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1000_o
exceed_v not_o 25._o thousand_o ducat_n only_o the_o duke_n of_o curland_n and_o regimount_n exceed_v this_o mean_a for_o although_o they_o be_v feodary_n of_o the_o kingdom_n &_o acknowledge_v the_o king_n as_o their_o superior_a yet_o be_v they_o not_o as_o live_a member_n of_o the_o state_n they_o come_v not_o to_o the_o diet_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o have_v not_o their_o voice_n in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o prince_n neither_o be_v they_o account_v as_o natural_a lord_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o for_o stranger_n as_o in_o truth_n they_o be_v the_o duke_n of_o curlan_n be_v of_o the_o house_n of_o ketleri_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o regimount_n of_o the_o family_n of_o brandenburge_n all_o prussia_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o dutch_a knight_n who_o have_v their_o great_a master_n resident_a there_o who_o when_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o withstand_v the_o force_n of_o the_o polonian_n yield_v himself_o feodarie_n to_o king_n cassimere_n afterward_o when_o albert_n of_o 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&_o governor_n rather_o than_o officer_n &_o minister_n of_o the_o public_a decree_n of_o the_o estate_n there_o be_v one_o of_o the_o council_n that_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o clodius_n refuse_v his_o senator_n place_n to_o become_v one_o of_o these_o officer_n when_o a_o new_a king_n be_v to_o be_v choose_v these_o man_n do_v more_o and_o more_o limit_v his_o authority_n not_o suffer_v it_o to_o stretch_v one_o jot_n far_o than_o accustom_a but_o although_o the_o crown_n of_o poland_n be_v at_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o nobility_n yet_o be_v it_o never_o hear_v that_o they_o reject_v or_o overslip_v the_o king_n successor_n or_o transfer_v the_o kingdom_n into_o any_o other_o line_n more_o than_o once_o when_o depose_v ladislaus_n who_o notwithstanding_o they_o afterward_o restore_v they_o elect_v weneslaus_fw-la the_o bohemian_a likewise_o they_o have_v always_o a_o regard_n to_o the_o king_n daughter_n as_o of_o hedinge_v marry_v by_o they_o to_o jagello_n and_o in_o our_o 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the_o noble_n in_o criminal_a cause_n it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o reward_v and_o advance_v who_o please_v he_o to_o speak_v in_o a_o word_n such_o as_o be_v his_o valour_n dexterity_n and_o wisdom_n such_o be_v his_o power_n authority_n and_o government_n as_o the_o polander_n say_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o king_n endure_v but_o three_o day_n &_o they_o converse_v with_o he_o not_o as_o cousin_n as_o in_o france_n but_z as_o brethren_z and_o as_o the_o king_n have_v absolute_a authority_n over_o they_o which_o immediate_o hold_v of_o he_o so_o the_o nobility_n dispose_v absolute_o of_o their_o vassal_n upon_o every_o of_o who_o they_o exercise_v more_o than_o kingly_a authority_n in_o manner_n as_o upon_o slave_n in_o establish_v their_o kingdom_n they_o have_v do_v one_o thing_n worthy_a the_o note_n which_o be_v that_o as_o the_o roman_n increase_v their_o name_n and_o dominion_n by_o communicate_v the_o law_n and_o honour_n of_o italy_n and_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n to_o 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from_o prussia_n &_o livonia_n do_v not_o enrich_v the_o kingdom_n with_o ready_a money_n yea_o they_o do_v hardly_o suffice_v to_o barter_n with_o the_o english_a &_o flemish_a for_o cloth_n silk_n &_o wool_n or_o with_o the_o spanish_a and_o portugal_n for_o sugar_n spice_n fruit_n &_o maluesâ—ies_n for_o when_o the_o country_n be_v not_o give_v to_o traffic_v nor_o the_o city_n to_o buy_v &_o sell_v nor_o the_o people_n to_o labour_v and_o the_o nobility_n be_v very_o gallant_a prodigal_a in_o expense_n spend_v more_o than_o their_o revenue_n in_o diet_n and_o apparel_n and_o the_o season_n of_o their_o meat_n for_o the_o polander_n use_v more_o spice_n than_o any_o other_o nation_n and_o their_o wine_n their_o silk_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o woollen_a cloth_n be_v bring_v from_o foreign_a nation_n how_o can_v the_o kingdom_n be_v rich_a in_o silver_n for_o in_o transport_v of_o rich_a ware_n and_o return_v of_o little_a consist_v the_o wealth_n of_o every_o kingdom_n gather_v together_o by_o vent_v homebred_a commodity_n the_o coin_n of_o foreign_a country_n and_o keep_v it_o once_o bring_v in_o from_o pass_v abroad_o again_o in_o this_o practice_n consist_v the_o wealth_n of_o naples_n and_o milan_n for_o naples_n send_v to_o sea_n great_a store_n of_o corn_n wine_n oil_n silk_n woad_n horse_n fruit_n and_o such_o like_a which_o bring_v in_o huge_a mass_n of_o foreign_a coin_n milan_n supply_v the_o want_n of_o other_o province_n with_o corn_n rice_n clothes_n iron_z work_n and_o ware_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o return_v little_a again_o if_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o sicill_n be_v as_o well_o store_v with_o artificial_a workmanship_n as_o they_o be_v provide_v with_o corn_n and_o wealth_n no_o other_o kingdom_n can_v compare_v with_o they_o to_o return_v to_o poland_n notwithstanding_o their_o riches_n be_v not_o so_o small_a as_o some_o think_v they_o be_v for_o the_o revenue_n of_o
loose_v much_o time_n in_o cut_v down_o the_o wood_n before_o they_o can_v come_v to_o the_o inhabit_a place_n of_o their_o enemy_n they_o have_v a_o few_o fortress_n some_o build_v of_o stone_n some_o of_o brick_n after_o the_o italian_a fashion_n but_o without_o strength_n of_o modern_a divise_n or_o cunning_a workmanship_n such_o be_v the_o castle_n of_o moscow_n novograd_n plescovia_n porcovia_n sloboda_n some_o be_v wrought_v with_o twig_n &_o earth_n well_o tread_v down_o as_o smolonck_n but_o common_o the_o wall_n of_o strong_a place_n be_v build_v of_o great_a beam_n stuff_v with_o turf_n or_o moss_n leave_v loophole_n for_o their_o shot_n this_o fortify_v be_v very_o available_a against_o great_a ordinance_n but_o exceed_v subject_a to_o â—â—riâ—g_v they_o serve_v in_o the_o field_n as_o we_o tell_v you_o before_o treat_v of_o his_o government_n rather_o bear_v themselves_o valiant_o for_o fear_n of_o punishment_n then_o of_o their_o own_o nature_n show_v alacrity_n or_o willingness_n to_o the_o service_n he_o have_v his_o captain_n at_o a_o beck_n his_o soldier_n suffer_v all_o extremity_n patient_o they_o care_v not_o â—orâ—â—ost_v or_o rain_n they_o endure_v hunger_n &_o scarcity_n with_o incredible_a contentment_n they_o live_v with_o a_o little_a better_a able_a to_o defend_v a_o fortress_n then_o fight_v in_o field_n for_o here_o courage_n and_o agility_n there_o constancy_n and_o resolution_n be_v most_o serviceable_a whereas_o the_o polander_n be_v better_a to_o fight_v in_o the_o field_n then_o to_o keep_v a_o castle_n and_o therefore_o the_o great_a duke_n john_n find_v by_o experience_n the_o unaptnes_n of_o his_o soldier_n &_o the_o readiness_n of_o the_o polonian_n in_o skirmish_n and_o assault_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v that_o his_o man_n have_v need_v of_o a_o spur_n to_o drive_v they_o forward_o &_o the_o polonian_n want_v a_o bridle_n to_o hold_v they_o back_o his_o chief_a force_n be_v in_o his_o horse_n but_o what_o number_n he_o can_v raise_v who_o can_v show_v for_o i_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o he_o be_v able_a as_o some_o say_v to_o arm_v three_o hundred_o thousand_o because_o though_o his_o empire_n be_v large_a yet_o for_o the_o great_a part_n it_o lie_v unmanured_a