Selected quad for the lemma: king_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
king_n	wound_n	year_n	young_a	53	3	5.9539	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A70735	Africa being an accurate description of the regions of Ægypt, Barbary, Lybia, and Billedulgerid, the land of Negroes, Guinee, Æthiopia and the Abyssines : with all the adjacent islands, either in the Mediterranean, Atlantick, Southern or Oriental Sea, belonging thereunto : with the several denominations fo their coasts, harbors, creeks, rivers, lakes, cities, towns, castles, and villages, their customs, modes and manners, languages, religions and inexhaustible treasure : with their governments and policy, variety of trade and barter : and also of their wonderful plants, beasts, birds and serpents : collected and translated from most authentick authors and augmented with later observations : illustrated with notes and adorn'd with peculiar maps and proper sculptures / by John Ogilby, Esq. ...	Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.	1670 (1670)	Wing O163; Wing D241; ESTC R22824	857,918	802

bring their Slaves to the Portuguese Colonies for exchange The Commodities which the Portuguese and other Whites carry thither are amongst others of all sorts Cloth with red Lists Great Ticking with long Stripes and fine wrought Red Kersie Sleasie and other fine Linnen Fine Velvet Small great Gold Silver Laces Broad black Bayze Turkish Tapestry or Carpets White and all sorts of colour'd Yarn Blue and black Beads Stiching and Sowing Silk Canary Wines Brandy Linseed-Oyl Seamens Knives All sorts of Spices White Sugar and many other Commodities and Trifles As great Fish-Hooks Pins of a finger long Ordinary Pins Needles and great and small Hawks-Bells The Inhabitants in general gather no great Riches being content with a little Mille and a few Cattel together with Palm-Wine and Oyl Their Arms consist in Bowes and Arrows but the chiefest have Lances Axes and Chopping-Knives which last they wear in their Girdles on their left sides in short they use almost the same Arms as those of Congo and observe the same order in Fighting This Countrey is so populous that the King can in a very short time bring a hundred thousand men all Volunteers into the Field and if occasion requires ten hundred thousand press'd Souldiers so that if they were as valiant as numerous they might well be dreaded but their little courage and less conduct hath appear'd in several Encounters with the Portuguese particularly in the year Fifteen hundred eighty four twelve hundred thousand Angolians were put to flight by five hundred Portuguese and some few Congians And the following year Six hundred thousand Angolians by two hundred Portuguese and ten thousand Blacks The Territory of Ilamba can raise twelve thousand men Arm'd with Bowes and Arrows who Fight very circumspectly and Shoot lying or creeping on the ground The Kingdom of Angola or rather Dongo hath at present a particular Governor or Prince who acknowledges no kind of subjection to the King of Congo although formerly when divided into divers Lordships the several Sovasen shew'd all due obedience to that King But a hundred and fifty years since one of these Sovasen call'd Angola with assistance of the Portuguese Trading with him made Wars with the other and overcame them one after another till he made them all Tributaries yet he let them still remain in possession each of his own Dominion This was he that afterwards came to the Crown and nam'd himself Incue from the great multitude of people under his subjection and was not inferior in Power saith Pigafet to the King of Congo to whom as Linschot writes he sends Presents though he be not his Vassal After this Angola Incue in the year Fifteen hundred and sixty his Son Dambi Angola a great enemy of the Portuguese was chosen King who Deceas'd in the year Fifteen hundred seventy eight and his youngest Son Quilonge Angola or Angolaire that is Great Lord was left his Heir and Successor to the Crown He renew'd the old League made by his Predecessors with the Portuguese and Paulus Dias de Nevais their Governor but afterwards without cause cut off thirty or forty of them on the way going with several Merchandizes to the Royal City whereupon Dias made War upon him and took many places subjecting them to the Crown of Portugal which ever since together with many other from time to time subdu'd have remain'd under them The King deceasing in the year Sixteen hundred and forty Anna Xinga cannot come to the Crown without Male-issue left three Daughters and a Nephew the eldest of these call'd Anna Xinga notwithstanding she was Baptiz'd a Christian would assume the Crown after the Heathenish manner But the Portuguese favour'd the Nephew and so helped him with assistance of Arms that by force he gat the Throne whereupon Anna Xinga with many Grandees fled but hath never ceas'd to claim the Kingdom as her Inheritance alledging her Nephew but an Usurper In this Quarrel she fought three several Battels She is several times over●●●●● and was as often routed and vanquish'd and hath since kept her self an hundred and fifty miles up into the Countrey beyond Embatta where notwithstanding her former ill successes making new Wars towards the Wilderness Jages she has gotten many Cities Villages and Countreys whereby gathering fresh Vigor she came again upon the Portuguese by whom under the Command and Conduct of Major Pavo Darouva Conquer'd and two of her Sisters taken Prisoners one of which Baptiz'd Dama Maja of her own free will continu'd among the Portuguese and kept her self stately according to her manner oftentimes receiving many Slaves for her maintainance According to the last accompts this Xinga can be little less than sixty years of age and oftentimes for some past years hath been reported dead yet the Subjects conceal'd She keeps her self secret and kept it so secret that notwithstanding the Portuguese consign Commodities thither for Trade by several persons they cannot by ours or others attain the certainty thereof For all Decrees Orders and Transactions relating to Government are still Proclaim'd in her Name She is a cunning and prudent Virago She is warlike so much addicted to Arms that she hardly uses other exercise and withal so generously valiant that she never hurt a Portuguese after Quarter given and Commanded all her Slaves and Souldiers the like She and her People for the most part lead an unsetled life Her Idolatry roving up and down from place to place like the Jages Before any enterprize undertaken though of meanest concern they ask councel of the Devil to which end they have an Idol to whom they sacrifice a living Person of the wisest and comliest they can pick out The Queen against the time of this Sacrifice Clothes her self in mans apparel nor indeed does she at any time go otherwise habited hanging about her the Skins of Beasts before and behind with a Sword about her Neck an Ax at her Girld and a Bowe and Arrows in her Hand leaping according to their Custom now here then there as nimbly as the most active among her Attendants all the while striking her Engema that is two Iron Bells which serve her in stead of Drums When she thinks she has made a show long enough She sacrificeth men in a Masculine manner and thereby hath weary'd her self then she takes a broad Feather and sticks it through the holes of her boar'd Nose for a sign of War She her self in this rage begins with the first of those appointed to be sacrific'd and cutting off his head drinks a great draught of his blood Then follow the Stoutest Commanders and do as she hath done and this with a great hurly-burly tumult and playing upon Instruments about their Idol Among all her most pretious things she bestows no such care on any as the Bones of one of her Brothers who Raign'd before her which lie together in a costly Silver Chest long before gotten of the Portuguese The Queen keeps fifty or

