briton_n wherein_o as_o some_o do_v write_v mervyn_n vrych_n king_n of_o the_o briton_n be_v slay_v leave_v behind_o he_o a_o son_n call_v rodri_n mawr_z that_o be_v to_o say_v roderike_n the_o great_a roderike_n the_o great_a roderike_n the_o great_a son_n to_o mervyn_n and_o esylht_n the_o year_n 846._o 846_o the_o dane_n do_v overrun_v a_o great_a part_n of_o england_n castor_n and_o fight_v with_o athelstan_n king_n of_o kent_n brother_n to_o ethelwulph_n and_o remain_v that_o winter_n and_o winter_v in_o england_n this_o year_n also_o be_v ithel_n king_n of_o gwent_n or_o wentland_n slay_v in_o fight_n by_o the_o man_n of_o brechnock_n this_o year_n 854._o 854_o kongen_fw-mi king_n of_o powy_n die_v at_o rome_n be_v slay_v of_o choke_v as_o some_o say_v by_o his_o own_o man_n and_o two_o year_n after_o die_v cemoyth_fw-mi king_n of_o the_o pict_n &_o jonathan_n lord_n of_o abergeley_n about_o the_o year_n 856._o 856_o ethelwulph_n take_v his_o iourneie_n to_o rome_n and_o make_v his_o kingdom_n tributary_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o pay_v the_o peter_n penny_n to_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n the_o old_a saxon_n do_v bring_v the_o genelogie_n of_o this_o ethelwulph_n to_o adam_n west_n after_o this_o manner_n ethelwulph_n the_o son_n of_o egbert_n the_o son_n of_o alcmund_n the_o son_n of_o eaffa_n the_o son_n of_o eoppa_n the_o son_n of_o ingil_n the_o brother_n of_o inas_fw-la the_o son_n of_o kenred_n the_o son_n of_o coelwalde_a the_o son_n of_o cudwine_n the_o son_n of_o ceawlin_fw-ge the_o son_n of_o kenrick_n the_o son_n of_o cerdicke_n which_o be_v the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n the_o son_n of_o esly_n the_o son_n of_o gewise_o of_o who_o the_o people_n be_v call_v gwysses_n the_o daughter_n of_o gewyn_n the_o son_n of_o wingy_a the_o son_n of_o freawyn_n the_o son_n of_o fridagare_n the_o son_n of_o brendy_n the_o son_n of_o beldegy_n the_o son_n of_o wooden_a of_o who_o issue_n come_v the_o king_n of_o many_o nation_n the_o son_n of_o frethewold_n the_o son_n of_o freolaffe_n the_o son_n of_o frethewolfe_n the_o son_n of_o finny_a the_o son_n of_o godulph_n the_o son_n of_o carminâ—_n geta_n the_o son_n of_o teathwy_n the_o son_n of_o beane_n the_o son_n of_o sceldy_a the_o son_n of_o safe_a which_o reign_v in_o a_o country_n call_v anglia_fw-it lie_v betwixt_o the_o goth_n and_o the_o saxon_n from_o whence_o the_o angle_n come_v first_o to_o britain_n he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o heremod_n the_o son_n of_o itermod_n the_o son_n of_o hadey_n the_o son_n of_o wale_n the_o son_n of_o bedwy_n the_o son_n of_o sem_fw-mi the_o son_n of_o noah_n and_o so_o forth_o to_o adam_n 275._o there_o be_v another_o petigrée_n lay_v down_o by_o the_o same_o author_n of_o offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n ascend_v even_o to_o adam_n not_o in_o all_o point_n agree_v with_o this_o so_o that_o the_o author_n write_v the_o latter_a seem_v oftentimes_o to_o forget_v what_o he_o have_v write_v in_o the_o former_a the_o like_a also_o i_o find_v in_o john_n castoreus_n castor_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o history_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o a_o other_o in_o matth._n paris_n 126._o in_o the_o history_n of_o king_n henry_n .2_o anno._n 1155._o and_o these_o four_o genelogy_n seem_v to_o ascend_v by_o the_o same_o man_n although_o the_o name_n do_v sometime_o vary_v this_o genelogie_n have_v i_o set_v here_o that_o the_o reader_n may_v understand_v thereby_o that_o not_o only_o the_o briton_n or_o welshman_n but_o all_o other_o nation_n have_v be_v ever_o desirous_a to_o set_v forth_o their_o antiquity_n and_o progeny_n which_o be_v not_o very_o hard_a to_o such_o nation_n as_o be_v not_o mingle_v with_o other_o and_o that_o have_v ever_o among_o they_o such_o as_o do_v only_o from_o time_n to_o time_n profess_v that_o art_n and_o customablie_o do_v write_v the_o progeny_n wife_n and_o child_n of_o all_o such_o as_o be_v of_o any_o estimation_n in_o the_o country_n in_o the_o which_o two_o thing_n wales_n have_v ever_o pass_v all_o other_o country_n as_o they_o which_o have_v not_o mingle_v with_o any_o other_o nation_n until_o of_o late_a year_n with_o englishman_n and_o also_o have_v ever_o have_v such_o as_o do_v profess_v the_o art_n of_o genelogie_n beirdh_n who_o although_o they_o have_v sometime_o err_v or_o rather_o have_v willing_o flatter_v in_o learue_v false_a genelogy_n yet_o sure_o be_v able_a by_o their_o book_n to_o bring_v any_o gentleman_n genelogie_n of_o that_o country_n to_o such_o as_o have_v live_v nine_o hundred_o year_n pass_v and_o but_o few_o further_a except_o such_o as_o descend_v of_o the_o king_n of_o britain_n the_o italian_n before_o they_o mingle_v with_o the_o vandal_n goth_n and_o lumbards_n bring_v their_o genelogy_n to_o aeneas_n the_o spaniard_n to_o hesperus_n before_o the_o goth_n and_o moor_n overranne_n the_o land_n the_o saxon_n to_o woden_n before_o they_o mingle_v with_o the_o dane_n and_o norman_n yea_o the_o frenchman_n &_o turk_n rejoice_v at_o this_o day_n to_o bring_v themselves_o to_o the_o thracian_n and_o the_o german_n to_o the_o child_n of_o gwyston_n and_o it_o be_v possible_a they_o may_v so_o do_v because_o they_o have_v not_o mingle_v with_o any_o other_o and_o have_v not_o be_v overrun_v with_o any_o other_o nation_n lhoyd_n therefore_o let_v such_o disdainful_a head_n as_o scant_o know_v their_o own_o grandfather_n leave_v their_o scoff_a and_o tawnt_a of_o welshman_n for_o that_o thing_n that_o all_o other_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n do_v glory_n in_o and_o let_v they_o read_v the_o ancient_a writer_n berosus_n to_o who_o the_o wise_a grecian_n for_o the_o knowledge_n they_o learn_v at_o his_o hand_n make_v a_o image_n of_o copper_n and_o set_v it_o up_o in_o athens_n in_o memory_n of_o he_o and_o there_o they_o shall_v find_v the_o begin_n of_o the_o most_o part_n of_o all_o the_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n and_o if_o they_o believe_v he_o let_v they_o not_o deny_v we_o and_o if_o they_o credit_v he_o not_o let_v they_o believe_v no_o more_o but_o what_o they_o see_v with_o their_o eye_n or_o that_o please_v their_o fond_a fantasy_n but_o to_o the_o matter_n this_o year_n the_o dane_n chase_v burchr_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n castor_n who_o also_o go_v to_o rome_n and_o there_o die_v the_o year_n 857._o die_v ethelwulph_n 857_o and_o leave_v behind_o he_o his_o son_n athelbald_a king_n of_o westsex_n and_o athelbright_n king_n of_o kent_n and_o of_o the_o east_n saxon_n cast._n of_o this_o ethelwulph_n it_o be_v write_v that_o he_o be_v so_o well_o learned_a and_o so_o devout_a that_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o church_n of_o winchester_n do_v choose_v he_o in_o his_o youth_n to_o be_v their_o bishop_n which_o function_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o &_o be_v bishop_n of_o winchester_n for_o seven_o year_n before_o he_o be_v king_n it_o be_v report_v also_o that_o he_o conquer_v the_o kingdom_n of_o demetia_n or_o southwales_n and_o give_v the_o same_o with_o the_o kingdom_n of_o southsex_n to_o alfred_n his_o son_n and_o that_o the_o say_v alfred_n shall_v bring_v a_o thousand_o soldier_n out_o of_o wales_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o his_o brother_n ethelbert_n to_o winchester_n and_o there_o put_v the_o dane_n to_o flight_n and_o destroy_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o athelbald_n the_o son_n of_o ethelwulph_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n keep_v his_o mother_n in_o law_n for_o his_o concubine_n and_o afterward_o marry_v she_o in_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n after_o athelbald_n have_v reign_v eight_o year_n he_o die_v and_o athelbright_n his_o brother_n take_v the_o rule_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o that_o year_n the_o dane_n spoil_v winchester_n fabian_n and_o after_o a_o great_a fight_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o the_o land_n but_o return_v to_o tenet_n they_o remain_v there_o for_o that_o winter_n and_o spoil_v by_o incursion_n all_o the_o sea_n shore_n this_o year_n also_o be_v the_o battle_n of_o gweythen_n betwixt_o the_o briton_n and_o the_o englishman_n and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v on_o either_o side_n the_o year_n 865._o die_v conan_n nant_n niver_n 865_o a_o worthy_a captain_n hunt_n and_o a_o noble_a warrior_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v come_v hungare_n and_o hubba_n with_o a_o great_a army_n of_o dane_n into_o england_n in_o the_o year_n 867._o die_v athelbright_n 867_o and_o ethelred_n his_o brother_n reign_v in_o his_o stead_n the_o dane_n the_o next_o year_n ensue_a spoil_v york_n cest._n and_o slay_v the_o two_o king_n of_o northumberland_n osbright_n and_o elba_n and_o afterward_o they_o overrun_v all_o the_o country_n unto_o nottingham_n spoil_v and_o destroy_v all_o before_o they_o and_o then_o return_v to_o york_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o east_n angle_n where_o they_o slay_v edmund_n the_o king_n
countryman_n and_o kinsman_n the_o one_o be_v the_o uncle_n be_v archbishop_n of_o s._n david_n of_o who_o mention_n be_v make_v in_o this_o place_n the_o other_o asser_n the_o nephew_n be_v a_o man_n of_o excellent_a learning_n and_o wisdom_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n be_v chancellor_n to_o his_o uncle_n be_v send_v for_o by_o king_n alfred_n to_o teach_v his_o child_n who_o write_v the_o act_n of_o the_o same_o alfred_n and_o be_v afterward_o bishop_n of_o shireburne_n of_o who_o mention_n be_v make_v in_o the_o english_a chronicle_n about_o this_o time_n edward_n send_v a_o great_a army_n to_o northumberland_n which_o spoil_v the_o country_n and_o then_o return_v home_o nevertheless_o the_o dane_n follow_v they_o and_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o mercia_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o edward_n gather_v a_o army_n and_o give_v they_o battle_n overthrow_v they_o and_o slay_v their_o king_n alden_n and_o edelwulph_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o their_o noble_n this_o year_n die_v edelred_n duke_n of_o mercia_n 354._o which_o have_v long_o be_v sick_a after_o who_o elfleda_n his_o wife_n enjoy_v the_o country_n of_o mercia_n save_v the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o oxford_n which_o king_n edward_n seize_v into_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o year_n 907._o 907_o die_v cadelh_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o southwales_n second_o son_n of_o roderike_n the_o great_a leave_v behind_o he_o three_o son_n howel_n dha_n that_o be_v to_o say_v howel_n the_o good_a who_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o southwales_n meyric_n and_o clydawc_n about_o two_o year_n after_o king_n edward_z do_v build_v the_o castle_n of_o hartford_n betwixt_o the_o river_n benefic_n west_n minier_n and_o lige_n and_o also_o the_o borough_n of_o wytham_n in_o essex_n and_o lay_v at_o wealdyne_n where_o he_o subdue_v those_o country_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o dane_n of_o leycester_n and_o hampton_n slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o englishman_n at_o hochnorton_n and_o in_o their_o return_n homeward_o spoil_v all_o oxfordshire_n the_o next_o year_n after_o that_o there_o come_v a_o great_a navy_n from_o tydwike_n with_o uther_n and_o rahald_v and_o past_a by_o the_o western_a sea_n to_o wales_n and_o destroy_v s._n david_n and_o there_o fight_v the_o battle_n of_o dinerth_n where_o mayloc_n the_o son_n of_o peredur_n gam_n be_v slay_v and_o afterward_o they_o enter_v herefordshire_n where_o they_o be_v fight_v withal_o and_o rahald_v slay_v and_o the_o rest_n compel_v to_o forswear_v the_o king_n land_n then_o the_o king_n cause_v the_o southside_n of_o seaverne_n to_o be_v keep_v with_o a_o great_a army_n yet_o do_v the_o dane_n twice_o enter_v his_o land_n once_o by_o the_o east_n at_o werd_n and_o another_o time_n at_o portogan_n but_o they_o be_v at_o either_o time_n overthrow_v by_o the_o englishman_n and_o from_o thence_o they_o depart_v to_o the_o will_v of_o stepen_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v drive_v by_o hunger_n to_o southwales_n where_o they_o be_v beat_v and_o constrain_v to_o depart_v into_o ireland_n the_o year_n ensue_a there_o be_v a_o great_a battle_n fight_v betwixt_o the_o kentishman_n and_o the_o dane_n at_o holme_n but_o who_o have_v the_o victory_n be_v not_o certain_o report_v in_o the_o year_n 913._o 913_o anarawd_n chief_a king_n of_o wales_n die_v and_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edwal_n voel_n which_o reign_v after_o he_o and_o elise_n edwal_n voel_n edwal_n voel_n son_n of_o anarawd_n 354._o i_o think_v that_o the_o name_n of_o leycester_n be_v here_o mistake_v for_o legecestria_fw-la that_o be_v chester_n call_v of_o the_o roman_n legionum_fw-la cestria_n which_o be_v destroy_v by_o the_o dane_n be_v about_o this_o time_n by_o the_o procurement_n of_o a_o adelred_n duke_n of_o mercia_n and_o elflede_v his_o wife_n repair_v and_o re-edify_v as_o matth._n westm._n write_v and_o as_o the_o ancient_a record_n of_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n do_v testify_v beside_o that_o i_o find_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o reedifieng_v of_o leycester_n at_o this_o time_n neither_o in_o the_o british_a chronicle_n nor_o yet_o in_o any_o ancient_a english_a writer_n the_o next_o summer_n after_o the_o man_n of_o develyne_n do_v destroy_v the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o the_o year_n 917._o 917_o clydawc_n the_o son_n of_o cadelh_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o brother_n meyric_n and_o about_o the_o same_o time_n castor_n the_o englishman_n do_v overthrow_v the_o dane_n after_o a_o great_a fight_n at_o tottenhale_n cast._n io._n castoreus_n report_v this_o story_n in_o this_o manner_n huganus_n lord_n of_o westwales_n perceive_v king_n edward_n to_o be_v occupy_v in_o the_o danish_a war_n far_o enough_o from_o he_o gather_v a_o army_n of_o briton_n and_o enter_v the_o king_n land_n whereupon_o elfle_v lady_n of_o mercia_n the_o sister_n of_o king_n edward_n come_v to_o wales_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n and_o fight_v with_o the_o welshman_n at_o brechnocke_n and_o put_v huganus_n to_o flight_n take_v his_o wife_n and_o 34._o man_n captive_n and_o lead_v they_o with_o she_o to_o mercia_n huganus_n thus_o discomfit_v flee_v to_o derbie_n &_o there_o be_v peaceable_o receive_v of_o the_o countryman_n with_o fifteen_o man_n of_o war_n and_o two_o hundred_o soldier_n well_o appoint_v join_v himself_o with_o the_o king_n adversary_n the_o dane_n of_o which_o thing_n when_o elfle_v be_v certify_v by_o the_o man_n of_o derby_n she_o follow_v he_o with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o enter_v the_o gate_n of_o that_o town_n where_o huganus_n resist_v she_o and_o slay_v four_o of_o her_o chief_a officer_n but_o gwyane_a lord_n of_o the_o will_v of_o elie_n her_o steward_n set_v the_o gate_n on_o fire_n and_o furious_o run_v upon_o the_o briton_n enter_v the_o town_n then_o huganus_n be_v overmatch_v and_o choose_v rather_o to_o die_v by_o the_o sword_n than_o to_o yield_v himself_o unto_o a_o woman_n be_v there_o slay_v thus_o out_o of_o castoreus_n the_o year_n ensue_a elfle_v wan_a leycester_n and_o subdue_v to_o her_o all_o the_o dane_n that_o lie_v there_o the_o yorkeshiremen_n also_o do_v her_o homage_n and_o service_n she_o die_v at_o tamworth_n after_o that_o she_o have_v worthy_o rule_v mercia_n eight_o year_n and_o lie_v bury_v at_o gloucester_n by_o s._n peter_n porch_n upon_o who_o tomb_n this_o epitaph_n be_v write_v hunt_n o_o elfleda_n potens_fw-la o_o terror_n virgo_fw-la virorum_fw-la o_o elfleda_n potens_fw-la nomine_fw-la digna_fw-la viri_fw-la te_fw-la quoque_fw-la splendidior_fw-la fecit_fw-la natura_fw-la puellam_fw-la te_fw-la probitas_fw-la fecit_fw-la nomen_fw-la habere_fw-la viri_fw-la te_fw-la mutare_fw-la decet_fw-la sed_fw-la solùm_fw-la nomina_fw-la sexus_fw-la tu_fw-la regina_fw-la potens_fw-la réxque_fw-la trophea_fw-la parans_fw-la i_o be_o nec_fw-la caesareos_n tantùm_fw-la mirere_fw-la triumphos_fw-la caesar_fw-la splendidior_fw-la virgo_fw-la virago_n vale_n after_o the_o death_n of_o elfled_a west_n edward_n disinherit_v her_o daughter_n alfwyen_v and_o seize_v the_o land_n of_o mercia_n to_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o cause_n why_o edward_n disinherit_v this_o young_a lady_n his_o néece_n cast._n who_o mother_n elfle_v be_v his_o own_o sister_n have_v do_v so_o much_o for_o he_o be_v as_o castoreus_n write_v for_o that_o alfwyen_fw-mi not_o make_v the_o king_n her_o uncle_n who_o her_o mother_n have_v appoint_v guardian_n and_o overséer_o of_o she_o privy_a to_o her_o do_n have_v promise_v and_o contract_a marriage_n with_o raynald_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n whereupon_o king_n edward_n to_o prevent_v his_o enemy_n enter_v the_o land_n of_o mercia_n and_o seize_v the_o same_o to_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o carry_v also_o the_o say_a lady_n with_o he_o into_o westsex_n the_o same_o author_n also_o report_v that_o about_o this_o time_n leofr_v a_o dane_n and_o gruffyth_v ap_fw-mi madoc_n brother_n in_o law_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o westwales_n come_v from_o ireland_n with_o a_o great_a army_n to_o snowdon_n and_o mind_v to_o bring_v all_o wales_n and_o the_o march_n thereof_o to_o their_o subjection_n overrun_v and_o subdue_v all_o the_o country_n to_o chester_n before_o king_n edward_n be_v certify_v of_o their_o arrival_n whereat_o he_o be_v very_o sore_o offend_v and_o be_v loath_a to_o trouble_v his_o subject_n in_o that_o behalf_n make_v a_o vow_n that_o he_o and_o his_o son_n with_o their_o own_o people_n will_v be_v revenge_v upon_o leofred_n and_o gruffyth_n and_o thereupon_o come_v to_o chester_n and_o win_v the_o city_n from_o they_o then_o he_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o two_o battle_n whereof_o he_o and_o his_o son_n athelstan_n lead_v the_o first_o and_z edmund_z and_o edred_n the_o second_o and_o so_o follow_v they_o with_o as_o much_o celerity_n as_o he_o can_v and_o overtake_v they_o at_o the_o forest_n of_o walewode_n now_o sherwode_n where_o leofred_n and_o gruffyth_n set_v upon_o he_o fierselie_o so_o that_o the_o king_n in_o
manner_n 4_o item_n where_o the_o great_a man_n of_o england_n will_v procure_v a_o provision_n of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n a_o year_n in_o england_n let_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o such_o provision_n be_v not_o to_o be_v accept_v for_o that_o it_o be_v procure_v by_o they_o who_o go_v about_o to_o disinherit_v the_o prince_n to_o have_v his_o land_n in_o wales_n 5_o item_n the_o prince_n ought_v not_o to_o dismiss_v his_o inheritance_n and_o his_o predecessor_n in_o wales_n since_o the_o time_n of_o brutus_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o sea_n apostolic_a as_o be_v aforesaid_a and_o to_o take_v land_n in_o england_n where_o he_o know_v neither_o tongue_n manner_n law_n nor_o custom_n wherein_o he_o shall_v be_v soon_o trap_v by_o his_o neighbour_n the_o englishman_n his_o old_a malicious_a enemy_n whereby_o he_o shall_v lose_v the_o land_n too_o 6_o item_n see_v the_o king_n go_v about_o to_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o ancient_a inheritance_n it_o be_v not_o like_a that_o he_o will_v suffer_v he_o to_o possess_v land_n in_o england_n where_o he_o claim_v no_o right_a see_v that_o the_o prince_n land_n in_o wales_n of_o his_o own_o inheritance_n be_v but_o barren_a and_o untilled_a it_o be_v less_o like_o the_o king_n will_v suffer_v he_o to_o enjoy_v good_a fertile_a ground_n in_o england_n 7_o item_n the_o prince_n shall_v give_v the_o king_n possession_n of_o snowdon_n for_o ever_o let_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o see_v that_o snowdon_n be_v of_o the_o appurtenance_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n which_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o predecessor_n hold_v since_o the_o time_n of_o brute_n as_o it_o be_v before_o say_v his_o council_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o renounce_v that_o place_n and_o to_o take_v in_o england_n a_o place_n less_o due_a unto_o he_o 8_o item_n the_o people_n of_o snowdon_n do_v say_v that_o although_o the_o prince_n will_v give_v the_o king_n possession_n of_o it_o yet_o they_o will_v never_o do_v homage_n to_o stranger_n of_o who_o tongue_n manner_n and_o law_n they_o shall_v be_v ignorant_a for_o so_o they_o shall_v be_v for_o ever_o captive_v and_o cruel_o handle_v as_o the_o cantred_n have_v be_v by_o the_o king_n bailiff_n and_o other_o the_o king_n man_n handle_v more_o cruel_o than_o sarracens_n as_o it_o do_v well_o appear_v by_o the_o note_n of_o their_o grief_n which_o the_o man_n of_o the_o cantred_n send_v to_o you_o holy_a father_n these_o be_v to_o be_v answer_v for_o david_n the_o prince_n brother_n when_o he_o be_v dispose_v to_o see_v the_o holy_a land_n he_o will_v do_v it_o for_o god_n sake_n voluntary_o not_o by_o such_o enforcement_n against_o his_o will_n for_o he_o intend_v not_o to_o go_v on_o pilgrimage_n after_o that_o sort_n because_o he_o know_v enforce_v service_n not_o to_o please_v god_n and_o if_o he_o hereafter_o shall_v for_o devotion_n see_v the_o holy_a land_n that_o be_v no_o cause_n for_o ever_o to_o disinherit_v his_o offspring_n but_o rather_o to_o reward_v they_o and_o for_o that_o neither_o the_o prince_n nor_o his_o people_n for_o country_n nor_o for_o gain_n do_v move_v war_n invade_v not_o man_n land_n but_o defend_v their_o own_o land_n law_n and_o liberty_n and_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n of_o inveterate_a hatred_n and_o for_o covetousness_n to_o get_v our_o land_n invade_v the_o same_o move_v war_n we_o therefore_o see_v our_o defence_n be_v just_a and_o lawful_a and_o herein_o we_o trust_v god_n will_v help_v we_o and_o will_v turn_v his_o revenge_n upon_o destroyer_n of_o church_n who_o have_v root_v up_o and_o burn_v church_n and_o take_v out_o both_o all_o sacrament_n and_o sacred_a thing_n from_o they_o kill_v priest_n clerk_n religious_a lame_a dumb_a deaf_a youngling_n suck_v their_o mother_n pap_n weak_a &_o impotent_a both_o man_n and_o woman_n and_o commit_v all_o other_o enormity_n as_o partly_o it_o appear_v to_o your_o holiness_n wherefore_o god_n forbid_v that_o your_o holiness_n shall_v fulminate_v sentence_n against_o any_o but_o such_o as_o have_v do_v such_o thing_n we_o who_o have_v suffer_v all_o these_o thing_n at_o the_o king_n officer_n hand_n do_v hope_n at_o your_o hand_n remedy_n and_o comfort_n and_o that_o you_o will_v punish_v such_o church_n robber_n and_o killer_n who_o can_v defend_v themselves_o no_o way_n lest_o their_o impunity_n because_o and_z example_n for_o other_o to_o do_v the_o like_a very_o many_o in_o our_o country_n do_v much_o marvel_n that_o you_o counsel_v we_o to_o leave_v our_o own_o land_n and_o to_o go_v to_o a_o other_o man_n land_n among_o our_o enemy_n to_o live_v for_o see_v we_o can_v have_v peace_n in_o