law_n which_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n hereupon_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v promulgate_v through_o all_o the_o ten_o province_n of_o china_n the_o kingdom_n enjoy_v a_o flourish_a peace_n all_o the_o city_n be_v fill_v with_o church_n and_o the_o people_n prosper_v under_o the_o evangelical_n felicity_n 8._o in_o this_o year_n call_v ximlie_o which_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 699._o the_o bonzii_n follower_n of_o the_o pagod_n make_v use_n of_o their_o strength_n with_o a_o huge_a clamour_n aloud_o blaspheme_v our_o holy_a law_n in_o the_o place_n which_o be_v call_v tum_o cieu_o in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n and_o in_o the_o end_n of_o another_o year_n call_v sien_n tien_n which_o answer_v to_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 713._o certain_a private_a man_n in_o sieno_fw-la the_o ancient_a place_n of_o venvam_n the_o commentator_n will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v siganfu_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la be_v so_o audacious_a as_o to_o rail_v against_o our_o holy_a law_n with_o mock_v flout_n and_o opprobrious_a language_n 9_o at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a priest_n a_o bishop_n as_o it_o shall_v seem_v by_o name_n john_n and_o another_o man_n of_o great_a virtue_n and_o eminency_n by_o name_n kie_fw-mi lie_n with_o other_o noble_n and_o person_n belong_v to_o they_o no_o less_o honour_v for_o their_o fame_n than_o respect_v for_o their_o contempt_n of_o worldly_a affair_n who_o begin_v again_o to_o revive_v and_o preach_v their_o most_o excellent_a gospel_n and_o to_o tie_v together_o those_o thread_n which_o by_o the_o malice_n of_o the_o devil_n have_v be_v break_v and_o the_o king_n hiven_fw-mi cum_fw-la chi_fw-mi tao_fw-mi who_o begin_v his_o reign_n in_o the_o year_n 719._o command_v five_o of_o his_o principal_a officer_n that_o they_o shall_v go_v in_o person_n into_o that_o happy_a house_n mean_v the_o church_n and_o erect_v altar_n then_o the_o pillar_n of_o the_o law_n which_o for_o a_o short_a time_n have_v be_v lay_v grovel_v begin_v anew_o to_o rise_v and_o flourish_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n tien_n pao_o be_v the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 743._o king_n ota_n ciam_fw-la kuen_n give_v strict_a command_n to_o cuolie_n fie_o a_o eunuch_n in_o extraordinary_a favour_n and_o power_n with_o he_o that_o he_o shall_v carry_v the_o true_a effigy_n of_o the_o five_o king_n his_o predecessor_n and_o grandfather_n and_o place_v they_o in_o the_o church_n whither_o also_o he_o shall_v send_v a_o hundred_o measure_n of_o precious_a thing_n for_o celebrate_v the_o solemnity_n the_o author_n kim_n lim_z say_v in_o honour_n of_o the_o say_a king_n 10._o in_o the_o three_o year_n tien_n pao_o be_v the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 745._o there_o be_v in_o judea_n other_o say_v india_n one_o kieho_n a_o priest_n who_o be_v conduct_v into_o china_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o star_n and_o look_v upon_o the_o sun_n this_o be_v a_o ceremony_n of_o those_o who_o be_v admit_v to_o speak_v with_o our_o emperor_n he_o be_v forthwith_o bring_v into_o his_o presence_n but_o the_o emperor_n command_v that_o the_o priest_n john_n and_o paul_n with_o other_o of_o that_o profession_n and_o the_o so_o eminent_o virtuous_a person_n kieho_n shall_v betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o palace_n he_o kim_n to_o worship_n and_o perform_v other_o holy_a act_n of_o devotion_n at_o this_o time_n his_o royal_a grant_n be_v keep_v in_o table_n in_o the_o church_n according_a to_o order_v rich_o adorn_v and_o glitter_a with_o red_a and_o blue_a and_o the_o empty_a space_n be_v fill_v with_o the_o royal_a plume_n ascend_v and_o reach_v even_o to_o the_o sun_n his_o favour_n and_o donation_n be_v compare_v to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o south_n and_o the_o abundance_n of_o his_o benefit_n equal_a to_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o east_n sea_n reason_n can_v but_o well_o like_o a_o thing_n so_o approve_v and_o worthy_a to_o be_v remember_v therefore_o the_o king_n sa_n cum_fw-la nen_fw-mi man_n or_o venus_n min_fw-fr who_o begin_v to_o reign_v in_o the_o year_n 757._o command_v church_n to_o be_v build_v in_o limb_o suu_fw-la seu_fw-la and_o five_o other_o city_n by_o a_o new_a proclamation_n this_o king_n be_v of_o a_o most_o acute_a ingenuity_n under_o who_o a_o gate_n of_o happiness_n be_v open_v to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o hereby_o all_o the_o royal_a affair_n of_o state_n be_v administer_v and_o prosper_v with_o applause_n rejoice_v and_o felicity_n 11._o the_o king_n tai_n cum_fw-la nen_fw-mi vu_z come_v to_o the_o throne_n in_o 764._o and_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o good_a time_n manage_v all_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o any_o difficulty_n at_o the_o feast_n of_o christ_n birth_n every_o year_n he_o send_v certain_a excellent_a perfume_n in_o a_o thankful_a remembrance_n and_o assign_v princely_a provision_n of_o all_o kind_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o minister_n of_o that_o holy_a law_n sure_o the_o heaven_n give_v beauty_n and_o perfection_n to_o the_o world_n which_o therefore_o produce_v all_o thing_n with_o so_o liberal_a a_o hand_n this_o king_n imitate_v heaven_n and_o therefore_o know_v it_o be_v fit_a to_o nourish_v and_o preserve_v his_o own_o 12._o the_o king_n kien_n cium_o xim_o when_fw-mi vu_fw-fr in_o the_o year_n 781._o use_v eight_o way_n of_o reward_v the_o good_a and_o chastise_v the_o bad._n he_o set_v forth_o new_a order_n for_o restore_v and_o promote_a the_o gospel_n christ_n his_o government_n be_v full_a of_o excellency_n we_o pray_v to_o god_n for_o he_o not_o blush_v thereat_o he_o be_v eminent_a for_o virtue_n peaceable_n and_o learned_a he_o love_v his_o neighbour_n abound_v with_o charity_n to_o help_v all_o and_o be_v a_o great_a benefactor_n to_o all_o then_o live_v this_o be_v the_o true_a way_n and_o the_o scale_n of_o our_o holy_a law_n to_o cause_v that_o the_o wind_n and_o the_o rain_n return_n at_o their_o wont_a season_n that_o the_o world_n be_v quiet_a man_n well_o govern_v affair_n orderly_o dispose_v such_o as_o yet_o be_v on_o earth_n live_v well_o and_o those_o that_o be_v decease_v enjoy_v rest_n and_o peace_n to_o have_v these_o thing_n in_o readiness_n and_o be_v able_a to_o give_v a_o account_n thereof_o proceed_v real_o from_o our_o holy_a faith_n and_o be_v effect_n of_o the_o strength_n and_o power_n of_o our_o most_o sacred_a gospel_n 13._o the_o king_n give_v to_o the_o priest_n call_v usa_fw-la and_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a preacher_n of_o the_o law_n these_o title_n kin_n ju_o quam_fw-la lo_o tai_fw-la fu_fw-la be_v a_o office_n in_o the_o court_n and_o sou_n fum_o cie_n tu_fw-la fu_fw-la lei_fw-it be_v a_o office_n without_o the_o court_n and_o xi_o tien_n thum_z kien_n another_o office_n also_o but_o the_o explication_n thereof_o we_o have_v not_o find_v in_o the_o exemplar_n he_o give_v also_o to_o the_o say_a priest_n and_o preacher_n of_o the_o great_a law_n a_o vestment_n of_o blue_a colour_n which_o the_o italian_n call_v di_o colour_n pavonazo_fw-it this_o priest_n be_v incline_v to_o peace_n rejoice_v to_o do_v good_a to_o other_o with_o all_o his_o endeavour_n strive_v to_o do_v act_n of_o charity_n he_o come_v into_o china_n from_o a_o remote_a country_n and_o place_n call_v va_o xi_o ciu_o chim_z be_v heathenish_a which_o be_v the_o same_o as_o the_o far_o distant_a india_n he_o perfect_o teach_v several_a science_n and_o his_o act_n be_v famous_a through_o china_n for_o above_o three_o generation_n at_o the_o beginning_n he_o wait_v upon_o the_o king_n in_o his_o court_n and_o afterward_o his_o name_n be_v enter_v in_o the_o king_n record_n or_o chronicle_n 14._o the_o governor_n fuen_n yam_n call_v also_o co_z cu_z y_z and_o ennoble_v with_o the_o title_n of_o chum_n xulim_n at_o first_o only_o mind_v his_o military_a affair_n in_o the_o part_n of_o sofam_n but_o the_o king_n so_o cum_fw-la command_v ay_o sum_o or_o y_z sum_z that_o he_o shall_v promote_v co_n cuy_v with_o more_o favour_n than_o the_o rest_n it_o seem_v the_o king_n command_v ay_o sum_o to_o make_v he_o a_o councillor_n for_o although_o his_o captain_n love_v he_o extraordinary_o yet_o he_o do_v not_o like_o his_o ordinary_a method_n of_o proceed_v for_o as_o the_o chineses_n speak_v a_o army_n be_v the_o tooth_n and_o nail_n the_o eye_n and_o ear_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o know_v how_o to_o distribute_v his_o revenue_n and_o not_o hoard_v they_o up_o at_o home_n he_o offer_v to_o the_o church_n a_o precious_a thing_n call_v poli_fw-fr make_v of_o glass_n as_o it_o seem_v the_o people_n of_o this_o place_n name_v it_o cim_o reguen_n other_o lintiguen_o beside_o he_o bestow_v tapestry_n of_o these_o part_n interweave_v with_o gold_n call_v cie_n ki_v repair_v the_o church_n in_o such_o manner_n
carrion_n either_o of_o a_o horse_n mule_n ass_n dog_n or_o any_o other_o creature_n they_o be_v likewise_o great_o delight_v with_o dry_a sweetmeat_n which_o they_o know_v very_o well_o how_o to_o order_v the_o mandorin_n have_v always_o comedian_n to_o act_n and_o music_n to_o play_n whilst_o they_o be_v at_o dinner_n to_o excite_v they_o to_o cheerfulness_n their_o ordinary_a drink_n be_v hot_a water_n wherein_o thea_fw-mi have_v be_v steep_v which_o as_o they_o do_v all_o other_o liquor_n they_o sip_v off_o warm_a but_o the_o best_a of_o their_o liquor_n be_v that_o which_o they_o call_v cia_n and_o be_v make_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o take_v half_a a_o handful_n of_o the_o herb_n cha_fw-mi and_o boil_v it_o in_o spring-water_n when_o it_o be_v well_o boil_a they_o put_v to_o it_o four_o time_n as_o much_o new_a milk_n with_o a_o little_a salt_n this_o liquor_n drink_v warm_a as_o they_o general_o believe_v have_v more_o virtue_n than_o the_o philosopher_n stone_n as_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o civility_n manner_n and_o fashion_n they_o consist_v chief_o in_o the_o honour_n duty_n and_o obedience_n which_o be_v show_v to_o the_o emperor_n and_o that_o be_v extraordinary_a for_o he_o be_v obey_v honour_a and_o serve_v more_o than_o any_o spiritual_a or_o temporal_a prince_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n beside_o no_o person_n of_o what_o condition_n or_o quality_n soever_o may_v speak_v to_o he_o but_o only_o the_o gelubden_n who_o wait_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o chamber_n in_o the_o palace_n and_o his_o near_a kindred_n as_o his_o son_n and_o daughter_n that_o live_v with_o he_o in_o the_o same_o palace_n all_o the_o magistrate_n without_o the_o palace_n for_o the_o gelubden_n have_v their_o degree_n of_o order_n and_o preferment_n be_v only_o to_o speak_v to_o the_o king_n in_o write_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o petition_n wherein_o their_o desire_n be_v set_v forth_o with_o the_o most_o humble_a expression_n imaginable_a when_o it_o be_v the_o new_a year_n which_o always_o begin_v with_o the_o new_a moon_n before_o or_o after_o the_o nine_o month_n of_o october_n at_o which_o time_n also_o they_o begin_v their_o lent_n a_o ambassador_n be_v send_v from_o every_o general_a province_n to_o salute_v the_o king_n this_o duty_n be_v perform_v every_o three_o year_n with_o great_a state_n and_o such_o humble_a submission_n that_o it_o seem_v in_o a_o manner_n a_o servile_a obedience_n so_o upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o new_a moon_n the_o magistrate_n every_o one_o in_o his_o own_o city_n meet_v and_o bow_v to_o the_o royal_a throne_n which_o be_v adorn_v with_o picture_n and_o image_n then_o with_o exalt_a voice_n pray_v that_o the_o king_n may_v live_v ten_o thousand_o year_n and_o this_o be_v loud_o second_v by_o the_o redouble_a echo_n of_o the_o people_n purposely_o meet_v together_o the_o same_o honour_n be_v do_v to_o the_o emperor_n upon_o his_o birthday_n through_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o day_n the_o magistrate_n of_o peking_n and_o the_o ambassador_n which_o be_v send_v from_o other_o province_n as_o also_o the_o emperor_n near_a and_o chief_a friend_n come_v into_o the_o emperor_n presence_n to_o let_v he_o know_v what_o day_n it_o be_v and_o to_o confirm_v their_o good_a wish_n for_o his_o long_a life_n by_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o present_n which_o they_o then_o bring_v unto_o he_o all_o such_o as_o be_v prefer_v by_o the_o king_n to_o any_o place_n of_o magistracy_n or_o other_o office_n be_v summon_v to_o appear_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n before_o the_o king_n throne_n to_o return_v thanks_o for_o the_o favour_n show_v at_o which_o time_n they_o be_v clothe_v in_o red_a satin_n with_o silver-gilt_n turban_n upon_o their_o head_n in_o both_o hand_n they_o hold_v a_o ebony_n board_n four_o finger_n broad_a and_o a_o foot_n long_o which_o they_o put_v before_o their_o mouth_n as_o often_o as_o they_o speak_v before_o the_o emperor_n or_o his_o throne_n when_o former_o the_o emperor_n intend_v to_o appear_v upon_o his_o throne_n he_o show_v himself_o first_o out_o of_o a_o large_a window_n in_o the_o high_a room_n of_o the_o house_n hold_v a_o ebony_n board_n in_o his_o hand_n before_o his_o face_n and_o another_o over_o his_o head_n both_o which_o board_n be_v beset_v with_o so_o many_o precious_a stone_n and_o of_o that_o bigness_n that_o they_o cover_v his_o face_n and_o hinder_v any_o one_o from_o have_v a_o perfect_a sight_n of_o he_o but_o how_o the_o tartar_n cham_fw-mi appear_v in_o this_o age_n we_o have_v already_o relate_v it_o be_v only_o lawful_a for_o the_o emperor_n to_o be_v array_v in_o yellow_a that_o colour_n be_v forbid_v to_o all_o other_o his_o raiment_n be_v chief_o embroider_a with_o dragon_n and_o not_o only_o be_v these_o dragon_n upon_o his_o garment_n but_o likewise_o engrave_v upon_o the_o vessel_n of_o gold_n and_o other_o plate_n belong_v to_o the_o palace_n as_o also_o upon_o all_o the_o other_o furniture_n thereof_o insomuch_o that_o the_o very_o tyl_v of_o the_o palace_n be_v of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n figure_v with_o the_o shape_n of_o dragon_n which_o have_v give_v occasion_n for_o some_o to_o believe_v that_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o palace_n be_v either_o of_o gold_n or_o copper_n whereas_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v only_o cover_v with_o tile_n colour_v yellow_a in_o the_o bake_n and_o fasten_v with_o nail_n who_o head_n be_v gild_v that_o so_o every_o thing_n outward_o see_v may_v resemble_v the_o emperor_n apparel_n and_o if_o any_o person_n shall_v be_v so_o audacious_o presumptuous_a as_o to_o venture_v to_o wear_v this_o colour_n or_o the_o dragon_n unless_o he_o be_v of_o the_o royal_a blood_n it_o will_v endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o his_o head_n such_o a_o offence_n be_v esteem_v criminal_a as_o treason_n and_o the_o offender_n will_v suffer_v as_o a_o traitor_n the_o royal_a palace_n have_v four_o gate_n towards_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n all_o that_o pass_v by_o these_o gate_n be_v oblige_v to_o alight_v whether_o on_o horseback_n or_o in_o a_o chair_n and_o to_o go_v on_o foot_n till_o they_o be_v beyond_o they_o this_o be_v do_v by_o all_o the_o chinese_n in_o general_a but_o much_o more_o orderly_a and_o with_o great_a reverence_n by_o the_o grandee_n for_o they_o perform_v this_o ceremony_n while_o they_o be_v yet_o at_o a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o court_n and_o this_o be_v due_o observe_v not_o only_o at_o peking_n the_o present_a imperial_a residence_n but_o also_o at_o nank_v the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o emperor_n though_o of_o late_a year_n desert_v by_o the_o court._n the_o emperor_n oftentimes_o for_o some_o certain_a reason_n and_o cause_n best_o know_v to_o himself_o do_v confer_v title_n of_o honour_n upon_o the_o ancestor_n of_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n by_o a_o certain_a write_n formal_o draw_v up_o by_o his_o majesty_n philosopher_n they_o put_v a_o high_a value_n upon_o such_o a_o write_n and_o think_v nothing_o too_o much_o to_o give_v or_o do_v to_o purchase_v the_o same_o which_o once_o obtain_v they_o lie_v up_o careful_o for_o their_o posterity_n as_o a_o holy_a or_o sacred_a thing_n they_o likewise_o set_v a_o very_a high_a value_n and_o esteem_v upon_o other_o title_n which_o be_v express_v with_o two_o or_o three_o character_n and_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o widow_n that_o in_o their_o old_a age_n subject_n themselves_o again_o to_o matrimony_n or_o to_o any_o other_o extraordinary_a ancient_a people_n these_o mark_n of_o honour_n they_o hang_v over_o their_o door_n to_o be_v as_o a_o testimonial_a for_o they_o and_o when_o any_o magistrate_n have_v do_v their_o country_n good_a service_n statue_n of_o marble_n be_v erect_v in_o their_o honour_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o public_a whatsoever_o through_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v rare_a of_o costly_a be_v send_v to_o the_o emperor_n at_o peking_n the_o magistrate_n whereof_o appear_v with_o far_o less_o state_n and_o magnificence_n abroad_o in_o the_o street_n than_o those_o of_o other_o place_n for_o unless_o it_o be_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a and_o more_o noble_a the_o rest_n must_v only_o ride_v on_o horseback_n and_o not_o be_v carry_v in_o chair_n and_o whosoever_o be_v permit_v to_o keep_v a_o chair_n must_v use_v no_o more_o than_o four_o chait-man_n to_o carry_v he_o without_o the_o imperial_a city_n the_o magistrate_n thereof_o may_v appear_v abroad_o in_o a_o more_o glorious_a grandeur_n but_o their_o lowly_a demeanour_n at_o peking_n be_v do_v in_o submission_n to_o their_o sovereign_n there_o resident_a every_o four_o year_n at_o four_o distinct_a time_n all_o the_o emperor_n council_n assemble_v at_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n and_o queen_n and_o there_o offer_v up_o rich_a and_o costly_a present_n with_o great_a humility_n
