interdicted and forbidden to enter any Man's House or to compose any Song of any one without the special leave and warrant of the Party concerned with many other Ordinances relating to the like purpose Owen Gwynedh AFter the death of Gruffydh ap Conan his eldest Son Owen surnamed Gwynedh succeeded in the Principality of North Wales who no sooner had entered upon the Government but together with the rest of his Brethren he made an Expedition into South-Wales and having demolished and overthrown the Castles of Stradmeyric Stephan and Humffreys and laid in Ashes the Town of Caermardhyn he returned home with no less Honor than Booty and Plunder About the same time John Arch-Deacon of Lhanbaran departed this Life a Man of singular Piety and strictness of Life who for his rigid Zeal in Religion and Virtue was thought worthy to be canonized and to be counted among the number of the Saints This Year likewise King Stephen passed over to Normandy and having concluded a Peace with the French King and the Duke of Anjou returned back to England without any further delay But the following Spring gave opportunity for greater Undertakings David King of Scots upon the King of England's going to France last Summer had entered the Borders of England and continued to make considerable Wast and Havock in that part of the Country Whereupon King Stephen to rid his Country and his Subjects from so dangerous an Enemy marched with an Army towards the North whose coming the King of Scots hearing of he relinquished the Borders of England and retired to his own Country But that would not satisfie King Stephen who desired to be further revenged for the unpardonable Hostilities committed by the Scots in his Country and therefore pursuing the Scots to their own Country he harassed and laid wast all the South part of the Kingdom of Scotland But the King's absence animated several of the English Nobility to rebel to which purpose they fortified every one their Castles and strong Holds William Earl of Glocester those of Leeds and Bristol Ralph Lunel Cari William Fitz-Allen Shrewsbury Paganellus Ludlow William de Moyun Dunester Robert de Nichol Warham Eustace Fitz-John Merton and Walklyn Dover But for all these mighty Preparations the King in a short time became Master of them all some he won by assault others upon fair Promises and advantageous Conditions were surrendred up and some he got by treacherous and under-hand Contrivances The Scots thought to make good advantage of these Commotions in England and thereupon as soon as they heard that some of the English Nobility were in actual Rebellion against the King they entered into the Borders and began as they thought without any apprehension of Opposition to ravage and lay waste the Country before ' em But William Earl of Albemarle William Pyppell Earl of Nottingham Walter Espec and Gilbert Lacy gathered together all the Forces they could raise in the North and being animated and encouraged by the eloquent and pressing Oration of Ralph Bishop of Orkneys which he delivered in the audience of the whole Army they set upon the Scots at Almerton with such unanimous Courage that after a very great slaughter of his Men King David was glad to escape with his Life by flight After this King Stephen seized to his own use the Castles of Ludlow and Leeds and pressed the Bishops of Salisbury and Lincoln so hard that to prevent their perishing by Famine they were constrained to surrender the former the Castles of Vises and Shirburn the latter those of Newark upon Trent and Sleeford This did not a little augment the King's strength against the ensuing Storm for in the Summer this Year Maud the Empress Daughter and Heir to King Henry to whom King Stephen with all the Nobility of England had sworn Allegiance landed at Arundel with her Brother Robert Earl of Glocester and was there honourably received by William de Albineto who was lately married to Queen Adeliz King Henry's Widow with whom he received the Earldom of Arundel in Dowry But as soon as King Stephen heard of her landing he marched with all possible speed to Arundel and laid siege to the Castle but finding it upon tryal impregnable he raised the siege and by that means suffered the Empress and her Brother to escape to Bristol A.D. 1138 The next Year an unlucky Accident fell out in Wales Cynric one of Prince Owen's Sons having by some means or other disgusted Madawc ap Meredith ap Blethyn ap Confyn a Person of considerable Esteem and Estate in the Country was with his connivance set upon and slain by his Men. But the Affairs of England this Year afforded greater rarity of action King Stephen with a formidable Army laid siege to the City of Lincoln to the relief of which Ranulph Earl of Chester and Robert Earl of Glocester marched with their Forces But before they could arrive the Town was taken whereupon they drew up their Forces in order to give the King battel who on the other side was as ready to receive them King Stephen drew up his Forces in three Battels the first being led by the Earls of Britain