as_o the_o many-day_n journey_n between_o cazan_n and_o astrachan_n and_o scarce_o meet_v with_o one_o village_n in_o the_o way_n may_v well_o witness_v in_o the_o war_n which_o king_n stephen_n wage_v against_o he_o be_v not_o above_o 60._o thousand_o foot_n and_o horse_n strong_a he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o raise_v so_o great_a a_o force_n i_o will_v not_o say_v to_o meet_v he_o in_o the_o open_a field_n yea_o not_o to_o hinder_v he_o from_o the_o force_n of_o pozovia_n vilocoluc_n and_o other_o piece_n no_o nor_o to_o divert_v he_o from_o the_o siege_n of_o plescovia_n in_o the_o year_n 1570._o the_o prince_n of_o the_o tartar_n with_o fourscore_o thousand_o soldier_n pierce_v even_o to_o the_o bowel_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o set_v fire_n on_o his_o imperial_a seat_n moscow_n therefore_o i_o think_v that_o they_o that_o report_v that_o the_o great_a duke_n can_v levy_v three_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n and_o the_o king_n of_o polonia_n two_o hundred_o do_v rather_o mean_v head_n of_o horse_n than_o rider_n for_o there_o may_v be_v so_o many_o thousand_o horse_n and_o yet_o every_o one_o be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v a_o horse_n of_o service_n no_o more_o than_o every_o horseman_n a_o rider_n or_o able_a to_o find_v himself_o armour_n one_o have_v his_o hart_n in_o his_o hose_n another_o want_v ability_n a_o three_o want_v strength_n of_o body_n a_o four_o both_o courage_n and_o strength_n yea_o admit_v he_o can_v raise_v so_o many_o horse_n and_o man_n as_o these_o man_n speak_v of_o yet_o will_v it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n perchance_o impossible_a for_o he_o to_o assemble_v they_o in_o one_o place_n or_o if_o he_o can_v where_o will_v wage_n or_o victual_n be_v find_v sufficient_a to_o sustain_v they_o for_o 200._o horseman_n in_o moscovie_n require_v 300._o packhorse_n and_o so_o many_o tender_n who_o must_v all_o befe_v as_o likewise_o the_o victualler_n the_o merchant_n the_o artificer_n and_o such_o servant_n as_o can_v hardly_o be_v spare_v in_o warlike_a enterprise_n to_o perform_v this_o whole_a moscovie_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v gather_v into_o one_o place_n and_o then_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v least_o in_o so_o great_a a_o journey_n from_o one_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o other_o part_n opposite_a will_v run_v to_o ruin_v &_o decay_n likewise_o although_o such_o a_o proportion_n of_o horse_n as_o have_v be_v speak_v of_o may_v be_v raise_v it_o be_v not_o wisdom_n for_o the_o state_n to_o strip_v the_o border_n of_o their_o garrison_n the_o province_n of_o their_o sinew_n the_o city_n of_o their_o magistrate_n &_o the_o country_n of_o husbandman_n therefore_o i_o conclude_v that_o prince_n who_o kingdom_n be_v able_a to_o afford_v he_o 150._o thousand_o horse_n to_o be_v brave_o furnish_v if_o he_o can_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n but_o the_o three_o part_n i_o speak_v of_o war_n and_o not_o of_o incursion_n some_o more_o modest_a in_o writing_n affirm_v that_o the_o moscovite_n can_v levy_v 150._o thousand_o horse_n if_o necessity_n to_o defend_v himself_o shall_v constrain_v he_o thereto_o and_o that_o john_n the_o three_o in_o the_o voyage_n of_o astracan_a entertain_v 120._o thousand_o horse_n and_o twenty_o thousand_o foot_n the_o same_o king_n invade_v livonia_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n alexander_n levy_v a_o mighty_a army_n and_o keep_v another_o upon_o the_o border_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o great_a duke_n john_n adjoin_v to_o his_o troop_n of_o horse_n certain_a thousand_o of_o shot_n most_o stranger_n which_o yield_v he_o notable_a service_n in_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o city_n every_o second_o or_o three_o year_n he_o renew_v his_o soldierie_n throughout_o the_o province_n and_o keep_v a_o register_n of_o the_o son_n of_o nobleman_n and_o the_o number_n of_o his_o servant_n and_o horse_n the_o wealthy_a horseman_n use_v a_o cuirass_n of_o brass_n a_o helmet_n light_n and_o thin_a buckler_n bring_v out_o of_o persia_n and_o lance_n other_o be_v arm_v with_o jack_n quilt_v with_o bombast_n to_o resist_v arrow_n these_o handle_v the_o bow_n and_o many_o of_o they_o the_o harquebuse_n all_o the_o sword_n and_o dagger_n the_o german_n serve_v they_o in_o the_o field_n and_o the_o italian_n in_o their_o fortification_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o moscovie_n be_v adjoin_v the_o tartar_n precopense_n the_o taurici_n the_o chersonesi_n the_o circassi_n and_o the_o tartar_n negayan_n these_o people_n inhabit_v a_o country_n seven_o day_n journey_n distant_a and_o be_v govern_v by_o duke_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o helvetian_n he_o have_v receive_v great_a injury_n of_o the_o precopense_n without_o hope_n of_o amends_o because_o they_o be_v confederate_a with_o the_o great_a turk_n and_o by_o he_o furnish_v with_o harquebusier_n &_o ordinance_n and_o have_v in_o their_o kingdom_n many_o strong_a place_n fortify_v with_o turkish_a garrison_n &_o therefore_o he_o think_v it_o hard_a and_o dangerous_a to_o invade_v they_o be_v back_v by_o the_o turk_n who_o power_n he_o shall_v stir_v up_o likewise_o against_o he_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o precopi_n often_o use_v to_o make_v inroad_n into_o the_o province_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n as_o likewise_o of_o the_o polonian_a and_o to_o carry_v away_o whatsoever_o come_v to_o hand_n if_o the_o great_a duke_n have_v vanquish_v the_o tartar_n of_o cassan_n and_o astracan_a let_v he_o attribute_v the_o conquest_n to_o his_o great_a ordinance_n which_o they_o want_v this_o duke_n lead_v against_o the_o cassani_n a_o engine_n devise_v on_o this_o fashion_n he_o fasten_v to_o the_o side_n of_o chariot_n a_o broad_a and_o large_a plank_n bore_v full_a of_o hole_n and_o fit_v for_o the_o shoot_n of_o harquebusier_n and_o musketer_n with_o the_o which_o they_o do_v grievous_o wound_v their_o enemy_n and_o can_v not_o be_v hurt_v again_o by_o the_o arrow_n of_o their_o adversary_n by_o these_o help_v it_o be_v no_o mastery_n to_o vanquish_v and_o subdue_v they_o but_o the_o precopi_n have_v the_o use_n of_o gun_n and_o worth_n all_o the_o rest_n the_o favour_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o turkish_a emperor_n who_o thirst_v to_o open_v a_o way_n into_o moscovie_n or_o the_o caspian_a sea_n assay_v not_o many_o year_n since_o to_o dig_v a_o trench_n from_o tanais_n to_o volga_n but_o his_o force_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n by_o the_o moscovite_n with_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o fear_v their_o utter_a destruction_n if_o the_o turk_n have_v bring_v that_o designment_n to_o pass_v this_o be_v a_o devise_n of_o great_a courage_n than_o wisdom_n for_o the_o moscovite_n not_o only_o defeat_v his_o navy_n take_v
