upon_o who_o but_o the_o word_n imply_v that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o noble_n in_o a_o general_n council_n for_o their_o common_a preservation_n from_o plunder_n not_o impose_v or_o raise_v by_o the_o king_n prerogative_n without_o their_o free_a consent_n in_o a_o general_n council_n or_o parliamentary_a assembly_n for_o so_o it_o be_v assess_v and_o levy_v in_o succeed_a time_n 166_o anno_fw-la dom._n 983._o the_o dane_n infest_v all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o people_n not_o know_v where_o or_o how_o to_o resist_v they_o decretum_fw-la est_fw-la a_fw-la viris_fw-la prudentibus_fw-la it_o be_v decree_v by_o the_o wiseman_n no_o doubt_n in_o a_o general_n council_n assemble_v for_o that_o end_n not_o by_o the_o king_n absolute_a authority_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v overcome_v with_o money_n who_o can_v not_o be_v vanquish_v with_o the_o sword_n wherefore_o they_o satisfy_v the_o covetousness_n of_o the_o dane_n with_o the_o payment_n of_o 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6._o c_o 24._o capgrave_n surius_n ribadenicra_fw-la holinsh_v in_o the_o life_n of_o edward_n the_o confessorâ—math_n westm_n simeon_n dunâ—lmâ—nsis_n and_o florent_fw-la wigorniensis_fw-la a_o 1051._o grafton_n in_o his_o chronicle_n p._n 180._o speed_z in_o his_o history_n of_o great_a britain_n l_o 8._o c_o 6_o sect_n 7_o p_o 419._o fabian_z in_o his_o chron_n part_n 6._o c_o 210_o p_o 282_o with_o the_o other_o foremention_v author_n joint_o attest_v by_o these_o four_o first_o general_n tax_n and_o public_a charge_n thus_o impose_v on_o the_o ancient_a saxon_n and_o english_a only_o by_o common_a grant_n and_o consent_n in_o the_o great_a parliamentary_a general_a council_n of_o the_o realm_n both_o for_o the_o maintetenance_n of_o god_n worship_n minister_n religion_n learning_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o invasion_n the_o truth_n of_o the_o first_o fundamental_a proposition_n in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n be_v abundant_o confirm_v 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and_o peace_n and_o law_n conclude_v and_o ratify_v in_o and_o by_o a_o parliament_n of_o noble_n in_o this_o age_n king_n 212._o guithelin_n to_o who_o the_o crown_n lineal_o descend_v from_o belinus_n marry_v martia_n a_o noble_a woman_n learn_v in_o all_o art_n who_o invent_v the_o law_n which_o the_o briton_n call_v martiana_n which_o king_n alfred_n approve_v translate_v into_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n and_o call_v it_o marchen_a league_n king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n make_v use_n of_o it_o in_o the_o collection_n and_o compile_n of_o his_o law_n hereafter_o mention_v though_o this_o queen_n first_o invent_v this_o law_n no_o doubt_n it_o be_v ratify_v by_o public_a consent_n of_o the_o king_n her_o husband_n and_o the_o noble_n in_o their_o general_a council_n in_o that_o age_n else_o it_o can_v not_o have_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n by_o her_o bare_a pen_n of_o it_o 5._o gorbonius_n grandchild_n to_o guithelin_n and_o martia_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o descent_n 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agreement_n between_o they_o and_o then_o carry_v he_o to_o york_n take_v the_o crown_n from_o his_o own_o head_n and_o set_v it_o on_o his_o brother_n archigallo_n for_o which_o memorable_a self-denying_a pious_a act_n to_o his_o brother_n he_o be_v style_v elidurus_n pius_fw-la archigallo_n upon_o his_o restitution_n correct_v his_o former_a error_n depose_v all_o ignoble_a person_n advance_v the_o nobility_n permit_v every_o man_n to_o enjoy_v what_o be_v his_o own_o 67_o and_o administer_v right_a justice_n to_o his_o people_n ennianus_fw-la his_o son_n king_n after_o he_o treat_v his_o subject_n ill_a be_v depose_v by_o they_o from_o the_o throne_n of_o the_o kingdom_n because_o he_o contrary_v justice_n prefer_v tyranny_n edwallo_n be_v make_v king_n in_o his_o place_n who_o instruct_v by_o his_o predecessor_n oversight_n jus_fw-la atque_fw-la rectitudinem_fw-la colebat_fw-la follow_v law_n and_o rectitude_n as_o do_v other_o of_o his_o successor_n our_o cassibelan_n history_n 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revenue_n which_o we_o have_v hitherto_o peaceable_o possess_v neither_o very_o will_v this_o suffice_v unless_o renounce_v our_o liberty_n we_o shall_v make_v subjection_n to_o he_o and_o thereby_o undergo_v perpetual_a servitude_n therefore_o caesar_n thou_o have_v demand_v a_o shameful_a thing_n see_v the_o vein_n of_o common_a nobility_n flow_v from_o aeneas_n both_o to_o the_o briton_n and_o roman_n and_o one_o and_o the_o same_o bond_n of_o kindred_n live_v still_o in_o both_o whereby_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v knit_v together_o in_o firm_a amity_n this_o therefore_o shall_v have_v be_v require_v of_o we_o not_o servitude_n because_o we_o have_v learn_v rather_o to_o give_v this_o then_o to_o bear_v the_o yoke_n of_o servitude_n for_o we_o have_v be_v so_o much_o accustom_v to_o enjoy_v liberty_n that_o we_o be_v altogether_o ignorant_a what_o it_o be_v to_o obey_v servitude_n which_o liberty_n if_o the_o god_n themselves_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o take_v from_o we_o very_o we_o will_v strive_v with_o all_o our_o might_n to_o resist_v they_o that_o we_o may_v retain_v it_o be_v it_o know_v therefore_o to_o thou_o caesar_n that_o we_o be_v prepare_v and_o resolve_v to_o fight_v for_o it_o and_o for_o our_o realm_n if_o as_o thou_o have_v threaten_v thou_o shall_v begin_v to_o come_v upon_o the_o isle_n of_o britain_n hereupon_o câ—sar_n prepare_v his_o navy_n and_o force_n arrive_v with_o his_o army_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o thames_n the_o briton_n though_o at_o civil_a war_n among_o themselves_o before_o upon_o this_o necessity_n unite_a themselves_o together_o to_o oppose_v the_o roman_n and_o communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la as_o 48._o caesar_n himself_o and_o other_o write_v by_o common_a advice_n and_o assent_n in_o a_o parliament_n of_o that_o age_n elect_a cassibelan_n for_o their_o general_n and_o commit_v the_o manage_n of_o the_o war_n to_o he_o who_o gather_v the_o whole_a strength_n of_o the_o briton_n together_o consilium_fw-la querens_fw-la a_o principibue_n regni_n as_o some_o and_o a_o proceribus_fw-la suis_fw-la 9_o as_o other_o record_v take_v council_n with_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o his_o noble_n how_o to_o reâ—â—e_v the_o enemy_n they_o resolve_v to_o resist_v their_o land_n and_o to_o assault_v they_o in_o their_o tent_n before_o they_o have_v fortify_v themselves_o or_o take_v any_o town_n and_o so_o to_o repel_v they_o which_o advice_n they_o pursue_v oppose_v their_o land_n and_o force_v the_o roman_n that_o be_v land_v to_o their_o ship_n and_o compel_v caesar_n to_o return_v into_o france_n as_o our_o british_a historian_n assert_v though_o caesar_n in_o his_o commentary_n to_o cover_v his_o dishonour_n relate_v the_o contrary_a the_o year_n follow_v caesar_n recruit_v his_o army_n land_v again_o in_o cornwall_n and_o be_v repulse_v by_o cassibelan_n the_o second_o time_n with_o great_a loss_n whereupon_o cassibelan_n joyful_a of_o his_o victory_n return_v to_o troynovant_n edictum_fw-la fecit_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la proceres_fw-la britanny_n convenirent_fw-la make_v a_o edict_n that_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o britain_n shall_v assemble_v together_o at_o troynovant_n to_o offer_v public_a praise_n and_o sacrifice_n to_o his_o god_n who_o have_v make_v he_o to_o triumph_v over_o so_o great_a a_o emperor_n as_o caesar_n at_o this_o assembly_n evelin_n nephew_n to_o androgeus_n duke_n of_o trionovant_n play_v with_o herelgas_n nephew_n to_o cassibelan_n upon_o a_o sudden_a quarrel_n between_o they_o cut_v of_o herelgas_n head_n at_o which_o the_o king_n be_v very_o angry_a command_v evelin_n to_o be_v bring_v before_o his_o presence_n and_o to_o be_v ready_a sententiam_fw-la quam_fw-la proceres_fw-la dictarent_fw-la â—_o or_o talem_fw-la sententiam_fw-la quam_fw-la proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la judicarent_fw-la subire_fw-la to_o undergo_v such_o a_o sentence_n and_o judgement_n as_o the_o noble_n and_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n shall_v pronounce_v that_o herelgas_n may_v net_n remain_v unrevenged_a in_o case_n he_o be_v unjust_o slay_v androgeus_n
have_v companion_n for_o to_o hear_v and_o determine_v in_o parliament_n all_o the_o writ_n and_o plaint_n of_o the_o wrong_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o of_o their_o child_n and_o especial_o of_o those_o of_o who_o wrong_n one_o can_v not_o have_v right_a other_z where_o and_o these_o companion_n be_v now_o call_v count_n after_o the_o latin_a word_n comites_fw-la every_o oâ—e_n of_o which_o have_v at_o first_o a_o country_n deliver_v to_o he_o to_o guard_v and_o defend_v it_o from_o the_o enemy_n which_o country_n be_v now_o call_v a_o county_n and_o in_o latin_a comitatus_fw-la and_o these_o county_n together_o with_o the_o realm_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o inheritance_n so_o horn_n in_o his_o mirror_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o these_o english_a saxon_n from_o the_o first_o settlement_n of_o their_o kâ—â—gdomes_n and_o monarchy_n have_v no_o sovereign_a power_n at_o all_o tâ—_n make_v alter_z or_o repeal_v law_n impose_v tax_n or_o alien_a their_o crown_n land_n but_o only_o by_o common_a consent_n in_o general_n parliamentary_a council_n much_o less_o to_o imprison_v conâ—emn_v exile_n outlaw_n any_o mâ—ns_n person_n or_o to_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o life_n land_n good_n franchise_n against_o the_o law_n without_o any_o legal_a trial_n as_o these_o subsequent_a historical_a collection_n will_v at_o large_a demonstrate_v that_o they_o have_v no_o power_n nor_o authority_n to_o make_v 5._o alter_z or_o repeal_v any_o law_n but_o only_o by_o common_a advice_n and_o consent_n of_o their_o noble_n and_o wiseman_n in_o their_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v evident_a by_o this_o passage_n of_o our_o venerable_a 738_o beda_n concern_v ethelbert_n king_n of_o kent_n 605._o the_o first_o christian_n saxon_n king_n and_o lawmaker_n he_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 605._o inter_fw-la cetera_fw-la bona_fw-la quae_fw-la genti_fw-la suae_fw-la consulendo_fw-la conferebat_fw-la etiam_fw-la decreta_fw-la illi_fw-la juxta_fw-la exempla_fw-la romanorum_fw-la cum_o consilio_fw-la sapientum_fw-la constitvit_fw-la quae_fw-la conscripta_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sermone_fw-la hactenus_fw-la habentur_fw-la &_o observantur_fw-la ab_fw-la ea_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la primitus_fw-la posuit_fw-la qualiter_fw-la id_fw-la emendare_fw-la deberet_fw-la qui_fw-la aliquid_fw-la rerum_fw-la vel_fw-la episcopi_fw-la vel_fw-la reliquorum_fw-la ordinum_fw-la furto_fw-la aufernt_v volens_fw-la scilicet_fw-la tuitionem_fw-la eye_n quos_fw-la &_o quorum_fw-la doctrinam_fw-la susceperat_fw-la praesiare_fw-la malmesbury_n and_o huntingdon_n write_v of_o he_o quin_fw-la etiam_fw-la curam_fw-la extendens_fw-la in_o posteros_fw-la leges_fw-la patrio_fw-la sermone_fw-la tulit_n quibus_fw-la bonis_fw-la praemia_fw-la decerneret_fw-la improbis_fw-la per_fw-la remedia_fw-la meliora_fw-la occurreret_fw-la nihil_fw-la super_fw-la aliqvo_fw-la negocio_fw-la infuturum_fw-la relinqvens_fw-la ambigwm_fw-la the_o first_o law_n this_o christian_a king_n ever_o make_v by_o the_o council_n of_o his_o wiseman_n be_v for_o god_n his_o church_n and_o minister_n to_o protect_v they_o and_o they_o from_o violence_n a_o jove_n principium_fw-la and_o the_o next_o for_o to_o protect_v great_a council_n and_o their_o member_n from_o injury_n thus_o record_v by_o 3._o sir_n henry_n spelmau_n out_o of_o a_o famous_a ancient_a manuscript_n call_v textus_fw-la roffensis_fw-la 1._o quicunque_fw-la res_fw-la dei_fw-la vel_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la abstulerit_fw-la dvodecima_fw-la componat_fw-la solutione_n episcopire_n undecima_fw-la solutione_n sacerdotis_fw-la res_fw-la nona_fw-la solutione_n diaconire_n sexta._o solutione_n clerici_fw-la res_fw-la trina_fw-la solutione_n pax_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la violata_fw-la duplici_fw-la emendetur_fw-la solutione_n pax_o monachi_fw-la duplici_fw-la etiam_fw-la solutione_n 2._o si_fw-mi rex_fw-la populum_fw-la suum_fw-la convocaverit_fw-la 6_o &_o hos_fw-la illic_fw-la quispiam_fw-la injuria_fw-la afficerit_fw-la