Sattin and one of them led the Horse by the Bridle the which was performed with the same solemnity as they used in Castile to receive the person of the King. So soon as the Court was sate they began to treat and enter upon business as well relating to Justice as Government and herein he thought to render himself the more popular by favouring the cause of the poor who generally are more pleased with revolutions and changes than the rich And now the Devil who designed the downfall and ruine of this pernicious and evil Vice-king began to disturb and disquiet all the Countrey which was so lately settled after the troubles of an intestine War the first commotion took its rise from an ill understanding between the Vice-king and the Judges and indeed of all the Kingdom for that the Vice-king resolving to carry on his work in putting the new Laws in execution he little regarded the Petitions and Addresses which were presented to him from the City of Los Reyes of Lima and other smaller Corporations Thus far are the words of Fernandez Palentino in the 10th Chapter of his Book And this Authour farther discoursing of the humour of this Vice-king and the shame the Devil owed him for being the cause of all those Commotions which were raised in the Countrey and also that he was the occasion of that discord which ruines Kingdoms and destroyes Empires and which particularly proceeded not onely to a quarrel between the Vice-king and the Conquerours of that Kingdom but also to such a mortal feud between him and the Judges as was not to be reconciled And indeed herein the Judges had much advantage for that they were men of great temper discreet and unbiassed who foreseeing the many inconveniencies which the rumour onely much more the execution of the new regulations would occasion dissuaded those rash proceedings wherein they were the more positive in consideration that this Kingdom which was scarcely appeased and settled since the late Wars and was still in agitation and commotion would never be able to support such extravagant oppressions which would certainly be the cause of the total ruine and destruction of that Empire These plain representations made to the Vice-king with intention and design onely if it had been possible to attemper his angry and froward disposition served to little purpose and effect for that his humour being wholly bent on his own obstinate resolutions he termed all those who concurred not with him in the same opinion rebellious to the King and enemies to himself And farther to widden these breaches he ordered the Judges to remove from his neighbourhood in the palace and to take other lodgings in other quarters for themselves All which and much more so inflamed the minds of both parties that sharp words and reparties frequently intervened between them Howsoever in regard the Judges for better administration of affairs were obliged to keep fair with the Vice-king they so concealed and dissembled their resentments that their passions were not publickly made known But because the resolution of the Vice-king to put in execution the new Laws became daily more and more apparent and manifest the Discontents and Quarrels arose daily to a higher degree and those who were injured and prejudiced thereby became uneasie and impatient And as Diego Fernandez in his 10th Chapter saith that the Judges considering the obstinate and inflexible humour of the Vice-king on one side to execute the new Regulations of the Emperour to whom by reason of the distance of the place no opportune or seasonable applications could be made for a moderation or redress and that on the other side in case they should condescend to be deprived of their Indians it would be very difficult to recover that vassalage again they were by these difficulties reduced to such a kind of Dilemma that they were all distracted and knew not which way to turn or resolve Nor was the people onely confused and unquieted by these thoughts but even the Vice-king found himself reduced to an inquietude and distraction of mind when he found the people mutinous and turmoiled with a thousand fancies and resolved to sacrifice their lives and fortunes rather than to submit tamely to their own destruction As hereafter we shall find by the success And thus far are the words of Palentino which we have extracted â— verbatim from his own Writings CHAP. VI. The secret quarrel concealed between the vice-Vice-king and the Judges breaks out in publick Prince Manco Inca and the Spaniards who were with him write to the vice-Vice-king NOR did the quarrel between the vice-Vice-king and the Judges contain it self within the limits of private resentments but burst forth into the publick Streets and places of common Meetings the which calling into the mind of the vice-Vice-king that Motto or Sentence which he had read in the Inn of Huaura belonging to Antonio Solar and which he believed was either wrote by himself or by his order for which cause as both Carate and Diego Fernandez report sending for him and discoursing with him in private and having given him some very severe terms and reprehensions he gave order to have the gates of the palace shut and calling his Chaplain to confess him with intent to have him hanged on one of the Pilasters of the Court-yard which leads towards the High-street But Antonio Solar refusing to confess his execution was suspended till such time as that his danger and case was divulged through the whole City upon the rumour of which the Arch-bishop and all the persons of quality came to intercede for a pardon or suspension of Justice and after great intercessions all that they could prevail was for one day's reprieve upon which he was committed to close imprisonment But the fury and impetuosity of this choler passing over he considered that it was not convenient to put him to death but rather to detein him in prison and accordingly he kept him under restraint without process of Law Endictment or any Accusation whatsoever for the space of two months untill such time as the Judges going on a Saturday to visit the prisons were desired by some of the friends of Antonio Solar to make their enquiry concerning the state of his affair with which though they were well enough acquainted before yet for form sake they asked him the cause and crime for which he stood committed to which he replied that he knew not any and then calling for the books of the prison to see what actions or process had been made against him and finding none and that the Keeper of the prison could assign no cause against him the Judges on the Monday following made a Report to the Vice-king that having visited the prison they found that Antonio Solar had been there committed and upon examination of the books no crime or cause was entered against him onely that he was there imprisoned by his order Wherefore in case no crime were laid to his charge his imprisonment was
THE ROYAL COMMENTARIES OF PERU IN TWO PARTS THE FIRST PART Treating of the Original of their Incas or Kings Of their Idolatry Of their Laws and Government both in Peace and War Of the Reigns and Conquests of the Incas With many other Particulars relating to their Empire and Policies before such time as the Spaniards invaded their Countries THE SCOND PART Describing the manner by which that new World was conquered by the Spaniards Also the Civil Wars between the Piçarrists and the Almagrians occasioned by Quarrels arising about the Division of that Land. Of the Rise and Fall of Rebels and other Particulars contained in that History Illustrated with Sculptures Written originally in Spanish By the Inca GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA And rendred into English by Sir PAUL RYCAUT Kt. LONDON Printed by Miles Flesher for Samuel Heyrick at Gray's-Inn-Gate in Holbourn MDCLXXXVIII Sr Paul Rycaut late Consul of Smyrna Fellow of the Royall Societie Let this Book be Printed August 3. 1685. Middleton THE Royal Commentaries OF PERU IN TWO PARTS THE FIRST PART Treating of the Original of their Incas or Kings Of their Idolatry Of their Laws and Government both in Peace and War Of the Reigns and Conquests of the Incas With many other Particulars relating to their Empire and Policies before such time as the Spaniards invaded their Countries THE SECOND PART Describing the manner by which that new World was conquered by the Spaniards Also the Civil Wars between the Piçarrists and the Almagrians occasioned by Quarrels arising about the Division of that Land. Of the Rise and Fall of Rebels and other Particulars contained in that History Written originally in Spanish By the Inca GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA And rendred into English By Sir PAUL RYCAUT Knight LONDON Printed by Miles Flesher for Samuel Heyrick at Gray's-Inn-Gate in Holbourn 1688. Let this Book be Printed August 3. 