auxilium_fw-la be_v the_o most_o usual_a term_n for_o imposition_n upon_o good_n import_v and_o export_v as_o by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n by_o which_o such_o imposition_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n in_o which_o they_o be_v call_v most_o common_o by_o the_o name_n of_o aid_n as_o proceed_v of_o good_a will_n and_o benevolence_n the_o four_o statute_n allege_v on_o this_o part_n be_v that_o of_o 5._o e._n 2._o c._n 14._o just_a in_o point_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n ordin_n 5._o e._n 2._o cap._n 14._o rot._n ordin_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v set_v it_o down_o as_o i_o find_v it_o verbatim_o in_o the_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n ensâ—ment_fw-fr novelles_fw-fr custom_n sont_fw-fr levy_n &_o ancient_n enhaunce_n come_v sur_fw-fr levy_z drape_n vine_n aver_v du_fw-fr pois_fw-mi &_o aut_fw-la choses_fw-fr purquoy_fw-fr les_fw-fr merchant_n veynont_fw-fr pluis_fw-it vilement_n &_o meynes_n de_fw-fr bien_fw-fr menynent_fw-fr en_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr &_o les_fw-fr 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le_fw-fr custom_n de_fw-fr leynes_o peulx_fw-fr &_o the_o quir_n etc._n etc._n si_fw-mi aver_v les_fw-fr do_v it_o by_o this_o law_n be_v recite_v that_o by_o the_o levy_n of_o new_a custom_n and_o by_o the_o raise_n of_o old_a traffic_n be_v destroy_v and_o all_o thing_n make_v dear_a and_o therefore_o all_o new_a imposition_n and_o custom_n be_v discharge_v chariâ_fw-la mercatoriâ_fw-la by_o which_o custom_n that_o be_v increase_v on_o alien_n be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o reason_n allege_v because_o it_o be_v sans_o assent_n de_fw-fr baronage_n and_o against_o the_o great_a charter_n and_o this_o be_v further_a with_o this_o clause_n save_v to_o the_o king_n his_o custom_n of_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n si_fw-mi aver_v les_fw-fr do_v it_o great_a war_n have_v be_v raise_v against_o the_o credit_n of_o this_o law_n in_o the_o parliament_n house_n and_o three_o thing_n have_v be_v especial_o object_v against_o it_o first_o that_o it_o be_v no_o law_n for_o it_o be_v enforce_v upon_o the_o king_n by_o some_o of_o the_o nobility_n that_o be_v too_o strong_a for_o he_o the_o realm_n be_v then_o in_o tumult_n and_o mutiny_n about_o the_o quarrel_n of_o peirce_n of_o gaveston_n so_o never_o have_v the_o king_n free_a consent_n but_o he_o give_v way_n unto_o it_o for_o fear_n of_o great_a mischief_n second_o that_o in_o itself_o it_o be_v unjust_a as_o in_o take_v away_o the_o custom_n grant_v to_o the_o king_n by_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la 31._o e._n 1._o and_o in_o make_v doubt_n whether_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o custom_n of_o wool_n etc._n etc._n by_o those_o word_n save_v it_o to_o he_o si_fw-mi auâ—r_fw-mi los_fw-es do_v it_o the_o three_o objection_n be_v that_o if_o it_o be_v a_o law_n it_o be_v repeal_v to_o these_o i_o give_v particular_a answer_n to_o the_o first_o that_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v both_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o king_n and_o people_n with_o a_o purpose_n and_o intention_n on_o all_o part_n to_o settle_v thing_n in_o a_o stay_n and_o order_n both_o in_o the_o king_n house_n and_o commonwealth_n the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n stand_v in_o good_a term_n when_o this_o business_n be_v take_v in_o hand_n and_o it_o be_v begin_v and_o end_v with_o great_a solemnity_n and_o ceremony_n for_o the_o king_n be_v the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n give_v commission_n under_o his_o great_a seal_n to_o 32._o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a 2._o com._n 16._o mar._n 3._o e._n 2._o rot._n ordin_fw-fr 5_o e._n 2._o of_o which_o there_o be_v eleven_o bishop_n eight_o earl_n and_o thirteen_o baron_n they_o be_v as_o committee_n of_o the_o high_a house_n to_o devise_v ordinance_n for_o the_o good_a government_n of_o his_o house_n and_o his_o realm_n in_o which_o commission_n he_o do_v for_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n the_o good_a of_o he_o and_o of_o his_o realm_n of_o his_o freewill_n grant_v to_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o other_o elect_v by_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n full_a power_n to_o ordain_v the_o state_n of_o his_o house_n and_o realm_n by_o such_o ordinance_n as_o by_o they_o shall_v be_v make_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n the_o honour_n and_o profit_n of_o holy_a church_n the_o honour_n of_o himself_o the_o profit_n of_o he_o and_o his_o people_n according_a to_o right_n and_o reason_n and_o the_o oath_n he_o make_v at_o his_o coronation_n these_o join_n with_o other_o of_o discreet_a commons_o in_o parliament_n and_o take_v every_o of_o they_o a_o solemn_a oath_n for_o their_o sincere_a demeanour_n in_o the_o business_n do_v make_v this_o and_o other_o ordinance_n which_o be_v so_o well_o like_v of_o by_o the_o king_n that_o after_o they_o be_v make_v he_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o observe_v they_o and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v publish_v in_o paul_n churchyard_n by_o the_o bishop_n of_o salisbury_n by_o denounce_v excommunication_n against_o all_o that_o shall_v wilful_o infringe_v they_o ordin_fw-fr pullic_fw-la 3._o kal._n oct._n 5._o e._n 2._o r_o t._n ord_n pat._n 5._o oct._n 5._o e._n 2._o rot._n ordin_fw-fr and_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n date_v 5._o oct_n 5._o regni_fw-la svi_fw-la do_v send_v they_o through_o the_o realm_n to_o be_v publish_v and_o from_o thenceforth_o to_o be_v observe_v thereby_o signify_v his_o great_a like_n and_o approbation_n of_o they_o after_o which_o they_o have_v the_o force_n and_o power_n of_o law_n give_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o second_o objection_n which_o be_v the_o injustness_n of_o the_o law_n instance_a in_o two_o point_n the_o take_v away_o of_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la and_o the_o doubt_v of_o the_o king_n right_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n &_o to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o i_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v unjust_a but_o to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o that_o charter_n do_v contain_v in_o it_o divers_a grant_n of_o 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ought_v to_o have_v it_o so_o the_o word_n si_fw-la bathe_v the_o signification_n of_o quando_fw-la for_o it_o have_v be_v a_o folly_n to_o have_v make_v a_o save_v of_o that_o of_o the_o right_a whereof_o they_o have_v doubt_v neither_o be_v it_o likely_a but_o that_o they_o will_v have_v take_v it_o away_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v lawful_a but_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n to_o doubt_v of_o the_o right_n of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v give_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o ever_o continue_v in_o force_n without_o challenge_n or_o exception_n to_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o it_o the_o three_o objection_n be_v that_o this_o statute_n be_v repeal_v to_o this_o i_o plead_v nullum_fw-la valet_fw-la recordum_fw-la if_o it_o be_v repeal_v it_o must_v be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o unum_fw-la quodque_fw-la dissolvitur_fw-la iisdem_fw-la modis_fw-la quibus_fw-la est_fw-la colligatum_fw-la i_o and_o other_o have_v search_v the_o record_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o endervour_v
so_o long_o withhold_v we_o and_o we_o your_o majesty_n most_o humble_a faithful_a and_o loyal_a subject_n shall_v ever_o according_a to_o our_o bind_a duty_n pray_v for_o your_o majesty_n long_a and_o happy_a reign_n over_o we_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o king_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n may_v set_v imposition_n upon_o the_o ware_n and_o good_n of_o merchant_n export_v and_o import_v out_o of_o and_o into_o this_o realm_n three_o thing_n have_v be_v debate_v in_o this_o parliament_n that_o have_v much_o concern_v the_o right_n of_o our_o whole_a nation_n of_o which_o every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v exceed_v the_o other_o by_o a_o gradation_n in_o weight_n and_o moment_n the_o first_o be_v the_o change_n of_o our_o name_n which_o be_v a_o point_n of_o honour_n wherein_o we_o show_v ourselves_o not_o willing_a to_o leave_v that_o name_n by_o which_o our_o ancestor_n make_v our_o nation_n famous_a proceed_n the_o name_n of_o britain_n not_o admit_v in_o legal_a 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effect_n of_o this_o judgement_n which_o we_o râ—â—â—_n of_o in_o the_o poet_n tros_n tyriusque_fw-la mihi_fw-la nullo_n discrimine_fw-la habetur_fw-la aeneas_n virgil._n aen._n l._n 1._o dido_n speech_n to_o aeneas_n the_o three_o be_v the_o question_n now_o in_o hand_n which_o exceed_v the_o other_o two_o in_o importance_n &_o consequence_n concern_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o it_o be_v a_o question_n of_o our_o very_a essence_n not_o what_o we_o shall_v be_v call_v nor_o how_o we_o shall_v divide_v that_o we_o have_v but_o whether_o we_o shall_v have_v any_o thing_n or_o nothing_o for_o if_o there_o be_v a_o right_a in_o the_o king_n to_o alter_v the_o property_n of_o that_o which_o be_v we_o without_o our_o consent_n we_o be_v but_o tenant_n at_o his_o will_n of_o that_o which_o we_o have_v if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n then_o have_v we_o property_n and_o be_v tenant_n at_o our_o own_o will_n for_o that_o which_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n be_v do_v by_o all_o our_o will_n and_o consent_n and_o this_o be_v the_o very_a state_n of_o the_o question_n which_o be_v propose_v that_o be_v whether_o the_o king_n may_v impose_v without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n imposition_n be_v of_o two_o nature_n foreign_a and_o intestine_a intestine_a be_v those_o which_o be_v raise_v within_o our_o land_n in_o the_o commerce_n and_o deal_n that_o be_v at_o home_n within_o ourselves_o and_o may_v aswell_o for_o that_o reason_n be_v so_o call_v as_o for_o that_o vescuntur_fw-la intestiniâ—_n reipublicae_fw-la they_o be_v