Daughter of Sir Edmund Bell left issue three sons Gentlemen of signall accomplishments Heneage Finch Esquire of the Inner Temple London first son a Person of eminent abilities and candid integrity Francis Finch of the same House Barrester at Law second Son and John Finch third son hopefull and ingenious branches of this Noble Family Of this Family is also Sir John Finch Knight sometime Lord Keeper of the great Seal of England created Lord Finch of Fordwich the sixteenth of King Charles living 1659. son of Sir Henry Finch Knight second Brother of Sir Moyle above mentioned The Atchievement of an Earle HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE VIRTVTIS LAVS ACTIO THis Atchievement thus marshalled is here set forth for the peculiar Ensigns of the Right Noble and truly Honourable Thomas Howard Earle of Arundell and Surrey Primier Earle of England Earle Marshall of the same Kingdom Lord Howard Mowbray Segrave Brus of Gower Fitz-Alan Clun Oswaldstre and Mautravers Knight of the most Noble order of the Garter and one of the Lords of his Majesties most honourable Privy Councel which noble Lord beareth Quarterly eight Coats The first whereof is Ruby on a Bend between six crosse croslets fitchee Pearl an Escocheon Topaz thereon a demy Lyon pierced through the mouth with an Arrow within a double Tressure counter-flowred of the first and is the paternall Coat of the noble flourishing Family of the Howards The second is Ruby Three Lyons passant gardant Topaz in chief a File of three points Pearl which was the Coat-armour of the Lord Thomas of Brotherton fifth son of King Edward the first and Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk The third is Checkey Topaz and Saphire which was the peculiar Armoriall Ensigns of the Earls of Warren The fourth is Ruby a Lyon Rampand Pearl Armed and Langued Saphire by the name of Mowbray The fifth is Ruby a Lyon Rampand Or Armed and Langued of the first by the name of Albaney The sixth is Pearl a Chief Saphire by the name of Clun The seventh is Diamond a Fret Topaz by the name of Mautravers The eighth is Pearl a Fesse and Canton Ruby by the name Woodvile all within the Garter And above the same upon an Helme a mantle Ruby doubled Ermine next upon which is placed on a mount Emerald within a Torce Topaz and Ruby a Horse passant Pearl holding in his mouth a slip of an Oake fructed Proper supported on the dexter side with a Lyon and on the sinister with an Horse both Pearl the last holding in his mouth an Oaken slip fructed Proper And for his Motto to make the same Atchievement absolute these words in a Scrole VIRTUTIS LAUS ACTIO This Atchievement is here proposed as instar Omnium for a patern of the Coat-Armours of Earls of which this Noble Lord is the Primier of England and therefore is his Lordships Atchievement the fittest to be here demonstrated besides whose Coat-Armour could more properly challenge a due place in a work of this nature than his who is not onely by his office of Earl Marshall proper Judge of Honour and Arms but also in his affection the most Honoured Maecenas and Noble Patron as of all learning in generall so more particularly of this of Armory which Earl some years since deceasing left these honours to Henry his eldest son who by Elizabeth Sister of James Stuart late Duke of Richmond and Lennox has left a hopefull issue viz. Thomas Earl of Arundel c. Henry second son in whom are concentred the Loyalty Courage Learning Generosity and what has else exalted the reputation of his Ancestors in the Kingdom Philip third son Charles fourth son Edward fifth son Francis sixth son and Bernard seventh son all living 1660. Of Earls The Title of an Earl is very ancient the dignity very honourable their calling being in sign of their greatness adorned with the lustre of a Coronet and themselves enobled with the stile of Princes Comites among the Ancient Romans were Counsellors and near Adherents to their highest Commanders which honour and Title being then but temporary and for life The flowers and points of a Marquess his Coronet are of even height The pearled points of the Earls Coronet are much longer than the intermixt flowers thereof is since by tract of time made perpetuall and hereditary The Saxons called them Ealdermen the Danes Earls they being as may seem at first selected out of the rest of the Nobility for commendation of their Gravity Wisdom and Experience The next degree above an Earl is a Marquess whose Atchievement I have omitted in respect that the same is chiefly differenced from that of an Earls in this that the Marquess his Coronet is Meslee that is part flowred and part Pyramidall pearled the flowers and points of equall height and the Earles is Pyramidall pointed and pearled having flowers intermixt but much shorter than the pearled points PIE REPONE TE THis is the Atchievement of the Right Honourable Henry Marquess of Dorchester Earl of Kingston upon Hull Viscount Newarke Lord Pierrepont and Maunvers and Herris and is thus blazoned His Lordship bears eight Coats quarterly First Pearle semy de