night_n with_o light_n and_o catch_v abundance_n of_o they_o near_o the_o city_n fuencheu_o be_v the_o mountain_n vanhu_n which_o be_v repute_v the_o high_a of_o all_o hill_n and_o this_o name_n be_v give_v to_o it_o because_o ten_o thousand_o people_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o world_n get_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o this_o mountain_n to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o drown_v near_o to_o tingcheu_fw-la be_v a_o mountain_n call_v kin_n upon_o which_o be_v three_o pool_n which_o turn_v iron_n that_o be_v fling_v into_o they_o into_o copper_n immediate_o there_o be_v several_a other_o strange_a pool_n spring_n and_o well_n to_o be_v find_v in_o china_n some_o whereof_o be_v very_o sovereign_a for_o the_o cure_n of_o several_a distemper_n of_o the_o body_n on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o city_n caifung_a in_o the_o province_n of_o honan_n lie_v a_o pool_n call_v kinning_n which_o the_o imperial_a race_n of_o sunga_n cause_v to_o be_v dig_v for_o the_o discipline_a and_o train_v up_o seaman_n to_o make_v they_o expert_a in_o sea-fights_a which_o be_v very_o much_o use_v by_o the_o emperor_n taicungus_n this_o pool_n be_v so_o very_o pleasant_a that_o round_o about_o the_o same_o be_v build_v several_a brave_a palace_n of_o the_o grandee_n beside_o divers_a idol-temple_n chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o chinese_n king_n and_o emperor_n which_o have_v govern_v in_o china_n before_o and_o since_o christ_n birth_n before_o i_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o war_n between_o the_o people_n of_o china_n and_o the_o tartar_n i_o shall_v speak_v in_o short_a concern_v the_o genealogy_n of_o the_o king_n and_o emperor_n who_o have_v reign_v there_o before_o and_o since_o the_o birth_n of_o christ._n first_o then_o observe_v that_o before_o christ_n birth_n between_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 2207._o and_o the_o year_n 2952._o eight_o hundred_o succeed_v one_o another_o in_o the_o government_n of_o that_o empire_n which_o take_v not_o the_o same_o 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philosopher_n to_o write_v the_o deed_n and_o action_n of_o his_o predecessor_n at_o large_a without_o fraud_n or_o flattery_n out_o of_o this_o voluminous_a work_n which_o comprehend_v in_o general_a all_o the_o great_a transaction_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n the_o chinese_n for_o ease_n of_o memory_n have_v make_v a_o extract_n or_o epitome_n of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a passage_n but_o as_o to_o what_o pass_v before_o the_o eight_o elect_a emperor_n the_o chineses_n themselves_o be_v very_o doubtful_a because_o the_o book_n of_o those_o time_n be_v full_a of_o ridiculous_a story_n as_o well_o relate_v to_o the_o age_n of_o the_o people_n as_o the_o year_n of_o the_o governor_n for_o according_a to_o the_o fantastic_a belief_n of_o those_o writer_n the_o world_n must_v have_v be_v create_v some_o thousand_o of_o year_n before_o the_o flood_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o life_n and_o action_n of_o these_o eight_o emperor_n i_o shall_v in_o a_o few_o word_n declare_v what_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v feign_v to_o have_v have_v the_o rule_n over_o china_n before_o the_o government_n of_o fohius_n the_o first_o of_o they_o the_o chineses_n feign_v that_o the_o first_o man_n who_o they_o also_o own_o for_o their_o first_o governor_n be_v call_v puoncuus_fw-la and_o have_v his_o original_a out_o of_o a_o confuse_a lump_n as_o out_o of_o a_o egg_n though_o some_o of_o the_o more_o learned_a in_o europe_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o cainan_n or_o kenan_n the_o son_n of_o enos_n be_v the_o first_o man_n that_o with_o his_o follower_n people_v china_n and_o that_o from_o he_o they_o all_o have_v their_o rise_n they_o also_o add_v that_o this_o cainan_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o government_n when_o he_o be_v five_o hundred_o year_n old_a and_o that_o after_o he_o the_o eight_o elect_a emperor_n govern_v those_o country_n and_o inhabitant_n as_o have_v be_v and_o shall_v be_v more_o full_o relate_v yet_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o after_o the_o decease_n of_o this_o puoncuus_fw-la one_o tienhoangus_fw-la succeed_v in_o the_o government_n of_o who_o time_n a_o certain_a chinese_n historian_n speak_v thus_o 〈◊〉_d that_o time_n the_o spirit_n of_o heaven_n cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o degree_n introduce_v good_a manner_n and_o teach_v the_o people_n be_v then_o very_o decible_a civility_n and_o morality_n but_o especial_o when_o the_o great_a dragon_n be_v kill_v which_o have_v molest_v the_o whole_a world_n by_o mingle_v heaven_n and_o earth_n together_o after_o his_o death_n every_o thing_n receive_v a_o more_o illustrious_a form_n and_o dignity_n after_o he_o they_o say_v succeed_v one_o thâ—angus_n who_o be_v very_o skilful_a in_o the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n distinguish_v the_o day_n and_o night_n by_o name_n and_o order_v every_o month_n to_o consist_v of_o thirty_o day_n when_o he_o be_v decease_v they_o write_v that_o nine_o other_o prince_n succeed_v but_o they_o be_v altogether_o ignorant_a both_o of_o their_o name_n and_o action_n after_o these_o nine_o follow_v according_a to_o their_o legend_n ginhoangus_fw-la with_o nine_o more_o of_o his_o family_n he_o divide_v the_o country_n into_o nine_o part_n whereof_o one_o be_v give_v to_o the_o people_n to_o inhabit_v and_o the_o other_o eight_o he_o appoint_v for_o husbandry_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o bring_v the_o people_n who_o at_o first_o as_o wild_a and_o uncivilise_v live_v disperse_v to_o bring_v their_o habitation_n near_o together_o though_o yet_o they_o have_v no_o house_n his_o reign_n they_o say_v be_v a_o golden_a age_n for_o the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o fruit_n of_o itself_o without_o much_o labour_n this_o prince_n care_v for_o his_o subject_n with_o more_o than_o a_o fatherly_a love_n who_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n honour_v and_o serve_v he_o as_o dutiful_a child_n obey_v their_o father_n after_o he_o follow_v one_o yeus_n who_o instruct_v the_o people_n that_o have_v long_o live_v in_o holes_n and_o cave_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o make_v hut_n and_o little_a edifice_n of_o wood_n to_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o fury_n of_o wild_a beast_n for_o till_o this_o time_n they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o most_o thing_n useful_a for_o the_o support_n and_o sustenance_n of_o life_n for_o they_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o husbandry_n nor_o know_v how_o to_o strike_v fire_n wherewith_o either_o to_o dress_v their_o victual_n â—r_o to_o refresh_v the_o body_n but_o they_o live_v only_o upon_o wild_a herb_n and_o fruit_n and_o devour_v the_o raw_a flesh_n of_o wild_a creature_n and_o drink_v their_o blood_n go_v for_o the_o most_o naked_a or_o at_o the_o best_a wear_v only_o the_o undress_v skin_n of_o some_o wild_a creature_n they_o have_v kill_v about_o some_o part_n of_o their_o body_n after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o yeus_n sujus_fw-la reign_v who_o be_v very_o skilful_a in_o astrology_n he_o teach_v that_o there_o be_v five_o element_n as_o metal_n wood_n earth_n and_o fire_n which_o last_o he_o observe_v in_o the_o air._n he_o be_v also_o the_o first_o that_o make_v the_o discovery_n of_o fire_n by_o rub_v one_o piece_n of_o wood_n against_o another_o there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o money_n or_o coin_n either_o silver_n or_o gold_n in_o his_o day_n but_o they_o exchange_v commodity_n for_o commodity_n by_o way_n of_o barter_n thus_o far_o their_o hardly-believed_a history_n proceed_v which_o whether_o true_a or_o false_a shall_v be_v no_o task_n for_o i_o to_o discover_v but_o leave_v they_o as_o they_o be_v i_o shall_v return_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o eight_o elect_a emperor_n beforementioned_a the_o first_o whereof_o be_v fohius_n who_o the_o chineses_n call_v thiensu_fw-la that_o be_v the_o son_n of_o heaven_n and_o by_o this_o title_n they_o still_o call_v all_o their_o emperor_n they_o say_v and_o haply_o believe_v it_o that_o he_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o world_n by_o his_o mother_n
die_v and_o his_o elder_a son_n take_v it_o ill_o thas_o yuus_n shall_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o in_o regard_n he_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o the_o sceptre_n do_v by_o hereditary_a right_n belong_v unto_o he_o he_o endeavour_v to_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o imperial_a throne_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n but_o what_o stratagem_n policy_n or_o force_v soever_o he_o use_v all_o prove_v vain_a â—or_a he_o can_v not_o prevail_v the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n adhere_v cordial_o to_o yuus_n in_o regard_n they_o judge_v he_o most_o deserve_v of_o the_o crown_n which_o according_o be_v settle_v upon_o he_o though_o not_o without_o some_o trouble_n this_o yuus_n be_v the_o founder_n of_o the_o first_o chinese_n imperial_a race_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v style_v hiaa_n and_o the_o last_o of_o the_o elect_a emperor_n for_o when_o the_o royal_a chair_n after_o his_o death_n become_v void_a his_o son_n be_v unanimous_o admit_v to_o succeed_v he_o and_o from_o that_o time_n the_o manner_n and_o custom_n of_o election_n be_v change_v into_o a_o hereditary_a succession_n from_o father_n to_o son_n this_o royal_a race_n or_o family_n which_o have_v its_o beginning_n in_o the_o beforementioned_a yuus_n in_o the_o year_n 2207_o before_o christ_n birth_n sway_v the_o imperial_a sceptre_n four_o hundred_o forty_o one_o year_n in_o a_o continue_a line_n of_o seventeen_o emperor_n who_o succeed_v each_o other_o in_o the_o government_n of_o china_n this_o race_n be_v extinct_a for_o want_v of_o issue_n arise_v the_o family_n of_o xanga_n whereof_o the_o emperor_n tangus_n in_o the_o year_n 1766_o before_o christ_n birth_n be_v the_o first_o who_o call_v it_o xanga_n from_o a_o lordship_n of_o the_o same_o name_n he_o possess_v this_o family_n produce_v twenty_o eight_o emperor_n who_o sit_v upon_o the_o throne_n successive_o for_o six_o hundred_o year_n and_o upward_o to_o the_o year_n 1122_o before_o the_o birth_n of_o christ._n this_o line_n be_v extinct_a in_o 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direct_a line_n hold_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n till_o the_o year_n 264_o after_o christ_n birth_n this_o family_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o six_o race_n call_v cyna_n step_v into_o the_o throne_n and_o govern_v till_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 419._o within_o which_o compass_n of_o time_n there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o five_o king_n at_o once_o who_o be_v all_o call_v utai_n and_o wage_v very_o cruel_a war_n one_o against_o another_o for_o above_o four_o hundred_o year_n at_o last_o have_v miserable_o worry_v and_o weaken_v each_o other_o they_o be_v all_o subdue_v by_o the_o seven_o race_n call_v tanga_n which_o seize_v upon_o the_o whole_a empire_n and_o reign_v with_o his_o posterity_n till_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 618._o no_o soon_o be_v this_o race_n of_o tanga_n at_o a_o end_n but_o the_o eight_o call_v sunga_n succeed_v in_o which_o the_o government_n continue_v till_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1278._o when_o the_o tartar_n after_o 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who_o be_v bear_v great_a cham_n of_o tartary_n and_o thus_o have_v lead_v you_o as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o hand_n to_o the_o tartar_n government_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o show_v you_o as_o brief_o as_o the_o subject_n will_v bear_v as_o well_o the_o cause_n as_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o terrible_a devastation_n which_o not_o only_o extirpate_v the_o same_o family_n but_o bring_v the_o whole_a country_n to_o the_o slavish_a subjection_n of_o their_o uncivilise_v barbarism_n the_o tartar_n who_o for_o antiquity_n go_v beyond_o all_o other_o people_n in_o asia_n and_o from_o who_o many_o and_o several_a nation_n be_v spring_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 2158_o before_o christ_n birth_n make_v very_o bloody_a war_n against_o the_o chinese_n wherein_o they_o be_v sometime_o conqueror_n possess_v the_o land_n and_o at_o other_o time_n conquer_v and_o drive_v out_o again_o now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o under_o the_o name_n of_o tartar_n i_o understand_v here_o those_o 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chinese_n differ_v in_o their_o custom_n and_o manner_n will_v easy_o be_v make_v appear_v by_o the_o daily_a employment_n and_o action_n each_o of_o they_o affect_v from_o the_o cradle_n the_o chinese_n be_v of_o a_o affable_a and_o peaceable_a disposition_n addict_v to_o husbandry_n and_o love_v all_o good_a art_n and_o science_n but_o the_o tartar_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n delight_n in_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o hunt_v be_v very_o cunning_a and_o deceitful_a lust_a after_o war_n and_o of_o a_o very_a loose_a and_o uncivil_a comportment_n it_o be_v true_a both_o endeavour_n to_o shun_v idleness_n but_o with_o intention_n very_o incoherent_a the_o one_o to_o live_v temperate_o and_o honest_o but_o the_o other_o only_o to_o range_v abroad_o in_o a_o wild_a and_o beastial_a barbarism_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n have_v wage_v war_n one_o against_o another_o for_o many_o age_n yet_o i_o dare_v be_v bold_a to_o say_v we_o read_v of_o none_o so_o terrible_a as_o those_o in_o this_o our_o age_n for_o thereby_o the_o tartar_n have_v not_o only_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o all_o the_o say_a empire_n but_o extirpated_a the_o last_o royal_a line_n that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o vestigium_fw-la or_o trace_v leave_v of_o they_o in_o be_v in_o short_a that_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o last_o war_n may_v be_v the_o more_o full_o and_o clear_o understand_v i_o shall_v relate_v unto_o you_o the_o two_o first_o conquest_n of_o china_n by_o way_n of_o proemium_fw-la you_o must_v first_o then_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o people_n of_o west-tartary_n after_o they_o have_v bring_v under_o their_o power_n almost_o all_o asia_n which_o be_v the_o fruitfull_a part_n of_o the_o inhabit_a world_n fall_v upon_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n about_o the_o year_n 1206_o before_o christ_n birth_n which_o be_v continue_v as_o be_v
horse_n after_o who_o follow_v those_o that_o carry_v the_o scaling-ladder_n at_o last_o march_v up_o the_o prime_n of_o his_o army_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o stout_a and_o able_a soldier_n of_o his_o kingdom_n have_v thus_o put_v his_o army_n in_o battle-array_n he_o fall_v upon_o the_o city_n immediate_o with_o a_o undaunted_a courage_n those_o within_o make_v very_o stout_a opposition_n at_o first_o but_o the_o tartar_n press_v upon_o they_o furious_o get_v the_o better_a and_o at_o last_o drive_v they_o from_o the_o wall_n to_o which_o fix_v their_o scaling-ladder_n they_o quick_o become_v master_n of_o the_o same_o such_o be_v their_o extraordinary_a nimbleness_n and_o courage_n and_o now_o the_o chinese_n find_v themselves_o unable_a any_o long_o to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n flee_v out_o of_o the_o city_n but_o the_o tartar_n kill_v a_o great_a number_n in_o the_o pursuit_n after_o the_o take_n of_o this_o city_n the_o tartar_n march_v on_o with_o his_o army_n without_o any_o 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people_n be_v general_a consternate_v and_o their_o heart_n dead_a with_o fear_n insomuch_o that_o the_o emperor_n himself_o have_v already_o conclude_v to_o abandon_v the_o city_n of_o peking_n and_o with_o his_o whole_a family_n to_o retire_v towards_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o he_o be_v dissuade_v from_o it_o by_o his_o council_n yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o both_o these_o province_n be_v so_o fill_v with_o fear_n at_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o tartar_n that_o they_o leave_v their_o habitation_n both_o in_o city_n and_o country_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n with_o what_o they_o can_v well_o carry_v with_o they_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n lay_v waste_n several_a famous_a city_n and_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n where_o he_o come_v the_o ninchean_a king_n who_o as_o we_o say_v dare_v not_o adventure_v to_o march_v against_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n have_v get_v good_a store_n of_o riches_n out_o of_o the_o other_o conquer_a city_n retreat_v back_o with_o his_o army_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n which_o be_v a_o very_a goodly_a city_n before_o he_o take_v it_o both_o for_o strength_n situation_n and_o fairness_n of_o building_n but_o be_v tell_v by_o his_o soothsayer_n that_o to_o let_v the_o old_a wall_n stand_v after_o he_o have_v win_v the_o place_n can_v bode_v nought_o but_o misfortune_n he_o cause_v they_o thereupon_o to_o be_v raze_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o new_a one_o build_v there_o be_v but_o two_o great_a city_n in_o all_o this_o province_n which_o be_v leaoyang_n and_o ningyven_v the_o rest_n be_v of_o a_o small_a circuit_n yet_o be_v they_o both_o populous_a and_o rich_a but_o with_o place_n of_o strength_n which_o exceed_v some_o city_n for_o bigness_n it_o exceed_o abound_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o place_n be_v very_o dull_a of_o understanding_n and_o so_o altogether_o incapable_a of_o learn_v any_o art_n and_o science_n but_o very_o healthful_a of_o constitution_n and_o strong_a of_o body_n therein_o much_o exceed_v the_o other_o chineses_n and_o the_o cause_n may_v be_v for_o that_o they_o be_v breed_v from_o the_o cradle_n to_o war_n and_o hardship_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o vicinity_n to_o the_o tartar_n who_o be_v perpetual_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o as_o to_o their_o manner_n and_o custom_n they_o resemble_v very_o much_o the_o tartar_n which_o come_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o great_a intercourse_n that_o â—s_v daily_o between_o they_o the_o country_n be_v in_o some_o place_n very_o hilly_a and_o mountainous_a and_o in_o other_o plain_a and_o even_o for_o many_o mile_n together_o yet_o every_o where_o very_o fruitful_a in_o the_o product_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o cattle_n both_o wild_a and_o tame_a as_o also_o in_o treeâ—_n and_o fruit_n of_o the_o field_n wholesome_a and_o medicinal_a both_o in_o their_o body_n leave_n fruit_n and_o root_n among_o other_o here_o grow_v that_o incomparable_a root_n gâ—â—seng_n whereof_o mention_n be_v make_v before_o there_o be_v also_o to_o be_v have_v store_n of_o rich_a fur_n as_o sable_n bever_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o wear_v in_o winter_n to_o keep_v themselves_o warm_a and_o traffic_n with_o likewise_o into_o other_o province_n it_o also_o produce_v curious_a pine-apple_n excellent_a wheat_n and_o barley_n but_o no_o rice_n yet_o a_o great_a abundance_n of_o fig_n apple_n pear_n grape_n and_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o fruit_n which_o extraordinary_a plenty_n of_o all_o necessary_a thing_n of_o its_o own_o growth_n render_v it_o both_o pleasant_a and_o cheap_a to_o live_v in_o but_o much_o more_o in_o regard_n of_o its_o situation_n upon_o the_o sea_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v furnish_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o commodity_n from_o other_o country_n their_o religion_n be_v very_o little_a different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o other_o chineses_n be_v great_a promoter_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o transmigration_n of_o soul_n out_o of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o thus_o the_o tartar_n have_v make_v this_o place_n the_o seat_n of_o war_n whereby_o they_o can_v at_o pleasure_n invade_v the_o neighbour_a province_n the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n begin_v to_o consider_v which_o way_n be_v the_o most_o likely_a for_o they_o to_o drive_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o their_o territory_n and_o at_o last_o they_o conclude_v to_o raise_v a_o army_n of_o 600000_o man_n over_o and_o above_o who_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n send_v to_o their_o assistance_n 12000_o valiant_a bowman_n who_o be_v not_o inferior_a for_o skill_n to_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o ninchean_a king_n be_v not_o idle_a but_o draw_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n as_o many_o force_n as_o can_v possible_o be_v spare_v to_o join_v with_o he_o be_v thus_o prepare_v for_o war_n on_o both_o side_n the_o chineses_n in_o the_o year_n 1619_o march_v with_o that_o formidable_a army_n against_o the_o enemy_n who_o hear_v of_o their_o approach_n set_v forward_o from_o their_o camp_n to_o meet_v they_o which_o soon_o happen_v but_o then_o such_o be_v the_o inveterate_a malice_n of_o both_o party_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v each_o other_o the_o battle_n begin_v which_o be_v valiant_o fight_v for_o a_o long_a time_n by_o both_o army_n so_o that_o the_o victory_n hang_v in_o suspense_n nor_o can_v any_o judge_n who_o will_v have_v the_o better_a till_o at_o length_n the_o chineses_n run_v away_o in_o great_a disorder_n and_o confusion_n the_o slaughter_n be_v very_o great_a among_o they_o both_o of_o commander_n and_o soldier_n upon_o the_o spot_n those_o that_o escape_v carry_v the_o news_n of_o the_o overthrow_n to_o the_o emperor_n this_o great_a victory_n the_o ninchean_a king_n pursue_v with_o that_o expedition_n that_o he_o take_v several_a city_n and_o town_n some_o whereof_o they_o lay_v in_o ash_n and_o put_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o sword_n harrass_v and_o plunder_v up_o to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o the_o city_n of_o peking_n though_o they_o dare_v not_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o there_o be_v a_o garrison_n of_o eighty_o thousand_o man_n and_o and_o the_o place_n well_o fortify_v with_o great_a store_n of_o cannon_n upon_o the_o wall_n notwithstanding_o which_o provision_n such_o be_v the_o fear_n of_o the_o pekinger_n that_o if_o the_o tartar_n have_v but_o attempt_v they_o may_v have_v be_v master_n of_o that_o great_a city_n without_o any_o very_a hazardous_a opposition_n for_o the_o emperor_n be_v again_o full_o resolve_v as_o before_o to_o quit_v it_o and_o to_o retire_v to_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o some_o of_o his_o council_n now_o too_o late_o grow_v wise_a alter_v his_o purpose_n by_o tell_v he_o that_o it_o will_v encourage_v the_o enemy_n and_o not_o only_o put_v the_o whole_a empire_n into_o confusion_n but_o hazard_v the_o ruin_n if_o not_o the_o
