most admired and rich Temple of Apollo Pythius and the Oracle which the Gauls under Brennus attempted in vain to spoil in Christian times became a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens but since it fell into the hands of the devouring Turks it is become a poor small Village twenty Miles West from Leucadia forty from Lepanto to the East and about seven saith Baudrand from the Bay of Corinth It is observed by Suidas Cedrenus Nicephorus and divers others that about the time of the Nativity of our Saviour this Pythian Oracle became dumb And Augustus being astonished at its silence received for answer Me Puer Hebraeus divos Deus ipse gubernans Cedere sede jubet tristemque redire sub orcum Aris ergo dehinc tacitis abscedito nostris Nero afterwards plundered it of five hundred Statues of Brass with all its Wealth broke down its Buildings and distributed the Lands belonging to it amongst his Souldiers Delta an Island made by the Nile in Egypt of the fashion of the Letter Δ in the Greek in the way as that River flows from Cairo Ptolomy mentions two a greater and a less of this sort The ancient City Busiris did stand in the midst of this Island Demer Tabuda a River in Brabant Demetriade Dimnitrado Demetrias an ancient City of Magnesia in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia upon the Gulph dell ' Armiro or the Pelasgicus sinus of the Classicks It has been heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Larissa from which it stands twenty Miles to the East Denbigh Denbiga one of the twelve Shires in wales has the Irish Sea on the North Flintshire on the East Merinoth on the South and Caernarvan on the West The principal Rivers are Cluyd Elway and Conwey which last separates this Shire from Carnarvan The West part is barren the middle where the Cluyd runneth is plain and very fruitful the last part except what lies upon the D 〈…〉 is less fertil Denbigh the principal Town stands upon a declining Rock H. Lacy Earl of Lincoln obtaining a Grant of this Place from Edward I. walled it and set up a Castle on the South side but wanting Water and being of difficult Access the Inhabitants have by degrees removed their Dwellings nearer the River and in Mr. Cambden's time were building a second Church the former not being able to contain the Inhabitants This Town has the River Aled or Elwy on the West and the Cluyd on the East which meet beneath it to the North it has a Bridge over both of them the later Maps place the Elwy on the South of the Town It stands fifteen Miles from Chester to the West and four from S. Asaph to the South The Right Honorable William Fielding is Earl of Denbigh and the fourth Earl of his Family Dendermonde Teneramunda is a strong Town in Flanders upon the River Schelde where the Tenera from Alost falls into it lying in the middle between Gant and Antwerp about five Leagues from either Denmark Denemarck Dania Cimbrius Chersonesus called by the Italians and Spaniards Danimarca by the Poles Dunska Is one of the most ancient Kingdoms of Europe yet of no great Extent Part of a vast Peninsula called of old Cimbricus Chersonesus in middle time Jutland and some Islands in the Eastern and Baltick Sea make the body of this Kingdom except that the Kingdom of Norway together with Greenland Island and Feroe is now annexed to it It was once a part of the Kingdom of the Goths but now a separate Kingdom consisting of two parts Jutland and the Isles The North of Jutland only is under the King of Denmark viz. Nort Jutland and the Northern parts of Suder Jutland Of the Islands Zeeland Fuynen and Bornholm in the Baltick Sea and Island in the Virgivian Ocean are the chief Coppenhague in the Isle of Zeeland is the Capital of the whole There were also three Counties on the Norway side Blecklen Schania and Haland which belonged originally to Denmark but in 1645. by the Treaty of Brooms-Boa these and some other Islands were surrendered by Christian IV. to the Swedes for ever and again in 1658. and 1660. confirmed to the Swedes This Kingdom had heretofore the Isles of Shetland on the North of Scotland which were granted to James VI. as a part of his Queens Dowry The King of Denmark possesseth also in Germany 1. Half the Dukedom of Holsatia 2. The Counties of Oldenburgh and that of Delmenhorst which two fell to him by Inheritance from the last Count of Oldenburgh Till 1660 the Crown was Elective but then made Hereditary by Frederick III. The Danes have also enlarged their Princes Bounds by planting a New Denmark in the North of America This Kingdom once was one of the most Powerful in Europe as may be remembred more particularly to us by their Incursions into England Scotland and Ireland where they maintained War with our Ancestors above three hundred years together But by the Fate of Time War and other humane Calamities reduced to the state in which it now is The Danish Writers derive its Name and pretend to give a Catalogue of their Kings from Dan the Son of Jacob. It is a cold Climate but fruitful enough in Corn Cattle and Fish and the greatest Revenue of the Crown comes from the Toll that is payed for passing the Sound Denia a Sea-Port in the Kingdom of Valentia in Spain over against the Isle of Yvica on the Mediterranean Sea eleven Miles from Valentia to the South Denin a celebrated Nunnery in the Low Countreys upon the Road from Valenciennes to Doway where the Chapter is composed of 18 Chanonesses who are all Ladies of Quality taking the Title of Countesses of Ostrevan from their Founder S. Aldebert an Earl of Ostrevan who left both his Estate and Dignity to them They enter into no Vows Marry at their pleasure leaving only their thanks to the Chapter for the honour they have enjoyed by it St Dennis en Uaux ad Sanctum Dionysium in Vallibus a Town in the Dukedom of Orleans in France St. Dennis Carriere a Town and a famous Monastery in the Isle of France two Leagues from Paris to the South one of the richest Monasteries in that Kingdom upon the River Crou which a little lower falls into the Scin. The Abbey was founded in 636. by Dagobert King of France in honor of S. Dennis whose Bones sleep here But the Church was rebuilt since by Suggerus one of their Abbots in three Years and three Months ending in 1144. Here are the Tombs of the Kings of France Some of which have died here too St. Dennis a Town in Normandy in the Forest of Lyons on the Borders of Beauvois in which Henry I. King of England died Deptford a large Town in Kent in Sutton Lath situated at the fall of the River Ravensburn into the Thames amongst rich and low Meadows and provided with a Dock and Store-house for the Navy Royal. It is divided into the
Pont near Belsey in the County of Northumberland giving the Title of Earl to the Duke of Newcastle and its name to the VVard it stands in It did formerly belong to the Barons Ogle Oglio Ollio Ollius a River in the States of Venice in Italy it springeth from the Mountains above Edulum in the Borders of Switzerland in the Valteline and flowing through Brescia or Brexa into the Lake de Iseo it leaves it at Calepio a little lower separating the Territory of Brescia from that of Cremona or the State of Venice from the Dukedom of Milan and watering part of the Dukedom of Mantoua it falls into the Po at Burgoforte Oie a County in Picardy It is extended from Calais as far as to Graveling and Dunkirk and hath a Town in it of the same name The Spaniards during the Civil Wars of the League possessed themselves of this County till by the Treaty of Vervin in 1598. it was surrendred again to the Crown of France The English heretosore held it above two Ages § There is a small Island Oie near that of Rè upon the Coast of Saintonge in Aquitain L'Oise Osesia Isauria Oesia Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy in the Confines of Hainault and Champagne and washing Guise Lafere and Noyon at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne a bigger River than it self so by Pont S. Maxiente Beaumont and Pont Oyse falls into the Seyne six Miles below Paris towards Roan Okeham or Oakham the Capital Town of the County of Rutland seated in the rich and pleasant Vale of Catmoss and said to derive its name from the plenty of Oaks growing in its neighbourhood It has a Castle where the Assises are kept a Frecschool and a Hospital And by an ancient Privilege belonging to its Royalty a Nobleman entering on horseback within its Precincts pays the homage of a Shooe from his Horse Therefore upon the door of the Shire-Hall there are many Horse-shooes nailed and over the Judges Seat in the same one curiously wrought five foot and a half long with a breadth proportionable But this Homage or Forfeiture may be commuted for money Okehampton a Borough and Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Black-Torring It returns two Members of Parliament Old or Ould Olitis a River in Quercy in France Olde or Oude Vlda a River in Bretagne Oldenburg Oldenburgum Brannesia a small City in VVestphalia the Capital of a County of the same name seated upon the River Honta twenty five Miles from Breman to the West and forty from Embden to the East Built by Otho the Great and almost totally ruined by Fire in the year 1676. that very day the Citizens were to have taken the Oath of Allegiance to the King of Denmark The County of Oldemburg is a small County in the Circle of VVestphalia between East-Friesland to the West the Dukedom of Bremen to the East the Bishoprick of Munster to the South and the German Ocean to the North. Very fruitful especially as to Pasture and Cattle the Air is cold and Foggy This for a long time was under Counts of its own who are derived from VVittikindus the last King and first Duke of the Saxons VValepart one of his Nephews in 850. being the Earl of Oldemburg This Line continued with some small variation for twenty three or twenty four Descents and in 1676. failed Since which it has been annexed to the Crown of Denmark that King being descended of the Eldest Branch of the Earls of Oldenburg Oldenborg a Town in Holstein in the Territory of Wageren once a Bishops See but removed long since to Lubeck it stands not above three Miles from the Baltick Sea and thirty from Lubeck to the North. Oldenpo Oldenpoa a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Lettonia to the South Esthonia properly so called to the West Alentak to the North and Moscovy to the East under the Swedes the chief Town in it is Tonspat Oldenzeel or Oldensel Odesalia a strong Town in Overyssel in the Vnited Netherlands taken and dismantled by the Hollanders in 1626. Oldeslo Oldensloe Oldesloa a Town in Holstein in Wageren upon the River Trava in the Borders of Lavemburg three German Miles from Lubeck to the West and five from Hamburgh to the South-East The King of Denmark erected here a spacious Fortification in 1688. At which Lubeck was not a little alarm'd Oleron Vliarus an Island on the Coast of Aquitain belonging to the Duchy thereof upon the Shoar of Saintonge against the Mouth of the River Charente two Leagues from the Continent Six from North to South two from East to West strengthened by a very strong Castle on the South Side and universally famous for the Sea-Laws here Published by Richard I. King of England at his Return from the Holy Land in the fifth year of his Reign at which time this Island lay under the Dominion of the Kings of England This is the same Island with the Olarion of Sidonius Apollinaris which he says yields plenty of Rabbets Oleron or Oleron sur le Gave Oloronensis urbis Huro Hurona Elarona Loronensium Civitas a City of Bearn in the South of France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux Destroyed by the Normans in the year 1080. and rebuilt by Centulus one of the Earls of this Province upon a Branch of the Gave thence called Le Gave de Oleron ten Leagues from Tarbes to the West eighteen from Dax to the South and twenty four from Pampelona to the North. It stands upon an Eminence having an old Tower Olika Olica a City in Volhinia a Province of Poland five Miles from Lucko to the South-East which in 1651. sustained a Siege against the Cossacks and preserved it self out of their Hands Olinde Olinda a Maritim City of Brasil in America the Capital of the Province of Pernambuc Taken by the Hollanders in 1629. and fortified but afterwards deserted and returned under the Crown of Portugal This City stands upon a Hill near the Mouth of the River Bibiribe has a Castle called S. George and a large Haven In 1676. it was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvadore Olivenza Evandria Oliventia a strong City of Portugal upon the River Guadiana three Leagues from Elvas to the South-West and twelve from Evora to the East Taken by the Spaniards in 1658. and restored to the Portuguese by the Treaty of Peace at Lisbon in 1688. Olivero Oliverio Helicon a River on the North of Sicily The Mount of Olives Mons Olivetus a Mount in the Vicinage to the East of the City Jerusalem in Palestine which hath the Valley of Jehosaphat lying betwixt Jerusalem and it and the Brook Kedron gliding at its Foot About two thousand Paces in length from North to South and six hundred in heighth affording a delightful Prospect not only over Jerusalem but towards the Mountains of Arabia towards Jordain and the Dead Sea Hebron and Samaria It breaks into three Points or little Hills whereof the