1685. Middleton THE TRANSLATOR TO THE READER THE Authour of this History was one of those whom the Spaniards called Meztizo's that is one born of a Spanish Father and an Indian Mother And though he was a Native of Peru and by the Mother's side inclined to the simple Temperament which is natural to that Countrey yet it seems the Spanish humour was most prevalent in him so that he delighted much to tell us as in divers places that he was the Son of Garçilasso de la Vega one of the first Conquerours of the new World who was by the direct Line descended from that brave Cavalier Garciperez de Vargas from whom came the valiant Gomez Suarez de Figueroa the first Count of Feria his Great-grandfather and Ynigo Lopez de Mendoça from whom the Duke of Infantado was descended who was Brother to his Great-grandmother and to Alonso de Vargas Lord of the Black-mountain his Grand-father from whom came Alonso de Hinestrosa de Vargas Lord of Valde Sevilla who was Father to Garçilasso de la Vega of whom came our Authour Nor less illustrious doth he tell you that he was by the Mother's side who was the Daughter of Inca Huallpa Topac one of the Sons of Topac Inca Yupanqui and of Palla Mama Occlo his lawfull Wife from whom came Huayna Capac Inca the last King of Peru. Wherefore this Authour in all his Writings styles himself Garçilasso Inca because he derived his Pedigree from the Kings of Peru who were called Inca's a name it seems given to none but the Royal Family This History is divided into two Parts The first treats of their Government before the time of the Inca's which was by the Head of their Tribes and Families called Curacas and then it proceeds unto the Original of the Inca's and of their Government and in what manner that salvage People was civilized and instructed in the Laws of Humane Nature and to live in a Political Society by Manco Capac their first King How also the Men were taught by him to plow and cultivate their Lands and exercise some sort of Husbandry and how the Women by his Wife Coya Mama who by their Law was to be his Sister were taught to spin and weave and make their own Garments It is probable that a great part of this History as far as concerns the Original of the Inca's and the foundation of their Laws is fabulous howsoever being as our Authour says delivered by Tradition and commonly believed amongst their People of the better degree it may contain divers Truths mixed with abundance of Fictions and foolish Inventions But this is no more than what hath happened to Nations of more refined understanding for what account can we our selves give of Great Britain before the Romans entred into it Nay What can France or Spain say of the Ancient Inhabitants of their own Countries or of the manner how they came first to be Christians Unless it be that which ignorant men have devised and what the Learned men are now ashamed to believe or say after them And then what wonder is it that such poor Salvages born in a part of the World undiscovered to us untill the year 1484 and of whose Original we have no certain knowledge nor have any light besides fancy and conjecture from whence the Continent of America hath been peopled How then I say can it be expected that these illiterate Creatures should be able to give an account of their Extraction or of Matters which passed in those Ages of which the Learned parts of the World acknowledge their ignorance and confess themselves to be in the dark even as to those Matters which concern their own Histories But because it is in the nature of Mankind to use reflect Acts on their own being and retreat with their Thoughts back to some beginning so these poor Souls derive the Original of their first being from divers Creatures of which they had the greatest opinion and admiration some living near a great Lake which supplied them with store of Fish called that their Parent from whence they emerged and others esteemed the Mighty Mountains of Antis to have been their Parent and to have issued out of those Caverns as from the Womb of a Mother others fansied themselves to be descended from that great Fowl called Cuntur which spreads a very large Wing which pleased some Nations of the Indians that they would look no farther for a Parent than to that Fowl and in token thereof upon days of solemnity and festival carried the Wings thereof fastned to their Armes But then as to their Inca's or Kings whose Original was to be derived from something higher than sublunary Creatures being of better composition than their poor and mean Vassals the Sun was esteemed a fit Parent for those who were come from Divine race so that when they adored the Sun whom they acknowledged for their God they gave honour to their Kings who were descended from him Various have been the opinions amongst Historians concerning the Original of this People of which the most probable as I conceive is that
Religion he might take off that veil of Modesty which covered humane nature There were some both men and Women that practised the art of Poisoning so that they could kill with it immediately or in a certain time or could make mad or fools disfigure the countenance make the body leprous and the Limbs to wither and pine away Every Province and every Nation had a different Tongue or Dialect those who spake the same Language they esteemed Friends and Kindred and with them they kept peace and confederacy all others were accounted Enemies and Strangers with whom they maintained a perpetual War eating those whom they took as if they had been Animals of another species Witchcraft was more commonly used by the Women than by the Men who to gain a reputation to themselves of Wisedom of Prophecies and Predictions of things to come like Pythonesses or Sibyls treated familiarly with the Devil These Women out of malice or Envy practised this Art most commonly on the Men and which operated the same effect as their Poisons such was the constitution of these Indians in the first age and in the time of their Gentilism when they had no other guide but the Devil and their own Natures and hereof we shall more particularly treat in the sequel of this History when coming to discourse of the Nations apart we shall have occasion to mention the barbarisms and bestialities which are respectively appropriated unto the several People CHAP. VII The Original of the Incas who were Kings of Peru. THese People living and dying in that manner as we have before declared it pleased God at last that some little light should dawn from the morning and through the dark clouds of Ignorance and Stupidity dart a small ray of the Law of Nature into their hearts that learning something of that respect which one man ought to bear unto another they might by degrees improve in morality and from Beasts be converted into Men and made capable of Reason and Understanding that so when the same God who is the Sun of Justice should think fit to issue out the light of his Divine Rays on those poor Idolaters they might be found more docible and easily disposed to receive the principles of the Christian faith the which will plainly appear in the progress of this History and that those whom the Incas had subjected and reduced to some terms of Humanity and Political Government were much better and easier to receive the Evangelical Doctrine preached unto them than those ignorant wretches who lived in their natural stupidity and who to this day after the space of 71 Years that the Spaniards have been Masters of Peru have made no step or improvement towards the Doctrine of Morality or a rational Life And now that we may proceed forward to relate these obscure matters I must acquaint the Reader that having considered with my self of the ways and methods whereby I might most clearly make known the beginning and original of the Incas who were the Natural Kings of Peru I have determined with my self that there is no more expedite course nor means hereunto than to repeat those stories which in my youth I received from the relation of my Mother and my Uncles her Brothers and others of my Kindred touching this subject which certainly