Mellent Norfolk Hampton and Warren the second by the Earl of Albemarle and William of Ypres and the third by the King himself assisted by Baldwyn Fitz-Gilbert with several others of his Nobility Of the Enemies side the disinherited Barons had the first place the Earl of Chester with a considerable Party of Welchmen far better couraged than armed led the second and the Earl of Glocester the third Battel After a hot and bloody Dispute of both sides the Victory at length favoured the Barons King Stephen being first taken Prisoner and a little after the Queen together with William of Ypres and Bryan Fitz-Count But within a while after William Martell and Geffrey de Mandeville gathered together some fresh Forces and fought the Empress and her Brother at Winchester and having put the Empress to flight took Earl Robert Prisoner for exchange of whom the King was set at liberty The next Year King Stephen would A.D. 1139 try the other Adventure and received a second Overthrow at Wilton which however did not so much discourage him but that he laid so close a siege to the Empress at Oxford that she was glad to make her escape to Wallingford The same Year dyed Madawc ap Ednerth a Person of great Quality and Note in Wales and Meredith ap Howel a Man of no mean Esteem was slain by the Sons of Blethyn ap Gwyn For the two succeeding Years nothing remarkable A.D. 1140 passed in Wales excepting that this Year Howel ap Meredith ap Rhytherch of Cantref Rychan and Rhys ap Howel were cowardly slain by the Treachery and perfidious Practices of the Flemings and the next A.D. 1141 Year Howel ap Meredith ap Blethyn was basely murthered by his own Men at which time Howel and Cadwgan the Sons of Madawc ap Ednerth upon some unhappy Quarrel did kill
Increase how they fairly bid for â—he Conquest of that Country which had been goâ—erned by British Kings for the space of 1827. Years This troubled him exceedingly and tho he had litâ—le hopes of prevailing by the Strength and Numâ—er of his Forces yet he made the best preparation that the Opportunity would permit and dispatched his Fleet for the transportation of his Army which consisted partly of his own Subjects and partly of such Succours as he received from Alan Whilst he vigorously prosecuted this Design and was ready to strike sail for Britain his Voyage was prevented by a Message from Heaven which counselled him to lay aside the thoughts of recovering his Kingdom because it was already decreed above that the Britains should no longer enjoy the Government of Britain till the Prophesie of Merlyn Ambrose was fulfilled And instead of a Voyage to Britain he is ordered to take his Journey to Rome where he should receive Holy Orders at the hands of Pope Sergius and instead of recovering the British Crown have his own Crown shaved off and be initiated into the Order of the Monks Whether this Vision was signified to him in a Dream or by the impositious Illusion of some wicked Spirit or whether it may be a phantastical Conceit of his own being a Man of a mild and easie temper wearied with Troubles and Miseries is very dubious Only this is certain thaâ— he never returned again to Britain after he had gone over to Alan But Cadwaladar had no sooner received this Vision but immediately he relates the whole to his Friend Alan who presently consults all his prophetical Books chiefly the famous Works of the two Merlins Ambrose and Silvester The first is said to be begotten on a Spirit and born in the Town of Carmarthen whence he received the Name of Merliâ— and to flourish in the Reign of King Vortigern The latter called Caledonius from the Forest Caledon in Scotland and Silvester or Merlyn Wylbt by reason he fell mad and lived desolately after that he had seen a monstrous shape in the Air prophesied in the time of King Arthur and far more full and intelligible than the former Both these were in great Reverence and Reputation among the Britains and their Works very religiously preserved and upon any considerable occasion most venerably consulted They were of opinion that nothing could escape their Knowledg and that no Accident of moment or revolution could happen which they did not foretel and was to be â—â—covered in their Writings In the consultation â—â—erefore of their Prophesies and the Words which 〈◊〉 Eagle is said to have spoken at the building of â—â—er Septon now Shaftsbury namely that the Briâ—â—ns must lose the Government of Britain till the â—â—nes of King Cadwalader were brought back from â—â—me Alan found out that the time was now come â—hen these Prophesies were to be accomplished and â—â—e Britains forced to quit their native Inheritance to â—â—â—angers and Invaders Upon this he advised Cadâ—lader to obey the Commands and follow the Counâ—â—â— of the Vision and to hasten his Journey for Rome â—â—is he was willing to submit to being desirous to â—â—end the remainder of his Days in Peace and Quietâ—â—ss which before he had no opportunity to enjoy â—o Rome therefore he hastens where he was kindly â—â—ceived by Pope Sergius and after eight