not eight-pointed as upon the Mantle But such as have resided ten years in Malta and made four Expeditions in Person in the Galleys may wear the great Cross upon the Breast yet they must afterwards present their Request in full Council The Grand Master the Bishop of Malta the Prior of the Church of St. John the Conventual and Capital Bailiffs wear the great Cross upon their Breasts but all the other the little One. Every Brother by obligation must every day repeat an hundred and fifty Pater Nosters for such as have been slain in their Wars But the Priests Deacons Sub-Deacons and Clerks perform other Offices All except the Sons of great Lords generated by a Father Grandfather and great Grandfather of Temporal Nobility Sons of covetous Persons or that are sprung from Saracens or Mahumetans though deriving from the greatest Princes such as do Homage to any other Order though by the appointment of the Chapter greatly Deformed Murtherers or vitious People nor any under eight and twenty years of age may be receiv'd into this Order yet the Grand Master may admit Boys of twelve years old of what Nation soever they be into Salary Those also design'd to be taken into this Order must be of comely Personage strong Limbs sound in Body and Mind and of good Behavior and every one must show that he belongs to the Priory he says he is of They must as Probationers before they receive the Garment stay a Year and a Day in the Cloister The Servants Brothers and Chaplains must not be of Vulgar Extract but must manifest that they are descended from Worthy Parents which have never wrought in any Handicraft and have always liv'd honourably and vertuously The Pensioners or Half-Cross-men are to be receiv'd by Bailiffs Priors and others with permission of the great Lord and may wear but three Branches of the Cross of Malta on the left side of their Coat and may not set the upper Branch These may not be receiv'd if they be descended from Jews Saracens or Mahumetans or if they have not liv'd well or have exercis'd any Mechannick Art and have not given some part of their Goods or Estate to the Order but they may be Marry'd No Knight of what Dignity soever may bestow his Goods farther than his Salary For petty Crimes they allow a Sanctuary but Robbers or Pyrates burners of Houses betrayers of their Countrey Thieves false Witnesses sacrilegious Persons and such like are utterly excluded from all Mercy The chief Head of this Order calls himself Lowly The Title of the Grand Master or Humble Servant of the holy House or Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem and of the Order of Soldiers of the holy Sepulchre of our Lord Defender of Christian Arms. But the receiv'd Title is The Illustrious and most Reverend Prince Lord Prior A. of V. Great Master of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem Prince of Malta and Gaza The Habit of the Grand Master is a long Coat Garments hanging down to the Ground with wide Sleeves and a round Bonnet upon his Head For the upholding of his State and Grandeur he hath several Commanderies lying in every Priory and united to the Grand Mastership After the death of one Grand Master the Knights chuse another who is afterwards Inaugurated with great State and Solemnity In brief we will give you a Catalogue of all the Grand Masters since Gerard the first Instituter of this Order to the present Cottoner by way of Chronology The first Grand Master or rather Founder of this Order was The first Grand Master as before related one Gerard though Menenius sets down one Raymond du Puy for the first affirming that Gerard gave onely the first Fundamental Rules but Raymond du Puy was the first Grand Master however we will begin with Gerard who died in the Year 1118. Raymond du Puy a Dauphiner or Florentine as Massiger will have it by the Latines of his time call'd De Podio the first Grand Master of the Hospital of St. John according to the Tradition of the Knights although some set before him one Roger who in the Year 1130. as they say had the Government This Raymond seeing the Society increase in number grow rich in Means and that they were most of them nobly descended perswaded them by his example to take up Arms for the defence of the Faith as a Matter suitable to their Devotion and Nobility According to the relation of the Knights themselves this Raymond and not Gerard Instituted the wearing of a black Coat with an eight-pointed white Cross He also setled a general Assembly wherein for the future Vacancies were to be suppli'd by the approbation of the Knights which Rule Pope Calixtus the second allow'd and confirm'd in the Year 1120. and afterwards his Successors Decreed That the Knights should live according to the Order of St. Augustine This Raymond first bore in his Standards or Banners a Silver Cross in a yellow Field by order of Pope Innocent in the Year 1130. and since that time the Spirituality distinguish'd into Knights Chaplains and Servants of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem He died in the Year 1160. Augea de Balben a Dauphiner died after three years Reign in the Year 1167. Arnold de Comps deceased in the Year 1167. Gilbert de Assaley an English-man unhappily brought the Order into a Debt of an hundred thousand Crowns and therefore was dismissed in the Year 1169. but coming home to his Countrey by Sea was cast away with all his People in the same Year Gaste or Caste succeeded and died within the said Year 1169. Joubert came next and died in the Year 1179. Moger or Roger de Moulins was kill'd in a Battel against Saladin in the Year 1187. Garnier of Naples in Syria died of a mortal Wound receiv'd in Battel having Reign'd scarce six Moneths and ten Days in the Year 1187. Ermengar or Emengar extracted out of the House of Aps in Vivarez died in the Year 1192. Godfrey of Duisson died in the Year 1194. Alfonsus a Portuguese was descended from the Kings of Portugal but seeing himself envy'd by the Knights because of his morosity laid down his Office and went the same Year to Portugal where he was poyson'd by his Brother in the Year 1026. Godfrey or Geofrey le Rat Grand Prior of France died in the Year 1027. Guerin de Montaigu of Avergne in the Year 1230. Bertrand de Texi deceased in Akra in the Year 1240. Guerin or Gerin was taken Prisoner in a Battel against the Infidels Corasminers and sent to the Sultan of Egypt where he died in the Year 1245. Bertrand de Comps a Dauphiner died of his Wounds receiv'd against the Turks in the Year 1248. Peter de Vellebride taken with Lewis King of France in a Field-Battel by the Sultan of Egypt Melechsala and released by the Hospitallers in the Year 1251. and died at Akra in the same Year William de Castelnau or of New

