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britain_n with_o the_o fame_n of_o his_o sanctity_n he_o live_v a_o solitary_a anachoretical_a life_n in_o the_o province_n now_o call_v glamorganshire_n probable_o in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o yet_o remain_v a_o chapel_n call_v st._n keneth_n chapel_n leave_v as_o a_o monument_n of_o his_o sanctity_n as_o cambden_n witness_n the_o celebrate_v this_o synod_n be_v the_o last_o public_a action_n we_o find_v record_v of_o st._n david_n he_o will_v not_o accept_v of_o metropolitical_a jurisdiction_n but_o upon_o condition_n that_o he_o may_v transfer_v the_o see_v from_o caerleon_n to_o menevia_n a_o place_n of_o remoteness_n and_o solitude_n and_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o many_o saint_n and_o religious_a person_n in_o the_o island_n and_o territory_n adjoin_v and_o therefore_o most_o acceptable_a to_o he_o which_o translation_n be_v approve_v by_o king_n arthur_n and_o the_o synod_n not_o then_o dissolve_v this_o menevia_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o dimetae_n now_o pembrokeshire_n adjoin_v to_o the_o most_o remote_a province_n of_o britain_n where_o the_o soil_n be_v stony_a and_o barren_a neither_o clothe_v with_o wood_n nor_o interlace_v with_o river_n nor_o adorn_v with_o meadow_n but_o expose_v to_o the_o sun_n and_o wind_n yet_o with_o this_o penury_n the_o ancient_a saint_n and_o bishop_n be_v best_a content_v account_v the_o remoteness_n from_o worldly_a tumult_n and_o noise_n to_o recompense_v sufficient_o all_o such_o incommodity_n this_o menevia_n or_o as_o the_o britain_n call_v it_o menew_v be_v in_o memory_n of_o this_o holy_a bishop_n name_v by_o the_o convert_v saxon_n david_n minster_n and_o by_o the_o britain_n twy_n davy_n that_o be_v david_n house_n and_o at_o this_o day_n st._n david_n the_o bishop_n whereof_o be_v for_o many_o age_n the_o metropolitan_a of_o cambria_n but_o at_o length_n become_v subject_a to_o canterbury_n notwithstanding_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o wales_n since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n commence_v a_o suit_n against_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n for_o their_o former_a right_n and_o independance_n but_o the_o cause_n be_v judge_v against_o they_o the_o pastoral_a care_n and_o zeal_n of_o st._n david_n in_o maintain_v the_o catholic_n faith_n against_o heresy_n especial_o against_o pelagianism_n and_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n against_o vice_n and_o disorder_n be_v signal_o approve_v and_o manifest_v in_o the_o synod_n of_o victory_n assemble_v by_o he_o ten_o year_n after_o his_o consecration_n neither_o be_v this_o his_o pastoral_n care_v confine_v to_o his_o own_o province_n but_o extend_v itself_o abroad_o also_o even_o to_o ireland_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v often_o visit_v and_o consult_v by_o devout_a man_n in_o those_o day_n it_o be_v a_o frequent_a custom_n among_o the_o irishman_n to_o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n and_o their_o devotion_n be_v to_o visit_v the_o monument_n of_o the_o apostle_n in_o rome_n among_o the_o rest_n one_o barro_n a_o abbot_n in_o the_o 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latter_a end_n of_o trajan_n reign_n some_o of_o the_o britain_n attempt_v to_o shake_v off_o the_o roman_a yoke_n but_o be_v neglect_v by_o the_o emperor_n engage_v in_o other_o affair_n of_o more_o concern_v it_o be_v not_o certain_a which_o of_o the_o britain_n make_v this_o attempt_n coelus_n be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v king_n of_o the_o britain_n not_o perhaps_o the_o sole_a king_n but_o most_o considerable_a for_o power_n and_o wealth_n to_o who_o the_o rest_n yield_v honour_n and_o some_o kind_n of_o subjection_n as_o some_o of_o the_o british_a prince_n in_o former_a age_n be_v say_v to_o have_v do_v to_o cassibelan_n and_o as_o after_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n to_o he_o who_o be_v style_v rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la this_o king_n coelus_n be_v describe_v in_o history_n to_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o a_o benign_a and_o peaceable_a nature_n and_o well_o affect_v to_o the_o roman_n as_o have_v be_v train_v and_o bring_v up_o among_o they_o from_o his_o tender_a year_n 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his_o predecessor_n and_o imagine_v that_o he_o can_v destroy_v christian_a religion_n by_o a_o malicious_a deface_v the_o place_n where_o it_o begin_v he_o erect_v idol_n of_o devil_n in_o the_o most_o sacred_a place_n of_o our_o lord_n passion_n jupiter_n in_o mount_n calvary_n venus_n where_o the_o cross_n have_v be_v fix_v adonis_n at_o bethlehem_n conceive_v the_o memory_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n will_v be_v soon_o blot_v out_o by_o the_o worship_n of_o these_o idol_n and_o indeed_o this_o holy_a place_n lie_v in_o this_o desolation_n until_o helena_n the_o mother_n of_o constantine_n think_v it_o worth_a her_o pain_n to_o search_v out_o the_o cross_n as_o be_v hereafter_o more_o full_o relate_v the_o learning_n patience_n and_o constancy_n of_o the_o christian_n through_o the_o intercession_n of_o noble_a and_o considerable_a person_n on_o their_o behalf_n cause_v adrian_n at_o last_o to_o publish_v a_o edict_n that_o none_o shall_v be_v punish_v for_o their_o belief_n 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preach_v in_o