feed_v and_o nourish_v with_o the_o consume_n and_o waste_v of_o the_o entrails_n of_o the_o common_a wealth_n against_o these_o i_o need_v not_o to_o speak_v for_o the_o king_n learned_a council_n have_v with_o great_a honour_n and_o conscience_n in_o full_a council_n acknowledge_v they_o to_o be_v against_o the_o law_n therefore_o i_o will_v apply_v myself_o to_o speak_v of_o imposition_n foreign_a be_v the_o single_a question_n now_o in_o hand_n and_o maintain_v on_o the_o king_n behalf_n with_o great_a art_n and_o eloquence_n the_o inconvenience_n of_o these_o imposition_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o be_v how_o hurtful_a they_o be_v to_o the_o merchant_n in_o impoverish_v they_o in_o their_o estate_n to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o increase_n of_o his_o revenue_n by_o decay_n of_o traffic_n and_o to_o the_o whole_a people_n in_o make_v all_o commodity_n excessive_a dear_a be_v confess_v by_o all_o and_o therefore_o need_v no_o debate_n the_o point_n of_o right_n be_v now_o only_o in_o question_n and_o of_o that_o i_o will_v speak_v with_o conscience_n and_o integrity_n rather_o desirous_a that_o the_o truth_n may_v be_v know_v and_o right_o be_v do_v than_o that_o the_o opinion_n of_o myself_o or_o any_o other_o may_v prevail_v the_o occasion_n of_o this_o question_n be_v give_v by_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n late_o set_v our_o affront_v with_o the_o copy_n of_o letter_n patent_n date_a july_n 28._o 6._o jac._n in_o which_o book_n beside_o the_o rate_n be_v set_v down_o every_o kind_n of_o merchandise_n export_v and_o import_v for_o the_o true_a answer_v of_o subsidy_n to_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n there_o be_v a_o addition_n of_o imposition_n upon_o all_o those_o kind_n of_o ware_n which_o within_o the_o book_n be_v express_v and_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o imposition_n as_o high_a and_o in_o some_o case_n high_o than_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o subsidy_n and_o this_o declare_v to_o be_v by_o authority_n of_o those_o letter_n patent_n hereupon_o consider_v with_o myself_o that_o heretofore_o the_o set_n on_o of_o one_o only_a imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n upon_o some_o one_o kind_n of_o merchandise_n and_o that_o for_o a_o small_a time_n and_o upon_o urgent_a necessity_n of_o actual_a war_n do_v so_o affect_v our_o whole_a nation_n and_o especial_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n that_o neither_o the_o sun_n do_v shine_v nor_o the_o river_n run_v their_o course_n until_o it_o be_v take_v off_o by_o the_o public_a judgement_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n i_o think_v it_o concern_v i_o and_o other_o member_n of_o that_o council_n that_o be_v no_o less_o trust_v for_o our_o country_n than_o those_o in_o former_a time_n and_o have_v their_o action_n to_o guide_v and_o direct_v we_o to_o have_v the_o same_o care_n they_o have_v in_o preserve_v the_o right_a and_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n have_v now_o more_o cause_n than_o they_o have_v for_o that_o the_o imposition_n now_o set_v on_o without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o upon_o one_o or_o two_o special_a kind_n of_o good_n but_o almost_o indefinite_a upon_o all_o and_o do_v extend_v to_o the_o number_n of_o many_o hundred_o as_o appear_v by_o that_o print_a book_n of_o rate_n and_o be_v set_v in_o charge_n upon_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o a_o inheritance_n to_o continue_v to_o the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n for_o ever_o which_o limitation_n of_o estate_n in_o matter_n of_o imposition_n be_v never_o hear_v of_o nor_o read_v of_o before_o as_o i_o conceive_v the_o inducement_n express_v in_o these_o letter_n patent_n be_v much_o upon_o point_n of_o state_n and_o with_o reference_n to_o the_o right_n and_o practice_n of_o foreign_a prince_n for_o this_o i_o will_v not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o enter_v into_o the_o consideration_n of_o such_o great_a mystery_n of_o policy_n and_o government_n but_o will_v only_o put_v you_o in_o mind_n of_o that_o i_o observe_v out_o of_o tit._n livius_n the_o roman_a historiographer_n 8._o tit._n liv._o l._n 8._o omnem_fw-la divini_fw-la humanique_fw-la moris_fw-la memoriam_fw-la abolemus_fw-la cum_fw-la nova_fw-la peregrinaque_fw-la patriis_fw-la &_o priscis_fw-la praeferimus_fw-la to_o that_o which_o have_v be_v speak_v for_o the_o king_n prerogative_n i_o will_v give_v answer_n to_o so_o much_o of_o it_o as_o i_o may_v convenient_o in_o my_o passage_n through_o this_o debate_n wherein_o i_o will_v principal_o endeavour_v to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o such_o new_a objection_n as_o be_v make_v by_o the_o worthy_a and_o learned_a counsellor_n of_o the_o king_n that_o speak_v last_o in_o maintenance_n of_o his_o majesty_n prerogative_n the_o case_n in_o term_n be_v this_o the_o king_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n before_o recite_v 6._o pat._n july_n 28._o jac._n 6._o have_v ordain_v will_v and_o command_v that_o these_o new_a imposition_n contain_v in_o that_o book_n of_o rate_n shall_v be_v for_o ever_o hereafter_o pay_v unto_o he_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n upon_o pain_n of_o his_o displeasure_n hereupon_o the_o question_n arise_v whether_o by_o this_o edict_n and_o ordinance_n so_o make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o by_o his_o letter_n
must_v give_v his_o own_o letter_n patent_n the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n to_o alter_v the_o property_n of_o his_o subject_n good_n which_o be_v also_o against_o the_o law_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n can_v take_v his_o subject_n good_n without_o their_o consent_n it_o need_v not_o be_v prove_v more_o than_o a_o principle_n it_o be_v jus_o indigena_fw-la a_o old_a home-born_a right_n declare_v to_o be_v law_n by_o divers_a statute_n of_o the_o realm_n 2._o 34_o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o as_o in_o 3â—_n e._n 3._o cap_n 2._o that_o no_o office_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o his_o heir_n shall_v take_v any_o good_n of_o any_o manner_n of_o person_n without_o the_o assent_n and_o good_a will_n of_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o good_n belong_v the_o same_o be_v declare_v in_o many_o other_o statute_n make_v against_o prisage_n and_o purveyance_n neither_o have_v ever_o any_o king_n attempt_v to_o go_v plain_o and_o direct_o against_o that_o right_n but_o have_v devise_v certain_a legal_a 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the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n that_o there_o shall_v go_v out_o no_o commission_n out_o of_o chancery_n for_o hobbelery_n archer_n and_o other_o charge_n to_o believe_v upon_o the_o people_n if_o they_o be_v not_o grant_v in_o parliament_n which_o ordinance_n be_v not_o observe_v by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o people_n be_v impoverish_v acd_v decay_v for_o which_o they_o pray_v the_o king_n that_o he_o will_v be_v please_v to_o take_v pity_n of_o his_o people_n and_o the_o ordinance_n and_o grant_v make_v to_o his_o people_n in_o parliament_n to_o affirm_v and_o hold_v and_o that_o if_o such_o commission_n go_v out_o without_o assent_n or_o parliament_n that_o the_o commons_o which_o be_v grieve_v thereby_o may_v have_v writ_n of_o supersedeas_fw-la according_a to_o the_o say_a ordinance_n and_o that_o the_o people_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o obey_v they_o to_o this_o the_o king_n answer_n be_v si_fw-mi ul_fw-mi tiel_fw-mi imposition_n fuit_fw-la fait_fw-fr per_fw-la grand_fw-fr necessitis_fw-la &_o ceo_fw-la del_fw-it assent_n des_fw-fr prelate_n counies_n baron_n &_o aut_fw-la grandes_fw-fr &_o ausome_n des_fw-fr commons_o adonque_fw-la present_n neant_n moins_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr signior_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr ne_fw-fr voet_n que_fw-fr tiel_fw-fr imposition_n non_fw-fr duement_fw-fr fait_fw-fr soit_fw-fr treit_n in_o consequence_n eins_fw-ge voet_n que_fw-fr les_fw-fr ordinance_n dont_fw-fr cest_fw-fr petition_n fait_fw-fr mention_n soit_fw-fr bienment_n guard_n the_o last_o time_n that_o ever_o king_n attempt_v the_o course_n of_o exaction_n be_v 17_o h._n 8._o 8._o stow_n annal_n 17._o h._n 8._o upon_o the_o take_n of_o the_o french_a king_n at_o pavia_n by_o the_o force_n of_o charles_n the_o five_o cardinal_n wolsey_n have_v a_o purpose_n to_o put_v the_o king_n into_o a_o war_n about_o that_o quarrel_n and_o find_v a_o war_n about_o that_o quarrel_n and_o find_v his_o coffer_n empty_a advise_v this_o way_n to_o send_v out_o commission_n and_o by_o they_o 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endeavour_v by_o application_n of_o the_o text_n of_o scripture_n to_o overthrow_v the_o ancient_a law_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n i_o will_v advise_v they_o to_o be_v admonish_v by_o the_o ill_a success_n of_o the_o cardinal_n in_o this_o particular_a action_n and_o by_o the_o miserable_a catastrophe_n of_o his_o whole_a life_n and_o fortune_n seal_n loan_n and_o privy_a seal_n loan_n and_o apprest_n be_v those_o which_o we_o call_v privy_a seal_n which_o though_o they_o be_v more_o moderate_a in_o show_n yet_o be_v make_v against_o the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o party_n be_v as_o injurous_a indeed_o as_o the_o other_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n 16._o rot._n pat_o 25._o e._n 3._o num_fw-la 16._o 25._o e_o 3_o num._n 16._o make_v a_o grievous_a complaint_n to_o the_o king_n against_o the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o pray_v that_o none_o from_o thenceforth_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o make_v loan_n against_o their_o will_n and_o they_o give_v this_o reason_n in_o their_o 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by_o that_o property_n but_o by_o his_o own_o letter_n patent_n by_o which_o he_o declare_v he_o will_v have_v that_o same_o as_o a_o imposition_n for_o the_o judgement_n give_v not_o the_o right_a but_o only_o do_v manifest_a and_o declare_v it_o and_z giveth_z execution_n of_o it_o so_o in_o this_o point_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o king_n patent_n have_v the_o force_n and_o power_n of_o the_o law_n or_o not_o for_o if_o it_o be_v not_o maintain_v that_o it_o have_v it_o can_v never_o be_v conclude_v that_o he_o can_v transfer_v the_o property_n of_o his_o subject_n good_n to_o himself_o without_o the_o assent_n of_o they_o for_o quod_fw-la meum_fw-la est_fw-la sine_fw-la facto_fw-la meo_fw-la alterius_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la and_o if_o you_o give_v this_o power_n to_o the_o king_n patent_n you_o subject_a the_o law_n and_o take_v away_o