our_o own_o land_n which_o be_v our_o own_o right_n much_o less_o shall_v we_o be_v quiet_a in_o a_o other_o man_n among_o our_o enemy_n and_o though_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o live_v in_o war_n and_o peril_n hard_o it_o be_v to_o be_v utterlie_o destroy_v and_o bring_v to_o nothing_o especial_o for_o christian_n seek_v else_o nothing_o but_o to_o defend_v our_o own_o be_v by_o necessity_n drive_v thereunto_o &_o the_o greedy_a ambition_n of_o our_o enemy_n and_o your_o holiness_n tell_v we_o that_o you_o have_v fulminate_v sentence_n against_o all_o that_o for_o hatred_n or_o gain_n do_v hinder_v the_o peace_n and_o it_o appear_v evident_o who_o do_v war_n for_o these_o cause_n the_o fear_n of_o death_n the_o fear_n of_o imprisonment_n the_o fear_n of_o perpetual_a prison_n the_o fear_n of_o disinherit_n no_o keep_v of_o promise_n covenant_n grant_v nor_o charter_n tyrannical_a dominion_n and_o many_o more_o like_a compel_v we_o to_o be_v in_o war_n and_o this_o we_o show_v to_o god_n and_o to_o your_o lordship_n desire_v your_o godly_a and_o charitable_a help_n furthermore_o if_o any_o in_o england_n have_v offend_v the_o king_n as_o many_o do_v offend_v he_o yet_o none_o of_o they_o be_v disinherit_v so_o if_o any_o of_o we_o have_v offend_v the_o king_n let_v he_o be_v punish_v and_o make_v satisfaction_n as_o he_o may_v without_o exhereditate_v as_o we_o trust_v in_o you_o we_o pray_v you_o holy_a father_n to_o labour_n to_o this_o end_n if_o they_o lie_v to_o we_o that_o we_o break_v the_o peace_n it_o appear_v evident_o that_o they_o and_o not_o we_o break_v the_o same_o who_o never_o keep_v promise_n nor_o covenant_n nor_o order_n make_v any_o amends_n for_o trespass_n nor_o remedy_n for_o our_o complaint_n thus_o far_o out_o of_o the_o record_n of_o john_n peckam_n archbishop_n of_o cant._n write_v about_o three_o hundred_o year_n past_a which_o be_v extant_a this_o day_n to_o be_v see_v when_o the_o archbishop_n can_v not_o conclude_v a_o peace_n trivet_n he_o denounce_v the_o prince_n &_o his_o complice_n accurse_v then_o the_o king_n send_v his_o army_n by_o sea_n to_o the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n 791._o which_o they_o man_n &_o slay_v such_o as_o resist_v they_o for_o the_o chief_a man_n serve_v the_o king_n as_o their_o oath_n be_v so_o they_o come_v over_o against_o bangor_n where_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n call_v mênay_n which_o divide_v the_o will_v from_o the_o main_a land_n be_v narow_a and_o the_o place_n call_v moel_n y_o donn_n and_o there_o make_v a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n and_o plank_n over_o the_o water_n agricolae_fw-la where_o before_o julius_n agricola_n do_v the_o like_a when_o he_o subdue_v the_o will_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o not_o betwixt_o man_n and_o britain_n as_o polydore_n virgil_n ignorantlie_o affirm_v this_o bridge_n accomplish_v so_o that_o threescore_o man_n may_v well_o pass_v over_o in_o a_o front_n william_n latimer_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o best_a soldier_n and_o lucas_n thany_n steward_n of_o gascoyn_n with_o his_o gascoynes_n and_o spaniard_n whereof_o a_o great_a number_n be_v to_o come_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n pass_v over_o the_o bridge_n and_o there_o see_v no_o stir_n of_o enemy_n but_o assoon_o as_o the_o sea_n begin_v to_o flow_v down_o come_v the_o welshman_n from_o the_o hill_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o fierce_o and_o either_o slay_v or_o chase_v they_o to_o the_o sea_n to_o drown_v themselves_o for_o the_o water_n be_v to_o hie_v that_o they_o can_v not_o attain_v the_o bridge_n save_v william_n latimer_n alone_o who_o horse_n carry_v he_o to_o the_o bridge_n and_o so_o he_o escape_v 791._o there_o be_v slay_v and_o drown_v at_o this_o time_n many_o worthy_a soldier_n and_o among_o other_o this_o famous_a knight_n sir_n lucas_n de_fw-fr thany_n here_o name_v robert_n clifford_n 11._o sir_n william_n lindsey_n and_o two_o gentleman_n of_o good_a account_n that_o be_v brethren_n to_o robert_n burnell_n then_o bishop_n of_o bath_n there_o perish_v in_o all_o thirtéene_a knight_n dunst._n seventéene_v young_a gentleman_n and_o to_o the_o number_n of_o two_o hundred_o footman_n
which_o happen_v upon_o s._n leonard_n day_n thomas_n walsingham_n write_v that_o the_o king_n lose_v in_o this_o voyage_n a_o little_a before_o this_o ibidem_fw-la fouretéene_a ensign_n at_o which_o time_n the_o lord_n william_n de_fw-fr audeley_n and_o the_o lord_n roger_n clifford_n the_o young_a and_o many_o other_o be_v slay_v and_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v drive_v to_o take_v the_o castle_n of_o hope_n for_o his_o safeguard_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n &_o sir_n edmund_n mortimer_n with_o a_o army_n in_o southwales_n where_o be_v many_o that_o serve_v the_o king_n and_o there_o fight_v with_o the_o princess_n friend_n at_o lhandeilo_n vawr_n and_o give_v they_o a_o overthrow_n wherein_o on_o the_o king_n side_n young_a william_n de_fw-fr valence_n his_o cousin_n germane_a and_o four_o knight_n more_o be_v slay_v and_o all_o this_o while_n the_o prince_n destroy_v the_o country_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o all_o the_o land_n of_o rees_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n who_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o all_o these_o war_n but_o afterward_o the_o prince_n separate_v himself_o from_o his_o army_n with_o a_o few_o and_o come_v to_o buelht_n think_v to_o remain_v there_o quiet_o for_o a_o while_n and_o by_o chance_n as_o he_o come_v by_o the_o water_n why_o 10._o there_o be_v edmund_n mortimer_n and_o john_n gifford_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o soldier_n and_o either_o party_n be_v abash_v of_o other_o edmund_n mortimer_n man_n be_v of_o that_o country_n for_o his_o father_n be_v lord_n thereof_o then_o the_o prince_n depart_v from_o his_o man_n and_o go_v to_o the_o valley_n with_o his_o esquire_n alone_o to_o talk_v with_o certain_a lord_n of_o the_o country_n who_o have_v promise_v to_o meet_v he_o there_o then_o some_o of_o his_o man_n see_v their_o enemy_n come_v down_o from_o the_o hill_n keep_v the_o bridge_n call_v pont_n orewyn_n &_o defend_v the_o passage_n manful_o till_o one_o declare_v to_o the_o englishman_n where_o a_o ford_n be_v a_o little_a beneath_o through_o the_o which_o they_o send_v a_o number_n of_o their_o man_n with_o helias_n walwyn_n who_o sudden_o fall_v upon_o they_o that_o defend_v the_o bridge_n in_o their_o back_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n the_o princess_n esquire_n tell_v the_o prince_n as_o he_o stand_v secret_o abide_v the_o come_n of_o such_o as_o promise_v to_o meet_v he_o in_o a_o little_a grove_n that_o he_o hear_v a_o great_a noise_n and_o cry_v at_o the_o bridge_n and_o the_o prince_n ask_v whether_o his_o man_n have_v take_v the_o bridge_n and_o he_o say_v yes_o then_o say_v the_o prince_n i_o pass_v not_o if_o all_o the_o power_n of_o england_n be_v upon_o the_o other_o side_n but_o sudden_o behold_v the_o horseman_n about_o the_o grove_n and_o as_o he_o will_v have_v escape_v to_o his_o man_n they_o pursue_v he_o so_o hard_a that_o one_o adam_n francton_n run_v he_o through_o with_o a_o staff_n be_v unarm_v slay_v and_o know_v he_o not_o and_o his_o man_n be_v but_o a_o few_o stand_v and_o fight_v bold_o ever_o look_v for_o their_o prince_n till_o the_o englishman_n by_o force_n of_o archer_n mix_v with_o the_o horseman_n win_v the_o hill_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o as_o they_o return_v francton_n go_v to_o spoil_v he_o who_o he_o have_v slay_v and_o when_o he_o see_v his_o face_n he_o know_v he_o very_o well_o and_o strike_v off_o his_o head_n and_o send_v it_o to_o the_o king_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o conwey_n who_o receive_v it_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v set_v upon_o one_o of_o the_o high_a turret_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o lhewelyn_n beetray_v by_o the_o man_n of_o buelht_n who_o be_v the_o last_o prince_n of_o britain_n blood_n who_o bare_a dominion_n and_o rule_n in_o wales_n so_o that_o the_o rule_n and_o government_n of_o the_o briton_n ever_o continue_v in_o some_o place_n of_o britain_n from_o the_o first_o come_v of_o brutus_n which_o be_v in_o the_o year_n before_o christ_n incarnation_n 1136._o to_o the_o year_n after_o christ_n 1282._o by_o the_o space_n of_o 2418._o year_n short_o after_o that_o the_o king_n have_v bring_v all_o the_o country_n to_o his_o subjection_n the_o country_n man_n themselves_o bring_v to_o he_o david_n the_o prince_n brother_n 12._o who_o he_o keep_v in_o ruthlan_n castle_n and_o after_o put_v he_o to_o death_n at_o shrewesburie_n then_o the_o king_n build_v two_o strong_a hold_n in_o north-wales_n the_o one_o at_o conwey_n and_o the_o other_o at_o caernaruan_n when_o rees_n vachan_n hard_a how_o all_o thing_n go_v he_o yield_v himself_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o hereford_n who_o at_o the_o king_n commandment_n send_v he_o to_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n to_o be_v imprison_v there_o and_o so_o the_o king_n pass_v through_o all_o wales_n and_o bring_v all_o the_o country_n in_o subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n to_o this_o day_n thus_o end_v the_o history_n of_o the_o british_a prince_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o england_n collect_v for_o the_o most_o part_n out_o of_o the_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n edward_n of_o caernaruon_n then_o the_o king_n have_v the_o country_n at_o his_o will_n give_v whole_a lordship_n and_o town_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o wales_n unto_o english_a lord_n as_o the_o lordship_n of_o denbigh_n to_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n the_o lordship_n of_o ruthyn_n to_o the_o lord_n reginald_n grace_n second_o son_n to_o john_n lord_n grace_n of_o wilton_n and_o other_o land_n to_o many_o of_o his_o nobility_n this_o henry_n lacie_n lord_n of_o denbigh_n be_v the_o son_n of_o edmund_n lacie_n denbigh_n the_o son_n of_o john_n lacie_n lord_n of_o halton_n pomfret_n and_o constable_n of_o chester_n who_o marry_v margaret_n the_o elder_a daughter_n and_o one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o robert_n quincy_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n the_o say_a henry_n marry_v margaret_n the_o daughter_n and_o sole_a heir_n of_o william_n longspee_n earl_n of_o sarum_n and_o have_v issue_n edmund_n and_o john_n which_o both_o die_v young_a of_o who_o the_o one_o perish_v by_o a_o fall_n into_o a_o very_a deep_a well_o within_o the_o castle_n of_o denbigh_n and_o a_o daughter_n name_v alicia_n marry_v unto_o thomas_n plantagenet_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n who_o be_v in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o say_a wife_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n and_o sarum_n lord_n of_o denbigh_n halton_n pomfret_n and_o constable_n of_o chester_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v thomas_n king_n edward_n the_o second_o give_v the_o lordship_n of_o denbigh_n to_o hugh_n lord_n spencer_n earl_n of_o winchester_n after_o who_o death_n the_o same_o lordship_n be_v give_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la primo_fw-la as_o appear_v of_o record_n to_o roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n with_o diverse_a other_o lordship_n in_o the_o march_n in_o performance_n of_o the_o king_n promise_v while_o he_o remain_v in_o france_n with_o his_o mother_n for_o the_o provision_n of_o a_o thousand_o pound_n land_n of_o a_o reasonable_a extent_n for_o the_o say_v roger_n assoon_o as_o by_o god_n grace_n he_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n of_o england_n within_o few_o year_n after_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n be_v attaint_v the_o say_a lordship_n of_o denbigh_n be_v give_v by_o the_o same_o king_n to_o the_o lord_n montagu_n earl_n of_o sarum_n but_o short_o after_o an._n 29._o ed._n 3._o it_o be_v restore_v again_o with_o the_o earldom_n of_o march_n to_o the_o mortimer_n in_o the_o which_o house_n the_o same_o remain_v until_o the_o whole_a inheritance_n of_o the_o mortimer_n come_v with_o a_o daughter_n to_o the_o house_n of_o york_n and_o so_o to_o the_o crown_n as_o appear_v before_o pag._n 317._o and_o now_o of_o late_o it_o be_v give_v by_o the_o queen_n majesty_n that_o now_o be_v an._n regni_fw-la svi_fw-la 6._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a robert_n earl_n of_o leycester_n who_o be_v then_o create_v baron_n of_o denbigh_n lhoyd_n it_o be_v count_v now_o one_o of_o the_o great_a and_o best_a lordship_n in_o england_n the_o lordship_n of_o ruthyn_n continue_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o gray_n until_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o george_n grace_n earl_n of_o kent_n and_o lord_n of_o ruthyn_n pass_v the_o same_o upon_o some_o bargain_n to_o the_o king_n and_o now_o it_o be_v of_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n there_o come_v the_o same_o time_n with_o king_n edward_n to_o north-wales_n diverse_a gentleman_n who_o grow_v afterward_o to_o be_v man_n of_o great_a possession_n in_o the_o country_n who_o posterity_n do_v enjoy_v the_o same_o to_o this_o day_n rees_n ap_fw-mi
to_o britain_n armorike_n where_o they_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n and_o give_v lhoegria_n now_o england_n to_o the_o saxon_n and_o albeit_o that_o caduan_n cadwalhon_n &_o cadwallader_n be_v sithence_o entitle_v king_n of_o all_o britain_n yet_o they_o can_v never_o recover_v again_o the_o quiet_a possession_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n afterward_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o cadwallader_n out_o of_o the_o land_n the_o briton_n be_v govern_v within_o the_o country_n of_o wales_n or_o cambria_n by_o those_o man_n whereof_o this_o history_n follow_v do_v entreat_v which_o be_v common_o call_v king_n of_o such_o province_n and_o country_n as_o they_o possess_v until_o the_o time_n of_o owen_n gwyneth_n lhoyd_n who_o be_v in_o the_o day_n of_o king_n stephen_n and_o henry_n the_o second_o be_v the_o first_o that_o name_v himself_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o so_o the_o rest_n after_o he_o keep_v that_o title_n and_o stile_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o they_o be_v sometime_o call_v prince_n before_o he_o and_o king_n after_o he_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v by_o diverse_a charter_n and_o old_a record_n which_o i_o have_v see_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o elsewhere_o howbeit_o this_o author_n call_v the_o chief_a of_o they_o king_n till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_v owen_n and_o sithence_o prince_n ivor_n ivor_n the_o son_n of_o alan_n whereupon_o kentwinus_fw-la king_n of_o westsex_n gather_v a_o great_a number_n of_o saxon_n and_o angles_n together_o and_o come_v against_o the_o briton_n which_o be_v ready_a to_o abide_v the_o battle_n and_o as_o the_o army_n be_v both_o in_o sight_n they_o be_v not_o very_o desirous_a to_o fight_v but_o fall_v to_o a_o composition_n and_o agreement_n that_o juor_fw-la shall_v take_v ethelburga_n to_o wife_n which_o be_v cousin_n to_o kentwyn_n and_o quiet_o enjoy_v all_o that_o he_o have_v during_o the_o reign_n of_o juor_fw-la lhoyd_n this_o juor_fw-la be_v he_o who_o the_o english_a chronicle_n do_v call_v jue_v or_o jew_n king_n of_o west_n saxon_n that_o reign_v after_o cedwall_n and_o they_o say_v that_o he_o be_v a_o saxon_a for_o kentwyn_n reign_v but_o five_o year_n after_o juor_n come_v to_o england_n and_o after_o he_o his_o nephew_n cedwall_n who_o after_o he_o have_v reign_v over_o the_o west_n saxon_n two_o year_n go_v to_o rome_n and_o leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o jue_v his_o cousin_n this_o jue_v or_o juor_fw-la who_o the_o briton_n call_v the_o son_n of_o alan_n and_o the_o saxon_n the_o son_n of_o kenred_n be_v king_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o briton_n which_o inhabit_v the_o west_n part_n of_o england_n after_o many_o victory_n achieve_v against_o the_o king_n of_o kent_n southsex_n and_o mertia_n leave_v his_o kingdom_n to_o adelred_n or_o as_o some_o call_v he_o adelerdus_fw-la his_o cousin_n and_o take_v his_o journey_n to_o rome_n where_o he_o make_v a_o godly_a end_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 720._o of_o cadwallader_n cedwall_n and_o juor_fw-la there_o be_v diverse_a opinion_n some_o hold_n that_o cadwallader_n and_o cedwall_n be_v the_o selfsame_o man_n and_o that_o the_o saxon_a writer_n call_v he_o cedwall_n who_o the_o briton_n do_v name_n cadwallader_n who_o as_o the_o british_a chronicle_n do_v affirm_v after_o his_o foresay_a vision_n do_v resign_v all_o his_o right_n title_n and_o interest_n in_o great_a britain_n to_o the_o say_v alan_n king_n of_o britain_n armorike_n and_o so_o despair_v that_o either_o he_o or_o he_o shall_v ever_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v there_o leave_v his_o son_n edwal_n ywrch_n and_o his_o people_n to_o the_o order_n of_o his_o cousin_n alan_n go_v to_o rome_n but_o this_o opinion_n seem_v to_o vary_v from_o the_o assertion_n of_o bernardus_n guidonius_n but_o certain_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o this_o cedwall_n be_v edwal_n the_o son_n of_o cadwallader_n for_o the_o name_n edoal_n which_o in_o the_o ancient_a british_a copy_n be_v write_v etoal_n may_v well_o agree_v with_o that_o which_o guidonius_n write_v and_o a_o easy_a matter_n it_o be_v especial_o in_o proper_a name_n for_o the_o c._n capital_a to_o creep_v in_o which_o be_v almost_o all_o one_o with_o that_o character_n which_o the_o lawyer_n do_v call_v a_o paraph_n ¶_o and_o be_v use_v common_o in_o all_o old_a text_n hand_n at_o the_o begin_n of_o period_n or_o section_n of_o this_o matter_n thus_o write_v guidonius_n in_o svo_fw-la pontificali_fw-la catalogo_fw-la sub_fw-la sergio_n primo_fw-la per_fw-la idem_fw-la tempus_fw-la ethoal_n rex_fw-la brytonum_fw-la caenal_n cùm_fw-la per_fw-la decem_fw-la annos_fw-la multis_fw-la regulis_fw-la obuiasset_fw-la &_o plura_fw-la mala_fw-la illis_fw-la irrogasset_fw-la tandem_fw-la ipsis_fw-la in_o pacem_fw-la devenientibus_fw-la super_fw-la occidentales_fw-la saxones_n regnavit_fw-la annis_fw-la duobus_fw-la videns_fw-la autem_fw-la brytanniam_fw-la multis_fw-la miserijs_fw-la contritam_fw-la regnum_fw-la sprevit_fw-la terrenum_fw-la propter_fw-la aeternum_fw-la &_o romam_fw-la veniens_fw-la paucis_fw-la diebus_fw-la transactis_fw-la migravit_fw-la ad_fw-la christum_fw-la et_fw-la paulo_fw-la post_fw-la hic_fw-la ex_fw-la toto_fw-la illud_fw-la regnum_fw-la antiquissimum_fw-la brytonum_fw-la corruit_fw-la quod_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ferè_fw-la regnis_fw-la diuturnius_fw-la fuit_fw-la a_o tempore_fw-la heli_n sacerdotis_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la tempus_fw-la per_fw-la annos_fw-la 1825._o rob._n caenalis_n lib._n 2._o per._n 2._o that_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n ethoal_n king_n of_o the_o briton_n when_o he_o have_v by_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o year_n war_v with_o diverse_a king_n and_o often_o put_v they_o to_o the_o worse_a at_o length_n grow_v to_o a_o agreement_n with_o they_o he_o reign_v over_o the_o west_n saxon_n two_o year_n and_o then_o perceive_v britain_n to_o be_v overwear_v with_o misery_n prefer_v the_o heavenly_a kingdom_n before_o the_o earthly_a come_v to_o rome_n and_o within_o few_o day_n die_v and_o in_o he_o end_v whole_o that_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o the_o briton_n which_o continue_v in_o a_o manner_n long_o than_o any_o other_o from_o helie_n the_o priest_n to_o this_o time_n by_o the_o space_n of_o 1825._o year_n further_o it_o be_v not_o like_o that_o juor_fw-la come_v to_o the_o aid_n of_o edwal_n his_o cousin_n will_v ever_o seek_v the_o kingdom_n to_o himself_o and_o defeat_v the_o right_a heir_n but_o very_o well_o it_o may_v be_v if_o this_o juor_fw-la be_v that_o man_n who_o the_o saxon_a writer_n call_v inas_fw-la or_o jue_v after_o these_o briton_n have_v arrive_v in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o fight_v diverse_a time_n with_o the_o saxon_a king_n and_o continue_v in_o cornwall_n devonshire_n and_o somersetshire_n by_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n that_o they_o shall_v afterward_o meet_v centwyn_n in_o the_o field_n and_o so_o fall_v to_o a_o agreement_n that_o juor_fw-la taking_n ethelburga_n the_o cousin_n of_o centwyn_n to_o wife_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n after_o centwyn_n and_o that_o thereupon_o edwal_n resign_v his_o title_n and_o interest_n to_o juor_fw-la depart_v to_o rome_n and_o so_o die_v as_o guidonius_n say_v beda_n all_o this_o notwithstanding_o it_o seem_v by_o the_o report_n of_o other_o writer_n of_o very_a good_a account_n hunt_n that_o inas_fw-la or_o jue_v king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n who_o law_n be_v extant_a in_o print_n set_v out_o by_o master_n william_n lamberd_v esquire_n cast._n a_o worthy_a searcher_n and_o preserver_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o land_n be_v not_o a_o britain_n lamb._n but_o a_o saxon_a who_o have_v war_n against_o the_o briton_n diverse_a time_n and_o vanquish_v they_o matth._n west_n report_v that_o inas_fw-la or_o jue_v fight_v with_o gerent_fw-la king_n of_o the_o briton_n i_o have_v a_o ancient_a book_n write_v as_o john_n leland_n think_v by_o john_n castoreus_n or_o beaver_n sometime_o monk_n of_o westminster_n who_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o which_o report_v the_o history_n of_o inas_fw-la in_o this_o sort_n about_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 689._o juor_fw-la and_o henyr_n son_n of_o the_o daughter_n of_o cadwallader_n sometime_o king_n of_o britain_n cast._n come_v over_o from_o ireland_n and_o take_v to_o their_o aid_n the_o two_o king_n of_o wales_n destroy_v the_o province_n of_o chester_n and_o send_v messenger_n to_o the_o saxon_a king_n command_v they_o to_o restore_v again_o to_o the_o briton_n the_o country_n of_o lhoyger_n briton_n out_o of_o the_o which_o they_o have_v wrongful_o expel_v their_o parent_n and_o ancestor_n add_v that_o if_o they_o will_v not_o so_o do_v within_o fifteen_o day_n they_o shall_v not_o enjoy_v it_o any_o long_o the_o which_o message_n inas_fw-la the_o noble_a king_n of_o westsex_n signify_v unto_o all_o the_o other_o saxon_a king_n who_o soon_o meet_v together_o in_o mount_n campeden_fw-ge to_o who_o sibertus_fw-la king_n of_o essex_n speak_v thus_o dear_a friend_n and_o companion_n king_n let_v we_o