this_o isle_n which_o no_o doubt_v the_o pope_n will_v easy_o grant_v as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o come_n of_o s._n timotheus_n and_o s._n marcellus_n with_o other_o into_o britain_n about_o this_o time_n of_o who_o more_o hereafter_o moreover_o in_o the_o most_o ancient_a monument_n of_o burton-abbey_n we_o may_v find_v that_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 149._o nine_o doctor_n and_o scholar_n be_v baptise_a at_o granta_n or_o cambridge_n and_o it_o be_v confident_o affirm_v by_o gildas_n that_o the_o christian_a faith_n do_v from_o the_o beginning_n entire_o remain_v in_o britain_n until_o dioclesian_n be_v time_n which_o be_v by_o he_o well_o observe_v lest_o any_o shall_v think_v the_o religion_n bring_v in_o by_o the_o apostle_n and_o their_o disciple_n have_v be_v utter_o extinguish_v to_o adrian_n succeed_v antoninus_n pius_n who_o send_v lollius_n vrbicus_n to_o repel_v the_o encroach_a britain_n who_o soon_o drive_v they_o back_o within_o their_o former_a bound_n yet_o find_v work_n enough_o to_o compose_v the_o difference_n and_o dissension_n which_o break_v out_o afresh_o in_o the_o former_o subdue_v province_n between_o the_o brigantes_n and_o ordovices_n these_o tumult_n be_v of_o such_o danger_n and_o hazard_n that_o the_o happy_a quiet_v they_o give_v the_o addition_n of_o britanicus_n to_o antoninus_n in_o the_o 19_o year_n of_o this_o emperor_n pope_n pius_n the_o first_o establish_v by_o decree_n the_o observation_n of_o easter_n or_o the_o feast_n of_o our_o lord_n resurrection_n upon_o a_o sunday_n in_o opposition_n to_o such_o judaize_v christian_n who_o pretend_v a_o tradition_n from_o st._n john_n the_o evangelist_n keep_v it_o precise_o on_o the_o 14_o day_n of_o the_o first_o moon_n in_o march._n our_o ancient_a ecclesiastical_a monument_n make_v mention_n about_o this_o time_n of_o one_o marcellus_n a_o britain_n bear_v and_o a_o zealous_a preacher_n of_o the_o faith_n in_o britain_n of_o who_o our_o english_a martyrology_n testify_v that_o
by_o the_o most_o wise_a learned_a and_o virtuous_a emperor_n of_o the_o roman_n must_v needs_o have_v a_o strange_a influence_n on_o the_o mind_n of_o many_o man_n throughout_o the_o whole_a empire_n to_o incline_v they_o to_o conform_v themselves_o to_o his_o judgement_n though_o his_o practice_n be_v otherwise_o for_o worldly_a respect_n and_o indeed_o it_o produce_v a_o number_n of_o christian_n not_o only_o out_o of_o the_o vulgar_a rank_n but_o of_o honourable_a and_o note_a person_n insomuch_o as_o tertullian_n a_o christian_a writer_n of_o the_o next_o age_n declare_v to_o the_o roman_n that_o though_o they_o count_v christian_n as_o extern_n yet_o say_v he_o we_o fill_v all_o your_o place_n your_o city_n isle_n castle_n free-town_n camp_n tribe_n corporation_n palace_n senate_n etc._n etc._n no_o wonder_n then_o if_o our_o british_a king_n lucius_n prepare_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o inform_v by_o trebellius_n and_o pertinax_n principal_a officer_n send_v into_o britain_n not_o only_o of_o the_o say_v miraculous_a deliverance_n but_o what_o number_n of_o the_o roman_a nobility_n and_o senator_n have_v thereupon_o give_v up_o their_o name_n to_o christ_n no_o wonder_n if_o lucius_n thus_o convince_v in_o judgement_n and_o not_o deter_v by_o the_o roman_a civil_a power_n at_o last_o submit_v his_o neck_n to_o the_o same_o easy_a yoke_n as_o for_o our_o bale_n conceit_n that_o trebellius_n and_o pertinax_n be_v both_o christian_n and_o wrought_v upon_o lucius_n there_o be_v no_o ground_n in_o history_n for_o it_o and_o as_o to_o the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o this_o king_n conversion_n it_o may_v have_v be_v more_o clear_o publish_v to_o the_o world_n have_v not_o the_o ancient_a history_n of_o elevanus_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o pope_n eleutherius_fw-la be_v lose_v nevertheless_o what_o may_v be_v glean_v out_o of_o primitive_a record_n as_o relic_n of_o ancient_a tradition_n shall_v not_o be_v omit_v especial_o if_o approve_v by_o modern_a author_n among_o the_o rest_n thus_o write_v bale_n lucius_n as_o he_o conjecture_n be_v scandalize_v at_o the_o meanness_n and_o poverty_n of_o christ_n as_o the_o jew_n be_v for_o though_o christian_a religion_n have_v for_o the_o space_n of_o more_o than_o 100_o year_n be_v propagate_v in_o britain_n yet_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v deprive_v of_o its_o due_a splendour_n because_o hitherto_o administer_v by_o simple_a poor_a and_o contemptible_a person_n and_o want_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o support_v it_o therefore_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o say_a king_n be_v inform_v by_o the_o emperor_n lieutenant_n that_o upon_o the_o cease_n of_o persecution_n many_o illustrious_a roman_n have_v embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n he_o then_o begin_v to_o entertain_v a_o more_o worthy_a conceit_n of_o it_o and_o now_o serious_o compare_v this_o holy_a faith_n with_o what_o he_o have_v learn_v from_o his_o druid_n the_o simplicity_n and_o sanctity_n of_o the_o one_o with_o the_o foul_a and_o barbarous_a superstition_n of_o the_o other_o and_o consider_v the_o inestimable_a promise_n of_o eternal_a glory_n and_o happiness_n propose_v and_o assure_v in_o and_o by_o the_o gospel_n to_o any_o share_n whereof_o his_o own_o priest_n never_o pretend_v the_o least_o claim_n he_o grow_v weary_a of_o his_o former_a error_n