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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A23834	Remarks upon the ecclesiastical history of the antient churches of the Albigenses by Peter Allix ...	Allix, Pierre, 1641-1717.	1692 (1692)	Wing A1230; ESTC R14912	189,539	306

same Charity which we commonly make use of when we speak of the Ancienest Fathers of the Church But this will some object respects only the Lollards of England and cannot be extended to the justifying of the Lollards of Germany who might have been guilty of the Crimes whereof they are accused To this Objection I answer 1 st That since the Lollards according to the Testimony of Kilianus reported by M. du Cange were the same with the Waldenses the Bishop of Meaux hath already drawn up their Apology by maintaining that they differed only in a very few things from the Papists 2 dly That if one should reject the Bishop's Opinion yet sufficient Matter for their Justification may be found in the Writings of the more honest Authors of the Romish Communion such as Aeneas Sylvius and some others without speaking of their own Writings or Apologies whereof we have some few Remnants printed Be it as it will to return to our English Lollards Fox in his Acts and Monuments gives us a Bull of Pope Boniface IX directed to John Bishop of Hereford to oblige him to put King Richard II upon persecuting of them As likewise the Bull sent to King Richard on the same Subject which imports that he had commanded the Archbishops of Canterbury and York to prosecute them with the utmost Rigor and Severity and afterwards sets down the Commission of Richard II for the Trial of one Walter Brute one of that Party He hath also given us the History of the Manner of their being hang'd and burnt by the King's Order in 1414. But because it will be of moment to acquaint the Publick in what Points they chiefly differ'd from the Church of Rome and because there is come into my Hands a Register of some of the antient Bishops of Salisbury wherein are contained many Trials of these antient Christians I thought it necessary to add some of those Trials at the end of this Book faithfully copied from the Original There is no doubt but that there are many of them in the Registers of Canterbury of York and of several other Sees which could demonstrate that the Romish Clergy have never till the very Reformation omitted their utmost Endeavours towards the Extirpation by Fire and Fagot of all those that rebuked them for their Vices and for the Corruption of their Doctrine CHAP. XXIII Of the Doctrine of Wicklef and his Disciples in England BUT whether the Lollards maintain'd the Doctrine of the Albigenses in England or no certain it is that it received new Lustre from the Learning of Wicklef and those who joined with him in the defence of the Truth against the Friars and Court of Rome My Design is not to examine the whole History of Wicklef and of his Disciples to the bottom The Bishop of Meaux hath done his Endeavours to blacken them and to load them with the foulest Calumnies I only say in short that the Bishop did not take the pains to consult what Mr. Wood hath writ on this Subject in his History of the Vniversity of Oxford where he cites the Registers of the University which refute the greatest part of those Slanders that the Romish Party have published against Wicklef However thus much is evident that John Wicklef was the most renowned Man of that Age both for Learning and Piety He had been Educated at the University of Oxford where Scholastical Divinity had establish'd its Empire by the Care of Robert Grosthead John Duns Occam Richard of Armagh and divers others He there publickly profess'd Divinity and was at last made Rector of Lutterworth in Leicestershire where he died peaceably after great and long Troubles which he suffered for the defence of the Truth The Pope had at this time usurped almost the whole Royal Authority and more especially in England where after King John had made himself a Vassal of the Church of Rome under Innocent III the Popes commanded the Kings of England at pleasure We see by the Writings of Herveus Brito who wrote at Paris about the Beginning of this Century where he was Professor that the temporal Power over all the World was directly attributed to the Pope neither did any Kings oppose themselves against it It is well known that the Canonists who had then the Reputation had no other Song in their Mouths but that of the Pope's Divinity his Succession to the Rights of Jesus Christ and consequently his absolute Empire over all the World This we meet with in all their Writings and more especially in those who writ in defence of the Popes against the Emperor Lewis of Bavaria The Friars Mendicants whom Cardinal Albizi did very truly call the Pope's Souldiers had usurped all the Rights of the Secular Clergy and advanc'd their Conquests for the Pope to that Degree that the Authority of the Princes and Bishops signified nothing any longer in England except only when they acted in favour of the Monks From the time of Matthew Paris who gives us so strange a Description of their Insolence and of their Attempts against the Authority of the Clergy things were carried to that height that nothing was any longer able to oppose them Without doubt there was great need of Courage as great as Wicklef's was and Learning too as vast as his to stop so impetuous a Torrent This great Man set himself against it and carried on his Design after such a manner that the Effects and Consequences of it continued to the very Reformation It would take up a Volume to give a particular Account of what he wrote in the Reigns of Edward III and Richard II. I shall content my self to take notice only of some few Particulars and I shall afterwards treat of his Doctrine which diffus'd it self through Germany and brought about a great Reformation there 1. He publickly oppos'd in his Professor's Chair several Errors of the Church of Rome which the Monks and Popes by their Authority endeavour'd to maintain and countenance in which Undertaking he was always back'd by the Body of that University where he had taught so long time 2. He maintain'd his Doctrine by the Favour of the Court and the most illustrious and learned Members thereof and with so great a Satisfaction of the People that Knighton is obliged to acknowledg that one half yea the greater Part of the People owned his Doctrine 3. He had made so great Progress amongst the Clergy that he writes himself that above a third Part of the Clergy were ready to defend his Doctrine with the hazard of their Lives Accordingly he appeared boldly at the Synod of the Archbishop of Canterbury in February 1377 to give an account of his Doctrine where he defended himself with that Vigor that none durst gainsay him He appeared there again the same Year in May neither durst the Archbishop then decide any thing against him And when in the year 1382 they in his Absence condemned some Articles which he maintain'd yet he was there defended by the

