effusion_n of_o britane_n blood_n when_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v at_o length_n come_v to_o a_o end_n in_o britain_n vortigern_n the_o britain_n give_v to_o the_o saxon_n who_o keep_v he_o prisoner_n for_o his_o ransom_n this_o country_n with_o other_o as_o ninnius_n write_v and_o it_o have_v his_o peculiar_a king_n for_o a_o long_a time_n together_o but_o such_o as_o hold_v by_o homage_n sometime_o of_o the_o kentish_a king_n sometime_o of_o the_o mercian_n among_o who_o sebert_n in_o the_o year_n 603._o be_v the_o first_o that_o become_v a_o christian_a and_o suthr_v the_o last_o king_n who_o be_v vanquish_v by_o egbert_n in_o the_o year_n 804._o leave_v the_o kingdom_n unto_o the_o westsaxon_n but_o hereof_o elsewhere_o more_o large_o now_o let_v we_o survey_v the_o very_a country_n middle_a sex_n olima_n trinobantibus_n habitata_fw-la midle-sex_n midle-sex_n take_v name_n of_o the_o middle-saxons_a because_o the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n between_o east-saxons_a westsaxon_n south-saxons_a and_o those_o who_o that_o age_n call_v mercian_n it_o be_v sever_v from_o buckingham-shire_n by_o the_o river_n cole_n which_o the_o britan_n call_v co_n on_o the_o westside_n from_o hertford-shire_n on_o the_o north-side_n by_o a_o know_a crooked_a limit_n from_o essex_n on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o river_n lea_n from_o surrey_n and_o kent_n on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o tamis_n it_o be_v comprise_v within_o short_a bound_n lie_v out_o in_o length_n where_o it_o be_v long_a twenty_n mile_n and_o in_o the_o narrow_a place_n it_o be_v scant_o twelve_o mile_n over_o for_o air_n pass_v temperate_a and_o for_o soil_v fertile_a with_o sumptuous_a house_n and_o pretty_a town_n on_o all_o side_n pleasant_o beautify_v and_o every_o where_o offer_v to_o the_o view_n many_o thing_n memorable_a by_o the_o river_n cole_n haresfield_n where_o it_o enter_v first_o into_o this_o shire_n we_o see_v breakespeare_n a_o ancient_a house_n belong_v to_o a_o family_n so_o surname_v out_o of_o which_o come_v pope_n hadrian_n the_o four_o of_o who_o erewhile_o i_o speak_v then_o haresfeld_n in_o old_a time_n herefelle_n the_o possession_n in_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n day_n of_o richard_n the_o fitz-gislebert_a uxbridge_n son_n of_o count_n gislebert_n more_o southward_o uxbridge_n ancient_o woxbridge_n a_o town_n of_o late_a time_n build_v and_o full_a of_o inn_n stretch_v out_o in_o length_n beneath_o which_o be_v draiton_n re-edify_v by_o the_o baron_n paget_n colham_n which_o from_o the_o baron_n le_fw-fr strange_a come_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o derby_n and_o stanwell_n ever_o since_o the_o norman_n come_v in_o unto_o our_o father_n day_n the_o habitation_n of_o the_o family_n of_o windesore_n and_o not_o far_o from_o hence_o cole_n after_o it_o have_v make_v certain_a scatter_a meadow_n island_n at_o two_o small_a mouth_n fall_v into_o tamis_n along_o the_o side_n whereof_o as_o a_o german_a poet_n in_o this_o our_o age_n pretty_o versify_v tot_o campos_fw-la sylvas_fw-la tot_fw-la regius_fw-la tecta_fw-la tot_fw-la hortos_fw-la artifici_fw-la dextrâ_fw-la excultos_fw-la tot_fw-la vidimus_fw-la arces_fw-la ut_fw-la nunc_fw-la ausonio_n tamisis_n cum_fw-la tybride_n certet_fw-la so_o many_o field_n and_o pleasant_a wood_n so_o many_o princely_a bower_n and_o palace_n we_o see_v beside_o so_o many_o stately_a tower_n so_o many_o garden_n trim_o dress_v by_o curious_a hand_n which_o be_v that_o now_o with_o roman_a tyberis_n the_o tamis_n may_v well_o compare_v at_o the_o very_a first_o entrance_n stanes_n stanes_n in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d offer_v itself_o to_o our_o sight_n where_o tamis_n have_v a_o wooden_a bridge_n over_o it_o this_o name_n it_o take_v of_o a_o meerestone_n here_o in_o time_n past_o set_v up_o to_o mark_v out_o the_o jurisdiction_n that_o the_o city_n of_o london_n have_v in_o the_o river_n runingmead_n near_o unto_o this_o stone_n be_v that_o most_o famous_a meadow_n runingmead_n common_o call_v renimed_n in_o which_o the_o baronage_n of_o england_n assemble_v in_o great_a number_n in_o the_o year_n 1215._o to_o exact_a their_o liberty_n of_o king_n john_n whereof_o in_o the_o marriage_n of_o tame_a and_o isis_n the_o poet_n write_v thus_o speak_v of_o the_o tamis_n that_o run_v hard_a by_o subluit_fw-la hic_fw-la pratum_fw-la quod_fw-la dixit_fw-la renimed_n anglus_fw-la quo_fw-la sedere_fw-la deuce_n armis_fw-la annÃsque_fw-la verendi_fw-la regis_fw-la joannis_n cuperent_fw-la qui_fw-la vertere_fw-la sceptrum_fw-la edwardi_fw-la sancti_fw-la dum_fw-la leges_fw-la juráque_fw-la vellent_fw-la principe_fw-la contempto_fw-la tenebroso_fw-la è_fw-la carcere_fw-la duci_fw-la hinc_fw-la sonnere_fw-la tubae_fw-la plusquam_fw-la civilia_fw-la bella_fw-la venit_fw-la &_o hinc_fw-la refugus_fw-la nostras_fw-la lodovicus_n in_fw-la orat_fw-la hence_o run_v it_o hard_o by_o meadow_n green_a in_o english_a renimed_n where_o close_o in_o counsel_n sit_v the_o lord_n as_o well_o for_o armour_n dread_v as_o ancient_a year_n right_o reverend_a who_o seek_v their_o sovereign_a king_n john_n to_o depose_v from_o regal_a throne_n while_o that_o they_o mean_v to_o bring_v contemn_v prince_n s._n edward_n law_n and_o liberty_n again_o inure_v which_o have_v long_a time_n forlet_a a_o quite_o forget_v lie_v hence_o more_o than_o civil_a war_n aloud_o the_o trumpet_n ganne_v to_o sound_v hence_o lewis_n of_o france_n who_o soon_o retire_v set_a foot_n on_o english_a ground_n from_o thence_o it_o pass_v by_o coway-stake_n at_o lalam_n where_o we_o say_v that_o caesar_n cross_v over_o the_o tamis_n and_o the_o britan_n fence_a the_o bank_n and_o fourd_v against_o he_o with_o stake_n whereof_o it_o have_v the_o name_n hill_n tamis_n pass_v down_o from_o thence_o see_v above_o it_o harrow_v the_o high_a hill_n of_o all_o this_o country_n under_o which_o southward_n there_o lie_v for_o a_o long_a way_n together_o exceed_o rich_a and_o fruitful_a field_n especial_o about_o heston_n a_o small_a village_n that_o yield_v so_o fine_a flower_n for_o manchet_n that_o a_o long_a time_n it_o have_v serve_v for_o the_o king_n mouth_n hanworth_n within_o a_o little_a of_o it_o be_v hanworth_n where_o stand_v a_o pretty_a house_n of_o the_o king_n which_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o take_v exceed_v delight_n in_o as_o be_v a_o retire_a place_n for_o his_o solace_n and_o voluptuous_a pleasure_n court_n afterward_o it_o run_v hard_o by_o hampton_n court_n a_o royal_a palace_n of_o the_o king_n a_o work_n in_o truth_n of_o admirable_a magnificence_n build_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n by_o thomas_n wolsey_n cardinal_n in_o ostentation_n of_o his_o riches_n when_o for_o very_a pride_n be_v otherwise_o a_o most_o prudent_a man_n he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o manage_v his_o mind_n but_o it_o be_v make_v a_o honour_n enlarge_v and_o finish_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o so_o ample_o as_o it_o contain_v within_o it_o five_o several_a inner_a court_n pass_v large_a environ_v with_o very_o fair_a building_n wrought_v right_o curious_o and_o goodly_a to_o behold_v of_o which_o leland_n write_v thus_o est_fw-la locus_fw-la insolito_fw-la rerum_fw-la splendore_fw-la superbus_fw-la alluitúrque_fw-la vaga_fw-la tamisini_fw-la fluminis_fw-la unda_fw-la nomine_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la jam_fw-la tempore_fw-la dictus_fw-la avona_n hîc_fw-la rex_fw-la henricus_fw-la taleis_fw-la octavius_n aedes_fw-la erexit_fw-la qualeis_fw-la toto_fw-la sol_fw-la aureus_fw-la orbe_fw-la non_fw-la vidit_fw-la a_o stately_a place_n for_o rare_a and_o glorious_a show_n there_o be_v which_o tamis_n with_o wander_a stream_n do_v dowsse_n time_n past_a by_o name_n of_o avon_n man_n it_o know_v here_o henry_n the_o eigth_n of_o that_o name_n build_v a_o house_n so_o sumptuous_a as_o that_o on_o such_o a_o one_o seek_v through_o the_o world_n the_o bright_a sun_n never_o shine_v and_o another_o in_o the_o nuptial_a poem_n of_o tame_a and_o isis._n alluit_fw-la hamptonam_fw-la celebrem_fw-la quae_fw-la laxior_fw-la vrbis_fw-la mentitur_fw-la formam_fw-la spacijs_fw-la hanc_fw-la condidit_fw-la aulam_fw-la purpureus_fw-la pater_fw-la ille_fw-la gravis_fw-la gravis_fw-la ille_fw-la sacerdos_fw-la wolsaeus_n fortuna_fw-la favos_fw-la cui_fw-la â—elle_fw-la repletos_fw-la obtulit_fw-la heu_fw-la tandem_fw-la foriunae_fw-la dona_fw-la dolores_fw-la he_o run_v by_o hampton_n which_o for_o spacious_a seat_n seem_v city-like_a of_o this_o fair_a courtly_a hall_n first_o founder_n be_v a_o priest_n and_o prelate_n great_a wolsey_n that_o grave_n and_o glorious_a cardinal_n fortune_n on_o he_o have_v pour_v her_o gift_n full_a fast_n but_o fortune_n bliss_n alas_o prove_v bale_n at_o last_o and_o now_o with_o a_o wind_a reach_n the_o river_n bend_v his_o course_n northward_o by_o gistleworth_n thistleworth_n for_o so_o be_v that_o call_v in_o old_a time_n which_o now_o be_v thistleworth_n where_o sometime_o stand_v the_o palace_n of_o richard_n king_n of_o roman_n and_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n which_o the_o londoner_n in_o a_o tumultuous_a broil_n burn_v to_o the_o ground_n from_o hence_o zion_n show_v itself_o a_o little_a monastery_n so_o name_v of_o the_o most_o holy_a mount_n zion_n
own_o habitation_n for_o king_n in_o those_o day_n sit_v in_o judgement_n place_n in_o their_o own_o person_n and_o they_o be_v indeed_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v judges_z who_o mouth_n as_o that_o royal_a writer_n say_v shall_v not_o err_v in_o judgement_n 16._o but_o the_o foresay_a palace_n after_o it_o be_v burn_v down_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1512._o lay_v desolate_a and_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o translate_v short_o after_o the_o king_n seat_n from_o thence_o to_o a_o house_n not_o far_o off_o which_o belong_v but_o a_o while_n before_o to_o cardinal_n wolsey_n and_o be_v call_v white_a hall_n this_o house_n be_v a_o princely_a thing_n enclose_v of_o the_o one_o side_n with_o a_o park_n that_o reach_v also_o to_o another_o house_n of_o the_o king_n name_v s._n james_n where_o ancient_o be_v a_o hospital_n for_o maiden_n lepres_n build_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o on_o the_o other_o side_n with_o the_o tamis_n a_o certain_a poet_n term_v the_o foresay_a house_n according_a to_o the_o english_a name_n thereof_o leucaeum_fw-la in_o latin_a as_o appear_v in_o these_o verse_n regale_n subintrant_fw-la leucaeum_fw-la reges_fw-la dederant_fw-la memorabile_fw-la quondam_a atria_fw-la quae_fw-la niveo_fw-la candebant_fw-la marmore_fw-la nomen_fw-la quod_fw-la tamisis_n prima_fw-la est_fw-la cui_fw-la gloria_fw-la pascere_fw-la cygnos_fw-la ledaeos_fw-la ranco_n pronus_fw-la subterluit_fw-la aestu_fw-la to_o royal_a palace_n king_n enter_v in_o sometime_o leuceum_n hight_v this_o famous_a name_n those_o court_n it_o give_v that_o shine_v with_o marble_n white_a hard_o under_o it_o with_o low-sound_n stream_n tamis_n down_o apace_o do_v glide_v a_o river_n feed_v swan_n wherein_o he_o take_v especial_a pride_n mues_n hard_o by_o near_o unto_o the_o mues_n so_o call_v for_o that_o it_o serve_v to_o keep_v hawk_n and_o now_o be_v become_v a_o most_o fair_a stable_a for_o the_o king_n horse_n there_o remain_v a_o monument_n in_o memorial_n of_o that_o most_o pious_a and_o kind_a queen_n aeleonor_n erect_v by_o the_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o her_o most_o dear_o belove_v husband_n and_o certes_o the_o memory_n of_o her_o love_a kindness_n shall_v remain_v worthy_a to_o be_v consecrate_v to_o eternity_n for_o she_o the_o daughter_n of_o ferdinand_n the_o three_o king_n of_o castille_n be_v give_v in_o marriage_n to_o edward_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n wife_n accompany_v he_o into_o the_o holy_a land_n where_o when_o as_o he_o be_v secret_o forelay_v and_o by_o a_o certain_a moor_n wound_v with_o a_o envenom_a sword_n and_o by_o all_o the_o remedy_n that_o physician_n can_v devise_v be_v not_o so_o much_o ease_v as_o afflict_a she_o take_v she_o to_o a_o cure_n strange_a i_o must_v needs_o say_v and_o never_o hear_v of_o before_o 1._o howbeit_o full_a of_o love_n and_o kind_a affection_n for_o her_o husband_n wound_n infect_v with_o the_o poison_n and_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o malignity_n thereof_o can_v not_o be_v close_v and_o heal_v she_o day_n by_o day_n lick_v with_o her_o tongue_n and_o suck_v out_o the_o venomous_a humour_n which_o to_o she_o be_v a_o most_o sweet_a liquor_n by_o the_o vigour_n and_o strength_n whereof_o or_o to_o say_v more_o true_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o wife_n lovely_a fidelity_n she_o so_o draw_v unto_o she_o all_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o poison_n that_o the_o wound_n be_v close_v and_o cicatrize_v he_o become_v perfect_o heal_v and_o she_o catch_v no_o harm_n at_o all_o what_o then_o can_v be_v hear_v more_o rare_a what_o more_o admirable_a than_o this_o woman_n faithful_a love_n that_o a_o wife_n tongue_n thus_o anoint_v as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v with_o faith_n and_o love_n to_o her_o husband_n shall_v from_o she_o well_o belove_a draw_v those_o poison_n which_o by_o a_o approve_a physician_n can_v not_o be_v draw_v and_o that_o which_o many_o and_o those_o right_n exquisite_a medicine_n effect_v not_o the_o love_n only_o and_o piety_n of_o a_o wife_n perform_v thus_o much_o of_o westminster_n joint_o with_o london_n although_o as_o i_o have_v say_v it_o be_v a_o city_n by_o itself_o and_o have_v a_o several_a jurisdiction_n from_o it_o because_o with_o continue_a building_n it_o so_o join_v thereto_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o city_n moreover_o at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o the_o city_n other_o suburb_n run_v a_o great_a way_n in_o length_n holborn_n with_o goodly_a row_n of_o house_n orderly_o range_v as_o namely_o holborn_n or_o rather_o more_o true_o oldborne_n wherein_o stand_v ancient_o the_o first_o house_n of_o the_o templar_n only_o in_o the_o place_n now_o call_v southampton_n house_n but_o now_o there_o stand_v certain_a inn_n or_o college_n of_o student_n in_o the_o common_a law_n and_o a_o city-habitation_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n well_o beseem_v bishop_n to_o dwell_v in_o for_o which_o they_o be_v behold_v to_o john_n de_fw-fr hotham_n bishop_n of_o ely_n under_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o at_o the_o north_n side_n likewise_o there_o be_v suburb_n annex_v to_o the_o city_n wherein_o jordan_n briset_v a_o man_n very_o wealthy_a and_o devout_a build_v a_o house_n for_o the_o knight_n hospitaler_n of_o saint_n john_n of_o jerusalem_n malt._n which_o grow_v in_o time_n so_o great_a that_o it_o resemble_v a_o palace_n and_o have_v in_o it_o a_o very_a fair_a church_n and_o a_o towre-steeple_n raise_v to_o a_o great_a height_n with_o so_o fine_a workmanship_n that_o while_o it_o stand_v it_o be_v a_o singular_a beauty_n and_o ornament_n to_o the_o city_n these_o knight_n hospitaler_n at_o their_o first_o institution_n about_o the_o year_n 1124._o and_o long_o after_o be_v so_o lowly_a all_o the_o while_o they_o continue_v poor_a that_o their_o governor_n be_v style_v servant_n to_o the_o poor_a servitor_n of_o the_o hospital_n of_o jerusalem_n like_v as_o the_o master_n of_o the_o templar_n templar_n who_o short_o after_o arise_v be_v term_v the_o humble_a minister_n of_o the_o poor_a knight_n of_o the_o temple_n this_o religious_a order_n be_v institute_v short_o after_o geoffrey_n of_o bollen_a have_v recover_v jerusalem_n the_o brethren_n whereof_o wear_v a_o white_a cross_n upon_o their_o upper_a black_a garment_n and_o by_o solemn_a profession_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v pilgrim_n and_o poor_a people_n in_o the_o hospital_n of_o saint_n john_n at_o jerusalem_n and_o to_o secure_v the_o passage_n thither_o they_o charitable_o bury_v the_o dead_a they_o be_v continual_a in_o prayer_n mortify_v themselves_o with_o watch_n and_o fasting_n they_o be_v courteous_a and_o kind_a to_o the_o poor_a who_o they_o call_v their_o master_n and_o feed_v with_o white_a bread_n while_o themselves_o live_v with_o brown_a and_o carry_v themselves_o with_o great_a austerity_n whereby_o they_o purchase_v to_o themselves_o the_o love_n and_o like_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o through_o the_o bounty_n of_o good_a prince_n and_o private_a person_n admire_v their_o piety_n and_o prowess_n they_o rise_v from_o this_o low_a degree_n to_o so_o high_a a_o estate_n and_o great_a riches_n that_o after_o a_o sort_n they_o wallow_v in_o wealth_n for_o they_o have_v about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1240._o within_o christendom_n nineteen_o thousand_o lordship_n or_o manor_n like_v as_o the_o templar_n nine_o thousand_o the_o revenue_n and_o rent_n whereof_o in_o england_n fall_v afterward_o also_o to_o these_o hospitaler_n and_o this_o estate_n of_o they_o grow_v to_o so_o great_a a_o height_n make_v way_n for_o they_o to_o as_o great_a honour_n so_o as_o their_o prior_n in_o england_n be_v repute_v the_o john_n prime_a baron_n of_o the_o land_n and_o able_a with_o fullness_n and_o abundance_n of_o all_o thing_n to_o maintain_v a_o honourable_a port_n until_o that_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o advise_v by_o they_o which_o respect_v their_o private_a profit_n get_v their_o land_n and_o live_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n like_a as_o he_o do_v of_o the_o monastery_n also_o albeit_o it_o be_v then_o declare_v that_o such_o religious_a place_n be_v of_o most_o pious_a intent_n consecrate_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n may_v have_v be_v according_a to_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n bestow_v in_o exhibition_n and_o alm_n for_o god_n minister_n relief_n of_o the_o poor_a redemption_n of_o captive_n and_o repair_v of_o church_n near_o unto_o it_o charterhouse_n where_o now_o be_v to_o be_v see_v a_o sightly_o circuit_n of_o fair_a house_n be_v the_o charterhouse_n found_v by_o sir_n walter_n many_o of_o henault_n who_o with_o singular_a commendation_n serve_v under_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o french_a war_n and_o in_o that_o place_n heretofore_o be_v a_o most_o famous_a cemitery_n or_o burial_n place_n in_o which_o in_o a_o plague_n time_n at_o london_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o year_n 1349._o more_o than_o 50000._o person_n a_o
of_o the_o land_n be_v fall_v there_o be_v great_a competition_n for_o the_o title_n of_o abergevenny_n argue_v in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o king_n james_n and_o their_o several_a claim_v debate_v seven_o several_a day_n by_o the_o learned_a counsel_n of_o both_o part_n before_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n yet_o when_o as_o the_o question_n of_o precise_a right_n in_o law_n be_v not_o sufficient_o clear_v but_o both_o of_o they_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o honour_n of_o their_o family_n be_v think_v of_o every_o one_o right_a worthy_a of_o honourable_a title_n and_o whereas_o it_o appear_v evident_o by_o most_o certain_a proof_n that_o the_o title_n as_o well_o of_o the_o barony_n of_o abergevenny_n as_o of_o le_fw-fr despenser_n appertain_v hereditary_o to_o this_o family_n the_o lord_n humble_o and_o earnest_o beseech_v the_o king_n that_o both_o party_n may_v be_v ennoble_v by_o way_n of_o restitution_n who_o gracious_o assent_v thereunto_o hereupon_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n propose_v unto_o the_o lord_n first_o whether_o the_o heir_n male_a shall_v have_v the_o title_n of_o abergevenny_n or_o the_o heir_n female_a and_o the_o most_o voice_n carry_v it_o that_o the_o title_n of_o the_o barony_n of_o abergevenny_n shall_v be_v restore_v unto_o the_o heir_n male_a and_o when_o he_o propound_v second_o whether_o the_o title_n of_o the_o barony_n le_fw-fr despenser_n shall_v be_v restore_v unto_o the_o female_a they_o all_o with_o one_o accord_n give_v their_o full_a consent_n which_o be_v declare_v unto_o the_o king_n he_o confirm_v their_o determination_n with_o his_o gracious_a approbation_n and_o royal_a assent_n then_o be_v edward_n nevil_n by_o the_o king_n write_v call_v unto_o the_o parliament_n by_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n abergavenney_n and_o in_o his_o parliament_n robe_n between_o two_o baron_n as_o the_o manner_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o house_n and_o place_v in_o his_o seat_n above_o the_o baron_n audley_n and_o at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n be_v the_o letter_n patent_n read_v whereby_o the_o king_n restore_v erect_v prefer_v etc._n etc._n marry_o fane_n despenser_n to_o the_o state_n degree_n title_n stile_n name_n honour_n and_o dignity_n of_o baronesse_n le-despens_a to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v the_o foresay_a state_n and_o unto_o the_o above_o name_v mary_n and_o her_o heir_n and_o that_o her_o heir_n successive_o shall_v be_v baron_n le-despens_a etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o a_o new_a question_n move_v unto_o whether_o the_o barony_n of_o abergavenney_n or_o the_o barony_n le-despens_a the_o priority_n of_o place_n be_v due_a the_o lord_n refer_v this_o point_n to_o the_o commissioner_n for_o the_o office_n of_o the_o earl_n mareschall_n of_o england_n who_o after_o mature_a deliberation_n and_o weigh_v of_o the_o matter_n give_v definitive_a sentence_n for_o the_o barony_n le-despens_a set_v down_o under_o their_o hand_n and_o sign_v with_o their_o seal_n which_o be_v read_v before_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o by_o order_n from_o they_o enter_v into_o the_o journal_n book_n out_o of_o which_o i_o have_v summary_o thus_o much_o exemplify_v john_n hastings_n for_o i_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o pass_v it_o over_o in_o silence_n hold_v this_o castle_n by_o homage_n wardship_n and_o marriage_n when_o it_o happen_v as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o inquisition_n and_o if_o there_o shall_v chance_v any_o war_n between_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n 2._o he_o be_v to_o keep_v the_o country_n of_o over-went_a at_o his_o own_o charge_n in_o the_o best_a manner_n he_o can_v for_o his_o own_o commodity_n the_o king_n behoof_n and_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n defence_n burrium_n the_o second_o little_a city_n which_o antonine_n name_v burrium_n and_o set_v down_o twelve_o mile_n from_o gobannium_n stand_v where_o the_o river_n birthin_n and_o uske_n meet_v in_o one_o stream_n the_o britan_n at_o this_o day_n by_o transpose_v of_o the_o letter_n call_v it_o brunebegy_n for_o burenbegy_n and_o caer_n uske_n giraldus_n term_v it_o castrum_n oscae_fw-la that_o be_v the_o castle_n of_o uske_n uske_n and_o we_o englishman_n uske_n at_o this_o day_n it_o can_v show_v nothing_o but_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o large_a and_o strong_a castle_n situate_v most_o pleasant_o between_o the_o river_n uske_n and_o oilwy_a a_o riveret_n which_o beneath_o it_o run_v from_o the_o east_n by_o ragland_n a_o fair_a house_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o worcester_n build_v castle-like_a the_o three_o city_n which_o antonine_n name_v isca_n and_o legio_n secunda_fw-la be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o uske_n twelve_o italian_a mile_n just_o distant_a from_o burrium_n uske_n as_o he_o have_v put_v it_o down_o the_o britan_n call_v it_o caer_fw-mi leon_n and_o caer_n leon_n be_v uske_n that_o be_v the_o city_n of_o the_o legion_n upon_o uske_n of_o the_o second_o legion_n augusta_n which_o also_o be_v call_v britannica_fw-la secunda_fw-la this_o legion_n be_v ordain_v by_o the_o emperor_n augustus_n and_o translate_v by_o claudius_n out_o of_o germany_n into_o britain_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o vespasian_n be_v ready_a at_o his_o command_n when_o he_o aspire_v to_o be_v emperor_n and_o which_o procure_v the_o legion_n in_o britain_n to_o