Cinquefoiles Ruby a Lyon Rampant Diamond by the name of the Lord Pierrepont Secondly Pearl six Annulets Diamond by the name of the Lord Maunvers Thirdly Saphire three Hedg-hoggs Topaz by the name of the Lord Herris Fourthly Diamond a Lion Rampant Pearle Crowned Topaz which is the bearing of Lord Segrave Fiftly Ruby a Lion within a bordure Engrailed Topaz by the name of Rees ap Teuder Prince of South-Wales Sixtly Diamond three garbes Pearl being the Coat of the King of Lemster Seventhly Ruby three wheat sheaves Topaz a bordure of Scotland by the name of Coming Earle of Northumberland Eightly Ruby a lion rampant a la double queve Pearle by the name of the Lord Mantfort Earle of Lycester for his Crest on a helmet placed on a Marquesses crowne a Torce or Wreath of his colours thereon a Fox passant Ruby supported by two Lyons Diamond mantled Ruby doubled Ermine his motto PIE REPONE TE This noble Person not more illustrious by his quality then by the Advantages of nature and industry the great assertor of Learning in this Nation decended from a noble family of signall eminence out of which is Robert de Petraponte sive Pierpont who was cal'd by writ among the Peers of England to the Parliament by King Edw. 3. and afterwards in process of time Robert Pierpont was Created Viscount Newarke and Lord Pierpont afterwards Created Earle of Kingston upon Hull after whose death our Soveraign King Charles conferd the honour of Marquess of Dorchester on Henry Earle of Kingston his Son the present Inheritor of these Titles ennobled also by his Mother who was Gertrude Daughter and Coheir of Henry Talbot Son of George and brother to Gilbert Earle of Shrewsbury Lord Talbot Strange Furnivall Verdon and Lovetoft FOY POVR DEVOIR THis is the Atchievement of the Right Honourable William Seymour
ad eorum aspectum bellatores dividantur uniantur For like as a Ship is guided in the surging Seas by the Sterne or Ruther even so are the Souldiers ordered in their Martiall exploits by their Standard or Ensigne The other sorts of Ensignes 2 Sort. God calleth Signa secundum domum Majorum suoâ—um whereby is meant if I be not deceived the particular Ensignes or Tokâ—ns of each particular Family and of the particular persons of each Family For so doe I understand that exposition of Lyra upon the same place Lyra. Signa propria sunt in vestibus scutis quibus bellatores mutuo se cognoscunt suos ab Adversariis distinguunâ— But here we must put a difference between these words Arma Insignia and we must seperate those things that are proper to Armes from such as pertain to Ensignâ—s Armes therefore being taken in the largest sense as I have hitherto in this Discourse used the word may be said to be either Publick or Private Such are said to be publick Armes as have some Soveraign Authority or Jurisdiction annexed to them Of the first sort are such Armes as are borne by Emperours Kings and absolute Princes and free Estates having Soveraign authority and power within their severall Empires and Kingdoms and Territories These in propriety of speech cannot be aptly said to be the Armes of their Stock or Family whereof they are descended but doe rather represent the nature of Ensignes than of Armes in regard of the publick authority to them annexed As also in respect that whosoever shall succeed them in those supream governments shall bear the same Armes as the expresse notes and testimonies of such their severall jurisdictions though they be extracted from Aliens or forrain Families For so neither is the Eagle the peculiar Armes of the house of Austria nor the Lions of the Family of Plantagenet nor the Flowers de Lis of the house of Valoys And these Armes or Ensignes may no man else bear or yet mark his goods withall unlesse it be that in token of loyalty he will set up the Kings Armes in his house and place his own Armes underneath And there are certain Ensignes of dignity and office which every man having the same dignity or office may lawfully bear as the Ensignes of a Proconsull the Ensignes of a Bishop And these are peculiar to those onely that have the exercising of such dignity or office if any other shall usurp the bearing or use of them he incurreth the crime of forgery Private Armes are such as are proper to private Persons whether they be numbred in ranck of the greater Nobility as Dukes Marquesses Earles Viscounts and Barons having no Soveraign or absolute power or of the lesser Nobility or Gentry Knights Esquires and Gentlemen neither yet are they Ensignes of any ordinary dignity but peculiar to their Family and may be infinitely transferred to their posterity For Armes or Armoriall tokens pertaining to some particular Family doe descend to every peculiar person extracted from the same Agnation whether they be heirs to their father or Grandfather or not Sometimes the Bearers of these do so greatly multiply as that they are constrained for distinction sake to annex some apposition over and above their paternall Coat to them descended for differencing the persons Quod licitum est sicut nomini addere