and_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v further_o instruct_v in_o those_o verity_n with_o a_o few_o beam_n whereof_o he_o have_v be_v former_o enlighten_v and_o therefore_o though_o there_o want_v not_o such_o as_o have_v skill_n enough_o to_o satisfy_v this_o king_n in_o the_o truth_n of_o christian_a religion_n especial_o elvanus_n before_o mention_v and_o medwinus_n among_o the_o belgae_n yet_o the_o prudent_a king_n by_o their_o advice_n no_o doubt_n think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o implore_v a_o great_a authority_n for_o the_o establish_n a_o new_a church_n and_o settle_v the_o common_a affair_n of_o religion_n among_o his_o subject_n however_o though_o in_o his_o neighbour_a kingdom_n of_o gaul_n many_o renown_v and_o learn_v bishop_n be_v then_o live_v especial_o st._n iraeneus_n bishop_n of_o lion_n yet_o to_o none_o of_o these_o have_v lucius_n particular_a recourse_n but_o send_v two_o messenger_n through_o that_o nation_n direct_v they_o to_o st._n eleutherius_fw-la a_o worthy_a successor_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o the_o apostolic_a chair_n which_o he_o with_o the_o whole_a christian_a world_n take_v to_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n this_o he_o may_v well_o learn_v from_o st._n iraeneus_n against_o heresy_n who_o declare_v that_o every_o church_n and_o all_o christian_n wherever_o dsperse_v shall_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o roman_a church_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o more_o powersul_n principality_n tertullian_n also_o than_o a_o eminent_a priest_n will_v have_v give_v the_o same_o advice_n for_o thus_o he_o bespeak_v his_o reader_n who_o ever_o thou_o be_v say_v he_o who_o will_v better_v employ_v thy_o curiosity_n in_o the_o business_n of_o thy_o salvation_n take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o principal_a church_n found_v by_o the_o apostle_n if_o italy_n be_v near_o to_o thou_o thou_o may_v repair_v to_o rome_n from_o whence_o our_o authority_n in_o africa_n be_v likewise_o derive_v a_o church_n it_o be_v happy_a in_o its_o constitution_n to_o which_o the_o chief_a apostle_n together_o with_o their_o blood_n shed_v forth_o the_o whole_a doctrine_n of_o christianity_n and_o as_o for_o st._n iraeneus_n he_o give_v a_o catalogue_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n to_o the_o time_n of_o eleatherius_n with_o who_o he_o be_v contemporary_a and_o with_o his_o catalogue_n this_o assertion_n by_o make_v know_v the_o faith_n of_o that_o chief_a and_o most_o ancient_a church_n of_o rome_n renown_v throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n found_v and_o constitute_v by_o the_o most_o glorious_a apostle_n st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n and_o by_o a_o uninterrupted_n succession_n of_o bishop_n derive_v to_o our_o time_n we_o confound_v all_o those_o who_o any_o way_n either_o by_o a_o unlawful_a self-love_n vain_a glory_n blindness_n or_o perversity_n of_o opinion_n make_v separate_v congregation_n profess_v other_o doctrine_n therefore_o to_o elutherius_n pastor_n of_o this_o church_n king_n lucius_n address_v himself_o to_o obtain_v law_n and_o ordinance_n necessary_a for_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o well_o order_v church_n in_o this_o kingdom_n what_o his_o message_n be_v our_o bishop_n usher_n have_v declare_v out_o of_o a_o ancient_a book_n belong_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o abingdon_n namely_o that_o king_n lucius_n have_v hear_v the_o fame_n of_o the_o sanctity_n of_o preacher_n at_o that_o time_n in_o rome_n send_v his_o messenger_n with_o public_a letter_n in_o great_a expedition_n most_o devout_o and_o earnest_o beseech_v the_o venerable_a pope_n eleutherius_fw-la that_o by_o his_o order_n and_o will_v he_o may_v be_v make_v a_o christian_n it_o be_v true_a the_o bishop_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n attribute_v this_o to_o the_o primacy_n of_o the_o roman_a bishop_n but_o to_o the_o commerce_n and_o strict_a alliance_n between_o the_o conquer_a britain_n and_n that_o imperial_a city_n contrary_a to_o the_o plain_a judgement_n of_o irenaeus_n and_o tertullian_n beforementioned_a and_o the_o traditionary_a practice_n of_o all_o age_n in_o the_o protestant_a author_n of_o the_o british_a antiquity_n we_o may_v find_v who_o be_v this_o king_n messenger_n namely_o elvanus_n and_o medwinus_n beforementioned_a and_o what_o their_o message_n be_v more_o particular_o viz._n to_o request_v the_o roman_a bishop_n that_o he_o will_v be_v please_v to_o direct_v his_o legate_n with_o order_n to_o baptise_v he_o be_v already_o endue_v with_o christian_a doctrine_n and_o that_o they_o may_v bring_v the_o roman_a law_n with_o they_o according_a to_o which_o he_o may_v order_n and_o establish_v both_o the_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a state_n of_o his_o kingdom_n the_o pious_a bishop_n eleutherius_fw-la much_o more_o zealous_a to_o propagate_v the_o divine_a doctrine_n than_o to_o illustrate_v his_o own_o fame_n signify_v to_o the_o king_n his_o inexpressible_a joy_n for_o the_o gain_n of_o so_o great_a a_o king_n to_o the_o obedience_n of_o christ_n but_o for_o the_o civil_a order_n of_o his_o kingdom_n think_v his_o interess_a himself_o therein_o will_v be_v to_o little_a purpose_n for_o those_o law_n be_v not_o necessary_a for_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o christian_a commonwealth_n and_o that_o by_o they_o many_o thing_n be_v establish_v which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v observe_v by_o those_o who_o profess_v the_o christian_a faith_n etc._n etc._n st._n bede_n mention_v these_o request_n of_o the_o king_n to_o pope_n eleutherius_fw-la add_v present_o that_o he_o obtain_v the_o effect_n of_o his_o pious_a petition_n as_o to_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o concern_v his_o further_a instruction_n in_o christian_a religion_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o pope_n answer_n preserve_v to_o this_o day_n by_o matthew_n of_o