weigh_v and_o consider_v not_o only_o what_o we_o be_v ourselves_o but_o also_o what_o our_o enemy_n be_v which_o come_v against_o we_o they_o be_v the_o very_a briton_n who_o father_n and_o ancestor_n our_o father_n have_v béereft_v of_o their_o inheritance_n and_o expel_v out_o of_o their_o own_o land_n and_o now_o they_o justly_o come_v against_o we_o to_o claim_v that_o which_o our_o ancestor_n by_o violence_n have_v take_v from_o they_o let_v we_o therefore_o like_o other_o nation_n choose_v unto_o we_o a_o head_n to_o lead_v direct_v and_o govern_v we_o who_o as_o chief_a lord_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n we_o as_o member_n may_v obey_v and_o stick_v to_o since_o without_o a_o head_n there_o be_v no_o victory_n to_o be_v look_v for_o have_v not_o the_o briton_n after_o two_o year_n of_o their_o dispersion_n set_v upon_o the_o ancient_a saxon_n a_o more_o valiant_a people_n than_o we_o be_v fifteen_o time_n within_o seven_o year_n do_v they_o not_o spoil_v their_o kingdom_n kill_v their_o people_n and_o leave_v such_o as_o remain_v alive_a sore_o wound_v and_o maim_v at_o their_o departure_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n agree_v unto_o his_o mind_n and_o with_o one_o assent_n choose_v that_o worthy_a knight_n inas_fw-la king_n of_o westsex_n to_o be_v their_o sovereign_n who_o have_v take_v their_o homage_n advance_v his_o standard_n and_o march_v forward_o against_o juor_fw-la and_o henyr_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o so_o that_o they_o be_v fain_o to_o forsake_v their_o tent_n and_o fly_v into_o wales_n thus_o inas_fw-la have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n with_o the_o other_o saxon_a king_n save_v sibertus_fw-la who_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o age_n and_o impotency_n have_v depart_v home_o before_o return_v to_o south_n hampton_a where_o his_o cousin_n adelard_n inform_v he_o that_o juor_fw-la and_o henyr_n have_v gather_v and_o levy_v a_o puissant_a army_n afresh_o to_o set_v upon_o the_o saxon_n where_o upon_o inas_fw-la foreslow_v not_o the_o matter_n but_o go_v against_o they_o and_o lay_v séege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o snowdon_n compel_v the_o briton_n to_o fly_v to_o their_o ship_n and_o while_o he_o be_v at_o bangor_n with_o the_o other_o saxon_a king_n and_o the_o noble_n of_o wales_n he_o keep_v the_o feast_n of_o s._n david_n and_o then_o dismiss_v the_o other_o king_n home_n to_o their_o country_n until_o they_o shall_v be_v call_v for_o again_o and_o depart_v himself_o with_o adelard_n his_o cousin_n to_o queen_n ethelburga_n be_v then_o at_o manchester_n and_o continue_v there_o almost_o three_o month_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n adelard_n mind_v to_o travel_v about_o all_o wales_n meet_v three_o spy_n of_o who_o be_v by_o he_o take_v and_o examine_v he_o learn_v that_o juor_fw-la and_o henyr_n be_v return_v again_o with_o a_o huge_a army_n of_o such_o strength_n and_o force_n as_o all_o the_o saxon_a king_n be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v then_o go_v he_o and_o show_v inas_fw-la what_o he_o have_v hear_v wherefore_o inas_fw-la forthwith_o certify_v the_o other_o saxon_a king_n of_o the_o same_o command_v they_o without_o delay_n to_o be_v ready_a at_o chester_n with_o horse_n and_o armour_n to_o go_v against_o their_o enemy_n and_o to_o defend_v their_o country_n from_o violence_n who_o accord_o meet_v at_o chester_n and_o follow_v the_o king_n standard_n give_v the_o britons_n battle_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n howbeit_o the_o briton_n eftsoon_o invade_v england_n and_o make_v seven_o road_n in_o two_o year_n destroy_v town_n and_o village_n wheresoever_o they_o come_v and_o never_o return_v without_o great_a and_o rich_a booty_n inas_fw-la after_o this_o victory_n return_v home_o and_o reign_v over_o the_o west_n saxon_n 36._o year_n and_o then_o bequeath_v his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o cousin_n adelard_n thus_o much_o out_o of_o castoreus_n this_o juor_fw-la make_v the_o fratrie_n of_o glastenburie_n call_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n ynys_n aualon_n joseph_n of_o aremathia_n be_v send_v by_o philip_n the_o apostle_n as_o gildas_n report_v gildas_n come_v into_o this_o island_n in_o the_o day_n of_o aruiragus_n king_n of_o britain_n polydore_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 53._o and_o instruct_v the_o briton_n in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o salvation_n in_o the_o will_v of_o aualon_n where_o he_o build_v a_o church_n for_o the_o christian_n which_o church_n this_o juor_fw-la if_o it_o be_v he_o that_o govern_v the_o west_n saxon_n convert_v to_o a_o abbey_n and_o endow_v the_o same_o with_o large_a possession_n bale_n which_o be_v the_o more_o famous_a because_o the_o body_n of_o the_o say_v joseph_n of_o aremathia_n and_o king_n arthur_n be_v there_o bury_v he_o give_v also_o great_a land_n to_o the_o church_n of_o winchester_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o juors_n reign_n brythe_o a_o subject_n to_o egfride_n king_n of_o northumberland_n do_v overrun_v and_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n of_o ireland_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n there_o be_v a_o great_a earthquake_n in_o the_o will_v of_o man_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v it_o reign_v blood_n in_o britain_n and_o in_o ireland_n the_o milk_n likewise_o and_o the_o butter_n turn_v to_o the_o colour_n of_o blood_n west_n the_o second_o year_n after_o that_o the_o moon_n appear_v all_o bloody_a after_o the_o departure_n of_o juor_fw-la to_o rome_n adelard_n or_o adelred_n take_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o rodericus_fw-la or_o roderi_fw-la molwynoc_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n ywrch_n do_v take_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o briton_n in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o england_n roderike_n molwynoc_n roderike_n or_o rodri_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n ywrch_n the_o year_n 733._o 733_o die_v beda_n priest_n bring_v up_o in_o the_o abbey_n of_o wyrnetham_n jatewe_v a_o great_a clerk_n that_o write_v many_o work_n among_o which_o there_o be_v one_o entitle_v the_o ecclesiastical_a history_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n dedicate_v unto_o cleolwolfe_n king_n of_o northumberland_n this_o year_n adelard_n king_n of_o westsex_n and_o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mertia_n join_v their_o power_n against_o the_o briton_n and_o give_v they_o battle_n and_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n and_o great_a slaughter_n upon_o either_o part_n obtain_v a_o bloody_a victory_n the_o year_n 735._o 735_o adelard_n king_n of_o westsex_n die_v and_o cudred_a reign_v in_o his_o place_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v die_v edwin_n king_n of_o the_o picte_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 746._o 193._o there_o be_v a_o great_a battle_n fight_v at_o hereford_n betwixt_o cudred_a and_o ethelbaldus_fw-la where_o after_o a_o long_a fight_n cudred_a have_v the_o victory_n also_o the_o next_o year_n ensue_v he_o give_v the_o briton_n and_o overthrow_n and_o die_v short_o after_o 193._o the_o briton_n see_v they_o can_v little_o prevail_v against_o the_o saxon_n join_v in_o league_n with_o cuthred_a king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n who_o then_o be_v out_o with_o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mertia_n whereupon_o the_o say_a ethelbald_n enter_v into_o wales_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n and_o the_o briton_n meet_v he_o and_o be_v there_o discomfit_v after_o that_o cuthr_v and_o ethelbald_n meet_v in_o the_o field_n where_o ethelbald_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n but_o anon_o after_o they_o two_o be_v make_v friend_n and_o join_v together_o their_o power_n against_o the_o briton_n and_o overcome_v they_o west_n after_o cuthred_n in_o the_o year_n 749._o be_v sigebert_n create_v king_n 749_o who_o for_o his_o evil_a behaviour_n be_v expel_v by_o his_o noble_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n kenulph_n and_o be_v miserable_o slay_v by_o a_o swineherd_n after_o who_o kenulph_n be_v make_v king_n of_o west_n saxon_n the_o year_n 750._o 750_o about_o the_o same_o time_n die_v theodor_n the_o son_n of_o belin_n a_o man_n of_o great_a estimation_n among_o the_o briton_n not_o long_o after_o there_o be_v a_o great_a battle_n fight_v betwixt_o the_o briton_n and_o the_o picte_n at_o a_o place_n call_v magedawc_n where_o dalargan_n king_n of_o the_o picte_n be_v slay_v within_o a_o little_a after_o roderi_fw-la or_o roderike_n molwynoc_n be_v drive_v by_o the_o saxon_n to_o forsake_v the_o west_n country_n &_o to_o come_v to_o seek_v his_o own_o inheritance_n in_o north-wales_n where_o rule_v at_o that_o time_n the_o child_n of_o bletius_n or_o bledericus_n prince_n of_o cornewal_n &_o devonshire_n who_o be_v one_o of_o they_o that_o give_v adelred_n and_o ethelbert_n the_o overthrow_n at_o bangor_n upon_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi who_o enjoy_v the_o governance_n of_o north-wales_n ever_o sithence_o caduan_n be_v choose_v king_n of_o britain_n until_o this_o time_n by_o this_o history_n it_o shall_v seem_v that_o the_o briton_n continue_v their_o government_n in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o lhoegria_n until_o this_o time_n but_o sure_o the_o consent_n in_o a_o manner_n of_o all_o
writer_n be_v that_o the_o british_a kingdom_n end_v in_o cadwallader_n after_o who_o the_o briton_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v beyond_o severne_n be_v constrain_v to_o keep_v themselves_o within_o the_o country_n of_o cambria_n and_o cornubia_n it_o be_v also_o write_v by_o diverse_a that_o juor_fw-la and_o ynyr_n at_o their_o first_o arrive_v in_o britain_n be_v repel_v by_o the_o saxon_n and_o drive_v to_o wales_n where_o juor_fw-la rule_v as_o prince_n many_o year_n who_o this_o roderi_fw-la or_o roderike_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n the_o son_n of_o cadwallader_n succéede_v when_o roderike_n king_n of_o the_o britain_n have_v reign_v about_o 30._o year_n he_o die_v the_o year_n 750._o leave_v two_o son_n after_o he_o conan_n tindaythwy_n &_o howel_n conan_n tindaethwy_n conan_n tindaethwy_o the_o son_n of_o roderike_n 81._o i_o read_v that_o this_o hylda_n which_o be_v the_o néece_n of_o edwine_n king_n of_o northumberland_n bring_v up_o by_o pauline_n and_o aedan_n in_o a_o public_a synod_n do_v withstand_v wilfride_n and_o other_o superstitious_a monk_n in_o these_o toy_n and_o trifle_n all_o edge_v for_o she_o out_o of_o polycrates_n the_o fact_n of_o irenaeus_n who_o withstand_v victor_n bishop_n of_o rome_n in_o that_o behalf_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o church_n of_o asia_n observe_v by_o s._n john_n the_o evangelist_n philip_n the_o apostle_n polycarpus_n and_o melito_n and_o teach_v in_o this_o island_n of_o britain_n by_o joseph_n of_o arimathea_n who_o first_o preach_v the_o gospel_n in_o the_o same_o 763_o in_o the_o year_n 763._o be_v offa_n make_v king_n of_o mercia_n and_o brichtrich_n king_n of_o west_n saxon_n in_o the_o which_o year_n die_v fermael_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v cemoyd_v the_o king_n of_o the_o picte_n the_o year_n 776._o the_o man_n of_o southwales_n destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o mercia_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n and_o the_o summer_n follow_v all_o the_o welshman_n gather_v themselves_o together_o and_o enter_v the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n and_o do_v much_o hurt_v there_o caest._n the_o saxon_n which_o border_v upon_o the_o country_n of_o cambria_n or_o wales_n do_v daily_o encroach_v so_o upon_o the_o land_n of_o the_o welshman_n beyond_o seaverne_n that_o they_o have_v get_v much_o of_o the_o same_o into_o their_o hand_n especial_o towards_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o country_n wherefore_o the_o welshman_n put_v themselves_o in_o armour_n and_o set_v upon_o the_o saxon_n and_o chase_v they_o over_o seaverne_n again_o and_o then_o return_v home_o with_o a_o great_a prey_n and_o thus_o they_o do_v oftentimes_o kill_v and_o destroy_v all_o before_o they_o and_o always_o bring_v home_o with_o they_o much_o cattle_n which_o thing_n cause_v offa_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o other_o saxon_a king_n and_o to_o bend_v his_o whole_a force_n against_o the_o welshman_n whereupon_o offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n cause_v a_o great_a ditch_n to_o be_v make_v west_n large_a and_o deep_a from_o sea_n to_o sea_n betwixt_o his_o kingdom_n and_o wales_n whereby_o he_o may_v the_o better_o defend_v his_o country_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o welshman_n and_o this_o ditch_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o many_o place_n as_o yet_o and_o be_v call_v clawdh_n offa_n offa._n which_o be_v offas_n ditch_n at_o this_o day_n king_n offa_n call_v to_o his_o aid_n the_o other_o saxon_a king_n gather_v a_o huge_a army_n and_o come_v over_o seaverne_n into_o wales_n upon_o who_o come_v the_o welshman_n be_v not_o able_a to_o encounter_v with_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o arm_a soldier_n leave_v the_o plain_a and_o even_o country_n by_o seaverne_n side_n and_o the_o land_n between_o it_o and_o the_o river_n wye_fw-mi and_o withdraw_v themselves_o to_o the_o mountain_n and_o rock_n where_o they_o may_v be_v most_o in_o safety_n until_o the_o enemy_n be_v avoid_v out_o of_o the_o country_n yet_o nevertheless_o continual_o they_o make_v diverse_a invasion_n by_o stealth_n into_o the_o land_n of_o mercia_n &_o always_o return_v with_o advantage_n so_o that_o the_o saxon_n by_o keep_v themselves_o encamp_v can_v do_v no_o good_a for_o they_o dare_v not_o pursue_v the_o welshman_n to_o the_o mountain_n and_o wood_n for_o fear_n of_o entrap_a by_o such_o as_o keep_v the_o strait_n and_o passage_n when_o offa_n perceive_v that_o by_o open_a war_n he_o can_v do_v no_o good_a he_o expel_v all_o the_o welshman_n out_o of_o the_o plain_a and_o even_o country_n between_o seaverne_n and_o wye_n and_o plant_v saxon_n in_o the_o same_o and_o annex_v it_o to_o his_o own_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n cause_v this_o great_a &_o famous_a ditch_n whereof_o mention_n be_v in_o this_o place_n to_o be_v make_v to_o save_v his_o people_n from_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o welshman_n whereupon_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o powy_n be_v translate_v from_o pengwern_n now_o call_v salop_n to_o mathrual_a where_o it_o continue_v long_o after_o 795_o in_o the_o year_n 795._o the_o dane_n come_v first_o into_o england_n 289._o and_o six_o year_n after_o they_o come_v again_o &_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o lindsey_n and_o northumberland_n and_o overrun_v the_o most_o part_n of_o ireland_n and_o destroy_v rechreyn_a also_o about_o the_o same_o time_n there_o be_v a_o battle_n fight_v at_o ruthlan_n between_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o welshman_n where_o caradoc_n king_n of_o north-wales_n be_v slay_v this_o caradoc_n be_v the_o son_n of_o gwyn_n the_o son_n of_o colhoyn_n the_o son_n of_o ednowen_a the_o son_n of_o blethyn_n the_o son_n of_o blecius_fw-la or_o bledricus_fw-la prince_n of_o cornwall_n and_o devonshire_n also_o this_o year_n die_v offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o egfert_v his_o son_n reign_v in_o his_o stead_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 800._o egbertus_fw-la be_v make_v king_n of_o westsex_n and_o kenulphus_n the_o year_n follow_v treat_v king_n of_o mercia_n arthen_a also_o the_o son_n of_o sitsylht_n the_o son_n of_o clydawc_n king_n of_o caerdigan_n die_v the_o same_o year_n likewise_o run_v king_n of_o dyvet_n and_o cadelh_n king_n of_o powy_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 808._o 808_o this_o be_v a_o troublesome_a time_n and_o as_o yet_o no_o staid_a government_n establish_v in_o wales_n and_o therefore_o such_o as_o be_v chief_a lord_n in_o any_o country_n be_v here_o call_v king_n bale_n the_o next_o year_n after_o die_v elbodius_n archbishop_n of_o north-wales_n before_o who_o death_n the_o sun_n be_v sore_o eclipse_v in_o the_o year_n 810._o 810_o be_v the_o moon_n eclipse_v upon_o christmas_n day_n the_o same_o year_n s._n david_n be_v burn_v by_o the_o west_n saxon_n there_o be_v also_o a_o general_a morreine_a and_o death_n of_o cattle_n throughout_o all_o wales_n the_o next_o year_n ensue_a owen_n the_o son_n of_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o terudos_n die_v and_o the_o castle_n of_o degaunwy_n be_v destroy_v with_o thunder_n conan_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o his_o brother_n howel_n can_v not_o agree_v insomuch_o that_o they_o try_v the_o matter_n by_o battle_n wherein_o howel_n have_v the_o victory_n this_o howel_n the_o brother_n of_o conan_n king_n or_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v claim_v the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n for_o part_n of_o his_o father_n inheritance_n which_o conan_n refuse_v to_o give_v he_o and_o thereupon_o they_o fall_v at_o variance_n and_o consequent_o to_o make_v war_n the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o which_o be_v unnatural_a among_o brethren_n here_o i_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o custom_n and_o tenure_n of_o wales_n whereof_o this_o mischief_n grow_v that_o be_v the_o division_n of_o the_o father_n inheritance_n among_o all_o the_o son_n common_o call_v gavel_n kind_a gavel_n be_v a_o british_a term_n signify_v a_o hold_n because_o every_o one_o of_o the_o son_n do_v hold_v some_o portion_n of_o his_o father_n land_n as_o his_o lawful_a son_n and_o successor_n this_o be_v the_o cause_n not_o only_o of_o the_o overthrow_n of_o all_o the_o ancient_a nobility_n of_o wales_n for_o by_o that_o mean_n the_o inheritance_n be_v continual_o divide_v and_o subdivide_v among_o the_o child_n and_o the_o child_n child_n etc._n etc._n be_v at_o length_n bring_v to_o nothing_o but_o also_o of_o much_o bloudshead_n and_o unnatural_a strife_n and_o contention_n among_o brethren_n as_o we_o have_v here_o a_o example_n and_o many_o other_o in_o this_o history_n this_o kind_n of_o partition_n be_v very_o good_a to_o plant_v and_o settle_v any_o nation_n in_o a_o large_a country_n not_o inhabit_v but_o in_o a_o populous_a country_n already_o furnish_v with_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v the_o very_a decay_n of_o great_a family_n and_o as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o cause_n of_o strife_n and_o debate_n and_o the_o next_o year_n there_o be_v much_o hurt_n do_v by_o thunder_n and_o in_o
serve_v for_o a_o man_n necessary_a defence_n and_o be_v not_o distrainable_a without_o the_o prince_n his_o licence_n 5_o cause_n of_o inheritance_n be_v not_o hear_v or_o determine_v but_o from_o the_o nine_o of_o november_n till_o the_o nine_o of_o february_n or_o from_o the_o nine_o of_o may_n until_o the_o nine_o of_o august_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n be_v count_v a_o time_n of_o vacation_n for_o sow_v in_o the_o spring_n and_o reap_v in_o the_o harvest_n 6_o this_o also_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o all_o matter_n of_o inheritance_n of_o land_n be_v determine_v and_o adjudge_v by_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n in_o person_n or_o his_o special_a deputy_n if_o he_o be_v sick_a or_o impotent_a and_o that_o upon_o view_n of_o the_o same_o land_n call_v unto_o he_o the_o fréeholder_n of_o that_o place_n two_o elder_n of_o his_o counsel_n the_o chief_a justice_n attend_v always_o in_o the_o court_n the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o the_o country_n where_o the_o land_n lie_v and_o the_o priest_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o proceed_v be_v thus_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n sit_v in_o his_o judicial_a seat_n high_o than_o the_o rest_n with_o a_o elder_a on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o another_o on_o his_o left_a and_o the_o fréeholder_n on_o both_o side_n next_o unto_o they_o which_o for_o this_o cause_n as_o i_o think_v be_v call_v vchelwyr_n before_o he_o direct_o a_o certain_a distance_n off_o and_o a_o little_a low_o sit_v his_o chief_a justice_n have_v the_o priest_n on_o his_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n of_o that_o country_n on_o the_o left_a the_o court_n be_v set_v the_o plaintiff_n come_v in_o with_o his_o advocate_n champion_n and_o ringylh_n or_o sergeant_n and_o stand_v on_o the_o left_a side_n then_o come_v in_o the_o defendant_n in_o like_a manner_n with_o his_o advocate_n champion_n and_o ringylh_n and_o stand_v on_o the_o right_a side_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o witness_n of_o both_o party_n come_v which_o stand_v direct_o before_o the_o chief_a justice_n at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o hall_n until_o they_o be_v call_v up_o to_o testify_v the_o truth_n of_o their_o knowledge_n in_o the_o matter_n in_o variance_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o which_o i_o think_v good_a here_o to_o lay_v down_o as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o page_n next_o follow_v after_o the_o hear_n of_o the_o book_n read_v the_o deposition_n of_o the_o witness_n and_o full_a plead_n of_o the_o cause_n in_o open_a court_n upon_o warn_v give_v by_o the_o rhinghylh_n the_o chief_a justice_n the_o priest_n and_o the_o ordinary_a judge_n withdraw_v themselves_o for_o a_o while_n to_o consult_v of_o the_o matter_n and_o then_o secundum_fw-la allegata_fw-la &_o probata_fw-la bring_v their_o verdict_n the_o court_n sit_v wheruppon_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n after_o consultation_n have_v with_o the_o elder_n or_o senior_n which_o sit_v by_o he_o give_v definitive_a sentence_n except_o the_o matter_n be_v so_o obscure_a and_o intricate_a that_o right_a and_o truth_n appear_v not_o in_o the_o which_o case_n it_o be_v try_v by_o the_o two_o champion_n and_o so_o the_o cause_n end_v this_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a for_o this_o time_n now_o therefore_o let_v we_o go_v forward_o in_o the_o history_n at_o this_o time_n the_o foresay_a king_n aulafe_a and_o regnald_n enter_v the_o land_n of_o edmund_n who_o gather_v his_o strength_n together_o follow_v they_o into_o northumberland_n and_o overcome_v they_o in_o plain_a battle_n and_o chase_v they_o out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o so_o remain_v a_o whole_a year_n in_o those_o part_n set_v thing_n in_o order_n and_o quiet_v of_o that_o country_n and_o because_o he_o can_v not_o by_o any_o mean_n bring_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o cumberland_n to_o live_v in_o any_o honest_a order_n he_o spoil_v that_o country_n and_o commit_v it_o to_o the_o rule_n of_o malcolme_n king_n of_o scotland_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v send_v he_o succour_n in_o all_o his_o war_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n 228._o some_o other_o write_v that_o king_n edmund_n be_v accompany_v with_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n which_o be_v after_o prince_n of_o wales_n enter_v cumberland_n and_o take_v the_o two_o son_n of_o dummaile_a king_n of_o that_o province_n 53._o put_v out_o their_o eye_n and_o then_o give_v that_o country_n to_o malcolme_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o with_o