take_v his_o part_n be_v here_o at_o last_o place_v in_o garrison_n by_o julius_n frontinus_n as_o it_o seem_v against_o the_o silures_n how_o great_a this_o isca_n be_v in_o those_o day_n listen_v unto_o our_o girald_n out_o of_o his_o book_n call_v itinerarium_fw-la cambriae_fw-la who_o thus_o describe_v it_o out_o of_o the_o ruin_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a and_o authentic_a city_n excellent_o well_o build_v in_o old_a time_n by_o the_o roman_n with_o brick_n wall_n here_o may_v a_o man_n see_v many_o footing_n of_o the_o antique_a nobility_n and_o dignity_n it_o have_v mighty_a and_o huge_a palace_n with_o golden_a pinnacle_n in_o time_n past_a resemble_v the_o proud_a stateliness_n of_o the_o roman_n for_o that_o it_o have_v be_v find_v first_o by_o roman_a prince_n and_o beautify_v with_o goodly_a building_n there_o may_v you_o behold_v a_o giantlike_a tower_n notable_a and_o brave_a banns_n the_o remain_v of_o temple_n and_o theatre_n all_o compass_v in_o with_o fair_a wall_n which_o be_v partly_o yet_o stand_v there_o may_v one_o find_v in_o every_o place_n as_o well_o within_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o wall_n as_o without_z house_n under_o ground_n water_n pipe_n and_o vault_n within_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o which_o you_o will_v count_v among_o all_o the_o rest_n worth_a observation_n you_o may_v see_v every_o where_o hoâ—e_a house_n make_v wondrous_a artificial_o breathe_v forth_o heat_n very_o close_o at_o certain_a narrow_a tunnel_n in_o the_o side_n here_o lie_v inter_v two_o noble_a protomartyr_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o next_o after_o alban_n and_o amphibalus_fw-la the_o very_a principal_n here_o crown_v with_o martyrdom_n namely_o julius_n and_o aaron_n and_o both_o of_o they_o have_v in_o this_o city_n a_o goodly_a church_n dedicate_v unto_o they_o for_o in_o ancient_a time_n there_o have_v be_v three_o pass_v fair_a church_n in_o this_o city_n one_o of_o julius_n the_o martyr_n beautify_v with_o a_o chair_n of_o nun_n devote_v to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n a_o second_o found_v in_o the_o name_n of_o bless_a aaron_n his_o companion_n and_o ennoble_v with_o a_o excellent_a order_n of_o canon_n amphibalus_fw-la also_o the_o teacher_n of_o saint_n alban_n and_o a_o faithful_a informer_n of_o he_o unto_o faith_n be_v bear_v here_o the_o site_n of_o the_o city_n be_v excellent_a upon_o the_o river_n oske_n able_a to_o bear_v a_o pretty_a vessel_n at_o a_o high_a water_n from_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o city_n be_v fair_o furnish_v with_o wood_n and_o meadow_n here_o it_o be_v that_o the_o roman_a ambassador_n repair_v unto_o the_o famous_a court_n of_o that_o great_a king_n arthur_n where_o dubritius_fw-la also_o resign_v the_o archiepiscopall_a honour_n unto_o david_n of_o menevia_n when_o the_o metropolitan_a see_v be_v translate_v from_o hence_o to_o menevia_n thus_o much_o out_o of_o giraldus_n but_o for_o the_o avouch_v and_o confirm_v of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o this_o place_n i_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a to_o adjoyne_v here_o those_o antique_a inscription_n late_o dig_v forth_o of_o the_o ground_n which_o the_o right_a reverend_a father_n in_o god_n francis_n godwin_n bishop_n of_o landaffe_n a_o pass_a great_a lover_n of_o venerable_a antiquity_n and_o of_o all_o good_a literature_n have_v of_o his_o courtesy_n impart_v unto_o i_o in_o the_o year_n 1602._o in_o a_o meadow_n adjoin_v there_o be_v find_v by_o ditcher_n a_o certain_a image_n of_o a_o personage_n gird_v and_o short_a truss_v bear_v a_o quiver_n but_o head_n hand_n and_o foot_n be_v break_v off_o upon_o a_o pavement_n of_o square_a tile_n in_o chequer_n
head_n be_v sound_a and_o of_o a_o firm_a constitution_n their_o eyesight_n continue_v and_o never_o dim_a and_o their_o age_n long_o last_v and_o very_a cheerful_a the_o vale_n itself_o with_o his_o green_a meadow_n yellow_a corne-field_n village_n and_o fair_a house_n stand_v thick_a and_o many_o beautiful_a church_n give_v wonderful_a great_a contentment_n to_o such_o as_o behold_v it_o from_o above_o river_n the_o river_n cluid_n increase_v with_o beck_n and_o brook_n resort_v unto_o it_o from_o the_o hill_n on_o each_o side_n do_v from_o the_o very_a springhead_n part_v it_o in_o twain_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o it_o whence_o in_o ancient_a time_n it_o be_v name_v strat_n cluid_n for_o marianus_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o king_n of_o the_o strat-clud_a of_o the_o welsh_a and_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v common_o call_v diffryn_n cluid_n that_o be_v the_o vale_n of_o cluid_fw-la wherein_o as_o some_o have_v record_v certain_a britan_n which_o come_v out_o of_o scotland_n after_o they_o have_v drive_v forth_o the_o english_a erect_v a_o petty_a kingdom_n on_o the_o east_n bank_n of_o cluid_n in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o vale_n stand_v ruthin_n in_o latin_a writer_n ruthunia_n in_o british_a ruthun_n the_o great_a mercat_n town_n in_o all_o the_o vale_n full_a of_o inhabitant_n and_o well_o replenish_v with_o building_n famous_a also_o not_o long_o since_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o large_a and_o very_o fair_a castle_n able_a to_o receive_v and_o entertain_v a_o great_a household_n which_o with_o the_o town_n reginald_n grey_n to_o who_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o grant_v it_o and_o roger_n grey_n build_v have_v obtain_v licence_n of_o the_o king_n the_o bishop_n of_o saint_n asaph_n and_o the_o parson_n of_o the_o church_n of_o lhan-ruth_n in_o who_o parish_n the_o place_n be_v site_v unto_o he_o in_o recompense_n for_o his_o part_n of_o the_o good_a service_n perform_v against_o the_o welsh_a king_n edward_z the_o first_o have_v give_v in_o manner_n the_o whole_a vale_n and_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o his_o heir_n man_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o at_o length_n style_v with_o the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o kent_n until_o that_o richard_n grey_n earl_n of_o kent_n and_o lord_n of_o ruthin_n have_v no_o issue_n nor_o care_n of_o his_o brother_n henry_n pass_v away_o for_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n this_o his_o ancient_a inheritance_n unto_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o but_o of_o late_a day_n the_o bounteous_a magnificence_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n bestow_v it_o upon_o ambrose_n dudley_n earl_n of_o warwick_n together_o with_o rich_a revenue_n in_o the_o valerius_n when_o you_o ascend_v out_o of_o the_o vale_n eastward_o you_o come_v to_o yale_n a_o little_a hilly_a country_n and_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o region_n beneath_o and_o round_o about_o it_o pass_o high_a so_o that_o no_o river_n from_o elsewhere_o come_v into_o it_o and_o it_o send_v forth_o some_o from_o it_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o high_a situation_n it_o be_v bleak_a as_o expose_v to_o the_o wind_n on_o all_o side_n whether_o it_o take_v that_o name_n of_o the_o riveret_n alen_n which_o rise_v first_o in_o it_o undermine_v the_o ground_n and_o once_o or_o twice_o hide_v himself_o i_o know_v not_o the_o mountain_n be_v full_a of_o neat_n sheep_n and_o goat_n the_o valley_n in_o some_o plenteous_a enough_o of_o corn_n especial_o east_n on_o this_o side_n of_o alen._n but_o the_o more_o westerly_a part_n be_v not_o so_o fruitful_a and_o in_o some_o place_n be_v a_o very_a heath_n and_o altogether_o barren_a neither_o have_v it_o any_o thing_n memorable_a save_v only_o a_o little_a abbey_n now_o whole_o decay_v but_o stand_v most_o rich_o and_o pleasant_o in_o a_o vale_n which_o among_o the_o woody_a hill_n cut_v itself_o overthwart_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o cross_n crosse._n whereupon_o it_o be_v call_v in_o latin_a vallis_n crucis_fw-la that_o be_v the_o vale_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o in_o british_a lhane-gw_a from_o hence_o more_o eastward_o the_o territory_n call_v in_o welsh_a mailor_n gymraig_n that_o be_v welsh_a mailor_n in_o english_a bromfield_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi a_o small_a territory_n wrexham_n but_o very_o rich_a and_o pleasant_a plentiful_a withal_o of_o lead_n especial_o near_a unto_o moinglath_n a_o little_a town_n which_o take_v the_o name_n of_o mine_n here_o be_v wrexham_n to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o saxon_n tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d much_o speak_v of_o for_o a_o pass_a fair_a tower_n steeple_n that_o the_o church_n have_v and_o the_o musical_a organ_n that_o be_v therein_o and_o near_o unto_o it_o be_v leonis_fw-la castrum_n happy_o so_o call_v of_o the_o twenty_o legion_n denominate_v victrix_n which_o a_o little_a high_o on_o the_o other_o bank_n of_o dee_n lie_v garrison_v now_o it_o go_v common_o under_o the_o name_n of_o holt_n holt_n and_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v re-edify_v of_o late_a by_o sir_n william_n stanley_n and_o long_o since_o by_o john_n earl_n of_o warren_n who_o be_v a_o guardian_n of_o trust_n unto_o madock_n a_o welsh_a lord_n convey_v false_o from_o his_o ward_n this_o lordship_n together_o with_o yale_n unto_o himself_o but_o from_o the_o earl_n of_o warren_n it_o come_v unto_o the_o fitz-alans_a earl_n of_o arundel_n *_o and_o from_o they_o to_o sir_n william_n beauchamp_n baron_n of_o abergevenney_n and_o afterward_o to_o sir_n william_n stanley_n chamberlain_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o who_o contest_v with_o his_o sovereign_n about_o his_o good_a service_n when_o he_o be_v honourable_o recompense_v lose_v his_o head_n forget_v that_o sovereign_n must_v not_o be_v behold_v to_o subject_n howsoever_o subject_n fancy_v their_o own_o good_a service_n beneath_o bromfield_n southward_o lie_v chirke_n in_o welsh_a gwain_n be_v also_o very_o hilly_a but_o well_o know_v in_o elder_a age_n for_o two_o castle_n chirkes_n chirke_n which_o give_v it_o the_o name_n build_v by_o roger_n mortimer_n bran._n and_o castle_n dinas_n bran_n situate_v in_o the_o hang_n of_o a_o mighty_a high_a hill_n point_v in_o the_o top_n where_o of_o note_n there_o remain_v nothing_o but_o the_o very_a ruin_n the_o common_a sort_n affirm_v that_o brennius_fw-la the_o general_n of_o the_o gall_n both_o build_v and_o so_o name_v it_o other_o interpret_v the_o name_n to_o this_o sense_n the_o castle_n of_o the_o king_n palace_n for_o burn_v in_o british_a signify_v a_o king_n brennus_n whence_o perhaps_o that_o most_o puissant_a king_n of_o gaul_n and_o britan_n both_o be_v by_o way_n of_o excellency_n call_v brennus_n but_o other_o again_o draw_v this_o name_n from_o the_o high_a situation_n upon_o a_o hill_n which_o the_o britan_n term_n burn_v and_o in_o my_o opinion_n this_o their_o conjecture_n carry_v with_o it_o more_o probability_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o it_o be_v the_o mansion_n place_n of_o gruffith_n ap_fw-mi madoc_n who_o when_o he_o take_v part_n with_o the_o english_a against_o the_o welsh_a be_v wont_n here_o to_o make_v his_o abode_n but_o after_o his_o death_n roger_n mortimer_n who_o have_v the_o charge_n and_o tuition_n of_o his_o son_n lhewellin_n like_v as_o john_n earl_n of_o warren_n of_o who_o i_o speak_v seize_v bromfield_n so_o he_o seize_v also_o this_o chirck_n into_o his_o possession_n when_o the_o state_n of_o the_o welsh_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o own_o civil_a dissension_n and_o the_o invasion_n of_o english_a now_o ready_a to_o ruin_v can_v not_o well_o subsist_v the_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o of_o warren_n the_o mortimer_n lacie_n and_o the_o grey_n that_o i_o speak_v of_o first_o of_o all_o the_o norman_n bring_v this_o little_a country_n of_o denbigh_n by_o little_a and_o little_a into_o their_o own_o hand_n and_o left_a possession_n thereof_o to_o their_o heir_n neither_o be_v it_o make_v a_o shire_n before_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o his_o day_n at_o which_o time_n radnor_n brechnock_n and_o montgomery_n by_o authority_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v shire_n in_o this_o shire_n there_o be_v parish_n 57_o flint_n comitatus_fw-la quem_fw-la ordovices_n olim_fw-la incosuerunt_fw-la flintshire_n right_o over_o against_o denbigh-shire_n north-east-ward_n lie_v flintshire_n a_o small_a territory_n more_o in_o length_n than_o in_o breadth_n hem_v in_o on_o the_o north_n side_n with_o the_o irish_a sea_n or_o rather_o with_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o same_o on_o the_o east_n with_o cheshire_n on_o other_o part_n with_o denbigh-shire_n it_o be_v no_o mountain_n country_n to_o speak_v of_o yet_o rise_v somewhat_o with_o the_o bear_n up_o of_o hill_n and_o gentle_o fall_v and_o sloop_v itself_o down_o with_o fruitful_a field_n which_o towards_o dee_n a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n especial_o every_o first_o year_n that_o they_o be_v new_a break_a uppe_n and_o swoon_v bear_v in_o
dwell_a place_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o twomond_n take_v denomination_n as_o also_o the_o whole_a tract_n of_o it_o call_v the_o county_n of_o clare_n the_o place_n of_o great_a note_n and_o name_n than_o the_o rest_n killaloe_n be_v kilfennerag_n and_o killaloe_n or_o laon_n the_o bishop_n seat_n this_o in_o the_o roman_a provincial_n be_v term_v episcopatus_fw-la ladensis_fw-la where_o there_o stand_v a_o rock_n in_o the_o mid_a channel_n of_o the_o river_n shannon_n catarracta_fw-la from_o which_o the_o water_n rush_v down_o a_o main_a with_o a_o great_a fall_n and_o noise_n and_o by_o stand_v thus_o in_o the_o way_n as_o a_o bar_n hinder_v the_o river_n that_o it_o can_v carry_v vessel_n no_o further_o which_o if_o it_o be_v cut_v down_o or_o a_o drain_v make_v about_o it_o the_o river_n be_v able_a to_o bring_v up_o vessel_n much_o high_o to_o the_o great_a commodity_n of_o all_o the_o neighbour_n inhabitant_n not_o far_o from_o the_o bank_n of_o shannon_n bunraty_n be_v seat_v bunraty_n for_o which_o sir_n robert_n muscegros_n obtain_v from_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o mercate_z and_o fair_a and_o when_o he_o have_v fortify_v it_o with_o a_o castle_n give_v it_o at_o length_n unto_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o who_o grant_v both_o this_o town_n and_o the_o whole_a territory_n unto_o richard_n clare_n aforesaid_a and_o seven_o mile_n from_o thence_o clare_n appear_v clare_n the_o principal_a town_n at_o a_o creek_n flow_v up_o out_o of_o shannon_n full_a of_o island_n and_o these_o twain_o be_v the_o only_a mercate_z town_n here_o and_o those_o but_o small_a one_o most_o of_o the_o english_a who_o be_v in_o time_n past_o bring_v hither_o to_o inhabit_v be_v either_o root_v out_o or_o become_v degenerate_a and_o grow_v irish_a but_o they_o who_o carry_v the_o whole_a sway_n here_o at_o this_o day_n be_v of_o the_o irish_a blood_n as_o mac-nemors_a mac-mahon_n o-loughton_a and_o the_o mighty_a by_o far_a of_o all_o other_o the_o o-briens_n descend_v from_o the_o ancient_a potentate_n or_o king_n of_o conaght_n or_o as_o themselves_o give_v it_o forth_o twomond_n from_o the_o monarch_n of_o ireland_n of_o these_o morogh_n o-brien_n be_v the_o first_o earl_n of_o twomond_n create_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o for_o term_v of_o life_n and_o after_o he_o to_o donough_n his_o brother_n son_n and_o his_o heir_n who_o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v make_v baron_n of_o ibarcan_a succeed_v in_o the_o earldom_n and_o be_v slay_v by_o his_o brother_n sir_n donel_n o-brien_n connagher_n o-brien_n donagh_n son_n be_v the_o three_o earl_n and_o father_n to_o donaugh_n now_o the_o four_o earl_n who_o have_v show_v singular_a good_a proof_n of_o his_o faithful_a loialty_n and_o courageous_a valour_n unto_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n in_o most_o dangerous_a time_n to_o his_o singular_a commendation_n the_o county_n of_o gallway_n the_o county_n of_o gallway_n meer_v south_n upon_o clare_n west_n upon_o the_o ocean_n north_n upon_o the_o county_n maio_n and_o east_n upon_o the_o river_n shannon_n a_o land_n very_o thankful_a unto_o the_o industrious_a husbandman_n and_o no_o less_o profitable_a unto_o the_o shepherd_n the_o west_n shore_n endent_v in_o with_o small_a inlets_a and_o outlet_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v a_o border_n all_o along_o of_o green_a land_n and_o rugged_a rock_n set_v orderly_o as_o it_o be_v in_o a_o row_n among_o which_o four_o land_n call_v arran_n arran_n make_v a_o barony_n and_o many_o a_o foolish_a fable_n go_v of_o they_o as_o if_o they_o be_v the_o land_n of_o the_o live_n wherein_o none_o do_v die_v also_o inis_fw-la ceath_n well_o know_v in_o time_n pass_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o colman_n a_o devout_a saint_n hist._n found_v for_o scot_n and_o englishman_n and_o inis-bovind_a which_o bede_n interprete_v out_o of_o the_o scottish_a tongue_n to_o signify_v the_o isle_n of_o white_a heifer_n whereas_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a british_a word_n but_o the_o englishman_n soon_o forsake_v the_o monastery_n when_o the_o scot_n and_o they_o can_v not_o well_o agree_v together_o logh-corbes_a further_o within_o lie_v a_o lake_n call_v logh-corbes_a where_o ptolomee_n place_v the_o river_n ausoba_n spread_v out_o twenty_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o in_o length_n and_o three_o or_o four_o in_o breadth_n be_v navigable_a and_o garnish_v with_o 300._o petty_a land_n full_a of_o grass_n and_o bear_v pine-tree_n which_o lake_n when_o it_o reach_v near_o the_o sea_n grow_v narrow_a into_o a_o river_n gallwey_n run_v under_o gallway_n in_o the_o irish_a tongue_n gallive_a name_v so_o or_o else_o i_o can_v tell_v of_o the_o gallaeci_n in_o spain_n the_o very_a principal_a city_n of_o this_o province_n and_o which_o will_v think_v hardly_o to_o be_v reckon_v the_o three_o in_o ireland_n sure_o a_o very_a proper_a and_o fair_a city_n it_o be_v build_v almost_o round_o and_o in_o manner_n tower-like_a of_o entry_n and_o some_o stone_n and_o have_v beside_o to_o set_v it_o out_o a_o bishop_n see_v and_o withal_o through_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o ride_v abovesaid_a under_o it_o be_v well_o frequent_v with_o merchant_n have_v easy_a and_o gainful_a traffic_n by_o exchange_n of_o rich_a commodity_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n 1516._o not_o full_a four_o mile_n from_o hence_o stand_v knoctoe_n that_o be_v the_o hill_n of_o axe_n under_o which_o that_o noble_a girald_n fitz-girald_a earl_n of_o kildare_n and_o by_o time_n for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o and_o thirty_o year_n lord_n deputy_n of_o ireland_n discomfit_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n after_o a_o bloody_a overthrow_n the_o great_a rabble_n of_o rebel_n that_o ever_o be_v see_v before_o in_o ireland_n raise_v and_o gather_v together_o by_o william_n burk_n o-bren_a mac-nomare_a and_o o-carrall_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o eastward_o stand_v aterith_n in_o which_o remain_v some_o footing_n of_o the_o name_n of_o auteri_n common_o call_v athenry_n aterith_n enclose_v round_o about_o with_o a_o wall_n of_o great_a circuit_n but_o slender_o inhabit_v it_o glori_v much_o of_o that_o warlike_a baron_n thereof_o birminghams_n john_n de_fw-fr birmingham_n a_o englishman_n out_o of_o which_o family_n the_o earl_n of_o louth_n descend_v but_o these_o birminghams_n of_o aterith_n be_v now_o as_o it_o be_v degenerate_a into_o barbarous_a irishry_n scarce_o acknowledge_v themselves_o to_o have_v be_v english_a original_o the_o sept_n or_o kindred_n of_o the_o irish_a here_o that_o be_v of_o the_o better_a sort_n be_v o_o kelleis_n o_o maiden_n o_o flairt_n mac_n dervis_n etc._n etc._n clanricard_a clanricard_a that_o be_v the_o son_n kindred_n or_o tube_n of_o richard_n or_o the_o land_n of_o richard_n son_n confine_v upon_o these_o and_o lie_v to_o this_o county_n the_o name_n it_o take_v after_o the_o irish_a manner_n from_o one_o richard_n of_o a_o english_a family_n call_v the_o burgh_n that_o become_v afterward_o of_o most_o high_a renown_n and_o name_n in_o this_o tract_n and_o out_o of_o which_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o create_v ulick_n burgh_n earl_n of_o clanricard_a who_o elder_a son_n carry_v the_o title_n of_o baron_n dunkellin_a his_o son_n richard_n be_v the_o second_o earl_n who_o child_n beget_v of_o sundry_a wife_n stir_v up_o many_o trouble_n to_o the_o grief_n of_o their_o father_n the_o overthrow_n of_o their_o own_o country_n and_o themselves_o after_o richard_n who_o die_v a_o old_a man_n succeed_v his_o son_n ulick_n the_o three_o earl_n and_o father_n to_o richard_n the_o four_o earl_n now_o live_v who_o fast_a fidelity_n and_o singular_a fortitude_n have_v to_o his_o great_a praise_n evident_o appear_v when_o the_o english_a and_o their_o whole_a estate_n in_o ireland_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n tuen_o in_o this_o territory_n be_v the_o archbishop_n see_v of_o toam_n unto_o which_o in_o old_a time_n many_o bishop_n be_v subject_a but_o at_o this_o day_n the_o bishopric_n of_o anagchony_n duae_fw-la and_o maio_n be_v annex_v unto_o it_o the_o bishopric_n likewise_o of_o kilmacough_n which_o in_o the_o old_a provincial_n unless_o the_o name_n be_v corrupt_a be_v not_o mention_v as_o also_o of_o clonfert_n be_v seat_v in_o this_o part_n and_o as_o i_o have_v hear_v unite_v to_o the_o see_v of_o toam_n the_o county_n of_o maio_n the_o county_n maio_n on_o which_o the_o western_a ocean_n beat_v lie_v bound_v south_n with_o the_o county_n of_o galway_n east_n with_o the_o county_n roscoman_n and_o north_n with_o the_o county_n of_o slego_n a_o fertile_a country_n and_o a_o pleasant_a abundant_o rich_a in_o cattle_n dear_a hawk_n and_o plenty_n of_o honey_n take_v the_o name_n of_o maio_n maio._n a_o little_a city_n with_o a_o bishop_n see_v in_o it_o which_o in_o the_o roman_a provincial_n be_v call_v mageo_n but_o that_o episcopal_a seat_n be_v now_o annex_v to_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o
