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king_n	write_n	write_v	writing_n	77	3	8.5695	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A20049	The history of trauayle in the VVest and East Indies, and other countreys lying eyther way, towardes the fruitfull and ryche Moluccaes As Moscouia, Persia, Arabia, Syria, Ægypte, Ethiopia, Guinea, China in Cathayo, and Giapan: vvith a discourse of the Northwest passage. Gathered in parte, and done into Englyshe by Richarde Eden. Newly set in order, augmented, and finished by Richarde VVilles.; De orbe novo. Decade 1-3. English	Anghiera, Pietro Martire d', 1457-1526.; Eden, Richard, 1521?-1576.; Willes, Richard, fl. 1558-1573.	1577 (1577)	STC 649; ESTC S122069	800,204	966

the hart A man worthy to serue any prynce and most vilely vsed And of seuenscore men came home to Plymmowth scarsely fourtie and of them many dyed And that no man shoulde suspect these wordes whiche I haue sayd in commendation of Pinteado to be spoken vppon fauour otherwyse then truth I haue thought good to ad hereunto the coppie of the letters which the kyng of Portugale and the infant his brother wrote vnto hym to reconcyle hym at suche tyme as vppon the kyng his maisters displeasure and not for any other cryme or offence as may appeare by the sayde letters he was only for pouertie inforced to come into Englande where he fyrst persuaded our merchauntes to attempt the sayde vyages to Guinea But as the kyng of Portugale to late repented hym that he had so punyshed Pinteado vppon malicious informations of suche as enuied the mans good fortune euen so may it hereby appeare that in some cases euen Lions them selues may either be hyndred by the contempt or ayded by the helpe of the poore myse accordyng vnto the fable of Esope The copie of Antoni Anes Pinteado his letters patentes wherby the king of Portugale made him knyght of his house after al his troubles and imprisonment which by wrong information made to the king he had susteined of long time being at the last deliuered his cause knowen and manifested to the kyng by a grey fryer the kynges confessour I The kyng do geue you to vnderstande lorde Frances Desseosa one of my counsaile and ouerseer of my house that in consideration of the good seruice which Antonie Anes Pinteado the sonne of Iohn Anes dwellyng in the towne called the porte hath done vnto me my wyl and pleasure is to make him knight of mi house alowing to him in pension seuē hundred reis monethly and euery day one alcayre of barly as long as he keepeth a horse and to be payde accordyng to the ordinaunce of my house Prouydyng alwayes that he shal receyue but one mariage gifte And this also in such condition that the tyme which is excepted in our ordinaunce forbiddyng such men to marry for gettyng suche chyldren as myght succeede them in this alowance which is syxe yeeres after the makyng of this patent shal be fyrst expired before he do mary I therfore commaund you to cause this to be entred in the booke called the Matricola of our housholde vnder the title of knyghtes And when it is so entred let the clarke of y e Matricola for the certaintie thereof wryte on the backsyde of this Aluala or patent the number of the leafe wherin this our graunt is entered Which doone let him returne this writing vnto the said Anthonie Anes Pinteado for his warrant I Diego Henriques haue wrytten this in Almarin the twenty and two day of September in the yeere of our Lorde .1551 And this beneuolence the kyng gaue vnto Anthonie Anes Pinteado the twentie and fyue day of Iuly this present yeere Rey. The secretaries declaration written vnder the kynges graunt YOur Maiestie hath vouchsafed in respect consideration of the good seruice of Anthonie Anes Pinteado dwellyng in the port and sonne of Iohn Anes to make hym knyght of your house with ordinarie allowance of seuen hundred Reys pension by the moneth and one Alcayr of Barley by the day as long as he kepeth a Horse and to be payde accordyng to the ordinance of your house with condition that he shall haue but one mariage gyft and that not within the space of .vi. yeeres after the makyng of these letters patentes The secretaries note Entered in the booke of the Matricola Fol. 683. Francisco de Siquera The coppie of the letter of Don Lewes the infant and brother to the kyng of Portugale sent into England to Anthonie Anes Pinteado ANthonie Anes Pinteado I the infant brother to the kyng haue me hartely commended vnto you Peter Gonsalues is gone to seeke you desiring to bryng you home againe into your countrey And for that purpose hath with hym a safe conduct for you graunted by the kyng that thereby you maye freelye and without all feare come home And allthough the weather be foule and stormye yet fayle not to come For in the tyme that his Maiestie hath geuen you you maye do many thynges to your contentation and gratyfiyng the king whereof I woulde be ryght glad and to bryng the same to passe wyll do all that lyeth in me for your profite But forasmuche as Peter Gonsalues wyl make further declaration hereof vnto you I say no more at this present Wrytten in Luxburne the eyght day of December Anno. M.D.LII. The infant Don Lewes AL these forsayde wrytynges I sawe vnder seale