of the world worketh death 2 Cor. 7.8.9.10 Motives to Godly sorrow are frequently met with in Scripture For 1. private corruptions 2. publick calamities 3. praevayling pressures and insultations of Satan and his adhaerents to the scandall of christian religion and professon 1. What an heart-breaking was this to David Behold I was shapen in iniquity and in sin did my mother conceive or warme m◠Psal 51.5 Mine iniquities are gone over my head and are a sore burden for me too heavy for me to beare Psal 38 4. Innumerable troubbles are come about me my sins have taken such hold upon me that I am not able to looke up yea they are more in number then the hairs of my head and my heart hath failed me O Lord let it be thy pleasure to deliver me make haste O Lord to help me Psal 40.15 16. When thou with rebukes dost chasten man for sin thou makest his beauty to consume avvay as it vvere a moth fretting of a garment Every man therefore is but vanity Psal 39.12 whence St. Paul bemoans himselfe I delight in the law of God after the inward man Rom. 7. but I see another law in my members warring against the law of my mind bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members O wretched man that I am who shall deliver me from the body of this death sin must needs bring sadnesse to many that proved so odious to God's nature that it ruined the angells bereaved Adam of Gods favour and Paradise could not be expiated but by the son of God who knew no sin yet was made sin for us that we might be made the righteousnes of God in him 2 Cor. 5.21 2. How publick calamities affect the heart with sorrow of all those that are true of heart may be gathered by those passionate passages of Isaiah Look away from me for I will weep bitterly labour not to comfortmè because of the spoyling of the daughter of my people Isa 22.4 Of Jeremy My bowells my bowels I am pained to the very heart The vvall of my heart makes a noyse vvithin we I cannot hold my peace because thou hast heard O my soule the sound of the trumpet the alarm of war Destruction upon destruction is cryed for the vvhole land is spoyled Suddainly are my tents spoyled and my curtaines in a moment Hovv long shall I see the standard and hear the sound of the trumpet For my people is foolish they have not knowen me they are sottish children they have not understanding they are wise to do evill but to do good they have no knowledg Jerem. 4 O that my head were waters and mine eyes a fountain of teares that I might weep day and night for the slain of the daughter of my people Oh that I had in the Wildernesse a lodging place of wayfaring men that I might leave my people and go from them for they be all adulterers an assembly of treacherous men Jer. 9.1 Thus Jerusalem is bemoaned made drunk with the cup of fury that had none of her sons to take her by the hand to guide her of all those she hath brought up but lay as a bull in a net at the head of all the streets Isa 51. 3. Complaints of Sataincall insultations are The ungodly for his own lust doth persecute the poore He is so proud that he careth not for God neither is God in all his thoughts His wayes are always grievous thy judgments are far above out of his sight and therefore defieth he all his enemies For he hath said in his heart Tush I shall never be cast down there shall no harm happen unto me Psal 10. This complaint is taken up again Psal 73. To which satisfaction is given Psal 37. and 49. Jeremy harps upon the same string Wherefore doth the way of the wicked prosper wherefore are they happy that deal very treacherously Thou hast planted them yea they have taken root they grow yea they bring forth fruit Thou art neer in their mouthes but far from their reines But it followes Those that have so trodden downe the Lords portion and desolated the land shall reap Thornes instead of Wheat put themselves to pain without profit For they shall be asham'd of their revenues because of the fierce anger of the Lord Jer. 12. Motives to Zeal Zeal which may be good or bad Good is either 1 for Gods honour 2 house or 3 people The first was of Elias I have been very jealous for the Lord God of hosts because the children have forsaken thy Covenant thrown down thy altars and slain thy people with the sword and I even I onely am left and they seek my life to take it away 1 King 19.14 For this zeal Phineas is commended of God Phineas the son of Eliezar the son of Aaron the priest hath turned my wrath away from the children of Israel while he was zealous for my sake amongst them that I consumed not the children of Israel in my jealousy Num. 25.11 Of this zeal Jehu boasted Come with me and see my zeal for the Lord so they made him ride in his chariot 2 King 10.16 The 2d sort of zeale may be typified in David The zeale of thy house hath eaten me up and the reproaches of them that reproached thee are fallen upon me Psal 69.9 My zeale hath consumed me