condition_n to_o keep_v the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o realm_n from_o incursion_n of_o enemy_n the_o which_o condition_n be_v afterward_o but_o slenderlie_o perform_v this_o malcolme_n be_v the_o son_n of_o donald_n king_n of_o scotland_n and_o be_v the_o next_o king_n after_o constantine_n the_o three_o be_v in_o number_n the_o 76._o 942_o in_o the_o year_n 942._o die_v hubert_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n the_o year_n also_o follow_v marclois_fw-fr bishop_n of_o bangor_n and_o vssa_n the_o son_n of_o lhavyr_n die_v the_o year_n 944._o 944_o the_o englishman_n do_v enter_v wales_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n and_o spoil_v strad_n clwyd_n and_o return_v home_o 222._o at_o which_o time_n conan_n the_o son_n of_o elise_n be_v put_v in_o danger_n of_o death_n by_o poison_n and_o everus_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n die_v the_o year_n after_o edmund_z king_n of_o england_n be_v slay_v by_o treason_n west_n as_o some_o writer_n say_v upon_o s._n augustine_n day_n as_o he_o be_v at_o dinner_n other_o say_v that_o he_o espy_v a_o outlaw_n sit_v in_o the_o hall_n and_o as_o he_o draw_v he_o from_o the_o table_n the_o outlaw_n slay_v the_o king_n with_o a_o knife_n cast._n and_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o as_o the_o king_n will_v have_v rescue_v a_o man_n of_o he_o from_o a_o officer_n who_o have_v arrest_v he_o the_o same_o officer_n slay_v he_o not_o know_v that_o he_o be_v the_o king_n he_o lie_v bury_v at_o glastenburie_n after_o who_o death_n edred_n or_o edfred_n his_o brother_n be_v crown_v in_o his_o place_n who_o make_v a_o expedition_n to_o scotland_n and_o northumberland_n and_o subdue_v they_o both_o and_o receive_v fealty_n and_o homage_n of_o the_o northumber_n and_o scot_n by_o oath_n which_o be_v not_o long_o keep_v in_o the_o year_n 948._o die_v howel_n dha_n the_o noble_a and_o worthy_a king_n or_o prince_n of_o wales_n 948_o who_o death_n be_v sore_o bewail_v of_o all_o man_n for_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n that_o love_v peace_n and_o good_a order_n &_o that_o fear_v god_n he_o leave_v behind_o he_o four_o son_n owen_n run_v roderike_n and_o edwin_n betwixt_o who_o and_o the_o son_n of_o edwal_n there_o be_v great_a war_n for_o the_o chief_a rule_n of_o wales_n as_o shall_v appear_v in_o the_o history_n follow_v jevaf_a and_o jago_n jevaf_a and_o jago_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n after_o the_o death_n of_o howel_n dha_n his_o son_n do_v divide_v southwales_n and_o powy_n betwixt_o they_o and_o jevaf_a and_o jago_n the_o second_o and_o three_o son_n of_o edwal_n voel_n rule_v north-wales_n because_o their_o elder_a brother_n meyric_n be_v not_o a_o man_n worthy_a to_o rule_v who_o come_v of_o the_o elder_a house_n will_v have_v have_v the_o chief_a rule_n of_o all_o wales_n which_o the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n deny_v they_o and_o thereupon_o jago_n or_o james_n and_o jevaf_n enter_v southwales_n with_o a_o great_a power_n against_o who_o come_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n and_o his_o brethren_n and_o fight_v together_o at_o the_o hill_n of_o carno_n where_o jago_n and_o jevaf_n have_v the_o victory_n and_o the_o year_n follow_v the_o same_o brethren_n do_v twice_o enter_v into_o southwales_n and_o spoil_v dyvet_n and_o slay_v dwnwalhon_n the_o lord_n thereof_o and_o within_o a_o while_n after_o die_v roderike_n one_o of_o the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n in_o the_o year_n 952._o the_o son_n of_o howel_n gather_v their_o strength_n together_o against_o jevaf_n and_o jago_n 952_o and_o enter_v their_o land_n to_o the_o river_n of_o conwy_n where_o they_o fight_v a_o cruel_a battle_n at_o a_o place_n call_v gwrgustu_n or_o lhanrwst_n as_o some_o think_v where_o a_o great_a number_n be_v slay_v upon_o either_o side_n as_o anarawd_n the_o son_n of_o gwyriad_n or_o vriet_n the_o son_n of_o roderike_n the_o great_a and_o edwin_n the_o son_n of_o howel_n dha_n in_o the_o which_o battle_n be_v overthrow_v the_o son_n of_o howel_n who_o jevaf_n and_o jago_n pursue_v to_o caerdigan_n and_o destroy_v their_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n about_o this_o time_n yarthyr_n the_o son_n of_o mervyn_n be_v drown_v and_o the_o year_n follow_v congelach_n king_n of_o ireland_n be_v slay_v but_o to_o return_v to_o edred_n king_n of_o england_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v return_v to_o his_o own_o land_n aulaf_fw-mi with_o a_o great_a army_n land_v in_o northumberland_n and_o be_v receive_v of_o
year_n joseph_n bishop_n of_o teilo_n or_o landaf_n die_v at_o rome_n the_o land_n be_v thus_o quiet_v gruffyth_v rule_v all_o wales_n without_o any_o trouble_n till_o about_o two_o year_n after_o the_o gentleman_n of_o ystrad_n towy_n do_v by_o treason_n kill_v 140._o of_o the_o prince_n his_o best_a soldier_n to_o revenge_v who_o death_n the_o king_n gruffyth_v destroy_v all_o dyvet_n and_o ystrad_n towy_a here_o be_v also_o to_o be_v note_v that_o such_o snow_n fall_v this_o year_n that_o it_o lie_v upon_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o kalend_n of_o januarie_n to_o the_o 14._o of_o march_n about_o this_o time_n lothen_n and_o hyrl_a land_v at_o sandwich_n with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o dane_n and_o after_o they_o have_v spoil_v the_o town_n they_o return_v to_o their_o ship_n and_o sail_v to_o flanders_n and_o sell_v their_o booty_n and_o so_o sail_v to_o their_o country_n at_o this_o time_n also_o earl_n swayne_n return_v to_o england_n and_o come_v to_o his_o father_n house_n at_o pevenese_n and_o humble_o beseech_v his_o father_n and_o his_o brethren_n haroald_v &_o tostie_n to_o procure_v he_o the_o king_n favour_n so_o earl_n beorn_v promise_v to_o entreat_v the_o king_n for_o he_o and_o go_v with_o swain_n to_o his_o ship_n where_o he_o be_v traitorouslie_o murder_v and_o his_o body_n leave_v upon_o the_o shore_n until_o his_o friend_n be_v certify_v of_o the_o same_o fetch_v he_o away_o and_o bury_v he_o at_o winchester_n where_o his_o uncle_n king_n cnute_n have_v be_v bury_v before_o swayne_n have_v commit_v this_o wicked_a fact_n sail_v again_o to_o flanders_n and_o continue_v there_o till_o his_o father_n make_v peace_n with_o the_o king_n and_o bring_v he_o in_o favour_n again_o about_o a_o year_n after_o 1050_o in_o the_o year_n 1050._o conan_n the_o son_n of_o jago_n do_v gather_v a_o army_n of_o his_o friend_n in_o ireland_n mind_v to_o recover_v his_o inheritance_n again_o and_o as_o he_o sail_v towards_o wales_n there_o arise_v such_o a_o tempest_n that_o it_o scatter_v his_o navy_n abroad_o and_o drown_v the_o most_o part_n of_o his_o ship_n so_o that_o he_o be_v disappoint_v of_o his_o purpose_n &_o lose_v his_o labour_n short_o after_o robert_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n accuse_v earl_n godwyn_n and_o his_o son_n swain_n and_o haroald_n of_o treason_n and_o the_o queen_n of_o adultery_n who_o because_o they_o refuse_v to_o appear_v be_v call_v before_o the_o king_n be_v banish_v the_o land_n and_o the_o queen_n put_v away_o from_o the_o king_n whereupon_o godwyn_n with_o swayne_n flee_v to_o flanders_n and_o haroald_v to_o ireland_n 271._o eustace_n earl_n of_o bologne_n the_o father_n of_o godfrey_n have_v marry_v goda_n king_n edward_n sister_n the_o widow_n of_o walter_n de_fw-fr maunt_n come_v to_o england_n to_o his_o brother_n in_o law_n and_o as_o he_o be_v return_v home_o again_o one_o of_o his_o servant_n kill_v a_o man_n at_o canturburie_n or_o at_o dover_n as_o matt._n westm._n have_v whereof_o grow_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n and_o slaughter_n on_o both_o side_n 419._o whereupon_o eustace_n return_v again_o make_v a_o gréevous_a complaint_n to_o king_n edward_n upon_o the_o kentishman_n who_o part_n earl_n godwyn_n take_v because_o they_o be_v of_o his_o county_n but_o eustace_n by_o the_o suggestion_n of_o robert_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n who_o hate_v godwyn_n and_o his_o son_n so_o incense_a king_n edward_n against_o he_o and_o the_o kentishman_n park_n that_o godwyn_n and_o his_o son_n be_v send_v for_o to_o answer_v the_o matter_n before_o the_o king_n at_o gloucester_n whereupon_o godwyn_n fear_v the_o king_n displeasure_n who_o can_v never_o brook_v he_o sithence_o the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n alfred_n gather_v a_o army_n out_o of_o kent_n and_o other_o country_n where_o his_o son_n rule_v and_o so_o come_v towards_o gloucester_n report_v abroad_o that_o all_o this_o preparation_n be_v make_v to_o resist_v gruffyth_o prince_n of_o wales_n who_o as_o they_o affirm_v be_v ready_a with_o a_o army_n to_o invade_v the_o march_n but_o king_n edward_n be_v certify_v by_o the_o welshman_n that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o hand_n command_v godwyn_n to_o send_v back_o his_o army_n and_o to_o come_v himself_o to_o answer_v according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o law_n which_o when_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o earl_n leofrike_n appoint_v a_o parliament_n and_o meeting_n at_o london_n to_o take_v order_n in_o these_o matter_n where_o the_o king_n come_v with_o a_o great_a army_n out_o of_o mercia_n and_o other_o western_a country_n then_o godwyn_n remain_v with_o his_o army_n in_o southwerke_n and_o perceive_v how_o that_o diverse_a of_o his_o friend_n disappoint_v he_o and_o other_o daily_a forsake_v he_o and_o go_v to_o the_o king_n part_n despair_v to_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v the_o king_n proceed_n against_o he_o convey_v himself_o away_o privily_o with_o his_o son_n and_o flee_v out_o of_o the_o land_n whereupon_o king_n edward_n proclaim_v he_o and_o his_o son_n outlaw_n confiscate_v their_o good_n and_o give_v their_o land_n to_o other_o of_o his_o nobility_n then_o the_o king_n give_v to_o adonan_n the_o earldom_n of_o devonshire_n and_o dorsetshire_n and_o to_o algar_n son_n of_o earl_n leofrick_n the_o earldom_n of_o haroald_n nevertheless_o godwyn_n and_o swayne_n get_v man_n and_o ship_n in_o flanders_n and_o sail_v to_o the_o will_v of_o wight_n which_o they_o spoil_v and_o so_o they_o do_v portland_n at_o the_o same_o time_n haroald_n come_v from_o ireland_n and_o waft_v alongst_o the_o shore_n spoil_v the_o country_n as_o he_o go_v at_o length_n meet_v with_o his_o father_n &_o brother_n who_o be_v together_o burn_a pâ—eveneseâ—y_n romney_n heath_n folkston_n dover_n and_o sandwich_n &_o enter_v the_o thames_n destroy_v sheppey_n and_o burn_v the_o king_n house_n at_o mydltowne_n and_o afterward_o sail_v up_o towards_o london_n where_o by_o the_o way_n they_o meet_v with_o the_o king_n and_o so_o sail_v with_o he_o &_o when_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o fight_v a_o accord_n be_v make_v by_o mean_n of_o bishop_n stigand_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o king_n restore_v they_o their_o land_n and_o good_n take_v home_o the_o queen_n and_o banish_v the_o archbishop_n with_o all_o the_o frenchman_n which_o have_v put_v that_o suspicion_n in_o the_o king_n head_n mat._n westm._n write_v that_o about_o this_o time_n to_o wit_n an._n 1053._o rees_n the_o brother_n of_o gruffyth_n king_n of_o wales_n be_v slay_v in_o a_o place_n call_v bulendune_n 420._o who_o head_n be_v present_v to_o king_n edward_n the_o day_n before_o the_o epiphanie_n the_o king_n be_v then_o at_o gloucester_n a_o little_a after_o that_o oswald_z earl_n of_o northumberland_n when_o he_o hear_v that_o his_o son_n be_v slay_v in_o scotland_n whither_o his_o father_n have_v send_v he_o to_o conquer_v it_o ask_v whether_o his_o death_n wound_n be_v in_o his_o breast_n or_o in_o his_o back_n and_o they_o say_v in_o his_o breast_n and_o he_o answer_v i_o be_o right_a glad_a thereof_o for_o i_o will_v not_o wish_v i_o nor_o my_o son_n to_o die_v otherwise_o then_o king_n edward_n enter_v scotland_n and_o overcome_v the_o king_n in_o battle_n &_o subdue_v the_o whole_a land_n to_o himself_o the_o year_n follow_v earl_n godwyn_n die_v at_o the_o king_n table_n choke_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o bread_n who_o earldom_n haroald_v his_o son_n have_v and_o algar_n earl_n of_o chester_n have_v the_o earldom_n of_o haroald_n 5._o about_o this_o time_n makbeth_n king_n of_o scotland_n cause_v a_o noble_a man_n of_o his_o name_n bancho_fw-la to_o be_v cruel_o murder_v whereupon_o fleance_n the_o son_n of_o the_o say_v bancho_fw-la escape_v the_o hand_n of_o makbeth_n 62._o flee_v to_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n where_o be_v ioifullie_o receive_v and_o entertain_v courteous_o he_o grow_v into_o such_o favour_n with_o the_o say_a prince_n that_o he_o think_v nothing_o too_o good_a for_o he_o but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n fleance_n forget_v the_o courtesy_n to_o he_o show_v 247._o fall_v in_o love_n with_o the_o princess_n daughter_n and_o get_v she_o with_o child_n which_o thing_n the_o prince_n take_v in_o so_o ill_a part_n that_o he_o in_o a_o rage_n cause_v fleance_n to_o be_v kill_v hold_v his_o daughter_n in_o most_o vile_a estate_n of_o servitude_n for_o so_o suffer_v herself_o to_o be_v deflower_v by_o a_o stranger_n at_o length_n she_o be_v deliver_v of_o a_o son_n which_o be_v name_v walter_n who_o in_o few_o year_n prove_v a_o man_n of_o great_a courage_n and_o valiancy_n in_o who_o from_o his_o childhood_n appear_v a_o certain_a nobleness_n of_o mind_n ready_a to_o attempt_v any_o great_a enterprise_n this_o walter_n on_o a_o time_n fall_v out_o with_o one_o of_o his_o
daughter_n to_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n by_o who_o he_o have_v issue_n mahael_n and_o a_o daughter_n this_o mahael_n be_v a_o worthy_a knight_n be_v disinherit_v by_o the_o malice_n of_o his_o own_o mother_n who_o contrary_a to_o matrimonial_a duty_n keep_v unlawful_a company_n with_o a_o knight_n who_o she_o set_v more_o by_o than_o her_o husband_n whereupon_o mahael_n be_v offend_v with_o the_o dissolute_a life_n of_o his_o mother_n warn_v she_o to_o avoid_v infamy_n and_o on_o a_o time_n meeting_n the_o say_a knight_n come_v from_o she_o fight_v with_o he_o and_o hurt_v he_o sore_o wherefore_o nest_n to_o be_v avenge_v of_o her_o son_n for_o that_o fact_n go_v to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o and_o solemn_o rather_o of_o malice_n and_o revengement_n as_o giraldus_n note_v than_o of_o any_o truth_n swear_v upon_o the_o evangelist_n that_o the_o say_v mahael_n her_o son_n be_v not_o beget_v by_o barnard_n newmarch_n her_o husband_n but_o by_o another_o lover_n of_o she_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o which_o oath_n or_o perjury_n rather_o as_o my_o author_n think_v mahael_n be_v disinherit_v and_o his_o sister_n who_o her_o mother_n affirm_v to_o be_v the_o very_a daughter_n of_o the_o say_v barnard_n be_v by_o the_o say_a king_n with_o the_o whole_a inheritance_n bestow_v upon_o milo_n the_o son_n of_o walter_n constable_n who_o be_v after_o create_v earl_n of_o hereford_n lord_n of_o gloucester_n brechnocke_n and_o the_o forest_n of_o deane_n this_o milo_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o lord_n of_o brechnocke_n as_o the_o same_o giraldus_n write_v tell_v king_n henry_n the_o first_o of_o the_o sing_n &_o triumph_v of_o bird_n by_o the_o pool_n call_v lhyn_a savathan_n at_o the_o pass_n by_o of_o gruffyth_o ap_fw-mi rees_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n the_o say_a milo_n and_o paine_n fitz_n john_n lord_n of_o ewyas_n land_n be_v present_a whereunto_o the_o king_n answer_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v woonder_v at_o so_o much_o for_o in_o truth_n say_v he_o although_o we_o by_o our_o great_a force_n and_o strength_n do_v offer_v injury_n and_o violence_n to_o that_o nation_n yet_o be_v they_o well_o know_v to_o be_v the_o lawful_a inheritor_n of_o that_o country_n the_o word_n of_o giraldus_n be_v these_o quibus_fw-la auditis_fw-la rex_fw-la respondisse_fw-la memoratur_fw-la illud_fw-la non-adeo_a esse_fw-la admirandum_fw-la quia_fw-la licèt_fw-la gentibus_fw-la illis_fw-la per_fw-la vires_fw-la nostras_fw-la magnas_fw-la iniuriam_fw-la &_o violentiam_fw-la irrogemus_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la tamen_fw-la in_o terris_fw-la ijsdemius_fw-la haereditarium_fw-la habere_fw-la noscuntur_fw-la milo_n have_v by_o his_o say_a wife_n five_o son_n to_o wit_n roger_n walter_n henry_n william_n and_o mahael_n which_o be_v all_o successivelie_o except_o william_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o lord_n of_o brechnocke_n and_o die_v all_o without_o issue_n he_o have_v also_o three_o daughter_n margaret_z the_o elder_a marry_v to_o humphrey_n de_fw-fr bohune_n the_o son_n of_o humphrey_n bohune_n steward_n in_o house_n to_o william_n rufus_n which_o be_v the_o son_n of_o humphrey_n le_fw-fr bohune_n that_o come_v into_o enlgand_n with_o william_n conqueror_n this_o humphrey_n be_v in_o her_o right_a earl_n of_o hereford_n &_o constable_n of_o england_n bertha_n the_o second_o daughter_n be_v marry_v unto_o philip_n bruse_n create_v by_o king_n stephan_n lord_n bruse_n of_o gower_n bould_n and_o brimber_n and_o in_o his_o wife_n right_a lord_n of_o brechnock_n lanthon_n lucia_n the_o three_o daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o herebert_n the_o son_n of_o herebert_n a_o base_a son_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o who_o be_v in_o her_o right_a lord_n of_o all_o the_o forest_n of_o deane_n of_o who_o descend_v the_o fitz_n herebert_n of_o derbishire_n the_o castle_n of_o brechnock_n be_v first_o build_v by_o the_o say_v barnard_n newmarch_n be_v great_o augment_v and_o beautify_v by_o the_o last_o humphrey_n bohune_n earl_n of_o hereford_n essex_n northampton_n and_o constable_n of_o england_n constable_n who_o have_v issue_v two_o daughter_n his_o heir_n elinor_n the_o elder_a be_v marry_v unto_o thomas_n plantagenet_n alias_z thomas_z of_o woodstock_n the_o sixth_o son_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o who_o be_v by_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o create_a earl_n of_o buckingham_n and_o after_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n and_o in_o her_o right_a earl_n of_o essex_n northampton_n and_o constable_n of_o england_n marry_o the_o second_o daughter_n be_v marry_v to_o henry_n plantagenet_n alias_z bolingbrooke_n earl_n of_o derbie_n who_o be_v afterward_o king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o name_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o the_o say_v thomas_n plantagenet_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n and_o lord_n of_o brechnock_n have_v issue_n humphrey_n plantagenet_n earl_n of_o buckingham_n lord_n of_o brechnock_n &c_n &c_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o 4._o daughter_n which_o be_v heir_n after_o their_o brother_n anne_n the_o elder_a be_v marry_v to_o edmund_n stafford_n earl_n of_o stafford_n who_o by_o she_o have_v issue_n humphrey_n earl_n of_o stafford_n hereford_n &_o northampton_n lord_n of_o brechnock_n etc._n etc._n and_o afterward_o the_o say_a anne_n be_v marry_v to_o william_n viscount_n burgcher_n create_v earl_n of_o ewe_n in_o france_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o father_n of_o henry_n create_v earl_n of_o essex_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o this_o humphrey_n earl_n stafford_n be_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_o create_v duke_n of_o buckingham_n and_o so_o this_o lordship_n of_o brechnock_n come_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n and_o by_o the_o attainder_n of_o edward_n the_o last_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n be_v come_v to_o the_o crown_n there_o come_v many_o gentleman_n with_o the_o say_v barnard_n newmarch_n at_o that_o time_n to_o brechnock_v upon_o who_o he_o bestow_v diverse_a manor_n which_o their_o heir_n do_v possess_v and_o enjoy_v even_o to_o our_o time_n as_o to_o the_o awbreye_v the_o manor_n of_o abercynuric_n and_o slouch_n to_o the_o walbiefe_n the_o manor_n of_o lhanhamlach_n and_o taly_n lhyn_n to_o the_o gunter'_v the_o manor_n of_o gilston_n to_o the_o havards_o the_o manor_n of_o pontwilym_n etc._n etc._n but_o now_o have_v long_o digress_v let_v we_o return_v again_o to_o our_o author_n about_o this_o time_n william_n rufus_n and_o robert_n his_o brother_n be_v make_v friend_n come_v both_o together_o into_o england_n and_o lead_v a_o army_n into_o scotland_n against_o malcolme_n the_o king_n 20._o who_o have_v enter_v northumberland_n &_o spoil_v it_o in_o the_o king_n absence_n and_o he_o yield_v himself_o to_o william_n and_o by_o oath_n become_v his_o vassal_n and_o subject_n 16._o then_o william_n re-edify_v carlisle_n and_o bring_v people_n from_o the_o south_n part_n of_o england_n to_o inhabit_v it_o but_o short_o after_o malcolme_n come_v again_o into_o england_n spoil_v the_o land_n 64._o who_o be_v fight_v withal_o be_v slay_v and_o his_o son_n edward_n also_o then_o edgar_n his_o son_n which_o be_v pledge_v with_o king_n william_n be_v crown_v in_o his_o steed_n at_o this_o time_n cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n ap_fw-mi convyn_n destroy_v all_o dyvet_n in_o the_o end_n of_o april_n and_o short_o after_o the_o same_o summer_n the_o normanes_a in_o great_a company_n land_v in_o dyvet_n or_o westwales_n &_o cardigan_n and_o build_v castle_n there_o and_o so_o begin_v to_o inhabit_v the_o country_n upon_o the_o sea_n shore_n the_o norman_n have_v get_v into_o their_o hand_n all_o the_o land_n and_o live_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n begin_v to_o spy_v out_o the_o commodity_n of_o wales_n and_o see_v that_o robert_n fitzhamon_n and_o the_o other_o knight_n that_o go_v with_o he_o have_v speed_v so_o well_o they_o make_v sure_a to_o the_o king_n to_o grant_v they_o the_o land_n of_o the_o welshman_n whereupon_o the_o king_n think_v that_o to_o be_v the_o best_a way_n for_o he_o aswell_o to_o encourage_v they_o to_o be_v the_o more_o willing_a to_o serve_v he_o as_o also_o to_o provide_v for_o they_o at_o other_o man_n cost_n grant_v to_o diverse_a of_o his_o noble_n sundry_a country_n in_o wales_n to_o hold_v of_o he_o by_o knight_n service_n for_o the_o which_o they_o do_v homage_n and_o swear_v fealty_n unto_o he_o as_o follow_v 1_o roger_n mountgomery_n earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o salope_n do_v his_o homage_n for_o the_o lordship_n of_o powy_n and_o caerdigan_n 2_o hugh_n lupus_n earl_n of_o chester_n do_v his_o homage_n for_o tegengl_n and_o ryvonioc_n with_o all_o the_o land_n by_o the_o sea_n shore_n unto_o the_o river_n of_o conwey_n 3_o arnulph_n a_o young_a son_n of_o roger_n mountgomery_n for_o dyvet_n 4_o barnard_n newmarch_n for_o brechnock_n 5_o ralph_n mortimer_n for_o eluel_n 6_o hugh_n de_fw-fr lacie_n for_o the_o land_n of_o ewyas_n 7_o eustace_n cruer_n for_o molde_n and_o hopedale_n and_o many_o other_o for_o other_o land_n then_o roger_n de_fw-fr