praenomen which they may no lesse lawfully doe than to adde a Christian name to a Surname to distinguish two Children issued from one parent These Armes are sometimes composed of naturall things as of some kind of Celestiall bodies viz. of the Sun Moon Stars c. Sometimes of four footed Beasts or of Birds or of Serpents or of Fishes or some other Reptiles or else of some kind of Vegetables as Trees Shrubs Flowers Fruits Leaves c. Or else of some solid things as Castles Towers Mountains c. Or of things pertaining to Arts Liberall or trades Mechanicall c. Sometimes again they are compact of none of these but doe consist onely of the variations of simple Colours counter-changed by occasion of transverse perpendicular or whatsoever other Line used in Coat-Armour whether the same be Streight Crooked Bunched c. Whereby passing through the Escocheon either traverse oblique or direct the colours become transmuted or counter-changed of all which I have occasion to speak hereafter in their particular places Armes a token of propriety If question happen to arise touching the right of some desolate place or ruinated building if in digging up the ruines or taking up of the foundation thereof there be found any known Coat-Armour the questioned place shall be adjudged to appertain to that Family to whom that Coat-Armour belongeth Arms defaced If any man be attainted or convicted of Treason for betraying his Country or of Heresie to the end he should be branded with a greater note of infamy his Armes are rased broken down and utterly defaced Armes intâ—rred with the Corpes Sometimes it falleth out that if a noble Family be extinguished by the death of the last of the same deceasing without issue whereby the bearing of the Armes proper to that Lineage is from thenceforth abolished The Armes are interred in the grave together with the corps of the defunct Opinion of some concerning the Antiquity of Arms. After long tract of time these tokens which we call Armes became remunerations for service and were bestowed by Emperours Kings and Princes and their Generalls and chief Commanders in the field upon Martiall men whose valorous merits even in justice required due recompence of honour answerable unto their worthy acts the remembrance whereof could not better be preserved and derived unto posterity than by these kindes of honourable rewards The first we read of that made this use of them was Alexander the Great being moved thereunto by the perswasion of Aristotle his Schoole-master who having observed his magnificent mind in rewarding his Souldiers to the full of their deserts did at length prevaile with him so much as that he caused him to turn the Current of his bounty another way and to recompence his Souldiers with these markes or tokens of honour which he bestowed on them as hereditary testimonies of their glorious merits In later Ages Charles the fourth the Emperour gave Armes also unto learned men and such as had performed any memorable service or excellent work therefore Bartholus being a most expert man in the Lawes and one of the Councell of the said Charles the fourth received in reward for his Armes from the said Emperour this Coat-Armour viz. Or a Lion rampant his taile forked Gules which afterward descended successively to his children and posterity But Bartholus though he were a most singular and perfect Civilian because he was unexperienced in Martiall discipline durst not at first assume the bearing of those Armes But afterwards upon better advise he bare them knowing how unfit it was to refuse a reward given by so
other are Domesticall and Sociable as Dogs of all sorts of which I will first intreat because the Dog whether it be for pleasure and Game in field or for thrift and guard at home deserveth a very high estimation and of all Dogs those of chase are most in use in Armory whereof some prosecute their prey speedily others more leasurably of the first sort is the Greyhound as in example Note that it appeareth in an old Manuscript treating of blazon that a Greyhound cannot properly be termed Rampand for it is contrary to his kind to appear so fierce as the Author there writeth in his said book now remaining in the custody of that worthy Knight Sir William Seger Garter Principall King of Armes whose great study and travell in this Heraldicall Art hath by his own works already published been sufficiently manifest To these must be added all other fourefooted beasts that are provident in acquiring their food as the Hedghog and such other It resteth that I should now give example of the last sort of beasts among them of Savage kinde before spoken of which are those timerous and fearefull nature Such are these that follow and their like And hitherto we have handled such Terrestriall Animals onely as are called Vivipara because they do bring forth Living creatures whereas the other Terrestrials do bring forth Egs and are therefore named Ovipara of which sort we will speak in the next place SECT III. CHAP. XVII THis other sort of four footed Egge-bearing Animals as I may so