merchandizis_fw-la scire_fw-la faciant_fw-la quod_fw-la saluò_fw-la &_o securè_fw-la in_o terram_fw-la angliae_fw-la veniant_fw-la cum_fw-la vinis_fw-la &_o merchandizis_fw-la suis_fw-la faciendo_fw-la inde_fw-la rectas_fw-la &_o dubitas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la nec_fw-la sibi_fw-la timeant_fw-la de_fw-la malis_fw-la tolnetis_fw-gr quae_fw-la iis_fw-la faciat_fw-la rex_fw-la vel_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la sva_fw-la fieri_fw-la permittat_fw-la by_o this_o record_n the_o word_n consutudo_fw-la be_v interpret_v to_o be_v mos_fw-la not_o portorium_fw-la otherwise_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v solvendo_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la not_o faciendo_fw-la also_o these_o word_n antiquum_fw-la &_o rectum_fw-la in_o the_o statute_n in_o this_o writ_n be_v rectum_fw-la &_o debitum_fw-la which_o do_v more_o enforce_v a_o certainty_n of_o right_n and_o duty_n which_o by_o no_o mean_n can_v be_v intend_v in_o imposition_n objection_n against_o this_o law_n be_v make_v in_o the_o last_o argument_n first_o that_o it_o be_v make_v for_o alien_n this_o be_v true_a the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n do_v plain_o show_v it_o be_v make_v for_o alien_n but_o if_o the_o state_n be_v so_o careful_a to_o provide_v for_o they_o shall_v we_o not_o judge_v that_o with_o denizen_n it_o be_v so_o already_o and_o that_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v to_o extend_v that_o liberty_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o alien_n which_o denizen_n have_v by_o the_o common_a law_n succeed_a time_n do_v so_o conceive_v of_o it_o as_o appeareth_z by_o the_o statute_n of_o 2._o e._n 3._o cap._n 9_o the_o word_n be_v 9_o 2._o e._n 3._o cap._n 9_o that_o all_o merchant_n stranger_n and_o prince_n may_v go_v and_o come_v with_o their_o merchandize_n in_o england_n after_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n and_o that_o writ_n be_v thereupon_o send_v to_o all_o the_o sheriff_n in_o england_n and_o to_o mayor_n and_o bailiff_n of_o good_a town_n where_o need_n shall_v require_v a_o second_o objection_n be_v make_v in_o the_o last_o argument_n out_o of_o these_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o m._n char._n that_o merchant_n may_v free_o traffic_v nisi_fw-la publicè_fw-la antea_fw-la prohibiti_fw-la fuerint_fw-la by_o which_o be_v enforce_v that_o the_o king_n have_v power_n to_o restrain_v and_o prohibit_v traffic_n therefore_o to_o impose_v it_o be_v agree_v there_o may_v be_v a_o public_a restraint_n of_o traffic_n upon_o respect_n of_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o whether_o that_o which_o be_v call_v publica_fw-la prohibitio_fw-la in_o the_o statute_n be_v intend_v by_o the_o king_n alone_o or_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v a_o question_n for_o such_o restraint_n have_v still_o be_v by_o parliament_n but_o admit_v the_o king_n may_v make_v a_o restraint_n of_o traffic_n in_o part_n for_o some_o public_a respect_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o do_v this_o in_o point_n of_o protection_n as_o trust_v by_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o do_v that_o which_o be_v for_o the_o public_a good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o if_o he_o use_v this_o trust_n to_o make_v a_o gain_n and_o benefit_n by_o impose_v that_o be_v a_o breach_n or_o the_o trust_n and_o a_o sale_n of_o government_n and_o protection_n but_o more_o of_o this_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o speak_v in_o the_o answer_n of_o the_o main_a objection_n the_o next_o law_n be_v that_o notable_a statute_n of_o e._n in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n make_v upon_o the_o very_a point_n in_o question_n 7._o 25._o e._n 1._o cap._n 7._o the_o word_n be_v these_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o he_o most_o part_n of_o the_o commonalty_n of_o this_o realm_n find_v themselves_o sore_o grieve_v with_o the_o male_a toll_n of_o wool_n that_o be_v to_o wit_n a_o toll_n of_o forty_o shilling_n for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n and_o have_v petition_v to_o we_o for_o to_o release_v the_o same_o we_o at_o their_o request_n have_v clear_o release_v it_o and_o have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n that_o we_o shall_v not_o take_v such_o thing_n without_o their_o common_a consent_n and_o good_a will_n save_v to_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n the_o custom_n of_o wool_n skin_n and_o leather_n grant_v before_o by_o the_o commonalty_n aforesaid_a against_o the_o application_n of_o this_o law_n to_o the_o question_n now_o in_o hand_n many_o objection_n be_v make_v some_o out_o of_o matter_n precedent_n to_o the_o law_n some_o out_o of_o the_o law_n itself_o some_o out_o of_o matter_n subsequent_a and_o follow_v after_o the_o law_n for_o matter_n precedent_n it_o be_v object_v out_o of_o thomas_n walsingham_n 1603._o tho._n walsingham_n in_o e._n 1._o foe_n 71_o 72_o 73._o edit_n per_fw-la w._n camb._n impres_n francof_n 1603._o a_o historiographer_n of_o good_a credit_n that_o write_v of_o that_o time_n when_o the_o statute_n be_v make_v that_o in_o the_o petition_n of_o grievance_n give_v to_o king_n e._n 1._o by_o the_o people_n in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n upon_o which_o petition_n the_o statute_n be_v make_v that_o they_o find_v themselves_o not_o grieve_v in_o point_n of_o right_n but_o in_o point_n of_o excess_n the_o word_n be_v communitas_fw-la sentit_fw-la se_fw-la gravatam_fw-la de_fw-fr vectigali_fw-la lanarum_fw-la quod_fw-la nimis_fw-la est_fw-la onerosum_fw-la viz._n de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la sacco_n 40_o s._n &_o de_fw-fr lanâ_fw-la fractâ_fw-la septem_fw-la marcas_fw-la so_o they_o express_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o grief_n that_o it_o be_v too_o heavy_a which_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o point_n of_o excess_n not_o of_o right_a to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o if_o the_o word_n have_v be_v quia_fw-la est_fw-la nimis_fw-la onerosum_fw-la this_o construction_n may_v have_v be_v make_v out_o of_o they_o because_o the_o word_n quia_fw-la have_v induce_v a_o declaration_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o which_o be_v former_o affirm_v but_o the_o word_n be_v quod_fw-la nimis_fw-la onerosum_fw-la which_o do_v only_o positive_o affirm_v that_o the_o imposition_n 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how_o the_o money_n shall_v be_v bestow_v as_o towards_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o sea_n protection_n of_o traffic_n or_o some_o such_o other_o public_a cause_n sometime_o special_a sequestrator_n make_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n by_o who_o hand_n the_o money_n shall_v be_v deliver_v as_o 5._o r._n 2._o cap._n 3._o in_o a_o print_a statute_n 12._o 5._o r._n 2._o rot._n par._n 7._o r._n 2._o n._n 13.10_o r._n 2._o n._n 12.7_o r._n 2._o n._n 12._o the_o rate_n that_o be_v give_v be_v very_o variable_a sometime_o 2_o s._n tonnage_n and_o 6_o d._n poundage_n as_o 7._o r._n 2._o 3_o s._n tonnage_n and_o 12_o do_v poundage_n 10._o r._n 2._o which_o grant_n be_v not_o to_o endure_v the_o long_a of_o they_o above_o a_o year_n 18_o d._n tonnage_n 6_o d._n poundage_n in_o 17._o r._n 2._o 3_o s._n tonnage_n and_o 12_o d._n poundage_n grant_v to_o h._n 4._o in_o the_o thirteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n in_o which_o statute_n there_o be_v this_o clause_n that_o this_o aid_n in_o time_n to_o come_v shall_v not_o be_v take_v for_o a_o example_n to_o charge_v the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o manner_n of_o subsidy_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o and_o that_o by_o a_o new_a grant_n to_o be_v make_v in_o full_a parliament_n in_o time_n to_o come_v this_o clause_n in_o good_a and_o proper_a construction_n may_v be_v take_v to_o be_v a_o very_a convention_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n in_o parliament_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o from_o thenceforh_fw-mi nor_o any_o of_o his_o successor_n set_v on_o imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n the_o like_a imposition_n be_v grant_v to_o h._n 5._o 17._o rot._n par._n 1._o h._n 5._o n._n 17._o in_o the_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n for_o a_o short_a time_n towards_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o safeguard_n of_o the_o sea_n upon_o condition_n express_v in_o the_o act_n that_o the_o merchant_n denizen_n and_o stranger_n come_v into_o the_o realm_n with_o their_o merchandize_n shall_v be_v well_o and_o honest_o use_v and_o handle_v pay_v the_o say_a subsidy_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o father_n and_o his_o noble_a progenitor_n king_n of_o england_n without_o oppression_n or_o extortion_n in_o the_o end_n of_o which_o act_n the_o commons_o protest_v be_v bind_v by_o any_o grant_n in_o time_n to_o come_v for_o the_o purpose_n aforesaid_a h._n 6._o in_o the_o one_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n 33._o rot._n par._n 31._o h._n 6.12_o e._n 4._o c._n 3.6_o h._n 8._o c._n 12.1_o e._n 6._o c._n 13.1_o mar._n c._n 18.1_o eliz._n c._n 19.1_o jac._n c._n 33._o have_v tonnage_n and_o pound_n age_n give_v he_o for_o his_o life_n e._n 4._o have_v it_o give_v he_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o a_o statute_n 12._o e_o 4._o cap._n 3._o h._n 8._o in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o all_o since_o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o their_o reign_n have_v have_v it_o give_v they_o for_o term_n of_o their_o life_n and_o be_v now_o so_o certain_o settle_v do_v reach_v further_o at_o that_o from_o which_o they_o