design_n and_o that_o in_o take_v accurate_a map_n and_o sketche_n not_o only_o of_o the_o country_n and_o town_n but_o also_o of_o beast_n bird_n fish_n and_o plant_n and_o other_o rarity_n never_o divulge_v as_o i_o be_o inform_v heretofore_o but_o now_o to_o remove_v some_o obstruction_n and_o to_o clear_v the_o way_n that_o posterity_n may_v not_o be_v bereave_v of_o the_o fruit_n of_o these_o my_o endeavour_n i_o find_v myself_o high_o necessitate_v to_o relate_v what_o pass_v in_o this_o undertake_n with_o as_o much_o candour_n and_o brevity_n as_o the_o work_n may_v possible_o require_v but_o before_o i_o engage_v myself_o it_o seem_v also_o not_o amiss_o to_o set_v forth_o brief_o the_o division_n of_o the_o universal_a globe_n and_o likewise_o the_o etymology_n or_o derivation_n of_o the_o word_n china_n the_o condition_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o extent_n thereof_o and_o last_o the_o ten_o province_n of_o the_o fifteen_o into_o which_o that_o county_n divide_v itself_o and_o the_o town_n and_o city_n through_o which_o we_o do_v not_o pass_v the_o terraqueous_a globe_n comprehend_v sea_n and_o land_n globe_n rivers_n and_o lake_n stand_v divide_v by_o modern_a geographer_n into_o two_o semi-orb_n viz._n the_o old_a and_o new_a world_n the_o old_a contain_v europe_n asia_n and_o africa_n the_o new_a america_n not_o much_o less_o in_o extent_n to_o all_o those_o vast_a region_n discover_v before_o name_v so_o from_o americus_n vesputius_n a_o florentine_a but_o indeed_o first_o find_v out_o by_o christopher_n columbus_n a_o genoese_a furnish_v out_o for_o so_o great_a a_o expedition_n by_o ferdinand_n and_o isabel_n king_n and_o queen_n of_o castille_n and_o arragon_n in_o the_o year_n 1492._o but_o five_o year_n after_o americus_n voyage_v make_v his_o approach_n high_a into_o those_o unknown_a confine_n and_o so_o get_v by_o a_o lucky_a hit_v or_o something_o in_o his_o name_n the_o honour_n of_o denomination_n of_o the_o moiety_n of_o the_o world_n from_o the_o prime_a discoverer_n to_o who_o so_o great_a a_o glory_n belong_v since_o vulgar_o call_v the_o west-indies_n not_o improper_o the_o east_n be_v by_o sea_n find_v by_o we_o about_o the_o same_o time_n under_o our_o new_a world_n may_v also_o be_v comprise_v those_o vast_a southern_a coast_n and_o straits_n of_o magellan_n first_o light_v on_o by_o ferdinandus_n magellanus_fw-la in_o the_o year_n 1520._o in_o his_o circumnavigation_n of_o the_o universe_n which_o forty_o five_o year_n after_o sir_n francis_n drake_n and_o next_o sir_n thomas_n bendish_n englishman_n make_v a_o far_a inspection_n into_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1600._o oliver_n van_fw-mi noord_n a_o hollander_n pass_v but_o of_o late_a year_n a_o spaniard_n ferdinand_n de_fw-fr quire_n outshoot_v they_o all_o by_o a_o more_o ample_a discovery_n than_o all_o the_o former_a asia_n not_o to_o make_v mention_n of_o any_o other_o division_n of_o the_o world_n divide_v be_v impertinent_a to_o the_o follow_a discourse_n stand_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n by_o the_o tartarick_a sea_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o great_a indian_a ocean_n call_v eous_fw-la and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o same_o on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n and_o the_o slip_n of_o land_n situate_v betwixt_o this_o gulf_n and_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n the_o extent_n of_o which_o from_o the_o hellespont_n as_o far_o as_o mallassa_n the_o utmost_a town_n of_o traffic_n in_o india_n consist_v of_o 1300_o dutch_a mile_n the_o breadth_n from_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n to_o the_o cape_n of_o tabin_n 1220_o dutch_a mile_n all_o asia_n which_o the_o ancient_n divide_v into_o asia_n the_o great_a and_o asia_n the_o less_o modern_a computor_n part_v into_o five_o division_n persia_n the_o turkish_a empire_n india_n to_o which_o they_o cast_v in_o the_o adjacent_a isle_n tartary_n and_o china_n what_o concern_v the_o name_n of_o china_n china_n or_o the_o far_a part_n of_o asia_n much_o time_n and_o pain_n have_v be_v spend_v and_o take_v by_o several_a historian_n both_o old_a and_o new_a as_o also_o by_o the_o native_n of_o the_o country_n and_o foreiner_n to_o give_v the_o true_a derivation_n thereof_o and_o the_o several_a name_n by_o which_o china_n have_v be_v former_o call_v to_o who_o i_o shall_v refer_v myself_o to_o satisfy_v the_o curiosity_n of_o the_o reader_n in_o this_o particular_a that_o these_o be_v the_o people_n who_o ptolemy_n call_v chineses_n both_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o name_n by_o which_o it_o be_v know_v at_o this_o time_n may_v suffice_v to_o prove_v the_o truth_n thereof_o for_o that_o which_o in_o spanish_a be_v write_v china_n in_o italian_a be_v call_v cina_n in_o high-dutch_a tschina_fw-la and_o in_o low_a dutch_n and_o latin_a sina_n the_o difference_n in_o the_o pronunciation_n of_o the_o word_n china_n and_o sina_n betwixt_o we_o and_o the_o spaniard_n be_v not_o much_o but_o in_o regard_n it_o fall_v somewhat_o hard_o to_o those_o people_n to_o pronounce_v the_o ch_z they_o therefore_o make_v use_n of_o the_o greek_a letter_n χ._n the_o tartar_n call_v this_o kingdom_n catay_n and_o sometime_o mangin_n but_o this_o name_n rather_o denote_v the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o then_o the_o country_n for_o mangin_n signify_v in_o their_o language_n a_o wild_a and_o uncivilise_v people_n and_o with_o this_o word_n the_o tartar_n often_o deride_v the_o chinese_n this_o country_n be_v likewise_o former_o call_v catay_n by_o marcus_n panwelz_n a_o venetian_a who_o be_v the_o first_o discoverer_n thereof_o in_o part_n but_o the_o most_o know_a name_n by_o which_o that_o kingdom_n be_v call_v at_o present_a by_o those_o of_o europe_n be_v china_n the_o reason_n why_o that_o kingdom_n have_v be_v call_v by_o so_o many_o several_a name_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v this_o from_o a_o ancient_a custom_n observe_v among_o they_o that_o whosoever_o get_v the_o sovereignty_n over_o they_o present_v the_o kingdom_n with_o a_o new_a name_n according_a to_o his_o pleasure_n among_o the_o rest_n we_o read_v that_o former_o this_o far_a part_n of_o asia_n or_o china_n be_v call_v thou_o thou_o tha_z sciam_fw-la cheu_n as_o also_o han_n thou_o which_o signify_v boundless_a broad_a thou_o rest_v tha_z great_a sciam_fw-la curious_a cheu_n perfect_a han_n the_o milky-way_n long_o before_o the_o conquest_n of_o china_n by_o the_o tartar_n in_o their_o last_o invasion_n and_o the_o depose_v of_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n viz._n when_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v in_o the_o family_n of_o ciu_o china_n be_v call_v by_o the_o chinese_n min_n which_o signify_v perspicuity_n or_o brightness_n afterward_o they_o add_v to_o the_o word_n min_n the_o syllable_n ta_o and_o call_v it_o then_o stamin_z or_o as_o some_o write_v tame_v which_o signify_v the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a brightness_n for_o above_o 300_o year_n this_o kingdom_n bear_v the_o name_n of_o taiâ—jven_n and_o at_o this_o time_n be_v call_v by_o the_o tartar_n who_o possess_v the_o kingdom_n under_o the_o great_a cham_n taicing_n but_o though_o this_o kingdom_n of_o china_n do_v often_o change_v its_o lord_n and_o name_n the_o chineses_n however_o have_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n call_v it_o by_o two_o other_o particular_a name_n as_o chungchoa_n and_o chungque_a the_o first_o whereof_o signify_v the_o middle_a kingdom_n and_o the_o other_o the_o middle_a garden_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o chineses_n give_v their_o kingdom_n these_o name_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v this_o in_o regard_n that_o former_o they_o do_v very_o believe_v that_o the_o heaven_n be_v round_o the_o earth_n foursquare_a and_o in_o the_o middle_a point_n thereof_o lay_v their_o kingdom_n wherefore_o when_o they_o first_o see_v the_o map_n of_o europe_n they_o take_v it_o very_o ill_o that_o their_o kingdom_n be_v not_o place_v in_o the_o middle_n but_o in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o east_n and_o therefore_o when_o mathias_n riccius_fw-la a_o jesuit_n have_v in_o china_n make_v a_o map_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n he_o so_o order_v his_o adulation_n that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n fall_v to_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n but_o most_o of_o the_o chineses_n do_v now_o acknowledge_v this_o their_o great_a error_n and_o blush_v convince_v of_o so_o much_o ignorance_n and_o though_o the_o chineses_n themselves_o have_v thus_o call_v their_o kingdom_n by_o several_a name_n according_a as_o the_o family_n which_o govern_v over_o they_o happen_v to_o change_v yet_o their_o neighbour_n that_o live_v upon_o the_o confine_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o their_o alteration_n neither_o follow_v the_o chineses_n therein_o for_o those_o of_o couchenchina_fw-la and_o siam_n call_v this_o kingdom_n cin_n the_o islander_n of_o japan_n than_o the_o tartar_n han_n and_o the_o turk_n saracener_n and_o other_o western_a people_n cataium_fw-la some_o conceive_v that_o this_o name_n be_v original_o from_o sioni_n name_v in_o
do_v in_o this_o island_n grow_v the_o leaf_n betel_fw-mi in_o great_a abundance_n much_o in_o request_n among_o the_o javaner_n who_o fetch_v whole_a boats-full_a we_o make_v no_o long_a stay_n here_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o we_o have_v get_v our_o provision_n aboard_o we_o set_v sail_n to_o pursue_v our_o voyage_n and_o on_o the_o 1._o of_o july_n come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o large_a continent_n leave_v couchinchina_n north_n north-west_n and_o about_o noon_n we_o hâ—d_v the_o height_n of_o 20_o degree_n and_o 6_o minute_n we_o sail_v along_o the_o coast_n which_o be_v very_o pleasant_a this_o couchinchina_n be_v part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o gannan_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o neighbour_n country_n that_o be_v situate_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n but_o yet_o belong_v to_o the_o chinese_n for_o under_o this_o gannan_n be_v situate_v the_o kingdom_n of_o tungk_v and_o kianchi_n or_o couchinchina_n both_o which_o be_v former_o call_v nankiao_n the_o emperor_n haionus_fw-la who_o be_v of_o the_o family_n of_o hana_n be_v a_o valiant_a prince_n conquer_v first_o of_o all_o these_o country_n which_o he_o plant_v and_o afterward_o govern_v the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o chinese_n this_o same_o emperor_n be_v also_o the_o first_o who_o name_v these_o country_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n kiaoch_n but_o afterward_o the_o family_n of_o tanga_n call_v they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o kiaochians_n but_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o chinese_n never_o make_v any_o account_n of_o these_o country_n in_o regard_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n according_a to_o the_o say_v of_o the_o chinese_n be_v wild_a and_o uncivil_a in_o their_o conversation_n but_o other_o say_v they_o do_v it_o more_o out_o of_o fear_n because_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n far_o exceed_v they_o in_o strength_n of_o body_n and_o be_v desirous_a rather_o to_o live_v conformable_a to_o their_o own_o law_n and_o custom_n and_o have_v their_o own_o king_n than_o submit_v their_o neck_n under_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o chinese_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o family_n of_o taiminga_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 290_o year_n these_o people_n be_v bring_v under_o the_o lash_n of_o the_o emperor_n hunguus_fw-la but_o this_o country_n be_v afterward_o make_v over_o to_o a_o petty_a king_n call_v chin_n who_o soon_o be_v make_v away_o by_o his_o three_o governor_n who_o be_v of_o the_o family_n of_o ly_n and_o so_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o realm_n when_o the_o emperor_n junglos_n observe_v the_o troublesome_a condition_n of_o that_o kingdom_n he_o cause_v two_o of_o the_o governor_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n but_o the_o three_o escape_v by_o flight_n and_o the_o emperor_n afterward_o reduce_v the_o kingdom_n of_o gannam_n into_o a_o province_n but_o he_o have_v no_o soon_o lay_v down_o his_o arm_n but_o the_o fugitive_n lie_n begin_v to_o appear_v again_o in_o the_o field_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o do_v he_o speedy_o send_v ambassador_n to_o pacify_v the_o emperor_n at_o that_o time_n sivanteus_fw-la be_v emperor_n a_o peaceable_a man_n and_o more_o a_o slave_n to_o his_o pleasure_n than_o a_o prince_n of_o his_o country_n this_o emperor_n be_v weary_a of_o all_o these_o mutiny_n and_o trouble_n make_v over_o again_o this_o country_n to_o this_o same_o lie_n and_o install_v he_o as_o a_o petty_a prince_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v send_v to_o he_o every_o three_o year_n a_o ambassador_n with_o great_a present_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n these_o part_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n about_o the_o year_n 1428._o but_o these_o country_n notwithstanding_o all_o this_o grow_v very_o troublesome_a be_v full_a of_o division_n so_o that_o at_o last_o they_o come_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n the_o first_o be_v call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o laos_n the_o second_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tunk_v and_o the_o three_o couchinchina_n which_o at_o present_a be_v no_o other_o than_o part_n of_o the_o province_n of_o quangsi_n and_o junnan_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o three_o kingdom_n laos_n tunk_v and_o couchinchina_n follow_v the_o religion_n of_o the_o chinese_n they_o likewise_o use_v the_o chinese_n character_n but_o yet_o differ_v very_o much_o in_o speech_n and_o pronunciation_n from_o they_o these_o country_n be_v very_o fruitful_a in_o every_o thing_n belong_v to_o the_o sustenance_n of_o mankind_n among_o other_o innumerable_a tree_n and_o fruit_n there_o grow_v a_o bean_n which_o make_v a_o oil_n or_o juice_n by_o the_o portuguese_n call_v rosamalia_n from_o hence_o come_v likewise_o in_o great_a abundance_n the_o eagle-wood_n which_o be_v of_o a_o purple_a colour_n and_o be_v know_v to_o the_o spaniard_n by_o the_o name_n of_o lacca_n and_o use_v in_o china_n to_o die_v and_o colour_v silk-stuffs_a it_o produce_v likewise_o good_a store_n of_o linen_n silk_n and_o cotton_n among_o other_o sort_n of_o monkey_n here_o be_v also_o find_v one_o call_v singsiing_n the_o manner_n of_o take_v they_o in_o the_o wood_n be_v to_o set_v wine_n before_o they_o with_o which_o they_o be_v fuddle_v fall_v asleep_a and_o so_o be_v take_v nap_v their_o blood_n make_v a_o excellent_a purple_a dye_n upon_o the_o 14._o we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o island_n maccoa_n and_o keep_v we_o by_o the_o height_n of_o 21_o degree_n and_o 10_o minute_n in_o the_o evening_n we_o anchor_v and_o the_o next_o morning_n we_o set_v sail._n we_o see_v lie_v upon_o the_o shore_n several_a boat_n but_o not_o one_o will_v come_v aboard_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o sign_n we_o make_v to_o invite_v they_o so_o wondrous_a fearful_a they_o be_v of_o the_o pirate_n cokese_v they_o who_o at_o that_o time_n hold_v the_o coast_n in_o continual_a alarm_n and_o who_o they_o undoubted_o take_v we_o to_o be_v two_o day_n we_o sail_v under_o this_o island_n thence_o pass_v by_o the_o most_o famous_a and_o wealthy_a city_n of_o maccoa_n maccoa_n and_o though_o we_o come_v not_o near_o it_o yet_o i_o shall_v relate_v what_o i_o have_v understand_v from_o other_o concern_v the_o magnificence_n of_o this_o place_n whereof_o you_o have_v a_o draught_n as_o it_o be_v take_v at_o sea_n sail_v thus_o by_o the_o city_n of_o maccao_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n under_o the_o island_n of_o goyers_n so_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o peter_n de_fw-fr goyer_n opon_n the_o 18._o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o arrive_v about_o sunset_n only_o in_o company_n with_o the_o yacht_v koukerken_fw-mi for_o we_o lose_v the_o yacht_v bloemendael_n in_o the_o storm_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o couchinchina_n which_o come_v not_o till_o 48_o day_n after_o we_o to_o canton_n very_o safe_a into_o the_o harbour_n of_o heytamon_n and_o drop_v our_o anchor_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bay_n at_o six_o and_o a_o half_a fathom_n water_n this_o place_n be_v exceed_o pleasant_a and_o most_o commodious_a for_o trade_n on_o the_o water_n side_n delightful_a hill_n and_o dale_n behind_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v by_o the_o annex_v print_n we_o be_v no_o soon_o at_o anchor_n but_o a_o bark_n full_a of_o soldier_n board_v we_o who_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o governor_n be_v send_v to_o ask_v the_o occasion_n of_o our_o come_n hereupon_o the_o ambassador_n send_v hendrick_n baron_n ashore_o to_o acquaint_v he_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n with_o the_o occasion_n of_o our_o arrival_n who_o when_o he_o come_v on_o shore_n be_v conduct_v into_o his_o bedchamber_n where_o he_o be_v receive_v very_o courteous_o and_o treat_v by_o he_o who_o ask_v why_o the_o hollander_n do_v return_v and_o whether_o they_o be_v not_o about_o two_o year_n since_o express_o forbid_v to_o come_v to_o canton_n six_o day_n after_o on_o the_o 24._o come_v two_o mandorin_n from_o canton_n to_o view_v the_o credential_n they_o bring_v to_o the_o great_a cham_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n they_o send_v for_o the_o ambassador_n to_o the_o governor_n house_n hereupon_o the_o ambassador_n with_o all_o their_o follower_n make_v up_o the_o river_n and_o come_v about_o noon_n to_o the_o village_n of_o lamme_n where_o they_o go_v ashore_o and_o be_v from_o thence_o conduct_v by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ceremony_n to_o the_o governor_n palace_n at_o their_o entry_n they_o find_v the_o governor_n sit_v at_o a_o high_a table_n in_o the_o hall_n betwixt_o the_o two_o mandorin_n guard_v with_o soldier_n who_o civil_o treat_v we_o and_o be_v serviceable_a unto_o we_o after_o compliment_n pass_v the_o ambassador_n show_v their_o credential_n at_o a_o distance_n against_o which_o the_o mandorin_n have_v nothing_o to_o object_n and_o then_o chair_n be_v set_v for_o the_o ambassador_n to_o sit_v down_o which_o be_v do_v the_o mandorin_n and_o governor_n begin_v to_o ask_v
cause_v so_o many_o safe_a harbour_n and_o road_n for_o ship_n in_o these_o part_n the_o country_n be_v in_o some_o place_n flat_a and_o even_o and_o in_o other_o hilly_a and_o mountainous_a especial_o towards_o the_o south_n as_o we_o often_o find_v to_o our_o great_a inconvenience_n upon_o our_o voyage_n this_o province_n produce_v all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o sustenance_n of_o man_n as_o likewise_o several_a sort_n of_o rich_a ware_n and_o commodity_n as_o well_o artificial_a as_o natural_a it_o likewise_o yield_v the_o husbandman_n fruit_n twice_o ayear_n as_o rice_n corn_n and_o other_o product_n for_o in_o it_o you_o have_v no_o cold_a wether_n all_o winter_n so_o that_o the_o chineses_n have_v a_o proverb_n among_o they_o that_o there_o be_v three_o very_a strange_a thing_n in_o quantung_n viz._n the_o heaven_n without_o snow_n tree_n green_a in_o winter_n as_o in_o summer_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n spit_v blood_n for_o first_o of_o all_o it_o never_o snow_n here_o the_o tree_n be_v never_o unperwige_v and_o the_o inhabitant_n continual_o chew_v the_o leave_n of_o betel_n and_o areka_n prepare_v after_o their_o way_n make_v their_o hospital_n red_a from_o hence_o come_v likewise_o great_a quantity_n of_o gold_n pearl_n precious_a stone_n silk_n quicksilver_n copper_n steel_n iron_n salt-petre_a eagle-wood_n and_o several_a other_o odoriferous_a wood_n the_o people_n in_o these_o part_n be_v very_o ingenious_a laborious_a and_o nimble_a and_o can_v imitate_v any_o thing_n which_o they_o see_v make_v before_o they_o and_o whatsoever_o the_o portuguese_n bring_v thither_o out_o of_o europe_n weave_v of_o gold_n silver_n or_o the_o like_a which_o be_v strange_a unto_o they_o they_o will_v immediate_o endeavour_v to_o work_v the_o same_o and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n will_v accomplish_v what_o they_o undertake_v for_o i_o give_v a_o chinese_n goldsmith_n a_o silver_n button_n to_o make_v a_o set_a by_o and_o the_o next_o day_n he_o bring_v to_o my_o lodging_n what_o i_o have_v bespeak_v very_o curious_o wrought_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v use_v to_o such_o work_n though_o he_o have_v never_o do_v the_o like_a before_o which_o argue_v their_o ingenuity_n to_o be_v very_o great_a among_o other_o fowl_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o this_o country_n be_v great_a store_n of_o duck_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v the_o art_n and_o way_n to_o raise_v and_o increase_v beyond_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o neighbour_n this_o province_n be_v govern_v as_o also_o each_o of_o the_o other_o province_n in_o the_o emperor_n name_n by_o governor_n who_o by_o those_o of_o europe_n because_o their_o office_n and_o employment_n much_o resemble_v vice-roys_n be_v call_v petty_a king_n who_o common_o reside_v in_o the_o first_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n when_o we_o be_v at_o canton_n quantung_n be_v govern_v by_o two_o vice-roys_n whereof_o one_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o year_n be_v call_v the_o old_a and_o the_o other_o the_o young_a viceroy_n the_o portuguese_n call_v the_o young_a viceroy_n halick_n mancebo_fw-la the_o vice-roys_n of_o quantung_n take_v place_n of_o all_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o other_o province_n