ground which when the Elephant is in they sculking in a Tree draw up and shut with Ropes when they have him sure in the Trap they descend and shoot him to Death with Arrows but if he chance to escape rending their Gins he spares none killing all he meets Others Saw a great Tree half in sunder making a pit on the side then covering it which the Elephant suspecting nothing being weary retires to his old resting place to which he leaning his weight oversets the half-cut Trunk which failing he falls into the covered Hole and finds himself their Prisoner In Zenega near Cape de Verd the Inhabitants sixty in a Company draw forth each Arm'd with six small and one great Arrow so finding his haunt they stay till he resorts thither which by the loud rusling noise he makes bursting through opposing Branches and overthrowing whole Trees keeping his march they know then they follow him shooting continually till their so many infixed Shafts may bring him to his end which the Blacks observe by the loss of Blood and the stronger resistance of his confining Palisado against his feebler charge The African Lyon called by the Arabians Aced Lyon is the most couragious and cruel of all other devouring not only Beasts but Men yea a Mauritanian Lyon sometimes dares attaque a * The Empire of these Desarts I obtain'd And under me Kings Petty Lyons reign'd On Expeditions Armies I could raise Nor plotted we for spoil clandestine ways Lying whole Nights in silent Ambuscades But took the Field by day in bold Brigades And like a falling Deluge swept up all Emptying at once both Pasture Coat and Stall Nay more on Skirts of Cities we durst prey Ships Boarding at Low water in the Bay Aesopic Audroclem Sect. 11. Gesner Paraph. Troop of 200. Horsemen and though mortally wounded will fight it out to the last gasp defending his young ones Those which are bred upon cold Mountains are less stout and dangerous for the hotter their habitation the more fierce and cruel they are such are those to be seen between Tremesen and the Kingdom of Fez or in the Wilderness of Anguep or Angad and about Tremesen Also between Bone and Tunis are found the cruellest and strongest Lyons of all Africk The Lyons forehead according to Aristotle is of a middle size and four-square his Eyes not strutting out nor yet hollow his Nose rather thick than thin his upper and under Jaws meet yet open very wide when gaping his Lips or closing of his Mouth thin his Neck great and rough moderately thick his Breast strenuous Belly slender Legs strong and sinewy Hair of a dark yellow not falling in hard but looser curles his Feet before have five claws his hinder but four the Majesty and Grandeur of his shaggy Mayn differences him very much from the Lionnesse who more signally may be known by the exuberances of her two Teats according to the number of her young ones Galen says that the Lyons temples are very strong that he may bite the harder his Tongue rough strangely red as if fire and speckled having but one bone in his Neck as Aristotle holds but Scaliger maintains that it consists of many Joynts his Complexion extremely hot and dry caused by the sharp boyling of his heart Gesner writes that his foreparts are hot but his hinder cold and defective he feeds sometimes on * As Mountain Lyons whom their Mother bred In shady Coverts by their fury led Kill folded Sheep and Cattel in the Stall Till by revengeful Shepherds Steel they fall c. Hom. Iliad 5. Cattel especially on Camels and where straitned for Victuals foraging he adventures to fall upon men Polybius saith he saw many of them standing there that had suffered Crucifixion to terrifie others from the like cruelty and humane slaughter Writers differ concerning their preying on the dead Vide Gesner which Elian affirms saying that they feed on them and bury the overplus lest other Beasts should prey after them They drink little if Aristotle and Elian say true enduring thirst three days especially in Summer but in Winter they drink often The Lyon loves the Dolphin but is an enemy to Swine Wolves Wild Asses and Bulls Eccles 13. from a Woman that dares shew her Nakedness and boldly discover her intimacies strangely abashed at her immodesty and quite out of countenance he flyes sayes Leo Africanus The Greeks of old make him afraid at the Crowing of a Cock but Camerarius affirms that a Lyon in the Duke of Bavaria's Court leap'd up to the adjoyning houses a wonderful height seizing the Pullen roosted in the roofs Some Writers say the Lyon Lowes like an Oxe which perhaps the Whelps may when they get a prey a few imagine that they grunt and whine like a Boar others and they the most that they roar which is most likely if we will take fancy for truth Hear the Lyon himself Describing his own Language Thus formidable grown being wondrous strong I roar'd Leontick lost th' Egyptian Tongue Though Beasts and Birds use several Dialects Apollonius they report to have understood the Languages of Beasts and Birds That less than humane voyces have defects Uttering soul-dictates both more clear and brief Hatred and Love Fear Hope their Joy and Grief Yet Leo Lingua who not understands Words Edicts are each Syllable commands The Lyons Fiat 's quicker than his nods Like Angels Tongues or Language of the Gods Aesopic Androcleus Sect. 11. His true valor appears when in most danger for then though he neither fears Weapons nor Enemies contending long in his own defence yet finding himself overpowred he makes an honourable retreat loosing his posts with like courage they were maintained oft boldly charging on the least seeming advantage so recovering the Champaigne observ'd well by Virgil in the Ninth Book of his Aeneis on his retreat of Turnus ceu saevum turba Leonem Cum telis premit infensis ac territus ille Asper acerba tuens retro dedit neque terga Ira dare aut virtus patitur nec tendere contra Ille quidem hoc cupiens potis est per tela virosque Haud aliter retro dubius vestigia Turnus Improperata refert mens exaestuat ira As when a Troop a Lyon hath beset With cruel Spears he makes a brave retreat Although forbid by Valour and by Rage Nor can though willing ' gainst such Power engage So unresolv'd bold Turnus did retire Step after step his Bosom swoln with ire When he pursues his prey he leaps but in retiring he walks only he knows whom he receives a wound from and will single him out from all his Enemies that spent their shafts in vain and take his life only in satisfaction if possible That these fierce Beasts may be tame appears by Onomarchus King of Castane who entertained and treated them as his Guests In the Temple of Adonis in Elemea they drest and comb'd such as tamely resorted thither in civil manner

many other Vice-Roys under him as of Bursalo Jaloffo and Bersetti who commanded the Kingdoms of Boloquo Bintao and Hondigu but now these have taken the Title of Kings and regard this Mandimansa little or nothing every one governing his Countrey with full Power without acknowledging him or any other for their Superior The Mandingians were antiently altogether given up to the Delusions of the Devil worshipping Stocks and Stones and keeping among them many Sorcerers South-sayers and Witches nor have they yet detested those old and wicked Customs but of late years Mahumetanism hath much prevail'd among them brought first thither by the trading Moors and Turks and since increased by the Natives who went to serve in Forreign Wars The chief Bexerin or High-Priest hath his Residence in the chief City of the Kingdom and deeply skill'd in Necromantick Arts wherein he hath instructed the King of Bena who makes great advantage thereof in revenging himself of his Enemies whom he variously torments as his malice or necessity incites him BENA and SOUSOS THe Kingdom of Bena and Sousos The Kingdom of Bena and Sousos deriving its Name from the Inhabitants of its principal Town which is named Sousos stands scituate about nine days Journey from the Way that leads to the Kingom of Torra and Serre-Lions but more Northerly of those and Southerly from Mandinga ¶ THis Countrey is very Hilly and Mountainous The Nature of the Countrey all whose sides are plentifully furnish'd with shady Groves of green-leaved Trees and here and there scattered some Valleys veined with cleer and purling Brooks From the colour of the Earth in the Mountain they conjecture that the Iron Mines inclosed within their bowels are of finer Ore than most in Europe Within the covert of the Woods lurk many Serpents curiously spotted with so many lively