idolatrous_a nation_n the_o patience_n and_o virtue_n of_o this_o young_a man_n move_v the_o goodness_n of_o god_n to_o free_v he_o from_o this_o captivity_n for_o after_o six_o year_n patrick_n by_o notice_n from_o a_o angel_n find_v under_o a_o turf_n a_o sum_n of_o gold_n by_o which_o he_o redeem_v himself_o from_o his_o slavery_n and_o return_v to_o his_o parent_n and_o country_n which_o he_o glorious_o illustrate_v with_o the_o admirable_a sanctity_n of_o his_o life_n about_o this_o time_n valens_n the_o arrian_n emperor_n suffer_v a_o severe_a punishment_n for_o his_o persecution_n of_o the_o orthodox_n faith_n for_o the_o goth_n and_o hunns_n fierce_a northern_a nation_n enter_v into_o thrace_n put_v the_o eastern_a empire_n in_o great_a danger_n valens_n thereupon_o require_v aid_n of_o gratian_n who_o come_v on_o with_o the_o holy_a sign_n of_o the_o cross_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o true_a god_n to_o his_o assistance_n but_o valens_n not_o stay_v his_o come_n out_o of_o envy_n lest_o he_o shall_v partake_v any_o glory_n in_o the_o victory_n will_v needs_o hazard_v battle_n alone_o with_o the_o barbarian_n by_o who_o his_o army_n be_v discomfit_v and_o himself_o wound_v with_o a_o dart_n and_o fly_v with_o his_o chief_a officer_n into_o a_o house_n his_o pursue_a enemy_n set_v it_o on_o fire_n which_o consume_v he_o and_o his_o company_n in_o his_o place_n the_o emperor_n gratian_n and_o valentinian_n unwilling_a to_o leave_v the_o west_n assume_v theodosius_n the_o worthy_a son_n of_o that_o famous_a theodosius_n who_o settle_v britain_n and_o repress_v its_o enemy_n into_o a_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o commit_v to_o he_o the_o care_n of_o defend_v the_o eastern_a region_n against_o the_o insult_a goth_n at_o this_o time_n flavius_n clemens_n maximus_n descend_v probable_o of_o the_o imperial_a family_n of_o constantine_n challenge_v part_n in_o the_o empire_n or_o at_o least_o make_v himself_o king_n instead_o of_o governor_n of_o britain_n and_o indeed_o exercise_v tyranny_n against_o the_o empire_n some_o say_v he_o be_v bear_v in_o britain_n for_o gildas_n call_v he_o a_o sprig_n of_o the_o british_a plantation_n however_o sure_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o admirable_a valour_n and_o conduct_n the_o scottish_a writer_n confess_v he_o successful_a against_o the_o scot_n and_o that_o he_o slay_v their_o king_n eugenius_n and_o drive_v their_o chief_a noble_n into_o norway_n and_o ireland_n over_o which_o he_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o dominion_n although_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v believe_v ireland_n be_v hardly_o ever_o attempt_v by_o roman_a army_n thus_o maximus_n have_v subdue_v both_o scot_n and_o pict_n and_o thereby_o achieve_v great_a glory_n be_v vex_v at_o the_o promotion_n of_o the_o young_a theodosius_n to_o the_o empire_n begin_v to_o incense_v the_o soldier_n against_o the_o emperor_n and_o receive_v from_o they_o the_o imperial_a purple_n have_v he_o not_o attain_v this_o title_n against_o his_o oath_n and_o fidelity_n he_o be_v a_o prince_n so_o just_a and_o courageous_a he_o may_v have_v be_v think_v worthy_a to_o have_v be_v emperor_n be_v thus_o advance_v he_o pass_v over_o into_o gaul_n which_o passage_n prove_v fatal_a to_o this_o island_n from_o whence_o he_o transport_v not_o only_o the_o roman_a army_n but_o the_o flower_n also_o of_o the_o british_a youth_n which_o never_o return_v so_o as_o britain_n thus_o despoil_v of_o military_a force_n become_v expose_v to_o the_o miserable_a and_o cruel_a incursion_n of_o their_o northern_a enemy_n the_o scot_n and_o pict_n maximus_n attend_v with_o so_o great_a a_o force_n quick_o subdue_v both_o gaul_n and_o spain_n and_o by_o a_o treasonable_a stratagem_n slay_v the_o emperor_n gratian_n at_o lion_n and_o march_v straight_o into_o italy_n against_o valentinian_n it_o seem_v now_o be_v the_o time_n when_o britain_n become_v infect_v with_o heresy_n and_o greedy_a of_o novelty_n the_o occasion_n may_v be_v the_o severe_a deal_n of_o maximus_n in_o gaul_n against_o the_o arch-heretick_n priscillian_n and_o his_o companion_n justantius_n and_o tiberianus_n these_o heretic_n revive_v a_o new_a heresy_n out_o of_o the_o dregs_o of_o the_o ancient_a gnostic_n and_o manichee_n which_o at_o first_o infect_v spain_n then_o attempt_v italy_n and_o be_v there_o reject_v by_o pope_n damasus_n at_o rome_n and_o by_o st._n ambrose_n at_o milan_n the_o infection_n begin_v to_o spread_v in_o gaul_n complaint_n be_v make_v to_o maximus_n by_o the_o gallican_n bishop_n a_o synod_n be_v assemble_v at_o bordeaux_n by_o which_o justantius_n be_v depose_v priscilian_n appeal_v to_o the_o emperor_n who_o at_o the_o instigation_n of_o some_o bishop_n become_v severe_a against_o the_o heretic_n but_o by_o the_o intercession_n of_o st._n martin_n grow_v more_o mild_a