duplex_fw-la esto_fw-la emendatio_fw-la &_o praeterea_fw-la 50._o solidos_fw-la regi_fw-la pendito_fw-mi let_v the_o forcer_n of_o parliament_n consider_v it_o to_o these_o i_o may_v subjoin_v all_o the_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a law_n canon_n constitution_n of_o all_o our_o other_o saxon_a king_n before_o the_o norman_n reign_n record_v in_o mr._n lambards_n archaion_n and_o scatter_o mention_v in_o beda_n ingulfus_n william_n of_o malmesbury_n huntindon_n matthew_n westminster_n florentius_n wigorniensis_n brompt_v antiquitates_fw-la eccl._n britannicae_n mr._n selden'_v title_n of_o honour_n mr._n fox_n act_n and_o monument_n with_o other_o antiquary_n and_o historian_n all_o make_v alter_v amend_v repeal_v from_o time_n to_o time_n by_o common_a advice_n and_o consent_n in_o their_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n which_o because_o i_o have_v particular_o insist_v on_o in_o my_o antiquity_n triumph_v over_o novelty_n and_o historical_a collection_n of_o the_o ancient_a great_a council_n and_o parliament_n of_o england_n i_o shall_v forbear_v here_o to_o repeat_v at_o large_a be_v never_o yet_o deny_v by_o any_o and_o a_o truth_n beyond_o contradiction_n that_o our_o saxon_a king_n from_o their_o original_a institution_n 605._o can_v not_o alienate_v or_o transfer_v to_o any_o other_o use_v no_o not_o to_o endow_v church_n 10._o support_v god_n worship_n or_o minister_n any_o of_o their_o crown_n land_n demesne_n or_o revenue_n without_o common_a consent_n of_o their_o noble_n and_o prelate_n in_o their_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n be_v apparent_a by_o the_o three_o first_o charter_n we_o read_v of_o grant_v by_o 127._o ethelbert_n the_o first_o christian_n saxon_n king_n to_o the_o church_n of_o peter_n and_o paul_n in_o canterbnry_n anno_fw-la dom._n 605._o wherein_o the_o king_n cum_o consensv_n venerabilis_fw-la augustini_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la ac_fw-la principum_fw-la meorum_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o archbishop_n augustine_n and_o his_o prince_n first_o give_v and_o grant_v a_o parcel_n of_o land_n 7._o of_o his_o right_n in_o the_o east_n part_n of_o the_o city_n of_o canterbury_n to_o build_v a_o church_n and_o monastery_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o after_o that_o by_o a_o second_o charter_n of_o the_o same_o date_n confirm_v by_o his_o own_o the_o archbishop_n and_o noble_n subscription_n thereto_o with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n he_o give_v and_o grant_v other_o land_n in_o langeport_n to_o god_n and_o his_o church_n and_o after_o that_o by_o a_o three_o charter_n anno_fw-la 610._o he_o grant_v other_o land_n and_o privilege_n to_o it_o as_o a_o testimony_n of_o his_o gratitnde_n to_o god_n for_o his_o conversion_n from_o the_o error_n of_o false_a god_n to_o the_o worship_n of_o the_o only_a true_a god_n adjure_v and_o command_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n god_n almighty_a who_o be_v the_o just_a judge_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o the_o say_v land_n give_v to_o this_o church_n by_o the_o say_v subscribe_v charter_n shall_v be_v perpetual_o confirm_v so_o that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v lawful_a for_o himself_o nor_o for_o any_o of_o his_o successor_n king_n or_o prince_n or_o for_o any_o secular_a or_o ecclesiastical_a dignity_n to_o defraud_v the_o church_n of_o any_o part_n thereof_o and_o if_o any_o shall_v attempt_v to_o diminish_v or_o make_v void_a any_o thing_n of_o this_o donation_n let_v he_o be_v at_o present_a separate_v from_o the_o holy_a communion_n of_o the_o body_n and_o blood_n of_o christ_n and_o in_o the_o day_n of_o judgement_n let_v he_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o fellowship_n of_o all_o the_o saint_n the_o two_o first_o of_o his_o charter_n and_o donation_n to_o this_o church_n be_v approve_v and_o confirm_v in_o a_o common_a council_n assemble_v by_o this_o king_n at_o canterbury_n 5._o january_n anno_fw-la 605._o omnium_fw-la &_o singulorum_fw-la approbatione_fw-la &_o consensu_fw-la by_o the_o approbation_n and_o consent_n of_o all_z and_o every_o of_o they_o as_o you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n and_o william_n thorne_n this_o truth_n be_v further_a abundant_o confirm_v by_o the_o 945_o charter_n of_o immunity_n of_o withraed_n king_n of_o kent_n grant_v to_o the_o church_n under_o he_o anno_fw-la 700._o the_o charter_n of_o ethelbald_a king_n of_o mercia_n to_o the_o church_n of_o croyland_n an._n 716._o the_o charter_n of_o king_n have_v of_o land_n and_o privilege_n to_o the_o church_n of_o glastonbury_n anno_fw-la 725._o the_o charter_n of_o king_n offa_n of_o land_n and_o privilege_n to_o the_o courch_n of_o st._n alban_n anno_fw-la 794._o the_o charter_n of_o king_n egfr_v to_o the_o same_o church_n anno_fw-la 797._o the_o charter_n of_o bertulph_n king_n of_o mercia_n to_o the_o abbot_n of_o croyland_n make_v in_o the_o parliamental_a great_a council_n of_o biningdon_n anno_fw-la 850._o and_o of_o kingsbury_n anno_fw-la 851._o ah_o memorable_a precedent_n record_v at_o large_a by_o abbot_n ingulphus_n hist_o p._n 858._o to_o 863._o the_o charter_n of_o king_n aethelstan_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o malmesbury_n an._n 930._o the_o charter_n of_o king_n edmond_n to_o the_o abbot_n of_o glastonbury_n anno_fw-la 944._o and_o of_o the_o same_o edmund_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o hyde_n anno_fw-la 966._o and_o to_o
the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n the_o same_o year_n and_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o malmesbury_n anno_fw-la 974._o with_o many_o other_o charter_n of_o our_o saxon_a king_n to_o abbey_n bishop_n and_o church_n record_v in_o ingulphus_n malmesbury_n spelman_n and_o cant._n other_o all_o which_o be_v make_v and_o confirm_v by_o these_o king_n with_o the_o consent_n and_o approbation_n of_o their_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o noble_n assemble_v in_o their_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n and_o ratify_v confirm_v by_o they_o be_v else_o void_a in_o law_n and_o repeaâ—lable_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o general_n 2018_o council_n of_o kingston_n anno_fw-la 838._o wherein_o the_o manor_n of_o malling_n in_o kent_n which_o king_n baldred_n have_v former_o give_v to_o christ_n church_n in_o canterbury_n be_v afterward_o etc._n revoke_v and_o substract_v from_o it_o because_o the_o noble_n offend_v with_o the_o king_n will_v not_o ratify_v that_o donation_n nor_o suffer_v it_o to_o remain_v firm_a be_v resettled_a and_o confirm_v to_o this_o church_n in_o and_o by_o this_o council_n special_o summon_v for_o that_o purpose_n by_o king_n egbert_n and_o his_o son_n athelwelfe_n consenti_fw-la entibus_fw-la demum_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la the_o noble_n now_o at_o last_o consent_v to_o it_o in_o this_o council_n 10._o which_o they_o refuse_v former_o to_o do_v a_o clear_a evidence_n of_o the_o nobleman_n negative_a and_o affirmative_a voice_n to_o the_o saxon_a king_n grant_v of_o their_o land_n and_o charter_n to_o pious_a use_n and_o of_o their_o invalidity_n without_o their_o concurrent_a assent_n thereto_o in_o most_o of_o these_o forecited_a charter_n of_o our_o king_n to_o these_o church_n and_o monastery_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o they_o exempt_v they_o and_o their_o land_n ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la publicis_fw-la vectigalibus_fw-la oneribus_n regiis_fw-la exactionibus_fw-la et_fw-la operibus_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o structionibus_fw-la arcium_fw-la vel_fw-la pontium_fw-la quae_fw-la nunquam_fw-la ullâ—s_fw-la possint_fw-la laxari_fw-la from_o which_o notwithstanding_o king_n 228._o have_v exempt_v the_o abbey_n of_o glastonbury_n and_o king_n aethulwulfe_n and_o beorred_a the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n &_o ab_fw-la expeditione_n militari_fw-la and_o therefore_o as_o they_o can_v not_o thus_o exempt_v they_o from_o public_a tribute_n burden_n regal_a exaction_n and_o service_n without_o common_a consent_n in_o parliamentary_a council_n so_o they_o can_v not_o impose_v any_o public_a tribute_n burden_n exaction_n or_o service_n on_o they_o without_o common_a grant_n and_o consent_n in_o such_o council_n unless_o by_o special_a referration_n as_o i_o shall_v by_o ensue_a precedent_n most_o full_o evidence_n how_o careful_a the_o saxon_a noble_n and_o subject_n be_v from_o the_o first_o erection_n of_o their_o king_n and_o kingdom_n in_o england_n to_o preserve_v their_o privilege_n liberty_n property_n law_n from_o the_o usurpation_n invasion_n and_o arbitrary_a power_n of_o tyrannical_a king_n or_o usurper_n and_o how_o unanimous_a magnanimous_a they_o show_v themselves_o in_o their_o just_a defence_n will_v appear_v by_o these_o few_o precedent_n of_o their_o proceed_n against_o their_o tyrannical_a oppress_v king_n which_o i_o shall_v muster_v up_o together_o in_o their_o chronological_a order_n anno_fw-la dom._n 756._o 4_o sigebert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n 756._o grow_v insolent_a and_o proud_a by_o the_o success_n of_o his_o predecessor_n in_o their_o war_n become_v intolerable_a to_o his_o people_n treat_v they_o very_o ill_o by_o all_o kind_n of_o mean_n legesqve_n antecessorum_n svorum_n propter_fw-la commodum_fw-la swm_fw-la well_fw-mi depravaret_fw-la well_fw-mi mutaret_fw-la endeavour_v to_o deprave_v or_o change_v the_o law_n of_o his_o ancestor_n for_o his_o own_o private_a luchre_n and_o use_v exaction_n &_o cruelty_n upon_o his_o subject_n set_v asidâ—â—_fw-la alice_n law_n whereupon_o his_o most_o noble_a and_o faithful_a counsellor_n earl_n cumbra_n love_o intimate_v to_o he_o the_o complaint_n of_o all_o the_o people_n persuade_v the_o king_n to_o govern_v the_o people_n commit_v to_o his_o charge_n more_o mild_o and_o to_o lay_v aside_o his_o inhumanity_n that_o so_o he_o may_v become_v amiable_a to_o god_n and_o man_n he_o thereupon_o soon_o after_o command_v he_o to_o be_v wicked_o slay_v and_o become_v afterward_o more_o cruel_a to_o the_o people_n augment_v his_o tyranny_n upon_o which_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o pâ—ers_n see_v their_o state_n and_o life_n be_v every_o day_n in_o danger_n and_o the_o common_a subject_n who_o law_n be_v thus_o violate_v be_v incense_v into_o fury_n all_o the_o noble_n and_o people_n of_o his_o realm_n assemble_v together_o rose_z up_o against_o he_o and_o upon_o provident_a mature_a deliberation_n and_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_z they_o before_o he_o have_v reign_v full_a two_o year_n expel_v he_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o elect_a and_o make_v kenulphus_n spring_v from_o the_o blood_n royal_a king_n in_o his_o stead_n whereupon_o fly_v into_o the_o wood_n like_o a_o forlorn_a person_n for_o shelter_n he_o be_v there_o slay_v by_o cumbra_n his_o swineherd_n in_o revenge_n of_o his_o master_n death_n ita_fw-la crâ—delitas_fw-la regis_fw-la omnem_fw-la pene_fw-la nobilitatem_fw-la pervagata_fw-la in_fw-la homine_fw-la ultimae_fw-la sortis_fw-la stetit_fw-la write_v malmesbury_n to_o which_o henry_n huntindon_n add_v this_o memorable_a observation_n ecce_fw-la manifestum_fw-la domini_fw-la judicium_fw-la ecce_fw-la quomodo_fw-la domini_fw-la justitia_fw-la nonsolum_fw-la in_o futuro_fw-la seculo_fw-la verum_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o isto_fw-la digna_fw-la meritis_fw-la recompensat_fw-la eligens_fw-la namque_fw-la reges_fw-la improbos_fw-la ad_fw-la contritionem_fw-la promeritam_fw-la subjectorum_fw-la alium_fw-la diu_fw-la insanire_fw-la permittit_fw-la ut_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la pravus_fw-la diu_fw-la vexetur_fw-la &_o 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and_o prince_n and_o the_o rain_v of_o blood_n then_o at_o york_n in_o the_o lend_a time_n where_o their_o religion_n first_o take_v its_o beginning_n in_o that_o nation_n presage_v that_o blood_n shall_v come_v from_o the_o northern_a part_n upon_o that_o bloody_a land_n and_o realm_n of_o northumberland_n almost_o bring_v to_o desolation_n for_o its_o intestine_a dissension_n bloudsheds_a and_o fallacious_a oath_n which_o they_o violate_v to_o their_o sovereign_n the_o emperor_n charles_n himself_o have_v prepare_v divers_a present_n and_o letter_n to_o be_v send_v by_o alcuinus_fw-la and_o other_o to_o king_n offa_n and_o king_n ethelred_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o their_o respective_a realm_n after_o his_o present_n and_o letter_n