will be more authentick and satisfactory than any account we can receive from other Authours and therefore shall proceed in this manner My Mother residing at Cozco which was her own Countrey those few Kindred and Relations of hers which survived and escaped from the cruelties and Tyrannies of Atanhualpa as shall be related in the History of his life came almost every week to make her a visit at which their ordinary discourse was concerning the Original of their Kings the Majesty and greatness of their Empire their Conquests and Policies in Government both for War and Peace together with the Laws they instituted for the good and benefit of their subjects in short there was nothing great or prosperous amongst them which they omitted in the Series of their Discourse From their past Happiness they descended to their present condition and bewailed the death of their Kings by whose destruction the government fell and the Empire was transferred These and such like discourses the Incas and the Ladies of quality which we call Pallas entertained us with at their visits which they always concluded with tears and sighs in remembrance of their lost happiness saying that from Governours they were now become Slaves c. During these Discourses I that was a Boy often ran in and out pleasing my self with some pieces of the story as Children do with the tales of Nurses In this manner days and months and years passing till I was come to sixteen or seventeen years of age being one day present with my Kindred who were discoursing of their Kings and Ancestours it came into my mind to ask the most elderly Person amongst them and interrupt his Discourse in this manner Inca said I and my Uncle how is it possible since you have no Writings that you have been able to conserve the memory of things past and of the Original of our Kings I observe that the Spaniards and their neighbouring Nations have their Divine and Humane Histories whereby they learn the time that their own Kings and the Princes of other Countries began their Reigns when and how Empires were altered and transferred nay so far they proceed as to tell us how many thousand years are past since God created Heaven and Earth all which and much more they have learned from their books but as for your parts in what manner can you retain the memory of your Ancestors or be informed of the Original of your Incas as who was the first of them or what was his name of what lineage or in what manner he began to reign what Nations he conquered and when he gave a being to this great Empire and with what Exploits our Ancestors atchieved their greatness The Inca was much pleased to hear me make these enquiries because he took a delight to recount those matters and turning himself to me Cousin said he I most willingly comply with your request for it concerns you to hear them and keep them in your heart which is a phrase that they use when they mean that it should be committed to Memory You must know therefore that in ages past all this Region and Countrey you see round us was nothing but mountains and wild forest and the People in those times were like so many brute Beasts without Religion or Government they neither sowed nor ploughed nor cloathed themselves because they knew not the art of weaving with Cotton or Wool They dwelt by two and two or three and three together as they happened to meet in Caves or holes in the Rocks and Mountains their food was Herbs or Grass Roots of Trees and wild Fruits and Man's Flesh all the coverings they had were Leaves or
the Oppression and Violence which the Neighbours used towards their Subjects was another but before they attempted on them by any acts of Hostility they first sent their summons three or four times requiring their Obedience After any Province was subdued the first thing that the Inca did was to take their principal Idol as an Hostage and carry it to Cozco where it was to remain in the Temple as a Captive untill such time as the People being disabused by the Vanity and Inability of their Gods should be reduced to a complyance with the Incas in their Worship and Adoration of the Sun. Howsoever they did not presently overturn and demolish the strange Gods of the Countrey so soon as they had subdued it but rather out of respect to the Inhabitants they tolerated for some time their Idols untill that having instructed and persuaded them in a better Religion as they thought they might without their displeasure and perhaps with their consent destroy and suppress the God they had adored Next they carried the principal Cacique of the Countrey with all his Sons to Cozco there to caress and treat them with all kindness and humanity by which occasion they informing them of the Laws Customs and propriety of their Speech and instructing them in their superstitious Rites and Ceremonies they became more easily reconciled to the Laws and Servitude of the Inca After which the Curaca being restored to his Ancient Honour and Rule was permitted to return unto his Subjects who were commanded as formerly to obey him as their natural Prince and Lord. And that the conquered Nations might be reconciled with their Conquerours and that the rancour and malice which lay on the Spirits of those who conceived themselves injured by acts of Violence and War might be abated and assuged by gentle Lenitives an Act of Oblivion was passed and Banquets were prepared for feasting of the new Subjects together with the Conquerours of them that so a perpetual Peace and Amity might be concluded by a coalition of their Minds reconciled at these Feasts to which also the blind the lame and the infirm were admitted that so they also might partake of the bounty and liberality of the Inca. At these Banquets they were entertained with the Dances of the young Maidens and activity of the Youth and with the military Exercises of the Souldiery besides which they presented them with gifts of Gold and Silver and Feathers for the adornment of their Habits at the times of their principal Festivals and also they gave them Cloths and other small curiosities which they highly esteemed so that those People though never so barbarous and brutish at first were yet made sensible of these kindnesses to such a degree that they never afterwards so much as attempted to arise in Rebellion And to take away all occasions of complaint from the Subjects of Aggreivances and Oppressions whatsoever lest those Complaints should from words proceed to blows and open violence wherefore to prevent that their Estates and Liberties were always conserved to them onely they were required to be obedient to the Laws Statutes and ancient Institutions which wer published and openly promulged amongst them for unto these and to the Worship of the Sun their submission was required and no Dispensation allowed in the case and being obstinate they were to be compelled by force sometimes where it was convenient they transplanted Colonies from one place to another but then they provided them with Lands and Houses and Cattel and Servants and whatsoever was necessary and requisite for their livelihood and into their places they transported perhaps some of the Citizens of Cozco or others of approved Loyalty which served for Guards and Garrisons to keep the Neighbourhood in awe and subjection and also to teach and instruct those Savages and ignorant People in their Laws and Religion together with the Tongue and Language of their Countrey All the other points of Government and Injunctions imposed by the Inca Kings were more easie and gentle than of any other Princes who ruled the Nations of the New World the which is not onely made manifest and apparent by their own Historical Knots by which they committed the occurrences of past times unto memory but are also approved and confirmed by the faithfull Commentaries of the vice-Vice-King Don Francisco de Toledo who having informed himself of the Custome and manners of every Province from the Indians themselves made a Collection of them with his own hand-hand-writing and commanded his Visitors Judges and Registers to transcribe them Copies whereof are conserved unto this day in the publick Archives and serve to evidence that Benignity and Gentleness which the Kings of Peru in exercise of their Government used towards their Subjects for as we have noted before that excepting some particular matters enjoined and imposed for the Defence and Security of the Empire all other Laws and Statutes had no other aspect