the Roman Catholicks nor the Priests themselves that it was not a Religious War as was pretended but a kind of Robbery under the Colour of Religion That he hoped God would be so favourable to him as to make his Innocence and the just occasion he hath had to defend himself sufficiently known That they must not hope now to have them surrender at Discretion since they had found that there was no other to be expected from them but that of killing all they met with That it had never been found good Policy to drive an Enemy to Despair wherefore if the Legate would be pleased to afford any tolerable Composition to the Earl of Beziers and his Subjects that Mildness would be a better Method to reduce the Albigenses to the Church of Rome than extream Severity and that he ought also to remember that the Earl of Beziers was a young Man and a Roman Catholick who might be very serviceable in reducing his Subjects who had so great Confidence in him to their Obedience to the Church The Legate told the King of Arragon that if he would withdraw a little they would advise what were best to be done The King being called in again the Legate told him That in Consideration of his Intercession he would receive the Earl of Beziers to Mercy and therefore if it seemed good to him he might come forth and eleven with him with his Goods and Baggage but that as for the People that were in the City of Carcasson they should only deliver to his Discretion of which they ought to have a very good Opinion he being the Pope's Legate and that accordingly they should come forth all stark-naked Men Women and Children without Shirts or any other Covering on their Bodies Also that the Earl of Beziers should be delivered into sure Hands and that all his Estate should be surrendred up to the future Lord of his Territories who should be chosen for Conservation of the same The King of Arragon having indeavoured to bring the Legate to easier terms for the young Earl the Legate told him that these Conditions were very favourable and yet what follows is still more infamous The Legate employes a Person of Quality to indeavour to draw the Earl of Beziers out of Carcasson and to bring him to him with Assurance under Oath that he would send him back to his City of Carcasson in case he should not be satisfied with the Legat's Proposals The Count of Beziers upon this Assurance comes to the Legate and represents to him That if he would think fit to treat his Subjects with more Kindness he would easily induce them to comply with his Desire and recal the Albigenses from their Error to the Church That the Terms which had been mentioned to him were shameful and undecent for those who were to keep their Eyes chaste as well as their Thoughts That he knew his People would rather die than see themselves reduced to so scandalous an Ignominy and therefore entreated him to come to easier Terms and that he did not question but to make his Subjects accept of any other more tolerable Conditions The Legate's Answer was That the People of Carcasson might consider what they had to do that he would concern himself no further since the Earl was his Prisoner and should continue so till the City were taken and his Subjects acknowledg their Duty When Simon Earl of Montfort was made General for the Church he was so careful to destroy the Albigenses that he seized upon all the places belonging to Popish Lords that lay convenient for him so that the King of Arragon was forced to complain to the Pope of these his Proceedings in some Letters yet extant to oblige him to make Restitution And for the merciful temper of this renowned Earl take but this one Instance of it After a Siege of six Months the City of Lavaur was taken by Storm and scaling of the Walls and all that were found in it were put to the Sword except fourscore Gentlemen whom the Earl caused to be hanged and strangled and Almericus was hanged on a Gallows higher than the rest The Lady of Lavaur was cast alive into a Pit and there stoned to Death The Conduct of the Pope and the Lateran Council in the year 1215 is worth taking notice of because it was nothing but a Confirmation of all these Proceedings Mezeray gives this Account of it Prince Lewis took upon him the Badg of the Cross to go against the Albigenses and assisted in the Expedition of Languedoc the Earl of Montfort met him at Vienne and the Legate at Valence when he was come to St. Gilles Montfort who accompanied him received Bulls from the Pope who pursuant to the Decree of the Council of Montpellier held some Months before had given him the whole Territory of Tholouse and all the rest he had conquer'd with his cross'd Pilgrims provided he could get Investiture from the King and would pay him the accustomed Homage So that we may say that the Pope nominated him to his Dignity and the King in compliance with the said Nomination conferr'd it upon him From thence Lewis went to Montpellier and then to Beziers where he gave order for the demolishing of the Walls of Narbon and Tholouse In the mean time the Council of Lateran notwithstanding the pitiful Remonstrances of the Earl of Tholouse who was present there in Person with his Son adjudged the Propriety of his Lands to Montfort reserving only the Lands he had in Provence for his Son and 400 Marks of Silver a Year for his own Subsistence and that too upon condition of his being obedient to the Church Afer this Montfort assumed the Title of Earl of Tholouse and came and received his Investiture from the King in the City of Melun I should never have done should I barely mention all the Cruelties and Barbarities which the Romish Party exercised for near twenty Years together by their continual Croisades against a People who were taken to be Hereticks as soon as they found a New Testament in the vulgar Tongue about them I shall conclude this Chapter with setting down the Laws which the King of France enacted in the year 1228 against the Albigenses Wherefore because the Hereticks have now of a long time spread their Poison in your Parts polluting our Mother the Church after several Manners we do in order to their utter Extirpation decree that all Hereticks deviating from the Catholick Faith by what Name soever they are called as soon as they are condemned of Heresy by the Bishop of the Place or by any other Ecclesiastical Person that hath Power to do it be without delay punished Ordaining also and firmly enacting That no Man do presume to harbour or protect the said Hereticks or favour or trust them and that if any one do presume to commit any thing contrary to these Premises he be made incapable of being a Witness or of any Honour whatsoever as also of making a