it self the Publick Schools and Physick Garden are admired by all By the Charter of K. Edward III. the Mayor of the City stands bound to obey the Orders and live in Subjection to the Vicechancellour of the Vniversity which from the time of its Restauration under K. Alfred has been all along accounted one of the four principal Vniversities of Europe the three other being Paris Salamanca and Bologna Henry VIII added in the year 1541. the Honor of a Bishop's See Aubrey de Vere the present Earl of Oxford is the twentieth of his Family which has been honored with this Title ever since the year 1155 or as others say in 1137. It is certain he is the first Earl in England Long. 19. 20. Lat. 52. 01. This City having suffered very much with and for Charles the Martyr after a Siege from May 2. to June 24. 1646 was surrendred to the Parliamentarians Oxirynchus or Oxgrynchus an ancient Town in the Kingdom of Egypt mentioned by Evagrius He says the Inhabitants were almost all Monks or Nuns and that it had then twelve Churches besides the Monasteries Oyse Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy and running Southward by Guise and la Fere takes in there the Serre then entering the Isle of France at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne and between Clermont and Senlis passeth to Pont-Oyse beneath which it falls into the Seyne eight Leagues below Paris Ozaca a great City of the Kingdom of Japan in the Island of Niphonia with a splendid Castle belonging to the King built some few years since The Island is in a very large Bay of the Province of Jetsesena The City stands in the middle of the Island fifty Leagues from Meaco to the North-East Ozsurgheti Ozurietum the Capital City of the Kingdom of Guriel in Georgia where the King of Guriel resides Ozwieczin Ozviecinum a Town in the Lesser Poland in the Palatinate of Cracovia upon the Vistula where it takes in the Sala scarce three Polish Miles from Silesia and about seven from Cracovia to the West It has a Timber Castle seated in a Morass Honored with the Title of a Dukedom In the year 1654 it returned to the Crown of Poland after it had for many years been annexed to Silesia This Town is called by the Germans Ausch-Wits P A. PAchacama a famous fertile and pleasant Valley in the Kingdom of Peru four Leagues from Lima where stood in the times of the Yncas or Indian Emperors of Peru a most magnificent Temple by them built to the honour of the Creator of the Vniverse says Garcillasus not of the Sun as others misrepresent their Devotion Its Ruines are yet apparent This Temple was immensely rich with the Treasures especially hidden in it when Pizarro became Master of the Country It is said himself drew thence above nine hundred thousand Duccates Pacamores a People of Peru near the Confluence of the Maranio and the River of Amazons Pacca the Moorish Name of Beja a City of Portugal Pactolus a River of the Lesser Asia which ariseth in Lydia from the Mountain Tmolus and passeth by the City Sardis into the Hermus now Sarabat whence it is also by the Moderns called by the same Name of Sarabat The antient Poets often quote its golden Sands Padeborn Paderborn Paderborna Padeburna a City of Westphalia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mentz by the Institution of Charles the Great who held a Diet or Parliament here in 777. In 799. Pope Leo III. took refuge in this City In 999. it happened to be burnt In 1002. the Empress Cunegonda was crowned at it Of old an Imperial and Free City but since exempt and in the Hands of its own Bishop ever since 1604. It is seated near the Rise of the River Lippe twelve Miles from Munster to the North-East and ten from Cassel to the South-West about two Miles from it lies the Castle of Newhaus built by Theodore Furstemberg Bishop of this Seâ— in the year 1590 for the Residence of the Bishop Long. 30. 30. Lat. 51. 45. § The Bishoprick of Paderborn is a Tract in the Circle of Westphalia bounded on the North by the County of Lippâ— on the East by Munster on the South by Hassia and on the West by the Dukedom of Westphalia It is from North to South forty Miles The principal Places in it are Paderborn Brackel and Warburgh Ferdinand Furstemberg Bishop of this Diocese has written a History of it Padoua Patavium a Ciâ—y of Italy in the States of Venice upon the Rivers Brenta and Bachiglione twenty four Miles from Venice to the West eighteen from Vicenza and forty eight from Ferrara to the North. All the ancient Writers agree this City was built by Antenor a Trojan particularly Virgil speaking of Antenor says Hic tamen ille urbem Patavi sedesque locavit soon after the Ruin of Troy They pretend to shew his Tomb here upon which there is an Inscription in Gothick Letters that cannot be equally old In this City was brought into the World Livy the great Roman Historian About the year of Christ 452 it was ruined by Attila King of the Huns rebuilt by the Inhabitants of Ravenna About an hundred years after the Lombards destroyed it and Charles the Great refounded it In 1140. it came into the Possession of the Carrarii In 1221 Frederick II. Emperor opened the University here In 1403. John Galeatius Duke of Milan put an end to this Family and three years after the Venetians took it from him In 1509 it was taken from them by Maximilian I. Emperor of Germany but being soon after recovered has ever since continued under that State It is great and strong but not very populous and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Aquileja Long. 33. 58. Lat. 44. 54. The Country it stands in is so fruitful as to give occasion to this Italian Proverb to prefer Padua before either Venice or Bologna Bologna la grassa Venetia la guasta ma Padoa la passa It is made a strong place by its Castles Towers Walls and Ditches The Palaces and publick Buildings are noble the Vniversity is particularly famous for the Faculty of Physick It is the Capital of the Territory called the Padouan which comprehends Este Arqua Poluerara Castelbaldo Montagnana Mirano c. There are two Academies of the Ingenious established in it under the Titles of gli Recoverati and gli inflammati It shews the ruines of a Roman Amphitheatre And in the year 1350. a Synod was assembled in this City Padstow a Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Pider with a Haven to the North Sea Pagâ—ts â—romley a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill upon the River Blithe Paglion â—auâ—on a small River which washeth the City of Nice in Piedmouâ— then falls into the Mediterranean Sea alamos a Sea-Port Town in Catalonia The Palatinate of Bavaria See Bavaria The Palatinate of the Rhine Palatinatus Rheni Palatinatus Inferior
Ages enjoyed the Residence of the Kings of Sweden and they having also much enlarged that Kingdom by their Conquests in Poland Germany and Moscovy it is now become a celebrated Mart rich and populous It has a Royal Castle a large and safe Port upon the disembogure of the Lake Meler secured by Forts and from the weather so protected by Rocks that the greatest Vessels may ride in the midst of it without anchor or cable It has a convenient Situation but being placed amongst many Rocks just by it the prospect of it is not very taking upon six small Islands joyned by Bridges of Wood to each other the best Peopled is called Stockholm which denominates the City also two large Suburbs one on the North and the other on the South Tho it is a place of no strength yet Christian King of Denmark could not take it when he besieged it in 1518. It stands eight Swedish Leagues from Vpsal to the South five from the Baltick Sea to the West and eighty from Dantzick and Copenhagen Long. 43. 00. Lat. 60. 30. Gustavus Adolphus and Charles Gustavus surnamed Augustus Kings of Sweden lye interred in a Church of this City But the rest of the Kings lie at Vpsal and other places Stockport or Stopford a Market Town in Cheshire in the Hundred of Macclesfield upon the River Mersey Stockton a Market Town in the Bishoprick of Durham The Capital of a Ward Stoecades Ligustides the Islands Hyeres in the Mediterranean Sea upon the Coast of Provence in which the Knights of Malta after their loss of Rhodes entertained thoughts of settling by the permission of the King of France The Monks had got footing upon them in Cassian's time There was a Cistercian Monastery standing in the time of P. Innocent III. The Ancients mention the principal of them by the names of Hispa Prote Pomponiana Phenice Sturium c. which now are called Teste de Can Ribaudas Ribaudon Langoustier c. This last seem to express their other ancient Name of Ligustides See Hieres Stoel-Weissemburg See Alba Regalis Stokesley a Market Town in the North-Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Langbark well watered with fresh Streams Stolhoffen Stolhoffa a City or fortified Town in Schwaben in Germany upon the Rhine in the Marquisate of Baden two German Miles from Hagenow to the East and three from Strasburg South-East Stolpe Stolpa a Town seated upon a River of the same Name in the Further Pomerania three German Miles from Lawenburg in Pomerania to the West thirteen from Colberg to the East It has an ancient Castle subject to the Duke of Brandenburgh Stone a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill upon the Trent Stonehenge Mons Ambrosii a very venerable and ancient Monument in Whiltshire six Miles from Salisbury consisting of three Crowns or Ranks of huge unwrought Stones one within another some of which are twenty eight Foot high and seven broad upon the tops there are others laid cross and framed into them Upon a large plain scarce affording any other Stones at all in the circumferences of some Miles Mr. Cambden supposes the Art of the Ancients in making Stone of Sand and unctuous Cement was employed in this Work Because these Stones seem too vast a load for Carriages Stormaren Stormaria a Province of Holstein bounded on the North by Holstein properly so called on the East by Waggaren and Lavemburg and on the West and South by Bremen and Lunenburg cut off by the Elbe Partly subject to the King of Denmark and partly to the Duke of Holstein Gotthorp