because mine enemies have forgotten thy words Psal 119.139 But practised by our Saviour when he found in the temple those that sold oxen and sheep and doves and the changers of money sitting He made a scourge of small cords and drove them out of the Temple and the sheep and the oxen and poured out the changers-mony and over-threw the tables and said unto them that sold doves Take these things hence and make not my Fathers house an house of merchandize And the disciples remembred that it was written The zeale of thine house hath caten me up Joh. 2.14 Much different from the zeale of our modern zealots the zeale of whom eateth up God's house 3. For zeale to Gods people The zeale of Moses and St. Paul are notoriously eminent which was seconded by that of that resolute Priest Mattathias who when he saw a Jew sacrificing to idols was inflamed with zeale and his reins trembled neither could he forbeare to shew his anger according to judgment wherefore he ran and slew him upon the altar Also the Kings commissioners who compelled men to sacrifice he killed at that time and the altar he pulled downe Thus dealt he zealously for the law of God as Phineas did to Zambri the son of Salom. 1 Maccab. 1. Bad zeale spendeth it selfe either in Nemesis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Zelotypia 1 revenge 2 rejoycing at others ruines or 3 in impetuous undertakings and pursuances not acording to knowledg Belonging to the first kind was that of Saul for rooting out the Gibeonites 2 Sam. 21.2 And those more then forty that had bound themselves under a curse
that they would neither eate nor drinke till they had slaine Paul Act. 23.12 Haman was sicke of this disease and therefore he thought it scorne to lay hands on Mordecai alone but all the Jewes must be destroyed with him Hest 3.6 All his riches multitude of children advancement above the Peers of the Kingdom affected him little in comparison in his vaunting before his freinds and Zerith his wife yea Hester saith he the Queen lett no man come in with the King to the banquet she had prepared but my selfe and to morrow am I invited unto her also with the King yet all this availeth me nothing so long as I see Mordecai the Jew sitting at the Kings gate Hest 5.13 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Joy in anothers ruines is a zeal which least becometh Christians It was a beseeming thought in furious Jehu that after the tumbling of painted Jezabel down from a window and trampling her under his horses feet from the midst of his cups he could command Go see now this cursed woman and bury her for she is a King's daughter 2 King 9.34 For want of which Edom is sharply taxed For thy violence against thy brother Jacob shame shall cover thee and thou shalt be cut off for ever in the day that thou stooddest on the other side in the day that the stranger carried away his forces captive and forreiners entred into his gates even the wast one of them Obad. 10. Such was â—he rejoycing of the dwellers on the earth over the two Witnesses slain whom they would not suffer to be put in graves but were merry over them and sent gifts one to another because they tormented them that dwelt on the earth 3. Blind zeal Rev. 11.9.10 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 seizeth on any thing putting no difference betwixt good or bad friends or foes This carrieth most commonly with it a mistake in all the rest of the passions as in the 1 of dotage or lust for love 2 Spite to the person or revenge for hatred to the fault In the 3 praesumption despair or groundles credulity is obtruded for hope In the 4 cowardice and needless trembling for fear In the 5 ridculous merriments for true joy In the 6 causeless dejection and melancholly-dumps for grounded sadness Of all which examples from Scripture may be gathered CHAP. VI. Of Characters Descriptions or Idea's I. See that thou make all things according to the pattern shewed to thee in the Mount Exod. 25.40 Act. 7.44 Heb. 8.5 Characters as they come to hand and for the easier remembring of them where the text will bear it may be cast into heptades As God will protect them that call upon him from 1 Wicked men ungodly that feare not God 2 evill that are injurious to men 3 foolish in their practises 4 vaine in their projects 5 lying in their discourses 6 blood-thirsty in their persecutions 7 deceitfull in all their contracts and dealings Psal 5.4 5 6. II. The way of Cain Jude v. 11. consisted of 7 crooked-misleading steps 1 Hypocrisy he would sacrifice as well and readily as Abel 1 Joh. 3.12 2 His aemulating hatred to his brother by reason of his preferred devotion 3 This brought him to murder him 4 which he endeavoureth to slubber over with a surly lye Gen. 4.9 I know not where my brother is am I his keeper 5 his desperation upon conviction without the least remorse but rather grumbles at God's just sentence My punishment is greater