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A55353 A modern view of such parts of Europe that hath lately been and still are the places of great transactions, viz. Italy with all its principalities. France with all its provinces and bishopricks. Germany with the Dukedome of Lorrain, and all the electorates, and lordshops of the empire. Spain, with all its dominions, &c. Wherein is shewed the present state of all those countries, with curious remarks of antiquity interwoven. Pontier, Gédéon, d. 1709. 1689 (1689) Wing P2805; ESTC R217679 132,112 321

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King of France who had a Jesuit for his Confessor the other Kings Successors of this Prince make use of them since and the greatest part of other Monarchs and Potentates The 28th of April 1675. the Senators and Sheriffs of the famous Town of Messina specially impower'd in the name of all the Inhabitants took on their knees the Oath of Fidelity to the Invincible Loüis the Fourteenth King of France and of Navarre from the hands of Loüis Victor de Roche-Choüard Prince of Tonnai-Charente Duke of Vivone and Lieutenant-General for his Majesty in the Town here mentioned and in the other places of the Isle of Sicily since Mareschal of France At this Ceremony and other important actions assisted Francois-Auguste de Valavoir Marquess of Vaux Melchior de Thomai Lord of Chateauneuf and others The French soon got possession of lands by the taking of Scaleta Augusta Taormina Merilli and other places In the same year 1675. the 19th day of the month of July the Shrine of Saint Genevieve was carried processionally about the Town of Paris for fair weather which was obtain'd as soon as recourse was made to her Prayers before the obstinate Rains laid waste the Country and the Corn for above two months the hopes of the Labourer and Vineyard-keeper were fallen It was twenty three years that the Relicks of this Saint had not been carried An. 1676. the 22th of April happen'd the great Naval-fight in Sicily as far as Augusta and Messina betwixt the French Fleet and those of Holland and Spain The French gain'd a great Victory Michel-Adrien Ruiter was so dangerously wounded that he died some days after The Sieur du Quesne signaliz'd himself there and shew'd the braveness of the French who since some years are become firm Sea-men The King of France declar'd War against the King of Denmark the 28th of August of the same year because contrary to the Treaty of Peace at Copenhagen An. 1660. betwixt Sweden and Denmark for the performance of which his most Christian Majesty gave his Guarentie his Danish Majesty did not cease from making War on the King of Sweden who had not contraven'd to this Treaty of Peace An. 1677. on Ash-wednesday there was a defeat of a Squadron of fourteen Dutch Vessels in the Port of Tobago by the Comte d'Estrées Vice. Admiral of France This Island Tobago which is one of the Isles Antilles in America gave the name to Tobacco or has taken that This simple was formerly call'd the Herb Nicotian because the Physician Nicot brought it into Europe Some call it the Herb of the Queen for having been first presented to the Queen of Spain It is extreamly in use in moist Countries because it dries and sometimes too much After Meals Pipes and Tobacco are set upon the Table the men and women think they are not able to live without it because the Tobacco evacuates as they say the evil humours of the brain Joüin de Rochefort relates that in the Town of Worcester he was askt whether in France the Scholars when they go to School carry Tobacco as those of England He tell us that when the Children go to School they carry in their little Bag with their Food a Pipe fill'd with Tobacco and that at the hour of taking it every one lays down his Book to kindle his Pipe and that the Master takes with them and teaches them to hold their Pipe and to smoak All sorts of persons are seen to smoak in Flanders even to the religious men and women The Bull of Jubilé of the holy year which is celebrated from twenty five to twenty five years was publisht at Paris at the beginning of the month of March in the year 1677. At the same time also w●s publisht the Jubilé of the Exaltation of cu● holy Father Innocent the Eleventh The first Jubilé lasted two months the other a fortnight whereof we have spoken in the Tract of Italy At the beginning of April Cambray and St. Omer were reduc'd to the Obedience of his most Christian Majesty St. Omer the second Town of the County of Artois is seated on the River Aa The 11th of April Philip of France got the Battel of Cassel The 14th of July the King receiv'd a Courier from the Marshal de Navaille who commanded