in the house of my frende Nicholas Liese with whom Pinteado left them at his vnfortunate departyng to Guinea But notwithstandyng all these freendly letters and fayre promises Pinteado durst not attempt to goe home neyther to keepe company with the Portugales his countrey men without the presence of other forasmuch as he had secrete admonitions that they entended to sley hym yf tyme and place myght haue serued theyr wicked entent The second viage to Guinea AS in the fyrst viage I haue declared rather the order of the historie then the course of the nauigation wherof at that time I could haue no perfect information so in the discription of this seconde viage my cheefe intent hath been to 〈◊〉 the course of the same accordyng to the obseruation and ordinary custome of the maryners and as I receyued it at the handes of an expert Pilot beyng one of the cheefe in this viage who also with his owne handes wrote a briefe declaration of the same as he founde and tryed al thynges not by coniecture but by the art of saylyng and instrumentes parteynyng to the mariners facultie Not therefore assumyng to my selfe the commendations due vnto other neyther so bolde as in any part to change or otherwyse dispose the order of this viage so well obserued by arte and experyence I haue thought good to set foorth the same in suche sort and phrase of speache as is commonly vsed among them and as I receyued it of the sayd pilot as I haue said Take it therefore as foloweth In the yeere of our lorde .1554 the .11 daye of October we departed the ryuer of Temmes with three goodly shyppes the one called the Trinitie a ship of the burden of seuenscore tun the other called y e Barthelmew a shyppe of the burden of lxxxx the thyrd was the Iohn Euangelist a shyp of seuenscore tunne With the sayde shyppes and two pynnesses whereof the one was drowned in the coast of Englande we went forwarde on our vyage and stayed at Douer .xiiii. dayes We stayed also at Rye three or foure dayes Moreouer last of all we touched at Darthmouth The fyrst day of Nouember at .ix of the clocke at nyght departyng from the coaste of Englande we sette of the stert bearyng southwest al that nyght in the

breast These ceremonies are done the seconde watche of the nyght Within fyfteene dayes after the wyfe biddeth to a banquette all her husbandes kynsfolkes and when they come at a daye appoynted they go al to the place where her husbande was burnt and at the same houre of the nyght then commeth foorth the wyfe garnyshed with all her iewells and best apparell vsyng therein the helpe of all her kynsfolkes In the same place is made a pytte no deeper then may serue to receiue the woman This pytte is sette about with reedes and the reedes are couered with a cloth of sylke that the pytte may not be seene In the meane tyme also a fyre is made in the pyt with sundry sorts of sweet woods the wife after that her gestes haue well banqueted eateth very muche of a certayne meate whiche they call Betola whiche troubleth her mynde as though she were halfe madde or drunken In the meane whyle a great company of suche theyr musitions as we haue spoken of before apparelled like deuyls with burnyng stickes in theyr mouthes daunce fyrst about the pytte and then make sacrifice to the great deuyl Deumo The wyfe also in y e meane season runneth vp and downe lyke a madde body with countenaunces of dauncyng and reioycyng Then turnyng her to them that are disguised lyke deuyls she commendeth her selfe to theyr deuoute prayers desiryng them for her to make intercession to the great Deumo that after this transitorie lyfe it may please him to receyue her into the company of his Angelles After the ceremonies are fynished shee taketh her leaue of all her kynsfolkes whiche stande rounde about her and neare vnto the pitte then with sodaine outrage and a loude crye liftyng vp her handes she hurleth her selfe into the burnyng pit which done her kynsfolkes standing neare vnto the fyre couer her with litle fagottes of sweete wood hurlyng also thereon much pitche that the bodie may the sooner be consumed and except the wyfe shoulde doe this after the death of her husbande she should euer after be esteemed an euyll woman be hated of all men and in fine in danger to be slayne both of her owne kynsfolkes and her husbandes and therefore shee goeth to it the more willingly The kyng him selfe is present at these pompes which are not commonly vsed for all men but only for the kynges priestes and noble men Of the iustice which the inhabitantes of Tarnassari obserue Cap. 10. IF any kyll a man he is adiudged to death as in the citie of Calecut Of giuyng and receyuyng iustice is ministred as proofe may be made by writing or witnesse They wryte in parchement lyke vnto ours and not in barkes of trees as doe they of Calecut When they contende for any thyng they resorte to the gouernour of the citie to whom the kyng hath giuen full aucthoritie of iurisdiction and if any merchaunt straunger dye there without children he may make no inheritour but all his goods is due to the kyng when the kyng is dead his chyldren succeede in the kyngdome When the inhabitantes dye theyr goods are equally diuided among theyr children Howe the Mahumetans are buried