than what regarded the sole benefit and interest of the Subjects for every Man 's private Estate and Patrimony had the same Protection as that of the publick no Souldiers were permitted to pillage or plunder even those People whom they had subdued by force of Arms but received and treated them as if they were faithfull and true Servants and for those who voluntarily submitted and surrendred themselves they conferred in some short time Places and Offices of preferment relating to civil or military Commands The Duty of Tribute which these Kings laid on their Subjects was so trivial and inconsiderable that when in the sequel of this History we shall come to treat of the particulars thereof and wherein it consisted it will seem ridiculous to the Reader in return notwithstanding hereof the Incas were not onely contented to bestow on their Subjects their Food and Rayment but many other presents which they bountifully conferred on the Curacas and Great Men extending also their largesses to the poor and necessitous as if they had been Stewards or Masters of Families whose Office was to make Provision for others rather than Kings who bore the renowned Title of Capac Titu which the Indians conferred upon them Capac signifying as much as a Prince powerfull in Riches and Titu is as much as Liberal Magnanimous a Demi-God or Augustus Hence proceeded that great Love and Affection which the Peruvians bore towards their Kings that even to this day though they are become Christians they cannot forget the memory of them but are ready on all occasions when their present Oppressions grieve them with sighs and groans to invoke their Names and in reality they had much reason for we do not reade in all the Histories of Asia Africa or Europe that ever those Kings were so gratious to their Subjects as these or that they were so frank or familiar with them or so gentle and carefull managers of their Interest And now from what we have already said and what we shall hereafter declare the Reader may be able to collect
hundred thousand Franks and yet in the Year 1574. when Charles the 9th dyed the same Revenue was improved to fourteen Millions and the like proportion of increase was advanced in all other Kingdoms and Governments which Examples serve sufficiently to demonstrate in what manner all the World hath been enriched by the Treasures of Peru. And in regard that Our Spain hath been especially obliged to that Countrey by the vast effluxes of its Wealth from thence vve need not seek or borrovv proofs hereof from other Countries but onely consider our ovvn nor need vve to look many Ages back but onely from the time of King Ferdinand surnamed the Saint vvho regained Cordova and Seville of vvhom the General History of Spain written by Don Alonso the wise makes mention and tells us that Don Alonso the 9th King of Leon who was Father of King Fernand the Saint made War upon him and that his Son wrote him word that as an obedient Child he was resolved never to resist him and that he would gladly appease his Anger with any satisfaction that he should require of him to which Don Alonso replied That he required of him the payment of ten thousand Maravedis which he owed him which when he had performed he would then cease his Wars and enter into Amity with him The whole Copy of the Letter written at large we have omitted to recite for brevity sake onely we have thought fit to repeat the Answer which was wrote in this manner That the cause of his War was for the recovery of ten thousand Maravedis which the King Don Enriquez owed for the high way which he had made to Santivannez de la Mota and that paying this Money the Quarrel should end whereupon the King Fernando not being willing to wage War with his Father for ten thousand Maravedis presently made him satisfaction the which is related in the general Chronicle of Spain and in the particular Life of King Fernando About the same time a certain Knight who wore the red Cross as a badge of his Pilgrimage unto the Holy Land named Ruy Dias began to commit many insolences before his departure for which Offences divers complaints coming against him he was cited to appear before the Courts of Justice to make answer to those Accusations which were laid against him upon which summons Dias making his appearance at Villadolid where the Court then resided but being informed of the many complaints which were there formed against him he in a rage and fury departed thence without giving any Answer thereunto At which the King Fernando being highly displeased immediately by process of Law banished him the Countrey howsoever Dias maintained himself within his Castles and Fortresses untill such time that by Agreement with the King to pay him fourteen thousand Maravedis all matters were compounded and the Fortresses were consigned into the hands of the noble King Don Fernando The same History also makes mention of this following passage namely That when King Fernando had possession of one part onely and not of the entire Kingdom of Leon he left Mansilla and went to Leon which was the principal City of that Countrey where he was received with great joy and magnificent entertainment and there crowned King of Leon by the Bishop of that City and being in the presence of all the Nobles and Citizens seated in the Regal Throne Te Deum was solemnly sung with the common satisfaction and rejoycing of the people and from that time he had the Title of King of Castile and Leon both which Kingdoms were his lawfull Inheritance descended to him from Father and Mother for these two Kingdoms had formerly been divided and bestowed by the Emperour to his two Sons that is Castile to D. Sancho and Leon to Fernando and afterwards came to be again united together in the Noble Person of Don Fernando the third After this the Queen Teresa the Mother of Tancha and Dulce the Sisters of D. Fernando seeing that her Son was become Master of the whole Kingdom and that she was not able to make farther resistence against him she dispatched an Ambassadour to D. Fernando demanding some share and convenient subsistence which being granted was much displeasing to some degenerate Spirits who were in hopes of making a benefit to themselves by the Wars between Castile and Leon of which Embassy the Noble Lady Berengaria Mother of Fernando being informed she laboured much to bring matters to an accommodation being very apprehensive of the many Troubles and infinite Ruines which are caused by a Civil and intestine War and for that reason labouring on both sides she at length produced a Peace between her Son the King Fernando and his Sisters the Ladies Sancha and Dulce and prevailed with the King to stay at Leon whilst she made a visit to the Queen Teresa and her Daughters then residing at Valentia And then it was that Berengaria prevailed with Teresa and her Daughters to quit all their Title and Interest to the Kingdom of Leon in consideration of which King Fernando did oblige himself to give a yearly Annuity to each of these Sisters of thirty thousand Maravedis of Gold. To confirm this Agreement the King came to Benevente where he met his Sisters and there signed and sealed a Writing to them to pay them the thirty thousand Maravedis of Annuity making them Assignment on the places where to receive their Money which was afterwards the Foundation of a happy Peace After this King Fernando being married to Queen Joan he went in Progress to visit several parts of his Kingdom and being at Toledo he understood that Cordova and other remote Cities of his Kingdom were in great penury and distress for want of Provisions for supply of which he sent them twenty five thousand Maravedis to Cordova and the like sum to other Garrisons All which small sums are particularly recorded in the Chronicles which write of the Life of Don Fernando the Saint CHAP. IV. The Authour proceeds in his Discourse concerning the small quantity of Money which was in ancient days and how much there is now in these THE which Treatise being of the same nature with the preceding Chapter to avoid tediousness to the Reader we have thought fit to omit And so proceed unto the next Chapter CHAP. V. Shewing how little the Conquest of the new World cost unto the Kings of Castile BEing come now to our ultimate Argument to prove the small quantity of Money which was then in Spain before the time that the Conquest of my Countrey was effected we cannot give a more pregnant instance than by demonstrating how little the most rich Empire of Peru and all the new World not before known cost the Kings of Castile Francis Lopez in his General History of the Indies having recounted many remarkable passages we shall faithfully recite such of them as are most pertinent to our purpose as namely That Christopher Columbus treated with Henry the 7th King of England about