be_v in_o conscience_n and_o honour_n exclude_v by_o this_o voluntary_a gratification_n for_o can_v any_o man_n give_v i_o a_o reason_n why_o the_o people_n shall_v give_v this_o imposition_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n above_o the_o due_a custom_n upon_o all_o commodity_n if_o the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n may_v set_v on_o imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n and_o be_v not_o that_o a_o weak_a action_n in_o a_o king_n to_o take_v that_o of_o his_o people_n as_o a_o benevolence_n from_o they_o with_o limitation_n of_o the_o same_o and_o in_o what_o it_o shall_v be_v employ_v and_o how_o they_o will_v be_v use_v for_o it_o and_o for_o what_o time_n he_o shall_v have_v it_o which_o he_o may_v just_o take_v without_o their_o consent_n unclogged_a of_o these_o unpleasing_a encumbrance_n the_o statute_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n make_v in_o our_o time_n that_o be_v altogether_o incline_v to_o flattery_n do_v yet_o retain_v in_o they_o certain_a show_n and_o rumour_n of_o those_o ancient_a liberty_n although_o indeed_o the_o substance_n be_v lose_v 33._o 1._o jac._n c._n 33._o as_o in_o the_o statute_n 1._o jac._n cap_n 32._o we_o declare_v that_o we_o trust_v and_o have_v sure_a confidence_n of_o his_o majesty_n good_a will_n towards_o we_o in_o and_o for_o the_o keep_n and_o sure_o defend_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o it_o will_v please_v his_o highness_n that_o all_o merchant_n as_o well_o denizen_n as_o stranger_n come_v into_o this_o realm_n be_v well_o and_o honest_o entreat_v and_o demean_v for_o such_o thing_n whereof_o subsidy_n be_v grant_v as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o king_n progenitor_n and_o predecessor_n without_o oppression_n to_o they_o to_o be_v do_v by_o this_o clause_n as_o it_o now_o continue_v the_o true_a intent_n of_o this_o statute_n appear_v to_o be_v that_o there_o ought_v not_o other_o imposition_n to_o be_v lay_v upon_o merchant_n beside_o these_o give_v by_o this_o statute_n and_o this_o intention_n have_v be_v well_o interpret_v by_o use_n and_o practice_n from_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 3._o to_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n mary_n as_o before_o be_v declare_v thus_o much_o of_o this_o last_o reason_n make_v from_o observation_n and_o the_o action_n of_o our_o nation_n i_o will_v answer_v now_o such_o main_a objection_n as_o have_v be_v make_v against_o the_o people_n right_a and_o have_v not_o be_v touch_v by_o i_o obiter_fw-la in_o my_o passage_n through_o this_o discourse_n that_o which_o have_v be_v most_o insist_v upon_o be_v this_o that_o the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n royal_a have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o havens_n and_o port_n of_o this_o island_n be_v the_o very_a gate_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o he_o in_o his_o royal_a function_n and_o office_n be_v only_o trust_v with_o the_o key_n of_o these_o gate_n that_o he_o alone_o have_v power_n to_o shut_v they_o and_o to_o open_v they_o when_o and_o to_o who_o he_o in_o his_o princely_a wisdom_n shall_v see_v good_a that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n he_o may_v restrain_v the_o person_n of_o any_o from_o go_v out_o of_o the_o land_n or_o from_o come_v into_o it_o that_o he_o may_v of_o his_o own_o power_n and_o discretion_n prohibit_v exportation_n and_o importation_n of_o good_n and_o merchandize_n and_o out_o of_o his_o prerogative_n and_o pre-eminence_n the_o power_n of_o impose_v as_o be_v derivative_a do_v arise_v and_o result_v for_o cui_fw-la quod_fw-la majus_fw-la est_fw-la licet_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la minus_fw-la licitum_fw-la est_fw-la so_o their_o reason_n brief_o be_v
but_o the_o matter_n so_o depend_v in_o the_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n a_o writ_n come_v out_o of_o the_o parliament_n and_o do_v adjourn_v it_o thither_o again_o where_o it_o give_v occasion_n of_o a_o good_a law_n to_o be_v make_v to_o prevent_v the_o like_a grant_n and_o to_o make_v they_o void_a notwithstanding_o any_o judgement_n give_v upon_o they_o and_o to_o make_v such_o judgement_n also_o void_a the_o statute_n be_v 9_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o and_o in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n 2._o 9_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o every_o alien_a and_o denizen_n may_v carry_v his_o merchandise_n where_o it_o please_v he_o notwithstanding_o any_o charter_n grant_v or_o judgement_n thereupon_o 16_o &_o 17._o r._n 2._o 2_o h._n 4._o num_fw-la 109._o we_o find_v a_o notable_a record_n which_o give_v warrant_n for_o the_o proceed_n in_o parliament_n in_o this_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v in_o this_o case_n notwithstanding_o the_o judgement_n in_o the_o exchequer_n and_o declare_v to_o the_o kingdom_n that_o notwithstanding_o the_o great_a wonder_n make_v by_o some_o man_n nothing_o have_v be_v do_v in_o this_o business_n by_o those_o that_o serve_v in_o the_o parliament_n but_o in_o imitation_n of_o their_o worthy_a predecessor_n in_o the_o like_a case_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o h._n 4._o the_o commons_o show_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o r._n 2._o by_o the_o mean_n of_o john_n waltham_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n treasurer_n of_o england_n wrongful_o without_o authority_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o judgemet_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer_n 16_o &_o 17._o r._n 2._o by_o the_o baron_n there_o against_o certain_a merchant_n of_o bristol_n and_o other_o place_n passage_n have_v be_v take_v for_o wine_n otherwise_o then_o in_o ancient_a time_n have_v be_v and_o therefore_o they_o pray_v they_o may_v pay_v their_o prize_n wine_n in_o the_o manner_n they_o have_v use_v to_o pay_v notwithstanding_o any_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer_n or_o other_o ordinance_n make_v by_o the_o say_a treasurer_n contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_a usage_n which_o petition_v the_o king_n grant_v and_o the_o judgement_n thereupon_o become_v void_a and_o the_o prisage_n wine_n have_v be_v pay_v contrary_a to_o the_o judgement_n ever_o since_o in_o 1._o el._n dier_n 165._o upon_o the_o complaint_n 265._o 1._o el._n dier_n 265._o make_v by_o the_o merchant_n of_o the_o imposition_n set_v upon_o cloth_n by_o queen_n mary_n by_o her_o absolute_a power_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n the_o cause_n be_v think_v too_o weighty_a to_o be_v decide_v in_o any_o one_o court_n but_o as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o book_n it_o be_v refer_v to_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n who_o divers_a time_n have_v conference_n about_o it_o so_o it_o may_v well_o be_v there_o be_v nothing_o against_o it_o in_o our_o year_n book_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o it_o another_o objection_n be_v this_o which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o last_o argument_n viz._n that_o custom_n be_v original_o due_a by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n it_o can_v then_o have_v no_o other_o ground_n or_o cause_n but_o mere_o by_o the_o king_n royal_a prerogative_n as_o a_o right_n and_o duty_n original_o belong_v to_o his_o crown_n which_o if_o it_o be_v it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v he_o may_v impose_v for_o that_o be_v but_o the_o exercise_v of_o that_o right_n to_o prove_v this_o be_v allege_v the_o case_n 39_o e._n 3.13_o by_o which_o case_n it_o appear_v 3.13_o 39_o e._n 3.13_o that_o king_n john_n have_v a_o custom_n of_o eight_o penny_n on_o a_o tun_n of_o wine_n in_o the_o port_n of_o southampton_n but_o the_o book_n do_v not_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o king_n have_v it_o by_o prerogative_n and_o he_o may_v have_v it_o as_o well_o otherwise_o as_o by_o prescription_n or_o convention_n which_o shall_v rather_o be_v intend_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o the_o sum_n pay_v for_o if_o it_o be_v by_o prerogative_n he_o may_v take_v sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o at_o his_o will_n the_o right_a be_v indefinite_a and_o the_o quantity_n limit_v only_o by_o his_o own_o discretion_n a_o common_a person_n may_v have_v such_o a_o custom_n certain_a as_o 18._o el._n dier_n 352._o the_o mayor_n of_o london_n have_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o salt_n bring_v into_o the_o city_n by_o alien_n 352_o 18_o el._n dier_n 352_o which_o be_v a_o great_a imposition_n but_o be_v good_a by_o prescription_n original_o and_o that_o receive_v great_a strength_n since_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o liberty_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n so_o it_o appear_v that_o john_n of_o britain_n have_v custom_n of_o the_o ship_n that_o arrive_v at_o his_o port_n of_o little_a yarmouth_n 43._o dier_n 43._o worth_a twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o these_o instance_n do_v inefer_v that_o a_o custom_n may_v be_v otherwise_o then_o by_o prerogative_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o good_a argument_n to_o conclude_v the_o king_n have_v such_o a_o custom_n therefore_o he_o have_v it_o by_o prerogative_n the_o book_n in_o 30._o h._n 8._o dier_n 43._o 43._o 30_o hen._n 8._o dier_n 43._o be_v much_o press_v on_o this_o point_n which_o say_v that_o custom_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n at_o common_a law_n and_o do_v instance_n in_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n begin_v at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o abridge_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 14_o e._n 3._o ca._n 21._o stat_fw-la 1._o stat_fw-la 14_o ed._n 3._o c._n 21._o stat_fw-la but_o this_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o great_a error_n and_o mistake_v in_o the_o book_n for_o we_o do_v find_v that_o that_o custom_n of_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n be_v begin_v by_o a_o grant_n in_o parliament_n as_o appear_v in_o statute_n 15_o e._n 1._o cap._n 7._o the_o word_n be_v grant_v to_o we_o by_o the_o commonalty_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o last_o mention_n before_o