The principal Places in it are Gluckstad Crempen and Pinnenberg which are under the King of Denmark Under the Duke are Elmeshorn Steinhorst Barmsted and Reinhorst Hamburg though subject to neither of these Princes is reckoned within the Bounds of this Province by John Bunon Stow on the Wold a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Slaughter § Another in the County of Suffolk the Capital of its Hundred upon the River Orwell large and beautifully built with a spacious lofty Church And driving a great Trade in Stuffs Straelsund Sundis a small but very strong City in the Hither Pomerania upon the Shoars of the Baltick Sea which has an Harbor over against the Isle of Rugen another towards Gripswald and Pomerania and a third looking toward Dumgarten and the Dukedom of Meckelburg being built in a Triangle It stands sive German Miles from Gripswald to the North ten from Anclam and about four from the Isle of Rugen secured by Marshes the Sea and three well fortified Banks Now one of the Hanse Towns but formerly a Free Imperial City and a frequented Mart. Built by the Danes in 1211 and being besieged by Count Wallestein for the Emperor who had subdued all the rest of Pomerania this small place in 1629 called Gustavus Adolphus into Germany who rescued it out of the Hands of the Imperialists and became the Master of it which was confirmed by the Peace of Munster In 1678 the Duke of Brandenburgh took and burnt this Town not leaving out of above two thousand Houses five hundred unruined by his Bombs and Fireworks He took it upon a Capitulation and the next year after by the Treaty at S. Germains it was resigned to the Swedes again Stramulipa Boeotia Attica a part of Greece the Capital of which is Thebes it lies over against the Isle of Negropont Strasburg Argentoratum the Capital City of Alsatia in Germany called by the Italians Argentina It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mentz And for many Ages a Free and Imperial City seated upon the River Ill where it falls into the Breuch one Mile from the Rhine over which it has a Timber-Bridge of vast length Eight German Miles from Brisach to the North twelve from Spire fourteen from Basil and twenty from Nancy and Metz. So very ancient that it is said to be built in the year of the World 1955 thirty three years before the Birth of Abraham which tho it may be true yet cannot be proved Tacitus and Caesar call it Tribocorum and Tribâ—cum Ptolemy Argentoratum other Latin Writers Argentina and Strasburgum It is mentioned by Ammianus Marcellinus as a Place which the Slaughter of the Barbarians by Julian the Apostate had made famous The Victory here mentioned was in the year of Christ 357. In which Julian overthrew six Barbarous Kings of the Germans and took Chodonomar the chief of them Prisoner In the year 378 Gratianus the Emperor gave the Germans another great Overthrow near this City Attila King of the Hunns took and wasted this City about the year 451. Childerick King of the Franks possessed himself of it in the year 478. S. Amand became the first Bishop of this City in the year 643. Henry II. Emperor rebuilt this City in the year 1004. The Cathedral was built in the year 1207. In the year 1332 it suffered very much by intestine Divisions between the Nobility and Populacy In
the Name of their King Charles X. The Danes took it in 1676. but they yielded it to the Swedes again in 1679. according to the Treaty of Fointainebleau Catmagnole a strong Town in the Marquisate of Saluces in Piedmont about 2 Miles from the Po and 9 from Turin in the Dominions of the Duke of Savoy ever since Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy during the Civil Wars of France made himself Master both of the Marquisate and it in 1588. and that the same were ceded to him by a Treaty of Peace in 1601. This Town has been taken by the French and retaken by the Confederates in this present War Carmarthenshire See Carmarthen Carmel Carmelus a Mountain in the Holy Land or Palestine upon the Mediterranean Sea 50 Miles North of Jerusalem betwixt Galilee and Samaria in the Tribe of Issachar about 30 Miles in Circuit deliciously covered and adorned with Trees Plantations Springs Villages Valleys and Caverns which have been the retreats of the solitary in all Ages Now inhabited by the Drâ—sians a Warlike People who are supposed to be the Relicks of the European Pilgrims and accordingly pay as little deference to the Port as they can There is a Monastery belonging to the Carmelites here whose whole Order derives their Name from the place These carmelites regard the Prophets Elias and Elisha as their Patriarchs whose 2 Grots with the Fountain that sprung miraculously up at the Prayers of Elias now under the keeping of a Mahometan Anchorite are much honored as well by Turks Moors and Arabs as the Jews and Christians The Prophet Agabus they say built a Chappel upon this Mountain in the year 83. a small part thereof being yet extant In the time of the Emperor Vespasian there was a Temple of an Oracle here so famous that Vespasian came in Person to consult it Possibly it was some remains of the Idol of Baal or Beelzebub that they used heretofore to adore in Acre a Town below at the foot of the Mountain The Prince of it pays yearly to the Turks for Tribute 12 Horses Carnarvan See Caernarvanshire Curnia Acarnania a Province in Epirus over-against the â—sle of Corfu or Cephalonia Carniola called by the Dutch Krain has Slavonia on the East Friuli on the West Carinthia and part of Sâ—eirmark North and Istria South fruitful in Corn and Wine this and Carinthia both belong to the House of Austria by descent to which they give the Title of a Duke The Inhabitants are part Sclavonians and part Germans its Capital City Laubach This Country was a Branch of the antient Carnia Carolina a Plantation of the English Quakers upon the Continent of North America which has its Name from Charles II. It lies between the Lat. of 29. and 36. deg being the most Northern part of Florida Tho the English began to plant it only since 1663. yet being extremely fruitful and temperate the Inhabitants are already very numerous and have built 2 considerable Town Charles Town and Albermarle This Country is bounded to the South by Florida to the North by Virginia to the West by the Apulathean Hills which are exceeding steep and high and to the East by the Atlantick Ocean The Colonies are endeavouring to improve it to Wine and Oil which the English chiefly want Carolstadt Carolostadium a Town in Croatia built by Charles Archduke of Austria and well fortified against the Turks seated at the confluence of the Kulp and the Mereswiz 2 German Miles from Meteling to the North-East the Governour of Croatia always resides here There is another of the same Name in the Bishoprick of Wurtzburg upon the Maine 3 German Miles North of Wurtzburg And a Third in Sweden in the Province of Westrogrothia built by Charles IX upon the Lake Wever which suffered much by the Danes in 1644. Carpathus See Scarpanto Hence the Carpathian Sea now called the Sea of Scarpanto betwixt the Islands of Rhodes and Candia derived its Name Carpenterland a vast Country in the Terra Australis of America lately discovered by one Carpenter a Dutchman who has left it his Name Carpentras Carpentoracte a City in Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Avignon and the Capital of the County of Venacin under the Dominion of the Pope 4 Leagues from Avignon to the North-East It stands upon a very well watered Soil Caesarius Bishop of Arles presided at a Council here in 527. in the Papacy of Foelix IV. Long 25. 49. Lat. 43. 18. Carpi Carpum a small City in Lombardy in Italy with a Castle and Principality belonging to the Duke of Modena It has a large Territory to it and a Collegiate Church built first by Aistulphus one of the Kings of the Lombards who died about 750. Rebuilt by Albertus Pius who was then Prince of Carpi with greater magnificence and is exempted from the Jurisdiction of all the Neighbour Bishops who have any Pretensions to it by the Decrees of Julius II. and Leo X. This City lies 4 Leagues from Modena to the North. Carrara a small Town in the Province of Tuscany in Italy between Massa and Sarsina belonging to the Prince of Massa with the Title of a Principality Carrhae an antient City of Mesopotamia upon the River Charra remarkable in History for the Defeat of Crassus by the Parthians in the year of Rome 701. It has had the honor to be a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Edessa This is the Charan mentioned in the Story of the Patriarch Abraham Carriek-Fergus See Knock-Fergus Carrict Carricta a small Bailywick or Earldom in the West of Scotland which has Dumbritain-Fryth to the West and North Nithisdale to the East and Galloway to the South It is fruitful and supplyed both by Sea and Land with all the necessaries of Life The Earldom belongs now to the Prince of Scotland Cars See Chars Carthago Carthage call'd by the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 was once the most famous and potent City in Africa and the Rival of Rome generally supposed to be built by Queen Dido a Tyrian Princess An. Mundi 3725. 72 years after Rome 874 years before the Birth of our Saviour But then Justin makes it to be built before Rome and Appian before the Ruin of Troy and this is now thought the more probable Opinion The Learned Vossius in his Book de Magnitudine Vrbium is confident that it was not only built before the Trojan War but in its greatest Dignity Extent and Power before that time and that Dido was only the Repairer of it and that it was much older than Tyre itself But however certain it is that it was a Phaenician Colony It subjected by degrees not only all Lybia but a great part of the adjacent Islands and the greatest part of Spain and Sicily It sustained 3 sharp Wars with Rome the first lasted 24 years the second 18 and had ended in the Ruin of Rome if the Carihaginians had but supplied their General effectually and in time The third lasted