famine and their Horses so saint for want of grass and provender that they were not fit for a march wherefore the Vice king commiserating the condition of his men told them that if any one of them were desirous to remain behind he freely gave them their discharge but not a man of them accepted thereof but said that they would rather die with him than desert him so they marched day and night without sleep or repose or sustenance or any refreshment In the mean time intelligence was given to Gonçalo Piçarro of what had passed between the Vice-king and Carvajal of which some who were Enemies to Carvajal made use to disparage his Conduct saying that it was in his power to have defeated the whole force of the Enemy at that time having surprized them as they were sleeping and at rest and I find that some Historians object this matter against him as a point of neglect but I who knew the person of the man am of another opinion and have heard from many well experienced in the War that since the time of Julius Caesar there hath not been a greater Souldier than he the truth is and so all Historians report that the Vice-king being a hundred and fifty to fifty that is three to one it was prudence in him not to adventure on such a disadvantageous undertaking but rather to make a Bridge of Silver for desperate men to escape over Moreover some say he had no Commission to engage or to hazard his men but in military matters it is hard to censure great Captains who better understand the secret of their affairs than Strangers can do Howsoever the matter was Gonçalo Piçarro reinforced him with two hundred men more which he sent under the command of Licenciado Carvajal by which auxiliary force they allarum'd and pursued the Vice-king untill he came to the Province and people called Ayahuaca seizing every day some of their Men Horses and Baggage so that by the time he came to Ayahuaca he had scarce eighty Men remaining of all his number howsoever he proceeded forward to Quitu where he hoped to find Provision for his Men. In the like straits also was the Army of Piçarro who being almost famished with hunger were forced to kill and eat their Horses for want of sustenance and indeed were in greater necessities than the Vice-king's Souldiers because Blasco Nunnez wheresoever he came destroyed every thing which he thought might be of benefit to the Enemy which followed him In this pursuit the principal that were taken were put to death by Carvajal namely Montoya an Inhabitant of Piura Brizenno of Puerto Veiejo Raphael Vela and one Baltaçar And farther to re-inforce Carvajal sixty Horse were sent under the command of Captain John Acosta consisting of the most select and choice Souldiers that were in his Army by which the Vice-king was straitned to the last extremity which Diego Fernandez in the fourty first Chapter of his Book expresses in these words Thus did the Vice-king says he march day and night with the small remainder of his Forces and finding no other provisions in many places than onely a few Herbs and Roots did often in despair and fury curse the Countrey and the day in which he entred into it and the people who were sent to him from Spain that had so basely deserted and betrayed him but John de Acosta who was lately come and his Men fresh pressed him so hard that he came close to him a little before his arrival at his quarters of Calva where coming something late and having marched hard he thought he had time enough to take some little repose But John de Acosta beating up his quarters about break of day fell upon the Front with such a surprize that he took many of their Men and Baggage onely the Vice-king had time to make his escape with about seventy of his best Horse After which John de Acosta made a retreat and returned to the main Body supposing that there was little more to be done upon the Enemy By which means the poor Vice-king tyred and famished came to the Province and his quarters in Calva And in regard two of his Captains namely Jeronimo de la Serna and Gaspar Gil advanced with their Companies and Colours before him he fansied that they went with intention to possess a certain pass on the way which when he was at Piura he had sent before and caused to be made of Timber with great labour upon a thick rock hanging over a river near Jambo Blanco in the Province of Amboca which being broken down would require some time to repair and having a suspicion that these Men went before to possess this Pass and by such a piece of service to reconcile themselves with Piçarro he resolved to prevent them by taking away their lives and accordingly he put it in execution causing their throats to be cut during the little space of leisure which the Enemy had given him so that now marching with a little more ease and security than before he came at length to Tomebamba where having taken up his quarters he executed another piece of cruelty on his Major General Rodrigo de Ocampo for though untill that time he had esteemed him to be his intimate and fast friend yet the like melancholy fancy of suspicion and jealousie entering into his head as did of the other two Captains he incurred the same destiny as they did though they had followed and attended him in all his misfortunes The death of these persons caused various Discourses and Judgements in Peru some condemning and others excusing the Vice-king therein From Tomebamba Blasco Nunnez proceeded till he came to Quitu without interruption and without that want and scarcity under which he formerly laboured And having in his way to Quitu received informations against Francisco de Olmos that he and others who came from Puerto Viejo had been the Authours of false reports to the disservice of his Majesty he no sooner came to the City but he examined the truth of those informations which were brought against those who came from Puerto Viejo the which being proved he consulted the matter with Licenciado Alvarez and then immediately executed Justice upon them cutting off the heads of some and hanging others under the Notion of Traytors to the King amongst those who suffered were Alvaro de Carvajal Captain Hojeda and Gomez Estacio but upon farther proof of the innocence of Francisco de Olmos he spared his life Thus far is related by Diego Fernandez Palentino but Lopez de Gomarra in chap. 168. writing of the death of those Captains gives us this account which is extracted verbatim out of his Book in these words Piçarro sent John de Acosta with sixty light Horsemen in pursuit of Blasco Nunnez to engage him or force him to a hasty retreat accordingly he marched to Tomebamba with fear and trouble and in want of all things and having a suspicion that Jeronimo de la
we have thought fit to divide it into two parts CHAP. XLII Of other passages like the others and what happened by a Boy who touched one of the Quarters of Carvajal WHEN he marched out of Cozco to go to Collao with three hundred Souldiers after him all drawn up in form of Battel for he was much pleased to see his men well exercised and marching in good order A little more than a league from the City he observed one of his Souldiers to separate from the rest of the Company and to retire behind a Rock in the way for his natural easement Carvajal who remained always in the Rere the better to observe the march of his Troops seemed very angry and much displeased with the Souldier for leaving his Rank the Souldier excused himself being urged by his natural necessities How said Carvajal a good Souldier of Peru who is the best Souldier in the world ought to eat his Loaf of Bread at Cozco and cast it out again at Chuquisaca which are two hundred leagues distant each from the other At another time Carvajal travelling with five or six Companions they brought him a roasted Leg of Mutton of that large kind of Sheep which are in that Countrey and which are half as big more as those are in Spain One of those in the company called Hernan Perez Tablero who was a familiar Friend of Carvajal offered to be Carver and as a bad Husband in his Office cut out large slices What dost thou mean said he to cut out such great pieces I give every