Years spent â—ere in Piety and Devotion he died in the Year â—â—8 and with him the Kingdom and total Governâ—ent of the Britains over this Island King Cadwalader is said to have been a consideraâ—â—e Benefactor to the Abby of Clynnoc Vawr in Arvon â—â—on which he bestowed the Lordship of Grayanoc â—his place was primarily founded by S. Beuno to â—hom it is dedicated who was the Son of Hywgi ap â—wynlliw ap Glywis ap Tegid ap Cadell a Prince or â—ord of Glewilig Brothers Son to S. Cadoc ap Gwynâ—â—â—w sometime Bishop of Beneventum in Italy He 〈◊〉 by the Mothers side Cosin German to Laudatus â—â—e first Abbot of Enlli or the Island of Bardsey â—â—d to Kentigern Bishop of Glascow in Scotland and 〈◊〉 Lhanolwey or S. Asaph in Wales which last was â—on to Owen Regent of Scotland and Grandson to â—rien King of Cumbria The building of a Monaâ—â—ry at Glynnoc happened upon this occasion Baeuno â—aving raised to life as the Tradition goes S. Weniâ—â—yd who was beheaded by one Caradoc a Lord in North Wales upon the account that she would not â—ield to his unchast Desires became in very great â—steem with King Cadvan who bestowed upon him â—ertain Lands whereon to build a Monastery Cadwallon also Cadrans Son gave him the Lands oâ— Gwareddoc where beginning to build a Church 〈◊〉 certain Woman with a Child in her Arms preventeâ— his further progress assuring him that those Landâ— were the proper inheritance of that Child Beâ—â—â— was so exceedingly troubled at this and withouâ— any more consideration on the matter taking thâ— Woman along with him he went in all haste to Caâ— Sevant called by the Romans Segontium now Câ—â—narvon where King Cadwallon then kept his Court when he was come before the King he told him witâ— a great deal of Zeal and Concern that he had nâ—â— done well to devote to God's Service what was aâ—other Man's Inheritance and therefore demandâ—â— back of him the Golden Scepter he had given him 〈◊〉 lieu and consideration of the said Land which thâ— King refusing to do was presently excommunicated bâ— Beuno who thereupon departed and went away Bâ— a certain person called Gwyddeiant the King 's Cosin-German hearing what had happened immediatelâ— pursued after Beuno whom when he had overtakeâ— he bestowed upon him for the good of his own Soâ— and the Kings the Township of Clynncovawr being his undoubted Inheritance where Beuno built a Church about the Year 616. about which time King Cadvan dyed leaving his Son Cadwallon to succeed him And not long before this time Eneon Ehreâ—â— or Anianus King of the Scots a considerable Prince in the North of Britain leaving all his Royalty iâ— those Parts came to Lhyn in Gwyneth where he built a Church which is still called from him Lhaâ— Eingan Bhrenin where he is said to have spent the remainder of his Days in the Fear and Service of God He was Son to Owen Danwyn the Son of Eneon Yrth Son to Cunedha Wledig King of Cambria and a great Prince in the North and Cosin-German to the great Maelgwn Gwyneth King of Britain whose Father was Caswallon law-hîr the Brother of Owen Danwyn and his Mother Medif the Daughter of Voylda ap Talâ— Traws of Nanconwâ—y This Maclywn died about the Year 586. Ivor and Edwal Ywrch WHen Cadwalader was departed for Rome Alan began to reflect upon the state and condition Great Britain he imagin'd with himself that the â—ecovery of it was not impracticable but that a conâ—â—â—erable Army might regain what the Saxons now â—â—ietly possessed Therefore he was resolved to try â—â—e utmost and to send over all the Forces
fought withâ—â— and Rahald was slain and the rest compell'd to â—â—swear the King's Land and never to return any â—ore to England King Edward to prevent any fuâ—â—re Disturbance from such open Invaders caused a â—â—rong Army to be quartered upon the South side of â—â—vern but the Danes for all he could do enter'd â—â—vice into his Country once at Werd and then at â—ortogan but were both times overthrown by the â—nglish From thence they departed to the Isle of â—â—epen whence they were forced by Hunger to sail to â—outh Wales intending to make a considerable Prey of â—hat Country but failing of their aim they were â—onstrained to make the best of their way for Ireland But the next Year a Party of Danes fought a very â—evere Battel with the Kentish-men at Holm but which of them obtain'd the Victory is not certainly â—eported About the same time Anarawd Prince of A.D. 913 North Wales died leaving behind him two Sons Edwal Foel and Elis and some say a third named Meyric Edwal Foel AFter the death of Anarawd his eldest Son Edwal Foel took upon him the Government of Northwales Howel Dha holding the Principality of Southwales and Powis At what time a terrible Comet appeared in the Heavens The same Year the City of Chester which had been destroyed by the Danes was by the procurement of Elfleda new built and repaired as the antient Records of that City do â—â—stifie This in the antient Copy is called Leycestâ—â— by an easie mistake for Legecestria or Chester callâ—â— by the Romans Legionum Cestria