Chilca a fruitful Valley in the Kingdom of Peru ten Leagues from Lima and six from Pachacama The Salvages manure it with Sardines Chili one of the most Potent Kingdoms of the South America When the Spaniards entred the New World it was first discovered by them in 1535. It lies four hundred Leagues in length from North to South but its breadth is not great bounded on the North by Peru on the West by the Pacifick Ocean or the Mar del Zur on the South by Magellanica and on the East by the Andes A part of the Inhabitants of this Country retiring into these Andes have defended their Lives and Liberties against the Spaniards ever since and have sometimes given them great Overthrows S. Jago is the Capital City of it Many Mines of Gold and Quarries of Marble grow within its bowels Yet a very cold Country governed by a Vice-Roy in subordination to the Vice Roy of Peru. Chiloe or Chilue an Island and Town belonging to the Kingdom of Chili South of the extreme parts of that Country in the West-Indies giving Name to a neighbouring Gulph called the Archipelago of Chiloe because of the number of the Islands therein Chimarioti Ceraunii are a Ridge of very high Mountains in Albania or Epirus which run from the North-East to the South-West and lie not above fifty Miles North of Corfu See Ceraunii Chimay Chimacum a Town and Castle in Hainault in the Confines of Champagne upon the River Alby which falls into the Mase three German Miles from Mariebourg to the South-West This Town was made a Principality by the Emperor Maximilian I. in 1486. Chimera a City in the Confines of Macedonia between the Mountains of Chimarioti upon the shoars of the Gulph of Venice which has a strong Sea-Port It lies about 30 Miles North of Corfu upon a Rock which has Precipices on all Sides whither all the Country People retire when need requires by which they have preserved themselves from the Turks and will pay him no Tribute They are stout Men and good Soldiers but infamous for Theft and Robbery preying equally upon the Turks and Christians Yet they are Christians by Profession and subject to the Bishop of Janina in Thessaly Vide Wheeler's Travels § There is a flaming Mountain mention'd by Pliny Strabo Ovid c. in Lycia of this Name from whence the Poets and after those the Philosophers derive the Fiction of a Chimaera whereby they understand a meer Creature of the Imagination compos'd of such Contradictions and absurdities in Relation to one another as cannot possibly be any where united into a being only in Thought But what Occasion our Mountain gives for such a Whimsey the Mythologists are put to others to invent Chiâ—tu one of the Principal Cities in China the Capital of the Province of Suchyen on the Borders of West Tartary between the Mountains and the River Kiam in Long. 131. 40. Lat. 30. 40. Chin A famous Lake in the Province of Junnan in China occasion'd by the total swallowing up of a great City which formerly stood in the place by an Earthquake China is a vast Kingdom in the East of Asia bounded on the North by the Kingdoms of Tangut and Niathan or Cambalu from which it is separated in part by Mountains and in part by a Wall 500. Leagues long on the West it has India extra Gangem from which it is parted by the Lake of Cincujay and a long Ridge of Mountains on the South and East it is surrounded by the Chinese and Indian Ocean Since the year 1630. the Tartars have conquer'd this once most Potent Kingdom This is a vast populous civil fruitful Countrey and for Learning and Mechanick Arts to be preferred before all the Pagan People in the World They are very ingenious at Geometry Arithmetick Astronomy and Physick and since Confusius the Socrates of China brought that Faculty into repute with them in Moral Philosophy also Some maintain the Arts of Printing Gunnery and the Magnet were first invented here Their Language for the most part consists of Monosyllables written downwards in Characters expressing entire words and things like the Egyptian Hieroglyphicks without Letters the Rules by which they are understood may be seen in the China illustrata of Kircher Ptolomy calls this Kingdom Sinarum regio It is watered by the great Rivers Kiang and Hoan And stands divided into fifteen Provinces six under the Division of Catay and nine under the Division of Mangin which are incredibly populous and rich with Mines of Gold Silver and precious Stones In every great Town there is a College for to teach the Philosophy of Confusius And you have a perfect Catalogue of their Emperors from the year 2952. before Christ to the present Lord of the Vniverse and Son of Heaven as they call him Chinca a large and beautiful Valley in the Diocese of Lima in Peru discovered by Pizarro whose Government by Order from the King of Spain was limited by the River S. Jago to the North and this Valley to the South It yields plenty of Corn and Wine Chinkiang a well built and populous City of the Province of Nanking in China with a Territory of the same Name whereof it is the Capital having Jurisdiction over two other Cities The Physicians of this place have the reputation of the best of that Faculty in all China Chinon a Town upon the Vienne in Touraine in France above four Leagues from the fall of that River into the Loyre and ten from Tours to the South-West It was here that the famous Maid of Orleans first came and offered her service to Charles VII of France in 1429. And for the Situation of it it is thought to be of that importance as to deserve a Garrison in the Castle Chintin a City in the Province of Pekin in the North of China having a Command over one and thirty Cities Chintu a great City and Territory comprehending nine and twenty other Cities in the Province of Suchuen in China See Chimtu Chinyven a Town in the Province of Junnan in China situated in a Country that is rich in Silver Mines The Fort called Loko belongs to the Government of this Town § A second in the Province of Quiechen in the same Kingdom with a Territory called also Chinyven having Jurisdiction over five Cities Chio an Island of the Archipelago over against Smyrna not above twelve Leagues from the nearest Coast of Asia call'd by the Turks Sakisadasi that is the Isle of Mastick It belonged to the Family of the Justiniani of Genoua heretofore but in 1566. conquered by the Turks under whom it now is It is about eighty Miles in Circuit very fruitful and populous and inhabited for the most part by Christians who live here with greater liberty and kinder usage than in any other part of Turkey The Men are proud ignorant lazy and ugly but the Women are beautiful Thevenot In the Eastern part of the Isle stands the City Chio which has had the
very Noble Palace of the Electors two large Wings of which and the Front with five Pavilions stand towards the River In the German Wars the Spaniards put a Garrison into this Town which was beaten out by the Sâ—edes and when the French had in later times wheedled the Elector out of his strong Castle the Emperour's Forces seized upon the Elector Philippus Christophâ—rus and carried him away to Vienna In â—60 â—â—nder Charles the Bald here was a Council or Diet held â— and in 922. another under Henry II. The Marquis de Bousâ—â—erâ— came before it in November 1688. with seven or eight thousand French but retired with the satisfaction only of having shot into it â—â— great â—â— any Bombs Coblentz a Village in Switzerland upon the Rhine where the Arola Aâ—r fallâ— into it in the Borders of Schuâ—â—â—â—n seven Miles from Basll to the West Cobourg Melocatus a small Town in Fraâ—coâ—â—a upon the River Itsch in the County of Henneberg and in the Borders of Thiâ—â—ingen under the Dukes of Saxony which has also a fine Castle It stands 8 Miles from Smaleald to the South-East and 5 from Bamberg to the North. Cocas Cochias Caucasus a Mountain in Asia Cocco Laus a River of Calabria Cochin Cochinum a City of the East-Indies near the Promontory of Malabar called by the Portuguese Cochim by the Italians Cochino the Capital of a Kingdom of that Name and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Goa It has a large Haven and Fort called S. James's Fort built by the Portuguese in 1503. The Country is very well watered and fruitful antiently called Colchi as some think but however the Portuguese were Masters of it ever since they built that Fort till 1663 when the Hollunders took it from them The Kings of this City have always born a great Kindness for the Portuguese And when at first the King of Calecut would have destroyed them he took part with them against him and protected them and when the Hollanders had beaten them out the present King refused to be Crowned in the usual Place till the Portuguese were restored to it This City stands 36 Leagues from Calecut to the South and is watered by a fine River The Country about it yields much Pepper Those they call the Christians of S. Thomas have the Liberty of their Religion here using an Office of the Chaldean Language Long. 105. 00. Lat. 10 00. There is another Town of the same Name in the Island of Lemnia but now ruin'd Cochin-China call'd by the Inhabitants Cachucyna and by the Portuguese Cauchin-China or Couchin-China is the most Easterly Kingdom in the East-Indies on the Continent bounded on the North by the Kingdom of Tungking on the West by a People called Kemis and its own Desarts on the South by Tsiompa or Ciampa and on the East it has a vast Bay of the Ocean call'd after its own Name the Gulph or Bay of Cochin-China opposite to the Isle of Hainan Alexander de Rhodes a French â—esuit has lately given a large Account of this Country which is subject to a King of its own and stands divided into siâ— Provinces each under a subordinate Governour Cockermouth a Market-Town in the County of Cumberland situated upon the River Cocker near its fall into the Derwent by which two Rivers it is almost surrounded About 8 Miles from the Sea with a Castle upon one of the Hills adjoining to it Cocytus the antient Name of two Rivers the one in the Kingdom of Epirus the other near the Lake of Averno in Italy The Poets call one of their four fictitious Rivers of Hell by this Name Coclosyria the Region betwixt the Mountains Libanus and Antilibanus in Asia in which the River Orontes springeth Coesfield a small but strong City of Westphalia upon the River Berkel about 5 German Miles from Munster to the North. The Bishop of Munster doth often relide in this Place Coetquen or Coesquen a Town and Castle in Brittany near Dinanâ— which gives name to a Family of Honor. Henry III. advanc'd it to the Dignity of a Marqinsate in 1575. Coeworden Coevorden Baduhennae Lucâ—s Covordia is a very strong and fortified Town in the Provâ—â—â—e of Overyssel in the Low-Countries the principal Town of Drenâ—e standing in the Marshes near the Borders of the Bishoprick of Munster who has formerly possessed it but it is now in the Hands of the Duâ—oh it lies about a Mile from the River Veâ—â—t Vidruâ— and two from Hardenberg to the South-East It was often taken and retaken in the Civil Wars of the Low-Countries Coggeshal a Market-Town in Essex in the Hundred of Lexden Cognac Conâ—cuin Campiniacâ—m a Town in the Dukedom of Angoumoâ—s in France upon the River Charaâ—te betwixt Jarnaâ— and Xâ—â—ntes It stands in a fine fruitful Soil for Wine especially Francis I. King of France being born here built it a Fortress In the Year 1238. there was a Council held at it In the Civil Wars of France it was taken and retaken Nevertheless accounted a place of Strength Cogni Iconium a City of Cappadocia in the Lesser Asia which is now great and well peopled the See of an Archbishop under the Patriarch of Constantinople the Capital of Carmania and the Seat of a Turkish Bassa Still made more famous in 1658. by a Victory obtain'd against a Bassa Rebel It lies over against the Western Cape of Cyprus about 30 German Miles from the shoars of the Mediterranean Sea In the Year 256. a famous Council of the Bishops of Cappadocia Galatia Cilicia and the neighbouring Provinces was held here declaring the Baptism of Hereticks null an Opinion which occasioned great and long Dissentions afterwards amongst Christians Cogoreto a small Town upon the Coast of Genoua where Christopher Columbo the Discoverer of the New World was born It lies 10 Miles East of Savona and is under the Republick of Genoua Cohan Albanus a River of Albania Coimbra Commbrica a City of Portugal mentioned by Antoninus but now destroy'd There is another call'd by that Name in the Province of Beira which sprung out of the Ruines of the former It is built upon a Rock and therefore sometimes called Aeminium upon the River Munda now Mendego 32 Leagues from Lisbon to the North and is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Braga In 1550. John III. King of Portugal removed hither the University which had been settled before at Lisbon Seven Kings of Portugal were born and three died here It has the Honor also to bear the Title of a Dukedom Coire Chur Choira the capital City of the Country of the Grisons upon the River Plessur a little below the Rhine between Chiavenne Glaris and Appenzel The Grisons ordinarily hold their Diets at it Though the inhabitants profess the Opinions of Zuinglius yet they allow a Toleration to a few Roman Catholicks under a Bishop residing at Marsoila but taking his Title from hence who is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Mentz and has the Honor to be a