in the citie of Tarnassari Cap. 11. WHen any of the Mahumetan merchantes dye they are embaulmed with many spices and sweete gummes and theyr bodies put in Coffins of wood with chiefe regarde that theyr heades lye towarde the citie of Mecha which is from thence Northwarde Of the dyuers sortes of theyr shyppes or other vesselles Cap. 12. THey haue Brigantines very shalowe and with flatte bottoms which drawe but small depth of water Some also vse Foistes hauyng two or double forepartes and two Mastes and are open without any couerture There is an other kynde of shyppes of burden Of the which some beare the burden of a thousande tunnes In these they carry Botes and other smaller vesselles to the citie of Melacha when they goe for spices Of Bangella a great and riche citie of India and of the great power of the kyng Cap. 13. IT is now tyme to speake further of our viage and of our proceedyng therein Therefore packyng vp our wares and commityng vs to the sea we came in twelue dayes saylyng to a citie named Bangella distant from Tarnassari seuen hundred myles This citie in fruitfulnesse and plentifulnesse of all thinges may in maner contende with any citie in the worlde The kyngdome and dominion of this citie is exceedyng large The kyng hath an army of two hundred thousande footemen and horsemen Mahumetans and is of so great power that he keepeth sore warres with the kyng of Narsinga The region is so plentifull in all thynges that there lacketh nothyng that may serue to the necessarie vses or pleasures of men for there are in maner all sortes of beastes good and holesome fruites and plentie of corne Spices also of all sortes Lykewyse of bombasine and silke so exceedyng great aboundance that in these thinges I thinke there is none other region comparable with this and therefore here are very many riche merchantes For euery yeere departe from hence fyftie shyppes laden with clothe of bombasine and silke into the cities and countreys of Turchia Syria Arabia Persia Ethiopia and India There are also many merchaunt straungers whiche buye precious stones of the inhabitauntes Of certayne Christian merchauntes which exercise merchandies there Cap. 14. HEre we founde many Christian merchantes which were borne in the citie of Sarnau as they tolde vs. They resorte thyther as to a great marte with cloth of silke and wood of Aloes Laser which yeldeth the sweete gumme named Laserpitium commonly called Belzoi beyng a kynde of myrre They bryng also Castoreum and diuers other sweete sauours The sayde Christians tolde vs also that there be in that kyngdome many Christian Princes subiect to the great Cham of the citie of Cathai The apparell of these Christians was Chamlet loose and very full of pleytes and lyned with bombasine cloth On theyr heads they weare certayne coppen or sharpe poynted cappes of two handfull hygh of scarlet colour They are white men They acknowledge one God in Trinitie are baptised after our maner They beleeue the doctrine of the Apostles and Euangelistes They wryte backewarde after the maner of the Armenians They celebrate the birth and buriall of Christ and obserue fastyng the fourtie dayes of Lent as we doe They celebrate also certayne sainctes dayes They vse no shooes but weare loose hose of silke garnished with dyuers Iewels On theyr fingers they weare Ringes with stones of incomparable splendour At meate they vse no table but eate lying on the grounde and feede of all sortes of fleshe They affyrmed also that there are certayne Christian kynges whiche they call Rumi of great power confinyng or borderyng on the dominions of the great Turke When these Christians had seene the precious merchaundies of my companion and

sooner come thyther by folowyng the course of the Sunne Westward then agaynst the same Of the colour of the Indians ONe of the marueylous thynges y t God vseth in the composition of man is coloure whiche doubtlesse can not be consydered without great admiration in holdyng one to be whyte and an other blacke beyng colours vtterly contrary some lykewyse to be yealowe whiche is betweene blacke and white and other of other colours as it were of diuers liueries And as these colours are to be marueyled at euen so is it to be considered howe they dyffer one from an other as it were by degrees forasmuch as some men are whyte after dyuers sorts of whitnes yelowe after diuers maners of yelowe blacke after dyuers sorts of blackenes how from white they go to yelow by discolouring to browne red and to blacke by ashe colour murry somwhat lighter then blacke tawny like vnto the west Indians which are altogether in general either purple or tawny lyke vnto sodde Quinses or of the colour of Chestnuttes or Olyues which colour is to them naturall and not by theyr goyng naked as many haue thought albeit theyr nakednesse haue somewhat helped therevnto Therefore in lyke maner and with suche diuersitie as men are commonly whyte in Europe and blacke in Affrike euen with lyke varietie are they tawney in these Indies with diuers degrees diuersly inclinyng more or lesse to blacke or whyte No lesse marueyle is it to consider that men are white in Siuile and blacke at the cape of Buena Speranza and of Chestnut colour at the ryuer of Plata