part_n thereof_o but_o put_v his_o land-force_n to_o the_o sword_n consist_v of_o fourscore_o thousand_o tartar_n five_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o turk_n and_o among_o they_o three_o thousand_o janisar_n as_o we_o say_v before_o the_o circassi_n live_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o swisser_n they_o endeavour_n not_o to_o enlarge_v their_o own_o bound_n but_o serve_v for_o wage_n sometime_o the_o turk_n sometime_o the_o persian_a &_o sometime_o the_o moscovite_n from_o who_o dominion_n they_o be_v so_o far_o disjoin_v that_o they_o stand_v in_o no_o fear_n of_o their_o several_a mightiness_n the_o tartar_n negayan_n be_v more_o to_o be_v dread_v for_o their_o sudden_a inroad_n &_o furious_a incursion_n then_o for_o jealousy_n of_o their_o force_n or_o that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v or_o undertake_v any_o voyage_n royal_a of_o late_a time_n they_o threaten_v the_o moscovite_n but_o their_o fury_n be_v appease_v by_o send_v they_o present_v it_o be_v the_o best_a course_n to_o hazard_v our_o money_n rather_o than_o our_o force_n against_o the_o theft_n &_o spoil_n of_o these_o barbarous_a nation_n for_o when_o they_o have_v nether_a city_n nor_o strong_a place_n to_o subdue_v to_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n what_o can_v you_o term_v the_o war_n make_v against_o they_o but_o a_o labour_n with_o loss_n a_o charge_n without_o profit_n the_o great_a duke_n be_v constrain_v to_o keep_v great_a troop_n of_o horse_n in_o citrachan_n casan_n and_o viatca_n against_o these_o nagaij_n as_o likewise_o a_o great_a garrison_n in_o culagan_n upon_o danais_n against_o the_o precopi_n the_o next_o border_v neighbour_n by_o finland_n side_n be_v the_o king_n of_o sweveland_n of_o late_a time_n this_o king_n hold_v a_o long_a war_n against_o he_o take_v from_o he_o by_o force_n the_o castle_n of_o sorenesco_n &_o pernavia_n the_o great_a &_o the_o less_o in_o livonia_n on_o the_o one_o side_n while_o king_n stephen_n cruel_o vex_v he_o with_o war_n on_o the_o other_o in_o the_o uttermost_a bound_n of_o the_o fioland_n bay_n the_o swevian_a to_o his_o great_a charge_n possess_v the_o fortress_n of_o viburge_n maintain_v therein_o a_o great_a garrison_n to_o resist_v the_o attempt_n of_o the_o russy_n and_o the_o great_a duke_n likewise_o in_o that_o sea_n and_o the_o coast_n adjoin_v he_o maintain_v ship_n of_o war_n as_o well_o to_o be_v ready_a at_o all_o assay_n against_o the_o approach_n of_o this_o great_a duke_n as_o likewise_o to_o forbid_v the_o easterling_n the_o bring_n of_o any_o munition_n or_o warlike_a furniture_n into_o any_o part_n of_o his_o dominion_n neither_o do_v he_o suffer_v other_o ship_n to_o sail_v in_o those_o sea_n without_o a_o special_a placard_n sign_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o this_o navy_n and_o sea_n force_v the_o king_n of_o sweveland_n wheresoever_o he_o find_v mean_n to_o use_v it_o become_v master_n of_o the_o field_n &_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o cease_v upon_o many_o place_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o livonia_n and_o the_o border_a territory_n but_o where_o the_o duke_n horse_n and_o his_o great_a number_n of_o footman_n may_v stand_v he_o in_o steed_n as_o in_o the_o open_a field_n or_o place_n remove_v from_o the_o sea_n there_o he_o make_v his_o part_n good_a enough_o and_o most_o common_o put_v the_o swevian_a to_o the_o worst_a the_o best_a be_v nature_n bath_n place_v between_o they_o such_o rough_a mountain_n such_o cold_a such_o ice_n and_o such_o snow_n that_o they_o can_v great_o endammage_n one_o another_o the_o last_o neighbour_n be_v the_o king_n of_o poland_n between_o who_o and_o the_o great_a duke_n this_o be_v the_o difference_n the_o moscovite_n have_v more_o territory_n the_o polonian_a better_a inhabit_v and_o more_o civil_a the_o moscovite_n more_o subject_n and_o more_o subject_a the_o polonian_a better_a soldier_n and_o more_o courageous_a the_o moscovite_n be_v apt_a to_o bear_v the_o shake_v then_o to_o give_v a_o charge_n the_o polonian_n to_o charge_n the_o moscovite_n be_v fit_a to_o keep_v a_o fortress_n the_o polonian_a to_o fight_v in_o the_o open_a field_n the_o moscovite_n force_n be_v better_o unite_v the_o polonian_a more_o considerate_a and_o better_o advise_v the_o moscovite_n less_o care_v for_o want_n and_o extremity_n the_o polonian_a death_n and_o the_o sword_n yea_o either_o nation_n be_v of_o the_o great_a worth_n when_o either_o of_o their_o prince_n be_v of_o great_a valour_n and_o magnanimity_n as_o it_o happen_v when_o basilius_n conquer_v the_o great_a duchy_n of_o smoloncke_n and_o poloncke_n and_o the_o large_a circuit_n of_o livonia_n and_o again_o when_o stephen_n king_n of_o poland_n in_o his_o last_o war_n against_o john_n basilius_n son_n reconquer_v polonck_n with_o diverse_a other_o place_n of_o good_a reckon_n besiege_v the_o city_n of_o plesko_n and_o force_v the_o moscovite_n to_o leave_v all_o livonia_n whereby_o i_o conclude_v such_o as_o be_v the_o valour_n and_o wisdom_n of_o the_o prince_n such_o be_v the_o force_n and_o courage_n of_o his_o people_n the_o great_a cham._n as_o our_o ancestor_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o region_n situate_v upon_o the_o east_n side_n of_o the_o caspian_a sea_n which_o they_o imagine_v to_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o ocean_n even_o so_o as_o yet_o little_a or_o nothing_o know_v this_o age_n what_o region_n lie_v or_o what_o people_n inhabit_v beyond_o that_o sea_n &_o the_o mountain_n common_o call_v dalanguer_n and_o vssont_n mark_v paul_n venetus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o break_v the_o ice_n in_o describe_v of_o those_o country_n and_o of_o he_o have_v we_o receive_v what_o we_o know_v of_o the_o tartar_n for_o the_o great_a distance_n of_o country_n the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o journey_n and_o the_o inaccessible_a situation_n of_o place_n have_v hinder_v the_o discovery_n of_o those_o province_n for_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o moscovie_n by_o who_o dominion_n we_o may_v easy_a travel_n thither_o will_v suffer_v no_o 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mahumetan_n then_o those_o of_o mogor_n of_o who_o you_o shall_v hear_v hereafter_o and_o last_o those_o of_o cathay_n whereof_o we_o now_o entreat_v never_o be_v there_o any_o nation_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o enjoy_v a_o large_a empery_n than_o they_o do_v or_o have_v undertake_v haughty_a exploit_n and_o i_o will_v that_o they_o have_v have_v some_o who_o may_v have_v recommend_v by_o write_v their_o do_n to_o the_o world_n m._n paul_n venetus_n write_v that_o this_o people_n once_o inhabit_v ciurga_n and_o barge_n province_n situate_v upon_o the_o scythick_n ocean_n without_o city_n castle_n or_o house_n wander_v like_o the_o arabian_n from_o place_n to_o place_n according_a to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n they_o acknowledge_v vncham_n who_o some_o interpret_v prester_n john_n for_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n to_o who_o they_o give_v the_o ten_o of_o their_o cattle_n in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o multiply_v to_o such_o number_n that_o vncham_n be_v 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artillery_n and_o house_n of_o munition_n to_o speak_v in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v no_o place_n fit_a seat_v for_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n for_o weaken_v man_n valour_n for_o corrupt_a virtue_n with_o vice_n than_o this_o great_a and_o most_o stately_a city_n of_o constantinople_n prove_v by_o the_o sloth_n and_o delicacy_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o the_o greek_a emperor_n and_o their_o army_n for_o if_o the_o pleasure_n of_o tarent_n and_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o siberite_n be_v enchantment_n sufficient_a to_o make_v man_n effeminate_a and_o quite_o alter_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n if_o the_o delight_n of_o capua_n can_v soften_v and_o quench_v the_o fierce_a courage_n of_o hannibal_n and_o his_o soldier_n if_o plato_n deem_v the_o cyrenian_o incapable_a of_o discipline_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o long_a prosperity_n what_o may_v we_o think_v of_o