because_o situate_v upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o far_o remote_a from_o the_o imperial_a city_n peking_n and_o border_n also_o upon_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o highway_n be_v trouble_v with_o robber_n and_o the_o sea_n with_o pirate_n therefore_o the_o emperor_n order_n that_o the_o vice-roys_n of_o quantung_n shall_v command_v over_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n though_o this_o last_o as_o the_o other_o province_n have_v also_o particular_a vice-roys_n this_o country_n be_v former_o a_o kingdom_n of_o itself_o and_o call_v nainve_v and_o first_o bring_v under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o race_n of_o cheva_n yet_o however_o it_o do_v not_o continue_v long_o under_o that_o power_n but_o revolt_v and_o will_v be_v rule_v by_o none_o but_o the_o king_n of_o nainve_v the_o emperor_n hiaorus_fw-la of_o the_o family_n of_o hana_n at_o last_o conquer_v this_o part_n since_o which_o time_n it_o have_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n in_o this_o province_n be_v ten_o chief_a city_n and_o seventy_o three_o small_a city_n city_n without_o reckon_v among_o they_o the_o city_n of_o maccao_n famous_a for_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n the_o ten_o chief_a city_n be_v these_o quancheu_fw-la or_o canton_n xaocheu_o nanhiung_a hoeicheu_o chaocheu_o chaok_v kaocheu_o liencheu_o lincheu_o and_o kiuncheu_fw-la the_o chief_a city_n of_o quancheu_fw-la command_v over_o fifteen_o small_a city_n among_o which_o i_o do_v not_o reckon_v maccao_n though_o it_o lie_v under_o the_o command_n of_o this_o chief_a city_n the_o 15_o small_a one_o of_o this_o great_a city_n be_v these_o quancheu_fw-la or_o canton_n xunte_n tangvon_n cengch_v hiangxan_n sinhoei_n cingyven_v sin_v cunghoa_o lungumen_n sanxui_fw-la lien_n jangxan_n tienxan_n and_o singan_n the_o second_o capital_a city_n xaocheu_o command_v over_o six_o small_a city_n xaocheu_o locang_v giughoa_o juyven_v ungyen_n and_o ingote_n the_o country_n about_o this_o chief_a city_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n full_a of_o hill_n the_o three_o chief_a city_n be_v nanhiung_a or_o nanhung_a and_o command_v over_o two_o city_n nanhiung_a and_o xihe_v the_o four_o chief_a city_n be_v hoeicheu_o and_o command_v over_o 10_o small_a city_n hoeicheu_o polo_n haifung_a hove_v lungchuen_n changlo_n hingn_v hope_v change_a and_o junggan_n the_o five_o chief_a city_n be_v chaocheu_o and_o command_v likewise_o over_o 10_o small_a city_n chaocheu_o chaoyang_n kieyang_n chinghiang_n jaop_v tapu_n hoeilai_n cinghai_n puning_n and_o pingyven_v the_o six_o chief_a city_n be_v chaok_v and_o command_v over_o eleven_o city_n chaok_v sinhoei_n sinhing_n yangchun_n yangkiang_n caom_v genp_a teke_a quangn_v fuchuen_n and_o kalklen_n the_o seven_o chief_a city_n be_v caocheu_o and_o command_v over_o six_o small_a city_n caocheu_o tienpe_a sing_v hoa_o vuchnen_a and_o xech_v the_o eight_o chief_a city_n be_v lieucheu_o and_o command_v over_o four_o small_a city_n lieucheu_o knig_n lingxan_n and_o xelien_n the_o nine_o chief_a city_n be_v luicheu_o and_o command_v over_o three_o small_a city_n luichtu_fw-la sniki_n and_o siuven_o the_o ten_o chief_a city_n be_v kiuncheu_o situate_v in_o the_o island_n of_o hainan_n and_o command_v over_o twelve_o small_a city_n kiuncheu_o lincao_n tingan_n veuchung_a hoeitung_n lohoei_n chen_n changhoa_n van_n linxui_fw-la yes_fw-mi and_o cangen_n in_o this_o whole_a province_n be_v ten_o fort_n or_o castle_n which_o serve_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o province_n and_o the_o sea_n the_o name_n whereof_o be_v these_o tach_n tung_n hanxan_n ginghai_n kiacu_fw-la kiexe_n ciex_v hiung_a junch_v and_o ciungling_n the_o chinese_n toll-book_n wherein_o the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n of_o each_o province_n be_v set_v down_o make_v mention_n of_o four_o hundred_o eighty_o three_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o family_n and_o nineteen_o hundred_o seventy_o eight_o thousand_o and_o twenty_o fight_a man_n in_o this_o province_n the_o tax_n which_o this_o province_n pay_v yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n amount_v to_o ten_o hundred_o seventeen_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o two_o bag_n of_o rice_n and_o seven_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o weight_n of_o salt_n canton_n on_o the_o water_n side_n the_o city_n be_v defend_v with_o two_o row_n of_o high_a and_o thick_a wall_n which_o be_v strengthen_v with_o bulwark_n watch-tower_n and_o other_o fort_n and_o beside_o these_o work_n there_o be_v two_o other_o strong_a water-castle_n which_o be_v build_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o river_n render_v this_o city_n invincible_a one_o of_o these_o two_o castle_n which_o i_o see_v myself_o and_o which_o do_v not_o much_o differ_v in_o any_o thing_n from_o the_o other_o i_o take_v a_o exact_a draught_n of_o which_o you_o have_v here_o present_v show_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o place_n and_o in_o what_o manner_n build_v the_o city_n be_v likewise_o defend_v and_o surround_v on_o the_o land_n side_n with_o a_o strong_a wall_n and_o five_o strong_a castle_n whereof_o some_o be_v within_o the_o wall_n and_o other_o without_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o steep_a hill_n so_o that_o this_o city_n be_v sufficient_o both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n defend_v against_o all_o the_o invasion_n of_o any_o enemy_n whatsoever_o and_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o seem_v invincible_a what_o concern_v the_o idol-temple_n court_n and_o palace_n of_o great_a lord_n and_o other_o rare_a edifice_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v here_o there_o be_v no_o city_n in_o all_o asia_n that_o show_v the_o like_a here_o also_o be_v several_a triumphal_a arch_n which_o have_v be_v erect_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o such_o as_o have_v do_v their_o country_n service_n they_o be_v no_o small_a
belong_v to_o the_o imperial_a palace_n but_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o disorder_n and_o in_o a_o decay_a condition_n without_o any_o furniture_n but_o two_o or_o three_o break_a bench_n some_o kettle_n and_o a_o few_o little_a dish_n for_o thea._n his_o horse_n mule_n ass_n dromedary_n and_o camel_n go_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o court_n the_o stable_n be_v all_o ruine_a and_o spoil_v from_o this_o tartar_n lodging_n the_o ambassador_n be_v conduct_v by_o the_o agent_n to_o his_o own_o house_n to_o a_o sumptuous_a dinner_n than_o make_v ready_a by_o his_o order_n for_o they_o where_o he_o entertain_v they_o till_o night_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o dainty_n which_o do_v they_o thank_v he_o for_o his_o great_a kindness_n and_o civility_n take_v their_o leaf_n and_o return_v aboard_o their_o vessel_n in_o which_o they_o lie_v all_o their_o voyage_n both_o to_o and_o from_o peking_n except_o at_o canton_n nangan_n and_o peking_n this_o stately_a city_n which_o without_o parallel_n be_v the_o diadem_n of_o all_o china_n lie_v about_o thirty_o five_o mile_n from_o the_o forementioned_a taip_n on_o the_o east-side_n of_o the_o river_n kiang_n and_o in_o 32_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n her_o situation_n be_v most_o pleasant_a and_o the_o soil_n luxurious_o fruitful_a the_o river_n run_v quite_o through_o this_o city_n whereof_o some_o stream_n be_v navigable_a for_o great_a vessel_n here_o be_v former_o keep_v the_o court_n of_o the_o old_a chinese_n emperor_n the_o residence_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n of_o u_o cyu_n cung_n ci_o leang_v chin_n and_o tanga_n here_o also_o reign_v many_o lustre_n the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n till_o they_o remove_v to_o peking_n the_o better_a to_o prevent_v the_o invasion_n and_o design_n of_o the_o tartar_n the_o founder_n of_o this_o city_n be_v gnens_n king_n of_o cuckoe_n who_o name_v it_o kinling_n which_o signify_v a_o golden_a country_n afterward_o the_o first_o branch_n of_o the_o race_n of_o cina_n call_v it_o moling_n the_o king_n of_o u_o who_o keep_v their_o court_n in_o this_o city_n call_v it_o kienye_v the_o race_n of_o tanga_n give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o kiangxin_n but_o that_o of_o taiminga_fw-mi call_v it_o ingcien_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o tartar_n who_o not_o many_o year_n since_o overran_a and_o conquer_v all_o china_n give_v it_o again_o the_o name_n of_o kiangx_v where_o this_o city_n border_n on_o the_o river_n kiang_n it_o have_v a_o broad_a and_o deep_a graâ—â—_n into_o which_o you_o come_v out_o of_o the_o kiang_n up_o to_o the_o town_n about_o half_a a_o mile_n within_o the_o land_n here_o they_o pass_v over_o on_o a_o bridge_n of_o boat_n which_o bring_v they_o convenient_o into_o the_o city_n who_o east-side_n which_o run_v far_o into_o this_o country_n covers_z a_o flat_a with_o several_a navigable_a channel_n run_v through_o so_o that_o you_o may_v come_v with_o large_a vessel_n up_o to_o the_o town_n on_o that_o side_n over_o these_o channel_n be_v several_a stone_n bridges_n very_o rare_o build_v the_o chineses_n describe_v the_o circumference_n of_o this_o late_a wall_n by_o two_o horseman_n who_o in_o the_o morning_n set_v forth_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o gate_n part_v ride_v contrary_a and_o they_o say_v meet_v not_o till_o the_o close_a of_o the_o evening_n by_o which_o they_o will_v have_v we_o guess_v at_o the_o vast_a circumference_n of_o their_o city_n the_o first_o vesture_n of_o the_o city_n be_v above_o thirty_o foot_n high_a build_v artificial_o of_o stone_n with_o breast-works_a and_o watch-tower_n there_o be_v thirteen_o gate_n in_o this_o wall_n who_o door_n be_v plate_v with_o iron_n and_o guard_v continual_o with_o horse_n and_o foot_n some_o of_o these_o gate_n rest_v on_o four_o or_o five_o arch_n through_o which_o you_o pass_v before_o you_o come_v into_o the_o city_n we_o lay_v with_o our_o vessel_n before_o the_o gate_n suisimon_n or_o water-gate_n so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o people_n pass_v daily_o to_o and_o again_o through_o this_o gate_n that_o there_o be_v no_o get_n in_o or_o out_o without_o much_o crowd_v the_o chief_a street_n of_o this_o city_n be_v twenty_o eight_o pace_n broad_a very_o neat_o pave_v and_o straight_o in_o the_o night_n there_o be_v such_o good_a order_n observe_v for_o the_o prevent_n of_o house_n break_v or_o disturbance_n in_o the_o street_n that_o there_o be_v not_o the_o like_a in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o ordinary_a citizen_n house_n be_v but_o mean_a build_v without_o any_o convenience_n and_o stand_v all_o with_o the_o cross_a ridge_n next_o to_o the_o street_n they_o have_v but_o one_o door_n to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o and_o but_o one_o room_n to_o eat_v and_o sleep_v in_o next_o the_o street_n appear_v only_o a_o foursquare_a hole_n serve_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o window_n to_o let_v in_o light_n which_o be_v common_o cover_v with_o reed_n in_o stead_n of_o glass_n to_o prevent_v gazer_n from_o look_v in_o the_o house_n be_v but_o one_o story_n high_a be_v cover_v with_o white_a pan-tile_n and_o the_o outside_n white_v over_o with_o chalk_n such_o as_o dwell_v in_o these_o ordinary_a house_n drive_v very_o mean_a trade_n but_o the_o shop_n of_o the_o chief_a citizen_n and_o merchant_n be_v fill_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o rich_a chinese_n ware_n as_o cotton_n silk_n stuff_v china_n dish_n pearl_n diamond_n etc._n etc._n before_o each_o shop_n stand_v a_o board_n upon_o which_o be_v inscribe_v the_o name_n of_o the_o master_n in_o gold_n letter_n as_o also_o what_o good_n he_o sell_v beside_o these_o board_n stand_v a_o high_a pole_n which_o reach_v above_o the_o house_n upon_o which_o they_o hang_v pennon_n and_o flag_n or_o something_o whereby_o they_o as_o we_o in_o europe_n with_o our_o sign_n make_v know_v their_o habitation_n they_o have_v not_o here_o nor_o in_o all_o china_n any_o coin_v money_n but_o use_v in_o stead_n thereof_o small_a piece_n of_o silver_n which_o be_v of_o different_a value_n and_o weight_n and_o though_o you_o buy_v never_o so_o little_a you_o must_v always_o have_v a_o pair_n of_o scale_n about_o you_o if_o you_o will_v not_o be_v cheat_v in_o the_o weight_n by_o these_o crafty_a chineses_n for_o they_o have_v common_o two_o sort_n of_o weight_n by_o they_o and_o be_v so_o nimble_a and_o deceitful_a in_o their_o balance_a that_o you_o have_v need_n of_o argus_n eye_n when_o you_o buy_v any_o thing_n of_o they_o this_o great_a city_n be_v also_o so_o populous_a that_o there_o be_v above_o 1000000_o people_n dwell_v in_o it_o and_o yet_o provision_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v to_o be_v have_v there_o in_o great_a abundance_n at_o a_o small_a rate_n all_o the_o year_n long_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n round_o about_o among_o other_o fruit_n there_o be_v most_o delicious_a cherry_n sell_v very_o cheap_a in_o this_o city_n beside_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o people_n there_o lie_v a_o garrison_n of_o 40000_o tartar_n here_o reside_v also_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o southern_a province_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o emperor_n this_o city_n likewise_o exceed_v any_o other_o in_o china_n for_o stately_a idol-temple_n tower_n rare_a edifice_n and_o triumphal_a arch_n but_o the_o emperor_n court_n or_o palace_n former_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o building_n wherein_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n be_v wont_a to_o reside_v with_o the_o same_o state_n and_o pomp_n as_o now_o at_o present_a the_o great_a cham_n do_v at_o peking_n this_o palace_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o city_n build_v foursquare_a and_o surround_v with_o a_o wall_n which_o contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o city_n each_o side_n of_o the_o square_a wherein_o this_o palace_n be_v include_v contain_v in_o length_n one_o italian_a mile_n and_o three_o part_n of_o a_o dutch_a mile_n and_o as_o near_o as_o can_v be_v guess_v by_o the_o decay_a wall_n or_o may_v be_v learn_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n this_o court_n or_o palace_n with_o all_o belong_v thereto_o be_v as_o big_a as_o haerlem_n in_o holland_n within_o the_o first_o great_a gate_n lie_v a_o large_a court_n which_o lead_v to_o the_o four_o square_n and_o be_v pave_v with_o fine_a smooth_a stone_n the_o tartar_n seat_v themselves_o near_o a_o idol-temple_n call_v paolinxi_fw-la where_o they_o build_v themselves_o several_a hut_n leave_v the_o chineses_n to_o dwell_v in_o the_o city_n and_o there_o to_o drive_v their_o trade_n the_o building_n be_v all_o of_o a_o hard_a sort_n of_o stone_n which_o the_o native_n have_v most_o curious_o paint_v with_o a_o yellow_a colour_n so_o that_o when_o the_o sun_n reflect_v on_o they_o they_o shine_v like_o gold_n over_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o second_o court_n of_o this_o palace_n hang_v a_o great_a bell_n about_z 10_o or_o
undefended_a be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o chinese_n themselves_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o they_o in_o their_o map_n neither_o be_v they_o number_v by_o they_o the_o eight_o great_a city_n be_v xuntien_n or_o peking_n paot_v hokien_n chint_v xunte_n quanp_v tame_v and_o jungp_v xuntien_n or_o peking_n the_o imperial_a city_n and_o where_o at_o present_a the_o great_a cham_n keep_v his_o court_n command_v over_o 26_o city_n and_o prescribe_v they_o their_o law_n as_o xuntien_n xuny_n chanp_v leanghiang_n mieyun_n hoatjo_n kugan_n jungce_v tungan_n hiangho_n tung_n sanho_n vuce_v paoti_n cho_n fangxan_n pa_n vengan_n tach_n poot_v ki_n jatien_n fungjung_a cunhoa_o pingko_n and_o que._n among_o these_o tung_n cho_n pa_n and_o ki_v be_v the_o chief_a and_o may_v be_v compare_v with_o capital_a city_n for_o bigness_n and_o magnificence_n paot_v command_v over_o 20_o small_a city_n as_o paot_v muonch_a ganso_n tingh_v sinch_a thank_fw-mi poye_fw-fr kingtu_fw-fr jungch_v huon_n ly_n hiung_a khi_fw-la kince_n tunglo_n begin_v caoyang_n singan_n you_o and_o laixui_fw-la hokien_fw-mi command_v over_o 18_o city_n as_o hokien_n hien_n neuch_v son_a gnikien_n kiacho_fw-it ce_v hingci_n cinghai_n ningcin_n king_n ukiao_n tungquang_n kuch_v cang_v nanpi_n jenxan_n and_o kingyun_n among_o which_o cang_n be_v the_o chief_a chint_v command_v over_o 32_o city_n as_o chint_v chink_a hoclo_n lungxeu_o khoch_v loch_a vukie_n pingxan_n heup_v ting_n snilo_n kioyang_n hintang_n ki_n nancung_n sinho_n caokiang_n vuye_n cyn_n gang_v jaoyang_n vukiang_n chaos_n pohiang_n lungp_v caoye_n lince_a ganboang_v ningcin_n xui_o hengxui_fw-la and_o yuenxi_fw-la among_o these_o ting_n chaos_n and_o xin_o be_v the_o chief_a xunte_n command_v over_o nine_o city_n as_o xunte_v xabo_n nanbo_n pinghiang_n quangcung_n kiulo_n thangxan_n ninkieu_o and_o gin._n quanp_v command_v likewise_o over_o nine_o city_n as_o quanp_v kiocheu_o fihiang_n kioe_v hantan_o quanpung_a chinggan_n guei_n and_o cingho_n tame_v command_v over_o eleven_o city_n as_o tame_v yam_a nanlo_n guei_n cingfung_a nuihoang_v siun_z hoa_o caiazzo_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o eleven_o changyven_v and_o tungm_v jungp_v command_v over_o six_o city_n as_o jungp_v ciengan_n vuning_n changly_n lo_n and_o lotung_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v three_o city_n more_o as_o yenp_v junp_a and_o paogan_n which_o be_v situate_a upon_o very_o advantageous_a place_n and_o be_v build_v to_o resist_v the_o force_n of_o the_o tartar_n when_o they_o shall_v march_v beyond_o the_o wall_n in_o this_o province_n be_v fourteen_o garrison_n which_o be_v chief_o contrive_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o wall_n the_o name_n whereof_o be_v these_o siven_fw-mi vansve_v hoaigan_n caip_v cungnuen_n change_v begin_v chech_v juncheu_o vunin_n thou_o jungp_v xangas_n and_o tiencin_n the_o chinese_n register_n wherein_o the_o number_n of_o the_o people_n of_o this_o province_n be_v set_v down_o make_v mention_n of_o four_o hundred_o eighty_o thousand_o nine_o hundred_o eighty_o nine_o family_n and_o thirty_o four_o hundred_o fifty_o two_o thousand_o two_o hunered_a and_o fifty_o four_o fight_a men._n the_o revenue_n of_o this_o province_n pay_v yearly_o to_o the_o emperor_n consist_v of_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o eleven_o hundred_o fifty_o three_o sack_n of_o salt_n rice_n and_o corn_n two_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o four_o pound_n of_o unwrought_a fine_a flax_n forty_o five_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o five_o pound_n of_o wrought_a silk_n thirteen_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o forty_o eight_o pound_n of_o cotton_n one_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o thousand_o eight_o hundred_o and_o seventy_o weight_n of_o salt_n eighty_o seven_o hundred_o thirty_o seven_o thousand_o seven_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o four_o truss_n of_o hay_n or_o straw_n beside_o several_a other_o tax_n which_o be_v pay_v in_o money_n upon_o the_o 26._o of_o june_n we_o come_v to_o kuch_v the_o first_o place_n we_o come_v at_o in_o this_o province_n of_o peking_n and_o the_o fourteen_o small_a city_n under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o three_o chief_a city_n of_o hokien_n in_o the_o province_n of_o peking_n this_o city_n which_o we_o find_v situate_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n lie_v about_o twenty_o three_o mile_n from_o vuch_v in_o a_o even_a and_o flat_a country_n yet_o very_o delightful_a in_o prospect_n her_o wall_n be_v high_a well_o build_v and_o abound_v in_o people_n and_o trade_n her_o suburb_n very_o magnificent_a we_o make_v no_o stay_n here_o but_o hasten_v on_o towards_o peking_n and_o by_o the_o way_n we_o see_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n whole_a field_n full_a of_o tree_n upon_o with_o the_o cotton-wooll_n grow_v which_o occasion_n a_o mighty_a trade_n in_o the_o adjacent_a part_n upon_o the_o 28._o we_o come_v to_o tacheu_o which_o some_o call_v ukiao_n account_v the_o twelve_o small_a city_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o same_o hâ—kien_fw-fr lie_v about_o eighteen_o mile_n from_o kuch_v situate_a on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n and_o surround_v with_o a_o wall_n of_o thirty_o foot_n high_a strengthen_v with_o bulwark_n and_o watch-tower_n well_o build_v and_o adorn_v with_o several_a temple_n have_v also_o a_o large_a suburb_n which_o reach_v far_o upon_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n in_o this_o city_n be_v the_o staple_n of_o the_o drink_n zamsou_n make_v of_o rice_n and_o drink_v in_o stead_n of_o wine_n the_o inhabitant_n export_v this_o liquor_n through_o all_o part_n of_o china_n which_o occasion_n a_o great_a commerce_n in_o this_o place_n for_o both_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n come_v with_o their_o vessel_n far_o and_o near_o to_o be_v