are its principal Commodities See Senega La Ielle Gala a small River of France which falls into the Guaronne Iamagorod Jama a strong Castle anciently belonging to the Russ and accounted the Key of that Kingdom but in 1617 resigned to the Swedes It is seated on a River called Iamische Reck three German Miles from Narva in Livonia See Narva Iamaica a very great Island in North America first discovered by Columbus and called thus in Honor of S. James It was found out by him in his second Voyage to America whilst he sailed about Cuba In his third Voyage he suffered Shipwrack upon it and the Spaniards ungratefully designed to have suffered him to perish out of pure envy but he found the Natives more kind than they Whereupon he landed and fell to Plant it building the Town of Metilla which they deserted soon after and built Sevil ten Leagues more West In 1509 the Natives rebelled against Didacus the Son of Columbus but were subdued In 1590 the Spaniards built S. Jago and deserted Sevil. In 1638 one Jackson an English Man with a Fleet of English Privateers surprized and plundered S. Jago then left it to the Spaniards again The time being come when the Spaniards were to pay for their Ingratitude to Columbus and their Cruelty to the Natives some Millions of which they had barbarously murdered the English under Penn and Venables Landed here about twenty thousand strong being mostly necessitous Persons who had been undone by our then Tyrant and the Times May 3. 1655. The Spaniards unable to resist so great a force retired into the Woods and Fastnesses hoping to retrieve what they thus left by a Treaty but it proved otherwise For part of the English fell to Plant the rest to Privateer upon the Spaniards by which they got Wealth and the Fame of this so increased that many going over to them it became in a few years a very powerful Colony now able alone to manage a War against all the Forces the Spaniards have in the West-Indies This Island is situate between seventeen and eighteen degrees of North Lat. within the Tropicks in the Mare del Nort one hundred and forty Leagues North of the Main Continent of America fifteen South from Cuba twenty West from Hispaniola and one hundred and forty from Carthagena Nova It is of an Oval Form one hundred and seventy Miles long seventy in breadth and contains four or five Millions of Acres Nine hundred thousand of which were Planted in 1675. In the middle there is a lofty Chain of Mountains which run the whole length of the Isle from East to West from which spring plenty of pleasant and useful Rivers to the great refreshment and convenience of the Inhabitants It has a very rich fat Soil black and mixed with Clay except in the South-West Parts where it is generally a more loose Earth it every where answers the Planter's Care and Cost The Air is always serene and clear the Earth in her Summer Livery here being a perpetual Spring It has frequent Showers of Rain constant cooling Breezes of Wind from the East the Dews in the Night quicken the Growth of what is Planted so that it is the most delightful temperate healthful pleasant Island of all those in the West-Indies and will be extremely considerable when it comes to be thorowly Peopled The principal Towns in it are Port Royal built by the English S. Jago and Sevilla The Earl of Inchequin and the Duke of Albemarle two late Governours both of them here died Iamaistero or Jamaisoit a very large County in the West Part of the Island of Nivon or Niphonia belonging to Japan under which are ordinarily computed twelve Provinces or Kingdoms Iamama a City of Arabia Foelix upon the River Astan which falls into the Mouth of the Euphrates and Tigris about thirty German Miles South of Balsera Jamama stands towards the Borders of Arabia deserta two hundred and fifty Miles from the Persian Gulph to the West and seventy German Miles from Balsera to the South-West Long. 77. 30. Lat. 27. 00. Iamba a Province under the Great Mogul towards the River Ganges between Patna to the East Naugracut to the North Lahor to the West and Bakar to the South the City of Jamba from which it takes its Name stands eighty Miles from Ganges to the East towards Lahor Iamby or Jambis a Sea-Port Town and a Kingdom of no great extent in the Island of Sumatra towards the Eastern Part of it The Town stands towards Palimban within five or six Miles of the Sea driving a notable Commerce Iambol Joannipolis a City in Bulgaria Iamboli Chalcis Chalcidica Regio a Province in the North of Macedonia between Thessalonica the Arm of the Sea which runs up to it the Archipelago and Thrace The chief Towns of which are Thessalonica Amphipolis and Contessa Iames Bay a Bay in Virginia Iames Town Jacobipolis the principal City or Town in Virginia upon the River Pawhatan near its fall into the North Sea begun by the English about 1607 and honoured with this Name from King James I. § Another in the Country of Letrim in the Province of Connaught in Ireland so called from King James I. its Founder upon the Shannon well Walled but almost wholly ruined as to its Buildings in the Wars against King Charles the First and Second Iam-suqueam or Nanquin a River of China Iametz a strong place in Lorain yielded to the French King in 1632. It stands upon a little River in the Confines of the Province of Luxemburgh between Monmedy to the North and Damvillers to the South thirteen Miles from Metz to the West now dismantled Iancoma a Kingdom in the East-Indies beyond the Ganges under the King of Pegu it stands between the Rivers Mecon to the East and Menan to the West Ianeiro or Rio de Janaira a River the same with Ganabara in Brasil see Ganabara It gives its Name to a Province under the Portuguese in that Country whereof S. Sebastian is the Capital Ianiculus mons a Hill or Mountain beyond the Tiber in the vicinage of Rome yielding by its eminence an excellent prospect of that City and famous in History for the Sepulchre of King Numa Pompilius the encampment of Porsenna King of Etruria upon it whil'st he besieg'd Rome and for the Martyrdom of S. Peter Now call'd Montorio because its earth is of the colour of Gold Ianna a part of Greece some say Epirus others Thessalia Ianinnina Cassiope a City of Epirus Iannizari Promontorium Sigeium a Cape at the entrance of the Streights of Gallipoli or the Hellespont in Asia within half a League whereof the Rivers Scamander and Simois in an United Stream discharge themselves into the Ocean The Greeks wholly inhabit a plentiful Village upon it call'd by them Troyasis or Little Troy but by the Turks Giaour-kioy or the Village of Infidels this being the best Name the Turks give to Christian places where there are no Mosques The delightful Country of Troas is
thirty Miles from the Confines of the Kingdom of Poland to the South fifty from Soczow to the East and a hundred and twenty from Caminieck to the North-East It is not improbable this is the Augusta Dacâ—â— but the later Geographers are very much mistaken in placing it in Moldavia when it belongs to Walachia The Vaivode or Prince of these Countries for the most part resides here having suffered much from the Cossacks of later times the Turks maintained a strong Garrison in it The present King of Poland in 1686. marching this way against the Turks and Tartars possessed himself of it leaving a Garrison but before his return there happened so great a Fire that when he came he was forced to withdraw his Forces and leave it to the Walachians to be repaired Jati Bathis a River on the West of Sicily which falls into the Bay or Gulph of Amar on the North side twenty five Miles South of Palermo Java a great Island in the East-Indian Sea two hundred Leagues in length and near fifty in breadth On the West it has Sumatra on the East some other small Isles on the South the vast Ocean plays full upon it and on the North it has the Island of Borneo at the distance of forty five German Miles It is divided into nine Kingdoms the greatest of which is the Kingdom of Bantam and next the Kingdom of Materan The whole Island produceth great quantities of Spice and is on that account much frequented by the English and Dutch The Dutch had heretofore the Fort or City of Batavia in this Island not contented with this about 1684. joining with a Son of the King of Bantam then in Rebellion against his Father upon pretence of assisting him they seized the City of Bantam took Possession of the English Factory and all the Goods belonging to the English and kept the old King a Prisoner in the Castle of Bantam But finding there were several Attempts to restore him to his former Possession in 1686. the young King by the Advice of the Dutch removed his Captive Father to Batavia See Batavia The principal Cities of this Island are Balambuan Bantam Batavia or Jacatra Japara Jortan Materan once the Capital of the whole Panarucan Passarvan Saraboy and Tuban The Southern parts were never yet much sought into and so not much known It lies between 130 and 140 Long and 5 and 10 of Southern Lat. § There is another Island near this called the Lesser Java Jaur Jauriu a small River in Languedoc which riseth near S. Ponthois and falls into the Orba near the Castle of Pujols Javarin Jaurinum See Gewer and Raab Jawer Jauria a City of Silesia in Bohemia small but indifferently populous and the Capital of a Dukedom and has also an ancient Castle it lies not two Miles from Lignitz to the South and about nine from Breslaw to the West The Dukedom of Jawer lies between Lusatia to the West Bohema properly so called to the South the Dukedom of Lignitz to the North and that of Swyednitz to the East Jayck Rhymnus a River of the Asian Tartary which falls into the Caspian Sea between the Rha and Jaxartes Olearius placeth it in the middle of the North end of that Sea Jaziges by Ovid styled Jaziges acres and by the Writers of the middle Ages Jaziges Metanastes were an antient People of Sarmatia Europaea who being almost entirely exterminated thence by Boleslaüs the Chast King of Poland and Lescus in the years 1264 and 1282. retired in great numbers into the Vpper Hungary Jazzo See Laiazzo Jberia an antient Name of the Kingdom of Spain in Pliny and Strabo taken from the River Iberus Ebro § Likewise of a part of Georgia in Asia now called Gagheti See Georgia Jcaria a Mountain of Attica in Greece in the antient Tribe of Aegeus Jda a Mountain of Troas in Asia Minor at the foot of which stood the famous City Troy Athenaeus says nine Rivers derived their Springs from it Therefore Horace stiles it Ida undosa And Diodorus makes it to be the highest in the Neighbourhood of the Hellespont Hence the Idaeus sinus took its Name which was otherwise called Andramyttenus sinus and now le Golfe Andramytti § A Mountain also of the Island of Candia environed with Forests and inhabited heretofore by the People Dactyli Idaei Jdanhas Igaeaita a ruined City in Portugal Jddle or Iddel a River in the County of Nottingham upon which Redford is situated emptying it self Northward into the River Dun. Idafa a Branch of Mount Imaus Jdria a Town in the County of Goritia incompassed with Hills on all sides and seated upon a River of the same name Remarkable for the Quick-Silver Mines in it See Dr. Brown's Travels p. 82 83. It stands ten Miles from Goritia to the North-West Jducal Atlas Major a vast Mountain on the South of Barbary in Africa Jdumaea Edom the Country of the Edomites mentioned frequently in Scripture was a Kingdom of the antient Canaan betwixt Judaea properly so called the Stony Arabia and the Mediterranean Sea It s principal Cities Dinhabah Avith Pai Rehoboth 1 Chron. 1. 43. c. where see the list of the Kings and Dukes of Edom before the time of the beginning of the Israelitish Monarchy David afterwards conquered and garrisoned it 2 Sam. 8. 14. But in the Reign of Jehoram King of Judah the Edomites revolted and made themselves a King 2 Chron. 21. 8. 10. and joyned with the Chaldaeans under Nebuchadonezar in the Siege of Jerusalem Hyrcanus in the Ages following made War against them so effectually that he caused them to turn Jews They were of the Descendants of Esau Jefferkin Capernaum a City in Palestine Jehan-Abad See Delly Jempterlandt Jemptia a Province in the Kingdom of Sweden which has Angerman to the East Middlepad to the South Helsing to the West and Norway to the North. It belonged to the King of Denmark till 1645 and then by the Treaty of Bromsbroo was resigned to the Swedes There are three Castles but never a City in it Jena a small City in Hassia in Germany upon the River Saal over which it has a Bridge under the Duke of Saxon Weimar two German Miles from Weimar to the East nine from Leipsick to the North-East and three from Naumburg to the South It has a small University opened here in 1555 by the Dukes of Saxony and a Monastery of the Dominicans founded in 1286. The Valley about it yields plenty of Wine Jende or Pajende Jendus a Lake in the Province of Tavasthia in Finland Jendo Jedo or Yendo the capital City of the Empire of Japan in the Island of Niphonia at which the Emperor since his leaving Meaco keeps his Court. A vast and magnificent City upon the Banks of the River Tonkaw or Toukon and near a great Gulph yielding variety of Fish The Palace Royal is a work of state the Temples and the Palaces of the Nobility attract the admiration of Strangers There is one Street