deliver_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o messenger_n hear_v of_o the_o murder_n of_o king_n ethelred_n and_o the_o treachery_n of_o this_o nation_n to_o their_o king_n by_o messenger_n return_v through_o scotland_n from_o king_n offa_n recall_v all_o his_o present_n and_o gift_n and_o be_v so_o far_o incense_v against_o that_o nation_n which_o he_o call_v perfidious_a and_o perverse_a and_o murderers_z of_o their_o king_n estimate_v they_o worse_o than_o pagan_n that_o unless_o alcuinus_fw-la have_v intercede_v for_o they_o he_o have_v present_o substract_v all_o the_o good_a he_o can_v from_o they_o and_o have_v do_v they_o all_o the_o hurt_n that_o possible_o he_o can_v devise_v 3._o malmesbury_n record_v that_o after_o ethelred_n no_o man_n dare_v ascend_v to_o the_o kingdom_n while_o every_o one_o fear_v in_o particular_a lest_o the_o chance_n of_o these_o forego_v king_n shall_v befall_v himself_o and_o will_v rather_o live_v safe_a in_o inglorious_a idleness_n than_o reign_n pendulus_fw-la in_o doubtful_a danger_n see_v most_o of_o the_o king_n of_o northumberland_n depart_v out_o of_o this_o life_n by_o the_o treachery_n and_o destruction_n by_o their_o subject_n whereupon_o they_o have_v no_o king_n for_o thirty_o three_o 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the_o second_o part_n of_o a_o seasonable_a legal_a and_o historical_a vindication_n and_o chronological_a collection_n of_o the_o good_a old_a fundamental_a liberty_n franchise_n right_n law_n government_n of_o all_o english_a freeman_n their_o best_a inheritance_n and_o only_a security_n against_o all_o arbitrary_a tyranny_n and_o egyptian_a tax_n wherein_o the_o extraordinary_a zeal_n courage_n care_n vigilancy_n civil_a military_a and_o parliamentary_a consultation_n contest_v to_o preserve_v establish_v perpetuate_v they_o to_o posterity_n against_o all_o tyrant_n usurper_n enemy_n invader_n both_o under_o the_o ancient_a pagan_a and_o christian_a briton_n roman_n saxon_n the_o law_n and_o parliamental_a great_a council_n of_o the_o briton_n saxon_n with_o some_o general_n precedent_n concern_v the_o limit_a power_n and_o prerogative_n of_o our_o british_a and_o first_o saxon_n king_n the_o fundamental_a right_n liberty_n franchise_n law_n of_o their_o subject_n the_o severe_a 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campanella_n book_n de_n monarchia_fw-la hisp_n c._n 25._o and_o cardinal_n richelieu_n his_o instruction_n at_o his_o death_n to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o as_o courtney_n the_o jesuit_n rector_n of_o the_o english_a jesuit_n college_n at_o rome_n do_v in_o the_o year_n 1641._o when_o the_o name_n of_o independent_a be_v scarce_o hear_v of_o in_o england_n open_o affirm_v to_o some_o english_a gentleman_n and_o a_o reverend_a minister_n of_o late_a in_o cornwall_n from_o who_o i_o have_v this_o relation_n then_o and_o there_o feast_v by_o the_o english_a jesuit_n in_o their_o college_n that_o they_o now_o at_o last_o after_o all_o their_o former_a plot_n have_v miscarry_v they_o have_v find_v out_o a_o sure_a way_n to_o subvert_v and_o ruin_v the_o church_n of_o england_n which_o be_v most_o formidable_a to_o they_o of_o all_o other_o by_o the_o independent_o who_o immediate_o after_o infinite_o increase_v supplant_v the_o presbyterian_n by_o degree_n get_v the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o army_n and_o by_o it_o of_o the_o kingdom_n into_o their_o hand_n and_o then_o subvert_v both_o the_o parliament_n king_n and_o his_o posterity_n so_o some_o independent_a minister_n sectary_n and_o anabaptist_n ever_o since_o 1648._o have_v neglect_v the_o observation_n of_o the_o 5_o of_o november_n as_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v and_o refuse_v to_o render_v public_a thanks_o to_o god_n for_o the_o deliverance_n thereon_o contrary_a to_o the_o act_n for_o this_o very_a reason_n which_o some_o of_o they_o have_v render_v that_o they_o will_v not_o mock_v god_n in_o public_a by_o praise_v he_o for_o deliver_v the_o late_a king_n royal_a posterity_n and_o house_n of_o lord_n from_o destruction_n then_o by_o jesuit_n and_o papist_n whenas_o themselves_o have_v since_o destroy_v and_o subvert_v they_o through_o god_n providence_n and_o repute_v it_o a_o special_a mercy_n and_o deliverance_n to_o the_o nation_n from_o tyranny_n and_o bondage_n for_o which_o they_o have_v cause_n to_o bless_v the_o lord_n peform_v that_o for_o the_o jesuit_n and_o powder-traytor_n which_o themselves_o can_v not_o effect_v the_o lord_n give_v they_o grace_n and_o heart_n to_o consider_v how_o much_o they_o act_v the_o jesuit_n and_o promote_v their_o very_a worst_a design_n against_o we_o therein_o what_o infamy_n and_o scandal_n they_o have_v thereby_o draw_v upon_o all_o zealous_a professor_n of_o our_o protestant_a religion_n and_o 31._o what_o they_o will_v do_v in_o the_o end_n thereof_o 9_o to_o omit_v all_o other_o foreign_a instance_n cite_v in_o speculum_fw-la jesuiticum_fw-la p._n 124._o to_o 130._o where_o you_o may_v peruse_v they_o at_o leisure_n by_o 19_o their_o poison_a king_n james_n himself_o in_o conclusion_n as_o some_o of_o they_o have_v boast_v 10._o by_o the_o pope_n nuntio_n and_o conclave_n of_o jesuit_n conspiracy_n at_o london_n anno_fw-la 1640._o 22._o to_o poison_v our_o late_a king_n charles_n himself_o as_o they_o have_v poison_v his_o father_n with_o a_o poison_a indian_a nut_n keep_v by_o the_o jesuit_n and_o show_v often_o by_o con_fw-mi the_o pope_n nuncio_n to_o the_o discoverer_n of_o that_o plot_n or_o else_o to_o destroy_v he_o by_o the_o scotish_n war_n and_o trouble_n raise_v for_o that_o very_a end_n by_o the_o jesuit_n in_o case_n he_o refuse_v to_o grant_v they_o a_o universal_a liberty_n of_o exercise_v their_o popish_a religion_n throughout_o his_o realm_n and_o dominion_n and_o then_o to_o train_v up_o his_o son_n under_o they_o in_o the_o popish_a religion_n to_o which_o not_o only_o heretofore_o but_o now_o likewise_o they_o strenuous_o endeavour_v by_o all_o possible_a mean_n to_o seduce_v he_o as_o appear_v more_o especial_o by_o monsieur_n militierre_n his_o 1653._o late_a book_n dedicate_v to_o he_o for_o that_o purpose_n sure_o all_o these_o premise_a instance_n compare_v together_o will_v sufficient_o inform_v the_o world_n that_o the_o late_a unparelleled_a 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stand_v up_o say_v regem_fw-la interficere_fw-la cupiditate_fw-la dominandi_fw-la nefas_fw-la mihi_fw-la videtur_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la licitum_fw-la sit_fw-la pro_fw-la patria_fw-la pugnade_n to_o slay_v a_o king_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o reign_v in_o his_o stead_n seem_v a_o wickedness_n unto_o i_o see_v it_o be_v lawful_a to_o all_o man_n to_o fight_v for_o their_o country_n this_o be_v the_o divinity_n and_o morality_n of_o the_o very_a pagan_a briton_n in_o that_o age_n whereupon_o i_o rather_o advise_v that_o we_o shall_v demand_v his_o elder_a daughter_n from_o he_o as_o a_o wife_n for_o our_o captain_n brute_n and_o a_o good_a sum_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n with_o she_o for_o her_o dowry_n with_o ship_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n for_o our_o jouruey_n and_o free_a licence_n to_o transport_v ourselves_o to_o some_o other_o country_n because_o we_o can_v never_o hope_v to_o live_v peaceable_o there_o see_v the_o child_n and_o nephew_n of_o those_o which_o we_o have_v new_o slay_v in_o these_o war_n will_v meditate_v revenge_n to_o the_o which_o tota_n multiâ—udo_fw-la acquievit_fw-la all_o the_o multitude_n assent_v and_o pandrasus_n to_o save_v his_o life_n and_o gain_v his_o enlargement_n willing_o condescend_v to_o 10._o furnish_v they_o with_o ship_n and_o provision_n with_o which_o brute_n and_o all_o his_o associate_n arrive_v at_o totnes_n in_o albion_n seat_v themselves_o there_o brute_n from_o his_o name_n style_v this_o island_n britain_n and_o his_o companion_n briton_n destroy_v those_o few_o giant_n which_o former_o possess_v it_o and_o then_o build_v a_o city_n which_o he_o style_v troy-novant_a now_o london_n dedicavit_fw-la eam_fw-la civibus_fw-la jure_fw-la victuris_fw-la deditque_fw-la legem_fw-la qua_fw-la pacifice_fw-la tractarentur_fw-la in_o this_o history_n of_o our_o first_o british_a king_n brute_n we_o have_v these_o 5._o remarkable_a particular_n 1._o a_o war_n to_o shake_v off_o slavery_n and_o recover_v public_a liberty_n 2._o a_o kind_n of_o general_n parliamentary_a council_n summon_v by_o brute_n of_o all_o the_o elder_n of_o the_o briton_n to_o advise_v of_o peace_n war_n and_o of_o their_o common_a safety_n and_o affair_n 3._o a_o resolution_n against_o kill_v even_o a_o tyrannical_a oppress_a king_n take_v in_o the_o field_n in_o battle_n out_o of_o covetousness_n to_o enjoy_v his_o crown_n and_o dominion_n as_o a_o most_o wicked_a act_n 4._o a_o settle_v of_o a_o hereditary_a kingly_a government_n in_o this_o isle_n upon_o the_o very_a first_o plantation_n of_o the_o briton_n in_o it_o 5._o law_n make_v and_o give_v to_o the_o people_n whereby_o they_o may_v live_v peaceable_o without_o injury_n or_o oppression_n this_o kingdom_n descend_v in_o lineal_a succession_n from_o brute_n and_o his_o posterity_n to_o 28._o leir_n son_n of_o king_n bladud_n who_o reign_v 60._o year_n and_o have_v only_o three_o daughter_n consilio_fw-la procerum_fw-la regni_fw-la by_o the_o counsel_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n give_v two_o of_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n and_o albania_n with_o one_o moiety_n only_o of_o the_o island_n while_o he_o live_v and_o the_o whole_a monarchy_n of_o britain_n after_o his_o death_n after_o this_o porrex_n slay_v his_o elder_a brother_n ferrex_n to_o get_v the_o crown_n be_v slay_v by_o his_o own_o mother_n and_o her_o maid_n for_o his_o treason_n and_o fratricide_n whereupon_o civil_a discord_n arise_v a_o long_a time_n the_o kingdom_n thereby_o be_v subject_v to_o five_o several_a king_n who_o infest_a one_o another_o with_o mutual_a slaughter_n till_o 2._o dunwallo_n molmutius_n succeed_v his_o father_n clotho_n king_n of_o cornwall_n in_o the_o crown_n slay_v the_o usurp_a king_n of_o loegria_n wales_n and_o albania_n reign_v alone_o over_o they_o about_o the_o time_n of_o nehemiah_n after_o which_o he_o enact_v certain_a law_n call_v molmutine_v law_n which_o for_o many_o age_n after_o be_v very_o famous_a and_o general_o observe_v among_o the_o briton_n yea_o use_a commend_v by_o the_o saxon_n and_o english_a and_o insert_v into_o edward_n the_o confessor_n law_n be_v famous_a till_o william_n the_o conqueror_n time_n what_o these_o law_n be_v in_o particular_a in_o relation_n to_o the_o liberty_n and_o property_n of_o the_o subject_a appear_v not_o but_o the_o issue_n prove_v that_o they_o tend_v to_o public_a peace_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o subject_n person_n and_o estate_n from_o violence_n for_o in_o his_o reign_n after_o these_o law_n publish_v for_o confirmation_n whereof_o he_o build_v the_o temple_n of_o concord_n in_o troynovant_n where_o he_o be_v afterward_o bury_v latronum_fw-la mucrones_fw-la cessabant_fw-la 5._o raptorum_fw-la saevitiae_fw-la obturabantur_fw-la nec_fw-la lâ—erat_fw-la usquam_fw-la qui_fw-la violentiam_fw-la alicui_fw-la ingereret_fw-la the_o sword_n of_o thief_n cease_v the_o cruelty_n of_o plunderer_n and_o violent_a taker_n of_o man_n good_n and_o possession_n be_v prevent_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o place_n who_o will_v offer_v violence_n to_o any_o man_n moreover_o he_o ordain_v that_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o god_n and_o city_n and_o the_o way_n lead_v to_o they_o and_o the_o plough_n of_o husbandman_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o privilege_n of_o sanctuary_n so_o as_o every_o person_n who_o flee_v unto_o they_o through_o guilt_n or_o otherwise_o may_v depart_v quiet_o with_o leave_n and_o without_o arrest_n before_o his_o enemy_n after_o his_o death_n about_o 400._o year_n before_o our_o saviour_n nativity_n his_o two_o son_n brennus_n and_o belinus_n by_o consent_n divide_v his_o kingdom_n between_o they_o till_o brennus_n the_o young_a son_n 54._o aspire_v after_o the_o monarchy_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n be_v vanquish_v and_o expel_v by_o his_o brother_n into_o france_n in_o which_o war_n gurthlac_n king_n of_o denmark_n aid_v brennus_n be_v take_v prisoner_n by_o belinus_n qui_fw-la convocavit_fw-la omnes_fw-la regni_fw-la proceres_fw-la etc._n etc._n who_o call_v together_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o york_n consilio_fw-la eorum_fw-la tractaturus_fw-la to_o debate_v by_o their_o council_n in_o