freight_v with_o this_o drink_n which_o they_o afterward_o transport_v to_o other_o place_n the_o chineses_n tell_v we_o that_o about_o ten_o mile_n from_o this_o tacheu_fw-la near_o to_o the_o second_o small_a city_n call_v hien_n be_v a_o pool_n call_v vo_o who_o water_n turn_v as_o red_a as_o blood_n if_o you_o fling_v a_o stick_n into_o it_o and_o that_o from_o the_o leave_n which_o fall_v from_o those_o tree_n which_o grow_v about_o this_o lake_n come_v forth_o immediate_o live_v swallow_n upon_o the_o 28._o of_o june_n we_o sail_v by_o tonquam_fw-la with_o fair_a wind_n and_o wether_n it_o lie_v likewise_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n about_o a_o musquet-shot_a from_o the_o stream_n and_o be_v account_v the_o thirteen_o small_a city_n under_o the_o chief_a city_n hokien_n this_o place_n a_o privilege_n not_o grant_v to_o any_o other_o have_v a_o guard_n only_o of_o chineses_n build_v as_o the_o rest_n square_a and_o fence_v with_o a_o thick_a and_o strong_a wall_n encompass_v also_o with_o a_o deep_a and_o broad_a moat_n or_o trench_n the_o field_n near_o the_o town_n be_v curious_o plant_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o fruit_n tree_n the_o adjacent_a country_n of_o this_o as_o also_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n hokien_n within_o which_o jurisdiction_n this_o tonquam_fw-la be_v situate_a lie_v flat_a and_o much_o upon_o a_o clay_n towards_o the_o east_n lie_v large_a and_o flat_a field_n be_v wash_v by_o the_o great_a indian_a sea_n from_o whence_o be_v continual_o fetch_v great_a store_n of_o salt_n upon_o the_o desire_n of_o pinxenton_n the_o ambassador_n send_v i_o and_o some_o other_o of_o their_o follower_n with_o twelve_o tartar_n soldier_n into_o the_o city_n to_o see_v a_o lion_n make_v of_o iron_n which_o they_o report_v to_o be_v extraordinary_a large_a and_o terrible_a stand_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o marketplace_n but_o the_o chinese_n when_o they_o see_v we_o come_v shut_v their_o gate_n upon_o we_o and_o hide_v themselves_o in_o their_o house_n be_v strike_v with_o terror_n for_o fear_n of_o the_o hollander_n so_o that_o we_o be_v necessitate_v to_o return_v back_o to_o our_o vessel_n without_o enter_v into_o the_o city_n pinxenton_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o chineses_n tell_v we_o of_o several_a other_o strange_a thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o this_o city_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o unwillingness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o give_v we_o entrance_n i_o see_v none_o of_o they_o and_o so_o can_v only_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o outward_a structure_n of_o the_o same_o as_o it_o lay_v vest_v with_o large_a wall_n upon_o the_o second_o of_o july_n we_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n before_o the_o city_n of_o sanglo_n about_o fifty_o five_o mile_n from_o tonquam_fw-la upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o river_n guei_n this_o city_n lie_v a_o little_a distant_a from_o the_o river_n and_o have_v very_o brave_a suburb_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o bank_n which_o be_v well_o build_v and_o full_a of_o people_n and_o trade_n here_o dwell_v a_o great_a number_n of_o tartar_n and_o of_o a_o more_o considerable_a quality_n than_o any_o we_o find_v in_o our_o whole_a voyage_n who_o no_o soon_o hear_v of_o our_o arrival_n but_o they_o immediate_o
gate_n guard_v with_o the_o black_a elephant_n through_o this_o porch_n be_v fifty_o pace_n long_o and_o build_v upon_o five_o stately_a arch_n you_o come_v into_o the_o first_o quadrangle_n which_o be_v also_o four_o hundred_o pace_n large_a and_o whether_o we_o be_v bring_v by_o pinxenton_n as_o have_v be_v already_o say_v to_o expect_v with_o the_o other_o ambassador_n the_o come_n of_o the_o emperor_n this_o plain_n be_v well_o build_v with_o uniform_a and_o stately_a house_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o three_o more_o lofty_a and_o fortify_v edifice_n which_o be_v so_o strengthen_v with_o high_a thick_a wall_n and_o bulwark_n that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v the_o place_n from_o this_o court_n there_o be_v passage_n underneath_o the_o three_o great_a structure_n which_o lead_v into_o a_o second_o quadrangle_n of_o four_o hundred_o pace_n wide_a build_v and_o adorn_v with_o brave_a building_n as_o the_o former_a from_o hence_o you_o pass_v into_o the_o three_o and_o last_o plain_n also_o square_a and_o of_o the_o same_o bigness_n with_o the_o former_a this_o quadrangle_n which_o lie_v direct_o in_o the_o cross_n and_o pave_v with_o gray_a stone_n the_o great_a cham_n choose_v himself_o for_o his_o own_o residence_n here_o also_o be_v most_o sumptuous_a and_o costly_a building_n but_o the_o chief_a among_o these_o be_v four_o which_o exceed_v all_o the_o rest_n in_o magnificence_n art_n and_o beauty_n and_o take_v up_o at_o least_o a_o three_o part_n of_o three_o side_n of_o the_o court._n direct_o forward_o appear_v the_o building_n where_o his_o imperial_a majesty_n sit_v upon_o his_o throne_n and_o which_o be_v far_o more_o stately_a and_o sumptuous_a than_o the_o former_a into_o which_o you_o enter_v through_o three_o ample_a and_o curious_a arch_n in_o this_o three_o court_n reside_v only_o the_o emperor_n and_o empress_n and_o none_o be_v permit_v to_o enter_v here_o but_o their_o attendant_n such_o show_v this_o palace_n within_o if_o you_o go_v through_o the_o south-gate_n straight_o to_o the_o three_o plain_n or_o the_o emperor_n be_v abide_v the_o like_a court_n and_o as_o many_o appear_v go_v through_o the_o other_o gate_n with_o all_o such_o building_n and_o adornment_n for_o the_o whole_a circumference_n of_o the_o court_n be_v cut_v through_o in_o the_o middle_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o cross_n and_o in_o several_a place_n equal_o and_o orderly_o divide_v without_o the_o three_o plain_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o court_n and_o upon_o which_o stand_v the_o emperor_n building_n be_v several_a pleasant_a garden_n palace_n wood_n pool_n river_n and_o delicate_a summer-house_n which_o the_o emperor_n cause_v to_o be_v make_v for_o his_o pleasure_n and_o each_o be_v so_o large_a that_o it_o be_v fit_a enough_o for_o any_o prince_n to_o live_v in_o so_o that_o this_o palace_n contain_v several_a court_n for_o king_n within_o the_o wall_n each_o of_o the_o emperor_n child_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v ten_o year_n old_a be_v settle_v in_o one_o of_o these_o quadrangle_v the_o four_o concubine_n who_o the_o emperor_n have_v choose_v from_o among_o the_o rest_n for_o his_o peculiar_a pleasure_n have_v also_o each_o of_o they_o without_o the_o three_o plain_n a_o particular_a dwelling_n or_o court_n where_o they_o keep_v state_n and_o which_o be_v build_v opposite_a to_o the_o four_o corner_n of_o the_o world_n face_v the_o four_o principal_a wind_n there_o be_v beside_o in_o this_o court_n a_o great_a many_o other_o house_n and_o dwelling_n for_o their_o priest_n artificer_n servant_n and_o other_o it_o be_v affirm_v to_o i_o that_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o person_n reside_v here_o amount_n at_o least_o to_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o thousand_o all_o the_o edifice_n which_o be_v very_o many_o be_v most_o rich_o adorn_v with_o gild_a gallery_n balcones_n and_o carve_v imagery_n to_o the_o admiration_n of_o all_o that_o ever_o â—aw_v they_o each_o dwelling_n have_v a_o large_a penthouse_n so_o that_o you_o may_v walk_v dry_a in_o rainy_n weather_n most_o of_o the_o timber_n which_o appear_v on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o house_n be_v either_o gilt_n or_o colour_v over_o with_o a_o certain_a gum_n which_o they_o call_v cie_n much_o in_o use_n among_o they_o and_o wherewith_o they_o colour_n or_o paint_v their_o householdstuff_n ship_n and_o house_n that_o they_o make_v they_o shine_v and_o glitter_v like_o looking-glass_n all_o the_o roof_n of_o the_o building_n be_v cover_v with_o yellow_a glaze_v pantile_n which_o shine_n when_o the_o sun_n reflect_v on_o they_o bright_a than_o gold_n and_o this_o have_v give_v some_o occasion_n to_o think_v that_o the_o roof_n of_o this_o royal_a palace_n be_v cover_v with_o pure_a gold_n whereas_o in_o truth_n the_o tile_n be_v only_o make_v of_o clay_n and_o glaze_v and_o neil_v over_o with_o artificial_a yellow_n but_o yet_o as_o i_o be_v tell_v each_o of_o these_o tile_n be_v fasten_v with_o a_o iron_n nail_n whereof_o the_o head_n be_v gild_v which_o make_v so_o much_o the_o more_o splendour_n beside_o the_o abovementioned_a channel_n or_o graff_n which_o be_v very_o shallow_a and_o overgrow_v with_o weed_n there_o be_v yet_o another_o in_o this_o palace_n which_o do_v run_v through_o the_o whole_a court_n with_o several_a wind_n and_o turn_n and_o serve_v to_o water_v the_o garden_n and_o wood_n this_o receive_v its_o water_n from_o the_o river_n the_fw-mi which_o spring_v from_o a_o pool_n call_v si_fw-mi near_o to_o the_o mountain_n jacve_v and_o be_v within_o the_o emperor_n court_n so_o broad_a and_o deep_a that_o it_o will_v bear_v great_a vessel_n which_o come_v lade_v in_o to_o the_o great_a convenience_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n this_o river_n send_v also_o its_o stream_n to_o those_o rock_n or_o cliff_n make_v by_o art_n whereof_o we_o former_o make_v mention_v there_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n wherein_o the_o chineses_n show_v their_o ingenuity_n more_o than_o in_o these_o rock_n or_o artificial_a hill_n which_o be_v so_o curious_o wrought_v that_o art_n seem_v to_o exceed_v nature_n these_o cliff_n be_v make_v of_o a_o sort_n of_o stone_n and_o sometime_o of_o marble_n and_o so_o rare_o adorn_v with_o tree_n and_o flower_n that_o all_o that_o see_v they_o be_v surprise_v with_o admiration_n rich_a and_o wealthy_a people_n especial_o the_o great_a lord_n and_o mandorin_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o rock_n in_o their_o court_n and_o palace_n upon_o which_o they_o squander_v a_o good_a part_n of_o their_o estate_n it_o be_v tell_v i_o of_o a_o certainty_n that_o somewhere_o about_o peking_n there_o be_v some_o rock_n which_o contain_v chamber_n closet_n parlour_n vyver_n stair_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o tree_n so_o curious_o wrought_v and_o adorn_v by_o art_n that_o the_o like_a be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o whole_a world_n these_o artificial_a mountain_n or_o cliff_n be_v common_o contrive_v with_o chamber_n and_o antichamber_n for_o a_o defence_n against_o the_o scorch_a heat_n in_o summer_n and_o to_o refresh_v and_o delight_v the_o spirit_n for_o they_o common_o make_v their_o great_a enterainment_n in_o these_o grot_n and_o the_o learned_a seek_v to_o study_v in_o they_o rather_o than_o any_o other_o place_n if_o i_o shall_v relate_v all_o the_o other_o artificial_a ornament_n as_o of_o garden_n wilderness_n pool_n and_o other_o particular_n which_o adorn_v this_o court_n i_o shall_v far_o exceed_v the_o bound_n of_o what_o i_o intend_v and_o perhaps_o to_o some_o of_o belief_n but_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v shall_v suffice_v to_o set_v forth_o the_o wonder_n of_o this_o most_o magnificent_a palace_n great_a endeavour_n be_v use_v by_o i_o to_o observe_v what_o be_v most_o remarkable_a and_o worth_a take_v notice_n of_o as_o far_o as_o the_o shortness_n of_o our_o stay_n will_v permit_v especial_o concern_v its_o situation_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n at_o peking_n that_o the_o ambassador_n after_o their_o address_n to_o the_o emperor_n in_o token_n that_o their_o affair_n be_v dispatch_v be_v entertain_v with_o three_o treatment_n in_o the_o name_n and_o behalf_n of_o the_o emperor_n upon_o the_o ten_o twenty_o and_o thirty_o day_n after_o their_o audience_n so_o that_o these_o entertainment_n take_v up_o a_o whole_a month_n before_o they_o be_v end_v but_o in_o regard_v our_o ambassador_n be_v desirous_a to_o make_v what_o haste_n they_o can_v home_n again_o the_o providore_n have_v obtain_v leave_n of_o the_o emperor_n not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n that_o these_o three_o feast_n shall_v be_v give_v they_o upon_o three_o follow_a day_n at_o two_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n upon_o the_o same_o day_n that_o we_o have_v be_v at_o court_n before_o the_o emperor_n the_o ambassador_n be_v invite_v together_o with_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n and_o other_o as_o also_o the_o captain_n and_o soldier_n who_o
chief_a gate_n which_o make_v twelve_o in_o the_o whole_a and_o next_o to_o each_o of_o these_o stand_v a_o most_o stately_a edifice_n wherein_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o city_n be_v preserve_v the_o street_n run_v so_o straight_o that_o you_o may_v see_v quite_o through_o the_o city_n from_o one_o gate_n to_o another_o and_o build_v on_o both_o side_n with_o brave_a large_a house_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o city_n stand_v a_o most_o noble_a idol-temple_n wherein_o hang_v a_o very_a large_a bell_n which_o they_o ring_v three_o time_n in_o a_o evening_n after_o which_o no_o body_n be_v to_o go_v out_o of_o his_o house_n till_o the_o next_o morning_n unless_o it_o be_v for_o the_o sick_a or_o to_o visit_v their_o friend_n and_o whosoever_o go_v out_o after_o the_o bell_n have_v ring_v must_v take_v a_o light_n with_o he_o each_o gate_n be_v watch_v by_o a_o thousand_o soldier_n not_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o a_o enemy_n but_o against_o thief_n and_o rogue_n who_o be_v very_o numerous_a about_o this_o city_n the_o ambassador_n have_v take_v their_o leaf_n of_o all_o the_o grandee_n and_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o rix-council_n depart_v out_o of_o this_o famous_a imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n and_o be_v come_v without_o the_o gate_n thereof_o they_o make_v a_o halt_n to_o stay_v for_o some_o of_o the_o wagon_n that_o be_v behind_o by_o which_o mean_v i_o have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o take_v a_o further_a view_n thereof_o how_o the_o same_o be_v situate_a and_o how_o that_o famous_a and_o far_o renown_v wall_n do_v separate_v tartary_n and_o china_n and_o take_v its_o course_n quite_o through_o the_o mountain_n a_o true_a description_n whereof_o i_o here_o give_v you_o so_o far_o do_v this_o wall_n reach_v from_o east_n to_o west_n that_o it_o take_v in_o four_o province_n as_o leaotung_v peking_n xansi_fw-la and_o xensi_fw-la it_o contain_v three_o hundred_o dutch_a mile_n in_o length_n and_o begin_v at_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v situate_a between_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n and_o the_o hang_a island_n of_o corea_n where_o the_o river_n yalo_n flow_v out_o of_o the_o eastern_a tartary_n from_o thence_o it_o reach_v towards_o the_o west_n to_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o city_n kin_n in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la near_o to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o yellow_a river_n it_o run_v quite_o through_o in_o a_o direct_a line_n but_o have_v turn_n and_o wind_n in_o some_o place_n yet_o be_v no_o where_o break_v off_o or_o part_v only_o near_a to_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o province_n of_o xansi_fw-la lie_v a_o very_a high_a mountain_n which_o make_v a_o separation_n in_o the_o wall_n to_o give_v way_n to_o this_o mountain_n also_o where_o it_o give_v passage_n to_o the_o yellow_a river_n it_o have_v a_o breach_n for_o so_o much_o space_n but_o for_o other_o small_a river_n they_o run_v through_o the_o wall_n without_o any_o separation_n by_o arch_n and_o sluice_n otherwise_o it_o be_v every_o where_o alike_o it_o be_v 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provide_v by_o order_n of_o the_o emperor_n these_o vessel_n they_o call_v jonken_a and_o be_v very_o large_a have_v several_a convenience_n but_o lay_v so_o low_a and_o sluggish_a upon_o the_o water_n that_o they_o dare_v not_o venture_v themselves_o in_o they_o lest_o they_o shall_v not_o arrive_v at_o canton_n soon_o enough_o but_o be_v force_v to_o winter_n there_o therefore_o the_o ambassador_n to_o make_v no_o difference_n or_o hatred_n between_o the_o mandorin_n and_o our_o old_a skipper_n take_v neither_o the_o new_a jonkens_n nor_o their_o old_a ship_n but_o hire_v small_a vessel_n to_o make_v the_o more_o speed_n and_o have_v take_v order_n about_o our_o business_n and_o ship_v our_o good_n we_o set_v sail_n again_o from_o this_o sansianwey_n with_o the_o tartarian_a lord_n who_o the_o emperor_n have_v order_v to_o attend_v the_o ambassador_n together_o with_o the_o mandorin_n of_o canton_n and_o come_v late_o in_o the_o night_n to_o a_o small_a village_n upon_o the_o river_n guei_n where_o we_o continue_v till_o morning_n pinxenton_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n part_v from_o we_o at_o sancianwey_n and_o take_v his_o way_n over_o land_n to_o lince_a where_o we_o have_v leave_v his_o wife_n and_o child_n as_o we_o go_v to_o peking_n in_o our_o return_n from_o peking_n to_o canton_n we_o take_v the_o same_o way_n we_o come_v but_o pass_v by_o several_a city_n and_o village_n without_o enter_v into_o they_o upon_o the_o 23._o of_o october_n we_o come_v to_o singlo_n and_o the_o next_o day_n to_o sincocien_n upon_o the_o 25._o we_o get_v to_o tonquam_fw-la and_o the_o 27._o to_o tacheu_fw-la upon_o the_o 31._o of_o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o get_v to_o lince_a where_o the_o ambassador_n be_v noble_o receive_v and_o treat_v by_o the_o mandorin_n pinxenton_n we_o stay_v here_o two_o or_o three_o day_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o say_v mandorin_n who_o make_v very_o much_o of_o we_o all_o that_o while_n and_o then_o we_o set_v sail_n with_o a_o good_a wind_n at_o north_n which_o blow_v so_o very_o hard_a and_o cold_a that_o we_o be_v hardly_o able_a to_o endure_v it_o upon_o the_o five_o of_o november_n have_v undergo_v much_o hardship_n we_o get_v to_o tunchant_v and_o the_o next_o day_n to_o xansiu_n where_o we_o can_v procure_v no_o fresh_a man_n to_o tow_n forward_o our_o vessel_n the_o ambassador_n to_o lose_v no_o long_o time_n hire_v such_o as_o they_o can_v meet_v withal_o in_o the_o street_n upon_o the_o eight_o of_o november_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o cinning_n and_o on_o the_o 13._o follow_v to_o tamincien_fw-fr from_o thence_o we_o get_v into_o the_o yellow_a river_n and_o on_o the_o 17._o to_o the_o city_n of_o jamcefu_n where_o the_o ambassador_n be_v hearty_o welcome_v by_o the_o base_a brother_n of_o the_o