man answered he his proportion it is well done said Carvajal for the Devil is in his Gut who comes for more When Carvajal was returned victorious from the pursuit he had made after Diego Centeno he made a Banquet at Cozco and invited all his Captains and chief Officers thereunto and though Wine was dear at that time and worth three hundred pieces of Eight the Arrobe or twenty five pounds weight being about six Gallons English measure yet the Guests drank freely of it and not being accustomed to drink Wine they were all so disordered that some fell a sleep in their Chairs others on the Floor some tumbled down and every one was ill accommodated and in disguise which Donna Catalina Leyton coming forth from her Chamber saw she in a scorning manner said alas for poor Peru that thou shouldst have the misfortune to be governed by such people as these which when Carvajal heard Peace said he you old Jade and let them sleep but two hours for there is not one of these fellows but is able to govern half a world At another time having imprisoned a rich man for some words which he was accused to have said against him and having detained him in prison for want of due evidence and proof of matters against him though he seldom stood upon those niceties to dispatch his Enemies The poor man finding that his Execution was delayed he imagined that the onely way to save his life was to ransome himself with money for it was well known that Carvajal had on the like occasion taken the present and been reconciled upon this supposition he sent for a Friend of his and desired to bring him two Ingots of Gold which he had laid in such a place which being brought to him he sent them to Carvajal desiring him to hear his Cause and his Answers to the Accusations of his enemies Carvajal having received the Gold went to visit the Prisoner whose lodging was in his House And the Prisoner pleading that he was falsly accused desired him to be satisfied with the misery he had already suffered and that he would pardon him for God's sake promising for the future to become a true faithfull and a loyal Servant to him as he would find in time Carvajal taking his Ingots of Gold said with a loud voice that the Souldiers in the yard below might hear him Why Sir having so authentick Writings and Papers to shew as you have did not you produce them before Go your ways in God's name in peace and live securely for though we are against the King it is not reason that we should likewise be enemies to the Church of God. We have formerly in another place related how Carvajal strangled Donna Maria Calderon and hanged her out at a Window of her Lodgings we were then very brief in this narrative and did not plainly specifie the particular words and reasons not to interrupt by a long digression the proper current of the History we shall now supply that defect in this place Donna Maria Calderon though residing in her enemies quarters and in their power yet made it her common discourse in all companies to speak openly against Gonçalo Piçarro and notwithstanding Carvajal to whom the informations were brought did twice or thrice admonish her to be less liberal in her language and to be more prudent and cautious in her speeches as did other Friends who wished her well howsoever she made no use of this good counsel but vented her passion with more liberty and indiscretion than before whereupon Carvajal went one day to her Lodging and told her Lady Gossip I am come to cure you of your too much prating and I know no other remedy for it than to choak you but she following her pleasant humour and thinking that Carvajal was in jest away said she you drunken Fool in the Devil's name for though you jest I will stop my ears to you and not hear in earnest said he I do not jest for I come to cure you of too much loquacity for that you may not prate as you have done I come to streighten the wideness of your Throat and to shew you that I am in earnest behold here are my Ethiopian Souldiers at hand who are to doe you this service for he always carried three or four Negroes with him for such Offices as this hereupon he went his way and his Myrmidons immediately strangled her and hanged her Body out at a Window looking to the Street and as he was under he cast up his eyes and said Upon my life Lady Gossip if this be not a remedy to affright you from too much talking I know not what other means to use Carvajal being at a certain City where his Souldiers were quartered upon the Inhabitants and having occasion to march from thence two months afterwards he returned again to the same City where an Officer of the Town fearing that they would quarter the same Souldier upon him which formerly had been with him went to Carvajal and desired him that that Souldier might not be put upon him Carvajal understanding him gave him a nod instead of other answer And coming to the place where quarters were to be assigned to the Souldiers he said to every one of them particularly Go you to such a place and you to such a place and so disposed of every one of them as if he had carried a list of the Inhabitants names in
Top-Mast head that they might see he was still alive and had escaped both the Fire and the Water And so giving out his Orders to the other Ships to prosecute their Voyage to Nombre de Dios he returned to Spain to renew his Commission and Instructions all his Writings having been consumed by the Fire and having procured his Dispatches he again put to Sea with the Fleet which transported Marquis de Cannete the vice-Vice-King to Peru as Palentino reports though he mentions nothing of the disaster of the Galeon CHAP. IV. The Vice-King arrives in Peru. He puts new Officers into places of Trust. He writes Letters to the several Governours THe Vice-King Don Andres Hurtado de Mendoça departed from Panama and with a fair Wind arrived at Paita which is on the Confines of Peru from whence he dispatched his respective Orders to the Kingdom of Quito and other parts thereabouts He also wrote to the several Governours of the Empire and sent a Gentleman who was a Kinsman of his Family on a particular message to the Royal Chancery at Los Reyes but being a Youngman he made too long a stay at St. Michaels Town entertaining himself in Diventisements neither decent nor honest upon notice whereof the Vice-King sent him express Orders to proceed no farther and when he himself came to that City he commanded him to be taken into Custody with intent to send him Prisoner into Spain resolving never to pardon any Messenger or Officer of his who did not diligently observe the Commission and Orders he had given him He also sent away Don Pedro Luys de Cabrera into Spain with other married men who had left their Wives at home But the Truth is it was more the fault of the Wives than of the Husbands who had sent for them and given them credit for considerable Sums of Money to defray the charge of their voyage But these Women being delighted with Sevile which charms all those which have resided in it have refused to obey the Husbands Summons and prevailed with the Justice to send Commands to recal them into Spain There were three of these Women whose Husbands I knew in Peru and were men possessed of considerable Estates in Land to the value of a hundred thousand Ducats of yearly Rent all which upon their deaths would have descended to their Wives had they resided upon the place but being absent the Right and Propriety devolved to the King I could name particularly their Names but out of respect to their Reputation 't is better to conceal them The Vice-King proceeded forward on his way with all the gentle demeanour and courtesie imaginable rewarding some and giving fair words and promises to all who demanded a remuneration for their past services All which he acted with Art and Design that a report of his Candour might fore-run his coming and the minds of men quieted by a prepossession of his intentions to gratifle and reward every man as he deserved It was also the talk of common fame that the Vice-King intended to select a Cabinet Council of four Persons of the most intelligent and experienced men of the Empire who were impartial and unbiassed and who by long and antient practice in Affairs were able to render an account of every Man's Services and Merit The Persons commonly named were Francisco de Garay Citizen of Huanacu Lorenzo de Aldana of Arequepa Garçilasso de la Vega and Antonio de Quinnones of Cozco this was the fancy of the common