colours as are scarce to be found in any other Creatures The King whom the Inhabitants stile King of Serpents keeps commonly one of them in his Arms which he stroaks and fosters as it were a young Child and so highly esteemed that none dare hurt or kill it ¶ WHen any one dies The manner of their Funerals the nearest Relations of the Deceased and next Neighbors have notice of it whereupon they immediately begin to make a howling noise so hideous as to Strangers is terrible afterwards the Friends and Kindred go to accompany the Funeral howling and crying as they pass on which is redoubled by the frightful shreeks of such as go forth to meet and receive them They bring with them Cloth Gold and other things for a Present to the Grave which they divide into three equal parts one for the King the other for the nearest Relations to whose care the Funeral is left but the third part is buried with the Corps for they believe as we said before that the Dead shall find in the other World whatsoever is so laid up at their Interrment ¶ THe Kings and other great Lords are buried in the night very privately and in unknown places The Funerals of the King and other Grandees Jarrik lib. 5. c. 48. in the presence onely of their nearest Kindred Which privacy they use in all probability to prevent the stealing away the Goods and other Wealth which in great quantities they put into the Grave with them especially what ever Gold in their lives they had hoarded And for the more certain concealment they stop the Rivers and guard all ways round about until they have so levell'd the place that not the least mark appears discoverable This is used towards the greatest and most honourable but frequently over the Graves of persons of meaner repute some small Huts are erected sometimes made of Cloth other while of Boughs whither their surviving Friends and Acquaintance at set-times repair to ask pardon for any offences or injuries done them while alive and so continue as long as the Weather permits it to stand ¶ THe Jurisdiction of this King reaches over seven Kingdoms The Kings Authority and yet he is under Konche the Emperor of all the Sousos ¶ THe Inhabitants as all the rest are Idolaters Their Religion and use certain Letters or Characters written by the Brexerins to preserve them from Diseases THE KINGDOM OF SERRE-LIONS OR BOLMBERRE THe Mountain looking into the Sea and known to the English French The Mountain and Kingdom of Serre-Lions and Dutch by the Name of Serre-Lions as also the whole Kingdom first obtained this Title from the Portugals and Spaniards who call'd it Serra Lioa and at last Siera Liona that is The Mountain of the Lioness The cause of which Name is conjectur'd to be drawn from hence Why it is so call'd for that from the hollow of its Concave Rocks whereon the Sea beats when the Winds bluster and the stormy Billows rage proceeds a terrible noise like the furious roarings of a robbed Lioness adding moreover that from the top of this Hill which lieth continually cover'd with Clouds which the violent heat of the Sun-Beams darting perpendicularly upon it twice in the year cannot disperse there is continually heard a rattling of Thunder with frequent flashes of Lightning whose resounding Ecchoes may be distinctly observ'd twenty five miles off at Sea ¶ THe Inhabitants name this Countrey in their own Language Bolmberre The Bigness which signifies Low and good Land and especially hath respect to the low and fruitful Tract of Serre-Lions which taketh beginning at Cape de Virgen and endeth at Cape de Tagrin or Ledo lying in eight Degrees and thirty Minutes North Latitude and is easie to be known at Sea because it is exceedingly higher than the Countrey Northward and runs far into the Sea The Mountain about the Point is high and doubled spreading along the Sea South-East and South and by East but the Countrey Northerly of the Point is low and flat ¶ THis Kingdom containeth above thirty Rivers which all empty themselves into the Great Ocean and most of them having broad streams neighbored with pleasant Valleys and flowing between Groves of Orange-Trees and their Banks on both sides edg'd with fair Towns and Villages to the great delight of Passengers The first River by Cape de Virgen is by the Portuguese call'd Rio das Piedras that is The Stone-River because of the many Stones therein It is a very great River and divides the Countrey with several Arms making many Islands stiled Cagasian or Cagakais where the Portugals have built a strong Fort for the conveniency of their Trade In the next place the Maps of the Countrey have set Rio Pichel Rio Palmas Rio Pogone Rio de Cangranca Rio Casses Rio Carocane Capar and Tambasine which two last take their original from the Mountains of Machamala upon which may be seen a stately Work of Chrystal with several Pyramids of the same Matter Lastly The River Mitombo they describe the River Tagarin otherwise Mitombo but at present by the English Portugals Dutch and other-Traders call'd Rio. de

Language call'd The Bolmish Tongue being hard to learn and difficult to pronounce whereas that of the people of Timna dwelling to the South is easie The Capez and Kumba's are subject to their particular Princes who sit in publick to administer Justice and decide their Differences and to that end have near their Palaces several terrassed Walks call'd Funko's in every of which is rais'd a Throne cover'd over with fine Mats where the King sits and on each side plac'd long Forms for the Noblemen call'd Solatequies that is Councellors with whose advice he determines the Causes The Method this first appears the Party Complainant with his Proctors and Advocates call'd by them Troens attir'd with several sorts of Feathers having Bells at their heels and Staves in their hands to lean on when they Plead they put a Mask before their Faces that they may not be afraid but speak freely before the King what they have to say after the Cause is pleaded on both sides and the Councellors have given their opinion upon it the King pronounces the definitive Sentence with present Execution against the party cast When the King Creates one of these Councellers How the King's Lords of his Council are made he causes him to come into the Funko where being set upon a wooden Stool curiously wrought and carv'd and appointed onely for this Solemnity he girts him with a bloudy Fillet of a Goats-skin about the Temples afterwards Rice-meal is strowed over it and presently a red Cap put upon his Head And that the people may take notice of this new-conferr'd Honour he is carried about in Triumph upon the shoulders of certain Officers to that purpose appointed These Ceremonies perform'd the new-made Lord makes an Entertainment wherein they spend three days in all kind of Mirth and divertising Pastimes setting forth divers Skirmishes and other jocose Exercises according to the fashion of the Countrey At last they kill an Oxe and divide the flesh among the common people ¶ WHen the King dies his youngest Son inherits the Dominion The antient manner of chusing of a King or if there be no Male-Issue then the Brother or nearest Relation succeeds But before they proclaim him they fetch him out of his House and carry him bound to the Palace where he receives an appointed number of strokes with a Rod. Then unbound and Habited in his Royal Robes he is conducted very ceremoniously to the Funko where the chiefest Nobles of the Kingdom have assembled and seated on the Throne when one of the gravest Olatequi declares in a large Speech the Right and Priviledge of the new King which ended delivers into the new King's hand the Insignia Regalia that is an Axe with which the Heads of Offenders are cut off and thenceforth he remains an absolute