being all in equall degrees from the Equinoctiall lyne Lykewyse that the men of Affrike and Asia that lyue vnder the burnt line called Zona Torrida are blacke and not they that lyue beneath or on this syde the same lyne as in Mexico Iucatan Quauhtema Lian Nicaragua Panama Santo Domingo Paria Cape Sainct Augustine Lima Quito and other landes of Peru which touche in the same Equinoctiall For in all the tracte of these coastes certayne blacke men were founde only in Quarequa when Vaschus Nunnez of Balboa discouered the sea of Sur. By reason whereof it may seeme that such varietie of colours proceedeth of man and not of the earth which may wel be although we be al borne of Adam Eue know not the cause why God hath so ordeyned it otherwise then to consider that his diuine maiestie hath done this as infinite other to declare his omnipotencie and wisedome in such diuersities of colours as appeare not only in the nature of man but the like also in beasts byrdes and floures where diuers and contrary colours are seene in one litle feather or the leaues growyng out of one litle stalke An other thing is also greatly to be noted as touching these Indians and this is that their heare is not curld as is the Moores and Ethiopians that inhabite the same clime neyther are they balde excepte very ●ildome and that but litle All whiche thynges may gyue further occasions to Philosophers to searche the secretes of nature and complexions of men with the nouelties of the newe worlde ❧ A most auncient testimonie of the VVest Indies by the writing of the diuine Philosopher Plato PLato in his famous and diuine Dialogue named Timeus where he entreateth of the vniuersall nature and frame of the whole worlde taketh for his principle the moste auncient hystorie of an Ilande in tyme of great antiquitie named Athlantides makyng also mention of the kyng people and inhabitantes of the same and that they kept warre agaynst the Atheniens and were ouercome of them Plato also there inducing the sayde hystorie to be rehearsed by one named Critia who affirmed that he had often hearde it of his Uncle who was in the tyme of Solon one of the seuen sages of the Grekes This Critia declared that when Solon went into Egypt to a certayne citie named S●im situate vpon the riuer of Nilus where the diuision and recurryng of the riuer maketh the Ilande Delta he there spake with certayne learned priestes very skylful in knowledge of antiquities of many worldes past Insomuch that they made mention of manye thinges that were before the flood of Noe or Deucalion and also before the vniuersal conflagration or burning of the worlde in the tyme of Phaeton forasmuche as the warres betweene the people of the sayde Ilande of Athlantides and the Atheniens was long before the general flood and the conflagration aforesayde Plato induceth the priest speaking to Solon in maner as foloweth Thinges most marueylous and true O Solon remayne in auncient writynges and memorie of our predecessours and olde ages long before our tymes But aboue all thynges one exceedeth al admiration for the greatnesse and singularitie thereof whiche is this It is in our recordes of moste antiquities that in times past your citie of Athens hath oftentymes kepte warres agaynst an innumerable multitude of nations whiche came from the sea Athlantike in maner into al Europe and Asia whereas nowe appeareth no suche nation forasmuche as the sayde sea is nowe al ouer nauigable And yet at that tyme had in the mouth and as it were in the entrie where you place the Columnes of Hercules an Ilande whiche was sayd to be much greater then al Africa and Asia and that from thence was passage to many other Ilandes neare thereabout and from the sayde Ilandes to the continent or fyrme lande whiche was right ouer agaynst it neare vnto the sea Yet that within the mouth there was a litle gulfe with a porte the deepe sea without was the true sea and the lande without was the true continent This Ilande was named Athlantides and in it was a kyng of marueylous great power and myght who had the dominion of the sayde Ilande and many other and also a great part of the continent lande whereof we haue spoken and muche more towarde our partes also forasmuche as they were dominatours of the thyrde part of the worlde conteynyng Africa Egypt and Europe euen vnto the sea Tirrhenum The power therefore of them beyng then so great they came to inuade both your countrey and ours and all other that are within the Columnes of Hercules Then O Solon the vertue of your citie shewed it selfe famous in magnanimitie and feates of armes with the assemblance of the other Grecians in resystyng theyr great power vntyl you had driuen them out of our lands and restored vs to our libertie But shortly after that this enterprise was atchiued befel a marueylous great earthquake and exundation or ouerflowing of the sea which continued for the space of one day and nyght In the whiche the earth opened it selfe and inglutted all those valiant and warlike men and the sayde Ilande Athlantides sunke into the bottome of the sea whiche was the occasion that neuer from that tyme forwarde any shyp coulde sayle that way by reason of the great mudde and slyme whiche remayned of the drowned