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king_n abbot_n reign_n year_n 1,524 4 4.6917 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A33624 Argumentum anti-normannicum, or, An argument proving, from ancient histories and records, that William, Duke of Normandy, made no absolute conquest of England by the Sword, in the sense of our modern writers being an answer to these four questions, viz. I. Whether William the First made an absolute conquest of this nation at his first entrance?, II. Whether he cancelled and abolished all the confessor's laws?, III. Whether he divided all our estates and fortunes between himself and his nobles?, IV. Whether it be not a grand error to affirm, that there were no English-men in the Common Council of the whole Kingdom? Atwood, William, d. 1705?; Johnson, Samuel, 1649-1703.; Coke, Edward, Sir, 1552-1634.; Petyt, William, 1636-1707.; Cooke, Edward, of the Middle Temple. 1682 (1682) Wing C4907; ESTC R1971 61,200 184

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jani_fw-la anglorum_fw-la fancy_n nova_fw-la and_o he_o ius_n anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la you_o will_v likewise_o i_o suppose_v be_v extreme_o please_v in_o the_o perusal_n of_o another_o learned_a and_o modest_a book_n write_v by_o a_o anonymous_n anthor_n entitle_v patriarcha_fw-la non_fw-la monarcha_fw-la author_n for_o who_o name_n posterity_n will_v have_v a_o great_a respect_n than_o we_o at_o present_a have_v and_o that_o for_o their_o discovery_n of_o truth_n and_o refute_v so_o many_o vulgar_a error_n i_o be_o sir_n your_o most_o faithful_a servant_n etc._n etc._n finis_fw-la the_o appendix_n abbess_z de_fw-fr middleton_n tenet_n in_o capite_fw-la de_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la mannerium_n de_fw-fr middleton_n etc._n etc._n ex_fw-la feoff●menti_fw-la regis_fw-la aethelstani_fw-la &_o nullum_fw-la servitium_fw-la fecit_fw-la nisi_fw-la orationes_fw-la in_o rotulo_n de_fw-fr inquisitionibus_fw-la dominicorum_fw-la dorse●shire_n an●_n 4to_fw-la r._n h._n fil._n r._n i._n here_o we_o see_v that_o king_n aethelstan_n who_o reign_v above_o 740_o year_n ago_o enfeoff_v the_o abbey_n of_o middleton_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o middleton_n and_o that_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o the_o abbot_n hold_v it_o in_o capite_fw-la 4._o h._n 3._o and_o do_v no_o service_n for_o it_o but_o only_o to_o pray_v for_o the_o soul_n of_o he_o and_o other_o succeed_a king_n and_o all_o this_o you_o see_v find_v by_o inquisition_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o hen._n 3._o rot._n cartar_n 19_o h._n 6._o nu._n 16._o m._n 27._o per_fw-la inspex_fw-la pro_fw-la decano_fw-la &_o capitulo_fw-la sancti_fw-la martini_n magni_fw-la london_n per_fw-la inspeximus_fw-la inspeximus_fw-la cartam_fw-la quam_fw-la celebris_fw-la memoriae_fw-la dominus_fw-la willielmus_fw-la quondam_a rex_fw-la angl._n progenitor_n '_o nostri_fw-la fecit_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la sancti_fw-la martini_n magni_fw-la london_n in_o hec_fw-la verba_fw-la quia_fw-la inter_fw-la multa_fw-la bona_fw-la 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episcopus_fw-la corroboravi_fw-la ego_fw-la hermannus_n episcopus_fw-la concessi_fw-la ego_fw-la leouricus_n episcopus_fw-la concessi_fw-la ego_fw-la giso_fw-la episcopus_fw-la concessi_fw-la ego_fw-la edwinus_fw-la abbas_n ego_fw-la wolwaldus_n abbas_n ego_fw-la baldwinus_n abbas_n ego_fw-la agelsinus_fw-la abbas_n ego_fw-la turstinus_n abbas_n ego_fw-la brand_n abbas_n ego_fw-la alswinus_n abbas_n ego_fw-la sithricus_fw-la abbas_n ego_fw-la will_n fill_v osbti_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la robtus_fw-la frat_fw-la regis_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la edwinus_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la robtus_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la marchere_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la waldeof_o come_v ego_fw-la rogerus_fw-la de_fw-la monte_fw-la goverii_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la ricus_fw-la fill_v gislebti_fw-la princeps_fw-la ego_fw-la will_n malet_n princeps_fw-la ego_fw-la arfastus_n regis_fw-la cancellarius_fw-la ego_fw-la michael_n regis_fw-la capellanus_fw-la ego_fw-la gislbtus_fw-la capellanus_fw-la ego_fw-la 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word_n consanguinitatis_fw-la haereditate_fw-la anglorum_fw-la basileus_n that_o here_o king_n william_n make_v a_o absolute_a disclaimer_n of_o conquest_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o only_o insist_v on_o what_o he_o know_v full_a well_o be_v his_o sure_a hold_n his_o claim_n by_o hereditary_a right_n 2._o and_o this_o be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o considerable_a as_o it_o be_v do_v in_o his_o great_a council_n of_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n earl_n &_o vniversorum_fw-la procerum_fw-la suorum_fw-la a_o word_n of_o a_o large_a signification_n as_o well_o in_o historian_n as_o in_o ancient_a record_n for_o under_o the_o word_n proceres_fw-la be_v comprehend_v principes_fw-la civium_fw-la vel_fw-la civitatis_fw-la and_o the_o former_a instance_n i_o have_v give_v you_o of_o other_o general_a council_n and_o the_o part_n thereof_o in_o this_o king_n reign_n full_o agree_v with_o this_o interpretation_n 3._o the_o claim_n and_o protestation_n of_o the_o commons_o make_v the_o parl._n 2d_o h._n 5._o rot._n parl._n 2._o h._n 5._o pars_fw-la secunda_fw-la n._n 10._o which_o say_v that_o so_o as_o hit_v have_v ever_o be_v their_o liberte_fw-fr