abstain_v from_o shed_v of_o blood_n yet_o afterward_o priscilian_n convict_v of_o magic_n and_o many_o filthy_a doctrine_n and_o practice_n as_o pray_v naked_a in_o a_o meeting_n of_o woman_n at_o night_n etc._n etc._n be_v condemn_v with_o other_o his_o associate_n to_o loose_v his_o head_n only_a justantius_n be_v say_v to_o be_v banish_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o silly_a with_o tiberianus_n the_o teacher_n of_o this_o impure_a heresy_n be_v place_v so_o near_o the_o confine_n of_o britain_n no_o wonder_n if_o doctrine_n favour_v the_o inclination_n of_o corrupt_a nature_n do_v quick_o insinuate_v into_o unwary_a mind_n affect_v with_o novelty_n and_o indeed_o this_o scandalous_o severe_a judgement_n hitherto_o unpractised_a in_o the_o church_n be_v so_o far_o from_o cut_v off_o the_o heresy_n that_o it_o rather_o give_v strength_n for_o his_o follower_n honour_v he_o as_o a_o holy_a man_n and_o worship_v he_o as_o a_o martyr_n the_o emperor_n maximus_n for_o that_o title_n theodosius_n allow_v he_o after_o the_o death_n of_o gratian_n be_v so_o zealous_a in_o defence_n of_o the_o catholic_n faith_n that_o he_o write_v a_o efficacious_a letter_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o st._n ambrose_n to_o the_o emperor_n valentinian_n who_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o his_o mother_n justina_n persecute_v the_o holy_a bishop_n and_o denounce_v war_n against_o he_o unless_o he_o will_v desist_v from_o his_o unjust_a persecution_n maximus_n with_o his_o wife_n also_o have_v a_o great_a respect_n for_o the_o bless_a bishop_n of_o tours_n st._n martin_n some_o have_v think_v this_o lady_n who_o so_o much_o honour_a st._n martin_n be_v of_o british_a extract_n and_o the_o rather_o therefore_o be_v she_o here_o mention_v after_o this_o maximus_n not_o content_a with_o so_o large_a a_o portion_n of_o empire_n in_o gaul_n spain_n and_o britain_n march_v with_o his_o army_n into_o italy_n at_o who_o approach_n valentinian_n flee_v into_o illyricum_n and_o then_o learn_v by_o experience_n how_o unhappy_a he_o be_v in_o follow_v his_o mother_n advice_n against_o the_o holy_a bishop_n st._n ambrose_n there_o be_v a_o letter_n extant_a write_v by_o maximus_n to_o siricius_n who_o succeed_v damasus_n wherein_o he_o profess_v the_o orthodox_n faith_n wherein_o he_o be_v baptise_a and_o soon_o after_o proclaim_a emperor_n and_o in_o this_o letter_n he_o inveigh_v against_o the_o priscillianite_n who_o he_o call_v manichce_n who_o abominable_a doctrine_n and_o crime_n be_v so_o enormous_a even_o by_o their_o own_o confession_n in_o judgement_n that_o modesty_n forbid_v the_o further_a relation_n of_o they_o theodosius_n solicit_v by_o valentinian_n who_o sister_n galla_n he_o have_v marry_v come_v with_o a_o army_n into_o the_o west_n prepare_v himself_o for_o the_o war_n by_o earnest_a prayerand_n fast_v and_o have_v hear_v of_o a_o certain_a monk_n in_o the_o desert_n of_o egypt_n a_o servant_n of_o god_n who_o have_v the_o spirit_n of_o prophecy_n send_v to_o he_o and_o receive_v from_o he_o a_o assurance_n of_o victory_n which_o he_o soon_o obtain_v against_o maximus_n who_o only_o want_v a_o good_a cause_n thus_o conquer_a he_o be_v 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year_n by_o
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english_a upon_o which_o the_o holy_a pope_n perceive_v that_o he_o be_v a_o sincere_a man_n of_o god_n confirm_v his_o consecration_n know_v it_o come_v from_o god._n moreover_n at_o the_o earnest_a request_n of_o st._n kentigern_n though_o with_o some_o unwillingness_n he_o condescend_v to_o supply_v those_o small_a defect_n which_o be_v in_o his_o consecration_n and_o so_o dismiss_v he_o to_o the_o work_n of_o his_o ministry_n enjoin_v he_o by_o the_o holy-ghost_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v nothing_o essential_o necessary_a in_o this_o consecration_n be_v omit_v because_o the_o holy_a pope_n supply_v the_o defect_n mere_o upon_o importunity_n the_o great_a fault_n the_o holy_a bishop_n can_v impute_v to_o himself_o be_v his_o be_v consecrate_a by_o one_o only_a bishop_n against_o the_o express_a canon_n of_o a_o general_n council_n though_o indeed_o consider_v the_o danger_n and_o unquietness_n of_o the_o time_n if_o the_o word_n of_o the_o canon_n be_v transgress_v yet_o the_o intent_n be_v not_o as_o not_o oblige_v to_o impossibility_n and_o this_o sense_n of_o the_o canon_n appear_v by_o the_o resolution_n of_o st._n gregory_n to_o st._n augustine_n that_o he_o be_v the_o only_a bishop_n in_o the_o church_n of_o the_o angli_fw-la may_v himself_o alone_o ordain_v other_o bishop_n it_o be_v say_v of_o this_o st._n kentigern_n that_o during_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o his_o life_n his_o custom_n be_v to_o eat_v only_o every_o three_o day_n and_o sometime_o every_o four_o his_o food_n be_v bread_n milk_n cheese_n and_o butter_n he_o always_o abstain_v from_o flesh_n and_o wine_n or_o any_o other_o drink_v which_o can_v distemper_n next_o his_o skin_n he_o wear_v a_o very_a rough_a hair-cloath_n and_o over_o that_o a_o garment_n make_v of_o goatskin_n together_o with_o a_o close_a cowle_n and_o his_o uppermost_a clothing_n be_v a_o white_a albe_n he_o always_o wear_v a_o steal_v and_o carry_v a_o pastoral_a staff_n or_o crosier_n not_o spherical_a gild_a or_o set_v with_o precious_a stone_n but_o of_o simple_a wood_n bow_v back_o at_o the_o top_n and_o in_o his_o hand_n he_o ever_o hold_v a_o book_n