be_v that_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v to_o the_o bishop_n earls_z baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o land_n etc._n etc._n novemb_n 3._o ed._n 1._o the_o king_n recite_v in_o his_o letter_n patent_n that_o prelati_fw-la magnates_fw-la ac_fw-la tota_fw-la communitas_fw-la mercatorum_fw-la regni_fw-la grant_v this_o new_a custom_n and_o so_o the_o ground_n and_o motive_n of_o that_o opinion_n be_v false_a all_o ground_a upon_o that_o must_v needs_o be_v erroneous_a it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o king_n hold_v at_o this_o day_n the_o increase_n of_o four_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n over_o due_a custom_n pay_v by_o merchant_n alien_n according_a to_o the_o purport_n of_o the_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la 31_o e._n 1._o by_o mere_a right_n of_o prerogative_n at_o the_o common_a law_n turri_n rot._n char_n 31._o e._n 1._o num_fw-la 42._o in_o turri_n for_o by_o that_o grant_n of_o the_o merchant_n he_o can_v hold_v it_o they_o be_v no_o body_n politic_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n and_o therefore_o the_o grant_n be_v mere_o void_a to_o bind_v in_o succession_n and_o yet_o the_o merchant_n alien_n do_v pay_v it_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n a_o contract_n with_o a_o number_n not_o incorporate_v bind_v not_o succession_n but_o we_o must_v take_v notice_n that_o they_o by_o who_o that_o grant_n be_v make_v of_o the_o augmentation_n of_o custom_n by_o three_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n and_o other_o increase_v 31._o e._n 1._o be_v merchant_n alien_n who_o by_o the_o law_n of_o merchant_n and_o nation_n may_v contract_v to_o bind_v their_o successor_n in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n for_o their_o contract_n be_v not_o rule_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n &_o per_fw-la legem_fw-la mercatoriam_fw-la as_o the_o book_n case_n be_v 3._o ed._n 4.10_o and_o there_o be_v a_o good_a consideration_n give_v they_o by_o the_o king_n for_o this_o increase_n of_o custom_n as_o discharge_v of_o prize_n wine_n for_o two_o shilling_n the_o tun_n and_o other_o immunity_n which_o all_o merchant_n alien_n hold_v and_o enjoy_v at_o this_o day_n by_o force_n of_o that_o contract_n make_v 21_o e._n 1._o for_o a_o stranger_n pai_v now_o but_o two_o shilling_n the_o tun_n for_o prisage_n whereas_o it_o stand_v a_o englishman_n in_o much_o more_o so_o as_o the_o rule_n of_o commutative_a justice_n make_v the_o contract_n available_a to_o the_o king_n against_o the_o merchant_n because_o he_o part_v with_o part_n of_o his_o prisage_n to_o the_o merchant_n and_o make_v it_o available_a to_o the_o merchant_n against_o the_o king_n because_o he_o give_v he_o increase_v of_o custom_n above_o that_o be_v due_a by_o law_n but_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o e._n 3._o cap._n 26._o heretofore_o cite_v do_v make_v this_o point_n clear_a without_o scruple_n 26._o 27_o e._n
3._o cap._n 26._o which_o confirm_v the_o charter_n of_o 31._o e._n 1._o entire_o and_o by_o that_o the_o increase_n of_o custom_n by_o three_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n which_o be_v by_o name_n mention_v in_o the_o statute_n be_v now_o due_a by_o act_n of_o parliament_n if_o you_o will_v have_v the_o king_n hold_v this_o increase_n of_o custom_n by_o prerogative_n you_o go_v direct_o against_o his_o meaning_n for_o it_o appear_v by_o that_o which_o present_o follow_v this_o grant_n that_o the_o king_n take_v this_o increase_n of_o custom_n by_o way_n of_o contract_n only_o and_o not_o by_o way_n of_o prerogative_n for_o the_o same_o year_n follow_v he_o direct_v his_o writ_n to_o the_o officer_n of_o his_o port_n recite_v the_o contract_n make_v with_o the_o alien_n by_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la add_v further_a that_o some_o denizen_n be_v willing_a to_o pay_v the_o like_a custom_n upon_o the_o same_o immunity_n to_o they_o to_o be_v grant_v and_o cloth_n assign_v his_o officer_n to_o gather_v it_o but_o with_o this_o clause_n si_fw-mi gratanter_fw-la &_o absque_fw-la coertionâ—_n solvere_fw-la voluerint_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la aliquem_fw-la mercatorem_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la &_o potestate_fw-la nostrâ_fw-la ad_fw-la prastationes_fw-la &_o custumas_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la invite_v solvendas_fw-la nullatenùs_fw-la distringatis_fw-la nothing_o can_v more_o plain_o express_v that_o the_o king_n intention_n be_v not_o to_o demand_v this_o by_o way_n of_o prerogative_n but_o by_o force_n of_o the_o contract_n if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o prerogative_n in_o the_o crown_n as_o of_o right_a to_o have_v custom_n how_o come_v it_o to_o pass_v this_o prerogative_n never_o yet_o have_v fruit_n or_o effect_n for_o this_o i_o can_v maintain_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v not_o one_o penny_n custom_n or_o imposition_n upon_o merchandize_n elder_a than_o the_o four_o year_n of_o queen_n mary_n that_o he_o hold_v not_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o the_o people_n grant_n the_o elder_a that_o he_o have_v be_v that_o of_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n and_o that_o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o statute_n 25_o e._n 1._o cap._n 7._o the_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n by_o parliament_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o every_o king_n reign_n 7._o 25_o e._n 1._o cap._n 7._o the_o alien_n increase_v of_o custom_n by_o parliament_n 27_o e._n 3_o cap._n 26._o 26._o 27._o e._n 3._o cap_n 26._o then_o this_o prerogative_n have_v be_v much_o neglect_v that_o it_o be_v never_o call_v on_o to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n until_o now_o of_o late_a year_n concern_v the_o statute_n make_v for_o restrain_v our_o king_n 3_o statute_n 3_o from_o the_o exercise_n of_o this_o pretend_a prerogative_n which_o be_v the_o three_o matter_n i_o stand_v upon_o those_o that_o have_v maintain_v the_o king_n prerogative_n in_o this_o point_n have_v endeavour_v to_o interpret_v those_o statute_n to_o extend_v only_o to_o restrain_v he_o from_o impose_v upon_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n which_o be_v staple_n commodity_n and_o the_o reason_n they_o give_v for_o this_o restraint_n more_o than_o for_o other_o good_n be_v because_o the_o king_n by_o statute_n be_v restrain_v to_o a_o custom_n certain_a for_o those_o commodity_n as_o the_o half_a mark_v a_o sack_n of_o wool_n and_o half_a a_o mark_n three_o hundred_o wooll-fells_a and_o thirteen_o shilling_n four_o penny_n a_o last_o of_o leather_n and_o therefore_o great_a reason_n he_o shall_v not_o exceed_v this_o custom_n in_o these_o commodity_n this_o objection_n receive_v many_o answer_n first_o it_o appear_v both_o by_o the_o express_a letter_n of_o divers_a of_o the_o law_n make_v in_o this_o point_n by_o the_o occasion_n that_o induce_v the_o make_n of_o the_o law_n and_o by_o the_o execution_n of_o they_o that_o all_o other_o ware_n and_o merchandise_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o staple_n be_v within_o the_o purpose_n and_o intent_n of_o those_o law_n second_o the_o reason_n allege_v why_o there_o shall_v be_v restraint_n for_o the_o staple_n commodity_n rather_o than_o for_o the_o other_o be_v mistake_v for_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o do_v grant_v to_o e._n 1._o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o custom_n of_o the_o half_a mark_n for_o wool_n woollfel_n and_o leather_n which_o be_v matter_n of_o mere_a grace_n and_o liberality_n and_o include_v no_o restraint_n in_o it_o but_o rather_o a_o favourable_a extension_n quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o objection_n according_a to_o that_o rule_n of_o interpretation_n gratiosa_fw-la ampliari_fw-la decet_fw-la odiosa_fw-la restringi_fw-la and_o admit_v some_o law_n be_v make_v express_o to_o restrain_v imposition_n upon_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o occasion_n of_o make_v such_o law_n be_v the_o actual_a impose_v upon_o those_o good_n at_o that_o time_n shall_v we_o not_o by_o good_a construction_n secundum_fw-la mentem_fw-la extensivam_fw-la legis_fw-la extend_v this_o law_n to_o other_o ware_n and_o merchandize_n that_o be_v within_o the_o same_o mischief_n if_o we_o look_v to_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n we_o shall_v make_v no_o doubt_n of_o it_o for_o that_o be_v because_o the_o imposition_n be_v without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n not_o because_o they_o be_v upon_o such_o and_o such_o commodity_n beside_o those_o law_n so_o make_v be_v declarativae_fw-la juris_fw-la antiqui_fw-la non_fw-la introductivae_fw-la novi_fw-la in_o the_o enumeration_n of_o those_o statute_n which_o i_o conceive_v make_v direct_o to_o this_o purpose_n i_o will_v endeavour_v rather_o to_o answer_v the_o objection_n make_v against_o they_o then_o to_o enforce_v the_o sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o they_o which_o be_v very_o plain_a and_o open_a and_o needs_o no_o interpretation_n the_o first_o statute_n enforce_v be_v mag._n charta_fw-la cap_n 30._o make_v in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o h._n 3._o by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o merchant_n shall_v have_v free_a egress_n and_o regress_n out_o of_o and_o into_o this_o realm_n with_o their_o good_n and_o merchandize_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v sine_fw-la omnibus_fw-la malis_fw-la tolnetis_fw-gr per_fw-la antiquas_fw-la &_o rectas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la in_o which_o word_n we_o may_v infer_v that_o both_o the_o use_n and_o right_n of_o impose_v be_v absolute_o exclude_v and_o debar_v for_o consuetudo_fw-la which_o in_o this_o case_n be_v to_o be_v take_v for_o usage_n which_o be_v mos_fw-la not_o improper_o for_o porterium_fw-la a_o duty_n pay_v in_o money_n as_o our_o english_a word_n custom_n in_o one_o sense_n do_v signify_v impli_v a_o beginning_n and_o continuance_n by_o consent_n and_o will_v of_o the_o party_n not_o by_o power_n and_o enforcement_n which_o can_v be_v a_o custom_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v a_o imposition_n for_o that_o