Soveraign peaceably and receives all Services and Tributes These were the antient Customs while the Kingdom was free but since by the Conquest of one Flansire Grandfather of the present King of Quoia or Cabo Monte it was subjected to Quoia Bolmberre is Governed by a Vice-Roy Bolmberre is become a Province and Governed by a Vice-Roy who receives the Dignity and Title of Dondagh that is King from the Quoia's as themselves took it from the Folgia's but they have thrown off that Yoke and at this day the Quoian King as Supream not onely gives Laws to Bolmberre but also to the Principalities of Boluma and Timna having also left his old Title Flamboere and from the Portugals by whom converted to Christianity received the Name of Don Philip. The King has four Brothers The Residence of the King and his Brothers who separately hold their Residence in distinct places in the South Countreys the eldest five or six miles beyond the Town Bugos the second call'd Don Andreas at the second Watering-place before-mentioned the third Don Jeronimo at the third Point of the South River the fourth Don Thomas in a Town call'd Thomby All that Tract of Land lying by the Sea The Dominion of King Fatuma from the North-side of the River Serre-Lions to Rio das Pedras together with the Isle De los Idolos are under the Jurisdiction of Fatuma a Potent Prince commanding far up into the In-lands and holding as his Tributaries the Kings Temfila Teemsertam and Don Michaell a converted Christian The People before the coming of the Jesuit Barreira Their Religion lay wholly drencht in Idolatry but he converted many to the Christian Faith and in the Year Sixteen hundred and seven Baptized the King his Children and many others giving to the King at his Baptism the Name of Philip as we said before to which the Portugals flatteringly added Don and because he was King of Serre-Lions call'd him Don Philip the Lyon But they little practice the good Instructions taught them but still retain with the generality of the People their old heathenish Customs as shall be declared afterwards in the Description of the Kingdom of Quoia The English Trade Hollanders and other people that come into these Parts to traffick carry out of Europe several sorts of Commodities which they barter and exchange with great advantage the principal are these Iron Bars Linnen Basons Earthen Cans All sorts of speckled Glass-Buttons Counterfeit Pearles of several sorts Copper Meddals Bracelets and Armlets Pendants and such like Small Cutlasses Seamens Knives Fine Bands Ordinary Lace Chrystal Ordinary Painted Indian Cloathes Spanish Wine Oyl of Olives Brandy Wine All sorts of great Bands Waste-bands wrought with Silk which the Women buy to wear about their middles On the Island in the River of Serre-Lions The English Fort subdued by the Netherlanders the English possessed a small Fort erected for the more secure managing of their Trade which in the Year Sixteen hundred sixty and four the tenth of December the Dutch under the Conduct of the Admiral De Rutter with a Fleet without reason surpriz'd and took wherein they found four or five hundred Elephants-Teeth a good number of Copper-Kettles Iron Bars and about sixty or seventy Lasts of Salt the later parcels with some other inconsiderable Merchandises they left there but the Teeth and other Wares of consequence they brought over in the returning Ships GUINE WE are to observe Several acceptations of the Name Guine that the English Portuguese and Dutch greatly differ in their Descriptions of this Countrey though in the general Name they seem to agree for the Portugals divide Guine into the Upper and Lower comprising under the Name of the Upper the whole Tract of Land lying by the Sea inclos'd between the River of Zenega and the Borders of the Kingdom of Congo and under the Lower the Kingdoms of Congo and Angola whereas others bring Congo and Angola together with Monomotapa Zanzibar and Ajan under the Exterior as they include Abyssine or Prester-Johns Countrey wholly in the Interior Ethiopia But by the English and Netherlanders Guine is circumscribed in much narrower Limits allowing it no more

beating of the Sea against the Shore the Landing proves very dangerous When the Merchants have done and are ready to depart they must pay to the King two Musquets and five and twenty Pound of Gun-Powder or for want of that in Silk-Worms the worth of nine Slaves to the Carte to the Foello or Captain of the Whites and to Honga the Captain of the Boat to each of them a like Present Provisions for the Whites may be had here for a reasonable Price that is a Cask of fresh Water and a Sag of Wood for two yellow Armlets a Kof or Chest of Salt for three five Hens for four a Pot of Beer for one In time of Wars none are exempted from Service The Wars but very old Men and Children their disorderly manner of Fight you have before describ'd as also their Barbarism to the Slain and Prisoners and Method of Triumphing with their Heads and therefore we will not here repeat and cloy you with the same things again The King of Arder hath absolute and Soveraign Power over his Subjects Dominion and according as they reckon State carries a Majestick Splendor both in Clothes and Servants his Subjects tendring him great respect He Creates Noblemen and Courtiers at his pleasure and punishes Offenders not any daring to contradict Every Town as Jakkijn and Ba hath their Fidalgos or Noblemen to preside it in the King's Name who exacts a great Revenue from the Inhabitants by Order from the King When the King dies Funeral for two or three moneths after two sit waiting by him and some Servants are Strangled as an ostentation of Power not in expectation of Service in the other world The Crown descends to the Eldest or Youngest Son after their Fathers Decease and takes all his Father left but his Wives whom all but his own Mother to whom extraordinary respect is shown he imploys in his works of several kinds The Goods of the meanest sort after their decease falls to the Noblemen whose Vassals they were Their Religion consists in no appointed Meetings or setled Form Their Religion though they have Fetiseros or Priests for every Person of Quality hath his own Chaplain and if any be sick in their Family the Fetisero comes and taking Oxen Fetisero's or Priests Sheep and Hens for a Sacrifice cuts their Throats and with the Bloud besprinkles their Fetisi or Sant that is sometimes no more than an old Earthen Pot or Basket Every Family hath a Meeting once in six moneths at which their Priest offers Sacrifice to their Fetisi or Sant put under a Pot with Holes and then they enquire of what they desire to know If the Fetisi be unsatisfied the Priest can get no words from him if otherwise he hath an answer by a gracile or small-piped voice as if it came from the Fetisi whereas indeed it is a counterfeited sound by their Priests Then the Inquirer takes a Bason fill'd with Beer and Meal and gives to the Priest then suddenly somewhat in the Pot under which the Fetisi sits leaps whereupon all promising obedience to the answer and drinking a draught out of the Bason depart They believe another life after this but not for all for they say that a man after death perisheth and his bloud congeals so that none must expect any Resurrection saving those that are slain in the Wars which they averre to have found by experience and that the Bodies slain in the Wars lie not two days in the Graves But more probably this seems a cheat of their Fetisero's who in the night steal the bodies from their resting-places to make the people believe they were risen and gone to another life and to this end to make them the more stout and valiant in the Wars Sixteen miles Eastward of Little Arder