The next Suâ—mer the Men of Dublin cruelly destroyed the Isle 〈◊〉 Anglesey and soon after Clydawe the Son of Caâ—â—â— was unnaturally slain by his Brother Meyric about tâ—â— same time that the Danes received a cruel overthroâ—â— by the English at Tottenhale But Elfleda did 〈◊〉 long survive the rebuilding of the City of Chester a Woman of singular Virtues and one that greaâ—â—â— strengthned the Kingdom of Mercia by buildinâ— of Towns and Castles against the Incursions of tâ—â— Danes as Strengat and Bruge by the Forrest 〈◊〉 Morph Tamworth Stafford Edelburgh Cherenburgâ— Wadeburgh and Runcofe After this she entered wâ—â— her whole Army into Wales wan Brecknock 〈◊〉 took the Queen with 33 of her Men Prisonerâ— which in Welch is called Gwaith y Ddinas Newydh 〈◊〉 the Battel of the new City From hence she marched for Derby which she took from the Danes losâ— only four of her chief Commanders in the Actioâ— The occasion of these two Expeditions according 〈◊〉 some was this Huganus Lord of West Wales peâ—ceiving King Edward to be unavoidably busie in thâ— Danish War gathered an Army of Britains and â—â—tring into England destroyed the Kings Countâ—â— Upon the News of this Elfleda came to Wales witâ— a great Army fought with the Welch at Breekâ—â— and putting Huganus to flight took his Wife anâ— some of his Men Prisoners whom she carried wiâ—â— her to Mercia Huganus being thus defeated fled 〈◊〉 Derby and being there kindly received joined hiâ—self with the Kings Enemies the Danes Elfleda being certified of that followed him with her Army but in storming the Gates of the Town had Four 〈◊〉 her best Officers kill'd by Huganus But Gwyane Loâ— of the Isle of Ely her Steward setting fire to thâ— Gates furiously ran upon the Britains and entereâ— the Town upon which Haganus perceiving himseâ—â— to be over-match'd chose rather to fall by the Sword â—â—an cowardly to yield himself to a Woman The â—ext Year Elfleda laid siege to the City of Leicester which was quickly surrender'd and the Danes thereâ—â— perfectly subdued The Fame of these several Aâ—tions being noised abroad her Neighbours became somewhat fearful and timorous and the Yorkshireâ—â—n voluntarily did her Homage and proffer'd their Service She died at Tamworth after Eight Years â—ule over Mercia and lies buried at Glocester by S. Peters After the death of Elfleda King Edward most ungratefully disinherited her Daughter Alfwyen and â—ntering into Mercia seized all the Land into his own hands upon pretence that she without his knowledg whom her Mother had appointed her Guardian had privily promised and contracted Marâ—iage with Reynald King of the Danes But this unâ—ust and unnatural Action of King Edwards might possibly bring upon him those vehement Troubles which presently ensued upon it For Leofred a Dane â—nd Gruffydh ap Madoc Brother in Law to the Prince of West Wales came from Ireland with a great Army to Snowdon and minding to bring all Wales and the Marches thereof to their subjection over-ran and subdued all the Country to Chester before King Edward was certified of their arrival Whereat being sore offended and loth to trouble his Subjects for help vowed that himself and his Sons with their single Forces would be revenged upon Leofred and Gruffydh and thereupon marching to Chester forced the City from them Then he divided his Army into â—wo Battels whereof he and his Son Ethelstan lead the first Edmund and Edred the second and followed them so close that he overtook them at the Forest of Walewode now Sherwode where Leofred and Gruffydh set upon them so fiercely that the King at first was in some danger until Athelstane stepped in and wounded the Dane in the Arm in that manner that being no longer able to hold his Spear the was taken Prisoner and committed to the custody of Atholstâ—ne In the mean time Edmund and Edred encountring with Gruffydh slew him and brought his Head to their Father and Leofreds Head being likewise cut off they were both set up upon the Town of Chester and then Edward together with his Sons victoriously returned home But King Edward having A.D. 924 built Glademutham soon after this dyed at Farandon and his Son Alfred the same time at Oxford and were both buried at Winchester Edward being dead his base Son Athelstane for many excellent Virtues appearing in him was preferred to the Crown the worthiest Prince of the Saxon Blood that ever reigned He overcame Cudfryd the Father of Raynald King of the Danes at York and being invaded by Hawlaf King of Ireland who with all the Power of the Scots and Danes marched against him gave him battel at Brimestbury and obtained a very notorious Victory King Hawlaf together with the King of the Scots five Kings of the Danes and Normans being slain upon the spot so that the whole Country of England and Scotland became subject to him which none of his Predecessoâ—â— A.D. 933 ever attempted Sometime after Owen the Son of Gruffydh was slain by the Men of Cardigan And then Athelstane entring with his Army into Wales forced the Princes thereof to pay a yearly Tribute of 20 l. in Gold 300 l. in Silver and 200 Head of Cattel which notwithstanding was not observed as appears by the Laws of Howel Dha wherein it is appointed that the Prince of Aberffraw should pay no more to the King of London than 66 l. Tribute and that the Princes of Dinefawr and Powis should