terme them notwithstanding that in many things they have no small resemblance with man aswell touching the faculties of the Vegetable soule as also the parts of the body yet are they farre more unlike us than those that bring forth a living Creature And albeit that these Egge-breeding four footed Animals do consist of the same bodily parts that the Vivipara or Animal-producing doe and of the foure humors that are answerable in quality to the foure Elements and have all parts as well internall as externall senses and many other things wherein they doe communicate with the Vivipara yet are there many other things wherein they differ not only from these but also even amongst themselves one from another of them For neither doe we finde in these that quicknesse of wit that we observe in others neither like parts of strength of Body that the other have Like as man especially in his soule approacheth neer unto God in likenesse so in like manner doe other Animals resemble man wherein they doe participate with man in likenesse after some sort but in diverse degrees forasmuch as some of them have more and some lesse likenesse with us than others have There is not saith Beda amongst the Universall workes of nature any one thing so little or of so base esteeme wherein a man cannot finde some divine thing worthy of admiration No lesse saith Farnesius may we admire the force of a silly Flea than the hugenesse and strength of an Elephant Not without reason doth the Husband man prognosticate the approach of some great shower of Raine by the croaking of Frogges more frequent than usuall whereupon he saith that they doe cry for Raine For this observation is grounded upon a Physicall reason Omne enim simile gaudet suo simili suae naturae utili ac convenienti Every like is delighted with his like and with that which is commodious and agreeable to his nature Sithence then that Frogges are exceedingly delighted with water as with that which best agreeth with their nature therefore when they doe apprehend a fore-sence of Raine they doe rejoyce and doe testifie their joy by singing after their manner Animals of base esteeme and of no industry have for the most part not onely foure but manifold Feet whereby we are admonished that perverse and evill diposed persons have multiplicities of affections in respect that by the motion of the Feet our bodies are perduced from place to place so doe our affections transfer us from one delight to another according to that saying Pes meus affectus meus eo feror quocunque feror Though some perhaps may esteem these Egge bearing Animals unworthy the dignity of Coat-Armour yet for my own part I hold their bearing to be no lesse Honourable than many of those that in common estimation are reputed far more worthy insomuch that they may well beseem the bearing of the greatest Potentate For if it pleased the Soveraign King of Kings to use them as his speciall instruments to chastise the stubbornnesse of such as rebelled against his Ordinance and to arme those his minute and weak creatures with such an incredible boldnesse as that they feared not the face or forces of men but that the very Frogs entred the houses and chambers of the Aegyptians upon the people into their Ovens and into their kneading Troughes yea even into King Pharaohs Chamber and upon his Bed Moreover if God hath vouchsafed to give to the Grashopper the Canker-worme the Catterpiller and the Palmer-worm the honourable title of his huge great Army why should we prize them at so low a rate as that we should disdain to bear them in Coat-Armour Sithence God saith by the Prophet Joel I will render you the yeers which the Grashopper hath eaten the Canker-worme and the Catterpiller and the Palmer-worm my great Host which I sent among you It is therefore to be observed that they also have their actions not to be omitted in Blazon albeit not in that variable manner nor yet so copious as some others And because they are far different from those formermerly handled not onely in shape but also in the manner of their living in their gate and actions therefore must they receive a divers manner of Blazon They are called in Latine Reptilia or Creeping things Quia reptant super terram and here we must distinguish between those things quae reptant which Creep as Frogs Ants c. and those quae serpunt which glide as Snakes which latter kind we shall speak of afterward But here we mention those Reptiles which are Gressible such as by means of their feet are able to go step by step from one place to another so termed à gradiendo which is proceeding by degrees and hitherto also are referred such as by skipping mounting or leaping raise their bodies above ground and so alter their station place or seat Of which kinds some have four feet some have more Such as have four feet only are these that follow with their like I have omitted in my second Edition that Escocheon Sol charged with three Toades erected Saturne which according to some Authors was the Coat Armour of the ancient Kings of France because since my first Edition I find great variety of opinions concerning this matter of which I have given a touch in the first Chapter of the first Sect. page 5. And in liew thereof I do present you with the Ancient Coat-Armour of the same