nature_n of_o a_o parliament_n what_o he_o shall_v do_v with_o gurthlac_n 9_o who_o proffer_v to_o submit_v himself_o with_o his_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n to_o he_o to_o pay_v he_o a_o annual_a tribute_n and_o to_o ratify_v this_o agreement_n by_o his_o oath_n and_o surety_n for_o his_o enlargement_n and_o ransom_n 9_o whereupon_o the_o noble_n resolve_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v enlarge_v upon_o this_o condition_n which_o be_v do_v according_o convocatis_fw-la proceribus_fw-la cum_fw-la id_fw-la judicatum_fw-la fuisset_fw-la assensum_fw-la prebuerunt_fw-la cuncti_fw-la that_o he_o shall_v be_v enlarge_v upon_o these_o condition_n as_o the_o marginal_a author_n record_n after_o which_o king_n belinus_n obtain_v the_o government_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n confirm_v his_o father_n molmutine_v law_n command_v upright_o and_o stable_a justice_n to_o be_v do_v throughout_o the_o land_n and_o the_o way_n to_o the_o temple_n to_o be_v mark_v out_o in_o all_o place_n with_o stone_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v ambiguous_a be_v privilege_v from_o arrest_n and_o violence_n this_o king_n addict_v himself_o constant_o to_o justice_n the_o people_n thereby_o become_v more_o wealthy_a in_o few_o year_n than_o ever_o they_o have_v be_v in_o former_a time_n after_o this_o brennus_n arrive_v with_o a_o army_n out_o of_o france_n to_o recover_v his_o right_n belinus_n be_v ready_a to_o encounter_v he_o in_o a_o set_a battle_n their_o mother_n mediate_v a_o peace_n between_o they_o 9_o whereupon_o they_o love_o embrace_v each_o other_o and_o go_v to_o troynovant_n inito_fw-la concilio_fw-la quid_fw-la agerent_fw-la have_v there_o hold_v a_o council_n what_o they_o shall_v do_v they_o resolve_v to_o send_v a_o common_a army_n to_o conquer_v france_n and_o other_o foreign_a part_n which_o they_o put_v in_o execution_n here_o we_o have_v matter_n of_o war_n
6._o matthew_n parker_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n thus_o comment_v on_o this_o epistle_n that_o in_o condendis_fw-la legibus_fw-la in_o make_v law_n the_o king_n need_v not_o the_o pope_n authority_n or_o assistance_n have_v the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a and_o new_a testament_n out_o of_o which_o adhibito_fw-la procerum_fw-la consilio_fw-la by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o noble_n 5._o he_o may_v take_v holy_a law_n without_o any_o error_n be_v sufficient_o support_v with_o his_o own_o not_o a_o foreign_a authority_n he_o be_v god_n vicar_n in_o his_o own_o realm_n and_o represent_v his_o power_n to_o his_o people_n after_o which_o this_o king_n by_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o his_o prince_n and_o noble_n build_v and_o endow_v many_o church_n with_o glebe_n and_o land_n abundant_o confirm_v they_o with_o charter_n and_o muniment_n and_o likewise_o ordain_v that_o church_n and_o churchyard_n shall_v be_v so_o free_a that_o no_o malefactor_n or_o other_o person_n fly_v to_o they_o shall_v be_v arrest_v or_o suffer_v any_o violence_n in_o they_o king_n 201._o lucius_z die_v without_o heir_n anno_fw-la dom._n 201_o thereupon_o discord_n arise_v among_o the_o briton_n 201._o which_o give_v great_a advantage_n to_o the_o roman_n who_o think_v at_o first_o they_o 43_o suffer_v the_o british_a king_n to_o reign_v under_o they_o make_v they_o the_o instrument_n of_o their_o own_o and_o their_o people_n slavery_n by_o their_o compliance_n with_o the_o roman_n yet_o at_o last_o perceive_v that_o divers_a of_o thâ—se_a british_a king_n 14._o to_o regain_v their_o own_o and_o their_o people_n liberty_n do_v oft_o time_n rebel_v and_o raise_v up_o war_n and_o sedition_n against_o they_o thereupon_o after_o king_n lucius_n his_o death_n to_o keep_v the_o island_n in_o great_a quietness_n and_o subjection_n under_o they_o they_o make_v a_o decree_n that_o none_o of_o the_o british_a blood_n or_o race_n shall_v from_o thence_o forth_o be_v invest_v with_o royal_a dignity_n in_o the_o isle_n as_o the_o principal_a mean_n to_o keep_v they_o in_o perpetual_a slavery_n and_o instead_o of_o one_o king_n they_o place_v over_o the_o briton_n in_o every_o province_n first_o a_o lieutenant_n with_o several_a condition_n garrison_n of_o horse_n and_o foâ—t_n who_o disarm_v all_o the_o native_n they_o suspect_v suck_v the_o people_n blood_n and_o vex_v they_o with_o soldier_n and_o contribution_n next_o a_o procurator_n and_o publican_n who_o like_a greedyâ—cormorants_n and_o horseleech_n confiscate_v their_o good_n prey_v upon_o their_o estate_n and_o vex_v they_o with_o perpetual_a exaction_n extortion_n and_o reproachful_a abuse_n also_o a_o praetor_n and_o proconsul_n with_o absolute_a power_n and_o commission_n to_o govern_v they_o after_o the_o roman_a law_n not_o permit_v they_o to_o use_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o their_o country_n and_o to_o minister_v justice_n in_o all_o capital_a matter_n with_o great_a pomp_n and_o severity_n so_o that_o the_o roman_a law_n be_v now_o only_o in_o use_n and_o force_v among_o the_o briton_n which_o a_o learned_a poet_n thus_o express_v cernitis_fw-la ignotos_fw-la latia_n sub_fw-la lege_fw-la britannos_fw-la and_o withal_o they_o endeavour_v constant_o to_o nourish_v discord_n and_o division_n among_o the_o briton_n themselves_o and_o by_o these_o wily_a policy_n keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n under_o they_o who_o yet_o upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o advantage_n endeavour_v to_o shake_v off_o the_o roman_a yoke_n and_o restore_v their_o native_a liberty_n law_n government_n with_o the_o hazard_n of_o their_o life_n as_o our_o historian_n large_o relate_v about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 286._o â—â—6_n carausius_n a_o briton_n have_v get_v a_o commission_n from_o rome_n speed_n to_o defend_v the_o sea_n coast_v of_o britain_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o barbarous_a nation_n raise_v great_a force_n under_o that_o pretext_n promise_v the_o briton_n that_o if_o they_o will_v choose_v he_o for_o their_o king_n he_o will_v expel_v the_o roman_n and_o free_a the_o whole_a island_n from_o the_o barbarian_n whereupon_o they_o all_o consent_v and_o make_v he_o king_n upon_o which_o he_o deny_v to_o pay_v the_o roman_n their_o accustom_a tribute_n the_o senate_n be_v inform_v hereof_o send_v alectus_fw-la into_o britain_n to_o reduce_v it_o who_o join_v battle_n with_o carausius_n slay_v he_o and_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o briton_n because_o they_o revolt_v from_o the_o roman_a republic_n and_o subject_v themselves_o to_o carausius_n who_o prefer_v their_o liberty_n before_o their_o life_n alectus_fw-la take_v upon_o he_o the_o royal_a diadem_n be_v soon_o after_o slay_v with_o most_o of_o his_o roman_a soldier_n by_o asclipiodorus_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n and_o the_o briton_n fight_v to_o regain_v their_o liberty_n who_o crown_v asclâ—piodorus_n king_n by_o common_a consent_n he_o rule_v they_o for_o x._o year_n with_o right_a justice_n restrain_v the_o cruelty_n of_o plunderer_n and_o sword_n of_o robber_n and_o free_v they_o from_o the_o roman_a tribute_n coel_n duke_n of_o colchester_n slay_v he_o and_o make_v himself_o king_n the_o roman_n have_v lose_v their_o tribute_n for_o above_o ten_o year_n space_n send_v constantius_n into_o britain_n to_o reduce_v it_o under_o obedience_n who_o no_o soon_o land_v but_o coel_n hear_v of_o his_o great_a fame_n and_o victory_n in_o other_o part_n send_v ambassador_n to_o he_o crave_v peace_n and_o promise_a subjection_n which_o he_o accept_v of_o exact_v nothing_o but_o the_o usual_a tribute_n coel_n decease_a short_o after_o leave_v one_o only_o daughter_n helena_n to_o inherit_v the_o kingdom_n constantius_n marry_v and_o beget_v upon_o she_o that_o famous_a constantine_n the_o great_a this_o emperor_n history_n constantius_n chlorus_n 302._o come_v into_o britain_n to_o govern_v it_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 302._o find_v the_o ill_a effect_n of_o other_o tyranny_n and_o rapine_n show_v himself_o very_o love_v gentle_a affable_a and_o kind_a to_o the_o people_n little_o regard_v his_o private_a profit_n 1._o but_o altogether_o reign_v to_o enrich_v his_o subject_n and_o to_o that_o end_n will_v often_o say_v i_o will_v our_o late_a and_o present_a tax-imposing_a governor_n will_v remember_v it_o that_o it_o be_v more_o behooveful_a for_o the_o public_a that_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o land_n shall_v be_v disperse_v into_o the_o commons_o hand_n then_o to_o lie_v lock_v up_o in_o prince_n coffer_n or_o in_o such_o a_o common_a treasury_n 313._o as_o our_o new_a projector_n have_v provide_v for_o it_o by_o the_o 28_o 29._o article_n of_o their_o ill-sounding_a instrument_n after_o which_o they_o will_v have_v we_o henceforth_o dance_v the_o life_n emperor_n constantine_n the_o great_a his_o son_n bear_v and_o crown_v both_o king_n and_o emperor_n in_o britain_n among_o other_o good_a law_n make_v these_o two_o memorable_a one_o for_o the_o relief_n of_o poor_a christian_n injurious_o banish_v and_o deprive_v of_o their_o land_n and_o good_n by_o diocletian_a maximinian_n licinius_n and_o other_o persecute_v pagan_a roman_a emperor_n about_o the_o year_n 313._o wherein_n he_o restore_v the_o banish_a christian_n to_o their_o native_a country_n land_n and_o former_a dignity_n as_o the_o marginal_a author_n witness_n which_o law_n be_v record_v in_o 15._o eusebius_n de_fw-la vita_fw-la constantini_n l._n 2._o c._n 30_o 31._o the_o first_o of_o they_o be_v entitle_v a_o law_n for_o freâ—ing_n or_o relieve_v banish_v man_n to_o this_o effect_n therefore_o all_o those_o who_o be_v bring_v under_o the_o cruel_a sentence_n of_o judge_n at_o what_o time_n soever_o it_o befall_v they_o have_v be_v compel_v to_o change_v their_o country_n by_o exile_n because_o they_o neglect_v not_o what_o make_v for_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o religion_n to_o who_o they_o have_v consecrate_v themselvo_n with_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o their_o soul_n all_o these_o i_o say_v be_v restore_v both_o to_o their_o hereditary_a possession_n and_o their_o accustom_a tranquillity_n may_v give_v thanks_o to_o god_n the_o setter_n free_a of_o all_o man_n 2._o and_o those_o who_o have_v be_v deprive_v of_o their_o good_n &_o oppress_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o estate_n have_v hitherto_o live_v a_o most_o contemptible_a life_n these_o be_v likewise_o restore_v to_o their_o former_a house_n family_n and_o good_n may_v cheerful_o praise_v the_o beneficencie_n of_o god_n who_o be_v best_a and_o mighty_a the_o second_o inscribe_v a_o law_n reduce_v those_o who_o be_v banish_v into_o island_n in_o these_o word_n moreover_o we_o command_v that_o those_o who_o be_v now_o detain_v in_o island_n against_o their_o will_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o our_o provision_n and_o care_n to_o wit_n that_o whereas_o hitherto_o they_o have_v be_v shut_v up_o on_o every_o side_n in_o the_o narrow_a cliff_n of_o mountain_n and_o environ_v with_o the_o rage_a wave_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v now_o free_v from_o that_o bitter_a