arise_v mere_o out_o of_o the_o will_n and_o power_n of_o their_o imposer_n and_o be_v against_o the_o will_n of_o he_o upon_o who_o good_n it_o be_v set_v but_o take_v consuetudo_fw-la either_o for_o mos_n or_o portorium_n the_o epithet_n with_o which_o it_o be_v qualify_v antiquum_fw-la and_o rectum_fw-la do_v describe_v it_o to_o be_v of_o that_o nature_n that_o it_o can_v be_v a_o imposition_n for_o antiquum_fw-la in_o legal_a construction_n be_v that_o which_o be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n that_o be_v not_o a_o imposition_n for_o then_o by_o continuance_n of_o time_n it_o shall_v grow_v a_o right_a by_o prescription_n and_o be_v justifiable_a rectum_fw-la impli_v a_o limit_a right_n which_o infer_v there_o may_v be_v a_o wrong_n and_o exceed_v of_o that_o right_n which_o be_v not_o in_o imposition_n for_o if_o there_o be_v a_o right_a in_o the_o king_n to_o impose_v the_o quantity_n time_n and_o other_o circumstance_n be_v in_o his_o discretion_n the_o right_n be_v illimited_a and_o if_o he_o set_v on_o never_o so_o great_a a_o imposition_n there_o be_v as_o much_o right_n in_o it_o as_o if_o it_o be_v never_o so_o small_a the_o excess_n make_v it_o a_o burden_n but_o not_o a_o wrong_n we_o may_v further_o observe_v that_o in_o the_o statute_n malum_fw-la tolnetum_fw-la which_o be_v evil_a toll_n be_v set_v down_o by_o way_n of_o antithesis_fw-la to_o antiqua_fw-la and_o recta_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la by_o which_o be_v infer_v that_o exaction_n upon_o ware_n and_o merchandize_n not_o qualify_v with_o these_o two_o property_n of_o antiquum_fw-la and_o rectum_fw-la be_v evil_a and_o unjust_a this_o be_v make_v more_o evident_a by_o a_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n of_o the_o sixteenth_o year_n of_o h._n 3._o which_o be_v a_o mandate_n send_v by_o the_o king_n to_o the_o customer_n of_o his_o port_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o this_o law_n make_v in_o 9_o h._n 3._o whereby_o it_o be_v command_v maâ—_n rot._n clauâ—_n 16._o h._n 3â—_n maâ—_n quod_fw-la omnibus_fw-la mercatoribus_fw-la in_o portum_fw-la suum_fw-la venientibus_fw-la cum_fw-la vinis_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la
ever_o claim_v or_o so_o much_o as_o ever_o name_v his_o right_n or_o prerogative_n which_o no_o doubt_n will_v have_v be_v do_v if_o it_o have_v be_v think_v due_a but_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o the_o complaint_n by_o one_o of_o these_o three_o way_n either_o by_o discharge_v they_o quite_o and_o make_v some_o good_a law_n against_o they_o second_o by_o entreat_v the_o people_n to_o hold_v they_o some_o short_a time_n by_o their_o favour_n three_o by_o wave_v his_o present_a possession_n and_o take_v that_o of_o their_o gift_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o a_o aid_n which_o he_o have_v set_v on_o by_o his_o absolute_a power_n as_o a_o imposition_n instance_n of_o the_o first_o 25._o e_o 1._o 7._o 25._o e._n 1._o ca._n 7._o the_o imposition_n of_o wool_n take_v off_o and_o a_o law_n make_v against_o it_o 26._o rot._n parl_n 38._o e._n 3._o n._n 26._o and_o the_o king_n undertake_v for_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n to_o do_v so_o no_o more_o 2._o 38._o e._n 3._o cap._n 2._o 38_o e._n 3._o 26._o the_o imposition_n of_o three_o shilling_n four_o penny_n on_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n put_v off_o upon_o complaint_n 4._o 45._o e._n 3._o cap._n 4._o and_o a_o law_n make_v against_o it_o r._n 18._o e._n 3._o cap._n 10._o 11._o r._n 38_o e._n 3._o ca._n 2._o the_o like_a statute_n 45_o ε._n 3._o c._n 4._o upon_o a_o come_v plaint_n of_o a_o imposition_n on_o wool_n make_v in_o parliament_n 1_o 18._o e._n 3._o cap._n 3._o l._n 1_o 45._o e._n 3._o n._n 42._o rot._n parl._n instance_n of_o the_o second_o 21._o e._n 3._o nu_fw-la 11_o a_o petition_n upon_o a_o imposition_n of_o 2._o s._n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o weol_n parl._n 21._o e._n 3._o n._n 11._o r._n parl._n 2._o s_o upon_o a_o ton_n of_o wine_n parl._n 25._o e._n 3._o n._n 22._o rot_n parl._n and_o fix_v penny_n upon_o aver_v de_fw-mi pois_fw-mi all_o discharge_v present_o save_v the_o two_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n and_o for_o that_o entreat_v that_o it_o may_v stay_v till_o easter_n follow_v and_o so_o it_o do_v and_o be_v then_o take_v away_o instance_n of_o the_o three_o 25_o e._n 3_o nu_fw-la 22_o the_o commons_o make_v petition_n against_o a_o imposition_n of_o forty_o shilling_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n grant_v to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o merthant_n show_v that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v bind_v by_o their_o act_n the_o king_n do_v not_o claim_v right_a or_o justice_n but_o because_o his_o war_n be_v great_a upon_o his_o request_n have_v it_o grant_v unto_o he_o for_o two_o year_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o pretend_v no_o title_n of_o prerogative_n neither_o be_v it_o ever_o speak_v of_o my_o three_o observation_n be_v that_o our_o king_n have_v acknowledge_v that_o it_o be_v not_o their_o right_n thes_n orig._n in_o scau_n 31._o e._n 1._o r._n thes_n e._n 1_o in_o his_o writ_n he_o send_v to_o the_o officer_n of_o his_o part_n to_o levy_v three_o penny_n on_o the_o pound_n over_o the_o old_a custom_n of_o the_o denizen_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o alien_n and_o to_o suffer_v the_o denizen_n to_o enjoy_v those_o privilege_n the_o alien_n do_v enjoy_v by_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o custom_n do_v give_v this_o direction_n express_o that_o they_o shall_v net_n cake_n it_o of_o denizen_n against_o their_o will_n the_o word_n of_o the_o record_n express_v it_o very_o full_o cum_fw-la mercatores_fw-la extranei_fw-la &_o alienigenae_fw-la pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la eye_n per_fw-la nos_fw-la concessis_fw-la &_o priscis_fw-la nostris_fw-la quibuscunque_fw-la remissis_fw-la nobis_fw-la de_fw-la bonis_fw-la &_o merchandisis_fw-la suis_fw-la quibuscunque_fw-la infra_fw-la regnum_fw-la &_o potestatem_fw-la nostram_fw-la adducend_fw-la ulira_fw-la antiquas_fw-la custumus_fw-la dare_v concesserint_fw-la praestationes_fw-la &_o custumas_fw-la subscriptas_fw-la viz_o and_o so_o set_v down_o the_o increase_v and_o among_o the_o rest_n this_o three_o penny_n upon_o the_o pound_n and_o so_o proceed_v ac_fw-la quidam_fw-la mercatores_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la &_o potestate_fw-la nostra_fw-la ut_fw-la ipsis_fw-la dictis_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la &_o immunitatibus_fw-la uti_fw-la &_o gaudere_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la de_fw-la prisis_fw-la nostris_fw-la quieti_fw-la esse_fw-la possint_fw-la praestationes_fw-la &_o custumas_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la de_fw-la bonis_fw-la &_o merchandisis_fw-la suis_fw-la nobis_fw-la solvere_fw-la velint_fw-la ut_fw-la accepimus_fw-la assignavimus_fw-la vos_fw-la etc._n etc._n ad_fw-la custumas_fw-la &_o praestationis_fw-la praedictas_fw-la de_fw-la mercatoribus_fw-la de_fw-fr regno_fw-la &_o potestate_fw-la nostra_fw-la colligend_n qui_fw-la eas_fw-la gratanter_fw-la &_o sine_fw-la coercione_fw-la solvere_fw-la voluerint_fw-la ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la aliquem_fw-la mercatorem_fw-la de_fw-la dicto_fw-la regno_fw-la &_o potestate_fw-la nostra_fw-la ad_fw-la praestationes_fw-la &_o custumas_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la nobis_fw-la invito_fw-la solvend_fw-mi nallatenus_fw-la distringatis_fw-la sure_o if_o e._n i._n have_v claim_v the_o prerogative_n of_o impose_v he_o will_v never_o have_v give_v these_o caution_n in_o the_o require_v of_o that_o which_o he_o have_v take_v to_o be_v his_o due_n as_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o exact_v it_o of_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n that_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o pay_v it_o nor_o trouble_n nor_o distrain_v they_o for_o it_o in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o e._n 3._o we_o find_v the_o record_n of_o certain_a letter_n write_v from_o the_o king_n be_v then_o at_o barwick_n in_o the_o stottish_a war_n turr_v rot._n alem._n 12._o e._n 3._o dorm_n 21._o in_o turr_v unto_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n in_o which_o letter_n the_o king_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o great_a confidence_n in_o the_o devotion_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o therefore_o earnest_o intreat_v he_o to_o further_a his_o enterprise_n with_o his_o prayer_n to_o god_n and_o then_o add_v further_o ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la pater_fw-la cum_fw-la populus_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la variis_fw-la oneribus_fw-la tallagiis_fw-la &_o impositionibus_fw-la bactenus_fw-la praegravetur_fw-la quod_fw-la dolenter_fw-la referimus_fw-la sed_fw-la inevitabili_fw-la necessitate_v compulsi_fw-la de_fw-la eisdem_fw-la oneribus_fw-la ipsum_fw-la aahus_fw-la relevare_fw-la non_fw-la valemus_fw-la dictum_fw-la populum_fw-la ut_fw-la tantam_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la nostram_fw-la humiliter_fw-la &_o benign_a patiatur_fw-la &_o caritative_a sustineat_fw-la &_o priorem_fw-la quam_fw-la penes_fw-la nos_fw-la concepit_fw-la de_fw-la cetere_fw-la instanter_fw-la in_o orationibus_fw-la &_o eleemosynis_fw-la suis_fw-la oneribus_fw-la praedict_v quae_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la vel_fw-la presumptione_n voluntaria_fw-la ipsum_fw-la gravant_fw-la non_fw-la obstantibus_fw-la exhibeant_fw-la caritatem_fw-la indulgentiam_fw-la muneribus_fw-la &_o aliis_fw-la modis_fw-la quibus_fw-la secundum_fw-la deum_fw-la videbitis_fw-la piis_fw-la exhortationibus_fw-la inducatis_fw-la &_o nos_fw-la peâ—es_fw-la eundem_fw-la excusetis_fw-la speramus_fw-la namque_fw-la per_fw-la dei_fw-la gratiam_fw-la cujus_fw-la manus_fw-la cunctis_fw-la indigentibus_fw-la sola_fw-la sufficiens_fw-la &_o largistua_n come_v probatur_fw-la beneficiis_fw-la compensatius_fw-la dictum_fw-la populum_fw-la visitare_fw-la &_o consolari_fw-la pro_fw-la loco_fw-la &_o tempore_fw-la opportunis_fw-la the_o principal_a thing_n i_o note_v out_o of_o this_o record_n upon_o the_o very_a point_n of_o this_o