deprive_v thereof_o by_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o have_v the_o title_n only_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o somerset_n leave_v unto_o he_o the_o say_v john_n have_v three_o son_n henry_n earl_n of_o somerset_n who_o die_v in_o his_o tender_a age_n john_n create_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o the_o first_o duke_n of_o somerset_n who_o have_v one_o sole_a daughter_n name_v margaret_n mother_z to_z king_n henry_n the_o seven_o and_o edmund_n who_o succeed_v after_o his_o brother_n in_o the_o dukedom_n and_o have_v be_v a_o certain_a time_n regent_n of_o france_n be_v call_v home_o and_o accuse_v for_o the_o loss_n of_o normandy_n after_o he_o have_v suffer_v much_o grievance_n at_o the_o people_n hand_n in_o that_o regard_n be_v in_o that_o woeful_a war_n between_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n and_o york_n slay_v in_o the_o first_o battle_n of_o s._n alban_n henry_n his_o son_n be_v place_v in_o his_o room_n while_o he_o serve_v the_o time_n side_v one_o while_n with_o york_n and_o anotherwhile_o with_o lancaster_n in_o the_o battle_n at_o exham_n be_v by_o those_o of_o the_o house_n of_o york_n take_v prisoner_n and_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o head_n pay_v for_o his_o unconstant_a levity_n edmund_z his_o brother_n succeed_v he_o in_o his_o honour_n who_o of_o this_o family_n be_v the_o last_o duke_n of_o somerset_n and_o when_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o lancastrian_n be_v discomfit_v at_o tewksbury_n be_v forcible_o pull_v out_o of_o the_o church_n into_o which_o all_o imbrue_v with_o blood_n he_o flee_v as_o into_o a_o sanctuary_n and_o then_o behead_v thus_o all_o the_o legitimate_a male_n of_o this_o family_n be_v dead_a and_o go_v first_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o honour_v with_o title_n edmund_n his_o own_o son_n a_o young_a child_n who_o short_o depart_v this_o world_n afterward_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o do_v the_o like_a for_o his_o base_a son_n name_v henry_n fitz-roy_a and_o see_v he_o have_v no_o child_n king_n edward_n the_o six_o invest_v sir_n edward_n de_fw-fr sancto_n mauro_n common_o seimor_n with_o the_o same_o honour_n who_o be_v most_o power-able_a honourable_a and_o load_v with_o title_n for_o thus_o go_v his_o stile_n duke_n of_o somerset_n earl_n of_o hertford_n viscount_n beauchamp_n baron_n seimor_n uncle_n to_o the_o king_n governor_n of_o the_o king_n protector_n of_o his_o realm_n dominion_n and_o subject_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o force_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n lord_n high_a treasurer_n and_o earl_n martial_n of_o england_n captain_n of_o the_o isle_n gernsey_n and_o jarsey_n etc._n etc._n be_v sudden_o overwhelm_v as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o disport_n of_o fortune_n which_o never_o suffer_v sudden_a over-greatnesse_n to_o last_v long_o and_o for_o a_o small_a crime_n and_o that_o upon_o a_o nice_a point_n subtle_o devise_v and_o pack_v by_o his_o enemy_n bereave_v both_o of_o those_o dignity_n and_o his_o life_n withal_o in_o this_o county_n be_v number_v parish_n 385._o wiltoniae_fw-la comitatus_fw-la herbida_fw-la plâ—nicie_fw-la nobilis_fw-la vulâ—o_o will_v shire_n pars_fw-la olim_fw-la belgarum_fw-la wiltshire_n wiltshire_n which_o also_o pertain_v to_o the_o belgar_a call_v in_o the_o english-saxon_a tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a comm_o term_v wiltonia_n take_v that_o denomination_n of_o wilton_n sometime_o the_o chief_a town_n like_a as_o it_o of_o the_o river_n willy_n be_v altogether_o a_o mediterranean_a or_o midland_n country_n for_o enclose_v it_o be_v with_o somersetshire_n on_o the_o west_n berkshire_n and_o hampshire_n on_o the_o east_n on_o the_o north_n with_o glocestershire_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o dorsetshire_n and_o a_o part_n of_o hampshire_n a_o region_n which_o as_o it_o breed_v a_o number_n of_o warlike_a and_o hardy_a man_n who_o in_o old_a time_n with_o cornwall_n and_o denshire_n together_o challenge_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o manhood_n and_o martial_a prowess_n the_o prerogative_n in_o the_o english_a army_n of_o that_o regiment_n which_o shall_v second_v the_o main_a battle_n as_o say_v john_n of_o sarisburie_n in_o his_o polycraticon_n so_o be_v it_o exceed_v fertile_a and_o plentiful_a of_o all_o thing_n yea_o and_o for_o the_o variety_n thereof_o pass_v pleasant_a and_o delightsome_a the_o northern_a and_o upper_a part_n which_o they_o call_v north-wilshire_n rise_v up_o somewhat_o with_o delectable_a hill_n attire_v in_o time_n pass_v with_o large_a and_o great_a wood_n which_o now_o begin_v to_o grow_v thin_a and_o water_v with_o clear_a river_n ouze_n for_o isis_n the_o principal_a and_o as_o it_o be_v prince_n of_o all_o the_o english_a river_n which_o afterward_o take_v to_o he_o the_o name_n of_o tamisis_n that_o be_v thames_n be_v now_o as_o yet_o but_o little_a and_o shallow_a together_o with_o other_o river_n of_o less_o name_n which_o i_o will_v speak_v of_o in_o their_o proper_a place_n water_z it_o plentiful_o the_o south_n part_n with_o large_a grassy_a plain_n feed_v innumerable_a flock_n of_o sheep_n have_v his_o river_n swell_a brook_n and_o ril_n of_o everliving_a fountain_n the_o midst_n of_o this_o shire_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n also_o lie_v even_o and_o plain_a be_v divide_v overthwart_o from_o east_n to_o west_n with_o a_o dike_n of_o wonderful_a work_n cast_v up_o for_o many_o mile_n together_o in_o length_n wansdike_n the_o people_n dwell_v there_o about_o call_v it_o wansdike_n which_o upon_o a_o error_n general_a receive_v they_o talk_v and_o tell_v to_o have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o devil_n upon_o a_o wednesday_n for_o in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n it_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o ditch_n of_o wooden_a or_o mercury_n and_o as_o it_o shall_v seem_v of_o wooden_a that_o false_a imagine_a god_n and_o father_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a but_o i_o have_v always_o be_v persuade_v that_o the_o saxon_n make_v it_o as_o a_o limit_n to_o divide_v the_o two_o kingdom_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o westsaxon_n asunder_o for_o this_o be_v the_o very_a place_n of_o battle_n between_o they_o while_o they_o strive_v one_o with_o another_o to_o enlarge_v their_o dominion_n and_o near_o unto_o this_o dike_n stand_v wodensburg_n a_o little_a village_n where_o ceauline_n the_o most_o warlike_a king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 590._o while_o he_o defend_v his_o march_n in_o a_o bloody_a fight_n receive_v such_o a_o foil_n and_o overthrow_v by_o the_o britan_n and_o englishman_n that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v his_o country_n and_o to_o end_v his_o day_n in_o exile_n a_o piteous_a and_o lamentable_a spectacle_n march_n even_o to_o his_o very_a enemy_n and_o at_o this_o dike_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o other_o accident_n ina_n the_o west-saxon_a and_o ceolred_n the_o mercian_n join_v battle_n and_o depart_v the_o field_n on_o even_a hand_n like_a to_o this_o be_v that_o ditch_n whereby_o king_n offa_n keep_v the_o britan_n off_o from_o his_o mercian_n call_v even_o at_o this_o day_n offa-dike_a other_o also_o be_v still_o to_o be_v see_v among_o the_o east-angle_n in_o cambridgeshire_n and_o suffolk_n wherewith_o they_o limit_v their_o territory_n and_o defend_v themselves_o from_o the_o inroad_n and_o invasion_n of_o the_o mercian_n in_o the_o north-part_n of_o wiltshire_n which_o be_v water_v with_o isis_n or_o the_o thames_n there_o be_v a_o town_n call_v creckelade_v by_o marianus_n by_o other_o greekelade_v of_o greek_a philosopher_n as_o some_o be_v ready_a to_o believe_v who_o as_o the_o history_n of_o oxford_n report_v begin_v there_o a_o university_n john_n which_o afterward_o be_v translate_v to_o oxford_n west_n from_o that_o be_v highworth_n high_o seat_v a_o well_o know_v market_n but_o south_n from_o creckelade_v i_o see_v lediard_n tregoze_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o family_n of_o saint-iohn_n knight_n the_o which_o margaret_n de_fw-la bello_fw-la campo_n or_o beauchamp_n afterward_o duchess_n of_o somerset_n give_v to_o oliver_n of_o saint_n john_n her_o second_o son_n for_o to_o she_o it_o come_v as_o a_o inheritance_n by_o patishul_n grandison_n and_o tregoze_n basset_n name_n of_o great_a honour_n wotton_n basset_n bord_v hard_a upon_o this_o have_v this_o primitive_a name_n from_o wood_n the_o addition_n do_v prove_v that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o noble_a house_n of_o the_o basset_n but_o in_o the_o latter_a foregoing_a age_n it_o be_v as_o i_o have_v hear_v say_v the_o habitation_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n who_o make_v there_o a_o very_a large_a park_n for_o to_o enclose_v dear_a in_o forrest_n from_o hence_o breden_n wood_n now_o breden_n forrest_n stretch_v itself_o far_o and_o wide_a which_o in_o the_o year_n 905._o by_o ethelwald_n blood_n clyto_n and_o the_o dane_n that_o aid_v he_o be_v lay_v waste_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n endure_v all_o calamity_n of_o war_n on_o the_o west_n side_n whereof_o the_o river_n avon_n above_o mention_v
from_o both_o side_n then_o set_v foot_n to_o foot_n as_o if_o they_o fight_v man_n to_o man_n they_o maintain_v fight_v a_o long_a time_n but_o when_o the_o english_a man_n have_v most_o valiant_o receive_v their_o first_o violent_a on_o set_n the_o norman_a horseman_n with_o full_a career_n put_v forward_o and_o give_v a_o hot_a charge_n but_o see_v they_o also_o can_v not_o break_v the_o battle_n they_o retire_v for_o the_o nonce_n and_o yet_o keep_v their_o rank_n in_o good_a order_n the_o englishman_n suppose_v they_o to_o fly_v present_o disrange_v themselves_o and_o in_o disray_n preass_v hard_o upon_o the_o enemy_n but_o they_o all_o on_o a_o sudden_a bring_v back_o their_o company_n charge_v they_o a_o fresh_a on_o every_o side_n with_o all_o their_o joint_a force_n thick_o unite_v together_o and_o so_o enclose_v they_o round_o about_o drive_v they_o back_o with_o great_a slaughter_n who_o not_o withstand_v have_v get_v the_o high_a ground_n withstand_v the_o norman_n a_o long_a time_n until_o harold_n himself_o be_v shoot_v through_o with_o a_o arrow_n and_o fall_v down_o dead_a for_o then_o straightway_o they_o turn_v their_o back_n and_o betake_v themselves_o every_o man_n to_o flight_n the_o duke_n lofty_a and_o haughty_a with_o this_o victory_n and_o yet_o not_o unmindful_a of_o god_n the_o giver_n thereof_o errect_v in_o memorial_n of_o this_o battle_n a_o abbey_n to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n and_o s._n martin_n which_o he_o call_v de_fw-la bello_fw-la or_o battle_n abbey_n in_o that_o very_a place_n where_o harold_n after_o many_o a_o wound_n and_o stab_v among_o the_o thick_a of_o his_o enemy_n give_v up_o the_o ghost_n that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o everlasting_a monument_n of_o the_o norman_n victory_n and_o therein_o he_o offer_v his_o sword_n and_o royal_a robe_n which_o he_o wear_v the_o day_n of_o his_o coronation_n these_o the_o monk_n keep_v until_o their_o suppression_n as_o also_o a_o table_n of_o the_o norman_n gentry_n which_o enter_v with_o the_o conqueror_n but_o so_o corrupt_o in_o late_a time_n that_o they_o insert_v therein_o the_o name_n of_o such_o as_o be_v their_o benefactor_n and_o whosoever_o the_o favour_n of_o fortune_n or_o virtue_n have_v advance_v to_o any_o eminency_n in_o the_o subsequent_a age_n about_o this_o abbey_n there_o grow_v afterward_o a_o town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n or_o that_o i_o may_v use_v the_o word_n of_o the_o private_a history_n of_o this_o abbey_n as_o the_o abbey_n increase_v there_o be_v build_v about_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o same_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifteen_o house_n of_o which_o the_o town_n of_o battle_n be_v make_v wherein_o there_o be_v a_o place_n call_v by_o a_o french_a word_n sangue_fw-fr lac_fw-la of_o the_o blood_n there_o shed_v which_o by_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n seem_v after_o rain_n to_o wax_v red_a whence_o william_n newborough_n write_v although_o untrue_o thus_o the_o place_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o english_a man_n fight_v for_o their_o country_n if_o peradventure_o it_o be_v wet_a with_o any_o small_a shower_n sweat_v forth_o very_o fresh_a blood_n indeed_o as_o if_o the_o very_a evidence_n thereof_o do_v plain_o declare_v that_o the_o voice_n of_o so_o much_o christian_a blood_n there_o shed_v do_v still_o cry_v from_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o lord_n but_o to_o the_o say_a abbey_n king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n grant_v many_o and_o great_a privilege_n and_o among_o other_o to_o use_v the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o charter_n if_o any_o thief_n murderer_n or_o fellow_n for_o fear_n of_o death_n fly_v and_o come_v to_o this_o church_n let_v he_o have_v no_o harm_n but_o be_v dismiss_v and_o send_v away_o free_a from_o all_o punishment_n be_v it_o lawful_a also_o for_o the_o abbot_n of_o the_o same_o church_n to_o deliver_v from_o the_o gallows_n any_o thief_n or_o robber_n wheresoever_o if_o he_o chance_v to_o come_v by_o where_o such_o execution_n be_v in_o hand_n henry_n the_o first_o likewise_o sunday_n that_o i_o may_v rehearse_v the_o word_n of_o his_o charter_n institute_v a_o mercate_z to_o be_v there_o keep_v on_o the_o lord_n day_n free_a from_o all_o toll_n and_o tallage_n but_o sir_n anthony_n browne_n lord_n viscount_n mount-acute_a who_o not_o long_o since_o in_o that_o place_n build_v a_o goodly_a house_n obtain_v of_o late_a by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n that_o this_o mercate_z shall_v be_v hold_v upon_o another_o day_n and_o as_o for_o the_o privilege_n of_o sanctuary_n in_o those_o more_o heinous_a and_o grievous_a crime_n they_o be_v here_o and_o every_o way_n else_o by_o parliamentary_a authority_n quite_o abolish_v for_o they_o perceive_v well_o that_o the_o fear_n of_o punishment_n be_v once_o remove_v stout_a boldness_n and_o a_o will_v to_o commit_v wickedness_n grow_v still_o to_o great_a head_n and_o that_o hope_v of_o impunity_n be_v the_o great_a motive_n of_o ill-doing_n neither_o here_o or_o in_o that_o quarter_n never_o adjoin_v ashburnham_n see_v i_o any_o thing_n worth_a relation_n but_o only_a ashburnham_n that_o give_v the_o name_n to_o a_o family_n of_o as_o great_a antiquity_n as_o any_o one_o in_o all_o this_o tract_n hastings_z hastings_n which_o i_o speak_v of_o call_v in_o the_o english_a saxon_a tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v situate_a somewhat_o high_o upon_o the_o same_o shore_n some_o there_o be_v that_o ridiculous_o derive_v this_o name_n from_o out_o of_o our_o tongue_n from_o haste_n or_o quickness_n forsooth_o because_o as_o matthew_n paris_n write_v william_n conqueror_n at_o hasting_n do_v set_v up_o hasty_o a_o fortress_n of_o timber_n but_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v take_v this_o new_a name_n of_o hastings_n a_o danish_a pirate_n who_o wheresoever_o he_o land_v with_o intent_n to_o spoil_v and_o raise_v booty_n build_v oftentimes_o fortress_n as_o we_o read_v in_o asserius_fw-la menevensis_fw-la of_o boemflote_a castle_n build_v by_o he_o in_o essex_n as_o also_o of_o other_o at_o appledor_n and_o middleton_n in_o kent_n the_o tradition_n be_v that_o the_o old_a town_n of_o hastings_n be_v swallow_v up_o of_o the_o sea_n that_o which_o stand_v now_o as_o i_o observe_v be_v couch_v between_o a_o high_a cliff_n seaward_n and_o as_o high_a a_o hill_n land-ward_n have_v two_o street_n extend_v in_o length_n from_o north_n to_o south_n *_o and_o in_o each_o of_o they_o a_o parish_n church_n the_o haven_n such_o as_o it_o be_v be_v feed_v but_o with_o a_o poor_a small_a rill_n be_v at_o the_o south_n end_n of_o the_o town_n and_o have_v have_v a_o great_a castle_n upon_o the_o hill_n which_o over_o command_v it_o now_o there_o be_v only_a ruin_n thereof_o and_o on_o the_o say_a hill_n light_a house_n to_o direct_v sailor_n in_o the_o night_n time_n here_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n althelstan_n be_v a_o mint-house_n afterwards_o it_o be_v account_v the_o first_o of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n which_o with_o the_o member_n belong_v to_o it_o cinqueport_n namely_o seford_n pevensey_n hodeney_n bulverhith_n winchelsey_n rhy_z etc._n etc._n be_v bind_v to_o find_v one_o and_o twenty_o ship_n for_o war_n at_o sea_n in_o what_o manner_n and_o form_n if_o you_o desire_v to_o know_v both_o this_o port_n and_o the_o rest_n also_o be_v bind_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n at_o sea_n for_o the_o immunity_n that_o they_o enjoy_v in_o most_o ample_a manner_n have_v here_o in_o those_o very_o same_o word_n whereby_o this_o be_v in_o time_n past_o record_v in_o the_o king_n exchequer_n hastings_z with_o his_o member_n ought_v to_o find_v at_o the_o king_n summons_n one_o and_o twenty_o ship_n 1._o and_o in_o every_o ship_n there_o must_v be_v one_o and_o twenty_o tall_a and_o able_a man_n well_o arm_v and_o appoint_v for_o the_o king_n service_n yet_o so_o as_o that_o summons_n be_v make_v thereof_o on_o the_o king_n behalf_n forty_o day_n before_o and_o when_o the_o foresay_a ship_n and_o man_n therein_o be_v come_v to_o the_o place_n whereunto_o they_o be_v summon_v they_o shall_v abide_v there_o in_o the_o king_n service_n for_o fifteen_o day_n at_o their_o own_o proper_a cost_n and_o charge_n and_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v far_o need_v of_o their_o service_n after_o the_o fifteen_o day_n above_o say_v or_o will_v have_v they_o to_o stay_v there_o any_o long_o those_o ship_n with_o the_o man_n therein_o be_v while_o they_o remain_v there_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o king_n service_n at_o the_o king_n cost_n and_o charge_n so_o long_o as_o it_o shall_v please_v the_o king_n to_o wit_n the_o master_n of_o every_o ship_n shall_v receive_v six_o penny_n by_o the_o day_n the_o constable_n six_o penny_n a_o day_n and_o every_o one_o of_o the_o rest_n three_o penny_n by_o the_o day_n thus_o hastings_n flourish_v
william_n who_o enjoy_v it_o a_o short_a time_n die_v also_o without_o issue_n so_o by_o amice_fw-la the_o second_o daughter_n of_o the_o forename_a earl_n william_n marry_v to_o richard_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o hertford_n hertford_n this_o earldom_n descend_v to_o gilbert_n her_o son_n who_o be_v style_v earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o hertford_n and_o mighty_o enrich_v his_o house_n by_o marry_v one_o of_o the_o heir_n of_o william_n martial_n earl_n of_o pembroch_o his_o son_n and_o successor_n richard_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o baron_n war_n against_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o end_v his_o life_n leave_v gilbert_n his_o son_n to_o succeed_v he_o who_o powerful_o and_o prudent_o sway_v much_o in_o the_o say_a war_n as_o he_o incline_v to_o they_o or_o the_o king_n he_o obnoxious_a to_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o surrender_v his_o land_n unto_o he_o and_o receive_v they_o again_o by_o marry_v joan_n the_o king_n daughter_n surname_v of_o acre_n in_o the_o holy-land_n because_o she_o be_v there_o bear_v to_o his_o second_o wife_n who_o bear_v unto_o he_o gilbert_n clare_n last_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n of_o this_o surname_n slay_v in_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o youth_n in_o scotland_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o sterling_n in_o the_o 6._o year_n of_o k._n edward_n the_o second_o howbeit_o while_o this_o gilbert_n the_o three_o be_v in_o minority_n sir_n ralph_n the_o mont-herme_a who_o by_o a_o secret_a contract_n have_v espouse_v his_o mother_n the_o king_n daughter_n for_o which_o he_o incur_v the_o king_n high_a displeasure_n and_o a_o short_a imprisonment_n but_o after_o reconcile_a be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n by_o the_o name_n of_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o hertford_n but_o when_o gilbert_n be_v out_o of_o his_o minority_n he_o be_v summon_v among_o the_o baron_n by_o the_o name_n of_o sir_n ralph_n the_o mont-herme_a as_o long_o as_o he_o live_v which_o i_o note_v more_o willing_o for_o the_o rareness_n of_o the_o example_n edwardâ—_n after_o the_o death_n of_o gilbert_n the_o three_o without_o child_n sir_n hugh_n le_fw-fr de-spenser_n common_o name_v spenser_n the_o young_a be_v by_o writer_n call_v earl_n of_o gloucester_n because_o he_o have_v marry_v the_o elder_a sister_n of_o the_o say_v gilbert_n the_o three_o but_o after_o that_o he_o be_v by_o the_o queen_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n hang_v for_o hatred_n they_o bear_v to_o k._n edward_n the_o 2._o who_o minion_n he_o be_v sir_n hugh_n audley_n who_o have_v match_v in_o marriage_n with_o the_o second_o sister_n through_o the_o favour_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o receive_v this_o honour_n after_o his_o death_n king_n richard_n the_o second_o erect_v this_o earldom_n into_o a_o dukedom_n and_o so_o it_o have_v three_o duke_n and_o one_o earl_n between_o and_o unto_o they_o all_o it_o prove_v equus_n sejanus_n that_o be_v fatal_a to_o give_v they_o their_o fall_n thomas_n of_o woodstock_n young_a son_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o be_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n advance_v to_o that_o high_a honour_n by_o the_o say_a king_n richard_n the_o second_o and_o short_o after_o by_o he_o subvert_v for_o when_o he_o busy_o plot_v great_a matter_n the_o king_n take_v order_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v convey_v secret_o in_o all_o haste_n to_o calis_n where_o with_o a_o featherbed_n cast_v upon_o he_o he_o be_v smouther_v have_v before_o under_o his_o own_o band_n confess_v as_o it_o stand_v upon_o record_n in_o the_o parliament_n roll_v that_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o patent_n which_o he_o have_v wrest_v from_o the_o king_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o king_n regal_a authority_n that_o he_o come_v arm_v into_o the_o king_n presence_n revile_v he_o consult_v with_o learned_a about_o renounce_v his_o allegiance_n and_o devise_v to_o depose_v the_o king_n for_o which_o be_v now_o dead_a he_o be_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n attaint_v and_o condemn_v of_o high_a treason_n when_o he_o be_v thus_o dispatch_v the_o same_o king_n confer_v the_o title_n of_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n upon_o thomas_n le_fw-fr de-spenser_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o great_a grandmother_n who_o within_o a_o while_n after_o speed_v no_o better_a than_o his_o great_a grandfather_n sir_n hugh_n for_o by_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o he_o be_v violent_o displace_v shameful_o degrade_v and_o at_o briston_n by_o the_o people_n fury_n behead_v after_o some_o year_n king_n henry_n the_o five_o create_v his_o brother_n humphrey_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n who_o style_v himself_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o as_o i_o have_v see_v in_o a_o instrument_n of_o he_o humphrey_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n son_n brother_n and_o uncle_n to_o king_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n earl_n of_o henault_n holland_n zealand_n and_o penbroch_o lord_n of_o friesland_n great_a chamberlain_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n protector_n and_o defender_n of_o the_o same_o kingdom_n and_o church_n of_o england_n a_o man_n that_o have_v right_o well_o deserve_v of_o the_o common_a wealth_n and_o of_o learning_n but_o through_o the_o fraudulent_a practice_n and_o malignant_a envy_n of_o the_o queen_n bring_v to_o his_o end_n at_o saint_n edmunds_n bury_n the_o three_o and_o last_o duke_n be_v richard_n brother_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o who_o afterward_o have_v most_o wicked_o murder_v his_o nephew_n usurp_v the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o name_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o three_o and_o after_o two_o year_n lose_v both_o it_o and_o his_o life_n in_o a_o pitch_a field_n find_v by_o experience_n that_o power_n get_v by_o wicked_a mean_n be_v never_o long_o last_v concern_v this_o last_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n england_n and_o his_o first_o entry_n to_o the_o crown_n give_v i_o leave_v for_o a_o while_n to_o play_v the_o part_n of_o a_o historiographer_n which_o i_o will_v speedy_o give_v over_o again_o as_o not_o well_o able_a to_o act_v it_o when_o this_o richard_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n be_v now_o proclaim_v protector_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v under_o his_o command_n his_o tender_a two_o nephew_n edward_n the_o five_o king_n of_o england_n and_o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n he_o retrive_v after_o the_o kingdom_n for_o himself_o by_o profuse_a liberality_n and_o bounty_n to_o very_o many_o by_o pass_v great_a gravity_n temper_v with_o singular_a affability_n by_o deep_a wisdom_n by_o minister_a justice_n indifferent_o and_o by_o close_a devise_n win_v whole_o to_o he_o all_o man_n heart_n but_o the_o lawyer_n especial_o to_o serve_v his_o turn_n so_o short_o he_o effect_v that_o in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o state_n of_o the_o realm_n there_o shall_v be_v exhibit_v unto_o he_o a_o supplication_n wherein_o they_o most_o earnest_o beseech_v he_o for_o the_o public_a weal_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o crown_n to_o uphold_v his_o country_n and_o the_o commonweal_n now_o shrink_v and_o down_o fall_v not_o to_o suffer_v it_o to_o run_v headlong_o into_o utter_a desolation_n by_o reason_n that_o both_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o positive_a law_n and_o the_o laudable_a custom_n and_o liberty_n of_o england_n wherein_o every_o englishman_n be_v a_o inheritor_n be_v subvert_v and_o trample_v under_o foot_n through_o civil_a war_n rapine_n murder_n extortion_n oppression_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o misery_n but_o especial_o ever_o since_o that_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o his_o brother_n bewitch_v by_o sorcery_n and_o amorous_a potion_n fall_v in_o fancy_n with_o dame_n elizabeth_n greie_n widow_n who_o he_o marry_v without_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o noble_n without_o solemn_a publication_n of_o bane_n secret_o in_o a_o profane_a place_n and_o not_o in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o church_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n church_n and_o commendable_a custom_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o which_o be_v worse_o have_v before_o time_n by_o a_o precontract_n espouse_a dame_n aeleanor_n butler_n sudley_n daughter_n to_o the_o old_a earl_n of_o shrewsburie_n whereby_o most_o sure_o and_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o foresay_a matrimony_n be_v unlawful_a and_o therewith_o the_o child_n of_o they_o beget_v illegitimate_a and_o so_o unable_a to_o inherit_v or_o claim_v the_o crown_n moreover_o consider_v that_o george_n duke_n of_o clarence_n the_o second_o brother_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o be_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n convict_v and_o attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n thereupon_o his_o child_n disable_v and_o debar_v from_o all_o right_a succession_n evident_a it_o be_v to_o every_o man_n that_o richard_n himself_o remain_v the_o sole_a and_o undoubted_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o who_o they_o assure_v themselves_o that_o be_v bear_v in_o england_n he_o will_v serious_o provide_v for_o the_o good_a of_o england_n neither_o can_v they_o make_v any_o doubt_n of_o his_o