the Army in Catalonia bringing news of a great advantage gain'd by the Kings Army over the Spanish Troops commanded by Comte de Monteri Vice-Roy in Catalonia In the same year the Town of Arles which was once the Capital of the Kingdom of Arles and of Burgundy rais'd for the glory of the King in the middle of the Place a stately Obelisque which was found buried in the Gardens of Madam de l'Hote scituate in the Trenches of the Town The Sieur Roubin Member of the French Academy of this Town presented the Draught to his Majesty The Obelisque is fifty two foot high without comprizing the Pedestal which is seven foot diameter all of a piece The 25th of October of the same year 1677. Messire Etienne Daligre Chancellor and Keeper of the Seals of France died at Versailles in the house of Chancery aged eighty five years and a half The 27th the King created Chancellor and Keeper of the Seals of France Messire Michel le Tellier who took the Oath presented him by his Majesty the 29th following The indefatigable Marshal de Crequi who has gloried in exposing himself for a long time in the dangers of War whereof he carries many honourable marks on his body for the service of our Monarch has perform'd according to his wont Military actions worthy of his Courage and Valour and particularly in the Campagne of 1677. against the Imperialists The taking of the Town and Citadel of Fribourg in Brisgaw by this Marshal deserves to be particulariz'd This important place opens the Hereditary Countries takes from the Emperour a part of his Dominion Fribourg has belong'd to the Dukes of Zeüringuen and afterward to Comte Egon of Fustemberg for having married Agnes their Heiress his Descendants were Masters of it to the year 1386. The Inhabitants of the Town gave up themselves to the Duke of Austria Marshal Horn and the Duke of Weimar besieg'd and took this place three times for the Swedes An. 1632 1634 1638. Marshal d'Humieres reduc'd to the Kings Obedience the Town of Saint Guillain by his Valour and Forecast the tenth of December of the same year 1677. This place is about two leagues from Mons its Abbot is Lord Spiritual and Temporal and the Abbey is the chief of Hainalt The 12th the Count d'Estrées having taken the Forts which the Hollanders held in the Isle of Gorea at Cape-Vert made himself Master after a long Navigation of the Isle of Tobago and of many Duch Men of War. An. 1678. the first day of March the Town of Gand Capital of the Country of Flanders was invested by the Marshal d'Humieres and taken by his most Christian Majesty on composition the ninth of the same month and
is bone which gave it to Maximilian Duke of Bavaria The Elector Palatine of the Rhine was restor'd to the possession of the lower Palatinate and invested with an eighth Electorate which was erected at the Treaty of Peace of Westphalia at the instance of the most Christian King. When the Emperour is not in Germany or that the Empire is vacant the Electors Palatines and of Saxony are Vicegerents or Regents Bavaria contests it at present with one of them The King of the Romans is perpetual Vicegerent of the Emperour The House Palatine has given Emperours to Germany one King to Denmark and two or three to Sweden and of late years a very worthy Spouse the Princess Elizabeth Charlotte to Philip of France Duke of Orleans onely Brother of the King of France and Navarre This Marriage was concluded and the Articles sign'd the sixth of November 1671. The Marriage was made at Metz the 26th of the same month and of the same year Philip Count Palatine of the Rhine and his Brother Frederick the Second signaliz'd themselves at the Siege of Vienna against Solyman they commanded in the Town and so vigorously repell'd the Turks in their Assaults that they kill'd 40000. These two Princes besides the danger of their Life engag'd all their Estates for the support of this War. The Emperour Charles the Fifth was about Vienna keeping the Field The Palatinate of the Rhine furnishes all things necessary for humane life a great deal of Corn and good Wines In the great Tower of Heidelberg is seen a remarkable Vessel which contains forty Pipes of Wine it deserves Iron Hoops There was seen at Heidelberg before the year 1623. the curious Palatine Library which was transported to the Vatican at Rome The River Necar is very full of Fish and serves as well for bringing Wood from the Otthonick Forest as for the transportation of Merchandize Near this Forest appear'd An. 1476. a Shepherd called Nicolas Hausen who quitting the charge of his Flock forg'd a Religion and turn'd Preacher He preach'd first against the life of Church-men and said that they ought not to have Titles given them He