solitariness_n utter_o repugnant_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n they_o may_v return_v again_o to_o their_o most_o belove_a friend_n and_o whereas_o they_o have_v live_v a_o long_a time_n in_o a_o filthy_a sordid_a and_o odious_a condition_n have_v obtain_v a_o return_n as_o a_o sudden_a and_o unexpected_a booty_n and_o be_v free_v from_o care_n and_o trouble_n they_o may_v hereafter_o live_v a_o life_n void_a of_o fear_n under_o our_o empire_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 376._o 379._o 379._o octavius_n king_n of_o the_o briton_n die_v without_o issue_n male_a leave_v one_o only_a daughter_n there_o fall_v out_o a_o difference_n among_o the_o briton_n to_o who_o they_o shall_v marry_v she_o with_o the_o kingdom_n 5._o at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n 379._o magnates_fw-la britanny_n the_o noble_n of_o britain_n that_o they_o may_v obtain_v a_o firm_a peace_n conclude_v no_o doubt_n in_o a_o general_a council_n to_o send_v ambassador_n to_o rome_n to_o tender_v the_o lady_n with_o the_o crown_n to_o maximian_n a_o roman_a senator_n son_n of_o leolin_n aâ—briton_n uncle_n to_o constantine_n the_o great_a 12._o geoffry_n of_o monmouth_n and_o his_o epitomiser_n grafton_n ponticus_n virunnius_n thus_o relate_v the_o story_n that_o king_n octavius_n be_v old_a and_o have_v one_o only_o daughter_n quesivit_fw-la a_o consiliariis_fw-la suis_fw-la demand_v of_o his_o counsellor_n who_o they_o desire_v to_o advance_v to_o be_v king_n after_o his_o decease_n 10._o whereupon_o some_o of_o they_o advise_v that_o he_o shall_v bestow_v his_o daughter_n together_o with_o the_o realm_n on_o some_o of_o the_o noble_a roman_n to_o procure_v a_o firm_a peace_n other_o advise_v that_o conon_n his_o nephew_n shall_v be_v install_v in_o the_o royal_a throne_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o his_o daughter_n with_o gold_n and_o silver_n marry_v to_o some_o foreign_a prince_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v debate_v caradoc_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n come_v in_o and_o give_v his_o advice_n that_o they_o shall_v invite_v maximinian_n the_o senator_n descend_v of_o british_a and_o roman_a as_o well_o as_o royal_a blood_n to_o come_v into_o britain_n to_o marry_v the_o king_n daughter_n and_o with_o her_o the_o realm_n whereby_o they_o shall_v enjoy_v perpetual_a peace_n which_o conan_n for_o his_o own_o interest_n oppose_v but_o major_a pars_fw-la laudabat_fw-la the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o noble_n approve_v it_o and_o consent_v thereunto_o whereupon_o caradoc_n send_v his_o son_n maurice_n to_o maximinian_n who_o relate_v to_o he_o that_o octavius_n be_v age_a and_o sick_a desire_v nothing_o more_o than_o to_o find_v out_o such_o a_o person_n of_o honour_n on_o who_o he_o may_v bestow_v his_o kingdom_n with_o his_o daughter_n consiliumque_fw-la a_o proccribus_fw-la suis_fw-la quesivit_fw-la and_o that_o he_o have_v demand_v counsel_n from_o his_o noble_n to_o who_o he_o may_v marry_v his_o only_a daughter_n with_o the_o crown_n that_o the_o noble_n in_o obedience_n to_o his_o command_n decreverunt_fw-la ut_fw-la tibi_fw-la regnum_fw-la et_fw-la pvella_fw-la concederetur_fw-la have_v decree_v that_o the_o kingdom_n with_o the_o damsel_n shall_v be_v grant_v to_o he_o &_o that_o they_o have_v decree_v he_o shall_v come_v and_o give_v he_o notice_n thereof_o whereupon_o maximinian_n embrace_v the_o offer_n come_v into_o britain_n and_o land_v at_o hampton_n with_o a_o great_a train_n of_o soldier_n 3._o the_o king_n suppofe_v they_o to_o be_v a_o army_n of_o enemy_n command_v all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o be_v assemble_v and_o march_v against_o they_o under_o conan_n which_o maximinian_n admire_v at_o and_o unable_a to_o resist_v they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o conan_n with_o olive_n branch_n tell_v he_o they_o be_v send_v from_o rome_n to_o the_o king_n and_o require_v peace_n till_o they_o know_v his_o pleasure_n and_o when_o conan_n doubt_v whether_o to_o give_v they_o peace_n or_o battle_n caradoc_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o noble_n dissuade_v conan_n from_o fight_v with_o they_o and_o advise_v he_o to_o grant_v they_o peace_n which_o he_o do_v who_o be_v bring_v to_o london_n to_o the_o king_n he_o communi_fw-la consensu_fw-la by_o common_a consent_n of_o his_o noble_n give_v his_o daughter_n with_o the_o kingdom_n to_o maximinian_n by_o which_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o king_n without_o consent_n of_o his_o noble_n in_o parliament_n can_v not_o dispose_v of_o his_o daughter_n and_o â—heir_n to_o the_o crown_n nor_o of_o his_o kingdom_n to_o another_o that_o the_o noble_n in_o that_o age_n be_v the_o king_n great_a council_n and_o parliament_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o that_o the_o major_a part_n of_o they_o sway_v all_o business_n in_o their_o counsel_n by_o the_o majority_n of_o voice_n the_o end_n for_o which_o i_o relate_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 390._o brit._n maximus_n the_o tyrant_n king_n of_o britain_n etc._n invade_v armoricâ—_n in_o france_n carry_v such_o a_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n with_o he_o out_o of_o britain_n that_o he_o leave_v almost_o all_o britain_n empty_a of_o soldier_n and_o force_n to_o defend_v it_o carrying_z all_o the_o soldier_n and_o warlike_a young_a man_n with_o he_o leave_v none_o but_o unmanly_a and_o country_n people_n behind_o he_o and_o have_v subdue_v all_o armorica_n that_o year_n he_o style_v it_o little_a britain_n the_o next_o year_n he_o send_v for_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o briton_n more_o to_o people_n it_o and_o thirty_o thousand_o soldier_n out_o of_o britain_n to_o garrison_n the_o town_n and_o the_o next_o year_n he_o send_v for_o eleven_o thousand_o virgin_n and_o sixty_o thousand_o other_o person_n to_o be_v transport_v into_o little_a britain_n whereby_o old_a britain_n be_v almost_o quite_o dispeople_v and_o leave_v destitute_a of_o all_o defence_n hereupon_o the_o huns_n and_o pict_n invade_v and_o infest_a the_o briton_n very_o much_o slay_v the_o briton_n and_o waste_v their_o city_n and_o town_n the_o briton_n send_v to_o maximus_n for_o assistance_n he_o send_v gratianus_n a_o senator_n with_o two_o legion_n to_o aid_v they_o who_o slay_v many_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o chase_v the_o rest_n into_o island_n anno_fw-la 392._o maximus_n be_v slay_v at_o rome_n thereupon_o gratianus_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o crown_n of_o britain_n make_v himself_o king_n thereof_o after_o which_o he_o exercise_v so_o great_a tyranny_n towards_o the_o briton_n that_o the_o common_a geople_n gather_v together_o slay_v he_o whereupon_o the_o former_a expulse_v enemy_n return_v oppress_a and_o afflict_v the_o briton_n very_o much_o for_o a_o long_a time_n upon_o this_o the_o briton_n anno_fw-la 420_o and_o 421._o send_v to_o the_o roman_a emperor_n for_o aid_n to_o expel_v these_o invader_n which_o they_o send_v according_o but_o in_o small_a proportion_n who_o chase_v away_o the_o enemy_n for_o the_o present_a then_o encourage_v and_o teach_v the_o briton_n how_o to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o make_v wall_n and_o fortification_n to_o resist_v their_o invasion_n return_v back_o again_o by_o reason_n of_o other_o war_n upon_o this_o their_o former_a enemy_n infest_a they_o more_o than_o former_o as_o last_v anno_fw-la 434._o in_o the_o 8._o year_n of_o theodosius_n the_o young_a the_o roman_n by_o occasion_n of_o other_o war_n withdraw_v all_o their_o soldier_n out_o of_o britain_n leave_v the_o briton_n destitute_a like_v so_o many_o sheep_n without_o a_o shepherd_n expose_v to_o the_o wolvish_a cruelty_n and_o depredation_n of_o the_o pict_n scot_n norwegian_n dane_n who_o force_v they_o to_o fly_v from_o their_o city_n and_o house_n into_o wood_n mountain_n cave_n rock_n and_o there_o to_o hide_v themselves_o from_o their_o bloody_a fury_n in_o this_o distress_n they_o send_v messenger_n to_o rome_n with_o this_o short_a mournful_a relation_n of_o their_o lamentable_a condition_n 434._o agitio_n ter_z consuli_fw-la gemitus_fw-la britonum_fw-la salutem_fw-la nos_fw-la mare_fw-la ad_fw-la barbaros_fw-la &_o barbari_fw-la ad_fw-la mare_fw-la propellunt_fw-la inter_fw-la haec_fw-la autem_fw-la duo_fw-la funerum_fw-la genera_fw-la oriuntur_fw-la aut_fw-la enim_fw-la submergimur_fw-la aut_fw-la jugulamur_fw-la the_o messenger_n return_v without_o any_o aid_n from_o rome_n which_o be_v deny_v they_o and_o relate_v to_o their_o countryman_n their_o sad_a repulse_n the_o briton_n take_v counsel_n together_o 9_o how_o to_o redeem_v themselves_o in_o this_o forlorn_a estate_n withhold_v the_o payment_n of_o their_o ancient_a tribute_n to_o the_o roman_n which_o they_o have_v a_o long_a time_n pay_v they_o and_o send_v guithelin_n archbishop_n of_o london_n to_o their_o brethren_n in_o little_a britain_n for_o aid_n 455._o where_o be_v honourable_o receive_v by_o king_n androenus_n he_o acquaint_v he_o with_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o come_n and_o the_o great_a misery_n and_o distress_n of_o his_o countryman_n press_v he_o with_o many_o argument_n to_o go_v and_o receive_v the_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n which_o of_o right_n belong_v to_o he_o and_o
gorlois_n duke_n of_o cornwall_n be_v present_a the_o king_n not_o long_o after_o be_v take_v with_o a_o great_a sickness_n octae_fw-la and_o osa_n the_o saxon_a general_n bribe_v their_o keeper_n efcape_v out_o of_o prison_n and_o then_o collect_v all_o their_o force_n resolve_v to_o extirpate_v the_o briton_n and_o christian_a religion_n out_o of_o the_o island_n in_o pursuance_n whereof_o they_o waste_v the_o land_n from_o sea_n to_o sea_n spare_v neither_o bishop_n nor_o church_n overrun_a all_o place_n without_o resistance_n the_o briton_n desert_v their_o sick_a king_n flee_v into_o wood_n and_o cave_n refuse_v to_o follow_v the_o counsel_n and_o conduct_v of_o consul_n lotho_n a_o most_o valiant_a man_n who_o the_o king_n have_v make_v general_n of_o his_o force_n hereupon_o king_n uther_n be_v much_o grieve_v for_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o oppression_n of_o the_o church_n the_o desolation_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o dispersion_n of_o the_o people_n anno_fw-la 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command_n of_o so_o great_a a_o order_n thou_o have_v take_v away_o from_o they_o the_o province_n of_o the_o swisser_n and_o all_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o ocean_n who_o king_n while_o the_o roman_a power_n prevail_v in_o those_o part_n paiâ—_n tribute_n to_o our_o ancestor_n now_o because_o the_o senate_n have_v diverce_v to_o demand_v justice_n concern_v so_o great_a heap_n of_o thy_o injury_n i_o command_v thou_o to_o repair_v to_o rome_n to_o answer_v they_o on_o the_o midst_n of_o august_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o time_n prefix_v to_o thou_o that_o satisfy_v thy_o lord_n thou_o may_v submit_v to_o that_o sentence_n which_o their_o justice_n shall_v pronounce_v but_o if_o thou_o refuse_v i_o myself_o will_v come_v in_o person_n into_o thy_o quarter_n and_o will_v endeavour_v to_o restore_v by_o the_o sword_n what_o ever_o thy_o frenzy_n have_v take_v away_o from_o the_o republic_n this_o letter_n be_v read_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o the_o king_n and_o noble_n present_a 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nihil_fw-la enimu_fw-la odd_a vi_fw-mi &_o violentia_fw-la acquiritur_fw-la just_a ab_fw-la ullo_fw-la prossidetur_fw-la qui_fw-la violentiam_fw-la intulit_fw-la irrationabilem_fw-la ergo_fw-la causam_fw-la pretendit_fw-la qua_fw-la nos_fw-la jure_fw-la sibi_fw-la tributarios_fw-la arbitratur_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o nothing_o which_o be_v acquire_v by_o force_n and_o violence_n nota._n be_v just_o possess_v by_o any_o man_n who_o have_v offer_v the_o violence_n therefore_o he_o pretend_v a_o unreasonable_a cause_n whereby_o he_o suppose_v we_o of_o right_a to_o he_o tributary_n to_o he_o now_o because_o he_o presume_v to_o exact_v from_o we_o id_fw-la quod_fw-la injustum_fw-la est_fw-la that_o which_o be_v unjust_a by_o the_o same_o reason_n let_v we_o demand_v tribute_n of_o rome_n from_o he_o and_o he_o which_o shall_v become_v strong_a let_v he_o carry_v away_o that_o he_o desire_v to_o have_v for_o if_o because_o julius_n caesar_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n have_v in_o time_n past_o subdue_v britain_n he_o determine_v that_o tribute_n ought_v now_o to_o be_v render_v to_o he_o out_o of_o it_o in_o like_a manner_n i_o think_v that_o rome_n ought_v now_o to_o render_v tribute_n unto_o we_o because_o my_o ancestor_n have_v in_o ancient_a time_n obtain_v it_o for_o belinus_n that_o most_o noble_a king_n of_o the_o briton_n use_v the_o assistance_n of_o his_o brother_n brennus_n duke_n of_o the_o allobroges_n have_v hang_v up_o four_o and_o twenty_o of_o the_o most_o noble_a roman_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o market_n place_n take_v the_o city_n and_o be_v take_v possess_v it_o a_o long_a time_n moreover_o constantine_n the_o son_n of_o helen_n and_o maximianus_n both_o of_o they_o my_o near_a kinsman_n both_o of_o they_o king_n of_o britain_n one_o after_o the_o other_o obtain_v the_o throne_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v you_o think_v therefore_o that_o tribute_n be_v to_o be_v demand_v by_o the_o roman_n concern_v france_n or_o the_o collateral_a island_n of_o the_o ocean_n i_o be_o not_o to_o answer_v to_o