same_o year_n die_v geffrey_n bishop_n of_o landaff_n the_o year_n ensue_v henry_n shortmantel_n the_o empress_n son_n enter_v england_n and_o wan_a diverse_a castle_n as_o maluesburie_n 114._o walingford_n and_o shrewsburie_n about_o the_o same_o time_n eustace_n the_o son_n of_o king_n stephen_n be_v drown_v whereupon_o the_o king_n and_o henry_n conclude_v a_o peace_n 1154_o in_o the_o year_n 1154._o die_v stephen_n king_n of_o england_n 115._o and_o henry_n plantagenet_n the_o empress_n son_n be_v crown_v in_o his_o steed_n this_o henry_n be_v wise_a and_o learned_a and_o beside_o a_o worthy_a knight_n he_o never_o wear_v glove_n except_o he_o bear_v a_o hawk_n on_o his_o fist_n and_o never_o sit_v but_o at_o his_o meat_n and_o delit_v in_o hawk_v hunt_a ride_a and_o in_o all_o honest_a exercise_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1155._o 1155_o rees_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n who_o the_o welsh_a book_n surname_v lord_n rees_n and_o all_o the_o latin_a and_o english_a writer_n of_o that_o time_n name_n king_n of_o southwales_n do_v gather_v all_o his_o strength_n together_o to_o defend_v his_o country_n from_o owen_n gwyneth_n who_o he_o hear_v to_o be_v levieng_v of_o man_n to_o conquer_v southwales_n so_o rees_n come_v as_o far_o as_o aberdyvi_n over_o against_o north-wales_n and_o perceive_v the_o rumour_n to_o be_v false_a build_v a_o castle_n there_o and_o so_o return_v back_o at_o the_o same_o time_n madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powy_n do_v build_v a_o castle_n at_o caereneon_n beside_o cymer_n caereneon_n at_o that_o time_n meyric_n his_o nephew_n escape_v out_o of_o prison_n where_o he_o have_v be_v long_o keep_v then_o also_o eglwys_n vair_a in_o myvot_n be_v build_v also_o terdelach_n king_n of_o conacht_v in_o ireland_n die_v at_o this_o time_n king_n henry_n banish_v the_o fleming_n cast._n who_o king_n stephen_n have_v bring_v in_o and_o send_v some_o of_o they_o to_o their_o coosin_n in_o westwales_n likewise_o the_o king_n banish_v wiliam_n peverell_n of_o nottingham_n 126._o and_o hugh_n mortimer_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o cleberie_n against_o the_o king_n which_o the_o king_n take_v and_o raze_v and_o hugh_n yield_v to_o the_o king_n and_o deliver_v to_o his_o hand_n the_o castle_n of_o wygmor_n and_o brugge_n likewise_o roger_n the_o son_n of_o miles_n of_o gloucester_n earl_n of_o hereford_n deliver_v to_o the_o king_n the_o tower_n of_o gloucester_n and_o die_v short_o after_o and_o his_o brother_n walter_n enjoy_v his_o land_n but_o the_o king_n keep_v the_o earldom_n of_o hereford_n and_o the_o town_n of_o gloucester_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n the_o year_n follow_v conan_n earl_n of_o richmond_n sail_v to_o britain_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v of_o the_o most_o part_n for_o their_o duke_n short_o after_o king_n henry_n &_o his_o brother_n geffrey_n be_v agree_v in_o normandy_n and_o the_o king_n be_v return_v into_o england_n 44._o receive_v of_o the_o scottish_a king_n carlisle_n newcastle_n and_o banburgh_n with_o the_o country_n about_o and_o give_v he_o the_o earldom_n of_o huntingdon_n also_o william_n earl_n of_o egle_n and_o norfolk_n base_a son_n to_o king_n stephen_n deliver_v henry_n the_o castle_n of_o pevensey_n and_o norwich_n and_o the_o king_n confirm_v to_o he_o his_o other_o land_n at_o this_o time_n caradocus_n lhancaruan_n who_o be_v repute_v and_o take_v of_o all_o learned_a man_n to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o this_o present_a history_n end_v his_o collection_n of_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o briton_n from_o cadwallader_n until_o this_o time_n of_o who_o some_o studious_a antiquary_n write_v these_o verse_n follow_v historiam_fw-la brytonum_fw-la doctus_fw-la scripsit_fw-la caradocus_n post_fw-la cadwalladrum_fw-la regius_fw-la sceptra_fw-la notans_fw-la bury_v the_o succession_n and_o act_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n after_o this_o time_n until_o the_o year_n 1270._o be_v keep_v and_o record_v from_o time_n to_o time_n in_o the_o abbey_n of_o conwey_n in_o north-wales_n and_o stratflur_v in_o southwales_n as_o witness_v gutryn_n owen_n who_o be_v in_o the_o day_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o write_v the_o best_a and_o most_o perfect_a copy_n of_o the_o same_o 1157_o about_o this_o time_n the_o king_n gather_v all_o his_o power_n together_o from_o all_o part_n of_o england_n castor_n intend_v to_o subdue_v all_o north-wales_n be_v thereunto_o procure_v and_o move_v by_o cadwallader_n who_o the_o prince_n his_o brother_n have_v banish_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o bereave_v of_o his_o live_n and_o by_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powy_n who_o envy_v at_o the_o liberty_n of_o north-wales_n which_o know_v no_o lord_n but_o one_o and_o so_o the_o king_n lead_v his_o army_n to_o westchester_n and_o camp_v upon_o the_o marsh_n call_v saltney_n likewise_o owen_n like_o a_o valiant_a prince_n gather_v all_o his_o strength_n and_o come_v to_o the_o utter_a mere_n of_o his_o land_n purpose_v to_o give_v the_o king_n battle_n &_o encamp_v himself_o at_o basingwerk_n which_o thing_n when_o the_o king_n understand_v he_o choose_v out_o of_o his_o army_n diverse_a of_o the_o chief_a band_n and_o send_v certain_a earl_n and_o lord_n with_o they_o towards_o the_o princess_n camp_n 5._o and_o as_o they_o pass_v the_o wood_n call_v coed_n eulo_n david_n &_o conan_n the_o princess_n son_n meet_v with_o they_o &_o set_v upon_o they_o fearslie_o &_o what_o for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n &_o for_o the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o deed_n the_o englishman_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v and_o the_o rest_n be_v pursue_v to_o the_o king_n camp_n the_o king_n be_v fore_o displease_v with_o that_o foil_n remoove_v his_o camp_n alongst_o the_o sea_n coast_n 397._o think_v to_o pass_v betwixt_o owen_n and_o his_o country_n but_o owen_n foresee_v that_o retire_v back_o to_o a_o place_n which_o be_v call_v to_o this_o day_n cîl_n owen_n that_o be_v the_o retire_z of_o owen_n and_o the_o king_n come_v to_o ruthlan_n 5._o in_o this_o first_o voyage_n of_o king_n henry_n against_o the_o welshman_n he_o be_v put_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n in_o a_o strait_a at_o counsylth_n not_o far_o from_o flynt_n where_o henry_n of_o essex_n who_o office_n by_o inheritance_n be_v to_o bear_v the_o standard_n of_o england_n cast_v down_o the_o same_o and_o flee_v which_o thing_n encourage_v the_o welshman_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o king_n be_v sore_o distress_v have_v much_o a_o do_v to_o save_v himself_o and_o as_o the_o french_a chronicle_n say_v be_v fain_o to_o flee_v of_o who_o part_n eustace_n fitz-iohn_n and_o robert_n curcie_n two_o worthy_a knight_n with_o diverse_a other_o noble_a man_n and_o gentleman_n be_v slay_v after_o that_o owen_n encamp_v and_o entrench_v himself_o at_o bryn_n y_o pin_n and_o skirmish_v with_o the_o king_n man_n daily_a and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n that_o the_o king_n be_v fortifieng_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n his_o navy_n which_o be_v guide_v by_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n prince_n of_o powy_n anchor_v in_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o put_v on_o land_n the_o soldier_n which_o spoil_v two_o church_n and_o a_o little_a of_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o but_o as_o they_o return_v unto_o their_o ship_n all_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o will_v set_v upon_o they_o and_o kill_v they_o all_o so_o that_o none_o of_o those_o which_o rob_v within_o the_o will_v bring_v tiding_n how_o they_o speed_v then_o the_o shipman_n see_v that_o like_v not_o their_o lodging_n there_o but_o weigh_v up_o anchor_n and_o go_v away_o to_o chester_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o be_v a_o peace_n conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n upon_o condition_n that_o cadwallader_n shall_v have_v his_o land_n again_o and_o his_o brother_n shall_v be_v his_o friend_n then_o the_o king_n leave_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n and_o basywerke_n well_o fortify_v and_o man_v after_o he_o have_v build_v a_o house_n thereby_o for_o the_o templars_n return_v to_o england_n at_o that_o time_n also_o jorwerth_n goch_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o yale_n and_o burn_v it_o the_o year_n follow_v morgan_n ap_fw-mi owen_n be_v traitorous_o slay_v by_o the_o man_n of_o ivor_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n with_o who_o die_v the_o best_a poet_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n of_o his_o time_n call_v gurgan_n ap_fw-mi rees_n and_o his_o brother_n jorwerth_n get_v the_o town_n of_o caerlheon_n and_o the_o land_n of_o owen_n then_o the_o king_n make_v peace_n with_o all_o the_o prince_n &_o lord_n of_o wales_n except_z rees_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n which_o rees_n fear_v the_o king_n power_n cause_v his_o people_n to_o remove_v their_o cattle_n &_o good_n to_o the_o wilderness_n of_o tywy_a and_o he_o still_o make_v war_n against_o the_o
year_n follow_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n name_v owen_n cyvelioc_n hòua_n and_o owen_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n get_v the_o castle_n of_o carrechova_n by_o oswestrie_n and_o waste_v it_o about_o the_o same_o time_n 1163_o there_o be_v a_o combat_n fight_v between_o robert_n mountfort_n 46._o and_o henry_n de_fw-fr essex_n to_o try_v which_o of_o they_o have_v begin_v the_o flight_n in_o the_o voyage_n against_o the_o welshman_n in_o the_o march_n either_o of_o they_o accuse_v the_o other_o but_o in_o the_o trial_n henry_n be_v overcome_v and_o afterward_o disinherit_v &_o shave_v a_o moonke_v at_o redding_n then_o the_o king_n gather_v a_o great_a power_n against_o southwales_n and_o come_v himself_o as_o far_o as_o pencadayr_a beside_o brechnock_n where_o rees_n come_v to_o he_o and_o do_v he_o homage_n 134._o and_o give_v he_o pledge_n and_o then_o the_o king_n go_v to_o ireland_n again_o about_o this_o time_n eneon_n the_o son_n of_o anarawd_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi nephew_n to_o prince_n rees_n be_v murder_v in_o his_o bed_n by_o a_o man_n of_o his_o own_o name_v lhywarch_n also_o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n be_v slay_v after_o the_o like_a manner_n by_o one_o walter_z ap_fw-mi riccart_n then_o the_o lord_n rees_n as_o he_o be_v call_v in_o welsh_a or_o king_n rees_n as_o the_o latin_a author_n name_v he_o take_v the_o cantref_n mawr_z which_o be_v a_o great_a country_n and_o the_o land_n of_o dynevowr_n and_o enjoy_v it_o and_o this_o year_n die_v cadivor_fw-la ap_fw-mi daniel_n archdeacon_n of_o caerdigan_n and_o henry_n ap_fw-mi arthen_n which_o be_v the_o worthy_a clerk_n that_o have_v be_v many_o year_n in_o wales_n the_o year_n ensue_v the_o lord_n rees_n see_v he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v his_o estate_n with_o such_o land_n as_o the_o king_n have_v appoint_v he_o enter_v the_o land_n of_o roger_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n for_o by_o the_o earl_n mean_n be_v his_o nephew_n murder_v and_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o aberheidol_n and_o of_o the_o son_n of_o wynyaon_n &_o raze_v they_o and_o so_o in_o short_a time_n he_o bring_v all_o caerdigan_n to_o his_o subjection_n from_o thence_o he_o make_v many_o road_n against_o the_o fleming_n and_o get_v great_a spoil_n in_o their_o country_n then_o all_o wales_n agree_v to_o forsake_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o normanes_n who_o treason_n and_o cruelty_n they_o can_v not_o abide_v and_o to_o serve_v prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n this_o year_n hamelyn_n base_a brother_n to_o king_n henry_n marry_v the_o countess_n of_o warren_n which_o be_v wife_n to_o william_n earl_n of_o egle_n base_a son_n to_o king_n stephen_n and_o daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o william_n earl_n warren_n also_o this_o year_n die_v walter_n gifford_n earl_n of_o buckingham_n without_o heir_n &_o therefore_o the_o earldom_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n hand_n in_o the_o year_n 1165._o 1165_o david_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v destroy_v all_o flynt_n shire_n which_o be_v the_o king_n and_o carry_v all_o the_o people_n and_o cattle_n with_o he_o to_o the_o dyffryn_n cloyd_n now_o call_v ruthyn_n land_n which_o thing_n when_o the_o king_n understand_v he_o levy_v a_o army_n in_o haste_n and_o come_v to_o succour_v his_o castle_n and_o people_n as_o far_o as_o ruthlan_n and_o after_o he_o have_v lie_v there_o three_o day_n and_o can_v do_v no_o good_a he_o return_v to_o england_n where_o he_o gather_v another_o army_n of_o choose_a man_n through_o all_o his_o dominion_n as_o england_n normandy_n anjou_n gascon_a &_o gwyen_v send_v for_o succour_n from_o flanders_n and_o britain_n &_o then_o return_v towards_o north-wales_n mind_v utterlie_o to_o destroy_v all_o that_o have_v life_n in_o the_o land_n and_o come_v to_o crow_n oswalt_n call_v oswaldstree_n encamp_v there_o on_o the_o contrary_a side_n prince_n owen_n and_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o north-wales_n and_o the_o lord_n rees_n with_o the_o power_n of_o southwales_n &_o owen_n cynelioc_n and_o the_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n with_o the_o power_n of_o powy_n and_o the_o two_o son_n of_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n with_o the_o people_n betwixt_o wye_n and_o seaverne_n gather_v themselves_o together_o and_o come_v to_o corwen_n in_o edeyrneon_n purpose_v to_o defend_v their_o country_n but_o the_o king_n understanding_n that_o they_o be_v so_o nigh_o be_v wonderful_a desirous_a of_o battle_n come_v to_o the_o river_n ceireoc_n and_o cause_v the_o wood_n to_o be_v hew_v down_o whereupon_o a_o number_n of_o the_o welshman_n understand_v the_o passage_n unknowing_a to_o their_o captain_n meet_v with_o the_o king_n ward_n where_o be_v place_v the_o pike_a man_n of_o all_o the_o army_n and_o there_o begin_v a_o hot_a skirmish_n where_o diverse_a worthy_a man_n be_v slay_v on_o either_o side_n but_o in_o the_o end_n the_o king_n win_v the_o passage_n and_o come_v to_o the_o mountain_n of_o berwyn_n where_o he_o lie_v in_o camp_n certain_a day_n and_o so_o both_o the_o army_n stand_v in_o awe_n each_o of_o other_o for_o the_o king_n keep_v the_o open_a plain_n and_o be_v afraid_a to_o be_v entrap_v in_o strait_n but_o the_o welshman_n watch_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n &_o keep_v the_o king_n so_o straitlie_o that_o neither_o forage_n nor_o victual_n may_v come_v to_o his_o camp_n neither_o dare_v any_o soldier_n stir_v abroad_o and_o to_o augment_v these_o misery_n there_o fall_v such_o rain_n that_o the_o king_n man_n can_v scant_o stand_v upon_o their_o foot_n upon_o those_o slippery_a hill_n in_o the_o end_n the_o king_n be_v compel_v to_o return_v home_o without_o his_o purpose_n &_o that_o with_o great_a loss_n of_o man_n and_o munition_n beside_o his_o charge_n hoveden_n therefore_o in_o a_o great_a choler_n he_o cause_v the_o pledge_n eye_n who_o he_o have_v receive_v long_o before_o that_o to_o be_v put_v out_o which_o be_v rees_n and_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n and_o cynwric_n and_o meredyth_n the_o son_n of_o rees_n and_o other_o 408._o i_o find_v also_o write_v by_o diverse_a that_o in_o the_o assiege_n of_o a_o bridge_n the_o king_n be_v in_o no_o small_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n for_o one_o of_o the_o weshman_n shoot_v direct_o at_o he_o have_v pierce_v he_o through_o the_o body_n if_o hubert_n de_fw-fr s._n clere_n constable_n of_o colchester_n perceive_v the_o arrow_n come_v have_v not_o thrust_v himself_o betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o same_o arrow_n whereby_o he_o save_v his_o master_n and_o die_v himself_o for_o he_o present_o although_o polydore_n write_v the_o history_n out_o of_o the_o same_o author_n do_v conceal_v the_o same_o then_o after_o long_a consultation_n the_o king_n come_v the_o three_o time_n towards_o north-wales_n intend_v to_o have_v his_o army_n convey_v by_o sea_n &_o to_o land_n in_o some_o convenient_a place_n of_o the_o country_n and_o so_o he_o come_v to_o chester_n and_o there_o lie_v a_o certain_a time_n till_o all_o his_o navy_n be_v gather_v together_o aswell_o hire_v ship_n of_o ireland_n as_o his_o own_o and_o upon_o the_o sudden_a he_o break_v up_o his_o camp_n and_o give_v both_o ship_n and_o man_n leave_v to_o depart_v the_o same_o year_n rees_n prince_n of_o southwales_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o aberteivi_fw-la and_o win_v it_o and_o make_v it_o flat_a with_o the_o ground_n and_o likewise_o wan_a cilgerran_n &_o raze_v it_o at_o which_o time_n he_o take_v prisoner_n robert_n the_o son_n of_o stephen_n his_o cousin_n germane_a son_n to_o nest_n his_o aunt_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o gerald_n have_v marry_v stephen_n constable_n and_o so_o return_v home_o with_o great_a honour_n and_o rich_a spoil_n about_o the_o same_o time_n die_v lhewelyn_n son_n to_o prince_n owen_n a_o worthy_a gentleman_n and_o of_o great_a towardness_n in_o the_o year_n ensue_v the_o fleming_n and_o normanes_n come_v to_o westwales_n with_o a_o great_a power_n against_o the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n which_o rees_n have_v fortify_v and_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o assault_v it_o diverse_a time_n but_o it_o be_v so_o manful_o defend_v that_o they_o return_v home_o as_o they_o come_v and_o short_o after_o they_o come_v before_o it_o again_o where_o they_o lose_v many_o of_o their_o best_a man_n and_o then_o depart_v again_o the_o same_o year_n owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o basygwerke_n which_o the_o king_n have_v fortify_v and_o in_o short_a time_n win_v the_o same_o and_o raze_v it_o cam._n about_o the_o same_o time_n dermot_n the_o son_n of_o murchart_n be_v chase_v out_o of_o his_o dominion_n in_o ireland_n and_o go_v to_o normandy_n to_o king_n henry_n for_o succour_n also_o jorwerth_n goch_n be_v spoil_v of_o his_o land_n in_o powy_n by_o
by_o law_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v imprison_v or_o no._n item_n the_o say_a gruffyth_n and_o his_o heir_n will_v stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n for_o and_o concern_v that_o portion_n of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n his_o father_n which_o of_o right_a aught_o to_o appertain_v unto_o he_o item_n the_o say_a senena_n undertake_v for_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n and_o his_o heir_n that_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v yield_v and_o pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o same_o land_n the_o sum_n of_o three_o hundred_o mark_n whereof_o the_o first_o three_o part_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o money_n the_o second_o in_o kine_n and_o the_o three_o in_o horse_n by_o the_o estimation_n of_o indifferent_a man_n and_o the_o same_o to_o be_v pay_v year_o at_o michaelmas_n and_o easter_n by_o even_a portion_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o county_n of_o salop_n for_o the_o time_n be_v item_n the_o say_a senena_n undertake_v further_a for_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n and_o his_o heir_n that_o they_o and_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v observe_v the_o peace_n against_o the_o say_a david_n and_o suffer_v he_o quiet_o to_o enjoy_v such_o portion_n of_o his_o father_n inheritance_n as_o to_o he_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o be_v due_a item_n the_o say_a senena_n do_v further_o undertake_v for_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n her_o husband_n and_o his_o heir_n that_o in_o case_n any_o welshman_n hereafter_o shall_v happen_v to_o rebel_v against_o the_o king_n they_o at_o their_o own_o cost_n and_o charge_n shall_v compel_v the_o say_a offender_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o disobedience_n item_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o premise_n the_o say_a senena_n will_v deliver_v unto_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n david_n and_o roderike_n her_o son_n for_o pledge_n with_o proviso_n that_o if_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n and_o owen_n or_o either_o of_o they_o shall_v happen_v to_o die_v before_o their_o delivery_n out_o of_o the_o say_a prison_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o say_v senena_n to_o have_v one_o of_o her_o son_n release_v the_o other_o remain_v with_o the_o king_n for_o pledge_v item_n the_o say_a senena_n have_v swear_v upon_o the_o holy_a evangelist_n that_o the_o say_v gruffyth_v her_o husband_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v accomplish_v and_o perform_v all_o the_o premise_n on_o their_o behalf_n &_o further_o undertake_v that_o the_o say_v gruffyth_v her_o husband_n upon_o his_o delivery_n out_o of_o prison_n shall_v take_v the_o same_o oath_n item_n the_o say_a senena_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n her_o husband_n submit_v herself_o concern_v the_o observation_n of_o the_o premise_n unto_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o reverend_a father_n the_o bishop_n of_o hereford_n and_o lichfield_n so_o that_o the_o say_v bishop_n or_o either_o of_o they_o at_o the_o king_n request_n shall_v compel_v the_o say_a gruffyth_n and_o his_o heir_n to_o observe_v all_o and_o singular_a the_o premise_n on_o their_o behalf_n by_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n upon_o their_o person_n and_o interdiction_n upon_o their_o land_n last_o the_o say_a senena_n both_o undertake_v and_o promise_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la to_o see_v and_o procure_v the_o full_a performance_n of_o all_o the_o premise_n and_o that_o the_o say_v gruffyth_v her_o husband_n and_o his_o heir_n shall_v allow_v and_o perform_v the_o same_o and_o thereof_o shall_v deliver_v his_o instrument_n in_o write_v to_o the_o king_n in_o form_n aforesaid_a to_o this_o charter_n both_o party_n put_v their_o seal_n gruffyth_n and_o senena_n to_o that_o part_n which_o remain_v with_o the_o king_n and_o the_o king_n to_o that_o part_n which_o remain_v with_o senena_n moreover_o for_o the_o sure_a performance_n of_o these_o article_n the_o say_a senena_n for_o and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o her_o husband_n put_v in_o for_o pledge_n the_o aforenamed_a noble_a man_n to_o wit_n ralph_n mortimer_n walter_z clifford_z roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi etc._n etc._n who_o bind_v themselves_o by_o their_o several_a writing_n obligatorie_n to_o the_o king_n in_o manner_n and_o form_n follow_v omnibus_fw-la hoc_fw-la scriptum_fw-la visuris_fw-la rogerus_fw-la de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi senescallus_fw-la cestriae_fw-la salutem_fw-la sciatis_fw-la quòd_fw-la ego_fw-la i_o constitui_fw-la plegium_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o all_o and_o singular_a to_o who_o this_o writing_n shall_v come_v roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi steward_n of_o chester_n send_v greeting_n know_v you_o that_o i_o have_v constitute_v myself_o pledge_n for_o senena_n the_o