to your left So then accounting the coat to be his that weareth it you cannot erre in your judgement touching the true distinction of the dexter side of the Escocheon that is due to the man as to the more worthy from the sinister part that is allotted to the woman or the inferiour The manner of such impaling of coat-armours of distinct Families as Baron and Femme by persons Temporall is diverse from this before mentioned for they do evermore give the preheminence of the dexter side to the man leaving the sinister to the woman as in example If these were not hereditary coat-armours yet should they have this form of Marshalling and none other because the same is common as well to single marriages having no hereditary possessions as to those that be hereditary Prerogative of hereditary Coats Onely in this these have a prerogative which the other have not that the baron having received issue by his Femme it is in his choyce whether he will still bear her coat in this sort or else in an inescocheon upon his own because he pretendeth God giving life to such his issue to bear the same coat of his Wife to him and to his heirs for which cause this Escocheon thus borne Escocheon of pretence why so called is called an Escocheon of pretence Moreover the heir of these two inheritors shall bear these two hereditary coats of his Father and Mother to himself and his heirs quarterly to shew that the inheritance aswell of the possessions as of the coat-armours are invested in them and their posterity whereas if the Wife be no heir neither her husband nor child shall have further to do with her coat than to set up the same in their house Pale-wayes after the foresaid manner so to continue the memoriall of the fathers match with such a family Example whereof behold in this Escocheon following He beareth two coats quarterly as followeth The first is Argent a Lyon Rampand Ermines gorged with a collar Or langued and armed Gules by the name of Guillim The second is Pale-wayes of six Argent and Sable on a bend Or three Pheons of the second the third as the second the fourth as the first by the name of Hatheway And in this manner shall you blazon all coats of like bearing as in example Sir Thomas Hussey of Hemington in Com. Lin. Baronet bears these Coats but the Crosse commonly in the first place Sir William Hussey Justice of the Kings Bench temp Edw. 4. bare both Coats Alternatim he was Father of the Lord John Hussey and of Sir Giles Hussey from whom these are descended And sometimes you shall find four severall Coats borne quarterly for the reason aforesaid as in example This form of bearing divers Coats marshalled together in one Escocheon impaled as aforesaid was in use neer hand within a thousand years sithence within the Realm of France as appeareth by Frances de Rosiers lib. Stemmatum Lotharingiae Fran. Rosiers in Exempl diplomat divers Caesar Reg. Princ. fo 2. where amongst many Trnascripts of Kings Charters made to religious Houses under their Seals of Arms he mentioneth one made by Dagoberi King of France to Modoaldus Archbishop of Trevers for the Cell of Saint Maurice of Toledo in Spain which Charter was sealed with three Seals Anno Dom. 622. His words are thse Hoc diploma tribus sigillis firmatum est primo aureo Dagoberti which was as he had formerly described it habens insculptum scutum liliis plenum secundo cereo Cuniberti tertio etiam cereo Clodulphi in quo est scutum partitum impressum prior pars decorata cruce ac Escarbocle seu Carbunculo altera fascia Dat. Kal. Maii Anno Dominicae incarnationis 622. Bearing of many Coat-Armours Concerning the orderly bearing of such Coat-Armours Paleways in one Eschocheon note that Gerard Leigh making mention of the marshalling of divers Femmes with one Baron saith If a man do mary two wives they shall be both placed on the left side in the same Escocheon with him as parted per pale The first wives Coat shall stand on the Chief part and the second on the Base Or he may set them both in pale with his own the first wives Coat next to himself and his second uttermost And if he have three wives then the two first matches shall stand on the Chief part and the third shall have the whole Base And if he have a fourth wife she must participate the one half of the Base with the third wife and so will they seem to be so many Coats quartered But here you must observe that those forms of impalings are meant of hereditary Coats whereby the Husband stood in expectancy of advancing his Family through the possibility of reciving issue that so those hereditary possessions of his wife might be united to his own Patrimony It was an ancient way of impaling to take half the Husbands Coat and with that to joyn as much of the wives as appeareth in an old Roll wherein the three Lions being the Arms of England are dimidiated and impaled with half the Pales