foot_n low_o than_o when_o we_o come_v we_o discover_v here_o the_o top_n of_o several_a dangerous_a rock_n which_o appear_v very_o dreadful_a to_o we_o and_o make_v we_o sensible_a of_o the_o great_a danger_n we_o have_v escape_v in_o our_o go_n they_o be_v then_o unseen_a upon_o the_o same_o day_n late_o in_o the_o evening_n we_o come_v to_o sanyvum_fw-la where_o we_o lodge_v all_o night_n and_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n set_v sail_n again_o and_o come_v that_o day_n before_o the_o small_a town_n call_v xantsui_n we_o see_v here_o the_o adjacent_a field_n full_a of_o tent_n horse_n saddle_v and_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o soldier_n all_o stand_a ready_a for_o the_o march._n after_o a_o few_o hour_n sail_v we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o village_n faesan_n which_o appear_v very_o pleasant_a and_o delightful_a at_o a_o distance_n and_o in_o regard_n as_o we_o go_v to_o peking_n we_o pass_v by_o this_o village_n late_o in_o the_o evening_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o same_o i_o think_v good_a have_v now_o in_o our_o return_n a_o full_a view_n thereof_o to_o give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o its_o situation_n it_o lie_v near_o the_o river_n side_n be_v encompass_v with_o very_o pleasant_a field_n upon_o the_o 28._o of_o the_o same_o month_n we_o arrive_v again_o before_o the_o famous_a chief_a city_n of_o canton_n which_o we_o have_v already_o describe_v at_o large_a francis_n lantsman_n who_o when_o we_o be_v go_v to_o peking_n take_v care_n for_o all_o our_o concern_v leave_v there_o with_o the_o two_o ship_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o man_n come_v immediate_o to_o welcome_a and_o receive_v the_o ambassador_n and_o have_v order_v the_o gunner_n of_o the_o ship_n to_o discharge_v all_o their_o ordnance_n upon_o their_o land_n which_o be_v according_o perform_v to_o the_o great_a admiration_n of_o the_o tartar_a lord_n who_o the_o emperor_n have_v appoint_v to_o attend_v the_o ambassador_n upon_o their_o voyage_n for_o their_o better_a accommodation_n who_o be_v no_o less_o surprise_v to_o see_v such_o vessel_n have_v never_o see_v the_o like_a no_o soon_o be_v the_o ambassador_n land_a but_o they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o old_a lodging_n and_o find_v all_o thing_n safe_a and_o in_o very_o good_a order_n to_o their_o great_a satisfaction_n the_o letter_n of_o the_o emperor_n write_v to_o the_o general_n john_n maatzuyker_n be_v take_v and_o carry_v by_o the_o secretary_n henry_n baron_n upon_o both_o his_o hand_n have_v a_o screen_n before_o he_o next_o to_o he_o follow_v the_o ambassador_n according_a to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o business_n in_o solemn_a order_n and_o for_o a_o more_o public_a demonstration_n of_o joy_n the_o cannon_n aboard_o the_o ship_n be_v discharge_v thrice_o the_o wall_n and_o street_n of_o the_o city_n be_v full_a of_o people_n to_o see_v the_o ceremony_n and_o to_o understand_v the_o success_n of_o their_o negotiation_n for_o the_o inhabitant_n desire_v nothing_o more_o than_o a_o free_a trade_n with_o the_o hollander_n the_o next_o day_n be_v the_o 29._o the_o ambassador_n go_v in_o great_a state_n to_o salute_v the_o vice-roys_n the_o young_a king_n mother_n and_o the_o tutang_n and_o to_o acquaint_v they_o with_o the_o sum_n of_o their_o business_n the_o old_a viceroy_n receive_v they_o very_o friendly_a and_o hearty_o with_o a_o dish_n of_o thea_fw-mi and_o some_o discourse_n concern_v their_o voyage_n the_o like_a do_v also_o the_o young_a viceroy_n but_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o young_a viceroy_n do_v not_o appear_v only_o send_v a_o compliment_n to_o the_o ambassador_n to_o thank_v they_o for_o their_o visit._n the_o tutang_n suffer_v they_o to_o wait_v two_o hour_n at_o his_o secretary_n house_n and_o afterward_o send_v they_o word_n that_o he_o will_v hear_v they_o when_o pinxenton_n be_v arrive_v the_o follow_a day_n be_v the_o 30._o of_o january_n the_o ambassador_n be_v treat_v by_o the_o young_a viceroy_n principal_a commander_n at_o a_o noble_a banquet_n who_o lay_v the_o fault_n upon_o the_o portugese_n priest_n at_o peking_n that_o our_o business_n succeed_v no_o better_o there_o and_o he_o carry_v it_o so_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v very_o much_o offend_v with_o they_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o have_v every_o where_o report_v that_o there_o be_v but_o three_o king_n in_o europe_n whereof_o don_n john_n be_v one_o and_o that_o the_o hollander_n possess_v but_o a_o small_a corner_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v his_o tributary_n with_o much_o more_o of_o this_o nature_n the_o ambassador_n go_v the_o same_o day_n to_o salute_v the_o mandorin_n toju_n who_o receive_v they_o very_o courteous_o and_o tell_v they_o that_o poetsiensie_n and_o other_o lord_n dare_v not_o hold_v any_o conference_n with_o they_o because_o the_o tutang_n who_o they_o stand_v in_o awe_n of_o have_v not_o yet_o grant_v they_o audience_n upon_o the_o first_o of_o february_n the_o ambassador_n with_o the_o merchant_n lantsman_n and_o some_o other_o of_o their_o attendant_n to_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o person_n be_v most_o noble_o treat_v at_o a_o dinner_n by_o the_o old_a viceroy_n who_o entertain_v they_o first_o with_o thea_fw-mi out_o of_o wooden_a dish_n wish_v the_o ambassador_n to_o be_v merry_a and_o to_o drink_v sorrow_n from_o the_o heart_n since_o they_o have_v now_o pass_v the_o great_a danger_n after_o drink_v of_o the_o thea_fw-mi the_o trumpet_n sound_v and_o dinner_n be_v serve_v in_o each_o ambassador_n have_v a_o particular_a table_n full_a of_o dish_n but_o before_o they_o begin_v to_o eat_v the_o king_n call_v for_o a_o gold_n goblet_n full_a of_o wine_n and_o command_v two_o of_o his_o gentleman_n to_o carry_v one_o to_o each_o of_o the_o ambassador_n and_o to_o let_v they_o know_v they_o be_v hearty_o welcome_a as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v pledge_v his_o majesty_n they_o fall_v to_o their_o meat_n and_o whilst_o they_o be_v at_o table_n the_o king_n ask_v they_o several_a question_n concern_v the_o state_n and_o affair_n of_o holland_n dinner_n be_v almost_o end_v several_a comedian_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n begin_v to_o show_v themselves_o before_o the_o king_n but_o the_o ambassador_n be_v in_o haste_n desire_v his_o majesty_n to_o excuse_v they_o from_o further_a attendance_n so_o after_o a_o health_n or_o two_o have_v pass_v about_o they_o take_v leave_v and_o come_v back_o to_o their_o lodging_n the_o next_o day_n they_o be_v treat_v by_o the_o young_a viceroy_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n only_o there_o pass_v no_o discourse_n at_o table_n but_o what_o be_v tend_v to_o mirth_n and_o jollity_n upon_o the_o three_o of_o february_n come_v pinxenton_n to_o canton_n with_o all_o his_o train_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o ambassador_n have_v hear_v of_o his_o arrival_n they_o go_v to_o welcome_a and_o salute_v he_o in_o his_o lodging_n on_o the_o seven_o the_o ambassador_n now_o pinxenton_n be_v come_v to_o canton_n have_v audience_n of_o the_o tutang_n who_o have_v defer_v they_o till_o his_o arrival_n the_o ambassador_n find_v they_o can_v not_o effect_v any_o thing_n with_o their_o visit_n return_v to_o their_o lodging_n and_o go_v aboard_o that_o night_n and_o set_v sail_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n but_o after_o a_o few_o hour_n sail_v the_o wind_n turn_v and_o we_o be_v force_v to_o come_v to_o a_o anchor_n not_o far_o from_o canton_n where_o we_o lie_v all_o night_n upon_o the_o 23._o come_v the_o steward_n of_o the_o vice-roys_n and_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o guard_n with_o the_o mandorin_n who_o have_v accompany_v the_o ambassador_n forward_o and_o backward_o from_o peking_n and_o treat_v they_o in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o master_n with_o their_o strong_a liquor_n samsou_n in_o the_o king_n own_o dish_n they_o wish_v the_o ambassador_n a_o speedy_a and_o successful_a voyage_n and_o that_o they_o may_v sudden_o return_v again_o and_o after_o some_o health_n have_v go_v about_o they_o take_v leave_v and_o go_v back_o to_o canton_n and_o we_o immediate_o hoist_a sail_n and_o come_v upon_o the_o 28._o about_o sunset_n to_o a_o anchor_n in_o the_o harbour_n of_o heytamon_n the_o ambassador_n have_v send_v the_o governor_n a_o prince_n flag_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v hang_v out_o with_o the_o tartar_n standard_n upon_o the_o fort_n as_o a_o sign_n that_o the_o ambassador_n be_v welcome_a to_o he_o upon_o the_o second_o of_o march_n about_o midnight_n we_o weigh_v anchor_n and_o set_v sail_n with_o a_o easterly_a wind_n from_o the_o harbour_n of_o heytamon_n steer_v our_o course_n southeast_n at_o break_v of_o day_n we_o come_v in_o sight_n of_o the_o famous_a village_n of_o lantam_n which_o lie_v in_o a_o very_a commodious_a place_n adorn_v with_o goodly_a building_n and_o may_v be_v see_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n off_o at_o sea_n we_o
do_v so_o close_o as_o they_o suppose_v they_o present_o imagine_v they_o have_v weather_v the_o point_n and_o overcome_v all_o difficulty_n but_o they_o be_v not_o a_o little_a disappoint_v in_o their_o expectation_n for_o his_o son_n who_o like_o his_o father_n be_v of_o a_o princely_a and_o warlike_a spirit_n be_v substitute_v in_o his_o place_n as_o soon_o as_o settle_v in_o the_o throne_n and_o at_o peace_n with_o his_o neighbour_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o invade_v china_n in_o revenge_n of_o his_o father_n death_n the_o chief_a grandee_n and_o councillor_n of_o his_o kingdom_n encourage_v he_o in_o this_o design_n whereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1616_o he_o come_v with_o a_o very_a great_a army_n to_o the_o great_a wall_n of_o partition_n between_o tartary_n and_o china_n with_o hope_n to_o pass_v there_o which_o succeed_v according_a to_o his_o desire_n for_o after_o a_o sharp_a skirmish_n the_o chineses_n betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n leave_v to_o the_o young_a king_n a_o free_a passage_n into_o china_n with_o his_o victorious_a army_n with_o which_o he_o first_o fall_v into_o the_o province_n of_o leaotunga_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o city_n tuxung_a or_o cayven_v which_o lie_v near_o tartary_n and_o the_o river_n yalous_a the_o place_n where_o the_o great_a wall_n begin_v and_o here_o he_o plant_v himself_o to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n and_o this_o he_o undoubted_o do_v to_o this_o end_n that_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o save_v himself_o by_o flight_n by_o sea_n in_o case_n the_o chineses_n shall_v have_v fall_v upon_o he_o and_o block_v he_o up_o and_o so_o have_v endeavour_v to_o have_v cut_v off_o his_o passage_n from_o get_v back_o again_o but_o if_o he_o be_v able_a to_o make_v good_a and_o stand_v his_o ground_n than_o he_o foresee_v it_o lie_v covenient_o for_o he_o to_o receive_v succour_n out_o of_o his_o own_o country_n and_o from_o other_o his_o ally_n whereby_o with_o continual_a reinforcing_n he_o shall_v be_v the_o better_o enable_v to_o overrun_v that_o empire_n which_o he_o have_v already_o conquer_v in_o his_o eye_n thus_o we_o see_v the_o king_n of_o ninche_n safe_o get_v with_o his_o army_n into_o his_o enemie_n country_n where_o have_v pitch_v and_o fortify_v himself_o as_o aforementioned_a he_o begin_v to_o consult_v with_o himself_o of_o his_o undertake_n when_o consider_v what_o a_o small_a force_n he_o have_v to_o conquer_v so_o powerful_a a_o empire_n and_o that_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n he_o may_v be_v easy_o set_v upon_o by_o the_o force_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n and_o peking_n and_o destroy_v before_o he_o can_v be_v well_o secure_v he_o think_v it_o best_a to_o add_v the_o fox_n tail_n to_o the_o lion_n skin_n and_o so_o resolve_v to_o send_v a_o civil_a letter_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n to_o complain_v of_o the_o wretched_a and_o inhuman_a murder_n commit_v upon_o his_o father_n to_o lay_v open_a the_o deceitful_a carriage_n of_o his_o governor_n in_o many_o particular_n but_o chief_o in_o the_o misusage_n of_o his_o subject_n in_o their_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o the_o like_a he_o likewise_o desire_v that_o the_o emperor_n will_v not_o harbour_v a_o hard_a opinion_n but_o pass_v a_o just_a censure_n upon_o his_o action_n and_o undertake_n and_o cause_v condign_a punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o his_o governor_n last_o of_o all_o he_o desire_v that_o the_o emperor_n will_v quit_v he_o the_o yearly_a tax_n which_o he_o pay_v to_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o this_o war_n and_o upon_o performance_n of_o these_o thing_n he_o promise_v to_o quit_v the_o city_n he_o have_v take_v and_o to_o retreat_v with_o his_o army_n beyond_o the_o wall_n and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o china_n shall_v be_v receive_v and_o treat_v in_o ninche_n as_o friend_n and_o ally_n for_o the_o bearer_n of_o this_o letter_n the_o king_n of_o ninche_n to_o make_v it_o the_o more_o acceptable_a and_o effectual_a choose_v a_o certain_a priest_n who_o the_o tartar_n call_v lama_n with_o command_n to_o deliver_v the_o same_o in_o a_o most_o submissive_a manner_n and_o serious_o to_o lay_v before_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o council_n the_o great_a quantity_n of_o blood_n that_o be_v like_a to_o be_v spill_v if_o not_o timely_o prevent_v by_o a_o friendly_a accommodation_n between_o they_o the_o emperor_n vanlieus_n to_o who_o the_o king_n of_o ninche_n send_v this_o civil_a letter_n though_o in_o other_o thing_n he_o be_v a_o wise_a and_o prudent_a prince_n yet_o in_o this_o business_n whether_o through_o his_o great_a age_n he_o begin_v to_o dote_v or_o that_o the_o greatness_n of_o hiâ—_n power_n and_o state_n have_v stupefy_v his_o brain_n show_v not_o his_o wont_a prudence_n and_o conduct_n for_o as_o he_o can_v not_o but_o very_o well_o understand_v by_o the_o content_n of_o the_o letter_n that_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o king_n of_o ninche_n be_v ground_v upon_o weighty_a reason_n and_o not_o without_o great_a cause_n yet_o he_o take_v the_o business_n so_o little_a to_o heart_n and_o judge_v it_o of_o so_o small_a consequence_n as_o not_o worthy_a to_o be_v debate_v in_o his_o presence_n and_o so_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o some_o of_o the_o council_n or_o rather_o true_o to_o some_o of_o his_o governor_n and_o commander_n who_o have_v labour_v all_o they_o can_v at_o court_n that_o it_o may_v be_v transmit_v to_o they_o that_o so_o they_o may_v show_v their_o pride_n in_o not_o answer_v the_o letter_n of_o a_o tartar_n king_n for_o to_o that_o height_n be_v their_o insufferable_a arrogance_n grow_v that_o they_o think_v it_o a_o undervalue_v to_o their_o honour_n and_o grandeur_n to_o return_v any_o answer_n unto_o it_o but_o in_o stead_n thereof_o signify_v their_o high_a displeasure_n that_o people_n subject_n unto_o they_o and_o who_o pay_v tax_n yearly_a to_o the_o emperor_n shall_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o come_v and_o complain_v of_o injury_n unto_o he_o nor_o cease_v they_o here_o but_o mock_v and_o revile_v the_o king_n of_o ninche_n with_o bitter_a word_n never_o consider_v that_o great_a army_n wherewith_o he_o have_v invade_v their_o empire_n or_o so_o much_o as_o gather_v any_o force_n together_o to_o oppose_v he_o the_o tartar_a king_n find_v himself_o thus_o slight_v and_o scorn_v change_v his_o anger_n into_o madness_n burst_v out_o into_o curse_v and_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v revenge_v the_o murder_n of_o his_o father_n with_o the_o death_n of_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o chineses_n for_o as_o we_o say_v before_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o the_o tartar_n that_o when_o any_o person_n of_o quality_n die_v in_o honour_n of_o the_o dead_a they_o fling_v into_o the_o funeral_n fire_n where_o the_o decease_a be_v burn_v some_o men-servant_n woman_n horse_n bow_n and_o arrow_n as_o if_o the_o dead_a stand_v in_o need_n of_o these_o thing_n hereafter_o and_o here_o the_o vow_n of_o the_o king_n signify_v that_o so_o many_o thousand_o shall_v attend_v his_o father_n funeral_n but_o they_o have_v very_o much_o leave_v this_o barbarous_a cruelty_n since_o their_o conquest_n of_o china_n insomuch_o that_o they_o now_o there_o bury_v their_o dead_a after_o the_o chinese_n fashion_n without_o burn_v though_o in_o their_o own_o country_n perhaps_o they_o observe_v still_o the_o same_o ceremony_n the_o king_n of_o ninche_n be_v thus_o incense_v march_v forward_o with_o his_o force_n immediate_o and_o sudden_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o chief_a city_n laoyang_n in_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n the_o place_n be_v strong_o fortify_v and_o there_o be_v a_o garrison_n of_o soldier_n within_o it_o all_o well_o arm_v with_o musket_n whereas_o the_o tartar_n use_v nothing_o but_o zable_n bow_n and_o arrow_n for_o prevention_n therefore_o of_o the_o slaughter_n by_o bullet_n which_o the_o tartar_n be_v very_o fearful_a of_o for_o this_o sort_n of_o arm_n be_v then_o altogether_o unknown_a to_o they_o they_o invent_v a_o stratagem_n which_o may_v render_v the_o shoot_n of_o bullet_n ineffectual_a unto_o the_o chineses_n which_o be_v this_o their_o king_n cause_v a_o great_a number_n of_o thick_a plank_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a and_o cause_v each_o foot-soldier_n that_o march_v in_o the_o van_n to_o carry_v one_o wherewith_o he_o secure_v both_o himself_o and_o the_o horse_n that_o follow_v behind_o be_v thus_o provide_v have_v lie_v a_o while_n before_o the_o city_n who_o inhabitant_n be_v unwilling_a to_o yield_v it_o be_v conclude_v to_o storm_n the_o place_n to_o this_o end_n the_o king_n divide_v his_o force_n into_o four_o division_n to_o storm_n the_o city_n in_o four_o place_n at_o once_o he_o command_v the_o foot_n to_o march_v with_o their_o beforementioned_a plank_n in_o the_o front_n next_o to_o they_o the_o worst_a
first_o recruit_v themselves_o for_o they_o find_v all_o the_o frontier_n town_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n well_o fortify_v and_o guard_v among_o all_o other_o chinese_n commander_n who_o signalise_v themselves_o in_o show_v their_o courage_n in_o their_o country_n behalf_n against_o the_o enemy_n be_v one_o maovenlung_v who_o do_v very_o great_a execution_n upon_o they_o in_o several_a encounter_n he_o be_v a_o native_a of_o the_o province_n of_o quantung_n where_o he_o have_v learn_v and_o understand_v in_o his_o conversation_n among_o the_o portuguese_a at_o macao_n several_a thing_n concern_v their_o military_a discipline_n from_o thence_o he_o have_v likewise_o bring_v with_o he_o several_a great_a gun_n which_o he_o purchase_v out_o of_o a_o netherlands_n ship_n that_o be_v cast_v away_o there_o and_o those_o he_o plant_v upon_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o ningyven_v the_o eastern_a part_n of_o leaotung_n and_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o leaoyang_n be_v thus_o lose_v in_o this_o new_a make_v chief_a city_n there_o happen_v to_o be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o tutang_n or_o viceroy_n of_o leaotung_n with_o the_o whole_a chinese_n army_n the_o tartar_n have_v many_o time_n have_v trial_n to_o their_o sorrow_n and_o cost_n of_o the_o courage_n of_o this_o maovenlung_v have_v often_o be_v rout_v by_o he_o dare_v not_o adventure_v any_o further_a to_o cope_v with_o he_o in_o a_o honourable_a way_n but_o bethink_v themselves_o of_o some_o stratagem_n or_o politic_a device_n whereby_o to_o wound_v the_o integrity_n and_o virtue_n of_o this_o brave_a person_n and_o they_o suppose_v the_o best_a mean_n to_o assail_v he_o with_o will_v be_v fair_a word_n and_o high_a promise_n wherefore_o to_o put_v in_o execution_n this_o their_o design_n they_o offer_v he_o by_o a_o private_a letter_n which_o they_o cause_v cunning_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o half_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n if_o he_o will_v desert_v his_o natural_a prince_n with_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o army_n and_o help_v they_o to_o conquer_v the_o empire_n but_o maovenlung_v who_o will_v neither_o forfeit_v his_o honour_n nor_o oath_n courageous_o refuse_v these_o high_a offer_n and_o return_v for_o answer_n that_o he_o have_v rather_o lose_v his_o life_n than_o betray_v his_o prince_n and_o country_n the_o tartar_n find_v that_o this_o plot_n of_o they_o will_v take_v no_o effect_n and_o that_o the_o chineses_n have_v well_o provide_v against_o their_o come_n resolve_v to_o desist_v and_o to_o make_v no_o further_o progress_n in_o the_o present_a war_n which_o whole_o cease_v till_o the_o year_n 1625._o when_o sudden_o it_o break_v forth_o again_o they_o come_v and_o besiege_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o ningyven_v this_o great_o startle_v the_o chineses_n who_o think_v they_o have_v overcome_v the_o great_a difficulty_n and_o danger_n but_o maovenlung_n come_v time_n enough_o to_o the_o rescue_n and_o relief_n of_o this_o place_n and_o fall_v so_o furious_o upon_o the_o besieger_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o raise_v their_o siege_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o at_o least_o ten_o thousand_o man_n that_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n among_o who_o fall_v the_o king_n be_v own_o son_n who_o death_n be_v so_o high_o resent_v by_o the_o survive_a tartar_n that_o they_o in_o a_o great_a rage_n and_o madness_n make_v over_o the_o ice_n for_o it_o be_v in_o winter_n and_o get_v into_o the_o island_n of_o theyoven_n whereof_o they_o quick_o make_v themselves_o master_v they_o put_v every_o live_a creature_n they_o find_v to_o the_o sword_n which_o be_v a_o very_a great_a number_n in_o revenge_n of_o the_o young_a prince_n which_o have_v do_v they_o immediate_o leave_v the_o province_n of_o leaotung_n and_o retreat_v into_o their_o own_o country_n not_o with_o a_o intention_n to_o be_v quiet_a but_o only_o to_o recruit_v themselves_o with_o more_o force_n and_o then_o to_o return_v again_o at_o a_o convenient_a time_n and_o hereupon_o follow_v a_o cessation_n of_o arm_n till_o the_o year_n 1627._o when_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n thienkius_n happen_v to_o die_v be_v but_o a_o young_a man_n who_o death_n prove_v to_o be_v the_o loss_n of_o all_o china_n although_o the_o tartar_n king_n of_o ninche_n call_v thienning_n who_o have_v destroy_v so_o many_o thousand_o of_o people_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n do_v not_o long_o survive_v but_o as_o a_o attendant_n on_o his_o corpse_n die_v the_o same_o year_n thienkius_n be_v succeed_v by_o his_o brother_n who_o be_v very_o unfortunate_a in_o all_o his_o undertake_n and_o at_o length_n through_o the_o treachery_n of_o his_o subject_n have_v both_o a_o unfortunate_a reign_n and_o death_n as_o by_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o history_n will_v appear_v the_o tartar_a king_n thienning_n have_v for_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o throne_n his_o son_n thientung_v who_o quick_o change_v the_o savage_a and_o barbarous_a manner_n and_o custom_n use_v by_o his_o tyrannize_a father_n insomuch_o that_o he_o do_v not_o pursue_v the_o chineses_n so_o fierce_o but_o begin_v to_o treat_v they_o with_o more_o civility_n which_o produce_v a_o very_a great_a change_n and_o cause_v