and_o freedom_n that_o thar_z shall_v no_o statute_n ne_o law_n be_v make_v of_o lass_n then_o they_o yaffe_v thereto_o their_o assent_n consider_v that_o the_o commune_v of_o your_o lond_n the_o which_o that_o be_v and_o ever_o have_v be_v a_o member_n of_o your_o parliament_n be_v as_o well_o assentir_v as_o petitioner_n and_o which_o be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n and_o so_o become_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v but_o a_o affirmation_n and_o declaration_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o same_o right_n can_v be_v deny_v by_o any_o man_n to_o the_o lord_n 4._o and_o that_o he_o confirm_v as_o the_o custom_n of_o succeed_a king_n have_v do_v to_o this_o day_n all_o the_o possession_n of_o those_o land_n to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n martin_n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_z the_o confessor_n now_o if_o this_o fond_a notion_n of_o william_n
ancient_a right_n of_o the_o english_a men._n beside_o that_o the_o law_n that_o be_v continue_v and_o confirm_v be_v the_o old_a saxon_a law_n and_o the_o additional_a law_n be_v make_v for_o the_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o english_a not_o norman_n and_o those_o law_n of_o saint_n edward_n which_o the_o english_a be_v so_o fond_a of_o this_o william_n solemn_o swear_v before_o god_n angel_n and_o man_n for_o ever_o inviolable_o to_o keep_v and_o observe_v but_o before_o i_o leave_v this_o your_o second_o question_n sir_n i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v no_o way_n improper_a to_o give_v you_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n conquest_n and_o in_o what_o sense_n historian_n and_o learned_a antiquary_n have_v understand_v it_o 1._o matthew_n paris_n 941._o mat._n paris_n fol._n 941._o have_v it_o thus_o rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la ex_fw-la conquestu_fw-la dicitur_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la beatus_fw-la edwardus_fw-la eo_fw-la quòd_fw-la haerede_fw-la caruit_fw-la regnum_fw-la legavit_fw-la willielmo_n bastardo_fw-la duci_fw-la normannorum_fw-la 2._o sir_n henry_n spelman_n 145._o spelm._n gloss._n tit_n conquestus_fw-la fol._n 145._o in_o his_o glossary_n say_v willielmus_fw-la primus_fw-la conquestor_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quia_fw-la angliam_fw-la conquisivit_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la acquisivit_fw-la purchase_v non_fw-la quod_fw-la subegit_fw-la not_o that_o he_o subdue_v it_o 3._o sir_n john_n skene_n 39_o skene_n p._n 39_o clark_n of_o the_o register_n council_n and_o roll_n to_o king_n james_n in_o scotland_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr verborum_fw-la significatione_n tell_v we_o that_o conquestus_fw-la signify_v land_n quhilk_n any_o person_n acquiris_fw-la and_o possessis_fw-la privato_fw-la jure_fw-la vel_fw-la singulari_fw-la titulo_fw-la veluti_fw-la donatione_fw-la vel_fw-la singulari_fw-la aliquo_fw-la contractu_fw-la 4._o and_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o not_o improbable_a that_o the_o title_n of_o conqueror_n rather_o than_o of_o victor_n be_v assume_v by_o he_o as_o be_v a_o word_n more_o mild_a and_o original_o signify_v as_o it_o do_v in_o scotland_n a_o purchaser_n which_o be_v he_o that_o come_v to_o a_o real_a estate_n not_o by_o hereditary_a descent_n but_o by_o bargain_n or_o gift_n etc._n etc._n conquestus_fw-la mr._n skene_n de_fw-fr verbórum_fw-la signific_a ver●o_fw-la conquestus_fw-la conquestus_fw-la dicitur_fw-la ratione_fw-la primi_fw-la conquestoris_n &_o cum_fw-la transmittitur_fw-la ad_fw-la ejus_fw-la haeredem_fw-la exuit_fw-la naturam_fw-la conquestus_fw-la &_o induit_fw-la naturam_fw-la haereditatis_fw-la 5._o and_o that_o the_o word_n conquestus_fw-la do_v signify_v what_o the_o historian_n say_v it_o do_v we_o have_v record_n to_o justify_v their_o exposition_n whereof_o i_o shall_v produce_v one_o and_o that_o be_v above_o 480_o year_n ago_o it_o say_v robertus_fw-la filius_fw-la nigelli_n petit_fw-la versus_fw-la richardum_fw-la battle_n capitale_n messuagium_fw-la etc._n etc._n ricardus_n venit_fw-la &_o dicit_fw-la quod_fw-la pater_fw-la etc._n etc._n fuit_fw-la persona_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la de_fw-la conquestu_fw-la svo_fw-la etc._n etc._n &_o dedit_fw-la etc._n etc._n placita_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la mich._n 2._o johan._n penes_fw-la camerar_n scaccar_n remanen_n now_o sure_o none_o can_v make_v the_o word_n conquestus_fw-la here_o to_o signify_v that_o the_o father_n of_o battle_n get_v the_o advowson_n by_o conquest_n in_o our_o modern_a sense_n but_o that_o he_o have_v it_o by_o his_o own_o purchase_n 6._o sir_n roger_n twisden_n in_o his_o preface_n before_o king_n william_n law_n and_o he_o well_o enough_o understand_v the_o full_a meaning_n of_o the_o word_n conquestus_fw-la say_v non_fw-fr existimo_fw-la willielmum_fw-la primum_fw-la de_fw-la omnium_fw-la anglorum_fw-la terris_fw-la ad_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la svam_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la libitu_fw-la in_o modum_fw-la absolutae_fw-la dominationis_fw-la disposuisse_fw-la 1550_o apud_fw-la lambardum_fw-la in_o prefac_o 1550_o i_o do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o imagine_v that_o william_n the_o first_o have_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o land_n of_o all_o the_o english_a according_a to_o his_o own_o arbitrary_a will_n and_o pleasure_n and_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o absolute_a