constantinople_n for_o situation_n proud_a for_o building_n sumptuous_a especial_o of_o their_o temple_n &_o for_o beautiful_a and_o commodious_a haven_n pleasant_a and_o delightsome_a above_o any_o other_o city_n through_o the_o whole_a world_n to_o conclude_v when_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o dangerous_a to_o a_o state_n than_o innovation_n what_o can_v be_v more_o hurtful_a i_o may_v say_v desperate_a to_o the_o roman_a empire_n then_o that_o great_a so_o deign_v and_o unlooked_v for_o mutation_n that_o good_a well_o mean_v emperor_n in_o this_o do_v neither_o more_o nor_o less_o then_o as_o a_o man_n endeavour_v to_o add_v a_o great_a grace_n to_o his_o body_n shall_v place_v his_o face_n on_o his_o knee_n and_o his_o hart_n on_o his_o heel_n the_o second_o fault_n of_o constantine_n be_v the_o division_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o his_o child_n ann_n dom._n 341._o by_o this_o division_n of_o one_o empre_fw-it he_o make_v three_o and_o withal_o a_o memorable_a diminution_n of_o his_o authority_n and_o force_n for_o when_o his_o son_n fall_v to_o civil_a dissension_n they_o consume_v one_o another_o so_o cruel_o that_o the_o empire_n resemble_v a_o bloodless_a yea_o liveless_a body_n and_o though_o sometime_o under_o some_o one_o prince_n it_o stand_v on_o foot_n again_o yet_o it_o remain_v always_o subject_a to_o division_n and_o depart_v into_o two_o empire_n the_o east_n and_o the_o west_n till_o the_o come_n of_o odoacer_n king_n of_o the_o herule_v and_o turingi_n into_o italy_n with_o a_o mighty_a host_n by_o which_o invasion_n augustulus_n be_v bring_v to_o such_o a_o narrow_a pinch_n that_o for_o despair_n he_o cast_v himself_o into_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o east_n empire_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 476._o and_o about_o this_o time_n the_o huns_n pass_v danubius_n alaricus_n king_n of_o the_o goth_n take_v rome_n the_o vandal_n first_o spoil_v andoluzia_n afterward_o africa_n the_o alan_n win_v portugal_n the_o goth_n conquer_v the_o great_a part_n of_o spain_n the_o saxon_n britain_n the_o burgundian_n province_n justinian_n restore_v it_o somewhat_o to_o a_o better_o stay_v drive_v the_o vandal_n out_o of_o africa_n and_o the_o goth_n out_o of_o italy_n by_o his_o captain_n anno_fw-la 556._o but_o this_o fair_a weather_n last_v not_o long_o for_o in_o the_o year_n 713._o the_o arm_n and_o heresy_n of_o the_o mahometan_n begin_v to_o vex_v the_o east_n empire_n and_o short_o after_o 〈◊〉_d the_o sarracen_n waste_v syria_n egypt_n the_o archipelago_n africa_n sicill_n &_o spain_n in_o the_o year_n 735._o they_o vanquish_v narbon_n auignion_n tolouse_n burdeâ—â—_n and_o the_o border_a region_n thus_o by_o little_a and_o little_o go_v the_o western_a empire_n to_o ruin_v as_o for_o the_o eastern_a it_o stand_v so_o weak_a and_o totter_a that_o with_o all_o the_o force_n it_o have_v it_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o defend_v constantinople_n against_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o sarracen_n much_o less_o to_o minister_v aid_n to_o the_o western_a province_n but_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 800._o charles_n the_o great_a king_n of_o france_n obtain_v the_o title_n of_o the_o western_a empire_n which_o ado_n bishop_n of_o vienna_n remember_v in_o these_o word_n upon_o the_o holy_a feast_n day_n of_o the_o nativitle_n of_o our_o lord_n assoon_o as_o the_o mighty_a king_n charles_n have_v make_v a_o end_n of_o his_o prayer_n leo_n the_o pope_n set_v the_o imperial_a crown_n upon_o his_o head_n whereat_o all_o the_o people_n with_o one_o voice_n cry_v câ—â—olâ—_n augusto_n 〈◊〉_d deo_fw-la coronate_a magno_fw-la pacifico_fw-la imperatori_fw-la romanorum_fw-la vita_fw-la â—_o victoria_fw-la the_o western_a empire_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o eastern_a in_o this_o sort_n that_o naples_n and_o sipont_n eastward_o with_o sicill_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o greek_a empire_n bononâ—a_o shall_v remain_v to_o the_o lombard_n the_o venetian_n be_v neuter_n the_o popedom_n free_a the_o rest_n charles_n shall_v possess_v bloudus_fw-la say_v that_o the_o empress_n iren_n give_v the_o first_o
enterprise_v any_o journey_n of_o reputation_n but_o that_o against_o the_o theutomarsi_n upon_o who_o king_n valdemar_n lay_v the_o yoke_n of_o subjection_n but_o fall_v again_o into_o rebellion_n after_o many_o chance_n of_o war_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n 1500._o they_o be_v utter_o vanquish_v by_o frederick_n the_o second_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1558._o before_o that_o time_n they_o discomfit_v john_n the_o son_n of_o king_n christian_n the_o first_o what_o this_o king_n of_o denmark_n be_v able_a to_o perform_v at_o sea_n may_v be_v gather_v by_o the_o name_n which_o upon_o occasion_n he_o have_v rig_v to_o sea_n at_o the_o entreaty_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o france_n christian_n the_o second_o send_v a_o navy_n of_o 100_o ship_n into_o scotland_n against_o the_o english_a and_o in_o they_o ten_o thousand_o land_n soldier_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o so_o ample_a a_o sea_n coast_n &_o possess_v so_o many_o haven_n in_o denmark_n scaâ—â—a_n norwey_n and_o so_o many_o land_n without_o the_o baltike_a sea_n it_o be_v most_o likely_a that_o he_o be_v able_a to_o assemble_v a_o mighty_a fleet_n of_o ship_n if_o money_n be_v not_o want_v which_o as_o i_o take_v it_o can_v but_o often_o fail_v he_o consider_v that_o in_o his_o whole_a kingdom_n there_o be_v grow_v no_o merchandise_n of_o value_n except_v seafish_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o famous_a mart_n town_n which_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v or_o long_o to_o maintain_v traffic_n with_o other_o nation_n the_o great_a matter_n be_v his_o custom_n of_o the_o sea_n town_n the_o profit_n of_o certain_a mine_n in_o scania_n the_o horse_n &_o cattle_n of_o the_o danish_a chersonesse_n the_o timber_n and_o fish_n of_o norwey_n and_o the_o land_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o fifty_o thousand_o ox_n have_v be_v drive_v out_o of_o these_o province_n into_o germany_n for_o which_o toll_n have_v be_v pay_v at_o gutthorpe_n he_o reap_v some_o profit_n likewise_o of_o wardhouse_n whither_o the_o english_a of_o late_a year_n have_v sail_v between_o norwey_n and_o groenlant_a some_o to_o colmogro_n other_o to_o stockholme_n not_o far_o from_o s._n nicholas_n where_o they_o traffic_n with_o the_o russy_n for_o wax_n honey_n and_o flax_n thither_o resort_v likewise_o hollander_n scot_n and_o frenchman_n almost_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o bay_n be_v a_o island_n and_o town_n call_v wardhuis_n which_o frederick_n the_o second_o cause_v to_o be_v strong_o fortify_v and_o here_o the_o merchant_n pay_v their_o custom_n sweveland_n the_o king_n of_o sweveland_n reign_v in_o scandia_n which_o be_v large_a than_o denmark_n for_o it_o be_v account_v a_o journey_n of_o five_o and_o forty_o day_n from_o the_o border_n of_o scandia_n to_o lapland_n and_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o baltic_a sea_n be_v little_o less_o than_o 400._o mile_n long_o and_o his_o tract_n of_o land_n be_v esteem_v large_a than_o france_n and_o italy_n in_o livonia_n this_o king_n possess_v rivalia_n the_o narue_v danovia_n and_o other_o piece_n of_o good_a esteem_n the_o island_n vlander_n alande_n and_o many_o other_o place_n not_o worthy_a speak_v of_o situate_v in_o the_o swevian_a and_o finland_n sea_n these_o region_n beside_o livonia_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o