all_o his_o affair_n to_o become_v more_o acceptable_a and_o certain_o this_o prudent_a and_o politic_a prince_n have_v effect_v great_a thing_n have_v he_o not_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o a_o untimely_a death_n his_o mildness_n have_v get_v so_o great_a renown_n withal_o that_o the_o council_n who_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o he_o think_v themselves_o happy_a in_o the_o change_n and_o withal_o learn_v from_o he_o by_o example_n that_o the_o chineses_n will_v soon_o be_v reduce_v and_o bring_v under_o their_o government_n by_o clemency_n and_o civility_n than_o by_o force_n of_o arms._n in_o this_o year_n 1627._o the_o commander_n and_o officer_n of_o general_n maovenlung_v who_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o quietness_n of_o the_o tartar_n have_v no_o enemy_n to_o encounter_n begin_v much_o to_o molest_v and_o be_v injurious_a to_o their_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o coreâ—_n by_o make_v inroad_n and_o incursion_n upon_o they_o nay_o by_o degree_n they_o grow_v so_o very_o insolent_a and_o troublesome_a to_o all_o part_n adjoin_v to_o their_o quarter_n especial_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o province_n of_o hienkien_n who_o be_v so_o intolerable_o oppress_v by_o their_o rapine_n that_o out_o of_o revenge_n and_o hatred_n they_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o tartar_n advise_v he_o to_o re-invade_a and_o fall_v into_o china_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n which_o he_o not_o willing_a to_o let_v slip_n so_o fair_a a_o opportunity_n immediate_o do_v so_o that_o a_o very_a great_a army_n be_v in_o the_o field_n ready_a to_o assail_v the_o chinese_n force_n before_o they_o have_v any_o thought_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o when_o they_o least_o dream_v of_o their_o come_n who_o by_o this_o mean_n lie_v careless_o disperse_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o province_n be_v soon_o destroy_v maovenlung_v however_o rally_v and_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o some_o new_a levy_n and_o recruit_n be_v grow_v into_o a_o strong_a body_n he_o fight_v several_a doubtful_a battle_n with_o the_o tartar_n but_o they_o at_o last_o grow_v superior_a to_o he_o in_o strength_n and_o number_n maovenlung_v the_o chinese_n general_n be_v constrain_v to_o quit_v the_o field_n with_o the_o gross_a of_o his_o army_n yet_o neither_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o army_n nor_o greatness_n of_o the_o victory_n obtain_v by_o the_o tartar_n do_v make_v any_o great_a impression_n upon_o the_o chinese_n nor_o indeed_o be_v they_o trouble_v at_o it_o when_o they_o understand_v that_o their_o general_n have_v save_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o island_n of_o corea_n but_o the_o ninchean_a commander_n imagine_v that_o those_o of_o that_o place_n have_v be_v instrumental_a in_o help_v to_o convey_v the_o general_n maovenlung_v away_o with_o their_o army_n fall_v into_o it_o plunder_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o ruine_v the_o country_n by_o fire_n and_o sword_n this_o act_n be_v high_o disapprove_v of_o by_o the_o tartar_n king_n himself_o because_o it_o stir_v up_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n to_o arm_n against_o he_o and_o join_v his_o force_n with_o those_o of_o the_o chinese_n which_o maovenlung_v have_v be_v gather_v together_o and_o with_o they_o be_v march_v towards_o corea_n to_o revenge_v himself_o upon_o the_o tartar_n the_o tartar_n have_v thus_o inhumane_o and_o without_o reason_n turn_v their_o arm_n upon_o the_o country_n of_o corea_n be_v set_v forward_o with_o their_o army_n against_o the_o royal_a city_n thereof_o and_o be_v arrive_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o mountain_n through_o which_o the_o way_n run_v to_o the_o city_n be_v about_o seven_o mile_n from_o the_o same_o here_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n in_o the_o narrow_a way_n have_v pitch_v to_o receive_v they_o and_o the_o tartar_n be_v eager_a to_o
this_o confederacy_n against_o licungzus_n be_v not_o so_o private_o carry_v but_o he_o have_v intelligence_n thereof_o but_o when_o the_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o join_v but_o upon_o their_o march_n against_o he_o it_o strike_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o robber_n that_o he_o present_o quit_v the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n not_o dare_v to_o stay_v or_o abide_v their_o come_n and_o flee_v into_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la for_o safety_n take_v with_o he_o all_o that_o be_v of_o value_n and_o seat_v himself_o in_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o sigan_n former_o the_o court_n of_o the_o ancient_a emperor_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o treasure_n that_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o peking_n by_o this_o fly_a tyrant_n and_o his_o follower_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o seven_o or_o eight_o day_n be_v spend_v whole_o about_o load_v of_o wagon_n and_o horse_n with_o the_o same_o and_o yet_o they_o leave_v great_a store_n 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between_o we_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o we_o to_o come_v timely_a enough_o to_o your_o assistance_n wherefore_o we_o judge_v it_o better_o for_o we_o now_o we_o be_v here_o and_o before_o our_o departure_n whole_o to_o destroy_v these_o plunderer_n and_o then_o all_o be_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n your_o new_a choose_a prince_n for_o the_o future_a will_v be_v free_v from_o any_o new_a trouble_n as_o to_o your_o promise_n never_o think_v of_o they_o for_o they_o be_v as_o well_o perform_v by_o you_o as_o by_o we_o but_o if_o your_o intention_n aim_v at_o the_o public_a good_a march_v with_o a_o potent_a army_n against_o licungzus_n and_o force_v he_o to_o leave_v that_o city_n while_o we_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n will_v endeavour_v to_o drive_v the_o other_o robber_n out_o of_o the_o province_n of_o xantung_n and_o in_o the_o do_n of_o this_o the_o whole_a empire_n will_v be_v settle_v in_o peace_n usanguejus_n who_o either_o do_v not_o perceive_v the_o craftiness_n 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the_o sovereignty_n for_o no_o soon_o be_v their_o new-raised_a potent_a army_n arrive_v but_o they_o proclaim_v this_o young_a child_n emperor_n of_o china_n give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o xunchi_n and_o entitle_v his_o race_n taicung_n this_o child_n who_o yet_o live_v and_o reign_v in_o china_n and_o be_v now_o about_o twenty_o nine_o year_n of_o age_n be_v place_v with_o great_a majesty_n in_o the_o ancient_a imperial_a throne_n through_o the_o good_a conduct_n of_o his_o uncle_n and_o near_a relation_n who_o prove_v very_o faithful_a to_o he_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o sole_a management_n of_o all_o affair_n and_o of_o so_o great_a courage_n and_o valour_n civil_a love_a and_o just_a deportment_n that_o they_o win_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o chinese_n upon_o the_o very_a day_n of_o this_o new_a emperor_n instalment_n there_o be_v send_v in_o his_o name_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o uncle_n a_o regiment_n or_o two_o of_o tartar_n to_o usanguejus_n who_o be_v upon_o his_o march_n towards_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la to_o fight_v with_o licungzus_n with_o seal_a letter_n whereby_o he_o be_v constitute_v king_n pingsi_n which_o signify_v a_o pacifier_n of_o the_o west_n the_o chief_a city_n sigan_n order_v to_o be_v his_o court_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v pay_v some_o yearly_a tribute_n in_o token_n of_o his_o obedience_n this_o policy_n do_v the_o guardian_n of_o the_o young_a emperor_n use_v to_o satisfy_v and_o gain_v usanguejus_n to_o their_o party_n for_o they_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o interest_n which_o he_o have_v in_o china_n be_v sufficient_a to_o embroil_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o involve_v they_o in_o new_a trouble_n usanguejus_n who_o can_v never_o expect_v the_o like_a preferment_n from_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n consider_v that_o all_o the_o last_o emperor_n child_n be_v dead_a and_o see_v the_o tartar_n upon_o their_o march_n
trouble_n about_o this_o time_n there_o appear_v a_o famous_a pirate_n a_o native_a of_o fokien_n by_o name_n chinchilung_v but_o foreiner_n call_v he_o iquon_n this_o person_n in_o his_o youth_n well_o know_v to_o the_o hollander_n and_o spaniard_n be_v but_o of_o mean_a extraction_n serve_v the_o portuguese_n first_o of_o all_o in_o maccao_n in_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o servant_n and_o afterward_o the_o hollander_n in_o the_o island_n of_o formosa_fw-la but_o be_v of_o a_o aspire_a and_o ambitious_a mind_n can_v not_o brook_v to_o live_v under_o so_o much_o subjection_n wherefore_o retire_v from_o they_o by_o specious_a pretence_n he_o draw_v in_o a_o great_a many_o innocent_a creature_n to_o take_v part_n with_o he_o by_o who_o help_n and_o with_o a_o few_o ship_n he_o have_v make_v shift_n to_o get_v together_o he_o turn_v pirate_n in_o which_o way_n after_o a_o while_n have_v make_v some_o considerable_a gain_n he_o increase_v very_o much_o in_o ship_n at_o last_o grow_v so_o strong_a therein_o that_o he_o far_o exceed_v the_o chinese_n emperor_n both_o in_o naval_a force_n and_o wealth_n for_o he_o draw_v the_o whole_a trade_n of_o india_n to_o himself_o traffic_v with_o the_o spaniard_n upon_o the_o philippine_n island_n with_o the_o hollander_n upon_o formosa_fw-la and_o in_o new_a batavia_n and_o with_o the_o portuguese_a in_o maccao_n he_o drive_v likewise_o a_o very_a great_a trade_n with_o those_o of_o japan_n and_o other_o kingdom_n and_o island_n situate_v in_o the_o great_a indian_a sea_n so_o that_o in_o truth_n he_o alone_o be_v able_a to_o export_v by_o his_o power_n man_n and_o ship_n the_o chinese_n commodity_n out_o of_o that_o empire_n and_o to_o import_n back_o into_o the_o same_o the_o commodity_n of_o europe_n of_o which_o the_o emperor_n take_v notice_n after_o a_o long_a war_n that_o have_v be_v between_o they_o at_o length_n a_o peace_n be_v conclude_v by_o which_o in_o a_o small_a time_n he_o grow_v so_o very_o potent_a in_o ship_n that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o set_v forth_o a_o fleet_n of_o three_o thousand_o ship_n and_o now_o success_n imp_a the_o wing_n of_o this_o pyrat_n ambitious_a thought_n he_o be_v not_o content_v with_o this_o petty_a greatness_n but_o aspire_v at_o the_o crown_n but_o in_o regard_n he_o know_v it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o effect_v any_o thing_n so_o long_o as_o any_o of_o the_o race_n of_o taiminga_n be_v remain_v for_o neither_o the_o commonalty_n nor_o soldiery_n show_v any_o respect_n towards_o he_o he_o conceive_v some_o hope_n that_o with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o tartar_n it_o will_v not_o be_v hard_o for_o he_o to_o extirpate_v that_o family_n and_o so_o make_v the_o way_n easy_a to_o his_o own_o advancement_n wherefore_o he_o resolve_v under_o the_o cloak_n of_o virtue_n and_o by_o that_o delusion_n to_o draw_v the_o great_a number_n to_o follow_v he_o to_o march_v against_o the_o tartar_n as_o the_o common_a enemy_n and_o undoubted_o have_v not_o this_o 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notwithstanding_o this_o service_n by_o he_o do_v to_o they_o they_o do_v but_o temporize_v to_o lull_v he_o into_o security_n be_v jealous_a of_o his_o great_a force_n by_o sea_n and_o suspect_v that_o he_o aspire_v after_o the_o royal_a diadem_n now_o true_a and_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v although_o the_o tartar_n know_v this_o very_a well_o yet_o never_o dare_v they_o act_v any_o thing_n against_o he_o with_o force_n but_o always_o court_v he_o and_o make_v he_o believe_v that_o they_o will_v give_v he_o the_o government_n of_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n and_o quantung_v iquon_n find_v himself_o in_o such_o high_a esteem_n among_o the_o tartar_n doubt_v not_o at_o all_o but_o that_o he_o shall_v at_o least_o keep_v the_o government_n of_o the_o southern_a province_n but_o see_v the_o inconstancy_n of_o humane_a affair_n for_o he_o be_v very_o much_o deceive_v in_o his_o expectation_n and_o clear_o out-witted_n for_o when_o the_o tartar_n viceroy_n of_o the_o province_n of_o fokien_n have_v resolve_v to_o go_v for_o peking_n it_o be_v a_o custom_n for_o all_o the_o commander_n to_o come_v and_o take_v leave_n of_o he_o and_o to_o wish_v he_o a_o good_a journey_n according_a to_o which_o iquon_n who_o suspect_v no_o mischief_n towards_o he_o conclude_v in_o himself_o to_o do_v the_o like_a honour_n to_o this_o petty_a king_n and_o thereupon_o depart_v from_o his_o fleet_n which_o he_o leave_v in_o the_o harbour_n of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o focheu_fw-la he_o go_v thither_o and_o join_v with_o the_o company_n to_o conduct_v the_o king_n some_o part_n of_o his_o way_n but_o when_o he_o come_v to_o take_v leave_n the_o king_n earnest_o desire_v he_o to_o bear_v he_o company_n quite_o through_o to_o peking_n promise_v to_o do_v he_o great_a honour_n upon_o his_o arrival_n there_o for_o such_o his_o favour_n iquon_n now_o too_o late_o begin_v to_o grow_v jealous_a endeavour_v by_o all_o the_o most_o plausible_a allegation_n imaginable_a to_o excuse_v 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may_v receive_v no_o damage_n by_o the_o injury_n of_o time_n and_o also_o that_o as_o many_o as_o be_v spectator_n of_o this_o unusual_a monument_n may_v read_v examine_v and_o describe_v it_o at_o their_o own_o leisure_n and_o because_o that_o on_o the_o margin_n there_o be_v discover_v character_n unknown_a to_o the_o chinese_n intermix_v with_o those_o of_o their_o own_o they_o be_v much_o concern_v to_o know_v what_o they_o relate_v unto_o and_o at_o last_o be_v satisfy_v by_o the_o diligence_n of_o our_o society_n as_o it_o will_v appear_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o follow_a discouse_n leo_fw-la the_o mandorin_n be_v now_o instruct_v in_o the_o christian_a faith_n public_a first_o of_o all_o other_o divulge_v it_o exact_o describe_v unto_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n which_o he_o hope_v may_v accrue_v from_o thence_o which_o come_v to_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n when_o they_o have_v read_v it_o they_o can_v not_o sufficient_o admire_v the_o providence_n of_o the_o divine_a majesty_n that_o shall_v condescend_v so_o far_o to_o disclose_v a_o monument_n of_o so_o great_a concern_v for_o the_o conversion_n of_o the_o heathen_a in_o this_o novel_a vintage_n of_o christ_n wherefore_o not_o to_o conceal_v their_o joy_n they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o siganfu_n the_o great_a metropolitan_a city_n of_o xensi_fw-la that_o they_o may_v be_v ocular_a spectator_n of_o it_o of_o which_o the_o first_o be_v father_n alvares_n samedus_n a_o portugese_n who_o word_n i_o shall_v the_o rather_o allege_v by_o how_o much_o he_o be_v the_o more_o engage_v unto_o i_o by_o the_o strict_a tie_n of_o friendship_n whilst_o he_o remain_v at_o rome_n procurator_n or_o provincial_n where_o he_o relate_v to_o i_o in_o a_o familiar_a conference_n all_o the_o observation_n he_o have_v make_v concern_v this_o monument_n now_o he_o thus_o relate_v the_o whole_a circumstance_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o china_n publish_a in_o italian_a pag._n 158._o three_o year_n after_o in_o the_o year_n 1628._o there_o go_v some_o father_n to_o that_o province_n upon_o occasion_n of_o a_o mandorin_n be_v a_o christian_n who_o name_n be_v philip_n who_o be_v go_v thither_o those_o father_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o mandorin_n erect_v both_o a_o church_n and_o a_o house_n in_o the_o metropolis_n of_o siganfu_n that_o since_o our_o bless_a god_n who_o will_v that_o so_o fair_a a_o memorial_n of_o a_o hold_v take_v of_o his_o divine_a law_n in_o that_o country_n shall_v be_v discover_v he_o may_v also_o be_v serve_v and_o the_o restoration_n of_o the_o same_o faith_n institute_v in_o the_o same_o place_n it_o be_v grant_v to_o i_o to_o be_v of_o the_o first_o and_o i_o fancy_v that_o mansion_n happy_a because_o of_o see_v the_o monument_n and_o when_o i_o get_v thither_o i_o care_v not_o for_o
that_o he_o seem_v to_o have_v found_v they_o anew_o he_o appoint_v a_o court_n and_o house_n for_o the_o read_n of_o the_o law_n beautify_v and_o adorn_v hospital_n and_o place_n of_o receipt_n over_o and_o above_o these_o exercise_n of_o our_o holy_a law_n he_o be_v very_o much_o give_v to_o work_n of_o charity_n every_o year_n call_v together_o the_o four_o priest_n of_o the_o church_n to_o who_o he_o cordial_o perform_v all_o office_n of_o love_n and_o service_n he_o provide_v they_o with_o all_o necessary_a thing_n for_o the_o space_n of_o fifty_o day_n he_o feed_v such_o as_o be_v hungry_a clothe_v such_o as_o be_v naked_a take_v care_n of_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a and_o weak_a and_o bury_v the_o dead_a 15._o in_o the_o time_n of_o ta_o so_o there_o be_v no_o such_o goodness_n hear_v of_o with_o all_o his_o parsimony_n this_o ta_o so_o be_v a_o bonzius_n a_o pagan_a kind_n of_o priest_n who_o in_o a_o great_a assembly_n of_o the_o bonzii_n wherein_o be_v to_o be_v consult_v concern_v the_o affair_n of_o their_o sect_n he_o undertake_v the_o office_n of_o receive_v stranger_n and_o procure_v every_o one_o all_o thing_n necessary_a therefore_o the_o author_n in_o handle_v the_o work_n of_o charity_n of_o oy_o â—ie_v place_n he_o before_o ta_o so_o but_o although_o this_o be_v a_o time_n in_o which_o the_o gospel_n be_v preach_v yet_o we_o see_v there_o be_v man_n void_a of_o good_a work_n wherefore_o that_o such_o heroic_a and_o noble_a deed_n may_v be_v declare_v and_o set_v in_o open_a view_n i_o have_v cause_v the_o same_o to_o be_v engrave_v upon_o this_o great_a stone_n 16._o i_o say_v therefore_o that_o the_o true_a god_n be_v without_o any_o beginning_n pure_a peaceable_a and_o unchangeable_a he_o be_v the_o first_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n he_o discover_v the_o earth_n and_o lift_v up_o the_o heaven_n one_o of_o the_o person_n for_o the_o eternal_a salvation_n of_o mankind_n be_v make_v man_n he_o ascend_v into_o heaven_n like_o the_o sun_n destroy_v darkness_n and_o in_o all_o thing_n establish_v a_o profound_a verity_n 17._o this_o most_o glorious_a king_n who_o most_o true_o be_v the_o chief_a king_n of_o king_n takes_z away_o all_o difficulty_n use_v his_o own_o time_n the_o heaven_n be_v stretch_v out_o and_o the_o earth_n extend_v most_o noble_a be_v our_o gospel_n bring_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tamburlaine_n assert_v knowledge_n erect_v church_n and_o be_v both_o to_o the_o live_n and_o the_o dead_a as_o a_o refuge_n or_o guide_n and_o which_o exalt_v all_o felicity_n restore_v peace_n to_o the_o whole_a universe_n 18._o cao_n cum_fw-la continue_v in_o the_o footstep_n of_o his_o grandfather_n church_n give_v his_o mind_n to_o the_o new_a build_n of_o church_n so_o that_o with_o their_o loftiness_n and_o magnificence_n they_o fill_v the_o land_n but_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o law_n be_v its_o great_a beauty_n he_o bestow_v on_o the_o bishop_n a_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o the_o people_n enjoy_v a_o mirthful_a peace_n without_o any_o irksome_a toil._n 19_o the_o wise_a king_n ni_fw-fr when_fw-mi cum_fw-la understand_v how_o to_o persevere_v in_o the_o true_a and_o right_a way_n the_o table_n of_o the_o king_n be_v magnificent_a and_o illustrious_a the_o royal_a grant_n therein_o flourish_v and_o be_v resplendent_a their_o figure_n glitter_v all_o the_o people_n high_o reverence_v they_o all_o thing_n be_v improve_v and_o from_o hence_o all_o enjoy_v the_o perfection_n of_o happiness_n 20._o this_o king_n so_o come_v then_o reign_v come_v to_o the_o church_n in_o proper_a person_n the_o sun_n of_o sanctity_n shine_v and_o the_o enlighten_v cloud_n dispel_v darkness_n and_o obscurity_n thus_o felicity_n be_v accumulate_v in_o the_o king_n house_n all_o vice_n be_v banish_v and_o our_o empire_n restore_v by_o the_o take_n away_o of_o dissension_n 21._o the_o king_n tai_n cum_fw-la fu_fw-la be_v obedient_a for_o virtue_n he_o may_v compare_v with_o the_o heaven_n and_o earth_n he_o add_v as_o it_o be_v a_o life_n to_o the_o people_n and_o make_v all_o thing_n thrive_v he_o send_v sweet_a perfume_n for_o the_o give_v of_o thanks_o and_o exercise_v work_n of_o charity_n the_o sun_n and_o the_o moon_n be_v unite_v in_o one_o person_n that_o be_v all_o fly_v to_o perform_v their_o duty_n and_o obedience_n to_o he_o 22._o the_o king_n kien_fw-fr cum_fw-la be_v settle_v in_o the_o government_n show_v himself_o most_o virtuous_a he_o pacify_v the_o four_o sea_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n he_o illustrate_v ten_o thousand_o in_o his_o confine_n by_o literature_n illuminate_v the_o secret_n of_o man_n like_o a_o candle_n and_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o