conquest_n now_o sir_n by_o these_o several_a explanation_n of_o the_o word_n i_o think_v it_o be_v very_o obvious_a to_o any_o impartial_a considerer_n that_o however_o we_o construe_v and_o interpret_v it_o now_o be_v either_o urge_v by_o flattery_n or_o interest_n so_o to_o do_v it_o never_o do_v even_o in_o that_o age_n itself_o import_n or_o signify_v such_o a_o absolute_a and_o entire_a conquest_n as_o to_o carry_v along_o with_o it_o the_o enslave_v of_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n after_o william_n victory_n over_o harold_n nay_o though_o every_o body_n will_v acknowledge_v that_o this_o harold_n come_v to_o the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n 479._o a_o totius_fw-la anglie_o primatibus_fw-la ad_fw-la regale_n culmen_fw-la electus_fw-la ab●ev_n chron._n rad._n de_fw-la dic●ro_fw-la foe_fw-mi 479._o by_o a_o general_a election_n of_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o nation_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o ancient_a author_n call_v he_o conqueror_n and_o what_o then_o shall_v we_o think_v of_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n but_o that_o it_o be_v a_o acquest_n at_o most_o and_o that_o too_o by_o the_o voice_n and_o suffrage_n of_o the_o people_n say_v he_o defuncti_fw-la ms._n ex_fw-la bib._n domini_fw-la wild_n defuncti_fw-la heraldus_n strenuus_fw-la dux_n conquestor_fw-la angliae_fw-la but_o sir_n this_o be_v not_o all_o i_o must_v beg_v your_o patience_n and_o leave_n for_o the_o better_a illustration_n of_o the_o word_n conquest_n and_o to_o disabuse_v the_o world_n in_o this_o point_n to_o present_v you_o with_o this_o follow_a summary_n series_n of_o the_o style_n of_o our_o several_a descendant_n king_n from_o this_o william_n the_o first_o inclusive_o to_o the_o great_a king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o therein_o make_v a_o observation_n which_o perhaps_o as_o yet_o have_v scarce_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o style_n of_o the_o king_n 1._o willielmus_fw-la 1._o w._n 1._o rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o sometime_o willielmus_fw-la cognomento_fw-la bastardus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n 2._o willielmus_fw-la 2._o w._n 2._o rufus_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o sometime_o willielmus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n 3._o henricus_fw-la 1._o h._n 1._o rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o sometime_o henricus_n willielmi_n magni_fw-la regis_fw-la filius_fw-la 4._o stephanus_n steph._n steph._n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o sometime_o stephanus_n dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n 5._o henricus_n 2._o h._n 2._o omit_v dei_fw-la gratia_n and_o use_v this_o style_n henricus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o sometime_o henricus_fw-la filius_fw-la imperatricis_fw-la matildae_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n 6._o richardus_fw-la 1._o r._n 1._o rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n 7._o johannes_n john_n john_n rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o add_v this_o dominus_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la 8._o henricus_fw-la 3._o h._n 3._o filius_fw-la johannis_n rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n 9_o edwardus_fw-la 1._o e._n 1._o rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n 10._o edwardus_fw-la 2._o e._n 2._o filius_fw-la edwardi_fw-la primi_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o now_o we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o great_a epocha_n of_o time_n when_o the_o style_n of_o our_o king_n alter_v edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n in_o several_a record_n write_v himself_o edwardus_fw-la filius_fw-la edwardi_fw-la filii_fw-la edwardi_fw-la that_o be_v edward_z the_o son_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o the_o son_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o but_o this_o distinction_n not_o be_v well_o approve_v of_o and_o have_v consider_v that_o before_o the_o conquest_n there_o have_v be_v two_o king_n edward_n he_o in_o all_o fine_n and_o in_o general_a record_n write_v himself_o edwardus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n tertius_fw-la post_fw-la conquestum_fw-la which_o be_v do_v in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1328._o which_o rule_n be_v follow_v by_o richard_n 2._o hen._n 4._o hen._n 5._o hen._n 6._o and_o so_o to_o succeed_a king_n downward_o and_o sir_n to_o give_v you_o a_o further_a proof_n that_o king_n william_n do_v not_o cancel_v and_o abolish_v all_o the_o english_a law_n nor_o change_n as_o be_v so_o much_o affirm_v the_o whole_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n be_v please_v to_o hear_v the_o judgement_n of_o mr._n selden_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o sir_n winston_n churchill_n and_o i_o hope_v they_o be_v such_o unquestionable_a authority_n as_o may_v sufficient_o balance_v if_o not_o total_o depress_v the_o fierce_a of_o gainsayers_a i_o shall_v begin_v with_o the_o great_a and_o ever_o famous_a selden_n for_o who_o memory_n as_o true_o deserve_v i_o have_v the_o high_a regard_n and_o shall_v transcribe_v his_o word_n at_o large_a which_o may_v not_o only_o serve_v for_o a_o good_a solution_n to_o this_o your_o second_o question_n but_o indeed_o may_v possible_o full_o satisfy_v you_o as_o to_o your_o other_o three_o his_o word_n be_v the_o law_n