than I can beare Thou hast fined me too deep dealt too hardly with me 6 his opposition rather to withstand his punishment then submission to mitigate it and marries gets children builds a citty and names it Enoch to eternize his son's name 7 the profaness of himselfe and his who wholly forsook God and prided themselves in their inventions which is intimated by their contrary course taken by the Setheans who applyed themselves to call on God whom the Cainites had forsaken III. These six things doth the Lord hate and seven are an abhomination 1. A proud look 2. A lying tongue 3. Hands that shead innocent blood 4. An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations 5. Feet that be swift in running to mischiefe 6. A false witness that speaketh lyes 7. And him that soweth discord among brethren Pro. 6. IV. Gen. 4. Marked men for revived offences in our time 1. Cain for fratricide 2. Gen. 9.28 Cham for insulting irreverently on his father's nakednesse 3. Ishmael for flouting Isaac and playing it should seem on his name Gal. 4.29 given by God terming him some such thing as a ridiculous young Master which is called a kind of persecution 4. Korah for rebellious contradiction Num. 16. 5. Saul for usurping the Priests office in sacrificing sparing Amalek against God's expresse command 1 Sam. 13. butchering innocent Abimelech and all the inhabitants of Nob the city of the Priests 6. Ahaz for Sacriledge and continued Idolatry when Gods hand was upon him with this Character set upon him This that King Ahaz 7. Zedekiah for perjury and neglecting Gods Prophets 2 Chron. 28. 2 Chron. 26. V. Sin 's genealogy 1. Suggestion from Satan 2. Delectation was pleasant 3. Consent she took it 4. Act did eate 5. Contagion gave her houseband 6. Horrour of Conscience saw their nakednesse feared hid themselves 7. Censure of punishment because thou hast done this VI. Practises of the Jewes against their owne in the fury of their ignorant zeal 1. They killed the Lord Jesus 2. And their owne Prophets 3. Persecuted the Apostles 4. Please not God 5. Are contrary to all men 6. Forbidding to the Gentiles deceived that they might be saved 7. Fill up the measure of their sins to the brim that the wrath of God may come upon them at the utmost 1 Thes 2.15 16. VII A representation of the Divine Majesty I saw the Lord sitting upon a 1. Throne high and lifted up which is applyed to Christ Joh. 12. above it stood the 2. Seraphims each one had 3. six wings with twain He covered his face and with twaine he did fly and 4. cryed one to another and said 5. Holy holy holy is the Lord of hosts the whole earth is full of his glory and the posts of the door moved at him that cried and the house was filled with smoak Isa 6. VIII A larger representation to Ezechiel in 1 four living creatures each having the likenesse of a man with 4 faces Of a man a Lion an Ox an Eagle 2. fourwings to shew their swiftnesse 3. Sparkling calves feet like burnishing brasse 4. Hands of a man under their wings on their four sides 5. Four wheels animated one with in another full of eyes 6. A throne of Saphire arched with a Rain-bow 7. Upon the likenesse of the Throne was the likenesse of the appearance of a man upon it IX Rev. 1.13 Our Saviour is set forth by his 1. Attire a garment down to the foot girt about
gentem Ad ditur ad finem fine exclamationis notâ Epiphonema or sententious closure relating to premises of consequence Thus they provoked him to anger with their owne inventions and the plague was great amongst them Psal 106.29 Thus were they stain'd with their owne works and went a whoring after their own inventions ib. 38. Thus they turned the glory of God into the similitude of a calfe that eateth hey Ib. 20. Thus Joash the King remembred not the kindnesse which Jehojada his father had done unto him but slew his son and vvhen he died he said The Lord look upon it and require it 2 Chron. 24.22 * Quasi 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Libertas loquendi Parrhesia an assumed freedom of speech vvhich is commonly ushered in vvith an excusing praeface Men and brethren let me freely speak unto you of the patriarch David that he is both dead and buried and his sepulcher vvith us this day Act. 2.29 We cannot but speak the things vvhich vve have both seen and heard Ib. 4.20 the King knoweth of these things before whom I speak 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 freely For I am perswaded that none of these things are hidden from him for this thing was not done in a corner Act. 26.26 * Correctio quae tollit id quod dictum est pro eo id quod magis idoneum videtur reponit Author ad Heren Called by the Greeks likewise 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Epanorthosis Epanorthosis doth in some sort qualifie that which hath as we make it slipped from us or drowneth somewhat which we would have understood though not uttered Can a woman