cruelty_n for_o that_o some_o of_o his_o follower_n be_v slay_v there_o in_o a_o fray_n that_o there_o follow_v thereupon_o a_o most_o heavy_a banishment_n of_o the_o student_n and_o the_o university_n a_o sorrowful_a spectacle_n lie_v as_o it_o be_v half_o dead_a and_o past_a all_o recovery_n until_o the_o day_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n who_o some_o write_v false_o to_o have_v win_v it_o by_o assault_n but_o oxonia_n write_v amiss_o in_o the_o copy_n for_o exonia_n that_o be_v excester_n deceive_v they_o and_o that_o it_o be_v at_o that_o time_n a_o place_n of_o study_n and_o student_n may_v be_v understand_v out_o of_o these_o word_n of_o ingulph_n who_o in_o that_o age_n flourish_v ay_o ingulph_n say_v he_o being_n first_o place_v in_o westminster_n and_o afterward_o send_v to_o the_o university_n study_n of_o oxford_n when_o as_o in_o learning_n of_o aristotle_n i_o have_v profit_v above_o my_o fellow_n of_o the_o same_o time_n etc._n etc._n for_o those_o school_n of_o learning_n which_o we_o call_v academy_n or_o university_n that_o age_n term_v studia_fw-la that_o be_v study_n as_o i_o will_v show_v anon_o but_o at_o this_o very_a time_n it_o be_v so_o empoverish_v that_o whereas_o within_o the_o wall_n and_o without_o i_o speak_v out_o of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n his_o domesday_n book_n there_o be_v about_o seven_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o house_n beside_o four_o and_o twenty_o mansion_n upon_o the_o wall_n five_o hundred_o of_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o pay_v their_o subsidy_n or_o imposition_n and_o to_o use_v the_o very_a word_n of_o that_o book_n this_o city_n pay_v pro_fw-la tribute_n theloneo_fw-la et_fw-la gablo_fw-mi and_o for_o other_o custom_n by_o the_o year_n to_o the_o king_n twenty_o pound_n and_o six_o quart_n of_o honey_n and_o unto_o earl_n algar_n ten_o pound_n about_o this_o time_n robert_n d'oy_o a_o noble_a man_n of_o normandy_n of_o who_o i_o have_v before_o speak_v when_o he_o have_v receive_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n in_o reward_n of_o his_o service_n in_o the_o war_n large_a possession_n in_o this_o shire_n build_v a_o spacious_a castle_n in_o the_o west_n side_n of_o the_o city_n with_o deep_a ditch_n rampire_n a_o high_a raise_v mount_n and_o therein_o a_o parish_n church_n to_o saint_n george_n unto_o which_o when_o as_o the_o parishioner_n can_v not_o have_v access_n by_o reason_n that_o king_n stephen_n most_o straight_o besiege_v maude_n the_o empress_n within_o this_o castle_n 1074._o saint_n thomas_n chapel_n in_o the_o street_n hard_o by_o be_v build_v he_o also_o abbey_n as_o it_o be_v think_v fortify_v the_o whole_a city_n with_o new_a wall_n which_o by_o little_a and_o little_a time_n do_v force_n and_o as_o it_o be_v embreach_n with_o his_o assault_n robert_n likewise_o nephew_n unto_o he_o by_o his_o brother_n neale_n and_o chamberlain_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o found_v ousney_n or_o osney_n osney_n a_o most_o stately_a abbey_n as_o the_o ruin_n do_v yet_o show_v amid_o the_o divide_a water_n 1129._o not_o far_o from_o the_o castle_n persuade_v thereto_o by_o edith_n his_o wife_n the_o daughter_n of_o forne_o who_o before_o time_n have_v be_v one_o of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o his_o sweet_a heart_n and_o lig-bies_a about_o those_o time_n as_o we_o read_v in_o the_o chronicle_n of_o the_o say_v osney_n abbey_n robert_n pulein_n begin_v to_o read_v in_o oxford_n the_o holy_a scripture_n in_o england_n now_o grow_v out_o of_o request_n who_o afterward_o when_o as_o by_o his_o doctrine_n the_o english_a and_o frenchman_n both_o have_v much_o profit_v be_v call_v by_o pope_n lucius_n the_o second_o and_o promote_v to_o be_v chancellor_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n also_o write_v john_n rosse_n of_o warwick_n by_o the_o procurement_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o the_o divinity_z lecture_n which_o have_v discontinue_v a_o long_a time_n in_o oxford_n begin_v again_o to_o flourish_v and_o there_o he_o build_v a_o palace_n which_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o at_o length_n convert_v into_o a_o covent_n of_o carmelits_n but_o long_o before_o this_o time_n in_o this_o palace_n be_v bear_v into_o the_o world_n that_o lion-hearted_n knight_n lion_n richard_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n common_o call_v ceeur_fw-fr de_fw-fr lion_n a_o prince_n of_o a_o most_o haughty_a mind_n and_o full_a of_o resolution_n bear_v for_o the_o weal_n of_o christendom_n the_o honour_n of_o england_n and_o the_o terror_n of_o infidel_n upon_o who_o death_n a_o poet_n in_o that_o age_n of_o no_o mean_a conceit_n versify_v thus_o for_o that_o his_o remain_v be_v inter_v in_o diverse_a place_n viscera_n carcelorum_fw-la corpus_fw-la fons_n seruat_fw-la ebrardi_n et_fw-la cor_fw-la rhothomagum_fw-la magne_n richard_n tuum_fw-la in_o tria_fw-la dividitur_fw-la unus_fw-la qui_fw-la plus_fw-la fuit_fw-la uno_fw-la nec_fw-la superest_fw-la uno_fw-la gloria_fw-la tanta_fw-la viro_fw-la hîc_fw-la richard_n jaces_fw-la sed_fw-la mors_fw-la si_fw-la cederet_fw-la armis_fw-la victa_fw-la timore_fw-la tui_fw-la cederet_fw-la ipsa_fw-la tuis_fw-la thy_o bowel_n keep_v his_o carceolum_n thy_o corpse_n font_n everard_n and_o rouen_n thy_o valiant_a lion_n heart_n o_o noble_a great_a richard_n thus_o one_o three_o fold_v divide_v be_v for_o more_o he_o be_v then_o one_o and_o for_o that_o one_o so_o great_a he_o be_v such_o glory_n be_v in_o none_o here_o lie_v thou_o richard_n but_o if_o death_n to_o force_v of_o arm_n can_v yield_v for_o fear_v of_o thou_o he_o will_v to_o thou_o have_v give_v as_o lose_v the_o field_n thus_o after_o the_o city_n be_v refresh_v again_o with_o these_o building_n many_o begin_v to_o flock_v hither_o as_o it_o be_v to_o a_o mart_n of_o learning_n and_o virtue_n and_o by_o the_o industrious_a mean_n especial_o of_o that_o robert_n pulein_n a_o man_n bear_v to_o promote_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o learning_n who_o refuse_v no_o pain_n but_o labour_v all_o that_o he_o can_v to_o set_v open_a again_o those_o well_o spring_v of_o good_a literature_n which_o have_v be_v stop_v up_o through_o the_o favour_n especial_o of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o king_n richard_n his_o son_n of_o who_o i_o speak_v ere_o while_n and_o these_o endeavour_n of_o pulein_n speed_v so_o well_o and_o take_v so_o good_a effect_n that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n there_o be_v here_o three_o thousand_o student_n who_o all_o at_o once_o every_o one_o change_v their_o habitation_n to_o reding_n and_o partly_o to_o cambridge_n because_o the_o citizen_n seem_v to_o wrong_v and_o abuse_v overmuch_o these_o student_n and_o professor_n of_o learning_n but_o after_o this_o tumult_n be_v appease_v they_o return_v within_o a_o short_a time_n then_o and_o in_o the_o age_n present_o ensue_v as_o god_n provide_v this_o city_n for_o good_a learning_n so_o he_o raise_v up_o a_o number_n of_o very_o good_a prince_n and_o prelate_n to_o the_o good_a thereof_o who_o for_o the_o adorn_v and_o maintenance_n of_o learning_n extend_v their_o liberality_n in_o the_o high_a degree_n for_o when_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o have_v by_o way_n of_o pilgrimage_n visit_v saint_n frideswide_a a_o thing_n beforetime_n think_v to_o be_v a_o heinous_a offence_n in_o a_o prince_n for_o the_o dishonour_n offer_v to_o she_o by_o algar_n a_o prince_n and_o so_o remove_v that_o superstitious_a fear_n wherewith_o some_o superstitious_a priest_n have_v for_o a_o time_n fright_a prince_n from_o once_o come_v to_o oxford_n and_o have_v assemble_v here_o a_o very_a great_a parliament_n for_o the_o compose_n of_o certain_a controversy_n between_o he_o and_o the_o baron_n he_o confirm_v the_o privilege_n grant_v by_o the_o former_a king_n and_o confer_v also_o some_o other_o himself_o so_o that_o by_o this_o time_n there_o be_v so_o great_a store_n of_o learned_a man_n that_o divers_a most_o skilful_a in_o divinity_n as_o well_o as_o in_o humanity_n be_v in_o great_a number_n spread_v from_o thence_o both_o into_o the_o church_n and_o commonwealth_n and_o matthew_n paris_n in_o plain_a term_n call_v the_o university_n of_o oxford_n the_o second_o school_n of_o the_o church_n nay_o rather_o a_o ground_n work_n of_o the_o church_n next_o after_o paris_n for_o with_o the_o name_n of_o university_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n have_v before_o time_n honour_v oxford_n which_o title_n at_o that_o time_n by_o their_o decree_n they_o vouchsafe_v to_o none_o but_o unto_o that_o of_o paris_n this_o of_o oxford_n unto_o bononia_n in_o italy_n and_o salamanca_n in_o spain_n and_o in_o the_o council_n of_o vienna_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v erect_v school_n for_o the_o hebrew_n greek_a arabic_a and_o chaldaean_a tongue_n in_o the_o study_n of_o paris_n oxford_n bononie_n and_o quinto_fw-la salamanca_n as_o the_o most_o famous_a of_o all_o other_o to_o the_o end_n
which_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o when_o he_o have_v expel_v thence_o the_o monk_n alien_n build_v for_o religious_a virgin_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o our_o saviour_n the_o virgin_n mary_n and_o saint_n bridget_n of_o zion_n like_a as_o he_o found_v another_o on_o the_o river_n side_n over_o against_o it_o for_o the_o carthusian_n monk_n name_v jesus_n of_o bethelem_n in_o this_o zion_n he_o appoint_v to_o the_o glory_n of_o god_n so_o many_o nun_n priest_n and_o lay_v brethren_n divide_v a_o part_n within_o their_o several_a wall_n as_o be_v in_o number_n equal_a to_o christ_n his_o apostle_n and_o disciple_n upon_o who_o when_o he_o have_v bestow_v sufficient_a live_n he_o provide_v by_o a_o law_n that_o content_v themselves_o therewith_o they_o shall_v take_v no_o more_o of_o any_o man_n but_o what_o overplus_n soever_o remain_v of_o their_o yearly_a revenue_n they_o shall_v bestow_v it_o upon_o the_o poor_a but_o after_o that_o in_o our_o forefather_n time_n those_o religious_a votary_n be_v cast_v out_o and_o it_o become_v a_o retire_a house_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o somerset_n who_o pluck_v down_o the_o church_n and_o there_o begin_v a_o new_a house_n under_o this_o the_o small_a water_n brent_n issue_v into_o the_o tamis_n which_o spring_v out_o of_o a_o pond_n vulgar_o call_v brounswell_a for_o brentwell_n that_o be_v in_o old_a english_a frog-well_a pass_v down_o between_o hendon_n which_o archbishop_n dunstan_n bear_v for_o the_o advancement_n of_o monk_n purchase_v for_o some_o few_o gold_n bizantines_n ancient_o which_o be_v imperial_a piece_n of_o gold_n coin_v at_o byzantium_n or_o constantinople_n and_o give_v to_o the_o monk_n of_o saint_n peter_n of_o westminster_n and_o hamsted-hil_n from_o whence_o you_o have_v a_o most_o pleasant_a prospect_n to_o the_o most_o beautiful_a city_n of_o london_n and_o the_o lovely_a country_n about_o it_o over_o which_o the_o ancient_a roman_a military_a way_n lead_v to_o verulam_n or_o saint_n alban_n by_o edge-worth_n and_o not_o by_o highgate_n as_o now_o which_o new_a way_n be_v open_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o london_n about_o some_o 300._o year_n since_o but_o to_o return_v brent_n into_o who_o all_o the_o small_a rillet_n of_o these_o part_n resort_v run_v on_o by_o brentstreat_n a_o hamlet_n to_o who_o it_o impart_v his_o name_n water_v hanger-wood_n hanwell_n oisterly_a park_n where_o sir_n thomas_n gresham_n build_v a_o fair_a large_a house_n and_o so_o near_o his_o fall_n into_o the_o tamis_n give_v name_n to_o brentford_n a_o fair_a throughfaire_n and_o frequent_a mercat_n near_o which_o in_o the_o year_n 1116._o king_n edmond_n surname_v ironside_n so_o fierce_o charge_v upon_o the_o dane_n who_o he_o compel_v by_o force_n to_o retire_v from_o the_o siege_n of_o london_n that_o as_o fast_o as_o their_o horse_n can_v make_v way_n they_o flee_v not_o without_o their_o great_a loss_n from_o stanes_n hitherto_o all_o that_o lie_v between_o london_n highway_n which_o go_v through_o hounslow_n and_o the_o tamis_n be_v call_v the_o forest_n or_o warren_n of_o stanes_n until_o that_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o as_o in_o his_o charter_n we_o read_v disforre_v and_o diswaren_v it_o fulham_n then_o by_o the_o tamis_n side_n be_v fulham_n in_o the_o english_a saxon_a tongue_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o place_n of_o fowl_n the_o great_a credit_n and_o honour_n whereof_o be_v the_o bishop_n of_o london_n house_n stand_v there_o convenient_o not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n albeit_o not_o so_o healthful_o shelfâ—ey_n also_o chelsey_n so_o name_v of_o a_o shelf_n of_o sand_n in_o the_o river_n tamis_n as_o some_o suppose_v but_o in_o record_n it_o be_v name_v chelche-hith_n a_o place_n garnish_v with_o fair_a and_o stately_a house_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o by_o william_n powlet_n the_o first_o marquesse_n of_o winchester_n and_o by_o other_o but_o london_n london_n the_o epitome_n or_o breviary_n of_o all_o britain_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n chamber_n so_o much_o overtop_v all_o these_o as_o according_a to_o the_o poet_n inter_fw-la viburna_fw-la cupressâ—s_fw-la that_o be_v the_o cypresse-tree_n among_o the_o viorne_n tacitus_n ptolomee_o and_o antonine_n call_v it_o londinium_n and_o longidinium_n ammianus_n lundinum_n and_o augusta_n stephen_n in_o his_o city_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d our_o britan_n lundayn_n the_o old_a saxon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d stranger_n londra_n and_o londres_n the_o inhabitant_n london_n fabulous_a writer_n troja_n nova_fw-la that_o be_v new_a troy_n dinas_n belin_n that_o be_v belin_n city_n and_o caer_n lud_n of_o king_n lud_n who_o they_o write_v to_o have_v re-edify_v it_o and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n but_o these_o few_o name_n and_o original_a derivation_n together_o with_o erasmus_n his_o conjecture_n who_o derive_v it_o from_o lindum_n a_o city_n in_o the_o isle_n rhodes_n i_o willing_o leave_v to_o such_o as_o well_o like_o it_o for_o i_o own_o part_n see_v that_o caesar_n and_o strabo_n do_v write_v that_o the_o ancient_a britain_n call_v those_o wood_n and_o grove_n by_o the_o name_n of_o city_n and_o town_n which_o they_o have_v fence_v with_o tree_n cast_v down_o and_o plash_v to_o stop_v up_o all_o passage_n see_v also_o i_o have_v understand_v that_o such_o wood_n or_o grove_n be_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n name_v llâ—wn_v towneâ—_n i_o incline_v a_o little_a to_o the_o opinion_n that_o london_n thence_o take_v name_n as_o one_o will_v say_v by_o way_n of_o excellency_n the_o city_n or_o a_o city_n thick_a of_o tree_n but_o if_o herein_o i_o fail_v of_o the_o truth_n let_v i_o with_o good_a leave_n give_v my_o conjecture_n and_o here_o will_v i_o have_v no_o man_n to_o charge_v i_o with_o inconstancy_n while_o i_o disport_v in_o conjecture_n that_o whence_o it_o have_v the_o fame_n thence_o also_o it_o take_v the_o name_n even_o from_o ship_n which_o the_o britain_n in_o their_o language_n call_v lhong_n so_o that_o londinum_n may_v seem_v to_o sound_a as_o much_o as_o a_o ship-rode_a or_o city_n of_o ship_n for_o the_o britain_n term_n a_o city_n dinas_n whence_o the_o latin_n have_v fetch_v their_o dinum_n dinas_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v call_v longidinium_n and_o in_o the_o funeral_n song_n or_o dump_n of_o a_o most_o ancient_a british_a poet._n bard_n lhong-porth_a that_o be_v a_o harbour_n or_o haven_n of_o ship_n and_o by_o this_o very_a term_n bononia_n or_o bolen_n in_o france_n which_o ptolomee_n call_v gessoriacum_n navale_fw-mi in_o the_o british_a glossarie_n be_v name_v bolung-long_a for_o many_o city_n have_v draw_v their_o name_n from_o ship_n as_o naupactus_n naustathmos_n nauplia_n navalia_n augusti_n etc._n etc._n but_o of_o these_o none_o have_v better_a right_o to_o assume_v unto_o it_o the_o name_n of_o a_o ship-rode_a or_o haven_n than_o our_o london_n for_o in_o regard_n of_o both_o element_n most_o bless_v and_o happy_a it_o be_v as_o be_v situate_a in_o a_o rich_a and_o fertile_a soil_n abound_v with_o plentiful_a store_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o on_o the_o gentle_a ascent_n and_o rise_n of_o a_o hill_n hard_o by_o the_o tamis_n side_n the_o most_o mild_a merchant_n as_o one_o will_v say_v of_o all_o thing_n that_o the_o world_n do_v yield_v which_o swell_v at_o certain_a set_v hour_n with_o the_o ocean-tide_n by_o his_o safe_a and_o deep_a channel_n able_a to_o entertain_v the_o great_a ship_n that_o be_v daily_o bring_v in_o so_o great_a riches_n from_o all_o part_n that_o it_o strive_v at_o this_o day_n with_o the_o mart-towne_n of_o christendom_n for_o the_o second_o prize_n and_o afford_v a_o most_o sure_a and_o beautiful_a road_n for_o ship_v a_o man_n will_v say_v that_o see_v the_o ship_n there_o that_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o very_a wood_n of_o tree_n disbranch_a to_o make_v glade_n and_o let_v in_o light_n so_o shade_v it_o be_v with_o mast_n and_o sail_n who_o be_v the_o first_o founder_n be_v by_o long_a time_n grow_v out_o of_o knowledge_n and_o in_o truth_n very_o few_o city_n there_o be_v that_o know_v their_o own_o first_o founder_n consider_v they_o grow_v up_o to_o their_o greatness_n by_o little_a and_o little_a but_o as_o other_o city_n so_o this_o of_o we_o father_v her_o original_n upon_o the_o trojane_n as_o very_o believe_v that_o brutus_n the_o nephew_n in_o the_o three_o descent_n of_o great_a aeneas_n be_v the_o builder_n thereof_o but_o whosoever_o found_v it_o the_o happy_a and_o fortunate_a estate_n thereof_o have_v give_v good_a proof_n that_o build_v it_o be_v in_o a_o good_a hour_n and_o mark_v for_o life_n and_o long_a continuance_n and_o that_o it_o be_v for_o antiquity_n honourable_a ammianus_n marcellinus_n give_v we_o to_o understand_v who_o call_v it_o in_o his_o time_n and_o that_o be_v 1200._o year_n
paint_a window_n ask_v they_o what_o be_v latin_n for_o a_o fetter-locke_a they_o studying_z and_o look_v silent_o one_o upon_o another_o not_o able_a to_o answer_v if_o you_o can_v tell_v i_o say_v he_o i_o will_v tell_v you_o hic_fw-la haec_fw-la hoc_fw-la taceatis_fw-la that_o be_v hic_fw-la haec_fw-la hoc_fw-la be_v silent_a and_o quiet_a and_o therewithal_o add_v god_n know_v what_o may_v happen_v hereafter_o this_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o his_o great_a grandchild_n report_v public_o when_o he_o have_v attain_v the_o crown_n create_v richard_n his_o young_a son_n duke_n of_o york_n and_o then_o command_a that_o he_o shall_v use_v for_o his_o badge_n the_o fetter-locke_a open_a to_o verify_v the_o presage_n of_o his_o great_a grandfather_n but_o this_o by_o the_o way_n the_o say_v cecily_n mother_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o see_v plain_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o few_o year_n what_o disport_n unruly_a and_o powerful_a fortune_n pardon_v the_o word_n for_o i_o acknowledge_v that_o god_n rule_v all_o make_v herself_o out_o of_o the_o misery_n of_o the_o mighty_a for_o she_o see_v richard_n duke_n of_o york_n her_o husband_n even_o then_o when_o he_o think_v himself_o sure_a of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o her_o son_n the_o earl_n of_o rutland_n slay_v together_o in_o a_o bloody_a fight_v field_n and_o some_o few_o year_n after_o her_o elder_a son_n edward_n the_o four_o enjoy_v the_o regal_a crown_n deprive_v of_o the_o same_o recover_v it_o again_o and_o take_v away_o by_o untimely_a death_n when_o he_o have_v before_o make_v away_o her_o second_o son_n and_o his_o own_o brother_n george_n duke_n of_o clarence_n after_o that_o she_o see_v she_o other_o son_n richard_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o make_v way_n to_o it_o by_o that_o lamentable_a murder_n of_o his_o nephew_n and_o slander_v of_o she_o his_o own_o mother_n for_o he_o charge_v she_o open_o with_o the_o great_a dishonour_n incident_a to_o a_o lady_n and_o afterward_o she_o see_v he_o when_o he_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o kingdom_n within_o a_o while_n slay_v in_o battle_n and_o these_o her_o misery_n be_v so_o link_v together_o that_o the_o long_o she_o live_v the_o great_a sorrow_n she_o feel_v and_o every_o day_n be_v more_o doleful_a than_o other_o as_o for_o that_o disaster_n which_o even_o here_o befall_v unto_o another_o most_o mighty_a prince_n mary_n queen_n of_o scot_n i_o have_v leifer_n it_o shall_v be_v enwrap_v up_o in_o silence_n than_o once_o speak_v of_o let_v it_o be_v forget_v quite_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a if_o not_o yet_o be_v it_o hide_v as_o it_o may_v in_o silence_n under_o the_o best_a prince_n some_o there_o be_v who_o be_v once_o arm_v with_o authority_n know_v how_o by_o secret_a slight_n to_o set_v a_o goodly_a show_n and_o fair_a pretence_n of_o conscience_n and_o religion_n thereby_o to_o cloak_v their_o own_o private_a design_n and_o there_o be_v again_o that_o sincere_o and_o from_o the_o heart_n tender_v true_a religion_n their_o prince_n security_n yea_o and_o which_o be_v the_o high_a rule_n and_o law_n of_o all_o the_o public_a safety_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o even_o the_o best_a prince_n themselves_o be_v otherwhiles_o violent_o carry_v away_o as_o good_a pilot_n with_o tempest_n against_o their_o will_n whither_o they_o will_v not_o but_o what_o they_o do_v as_o prince_n and_o king_n let_v we_o leave_v to_o god_n who_o only_o have_v power_n over_o king_n nen_n be_v now_o come_v unto_o the_o skirt_n of_o huntingdon-shire_n run_v under_o a_o fair_a stone_n bridge_n at_o walmesford_n durobrivae_n pass_v by_o durobrivae_n a_o right_a ancient_a city_n which_o be_v call_v in_o the_o english_a saxon_a tongue_n dormancester_n as_o i_o say_v before_o take_v up_o a_o great_a space_n of_o ground_n on_o both_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n in_o both_o county_n for_o caster_n the_o little_a village_n caster_n which_o stand_v a_o mile_n off_o from_o the_o river_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v