ejusdem_fw-la stephanid_n descriptio_fw-la nobilissimae_fw-la civitatis_fw-la londoniae_n in_o stow_n be_v survey_v etc._n etc._n fol._n 704._o the_o sit●_n ejusdem_fw-la a_o monk_n of_o canterbury_n bear_v as_o stow_n say_v in_o his_o forecited_n book_n of_o worshipful_a parent_n in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o who_o live_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n stephen_n in_o his_o description_n of_o it_o have_v these_o word_n inter_fw-la nobiles_fw-la urbes_fw-la orbis_n quas_fw-la fama_fw-la celebrat_fw-la civitas_n londonia_n regni_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sedes_fw-la una_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la famam_fw-la svi_fw-la latiùs_fw-la diffundit_fw-la opes_fw-la &_o merces_fw-la longiùs_fw-la transmittit_fw-la caput_fw-la altius_fw-la extollit_fw-la foelix_fw-la est_fw-la aëris_fw-la salubritate_fw-la christianâ_fw-la religione_fw-la firmitate_fw-la munitionum_fw-la naturâ_fw-la sitûs_fw-la honore_fw-la civium_fw-la pudicitiâ_fw-la matronali_fw-la ludis_fw-la etiám_fw-la quàm_fw-la jucunda_fw-la &_o nobilium_fw-la foecunda_fw-la virorum_fw-la vrbs_fw-la ista_fw-la viris_fw-la est_fw-la honorata_fw-la 705._o id._n fol._n 705._o armis_fw-la decorata_fw-la multo_fw-la habitatore_fw-la populosa_fw-la ut_fw-la tempore_fw-la bellicae_fw-la cladis_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la stephano_n bello_fw-la apti_fw-la ex_fw-la e●_n exeuntes_fw-la ostentatui_fw-la haberentur_fw-la 20000_o armatorum_fw-la equitum_fw-la 60_o mille_fw-la peditum_fw-la aestimarentur_fw-la cives_fw-la londoniae_n ubicunque_fw-la locorum_fw-la prae_fw-la omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la civibus_fw-la ornatu_fw-la morum_fw-la vestium_fw-la &_o mensae_fw-la locutione_n spectabiles_fw-la &_o noti_fw-la habentur_fw-la which_o in_o english_a be_v thus_o of_o all_o the_o celebrate_a city_n in_o the_o world_n this_o of_o london_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o england_n a_o city_n of_o a_o very_a extensive_a fame_n in_o its_o self_n but_o much_o more_o honourable_a by_o the_o native_a treasure_n and_o commodity_n which_o she_o export_v happy_a be_v she_o in_o the_o temperature_n of_o her_o climate_n in_o the_o soundness_n of_o her_o doctrine_n strength_n of_o her_o fort_n agreeableness_n of_o her_o situation_n in_o the_o credit_n and_o reputation_n of_o her_o citizen_n the_o unblemished_a chastity_n of_o the_o female_a sex_n innocent_o pleasant_a even_o in_o her_o recreation_n and_o honour_v with_o a_o numerous_a train_n of_o nobility_n the_o grandeur_n of_o this_o city_n chief_o consist_v in_o the_o properness_n and_o valour_n of_o her_o man_n in_o the_o bravery_n of_o her_o armour_n the_o multitude_n of_o her_o inhabitant_n so_o that_o in_o the_o fatal_a war_n in_o king_n stephen_n reign_n there_o appear_v on_o a_o muster_n 20000_o horse_n and_o 60000_o foot_n all_o arm_a soldier_n the_o citizen_n of_o london_n be_v know_v and_o esteem_v beyond_o all_o other_o person_n wheresoever_o they_o travel_v for_o their_o gentile_a deportment_n their_o good_a apparel_n their_o table_n and_o discourse_n so_o that_o we_o see_v from_o hence_o that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n stephen_n who_o be_v nephew_n to_o king_n william_n the_o first_o from_o who_o death_n to_o king_n stephen_n reign_n there_o be_v not_o fifty_o year_n the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v very_o great_a and_o powerful_a but_o have_v the_o english_a citizen_n be_v all_o destroy_v and_o have_v all_o their_o estate_n and_o fortune_n be_v as_o be_v so_o positive_o affirm_v take_v away_o from_o they_o by_o william_n the_o first_o it_o have_v be_v impossible_a in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n for_o they_o to_o have_v rise_v again_o to_o that_o degree_n of_o fame_n and_o renown_n through_o all_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o the_o historian_n who_o be_v a_o eye-witness_n of_o it_o so_o credible_o assure_v we_o my_o next_o design_n be_v to_o show_v you_o that_o from_o the_o general_n direction_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o charter_n in_o king_n william_n the_o first_o his_o time_n it_o be_v plain_o demonstrable_a that_o william_n the_o pretend_a conqueror_n do_v not_o divide_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n among_o his_o norman_a follower_n to_o hold_v of_o he_o 1._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d rob._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 196._o dugdal_n hist._n of_o st._n paul_n in_o the_o appendix_n fol._n 196._o ealle_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d id_fw-la est_fw-la 1._o w._n rex_fw-la saluto_n osmundum_n episcopum_fw-la saresburiensem_fw-la ●_o nota_fw-la here_o be_v english_a sheriff_n and_o other_o english_a officer_n as_o well_o as_o french_a ●_o &_o robertum_fw-la de_fw-la ely_n &_o petrum_fw-la de_fw-la valoniis_fw-la omnesque_fw-la praefectos_fw-la suos_fw-la et_fw-la fideles_fw-la francos_fw-la et_fw-la anglos_n amicè_fw-la 2._o willem_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d mine_n b'pe_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d mind_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d i._o chart._n antique_a i._o willem_n great_a mine_n bishop_n thanus_n here_o be_v engl._n thain_n thahi_fw-la appellatione_fw-la vi●i_fw-la interdum_fw-la nobiles_fw-la interdum_fw-la liberae_fw-la conditionis_fw-la homines_fw-la interdum_fw-la magistratus_fw-la atque_fw-la saepenume●o_fw-la ministri_fw-la notantur_fw-la gloss._n in_o sin_n lambard_n de_fw-fr p●is_fw-fr angl_n leg_n fol._n 223._o col._n 1._o tic_o thanus_n and_o mind_n eorles_n and_o ealle_a mind_n