wife_n of_o gruffyth_o the_o son_n of_o lhewelyn_n sometime_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o have_v undertake_v for_o she_o to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n that_o the_o say_v senena_n shall_v accomplish_v and_o perform_v all_o and_o singular_a those_o covenant_n and_o article_n agree_v upon_o between_o our_o say_a sovereign_a lord_n and_o the_o say_v senena_n for_o and_o concern_v the_o deliverance_n of_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n her_o husband_n and_o owen_n his_o son_n out_o of_o the_o prison_n of_o david_n his_o brother_n &_o the_o portion_n of_o inheritance_n due_a unto_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n which_o the_o say_v david_n keep_v from_o he_o by_o force_n in_o witness_v whereof_o to_o this_o present_a writing_n i_o have_v put_v my_o seal_n date_v at_o salop_n the_o mundaie_n before_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o assumption_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n marie_n in_o the_o 25._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o say_v king_n the_o like_a charter_n be_v make_v by_o every_o one_o of_o the_o other_o noble_a man_n pledge_n who_o bind_v themselves_o with_o the_o like_a word_n further_o such_o of_o the_o say_a lord_n which_o favour_a gruffyth_n cause_n as_o be_v out_o among_o themselves_o be_v now_o make_v friend_n as_o morgan_z ap_fw-mi howel_n lord_n of_o kery_n &_o sir_n ralph_n mortimer_n which_o before_o be_v at_o variance_n 842._o whereupon_o david_n be_v drive_v to_o extremity_n have_v most_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o wales_n against_o he_o overmatch_v especial_o gruffyth_o ap_fw-mi madoc_n lord_n of_o bromfield_n favour_v he_o not_o who_o be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o power_n be_v entire_o love_v of_o the_o king_n again_o the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n &_o the_o interdiction_n of_o his_o land_n do_v not_o a_o little_a vex_v he_o but_o the_o king_n presence_n with_o so_o puissant_a a_o army_n do_v so_o move_v his_o spirit_n that_o he_o can_v not_o be_v quiet_a till_o he_o have_v send_v to_o the_o king_n to_o desire_v peace_n with_o this_o submission_n follow_v the_o charter_n of_o the_o article_n of_o david_n submission_n to_o the_o king_n omnibus_fw-la christi_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la ad_fw-la quos_fw-la praesentes_fw-la literae_fw-la pervenerint_fw-la david_n filius_fw-la leolini_n salutem_fw-la sciatis_fw-la quòd_fw-la concessi_fw-la domino_fw-la meo_fw-la henrico_n regi_fw-la angliae_fw-la illustri_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o all_o christian_a people_n to_o who_o these_o present_a letter_n shall_v come_v david_n the_o son_n of_o lhewelyn_n send_v greet_v know_v you_o that_o i_o have_v grant_v and_o promise_v to_o deliver_v unto_o the_o lord_n henry_n the_o noble_a king_n of_o england_n gruffyth_o my_o brother_n with_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n who_o i_o keep_v in_o prison_n and_o all_o other_o prisoner_n who_o by_o occasion_n of_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n lie_v in_o durance_n item_n i_o shall_v stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n aswell_o in_o that_o case_n whether_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n ought_v to_o be_v detain_v prisoner_n or_o no_o as_o also_o for_o and_o concern_v the_o part_n of_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n my_o father_n claim_v by_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o wales_n so_o that_o the_o peace_n be_v maintain_v between_o i_o and_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n item_n i_o and_o the_o say_a gruffyth_n and_o either_o of_o we_o shall_v hold_v our_o portion_n of_o land_n of_o our_o say_a sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la acknowledge_v he_o chief_a lord_n thereof_o item_n i_o shall_v restore_v unto_o roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi steward_n of_o chester_n his_o land_n of_o montalt_n or_o mould_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n item_n i_o shall_v likewise_o restore_v to_o all_o other_o baron_n all_o such_o land_n lordship_n and_o castle_n as_o be_v take_v from_o they_o sithence_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o war_n between_o the_o lord_n john_n king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n my_o father_n save_v the_o right_a of_o all_o covenant_n and_o grant_n by_o writing_n to_o be_v reserve_v unto_o the_o judgement_n and_o determination_n of_o the_o king_n court_n item_n i_o shall_v give_v and_o restore_v unto_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n all_o his_o charge_n
offerentibus_fw-la and_o thereupon_o grant_v his_o letter_n of_o commission_n to_o the_o abbot_n aforesaid_a to_o release_v david_n from_o his_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o to_o inquire_v of_o the_o whole_a estate_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o to_o certify_v he_o of_o the_o same_o these_o commissioner_n take_v upon_o they_o the_o authority_n direct_v their_o mandate_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n command_v he_o to_o appear_v before_o they_o at_o creythyn_n in_o the_o church_n of_o lhangustenyn_n in_o the_o vigil_n of_o s._n agnes_n next_o come_v to_o answer_v in_o the_o premise_n whereupon_o the_o king_n laugh_v at_o the_o presumption_n of_o these_o abbot_n be_v great_o offend_v with_o the_o pope_n for_o his_o unsatiable_a greediness_n curiae_fw-la send_v to_o rome_n and_o with_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n quiet_v all_o thing_n again_o so_o that_o the_o pope_n make_v his_o gain_n at_o both_o hand_n see_v matthew_n paris_n page_n 840._o then_o prince_n david_n gather_v all_o his_o strength_n to_o be_v revenge_v of_o the_o wrong_n which_o the_o earl_n of_o clare_n and_o hereford_n with_o john_n de_fw-fr monmouth_n and_o roger_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi and_o other_o marcher_n do_v to_o his_o people_n who_o all_o the_o lord_n in_o wales_n obey_v and_o take_v for_o their_o sovereign_n save_v gruffyth_a son_n to_o gwenwynwyn_n and_o morgan_n ap_fw-mi howel_n which_o then_o short_o be_v compel_v to_o obey_v also_o wherefore_o the_o prince_n enter_v the_o land_n of_o march_n spoil_v and_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n thereof_o with_o who_o the_o say_a earl_n fight_v diverse_a time_n and_o sometime_o the_o one_o and_o sometime_o the_o other_o have_v the_o victory_n the_o year_n ensue_v the_o marcher_n and_o the_o welshman_n meet_v 884._o not_o far_o from_o mountgomery_n where_o be_v a_o cruel_a fight_n and_o 300._o of_o the_o welshman_n slay_v and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o englishman_n among_o who_o there_o be_v slay_v a_o noble_a knight_n call_v hubert_n fitzmatthew_n whereupon_o the_o king_n be_v weary_a of_o these_o domestical_a trouble_n 891._o gather_v a_o huge_a army_n of_o englishman_n and_o gascoynes_n and_o enter_v north-wales_n intend_v to_o destroy_v the_o country_n but_o the_o prince_n meet_v with_o his_o people_n in_o a_o straight_o &_o fight_v with_o they_o and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n there_o the_o king_n lose_v a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o most_o worthy_a soldier_n and_o nobility_n 927._o &_o the_o most_o part_n of_o all_o his_o gascoynes_n therefore_o see_v he_o can_v do_v no_o good_a he_o send_v for_o the_o irishman_n which_o land_v at_o the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n and_o spoil_v a_o great_a part_n thereof_o till_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o will_v gather_v themselves_o together_o and_o meet_v with_o they_o be_v load_v with_o spoil_n who_o they_o chase_v to_o their_o ship_n then_o the_o king_n man_v and_o victual_v his_o castle_n and_o return_v to_o england_n of_o this_o voyage_n a_o certain_a noble_a man_n be_v then_o in_o the_o king_n camp_n write_v thus_o to_o his_o friend_n about_o the_o end_n of_o september_n 1245._o the_o king_n with_o his_o army_n lie_v at_o gannock_n 924._o fortifieng_v of_o that_o strong_a castle_n &_o we_o lie_v in_o our_o tent_n thereby_o watch_v fast_a pray_v &_o fréeze_v with_o cold_a we_o watch_v for_o fear_n of_o the_o welshman_n who_o be_v wont_v to_o invade_v and_o come_v upon_o we_o in_o the_o night_n time_n we_o fast_o for_o want_v of_o meat_n for_o the_o halfpenny_n loaf_n be_v worth_a five_o penny_n we_o pray_v to_o god_n to_o send_v we_o home_o again_o spéedilie_o we_o starve_v for_o cold_a want_v our_o winter_n garment_n and_o have_v no_o more_o but_o a_o thin_a linen_n clothe_v betwixt_o we_o and_o the_o wind_n there_o be_v a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n under_o the_o castle_n where_o we_o lie_v whereto_o the_o tide_n come_v and_o many_o ship_n come_v up_o the_o haven_n thither_o which_o bring_v victual_n to_o the_o camp_n from_o ireland_n and_o chester_n this_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n lie_v betwixt_o we_o and_o snowdon_n where_o the_o welshman_n abide_v now_o and_o be_v about_o a_o slight_a shoot_n over_o when_o the_o tide_n be_v in_o there_o come_v to_o the_o mouth_n of_o that_o haven_n a_o certain_a ship_n from_o ireland_n with_o victual_n to_o be_v sell_v upon_o mondaie_n before_o michaelinas_fw-la day_n which_o be_v negligent_o look_v unto_o be_v set_v on_o dry_a ground_n at_o the_o low_a ebb_n on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o the_o water_n over_o against_o the_o castle_n which_o thing_n when_o the_o welshman_n see_v they_o come_v down_o from_o the_o hill_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o ship_n be_v now_o upon_o dry_a ground_n whereupon_o we_o on_o the_o other_o side_n behold_v the_o same_o war_n send_v over_o by_o boat_n three_o hundred_o welshmen_n of_o the_o border_n of_o cheshire_n and_o shropshire_n with_o certain_a archer_n and_o arm_a man_n to_o the_o rescue_n of_o the_o say_a ship_n then_o the_o welshman_n withdraw_v themselves_o to_o their_o accustom_a place_n in_o the_o rock_n and_o wood_n who_o our_o man_n follow_v as_o far_o as_o two_o mile_n be_v a_o foot_n because_o they_o bring_v no_o horse_n over_o with_o they_o and_o slay_v many_o of_o they_o but_o our_o man_n in_o their_o return_n be_v overgréedie_a and_o covetous_a spoil_v the_o abbey_n of_o aberconwey_n and_o burn_v all_o the_o house_n of_o office_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o which_o do_n cause_v the_o welshman_n to_o come_v together_o who_o like_o desperate_a man_n set_v upon_o our_o soldier_n be_v load_v with_o spoil_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o follow_v the_o rest_n to_o the_o waterside_n of_o who_o some_o get_v to_o the_o boat_n and_o so_o escape_v and_o some_o cast_v themselves_o into_o the_o water_n and_o be_v drown_v and_o such_o as_o they_o take_v they_o hang_v or_o head_v every_o one_o in_o this_o conflict_n we_o lose_v many_o of_o our_o man_n special_o of_o those_o that_o be_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o cornewal_n as_o sir_n alan_n buscell_n sir_n adam_n de_fw-fr maio_n sir_n geffrey_n estuemy_n and_o one_o ramond_n a_o gascon_a who_o the_o king_n great_o fancy_v and_o diverse_a other_o beside_o a_o hundred_o of_o common_a soldier_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n sir_n walter_n bisset_n worthy_o defend_v the_o say_a ship_n until_o the_o tide_n come_v and_o then_o come_v away_o with_o the_o same_o manful_o wherein_o there_o be_v threescore_o ton_n of_o wine_n beside_o other_o provision_n etc._n etc._n many_o other_o thing_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o say_a writing_n of_o the_o hard_a shift_n that_o be_v make_v in_o the_o king_n camp_n for_o victual_n and_o the_o great_a dearth_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v eat_v this_o year_n die_v walter_n martial_a earl_n of_o pembroke_n and_o anselme_n his_o brother_n without_o issue_n who_o inheritance_n descend_v to_o their_o five_o sister_n to_o the_o intent_n the_o reader_n may_v understand_v to_o who_o the_o land_n and_o lordship_n in_o wales_n of_o the_o earl_n martial_n and_o pembroke_n come_v i_o think_v it_o convenient_a here_o so_o lie_v down_o how_o these_o five_o sister_n be_v bestow_v 1_o jone_n the_o elder_a marry_a warren_n mounchensey_n who_o daughter_n and_o heir_n name_v also_o jone_n be_v marry_v to_o william_n de_fw-fr valence_n half_a brother_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o who_o in_o her_o right_n be_v earl_n of_o pembroke_n who_o two_o daughter_n after_o the_o death_n of_o aymenr_n de_fw-fr valence_n be_v his_o heir_n to_o wit_n isabel_n marry_v unto_o john_n lord_n hastings_n and_o abergevenny_n who_o daughter_n name_v elizabeth_n marry_v reynold_n lord_n grace_n of_o ruthyn_n to_o the_o which_o family_n afterward_o the_o inheritance_n fall_v and_o jone_n marry_v to_o john_n lord_n comyn_n who_o have_v issue_n elizabeth_n marry_v to_o richard_n lord_n talbot_n and_o jone_n marry_v to_o david_n earl_n of_o athell_n 2_o maud_n the_o second_o daughter_n of_o the_o earl_n martial_n and_o pembroke_n be_v marry_v to_o hugh_n bygod_n earl_n of_o norfolk_n father_n of_o ralph_n bygod_n who_o daughter_n and_o heir_n isabel_n be_v marry_v to_o sir_n gilbert_n lacie_n who_o have_v issue_n margery_n and_o maud_n his_o daughter_n and_o heir_n margery_n marry_v to_o john_n l._n verdon_n of_o who_o the_o earl_n of_o shrewesburie_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o essex_n be_v descend_v maud_n marry_v geffrey_n genivill_a father_n to_o peter_n genivill_a who_o daughter_n and_o heir_n be_v marry_v to_o roger_n mortimer_n lord_n of_o wigmor_n and_o the_o first_o earl_n of_o march_n 3_o isabel_n the_o three_o daughter_n of_o the_o earl_n martial_n &_o pembroke_n be_v marry_v to_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n of_o who_o issue_n mention_n be_v make_v before_o pag._n 129._o
30000._o mark_n and_o the_o king_n grant_v the_o prince_n a_o charter_n to_o receive_v from_o thenceforth_o homage_n and_o fealty_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n and_o baron_n of_o wales_n save_v one_o so_o that_o all_o the_o foresay_a baron_n shall_v ever_o after_o hold_v of_o the_o prince_n as_o their_o liege_n lord_n and_o he_o to_o be_v call_v and_o write_v from_o thenceforth_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o in_o witness_n of_o this_o the_o king_n put_v his_o seal_n and_o hand_n to_o the_o say_a charter_n which_o be_v likewise_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n the_o year_n after_o this_o die_v grono_n ap_fw-mi ednyvet_n vachan_n a_o noble_a man_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o princess_n council_n in_o the_o year_n 1270._o 1270_o die_v gruffyth_o lord_n of_o bromfield_n and_o be_v bury_v at_o vale_fw-la crucis_fw-la here_o end_v the_o british_a copy_n that_o which_o follow_v unto_o the_o death_n of_o this_o prince_n be_v collect_v by_o humphrey_n lhoyd_n gentleman_n at_o this_o place_n leave_v the_o british_a book_n lhoyd_n and_o write_v no_o further_a of_o the_o end_n of_o this_o prince_n but_o leave_v he_o at_o the_o high_a and_o most_o honourable_a stay_v that_o any_o prince_n of_o wales_n be_v in_o of_o many_o year_n before_o the_o writer_n peradventure_o be_v abash_v or_o rather_o ashamed_a to_o declare_v the_o utter_a fall_n and_o ruin_n of_o his_o country_n man_n whereunto_o their_o own_o pride_n and_o discord_n do_v bring_v they_o as_o it_o do_v evident_o appear_v to_o he_o that_o search_v out_o their_o history_n but_o i_o intend_v to_o finish_v the_o history_n during_o the_o government_n of_o the_o briton_n have_v seek_v out_o in_o other_o chronicle_n write_v in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n special_o in_o the_o chronicle_n of_o nicholas_n trivet_n who_o write_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n stephen_n to_o the_o coronation_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o and_o such_o other_o much_o as_n i_o can_v find_v touch_v this_o matter_n the_o year_n 1270._o 1270_o john_n earl_n waren_fw-ge slay_v alan_n le_fw-fr souch_n lord_n chief_a justice_n in_o westminster_n hall_n the_o year_n follow_v edward_n with_o his_o brother_n edmund_n go_v to_o the_o holy_a land_n where_o at_o acon_n he_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v slay_v by_o a_o villain_n under_o the_o colour_n of_o deliver_v of_o a_o letter_n who_o give_v he_o five_o wound_n with_o a_o knife_n 1272_o and_o the_o year_n 1272._o die_v henry_n king_n of_o england_n and_o edward_n his_o son_n come_v from_o the_o holy_a land_n two_o year_n after_o be_v crown_v at_o westminster_n king_n of_o england_n 1274_o to_o which_o coronation_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n refuse_v to_o come_v walsh_n although_o he_o be_v send_v for_o lay_v for_o his_o excuse_n that_o he_o have_v offend_v many_o noble_a man_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o will_v not_o come_v in_o their_o danger_n without_o he_o have_v for_o pledge_n the_o king_n brother_n with_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o robert_n burnell_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n wherewith_o the_o king_n be_v sore_o offend_v but_o he_o dissemble_v his_o displeasure_n for_o that_o time_n king_n edward_n can_v never_o brook_v prince_n lhewelyn_n since_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v drive_v to_o slight_v by_o he_o at_o their_o meeting_n in_o the_o march_n whereof_o mention_n be_v make_v before_o page_n 321._o on_o the_o other_o side_n lhewelyn_n like_v no_o better_a of_o the_o king_n than_o the_o king_n do_v of_o he_o again_o those_o noble_a man_n which_o for_o their_o disobedience_n be_v disinherit_v by_o lhewelyn_n be_v receive_v and_o entertain_v of_o king_n edward_n which_o thing_n cause_v the_o prince_n to_o fear_v some_o evil_a practice_n by_o those_o and_o other_o such_o as_o hate_v he_o if_o he_o shall_v have_v be_v at_o the_o king_n coronation_n to_o do_v his_o homage_n and_o fealty_n according_a to_o the_o write_v direct_v unto_o he_o in_o that_o behalf_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o instrument_n send_v by_o the_o say_a prince_n to_o robert_n kilwarby_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n the_o archbishop_z of_o york_n and_o other_o bishop_n sit_v then_o at_o their_o convocation_n in_o the_o new_a temple_n at_o london_n anno._n 1275._o wherein_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o war_n be_v contain_v which_o instrument_n itself_o as_o it_o be_v then_o send_v be_v extant_a at_o this_o day_n write_v in_o parchment_n with_o the_o prince_n great_a seal_n thereunto_o appendant_a which_o i_o have_v see_v and_o copy_v out_o of_o the_o original_n verbatim_o be_v then_o in_o the_o custody_n of_o thomas_n yale_n doctor_n of_o law_n of_o late_a dean_n of_o the_o arch_n a_o great_a searcher_n and_o preserver_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o wales_n which_o i_o think_v convenient_a here_o to_o lay_v down_o for_o the_o full_a understanding_n of_o this_o history_n reverendissimis_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patribus_fw-la ac_fw-la d.d._n roberto_n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la cantuar._n totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la primati_fw-la &_o archiepiscopo_fw-la eborum_fw-la ac_fw-la eorum_fw-la suffraganeis_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n and_o lord_n robert_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n primate_n of_o england_n and_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n and_o their_o suffragans_n be_v now_o together_o at_o london_n in_o council_n their_o devout_a son_n lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o lord_n of_o snoudon_n greeting_n with_o due_a obedience_n reverence_n and_o honour_n in_o all_o thing_n be_v it_o know_v to_o your_o reverend_a fatherhood_n that_o where_o heretofore_o contention_n and_o discord_n whereof_o war_n follow_v and_o long_o continue_v arise_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o noble_a memory_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n of_o the_o one_o party_n and_o we_o of_o the_o other_o party_n the_o same_o contention_n and_o strife_n be_v at_o the_o last_o appease_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o sea_n apostolic_a and_o mean_n of_o the_o reverend_a father_n lord_n otobonus_fw-la deacon_n and_o cardinal_n of_o s._n adrian_n legate_n into_o england_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o form_n of_o treaty_n and_o peace_n betwixt_o the_o say_a king_n and_o edward_n his_o first_o beget_v son_n lord_n edward_n now_o king_n of_o england_n and_o their_o successor_n on_o the_o one_o party_n and_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n on_o the_o other_o party_n by_o the_o corporal_a oath_n of_o both_o party_n assure_v which_o form_n of_o peace_n be_v commit_v to_o write_v by_o the_o say_a legate_n with_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o say_a king_n and_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n edward_n now_o king_n and_o with_o our_o seal_n also_o in_o the_o which_o peace_n it_o be_v contain_v among_o other_o thing_n which_o you_o do_v well_o know_v as_o we_o believe_v that_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n shall_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n the_o principality_n of_o wales_n so_o that_o all_o welsh_a baron_n shall_v hold_v their_o barony_n and_o land_n of_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o shall_v do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o we_o and_o to_o our_o heir_n one_o baron_n except_v for_o the_o which_o we_o and_o our_o successor_n shall_v do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o successor_n it_o be_v further_a contain_v in_o the_o same_o peace_n that_o neither_o the_o say_a king_n nor_o his_o successor_n shall_v receive_v any_o of_o our_o enemy_n nor_o any_o run_v away_o from_o we_o or_o our_o successor_n nor_o shall_v help_v or_o maintain_v any_o such_o against_o we_o or_o our_o successor_n the_o which_o all_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n the_o tenor_n whereof_o the_o reverend_a father_n of_o strata_n florida_n and_o aberconwey_a bearer_n hereof_o can_v show_v you_o but_o see_v reverend_a father_n the_o lord_n edward_n now_o noble_a king_n of_o england_n after_o the_o say_a peace_n take_v into_o his_o hand_n certain_a baron_n land_n of_o wales_n of_o which_o they_o and_o their_o ancestor_n have_v be_v long_o possess_v and_o keep_v a_o barony_n in_o his_o hand_n which_o shall_v be_v we_o by_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n other_o baron_n of_o our_o land_n be_v from_o we_o fugitive_n run_v to_o he_o he_o keep_v help_v and_o maintain_v as_o david_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi and_o gruffyth_v ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n who_o purpose_v our_o death_n and_o destruction_n notwithstanding_o that_o since_o their_o departure_n they_o have_v rob_v within_o our_o land_n commit_v slaughter_n and_o burn_v of_o house_n and_o do_v still_o daily_o commit_v the_o like_a against_o the_o peace_n aforesaid_a &_o although_o we_o have_v often_o send_v our_o grief_n &_o complaint_n by_o our_o solemn_a messenger_n to_o the_o say_v noble_a lord_n edward_n as_o well_o before_o he_o be_v king_n as_o since_o yet_o unto_o this_o day_n he_o never_o do_v any_o redress_n therein_o