Bruce under pretence of congratulating this new Peace and Agreement betwixt the English and Welch invited Sitsylht and Geffrey his Son with several others of the Persons of chiefest note in Gwentland to a Feast in his Castle of Abergavenny which by composition he had lately received from them Sitsylht with the rest came according to appointment and without the least suspicion of any treasonable Designs but after they had been civilly entertained for some time William Bruce to move a Quarrel against them began at last to propound certain Articles to them to be by them kept and performed and among other unreasonable Conditions they were to swear that none of them should at any time carry with them Bow or Sword The Welch refusing to consent to and sign such improper Articles as these William Bruce presently calls out his Men who were ready for that purpose and bidding them fall to their business they most treacherously fell upon and slew the innocent and naked Welch and as if it did not sufficiently express their Cruelty and Inhumanity they immediately went to Sitsylht's House which stood not far from Abergavenny and taking hold of Gwladus his Wife they slew her Son Cadwalader before her face and then setting fire to the House they pack'd her away to the Castle This execrable Murther being thus most barbarously and which was worst of all under pretence of Friendship and Kindness committed Wâ—lliam Bruce to cloak his Treason with some reasonable Excuse and to make the World believe it was not for any private Interest or Expectation he had done such an Act as he knew would be by all Men abhorred caused it to be reported abroad that he had done such a thing in revenge of the death of his Uncle Henry of Hereford whom the Welch on the Easter-Even before had slain But whilst these things passed in South-Wales Roderic David Prince of North-Wales's Brother made his escape by some means or other out of Prison and fleeing to Anglesey he was receiv'd and acknowledg'd by all the Country t'other side the River Conwey for their Lord and Prince which they were the more willing to do by reason that they conceived an utter Abhorrence of Prince David who contrary to all Rules of Equity and almost Nature had disinherited all his Brethren and Cosins as boldly relying upon his Affinity and Relation to the King of England But David perceiving the Storm to grow very violent and that the Country did numerously flock and adhere to his Brother Cadwalader thought it his best way to stay a while till the Storm was abated and so retired over the River Conwey Towards the end of this Year Cadelh the Son of Gruffydh ap Rhys and Brother to Lord Rhys after a tedious fit of Sickness and taken upon him the Monkish Order departed this Life whose Body was very honourably enterred at Stratflur In the Spring of the following Year dyed also David A.D. 1176 Fitz Gerald Bishop of Menevia or S. Davids whose See was supplyed by one Piers being nominated thereunto by the King of England But what happened most remarkable this Year the Lord Rhys Prince of South Wales made a very great Feast at Christmas in his Castle of Aberteifi which he caused to be proclaimed through all Britain Ireland and the Islands adjacent some considerable time before and according to their Invitation many Hundreds of English Normans and others coming to Aberteifi were very honourably received and courteously entertained by Prince Rhys But among other tokens of their Welcome and Entertainment Rhys caused all the Bards or Poets throughout all Wales to come thither and for a better Diversion to the Company he provided Chairs to be set in the Hall in which the Bards being seated they were to answer each other in Rhyme and those that acquitted themselves most handsomly and overcame the rest were promised great Rewards and rich Presents In this poetical Disceptation the North-Wales Bards obtained the Victory with the Applause and Approbation of the whole Company and among the Professors of Musick between whom there was A.D. 1177 no small Strife Prince Rhys's own Servants were accounted the most expert But for all this civil and obliging Treatment of Prince Rhys the Normans upon the Marches fell to their accustomed manner of treacherous way-laying and privately assaulting the harmless and undesigning Welch and therefore Eineon Clyt Rhys his Son in Law and Morgan ap Meredith falling into the Net which the Normans had deceitfully laid for them were treacherously murthered Therefore to keep the Normans under greater fear and awe for the future Prince Rhys built a Castle at Rhayadr Gwy being a place where the River Wye falls with a very great Noise and Precipitation down a great Rock A.D. 1178 But this Castle was like to stand him in a double stead