thegnes_fw-la freneisse_n and_o englisce_n 3._o w._n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la 185._o monast._n angl._n vol._n 1._o foe_n 185._o o._n episcopo_fw-la sarisburiensi_fw-la et_fw-la l._n abbati_n glastoniensi_fw-la et_fw-la a._n vicecomiti_fw-la omnibusque_fw-la baronibus_fw-la francigenis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr sumerseta_n et_fw-fr de_fw-fr wiltunscire_fw-la salutem_fw-la 4._o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la t._n eboraci_fw-la 397._o id._n fol._n 397._o et_fw-la justiciariis_fw-la et_fw-la vicecomitibus_fw-la et_fw-la omnibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr eboraciscire_fw-la et_fw-fr de_fw-fr carleoli_n salutem_fw-la 5._o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la walterio_n vicecomiti_fw-la 29._o id._n sol_o 29._o et_fw-la omnibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francigenis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr comitatu_fw-la de_fw-fr glocestre_fw-fr salutem_fw-la 6._o willielmus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ibid._n id._n ibid._n fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francigenis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la salutem_fw-la 7._o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la episcopo_fw-la de_fw-la suthsexa_fw-la et_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la ibid._n id._n ibid._n et_fw-la caeteris_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francigenis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la salutem_fw-la 8._o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la 845._o id._n vol._n 2._o so_o 845._o g._n vicecom_v '_o et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-fr de_fw-fr caerleil_n salutem_fw-la 9_o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la thomae_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la et_fw-la bertramo_n de_fw-fr verdun_n 845._o id._n fol._n 845._o et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr everwicscire_fw-la salutem_fw-la 10._o henricus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la richardo_n episcopo_fw-la london_n n_o cart._n antiq._n n_o et_fw-fr vic'_fw-fr et_fw-fr praeposito_fw-la et_fw-la omnibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la et_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr london_n et_fw-fr middlesex_n salutem_fw-la 11._o henricus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la vic'_fw-la et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la london_n ibid._n id._n ibid._n 12._o henricus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la 197._o dugdal_n hist._n of_o st._n paul_n in_o the_o appendix_n fol._n 197._o archiepiscopis_fw-la et_fw-la episcopis_fw-la et_fw-la comitibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la et_fw-la hugoni_n de_fw-fr boclande_n et_fw-la omnibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr lundonia_n et_fw-fr de_fw-fr middlesexa_fw-la et_fw-la de_fw-la tota_fw-la anglia_fw-it salutem_fw-la by_o these_o writ_n and_o charter_n sir_n though_o many_o more_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n may_v easy_o be_v give_v i_o think_v with_o submission_n my_o argument_n be_v firm_o maintain_v and_o the_o plain_a english_a of_o they_o all_o be_v no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o in_o william_n the_o first_o be_v time_n there_o be_v english_a baron_n as_o well_o as_o french_a baron_n in_o somersetshire_n and_o wiltshire_n in_o yorkshire_n and_o carlisle_n in_o gloucestershire_n and_o in_o sussex_n and_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o charter_n be_v equal_o give_v to_o they_o both_o without_o any_o difference_n of_o power_n or_o authority_n mention_v otherwise_o than_o that_o the_o french_a baron_n have_v the_o precedency_n of_o the_o english_a in_o those_o writ_n and_o charter_n 151._o charter_n as_o be_v asserse_v by_o the_o say_v anonymous_n author_n against_o mr._n petyt_n p._n 151._o with_o what_o force_n of_o truth_n than_o can_v it_o be_v defend_v that_o the_o norman_a nobility_n be_v at_o that_o time_n the_o only_a nobility_n i_o appeal_v to_o the_o world_n but_o i_o pray_v now_o hear_v two_o branch_n of_o his_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la or_o great_a charter_n which_o he_o grant_v to_o the_o english_a and_o they_o run_v thus_o 1._o volumus_fw-la etiam_fw-la ac_fw-la firmiter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la 55._o apud_fw-la cl._n lambard_n ll._n will._n p●im_n fol._n 170._o c._n 55._o ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la monarchiae_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la praedicti_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o teneant_fw-la terras_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o possessiones_fw-la svas_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o in_o pace_n liberè_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la exactione_n