people it being well known that every one of these men was endued with a Talent sufficient to govern Peru in case the Reins were committed to their hands And with this imagination the Inhabitants of this Empire both Clergy and Seculars comforted and pleased themselves saying that such a Prince must be sent from Heaven into whose heart God had infused the thoughts of making choice of such Counsellours Palentino in the second Chapter of his Book hath these words The Vice-King saith he proceeded on his Journey to Los Reyes declaring as he went his Intentions to reward every man as he deserved but the common voice of Fame gave out that he would confer his Favour on all without reflection on any thing that was past This report brought multitudes of people to Truxillo and many of those who had been Delinquents and faulty in their Duty to his Majesty towards all which the Vice-King carried himself very fairly and gave out in his discourse that by those men who had revolted from Hernandez Giron to the King that Country had been saved And in this manner he amused the minds of the people that those who formerly durst not adventure to Cozco and other parts without a strong Guard and much circumspection were become at last confident and assured of safety by indulgence from the Vice-King Thus far this Authour To which we are farther to add and say That upon the News of the arrival of the Vice-King the Inhabitants of Cozco were greatly pleased and satisfied every one depending on the report which common Fame spread abroad of his Clemency and good Intentions Howsoever Thomas Vazquez and Piedrahita lived retired at their Country-houses more out of shame than fear of their safety For tho' they had followed the Rebellion from the first beginning of the Insurrection and concerned in all the Blood and Murders had been committed yet having renounced the cause of the Rebel at a critical time and in such a conjuncture as gave him the fatal blow his Majesties gracious Pardon under the Great Seal of the Chancery was conferred upon them on confidence of which they came freely to the City when their occasions called them thither tho' with a modest Train and with such Equipage as became men who being under a Cloud had retired into a kind of voluntary Banishment amongst their Indian Vassals And with such caution did these men live that during the three years that my Father Garçillasso de la Vega was Governour of Cozco I never saw them there unless it were John Piedrahita who upon some extraordinary occasion of business came by night to make my Father a Visit and give him a relation of his Solitary Life but never in the day time appeared publickly on the place Howsoever Alonso Diaz who was a Citizen never absented himself from home but lived quietly in his own house tho' he had been another of those who had concerned himself in the Rebellion of Hernandez And this was the truth of this Story which our Authour makes such a stir about and would insinuate things scandalous and offensive to the Hearers The Vice-King came to the City of Los Reyes in the Month of July 1557 where he was received with that Pomp and Grandure which was due to his Royal Office and to the Quality of his Person having the title of Marquis given him from his Lordship over Vassals for tho' other Vice-Kings had been Marquises yet none of them before assumed the Title of their Marquisate
should declare the Message they brought unto his General Accordingly the first day passed in complement the General only bidding them welcome But the next day John Sierra being admitted to Audience he was severely reproved by the General for coming with the attendance of so many Christian Souldiers For which John Sierra excused himself saying That he brought them by the advice and order of the Governour of Cozco and his Aunt Donna Beatriz and then he declared to him the occasion for which he was sent and read to him the Letters from his Mother and the Governour with that also which the Vice-King had wrote to Donna Beatriz John Sierra having thus delivered his Message Betanços and the Frier were also called and admitted to the same place of whom they demanded the same questions to see what difference there was in the proposals which were made The Frier and Betanços produced the Writing of Pardon and declared the substance of the Embassy upon which they were employed and delivered the Present which the vice-Vice-King sent to the Inca of several pieces of Velvet and Damask and two Cups of silver gilded together with other things of curiosity After which the General and Captains sent two Indians who had been present at all the discourse to give a relation to the Inca of the particulars which had passed which when the Inca had heard and thought well upon he gave answer That the Ambassadours should immediately return from whence they came with their Letters Act of Pardon and Presents for that he would not have to do with the Vice-King but remain free and independent of him as he had hitherto done But as John Sierra and the rest were departed orders were brought after them by two Indians that they should return immediately and appear before the Inca to give him and his Captains an account in person of the Embassy they had brought and being on their way and not above four Leagues from the Inca another Command was given that John Sierra should come alone and that the others should be dispeeded back with such convenient Provisions as were necessary for their journey The next day John Sierra was come within two Leagues of the Inca when he met a new Order to detain him two days longer before his admittance and in like manner Messengers were sent to cause Betanços and the Frier to return back to the Inca who at the end of two days sending for John Sierra he received him with such kindness and affection as was due to a near and principal Kinsman And John Sierra having expressed and explained the particulars of his Message in the best sense and words he was able the Inca seemed well satisfied and pleased with what he had delivered but in regard that being in his Minority and not master of himself nor having for want of years assumed the coloured Wreath it was necessary for him to refer all his Affairs and Treaties to the consideration of his Captains Which being done Frier Melchior de Los Reyes was also sent for and ordered to deliver the Embassy he had brought from the Vice-King which being accordingly signified the Offer was kindly understood and the presents accepted Howsoever it was ordered that the Frier and John Sierra should attend and expect an Answer after the Captains had consulted thereupon The debate being again re-assumed nothing was concluded but that more time was required to consult their Predictions and Oracles and to consider farther before they could come to a resolution And in the mean time not to detain John Sierra and the Frier any longer it was ordered that they should be dispatched away to Lima with two other Indian Captains who in the name of the Inca should attend the Vice-King and treat with him concerning the Pension and allowance which was to be given to the Inca in consideration that the Inheritance and Succession of those Kingdoms did by Right of Nature belong unto him Being in this manner dismist they travelled by the way of Andaguaylas to the City of Los Reyes where they arrived on St. Peters day in the month of June The Indian Captains having had Audience of the Vice-King and declared what they had to say in behalf of their Inca were kindly received by him and hospitably treated for the space of eight days during which time they were lodged in the City and had frequent conferences with the Vice-King touching the entertainment which was to be given the Inca for the maintenance of his Court and Equipage agreeable to his Dignity so as to be able to live peaceably amongst them paying Homage and Obedience to the King. The Vice-King having consulted this point with the Arch-Bishop and Judges it was agreed to give an allowance to the Inca of seventeen thousand pieces of Eight yearly in Money for maintenance of himself and Sons besides the Indians and Estate of Francisco Hernandez and to hold therewith the Valley of Yucay together with the Indians and Lands formerly belonging to Don Francisco Hernandez the Son of the Marquis With some Lands belonging to the Fortress of Cuzco which was assigned to him for his dwelling house and place wherein he was to keep his Indian Court. In confirmation