kingdom_n gotland_n sweveland_n and_o vandalia_n which_o again_o be_v subdivide_v into_o eleven_o province_n and_o twelve_o county_n among_o the_o which_o the_o lappian_o be_v not_o account_v because_o this_o people_n though_o inhabit_v a_o large_a country_n than_o sweveland_n can_v be_v term_v to_o live_v under_o any_o certain_a dominion_n because_o of_o their_o misery_n poverty_n and_o wander_v from_o place_n to_o place_n through_o wood_n and_o mountain_n but_o they_o who_o have_v any_o manner_n of_o certain_a abode_n or_o settle_a habitation_n be_v under_o the_o swevish_a dominion_n and_o pay_v rich_a skin_n for_o their_o tribute_n of_o the_o three_o kingdom_n whereof_o we_o speak_v gotland_n border_v upon_o scandia_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o east_n and_o west_n both_o bound_v with_o the_o lake_n weret_n in_o the_o midst_n whereof_o the_o king_n delight_v in_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o place_n keep_v his_o court_n twenty_o four_o river_n do_v run_v into_o this_o lake_n yet_o it_o empty_v itself_o but_o by_o one_o mouth_n the_o inhabitant_n for_o the_o excessive_a noise_n of_o the_o water_n call_v it_o in_o their_o tongue_n the_o devil_n head_n the_o word_n gothia_n signify_v a_o heavenly_a country_n which_o do_v well_o agree_v thereto_o for_o the_o abundance_n of_o sustenance_n no_o region_n be_v comparable_a unto_o it_o in_o fertility_n of_o flesh_n fish_n and_o corn_n next_o follow_v sweveland_n large_a than_o norwey_n and_o gotland_n both_o together_o in_o sweveland_n be_v vpsalia_n their_o chief_a city_n and_o stockholme_n the_o king_n seat_n stringa_n enuecopia_n orogundia_n arboia_n arosia_n then_o come_v finland_n situate_a between_o the_o baltic_a and_o finland_n bay_n where_o stand_v abo_n the_o chief_a city_n raugina_fw-la and_o augo_n both_o famous_a mart_n town_n vame_n viburge_n and_o castlehome_n in_o the_o alandian_a land_n the_o husbandman_n inhabit_v without_o the_o town_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o plenty_n of_o timber_n the_o wood_n valley_n and_o other_o place_n defend_v from_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o northern_a wind_n they_o live_v here_o in_o very_o good_a sort_n keep_v in_o their_o house_n flock_n of_o cattle_n and_o instrument_n to_o dig_v to_o build_v or_o to_o make_v any_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o life_n of_o man_n and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o town_n here_o be_v neither_o so_o fair_a nor_o so_o frequent_a as_o in_o germany_n or_o england_n over_o and_o above_o city_n and_o village_n there_o be_v account_v 1433._o parish_n in_o some_o of_o which_o a_o thousand_o people_n or_o as_o they_o term_v it_o a_o thousand_o household_n or_o fire_n do_v inhabit_v but_o there_o be_v few_o of_o these_o parish_n in_o which_o at_o the_o least_o there_o be_v not_o a_o hundred_o family_n by_o this_o a_o man_n may_v judge_v the_o number_n of_o this_o people_n especial_o if_o he_o consider_v the_o fruitfulness_n of_o their_o generation_n for_o the_o woman_n of_o finland_n by_o a_o secret_a operation_n of_o their_o beer_n as_o some_o think_v become_v exceed_v fruitful_a the_o man_n live_v here_o very_o long_o chief_o in_o the_o most_o northerly_a part_n neither_o be_v it_o miraculous_a among_o they_o to_o see_v a_o man_n live_v above_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o or_o forty_o year_n this_o long_a live_n be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o their_o propagation_n for_o where_o man_n live_v short_a life_n there_o the_o virtue_n of_o generation_n must_v needs_o soon_o decay_v and_o therefore_o our_o lord_n god_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n do_v permit_v mankind_n to_o live_v seven_o hundred_o year_n and_o more_o that_o the_o world_n may_v the_o soon_o be_v people_v and_o the_o act_n of_o generation_n which_o now_o for_o the_o shortness_n of_o our_o life_n be_v determine_v within_o forty_o year_n be_v then_o more_o vigorous_a at_o one_o hundred_o and_o upward_o then_o in_o this_o our_o age_n at_o ten_o the_o riches_n of_o this_o kingdom_n consist_v in_o the_o plenty_n of_o victual_n which_o this_o word_n gothia_n signify_v a_o heavenly_a region_n as_o we_o say_v before_o and_o finland_n signify_v a_o good_a country_n do_v well_o witness_v their_o provision_n be_v flesh_n fresh_a fish_n salt_n fish_n fish_v dry_v in_o the_o smoke_n and_o sun_n corn_n and_o beer_n whereof_o there_o be_v so_o great_a abundance_n that_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a thing_n to_o see_v a_o beggar_n among_o they_o and_o traveller_n be_v there_o free_o entertain_v it_o be_v so_o rich_a in_o mine_n of_o lead_n copper_z silver_n and_o some_o gold_n that_o no_o province_n in_o europe_n may_v compare_v therewith_o and_o these_o mine_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o every_o place_n if_o the_o country_n people_n bind_v to_o carry_v wood_n to_o the_o mine_n and_o to_o other_o servile_a work_n do_v not_o hide_v and_o hinder_v the_o discovery_n thereof_o as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o lie_v most_o fine_a silver_n be_v find_v in_o the_o province_n of_o vestros_fw-la and_o more_o will_v be_v be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o envy_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o though_o they_o know_v not_o the_o use_n of_o try_v of_o metal_n do_v notwithstanding_o murmur_v that_o any_o stranger_n shall_v employ_v their_o labour_n therein_o and_o this_o their_o forwardness_n towards_o stranger_n arise_v not_o of_o hatred_n but_o upon_o a_o jealousy_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v overreach_v or_o otherwise_o abuse_v by_o they_o for_o by_o nature_n they_o be_v simple_a and_o well_o meaning_n not_o give_v to_o ambition_n nor_o infect_v with_o avarice_n the_o king_n revenue_n consist_v in_o four_o thing_n
the_o ten_o of_o ecclesiastical_a live_n in_o mine_n tribute_n &_o custom_n the_o profit_n of_o the_o church_n living_n amount_v to_o a_o good_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o in_o this_o kingdom_n there_o be_v seven_o cathedral_n church_n threescore_o monastery_n of_o man_n and_o woman_n endow_v with_o most_o rich_a revenue_n first_o gustan_n and_o after_o his_o son_n eric_n seize_v the_o great_a part_n thereof_o into_o their_o possession_n some_o of_o the_o foresay_a mine_n be_v wrought_v at_o the_o king_n charge_n some_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o private_a person_n allow_v only_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o three_o copper-worke_n i_o have_v know_v the_o ten_o part_n which_o be_v the_o king_n to_o amount_v to_o the_o value_n of_o three_o thousand_o dolar_n yearly_o hereby_o estimation_n may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o silver_n and_o lead_n but_o his_o tax_n do_v far_o surpass_v all_o other_o thing_n for_o he_o levy_v the_o ten_o of_o rye_n wheat_n barley_n fish_n ox_n skin_n and_o such_o like_a of_o the_o ten_o of_o ox_n at_o some_o time_n he_o have_v gather_v 18._o thousand_o and_o with_o they_o maintain_v his_o court_n his_o officer_n his_o navy_n and_o his_o army_n for_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n either_o with_o the_o dane_n or_o moscovite_n he_o allow_v his_o soldier_n victual_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n provide_v it_o at_o very_o easy_a rate_n as_o well_o offend_v as_o defend_v the_o marriage_n of_o the_o king_n daughter_n be_v at_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o people_n &_o they_o allow_v they_o beside_o silver_n plate_n and_o other_o gift_n one_o hundred_o thousand_o dolar_n for_o a_o dowry_n of_o the_o uplandish_a people_n and_o other_o