or_o distress_n and_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n be_v use_v in_o the_o custumary_n that_o which_o put_v it_o further_o out_o of_o scruple_n be_v that_o there_o be_v yet_o extant_a the_o manuscript_n themselves_o of_o the_o saxon_a law_n make_v in_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v by_o they_o here_o which_o be_v in_o the_o language_n and_o character_n of_o those_o time_n and_o contain_v in_o they_o many_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o the_o norman_a custumary_n it_o be_v no_o improbable_a opinion_n that_o there_o be_v a_o former_a establishment_n of_o our_o law_n in_o normandy_n before_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 1._o and_o that_o it_o be_v by_o edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o as_o all_o writer_n of_o our_o history_n agree_v be_v a_o great_a collector_n and_o compiler_n of_o our_o english_a law_n he_o live_v a_o long_a time_n with_o his_o kinsman_n duke_n william_n in_o normandy_n who_o be_v willing_a to_o please_v the_o confessor_n in_o hope_n to_o be_v appoint_v by_o he_o to_o be_v his_o successor_n wherein_o the_o duke_n expectation_n do_v not_o fail_v he_o the_o confessor_n have_v no_o child_n and_o find_v normandy_n without_o a_o settle_a government_n and_o want_v law_n advise_v with_o his_o kinsman_n duke_n william_n to_o receive_v from_o he_o the_o law_n of_o england_n which_o he_o have_v collect_v and_o to_o establish_v they_o in_o normandy_n which_o duke_n william_n and_o his_o lord_n ready_o accept_v for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o people_n and_o thereby_o oblige_v the_o confessor_n another_o proof_n hereof_o be_v that_o such_o law_n as_o the_o norman_n have_v before_o the_o time_n of_o duke_n william_n be_v different_a from_o those_o in_o the_o custumary_n and_o from_o the_o english_a law_n as_o their_o law_n that_o the_o husband_n shall_v be_v hang_v if_o his_o wife_n be_v a_o thief_n and_o he_o do_v not_o discover_v it_o the_o mean_a people_n be_v as_o slave_n and_o the_o like_a and_o the_o trial_n of_o theft_n by_o ordeil_n which_o then_o be_v not_o in_o england_n wigorniensis_fw-la report_n that_o the_o norman_n who_o come_v in_o with_o queen_n emma_n the_o wife_n of_o etheir_v be_v so_o hate_v of_o the_o english_a for_o their_o injustice_n and_o false_a judgement_n that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n canutus_n they_o be_v for_o this_o cause_n banish_v and_o it_o be_v the_o less_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v so_o unjust_a themselves_o shall_v introduce_v so_o just_a law_n as_o we_o be_v between_o the_o conquest_n of_o normandy_n by_o rolio_n and_o the_o invasion_n of_o england_n by_o duke_n william_n there_o be_v not_o above_o 160_o year_n that_o of_o normandy_n be_v about_o anno_fw-la 912._o that_o of_o england_n anno_fw-la 1060._o it_o be_v not_o then_o consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o those_o norman_n pagan_n a_o rough_a martial_a people_n descend_v from_o so_o many_o barbarous_a nation_n shall_v in_o the_o time_n of_o 150_o year_n establish_v such_o excellent_a law_n among_o themselves_o and_o so_o 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conqueror_n of_o england_n and_o sir_n roger_n owen_n in_o his_o manuscript_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o of_o our_o historian_n that_o live_v in_o the_o space_n of_o 200_o year_n immediate_o after_o the_o conquest_n which_o do_v describe_v our_o law_n to_o be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o norman_a custom_n introduce_v by_o the_o conqueror_n some_o of_o they_o and_o not_o improbable_o mention_v the_o alteration_n of_o some_o part_n of_o they_o and_o the_o bring_n in_o some_o norman_a custom_n effectual_a for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o peace_n there_o be_v yet_o behind_o the_o great_a argument_n most_o insist_v on_o and_o often_o urge_v by_o the_o gentleman_n of_o another_o opinion_n which_o be_v the_o title_n of_o william_n who_o be_v call_v the_o conqueror_n from_o whence_o they_o conclude_v that_o by_o his_o conquest_n he_o change_v the_o law_n and_o government_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o that_o his_o successor_n reckon_v the_o beginning_n of_o their_o reign_n from_o his_o 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gloriosi_fw-la
mat._n paris_n 1._o antiq_fw-la brit._n eccles._n 96._o and_o by_o his_o last_o will_n have_v bequeath_v this_o kingdom_n to_o he_o and_o this_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o principal_o of_o harold_n himself_n and_o hereupon_o consider_v how_o harold_n have_v trick_v he_o and_o set_v the_o crown_n on_o his_o own_o head_n he_o send_v over_o several_a ambassador_n with_o commission_n to_o require_v he_o to_o remember_v the_o oath_n he_o have_v former_o make_v to_o the_o say_v william_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o extremity_n when_o he_o be_v his_o prisoner_n in_o normandy_n which_o be_v that_o he_o the_o say_a harold_n shall_v assist_v he_o in_o the_o obtain_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n if_o ever_o edward_n die_v without_o issue_n 3._o and_o receive_v but_o unkind_a return_v from_o harold_n 25●_n wil._n m●lmesb_n 〈◊〉_d 3._o fol._n 56._o l._n 25●_n by_o way_n of_o answer_n to_o his_o demand_n which_o thus_o the_o historian_n relate_v de_fw-fr regno_fw-la addebat_fw-la praesumptuosum_fw-la fsuisse_fw-la quòd_fw-la absque_fw-la generali_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventu_fw-la &_o edicto_fw-la alienam_fw-la illi_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la juraverit_fw-la that_o as_o for_o he_o to_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o deliver_v up_o the_o inheritance_n of_o any_o realm_n without_o the_o general_a consentand_fw-mi allowance_n parliament_n allowance_n that_o be_v without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o wittenagemot_n mycel_n synod_n or_o parliament_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n can_v not_o but_o be_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o presumption_n yea_o although_o he_o may_v have_v just_a title_n so_o to_o do_v 30._o do_v praeterea_fw-la iniquum_fw-la postulat_fw-la ut_fw-la imperio_fw-la