Rio Laga Rio de Lagas empties his Waters into the Sea before which a Shelf lyeth that choaks the whole River except at the East-side where they may Row in with a Boat but not without danger to overset in a rowling Sea This Flood goeth in at North or North-west and so passes to a Town call'd Curamo lying on the South Curamo from which Cotton-Cloathes are brought to the Gold-Coast and with good Profit Traded for by the Europeans there The Kingdom of ULKAMI or ULKUMA ULkami or Ulkuma a mighty Countrey The Kingdom of Vlkami spreads Eastward of Arder between that and Benyn to the North-East From hence they send many Slaves partly taken in the Wars Their Trade and partly made such as a punishment for their offences to Little Arder and there sold to the Portuguese to be transported to the West-Indies The Boys in this Region are Religion or Worship according to the Mahumetan manner Circumcis'd but the Girls when they attain the Age of ten or twelve years they put a Stick up their Privacies whereon Pismires taken out of the Fields are set to eat out the Flesh The Monarchy of BENYN THe Kingdom of Benyn Borders of the Kingdom of Benyn or Benin so call'd from its chief City Great Benyn borders in the Northwest on the Kingdom of Ulkami Jaboc Jejago and Oedobo in the North on that of Jaboc eight days journey above the City Benyn in the East on the Kingdom of Istanna and Forkado and in the South on the Sea How far this Principality of Benyn spreads Bigness from South to North is as yet unknown by reason several places continue so full of great Woods that they cannot be Travell'd but it hath from East to West about a hundred Spanish Miles This Kingdom boast many good Towns Latb● though little at present known as lying eight or nine days journey beyond the City of Benyn besides an innumerable number of Villages and Hamlets sprinkled as Beauty-Spots on the Verge of the River but the rest of the Countrey not Inhabited so overgrown with Brambles and Bushes as makes it unpassable save onely where some narrow Paths lead from Town to Town Twenty miles or thereabouts up the same River near its Head-Spring stands a Town call'd Gotton Gotton considerable for its length and extent Nine or ten miles from which The City of Benyn but more into the Countrey Northward Benyn shews its self a City of that largeness as cannot be equall'd in those Parts and of greater civility than to be expected among such Barbarous People to whom better known by the name of Ordor It confines within the proper Limits of its own Walls three miles Bigness but taking in the Court makes as much more The Wall upon one side rises to the height of ten Feet double Pallasado'd with great and thick Trees with Spars of five or six Foot laid Crossways fasten'd together and Plaister'd over with Red Clay so that the whole is cemented into one intirely but this surrounds hardly one side the other side having onely a great Trench or Ditch and Hedge of Brambles unpassable with little

to carry their goods from place to place to save other extraordinary charge of carriage The Roads from Lovango to Pombo Sondy Monsel Great Mokoko and other places are much infested by the Jages so that it is dangerous for Merchants to travel that way though they usually go in whole Troops under a chief Commander that is very faithful to them But for the obtaining of free Trade in Lovango the Whites must continually give presents to the King and his Mother the Queen and two Noblemen appointed Overseers of the Factory call'd Manikes and Manikinga and several others In Trading the Blacks of Lovango use their own Language yet some Fishermen on the Shore speak broken Portuguese and there commonly serve as Brokers between the Buyers and Sellers as in Europe The King of Lovango hath several eminent Councellors Government with whom he advises in matters of State Entituled Mani-Bomme Mani-Mambo Mani-Beloor and Mani-Belullo Mani-Kinga Mani-Matta and others The first or Mani-Bomme which is as much as Lord Admiral hath under his Jurisdiction Lovangiri and is indeed the most eminent of all the rest The second Mani-Mamba supervises Lovangomongo but not alone for he hath generally two or three joyn'd with him in Commission The third Mani-Beloor is chief Superintendent over Chilongo and besides that Charge hath the Office of Searcher over the Dockies or Sorcerers and takes care of such as fall under the Bondes The great Province of Chilongatiamokango as free Lord he rules without acknowledging any subjection to the King Mani-Kinga is Lord Lieutenant of Piri and Mani-Matta Captain of the Guard for Matta signifies a Bowe and Mani a Prince The King for the better managing of his weighty affairs hath several other inferior Officers as Manidonga Governor of Pattovey to Guard the King's Wives two Manaenders that is Butlers to the King in the day and two other for the night Moeton Ambamma servant of the great Captain Bamma with a multitude of others Besides all these the great Butler bears no small sway his title Mabonde-Lovango that is Upper Butler of Lovango for he takes care of all Vyands and hath four other under him whereof as we said two in the day time when the King is in the Wine-House and two in the evening perform their service and lastly every division of the Countrey hath a particular Nobleman appointed by the King as we in Hundreds have Justices of the Peace The King of Lovango hath the repute of a potent Lord The Power of the King being able to bring numerous Armies into the Field and that not so much respected as dreaded by the Kings of Calongo and Goy yet he liveth in friendship with them and holds good correspondency with those of Angola his Jurisdiction extends into the Countrey Eastward almost as far as on the Sea Coast being known by the general name of Mourisse and Manilovango The administration of Justice and punishing of Vice Justice seems to be according to the Law of Retaliation for Theft is not punish'd by Death except it be against the King but when they take a Thief either in the very act or afterwards the things stoln must be made good by him or his Friends and the Thief bound expos'd for a scorn and derision of every one in the midst of the Street If any be found Guilty whose miserable poverty affords no means of satisfaction then may the offended seek remedy every man of the Tribe or Generation whereof he was and make them work for him till he receive the full recompence of his losses The King hath by the report of the Blacks near seven thousand Wives The King hath many Wives for after the decease of one King his Successor keeps all his Wives and brings also many besides to them These Wives are kept in no great respect for they must work no less than other women Some few of them he selects for his Amours and with them spends much time the other he shuts up as Nunns in Cloysters When one of these proves with Child one must drink Bonde for her to know whether this Woman hath had to do with any other besides the King Now if the Man who hath so drank be well they judge the Woman upright but if the Man falls she is condemn'd and burnt and the Adulterer buried alive The King as supream Governor A Mother is appropriated for the King appropriates to himself one to be as a Mother a grave Matron and of good and try'd experience which they call Makonda whom he reverences with more honour than his own natural Mother This Makonda hath a great prerogative and priviledge to do good offices both to the Nobility and common People that fall into the dis-favour of the King who is necessitated in all weighty affairs to use her Counsel for she hath such authority Her Authority that if the King provokes her any way and doth not grant her Suit speedily she may take away his life