by the Sacred Writers It was seated upon a Mountain in the Tribe of Ephraim built by Omri King of Israel as is recorded 1 Kings 16. about the year of the World 3112 or as others 3â—19 and becoming from thenceforward the Royal City of that Kingdom it became one of the greatest strongest and most populous as well as most beautiful Cities of the East Benhadad King of Syria besieg'd it first about 3146. with a vast Army and reduced it to great Extremities it was then delivered by a Miracle Salmanazar King of Assyria was the next that attempted it and took it after a Siege of three years in 3314. He carried the Israelites into Captivity and peopled it with a new Colony composed of divers Nations and Religions who were the implacable Enemies of the Jewish Nation especially after the building of a Temple in Samaria after the manner of that of Jerusalem about the times of Nehemiah by one of the Sons of Joida the High Priest who had married a Daughter of Sanballat the Horonite Governour of Samaria under Darius King of Persia for whom his Father-in-law built a Temple on Mount Gerizim Hyrcanius the High Priest of the Jews about the year of the World 3941. took and intirely ruined this City which lay desolate till Herod the Great rebuilt it about 4033. and called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Honour of Augustus The Temple of Samaria was standing in our Saviour's time as appears in S. John's Gospel after our Saviour's Passion this City received the Christian Faith by the Preaching of Philip the Evangelist about the year of Christ 35. Simon the Father of Heresie was one of these new Converts and the Founder of the Gnosticks About 42. Herod Agrippa obtained this City as an Addition to his Kingdom from Caligula In the first ruin of the Jewish Nation under Vespasian this Nation and City had no great share of the Calamity because I suppose they sided with the Romans in this first Revolution against the Jews But in the second under Adrian the Emperour they acted otherwise and about the year of Christ 135. were together with the Jews extirpated by the Arms of that Prince This City has ever since lain buried in its Ruins though there are some few remainders of the Samaritan Nation to this day in Palestine and Grand Cairo where they keep their Synagogues and their ancient Sacrifices Especially at Sichem now called Naplouse in Palestine the residence of their High Priest who pretends to be of the Race of Aaron But following Laws and Rites different from those of the Pentateuch they have nevertheless the esteem of Hereticks amongst the Jews The Samaritans of Mount Gerizim were mortal enemies to the ancient Christians there till the Emperour Justianian took and burnt their King Julian and curbed them from time to time by very severe Edicts See Gerizim It stood thirty five Miles from Jerusalem to the North. Long. 66. 40. Lat. 31. 30. or as Mr. Fuller saith Long. 69. 10. Lat. 32. 30. Sambales the little Islands near the Peninsula of Jucatan in New Spain in America where good Amber-Greese is fished up with great dexterity by the Indians Sambas Sambasum a City on the North side of the Island of Borneo in the East-Indies which has an Harbour upon the Ocean though it lies thirty Miles from the Shoar up into the Land Sambia a Province of Prussia called by the Poles Szamlandt one of those twelve Counties into which Prussia was divided by Venodotius one of its Princes in 733. § Also a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gâ—â—sna whose Seat was at Coningsperg but now united with the Bishoprick of Ermeland or Warmerland It lies between the Bay of Curland to the North the River Pregel to the South and was a part of the Circle of Natingen now under the Duke of Brandenburg Sambre Sabis Saba a River of the Low-Countries which aâ—iseth in Picardy and soon after entring Hainault divides it watring Landrecy Berlamont and Maubeuge It passeth by Charleroy to Namur the Capital of the Province and there falls into the Maes Samnites an ancient and powerful people of Italy who inhabited the Countries now contained in the Terra di Lavoro the Capitanata the Abruzzo the Dukedom of Benevento c. and made War with the Romans a long time before they could be entirely reduced Samo Samos Parthenia Cyparissa an Island belonging to the Lesser Asia in the Ionian Sea near Ionia as being but five Miles from the nearest Shoar of Ephesus and sixty from Chius now Sio to the South It is about eighty in compass It has a City on the East side which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus so poor that it will scarce find its Bishop Bread yet is this Island so fruitful that almost nothing can be planted which the Earth will not bring to maturity The Wines of it are exceeding pleasant but for want of a Trade and encouragement the Inhabitants plant little more than they use The Inhabitants were so powerful in ancient times that they managed a prosperous War against the Ephesians and afterwards against the Athenians and Milesians about the year of Rome 313. and the eighty fourth Olympiad till Pericles about the year of the World 3510. reduced them Upon his departure they reassumed their Liberty and forced him to besiege their City nine Months before he could take it to invent the Battering Ram and several other Engines for that purpose and even after this they sustained some other Wars Their greatest Glory was Pythagoras the Father of Philosophy Juno was their principal Patroness and Goddess in whose honour there was a famous Temple erected by them This Island once so powerful rich and populous is by the Turks who are Masters of it reduced to that mean and depopulated condition that a few Pyrates dare land and plunder it as they please So that ever since 1676. no Turk durst venture to live upon it lest he should be carried into Captivity by these Rovers as four of them were then by Monsieur Crevellier a famous Privateer Samogithia a Province of the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Samodzka-Zembla by the Poles Samudska-Ziemia by the Germans Samaiten by the French Samogitie It is a very large Province bounded on the North by Curland on the East by Lithuania on the South by Prussia Ducalis and on the West by the Baltick Sea its length from East to West is thirty five German Miles but not of equal breadth The principal Towns in it are Midniky or Womie Kowno and Rossienie which last is the Capital of this Province It was anciently divided into twelve Counties now into three and overspread with dark thick Woods Yet it is a Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Gnesna the Bishop having his Residence at Womie and this Province is very often included in Lithuania largely taken the Fortunes of which it has always followed Samoiede or Samoyedes Samoieda a Province in the North-East of Muscovy upon
The Poles after many other fruitless attempts recovered it again under Sigismund III. in 1611. after a Siege of two years The Russ besieged it in 1616. and in 1633. to their great loss Being the last time after a years besieging of it defeated by Vladislaus IV. King of Poland who obtained from the Pope the settlement of a Bishops See in it In 1654. it was taken by them October 13. under whom it now is and by a Treaty in 1656. yielded to the Russ It lies one hundred and fifty Polish Miles from Vilna to the East and the same distance from Kiovia to the North. Smyrna a City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia of great Antiquity as laying claim to the Birth of Homer The Turks call it Ismyrna It is an Archbishops See great rich and populous the Seat of a Turkish Sangiack built partly on an Hill partly in a Plain in the form of an Amphiatheâ—re upon the River Mele having a large and secure Haven upon a Gulph of the Archipelago to which it gives name very much frequented by the English and Dutch Merchants to whom alone the present Greatness and Wealth of it is owing The ancient Greeks and Persians went often to War about it Taken by the Venetians in 1344. from the Turks and not retaken till 1428. This was one of the Seven Churches mentioned in the Revelations and almost the only one that is in a tolerable condition See Mr. Wheeler's Travels pag. 240. Long. 55. 30. Lat. 39. 28. An Earthquake and a Fire conspired the same day to do mischief to this City June 13. 1688. They reckon in it besides the Northern Merchants about sixteen thousand Turks fifteen thousand Greeks eight thousand Armenians six or seven thousand Jews The Turks have fifteen Mosques for their Religion the Jews seven Synagogues the Latin Christians three Churches the Greeks two and the Armenians one There is a Convent of French Capuchines with some French Jesuits and Italian Cordelieres Each foreign Nation keeps a Consul here for Commerce which consists in Persian Silks Turkey Leather Camelets Tapistry c. Some curious Ruins of its ancient Magnificent Buildings are yet extant of which and of its Noble Statues many have been thence transported by the English It was heretofore much greater than now The Summer Season would be insupportably hot but for a refreshing Air from the Sea which rises ordinarily about ten in the Morning and blows till Night Provisions are cheap in it The Turks govern it not by a Bassa but a Cady a Civil Officer who uses the Christians obligir gly Snath a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Osgodcross adjoined by the Tract of Marshland Snetham or Snetsham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk and the Hundred of Smethden seated upon a Rivulet not far from the Sea Soana Suana a small City in the Territory of Siena which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Siena It stands upon a very high Hill near the River La Flore in the Borders of the States of the Chürch forty eight Miles from Siena to the North-East In a declining State and wasted almost to a Village Long. 34. 46. Lat. 42. 