decedat_fw-la quod_fw-la tanto_fw-la favore_fw-la civium_fw-la regendum_fw-la susceperit_fw-la malmsb._n l._n 3._o f._n 56._o l._n 30._o wherefore_o it_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a request_n of_o the_o duke_n now_o to_o require_v he_o to_o renounce_v the_o kingdom_n in_o which_o he_o be_v so_o well_o settle_v to_o the_o good_a like_n and_o content_n of_o his_o people_n this_o norman_a duke_n not_o to_o be_v his_o own_o judge_n refer_v himself_o to_o the_o pope_n than_o alexander_n the_o second_o to_o decide_v the_o matter_n and_o so_o resolve_v that_o the_o infallible_a chair_n shall_v determine_v who_o have_v the_o just_a title_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n harold_n or_o himself_o and_o the_o good_a old_a gentleman_n who_o will_v not_o be_v behindhand_o with_o he_o in_o civility_n for_o so_o great_a a_o kindness_n as_o be_v the_o appeal_n to_o he_o and_o so_o flatter_v he_o with_o a_o judicatory_a power_n over_o prince_n easy_o be_v induce_v to_o pronounce_v sentence_n on_o william_n behalf_n but_o all_o these_o bluster_a pretence_n of_o nearness_n in_o blood_n which_o it_o seem_v his_o son_n henry_n think_v to_o be_v the_o best_a flower_n in_o his_o garland_n when_o he_o bishopric_n he_o in_o his_o charter_n whereby_o he_o 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conven_a his_o parliament_n or_o assembly_n of_o three_o estate_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n dignity_n nobility_n be_v take_v in_o france_n for_o gentleman_n as_o well_o as_o for_o earl_n or_o person_n of_o like_a dignity_n and_o commons_o 173._o v●●stegan's_n restitution_n of_o decay_a intelligence_n in_o antiquity_n dedicate_v to_o king_n james_n pag._n 173._o the_o nobility_n in_o fine_a promise_v to_o serve_v he_o and_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n to_o aid_v he_o with_o money_n according_a to_o their_o several_a ability_n and_o such_o offer_v as_o they_o make_v be_v forthwith_o set_v down_o in_o write_v by_o a_o secretary_n there_o present_a so_o that_o be_v thus_o supply_v and_o assist_v with_o several_a other_o of_o his_o friend_n he_o make_v for_o england_n and_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v at_o a_o place_n in_o sussex_n call_v pevenessey_n now_o pemsey_n and_o get_v well_o on_o land_n but_o by_o his_o proclamation_n he_o declare_v upon_o what_o occasion_n 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chase_n get_v to_o london_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o kingdom_n which_o he_o pretend_v be_v his_o own_o by_o right_o before_o from_o the_o title_n we_o have_v already_o mention_v yet_o however_o it_o be_v in_o no_o such_o haughty_a and_o insult_a way_n as_o many_o boast_n of_o and_o will_v glad_o have_v their_o unwary_a reader_n to_o believe_v upon_o their_o bare_a credit_n and_o testimony_n but_o he_o choose_v the_o more_o grateful_a and_o comply_a artifices_fw-la of_o a_o courtier_n and_o settle_a himself_o in_o it_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o mutual_a agreement_n and_o express_v compact_v as_o now_o i_o hope_v will_v be_v clear_o demonstrate_v by_o what_o i_o shall_v offer_v to_o you_o after_o this_o his_o pretend_v absolute_a conquest_n for_o 1._o though_o he_o be_v victorious_a over_o his_o great_a adversary_n harold_n yet_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o absolute_a conqueror_n as_o have_v be_v of_o late_a so_o vigorous_o assert_v by_o our_o modern_a writer_n what_o urgent_a necessity_n be_v there_o for_o he_o or_o how_o do_v it_o stand_v he_o in_o such_o mighty_a stead_n still_o to_o keep_v himself_o arm_v with_o the_o aforesaid_a title_n that_o so_o he_o may_v have_v the_o more_o colourable_a pretence_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n on_o his_o side_n in_o lay_v a_o legal_a claim_n to_o this_o imperial_a crown_n for_o methinks_v if_o he_o have_v a_o full_a possession_n upon_o such_o a_o forcible_a entry_n as_o be_v pretend_v this_o have_v be_v a_o strong_a title_n than_o any_o thing_n else_o he_o can_v have_v allege_v for_o how_o can_v or_o dare_v a_o vanquish_a enslave_v nation_n dispute_v with_o he_o when_o he_o ride_v triumph_v on_o their_o back_n and_o have_v lash_v they_o into_o a_o entire_a submission_n of_o vassalage_n but_o 2._o let_v we_o see_v the_o manner_n of_o this_o first_o king_n william_n coronation_n and_o whether_o or_o no_o he_o do_v not_o take_v a_o oath_n at_o the_o same_o time_n which_o be_v in_o sense_n and_o substance_n if_o not_o 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ipso_fw-la illo_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la consecratus_fw-la erat_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la
of_o before_o 484._o s●lden's_n review_n of_o his_o history_n 〈◊〉_d tithe_n p._n 482_o 483_o 484._o as_o well_o as_o of_o after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n as_o it_o be_v vulgar_o call_v be_v here_o gather_v and_o be_v perhaps_o equal_o observable_a as_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o consequent_a of_o a_o general_a consecration_n of_o tithe_n to_o the_o church_n in_o england_n for_o neither_o be_v the_o law_n former_o make_v abolish_v by_o that_o conquest_n although_o by_o law_n of_o 5._o of_o vid._n quintilian_n lib._n 5._o institution_n cap._n 10._o athe._n gentil_n de_fw-fr jere_n belli_fw-la lib._n 3._o cap._n 5._o &_o hottoman_a illust_n quaest._n 5._o war_n regular_o all_o right_n and_o law_n of_o the_o place_n conquer_v be_v whole_o subject_a to_o the_o conqueror_n will._n for_o in_o this_o of_o the_o norman_a not_o only_o the_o conqueror_n will_n be_v