my_o three_o observation_n be_v that_o the_o king_n intend_v to_o excuse_v himself_o of_o the_o burden_n by_o he_o lay_v on_o the_o people_n and_o to_o avoid_v the_o blemish_n of_o wrong_n and_o injustice_n in_o say_v thereon_o say_v they_o be_v not_o onera_fw-la ex_fw-la presumtione_fw-la voluntaria_fw-la that_o be_v burden_n that_o he_o presume_v to_o lay_v on_o at_o his_o own_o will_n whereby_o he_o condemn_v imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v onera_fw-la ex_fw-la voluntate_fw-la regis_fw-la to_o proceed_v of_o presumption_n which_o do_v clear_o exclude_v claim_n of_o right_n and_o disprove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o the_o act._n but_o there_o be_v divers_a other_o notable_a passage_n in_o the_o record_n worthy_a our_o mark_v as_o out_o of_o the_o word_n praegravantur_fw-la use_v by_o the_o king_n we_o may_v gather_v he_o do_v account_v these_o imposition_n a_o grievous_a burden_n to_o his_o people_n which_o show_v his_o own_o pity_n of_o they_o he_o say_v further_a dolentes_fw-la râ—ferimus_fw-la show_v his_o grief_n and_o remorse_n at_o it_o &_o inevitabili_fw-la necessitate_v compulsi_fw-la he_o do_v it_o constrain_v by_o unavoidable_a necessity_n show_v he_o be_v force_v to_o it_o against_o his_o will_n by_o that_o which_o violate_v and_o break_v all_o law_n which_o infer_v he_o will_v not_o maintain_v his_o action_n by_o law_n adhuc_fw-la relevare_fw-la non_fw-la valemus_fw-la this_o insinuate_v he_o will_v ease_v they_o in_o good_a time_n caritatem_fw-la exhiberent_fw-la they_o shall_v afford_v he_o charity_n in_o the_o bear_n of_o they_o as_o if_o so_o be_v in_o point_n of_o justice_n or_o right_n they_o need_v not_o penes_fw-la eundem_fw-la excusetis_fw-la the_o bishop_n shall_v excuse_v he_o to_o the_o people_n by_o this_o he_o do_v clear_o leave_v the_o point_n of_o justification_n
to_o be_v ease_v of_o part_n because_o it_o be_v too_o great_a 36._o e._n 3._o nu_fw-la 26._o three_o shilling_n and_o four_o penny_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n 11._o ibid._n 38._o e._n 3_o n._n 26_o 21._o e._n 3._o n._n 11._o all_o take_v off_o and_o no_o excuse_n make_v for_o the_o smallness_n for_o 21_o e_o 3_o nu_fw-la 11_o two_o shilling_n a_o sack_n two_o shilling_n tonnage_n and_o six_o penny_n poundage_n 50_o e._n 3._o nu_fw-la 163._o 163._o r._n parl._n 25._o e._n 3._o nu_fw-la 163._o a_o great_a complaint_n be_v make_v in_o parliament_n by_o the_o commons_o that_o a_o imposition_n of_o a_o penny_n be_v set_v upon_o wool_n for_o tonage_n over_o and_o above_o the_o ancient_a due_n which_o be_v but_o a_o penny_n and_o so_o the_o subject_n be_v charge_v with_o two_o penny_n also_o that_o a_o penny_n be_v exact_v for_o mesonage_n which_o be_v but_o a_o half_a penny_n which_o imposition_n the_o record_n do_v express_v do_v amount_v to_o a_o hundred_o pound_n a_o year_n this_o petty_a imposition_n be_v as_o much_o stand_v upon_o in_o point_n of_o right_n as_o the_o other_o great_a one_o of_o forty_o shilling_n and_o be_v take_v off_o upon_o complaint_n in_o parliament_n without_o either_o justification_n or_o excuse_n for_o the_o smallness_n of_o it_o my_o six_o observation_n be_v that_o those_o which_o have_v advise_v the_o set_n on_o of_o imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n have_v be_v accuse_v in_o parliament_n forgive_a that_o advice_n as_o of_o a_o great_a offence_n in_o the_o state_n and_o have_v suffer_v sharp_a censure_n and_o great_a disgrace_n by_o it_o neither_o do_v i_o find_v that_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n have_v extenuate_v the_o blame_n as_o 50._o e._n 3_o william_n l._n latimer_n chamberlain_n to_o the_o king_n and_o one_o of_o his_o private_a council_n be_v accuse_v by_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n of_o divers_a deceit_n and_o extortion_n and_o misdeed_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n that_o he_o have_v procure_v to_o be_v set_v upon_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o other_o merchandize_n new_a imposition_n to_o wit_n upon_o a_o sack_n of_o wool_n eleven_o shilling_n which_o the_o l._n latimer_n seek_v to_o excuse_v because_o he_o have_v the_o consent_n and_o good_a like_n of_o the_o merchant_n first_o but_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o he_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v commit_v to_o prison_n be_v fine_v and_o ransom_v at_o the_o king_n will_v and_o be_v put_v from_o be_v of_o the_o council_n and_o this_o procure_n of_o imposition_n to_o be_v set_v on_o without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n be_v express_o set_v down_o in_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o judgement_n for_o one_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o censure_n richard_n lion_n a_o farmer_n of_o the_o custom_n in_o london_n the_o same_o year_n be_v accuse_v in_o parliament_n for_o the_o same_o offence_n 20._o rot._n par._n 50._o e._n 3._o n._n 17_o 18.19_o 20._o he_o plead_v he_o do_v it_o by_o the_o king_n command_n and_o have_v answer_v the_o money_n to_o the_o king_n chamber_n yet_o be_v condemn_v and_o adjudge_v in_o parliament_n to_o be_v commit_v to_o prison_n and_o all_o his_o land_n and_o good_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o at_o the_o last_o the_o hate_n against_o these_o author_n of_o imposition_n grow_v so_o that_o 50._o e._n 3._o in_o the_o same_o parliament_n a_o petition_n be_v exhibit_v in_o parliament_n to_o make_v this_o a_o capital_a offence_n the_o record_n be_v very_o short_a and_o therefore_o i_o will_v set_v it_o down_o verbatim_o item_n prie_fw-fr le_fw-fr dit_fw-fr common_a que_fw-fr soit_fw-fr ordain_v per_fw-mi statute_n en_fw-fr cest_fw-fr present_a parliament_n de_fw-fr tout_fw-fr ceux_fw-fr queux_fw-fr â—y_a en_fw-fr avant_fw-fr mittont_fw-fr ou_fw-fr font_n pur_fw-mi lour_v singular_a profit_n novel_n imposition_n per_n lour_v authority_n dâ—mesâ—n_o accrocheant_n all_o eux_fw-fr â—ny_n ul_a power_n de_fw-fr rien_fw-fr que_fw-fr soit_fw-fr establi_fw-fr en_fw-fr parliament_n sans_o assent_n de_fw-fr parliament_n que_fw-fr ils_fw-fr eyent_n judgement_n the_o viâ—_n &_o member_n &_o the_o forisfacture_n to_o this_o rough_a petition_n the_o king_n give_v a_o mild_a and_o temperate_a answer_n courre_o la_o common_a ley_fw-fr come_v estoit_fw-fr all_o avant_fw-fr use_n my_o seven_o observation_n be_v the_o cessation_n between_o 50._o e._n 3._o after_o this_o censure_n in_o parliament_n and_o 4._o mariae_fw-la almost_o two_o hundred_o year_n during_o which_o time_n no_o king_n do_v attempt_v to_o impose_v without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n and_o yet_o we_o find_v in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o of_o those_o king_n that_o reign_v in_o that_o time_n but_o have_v imposition_n grant_v he_o upon_o fit_a occasion_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n upon_o all_o good_n and_o merchandize_n and_o at_o divers_a time_n during_o their_o reign_n sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o upon_o the_o tun_n and_o pound_n but_o ever_o for_o a_o time_n certain_a and_o indefinite_a so_o the_o use_n of_o they_o be_v not_o give_v over_o but_o the_o power_n of_o impose_v be_v so_o clear_o and_o undoubted_o hold_v to_o be_v in_o the_o parliament_n as_o no_o king_n go_v about_o to_o practise_v the_o contrary_n but_o to_o this_o cessation_n that_o be_v of_o great_a weight_n and_o credit_n in_o our_o evidence_n a_o colour_n be_v give_v by_o the_o other_o side_n to_o avert_v the_o inference_n make_v upon_o it_o against_o the_o king_n right_a that_o be_v that_o during_o that_o time_n there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o revenue_n grow_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o double_a custom_n pay_v for_o all_o merchandize_n both_o in_o england_n and_o at_o calais_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v 8._o h_o 4._o which_o be_v that_o no_o good_n shall_v be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n but_o to_o calais_n and_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o merchant_n pay_v custom_n both_o there_o and_o here_o for_o the_o same_o good_n that_o in_o the_o seven_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o the_o custom_n of_o calais_n be_v 68000._o pound_n the_o year_n a_o great_a sum_n if_o you_o consider_v the_o weight_n of_o money_n then_o what_o price_n it_o bare_a and_o by_o reason_n hereof_o prince_n not_o delight_v to_o charge_v their_o murmur_a subject_n but_o when_o need_n be_v be_v so_o ample_o supply_v otherwise_o do_v not_o put_v that_o prerogative_n in_o practice_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o if_o that_o be_v true_a that_o be_v urge_v it_o may_v be_v some_o probable_a colour_n of_o the_o forbearance_n of_o impose_v but_o i_o find_v it_o quite_o contrary_a and_o that_o by_o record_n for_o there_o be_v no_o such_o restraint_n of_o all_o commodity_n not_o to_o be_v transport_v to_o any_o place_n but_o gallis_fw-la but_o only_a wool_n woolfells_a leather_n tinn_n and_o lead_v that_o be_v staple_n ware_n which_o by_o the_o statute_n 37_o e._n 3._o be_v to_o be_v transport_v thither_o and_o not_o to_o any_o other_o place_n and_o the_o staple_n continue_v at_o that_o place_n for_o the_o most_o part_n from_o that_o time_n until_o long_o after_o 27._o h._n 6._o but_o there_o be_v no_o double_a custom_n pay_v both_o here_o and_o there_o by_o the_o same_o owner_n callais_n at_o those_o time_n be_v so_o far_o short_a of_o that_o which_o have_v be_v allege_v in_o 27._o h._n 6._o that_o it_o appear_v in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n 27._o h._n 6._o cap._n 2_o print_v in_o the_o book_n at_o large_a 2._o 27._o h._n 6._o cap._n 2._o that_o the_o commons_o do_v complain_v that_o whereas_o in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 3._o the_o custom_n of_o callais_n be_v 68000_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la at_o that_o time_n which_o be_v 27._o h._n 6._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o ill_a usage_n of_o merchant_n it_o be_v fall_v to_o be_v but_o 12000_o pound_n the_o year_n so_o then_o there_o be_v great_a cause_n in_o that_o respect_n to_o have_v set_v on_o imposition_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o great_a abatement_n of_o custom_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o then_o offer_v to_o be_v do_v without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n but_o if_o you_o look_v a_o little_a further_o into_o the_o extreme_a necessity_n of_o those_o time_n you_o shall_v find_v there_o never_o be_v great_a cause_n to_o have_v strain_v prerogative_n for_o it_o appear_v in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n 28._o h._n 6._o that_o it_o be_v then_o declare_v in_o parliament_n by_o the_o chancellor_n and_o treasurer_n who_o demand_v relief_n of_o the_o people_n for_o the_o king_n both_o for_o payment_n of_o his_o debt_n and_o for_o his_o yearly_a livelioood_a that_o the_o king_n be_v then_o indebt_v 372000._o pound_n which_o now_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o money_n amount_v to_o above_o 1100000._o pound_n and_o that_o his_o ordinary_a expense_n be_v more_o than_o his_o yearly_a revenue_n by_o 19000._o pound_n