be_v a_o part_n of_o it_o by_o the_o pavement_n there_o find_v wrought_a chequer_n wise_a with_o small_a square_a quarrel_n although_o on_o the_o church_n wall_n we_o read_v this_o inscription_n bear_v date_n of_o a_o late_a time_n xv._n kl_n maii_n dedicatio_fw-la huius_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la mcxxiiii_o the_o fifteen_o day_n before_o the_o kalend_n of_o may_v in_o the_o year_n one_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o twenty_o four_o waspe_n the_o dedication_n of_o this_o church_n and_o doubtless_o of_o great_a name_n and_o note_v it_o be_v for_o in_o the_o corn_n field_n adjoin_v which_o in_o stead_n of_o dormanton_n they_o call_v normanton_n field_n so_o many_o piece_n of_o roman_a coin_n be_v turn_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n that_o a_o man_n will_v very_o think_v they_o have_v be_v sow_v there_o and_o two_o rode-waye_n whereof_o the_o causey_n be_v yet_o evident_a to_o be_v see_v go_v from_o hence_o the_o one_o call_v forty-foot-way_n because_o it_o be_v forty_o foot_n broad_a unto_o stanford_n the_o other_o name_v long-ditch_n and_o high-streat_n by_o lollham-bridge_n lollham-bridge_n bridge_n i_o assure_v you_o of_o great_a antiquity_n whereof_o eleven_o arch_n be_v in_o sight_n now_o chink_a and_o chaw_v for_o age_n through_o west_n deeping_n into_o lincolnshire_n at_o the_o very_a division_n and_o part_n of_o these_o two_o port-way_n stand_v upton_n high_o situate_a upton_n whereupon_o it_o take_v also_o that_o name_n where_o sir_n robert_n wingfield_n knight_n descend_v from_o that_o ancient_a family_n of_o the_o wingfield_n which_o have_v bring_v forth_o so_o many_o worshipful_a and_o worthy_a knight_n have_v a_o fair_a house_n with_o most_o lovely_a walk_n peterborough_n from_o durobrivae_n the_o river_n aufon_n or_o nen_n pass_v on_o to_o peterburgh_n seat_v in_o the_o very_a angle_n or_o nouke_v of_o this_o shire_n where_o writer_n report_v there_o have_v be_v a_o gulf_n or_o whirlpole_n in_o the_o river_n of_o exceed_v great_a depth_n call_v medeswell_n and_o a_o town_n hard_a by_o it_o name_v thereupon_o medeswelhamsted_n and_o medeshamsted_n which_o town_n as_o we_o read_v in_o robert_n de_fw-fr swapham_n be_v build_v in_o a_o excellent_a fine_a place_n have_v of_o the_o one_o side_n fen_n and_o pass_v good_a water_n and_o of_o the_o other_o many_o goodly_a wood_n meadow_n and_o pasture_n fair_a and_o beautiful_a to_o the_o eye_n every_o way_n and_o not_o accessable_a by_o land_n save_o only_a on_o the_o west_n side_n the_o river_n nen_n run_v by_o at_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o burrow_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o which_o river_n there_o be_v a_o place_n as_o it_o be_v a_o gulf_n so_o deep_a and_o cold_a withal_o that_o even_o in_o summer_n no_o swimmer_n be_v able_a to_o duck_v or_o dive_v unto_o the_o bothom_n yet_o be_v it_o never_o for_o all_o that_o freeze_v over_o in_o winter_n for_o there_o be_v a_o spring_n there_o whence_o the_o water_n well_v out_o this_o place_n they_o call_v in_o old_a time_n meddeswell_n until_o that_o wolpher_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n build_v there_o a_o monastery_n in_o honour_n of_o saint_n peter_n and_o see_v the_o place_n be_v all_o a_o marish_a ground_n he_o lay_v the_o foundation_n as_o that_o robert_n write_v with_o mighty_a huge_a stone_n such_o as_o eight_o yoke_n of_o ox_n will_v hardly_o draw_v one_o of_o they_o which_o i_o see_v with_o my_o own_o eye_n say_v he_o when_o this_o monastery_n be_v destroy_v afterwards_o of_o this_o monastery_n dedicate_v to_o saint_n peter_n it_o begin_v to_o be_v call_v petriburgus_n or_o petropolis_n that_o be_v peterborow_n or_o burgh_n and_o the_o say_a monastery_n be_v very_o famous_a and_o renown_a the_o original_a occasion_n and_o the_o building_n whereof_o i_o have_v think_v it_o worth_a my_o labour_n brief_o to_o put_v down_o out_o of_o the_o say_v robert_n de_fw-fr swapham_n a_o writer_n of_o good_a antiquity_n peada_n the_o son_n of_o penda_n who_o be_v the_o first_o christian_a king_n of_o the_o mercian_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 546._o for_o the_o propagation_n of_o christian_a religion_n lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o monastery_n at_o medeshamsted_n in_o the_o girvians_n or_o fen-country_n which_o he_o can_v not_o finish_v for_o that_o by_o the_o wicked_a practice_n of_o his_o mother_n he_o be_v make_v away_o after_o peada_n succeed_v his_o brother_n wolpher_n who_o be_v most_o averse_a from_o christian_a religion_n murder_v wolphald_v and_o rufin_n his_o own_o son_n with_o cruel_a and_o barbarous_a immanitie_n because_o they_o have_v devote_v themselves_o unto_o christ_n and_o embrace_v his_o religion_n but_o himself_o some_o few_o year_n after_o embrace_v christian_a religion_n for_o to_o expiate_v and_o wash_v away_o the_o stain_n of_o that_o his_o impiety_n with_o some_o good_a and_o godly_a work_n set_v in_o hand_n to_o build_v up_o this_o monastery_n
place_n at_o this_o day_n be_v call_v buxton_n well_o which_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n wholesome_a for_o the_o stomach_n sinew_n and_o the_o whole_a body_n george_z earl_n of_o shrewesbury_n late_o beautify_v with_o building_n and_o so_o they_o be_v begin_v again_o to_o be_v resort_v unto_o by_o concourse_n of_o the_o great_a gentleman_n and_o of_o the_o nobility_n at_o which_o time_n that_o most_o unfortunate_a lady_n mary_n queen_n of_o scot_n bad_a farewell_n unto_o buxton_n with_o this_o distichon_fw-la by_o a_o little_a change_n of_o caesar_n verse_n concern_v feltria_n in_o this_o wise_a buxtona_n a_o quae_fw-la calidae_fw-la celebrabere_fw-la nomine_fw-la lymphae_fw-la fortè_fw-la mihi_fw-la posthac_fw-la non_fw-la adeunda_fw-la vale_n buxton_n that_o of_o great_a name_n shall_v be_v for_o hot_a and_o wholesome_a bane_n farewell_o for_o i_o perhaps_o shall_v not_o thou_o ever_o see_v again_o but_o that_o these_o hot_a water_n be_v know_v in_o old_a time_n the_o port-way_n or_o high_a pave_a street_n name_v bath-gate_n reach_v for_o seven_o mile_n together_o from_o hence_o unto_o burgh_n a_o little_a village_n do_v manifest_o show_v near_o unto_o this_o burgh_n there_o stand_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n a_o old_a castle_n sometime_o belong_v to_o the_o peverels_n call_v the_o castle_n in_o the_o peake_n 3._o and_o in_o latin_a de_fw-fr alto_n pecco_n which_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o together_o with_o a_o manor_n and_o a_o honour_n give_v unto_o his_o son_n john_n duke_n of_o lancaster_n what_o time_n as_o he_o surrender_v the_o earldom_n of_o richmond_n into_o the_o king_n hand_n under_o which_o there_o be_v a_o cave_n or_o hole_n within_o the_o ground_n call_v save_v your_o reverence_n the_o devil_n arse_n peake_n that_o gape_v with_o a_o wide_a mouth_n and_o have_v in_o it_o many_o turn_n and_o retire_a room_n wherein_o forsooth_o gervase_n of_o tilbury_n whether_o for_o wane_n of_o know_v truth_n or_o upon_o a_o delight_n he_o have_v in_o fable_a have_v write_v that_o a_o shepherd_n see_v a_o very_a wide_a and_o large_a country_n with_o riveret_n and_o brook_n run_v here_o and_o there_o through_o it_o and_o huge_a pool_n of_o dead_a and_o stand_a water_n notwithstanding_o by_o reason_n of_o these_o and_o such_o like_a fable_n this_o hole_n be_v reckon_v for_o one_o of_o the_o wonder_n of_o england_n neither_o be_v there_o want_v the_o like_a tale_n of_o another_o cave_n but_o especial_o of_o that_o which_o be_v call_v elden_n hole_n hole_n wherein_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o but_o that_o it_o be_v of_o a_o huge_a wideness_n exceed_v steep_a and_o of_o a_o marvelous_a depth_n but_o whosoever_o have_v write_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v certain_a tunnel_n and_o breathe_a hole_n out_o of_o which_o wind_n do_v issue_n they_o be_v much_o deceive_v neither_o do_v these_o verse_n of_o alexander_n necham_n which_o he_o write_v as_o touch_v the_o marvel_n of_o england_n agree_v to_o any_o of_o these_o two_o hole_n est_fw-la specus_fw-la aeolijs_fw-la ventis_fw-la obnoxia_fw-la semper_fw-la impetus_fw-la è_fw-la gemino_fw-la maximus_fw-la ore_fw-la venit_fw-la cogitur_fw-la injectum_fw-la velamen_fw-la adire_fw-la supernas_fw-la part_n descensum_fw-la impedit_fw-la aura_fw-fr potens_fw-la a_o cave_n to_o strong_a aeolian_a wind_n always_o enthral_v there_o be_v from_o twofold_a tunnel_n main_a great_a blast_n arise_v and_o never_o miss_v a_o cloth_n or_o garment_n cast_v therein_o by_o force_n aloft_o be_v send_v a_o mighty_a breath_n or_o powerful_a puff_n do_v hinder_v all_o descent_n but_o all_o the_o memorable_a matter_n in_o this_o high_a and_o rough_a stony_a little_a country_n one_o have_v comprise_v in_o these_o four_o verse_n mira_n alto_fw-mi pecco_n tria_fw-la sunt_fw-la barathrum_fw-la specus_fw-la antrum_fw-la commoda_fw-la tot_fw-la plumbum_fw-la gramen_fw-la ovile_a pecus_fw-la tot_o speciosa_fw-la simul_fw-la sunt_fw-la castrum_n balnea_fw-la chatsworth_n plura_fw-la sed_fw-la occurrunt_fw-la quae_fw-la speciosa_fw-la minùs_fw-la there_o be_v in_o high_a peake_n wonder_v three_o a_o deep_a hole_n cave_n and_o den_n commodity_n as_o many_o be_v lead_v grasse_n and_o sheep_n in_o pen._n and_o beauty_n three_o there_o be_v withal_o a_o castle_n bath_n chatsworth_n with_o place_n more_o yet_o meet_v you_o shall_v that_o be_v of_o mean_a worth_n *_o to_o these_o wonder_n may_v be_v add_v a_o wonderful_a well_o in_o the_o peake_n forest_n not_o far_o from_o buxton_n which_o ordinary_o eb_v and_o flow_v four_o time_n in_o the_o space_n of_o one_o hour_n or_o thereabouts_o 204._o keep_v his_o just_a tide_n and_o i_o know_v not_o whether_o tideswell_n a_o mercate_z town_n hereby_o have_v his_o name_n thereof_o the_o peverels_n who_o i_o have_v say_v before_o be_v lord_n of_o nottingham_n be_v also_o report_v to_o have_v be_v lord_n of_o derby_n afterwards_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o give_v and_o confirm_v unto_o his_o brother_n john_n the_o county_n and_o castle_n of_o nottingham_n lancaster_n derby_n etc._n etc._n with_o the_o honour_n thereto_o belong_v with_o the_o honour_n also_o of_o peverell_n after_o he_o these_o be_v earl_n of_o derby_n out_o of_o the_o family_n of_o ferrars_n so_o far_o as_o i_o be_o able_a to_o gather_v out_o of_o the_o register_n of_o tutbury_n merivall_n and_o burton_n monastery_n william_n ferrars_n son_n to_o the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o peverell_n who_o king_n john_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n as_o we_o find_v in_o a_o ancient_a charter_n invest_v earl_n of_o derby_n joban_n william_n his_o son_n who_o bruise_v with_o a_o fall_n out_o of_o his_o coach_n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1254._o and_o this_o william_n son_n robert_n who_o in_o the_o civil_a war_n lose_v this_o title_n and_o a_o great_a estate_n by_o forfeiture_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o that_o none_o of_o his_o posterity_n although_o they_o live_v in_o great_a port_n and_o reputation_n be_v ever_o restore_v to_o that_o honour_n again_o but_o most_o of_o this_o robert_n possession_n k._n henry_n the_o three_o pass_v over_o unto_o edmund_n his_o own_o young_a son_n and_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o i_o write_v out_o of_o the_o very_a original_a record_n by_o authority_n and_o advise_v of_o the_o parliament_n ordain_v henry_n of_o lancaster_n the_o son_n of_o henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n earl_n of_o derby_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o withal_o assign_v unto_o he_o a_o thousand_o mark_n yearly_o during_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n from_o that_o time_n this_o title_n be_v unite_v to_o the_o line_n of_o lancaster_n until_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o bestow_v the_o same_o upon_o thomas_n lord_n stanley_n who_o before_o have_v wed_v margaret_n the_o king_n mother_n to_o he_o and_o the_o heir_n male_n of_o his_o body_n he_o have_v for_o his_o successor_n his_o grandsonne_n thomas_n beget_v by_o george_n his_o son_n of_o joan_n the_o heir_n of_o the_o lord_n strange_a of_o knock_v this_o thomas_n have_v by_o the_o sister_n of_o george_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n edward_n the_o three_o earl_n of_o this_o family_n high_o commend_v for_o hospitality_n and_o affability_n who_o by_o the_o lady_n dorothy_n daughter_n to_o the_o first_o thomas_n howard_n duke_n of_o norfolk_n beget_v henry_n the_o four_o earl_n efts-once_a honourable_o employ_v who_o leave_v by_o lady_n margaret_n daughter_n of_o henry_n earl_n of_o cumberland_n ferdinand_n and_o william_n successive_o earl_n of_o derby_n ferdinand_n die_v in_o strange_a manner_n in_o the_o flower_n of_o his_o youth_n leave_v by_o margaret_n his_o wife_n daughter_n of_o sir_n john_n spenser_n of_o althorp_n three_o daughter_n anne_n marry_v to_o grey_n bruges_n lord_n chandos_n francis_n wife_n to_o sir_n john_n egerton_n and_o elizabeth_n wife_n to_o henry_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n william_n the_o six_o earl_n now_o enjoy_v that_o honour_n have_v issue_n by_o elizabeth_n daughter_n to_o edward_n late_a earl_n of_o oxford_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o county_n of_o nottingham_n and_o derby_n of_o which_o they_o inhabit_v a_o part_n who_o in_o bede_n time_n be_v call_v mercij_fw-la aquilonare_n mercian_n that_o be_v the_o northern_a mercian_n for_o that_o they_o dwell_v beyond_o the_o trent_n northward_o and_o they_o hold_v as_o he_o say_v the_o land_n of_o seven_o thousand_o family_n this_o county_n hold_v in_o it_o parish_n 106._o cornavii_n have_v now_o travail_v in_o order_n through_o the_o country_n of_o the_o ancient_a coritani_n i_o be_o to_o survey_v the_o region_n confine_v which_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o people_n call_v cornabii_n or_o cornavii_n inhabit_v the_o derivation_n or_o etymology_n of_o who_o name_n let_v other_o sift_v out_o as_o for_o myself_o i_o can_v draw_v the_o force_n and_o signification_n of_o that_o word_n to_o this_o and_o that_o diverse_o but_o see_v none_o of_o they_o do_v apt_o answer_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n or_o disposition_n of_o the_o people_n
of_o woodstock_n his_o daughter_n who_o be_v after_o remarry_v to_o sir_n william_n burchier_n call_v earl_n of_o ewe_n and_o in_o our_o memory_n king_n edward_n the_o six_o honour_a walter_n d'eureux_fw-fr the_o lord_n ferrars_n of_o chartley_n descend_v by_o the_o bourgchier_n from_o the_o bohun_v with_o the_o title_n of_o viscount_n hereford_n who_o grandsonne_n walter_n viscount_n hereford_n queen_n elizabeth_n create_v afterward_o earl_n of_o essex_n there_o be_v contain_v in_o this_o county_n parish_n 176._o radnor_n comitatus_fw-la quem_fw-la silures_fw-fr osim_fw-la incosuerunt_fw-la radnor-shire_n upon_o hereford-shire_n on_o the_o north-west_n join_v radnor-shire_n in_o the_o british_a tongue_n sire_n maiseve_v in_o form_n three_o square_v and_o the_o far_a west_n it_o go_v the_o narrow_a still_o it_o grow_v on_o the_o southside_n the_o river_n why_o separate_v it_o from_o brecknockshire_n and_o on_o the_o north_n part_n lie_v montgomery-shire_n the_o east_n and_o south_n part_v thereof_o be_v more_o fruitful_a than_o the_o rest_n which_o lie_v uneven_a and_o rough_a with_o mountain_n be_v hardly_o better_v by_o painful_a husbandry_n yet_o it_o be_v store_v well_o enough_o with_o wood_n water_v with_o run_a river_n and_o in_o some_o place_n with_o stand_a mere_n the_o east-side_n have_v to_o beautify_v it_o beside_o other_o castle_n of_o the_o lord_n marcher_n now_o all_o bury_v well_o near_o in_o their_o own_o ruin_n castle_n pain_n build_v and_o so_o name_v of_o pain_n a_o norman_a and_o castle_n colwen_n which_o if_o i_o be_v not_o deceive_v be_v sometime_o call_v the_o castle_n of_o maud_n in_o colewent_n colweâ—â—_n for_o a_o very_a famous_a castle_n that_o be_v and_o robert_n de_fw-fr todeney_n a_o great_a noble_a man_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o be_v lord_n of_o it_o it_o be_v very_o think_v that_o it_o belong_v aforetime_o to_o the_o breose_n lord_n of_o brechnoc_n and_o to_o have_v take_v the_o name_n from_o maude_n of_o saint_n valeric_a a_o very_a shrewd_a stout_a and_o malapert_a stomachful_a woman_n wife_n to_o william_n breos_n who_o discover_v a_o rebellious_a mind_n against_o king_n john_n which_o castle_n be_v cast_v down_o by_o the_o welsh_a king_n henry_n the_o three_o in_o the_o year_n 1231._o re-edify_v strong_o with_o stone_n paris_n and_o call_v it_o in_o despite_n of_o lhewellin_n prince_n of_o wales_n maugre_o lhewellin_n but_o of_o especial_a name_n be_v radnor_n the_o principal_a town_n of_o the_o whole_a shire_n radnor_n in_o british_a maiseveth_n fair_a build_v as_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o country_n be_v with_o thatch_a house_n in_o time_n past_o it_o be_v firm_o fence_a with_o a_o wall_n and_o castle_n glendour_n but_o after_o that_o owen_n glendower_n dwy_a that_o notable_a rebel_n have_v burn_v it_o it_o begin_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o decrease_v and_o grow_v to_o decay_v taste_v of_o the_o same_o fortune_n that_o the_o mother_n thereof_o do_v before_o i_o mean_v old_a radnor_n call_v in_o british_a maiseve_v hean_a and_o for_o the_o high_a situation_n pencrag_n which_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n rhese_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gruffin_n have_v set_v on_o fire_n if_o i_o shall_v say_v that_o this_o maiseve_v or_o radnor_n be_v that_o ancient_a city_n magi_n which_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n seem_v to_o call_v magnos_fw-la where_o as_o we_o find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o notice_n the_o commander_n of_o the_o pacensian_a regiment_n lie_v in_o garrison_n under_o the_o lieutenant_n or_o lord_n general_n of_o britain_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o theodosius_n the_o young_a in_o my_o own_o opinion_n sure_o and_o perhaps_o in_o other_o man_n conceit_n also_o i_o shall_v not_o vary_v from_o the_o truth_n for_o we_o read_v in_o writer_n of_o the_o middle_a age_n magesetae_fw-la of_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o coast_n call_v magesetae_fw-la also_o of_o earl_n masegetense_n and_o magesetense_n and_o the_o distance_n if_o it_o be_v count_v both_o from_o gobannium_n or_o abergevenny_n and_o also_o from_o brangonium_fw-la or_o worcester_n differ_v scarce_o a_o hair_n breadth_n from_o antonine_n computation_n scarce_o three_o mile_n eastward_o from_o hence_o prestaine_v you_o see_v prestaine_v in_o british_a lhan_n andre_n that_o be_v saint_n andrews_n church_n which_o of_o a_o very_a little_a village_n within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o grandfather_n be_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o richard_n martin_n bishop_n of_o saint_n david_n grow_v now_o to_o be_v so_o great_a a_o mercate_z town_n and_o fair_a withal_o that_o at_o this_o day_n it_o dammer_v and_o dim_v the_o light_n in_o some_o sort_n of_o radnor_n from_o whence_o also_o scarce_o four_o mile_n off_o stand_v knighton_n knighton_n a_o town_n able_a to_o match_v with_o prestaine_v call_v in_o british_a as_o i_o have_v hear_v say_v trebuclo_n in_o steed_n of_o trefyclaudh_n of_o a_o famous_a ditch_n lie_v under_o it_o which_o offa_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n with_o admirable_a work_n and_o labour_n cause_v to_o be_v cast_v from_o deemouth_n unto_o wy-mouth_n by_o this_o town_n for_o the_o space_n of_o foureskore_n and_o ten_o mile_n to_o separate_v the_o britan_n from_o his_o englishman_n whereupon_o in_o british_a it_o be_v call_v claudh_n offa_n that_o be_v offaes_n ditch_n concern_v which_o john_n of_o salisbury_n in_o his_o policraticon_n write_v thus_o harald_n ordain_v a_o law_n that_o what_o welshmen_n soever_o shall_v be_v find_v with_o a_o weapon_n dike_a on_o this_o side_n the_o limit_n which_o he_o have_v set_v they_o that_o be_v to_o say_v offaes_n dike_n he_o shall_v have_v his_o right_a hand_n cut_v off_o by_o the_o king_n officer_n when_o you_o be_v pass_v this_o place_n all_o the_o ground_n that_o lie_v towards_o the_o west_n and_o south_n limit_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n barren_a lean_a and_o hungry_a be_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v melienith_n for_o that_o the_o mountain_n be_v of_o a_o yellowish_a colour_n yet_o remain_v there_o many_o footing_n as_o it_o be_v of_o castle_n to_o be_v see_v here_o and_o there_o but_o especial_o kevenles_a and_o timbod_v which_o stand_v upon_o a_o sharp_a point_a hill_n lhewellin_n prince_n of_o wales_n overthrow_v in_o the_o year_n 1260._o this_o melienith_n reach_v as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o river_n why_o which_o cut_v overthwart_o the_o west_n corner_n of_o this_o shire_n and_o be_v hinder_v in_o his_o stream_n with_o stone_n lie_v in_o his_o way_n upon_o a_o sudden_a for_o want_v of_o ground_n to_o glide_v on_o have_v a_o mighty_a and_o violent_a downfall_n whereupon_o the_o place_n be_v term_v raihader_n gowy_n that_o be_v the_o fall_n or_o floodgate_n of_o why_o and_o i_o can_v tell_v whether_o thereupon_o that_o british_a word_n raihader_n the_o english_a man_n forge_v this_o name_n first_o for_o the_o whole_a shire_n and_o afterward_o for_o the_o chief_a town_n by_o this_o floudgate_n or_o fall_v of_o the_o water_n there_o be_v a_o castle_n which_o rhese_n prince_n of_o southwales_n as_o we_o read_v repair_v under_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o hard_o by_o there_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n a_o vast_a and_o wide_a wilderness_n hideous_a after_o a_o sort_n to_o behold_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o turn_n and_o crooked_a byway_n and_o craggy_a mountain_n into_o which_o as_o the_o safe_a place_n of_o refuge_n vortigern_n vortigern_n that_o pestilent_a wretch_n and_o bane_n of_o his_o native_a country_n odious_a both_o to_o god_n and_o man_n and_o who_o memory_n the_o britain_n may_v wish_v damn_v withdraw_v himself_o when_o after_o he_o have_v call_v the_o saxon_n into_o this_o island_n and_o in_o horrible_a incest_n marry_v his_o own_o daughter_n and_o here_o he_o fall_v at_o length_n too_o too_o late_o into_o serious_a consideration_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o vile_a and_o wicked_a act_n but_o by_o revenge_a fire_n from_o heaven_n the_o fly_a dart_n of_o god_n above_o he_o be_v burn_v with_o his_o city_n caer_n guortigern_n which_o he_o have_v here_o build_v for_o his_o refuge_n and_o not_o far_o from_o hence_o as_o if_o the_o place_n have_v be_v fatal_a not_o only_o this_o vortigern_n the_o last_o monarch_n of_o british_a blood_n but_o also_o lhewellin_n the_o last_o prince_n of_o wales_n of_o the_o british_a race_n be_v forelay_v lewellin_n be_v slay_v by_o adam_n francton_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 1282._o of_o the_o say_a vortigern_n ninnius_n name_v a_o little_a country_n here_o guortiger-maur_a neither_o be_v that_o name_n as_o yet_o altogether_o lose_v but_o of_o the_o city_n there_o remain_v no_o memory_n at_o all_o but_o our_o of_o writer_n some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o guthremion_n castle_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n and_o rubbish_n thereof_o which_o in_o the_o year_n 1201._o the_o welsh_a for_o malice_n they_o bear_v to_o roger_n lord_n mortimer_n and_o in_o spite_n of_o he_o lay_v even_o with_o the_o ground_n moreover_o this_o part_n of_o the_o country_n be_v