they_o see_v they_o desert_v their_o defence_n when_o we_o substract_v they_o from_o their_o power_n the_o whole_a council_n of_o king_n and_o noble_n present_a assent_v full_o to_o this_o his_o opinion_n and_o resolution_n promise_v he_o their_o assistance_n in_o this_o cause_n against_o the_o roman_n whereupon_o he_o return_v answer_n to_o the_o roman_a emperor_n by_o the_o say_a messenger_n 7._o that_o he_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n render_v they_o tribute_n neither_o will_v he_o submit_v himself_o to_o their_o judgement_n concern_v it_o nor_o repair_v to_o rome_n yea_o that_o he_o demand_v from_o they_o that_o which_o they_o have_v decree_v by_o that_o their_o judgement_n to_o demand_v from_o he_o and_o hereupon_o some_o say_v he_o write_v this_o letter_n unto_o the_o senate_n of_o rome_n in_o answer_n of_o they_o understand_v among_o you_o at_o rome_n that_o i_o be_o king_n arthur_n of_o britain_n and_o free_o it_o hold_v and_o shall_v hold_v and_o at_o rome_n hasty_o will_v i_o be_v not_o to_o give_v you_o truage_n tribute_n but_o to_o have_v truage_n of_o you_o for_o constantine_n that_o be_v helen_n son_n and_o other_o of_o my_o ancestor_n conquer_a rome_n and_o thereof_o be_v emperor_n and_o that_o they_o have_v and_o hold_v i_o shall_v have_v and_o hold_v by_o god_n grace_n whereupon_o lucius_n tiberius_n by_o command_n of_o the_o senate_n raise_v great_a force_n among_o the_o eastern_a king_n to_o subdue_v britain_n be_v encounter_v and_o slay_v by_o king_n arthur_n with_o all_o his_o roman_a force_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o soisie_n in_o france_n anno_fw-la dom._n 537._o since_o which_o this_o tribute_n be_v never_o demand_v this_o history_n whether_o true_a or_o seigned_a as_o it_o declare_v by_o the_o resolution_n of_o thirteen_o king_n and_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o prince_n duke_n nobles_z prelate_n soldier_n that_o title_n and_o tribute_n get_v by_o force_n violence_n conquest_n be_v both_o irrational_a unjust_a and_o illegal_a so_o it_o resolve_n that_o the_o matter_n of_o war_n peace_n and_o other_o great_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v determine_v in_o parliament_n that_o the_o king_n prince_n and_o noble_n be_v the_o only_a parliament_n and_o parliament_n man_n of_o that_o age_n that_o the_o realm_n and_o king_n of_o england_n be_v neither_o tributary_n nor_o subject_n nor_o responsible_a to_o any_o foreign_a power_n jurisdiction_n or_o court_n whatsoever_o and_o that_o no_o tribute_n or_o tax_n can_v just_o be_v impose_v on_o or_o exact_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n but_o by_o their_o own_o voluntary_a grant_n and_o consent_n even_o by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o briton_n time_n and_o that_o whatever_o tax_n or_o possession_n be_v then_o gain_v by_o force_n conquest_n or_o arm_a power_n without_o just_a right_n and_o title_n be_v both_o unjust_a and_o unreasonable_a and_o so_o ought_v to_o be_v repute_v now_o quod_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la tractu_fw-la temporis_fw-la non_fw-la convalescit_fw-la be_v a_o principle_n in_o our_o law_n i_o read_v in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n before_o the_o conquest_n c._n 35._o in_o mr._n lambards_n archaion_n fol_n 135_o 136._o and_o sir_n edward_n cook_n his_o 7_o report_n calvin_n case_n fol._n 6_o 7._o that_o this_o most_o famous_a king_n arthur_n first_o invent_v and_o enact_v this_o law_n 8._o that_o all_o the_o prince_n earl_n noble_n knight_n and_o all_o freeman_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o britain_n aught_o to_o make_v and_o swear_v fealty_n to_o their_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o the_o full_a folkemote_a or_o leet_n in_o this_o form_n common_o use_v in_o leet_n till_o within_o the_o six_o year_n last_o pass_v you_o shall_v swear_v that_o from_o this_o day_n forward_o you_o shall_v be_v true_a and_o faithful_a to_o our_o sovereign_a king_n arthur_n and_o his_o heir_n and_o truth_n and_o faith_n you_o shall_v bear_v to_o he_o of_o life_n and_o member_n and_o terrene_a honour_n and_o you_o shall_v neither_o know_v nor_o hear_v of_o any_o ill_a or_o damage_n intend_v to_o he_o that_o you_o shall_v not_o defend_v so_o help_v you_o god_n and_o that_o by_o autherity_n of_o this_o law_n king_n arthur_n expel_v the_o saracen_n it_o shall_v be_v saxon_n for_o no_o saracen_n ever_o invade_v britain_n and_o enemy_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o by_o authority_n of_o this_o law_n king_n etheldred_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n slay_v all_o the_o dane_n throughout_o the_o whole_a realm_n sure_o such_o oath_n of_o fealty_n loyalty_n and_o homage_n be_v very_o ancient_a as_o our_o history_n manifest_v king_n arthur_n be_v mortal_o wound_v in_o the_o battle_n he_o fight_v with_o his_o nephew_n mordred_n who_o usurp_v the_o crown_n in_o his_o absence_n mordred_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o fight_n arthur_n despair_v of_o life_n give_v the_o crown_n of_o britain_n to_o constantine_n his_o kinsman_n anno_fw-la dom._n 542._o who_o together_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o british_a king_n 542._o neglect_v all_o law_n and_o justice_n war_a against_o each_o other_o and_o degenerate_v into_o tyrant_n usurper_n murderer_n perjurious_a person_n oppressor_n and_o the_o like_a decline_v daily_o in_o their_o power_n the_o saxon_n continual_o encroach_a upon_o they_o in_o all_o part_n and_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 586._o they_o be_v quite_o drive_v out_o of_o their_o kingdom_n together_o with_o their_o british_a subject_n by_o the_o saxon_n into_o wales_n cornwall_n and_o little_a britain_n in_o france_n and_o reduce_v to_o the_o extremity_n of_o all_o misery_n as_o you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o gildas_n de_fw-fr excidio_fw-la &_o conquestu_fw-la britanniae_fw-la and_o 278._o other_o out_o of_o he_o who_o thus_o describe_v the_o tyranny_n and_o vice_n of_o those_o time_n vngebantur_fw-la reges_fw-la non_fw-la per_fw-la deum_fw-la sed_fw-la qui_fw-la caeteris_fw-la crudeliores_fw-la extarent_fw-la &_o paulo_fw-la post_fw-la ab_fw-la unctoribus_fw-la non_fw-la pro_fw-la very_fw-la examinatione_fw-la trucidabantur_fw-la aliis_fw-la electis_fw-la trucioribus_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la vero_fw-la eorum_fw-la mitior_fw-la &_o veritate_fw-la aliquatenus_fw-la pronior_fw-la videretur_fw-la in_fw-la hunc_fw-la quasi_fw-la britanniae_fw-la subversorem_fw-la omnium_fw-la odia_fw-la telaque_fw-la sine_fw-la respectu_fw-la contorquebantur_fw-la &_o omne_fw-la quae_fw-la displicuerint_fw-la deoque_fw-la placuerint_fw-la aequali_fw-la saltem_fw-la lance_n pendebantur_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la graviora_fw-la fuissent_fw-la displicentia_fw-la sicque_fw-la agebant_fw-la cuncta_fw-la quae_fw-la saluti_fw-la contraria_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la ac_fw-la si_fw-la nihil_fw-la mundo_fw-la medicina_fw-la a_o vero_fw-la omnium_fw-la medico_fw-la largiretur_fw-la etc._n etc._n ita_fw-la cuncta_fw-la veritatis_fw-la &_o justitiae_fw-la moderamina_fw-la concussa_fw-la ac_fw-la subversa_fw-la sunt_fw-la ut_fw-la corum_fw-la non_fw-la dicam_fw-la fastigium_fw-la sed_fw-la ne_fw-la monimentum_fw-la quidem_fw-la in_o supra_fw-la dictis_fw-la propemodum_fw-la ordinibus_fw-la apparent_a exceptis_fw-la paucis_fw-la &_o valde_fw-la paucis_fw-la etc._n etc._n reges_fw-la habet_fw-la britannia_fw-la sed_fw-la tyrannos_fw-la judices_fw-la habet_fw-la sed_fw-la impios_fw-la saepe_fw-la praedantes_fw-la &_o concutientes_fw-la say_v innocent_n vindicantes_fw-la &_o patrocinantes_fw-la sed_fw-la reos_fw-la &_o latrones_fw-la crebro_fw-la jurantes_fw-la sed_fw-la perjurantes_n voventes_fw-la &_o continuo_fw-la propemodum_fw-la mentientes_fw-la belligerantes_fw-la sed_fw-la civilia_fw-la et_fw-la injusta_fw-la bella_n agentes_fw-la per_fw-la patriam_fw-la quidem_fw-la fures_fw-la magnopere_fw-la insectantes_fw-la &_o eos_fw-la qui_fw-la secum_fw-la admensam_fw-la sedent_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la amantes_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o munerante_n in_o sede_fw-la arbitraturi_fw-la sedentes_fw-la sed_fw-la raro_fw-la recti_fw-la judicii_fw-la regulam_fw-la quaerentes_fw-la innexios_fw-la humilesque_fw-la despicientes_fw-la sanguinarios_fw-la superbos_fw-la parricidas_fw-la commanipulares_fw-la qui_fw-la cum_fw-la ipso_fw-la nomine_fw-la certatim_fw-la delendi_fw-la sunt_fw-la pro_fw-la ut_fw-la possunt_fw-la efferentes_fw-la vinctos_fw-la plures_fw-la in_o carceribus_fw-la habentes_fw-la quos_fw-la dolo_fw-la svi_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la merito_fw-la proterunt_fw-la catenis_fw-la onerantes_fw-la inter_fw-la altaria_fw-la jurando_fw-la demorante_n &_o hoec_fw-la eadem_fw-la ac_fw-la si_fw-la lutulenta_fw-la paulo_fw-la post_fw-la saxa_fw-la despicientes_fw-la cujus_fw-la tanti_fw-la nefandi_fw-la piaculi_fw-la non_fw-la ignarus_fw-la est_fw-la immundae_fw-la leaenae_fw-la dâ—mnoniae_fw-la tyrannicus_fw-la catulus_n constantinus_n hoc_fw-la anno_fw-la post_fw-la horribile_fw-la juramenti_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la quo_fw-la se_fw-la devinxit_fw-la nequaquam_fw-la dâ—los_fw-la civibus_fw-la deo_fw-la primum_fw-la jâ—requejurando_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la demum_fw-la choris_fw-la &_o genetrice_n comitantibus_fw-la frelis_fw-la facturum_fw-la in_fw-la duarum_fw-la venerandis_fw-la matrum_fw-la finibus_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la earnalisque_n sub_fw-la sancti_fw-la abbatis_fw-la amphibalo_fw-la latera_fw-la regiorum_fw-la tenerrima_fw-la pucrorum_fw-la vel_fw-la praecordia_fw-la crudeliter_fw-la duum_fw-la totidemque_fw-la nutritorum_fw-la inter_fw-la ipsa_fw-la ut_fw-la dixi_fw-la sacrosancta_fw-la altaria_fw-la nefando_fw-la ense_fw-mi hastaque_fw-la prodentibus_fw-la laceravit_fw-la etc._n etc._n quid_fw-la tu_fw-la quâ—que_fw-la catule_fw-la leonine_n aureli_n canine_n agis_fw-la nun_n pacem_fw-la paâ—riae_fw-la mortiferum_fw-la ceu_fw-la
serpentem_fw-la odiens_fw-la civiliaque_fw-la bella_n &_o crebras_n injust_a praedas_fw-la sitiens_fw-la animae_fw-la tuus_fw-la caelestes_fw-la portas_fw-la pacis_fw-la ac_fw-la refrigerii_fw-la praecludis_fw-la quid_fw-la tu_fw-la etiam_fw-la insularis_fw-la draco_n multorum_fw-la tyrannorum_fw-la depulsor_fw-la tam_fw-la regno_fw-la quam_fw-la etiam_fw-la vita_fw-la snpradictorum_fw-la novissime_fw-la in_o nostro_fw-la stylo_fw-la prime_a in_o malo_fw-la major_a multis_fw-la potentia_fw-la simulque_fw-la malitia_fw-la largior_fw-la in_o dando_fw-la profusior_fw-la in_o peccato_fw-la robuste_fw-la armis_fw-la sed_fw-la animae_fw-la fortiâ—r_fw-la excidiis_fw-la maglocune_fw-fr in_o tam_fw-la vetusto_fw-la scelerum_fw-la aâ—ramento_fw-la stolide_a volutaris_fw-la quare_fw-la tantas_fw-la peccaminum_fw-la regiae_fw-la cervici_fw-la sponte_fw-la ut_fw-la ita_fw-la dicam_fw-la ineluctabiles_fw-la celsorum_fw-la seu_fw-la montium_fw-la innectis_fw-la mole_n nun_n in_o primis_fw-la adolescentiae_fw-la tuus_fw-la annis_fw-la avunculum_fw-la regem_fw-la cum_fw-la fortissimis_fw-la propemodum_fw-la militibus_fw-la acerrime_fw-la ense_fw-mi hasta_fw-la igni_fw-la oppressisti_fw-la parum_fw-la cogitans_fw-la propheticum_fw-la dictum_fw-la 24._o viri_fw-la inquiens_fw-la sanguinum_fw-la &_o doli_fw-la non_fw-la dimidiabunt_fw-la dies_fw-la suos_fw-la quid_fw-la pro_fw-la hoc_fw-la solo_fw-la retributionis_fw-la a_o justo_fw-la judice_fw-la sperares_fw-la &_o si_fw-la non_fw-la talia_fw-la sequerentur_fw-la quae_fw-la secuta_fw-la sunt_fw-la itidem_fw-la dicente_fw-la per_fw-la prophetam_fw-la 1_o vae_fw-la tibi_fw-la qui_fw-la praedaris_fw-la nun_n &_o ipse_fw-la praedaberis_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la occidis_fw-la nun_n &_o ipse_fw-la occideris_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la dâ—siveris_fw-la praedari_fw-la tunc_fw-la cade_fw-la these_o sin_n bring_v the_o ancient_a british_a king_n with_o their_o kingdom_n and_o people_n to_o ruin_v legitur_fw-la in_o libro_fw-la gildoe_n sapientissimi_fw-la britonum_fw-la quod_fw-la ijdem_fw-la britones_n propter_fw-la avaritiam_fw-la &_o rapinam_fw-la principum_fw-la propter_fw-la iniquitatem_fw-la &_o injuriam_fw-la judicum_fw-la propter_fw-la desidiam_fw-la praedicationis_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la propter_fw-la luxuriam_fw-la &_o malos_fw-la mores_fw-la populi_fw-la patriam_fw-la perdiderunt_fw-la write_v alcuinus_fw-la and_o 26._o malmesbury_n the_o lord_n grant_v they_o may_v not_o bring_v our_o kingdom_n and_o nation_n to_o like_a ruin_n and_o desolation_n now_o how_o many_o bloody_a war_n and_o battle_n the_o broton_n after_o they_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o their_o country_n into_o the_o welsh_a mountain_n by_o the_o saâ—ons_n fight_v with_o they_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n right_n liberty_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o valiant_a cadâ—in_n who_o after_o twenty_o