this_o the_o king_n may_v restrain_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o person_n and_o of_o the_o good_n therefore_o he_o may_v suffer_v they_o not_o to_o pass_v but_o sub_fw-la mode_n pay_v such_o a_o imposition_n for_o his_o sufferance_n as_o he_o shall_v set_v upon_o they_o for_o the_o ground_n and_o proposition_n lay_v in_o this_o objection_n i_o shall_v not_o be_v much_o against_o any_o one_o of_o they_o other_o of_o they_o must_v be_v qualify_v ere_o they_o be_v confess_v but_o the_o inference_n and_o argument_n make_v upon_o they_o i_o utter_o deny_v for_o in_o it_o there_o be_v mutatio_fw-la hypothesis_n and_o a_o transition_n from_o a_o thing_n of_o one_o nature_n to_o a_o thing_n of_o another_o as_o the_o premise_n be_v of_o a_o power_n in_o the_o king_n only_a fiduciary_n and_o in_o point_n of_o trust_n and_o government_n the_o conclusion_n infer_v a_o right_a of_o interest_n and_o gain_n admit_v the_o king_n have_v custodiam_fw-la portuum_fw-la yet_o he_o have_v but_o the_o custody_n which_o be_v trust_v and_o not_o dominium_fw-la utile_fw-la he_o have_v power_n to_o open_v and_o shut_v upon_o consideration_n of_o public_a good_a to_o the_o people_n and_o state_n but_o not_o to_o make_v gain_n and_o benefit_n by_o it_o the_o one_o be_v protection_n the_o other_o be_v expilation_n the_o port_n in_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v public_a publici_fw-la portus_n sunt_fw-la publici_fw-la free_a for_o all_o to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o yet_o for_o the_o common_a good_a this_o liberty_n be_v restrainable_a by_o the_o wisdom_n and_o policy_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o be_v put_v in_o trust_n to_o discern_v the_o time_n when_o this_o natural_a liberty_n shall_v be_v restrain_v 7.10_o 1_o h._n 7.10_o in_o 1._o h._n 7._o fol._n 10_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o florentine_n for_o their_o allome_n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hussey_n do_v write_v a_o case_n that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 4._o a_o legate_n from_o the_o pope_n be_v at_o calais_n to_o come_v into_o england_n it_o be_v resolve_v in_o full_a council_n as_o the_o book_n say_v before_o the_o lord_n and_o judge_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v licence_n to_o come_v into_o england_n unless_o he_o will_v take_v a_o oath_n at_o calais_n that_o he_o will_v bring_v nothing_o with_o he_o that_o shall_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n the_o king_n by_o the_o common_a law_n may_v send_v his_o writ_n ne_o exeas_fw-la regnum_fw-la to_o any_o subject_a of_o the_o realm_n but_o the_o surmise_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v quia_fw-la datum_fw-la est_fw-la nohis_fw-la intelligi_fw-la quod_fw-la tu_fw-la versus_fw-la part_n exteras_fw-la absque_fw-la licentia_fw-la nostra_fw-la clam_fw-la destinas_fw-la te_fw-la divertere_fw-la &_o quam_fw-la plurimâ—_n nobis_fw-la &_o coronae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la prejudicia_fw-la prosequi_fw-la fitzh_n n._n b._n 85._o b._n so_o in_o point_n of_o government_n â—b_fw-la fitzh_n n._n b_o 15_o â—b_fw-la and_o common_a good_a of_o the_o realm_n he_o may_v restrain_v the_o person_n but_o to_o conclude_v therefore_o he_o may_v take_v money_n not_o to_o restrain_v be_v to_o fell_a government_n trust_v and_o common_a justice_n and_o most_o unworthy_a the_o divine_a office_n of_o a_o king_n but_o let_v we_o compare_v this_o power_n of_o the_o king_n in_o foreign_a affair_n with_o the_o like_a power_n he_o have_v in_o domestic_a government_n there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o the_o king_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o gate_n of_o all_o the_o town_n and_o city_n in_o england_n as_o well_o as_o all_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n and_o upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o weal_n public_a may_v open_v and_o shut_v they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n as_o if_o the_o infection_n of_o the_o sickness_n be_v dangerous_a in_o place_n vicine_fw-la to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n the_o king_n may_v command_v that_o none_o from_o those_o place_n shall_v come_v into_o the_o city_n may_v he_o therefore_o set_v a_o imposition_n upon_o those_o that_o he_o suffer_v to_o come_v into_o the_o city_n so_o if_o by_o reason_n of_o infection_n he_o forbid_v the_o bring_n of_o ware_n and_o merchandize_n from_o some_o city_n or_o town_n in_o this_o kingdom_n to_o any_o great_a fare_n or_o mart_n shall_v he_o therefore_o restrain_v the_o bring_n of_o good_n thither_o unless_o money_n be_v give_v he_o by_o way_n of_o imposition_n the_o king_n in_o his_o discretion_n in_o point_n of_o equity_n and_o for_o qualify_a the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n may_v enjoin_v any_o of_o his_o subject_n by_o his_o chancellor_n from_o sue_v in_o his_o court_n of_o common_a law_n may_v he_o therefore_o make_v a_o benefit_n by_o restrain_v all_o from_o suit_n in_o his_o court_n unless_o they_o pay_v he_o a_o imposition_n upon_o their_o suit_n in_o 2._o e._n 3._o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o richmond_n before-cited_n 3.7_o 2._o e._n 3.7_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v unto_o the_o man_n of_o great_a yarmouth_n that_o all_o the_o ship_n that_o arrive_v at_o the_o port_n of_o yarmouth_n which_o consist_v of_o three_o several_a port_n great_a yarmouth_n little_a yarmouth_n and_o gerneston_n shall_v arrive_v all_o at_o great_a yarmouth_n and_o at_o no_o other_o place_n within_o that_o port._n the_o lawfulness_n of_o this_o patent_n be_v in_o question_n in_o the_o king_n court_n it_o be_v reason_v in_o the_o king_n behalf_n for_o the_o uphold_v of_o the_o grant_n as_o it_o be_v now_o that_o the_o king_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o port_n he_o may_v restrain_v merchant_n from_o land_v at_o all_o in_o his_o kingdom_n therefore_o out_o of_o the_o same_o power_n may_v appoint_v where_o and_o in_o what_o haven_n they_o shall_v land_n and_o no_o other_o this_o patent_n be_v demur_v on_o in_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o be_v grant_v against_o the_o law_n but_o the_o case_n depend_v be_v adjourn_v into_o parliament_n for_o the_o weight_n and_o consequence_n of_o it_o and_o there_o the_o patent_n be_v condemn_v and_o a_o law_n make_v against_o such_o and_o the_o like_a grant_n 1._o 9_o e._n 3._o cap._n 1._o the_o precedent_n that_o be_v vouch_v for_o maintenance_n of_o this_o power_n of_o restraint_n in_o the_o king_n be_v four_o produce_v almost_o in_o so_o many_o hundred_o year_n dor_n rot._n par._n 2._o e._n 1._o n._n 16._o rot._n fin_n 2._o e._n 1._o n._n 17._o ro._n clau_n 10._o e._n 3._o dor_n 31._o ro._n clau_n 17._o h._n 6._o in_o dor_n whereof_o two_o be_v in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o e._n 1._o one_o in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o e._n 3._o another_o in_o the_o seventeen_o year_n of_o h._n 6._o since_o which_o time_n we_o hear_v of_o none_o but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o they_o have_v be_v usual_o and_o regular_o before_o to_o these_o i_o will_v give_v answer_n out_o of_o themselves_o out_o of_o the_o common_a law_n out_o of_o divers_a statute_n and_o out_o of_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o restaint_n in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 1._o the_o one_o of_o they_o be_v to_o forbid_v the_o carry_n of_o wool_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n the_o other_o be_v to_o forbid_v all_o traffic_n with_o the_o fleming_n that_o of_o 10._o e._n 3._o be_v to_o restrain_v the_o exportation_n of_o ship-timber_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n that_o of_o 17._o h._n 6._o to_o prohibit_v traffic_n with_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n these_o precedent_n be_v rare_a yet_o they_o have_v in_o they_o inducement_n out_o of_o public_a respect_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o the_o rule_n of_o common_a law_n in_o this_o case_n i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v as_o the_o reverend_a judge_n sir_n anthony_n fitzherbert_n hold_v in_o his_o writ_n of_o ne_fw-la exeas_fw-la regnum_fw-la in_o nat._n br._n that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n any_o man_n may_v go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n 85._o fitzh_n n._n b._n 85._o but_o the_o king_n may_v upon_o cause_n touch_v the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n restrain_v any_o man_n from_o go_v by_o his_o writ_n or_o proclamation_n and_o if_o he_o then_o go_v it_o be_v a_o contempt_n this_o opinion_n of_o he_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o book_n 296._o dier_n 1._o el._n 165._o dier_n 13._o el._n 296._o eliz._n fol._n 165._o dier_n 12._o &_o 13._o eliz._n dier_n 296._o in_o like_a manner_n if_o a_o subject_a of_o england_n be_v beyond_o sea_n and_o the_o king_n send_v to_o he_o to_o repair_v home_o if_o he_o do_v it_o not_o his_o land_n and_o good_n shall_v be_v seize_v for_o the_o contempt_n and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr britain_n earl_n of_o richmond_n 19_o e._n 2._o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n into_o gascoigne_n on_o a_o message_n 2._o 19_o e._n 2._o and_o refuse_v to_o return_v for_o which_o contempt_n his_o good_n chattel_n land_n and_o tenement_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n the_o