now_o spoil_v and_o harry_v the_o whole_a island_n and_o vortigern_n have_v withdraw_v himself_o into_o these_o part_n pascentius_n his_o son_n rule_v all_o as_o lord_n by_o the_o permission_n of_o aurelius_n ambrose_n as_o ninnius_n write_v who_o in_o his_o chapter_n of_o mervail_n report_v i_o wot_v not_o what_o wondrous_a thing_n here_o of_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n wherein_z forsooth_o be_v plain_o to_o be_v see_v the_o foot_n of_o king_n arthur_n hound_n and_o as_o for_o hay_o hay_o which_o in_o british_a be_v call_v trekethle_n that_o be_v the_o town_n in_o a_o grove_n of_o hasell_n tree_n in_o the_o very_a utmost_a skirt_n of_o this_o shire_n next_o unto_o hereford-shire_n it_o stand_v hard_o by_o the_o river_n wye_n well_o know_v as_o it_o seem_v to_o the_o roman_n who_o coin_n be_v often_o dig_v up_o there_o and_o it_o show_v also_o by_o the_o ruin_n that_o in_o old_a time_n it_o be_v wall_v but_o be_v now_o as_o it_o be_v decay_v it_o complain_v of_o that_o most_o lewd_a rebel_n owen_n glendowerdwy_n for_o his_o furious_a outrage_n who_o in_o waste_v and_o spoil_v all_o those_o country_n most_o villainous_o do_v depopulate_v it_o and_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n as_o this_o river_n why_o wash_v the_o north_n side_n of_o this_o shire_n so_o do_v vske_v a_o notable_a river_n likewise_o run_v through_o the_o midst_n thereof_o which_o vske_v spring_v out_o of_o the_o blacke-mountaine_n brecknock_n pass_v along_o with_o a_o shallow_a stream_n beside_o brechnock_v the_o shire_n town_n stand_v in_o the_o very_a heart_n in_o manner_n of_o the_o country_n which_o the_o britan_n call_n aber-hodney_a because_o the_o two_o rivers_n hodney_n and_o uske_n do_v meet_v in_o that_o place_n that_o this_o town_n be_v inhabit_v in_o the_o roman_n time_n appear_v by_o the_o coin_n of_o roman_a emperor_n now_o and_o then_o dig_v up_o here_o bernard_n newmarch_n who_o conquer_v this_o little_a shire_n build_v here_o a_o goodly_a great_a castle_n which_o the_o breose_n and_o bohun_v repair_v and_o in_o our_o father_n remembrance_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o in_o the_o friary_n of_o the_o dominican_n appoint_v a_o collegiate_n church_n of_o fourteen_o prebendary_n which_o he_o translate_v hither_o from_o aberguil_o in_o caermardenshire_n two_o mile_n hence_o eastward_o there_o spread_v itself_o abroad_o a_o large_a pool_n which_o the_o britan_n call_n linsavethan_n and_o linsavathen_n mere._n that_o be_v a_o lake_n of_o stand_a water_n giraldus_n term_v it_o clamosum_fw-la that_o be_v clamorous_a or_o cry_v loud_o because_o it_o make_v a_o strange_a noise_n like_o thunder_n as_o often_o as_o the_o ice_n thereon_o do_v thaw_v in_o english_a we_o name_v it_o brecknock-meere_a mere._n two_o mile_n it_o be_v in_o length_n and_o as_o much_o in_o breadth_n breed_v in_o time_n past_o many_o otter_n now_o full_a of_o perche_n tenche_n and_o eel_n which_o the_o fisher_n row_v in_o small_a pliant_a bote_n do_v take_v leveney_n a_o little_a river_n after_o it_o be_v run_v into_o this_o pool_n keep_v his_o own_o hue_n and_o colour_n still_o by_o himself_o as_o disdain_v to_o be_v mingle_v therewith_o which_o the_o very_a colour_n show_v be_v think_v to_o carry_v out_o his_o own_o water_n entertain_v a_o while_n there_o by_o the_o way_n and_o no_o more_o than_o he_o bring_v in_o with_o he_o it_o have_v be_v a_o currant_n speech_n of_o long_a continuance_n among_o the_o neighbour_n thereabouts_o that_o where_o now_o the_o mere_a be_v there_o be_v in_o time_n past_o a_o city_n which_o be_v swallow_v up_o in_o a_o earthquake_n resign_v up_o the_o place_n unto_o the_o water_n and_o beside_o other_o reason_n they_o allege_v this_o for_o one_o that_o all_o the_o high_a way_n of_o this_o shire_n come_v direct_o hither_o on_o every_o side_n which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a what_o other_o city_n shall_v a_o man_n think_v stand_v by_o the_o river_n leveney_n than_o loventium_n which_o ptolomee_n place_v in_o this_o tract_n loventium_fw-la and_o in_o no_o place_n hitherto_o can_v i_o find_v it_o albeit_o i_o search_v diligent_o for_o it_o either_o by_o the_o name_n or_o situation_n or_o ruin_n remain_v marianus_n scotus_n which_o i_o have_v almost_o forget_v seem_v to_o call_v this_o lake_n bricenaâ—_n mere_a mere._n who_o record_v that_o edelfle_v the_o mercian_n lady_n in_o the_o year_n 913._o enter_v into_o the_o land_n of_o the_o britan_n to_o win_v by_o assault_n a_o castle_n at_o bricenau_n mere_a and_o that_o she_o take_v there_o the_o king_n of_o the_o britan_n wife_n prisoner_n whether_o this_o castle_n be_v brechnock_v itself_o or_o castle_n dinas_n brecknock_n which_o stand_v over_o it_o upon_o a_o rockey_n hill_n and_o which_o the_o high_a it_o rise_v the_o slenderer_n and_o small_a it_o become_v it_o be_v not_o certain_o know_v leveney_n but_o that_o blean_n laveney_n castle_n hard_a by_o be_v the_o chief_a place_n of_o the_o barony_n that_o petre_n fitz_n herbert_n the_o son_n of_o herbert_n lord_n of_o deanforest_n by_o lucy_n the_o daughter_n of_o miles_n earl_n of_o hereford_n hold_v appear_v evident_o upon_o record_n brechnock_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n william_n rufus_n bernard_n newmarch_n the_o norman_a a_o man_n both_o hardy_a and_o politic_a withal_o have_v levy_v a_o great_a army_n of_o englishman_n and_o norman_n together_o be_v the_o first_o that_o enter_v into_o this_o territory_n by_o force_n and_o arm_n win_v it_o and_o wrest_v it_o out_o of_o the_o welshman_n hand_n by_o bloody_a encounter_n raise_v fortress_n here_o for_o his_o fellow_n soldier_n among_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v the_o aubreeis_n gunter_n haverd_n waldbeofe_n and_o prichards_n allot_v land_n and_o lordship_n and_o that_o he_o may_v set_v sure_a foot_n and_o establish_v his_o seat_n among_o the_o welsh_a who_o repine_v malicious_o at_o he_o he_o take_v to_o wife_n nesta_n the_o daughter_n of_o gruffin_n who_o be_v a_o woman_n of_o a_o shameless_a and_o revengeful_a spirit_n both_o bereave_v herself_o of_o her_o own_o good_a name_n and_o also_o defeat_v her_o son_n of_o his_o inheritance_n for_o when_o mahel_n the_o say_a bernard_n only_a son_n do_v shake_v up_o in_o some_o hard_a and_o sharp_a term_n a_o young_a gentleman_n with_o who_o she_o use_v more_o familiar_o than_o be_v beseem_v she_o as_o the_o poet_n say_v iram_fw-la atque_fw-la animos_fw-la à _fw-la crimine_fw-la sâ—mens_fw-la grow_v angry_a and_o stomachful_a upon_o this_o imputation_n take_v her_o corporal_a oath_n before_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o protest_v that_o her_o son_n mahel_n be_v beget_v in_o adultery_n and_o not_o by_o bernard_n her_o husband_n whereupon_o mahel_n be_v disinherit_v sibyl_n his_o sister_n enter_v upon_o that_o fair_a inheritance_n and_o with_o the_o same_o enrich_v her_o husband_n miles_n earl_n of_o hereford_n but_o after_o that_o five_o son_n of_o miles_n die_v without_o issue_n breus_n this_o brechnockshire_n in_o the_o partition_n of_o the_o inheritance_n fall_v to_o bertha_n his_o daughter_n who_o by_o philip_n de_fw-fr breos_n have_v a_o son_n william_n de_fw-fr breos_n lord_n of_o brechnock_n upon_o who_o the_o seditious_a spirit_n and_o shrewd_a tongue_n of_o his_o wife_n draw_v a_o world_n of_o calamity_n for_o when_o she_o have_v with_o her_o intemperate_a and_o unbridled_a language_n contumelious_o abuse_v king_n john_n exchequer_n the_o king_n thereupon_o because_o her_o husband_n william_n be_v very_o deep_o indebt_v unto_o he_o fall_v to_o be_v quick_a and_o rigorous_a in_o demand_v the_o debt_n but_o he_o not_o able_a to_o make_v payment_n after_o he_o have_v shift_v it_o off_o many_o time_n and_o by_o break_v day_n still_o make_v default_n in_o the_o end_n mortgage_v unto_o the_o king_n three_o of_o his_o castle_n namely_o hay_o brecknock_n and_o radnor_n and_o put_v they_o into_o his_o hand_n but_o soon_o after_o levy_v certain_a force_n such_o as_o he_o can_v muster_v up_o in_o haste_n upon_o a_o sudden_a surprise_v they_o slay_v the_o garrison_n soldier_n and_o wrest_a the_o say_v piece_n perforce_o from_o they_o burn_v the_o town_n of_o lemster_n and_o thus_o kill_v slay_v and_o drive_v away_o booty_n he_o make_v foul_a work_n and_o havoc_n every_o way_n with_o all_o such_o outrage_n as_o rebel_n do_v common_o commit_v but_o when_o the_o king_n pursue_v he_o he_o convey_v himself_o and_o all_o that_o he_o have_v into_o ireland_n complot_v and_o combine_v with_o the_o king_n enemy_n there_o yet_o under_o a_o colour_n as_o if_o he_o will_v make_v submission_n he_o come_v unto_o the_o king_n upon_o protection_n and_o assurance_n give_v of_o safety_n when_o he_o be_v upon_o his_o return_n into_o ireland_n and_o notwithstanding_o many_o goodly_a promise_n of_o the_o contrary_a he_o raise_v new_a stir_n and_o trouble_v eftsoon_o in_o wales_n but_o force_v in_o the_o end_n to_o leave_v his_o native_a country_n he_o die_v a_o banish_a man_n
do_v the_o word_n import_n so_o it_o have_v communicate_v that_o name_n unto_o the_o whole_a country_n for_o hereupon_o the_o english_a man_n call_v it_o caernarvonshire_n this_o be_v encompass_v with_o a_o very_a small_a circuit_n of_o wall_n about_o it_o and_o in_o manner_n round_o but_o the_o same_o exceed_a strong_a and_o to_o set_v it_o the_o better_a out_o sheweth_z a_o pass_v fair_a castle_n which_o take_v up_o the_o whole_a west_n side_n of_o it_o the_o private_a building_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o that_o country_n be_v sightly_o enough_o and_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o their_o courtesy_n much_o commend_v who_o think_v it_o a_o point_n of_o their_o glory_n that_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o found_v their_o city_n that_o his_o son_n king_n edward_n the_o second_o be_v here_o bear_v and_o surname_v of_o caer-narvon_a who_o also_o be_v of_o the_o english_a line_n the_o first_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o also_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n have_v here_o their_o chancery_n their_o exchequer_n and_o their_o justice_n for_o north-wales_n about_o seven_o mile_n hence_o by_o the_o same_o narrow_a sea_n stand_v bangor_n or_o banchor_n low_o seat_v thin_a enclose_v on_o the_o south_n side_n with_o a_o mountain_n of_o great_a height_n on_o the_o north_n with_o a_o little_a hill_n so_o call_v a_o choro_fw-la pulchro_fw-la that_o be_v of_o a_o fair_a choir_n or_o as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o quasi_fw-la locus_fw-la chori_fw-la that_o be_v as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o place_n of_o a_o choir_n which_o be_v a_o bishop_n see_v have_v within_o the_o diocese_n thereof_o 96._o parish_n the_o church_n be_v consecrate_v unto_o daniel_n sometime_o bishop_n thereof_o but_o that_o which_o now_o stand_v be_v of_o no_o especial_a fair_a building_n for_o owen_n glendoverdwy_n that_o most_o notorious_a rebel_n who_o have_v purpose_v utter_o to_o destroy_v all_o the_o city_n of_o wales_n set_v it_o on_o fire_n for_o that_o they_o stand_v for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o deface_v the_o ancient_a church_n which_o albeit_o henry_n deny_v bishop_n of_o the_o same_o repair_v about_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o yet_o it_o scarce_o recover_v the_o former_a dignity_n now_o the_o town_n be_v small_a gruffin_n but_o in_o time_n pass_v so_o large_a that_o for_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o it_o be_v call_v banchor_n vaur_n that_o be_v great_a banchor_n and_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n fortify_v it_o with_o a_o castle_n whereof_o i_o can_v find_v no_o footing_n at_o all_o though_o i_o seek_v they_o with_o all_o diligent_a inquiry_n but_o that_o castle_n be_v situate_a upon_o the_o very_a entry_n of_o the_o say_v narrow_a sea_n over_o the_o menay_n or_o straight_o hereby_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o that_o he_o may_v transport_v his_o army_n into_o mona_n or_o anglesey_n whereof_o i_o must_v treat_v anon_o in_o due_a order_n go_v about_o with_o great_a labour_n to_o make_v a_o bridge_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a albeit_o suctonius_n paulinus_n convey_v over_o his_o roman_a soldier_n long_o before_o into_o mona_n his_o horseman_n at_o a_o fourd_v and_o the_o footman_n in_o little_a flat_a botomed_a boat_n as_o we_o read_v in_o tacitus_n from_o hence_o the_o shore_n raise_v itself_o with_o a_o bend_a ascent_n run_v on_o by_o penmaen-maur_a pen-maen-maur_a that_o be_v the_o great_a stony_a head_n a_o very_a exceed_a high_a and_o steep_a rock_n which_o hang_v over_o the_o sea_n when_o it_o be_v flood_n affourd_v a_o very_a narrow_a path_n way_n for_o passenger_n have_v on_o the_o one_o side_n huge_a stone_n over_o their_o head_n as_o if_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o rage_a ocean_n lie_v of_o a_o wonderful_a steep_a depth_n under_o it_o but_o after_o a_o man_n have_v pass_v over_o this_o together_o with_o pen-maen_a bychan_n that_o be_v the_o lesser_a stony_a head_n he_o shall_v come_v to_o a_o open_a broad_a plain_a that_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o river_n conwey_n riveâ—_n which_o limit_v this_o shire_n on_o the_o east_n side_n this_o river_n in_o ptolomee_n after_o a_o corrupt_a manner_n of_o writing_n greek_n be_v call_v toisovius_n for_o conovius_n it_o issue_v out_o of_o a_o pool_n of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o the_o south_n border_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o be_v pen_v in_o and_o as_o it_o be_v strangle_v run_v apace_o within_o a_o very_a narrow_a channel_n as_o far_o almost_o as_o to_o the_o mouth_n thereof_o breed_v certain_a shell-fish_n which_o be_v conceive_v of_o a_o heavenly_a dew_n town_n bring_v forth_o pearl_n and_o there_o giveth_z he_o name_n unto_o the_o town_n conovium_n which_o antonine_n mention_v and_o although_o it_o now_o lie_v all_o along_o and_o that_o name_n there_o be_v utter_o extinct_a yet_o by_o a_o new_a name_n it_o do_v covert_o imply_v the_o antiquity_n for_o a_o very_a small_a and_o poor_a village_n stand_v among_o the_o rubbish_n thereof_o be_v call_v caer_n hean_a that_o be_v the_o ancient_a city_n out_o of_o the_o spoil_n and_o ruin_n whereof_o king_n edward_z the_o first_o build_v a_o new_a town_n at_o the_o very_a mouth_n of_o the_o river_n which_o thereupon_o they_o call_v aber-conwey_a that_o be_v the_o mouth_n of_o conwey_n which_o place_n hugh_n of_o chester_n have_v beforetime_n fortify_v but_o this_o new_a conovium_n or_o aber-conwey_a be_v strong_o situate_v and_o fence_a both_o with_o wall_n and_o also_o with_o a_o very_a proper_a castle_n by_o the_o river_n side_n deserve_v the_o name_n rather_o of_o a_o pretty_a city_n than_o of_o a_o town_n but_o that_o it_o be_v not_o replenish_v with_o inhabitant_n opposite_a unto_o this_o town_n and_o yet_o on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o river_n which_o be_v pass_v by_o ferry_n and_o not_o by_o bridge_n reach_v out_o a_o huge_a promontory_n with_o a_o bend_a elbow_n as_o if_o nature_n purpose_v to_o make_v there_o a_o road_n and_o harbour_n for_o ship_n which_o be_v also_o count_v part_n of_o this_o shire_n gogarth_n and_o be_v name_v gogarth_n wherein_o stand_v diganwy_n a_o ancient_a city_n just_a over_o the_o river_n conwey_n where_o it_o issue_v into_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v burn_v many_o year_n ago_o with_o lightning_n dictum_fw-la and_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v the_o city_n dictum_fw-la where_o under_o the_o late_a emperor_n the_o captain_n over_o the_o band_n of_o the_o nervian_o dictense_n keep_v their_o guard_n ganoc_n and_o for_o that_o afterward_o it_o be_v call_v diganwy_n who_o see_v not_o that_o the_o say_v canwey_n come_v of_o conwey_n and_o from_o thence_o the_o english_a name_n ganoc_n for_o so_o be_v that_o castle_n call_v which_o afterward_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o build_v in_o that_o place_n to_o bridle_v the_o welsh_a straight_o after_o the_o norman_n come_v into_o this_o island_n gruffin_n ap_fw-mi conan_n govern_v this_o country_n who_o be_v not_o able_a to_o repress_v the_o english_a troop_n who_o swarm_v into_o wales_n yield_v otherwhiles_o unto_o the_o tempest_n and_o at_o length_n when_o with_o his_o integrity_n and_o uprightness_n he_o have_v regain_v the_o favour_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o he_o easy_o also_o recover_v his_o own_o land_n of_o the_o english_a and_o leave_v they_o to_o his_o heir_n successive_o until_o the_o time_n of_o lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi gruffith_n who_o when_o he_o have_v provoke_v his_o own_o brethren_n with_o wrong_n and_o the_o english_a man_n with_o inroad_n be_v bring_v to_o this_o pass_n that_o he_o hold_v this_o hilly_a country_n together_o with_o the_o isle_n anglesey_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o as_o tenant_n in_o fee_n and_o pay_v for_o it_o yearly_o a_o thousand_o mark_n which_o condition_n afterward_o when_o he_o will_v not_o stand_v unto_o and_o follow_v rather_o his_o own_o and_o his_o brother_n stubborn_a wilfulness_n than_o any_o good_a hope_n to_o prevail_v will_v needs_o put_v all_o once_o again_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o war_n he_o be_v slay_v and_o so_o both_o end_v his_o own_o life_n and_o withal_o the_o british_a government_n in_o wales_n it_o have_v in_o it_o parish_n churches_n 68_o anglesey_n conitatus_fw-la olim_fw-la mona_n insula_fw-la druidum_fw-la sedes_fw-la britannice_n tir_fw-fr mon_fw-fr the_o isle_n mona_n or_o of_o anglesey_n the_o county_n of_o caer-nar-von_a which_o i_o last_o run_v through_o take_v name_n as_o i_o say_v erewhile_o of_o the_o chief_a town_n therein_o and_o the_o say_a town_n of_o the_o isle_n mona_n which_o lie_v over_o against_o it_o and_o require_v as_o it_o be_v of_o right_a that_o i_o shall_v treat_v of_o it_o in_o his_o due_a place_n which_o unwilling_o heretofore_o i_o confess_v i_o refer_v to_o the_o out_o island_n whereas_o by_o right_n it_o be_v to_o be_v place_v among_o the_o shire_n this_o isle_n call_v of_o the_o roman_n mona_n anglesey_n of_o the_o britan_n mon_n and_o tir-mon_a that_o be_v the_o
build_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o whole_a close_a this_o be_v do_v in_o the_o year_n 1012._o in_o which_o as_o lancarvanensis_fw-la avouch_v sitric_n the_o son_n of_o abloie_v for_o so_o he_o call_v he_o live_v and_o flourish_v in_o great_a name_n the_o work_n begin_v by_o donatus_n laurence_n archbishop_n of_o dublin_n richard_n strongbow_n earl_n of_o penbroch_o common_o call_v earl_n of_o strigulia_n who_o tomb_n be_v here_o to_o be_v see_v repair_v by_o sir_n henry_n sidney_n lord_n deputy_n robert_n fitz-stephen_n and_o reimund_n fitz-girald_a finish_v hard_o at_o the_o south_n side_n of_o this_o church_n there_o stand_v a_o stately_a towne-hall_n build_v of_o four_o square_a stone_n and_o call_v the_o tolestale_a tolestale_a where_o cause_n be_v try_v before_o the_o mayor_n of_o the_o city_n and_o where_o the_o citizen_n use_v to_o hold_v their_o session_n and_o public_a assembly_n for_o it_o enjoy_v many_o immunity_n in_o time_n past_o this_o city_n have_v for_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n a_o provost_n but_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o redemption_n 1409._o king_n henry_n the_o four_o grant_v they_o licence_n to_o choose_v every_o year_n a_o mayor_n and_o two_o bailiff_n also_o that_o the_o mayor_n shall_v have_v a_o gild_a sword_n carry_v before_o he_o for_o ever_o but_o afterward_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o change_v the_o bailiff_n into_o sheriff_n neither_o want_v any_o thing_n here_o which_o a_o man_n can_v wish_v for_o in_o a_o most_o flourish_a city_n save_v only_o that_o a_o heap_n of_o sand_n which_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n cast_v up_o into_o the_o mouth_n of_o liffy_n do_v so_o dam_v up_o and_o bar_v the_o haven_n that_o it_o be_v not_o able_a to_o bring_v up_o any_o great_a vessel_n but_o at_o high_a water_n thus_o much_o of_o dublin_n for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o which_o i_o acknowledge_v myself_o beholden_a unto_o the_o diligence_n and_o learning_n of_o james_n Ê‹sher_n chancellor_n of_o s._n patrick_n church_n who_o variety_n of_o knowledge_n and_o judgement_n be_v far_o above_o his_o year_n as_o touch_v robert_n vere_n earl_n of_o oxford_n who_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o a_o prince_n too_o too_o lavish_a in_o give_v honourable_a title_n dublin_n make_v marquesse_n of_o dublin_n and_o afterward_o duke_n of_o ireland_n i_o have_v speak_v already_o and_o reason_n i_o have_v none_o to_o repeat_v the_o same_o here_o yet_o will_v i_o note_v thus_o much_o which_o i_o have_v since_o happen_v upon_o in_o the_o record_n when_o as_o king_n richard_n aforesaid_a have_v advance_v that_o robert_n vere_n earl_n of_o oxford_n to_o be_v marquesse_n of_o dublin_n and_o have_v give_v to_o he_o the_o seignory_n of_o ireland_n during_o his_o life_n 1._o he_o desirous_a to_o augment_v his_o honour_n by_o more_o ennoblish_v he_o with_o honourable_a arm_n grant_v also_o that_o as_o long_o as_o he_o shall_v live_v and_o hold_v the_o say_a seignory_n he_o shall_v bear_v these_o arm_n azure_a 3._o crown_n or_o in_o a_o bordur_n in_o his_o standard_n pennon_n coat-armour_n and_o other_o thing_n wherein_o arm_n be_v to_o be_v show_v in_o all_o martial_a matter_n and_o elsewhere_o at_o his_o pleasure_n but_o this_o grant_n be_v soon_o after_o recall_v and_o those_o arm_n abolish_v where_o the_o river_n liffy_n lodge_v himself_o in_o the_o ocean_n houth_n stand_v compass_v in_o manner_n round_o about_o with_o the_o sea_n of_o which_o the_o nobleman_n surname_v saint_n laurence_n and_o dwell_v there_o houth_n become_v name_v baron_n of_o houth_n man_n of_o rare_a felicity_n for_o that_o in_o so_o long_a a_o descent_n of_o their_o line_n for_o they_o be_v able_a to_o derive_v their_o pedigree_n from_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o there_o have_v of_o they_o by_o report_n none_o be_v attaint_v of_o high_a treason_n none_o leave_v ward_n in_o his_o minority_n and_o within_o a_o little_a of_o this_o place_n be_v malchide_v malchid_n or_o molachid_n ennoble_v by_o the_o lord_n thereof_o the_o talbot_n english_a by_o their_o first_o original_n more_o within_o the_o country_n northward_o there_o adjoin_v hard_a to_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n fingall_n fingall_n that_o be_v if_o you_o interpret_v it_o out_o of_o the_o irish_a language_n a_o nation_n of_o foreigner_n for_o they_o use_v to_o nominate_v the_o english_a gall_n as_o one_o will_v say_v stranger_n and_o saissone_n as_o it_o be_v saxon_n a_o little_a country_n but_o very_o good_a and_o pass_v well_o husband_v even_o the_o garner_n and_o barn_n of_o this_o kingdom_n so_o great_a store_n of_o corn_n it_o yield_v every_o year_n and_o here_o the_o soil_n strive_v after_o a_o sort_n with_o the_o painful_a labour_n of_o the_o husbandman_n which_o in_o other_o place_n throughout_o this_o island_n lie_v neglect_v without_o tillage_n and_o manure_v seem_v to_o make_v a_o very_a grievous_a complaint_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n sloth_n and_o laziness_n there_o be_v plant_v every_o where_o throughout_o this_o county_n right_o worshipful_a family_n noble_o descend_v of_o english_a blood_n and_o namely_o beside_o those_o which_o i_o have_v already_o mention_v the_o plonket_n barnwels_n russel_n talbot_n dillon_n nettervils_n holywoods_n lutterel_n burnel_n fitz_n williams_n goulding_n ussher_n cadleys_n finglase_n sarfeld_n blackney_n cruceys_n bath_n etc._n etc._n thus_o far_o forth_o summary_o of_o leinster_n which_o in_o old_a time_n reach_v no_o far_o now_o i_o wot_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o laugh_n at_o or_o the_o relate_n that_o thomas_n stukely_n stukely_n when_o he_o have_v in_o england_n and_o ireland_n both_o make_v shipwreck_n of_o his_o good_a name_n credit_n and_o fortune_n have_v wind_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o law_n curry_v such_o favour_n with_o pope_n gregory_n the_o thirteen_o what_o with_o make_v many_o fair_a promise_n and_o what_o with_o brag_v of_o great_a matter_n that_o he_o receive_v at_o his_o hand_n these_o title_n leinster_n marquesse_n of_o leinster_n earl_n of_o weisford_n and_o caterlogh_n viscount_n murrough_n and_o baron_n of_o rosse_n and_o ydron_n with_o which_o title_n he_o be_v puff_v up_o in_o pride_n while_o he_o think_v to_o conquer_v ireland_n go_v aside_o into_o africa_n and_o there_o with_o the_o three_o king_n that_o be_v slay_v in_o one_o battle_n make_v up_o the_o interlude_n of_o his_o life_n with_o a_o honest_a close_a and_o catastrophe_n midia_n or_o mediameth_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o country_n of_o the_o eblani_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n a_o kingdom_n and_o the_o five_o part_n of_o ireland_n which_o in_o their_o own_o native_a language_n they_o call_v miih_o the_o english_a meth_n giraldus_n name_v it_o in_o latin_a midia_n and_o media_n perhaps_o because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o very_a middle_n of_o the_o island_n for_o they_o say_v that_o killair_n a_o castle_n in_o these_o part_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o ptolomee_o laberus_n laberus_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o navel_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o very_a name_n imply_v no_o less_o for_o lair_n in_o the_o irish_a tongue_n signify_v the_o middle_a this_o meth_n lie_v stretch_v out_o from_o the_o irish_a sea_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o river_n shanon_n for_o the_o soil_n thereof_o as_o say_v bartholomaeus_n anglicus_n fertile_a it_o be_v in_o corn_n pasture_n ground_n and_o cattle_n plentiful_a in_o fish_n flesh_n and_o other_o victual_n of_o white_a meat_n as_o butter_n cheese_n and_o milk_n water_v also_o with_o river_n the_o situation_n be_v delectable_a to_o the_o eye_n and_o a_o wholesome_a air_n in_o regard_n of_o wood_n and_o marsh_n in_o the_o skirt_n and_o border_n it_o have_v a_o very_a hard_a access_n and_o entry_n unto_o it_o and_o therefore_o consider_v the_o multitude_n of_o people_n the_o strength_n of_o castle_n and_o town_n be_v iâ—_n common_o call_v for_o the_o peace_n thereof_o the_o chamber_n of_o ireland_n within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o father_n because_o the_o country_n be_v too_o large_a for_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o one_o sheriff_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o justice_n may_v with_o more_o facility_n be_v minister_v it_o be_v divide_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o 38._o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o into_o two_o part_n namely_o the_o county_n of_o east_n meth_n and_o the_o county_n of_o westmeth_a the_o county_n of_o eastmeth_a the_o county_n of_o eastmeth_a be_v environ_v round_o about_o with_o the_o county_n of_o kildar_n south_n with_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n and_o the_o sea_n east_n with_o the_o territory_n of_o louth_n north_n and_o with_o the_o county_n of_o west_n meth_n on_o the_o west_n the_o whole_a be_v divide_v into_o 18._o barony_n dueleke_n scrine_n slay_v margallen_v navan_n kenles_a half_o the_o barony_n of_o four_o near_a to_o kenles_a killalou_n demore_n clove_n moylagh_n loghern_n oldcastle_n luyn_n moyfeuraragh_n deese_n rath-touth_a and_o