Besides she takes the advantage without any daring to controll her to satiate her unruly appetite as often and with whom she pleases and whatever Children she hath by such means bears all the same repute that proceeds of the Royal Race but if her Gallants meddle with other Women they are by authority of the Law punished with Death so that these accounted felicities carry with them their infortune and if they imagine themselves detected they have no way to preserve their Lives but by flight When the King dies The Inheritance of the Crown his Children succeed not but the Crown devolves to his eldest Brother and for want of Brothers to his Sisters Children Such as may pretend any right to the Crown have their Dwellings in several Cities and Towns and as they come nearer to the Government the nigher they draw towards Lovango now so soon as the King dies the Lord which dwelleth in the next Town of all cometh to the Dominion and he that dwelleth nearest to him supplieth his place again and so on to the last with this Proviso that they must be of Noble Blood by the Mothers side Mani-Kay the first Successor to the Throne dwelleth in a great City call'd Kay about a mile and a half North North-West from Lovango Mani-Bocke the second dwelleth in a Town four or five miles up into the Countrey call'd Bocke Mani-Cellage the third resides in a pretty large Town by Name Cellage ten or twelve miles Northward of Lovango Mani-Katt the fourth remains in the Village about fifteen miles from Lovango Mani-Injami the fifth holds his Seat in a Hamlet call'd Injami Southwards towards Calongo After the Decease of the old King Mani-Kay succeeded and Mani-Bocke came again in his place and every one follows his Lot The King 's youngest Brother hath his Mansion in Chilasia and from thence comes to Bocke upon the first Vacancy and if he hath a Child by his Wife and have offer'd Sacrifice to their Cares or banish'd Gods removes

Bernardo de Menzos his Interpreter and Secretary The King's Apparel is very glorious and rich His Cloathing being for the most part Cloth of Gold or Silver with a long Velvet Mantle This King wears commonly a white Cap upon his Head He wears a white Cap. so do his Fidalgoes or Nobility in his Favour And this is indeed so eminent a token thereof that if the King be displeased with any of them he onely causes his Cap to be taken off from his Head For this white Cap is a Cognizance of Nobility or Knighthood here as in Europe every Order hath a peculiar Badge to distinguish it When the King goeth abroad with all his Nobles adorn'd with white Caps on their Heads When the King is desirous to have Taxes he lets his Cop blow off he sometimes puts on a Hat and at pleasure lays that aside and resumes his Cap which he then puts very loosely on upon set purpose that the Wind should blow it off the easier which according to design hapning his Fidalgoes run to take it up and bring it to the King again but the King as offended at the Disgrace will not receive the same but goeth home very much troubled the next day he sends two or three hundred Blacks abroad to gather in Taxes so punishing his whole Kingdom for the offence of the Wind in blowing off his Cap which he caused of set purpose He hath one Married Wife The Queen is call'd Mani-mombada which they call Mani-Mombada that is Queen all the rest Taxes for the Queen how rais'd being no small number are Concubines For this Wife a Yearly Tax is gathered through the whole Kingdom by them call'd Pintelso every House paying a Rate for their Beds viz. a Slave for every Spans breadth so that if it be three Spans broad they pay three Slaves The Queen hath her Lodgings in the Palace Her place of aboad apart with her Ladies of Honor which have little Courtship or Art to set them forth yet they go almost every night abroad to take their pleasure and to satisfie their wanton desires onely some stay according to their turns to wait upon the Queen who will her self if she finds a convenient opportunity and a Person that dares venture to come in the Night over the Straw Walls into the Court to her private Lodgings not be backward to receive their proffer'd Kindness But this she doth with great circumspection for if the King should hear of it it would endanger both their Lives The King on the contrary keeps as many Concubines as he pleases as well of the Ladies of Honor belonging to the Queen as of others without check but the Priests spare not to reprove him for it openly in their Preaching When the King dies his Relations put him into the Grave in a Sitting Posture to whom formerly a dozen young Maids leap'd out of free choice and were buried alive to serve him in the other Life as believing That he should not remain dead but go into that other World and live there These Maids were then so earnest and desirous of this Service to their deceased Prince that for eagerness to be first they kill'd one another And their Parents and Friends gather together all sorts of stately Clothes and put them into the Grave to the intent that when they arrive in that strange Countrey they may buy such things as they have occasion for therewith The Funeral of the King in stead of other Mourning is celebrated eight days together with continual Eating and Drinking and this kind of Mourning they call Malala and every Year after Solemnize it with an Anniversary-Meeting in the same manner This Custom is not only us'd for the King but also for the Nobility according to their Quality and continues to this day but by the progress of Christianity teaching better things they have laid aside totally the burying of People alive In the Succession to the Crown they observe no Order Inheritance of the Crown neither Legitimation nor Seniority taking place further than the Ruling Grandees please they according to the humor of barbarous Nations esteeming all alike Honorable For which reason the Nobles chuse one out of the King's Sons whether Legitimate or Illegitimate it matters not for whom they have the most respect or think the fittest or else perhaps sometimes sway'd by extravagant Fancies relinquish all the Children and give the Crown to a Brother or Nephew The Coronation of the King they Solemnize after this manner The manner of the King's Coronation All the Nobles and Portuguese assemble before the Palace in a four-square open Court built for that purpose of old encompass'd with a slight Stone Wall about five Yards high in the middle of which stands a great Velvet Chair and a Cushion with a stately Carpet spread before it and a Crown wrought of Gold Silk and Silver-Wyre laid thereon as also three Gold Armlets about the thickness of a Finger and a Velvet Purse wherein is the Pope's Bull or Letters of Confirmation to the new King The intended King after some time comes into this Congregation by invitation of the Nobless concern'd primarily in the Election where all things prepared there stands one up which in the nature of a Herald proclaims these words You that shall be King be no Thief neither covetous nor revengeful but be a friend of the Poor You shall bestow the Alms for the releasement of Prisoners or Slaves and help the Needy and be charitable to the Church and always endeavour to keep this Kingdom in Peace and Quietness and fully observe and keep the same without breach of League with your Brother the King of Portugal After this Speech ended the Musick begins to play with excellent Melody which having continued a convenient season the last two Fidalgo's go seemingly to seek him amongst the People the remaining part of them sitting upon the Ground These two in a short time find him they sought for and bringing him one by the right Arm and the other by the left place him upon the foremention'd Royal Chair and put the Crown upon his Head on his Arms the Gold Armlets and the usual black Cloth or Bayze-Cloak upon his Body then he lays his Hand upon a Mass-Book and the Evangelists which the Priest holds to him Clothed in a white Garment hung with white Tassels and the King swears to do and keep all that he hath been forewarned of by him the formention'd Herald After the ending of these Solemnities the twelve Noblemen and the King go to the Palace accompanied with all those that were present at the Coronation who cast Earth and Sand upon him for a Token of rejoycing and for an Admonition that though he be now King he shall be Dust and Ashes The King after his Crowning remains eight days in his Palace never going forth in which time all the Black Nobility none excepted and all the Portuguese come to visit and wish