11. Pope Gregory VII was born here In 1626. a Synod was held here also Sobrarbe a Tract in Arragon towards the Pyrenean Hills and Catalonia Honoured formerly with the Title of a Kingdom Soconusco a Province in New Spain in South America lying along the Pacifick Ocean Soczow See Suchzow Sodom the Capital of the five miserable Cities of the Plain in Palestine called in one name Pentapolis whose destruction by Fire from Heaven according to the History of the Old Testament Gen. 19 or by an Earthquake vomiting forth a Lake of Subterraneous Sulphur and Brimstone according to Strabo who advances the number of these Cities to thirteen became a Proverb to the World Sodore Sodera an ancient decayed City in the Island of Cholmkill on the West of Scotland and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Glasco in which place there are interred forty eight Kings of Scotland four Kings of Ireland and eight Kings of Norway The Abbey here was built by S. Columbus the Great Apostle of the Northern Nations and from this place the Bishop of the Isle of Man is stiled Sodorensis in Latin Soest Susatum a City in the Circle of Westphalia in Germany in the County of Mark called by the French Soust Once an Imperial Free City but now subject to the Elector of Brandenburg as Earl of Mark Taken by the French in 1673. and afterwards deserted This City in more ancient times was granted by Frederick I. to the Archbishop of Cologne but being too much oppressed by them it put it self under the Protection of the Counts of Mark and this in time turned to a Sovereignty but it has some remains of its ancient Liberty It stands seven German Miles from Paderborne West and Munster South and four from Ham to the East Sofala Zofala a Kingdom in the Lower Aethiopia in Africa in the Country of Cafraria towards the Ethiopick Ocean in an Island in the Mouth of the River Zambez in the Borders of Zanguebaria which takes its name from Sofala a strong City under the Portuguese one hundred and fifty Miles from Zanguebar and three hundred and forty from Mosambique Fifty Miles West of this City there are rich Mines of Gold called the Mines of Manica from which the Portuguese raise a vast Revenue Some have therefore believed Sophala to be the Ophir of King Solomon confirming their conjecture by the Septuagint's Translation of Ophir into 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which by an ordinary change of r into l makes Zopheila or Sofala together with this that the people of Sofala pretend to prove from their own Books that the Jews in Solomon's time voyaged to those Coasts from three year to three year to buy Gold and the Country shews several Buildings and ancient Inscriptions in unknown Characters which must be understood to be the Works of Strangers See Ophir The Portuguese call the King of Monomotapa the Emperour of Gold from these and other Mines in his Dominions For Sofala is contained in Monomotapa Sofia Sophia the Capital City of Bulgaria called by the Turks Triadizza which is an Archbishops See anciently called Sardica seated upon the River Boiana at an equal distance from the Borders of Thrace East Servia West and Macedonia South being now a great populous City and the Seat of the Turkish Governour but it has no Walls nor other Fortifications Hoffman calls the River Ciabrum In this place was the greatest General Council of the Ancients held that ever met in 347. In which the Nicene Council by the Arts of Constantius was condemned It stands three hundred Miles from Constantinople to the West one hundred from Thessalonica to the North and two hundred and fifty from Belgrade to the South in the Road to Constantinople Long. 51. 00. Lat. 42. 43. Sogdiana a large
years last past Conquered the Kingdom of China and is one of the greatest Princes in the World His Dominions extending from Cochin China to the River Obb North-West and South-East There is lately published a short Account of these Tartars in two Letters written by a Chinian Jesuit who travelled with this King into Tartary Tenedos a small Island of sixteen Miles in Compass five from the Shores of Asia twenty five from the Island Metelino to the North in the Archipelago and eighteen from the Dardanels to the South called by the Turks Bosh Adasi the Barren Island yet it affords excellent Muscadine Wine Plenty of Game and is well situated to bridle the Streights of Gallipoli It has a City two Castles and an Harbor for small Vessels and being taken by the Venetians with whom the Genouese disputed the possession of it a long time was betrayed to the Turks by their Governor In the time of Troy which stood within two Leagues of it this Island was consecrated to Apollo and the Graecian Navy seigning a Despair to take that City retired hither to disguise their design It became since Christianity a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mitelene The Promontorium Sigaeum or Cape Janizzari lies near it Teneriffa one of the Canary or Azores Islands in the Atlantick Ocean over against Mauritania in Barbary called by the Natives Theneriffe It is about forty eight Spanish Leagues in Circumference Fruitful populous rich and has been subject to the Spaniards ever since 1496. The Ancients called this Nivaria as is supposed because the top of its Point or Peak which is thought the highest in the World and very sharp is rarely without Snow This Peak is said to be fifteen Miles high and may be seen one hundred and twenty English Miles at Sea The principal Towns in it are Laguna and S. Croce To which belongs an excellent Haven Blake and English Admiral April 20 in 1657 notwithstanding a Castle seven Forts sixteen great Galeons all well man'd and provided with Cannon and Ammunition which threatned his inevitable Ruine entred this Harbor and in six hours time beat the Spaniards out of their Ships and Forts too He put the English in possession of the vast Treasure of a West India Fleet which they plundered and burnt all those Spanish Ships they found This Island is no less remarkable for having been made the first Meridian by many of the latter Geographers § The Spaniards have given the same Name to a Town in the Province called Terra firma in South America standing near the Confluence of the Rivers S. Magdalena and S. Martha Tenez a City and Kingdom towards the Coasts of the Mediterranean and West of the Kingdom of Algiers in Barbary Tengchieu a City in the Province of Xantum in China which stands upon the Chiman Ocean on the Bay of Nanquin and is very strongly fortified Long. 149. 00. Lat. 37. 00. Teno Tenos Tine an Island in the Archipelago under the Venetians who have been Masters of it above these three hundred years It is a Latin Bishops See and but few Greeks live here In Pagan times it was famous for a Temple consecrated to Neptune It produceth Wine Figs and Silk Hath a Fortress and a City of its own Name Teno but Hydrusia and Ophiusa were the first and ancientest Names of this Island Tenterden a Market Town in the County of Kent in Scray Lath. Tentyra an Island and City in the Nile in the Kingdom of Egypt mentioned by Juvenal Teos an Ancient City of Ionia in the Lesser Asia which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesus Ter. See Tech. Teramo Aprutium a City of the Further Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See Terassa the same with Tarsus Terbestan the Caspian See Tercera Tertiaria or Tertia the principal of the Azores Islands twenty five Miles from East to West but not of equal breadth about sixteen Leagues in circuit surrounded with Rocks which render it difficult of Access It lies forty Leagues from Teneriffe to the East The chief City of this and all the Azores is Angara which is a Bishops See and with Fort San Felippe under the Portuguese From this Island the Azores are sometimes called the Tercera Isles It is much subject to Farthquakes and has a Fountain particularly remarkable for a virtue to petrifie Wood. Tergowisch See Targovisto Terki Terchium the principal City of Circassia in Asia in a well watered Plain about one German Mile from the Caspian Sea to the West sixty from Astracan to the South and thirty six from Derbent to the North-West Long. 76. 30. Lat. 45. 05. This City being some years since put into the hands of the Duke of Moscovy has of late been carefully fortified as a Frontier against the Persians on that side Olearius assures us it stands in Lat. 43. 23 in a Plain which bounds the sight upon the River Temenski which issueth out of the Lake of Bustro and facilitates the Correspondence between the Town and the Caspian Sea The Town is fortified with Rampiers and Bastions of Earth and has a Garrison of two thousand Russ paid by the Great Duke Terlee a famous Abbey for Women of the Order of S. Bernard in the State of Holland founded by the ancient Earls of Holland a League and a half off Leyden but broken and ruined since the Reformation there Termini or Termuli Termulae Buca a City in the Capitanata in the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Benevento and stands upon the Adriatick Sea at the Mouth of the River Tiferno in the Borders of the Hither Abruzzo thirty Miles from Lanciano to the East § Also a Town in the Island of Sicily upon a River of its own Name risen out of the Ruines of the ancient City Himera and called in Latin Writers Terminus Himeriorum The River Termine bad the same ancient Name with the City Terna Torna a River which runs through Artois and falls into the Canche at Hesdin Ternate Ternata the chief of the sive Molucco Islands Now in the Hands of the Hollanders tho it has a King of its own who resides in the Town of Malay the Dutch have some Ports in this Island to secure its Possession There are two ports belonging to it The Island Tider lies within one League of it Terni Interamna an ancient Latin Colony and a City of Ombra in the States of the Church in Italy which is a Bishops See immediately under the Pope It stands in a Plain upon the River Nare twelve Miles from Spoleto to the South in the Road to Ancona and has many rare Antiquities to shew Ternois Ternensis Pagus a small Tract in Artois in the County of S. Paul which takes its Name from Terna Ternova Ternobum a City of Bulgaria mentioned by Gregoras and Calchondylas now the Residence of the Turkish Sangiack and anciently the Seat of the Despote It stands upon the River Jantra or Ischar near Mount