hand_n in_o fight_n afterward_o upon_o the_o six_o day_n of_o the_o week_n be_v good-friday_n when_o the_o foresay_a john_n be_v unarm_v and_o go_v by_o way_n of_o pilgrimage_n bare_a foot_n and_o in_o his_o linen_n vesture_n a_o visit_v the_o church_n as_o the_o manner_n be_v treacherous_o he_o be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o his_o own_o people_n for_o a_o piece_n of_o money_n give_v in_o hand_n and_o for_o a_o great_a reward_n to_o be_v give_v afterward_o for_o a_o recompense_n and_o so_o be_v deliver_v unto_o hugh_n lacie_n but_o he_o bring_v he_o unto_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o give_v unto_o hugh_n lacie_n the_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n and_o the_o signiory_n of_o conaught_n which_o belong_v unto_o john_n curcie_n then_o hugh_n lacie_n be_v earl_n reward_v all_o the_o foresay_a traitor_n that_o have_v betray_v john_n curcie_n and_o give_v unto_o they_o gold_n and_o silver_n more_o or_o less_o but_o straightways_o hang_v up_o all_o the_o traitor_n aforesaid_a and_o take_v away_o all_o their_o good_n and_o so_o hugh_n lacie_n rule_v over_o all_o ulster_n and_o john_n curcie_n be_v condemn_v to_o perpetual_a prison_n because_o he_o have_v before_o time_n be_v a_o rebel_n to_o john_n king_n of_o england_n and_o will_v not_o do_v he_o homage_n and_o beside_o blame_v he_o about_o the_o death_n of_o arthur_n the_o rightful_a heir_n unto_o the_o crown_n but_o while_o he_o be_v in_o prison_n and_o in_o extreme_a poverty_n have_v but_o little_a allowance_n and_o the_o same_o course_n and_o simple_a for_o to_o eat_v and_o drink_v he_o say_v o_o god_n wherefore_o deal_v thou_o thus_o by_o i_o who_o have_v build_v and_o re-edify_v so_o many_o monastery_n for_o thou_o and_o thy_o saint_n now_o when_o he_o have_v many_o time_n wail_v and_o make_v loud_a moan_n in_o this_o wise_a and_o therewith_o fall_v asleep_a the_o holy_a trinity_n appear_v unto_o he_o say_v why_o have_v thou_o cast_v i_o out_o of_o my_o own_o seat_n and_o out_o of_o the_o church_n of_o down_n and_o place_v there_o my_o s._n patrick_n the_o patron_n of_o ireland_n because_o indeed_o john_n curcie_n have_v expel_v the_o secular_a canon_n or_o priest_n out_o of_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o down_n and_o bring_v the_o black_a monk_n of_o chester_n and_o place_v they_o in_o the_o say_a church_n and_o the_o holy_a trinity_n stand_v there_o in_o a_o stately_a shrine_n or_o seat_n and_o john_n himself_o take_v it_o down_o out_o of_o the_o church_n and_o ordain_v a_o chapel_n for_o that_o image_n and_o in_o the_o great_a church_n set_v up_o the_o image_n of_o s._n patrick_n which_o displease_v the_o most_o high_a god_n therefore_o thus_o say_v god_n know_v thou_o well_o that_o thou_o shall_v never_o enter_v into_o thy_o signiory_n in_o ireland_n howbeit_o in_o regard_n of_o other_o good_a deed_n that_o thou_o have_v do_v thou_o shall_v with_o honour_n be_v deliver_v forth_o of_o prison_n which_o also_o come_v to_o pass_v and_o now_o by_o this_o time_n there_o arise_v a_o contention_n between_o john_n king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n about_o a_o seignory_n and_o certain_a castle_n and_o this_o suit_n or_o controversy_n still_o depend_v the_o king_n of_o france_n offer_v unto_o he_o a_o giant_n or_o champion_n to_o fight_v for_o his_o right_n then_o the_o king_n of_o england_n call_v to_o remembrance_n his_o most_o valiant_a knight_n john_n curcie_n who_o upon_o the_o information_n of_o other_o he_o have_v before_o cast_v into_o prison_n the_o king_n therefore_o send_v for_o john_n curcie_n and_o ask_v he_o if_o he_o be_v able_a to_o help_v and_o stand_v he_o in_o stead_n in_o a_o combat_n then_o john_n answer_v and_o say_v i_o will_v not_o fight_v for_o thou_o but_o for_o the_o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o which_o afterward_o he_o undertake_v to_o do_v his_o endeavour_n in_o single_a fight_n and_o so_o refresh_v himself_o with_o meat_n drink_n and_o bathe_v and_o take_v the_o virtue_n of_o his_o own_o fortitude_n and_o strength_n and_o a_o day_n be_v appoint_v between_o these_o giant_n or_o champion_n namely_o between_o john_n curcie_n and_o the_o other_o but_o when_o the_o champion_n of_o france_n hear_v of_o his_o exceed_a great_a feed_v and_o of_o his_o strength_n he_o refuse_v the_o combat_n and_o then_o be_v the_o say_a signiory_n give_v unto_o the_o king_n of_o england_n then_o the_o king_n of_o france_n request_v to_o see_v a_o stroke_n give_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o john_n curcie_n and_o he_o set_v a_o strong_a and_o doughty_a good_a morion_n full_a of_o mail_n upon_o a_o great_a block_n or_o log_n of_o wood_n and_o the_o foresay_a john_n take_v his_o skein_n or_o sword_n and_o look_v back_o round_o about_o he_o with_o a_o stern_a and_o grim_a countenance_n smite_v the_o moâ—ion_n through_o from_o the_o very_a crest_n downward_o into_o the_o block_n and_o the_o sword_n stick_v in_o the_o wood_n so_o fast_o that_o no_o other_o man_n but_o himself_o be_v able_a to_o pluck_v out_o the_o sword_n then_o john_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o king_n easy_o pluck_v it_o forth_o and_o the_o king_n demand_v of_o the_o foresay_a john_n wherefore_o he_o look_v behind_o he_o with_o so_o grim_a a_o countenance_n before_o he_o give_v the_o stroke_n who_o answer_v that_o if_o he_o have_v fail_v in_o give_v that_o stroke_n he_o will_v have_v slay_v they_o all_o as_o well_o king_n as_o other_o and_o the_o king_n give_v unto_o he_o great_a gift_n yea_o and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n render_v unto_o he_o also_o his_o signiory_n of_o ulster_n but_o john_n curcie_n attempt_v 15._o time_n to_o sail_v over_o sea_n into_o ireland_n but_o be_v always_o in_o danger_n and_o the_o wind_n evermore_o against_o he_o wherefore_o he_o wait_v a_o while_n among_o the_o monk_n of_o chester_n at_o length_n he_o return_v into_o france_n and_o there_o rest_v in_o the_o lord_n mccu._n the_o abbey_n of_o wetheney_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lymericke_n be_v found_v by_o theobald_n the_o son_n of_o walter_n butler_n lord_n of_o karryke_n mccvi_o the_o order_n of_o friar_n minor_n be_v begin_v near_o the_o city_n assisa_n by_o saint_n francis_n mccviii_o william_n breos_n be_v expel_v out_o of_o england_n and_o come_v into_o ireland_n england_n be_v interdict_v for_o the_o tyranny_n of_o king_n john_n of_o england_n likewise_o a_o great_a overthrow_n and_o slaughter_n happen_v at_o thurles_n in_o monster_n commit_v upon_o the_o lord_n justice_n of_o ireland_n man_n by_o sir_n geoffrey_n mareys_fw-la mccx_o john_n king_n of_o england_n come_v into_o ireland_n with_o a_o great_a fleet_n and_o a_o puissant_a army_n and_o for_o that_o the_o son_n of_o hugh_n lacie_n to_o wit_n the_o lord_n walter_n lord_n of_o meth_n and_o hugh_n his_o brother_n exercise_v tyranny_n upon_o the_o commons_o and_o especial_o because_o they_o slay_v sir_n john_n curson_n lord_n of_o rathenny_n and_o kilbarrocke_n for_o they_o hear_v that_o the_o foresay_a john_n accuse_v they_o unto_o the_o king_n therefore_o i_o say_v the_o king_n drive_v the_o foresay_a son_n of_o hugh_n lacie_n out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o they_o flee_v into_o france_n and_o serve_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o saint_n taurin_n as_o unknown_a work_v about_o clay_n and_o brick_n and_o sometime_o in_o garden_n as_o gardiner_n but_o at_o length_n they_o be_v know_v by_o the_o abbot_n of_o the_o say_a monastery_n and_o the_o say_a abbot_n entreat_v the_o king_n for_o they_o because_o he_o have_v baptize_v his_o son_n and_o be_v godsib_n unto_o he_o as_o a_o godfather_n many_o time_n and_o walter_n lacie_n pay_v two_o thousand_o and_o five_o hundred_o mark_n and_o hugh_n lacie_n pay_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n unto_o the_o king_n for_o his_o ransom_n and_o at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o say_a abbot_n restore_v they_o be_v again_o unto_o their_o former_a degree_n and_o signiory_n and_o walter_n lacie_n bring_v with_o he_o john_n the_o son_n of_o alured_n that_o be_v fitz-acory_a son_n to_o the_o foresay_a abbat_n whole_a brother_n and_o he_o make_v he_o knight_n and_o give_v unto_o he_o the_o signiory_n of_o dengle_n and_o many_o other_o lordship_n item_n he_o bring_v monk_n with_o he_o out_o of_o the_o same_o monastery_n and_o give_v unto_o they_o many_o ferme_n and_o the_o cell_n call_v fourie_n in_o regard_n of_o charity_n thankfulness_n and_o counsel_n and_o hugh_n lacie_n earl_n of_o ulster_n make_v a_o cell_n for_o monk_n and_o endow_v they_o in_o ulster_n in_o a_o place_n call_v ....._o but_o john_n king_n of_o england_n have_v take_v many_o pledge_n and_o hostage_n as_o well_o of_o english_a as_o of_o irish_a and_o hang_v a_o number_n of_o malefactor_n upon_o jebbit_n and_o settle_v the_o state_n of_o the_o land_n return_v into_o england_n the_o same_o year_n that_o he_o come_v
william_n vescy_n flee_v into_o france_n and_o will_v not_o fight_v then_o the_o king_n of_o england_n give_v all_o the_o signory_n and_o lordship_n which_o be_v the_o lord_n william_n vescy_n unto_o sir_n john_n fitz-thomas_n to_o wit_n kildare_n rathemgan_n and_o many_o other_o the_o same_o year_n gilbert_n clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n return_v out_o of_o ireland_n into_o england_n likewise_o richard_n earl_n of_o ulster_n soon_o after_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n nicholas_n be_v taâ—en_o prisoner_n by_o sir_n john_n fitz-thomas_n and_o keep_v in_o ward_n within_o the_o castle_n of_o ley_n unto_o the_o feast_n of_o saint_n gregory_n the_o pope_n who_o enlargement_n be_v then_o make_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o a_o parliament_n at_o kilkenny_n for_o the_o take_n of_o who_o the_o foresay_a sir_n john_n fitz-thomas_n give_v all_o his_o land_n to_o wit_n slygah_n with_o the_o pertenance_n which_o he_o have_v in_o connaght_n item_n the_o castle_n of_o kildare_n be_v win_v kildare_n and_o the_o country_n round_o about_o it_o be_v spoil_v by_o the_o english_a and_o irish._n caluagh_n burn_v all_o the_o roll_n and_o tally_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n great_a dearth_n and_o pestilence_n there_o be_v throughout_o ireland_n this_o year_n and_o the_o two_o next_o ensue_v item_n lord_n william_n odyngzele_n be_v make_v justice_n of_o ireland_n mccxcv_o edward_n king_n of_o england_n build_v the_o castle_n de_fw-fr bello-marisco_a that_o be_v beaumaris_n in_o venedocia_fw-la which_o be_v call_v mother_n of_o cambria_n and_o of_o the_o common_a sort_n anglesey_n enter_v unto_o the_o say_v anglesey_n straight_o after_o easter_n and_o subdue_a the_o venodote_n that_o be_v the_o able_a man_n of_o anglesey_n under_o his_o dominion_n and_o soon_o after_o this_o time_n namely_o after_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n margaret_n madock_n at_o that_o time_n the_o elect_a prince_n of_o wales_n submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n grace_n and_o favour_n be_v bring_v by_o john_n haverings_n to_o london_n and_o there_o shut_v up_o prisoner_n in_o the_o tower_n expect_v the_o king_n grace_n and_o benevolence_n this_o year_n die_v lord_n william_n odingzele_n justice_n of_o ireland_n the_o morrow_n after_o s._n mary_n of_o egypt_n who_o succeed_v sir_n thomas_n fitz-maurice_n in_o the_o justiceship_n item_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o irish_a of_o leinster_n waste_v leinster_n burn_v newcastle_n with_o other_o town_n item_n thomas_n torbevile_n a_o traitor_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o realm_n be_v convict_v be_v draw_v through_o the_o midst_n of_o london_n lie_v along_o prostrate_a guard_v with_o four_o tormentor_n disguise_v under_o vizard_n taunt_a and_o revile_v he_o and_o thus_o in_o the_o end_n be_v hang_v upon_o a_o jibbet_n in_o chain_n so_o as_o his_o carcase_n may_v not_o be_v commit_v to_o sepulture_n but_o kite_n carrion_a crow_n and_o raven_n celebrate_v his_o funeral_n this_o thomas_n be_v one_o of_o they_o which_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o rion_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o bring_v to_o paris_n who_o speak_v unto_o the_o peer_n of_o france_n and_o say_v that_o he_o will_v betray_v the_o king_n of_o england_n into_o their_o hand_n and_o leave_v there_o his_o two_o son_n for_o hostage_n return_v from_o the_o part_n beyond-sea_o join_v himself_o unto_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o counsel_n relate_v unto_o they_o all_o how_o crafty_o he_o escape_v out_o of_o prison_n and_o when_o he_o have_v get_v intelligence_n of_o the_o king_n designment_n and_o the_o order_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o put_v all_o in_o writing_n and_o direct_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o provost_n of_o paris_n for_o which_o be_v in_o the_o end_n convict_v he_o receive_v the_o sentence_n of_o judgement_n aforesaid_a item_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o scot_n have_v break_v the_o bond_n of_o peace_n which_o they_o have_v covenant_v with_o the_o lord_n edward_n king_n of_o england_n make_v a_o new_a league_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o conspire_v together_o rose_z up_o in_o arm_n against_o their_o own_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o king_n john_n balliol_n and_o enclose_v he_o within_o the_o inland_n part_n of_o scotland_n in_o a_o castle_n environ_v and_o fence_a round_n about_o with_o mountain_n they_o elect_v unto_o themselves_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o france_n twelve_o peer_n to_o wit_n four_o bishop_n four_o earl_n and_o four_o lord_n of_o the_o nobility_n by_o who_o will_n and_o direction_n all_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v manage_v and_o this_o be_v do_v in_o despite_n and_o to_o disgrace_v the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o that_o against_o the_o will_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o scot_n the_o say_a john_n be_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n set_v over_o they_o to_o be_v their_o sovereign_n item_n the_o king_n of_o england_n bring_v a_o army_n again_o towards_o scotland_n in_o lent_n follow_v to_o repress_v the_o rash_a arrogancy_n and_o presumption_n of_o the_o scot_n against_o their_o own_o father_n and_o king_n item_n sir_n john_n wogan_n be_v make_v justice_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o lord_n thomas_n fitz-maurice_n give_v place_n unto_o he_o item_n the_o say_a john_n wogan_n justice_n of_o ireland_n make_v peace_n and_o truce_n to_o last_v for_o two_o year_n between_o the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o john_n fitz-thomas_n and_o the_o geraldine_n item_n in_o these_o day_n about_o the_o feast_n of_o christ_n his_o nativity_n gilbert_n clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n finish_v this_o life_n item_n the_o king_n of_o england_n send_v his_o brother_n edmund_n with_o a_o army_n into_o gascoigne_n mccxcvi_o the_o lord_n edward_n king_n of_o england_n the_o three_o day_n before_o the_o calends_n of_o april_n to_o wit_n upon_o friday_n that_o fall_v out_o then_o to_o be_v in_o easter_n week_n win_v berwicke_n wherein_o be_v slay_v about_o 7000._o scot_n and_o of_o the_o english_a one_o only_a knight_n to_o wit_n sir_n richard_n cornwall_n with_o seven_o footman_n and_o no_o more_o item_n short_o after_o namely_o upon_o the_o four_o of_o may_n he_o enter_v the_o castle_n of_o dunbar_n and_o take_v prisoner_n of_o the_o enemy_n about_o forty_o man_n alive_a who_o all_o submit_a themselves_o to_o the_o king_n grace_n and_o mercy_n have_v before_o defeat_v the_o whole_a army_n of_o the_o scot_n that_o be_v to_o say_v slay_v seven_o hundred_o man_n of_o arm_n neither_o be_v there_o slay_v of_o the_o english_a man_n in_o that_o service_n as_o well_o of_o horseman_n as_o of_o footman_n but_o ..._o footman_n only_o item_n upon_o the_o day_n of_o saint_n john_n before_o port-latin_a no_o small_a number_n of_o welshman_n even_o about_o fifteen_o thousand_o by_o commandment_n of_o the_o king_n go_v into_o scotland_n to_o invade_v and_o conquer_v it_o and_o the_o same_o time_n the_o great_a lord_n of_o ireland_n to_o wit_n john_n wogan_n justice_n of_o ireland_n richard_n bourk_n earl_n of_o ulster_n theobald_n butler_n and_o john_n fitz-thomas_n with_o other_o come_v to_o aid_v and_o sail_v over_o sea_n into_o scotland_n the_o king_n of_o england_n also_o entertain_v they_o upon_o the_o three_o day_n before_o the_o ides_n of_o may_n to_o wit_n on_o whitsunday_n make_v a_o great_a and_o solemn_a feast_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o rokesburgh_n to_o they_o and_o other_o knight_n of_o england_n item_n upon_o the_o next_o wednesday_n before_o the_o feast_n of_o saint_n barnaby_n the_o apostle_n he_o enter_v the_o town_n of_o edeâ—burgh_n and_o win_v the_o castle_n before_o the_o feast_n of_o saint_n john_n baptist_n and_o short_o after_o even_o in_o the_o same_o summer_n be_v all_o the_o castle_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o scotland_n render_v up_o into_o his_o hand_n item_n the_o same_o lord_n john_n balliol_n king_n of_o scotland_n come_v though_o unwilling_a upon_o the_o sunday_n next_o after_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o translation_n of_o saint_n thomas_n the_o archbishop_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n with_o earl_n bishop_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o knight_n beside_o and_o submit_v themselves_o unto_o the_o king_n grace_n and_o will_n save_v life_n and_o limb_n and_o the_o lord_n john_n balliol_n resign_v up_o all_o his_o right_n of_o scotland_n into_o the_o king_n of_o england_n his_o hand_n who_o the_o lord_n the_o king_n send_v towards_o the_o part_n about_o london_n under_o safe_a conduct_n item_n edmund_n the_o king_n of_o england_n brother_n die_v in_o gascoigne_n mccxcvii_o lord_n edward_n king_n of_o england_n sail_v over_o into_o flanders_n with_o a_o power_n of_o arm_a man_n against_o the_o king_n of_o france_n for_o the_o war_n that_o be_v raise_v between_o they_o where_o after_o great_a expense_n and_o much_o altercation_n a_o certain_a form_n of_o peace_n be_v conclude_v between_o they_o with_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v submit_v themselves_o unto_o the_o ordinance_n of_o