which_o pay_v not_o the_o imposition_n of_o victual_n the_o king_n be_v accustom_v to_o exact_v of_o every_o poll_n according_a to_o his_o ability_n five_o dolar_n or_o more_o yearly_o the_o custom_n be_v pay_v in_o the_o haven_n town_n the_o chief_a where_o of_o be_v calmaâ—e_a lodâ—â—is_fw-la and_o stockholme_n where_o aâ—_n some_o time_n three_o hundred_o ship_n of_o burden_n be_v to_o be_v see_v abo_n auge_n revalia_n parnovia_n narue_n it_o be_v think_v that_o the_o king_n do_v lay_v up_o in_o his_o treasury_n six_o or_o seven_o hundred_o thousand_o dolar_n beside_o the_o expense_n upon_o the_o fortress_n of_o revalia_n and_o viburgh_n there_o be_v maintain_v in_o sweveland_n and_o gothland_n about_o thirty_o two_o troop_n every_o one_o consist_v of_o five_o hundred_o or_o six_o hundred_o soldier_n all_o harquebusier_n always_o ready_a to_o march_v whither_o occasion_n call_v because_o of_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o wood_n the_o horseman_n serve_v with_o petronel_n and_o seldom_o use_v pike_n or_o lance_n the_o footman_n be_v most_o excellent_a for_o every_o soldier_n be_v able_a to_o make_v and_o furnish_v himself_o with_o any_o furniture_n whatsoever_o even_o to_o the_o make_n of_o his_o own_o flask_n and_o tuchboxe_n as_o likewise_o the_o common_a people_n in_o perâ—â—ia_n and_o the_o neighbour_a province_n be_v content_v with_o a_o little_a have_v always_o accustom_v to_o make_v all_o implement_n for_o their_o house_n and_o body_n to_o build_v to_o weave_v to_o play_v the_o tailor_n to_o sow_v to_o reap_v and_o to_o forge_v tool_n fit_a for_o their_o business_n and_o as_o for_o those_o trade_n which_o be_v neither_o common_a nor_o necessary_a as_o to_o paint_v to_o work_v in_o silver_n and_o such_o like_a there_o be_v notwithstanding_o find_v among_o they_o very_o good_a workman_n want_v rather_o matter_n than_o be_v to_o work_v upon_o the_o swevian_a horseman_n be_v divide_v into_o thirteen_o company_n sweveland_n and_o gothland_n maintain_v eleven_o and_o finland_n two_o and_o upon_o necessity_n they_o can_v raise_v a_o great_a force_n for_o the_o dukedom_n of_o vermeland_n as_o report_n go_v be_v able_a to_o furnish_v better_a than_o ten_o thousand_o man_n with_o horse_n in_o marchland_n there_o be_v such_o plentiful_a breed_n of_o horse_n that_o there_o they_o be_v sell_v 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tin_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o stockholme_n only_o be_v number_v four_o hundred_o upon_o the_o west_n side_n of_o sweveland_n be_v denmark_n on_o the_o east_n moscovie_n with_o both_o which_o he_o have_v have_v long_a war_n the_o swevians_n have_v suffer_v much_o loss_n by_o the_o denmark_n for_o king_n christian_n the_o second_o besiege_v stockholme_n and_o force_v it_o commit_v all_o kind_n of_o cruelty_n against_o the_o inhabitant_n fill_v the_o city_n with_o blood_n and_o dead_a carcase_n the_o title_n which_o the_o dane_n pretend_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o sweveland_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o enimity_n the_o haven_n the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n and_o especial_o gotland_n which_o be_v a_o member_n of_o gothia_n and_o therefore_o the_o swevian_n claim_v it_o as_o his_o right_n afford_v the_o dane_n this_o facility_n of_o invade_v it_o at_o his_o pleasure_n after_o gustan_n recover_v the_o kingdom_n he_o and_o his_o son_n henry_n and_o john_n reign_v successive_o and_o although_o blood_n enough_o have_v be_v shed_v in_o the_o war_n between_o gustan_n and_o the_o dane_n yet_o the_o kingdom_n have_v retain_v her_o honour_n and_o the_o city_n of_o lubeck_n the_o mighty_a state_n in_o that_o sea_n sometime_o by_o confederate_v with_o the_o one_o sometime_o with_o the_o other_o do_v in_o so_o even_o a_o balance_n pease_n the_o difference_n of_o these_o two_o nation_n as_o it_o suffer_v not_o the_o one_o to_o practice_v against_o the_o other_o upon_o the_o peril_n that_o may_v ensue_v to_o the_o offender_n in_o war_a with_o the_o moscovite_n the_o swevian_n have_v the_o most_o advantage_n because_o finland_n which_o border_v upon_o russia_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a lake_n &_o marsh_n whereof_o it_o be_v full_a yield_v hard_a &_o perilous_a passage_n to_o the_o enemy_n oftentimes_o swallow_v up_o whole_a army_n in_o those_o congeal_a water_n there_o he_o keep_v the_o castle_n of_o viburge_n narue_n revalia_n &_o other_o pile_n and_o piece_n upon_o the_o border_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o moscovia_n excellent_a well_o fortify_v as_o bridle_n to_o stop_v his_o violent_a course_n in_o which_o he_o do_v very_o wise_o for_o those_o piece_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o our_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v regard_v most_o careful_o because_o they_o bring_v forth_o two_o notable_a effect_n first_o they_o defend_v what_o be_v we_o and_o offend_v what_o be_v the_o enemy_n the_o further_a they_o be_v distant_a from_o our_o border_n the_o better_a they_o stand_v we_o in_o steed_n for_o while_o the_o enemy_n be_v occupy_v in_o besiege_v thereof_o our_o own_o state_n stand_v in_o quiet_a and_o time_n afford_v mean_n for_o rescue_n or_o delivery_n thereof_o at_o leisure_n and_o that_o without_o spoil_n to_o our_o own_o people_n or_o loss_n of_o our_o proper_a
revenue_n they_o grieve_v the_o enemy_n with_o so_o much_o the_o more_o damage_n by_o how_o much_o the_o near_o they_o be_v situate_v unto_o they_o of_o this_o effect_n be_v cale_n be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o english_a &_o the_o place_n which_o the_o spaniard_n &_o portugal_n hold_v in_o africa_n but_o the_o fortress_n build_v in_o our_o own_o border_n serve_v to_o no_o other_o end_n then_o to_o defend_v what_o be_v already_o we_o &_o that_o to_o our_o great_a disadvantage_n for_o as_o often_o as_o they_o be_v invade_v all_o thing_n be_v do_v at_o a_o sudden_a and_o it_o can_v be_v avoid_v but_o somewhat_o will_v fall_v to_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o end_v with_o the_o king_n of_o sweveland_n he_o be_v so_o much_o better_a able_a than_o the_o moscovite_n to_o defend_v his_o territory_n by_o how_o much_o sea-force_n join_v to_o land-force_n be_v able_a to_o prevail_v against_o a_o state_n furnish_v with_o land-force_n only_o poland_n the_o kingdom_n of_o polonia_n be_v never_o so_o great_a as_o at_o this_o day_n the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o lituania_n and_o livonia_n be_v join_v thereto_o it_o stretch_v from_o the_o flood_n note_n and_o obra_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o marchia_n and_o odera_n which_o separate_v it_o from_o silesia_n to_o berâ—say_v and_o boristhenes_n which_o two_o part_v it_o from_o moscovia_n it_o reach_v from_o the_o baltic_a sea_n to_o the_o river_n niester_n which_o part_v it_o from_o moldavia_n and_o to_o the_o mountain_n carpathie_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o hungary_n by_o this_o limitation_n from_o the_o border_n of_o silesia_n to_o the_o frontier_n of_o moscovia_n between_o the_o west_n part_n and_o the_o east_n it_o contain_v 120._o german_a mile_n and_o from_o the_o utmost_a bound_n of_o livonia_n to_o the_o border_n of_o hungary_n not_o much_o less_o so_o allow_v the_o form_n thereof_o to_o be_v round_o it_o be_v far_o large_a than_o a_o man_n will_v take_v it_o to_o be_v it_o contain_v many_o and_o goodly_a large_a province_n as_o polonia_n the_o great_a and_o the_o less_o massovia_n prussia_n russia_n volinia_n livonia_n and_o lituania_n among_o these_o province_n poland_n be_v find_v inhabit_v of_o the_o polonian_n but_o prâ—se_v part_n of_o pomeran_n podalia_n volinia_n