and for security hereof an instrument was drawn up to settle this Allowance on the Inca provided that in the space of six Months after the date thereof which was the fifth of July the Inca should accept of those Conditions and leave his habitation in the Mountains and come and live amongst the Spaniards This Writing was delivered to John Sierra who was solely appointed to return therewith accompanied only with the two Indian Captains and by that time that he was come to the Indian Court the Inca had received the coloured Wreath and with great joy received the Letters and Writings from the vice-Vice-King c. Thus far Diego Hernandez which I thought sit to extract verbatim from his own Writings that I might not seem to have enlarged on the Care and Cautions used by the Indians in their Treaty above the Sphere of their Capacities And now it will not be from our purpose to explain some passages which this Anthor hath touched upon in the preceeding discourse The first is concerning those Carives who he says did eat one the other in the time of War it is true that this was accustomary in the Empire of Mexico in the antient times of Heathenisme But in Peru it was never practised For as we have said in the first part the Incas made severe Laws against those who eat human Flesh And therefore we must understand this Author according to the custome of Mexico and not of Peru. The Revenue given to the Inca did not amount to 17000 pieces of Eight for as we have said before the Lands of Francisco Hernandez did not yield above ten thousand pieces of Eight per annum And as to what he says they gave him in the Valley of Yucay which was the Estate of the Son of
Marquis Francisco Piçarro it was in reality worth nothing for that Valley being very pleasant and delightful was divided amongst the Spaniards who were Citizens of Cozco and well cultivated by them and fenced in to make Gardens and Vineyards as it is to this day Wherefore the poor Inca enjoyed nothing more than to have the Title of being Lord of Yuca which notwithstanding he highly esteemed being the most pleasant piece of ground in all the Empire The grant of which was not carried to the Inca by John de Sierra as this Author intimates but was given him at Los Reyes when he personally appeared there to visit the Vice-King and pay the Complement of Obedience But that which was carried by John de Sierra and delivered to the Inca was no other than an Act of Grace and Pardon of all his Crimes without mentioning any particulars or making any promises of support or maintenance for himself or Family or setting out any Lands to make him a Revenue In the following Chapter we will set down every thing methodically as they passed for what we have anticipated in this place is only to shew by another hand what Caution Subtilty Craft and Jealousie the Indian Captains used in their Treaties before they would adventure to commit their Prince into the power of the Spaniards CHAP. X. The Governours of the Prince consult the several Prophesies and Prognostications which were made concerning the event of their Prince's departure from the Mountains Diverse Opinions arise thereupon the Inca resolves to go he comes to Los Reyes where he is received by the Vice-King The answer which the Inca made when the Instrument was delivered to him which allotted and secured a maintenance to him THE Captains and Tutors of the Inca continued their Debates and Consultations concerning the Surrender of their Prince into the hands of the Spaniards And for better assurance therein they inspected the Entrails of the Beasts which they offered in Sacrifice and observed the flying of Birds by Day and those of the Night they looked on the Skye to see whether it were thick or cloudy or whether the Sun were bright and clear without Mists or Clouds which covered it and accordingly they made their Prognostications of good or bad Fortune They made no enquiries of the Devil because as we have said before all the Oracles of that Country ceased and became dumb so soon as the Sacraments of our Holy Mother the Church of Rome entered into these Dominions And tho' all the Observations made seemed good Omens and portended happy success yet the Captains were divided in their Opinions Some said that it was sit for their Prince to appear publickly and in the Eyes of his People to whom nothing could be so pleasant and acceptable as the presence of his Person Others said that there was no reason to expect the restauration of their Prince for the Inca was already dispossessed of his Empire and the same divided amongst the Spaniards and proportioned by Pravinces and Plantations of which there was no hopes ever to see a restitution And in such a condition as this a Prince disinherited and divested of all his Power and Riches would make such a poor figure before his People as would give them Subject rather of Sorrow than of Joy at his presence And tho' the Vice-King promised to make him an allowance wherewith honourably to support himself and Family yet not having allotted the Provinces nor named the parts from whence such Revenue is to arise it looks as if he intended to feed him with empty words without any real or substantial performances and in case when an allowance is assigned which doth not prove agreeable to the Quality of the Prince he had lived a more happy Exile within these Mountains than exposed abroad to Misery and Scorn But what security have you that these Spaniards will not deal with this Prince as they sometime did with his Father whom instead of returning him all the acknowledgments which a Soul endued with Humanity and Reason was capable to render they barbarously killed with the stroak of a Bowl upon his Head whilest he endeavoured to divertise and solace them a that Game in their Solitude and retirement with him where he concealed and secured them from the hands of their Enemies Nor is it so long since the time of Atahualpa but that we may remember how they strangled him against the Faith and Articles of Peace which were made with them having thereby given us a clear Evidence how far their Honesty and Promises extend These and other Examples of the faithless and treacherous performances used by the Spaniards towards the Caciques and other Indians of Principal Note were particularly called to mind and related the which for brevity sake we omit And afterwards the two Opinions with the Arguments on each side being laid before the Prince he inclined to the advice of remaining in his Station and not intrusting his Person to the Honesty and Mercy of the Spaniards and herein he was more strongly confirmed when he reflected on the Fate of his Father and His Uncle Atahualpa And then it was what Palentino saith before that the Prince ordered the Letters and Presents and Writings to be returned to the vice-Vice-King and to tell him That as he might do his own will and pleasure so he who was the Inca was free and independant of any and so would continue But whereas our Lord God had out of his infinite goodness and mercy determined that that Prince his Wife and Children and Family should be admitted into the Bosom of our Mother the Roman Catholick Church he so governed the Heart of this Prince that notwithstanding all the Affrightments and Apprehensions he conceived of incurring the like Fate with his Ancestors he yet in a short time changed his mind and resolved to throw himself and his Good Fortune on the Faithfulness and good Nature of the Spaniards The which Palentino confirms and says That after John Sierra and the others were departed the Inca dispatched two Indians after them with Orders to cause them to return and give up the Commission which was delivered to them Thus did this matter pass as this Author relates tho' with some difference in respect to time and the method of the several proceedings I for my part set them down in that Form as they succeeded according as they were often related to my Mother by our Indian Kindred who came out with the Prince and made this matter the Subject of their discourse at the time of their Visits But to be short in this Story the Prince having with a little time abated his choller which the memory of his Father and Uncle had raised in him he declared his resolution to visit the Vice-King who perhaps might thereby be inclined to protect and favour his Royal Stock Howsoever the Captains desired and importuned him to be more cautious and kind to himself than to expose his life and safety to