thus_o be_v he_o always_o in_o readiness_n to_o exercise_v his_o function_n whenever_o necessity_n or_o reason_n require_v he_o lay_v in_o a_o stone_n chest_n make_v hollow_a like_o a_o bier_n under_o his_o head_n lie_v a_o stone_n and_o under_o his_o body_n be_v cast_v cinder_n and_o cilice_fw-la of_o hair_n in_o which_o posture_n with_o some_o unwillingness_n he_o admit_v a_o short_a sleep_n after_o which_o he_o will_v plunge_v himself_o into_o cold_a water_n and_o so_o recite_v the_o whole_a psalter_n this_o practice_n neither_o snow_n nor_o rain_n interrupt_v nor_o any_o thing_n but_o sickness_n or_o journey_v he_o six_v his_o episcopal_n see_v in_o the_o city_n of_o glasco_n where_o he_o also_o ordain_v a_o great_a congregation_n of_o religious_a man_n who_o live_v according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n in_o community_n of_o all_o thing_n the_o infidel_n in_o his_o diocese_n he_o convert_v to_o the_o faith_n apostate_n and_o heretic_n by_o his_o sound_a doctrine_n he_o reduce_v to_o the_o bosom_n of_o our_o holy_a mother_n the_o church_n he_o every_o where_o throw_v down_o idol_n and_o image_n of_o devil_n and_o build_v some_o church_n he_o distinguish_v parish_n by_o their_o certain_a bound_n he_o be_v always_o travel_v to_o gain_v soul_n to_o god_n never_o ride_v but_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o apostle_n always_o go_v on_o foot_n and_o because_o he_o will_v not_o eat_v his_o bread_n in_o idleness_n his_o custom_n be_v to_o labour_v with_o his_o hand_n in_o agriculture_n about_o this_o time_n our_o famous_a king_n arthur_n upon_o some_o unknown_a occasion_n abroad_o leave_v the_o administration_n of_o his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o nephew_n mordred_n son_n of_o loath_a king_n of_o the_o pict_n by_o his_o sister_n mordred_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o his_o uncle_n invade_v his_o throne_n upon_o pretence_n king_n arthur_n be_v a_o bastard_n and_o bear_v out_o of_o lawful_a marriage_n to_o this_o treason_n the_o traitor_n add_v the_o crime_n of_o incest_n violent_o take_v his_o uncle_n wife_n queen_n guenhumara_n and_o to_o strengthen_v himself_o he_o enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o the_o king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a to_o who_o he_o yield_v up_o several_a province_n this_o infamous_a crime_n soon_o bring_v king_n arthur_n back_o into_o britain_n inflame_v with_o rage_n against_o his_o abominable_a kinsman_n mordred_n be_v prepare_v to_o hinder_v his_o land_n where_o a_o cruel_a battle_n be_v fight_v between_o they_o in_o which_o auguselus_n king_n of_o albania_n and_o walwan_n another_o nephew_n of_o king_n arthur_n be_v slay_v notwithstanding_o which_o at_o last_o king_n arthur_n with_o infinite_a difficulty_n land_v and_o renew_v the_o fight_n make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o enemy_n compel_v mordred_n to_o fly_v to_o winchester_n whither_o he_o be_v pursue_v by_o king_n arthur_n where_o in_o a_o second_o battle_n after_o much_o bloodshed_n he_o be_v again_o put_v to_o flight_n towards_o cornwall_n but_o king_n arthur_n not_o cease_v to_o follow_v at_o last_o overtake_v he_o near_o the_o river_n camblan_n where_o mordred_n have_v range_v his_o force_n in_o a_o desperate_a fury_n rush_v among_o his_o enemy_n resolve_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o once_o more_o to_o show_v his_o back_n to_o they_o in_o this_o combat_n which_o continue_v almost_o a_o whole_a day_n after_o horrible_a bloodshed_n on_o both_o side_n king_n arthur_n with_o the_o courage_n and_o fury_n of_o a_o lion_n rush_v into_o the_o troop_n where_o he_o know_v mordred_n be_v and_o make_v way_n with_o his_o sword_n at_o last_o with_o horrible_a slaughter_n disperse_v the_o enemy_n there_o fall_v the_o traitor_n mordred_n and_o with_o he_o several_a saxon_a commander_n elaphius_n egbrith_n and_o bruning_n and_o many_o thousand_o with_o they_o but_o this_o victory_n cost_v king_n arthur_n his_o life_n for_o in_o the_o combat_n he_o receive_v a_o mortal_a wound_n and_o be_v convey_v by_o the_o charity_n of_o a_o kinswoman_n of_o he_o a_o noble_a matron_n call_v morganis_n into_o the_o island_n of_o avallonia_n now_o glastonbury_n which_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o foolish_a british_a bard_n to_o invent_v the_o story_n of_o morganis_n a_o fairy_n goddess_n who_o carry_v the_o body_n of_o king_n arthur_n into_o avallonia_n by_o magic_a skill_n with_o promise_n to_o cure_v his_o wound_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v return_v with_o his_o former_a strength_n and_o courage_n to_o govern_v the_o britain_n who_o for_o many_o age_n expect_v his_o return_n as_o foolish_o as_o the_o come_n of_o the_o messiah_n be_v look_v for_o by_o the_o jew_n when_o guenhumara_n hear_v of_o her_o husband_n return_n she_o flee_v to_o the_o city_n of_o caerleon_n and_o there_o take_v the_o habit_n of_o a_o religious_a woman_n among_o the_o nun_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n julius_n the_o martyr_n the_o true_a reason_n why_o king_n arthur_n will_v be_v carry_v to_o the_o monastery_n of_o glastonbury_n doubtless_o be_v partly_o to_o prepare_v himself_o more_o perfect_o for_o death_n in_o the_o company_n and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o holy_a monk_n there_o and_o that_o after_o his_o death_n he_o may_v be_v bury_v among_o such_o a_o world_n of_o saint_n as_o repose_v there_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o