for it was not long after he had perfectly finished it that the Sons of Conan ap Owen Gwynedh made War against him but finding upon tryal that their Design against Rhys was impracticable they thought it more advisable to retire back to North-Wales A.D. 1179 The next Year Cadwalhon Brother to Owen Gwynedh and Uncle to David and Roderic who for fear of his Brother had some time ago fled for Refuge to the King of England as he was conveyed home by some of the King's Servants to enjoy his patrimonial Estate in Wales was by those barbarous and treacherous Villains murthered in his Journey This Year the Sepulchre of that famous and noble British King Arthur with his Wife Gwenhofar by the means of some Welch Bard whom King Henry had heard at Pembrock relate in a Song the worthy and mighty Acts of that great Prince and the place where he was buried was found in the Isle of Afalon without the Abbey of Glastenbury their Bodies being laid in a hollow Elder Tree buried Fifteen Foot in the Earth The Bones of King Arthur were of marvelous and almost incredible bigness having ten Wounds in the Skull whereof one being considerably larger than the rest seemed to be his Death-Blow and the Queens Hair seemed to the sight to be fair and yellow but when touch'd crumbled presently to Dust Over the Bones was laid a Stone with a Cross of Lead upon the lower side of which Stone were engraven these words HIC JACET SEPULTUS INCLYTUS REX ARTHURUS IN INSULA AVALONIA Here lies buried the famous King ARTHUR in the Isle of Afalon No Action of moment had passed in Wales this long time and the Welch were in perfect Amity and Concord with the King of England but some unlucky Accident fell out at last to dissolve this happy A.D. 1182 Union and Agreement One Ranulph de Poer who was Sheriff of Glocestershire or rather as Giraldus Cambrensis observes of Herefordshire being a cruel and unreasonable Oppressor of the Welch put the Lord of Gwentland to death in revenge of whom a certain young Person of that Country set upon Ranulph with several other Gentlemen his
and Ejection out of our Estates the sense of Oppression and tyrannical Government haveing compell'd us to take up Arms for the security of our Lives and Fortunes Therefore as the English are not disposessed of their Estates for their Offences against the King so we are willing to be punished or make other Satisfaction for our Crimes without being disinherited and as to the breach of the Peace 't is notorious that they were the Authors who never regarded either Promise or Covenant never made Amends for Trespasses nor Remedy for our Complaints When the Archbishop saw there was no likelihood of a Mediation and that a Peace was impossible to be concluded as long as the Welch stuck upon Conditions he presently relinquished his pretended Affection towards them and denounced a Sentence of Excommunication against the Prince and all his Adherents It was a subject of no little wonder that a Person of so reputed a Sanctity who esteemed the several Grievances done to the Welch to be intolerable should now condemn them for refusal of unlimited Submission to the King of England whereas he had already owned it to be unreasonable But this ecclesiastical Censure was only a Prologue to a more melancholy Scene King Edward immediately upon it sending an Army by Sea to Anglesey without any great Opposition conquered the Island and without any Mercy put all that withstood him to the Sword From thence designing to pass over to the Continent he caused a Bridg of Boats covered with Planks to be built over the Menay being an Arm of the Sea which parteth the Isle from the main Land at a place called Moel y don not far from Bangor where the Water is narrowest The Bridg being finished which was so broad as that Threescore Men might pass in a breast William Latimer with a strong Party of the best experienced Soldiers and Sir Lucas Thany Commander of the Gascoigns and Spaniards whereof a great number served the King passed over but could discover no sign or any the least intimation of an Enemy But as soon as the Tide began to appear and the Sea had overflown beside the Bridg down come the Welch fiercely out of the Mountains and setting upon the disheartned English killed or drowned their whole number excepting Latimer who by the swimming of his Horse got safe to the Bridg In this Action several worthy Soldiers of the English side were lost among whom were Sir Lucas Thany Robert Clifford Sir Walter Lyndsey two Brothers of Robert Burnel Bishop of Bath with many others in all to the number of Thirteen Knights Seventeen young Gentlemen and Two Hundred common Soldiers A little after or as some say afore another Engagement passed between the English and the Welch wherein the former lost Fourteen Colours the Lords Audley and Clifford the younger being slain and the King himself forced to retreat for safety to the Castle of Hope And while these things passed in North-Wales the Earl of Glocester and Sir Edmund Mortimer acted vigorously with their Forces in South-Wales and fighting