masovia_n and_o livonia_n have_v be_v obtain_v and_o gain_v by_o arm_n lithuania_n and_o saâ—otgathia_n province_n of_o russia_n be_v the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o house_n of_o jagello_n for_o in_o the_o year_n 1380._o jagello_n then_o duke_n of_o lithuania_n take_v to_o wife_n the_o princess_n hedinge_v the_o last_o of_o the_o blood_n royal_a of_o polonia_n and_o be_v install_v king_n on_o three_o condition_n the_o first_o that_o he_o shall_v become_v a_o christian_a the_o second_o that_o he_o shall_v cause_v his_o people_n to_o do_v the_o like_a the_o three_o that_o he_o shall_v unite_v his_o principality_n to_o poland_n these_o covenant_n be_v accomplish_v in_o our_o age_n when_o the_o race_n of_o jagello_n end_v for_o when_o the_o people_n be_v unwilling_a by_o deprive_v the_o heir_n which_o have_v right_a to_o the_o empire_n of_o their_o just_a inheritance_n to_o subject_v it_o to_o election_n they_o always_o call_v upon_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o condition_n hope_v that_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n of_o lituania_n will_v not_o loose_v their_o honour_n and_o dignity_n by_o this_o mixture_n yet_o at_o last_o on_o the_o one_o side_n when_o they_o consider_v the_o issue_n of_o their_o prince_n to_o fail_v for_o sigismond_n augustus_n be_v the_o last_o heir_n male_a and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n fear_v the_o force_n of_o the_o moscovite_n they_o agree_v to_o union_n and_o election_n in_o time_n past_o livonia_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o dutch_a knight_n and_o they_o have_v therein_o their_o chief_a governor_n who_o they_o term_v the_o great_a master_n but_o in_o the_o year_n 1558._o be_v spoil_v of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o territory_n by_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o moscovie_n they_o flee_v to_o sigismond_n king_n of_o poland_n who_o take_v they_o into_o his_o protection_n and_o until_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n stephen_n 1582_o the_o province_n be_v never_o regain_v for_o the_o most_o part_n poland_n be_v a_o plain_a country_n and_o but_o for_o certain_a mountain_n rather_o hill_n than_o mountain_n situate_v in_o the_o lesser_a poland_n and_o divide_v it_o from_o prusland_n all_o the_o residue_n of_o the_o country_n stretch_v itself_o into_o most_o ample_a plain_n wherein_o be_v very_o many_o wood_n especial_o in_o lithuania_n the_o great_a and_o the_o lesser_a poland_n be_v better_o inhabit_v then_o any_o other_o province_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o like_a may_v almost_o be_v speak_v of_o russia_n for_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o sea_n concourse_n to_o the_o haven_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o river_n prussia_n and_o livonia_n have_v fair_a city_n goodly_a building_n and_o by_o traffic_n and_o concourse_n of_o merchant_n great_a plenty_n of_o riches_n for_o when_o the_o dutch_a knight_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o country_n they_o build_v city_n like_o those_o of_o germany_n and_o all_o alongst_o the_o sea_n coast_n for_o the_o space_n of_o fourscore_o mile_n many_o castle_n and_o place_n of_o good_a esteem_n they_o have_v many_o fair_a haven_n of_o good_a worth_n and_o be_v lord_n of_o all_o the_o traffic_n between_o poland_n and_o the_o baltic_a sea_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o great_a value_n and_o consequence_n for_o the_o river_n vistula_n arise_v in_o the_o extreme_a bound_n of_o silesia_n water_v all_o poland_n the_o less_o and_o part_n of_o the_o great_a and_o mazovia_n and_o prussia_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o baltike_a sea_n below_o dansk_a whither_o it_o transport_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o rye_n corn_n honey_n and_o wax_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n a_o journey_n of_o four_o hundred_o mile_n from_o another_o coast_n the_o most_o famous_a river_n duina_n arise_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n ruthenigo_n &_o part_v livonia_n into_o even_a portion_n fall_v into_o the_o sea_n about_o riga_n a_o city_n of_o great_a concourse_n there_o be_v in_o prussia_n and_o livonia_n many_o lake_n among_o which_o one_o be_v call_v the_o new_a sea_n one_o hundred_o mile_n long_o in_o livonia_n be_v a_o lake_n call_v berhas_n more_o than_o 400._o mile_n long_o from_o thence_o spring_v the_o river_n which_o run_v by_o pernovia_n and_o narue_v make_v two_o notable_a haven_n for_o traffic_n between_o these_o two_o city_n stand_v rivalia_n give_v place_n to_o neither_o in_o beauty_n samogithia_n be_v more_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a than_o the_o other_o province_n and_o podalia_n more_o barren_a which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n for_o it_o be_v most_o plentiful_a of_o those_o commodity_n which_o the_o climate_n under_o which_o it_o lie_v can_v afford_v but_o to_o the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o tartar_n which_o so_o vex_v it_o with_o continual_a inroad_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v drive_v either_o to_o fly_v for_o fear_n or_o to_o be_v lead_v away_o captive_n of_o the_o barbarous_a tartar_n the_o riches_n of_o poland_n be_v the_o abundance_n of_o corn_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o grain_n which_o grow_v there_o in_o so_o plentiful_a sort_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 1590._o and_o 1591._o it_o relieve_v not_o only_o the_o border_a nation_n oppress_v with_o famine_n and_o scarcity_n but_o also_o yield_v some_o portion_n of_o relief_n to_o the_o want_n of_o the_o genoese_n tuscan_a &_o rome_n it_o flow_v with_o honey_n &_o wax_n &_o whereas_o in_o all_o these_o northerly_a nation_n of_o poland_n lithuania_n russia_n muscovia_n there_o be_v no_o wine_n grow_v instead_o thereof_o nature_n have_v bestow_v upon_o they_o incredible_a quantity_n of_o honey_n whereof_o these_o people_n do_v brew_v a_o excellent_a kind_n of_o beverage_n the_o bee_n make_v honey_n either_o in_o the_o wood_n where_o they_o find_v the_o tree_n make_v hollow_a by_o rottenness_n or_o man_n industry_n or_o in_o hive_n set_v in_o the_o open_a field_n by_o the_o country_n people_n or_o in_o hole_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o in_o any_o place_n where_o they_o can_v find_v never_o so_o small_a a_o like_n it_o abound_v with_o flax_n and_o hemp_n with_o sheep_n cattle_n and_o horse_n among_o the_o beast_n of_o the_o wood_n be_v find_v wild_a ox_n and_o wild_a horse_n and_o the_o bufle_v which_o can_v live_v out_o of_o the_o wood_n of_o nazovia_n the_o riches_n of_o the_o land_n consist_v in_o the_o salt-pit_n of_o bozena_n and_o velisca_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o cracovia_n the_o revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v equal_o divide_v between_o the_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n for_o no_o man_n be_v leave_v so_o rich_a by_o inheritance_n that_o he_o may_v excel_v other_o above_o measure_n and_o the_o great_a revenue_n