christianity_n the_o like_a we_o read_v of_o constantine_n who_o for_o the_o like_a purpose_n be_v bury_v in_o like_a manner_n that_o he_o may_v have_v the_o prayer_n of_o such_o as_o in_o succeed_a age_n shall_v come_v to_o visit_v those_o monument_n king_n arthur_n before_o his_o death_n give_v to_o that_o monastery_n brent_n march_n poulden_a and_o other_o land_n beside_o which_o the_o pagan_a angli_fw-la take_v away_o but_o after_o be_v convert_v to_o the_o faith_n restore_v with_o advantage_n king_n arthur_n appoint_v for_o his_o successor_n a_o kinsman_n of_o his_o call_a constantine_n and_o have_v recommend_v himself_o to_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o monk_n he_o die_v happy_o and_o after_o a_o christian_a manner_n be_v bury_v with_o a_o cross_n his_o conveyance_n to_o glastonbury_n be_v it_o seem_v by_o his_o own_o order_n and_o do_v with_o all_o secrecy_n and_o by_o like_a order_n his_o death_n and_o place_n of_o burial_n studious_o conceal_v for_o say_z matthew_z paris_z the_o king_n die_v be_v desirous_a to_o be_v hide_v lest_o his_o enemy_n shall_v insult_v and_o his_o friend_n be_v molest_v at_o so_o great_a a_o calamity_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o history_n relate_v little_a or_o nothing_o of_o his_o death_n and_o burial_n insomuch_o as_o the_o british_a nation_n out_o of_o their_o affection_n to_o he_o contend_v that_o he_o be_v still_o alive_a upon_o which_o occasion_n the_o prophecy_n be_v invent_v and_o father_v upon_o merlin_n that_o he_o shall_v appear_v and_o
authority_n now_o the_o say_a island_n be_v usual_o govern_v by_o a_o abbot_n who_o be_v a_o priest_n to_o who_o jurisdiction_n the_o whole_a province_n and_o even_a bishop_n themselves_o by_o a_o custom_n no_o where_o else_o practise_v aught_o to_o be_v subject_a according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o their_o first_o teacher_n s_o columba_n who_o be_v only_o a_o priest_n and_o monk_n and_o no_o bishop_n of_o who_o life_n and_o say_n many_o strange_a thing_n be_v extant_a compile_v by_o his_o disciple_n but_o what_o manner_n of_o man_n soever_o he_o be_v sure_o we_o be_v he_o leave_v successor_n famous_a for_o their_o great_a continency_n divine_a love_n and_o regular_a institution_n the_o companion_n to_o st._n columba_n be_v say_v to_o be_v twelve_o who_o come_v with_o he_o into_o albion_n eminent_o endue_v with_o the_o doctrine_n of_o christ_n and_o adorn_v with_o great_a sanctity_n their_o name_n be_v bathemius_n and_o cominus_fw-la afterward_o superior_n over_o monastery_n and_o no_o mean_a ornament_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n among_o the_o scot_n also_o cibthacus_fw-la and_o ethernau_n nephew_n to_o st._n columba_n and_o priest_n moreover_o domitius_n rutius_fw-la and_o fethuo_fw-la man_n illustrious_a for_o their_o descent_n but_o more_o for_o their_o piety_n last_o scandalaus_fw-la eglodeus_fw-la totaveus_n moteser_n and_o gallan_n these_o man_n after_o travel_v through_o the_o region_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n and_o by_o their_o labour_n in_o teach_v dispute_v and_o write_v imbue_v both_o those_o nation_n with_o virtuous_a manner_n and_o true_a religion_n the_o scotish_n writer_n add_v one_o companion_n more_o to_o st._n columba_n namely_o st._n constantine_n former_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n who_o repent_v his_o crime_n sharp_o reprove_v by_o gildas_n become_v a_o monk_n and_o go_v with_o st._n columba_n into_o scotland_n where_o he_o preach_v the_o faith_n to_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n he_o build_v a_o monastery_n in_o govane_n near_o the_o river_n cluid_n which_o he_o govern_v as_o abbot_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v convert_v to_o the_o faith_n the_o whole_a province_n of_o kentire_n where_o he_o likewise_o die_v a_o martyr_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o his_o monastery_n in_o govan_n the_o king_n who_o bestow_v the_o isle_n of_o hylas_n upon_o st._n columba_n and_o by_o the_o eminence_n of_o his_o piety_n draw_v he_o thither_o be_v say_v to_o be_v st._n comgal_n or_o conval_n king_n of_o dalrieda_n at_o the_o same_o time_n not_o far_o from_o st._n columba_n live_v st._n kentigern_n late_o return_v to_o his_o bishopric_n of_o glasco_n to_o who_o no_o doubt_n st._n columba_n be_v a_o officious_a assistant_n in_o his_o apostolic_a office._n of_o the_o solemn_a meeting_n of_o these_o two_o saint_n with_o their_o disciple_n we_o have_v already_o speak_v that_o there_o be_v a_o perfect_a agreement_n between_o these_o two_o saint_n and_o their_o disciple_n be_v no_o doubt_n and_o between_o they_o and_o st._n augustine_n also_o except_o in_o one_o rite_n or_o ceremony_n about_o the_o time_n of_o keep_v easter_n upon_o which_o inconsiderable_a difference_n some_o will_v infer_v that_o the_o british_a church_n receive_v their_o faith_n from_o the_o eastern_a church_n and_o not_o from_o rome_n st._n columba_n have_v spend_v more_o than_o 30_o year_n in_o this_o place_n and_o service_n he_o impatient_o beg_v of_o god_n to_o end_v his_o pilgrimage_n after_o his_o prayer_n end_v he_o see_v in_o a_o vision_n certain_a angel_n approach_v to_o he_o to_o conduct_v his_o soul_n to_o heaven_n which_o sight_n be_v so_o joyful_a to_o he_o that_o his_o disciple_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o but_o this_o sight_n be_v soon_o turn_v into_o sorrow_n for_o the_o angel_n tell_v he_o that_o