two and twenty Miles from Clermont to the West and fourteen from Limoges to the South Long. 22. 59. Lat. 45. 20. The Bishops are Lords and Viscounts of the City Tulujas Tulugiae a Castle in the County of Rousillon in Catalonia one League from Perpignan at which in 1050. the Council called Concilium Tulugiense was celebrated Tun a River in the County of Kent falling into the Medway Tunbridge stands upon it Tunbridge a Market Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath upon the River Tun. Much noted for its Mineral Wells Tunchang a City in the Province of Xanton in the Kingdom of China upon the River Inn in the Borders of Pechin Tunis Tunes Tunetum a City and Sea-Port on the Coast of Barbary upon the Mediterranean Sea now called by the Natives Tune by the Spaniards Tunez by the Italians Tunisi It is great strong and populous about five Miles in compass containing three hundred Mosques besides the grand one which is a Noble Structure twelve Christian Chappels eight Synagogues of the Jews twenty four Cells for Hermites one hundred and fifty Hott-Houses eighty six Schools nine Colleges maintained upon the Publick Expence sixty four Hospitals and about ten thousand Families The Venetians Genouese and others drive a great Trade with it It has two Walls a Palace Royal a Magazine of Merchandises a spacious Haven and Prisons for Christian Slaves too well known Seated in a Plain by the Lake Barbasueco nine Leagues from the Ruines of Carthage and from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea eighteen from Goletta at the bottom of a Bay to the West of the most Western Cape of Sicily Not far from this place Regulus the Roman Consul was defeated and taken by the Carthaginians In the Times of Christianity it was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Carthage In the year 1270 unsuccessfully besieged by Lewis IX King of France In the year 1535. taken by Charles V. In 1570. it returned under its former Kings who being since extinct it is governed like a Common-wealth under the Protection of the Turk but very infamous for Pyracies Long. 34. 53. Lat. 32. 10. The Country about it yields Olives Fruits Grain and Pasturage very well The Kingdom of Tunquin or Tonquin Tunchinum is bounded on the East and North by that of China on the South by Cochinchina and by the great Bay on the West by the Kingdom of Brama The Capital City of it is Kecio The King of this City is also Master of a part of the Province of Quansio He formerly paid Tribute to the Emperour of China Now Homage only by an Ambassadour by an Establishment in 1667. Of late years the Christian Religion has been preached with good success as is said by the Missionaries of the Church of Rome A Kingdom of great power and nigh as large as France situated in 20 deg of Lat. and 145. Long. Mostly under the Torrid Zone yet very fruitful and healthful and watered with above fifty Rivers Cochin China was formerly a Province of it now a Kingdom tributary to it It is said to contain about twenty thousand Towns and Cities The Sect of the Chinese Philosopher Confusius obtains much amongst the Tonquinese It became a separate Kingdom about seven hundred years ago Before which it depended as a Province upon the Empire of China Turcomania Armenia Major a vast Country in the Lesser Asia of old called Armenia It lies between Georgia to the North the rest of the Lesser Asia to the West Persia to the East and Diarbeck to the South This was the first Country the Turks possessed after they came out of Tartary being most probably descended from the Scythians that lay betwixt the Euxine and Caspian Seas under Tangrolipix about the year of Christ 1037. But the present Line was begun by Osman or Ottoman about the year 1290 who was a Husbandman or common Labourer and by his Valour raised this Family Bursa in Bithynia was the first Seat of their Empire afterwards Adrianople and then Constantinople Solyman the present Emperour of the Turks is the one and twentieth of this Line set up by the Army against Mahomet IV. his Brother out of a Discontent at his Misfortunes in the present War against the Christians November 9. 1687. Turenne Turena a Town in Limosin two Leagues from Courez and four from Tulles Turin Turino Augusta Taurinorum Tauriana Taurinum the Capital City of Piedmont in Lombardy called by the Italians Torino by the French Turin It is an Archbishops See and the Seat of the Duke of Savoy in a very fruitful and pleasant well watered Plain twenty Miles from the Alpes upon the River Po where it receives the Doria Adorned with a strong and beautiful Castle built by Emanuel Philbert Duke of Savoy in 1565. It has also an University opened here by Pope Benedict XIII in 1405. and the Courts of Justice for that Province are held in it The City is very strong and grows greater and more splendid yet in the year 1640. it was taken by the French Long. 29. 30. Lat. 43 50. The dispute betwixt the Bishops of Vienne and Arles for the Primacy was heard but not definitively decided by an ancient Council held here in 397. or 401. The Empire of the Turks containeth from East to West accounting from the Western Borders of the Kingdom of Algiers to the City Balsara upon the Persian Gulph the space of at least eight hundred Leagues From North to South that is from Caffa in the Taurica Chersonesus or rather from the City Tanais near the Lake of Moeotis to Aden on the Mouth of the Red Sea and the Streights of Babelmandel 7 hundred other Leagues which together make an Empire of the greatest Extent of any Seignior or Sovereign in these parts of the World and therefore the Emperor thereof bears the Title of the Grand Seignior He hath in Asia Natolia Syria Turcomannia Diarbech and the three Arabia's In Africa he hath the Kingdoms of Barca and Egypt and the States of Algiers Tunis and Tripoli are under his Protection In Europe his Dominion extends over Romelia Macedonia Albania Thrace most of the Islands of the Archipelago Sclavonia Servia Croatia Bulgaria and part of Hungary except what this present War hath dismembred from them when the Princes of Transylvania Moldavia and Walachia paid him also Tribute as the Republick of Ragusa also did and even the Crim Tartars recognize his Protection In the whole before the present War there were twenty five Governments in this Empire To wit Cairo in Egypt for Africa Aleppo Caramit Natolia Cogni Chars Damascus Van Mosul Suvas Bagdet Erzerum Trebizonde Tripoli c. in Asia In Europe Caffa Candia Cyprus Romelia Bosnia Temeswaer and Buda The beginning of this Empire was laid in the Greater Armenia about the year 1037. In 1290. the Ottoman Line took its rise See Turcomania whose Power over the Subject is come to be completely Absolute Arbitrary Despotical Tyrannical They pray by the Alcoran and
North to South thirty nine Miles from East to West twenty nine in circumference one hundred thirty nine containing three hundred and four Parishes and twenty three Market Towns amongst which Wilton its ancient Capital gives Name to it The Air very sweet temperate healthful the Soil fertile The North parts swell into fruitful and pleasant Hills diversisied with pleasant Rivers and large Woods The South are more level and watered with the Wily Adder and Avon the Isis Kennet and Deveril The middle is commonly called Salisbury Plains by reason of its great evenness which feeds vast numbers of excellent Sheep This Country was the Seat of the Belgae They being reduced by Vespasian it became afterward a part of the Kingdom of the West Saxons The principal City is Salisbury William Lord Scrope Lord Treasurer was the first Earl of this County in the year 1397. James Butler Earl of Ormond another Lord Treasurer in 1448. John Stafford second Son of Humphrey Duke of Buckingham was the third Earl in 1469. who had two Successors of the same Name Thomas Bullen Father of the Lady Anne Bullen Mother of Queen Elizabeth the sixth Earl in 1529. In 1550. William Paulet afterwards Marquess of Winchester was created Earl of Wiltshire by King Edward VI. whose Posterity in the fifth Descent now enjoy this Honour Wilton a Market Town in Wiltshire to which it gives Name betwixt the Rivers Willy by the North and Adder or Nadder to the South It was anciently the Capital City of the County a Bishops See and the Residence of several Bishops before the Translation of the See to Salisbury The loss whereof was a great occasion of the decay of this place It only retains the honour of being by two Members represented in Parliament The Sheriffs keep their monthly Courts here and the Knights of the Shire are usually elected at it Wimpfen Wimpina Vimpina a City of Germany in the Circle of Schwaben upon the Necker where it receives the River Jaxt two German Miles from Hailbrune to the North and five from Heidelburg to the East This though small is an Imperial Free City Wincaunton a Market Town in Somersetshire in the Hundred of Norton Ferris upon the side of a Hill Winchcomb a Market Town in Gloucestershire in the Hundred of Kistgate Winchelsey a Sea-Port Town in the East part of Sussex where it adjoins to Kent in Hastings Rape upon an Inlet of the Sea in the neighbourhood of Rye A Member of the Cinque Ports once a strong and a beautiful Town walled having eighteen Parish Churches but by the recess of the Ocean now much decayed and the Haven choaked up In the year 1250. the greatest part of this Town was destroyed by the Sea It consists now but of one Parish In 1628. Charles I. created Elizabeth Finch Viscount Maidstone Countess of Winchelsey to which Honour Thomas her Son succeeded in 1633. and Henneage her Grandchild in 1639. Winchester Venta Belgarum Vintonia Wintonia a City of Hampshire which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury upon the River Itching fifteen Miles from the British Sea to the North. It stands pleasantly in a Vale betwixt two Hills adorned with five Parish Churches a Noble Cathedral dedicated to the Trinity in which the Bones of divers of the Saxon Kings and Queens with two of the Danish Line of Kings and two of the Norman rest A fine Hall for the Assizes and Sessions where King Arthur's Round Table hangs as a Monument of Antiquity a College for the Education of Youth built and endowed by Will of Wickham the Founder of New College Oxon for a Seminary to the same College a Hospital an Episcopal Palace and a strong Castle upon a Hill The Welsh call this ancient City at this day Caer Cruent that is the White City because it stands upon a Chalk and the Latin Writers Wintonia In the Roman times it was one of the principal Cities of Britain In the Saxons days twice consumed and rebuilt being made the Seat of the West Saxon Kings which Family at last prevailed against all the rest The Bishops See was founded here in 660. by Kingil the first Christian King of the West Saxons It felt the fury of the Danes In the Norman times it kept up its Head but in the Reign of King Stephen it was sacked in the Wars betwixt the Empress Mand and him Edward III. to revive it made it the Mart for VVool and Cloth In our days saith Mr. Camden it is about a Mile and a half in compass reasonably well peopled The ancient Bishops of this See were reputed Earls of Southampton and pass by that Style in the New Statutes of the Garter made by King Henry VIII The present Bishop Dr. Mew is the seventy third Bishop The first Earl of Winchester was Saer de Quinsey in 1207. The second Roger de Quinsey in 1219. who died in 1264. The third Hugh de Spencer created in 1322. and beheaded in 1326. The fourth Lewis de Bruges in 1472. In 1551. VVilliam Pawlet Earl of VViltshire was created Marquess of VVinchester whose Posterity in the sixth Descent now enjoy it In the years 855. 975. 1021. 1070. 1076. 1129. 1142. English Councils were celebrated in this City The second under S. Dunstan The sixth in relation to King Stephen's Usurpation of the Lands of the Church Windaw Vinda Vindavia a City of Curland called by the Poles Kiess and by the Germans Windaw and Winda It has an Harbor at the Mouth of the River VVeta upon the Baltick Sea fifteen Polish Miles from Memel to the North and thirty from Riga to the West Winder or VVimander Meer a Lake dividing a part of Lancashire from the County of VVestmorland and extending about ten Miles in length and three or four in breadth full of Fish with a clear pebbly bottom Windham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Forehoe Windrush a River in Oxfordshire upon which VVitney stands and Burford near it Windsor Vindesorium a Castle upon the South side of the Thames in Berkshire upon an high Hill which rising by gentle degrees affords at the top a pleasant Prospect This Place was granted by Edward the Confessor to the Monks of Westminster and soon after by William the Conqueror recovered back to the Crown by an exchange for Wokendune and Ferings In this pleasant Place was Edw. III. born who afterward built that Noble Castle which has since been the delightful Retreat of the Kings of England from the Cares of Government and the Crowds of Men. In the same place that Victorious Prince instituted the most Noble Order of the GARTER The Ceremony whereof hath been usually since celebrated here upon S. George's Day Out of the Castle sprung the Town and that in Buckinghamshire not in Barkshire it being on the North side of the River and joined to the Castle by a Timber Bridge In the Church of this Castle lie buried two of our Kings of the most distant Fortunes