also_o that_o which_o be_v more_o perilous_a he_o call_v we_o unto_o a_o place_n not_o to_o we_o safe_a among_o our_o deadly_a enemy_n our_o fugitive_n and_o felon_n and_o their_o spy_n and_o murderer_n to_o do_v he_o homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o the_o which_o place_n we_o can_v no_o way_n come_v without_o danger_n of_o our_o body_n especial_o see_v our_o enemy_n above_o say_v be_v in_o that_o place_n at_o the_o king_n table_n and_o sometime_o in_o counsel_n and_o open_o brag_v themselves_o and_o though_o lawful_a and_o reasonable_a excuse_n be_v allege_v by_o our_o messenger_n before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n why_o the_o place_n be_v not_o safe_a nor_o indifferent_a yet_o he_o refuse_v to_o allow_v or_o appoint_v any_o other_o place_n indifferent_a for_o we_o to_o do_v our_o homage_n and_o fealty_n which_o we_o be_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o do_v unto_o he_o in_o any_o safe_a place_n by_o he_o to_o be_v appoint_v if_o he_o will_v appoint_v any_o and_o to_o perform_v the_o other_o article_n of_o the_o peace_n conclude_v and_o swear_v and_o for_o that_o it_o please_v he_o not_o to_o come_v to_o any_o place_n where_o we_o can_v with_o safety_n do_v he_o homage_n we_o be_v suitor_n to_o he_o to_o send_v any_o from_o he_o to_o receive_v our_o oath_n and_o homage_n until_o it_o please_v he_o to_o appoint_v a_o place_n where_o we_o shall_v do_v our_o homage_n to_o he_o personal_o the_o which_o thing_n he_o utterlie_o deny_v to_o do_v we_o therefore_o beseech_v your_o fatherhood_n earnest_o that_o it_o please_v you_o to_o consider_v what_o danger_n shall_v happen_v to_o the_o people_n both_o of_o england_n and_o of_o wales_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o covenant_n of_o peace_n above_o say_v if_o now_o war_n and_o discord_n shall_v follow_v which_o god_n forbid_v attend_v and_o call_v to_o remembrance_n the_o prohibition_n of_o the_o holy_a father_n the_o pope_n late_o in_o the_o council_n at_o lion_n that_o no_o war_n shall_v be_v move_v among_o christian_n lest_o thereby_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n shall_v be_v neglect_v that_o it_o will_v please_v you_o also_o to_o help_v with_o your_o counsel_n with_o the_o lord_n and_o king_n that_o he_o will_v use_v we_o and_o order_v we_o according_a to_o the_o peace_n agree_v upon_o the_o which_o we_o will_v no_o way_n infringe_v and_o if_o he_o will_v not_o harken_v to_o your_o counsel_n therein_o which_o god_n forbid_v that_o you_o will_v hold_v we_o excuse_v for_o we_o will_v no_o way_n as_o much_o as_o in_o we_o lie_v procure_v the_o trouble_n or_o disquietness_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o if_o it_o may_v please_v you_o to_o give_v credit_n to_o our_o messenger_n which_o we_o do_v send_v to_o the_o king_n at_o the_o day_n by_o he_o unto_o we_o appoint_v to_o allege_v our_o lawful_a excuse_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o they_o by_o mouth_n shall_v on_o our_o part_n show_v unto_o you_o rest_v to_o do_v your_o will_n and_o pleasure_n if_o it_o please_v you_o to_o write_v again_o date_v at_o talybont_n the_o 6._o day_n of_o october_n an._n 1275._o short_o after_o the_o king_n come_v to_o chester_n will_v the_o prince_n to_o come_v thither_o and_o do_v he_o homage_n which_o when_o the_o prince_n detract_v to_o do_v the_o king_n gather_v a_o army_n to_o compel_v he_o thereto_o the_o year_n follow_v the_o countess_n of_o leycester_n 1277_o wife_n to_o simon_n montfort_n which_o remain_v at_o a_o nunnery_n in_o montargis_n in_o france_n send_v her_o daughter_n to_o wales_n to_o marry_v the_o prince_n 364._o as_o it_o be_v agree_v betwixt_o they_o in_o her_o father_n time_n and_o with_o she_o come_v her_o brother_n aemerike_n and_o a_o goodly_a company_n who_o fear_v the_o coast_n of_o england_n keep_v their_o course_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o sylle_n where_o by_o chance_n they_o meet_v with_o four_o ship_n of_o bristol_n which_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o take_v they_o and_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o king_n who_o entertain_v the_o lady_n honourable_o send_v her_o brother_n to_o be_v keep_v prisoner_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o corff_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v remoove_v to_o the_o castle_n of_o shirburne_n 6._o then_o the_o king_n prepare_v two_o army_n whereof_o he_o lead_v one_o himself_o to_o north-wales_n as_o far_o as_o ruthlan_n and_o fortify_v that_o castle_n and_o the_o other_o he_o send_v with_o paganus_fw-la de_fw-la camurtijs_fw-la a_o worthy_a soldier_n to_o westwales_n who_o burn_v and_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o this_o year_n it_o rain_v blood_n in_o diverse_a place_n in_o wales_n the_o year_n ensue_v the_o lord_n of_o southwales_n come_v to_o the_o king_n peace_n and_o do_v he_o homage_n and_o deliver_v the_o castle_n in_o stratywy_a unto_o the_o king_n lieutenant_n paganus_fw-la de_fw-la camurtijs_fw-la 7._o then_o the_o prince_n understand_v this_o and_o see_v that_o his_o own_o people_n have_v forsake_v he_o send_v to_o the_o king_n for_o peace_n which_o be_v agree_v upon_o these_o condition_n first_o that_o all_o those_o which_o the_o prince_n keep_v prisoner_n of_o the_o king_n friend_n and_o for_o his_o cause_n shall_v be_v set_v at_o liberty_n item_n that_o the_o prince_n shall_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n for_o his_o favour_n and_o good_a will_v 50000._o mark_n to_o be_v pay_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n item_n that_o four_o cantred_n shall_v remain_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o which_o cantred_n i_o think_v be_v these_o cantref_o ros_n where_o the_o king_n castle_n of_o teganwy_n stand_v cantref_o ryvonioc_n where_o denbigh_n be_v cantref_o tegengl_n where_o ruthlan_n stand_v and_o cantref_o dyffryn_n clwyd_n where_o ruthyn_n be_v item_n that_o the_o lord_n marcher_n shall_v quiet_o enjoy_v all_o the_o land_n that_o they_o have_v conquer_v within_o wales_n trivet_n item_n that_o the_o prince_n shall_v pay_v yearly_a for_o the_o will_v of_o môn_n or_o anglesey_n 1000_o mark_n which_o payment_n shall_v begin_v at_o michaelmas_n than_o next_o ensue_v &_o that_o also_o he_o shall_v pay_v 5000._o mark_n out_o of_o hand_n and_o if_o the_o prince_n die_v without_o issue_n the_o will_v shall_v remain_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n item_n that_o the_o prince_n shall_v come_v to_o england_n every_o christmas_n to_o do_v the_o king_n homage_n for_o his_o land_n item_n that_o all_o the_o baron_n in_o wales_n shall_v hold_v their_o land_n of_o the_o king_n save_v five_o in_o snowdon_n who_o shall_v acknowledge_v the_o prince_n to_o be_v their_o lord_n item_n that_o he_o shall_v for_o his_o life_n enjoy_v the_o name_n of_o prince_n and_o none_o of_o his_o heir_n after_o he_o so_o that_o after_o his_o death_n the_o foresay_a five_o baron_n shall_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o none_o other_o item_n that_o for_o the_o performance_n of_o these_o article_n the_o prince_n shall_v deliver_v for_o hostage_n ten_o of_o the_o best_a in_o wales_n without_o imprison_v disinherit_n or_o time_n of_o deliverance_n determine_v &_o also_o the_o king_n to_o choose_v twenty_o within_o north-wales_n which_o shall_v take_v their_o oath_n with_o the_o prince_n to_o perform_v all_o these_o article_n and_o if_o the_o prince_n shall_v swerve_v from_o any_o of_o they_o and_o be_v thereof_o admonish_v will_v not_o amend_v and_o redress_v the_o same_o they_o shall_v forsake_v he_o and_o become_v his_o enemy_n the_o prince_n be_v also_o bind_v to_o let_v his_o brethren_n enjoy_v their_o land_n in_o wales_n of_o who_o david_n have_v long_o serve_v the_o king_n 7._o who_o the_o king_n have_v make_v knight_n contrary_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o wales_n and_o have_v give_v he_o in_o marriage_n the_o daughter_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o derby_n who_o first_o husband_n be_v late_o decease_v to_o who_o the_o king_n give_v denbigh_n in_o north-wales_n and_o a_o 1000_o pound_n land_n therewith_o his_o other_o brother_n roderike_n be_v late_o flee_v to_o england_n out_o of_o prison_n and_o owen_n the_o three_o be_v deliver_v at_o this_o composition_n 787._o this_o peace_n be_v conclude_v in_o the_o king_n absence_n who_o appoint_v one_o of_o his_o commissioner_n to_o wit_n the_o lord_n robert_n tiptoft_n to_o take_v a_o oath_n for_o he_o and_o authorize_v the_o say_a robert_n anthony_n beke_v and_o william_n de_fw-fr southampton_n prior_n provincial_a of_o the_o friar_n preacher_n commissioner_n nominate_v on_o his_o behalf_n to_o receive_v the_o like_a oath_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n for_o who_o part_n theodor_n or_o tuder_n ap_fw-mi ednyvet_n and_o grono_fw-it ap_fw-mi heilyn_n be_v commissioner_n 8._o at_o this_o time_n the_o king_n build_v a_o castle_n at_o aberystwyth_n and_o return_v to_o england_n with_o much_o honour_n unto_o who_o the_o people_n grant_v a_o subsidy_n of_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o their_o good_n towards_o his_o
we_o despise_v your_o fatherhood_n request_n and_o painful_a travel_n but_o with_o all_o hearty_a reverence_n according_a to_o our_o duty_n do_v accept_v the_o same_o neither_o yet_o shall_v it_o be_v needful_a for_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n to_o use_v any_o force_n against_o we_o see_v we_o be_v ready_a to_o obey_v he_o in_o all_o thing_n our_o right_n and_o law_n as_o aforesaid_a reserve_v and_o although_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v under_o the_o special_a protection_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o rome_n and_o with_o special_a love_n regard_v of_o the_o same_o yet_o when_o the_o lord_n the_o pope_n and_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n shall_v understand_v of_o the_o great_a damage_n which_o be_v do_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o englishman_n to_o wit_n the_o article_n of_o the_o peace_n conclude_v and_o swear_v unto_o violate_v and_o break_v the_o rob_n and_o burn_v of_o church_n the_o murder_a of_o ecclesiastical_a person_n aswell_o religious_a as_o secular_a the_o slaughter_n of_o woman_n great_a with_o child_n and_o child_n suck_v their_o mother_n breast_n the_o destroy_n of_o hospital_n and_o house_n of_o religion_n kill_v the_o man_n and_o woman_n profess_v in_o the_o holy_a place_n and_o even_o before_o the_o altar_n we_o hope_v that_o your_o fatherhood_n and_o the_o say_a court_n of_o rome_n will_v rather_o with_o pity_n lament_v our_o case_n than_o with_o rigour_n of_o punishment_n augment_v our_o sorrow_n neither_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v in_o any_o wise_a disquiet_v or_o molest_v by_o our_o mean_n as_o be_v affirm_v so_o that_o we_o may_v have_v the_o peace_n du_o keep_v and_o observe_v towards_o we_o and_o our_o people_n who_o they_o be_v which_o be_v delit_v with_o bloodshed_n and_o war_n be_v manifest_o apparent_a by_o their_o deed_n and_o behaviour_n for_o we_o will_v live_v quiet_o upon_o our_o own_o if_o we_o may_v be_v suffer_v but_o the_o englishman_n come_v to_o our_o country_n do_v put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n neither_o spare_a sex_n age_n or_o sickness_n nor_o any_o thing_n regard_v church_n or_o sacred_a place_n the_o like_a whereof_o the_o welshman_n never_o commit_v that_o one_o have_v pay_v his_o ransom_n be_v afterward_o slay_v we_o be_v right_o sorry_a to_o hear_v of_o it_o neither_o do_v we_o maintain_v the_o offender_n who_o escape_v our_o hand_n keep_v himself_o as_o a_o outlaw_n in_o the_o wood_n and_o unknown_a place_n that_o some_o begin_v the_o war_n in_o a_o time_n not_o meet_v and_o convenient_a that_o understand_v not_o we_o of_o until_o now_o and_o yet_o they_o which_o do_v the_o same_o do_v affirm_v that_o in_o case_n they_o have_v not_o do_v as_o they_o do_v at_o that_o time_n they_o have_v be_v slay_v or_o take_v themselves_o be_v not_o in_o safety_n in_o their_o own_o house_n and_o force_v continual_o for_o safeguard_n of_o their_o life_n to_o keep_v themselves_o in_o armour_n and_o therefore_o to_o deliver_v themselves_o from_o that_o fear_n they_o take_v that_o enterprise_n in_o hand_n concern_v those_o thing_n which_o we_o commit_v against_o god_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o grace_n we_o will_v as_o it_o become_v christian_n repent_v and_o turn_v unto_o he_o neither_o shall_v the_o war_n on_o our_o part_n be_v continue_v so_o that_o we_o be_v save_v harmless_a and_o may_v live_v as_o we_o ought_v but_o before_o we_o be_v disinherit_v or_o slay_v we_o must_v defend_v ourselves_o as_o well_o as_o we_o may_v of_o all_o injury_n and_o wrong_n do_v by_o we_o we_o be_v most_o willing_a and_o ready_a upon_o due_a examination_n and_o trial_n of_o all_o trespass_n and_o wrong_n commit_v on_o both_o side_n to_o make_v amends_n to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o our_o power_n so_o that_o the_o like_a on_o the_o king_n side_n be_v perform_v in_o like_a manner_n towards_o we_o and_o our_o people_n and_o to_o conclude_v and_o establish_v a_o peace_n we_o be_v most_o ready_a but_o what_o peace_n can_v be_v establish_v when_o as_o the_o king_n charter_n so_o solemn_o confirm_v be_v not_o keep_v and_o perform_v our_o people_n be_v daily_o oppress_v with_o new_a exaction_n we_o send_v unto_o you_o also_o a_o note_n in_o write_v of_o the_o wrong_n and_o injury_n which_o be_v do_v unto_o we_o contrary_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n before_o make_v we_o have_v put_v ourselves_o in_o armour_n be_v drive_v thereunto_o by_o necessity_n for_o we_o and_o our_o people_n be_v so_o oppress_v tread_v underfoot_o spoil_v and_o bring_v to_o slavery_n by_o the_o king_n officer_n contrary_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n conclude_v against_o justice_n none_o otherwise_o than_o if_o we_o be_v saracen_n or_o jew_n whereof_o we_o have_v often_o time_n complain_v unto_o the_o king_n and_o never_o can_v get_v any_o redress_n but_o always_o those_o officer_n be_v afterward_o more_o fierce_a and_o cruel_a against_o us._n and_o when_o those_o officer_n through_o their_o ravine_n and_o extortion_n be_v enrich_v other_o more_o hungry_a than_o they_o be_v send_v afresh_o to_o flay_v those_o who_o the_o other_o have_v shear_v before_o so_o that_o the_o people_n wish_v rather_o to_o die_v than_o live_v in_o such_o oppression_n and_o now_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v needful_a to_o levy_v any_o army_n to_o war_n upon_o we_o or_o to_o move_v the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n against_o we_o so_o that_o the_o peace_n may_v be_v observe_v du_o and_o true_o as_o before_o be_v express_v neither_o ought_v your_o holy_a fatherhood_n to_o give_v credit_n to_o all_o that_o our_o adversary_n do_v allege_v against_o we_o for_o even_o as_o in_o their_o deed_n they_o have_v and_o do_v oppress_v we_o so_o in_o their_o word_n they_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o slander_v we_o lay_v to_o our_o charge_n what_o like_v they_o best_o therefore_o for_o much_o as_o they_o be_v always_o present_a with_o you_o and_o we_o absent_a from_o you_o they_o oppress_v and_o we_o oppress_v we_o be_v to_o desire_v you_o even_o for_o his_o sake_n from_o who_o nothing_o be_v hide_v not_o to_o credit_v man_n word_n but_o to_o examine_v their_o deed_n thus_o we_o bid_v your_o holiness_n farewell_n date_v at_o garth_n celyn_n in_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n martin_n certain_a grief_n send_v from_o lhewelyn_n to_o the_o archbishop_n translate_a word_n by_o word_n out_o of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o say_a archbishop_n where_o that_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n conclude_v as_o follow_v 1_o if_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n will_v claim_v any_o right_n in_o any_o land_n occupy_v by_o any_o other_o than_o by_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n without_o the_o say_v four_o cantred_n the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n shall_v do_v he_o full_a justice_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o those_o quarter_n or_o part_n where_o the_o say_v land_n do_v lie_v which_o article_n be_v not_o observe_v in_o the_o land_n in_o arust_o and_o betwixt_o the_o water_n of_o dyvi_n and_o dulas_n for_o that_o when_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n claim_v the_o say_v land_n before_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n at_o ruthlan_n and_o the_o king_n grant_v he_o the_o cause_n to_o be_v examine_v according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o advocate_n of_o the_o party_n be_v bring_v in_o and_o the_o judge_n which_o vulgar_o they_o call_v ynnayd_v before_o the_o king_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o say_a land_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o defendant_n appear_v and_o answer_v so_o that_o the_o same_o day_n the_o cause_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v full_o determine_v according_a to_o the_o appointment_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n who_o at_o his_o be_v at_o gloucester_n have_v assign_v the_o party_n the_o say_a day_n and_o though_o the_o same_o cause_n be_v in_o diverse_a place_n often_o hear_v and_o examine_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o that_o the_o land_n be_v in_o north-wales_n and_o never_o judge_v but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n neither_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o the_o king_n but_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o wales_n to_o prorogue_v the_o cause_n all_o that_o notwithstanding_o he_o prorogue_v the_o day_n of_o his_o own_o motion_n contrary_a to_o the_o say_a law_n and_o at_o the_o last_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n be_v call_v to_o diverse_a place_n whither_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v be_v call_v neither_o can_v he_o obtain_v justice_n nor_o any_o judgement_n unless_o it_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n contrary_a to_o the_o say_a article_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o the_o same_o be_v do_v at_o montgomery_n when_o the_o party_n be_v present_a in_o judgement_n and_o a_o day_n appoint_v to_o hear_v sentence_n they_o prorogue_v the_o say_a day_n contrary_a to_o the_o foresay_a law_n and_o at_o the_o last_o the_o king_n himself_o at_o
cynwric_n ap_fw-mi grono_n be_v take_v at_o ruthlan_n and_o put_v in_o prison_n without_o any_o cause_n at_o all_o neither_o will_v the_o king_n officer_n deliver_v he_o unless_o he_o will_v redeem_v the_o gage_n of_o a_o certain_a woman_n for_o the_o which_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o pay_v much_o more_o than_o the_o pawn_n lie_v for_o 10_o when_o the_o bailiff_n of_o ruthlan_n be_v at_o a_o feast_n hicken_n le_fw-fr mail_n wound_v a_o gentleman_n cruel_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o say_a bailiff_n by_o the_o occasion_n of_o which_o wound_n hicken_n be_v condemn_v in_o eight_o pound_n and_o when_o he_o which_o be_v hurt_v will_v have_v demand_v the_o say_v eight_o pound_n he_o be_v put_v in_o prison_n with_o hicken_n 11_o the_o messenger_n of_o reginald_n grace_n attempt_v a_o absurdity_n not_o hear_v of_o require_v the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n to_o plough_v his_o ground_n and_o sow_v the_o same_o and_o the_o messenger_n be_v cynwric_a sesse_n and_o hicken_n lemayl_n and_o the_o say_a cynwric_n swear_v open_o before_o the_o whole_a company_n that_o unless_o all_o man_n shall_v plough_v reginald_n gray_n ground_n they_o shall_v short_o repent_v it_o then_o the_o people_n fear_v much_o as_o in_o that_o case_n any_o constant_a man_n will_v fear_v 12_o the_o heir_n of_o tegengl_n buy_v their_o office_n for_o thirty_o mark_n of_o the_o king_n but_o afterward_o reginald_n grace_n spoil_v they_o of_o their_o office_n and_o money_n against_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n 13_o seven_o gentleman_n be_v wrongful_o kill_v by_o the_o englishman_n but_o as_o yet_o the_o parent_n of_o the_o gentleman_n can_v have_v no_o amends_n and_o though_o the_o offender_n be_v take_v yet_o the_o say_a constable_n let_v they_o go_v without_o punishment_n 14_o the_o constable_n of_o ruthlan_n keep_v two_o of_o the_o king_n soldier_n in_o prison_n for_o that_o they_o take_v a_o englishman_n who_o have_v wound_v a_o man_n all_o these_o thing_n contain_v in_o these_o article_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o privilege_n liberty_n and_o right_n of_o the_o say_a man_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n neither_o dare_v the_o inhabitant_n send_v their_o complaint_n to_o the_o king_n for_o fear_n of_o reginald_n grace_n which_o fear_v any_o constant_a man_n may_v have_v because_o the_o say_v reginald_n grace_n say_v open_o that_o if_o he_o can_v come_v by_o any_o such_o their_o messenger_n he_o will_v cut_v off_o their_o head_n as_o it_o be_v certeinelie_o tell_v we_o by_o one_o of_o his_o counsel_n further_o neither_o tongue_n can_v express_v nor_o pen_n can_v write_v how_o evil_a the_o man_n of_o tegengl_n have_v be_v order_v humble_o complain_v unto_o your_o lordship_n my_o lord_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n madoc_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi madoc_n of_o the_o constable_n of_o oswaldes_n cross_n the_o king_n and_o of_o the_o man_n of_o that_o town_n who_o have_v spoil_v the_o say_a lhewelyn_n of_o the_o three_o part_n of_o a_o town_n call_v lhedrot_n and_o his_o father_n house_n without_o any_o law_n or_o right_a or_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n further_o the_o say_a constable_n and_o his_o complice_n have_v against_o the_o law_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n spoil_v the_o say_a lhewelyn_n of_o the_o common_a and_o pasturage_n which_o he_o and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v have_v and_o use_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o further_o condemn_v the_o say_a lhewelyn_n for_o the_o say_a pasture_n in_o lxx_o mark_n and_o further_o the_o king_n of_o england_n grant_v certain_a letter_n to_o a_o bastard_n call_v gruffyth_n vachan_n of_o cynlhaeth_n to_o law_n with_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n for_o his_o whole_a lordship_n and_o possession_n by_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o which_o letter_n the_o say_a lhewelyn_n have_v spend_v two_o hundred_o pound_n of_o good_a money_n also_o the_o say_a constable_n compel_v the_o say_v lhewelyn_n to_o send_v two_o of_o his_o gentleman_n to_o he_o who_o when_o they_o come_v to_o he_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v hang_v which_o gentleman_n ought_v not_o by_o right_a to_o have_v be_v hang_v who_o parent_n have_v rather_o have_v give_v he_o three_o hundred_o pound_n afterward_o the_o say_a constable_n imprison_v threescore_o of_o the_o man_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n no_o cause_n allege_v but_o that_o a_o certain_a page_n speak_v a_o