there_o establish_v on_o the_o east-side_n where_o it_o face_v the_o city_n constantia_n there_o be_v seat_v upon_o a_o steep_a rock_n a_o most_o strong_a castle_n with_o a_o haughty_a name_n call_v mont_fw-fr orgueil_fw-fr which_o be_v much_o behold_v unto_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o who_o repair_v it_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o isle_n be_v captain_n thereof_o who_o in_o time_n past_a be_v call_v the_o custos_fw-la of_o the_o isle_n and_o in_o henry_n the_o three_o his_o reign_n have_v a_o yearly_a pension_n of_o 200._o pound_n on_o the_o south_n side_n but_o with_o long_a distance_n between_o saint_n malo_n be_v to_o be_v see_v have_v take_v that_o new_a name_n of_o maclou_n a_o very_a devout_a man_n where_o before_o time_n it_o be_v call_v the_o city_n diablintum_n and_o in_o the_o ancient_a notice_n aletum_fw-la for_o in_o a_o manuscript_n of_o isidor_n mercator_n we_o read_v thus_o in_o express_a term_n civitas_n diablintum_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v the_o city_n diablintum_n which_o by_o another_o name_n be_v call_v aletum_fw-la as_o for_o the_o inhabitant_n they_o fresh_o practise_v the_o feat_n of_o fish_v but_o give_v their_o mind_n especial_o to_o husbandry_n and_o the_o woman_n make_v a_o very_a gainful_a trade_n by_o knit_v of_o hose_n which_o they_o call_v jarsey_n stockes_n or_o stocking_n as_o touch_v the_o politic_a state_n thereof_o a_o governor_n send_v from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v the_o chief_a magistrate_n he_o appoint_v a_o bailiff_n who_o together_o with_o twelve_o jurat_n or_o swear_v assistant_n and_o those_o choose_v out_o of_o the_o twelve_o several_a parish_n by_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o parishioner_n sit_v to_o minister_v justice_n in_o civil_a cause_n in_o criminal_a matter_n he_o sit_v but_o with_o seven_o of_o the_o say_v swear_v assistant_n and_o in_o cause_n of_o conscience_n to_o be_v decide_v by_o equity_n and_o reason_n with_o three_o twenty_o mile_n hence_o northwest_n lie_v another_o island_n which_o antonine_n the_o emperor_n in_o ancient_a time_n name_v sarnia_n we_o at_o this_o day_n garnsey_n smyris_n lie_v out_o east_n and_o west_n in_o fashion_n of_o a_o harp_n neither_o in_o greatness_n nor_o in_o fruitfulness_n comparable_a to_o jersey_n for_o it_o have_v in_o it_o only_o ten_o parish_n yet_o be_v this_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o it_o because_o it_o foster_v no_o venomous_a thing_n therein_o like_v as_o the_o other_o do_v it_o be_v also_o better_o fortify_v by_o natural_a fence_n as_o be_v enclose_v round_o with_o a_o set_n of_o steep_a rock_n among_o which_o be_v find_v that_o most_o hard_a and_o sharp_a stone_n smyris_n which_o we_o term_v emerill_n wherewith_o goldsmith_n and_o lapidary_n cleanse_v burnish_v and_o cut_v their_o precious_a stone_n and_o glazier_n also_o divide_v and_o cleave_v their_o glass_n likewise_o it_o be_v of_o great_a name_n for_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o haven_n and_o the_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n resort_v thither_o for_o in_o the_o far_a part_n well_o near_o eastward_o but_o on_o the_o south_n side_n it_o admit_v a_o haven_n within_o a_o hollow_a bay_n bend_v inward_a like_o a_o half_a moon_n able_a to_o receive_v tall_a ship_n upon_o which_o stand_v saint_n peter_n a_o little_a town_n build_v with_o a_o long_a and_o narrow_a street_n well_o store_v with_o warlike_a munition_n and_o ever_o as_o any_o war_n be_v towards_o mighty_o replenish_v with_o merchant_n for_o by_o a_o ancient_a privilege_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n here_o be_v always_o a_o continual_a truce_n as_o it_o be_v and_o lawful_a it_o be_v for_o frenchman_n and_o other_o how_o hot_a soever_o the_o war_n be_v to_o have_v repair_v hither_o too_o and_o fro_o without_o danger_n and_o to_o maintain_v intercourse_n of_o traffic_n in_o security_n the_o entry_n of_o the_o haven_n which_o be_v rocky_a be_v fortify_v on_o both_o side_n with_o castle_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n there_o be_v a_o ancient_a bulwark_n or_o blockhouse_n and_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n over_o against_o it_o stand_v another_o call_v cornet_n upon_o a_o high_a rock_n and_o the_o same_o at_o every_o high_a water_n compass_v about_o with_o the_o sea_n which_o in_o queen_n mary_n day_n sir_n leonard_n chamberlain_n governor_n of_o the_o island_n as_o also_o under_o queen_n elizabeth_n sir_n thomas_n leighton_n his_o successor_n cause_v to_o be_v fortify_v with_o new_a work_n for_o here_o lie_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o island_n and_o the_o garrison_n soldier_n who_o will_v in_o no_o hand_n suffer_v frenchmen_n and_o woman_n to_o enter_v in_o on_o the_o north_n side_n there_o be_v la-vall_a a_o biland_n adjoin_v unto_o it_o which_o have_v belong_v thereto_o a_o covent_n of_o religious_a person_n or_o a_o priory_n on_o the_o west_n part_v near_o unto_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v a_o lake_n that_o take_v up_o a_o mile_n and_o half_a in_o compass_n replenish_v with_o fish_n but_o carp_n especial_o which_o for_o bigness_n and_o pleasant_a taste_n be_v right_o commendable_a the_o inhabitant_n be_v nothing_o so_o industrious_a in_o till_v of_o the_o ground_n as_o those_o of_o jarsey_n but_o in_o navigation_n and_o traffic_n of_o merchandise_n for_o a_o more_o uncertain_a gain_n they_o be_v very_o painful_a every_o man_n by_o himself_o love_v to_o husband_n his_o own_o land_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a island_n lie_v in_o several_a and_o be_v divide_v by_o enclosure_n into_o sundry_a parcel_n which_o they_o find_v not_o only_o profitable_a to_o themselves_o but_o also_o a_o matter_n of_o strength_n against_o the_o enemy_n both_o land_n smile_v right_a pleasant_o upon_o you_o with_o much_o variety_n of_o green_a garden_n and_o orchard_n by_o mean_n whereof_o they_o use_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o kind_n of_o wine_n make_v of_o apple_n which_o some_o call_v sisera_n and_o we_o sydre_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o both_o place_n be_v by_o their_o first_o original_n either_o norman_n or_o britan_n and_o speak_v french_a yet_o disdain_v they_o to_o be_v either_o repute_v or_o name_v french_a and_o can_v very_o well_o be_v content_a to_o be_v call_v english_a in_o both_o land_n likewise_o they_o burn_v uraic_a for_o their_o fuel_n or_o else_o sea-coal_n bring_v out_o of_o england_n and_o in_o both_o place_n they_o have_v wonderful_a store_n of_o fish_n and_o the_o same_o manner_n of_o civil_a government_n these_o land_n with_o other_o lie_v about_o they_o belong_v in_o old_a time_n to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o normandy_n lose_v but_o when_o as_o henry_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n have_v vanquish_v his_o brother_n robert_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1108._o he_o annex_v that_o dukedom_n and_o these_o land_n unto_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n since_o which_o time_n they_o have_v continue_v firm_a in_o loyalty_n unto_o england_n even_o when_o john_n king_n of_o england_n be_v indict_v for_o murder_a arthur_n his_o nephew_n be_v by_o a_o definitive_a sentence_n or_o arrest_v of_o confiscation_n deprive_v of_o his_o right_n in_o normandy_n which_o he_o hold_v in_o chief_a of_o the_o french_a king_n yea_o moreover_o when_o the_o french_a have_v seize_v upon_o these_o isle_n he_o through_o the_o faithful_a affection_n of_o the_o people_n twice_o recover_v they_o neither_o revolt_v they_o when_o henry_n the_o three_o king_n of_o england_n have_v for_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n surrender_v his_o whole_a interest_n and_o right_n in_o normandy_n and_o ever_o since_o they_o have_v with_o great_a commendation_n of_o their_o constancy_n persist_v faithful_a unto_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o be_v the_o only_o remain_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v of_o the_o ancient_a inheritance_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o of_o the_o duchy_n of_o normandy_n although_o the_o french_a otherwhiles_o have_v set_v upon_o they_o who_o from_o the_o neighbour_n coast_n of_o france_n have_v hardly_o this_o long_a time_n endure_v to_o see_v they_o appertain_v not_o to_o france_n but_o to_o england_n and_o very_o evan_n a_o welsh_a gentleman_n descend_v from_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o serve_v the_o french_a king_n tillet_n surprise_a garnesey_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o but_o soon_o lose_v it_o and_o also_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o as_o appear_z by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o realm_n they_o seize_v upon_o the_o same_o but_o through_o the_o valour_n of_o richard_n harleston_n valect_n of_o the_o crown_n for_o so_o they_o term_v he_o in_o those_o day_n they_o be_v short_o disseize_v and_o the_o king_n in_o recompense_n of_o his_o valorous_a service_n give_v unto_o he_o the_o captainship_n both_o of_o the_o island_n and_o of_o the_o castle_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1549._o when_o england_n under_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o a_o child_n be_v distress_v with_o domestical_a trouble_n leo_fw-la strozzi_n captain_n of_o
fore-token_n of_o justice_n have_v the_o knot_n of_o white_a silk_n make_v in_o form_n of_o a_o cross_n with_o a_o hood_n upon_o their_o left_a shoulder_n but_o of_o these_o compliment_n which_o my_o purpose_n be_v not_o to_o prosecute_v in_o particular_a this_o may_v be_v think_v sufficient_a if_o not_o superfluous_a now_o as_o touch_v those_o knight_n who_o simple_o without_o any_o addition_n be_v call_v knight_n knight_n and_o howsoever_o they_o be_v in_o order_n range_v last_o yet_o by_o institution_n they_o be_v first_o and_o of_o great_a antiquity_n for_o as_o the_o roman_n a_o gown_a nation_n give_v unto_o they_o that_o be_v enter_v into_o man_n estate_n a_o virile_a and_o plain_a gown_n without_o welt_n or_o guard_n even_o so_o the_o german_n our_o ancestor_n bestow_v upon_o their_o young_a man_n who_o they_o judge_v meet_v for_o to_o manage_v arm_n armour_n and_o weapon_n which_o cornelius_n tacitus_n will_v inform_v you_o of_o in_o these_o word_n of_o he_o the_o manner_n be_v not_o for_o any_o one_o to_o take_v arm_n in_o hand_n germanorum_n before_o the_o state_n allow_v he_o as_o sufficient_a for_o martial_a service_n and_o then_o in_o the_o very_a assembly_n of_o counsel_n either_o some_o one_o of_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o father_n of_o the_o young_a man_n or_o one_o of_o his_o kinsfolk_n furnish_v he_o with_o a_o shield_n and_o a_o javelin_n this_o with_o they_o stand_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o virile_a gown_n this_o be_v the_o first_o honour_n do_v to_o youth_n before_o this_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v but_o part_n of_o a_o private_a house_n but_o now_o within_o a_o while_n member_n of_o the_o commonweal_n and_o see_v that_o such_o military_a young_a man_n they_o term_v in_o their_o language_n as_o we_o in_o we_o knecht_v from_o they_o i_o deem_v the_o original_a both_o of_o name_n and_o institution_n also_o aught_o to_o be_v fetch_v this_o be_v the_o first_o and_o most_o simple_a manner_n of_o create_v a_o knight_n this_o the_o lombard_n this_o the_o frankes_n this_o our_o countryman_n all_o descend_v out_o of_o germany_n in_o old_a time_n use_v 22._o paulus_n diaconus_fw-la report_v thus_o among_o the_o lombard_n this_o be_v the_o custom_n that_o the_o king_n son_n dine_v not_o with_o his_o father_n unless_o he_o receive_v arm_n before_o from_o some_o king_n of_o a_o foreign_a nation_n the_o annal_n of_o france_n record_n that_o the_o king_n of_o the_o frank_n give_v arm_n unto_o their_o son_n and_o to_o other_o and_o gird_v they_o with_o a_o sword_n yea_o and_o our_o aelfred_n as_o william_n of_o malmesburie_n witness_v when_o he_o dub_v athelstan_n his_o nephew_n knight_n be_v a_o child_n of_o great_a hope_n give_v he_o a_o scarlet_a mantle_n a_o belt_n or_o girdle_n set_v with_o precious_a stone_n and_o a_o saxon-sword_n with_o a_o golden_a scabbard_n afterward_o when_o as_o religion_n have_v possess_v man_n mind_n so_o as_o that_o they_o think_v nothing_o well_o &_o fortunate_o do_v but_o what_o come_v from_o churchman_n our_o ancestor_n a_o little_a before_o the_o norman_n come_v receive_v the_o sword_n at_o their_o hand_n and_o this_o ingulphus_n who_o live_v in_o those_o day_n show_v in_o these_o word_n he_o that_o be_v to_o be_v consecrate_v unto_o lawful_a warfare_n shall_v the_o evening_n before_o with_o a_o contrite_a heart_n make_v confession_n of_o his_o sin_n unto_o the_o bishop_n abbot_z monk_n or_o priest_n and_o be_v absolve_v give_v himself_o to_o prayer_n and_o lodge_v all_o night_n in_o the_o church_n and_o when_o he_o be_v to_o hear_v divine_a service_n the_o morrow_n after_o offer_v his_o sword_n upon_o the_o altar_n and_o after_o the_o gospel_n the_o priest_n be_v to_o puâ—_n the_o sword_n first_o hallow_v upon_o the_o knight_n neck_n with_o his_o benediction_n and_o so_o when_o he_o have_v hear_v mass_n again_o and_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n he_o become_v a_o lawful_a knight_n neither_o grow_v this_o custom_n out_o of_o use_v straight_a way_n under_o the_o norman_n for_o john_n of_o sarisburie_n write_v in_o his_o polycraticon_n thus_o a_o solemn_a custom_n be_v take_v up_o and_o use_v that_o the_o very_a day_n when_o any_o one_o be_v to_o be_v honour_v with_o the_o girdle_n of_o knighthood_n he_o shall_v solemn_o go_v to_o church_n and_o by_o lay_v and_o offer_v his_o sword_n upon_o the_o altar_n vow_v himself_o as_o it_o be_v by_o make_v a_o solemn_a profession_n to_o the_o service_n of_o the_o altar_n that_o be_v to_o say_v promise_v perpetual_a service_n and_o obsequious_a duty_n unto_o the_o lord_n peter_n also_o of_o blois_n write_v thus_o at_o this_o day_n young_a knight_n 94._o and_o soldier_n receive_v their_o sword_n from_o the_o altar_n that_o they_o may_v profess_v themselves_o son_n of_o the_o church_n and_o to_o have_v take_v the_o sword_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o poor_a for_o punishment_n and_o revenge_n of_o malefactor_n and_o delivery_n of_o their_o country_n but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n say_v he_o it_o be_v turn_v clean_o contrary_a for_o in_o these_o day_n since_o they_o be_v become_v adorn_v with_o the_o knight_n cincture_n present_o they_o arise_v against_o the_o anoint_v of_o the_o lord_n and_o rage_n upon_o the_o patrimony_n of_o christ_n crucify_v and_o as_o for_o this_o ceremony_n that_o they_o will_v be_v gird_v with_o a_o sword_n it_o may_v seem_v no_o doubt_n to_o have_v proceed_v from_o the_o military_a discipline_n of_o the_o roman_n because_o as_o they_o deny_v it_o unlawful_a to_o fight_v with_o their_o enemy_n before_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o their_o military_a oath_n by_o a_o draw_a sword_n even_o so_o our_o forefather_n think_v they_o may_v not_o go_v to_o warfare_n lawful_o before_o they_o be_v by_o this_o ceremony_n lawful_o authorise_v according_a to_o which_o we_o read_v that_o william_n rufus_n king_n of_o england_n be_v dub_v knight_n by_o lanfranke_a the_o archbishop_n but_o this_o custom_n by_o little_a and_o little_o grow_v to_o disuse_n since_o the_o time_n that_o the_o norman_n as_o ingulphus_n write_v laugh_v and_o scorn_v at_o it_o and_o in_o a_o synod_n at_o westminster_n an._n 1102._o a_o canon_n pass_v that_o no_o abbat_n shall_v dub_v knight_n which_o some_o notwithstanding_o expound_v thus_o that_o abbat_n shall_v grant_v no_o land_n of_o the_o church_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n or_o in_o knight_n fee_n or_o service_n afterward_o king_n be_v wont_a to_o send_v their_o son_n unto_o the_o neighbour_n prince_n to_o receive_v knighthood_n at_o their_o hand_n thus_o be_v our_o k._n henry_n the_o second_o send_v unto_o david_n king_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o malcolm_n king_n of_o scot_n unto_o our_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o our_o edward_n the_o first_o unto_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n to_o take_v of_o they_o military_a or_o virile_a arm_n for_o these_o term_n and_o phrase_n they_o use_v in_o that_o age_n for_o the_o creation_n of_o a_o knight_n then_o it_o be_v also_o that_o beside_o the_o sword_n and_o girdle_n gild_a spur_n be_v add_v for_o more_o ornament_n whereupon_o at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v call_v in_o latin_a equites_fw-la aurati_fw-la moreover_o they_o have_v the_o privilege_n to_o wear_v &_o use_v a_o signet_n for_o before_o they_o be_v dub_v knight_n as_o i_o gather_v out_o of_o abendon_n book_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o use_v a_o seal_n which_o write_v quoth_v he_o richard_n earl_n of_o chester_n purpose_v to_o sign_n with_o the_o seal_n of_o his_o mother_n ermentrud_n consider_v that_o all_o letter_n which_o he_o direct_v for_o as_o yet_o he_o have_v not_o knight_n take_v the_o military_a girdle_n be_v make_v up_o and_o close_v within_o his_o mother_n signet_n in_o the_o age_n ensue_v knight_n as_o it_o may_v be_v well_o collect_v be_v make_v by_o their_o wealth_n and_o state_n of_o live_v for_o they_o which_o have_v a_o great_a knight_n fee_n that_o be_v if_o we_o may_v believe_v old_a record_n 100_o 680._o acre_n of_o land_n claim_v as_o their_o right_n the_o ornament_n and_o badge_n of_o knighthood_n nay_o rather_o under_o henry_n the_o three_o they_o be_v compel_v after_o a_o sort_n to_o be_v knight_n as_o many_o as_o in_o revenue_n of_o their_o land_n may_v dispend_v fifteen_o pound_n by_o the_o year_n so_o as_o now_o it_o seem_v a_o title_n of_o burden_n rather_o than_o of_o honour_n in_o the_o year_n 1256._o there_o go_v out_o a_o edict_n from_o the_o king_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o commandment_n be_v give_v &_o proclamation_n make_v throughout_o the_o realm_n that_o whosoever_o have_v fifteen_o pound_n in_o land_n and_o above_o shall_v be_v dight_v in_o his_o arm_n and_o endow_v with_o knighthood_n to_o the_o end_n that_o england_n as_o well_o as_o italy_n may_v be_v strengthen_v with_o chivalry_n and_o they_o that_o will_v not_o or_o be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v the_o honour_n
of_o knighthood_n shall_v fine_v for_o it_o and_o pay_v a_o piece_n of_o money_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o king_n record_n we_o meet_v so_o often_o with_o this_o for_o respite_n of_o knighthood_n a._n de_fw-fr n.i.h._n etc._n etc._n also_o such_o like_a presentment_n from_o the_o juror_n or_o swear_v enquest_n as_o this_o r._n de_fw-la s._n laurence_n hold_v a_o entire_a and_o whole_a fee_n be_v at_o full_a age_n and_o not_o yet_o knight_n therefore_o in_o misericordia_fw-la that_o be_v to_o be_v fine_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n to_o this_o time_n and_o after_o unless_o i_o fail_v in_o my_o observation_n in_o the_o brief_n and_o instrument_n our_o law_n when_o twelve_o man_n or_o jurer_n be_v name_v before_o who_o there_o pass_v trial_n or_o proof_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la that_o be_v of_o a_o fact_n they_o be_v call_v milites_fw-la that_o be_v knights_z who_o have_v a_o complete_a fee_n and_o those_o milites_fw-la gladio_fw-la cincti_fw-la that_o be_v knight_n with_o cincture_n of_o sword_n who_o by_o the_o king_n be_v gird_v with_o the_o belt_n of_o knighthood_n at_o which_o time_n when_o the_o king_n be_v to_o create_v knight_n as_o the_o say_v matthew_n paris_n write_v he_o sit_v glorious_o in_o his_o seat_n of_o estate_n array_v in_o cloth_n of_o gold_n of_o the_o most_o precious_a and_o costly_a bawdkin_n and_o crown_v with_o his_o crown_n of_o gold_n and_o to_o every_o knight_n he_o allow_v or_o give_v 100_o shilling_n for_o his_o compliment_n harnessement_n and_o not_o only_o the_o king_n but_o also_o earl_n in_o those_o day_n create_v knight_n for_o the_o same_o author_n report_v how_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n invest_v with_o a_o military_a girdle_n his_o brother_n william_n after_o he_o have_v proclaim_v a_o turneament_n simon_n likewise_o the_o montefort_n earl_n of_o leicester_n do_v the_o same_o by_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n like_a as_o in_o france_n a_o thing_n that_o evident_o appear_v by_o the_o patent_n or_o instrument_n of_o ennoblishment_n nobilitation_n he_o that_o have_v obtain_v such_o letter_n of_o nobilitationis_fw-la ennoblishment_n be_v enable_v to_o be_v dub_v knight_n and_o receive_v the_o girdle_n of_o knighthood_n at_o any_o knight_n hand_n that_o he_o will_v himself_o but_o since_o that_o time_n have_v no_o man_n with_o we_o be_v create_v knight_n but_o either_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o the_o king_n elder_a son_n warrant_v before_o by_o authority_n receive_v from_o his_o father_n or_o else_o by_o the_o king_n lieutenant_n or_o deputy_n general_n in_o the_o camp_n and_o that_o in_o consideration_n either_o of_o some_o valiant_a act_n achieve_v or_o exploit_n to_o be_v perform_v abroad_o in_o arm_n or_o else_o of_o wisdom_n and_o policy_n at_o home_n and_o very_o a_o most_o prudent_a and_o wise_a order_n be_v this_o that_o our_o king_n take_v since_o they_o have_v not_o any_o fee_n or_o land_n now_o to_o bestow_v upon_o they_o neither_o be_v their_o i_o assure_v you_o any_o thing_n of_o more_o validity_n to_o give_v a_o edge_n unto_o the_o courage_n of_o hardy_a man_n and_o to_o bind_v unto_o they_o their_o best_a subject_n and_o such_o as_o have_v deserve_v well_o be_v otherwise_o worshipful_o descend_v and_o of_o honourable_a parentage_n and_o withal_o sufficient_a for_o estate_n and_o live_n than_o kind_o and_o love_o to_o adorn_v they_o with_o this_o high_a esteem_a title_n of_o knighthood_n which_o be_v before_o time_n the_o name_n only_o of_o charge_n and_o function_n when_o this_o right_a worshipful_a title_n be_v by_o the_o prince_n confer_v upon_o one_o advise_o and_o for_o desert_n it_o go_v no_o doubt_n for_o a_o ample_a reward_n be_v prize_v as_o a_o benefit_n and_o account_v among_o the_o token_n of_o honour_n for_o knight_n in_o this_o manner_n dub_v make_v this_o esteem_n thereof_o that_o in_o it_o consist_v the_o guerdon_n of_o their_o virtue_n and_o valour_n the_o praise_n of_o their_o house_n and_o family_n the_o memorial_n of_o their_o stock_n and_o lineage_n and_o last_o the_o glory_n of_o their_o name_n insomuch_o as_o our_o lawyer_n have_v in_o their_o book_n write_v that_o knight_n be_v a_o name_n of_o dignity_n but_o so_o be_v not_o baron_n for_o in_o old_a time_n a_o baron_n if_o he_o be_v not_o of_o this_o order_n of_o knighthood_n be_v write_v simple_o by_o his_o christian_a or_o fore-name_n and_o the_o proper_a name_n of_o his_o family_n without_o any_o addition_n unless_o it_o be_v of_o dominus_fw-la a_o term_n fit_v knight_n also_o and_o this_o name_n of_o knight_n may_v seem_v to_o have_v be_v a_o honourable_a additament_n to_o the_o high_a dignity_n when_o king_n duke_n marquess_n earl_n and_o baron_n request_v to_o have_v the_o dignity_n and_o name_n together_o here_o it_o like_v i_o well_o to_o insert_v what_o matthew_n florilegus_n have_v write_v concern_v the_o creation_n of_o knight_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o the_o king_n quoth_v he_o for_o to_o augment_v and_o make_v a_o goodly_a show_n of_o his_o expedition_n into_o scotland_n cause_v public_a proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v throughout_o england_n that_o whosoever_o be_v to_o be_v knight_n by_o hereditary_a succession_n and_o have_v wherewith_o to_o maintain_v that_o degree_n shall_v present_v themselves_o in_o westminster_n at_o the_o feast_n of_o whitsuntide_n there_o to_o receive_v every_o one_o the_o ornament_n of_o a_o knight_n save_v the_o equipage_n or_o furniture_n that_o belong_v to_o horse_n out_o of_o the_o king_n wardrobe_n when_o as_o therefore_o there_o flock_v thither_o to_o the_o number_n of_o 300._o young_a gallant_n the_o son_n of_o earl_n baron_n and_o knight_n purple_a livery_n fine_a silk_n scarf_n robe_n most_o rich_o embroider_v with_o gold_n be_v plentiful_o bestow_v among_o they_o according_a as_o be_v befit_v each_o one_o and_o because_o the_o king_n palace_n large_a though_o it_o be_v be_v streit_v of_o room_n for_o so_o great_a a_o multitude_n assemble_v they_o cut_v down_o the_o apple_n tree_n about_o the_o new_a temple_n in_o london_n lay_v the_o wall_n along_o and_o there_o set_v up_o pavilion_n and_o tent_n wherein_o these_o noble_a young_a gallant_n may_v array_v and_o set_v out_o themselves_o one_o by_o one_o in_o their_o gorgeous_a and_o golden_a garment_n all_o the_o night_n long_o also_o these_o foresay_a youth_n as_o many_o as_o the_o place_n will_v receive_v watch_v and_o pray_v in_o the_o say_a temple_n but_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n by_o commandment_n from_o the_o king_n his_o father_n hold_v his_o wake_n together_o with_o the_o principal_a and_o goodly_a man_n of_o this_o company_n within_o the_o church_n of_o westminster_n now_o such_o sound_n be_v there_o of_o trumpet_n so_o loud_a a_o noise_n of_o minstrelsy_n so_o mighty_a a_o applause_n and_o cry_n of_o those_o that_o for_o joy_n shout_v that_o the_o chant_v of_o the_o covent_n can_v not_o be_v hear_v from_o one_o side_n of_o the_o choir_n to_o the_o other_o well_o the_o morrow_n after_o the_o king_n dub_v his_o son_n knight_n and_o give_v he_o the_o girdle_n of_o knighthood_n in_o his_o own_o palace_n and_o therewith_o bestow_v upon_o he_o the_o duchy_n of_o aquitaine_n the_o prince_n then_o thus_o create_v knight_n go_v direct_o into_o westminster_n church_n for_o to_o grace_v with_o the_o like_a glorious_a dignity_n his_o fere_n and_o companion_n but_o so_o great_a be_v the_o press_n of_o people_n throng_v before_o the_o high_a altar_n that_o two_o knight_n be_v throng_v to_o death_n and_o very_o many_o of_o they_o faint_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o swoon_n yea_o although_o every_o one_o of_o they_o have_v three_o soldier_n at_o least_o to_o lead_v and_o protect_v he_o the_o prince_n himself_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n press_v up_o to_o he_o have_v divide_v the_o people_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o steed_n of_o service_n no_o otherwise_o than_o upon_o the_o high_a altar_n gird_v his_o foresay_a companion_n with_o the_o order_n of_o knighthood_n but_o in_o our_o day_n he_o that_o receive_v the_o dignity_n of_o a_o knight_n kneel_v down_o and_o then_o the_o queen_n king_n with_o his_o sword_n draw_v slight_o smite_v he_o upon_o the_o shoulder_n speak_v unto_o he_o these_o word_n withal_o in_o french_a sois_n chevalier_n au_fw-fr nom_fw-fr de_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr that_o be_v be_v thou_o knight_n in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n and_o afterward_o he_o say_v moreover_o avance_v chevalier_n that_o be_v arise_v sir_n knight_n as_o for_o all_o thing_n else_o appurtain_v to_o this_o order_n namely_o what_o a_o excellent_a and_o glorious_a degree_n this_o of_o knighthood_n be_v esteem_v with_o our_o ancestor_n how_o noble_a a_o reward_n to_o brave_a mind_a man_n such_o as_o desire_a glory_n and_o honour_n it_o be_v repute_v how_o careful_o they_o keep_v faith_n &_o troth_n consider_v it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o they_o undertake_v or_o promise_v aught_o as_o