four_o year_n civil_a dissension_n among_o the_o briton_n and_o so_o long_a a_o inter-regnum_fw-la be_v 112._o by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o all_z the_o princes_z and_o noble_n of_o the_o briton_n assemble_v together_o in_o a_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n at_o legecester_n elect_v and_o make_v 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o briton_n which_o nobles_n and_o counsellor_n will_v not_o permit_v he_o to_o give_v way_n that_o edwin_n the_o saxon_a by_o his_o permission_n shall_v be_v crown_v king_n of_o northamberland_n aiebant_fw-la enim_fw-la contra_fw-la ius_fw-la veterumqve_fw-la traditionem_fw-la esse_fw-la insulam_fw-la unius_fw-la coronae_fw-la dvobus_fw-la coronatis_fw-la submitti_n debere_fw-la and_o after_o his_o decease_n under_o cadwallo_n his_o son_n who_o succeed_v he_o in_o the_o crown_n and_o under_o famous_a cadwallader_n succeed_v cadwallo_n his_o father_n in_o the_o kingly_a government_n by_o lineal_a dâ—scent_n by_o who_o death_n both_o the_o royal_a blond_n with_o the_o government_n of_o the_o briton_n and_o the_o very_a name_n of_o britain_n itself_o expire_v you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o geoffry_n monmouth_n bâ—da_n gildas_n maelmesbury_n huntindon_n 853_o matthew_n westminster_n fabian_z holinsh_v grafton_n speed_n and_o other_o be_v over_o tedious_a to_o relate_v the_o division_n and_o discord_n among_o the_o british_a nobility_n during_o cadwalladers_n sickness_n second_v with_o eleven_o year_n sere_a pestilence_n famine_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o misery_n whereby_o the_o land_n become_v desolate_a enforce_v they_o to_o forsake_v their_o native_a country_n and_o to_o seek_v relief_n in_o foreign_a part_n whereupon_o the_o saxon_n send_v for_o more_o of_o their_o countryman_n into_o britain_n replenish_v and_o plant_v the_o vacant_a country_n dispossess_v the_o briton_n total_o of_o their_o ancient_a rightful_a inheritance_n which_o they_o never_o since_o regain_v after_o they_o have_v possess_v it_o from_o brute_n to_o cadwallader_n for_o two_o thousand_o seventy_o six_o year_n under_o one_o hundred_o and_o two_o king_n as_o john_n brompton_n record_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o history_n col_fw-fr 725._o and_o this_o shall_v suffice_v concern_v the_o briton_n contest_v and_o war_n for_o their_o liberty_n law_n government_n country_n religion_n against_o the_o roman_n saxon_n and_o touch_v their_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n &_o proceed_n in_o they_o from_o julius_n caesar_n to_o the_o saxon_n conquest_n and_o total_a supplantation_n of_o they_o by_o treachery_n violence_n and_o the_o sword_n of_o which_o violent_a intrusion_n laeland_n our_o famous_a antiquary_n and_o archbishop_n parker_n in_o his_o antiquitâ—tes_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la britannicae_n p._n 12._o give_v their_o censure_n in_o point_n of_o conscience_n who_o write_v of_o pope_n gregory_n conversion_n of_o the_o pagan_a saxon_n who_o expel_v the_o briton_n to_o the_o christian_a faith_n conclude_v thus_o debuerat_fw-la gregorius_n admonuisse_fw-la saxones_n gentem_fw-la perfidam_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la sincere_a christiaâ—issimâ—m_fw-la admittere_fw-la vellent_fw-la britanniae_fw-la imperium_fw-la qvod_fw-la contra_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la militiae_fw-la per_fw-la tyrannidem_fw-la occupaverant_a justis_fw-la dominis_n ac_fw-la possessoribus_fw-la restitverent_a that_o be_v gregory_n ought_v to_o have_v admonish_v the_o saxon_n a_o perfidious_a nation_n that_o if_o they_o will_v sincere_o embrace_v christianity_n they_o then_o ought_v to_o restore_v the_o kingdom_n of_o britain_n which_o they_o have_v seize_v upon_o by_o tyranny_n against_o the_o oath_n of_o their_o militia_n to_o the_o just_a lord_n and_o possessor_n thereof_o a_o doctrine_n fit_a to_o be_v press_v on_o other_o now_o by_o all_o our_o minister_n which_o because_o they_o neglect_v to_o do_v you_o may_v read_v what_o a_o divine_a retaliation_n their_o postetity_n receive_v from_o the_o pagan_a dane_n in_o the_o ensue_a section_n chap._n iii_o sect_n iii_o comprise_v some_o remarkable_a general_n historical_a collection_n prove_v the_o limit_a power_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o first_o saxon_n king_n of_o england_n disable_v to_o make_v any_o law_n war_n peace_n alienate_v their_o crown_n land_n impose_v any_o tax_n tribute_n in_o any_o necessity_n or_o kind_n whatsoever_o but_o in_o and_o by_o common_a consent_n in_o the_o general_n parliamentary_a council_n of_o their_o noble_n and_o wiseman_n which_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o summon_v upon_o all_o occasion_n when_o there_o be_v need_v and_o to_o govern_v their_o people_n justy_a according_a to_o law_n the_o saxon_n proceed_n against_o their_o tyrannical_a oppress_a king_n and_o the_o severe_a judgement_n of_o god_n upon_o some_o saxon_a subject_n for_o their_o perjury_n treachery_n disloyalty_n rebellion_n against_o expulsion_n murder_n of_o their_o lawful_a sovereign_n and_o unrighteous_a violent_a disinherit_n the_o christian_a briton_n by_o the_o sword_n of_o their_o native_a country_n the_o british_a king_n and_o briton_n 586._o be_v for_o their_o tyranny_n perjury_n treachery_n injustice_n and_o other_o sin_n relate_v reprehend_v by_o gildas_n drive_v out_o and_o dispossess_v of_o their_o royalty_n and_o country_n by_o the_o saxon_n other_o they_o about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 576._o divide_v it_o into_o seven_o kingdom_n and_o set_v up_o seven_o king_n in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o island_n who_o soon_o after_o wage_v civil_a war_n and_o more_o than_o civil_a war_n one_o with_o another_o these_o king_n all_o agree_v utter_o to_o delete_a the_o name_n of_o britain_n and_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o briton_n whereupon_o they_o by_o common_a consent_n ordain_v that_o the_o island_n shall_v not_o be_v call_v britain_n from_o brute_n but_o england_n other_o these_o king_n be_v at_o first_o elect_v by_o the_o saxon_a noble_n and_o people_n to_o reign_v over_o they_o to_o govern_v the_o people_n of_o god_n and_o to_o maintain_v and_o defend_v their_o person_n and_o good_n in_o peace_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o right_n â—_o and_o at_o the_o beginning_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o turn_v christian_n they_o make_v their_o king_n to_o swear_v that_o they_o shall_v maintain_v the_o christian_a faith_n with_o all_o their_o power_n and_o govern_v their_o people_z by_o right_n without_o respect_n to_o any_o person_n and_o shall_v be_v subject_a to_o suffer_v right_n as_o well_o as_o other_o of_o the_o people_z and_o although_o the_o king_n ought_v not_o to_o have_v any_o peer_n in_o his_o land_n for_o as_o much_o if_o he_o do_v wrong_v or_o offend_v against_o any_o of_o his_o people_n he_o or_o any_o of_o his_o commissioner_n shall_v not_o be_v both_o judge_n and_o party_n it_o behove_v of_o right_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v
destroy_v those_o of_o northumberland_n and_o lindesfaâ—ne_n horrible_o destroy_v the_o church_n of_o christ_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n at_o which_o time_n duke_n sigga_n who_o unworthy_o betray_v and_o slay_v his_o sovereign_a king_n alfwold_n of_o northumberland_n worthy_o perish_v the_o whole_a nation_n be_v first_o almost_o quite_o consume_v with_o civil_a war_n and_o by_o these_o pagan_a invader_n who_o plague_n be_v far_o more_o outrageous_a and_o cruel_a than_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n pict_n scot_n or_o saxon_n invasion_n and_o depredation_n in_o former_a age_n they_o most_o frequent_o invade_v and_o assail_a the_o land_n on_o every_o side_n desire_v not_o so_o much_o to_o obtain_v and_o rule_v over_o it_o as_o to_o spoil_v and_o destroy_v it_o with_o all_o thing_n therein_o burn_v their_o house_n carry_v away_o their_o good_n toss_v their_o little_a child_n and_o murder_v they_o on_o the_o top_n of_o their_o pike_n ravish_v their_o wife_n and_o daughter_n then_o carry_v they_o away_z captives_z and_o put_v all_o the_o man_n to_o the_o sword_n which_o sad_a and_o frequent_a rumour_n from_o all_o part_n strike_v such_o terror_n into_o the_o heart_n of_o king_n and_o people_n that_o their_o very_a heart_n and_o hand_n fail_v and_o languish_v so_o that_o when_o they_o obtain_v any_o victory_n they_o have_v no_o joy_n nor_o hope_n of_o safety_n by_o it_o be_v present_o encounter_v by_o new_a and_o great_a swarm_n of_o these_o pagan_a destroyer_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o sore_a plague_n and_o judgement_n he_o together_o with_o 302._o matthew_n westminster_n thus_o express_v in_o the_o primitive_a church_n of_o england_n religion_n most_o bright_o shine_v but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n all_o virtue_n so_o wither_v and_o decay_v in_o they_o vt_fw-la gentem_fw-la nullam_fw-la proditione_n et_fw-fr neqvitia_n parem_fw-la esse_fw-la permitterent_fw-la that_o they_o permit_v no_o nation_n to_o be_v equal_a to_o they_o in_o treason_n and_o wickedness_n which_o most_o of_o all_o appear_v in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o forecited_a king_n of_o northumberland_n for_o man_n of_o every_o order_n and_o office_n dolo_fw-la et_fw-la proditione_n insistebant_fw-la addict_v themselves_o to_o fraud_n and_o treason_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o their_o impiety_n be_v former_o describe_v in_o the_o act_n of_o their_o king_n neither_o be_v any_o thing_n hold_v disgraceful_a but_o truth_n and_o justice_n nec_fw-la honour_n nisi_fw-la bella_n plus_n qvam_fw-la civilia_fw-la et_fw-la sangvinis_fw-la innocencium_fw-la effusio_fw-la &_o causa_fw-la dignissima_fw-la caedis_fw-la innocentia_fw-la nor_o any_o thing_n repute_v honourable_a but_o more_o than_o civil_a war_n and_o effusion_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o innocent_n and_o innocency_n repute_v a_o cause_n most_o worthy_a of_o death_n therefore_o the_o lord_n almighty_n send_v a_o most_o cruel_a nation_n like_o swarm_n of_o bee_n who_o spare_v neither_o age_n nor_o sex_n to_o wit_n the_o dane_n with_o the_o goth_n the_o norwegian_n and_o the_o sweed_n the_o vandal_n with_o the_o prison_n who_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n edelwolfe_n to_o the_o come_n of_o the_o norman_n under_o king_n william_n waste_v and_o make_v the_o fruitful_a land_n desolate_a for_o 230._o year_n destroy_v it_o from_o sea_n to_o sea_n and_o from_o man_n to_o beast_n which_o sore_o and_o dreadful_a long_a continue_a judgement_n of_o god_n upon_o the_o land_n for_o those_o cry_a sin_n now_o abound_v among_o we_o as_o much_o almost_o as_o among_o the_o northumberlander_n and_o other_o saxon_n then_o may_v cause_v we_o just_o to_o fear_v the_o self_n same_o punishment_n or_o the_o like_a as_o they_o then_o incur_v and_o the_o briton_n before_o that_o under_o the_o bloody_a usurper_n vortigenne_n unless_o we_o serious_o repent_v and_o speedy_o reform_v they_o from_o these_o unparallelled_a prodigious_a treason_n insurrection_n regicide_n rebellion_n of_o these_o northumberlander_n i_o conceive_v that_o infamous_a proverb_n use_v by_o maximilian_n the_o emperor_n and_o frequent_a in_o germany_n foreign_a and_o other_o writer_n first_o arise_v touch_v the_o english_a that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v rex_fw-la diabolorum_n a_o king_n of_o devil_n not_o of_o man_n or_o saint_n subdicos_fw-la enim_fw-la reges_fw-la ejicere_fw-la trucidare_fw-la because_o the_o english_a especial_o the_o northumberlander_n so_o oft_o rebel_v against_o expel_v depose_v and_o murder_v their_o king_n beyond_o the_o spaniard_n french_a and_o other_o nation_n which_o proverb_n the_o late_a extravagant_a proceed_n of_o some_o jesuitized_a pretend_a english_a saint_n have_v now_o again_o revive_v out_o of_o the_o ash_n of_o oblivion_n but_o i_o hope_v these_o sad_a recite_v old_a domestic_a precedent_n will_v hereafter_o instruct_v both_o king_n magistrate_n parliament_n and_o people_n to_o keep_v within_o those_o due_a bound_n of_o justice_n righteousness_n law_n equity_n loyalty_n piety_n conscience_n prudence_n and_o christian_a moderation_n which_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o land_n prescribe_v to_o both_o and_o the_o council_n of_o calchuth_n forecited_a long_o since_o prefix_v they_o that_o the_o ancient_a english_a saxon_n king_n at_o and_o from_o their_o primitive_a establishment_n in_o this_o realm_n 1._o have_v no_o power_n nor_o prerogative_n in_o they_o to_o impose_v any_o public_a tax_n impost_n