word_n who_o can_v not_o be_v deliver_v out_o of_o prison_n until_o every_o of_o they_o pay_v ten_o shilling_n when_o the_o man_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n come_v to_o the_o say_a town_n to_o sell_v their_o ox_n the_o say_a constable_n will_v cause_v the_o beast_n to_o be_v drive_v to_o the_o castle_n neither_o will_v he_o restore_v the_o beast_n nor_o money_n for_o they_o further_o the_o say_a constable_n and_o his_o man_n take_v away_o the_o cattle_n of_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n from_o his_o own_o ground_n and_o do_v their_o will_n with_o they_o further_o the_o king_n justice_n compel_v the_o say_a lhewelyn_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o wales_n to_o deliver_v to_o the_o son_n of_o encon_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi a_o certain_a town_n which_o both_o he_o and_o his_o ancestor_n ever_o have_v hold_v the_o say_a constable_n take_v the_o horse_n of_o lhewelyns_n bailiff_n when_o the_o say_a bailiff_n owe_v he_o nothing_o who_o can_v never_o get_v his_o horse_n again_o nor_o any_o satisfaction_n for_o it_o furthermore_o when_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n shall_v have_v go_v to_o a_o town_n call_v caerlhêon_n to_o appear_v there_o as_o he_o be_v appoint_v the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n and_o the_o soldier_n of_o roger_n stray_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o say_v roger_n take_v the_o say_a lhewelyn_n and_o his_o man_n and_o imprison_v they_o to_o their_o great_a damage_n which_o the_o say_v lhewelyn_n will_v not_o for_o 300._o pound_n starling_n who_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v deliver_v until_o they_o have_v find_v sufficient_a surety_n the_o archbishop_n receive_v these_o and_o other_o article_n come_v to_o the_o king_n and_o request_v he_o to_o consider_v these_o wrong_n and_o to_o cause_n amends_n to_o be_v make_v or_o at_o the_o least_o excuse_v the_o welshman_n have_v so_o just_a cause_n of_o grief_n who_o answer_v that_o the_o welshman_n be_v to_o be_v excuse_v yet_o he_o say_v he_o be_v ever_o ready_a to_o do_v justice_n to_o all_o they_o that_o complain_v whereupon_o the_o archbishop_n beseech_v the_o king_n again_o that_o the_o welshman_n may_v have_v free_a access_n to_o his_o grace_n to_o declare_v their_o grief_n and_o to_o seek_v remedy_n the_o king_n answer_v they_o shall_v free_o come_v and_o depart_v if_o it_o shall_v seem_v that_o by_o justice_n they_o deserve_v to_o depart_v the_o archbishop_n hear_v this_o go_v and_o come_v to_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n in_o snowdon_n that_o he_o may_v move_v he_o and_o his_o brother_n david_n and_o the_o other_o company_n to_o submit_v themselves_o whereby_o he_o may_v incline_v the_o king_n to_o admit_v they_o which_o after_o much_o talk_n and_o conference_n with_o the_o archbishop_n the_o prince_n answer_v that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n reserve_v two_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o say_v his_o conscience_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v for_o the_o rule_n and_o safeguard_n of_o his_o people_n populi_fw-la and_o also_o the_o decency_n of_o his_o state_n and_o calling_n which_o answer_n the_o archbishop_n bring_v decorum_n and_o report_v to_o the_o king_n at_o the_o which_o the_o king_n say_v that_o he_o will_v not_o any_o other_o treaty_n of_o peace_n than_o that_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o people_n shall_v simple_o submit_v themselves_o but_o the_o archbishop_n know_v well_o that_o the_o welshman_n will_v not_o submit_v themselves_o but_o in_o the_o form_n aforesaid_a or_o in_o other_o form_n to_o they_o tolerable_a and_o of_o they_o like_v request_v the_o king_n that_o he_o may_v have_v conference_n in_o this_o matter_n with_o all_o the_o noble_a englishman_n than_o present_a who_o after_o such_o conference_n agree_v all_o to_o these_o article_n follow_v the_o which_o article_v the_o archbishop_n do_v send_v in_o write_v to_o the_o prince_n by_o john_n wallensis_n these_o be_v to_o be_v say_v to_o the_o prince_n before_o his_o council_n first_o that_o of_o the_o four_o cantred_n and_o the_o land_n by_o the_o king_n give_v to_o his_o noble_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n he_o will_v have_v no_o treaty_n of_o 2_o item_n of_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o four_o cantred_n if_o they_o will_v submit_v themselves_o he_o purpose_v to_o do_v as_o become_v a_o king_n majesty_n and_o we_o very_o believe_v he_o will_v deal_v with_o they_o merciful_o and_o to_o that_o end_n we_o will_v labour_v and_o trust_v to_o obtain_v 3_o as_o
meredyth_n serve_v the_o king_n in_o all_o these_o war_n who_o do_v the_o prince_n most_o hurt_v of_o all_o man_n and_o be_v in_o great_a hope_n of_o goodly_a preferment_n at_o the_o king_n hand_n who_o after_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o king_n make_v knight_n and_o feed_v with_o many_o fair_a and_o good_a word_n after_o that_o he_o and_o all_o other_o his_o countryman_n and_o neighbour_n have_v submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n 796._o it_o happen_v that_o the_o lord_n payne_n tiptoft_n warden_n of_o the_o king_n castle_n nigh_o unto_o reese_n country_n and_o the_o lord_n alan_n plucknet_n the_o king_n steward_n in_o wales_n call_v the_o say_a rees_n as_o they_o do_v all_o other_o of_o the_o country_n to_o the_o king_n court_n whither_o he_o refuse_v to_o come_v allege_v his_o ancient_a privilege_n and_o liberty_n with_o the_o king_n promise_n but_o the_o say_a officer_n proceed_v according_a to_o the_o law_n against_o he_o 1289_o whereupon_o a_o great_a variance_n arise_v between_o the_o say_a payne_n tiptoft_n and_o the_o say_a sir_n rees_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n so_o that_o sundry_a skirmish_n be_v fight_v betwixt_o they_o and_o man_n slay_v on_o both_o side_n to_o the_o great_a disturbance_n of_o the_o country_n the_o king_n hear_v of_o these_o thing_n be_v then_o beyond_o the_o sea_n write_v unto_o rees_n ap_fw-mi meredyth_n require_v he_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n till_o his_o return_n at_o what_o time_n he_o promise_v to_o reform_v all_o thing_n in_o due_a and_o reasonable_a order_n but_o rees_n will_v not_o give_v over_o the_o enterprise_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v whereupon_o the_o king_n send_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n 15._o who_o he_o have_v leave_v his_o lieutenant_n in_o the_o realm_n during_o his_o absence_n to_o send_v a_o army_n of_o man_n into_o wales_n to_o withstand_v the_o disorder_a attempt_n of_o the_o say_v rees_n who_o go_v into_o wales_n himself_o and_o overthrow_v reese_n castle_n of_o drofolan_n but_o by_o undermine_v and_o reverse_v the_o wall_n of_o the_o say_a castle_n with_o the_o fall_n thereof_o the_o baron_n of_o stafford_n &_o the_o lord_n william_n de_fw-fr monchency_n with_o many_o other_o knight_n and_o esquire_n be_v oppress_v and_o bruise_a to_o death_n afterward_o robert_n tiptoft_n lord_n deputy_n of_o wales_n gather_v a_o army_n and_o meeting_n the_o say_a rees_n after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o 4000_o of_o his_o people_n 20._o discomfit_v and_o take_v he_o who_o about_o michaelmas_n follow_v at_o the_o king_n go_v into_o scotland_n be_v have_v to_o york_n and_o there_o condemn_v and_o execute_v not_o long_o after_o 1293_o the_o king_n want_v money_n there_o be_v a_o great_a subsidy_n grant_v towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o war_n in_o france_n about_o levieng_v of_o the_o which_o there_o be_v much_o ado_n in_o diverse_a place_n but_o especial_o the_o welshmen_n which_o be_v never_o wont_v to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o such_o contribution_n storm_v against_o it_o 395._o so_o that_o they_o take_v one_o of_o their_o own_o captain_n name_v roger_n de_fw-fr puelesdon_n who_o at_o the_o king_n commandment_n gather_v the_o say_a subsidy_n and_o hang_v he_o with_o diverse_a other_o and_o afterward_o head_v the_o say_v roger._n whereupon_o the_o king_n be_v sore_o offend_v for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v roger_n who_o he_o great_o favour_v and_o hear_v that_o the_o welshman_n begin_v to_o stir_v against_o he_o in_o diverse_a place_n for_o the_o westwales_n man_n have_v choose_v maelgon_n vachan_n for_o their_o captain_n and_o destroy_v all_o caerdigan_n and_o pembroke_n and_o return_v with_o rich_a spoil_n they_o of_o glamorgan_n and_o the_o south_n part_n take_v one_o name_v morgan_n for_o their_o leader_n and_o drive_v the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n out_o of_o the_o country_n they_o restore_v to_o the_o say_v morgan_n again_o those_o possession_n which_o the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n by_o force_n and_o great_a wrong_n have_v take_v from_o the_o say_v morgan_n predecessor_n the_o north-wales_n man_n have_v set_v up_o one_o madoc_n be_v of_o the_o kindred_n of_o the_o last_o lhewelyn_n slay_v at_o buelht_n who_o gather_v a_o great_a power_n come_v to_o caernaruon_n and_o slay_v a_o great_a number_n of_o englishman_n which_o be_v come_v thither_o to_o the_o fair_a and_o spoil_v the_o whole_a town_n then_o i_o say_v the_o king_n call_v back_o his_o brother_n edmond_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n and_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n and_o lord_n of_o denbigh_n who_o have_v a_o army_n ready_a to_o pass_v into_o gascoyn_n 810._o these_o earl_n come_v towards_o north-wales_n and_o as_o they_o approach_v near_o unto_o the_o castle_n of_o denbigh_n upon_o s._n martyns_n day_n the_o welshman_n with_o great_a force_n encounter_v they_o and_o give_v they_o battle_n drive_v they_o back_o and_o discomfit_v their_o people_n then_o the_o king_n himself_o come_v to_o wales_n and_o keep_v his_o christmas_n at_o aberconwey_n where_o robert_n wynchelsey_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n come_v unto_o he_o and_o do_v his_o homage_n and_o then_o return_v home_o the_o king_n as_o he_o pass_v further_o into_o the_o country_n lose_v much_o of_o his_o carriage_n which_o the_o welshman_n take_v be_v load_v with_o victual_n and_o provision_n for_o the_o army_n so_o that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n endure_v great_a penury_n and_o be_v constrain_v to_o drink_v water_n mix_v with_o honey_n and_o eat_v very_o gross_a and_o coarse_a meat_n where_o he_o be_v very_o like_a to_o have_v be_v distress_v have_v not_o the_o other_o part_n of_o his_o army_n come_v unto_o he_o in_o time_n while_o the_o king_n remain_v in_o snowdon_n 27._o the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n hear_v that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o welshman_n be_v assemble_v together_o and_o lodge_v in_o a_o valley_n betwixt_o two_o wood_n choose_v out_o a_o company_n of_o horseman_n with_o certain_a crossbows_z and_o archer_n and_o come_v upon_o the_o welshman_n in_o the_o night_n compass_v they_o round_o about_o who_o pitch_v the_o end_n of_o their_o spear_n and_o turn_v the_o point_n against_o their_o enemy_n stand_v at_o defence_n so_o to_o keep_v off_o the_o horseman_n but_o the_o earl_n have_v place_v his_o battle_n so_o that_o ever_o betwixt_o two_o horseman_n there_o stand_v a_o crossbow_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o welshman_n who_o stand_v at_o defence_n in_o manner_n aforesaid_a with_o their_o spear_n be_v overthrow_v and_o break_v with_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o quarrel_n and_o then_o the_o earl_n charge_v the_o residue_n with_o a_o troop_n of_o horseman_n and_o bear_v they_o down_o with_o such_o slaughter_n as_o they_o have_v not_o sustain_v the_o like_a loss_n of_o people_n as_o be_v think_v at_o any_o time_n before_o after_o this_o the_o king_n build_v a_o strong_a castle_n within_o the_o will_v of_o anglesey_n and_o call_v the_o same_o buemarish_n build_v and_o so_o put_v all_o thing_n in_o quietness_n and_o punish_v such_o as_o have_v put_v to_o death_n roger_n de_fw-fr puelesdon_n he_o return_v home_o with_o his_o army_n but_o madoc_n within_o a_o while_n after_o leavieng_v a_o army_n of_o man_n come_v to_o oswestrie_n where_o the_o people_n yield_v unto_o he_o and_o meeting_n with_o the_o lord_n strange_a with_o a_o company_n of_o marcher_n not_o far_o from_o knookine_n overthrow_v he_o and_o spoil_v his_o country_n miserable_o and_o short_o after_o he_o give_v the_o marcher_n another_o overthrow_n but_o for_o all_o that_o the_o lord_n marcher_n nothing_o dismay_v at_o this_o mischance_n gather_v a_o great_a power_n anew_o &_o meet_v madoc_n as_o he_o be_v come_v towards_o shrewesburie_n upon_o the_o hill_n of_o cefn_n digolh_n not_o far_o from_o caur_n castle_n where_o after_o a_o long_o fight_v the_o say_v madoc_n be_v take_v and_o his_o man_n discomfit_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n then_o he_o be_v send_v to_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n there_o to_o remain_v in_o perpetual_a prison_n there_o be_v some_o which_o affirm_v that_o madoc_n be_v not_o take_v but_o rather_o after_o many_o adventure_n and_o sundry_a conflict_n when_o the_o welshman_n be_v bring_v into_o a_o issue_n of_o great_a extremity_n the_o say_a madoc_n come_v in_o and_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n peace_n and_o be_v receive_v upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v pursue_v morgan_n till_o he_o have_v take_v he_o and_o bring_v he_o to_o the_o king_n prison_n which_o be_v do_v and_o so_o all_o thing_n in_o those_o party_n be_v set_v in_o rest_n and_o peace_n and_o many_o hostage_n of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o nobility_n of_o wales_n be_v deliver_v to_o the_o king_n who_o send_v they_o to_o diverse_a castle_n in_o england_n where_o they_o be_v safe_o keep_v almost_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n that_o follow_v with_o scotland_n in_o the_o
who_o i_o have_v write_v before_o in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o sixth_o he_o be_v make_v knight_n by_o the_o king_n and_o be_v send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o french_a king_n when_o he_o be_v but_o xxij_o year_n of_o age_n in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n marie_n he_o be_v treasurer_n of_o ireland_n and_o lord_n justice_n there_o where_o he_o so_o use_v himself_o that_o he_o get_v great_a commendation_n of_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n anno._n 1564._o he_o be_v choose_v knight_n of_o the_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n he_o have_v now_o continue_v l._n precedent_n of_o wales_n about_o twenty-four_o year_n of_o the_o which_o he_o serve_v in_o ireland_n eight_o year_n and_o six_o month_n be_v there_o three_o several_a time_n lord_n deputy_n general_a of_o that_o country_n he_o repair_v the_o castle_n of_o ludlowe_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a house_n within_o the_o march_n be_v in_o great_a decay_n as_o the_o chapel_n the_o court_n house_n and_o a_o fair_a fountain_n from_o the_o which_o by_o several_a cock_n the_o office_n of_o the_o house_n be_v serve_v with_o water_n also_o he_o erect_v diverse_a new_a building_n within_o the_o same_o castle_n as_o a_o fair_a new_a porter_n lodge_v large_a chamber_n for_o the_o keep_v of_o the_o record_n of_o that_o court_n and_o other_o convenient_a lodging_n for_o such_o commissioner_n to_o lie_v in_o as_o be_v call_v thither_o for_o to_o give_v attendance_n in_o that_o service_n tervyn_n a_o admonition_n for_o the_o read_n of_o the_o british_a word_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o letter_n c_o in_o all_o british_a word_n have_v always_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o english_a k_o except_o it_o be_v join_v with_o h_o for_o ch_n be_v count_v but_o one_o consonant_n which_o have_v the_o sound_n of_o the_o greek_a χ_n and_o never_o of_o the_o english_a ch_n i_o have_v also_o use_v dh_fw-mi for_o the_o british_a dd_v and_o lh_v for_o the_o will_v the_o single_a f_o have_v the_o sound_n of_o v_a consonant_n r_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o word_n be_v to_o be_v pronounce_v with_o a_o aspiration_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o letter_n agree_v with_o the_o english_a pronountiation_n certain_a word_n pass_v in_o this_o impression_n be_v thus_o to_o be_v amend_v page_n 26._o line_n 7._o put_v out_o and_o cornwall_n page_n 88_o line_n 26._o read_v caradoc_n the_o son_n of_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n pag_n 96._o line_n 21._o pevensey_n ibidem_fw-la line_n 23._o sheppey_n page_n 104._o line_n 31._o portascyth_n pag_n 122._o line_n 10._o aberthaw_n pag_n 131._o line_n 5._o and_o 25._o cydwely_n pag_n 155._o line_n 25._o for_o of_o read_v and._n page_n 166._o line_n 30._o for_o riryd_n read_v madoc_n pag_n 168._o line_n 29._o for_o thy_o read_v his_o page_n 188._o line_n 30._o richard_n of_o clare_n and._n pag_n 197._o line_n 16._o hugh_n son_n to_o the_o earl_n page_n 211._o line_n 31._o for_o anarawd_n read_v meruyn_n page_n 254._o line_n 17._o for_o theidw_n read_v cheidw_o ibidem_fw-la line_n 18._o for_o rhae_n read_v rhac_n pag_n 329._o line_n 15._o primate_n of_o all_o pag_n 357._o line_n 6._o ap_fw-mi gwystyl_n pag_n 395._o line_n 7._o whereof_o a_o table_n contain_v the_o principal_a matter_n place_n and_o person_n in_o this_o book_n this_o letter_n d_o signify_v the_o description_n the_o figure_n note_v the_o page_n a._n abercynfric_n 150._o aberstraw_n d_o 6._o destroy_v by_o the_o irishman_n 62._o abergevenny_n d_o 20.289_o aberheidol_n 220._o aberlhech_v 154._o aberlhiennawc_n 155._o aberlhychwr_fw-mi castle_n 203._o aberystwyth_n castle_n build_v 169.336_o take_v 337._o adelarde_v 8.12_o overcome_v by_o the_o briton_n 14._o join_v his_o power_n with_o ethelbald_n 15._o adelstane_n k._n of_o england_n 50._o aedan_n ap_fw-mi blegor_v 74._o he_o be_v slay_v 83._o aedan_n the_o son_n of_o melht_n 38._o alan_n k._n of_o little_a britain_n 1._o alan_n whence_o they_o come_v 39_o alclyd_v destroy_v by_o y_z e_o danes_n 34._o alfred_n k._n of_o england_n 33._o love_v and_o get_v about_o he_o learned_a man_n ibidem_fw-la translate_v the_o british_a law_n into_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n 42._o his_o epitaph_n 43._o alfwyen_fw-mi disinherit_v 49._o algar_n earl_n of_o chester_n 99_o almarus_n earl_n of_o devon_n 76._o anarawd_n the_o son_n of_o roderike_n 37._o he_o die_v 45._o anarawd_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rée_v slay_v 196._o armorica_n 2._o arnulph_n the_o son_n of_o roger_n mountgomery_n 151._o lord_n of_o dyvet_n 154._o rebel_v against_o k._n henry_n the_o first_o 157._o he_o depart_v the_o land_n 159._o arthur_n bone_n find_v 238._o arthur_n prince_n of_o wales_n 390._o aruon_n d_o 8._o asser_n archbishop_n of_o wales_n 44._o avanc_fw-la d_o 21._o augustine_n moonke_v the_o apostle_n of_o england_n d_o 15.254_o b._n baldwin_n archbishop_n of_o canturburie_n visit_v wales_n 241._o bardh_fw-mi beirdh_fw-mi d_o 15.191_o beda_n 15._o belin_n ap_fw-mi elphin_n 14._o bernard_n newmarch_n 148.151_o beumarish_n build_v 381._o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi conuyn_n 103._o he_o be_v slay_v 111_o brecheinoc_n brechnock_n d_o 20._o spoil_v by_o the_o dane_n 42.148.277.288_o brochwel_o scithroc_n d_o 15._o his_o dwell_a place_n 22._o bryth_v destroy_v ireland_n 13._o britain_n divide_a betweén_n the_o son_n of_o brutus_n d_o 1._o briton_n be_v spoil_v of_o their_o country_n by_o the_o saxon_n 5._o they_o abhor_v the_o romish_a religion_n 255._o threé_o remnant_n of_o they_o yet_o remain_v d_o 4._o british_a language_n now_o speak_v in_o wales_n d_o 4._o britain_n armorike_n and_o the_o king_n thereof_o 2._o buelht_o d_o 20.277.280_o burgundian_n whence_o they_o come_v 39_o c._n cadelh_n prince_n of_o southwales_n 35._o he_o die_v 44._o cadelh_n the_o son_n of_o gruffyth_n ap_fw-mi rée_n 201.202_o sore_o wound_v by_o the_o fleming_n 203._o cadivor_fw-la ap_fw-mi colhoyn_n 119._o cadogan_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n 152.155_o 157._o he_o make_v a_o great_a feast_n 163._o charge_v with_o his_o son_n lewdness_n 168._o he_o be_v slay_v 171._o his_o child_n 182._o cadwallader_n go_v to_o brytain_n armorike_n 1._o admonish_v by_o a_o angel_n 3._o go_v to_o rome_n and_o die_v 5._o cadwallader_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n he_o die_v 232._o cadwalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi jevaf_fw-mi 67._o cadwalhon_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredyth_n 71._o cardyffbuilt_a 116._o take_v 289._o caereneon_n d_o 12._o and_o 14._o the_o castle_n build_v 205._o caer_fw-mi gay_a d_o 9_o caerlheon_n be_v dhowrdwy_n or_o chester_n 27._o a_o cate-log_n of_o the_o earl_n 294._o caermardhyn_n d_o 18._o take_v 178._o destroy_v 193._o the_o castle_n build_v again_o 198._o take_v again_o ibidem_fw-la 247._o caernarvon_n castle_n build_v 374._o cambria_n cambry_n camberaec_fw-la d_o 2.3.4_o the_o country_n divide_v into_o shire_n and_o circuit_n 395._o the_o good_a service_n of_o the_o people_n to_o the_o k_o of_o englland_n 175.235_o they_o be_v leave_v out_o of_o the_o conclusion_n of_o peace_n 278._o they_o offer_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o law_n 324._o punish_v extreme_o but_o when_o they_o complain_v they_o have_v no_o redress_n 161.320_o abuse_a by_o y_z e_z king_n officer_n 350._o camdhwr_fw-mi 113._o caradocus_n lancaruan_n 206_o caradoc_n king_n of_o north-wales_n slay_v 20._o caradoc_n the_o son_n of_o rytherch_n ap_fw-mi jestyn_n 88_o caradoc_n ap_fw-mi gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rytherch_n 104.113_o caredigion_n d_o 17._o carrec_n cynnen_n castle_n 319._o carrec_n hova_n castle_n 219.241_o castor_n ¶_o see_v avanc_n celhy_a tervawc_n 153._o celynnoc_n vawr_fw-mi destroy_v 65._o conan_n meriadoc_n 2._o conan_n tindaethwy_o 17._o conan_n nant_n niver_n 32._o conan_n ap_fw-mi howel_n slay_v 74._o conan_n ap_fw-mi sitsilht_n 88_o conan_n the_o son_n of_o jago_n 89._o conan_n earl_n of_o richmond_n receive_v to_o be_v duke_n of_o britain_n 205._o congen_fw-mi king_n of_o powy_n 29._o conwey_n 38._o the_o castle_n build_v 374._o costenin_n dhu_n slay_v 65._o crogen_n castle_n 257._o crogens_n a_o nickname_n whence_o it_o come_v 258._o cudred_a king_n of_o west_n overcom_v the_o briton_n 15._o cnuedha_n wledic_n d_o 14._o his_o son_n give_v name_n to_o diverse_a country_n in_o wales_n which_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n d_o 14._o cydwe_o d_o 18._o spoil_v 152_o the_o castle_n build_v 242.272_o cymer_n 287._o cynvael_n castle_n 200._o cynwric_n ap_fw-mi rywalhon_n 112._o d._n daniel_n archdeacon_n of_o powy_n 187._o danes_n come_v to_o england_n 20._o they_o bend_v their_o force_n against_o wales_n 34._o whence_o they_o come_v 39_o they_o destroy_v saint_n david_n 45._o they_o be_v murder_v 76._o david_n ap_fw-mi owen_n gwyneth_n 221.227_o take_v his_o brother_n maelgon_n 234._o he_o marry_v emme_n the_o king_n sister_n 235._o put_v out_o of_o the_o government_n of_o wales_n 245._o take_v prisoner_n by_o his_o nephew_n 250._o come_v again_o against_o lhewelyn_n &_o be_v vanquish_v die_v for_o sorrow_n 259._o david_n ap_fw-mi lhewelyn_n 298._o take_v his_o brother_n prisoner_n