of Arragon The like hath also been practised with quartered Coats by leaving out half of them as in example And for the antiquity of bearing divers coats quartered in one Eschocheon the same Author Quarterly bearing misliked Francis de Rosiers reciteth a Charter of Renate King of Angiers Sicilie and Jerusalem c. Concerning his receiving of the brethren of the Monastery named Belprey into his protection Actum Nanceii Anno 1435. adding in the end thereof these words Arma Aragoniae Siciliae Hierusalem Andes Whereby if I mistake him not he gives us to understand that his Seal of Arms did comprehend all these coats born togother quarterly in one Escocheon because he holdeth the same form of description of Seals of that kind throughout all his collection of Charters As touching this quarterly bearing of many coats pertaining to sundry Families together in one Escocheon William Wicley doth utterly mislike it Antiquity of quartering holding the same to be better befitting a Pedegree to be locked up in a Chest as an evidence serving for approbation of the alliances of Families or inducements to title of Lands rather then multitudes of them should be heaped together in or upon any thing ordained for military use For Banners Standards and other like martiall Ensigns were ordained for no other use but for a Commander to lead or be known by in the field to which purpose these marks should be made apparant and easie to be discerned which cannot be where many coats are thronged together and so become unfit to the field and therefore to be abolished of Commanders In what case the same is admitted Only he holdeth it expedient that a Prince or Noble man having title to some Countrey for the obtaining whereof he is enforced to make war should shew forth his Standard of the Arms of that Country quartered with
Chaucer Of this kind of habit the famous Sir Geffery Chaucer maketh mention in the Knights Tale where treating of the adventures of Palemon and Arcite for the love of Emely the Dukes daughter of Athens he describeth the habits and ornaments of the Kings that accompanied them to the lists of the Combate where of Demetrius King of India he saith that he Came riding like the God of Arms Mars His Coat-Armour was of cloth of Thrace Couch'd with Pearl white round and great His Saddle was of burnisht gold newly beat A Mantle on his shoulders hanging Beat full of Rubies red as fire sparkling Where I collect that this Mantle here mentioned was worn for the purposes formerly spoken and that in the hanging thereof from the shoulders of Demetrius it did cast it self into many plaits as naturally all garments of large size do which form of plaiting in the Art of Painting is termed Drapery Wolfang Lazius speaking of this kind of habit calleth the same Chlamys mantuelis saying Chlamys mantuelis recensetur itidem a Tribellio inter dona militaria a Galieno Claudio qui post fuit Angustus data Zanchius ait De nostris Parthicis paria tria singilones Dalmatenses decem Chlamydem Dardaniam Mantuelem unam Wolf Lazius lib comet Republ Rom. 8. This sort of habit have some Authors called Toga Militaris and other Lacerna Ego vero saith Lazius togam militarem eandem cum Lacerna extitisse autumo As we shewed a difference of Helmets used in the garnishing of Atchievments of persons of different estate and dignity so it may seem there hath been in ancient time a diverse form of Mantling used for the difference betwixt Nobiles majores and minores For Franc. Franc. de Ros Lib. stem Lotharing fol. 17. de Rosiers mentioning the Charter of Charles the second Duke of Lorrain to the Abby of Belprey 1420. he saith concerning the Seal thereof Portat in Tymbre Aquilam cum paludamento Ducali whereby we may probably gather that Dukes in those days and in that place had a different form of mantleing from persons of inferiour degrees But in these things each Nation for the most part hath some custom peculiar to it self Rodolph Duke of Lorrain son of Frederick the third was the first that bare his Arms Tymbered as the same Author affirmeth saying Hic Princeps fuit Primus qui portavit Arma cum Galea Tymbrata ut patet in literis ejus aliorum ducum But I suppose the generality of these words must be restrained to that particular place For Wolf Lazius seemeth to affirm that such a form of bearing hath been anciently used amongst the Romanes where he saith Wolf Lazius lib. 9. Atque hactenus de Christis quae in majorum nostrorum insignibus magis ad Romanum similitudinem accedere arbitror sic ea cum pictura nostra in frontispicio operis contuleris Neither hath this habit escaped Transformation but hath passed through the forge of phanaticall conceit as well as those Helmets before handled in so much as besides the bare name there remaineth neither shape or shadow of a Mantle For how can it be imagined that a piece of cloth or of whatsoever other stuff that is jagged and frownced after the manner of our now common received Mantleings used for the adoring of Atchievments being imposed upon the shoulders of a man should serve him to