Maurice The Congo's Ambassadors come into the Metherlands which he receiv'd and entertain'd sumptuously desiring his favour that they might go into the Netherlands which being granted and they arrived in Holland they shew to that State and to the Prince of Orange their Credentials from the King and other Letters to the Governors of the West-India Company to whom among other things they declared many Customs of their Countrey and in particular how their Kings sits upon his Throne causing his Greatness to appear by long silence As also how the Inhabitants after the manner of the Heathens did worship and adore him Before the coming of the Portuguese into these Countreys Their Religion and their converting them to Christianity the People of Congo had several sorts of Idols for every one according to his pleasure without any rule or reason chose himself a god which seemed most for his advantage Some worshipped Dragons Serpents Goats Tygers and many other living Creatures others adored Fowls Plants Trees yea the very Skins of these Beasts stuffed with Straw To these Idols they used several Ceremonies which chiefly consisted in humility as bending of Knees laying their Faces on the Earth and daubing them with Dirt and sacrificing or offering to them all their best and dearest things but at last they were brought to light out of this Idolatry in which they had for many Ages lay'n drown'd by the endeavors of the Portuguese the manner and occasion whereof happen'd thus When Don John the second of that Name King of Portuguese was bent upon the discovery of the East-Coast and Countrey of Africa and the East-Indies in the Year Fourteen hundred and eighty four he equipped a Fleet to that purpose under the Command of Johan Cano who being come before the River Zair sent Agents to the King of Congo but they not returning he took four Congo's that came to see the Ships and after some time spent in Coasting return'd carrying them with him whom the King receiv'd with great courtesie and immediately dispatched Cano back to Congo with great Presents who being come upon the Coast sent one of these four Natives to the King of Congo entreating the return of the Portuguese whereto easily consenting Cano sent home the three remaining Congo's The fore-mention'd Portuguese during the time of their stay and detention in Congo became so intimately acquainted with the Duke of Songo Unckle to the then King and a Man of a noble spirit that they instructed him in the Christian Religion and demonstrated so plainly the errour of their Idolatrous Ways that the Duke went himself to the King in Person to relate it to him and advise with him about the change of their Religion whereupon the King after many perswasions and arguments at length condescended to send an Embassy to Portugal requesting the King to send some Priests for their instruction and accordingly Zakuten that had been there before was sent with Instructions Letters and a noble Retinue who arriving there first learn'd the Portuguese Tongue and soon after he with all that belong'd to him received Baptism This gave such encouragement to King John that according to desire he dispatcht away Zakuten with some Priests and all sorts of Church-Ornaments where both Prince and People received them with inexpressible joy The first that publickly received Baptism was the Duke of Songo The Duke of Songo is Baptiz'd with his Son in the Year Fourteen hundred ninety one himself being named Emanuel and his Son Anthony afterwards the King himself follow'd the steps of the good Earl taking the Name of John the Queen Eleanor and his youngest Son Alphonso This good example prevailed with many not of the Nobles onely but of the Commonalty of all sorts and each succeeding day increased their number since which time the Portuguese have not spared any hazards labour or pains both to increase and confirm the new planted Religion which hath been answered with a suitable success Amongst these are many Schoolmasters who besides Reading and Writing teach the Catechism wherein they make their Scholars perfect who in general follow and obey the Commands and Canons of the Holy Catholick Church But although most of them at this day in some measure profess the Christian Religion many still retain Idolatry according to their antient Use There are many Idolaters found amongst the Congians but more Hypocrites and others who boast themselves Christians practice nothing agreeable thereto except in the presence of the Whites and in a place where it may redound to their Profit and then they will cunningly play the Hypocrites and at best intermingling their vain Idolatry therewith The Churches there are built after the manner of their Houses wherein are always attending many Priests both Mullato's and Blacks which oftentimes celebrate Mass When the Duke goes to those sacred Duties he puts on his most costly Apparel adorn'd with many Gold Chains or Strings of pure Corral Usher'd by Musick attended with a Guard of Musquetiers and follow'd by a great throng of People In the Year Sixteen hundred and four and again in One thousand six hundred forty seven by order of the Pope at the entreaty of the Congian King Don Alvares the second fourteen Capuchins from Sicily and Cadiz Landed in Songo from whence with Licence they travel'd to Congo onely leaving some of their number to propagate and Preach there Those of Oando say they are Christians Those of Oando call themselves Christians and if they listed might be so re vera having such excellent Instructions daily inculcated to them In the Reign of Alvarez the first of Congo the Christians received not onely a Check but underwent heavy Persecution when Patience onely used Arma Ecclesiae Preces Lacrymae but Providence never suffering such raging impiety to go unpunisht for Sequitur impius ulter a tergo Deus the Jages who had long possessed the Kingdom of Ansiko a savage People residing in Huts and Woods without Prince or Government like the wild Arabs fell into the Kingdom of Congo like an irresistible inundation The Jages overcome the Kingdom of Congo ruining the same with Fire and Sword The Province of Batta lay first in their way where on a certain Plain before the City of St. Salvadore the King gave them Battel but with the loss of many People insomuch that he was forced to retreat into the City from whence not after driven he fled for safety together with many Portuguese and chief Lords of the Realm to Ilhas das Cavallus that is Horse-Island leaving the City to the Jages for a Prize who burnt it together with the Churches laying waste the whole and carrying away the Inhabitants whom they kill'd and eat The Husbandmen fled to the Woods and Wildernesses chusing rather to die there of Hunger than to fall into the hands of such inhumane Cannibals Nor did that necessity onely follow the Woods but the Famine spread over the inhabited Parts so that for