looking-glass_n see_v all_o thing_n revive_v the_o whole_a world_n so_o that_o even_o barbarous_a people_n take_v from_o his_o example_n a_o rule_n to_o live_v by_o 23._o o_o how_o great_a how_o perfect_a and_o extend_v itself_o to_o all_o thing_n be_v this_o law_n will_v to_o give_v a_o name_n thereto_o i_o can_v call_v it_o no_o other_o than_o the_o divine_a law_n former_a king_n be_v not_o to_o seek_v how_o to_o dispose_v of_o their_o affair_n i_o a_o vassal_n be_o only_o able_a to_o declare_v they_o and_o therefore_o i_o erect_v this_o most_o precious_a and_o wealthy_a stone_n to_o be_v the_o proclaimer_n of_o this_o exccee_a felicity_n 24._o in_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o great_a tamburlaine_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o this_o kien_fw-fr cum_fw-la in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 782._o on_o the_o seven_o day_n of_o the_o autumnal_a month_n be_v sunday_n or_o to_o say_v better_o the_o lord_n day_n this_o stone_n be_v erect_v he_o ciu_o be_v then_o bishop_n of_o the_o chinese_n church_n the_o mandorin_n by_o name_n lieu_fw-fr sieci_fw-fr yon_o but_o by_o title_n ciao_n y_fw-fr cum_fw-la or_o as_o other_o chio_n y_o lamb_n in_o which_o office_n before_o he_o be_v tai_n cieu_o sie_n sum_o can_v kiun_n make_v this_o inscription_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o this_o be_v the_o explication_n of_o the_o inscription_n engrave_v on_o the_o stone_n in_o which_o this_o true_o be_v worthy_a of_o great_a admiration_n that_o the_o relation_n of_o so_o great_a a_o variety_n and_o multiplicity_n of_o affair_n and_o thing_n as_o this_o stone_n contain_v can_v be_v comprise_v in_o so_o narrow_a a_o space_n and_o write_v with_o so_o few_o as_o eighteen_o thousand_o character_n of_o this_o write_n there_o be_v a_o double_a interpretation_n make_v this_o present_a be_v most_o conformable_a to_o that_o which_o be_v make_v at_o peking_n and_o afterward_o again_o by_o p._n michael_n boim_n expose_v from_o the_o chinese_n exemplar_n be_v indeed_o more_o elegant_a and_o proper_a and_o likewise_o more_o conformable_a to_o the_o chinese_n language_n and_o although_o for_o that_o cause_n it_o seem_v less_o polite_a in_o our_o tongue_n yet_o nevertheless_o be_v it_o most_o eloquent_a and_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o phrase_n and_o style_n of_o the_o chinese_n speech_n be_v by_o such_o as_o profess_v themselves_o master_n in_o the_o understanding_n of_o that_o tongue_n judge_v the_o most_o deserve_a praise_n of_o all_o other_o now_o it_o be_v collect_v from_o this_o monument_n that_o the_o law_n of_o christ_n be_v above_o a_o thousand_o year_n ago_o bring_v into_o china_n also_o with_o what_o reverence_n and_o honour_n it_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o emperor_n how_o and_o through_o what_o vast_a province_n it_o be_v preach_v how_o in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n wherein_o it_o chief_o flourish_v it_o be_v spread_v abroad_o what_o persecution_n it_o twice_o suffer_v and_o how_o by_o little_a and_o little_a it_o be_v so_o suppress_v that_o unless_o the_o remembrance_n have_v be_v preserve_v in_o this_o monument_n no_o footstep_n thereof_o can_v have_v be_v trace_v for_o in_o all_o the_o chinese_n chronicle_n beside_o the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n and_o mandorin_n that_o then_o live_v there_o be_v hardly_o any_o mention_n of_o it_o or_o any_o other_o matter_n of_o those_o time_n and_o this_o stone_n be_v find_v a_o few_o year_n before_o the_o father_n of_o the_o society_n of_o jesus_n arrive_v in_o china_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o interpretation_n of_o such_o sublime_a and_o notable_a thing_n be_v only_o reserve_v to_o they_o who_o be_v eminent_o instruct_v in_o the_o science_n as_o well_o of_o humane_a as_o divine_a matter_n be_v to_o become_v the_o preacher_n and_o propagator_n of_o the_o same_o law_n and_o doctrine_n almost_o obliterated_a by_o the_o all-devouring_a tooth_n of_o time_n and_o this_o may_v suffice_v concern_v the_o inscription_n in_o the_o chinese_n language_n chap._n iii_o a_o interpretation_n of_o the_o syriack_n name_v inscribe_v upon_o the_o monument_n now_o we_o proceed_v to_o the_o inscription_n that_o be_v ensculp_v on_o the_o margin_n which_o see_v it_o have_v
remain_v unexplain_v hitherto_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o want_n of_o man_n in_o china_n that_o be_v verse_v in_o those_o character_n and_o for_o that_o very_a cause_n be_v send_v into_o europe_n by_o the_o portuguese_n father_n of_o our_o society_n to_o be_v explicate_v by_o person_n skilled_a in_o the_o syrian_a language_n i_o first_o of_o all_o undertake_v the_o interpretation_n thereof_o and_o that_o with_o good_a success_n discharge_v the_o same_o with_o equal_a fidelity_n and_o diligence_n now_o it_o be_v engrave_v on_o the_o margin_n of_o the_o stone_n in_o the_o ancient_a syriack_n character_n that_o be_v term_v estrangelo_n and_o it_o contain_v the_o year_n the_o name_n and_o office_n of_o those_o apostolical_a man_n and_o promoter_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n that_o be_v then_o in_o china_n when_o the_o stone_n be_v erect_v father_n emanuel_n dias_n in_o a_o certain_a letter_n write_v in_o the_o portuguese_n tongue_n date_v from_o maccao_n august_n 23._o 1625._o take_v notice_n of_o this_o stone_n and_o of_o the_o inscription_n mention_v his_o word_n translate_v be_v these_o in_o the_o province_n of_o xensi_fw-la in_o china_n where_o now_o trigautius_n reside_v a_o certain_a stone_n of_o about_o twenty_o four_o hand_n breath_n be_v dig_v up_o in_o which_o be_v manifest_o apparent_a that_o above_o a_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o three_o year_n since_o there_o be_v christian_n with_o shave_a crown_n that_o preach_v the_o mystery_n of_o the_o trinity_n and_o incarnation_n and_o that_o the_o king_n of_o china_n confer_v many_o favour_n on_o they_o doctor_n leo_n desire_v to_o have_v the_o whole_a matter_n print_v first_o transcribe_v by_o the_o mandorin_n that_o be_v christian_n to_o show_v all_o the_o mystery_n contain_v on_o the_o stone_n that_o the_o same_o may_v more_o plain_o appear_v at_o present_a we_o only_o endeavour_v that_o the_o matter_n may_v come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o emperor_n god_n prosper_v all_o to_o his_o own_o glory_n father_n francis_n hurtado_n from_o the_o province_n of_o nancheu_o also_o confirm_v this_o and_o add_v that_o in_o the_o same_o year_n a_o passage_n be_v open_v into_o the_o new_a province_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n viz._n xensi_fw-la xansi_fw-la fohum_fw-la which_o last_o be_v conterminate_a with_o couchinchina_n and_o easy_o admit_v of_o stranger_n and_o thus_o proceed_v say_v unto_o these_o be_v annex_v ten_o or_o twelve_o line_n in_o syriack_n which_o i_o can_v not_o interpret_v also_o the_o privilege_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n of_o china_n to_o the_o priest_n of_o that_o law_n be_v adjoin_v the_o version_n be_v make_v word_n for_o word_n out_o of_o the_o chinese_n language_n there_o be_v also_o other_o translation_n but_o they_o all_o agree_v in_o the_o essential_a matter_n it_o be_v record_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o king_n of_o china_n that_o the_o christian_a faith_n arrive_v among_o the_o chinese_n above_o 994_o year_n since_o and_o that_o this_o inscription_n be_v make_v 140_o year_n after_o its_o entrance_n thus_o father_n emanuel_n dias_n but_o in_o other_o letter_n of_o a_o more_o late_a date_n from_o maccao_n 21_o novemb_n 1627._o we_o find_v it_o thus_o write_v concern_v this_o city_n some_o year_n since_o there_o be_v find_v a_o very_a long_a and_o ancient_a write_v engrave_v on_o a_o stone_n in_o the_o chinesâ—â—_n and_o chaldean_a or_o syrian_a language_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o law_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o saviour_n arrive_v among_o the_o chinese_n about_o a_o thousand_o year_n since_o anno_fw-la dom._n 636._o now_o the_o stone_n be_v erect_v and_o inscribe_v anno_fw-la 782._o that_o be_v a_o hundred_o and_o forty_o six_o year_n after_o the_o preach_a of_o the_o gospel_n there_o by_o which_o a_o great_a conversion_n unto_o the_o faith_n be_v wrought_v church_n be_v build_v and_o bishop_n constitute_v the_o king_n that_o govern_v at_o that_o time_n be_v reckon_v about_o eight_o who_o name_n be_v express_v in_o that_o stone_n and_o who_o â—ll_o of_o they_o favour_v the_o christian_n now_o the_o preacher_n of_o this_o law_n come_v out_o of_o palestine_n and_o other_o adjoin_a place_n it_o contain_v the_o chief_a mystery_n of_o our_o faith_n which_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o inscription_n all_o which_o be_v large_o evident_a from_o the_o forementioned_a testimony_n of_o father_n boim_n martinius_n and_o daniel_n bartolus_n which_o be_v collect_v from_o the_o study_n of_o the_o college_n of_o our_o society_n but_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v worth_a our_o time_n to_o produce_v this_o syrian_a inscription_n in_o the_o same_o strangelick_n character_n in_o which_o it_o be_v express_v in_o china_n together_o with_o the_o interpretation_n especial_o see_v the_o father_n of_o our_o society_n in_o china_n therefore_o send_v it_o hither_o into_o europe_n in_o a_o particular_a folio_n print_v in_o china_n by_o the_o master_n of_o that_o language_n for_o a_o better_a explanation_n of_o it_o for_o this_o be_v explain_v i_o hope_v it_o will_v so_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o both_o the_o day_n the_o name_n the_o country_n and_o the_o office_n of_o the_o preacher_n of_o the_o divine_a law_n and_o final_o our_o design_n will_v the_o more_o evident_o be_v discover_v the_o inscription_n of_o the_o syriack_n name_n be_v twofold_a one_o of_o they_o sculp_v on_o the_o margin_n the_o other_o on_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o monument_n and_o because_o this_o latter_a contain_v the_o year_n of_o its_o erection_n we_o shall_v begin_v the_o thread_n of_o our_o exposition_n from_o it_o the_o syrian_a inscription_n be_v as_o follow_v adam_n kasiso_n ucurapiscupo_n upapasi_fw-la di_fw-it zinstà n_n bejume_v abo_n dabohotho_fw-la mor_fw-mi haâ—an_fw-mi jesua_n kataliko_n patriarchis_fw-la besanath_n alf_a utisaain_n utarten_v dia_z vanoie_n mor_fw-mi libuzad_v kasiso_n ucurapiscupo_n de_fw-fr cumdan_n medinah_fw-mi malcutho_fw-mi bar_n nihh_fw-mi napso_fw-la milis_fw-la kasiso_fw-la dmâ—_n balehh_v medintho_n tahhurstan_n akim_n lucho_fw-la hono_fw-la papa_n dicta_fw-la bou_fw-mi beh_fw-it medaharnaâ—ho_fw-mi dpharukan_fw-mi ucaruzuthon_n dabhain_v daluat_a malche_fw-mi dizinio_fw-mi adam_n meschamschono_n bar_v jidbuzad_a curaphiscopo_n mar_n sargis_n kasiso_n ucurapiscupo_n sarnischua_n kasiso_n gabriel_n kasiso_n varcodia_fw-la cun_fw-la urisch_n ahito_fw-la de_fw-fr cumbdan_n u._fw-mi dasrag_fw-mi this_o the_o explication_n of_o it_o adam_n priest_n or_o presbyter_n and_o archbishop_n and_o pope_n of_o zindostan_n or_o the_o region_n of_o china_n where_o note_v that_o stan_n in_o the_o indian_a language_n signify_v a_o region_n whence_o be_v derive_v indostan_n turkistan_n or_o turchestan_n and_o the_o like_a name_n that_o signify_v the_o same_o even_o as_o the_o follow_a german_a name_n friesland_n and_o franckeland_n signify_v the_o region_n of_o frisia_n and_o francovia_n and_o other_o innumerable_a word_n of_o the_o like_a kind_n all_o which_o be_v 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the_o chinese_n tongue_n and_o the_o italian_a translate_v from_o the_o portuguese_n place_n the_o year_n of_o the_o erection_n of_o this_o stone_n in_o the_o year_n 782._o after_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n but_o the_o syriack_n inscription_n fix_v the_o time_n according_a to_o the_o compute_v of_o the_o grecian_n at_o the_o year_n 1092._o which_o how_o different_a it_o be_v from_o the_o other_o account_n be_v easy_a to_o be_v discover_v by_o any_o one_o now_o that_o all_o these_o particular_n may_v be_v the_o better_o reconcile_v and_o this_o knot_n also_o unloose_v i_o think_v it_o requisite_a first_o to_o set_v down_o word_n for_o word_n the_o translation_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a inscription_n thus_o the_o portuguese_n have_v it_o no_o nosso_fw-it potentado_n do_fw-mi grande_n tam_fw-la segundo_fw-la anno_fw-la deste_fw-fr kien_fw-fr cium_o que_fw-fr eram_fw-la do_v senhor_n 782._o no_o mes_fw-fr de_fw-fr autuno_n no_o settimo_fw-la dia_z dia_z de_fw-fr domingo_n foy_fw-fr 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hollander_n at_o batavia_n and_o high_o recommend_v unto_o they_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o his_o great_a sorrow_n that_o he_o can_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o have_v any_o speech_n with_o he_o now_o when_o waggenaar_n see_v that_o he_o can_v not_o effect_v any_o thing_n with_o he_o he_o depart_v from_o canton_n with_o both_o the_o yacht_n and_o return_v back_o to_o batavia_n nothing_o be_v do_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n these_o barbarous_a people_n be_v not_o ashamed_a to_o demand_v ten_o thousand_o toel_n of_o silver_n only_o to_o render_v the_o letter_n and_o present_v acceptable_a to_o the_o viceroy_n before_o any_o conference_n can_v be_v have_v about_o drive_v a_o trade_n with_o they_o now_o according_a to_o the_o proposal_n of_o the_o general_n john_n maatzuiker_n and_o the_o council_n of_o india_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o east-india_n company_n at_o amsterdam_n conclude_v and_o order_v a_o embassy_n to_o be_v send_v from_o batavia_n to_o the_o grand_a tartar_n cham_fw-mi at_o peking_n whereupon_o peter_n de_fw-fr goyer_n and_o jacob_n de_fw-fr keyzer_n both_o merchant_n be_v choose_v ambassador_n at_o hurkos_n with_o a_o suitable_a train_n of_o fourteen_o peson_n namely_o two_o merchant_n six_o waiter_n a_o steward_n a_o chirurgeon_n two_o interpreter_n one_o trumpeter_n and_o one_o drummer_n beside_o these_o they_o take_v two_o merchant_n more_o with_o they_o who_o during_o their_o voyage_n to_o peking_n be_v to_o take_v care_n of_o the_o traffic_n at_o canton_n namely_o francis_n lantsman_n as_o chief_a and_o henry_n gramsbergen_n his_o companion_n two_o yatche_n be_v appoint_v to_o transport_v they_o from_o batavia_n to_o canton_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o imperial_a city_n of_o peking_n the_o present_n which_o the_o ambassador_n take_v with_o they_o for_o the_o great_a cham_n consist_v of_o several_a rich_a piece-goods_a as_o cloth_n kersey_n and_o other_o woollen_a manufacture_n of_o fine_a linen_n mace_n cinnamon_n clove_n nutmeg_n coral_n little_a trunk_n of_o wax_n perspective-glass_n looking-glass_n great_a and_o small_a sword_n gun_n feather_n armour_n and_o several_a other_o ware_n the_o content_n of_o their_o credential_n be_v to_o this_o purpose_n that_o the_o chief_a end_n and_o design_n of_o this_o embassy_n be_v to_o make_v a_o good_a agreement_n and_o firm_a league_n with_o the_o emperor_n of_o tartary_n and_o china_n that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o free_a trade_n drive_v throughout_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n betwixt_o his_o subject_n and_o the_o hollander_n and_o that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v confirm_v under_o the_o hand_n and_o seal_n of_o both_o party_n have_v put_v aboard_o the_o merchandise_n present_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o our_o voyage_n the_o ambassador_n go_v aboard_o on_o the_o 14._o of_o june_n 1655._o with_o all_o their_o follower_n we_o set_v sail_n that_o same_o night_n with_o a_o southeast_n wind_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o batavia_n steer_v our_o course_n northerly_a but_o before_o i_o 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deceitful_a impudent_a and_o not_o to_o be_v trust_v when_o they_o have_v pass_v their_o word_n for_o when_o a_o king_n of_o java_n have_v falsify_v his_o word_n and_o his_o promise_n and_o be_v handsome_o rebuke_v for_o it_o he_o return_v for_o answer_v that_o the_o tongue_n of_o a_o man_n be_v not_o make_v of_o bone_n as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v more_o pliant_a to_o the_o flexibility_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o various_a resolution_n they_o be_v also_o represent_v to_o be_v cruel_a bloodthirsty_a and_o hardly_o appease_v when_o once_o offend_v as_o also_o that_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o eat_v the_o dead_a body_n of_o their_o friend_n as_o to_o their_o religion_n they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o mahumetan_n or_o idolater_n according_a to_o the_o several_a persuasion_n of_o their_o king_n who_o be_v many_o in_o this_o isle_n where_o paganism_n as_o the_o most_o ancient_a be_v spread_v universal_o and_o most_o of_o they_o be_v idolater_n
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side_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n cause_v the_o whole_a city_n to_o be_v total_o destroy_v the_o hollander_n on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o frustrate_v this_o their_o design_n build_v two_o strong_a fort_n whereof_o one_o be_v call_v mauritius_n situate_v upon_o the_o river_n and_o the_o other_o nassau_n in_o memory_n of_o that_o great_a captain_n both_o these_o place_n be_v always_o well_o provide_v against_o the_o continual_a assault_n of_o those_o of_o java_n who_o be_v still_o endeavour_v to_o drive_v the_o hollander_n out_o of_o this_o their_o plantation_n at_o last_o after_o some_o year_n the_o hollander_n the_o better_a to_o withstand_v the_o violent_a incursion_n of_o the_o native_n build_v a_o new_a city_n fare_v strong_a than_o the_o other_o where_o former_o the_o old_a caloppa_n or_o jacatra_n be_v situate_v and_o call_v it_o batavia_n this_o batavia_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o height_n of_o 6_o degree_n and_o 10_o minute_n be_v foursquare_a a_o river_n run_v through_o the_o 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former_o the_o stadtholder_n and_o chief_a commander_n of_o these_o part_n be_v wont_a to_o enjoy_v and_o life_n in_o no_o less_o pomp_n and_o state_n than_o the_o prince_n of_o europe_n and_o this_o great_a honour_n and_o authority_n be_v confer_v upon_o he_o that_o the_o native_n dazzle_v with_o the_o splendour_n of_o his_o greatness_n may_v so_o be_v the_o better_o reduce_v under_o obedience_n but_o with_o this_o commander_n in_o chief_n be_v join_v a_o council_n who_o advice_n be_v always_o to_o be_v take_v in_o matter_n of_o peace_n and_o war_n the_o protection_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o commerce_n thereof_o the_o judicature_n consist_v of_o a_o precedent_n and_o several_a alderman_n there_o be_v one_o general_a guild_n or_o chamber_n of_o account_n to_o which_o all_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v in_o india_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o hollander_n be_v responsible_a the_o whole_a city_n lie_v surround_v with_o thirteen_o strong_a bulwark_n which_o 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make_v a_o agreement_n with_o the_o english_a and_o join_v their_o force_n together_o lay_v close_a siege_n to_o the_o new_a fort_n which_o defend_v itself_o gallant_o for_o six_o month_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o hollander_n bring_v several_a of_o their_o ship_n from_o the_o malava_n island_n to_o the_o number_n of_o eighteen_o which_o come_v thither_o to_o relieve_v their_o besiege_a countryman_n the_o english_a have_v advice_n of_o their_o come_n leave_v the_o siege_n bring_v the_o cannon_n aboard_o and_o set_v sail_n through_o the_o straight_a of_o sunda_n the_o general_n john_n peterson_n koene_n who_o be_v new_o arrive_v with_o a_o fleet_n from_o holland_n not_o doubt_v of_o the_o treachery_n of_o the_o king_n though_o he_o endeavour_v to_o excuse_v himself_o lay_v all_o the_o blame_n upon_o the_o english_a land_a his_o man_n with_o good_a order_n and_o conduct_v who_o after_o a_o few_o hour_n refreshment_n prepare_v themselves_o to_o assault_v the_o besieger_n which_o 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in_o the_o night_n but_o they_o be_v likewise_o force_v to_o retreat_n with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n who_o dead_a body_n be_v no_o small_a annoyance_n to_o the_o besiege_a against_o this_o inconvenience_n they_o burn_v several_a odoriferous_a gum_n to_o prevent_v the_o contagion_n which_o may_v proceed_v from_o thence_o among_o other_o remarkable_a passage_n that_o happen_v during_o this_o siege_n be_v that_o storm_n most_o to_o be_v admire_v which_o the_o enemy_n make_v upon_o a_o fort_n situate_v at_o the_o far_a corner_n of_o the_o city_n which_o be_v only_o guard_v by_o sixteen_o soldier_n who_o show_v far_o great_a courage_n in_o make_v their_o defence_n than_o the_o assaulter_n in_o the_o attempt_n with_o their_o whole_a army_n for_o after_o that_o they_o have_v spend_v all_o their_o powder_n and_o shot_n they_o untile_v the_o very_a fort_n and_o with_o the_o shard_n thereof_o do_v very_o great_a execution_n upon_o the_o enemy_n which_o ammunition_n be_v likewise_o spend_v and_o 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