any of the purposes for which Mantles were ordained So that these being compared with those may be more fitly termed flourishings then mantlings But as they are used in Atchievments whether you call them mantles Habits in blazon called doublings or flourishings they are evermore said in Blazon to be doubled that is lined throughout with some one of the Furs before handled in the first Section of this Work as well of those Furs that do consist of more colours then one as of those that be single and unmixt For so the Romans used to wear their cloaks or mantles lined throughout sometimes with one coloured fur and other whiles with furs of variable colours whereof they were called Robes furred with divers colours Depictae penulae of which latter sort Alex. ab Alex. speaketh saying Tametsi legamus Caligulam depictas penulas saepe induisse and Lazius Alex ab Alex. lib. 5. Gen. dier Wolf Lazius lib. 8. in comment Rei Rom. Why called penulae pictae Penula picta loscivioris vitae imperatoribus in usu fuit whereof he giveth an instance out of Tranquillus who saith of Caligula that he was saepe depictis gemmatissque penulis indutus These were called depictae penulae because of the variety of the coloured skins wherewith they were furred or lined which made a shew as if those doublings or linings had been painted Some of those doublings are of rare use at these days which have been more frequent in former times as I find in the Church of Gravenest in the County of Bedford in a window a mantle Sable doubled Verrey Next to the Mantle the Cognisance doth arrogate the highest place Cognisance how placed and is seated upon the most eminent part of the Helmet but yet so as that it admitteth an interposition of some Escroll Wreath Chapeau Crown c. And it is called a Cognisance à cognoscendo because by them such persons as do wear them are manifestly known whose servants they are They are also called crests of the Latine word Crista which signifieth a comb or tuft Whereof called cristae such as many birds have upon their heads as the Peacock Lapwing Lark Hethcock Feasant Rust-cock c. And as those do occupy the highest part of the heads of these fowles so do these cognisances or crests hold the most perspicuous place of the Helmet as by the examples following shall appear in their due place Concerning the use of these cognisances or crests amongst the Romanes Wolfang Lazius Comment Reipub. Rom. lib. 9 pag. 35. Lazius having spoken of shields and the garnishing of them with portraitures of living things hath these words Hactenus de clypeorum pictura sive sculptura Romanae Reipub. celebrata unde nimirum nostras caelaturas in his clypeis quas Wappas dicunt profectas credendum est Jam enim Galeas illa quoque atque coronas supra positas cum cristis atque avium alis representabat But that the wearing of such crests was common to other Nations as well as the Romans Alex. ab Alex. sheweth Variety of crests affirming that the Almaines and the Cymbrians used helmets wrought about with shapes of hideous gaping Animals The Carians had Rust-cocks for their crests Alexander Magnus did inviron his helmet with a gallant Plume of purest white The Galathians bare sometimes horns The Galatians Trojans Mysians Thracians and other whiles the shapes of living things The Trojanes Mysians and Thracians bare upon their brazen helmets the ears and horns of an Oxe Amongst the rest saith he that
of Covidius the Centurion which he used in the battel that he had against the Mysians was holden to be admirable that he bare upon his helmet a cup that one while did flash out flames of fire and other whiles would suck them in Many more examples could I give to prove as well the antiquity as the generall use of crests but holding this to be sufficient I will now proceed to give examples of things that are interposed between the mantle and the crest beginning with those of the inferiour reckoning and so to those of better worth and estimation HAving omitted in the former Sections some bearings of signall Note and Augmentations of honour bestowed for eminent service and some Presidents of bearing I have thought fit here to insert them though not in so good Method as I could wish and first I shall take notice of an eminent Addition the originall Patent being lately in my hands I shall in the next place shew you an example of a Gentleman bearing the Coat-armour of the Company he is free of impaled with his own wherein note that were he not of that quality yet he might bear the Coat of his Company in Seal Escocheon or otherwise I shall here not think it unnecessary to give you an account of the four Innes of Court or Collegia Juris consultorum being the head or chief of the residue which are called Innes of Chancery of whose Originall suppression opulency and other matters of moment I refer you to the survey of London Wevers funerall Monuments and others I shall onely give you an account of their Symbols or Arms and first of the two Temples of whom briefly thus It was an house of the Templarii or Knights Templars and after