attacht also the Secular powers maintaining that there must be no paying of Tolls nor Tributes nor any Imposition or Subsidy that all was common and said in his Sermons that he had a Revelation from the holy Virgin. The People who are lovers of Novelties flockt to he●r him from all parts He had as great a concourse of People as the Mason that preacht at Paris in the Fauxbourg S. Germain An. 1672 or 1673. At length Nicolas Hausen was indicted and condemn'd to be burnt as an Heretick The Mason who preacht but moral things was interdicted preaching having neither Order nor Mission A Relation tells us that his Electoral Highness Charles Loüis made an end of building An. 1680. at Frederickbourg near Manshein one of the fairest Churches of Germany and that he dedicated it to holy Concord or Vnion which now he makes it bear and caus'd it to be mention'd in a Sermon preacht there the first day for its dedication The Ceremony began with a fine Concert of Musick which was followed with an inaugural Oration very learned and a learned Sermon of Doctor Fabritius his first Minister in the afternoon he caus'd to preach there a Lutheran Doctor and in the evening a Catholick Priest of the Church of Mayence and all three freely heard each other on the laudable designe of his Electoral Highness You must not admire at this diversity of Preachers because in some places of Germany the same Church is common to Catholicks and Lutherans Of the number of the Electors and other Circumstances THe Electors were formerly seven in number three belonging to the Church and four Lay-men They are at present eight since the Peace of Germany concluded at Munster An. 1648. The Lay-Electors who are Minors in the Election of an Emperour may be present there accompanied with their Guardians who are their nearest Relations They have no need of them if they have attain'd the age of eighteen years compleat because then they come out of Guardianship The Princes Electors have the power of chusing the Emperour to the end that none attributes to himself the Imperial Dignity as hereditary Though the Electors pretend to be equal with Kings their Embassadours have not their Seats but after those of Crown'd heads The youngest Sons of the Electoral Houses take place in Germany of other Princes The Confusion which arose formerly from the great number of Electors was the reason that they were reduc'd to so few The Emperour Charles the Fourth confirm'd them in the possession of this Right mention'd in the Golden Bull. The Great Turk calls them the Kings of Germany Before we leave Germany we will observe that Powder and Cannon were there invented The Invention of Powder and Cannon POwder was invented by chance An. 1354. by Berthold Schuartz a German Cordelier This great Naturalist making an Experiment of Rarefaction shewing that there was no Vacuum in Nature made use of a Pot well cover'd wherein he had put Sulphur and the powder of Saltpeter and laid fire to it whereof he saw the effect Some hold him to be the Inventer both of Powder and Cannon Others say that it was Bartholomew le Noir a Monk of Cologne a great Alchymist who found out the Secret of making Cannon according to Nauclerus in the same year 1354. and according to Baronius An. 1360. Bartholomew le Noir was at Venice to cast Cannon to the end that the Venetians should make use of them to recover from the Genoeses Fossa Claudia about the year 1378. according to Sabellicus Blondus and others The use was receiv'd in France Anno 1425. at the time that an English Earl call'd Thomas of Montigni besieg'd the Town of Mans. Petrarch falsely believ'd that the famous Archimedes of the Town of Syracuse was the Inventer of Cannon because he conveyed great Rocks by Mathematical Springs into the near Vessels of the Enemies and burnt them with Burning-glasses The Chineses boast that a Demon shew'd the Invention to their first King above a thousand years before the Nativity of the Son of God. SPAIN CHarles the Second of the House of Austria King of Spain was born the sixth of November An. 1661. He is Catholick and even so call'd It 's a Title given by Pope Alexander the Sixth to Ferdinand the Fifth and in his person to his Successors for having destroy'd in Spain the Moors and Sarasins He bears quarterly the Arms of Castille which are Gules a Castle triple tower'd Or and those of Leon which are Argent a Lion Gules and within an Escotcheon the Arms of his principal Realms which we should call in France Provinces The Kings Livery is of a yellow colour The ordinary Devise of some Kings of Spain is this Omnes contra me ego contra omnes Since Philip the Second the Town of Madrid scituated in new Castille is the ordinary