tribute_n or_o payment_n whatsoever_o on_o their_o people_n without_o their_o common_a consent_n and_o grant_n in_o their_o great_a council_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o any_o spiritual_a or_o temporal_a use_n i_o shall_v evidence_n by_o the_o four_o first_o general_n public_a tax_n that_o i_o meet_v with_o in_o the_o history_n of_o their_o time_n which_o i_o shall_v recite_v in_o order_n according_a to_o their_o antiquity_n though_o i_o shall_v therein_o somewhat_o swarve_v from_o my_o former_a chronological_a method_n in_o recite_v some_o subsequent_a law_n and_o confirmation_n relate_v to_o every_o of_o they_o for_o brevity_n sake_n out_o of_o their_o due_a order_n of_o time_n and_o couple_v they_o with_o the_o original_a law_n for_o and_o grant_n of_o these_o general_a charge_n and_o tax_n to_o which_o they_o have_v relation_n and_o then_o pursue_v my_o former_a method_n henry_n huntindon_n in_o the_o prologue_n to_o his_o five_o book_n of_o history_n p._n 347._o write_v thus_o of_o those_o saxon_n who_o first_o seize_v upon_o britain_n by_o the_o sword_n saxones_n autem_fw-la pro_fw-la viribus_fw-la paulatim_fw-la terram_fw-la britanniae_fw-la bello_fw-la capiscentes_fw-la captam_fw-la obtinebant_fw-la obtentam_fw-la adificabant_fw-la adificatam_fw-la legibus_fw-la regebant_fw-la not_o by_o arbitrary_a regal_a power_n without_o or_o against_o all_o law_n the_o first_o tax_n and_o imposition_n ever_o lay_v under_o the_o saxon_a king_n government_n after_o they_o turn_v christian_n upon_o the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o religion_n learning_n minister_n scholar_n long_o before_o we_o read_v of_o any_o tax_n impose_v on_o they_o for_o the_o public_a defence_n of_o the_o nation_n by_o land_n or_o sea_n all_o and_o every_o of_o which_o be_v grant_v impose_v only_o by_o common_a consent_n in_o their_o great_a council_n before_o the_o name_n of_o parliament_n be_v use_v in_o this_o island_n which_o be_v a_o french_a word_n come_v in_o after_o the_o norman_n about_o henry_n the_o three_o his_o reign_n without_o which_o council_n grant_v they_o can_v neither_o be_v just_o charge_v nor_o levy_v on_o all_o or_o any_o freeman_n of_o this_o island_n by_o any_o civil_a or_o legal_a right_n by_o those_o to_o who_o they_o be_v grant_v and_o thereupon_o grow_v due_a by_o law_n 1._o the_o first_o general_n tax_n or_o imposition_n lay_v on_o and_o pay_v by_o the_o saxon_a subject_n of_o this_o land_n appear_v in_o our_o history_n be_v that_o of_o caericsceatae_n id_fw-la est_fw-la census_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la in_o plain_a english_a churchet_n or_o church-fee_n in_o nature_n of_o first-fruit_n and_o tithe_n the_o first_o law_n whereby_o these_o churchet_n 692._o church-fee_n or_o first-fruit_n be_v impose_v on_o the_o people_n 1._o and_o settle_v as_o a_o annual_a duty_n on_o the_o minister_n pay_v only_o before_o that_o time_n as_o voluntary_a freewill_n offering_n to_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o gospel_n by_o devout_a and_o liberal_a christian_n be_v enact_v by_o 766_o have_v king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n in_o a_o great_a council_n hold_v under_o he_o anno_fw-la dom._n 692._o wherein_o by_o the_o exhortation_n advice_n and_o assent_n of_o cenred_n his_o father_n head_n and_o erkenwold_n his_o bishop_n and_o of_o all_z the_o aldermen_z elder_n and_o wiseman_n of_o his_o realm_n and_o a_o great_a congregation_n of_o the_o servant_n of_o god_n he_o establish_v this_o law_n among_o sundry_a other_o which_o none_o may_v abolish_v cap._n 4._o de_fw-fr censu_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la cericsccata_n i.e._n vectigal_n or_o census_n ecclesiae_fw-la reddita_fw-la sint_fw-la in_o festo_fw-la sancti_fw-la maâ—â—tini_n si_fw-la quis_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la complete_a reus_fw-la sit_fw-la ix_o sol_fw-mi &_o duâ—_n
decuplareddat_fw-la ipsum_fw-la cericsceatum_n so_o one_o copy_n render_v it_o out_o of_o the_o saxon_a another_o thus_o cyricsceata_n idest_fw-la primitiae_fw-la seminum_fw-la ad_fw-la celebre_fw-la divi_z matini_n festum_fw-la redduntor_n qui_fw-la tum_fw-la non_fw-la solverit_fw-la qua_fw-la raginta_fw-la solidis_fw-la mulctator_fw-la &_o ipsas_fw-la praeterea_fw-la primitias_fw-la duodecies_fw-la persolvito_fw-la after_o which_o there_o be_v this_o second_o law_n subjoin_v cap_n 62_o de_fw-fr cyricsceatis_fw-la primitias_fw-la seminum_fw-la cuique_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la dato_fw-la domicilio_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la ipse_fw-la natali_fw-la die_fw-la domini_fw-la câ—mmoratur_fw-la these_o duty_n be_v afterward_o enjoin_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o 444._o law_n of_o king_n adelstan_n anno_fw-la 928._o c._n 2._o volo_fw-la ut_fw-la cyricscâ—atha_fw-mi reddantur_fw-la ad_fw-la illum_fw-la locum_fw-la cuirecte_v pertinent_a etc._n etc._n by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edmund_n make_v anno_fw-la 944._o in_o a_o great_a synod_n at_o london_n as_o well_o of_o ecclesiastical_a as_o secular_a person_n summon_v thither_o by_o the_o king_n c._n 2._o decimas_fw-la praecepimus_fw-la omni_fw-la christiano_n super_fw-la christianitatem_fw-la svam_fw-la dare_n &_o emendent_fw-la cyricsceattam_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la censum_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la hoc_fw-la dare_v noluerit_fw-la excommunicatus_fw-la sit_fw-la by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edgar_n anno_fw-la 965._o c._n 2_o 3._o 531._o and_o the_o law_n of_o king_n aethelred_n make_v by_o he_o and_o his_o wiseman_n apud_fw-la habam_fw-la about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1012._o cap._n 4._o de_fw-fr consvetudinibus_fw-la sanctae_fw-la dei_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la reddendis_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la super_fw-la dilectionem_fw-la dei_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la det_fw-la cyrisceattam_fw-la et_fw-la rectam_fw-la decimam_fw-la svam_fw-la sicut_fw-la in_o diebus_n antecessorum_n nostrorum_n fecit_fw-la quando_fw-la melius_fw-la fecit_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la sicut_fw-la aratrum_fw-la peragrabit_fw-la decimam_fw-la acram_fw-la &_o omnis_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la reddatur_fw-la super_fw-la amicitiam_fw-la dei_fw-la ad_fw-la matrem_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la cui_fw-la adjacet_fw-la et_fw-la nemo_fw-la auferat_fw-la deo_fw-la qvod_fw-la ad_fw-la deum_fw-la pertinet_fw-la et_fw-la praedecessores_fw-la concesserunt_fw-la cyricsceattam_n by_o which_o law_n it_o seem_v that_o these_o cyricsceata_n or_o church-fee_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o tithe_n if_o not_o tithe_n in_o truth_n and_o the_o ten_o acre_n or_o ten_o part_n of_o all_o their_o corn_n and_o arable_a land_n increase_v tithe_n both_o in_o the_o 3._o father_n council_n writer_n of_o this_o and_o some_o former_a age_n be_v usual_o style_v first-fruit_n though_o most_o esteem_v they_o duty_n different_a from_o tithe_n which_o duty_n the_o people_n be_v backward_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o pay_v king_n knot_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o his_o wiseman_n in_o a_o great_a council_n anno_fw-la 1032._o quicken_v the_o payment_n of_o they_o by_o this_o additional_a law_n increase_v the_o first_o penalty_n by_o a_o superadded_a fine_a to_o the_o king_n 920._o cyricsceata_n which_o the_o latin_a translation_n render_v seminum_fw-la primiciae_fw-la ad_fw-la festum_fw-la divi_z matini_n penduntor_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la dare_v distulerit_fw-la eas_fw-la episcopo_fw-la undecies_fw-la praestato_fw-la ac_fw-la regi_fw-la ducenos_fw-mi &_o viginti_fw-la solidos_fw-la persolvito_fw-la et_fw-fr that_fw-mi omnis_fw-la cyricsceot_fw-la ad_fw-la matrem_fw-la ecclestam_fw-la per_fw-la omnes_fw-la liberas_fw-la domus_fw-la i_o find_v by_o the_o survey_v and_o record_n of_o our_o late_a bishop_n revenue_n that_o these_o churchet_n of_o late_a time_n be_v certain_a small_a portion_n of_o corn_n hen_n egg_n and_o other_o provision_n pay_v by_o each_o house_n or_o tenement_n according_a to_o the_o several_a value_n of_o they_o for_o the_o maintenance_n and_o provision_n of_o the_o minister_n which_o be_v constant_o render_v to_o our_o bishop_n by_o their_o tenant_n under_o the_o name_n of_o cyricsceata_n or_o churchet_n cyricsceaâ—â—am_n in_o divers_a manor_n till_o they_o be_v late_o vote_v down_o this_o be_v the_o first_o kind_n of_o public_a tax_n impose_v on_o the_o people_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o ministry_n and_o that_o only_a by_o common_a grant_n and_o consent_n in_o common_a council_n of_o that_o age_n as_o be_v their_o 571_o annual_a tribute_n for_o light_n parish_n alm_n and_o their_o soul-shot_a or_o mortuary_n at_o every_o man_n decease_n first_o grant_v by_o common_a consent_n in_o parliamentary_a council_n which_o i_o shall_v but_o name_n 2._o the_o second_o principle_n annual_a charge_n or_o tribute_n impose_v on_o and_o pay_v by_o the_o people_n under_o the_o saxon_a king_n 787._o be_v tithe_n of_o the_o annual_a increase_n 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extant_a certain_a whereas_o the_o other_o be_v but_o conjectural_a yet_o make_v by_o common_a grant_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o baron_n and_o people_n if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o after_o this_o council_n of_o calchuth_n i_o find_v very_o many_o law_n confirm_v continue_a establish_v in_o all_o succession_n of_o age_n till_o this_o day_n this_o charge_n and_o payment_n of_o tithe_n all_o make_v by_o common_a consent_n in_o general_n council_n or_o parliament_n both_o before_o and_o since_o the_o conquest_n which_o because_o they_o be_v all_o extant_a in_o john_n bromptons_n chronicle_n print_v at_o london_n 1652._o mr._n lambards_n archaion_n sir_n henry_n spelmans_fw-mi council_n rastal_n abridgement_n of_o statute_n and_o accurate_o collect_v in_o a_o chronological_a order_n by_o mr._n selden_n in_o his_o history_n of_o tithe_n ch_z 8._o where_o all_o may_v peruse_v they_o i_o shall_v whole_o pretermit_v they_o here_o and_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o these_o 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the_o conqueror_n make_v in_o successive_a great_a council_n hold_v in_o their_o time_n by_o and_o with_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o their_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n wiseman_n noble_n and_o senator_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 967_o 1009_o 1012_o 1032_o 1060._o or_o thereabouts_o and_o 1070._o by_o virtue_n of_o which_o law_n this_o tax_n be_v due_o pay_v every_o year_n in_o all_o succeed_a age_n till_o it_o be_v final_o abolish_v and_o take_v away_o by_o name_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o h._n 8._o c._n 21._o be_v pervert_v from_o its_o primitive_a intend_a use_n and_o make_v a_o constant_a revenue_n by_o and_o for_o the_o pope_n themselves_o against_o the_o donors_n mind_n and_o their_o successor_n who_o so_o long_o continue_v it_o for_o the_o foresay_a use_n of_o the_o english_a schooling_n these_o three_o most_o ancient_a tax_n and_o charge_n original_o grant_v impose_v and_o afterward_o continue_v only_o by_o common_a grant_n and_o consent_v of_o the_o king_n nobles_z people_n in_o general_n council_n and_o parliament_n be_v a_o most_o pregnant_a proof_n of_o the_o first_o proposition_n and_o of_o the_o people_n most_o ancient_a original_a fundamental_a right_n of_o property_n in_o their_o good_n and_o estate_n exempt_a from_o all_o imposition_n and_o tallage_n whatsoever_o but_o only_o by_o their_o free_a grant_n and_o consent_n in_o parliament_n for_o if_o our_o ancient_a christian_a saxon_a king_n and_o great_a monarch_n can_v not_o by_o their_o prerogative_n or_o absolute_a power_n alone_o but_o only_o with_o and_o by_o the_o free_a and_o common_a consent_n and_o grant_v of_o their_o noble_n wiseman_n prelate_n and_o people_n in_o the_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n of_o their_o realm_n impose_v the_o payment_n of_o first_o fruit_n and_o tithe_n upon_o their_o subject_n 1653._o though_o due_a by_o the_o very_a law_n of_o god_n towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o god_n worship_n and_o minister_n for_o the_o public_a good_a 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munere_fw-la appease_v those_o pagan_n with_o a_o gift_n what_o the_o sum_n of_o money_n or_o gift_n be_v be_v not_o express_v nor_o how_o it_o be_v raise_v nor_o yet_o