forget her sucking child that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb Yea they may forget yet will not I forget thee Esa 49.15 Father save me from this hour but for this cause came I into the world Joh. 12.27 I laboured more abundantly then they all yet not I but the grace of God which was with me 1 Cor. 15.10 I marvell that you are so soon removed from him that called you into the grace of Christ unto another Gospell which is not another But there be some that trouble you and would pervert the gospell of Christ Gal. 1.6 7. Attendant to this is * Reticentia Cicer. Obticentia Celsus Called by others Interruptio because the thred of discourse is broken off Virgil. Quos ego sed motos praestat componere fluctus Used 1. To expresse anger Quem quidem ego si sensero sed quid opus est verbis Plaut 2. Fear Virgil. Neque vincere certo Quanquam O sed superent quibus hoe Neptune dedisti 3. An high passion of grief Tu autem Jehova quousque Psal 6.4 Aposiopesis when somewhat is left to be gathered by a breaking off abruptly Oh this people have sinned a great sin and made them gods of gold yet now if thou wilt forgive them their sin It is too much for me to ask but thy infinite mercy may afford it if not blot me out I pray thee of the book which thou hast written Exod. 32. To whom I sware in my wrath if they should enter into my rest left to be understood Let not me be trusted any more upon oath If thou hadst known even at least in this thy day the things which belong unto thy peace thou wouldst have taken better courses or the like but now they are hid from thine eyes Luk. 19.42 * Aversio sermo aversus because the scene of speech is changed and directed to another Apostrophe Apostrophe in a continuate speech turns from the hearers or matter present and bespeaks a thing or person absent or present by the By. So David in lamenting the death of Saul and Jonathan le ts fly an imprecation upon the place where they were slain Ye mountains of Gilboa let there be no dew nor let there be rain upon you nor fields of offerings for there the shield of the Mighty is vilely cast away the shield of Saul as though he had not been annointed with oyle 2 Sam. 1.21 So in declaring Israel's exodus from Egypt he bespeaks the sea and Jordan with the mountains and earth it self What aileth thee O thou sea that thou fleddest c. Psal 114.5 So Isaiah makes the heavens and earth his auditors Hear O heaven and give ear O earth for the Lord hath spoken I have nourished and brought up children and they have rebelled against me Isa 1.2 Baldnesse is come upon Gaza Askalon is cut off with the remnant of their valley how long wilt thou cut thy self O thou sword of the Lord how long will it be ere thou be quiet Put up thy self into thy scabbard rest and be still Jer. 47.6 In the 24th Psalm upon profession that although The earth be the Lords with all the fulnesse and inhabitants of the world yet because all have not that share in it as the Israelites God's favourites Deut. 10.14 15 the Prophet breaks out by an high Apostrophe to the Gates for enlarging themselves to entertain the Ark of God Lift up your heads O ye gates and be ye lift up ye everlasting doors and the King of glory shall come in Twice repeated that the compellation of the senslesse gates might make the deeper impression for opening to Christ knocking at the door of our hearts And this sort of Apostrophe to senssesse creatures is often met with in other Authors But two other besides the one to God the other to our own souls are peculiar in a manner to Scripture-Rhetorick Apostrophe to God 1. by Petition 2. Complaint 3. Praises 4. Thanksgiving 5. Detestation of opposites 6. Stirring up our selves 7. Inciting others and inviting Thus upon a narration of Gods wonderfull conducting the Israelites out of Egypt the Prophet raiseth a most patheticall Apostrophe Look down from heaven and behold from the habitation of thy holinesse and of thy glory Where is thy zeal and thy strength the sounding of thy bowells and thy mercies towards me are they restrained Doubtlesse thou art our Father O Lord why hast thou made us to erre from thy waies and hardened our hearts from thy fear by leaving us to putrifie in our own corruptions O that thou wouldest rend the heavens Behold thou art wroth for we have sinned Isa 63. Such are those of blessed King Charles worthy of all imitation Apostrophe to our own selves are termed Soliloquies seldom found out of Scripture So The river of Kishon swept them away that antient river the river of Kishon O my soul thou hast trodden down strength Judg. 5.21 In such a Soliloquy David cheareth up himself Why art thou so vexed O my soul and why art thou so disquieted in me O put thy trust in God for I will yet thank him which is the help of my countenance and my God Psal 42.14 So Praise the Lord O my soul and all that is within me praise his holy name Psal 103. So 104.