their suppression their other Lands were conferd on the Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem after called Knights of Rhodes and this house came to the hands of Thomas Plantagenet Earl of Lancaster on whose attainder it was by the Crown invested on Hugh Le Despencer Earl of Glocester after to Aymer de Valence Earl of Penbrook In Edward the thirds time the Students of the Law obtained a long Lease of it for the yearly Rent of ten pound a third part of this came through many hands to the late Earls of Essex by the Sister and coheir of the last Earl and possessour whereof it came to the possession of that worthy Gentleman William Marquesse of Hartford Lord Beauchampe the instant Proprietor The Arms of another third part of which House called the Middle Temple are thus blazond In the time of King Edward the third as is confidently averd Gentlemen Students took a grant of this house from the Lord Gray then Proprietor which Honourable Society bear for their Coat Sable a Griffon Sergeant or Rampant Or. I shall give you a President of a choyce singularity viz. the Coat-Armour of the Honourable Sir Gervas Clifton of Clifton in the County of Nottingham Knight and Baronet marshalled with his seven wives which are thus described or blazoned Gules on a Cheuron Argent between three paire of Garbes Saltire-waies Or three Tuns or Barrels Sable which is the Coat of the Company of Brewers of London who were incorporated by the said King Henry the sixth 1. Sir William Ryves Attorny Generall for the Kingdome of Ireland who marryed Dorothy Daughter of Sir Richard Waldron or Walrond Knight 2 Sir Thomas Rives the Kings Advocate married Elizabeth daughter of the said Sir Richard Walrond 3 Brune Rives Doctor of Divinity and Deane of Chichester married Katherine Daughter of the same Sir Richard Walrond Knight Of this Family is also that worthy Citizen Richard Rives of London Merchant Deputy of Dowgate Ward and his brother Jâ—hn Rives Merchant being all desce ded from the ancient Family of this sirname at Damerey court near Blandford in the County of Dorcet The second Topaz a Saltier and chiefe Ruby by the name of Bruc I shall for the better illustration of this give you another example or two of Widows and then treat of Maids And in this manner are those bearings to be marshalled where the woman being a Widow will make use of both her Husbands Coats Some may perhaps object that the Label should have been in cheif and extended to the sides of the Escocheon but let them know 't is a grand errour to draw or paint them so These Labels as in Prideaux Barington Hellesby c. being a charge and part of the Coat nor is there any reason we should make the eldest brothers difference so large when we alwayes draw the differences of the younger brothers as small as may be that of Labels being a very ancient bearing but these distinctions for brother's a new though necessary invention Thus much for the bearing of Widows who may on no pretence whatsoever beare either their paternall Coat or their Husbands Coate simple or alone for if in an Escocheon or Shield then all people take it for the bearing of a man If in a Lozenge then is it the bearing proper onely to a Maid as the following examples will demonstrate This is the proper Coat of Frances Seymor daughter of Francis Lord Seymor of Trowbridge by Frances daughter and Co-heire of Sir Gilbert Prinne Knight I shall double this example in a Cousin German of this Ladies SECT VI. CHAP. VI. Peculiar Ornaments THus far have I touched things placed above the Escocheon now I will proceed to such as are placed else-where of which some are Peculiar some more Generall By such as are peculiar I meane those that are appropriate to persons having Soveraign Jurisdicton and to such as we called Nobiles Majores of which Rank a Banneret or as some call them a Baronet is the lowest These have their name of a Banner for unto them it was granted in remuneration of their approved valour in Military services to bear a square Banner after the custome of Barons and therefore are called Knights Bannerets as Master Camden hath noted saying Baneretti qui allis Baronetti cum valvasorum nomen jam desierat à Baronibus secundi erant quibus inditum nomen a vexillo concessum enim erat illis militaris virtutis ergo quadrato vexillo perinde ac Barones uti unde Equites vexillarii a nonnullis vocantur c. This order of Knight-hood was much esteemed for the honour received in the Field for Military service with great solemnity under the banner Royall displayed in the presence of the Soveraign and this hath been reputed a middle degree between Nobiles majores minores but of this dignity none hath been known alive in England since Sir Ralph Sadler c. But amongst the particular Ornaments belonging to the Coat-armours of persons having either Supreme or Inferior dignity there are some that do environ the Coat-armour round about and do chiefly belong to persons exercising Soveraign Jurisdiction and to such others as they out of their speciall favour shall communicate the same unto by