the Welch at Lhandeilo Fawr overthrew them with the loss of no considerable Person saving William de Valence the King 's Cosin-German and Four Knights besides Prince Lhewelyn was all this while in Cardigan a wasting and destroying all the Country and principally the Lands of Rhys ap Meredith who very unnaturally held with the King of England in all these Wars But being at length tired with Action with a few Men privately separated himself from his Army and came to Buelht thinking to ease and respit himself there undiscovered But coming to the River Wye he met with Edmund Mortimer and John Gifford with a considerable Party of the People of that Country which Mortimer was Lord of But neither Party venturing to assail the other Prince Lhewelyn with one only Servant retired to a private Grove in a neighbouring Valley there to consult with certain Lords of the Country who had appointed to meet him In the mean time Mortimer descends from the Hill with intention to fall upon Lhewelyn's Men which they perceiving betook themselves to the Bridg called Pont Orewyn and manfully defended the Passage he was to cross Mortimer could effect nothing against them till he had gained the Bridg the River being unpassable and to force them to quit it seemed altogether impracticable But at last the River was discovered to be fordable a little below and so Helias Walwyn was detached with a Party through the River who unexpectedly falling upon the backs of the Defendants easily forced them to leave the Bridg and save themselves by flight Prince Lhewelyn all this while in vain expected the Lords of Buelht and in fine continued to wait so long till Mortimer having passed over the Bridg surrounded the Wood he was in with armed Men. The Prince perceiving himself to be betrayed thought to make his escape to his Men but the English so closely pursued him that before he could come in one Adam Francton not knowing who he was run him through with his Sword being unarmed The Welch still expected the arrival of their Prince and though but a few in number so gallantly maintained their ground that in spight of the far greater number of the English they were at length with much ado put to flight The Battel being over Francton returned to plunder his dead but perceiving him to be the Prince of Wales he thought himself to have obtained a sufficient Prize and thereupon presently chopt off his Head and sent it to King Edward at Conwey who very joyfully caused it to be placed upon the highest Pinacle of the Tower of London And thus fell this worthy Prince the greatest though the last of the British Blood betrayed most basely by the Lords of Buelht and being dead most unworthily dealt with by the King of England who contrary to all Presidents treated a lawful Prince like a Traytor and exposed his crowned Head to the Derision of the Multitude Not long after David the Prince's Brother was delivered up by the Welch themselves and in a Parliament for that purpose assembled at Shrewsbury was condemned to dye his Head to be sent to accompany his Brothers upon the Tower of London and his four Quarters to the four Cities of Bristol Northhampton York and Winchester Then the King for the easier keeping the Welch in due subjection built Two strong Castles in North Wales the one at Conwey and the other at Caernarvon There was none that now stood out besides Rhys Fychan of Ystratywy and he finding David was gone and himself like to do nothing to purpose fairly yielded himself up to the Earl of Hereford who by the King's Orders committed him Prisoner to the Tower of London and so all the Country of Wales became ever since subject to the Crown of England The PRINCES of WALES of English-Blood PRince Lhewelyn and his Brother David being so basely taken off and leaving no body to lay any specious Claim to the Principality of
Deheufraint ap Eidigant ap Endeirn ap Enid ap Endos ap Enddolau ap Afallach ap Afflech ap Beli mawr to whom King Henry the Seventh is Son by Angharad Mother to Ednyfed Fychan in forty Degrees How King Henry the Seventh cometh of Beli mawr by Gwenllian Wife to Ednyfed Fychan and Daughter to the Lord Rhys called Arglwydd Rhys by Issue-Female Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Gwenllian Daughter to Rhys Prince of South-Wales ap Gruffydh Prince 〈◊〉 Rhys Prince ap Tudor mawr Prince ap â—adell Prince ap Rodri mawr Prince of all Wales This Rodri had three Sons and diâ—â—ded the Principality of Wales between them 〈◊〉 three Parts to Merfyn his first Son Prince â—f North-Wales all North-Wales which died â—ithout Issue and Anarawd Prince of Powys â—nd Cadell Prince of South-Wales of whom King Henry the Seventh descendeth by â—wenllian Daughter to Prince Rhys called Arglwydd Rhys Wife to Ednyfed Fychan and â—he said King Henry the Seventh is Son to Rodri mawr in the seventeenth Degree which Rodri mawr was Son to Merfyn first King of Man which wedded Essillt Daughter and Heir â—o Cynan Dyndaethwy This Merfyn frych was Son to Gwriad ap Elidur ap Handdear Alcwn ap Tegid ap Gwiar â—p Dwywc ap Llywarch