fifty_o thousand_o footman_n and_o seven_o thousand_o horse_n true_o this_o be_v a_o great_a number_n and_o though_o they_o be_v not_o all_o moscovite_n yet_o this_o reckon_n ask_v a_o great_a proportion_n of_o inhabitant_n for_o if_o the_o king_n thrust_v in_o 57_o thousand_o fight_a man_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v very_o many_o more_o some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o in_o time_n past_o the_o country_n be_v better_o replenish_v with_o people_n and_o that_o afterward_o it_o become_v desolate_a for_o three_o cause_n the_o first_o the_o plague_n a_o new_a disease_n in_o moscovie_n which_o glean_v away_o many_o thousand_o people_n the_o second_o the_o tyranny_n of_o their_o emperor_n who_o have_v put_v infinite_a number_n to_o death_n especial_o of_o the_o nobility_n the_o three_o the_o incursion_n and_o robbery_n of_o the_o tartar_n precopie_n and_o negaians_n which_o never_o cease_v vex_v their_o border_a neighbour_n these_o tartar_n harry_v not_o only_o the_o country_n but_o lead_v away_o captive_a whole_a city_n sell_v they_o to_o the_o turk_n and_o other_o nation_n these_o inroad_n have_v lay_v waste_v many_o and_o far_o remove_v province_n the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o prince_n be_v not_o lively_a discern_v then_o in_o his_o good_a foresight_n whether_o his_o enterprise_n be_v likely_a to_o prove_v hurtful_a or_o profitable_a to_o his_o estate_n and_o when_o he_o suffer_v not_o himself_o to_o be_v carry_v away_o with_o the_o vain_a hope_n of_o achieve_v some_o conquest_n which_o can_v neither_o continue_v to_o he_o sure_o nor_o certain_a but_o rather_o draw_v after_o it_o a_o continual_a disquiet_n to_o his_o own_o safety_n for_o that_o prince_n that_o be_v lead_v with_o such_o a_o ambitious_a humour_n to_o enlarge_v his_o estate_n do_v but_o weaken_v himself_o in_o people_n and_o riches_n and_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v like_o the_o man_n that_o mind_v to_o raise_v the_o wall_n and_o roof_n of_o his_o house_n high_o take_v away_o the_o 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like_o our_o vantcurrer_n in_o such_o sort_n and_o order_n scour_v the_o country_n before_o behind_o and_o on_o all_o side_n that_o no_o novelty_n can_v so_o sudden_o happen_v but_o notice_n thereof_o be_v give_v at_o the_o imperial_a tent_n in_o a_o moment_n twelve_o thousand_o carrier_n of_o water_n and_o twenty_o thousand_o light_a huswife_n follow_v this_o army_n the_o number_n of_o lackey_n merchant_n artificer_n scullion_n they_o call_v they_o maniati_n ox_n buffal_n and_o carriage_n beast_n be_v infinite_a when_o the_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v any_o river_n knee-deep_a before_o the_o foremost_a be_v pass_v there_o be_v scant_o remain_v sufficient_a for_o the_o latter_a whereof_o to_o drink_v before_o this_o journey_n the_o king_n sacrifice_v in_o nine_o day_n 20736._o head_n of_o live_a creature_n as_o well_o of_o bird_n as_o beast_n the_o flesh_n whereof_o in_o honour_n of_o his_o idol_n be_v give_v to_o the_o poor_a the_o soldier_n be_v clothe_v in_o garment_n of_o cotton_n wool_n so_o close_o and_o hard_o quilt_v that_o they_o will_v bear_v out_o the_o thrust_n of_o a_o lance_n or_o sword_n every_o elephant_n be_v trim_v in_o a_o cover_n of_o cotton_n wool_n with_o a_o frame_n on_o his_o back_n bear_v four_o man_n to_o their_o tusk_n be_v fasten_v long_o and_o broad_a sword_n to_o cut_v in_o sunder_o whatsoever_o stand_v in_o their_o way_n the_o footman_n be_v arm_v with_o bow_n javelin_n sword_n and_o buckler_n these_o last_o the_o better_a to_o cover_v their_o whole_a body_n and_o to_o manage_v their_o heavy_a buckler_n carry_v no_o offensive_a weapon_n in_o the_o fight_n when_o the_o king_n perceive_v idalcan_n by_o the_o fury_n of_o his_o great_a ordinance_n to_o make_v havoc_n of_o his_o man_n and_o dismay_v the_o residue_n leap_v into_o the_o head_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v report_v to_o use_v this_o prince-beseeming_a encouragement_n believe_v i_o my_o companion_n idalcan_n shall_v rather_o boast_v that_o he_o have_v slay_v then_o overcome_v a_o king_n of_o narsinga_n with_o which_o word_n and_o ensample_n his_o soldier_n all_o inflame_v and_o ashamed_a of_o their_o cowardice_n with_o a_o furious_a charge_n break_v the_o enemy_n array_n and_o put_v idalcan_n to_o flight_n among_o other_o spoil_n they_o take_v four_o thousand_o arabian_a horse_n one_o hundred_o elephant_n four_o hundred_o great_a piece_n beside_o small_a the_o number_n of_o ox_n buffal_n tent_n and_o prisoner_n be_v inestimable_a with_o idalcan_n be_v forty_o portugal_n with_o the_o king_n of_o narsinga_n twenty_o in_o his_o reign_n two_o of_o his_o captain_n rebel_v virapanai_n usurp_v negapatan_n and_o veneapatir_n the_o territory_n adjoin_v to_o matipura_n calecute_v the_o most_o noble_a part_n of_o india_n be_v that_o which_o lie_v between_o the_o mountain_n gate_n and_o the_o indian_a ocean_n it_o stretch_v from_o cape_n comerin_n to_o the_o river_n cangierecor_fw-la three_o hundred_o mile_n long_o in_o this_o province_n reign_v the_o king_n of_o calcutta_n who_o though_o he_o may_v not_o be_v compare_v to_o the_o prince_n above_o speak_v of_o for_o number_n and_o power_n yet_o for_o pleasant_a and_o plentiful_a situation_n he_o may_v be_v say_v far_o to_o surpass_v they_o for_o the_o region_n be_v so_o cut_v as_o it_o be_v into_o many_o parcel_n sometime_o by_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n sometime_o by_o river_n and_o sometime_o by_o lake_n that_o nature_n as_o it_o shall_v seem_v will_v have_v it_o divide_v into_o several_a province_n as_o travancor_n colan_n cochin_n crangonor_n calecute_v tano_n &_o canonor_n seven_o year_n ago_o pereimal_a king_n of_o all_o malabar_n rule_v these_o province_n who_o after_o he_o become_v a_o mahometan_a and_o resolve_v to_o travel_v to_o mecca_n there_o to_o spend_v the_o remnant_n of_o his_o day_n divide_v the_o land_n into_o many_o principality_n but_o with_o this_o proviso_n that_o all_o sovereign_a authority_n shall_v rest_v in_o the_o king_n of_o calecute_v with_o the_o title_n of_o
samori_fw-la which_o signify_v emperor_n or_o as_o some_o write_v god_n on_o earth_n although_o the_o reputation_n of_o this_o king_n be_v much_o eclipse_v by_o the_o portugal_n partly_o by_o diversion_n of_o traffic_n from_o his_o country_n and_o partly_o by_o asti_v his_o rebel_n and_o vassal_n the_o king_n of_o tavor_n and_o cochin_n and_o though_o his_o title_n of_o samori_fw-la be_v little_o regard_v yet_o maintain_v he_o his_o wont_a majesty_n in_o very_o good_a sort_n among_o the_o barbarian_n calecute_v be_v 25._o league_n long_o malabar_n in_o the_o broad_a place_n exceed_v not_o ten_o the_o city_n of_o calecute_v from_o whence_o the_o province_n take_v his_o name_n be_v three_o mile_n long_o situate_v upon_o the_o sea_n side_n it_o contain_v but_o few_o house_n and_o those_o of_o little_a worth_n not_o above_o ten_o fifteen_o or_o twenty_o noble_n rend_v by_o year_n which_o be_v the_o common_a rent_n of_o all_o the_o house_n of_o the_o east_n indies_n if_o the_o arabian_n 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against_o true_a religion_n to_o arrogate_v to_o himself_o the_o name_n of_o god_n a_o imagination_n as_o i_o say_v before_o full_a of_o extreme_a ambition_n and_o madness_n but_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o proud_a and_o unreasonable_a cogitation_n god_n raise_v up_o against_o he_o a_o new_a enemy_n from_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o japan_n who_o as_o we_o understand_v by_o advisoe_n of_o the_o last_o year_n be_v likely_a to_o give_v he_o his_o hand_n and_o head_n full_a of_o business_n 1597._o the_o xeriffe_n among_o all_o the_o potentate_n of_o africa_n i_o do_v not_o think_v that_o there_o can_v any_o one_o be_v find_v to_o excel_v this_o prince_n either_o in_o wealth_n or_o power_n his_o dominion_n contain_v all_o that_o tract_n of_o mauritania_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v tingitana_n and_o stretch_v from_o the_o promontory_n bayador_n to_o tanger_n and_o from_o the_o atlantike_a ocean_n to_o the_o river_n muluia_n in_o which_o progress_n be_v contain_v the_o best_a 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