upon_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o pictish_a church_n god_n have_v add_v four_o year_n more_o to_o his_o life_n at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 597._o the_o same_o year_n st._n angustine_n come_v into_o britain_n this_o holy_a man_n die_v and_o his_o holy_a body_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o hylas_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v after_o translate_v or_o a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o into_o ireland_n and_o repose_v in_o the_o church_n of_o dun-patrick_n by_o a_o inscription_n on_o his_o monument_n it_o be_v signify_v that_o in_o that_o one_o tomb_n three_o saint_n st._n patrick_n st._n bridget_n and_o st._n columba_n do_v repose_v hitherto_o the_o saxon_a prince_n have_v employ_v their_o force_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o britain_n but_o now_o find_v little_a resistance_n from_o they_o turn_v their_o arm_n against_o one_o another_o for_o three_o year_n after_o the_o come_n of_o st._n columba_n into_o britain_n ceaulin_n and_o cutha_n move_v a_o civil_a war_n against_o ethelbert_n which_o ethelbert_n the_o rather_o enter_v into_o because_o the_o power_n of_o ceaulin_n so_o much_o increase_v that_o he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o title_n of_o monarch_n hereupon_o ethelbert_n a_o valiant_a young_a prince_n mindful_a of_o the_o glory_n of_o his_o ancestor_n who_o have_v always_o enjoy_v a_o pre-eminence_n above_o other_o prince_n resolve_v to_o keep_v it_o and_o raise_v a_o army_n march_v with_o it_o into_o the_o province_n of_o the_o regni_n or_o surry_n where_o pass_v unwary_o over_o a_o little_a river_n call_v wandalis_fw-la he_o be_v rude_o repulse_v by_o ceaulin_n but_o endeavour_v again_o to_o march_v forward_o the_o army_n meet_v at_o a_o village_n call_v wibbandun_v now_o wimbledon_n where_o he_o be_v with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n compel_v to_o fly_v back_o into_o kent_n have_v lose_v his_o two_o chief_a captain_n oslaf_n and_o kneban_n where_o this_o battle_n be_v fight_v still_o remain_v as_o a_o monument_n of_o it_o a_o rampire_n raise_v in_o a_o round_a form_n as_o encompass_v a_o camp_n call_v knebensbury_n ethelbert_n after_o his_o loss_n seek_v to_o strengthen_v himself_o by_o a_o friendship_n and_o confederacy_n with_o the_o neighbour_a powerful_a kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n to_o make_v which_o confederacy_n more_o last_a he_o desire_v to_o confirm_v it_o by_o marriage_n which_o he_o effect_v this_o kingdom_n heretofore_o be_v call_v gaul_n but_o afterward_o the_o frank_n a_o german_a nation_n under_o their_o king_n pharamont_n invade_v it_o and_o possess_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o change_v the_o name_n from_o gaul_n to_o france_n the_o successor_n of_o pharamont_n for_o several_a generation_n be_v pagan_n till_o by_o st._n remigius_n bishop_n of_o rheims_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 499._o king_n clodoveus_n be_v convert_v to_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o with_o he_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o faith_n ever_o after_o continue_a and_o increase_v there_o this_o kingdom_n of_o the_o frank_n be_v at_o that_o time_n govern_v by_o four_o king_n son_n of_o clotharius_n a_o daughter_n of_o one_o of_o which_o king_n elthelbert_n marry_v name_v berta_n gregory_n call_v her_o aldiberga_n to_o who_o he_o attribute_n the_o conversion_n of_o the_o the_o saxon_n her_o parent_n not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n deliver_v their_o christian_a daughter_n to_o the_o bed_n of_o a_o pagan_a but_o have_v a_o engagement_n from_o ethelbert_n to_o allow_v she_o and_o her_o family_n a_o entire_a freedom_n in_o religion_n and_o so_o the_o marriage_n be_v conclude_v the_o lady_n be_v accompany_v into_o britain_n by_o a_o prudent_a and_o devout_a bishop_n call_v lethardus_fw-la who_o be_v style_v the_o percursor_n to_o st._n augustine_n and_o one_o who_o open_v the_o door_n to_o christianity_n here_o there_o be_v then_o in_o doroberni_n or_o canterbury_n several_a church_n which_o have_v be_v build_v by_o christian_n many_o age_n before_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v not_o utter_o demolish_v by_o the_o saxon_n among_o which_o the_o queen_n make_v choice_n of_o that_o which_o have_v be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o st._n martin_n and_o stand_v eastward_o of_o the_o city_n the_o author_n of_o life_n of_o this_o bishop_n lethardus_fw-la tell_v we_o what_o devotion_n this_o queen_n perform_v in_o this_o church_n viz._n that_o she_o and_o her_o family_n frequent_v the_o sacrament_n of_o mass_n and_o prayer_n in_o the_o celebrate_v whereof_o the_o bless_a bishop_n lethardus_fw-la be_v president_n or_o chief_a priest_n the_o say_n or_o sing_v of_o mass_n be_v the_o solemn_a devotion_n of_o the_o church_n in_o those_o time_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o orleans_n and_o tours_n celebrate_v in_o these_o very_a time_n insomuch_o as_o st._n columba_n by_o revelation_n know_v the_o death_n of_o st._n brendan_n in_o ireland_n celebrate_v a_o solemn_a mass_n for_o his_o soul._n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 571._o cuthulf_n the_o brother_n of_o king_n ceaulin_n fight_v with_o the_o britain_n at_o bedanford_n now_o bedford_n and_o have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n he_o take_v from_o they_o four_o royal_a city_n linganburgh_n a_o