hên ap Elidur Lydanwin â—p Meirchion ap Grwst ap Cenaw ap Coel â—odeboc King of Britain as before This Coel was King of Britain and Earl of Colchester a â—ight worthy King to whom King Henry the â—eventh is Son by the said Gwenllian Wife to Ednyfed Fychan in the thirty first Degree by â—he said Gittin Owen and Sir John Leia's Books How Owen Grandsire to King Henry the Seventh cometh of Beli mawr by Essillt Daughter to Cynan Dyndaethwy Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Gwenllian Daughter of Prince Rhys ap Gruffydh ap Rhys ap Tudor mawr ap Engion ab Owen ap Howell Dda ap Cadell ap Rodri mawr ap Essillt Daughter of Cynan Dyndaethwy and Heir Prince of Wales ap Rodri Moelwynoc ap Idwal jwrch ap Cadwalader Fendigaid King of all Britain to whom King Henry the Seventh is Son in the twenty second Degree Cadwalader was Son to Cadwallan King ap Cadfan King ap Iago ap Beli ap Rhun ap Maelgwn Gwynedd King ap Casswallan Lawhîr ap Eineoâ—irth ap Cynedda weledig ap Edeirn which wedded Gwawl Ferch Coel Godeboc King which Edeirn was Son to Padarn Peisrydd ap Tegid ap Iago ap Genedawc ap Cain ap Gwrgain ap Doli ap Gwrtholi ap Dufu ap Gorddufu ap Amwerid ap Omwedd ap Diwe Brichwain ap Owen ap Affallach ap Afflech ap Beli mawr to whom King Henry the Seventh is Son by the said Gwenllian in the fiftieth Degree Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Gwenllian Daughter to Arglwydd Rhys Son to Gwenllian Daughter of Gruffydh Prince ap Cynan Prince of North-Wales Son of Iago Prince ap Idwall Prince ap Meuric Prince ap Idwall Foel Prince ap Anarawd Prince ap Rodri mawr Prince of all Wales to whom King Henry the Seventh is Son by Gwenllian Mother to the Arglwydd Rhys in the seventeenth Degree Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Gwenllian Ferch Arglwydd Rhys ap Gwladis Ferch Rhywallâ—n ap Cynfyn Prince of Powys and Angharad Wife to Cynfyn Daughter and Heir to Meredith Prince of Powys Son of Owen Prince of Powys and South-Wales Son to Cadell Prince there Which Owen ap Howell dda had two Sons Meredith and Eineon and Owen their Father gave the Principality of South-Wales to Eineon his Son and the Principality of Powys to Meredith his other Son Which Meredith had Issue Angharad that wedded Cynfyn by whom he was Prince of Powys which Cadell was Son to Rodri mawr Prince of all Wales Son to Merfyn frych c. to Beli mawr as above written by Guttin Owen 's Book Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Gwenllian Ferch Arglwydd Rhys ap Gruffydh ap Rhys ap Tudor ap Eineon ap Eineon ap Howell Dda ap Cadell ap Angharad Wife to Rodri mawr Daughter to Meyric ap Dyfnwal ap Arthen ap Seissillt ap Clydawc ap Artholes ap Arnothen ap Brothan ap Seirwell ap Ussa ap Caredic ap Cwnedda weledic ap Edeirn ap Padarn Peisrydd which Edeirn wedded Gwawl ferch Coel Godeboc Mother to Cwnedda weledyc c. How Owen cometh of Meuryc Lord of Gwent by Morfydd's Daughter Wife to Gronw ap Ednyfed Fychan Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Tudor ap Morfydd Ferch Meuryc L. of Gwent How Owen cometh of Rodri mawr by Angharad Daughter to Ithel Fychan ap Ithel Llwyd and Wife of Tudor ap Gronw ap Ednyfed Fychan Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Angharad ferch Ithel Fychan ap Ithel Llwyd ap Ithel Gam ap Meredith ap Vchdrud ap Edwin King of Tegengle in Flintshire How Owen cometh of Rodri mawr by Adleis Wife to Ithel Fychan Daughter to Ricart Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Angharad Ferch Adleis Wife to Ithel Fychan Daughter to Ricart ap Cadwalader ap Gruffydh ap Kynan Prince of North-Wales ap Iago ap Idwal Foel ap Anarawd ap Rodri Mawr c. All this by Gyttin Owen 's Book How Owen cometh of Beli Mawr by Gwerfill Ferch Madawc o'r hên dwr Wife to Gronw ap Tudor ap Gronw ap Ednysed Fychan Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gwerfill Ferch Madawc o'r hên dwr ap Iers ap Madawc ap Meredith ap Bleddyn ap Kynfin Prince of Powis c. and so to Beli Mawr How Owen cometh to Beli Mawr by the Mother of the said Gwerfill Ferch Madawc Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gwerfill Ferch Madawc o'r hên dwr ap Lleucu Ferch Angharad Ferch Meredith ap Madawc ap Gruffudh Maelor Prince of Powis This Madawc ap Gruffudh Maelor builded the Abby of Valacrucis in Welsh Manachlog Llan Egwestl the Year of our Lord 12â—â— and lyeth there buried and this Gruffudh Maelor was Son to Madawc ap Meredith ap Bleddin ap Cynfin ap Gweristan ap Gwalthfoed ap Gwrydor ap Cariadawc ap Lles Llaw Ddeawc ap Edwal ap Gwnnan ap Gwnnawc Farf Sych ap Keidic ap Corf ap Cadnawc ap Tegonwy ap Teon ap Gwinaf Daufreuddwyd ap Powyr lêw ap Bywdec ap Rhun rhudd baladr ap Llary ap Casfar Wledic ap Lludd ap Beli Mawr King of all England and Wales to whom King Henry the Seventh is Son this way by Ludd in 36 degrees How Owen cometh to Beli Mawr by the Mothers side of Gwerfill Ferch Madawc Owen ap Meredith ap Tudor ap Gwerfill Ferch Eva Ferch Llewelyn ap Gruffydh ap Gwenwynwin ap Owen Cyfeilioc ap Gruff ap Madawc ap Meredith of Powis ap Bleddyn ap Cynfin c. to Beli