not_o declare_v that_o the_o former_a law_n shall_v be_v abrogate_a and_o until_o such_o declaration_n law_n remain_v in_o force_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o b_o of_o calvin_n can._n fol._n 17._o b_o some_o in_o all_o conquest_n of_o christian_n against_o christian_n but_o also_o the_o ancient_a and_o former_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v confirm_v by_o he_o for_o in_o his_o four_o year_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o baronage_n he_o summon_v to_o london_n omnes_fw-la nobiles_fw-la sapientes_fw-la &_o lege_fw-la suà_fw-la eruditos_fw-la ut_fw-la eorum_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la audiret_fw-la as_o the_o word_n be_v of_o the_o book_n of_o litchfield_n and_o afterward_o confirm_v they_o as_o be_v further_o also_o relate_v by_o 347._o by_o in_o h●_n 2._o p._n 347._o roger_n of_o hoveden_n those_o lege_fw-la suâ_fw-la eruditi_fw-la be_v common_a lawyer_n of_o that_o time_n as_o godric_n and_o al●win_n be_v then_o also_o who_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o the_o book_n of_o cotton_n of_o m_o lib._n 2._o p._n 3●_n &_o 30._o in_o bibl._n cotton_n abingdom_n to_o be_v legibus_fw-la patriae_fw-la optime_fw-la instituti_fw-la quibus_fw-la tantae_fw-la secularium_fw-la facundia_fw-la &_o praeteritorum_fw-la memoria_fw-la eventorum_fw-la inerat_fw-la ut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la circumquaque_fw-la facilè_fw-la eorum_fw-la sententiam_fw-la ratam_fw-la fuisse_fw-la quem_fw-la edicerent_fw-la approbarent_fw-la and_o these_o two_o and_o divers_a other_o common_a lawyer_n then_o live_v in_o the_o abbey_n of_o abingdon_n quorum_fw-la collationi_fw-la nemo_fw-la sapiens_fw-la say_v the_o author_n refragabatur_fw-la quibus_fw-la rem_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la publicam_fw-la tuentibus_fw-la ejus_fw-la oblocutores_fw-la elingues_fw-la fiebant_fw-la you_o must_v know_v that_o in_o those_o day_n every_o monk_n here_o in_o england_n that_o will_v may_v remain_v so_o secular_a that_o he_o may_v get_v money_n for_o himself_o purchase_n or_o receive_v by_o descent_n to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v fit_a enough_o for_o practise_v lawyer_n to_o live_v in_o monastery_n but_o what_o have_v those_o praeteritorum_fw-la memoria_fw-la eventorum_fw-la that_o be_v report_n and_o adjudge_v case_n of_o the_o saxon_a time_n avail_v in_o their_o skill_n if_o the_o former_a law_n have_v not_o continue_v more_o obvious_a testimony_n to_o this_o purpose_n be_v have_v out_o of_o 8._o of_o videsis_n cok._n praefax_n ad_fw-la relat._n 3_o &_o 8._o &_o si_fw-la placet_fw-la not._n ad_fw-la fortesc_fw-la p._n 7_o &_o 8._o gervase_n of_o tilbury_n ingulphus_n and_o other_o and_o we_o here_o omit_v they_o but_o also_o indeed_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v repute_v a_o conquest_n or_o a_o acquisition_n by_o right_a of_o war_n which_o may_v have_v destroy_v the_o former_a law_n so_o much_o as_o a_o violent_a recover_n of_o the_o kingdom_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o rebel_n which_o withstand_v the_o duke_n pretence_n of_o a_o lawful_a title_n claim_v by_o the_o confessor_n adoption_n or_o designation_n of_o he_o for_o his_o successor_n his_o nearness_n of_o blood_n on_o the_o mother_n side_n not_o a_o little_a also_o aid_v such_o a_o pretence_n to_o a_o crown_n for_o the_o confessor_n mother_n emme_n be_v sister_n to_o richard_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o normandy_n to_o who_o william_n be_v grandchild_n and_o heir_n but_o these_o be_v only_o specious_a title_n and_o perhaps_o examine_v curious_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v at_o that_o time_n enough_o and_o howsoever_o his_o conscience_n so_o move_v he_o at_o his_o death_n that_o he_o profess_v he_o have_v get_v cadohensis_fw-la get_v historia_fw-la cadohensis_fw-la england_n only_o by_o blood_n and_o the_o sword_n yet_o also_o by_o express_a declaration_n in_o some_o of_o his_o patent_n he_o before_o pretend_v his_o right_n from_o the_o confessor_n gift_n 104._o gift_n chart._n eccles_n westm_o in_o inspex_fw-la part_n 7._o 1._o ed._n 4._o m._n 26._o &_o vid●_n camb._n pag._n 104._o in_o ore_fw-la gladii_fw-la say_v he_o regnum_fw-la adeptus_fw-la sum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la devicto_fw-la haraldo_n rege_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la complicibus_fw-la qui_fw-la mihi_fw-la regnum_fw-la cum_fw-la providentia_fw-la dei_fw-la destinatum_fw-la &_o beneficio_fw-la concessionis_fw-la domini_fw-la &_o cognati_fw-la mei_fw-la gloriosi_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la concessum_fw-la conati_fw-la sunt_fw-la auferre_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o the_o story_n common_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o confessor_n successionem_fw-la angliae_fw-la ei_fw-la dedit_fw-la and_o although_o harold_n also_o pretend_v a_o devise_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o himself_o make_v by_o the_o confessor_n in_o extremis_fw-la and_o urge_v also_o that_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n have_v be_v from_o the_o time_n of_o augustine_n come_n hither_o cotton_n hither_o ms._n sive_fw-la author_n guil._n pictav_n sive_fw-la quis_fw-la alius_fw-la sit_v in_o bibl._n cotton_n donationem_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o ultimo_fw-la sine_fw-la quis_fw-la fecerit_fw-la eam_fw-la ratam_fw-la haberi_fw-la and_o that_o the_o former_a gift_n to_o the_o norman_a and_o his_o own_o oath_n for_o establishment_n of_o it_o be_v not_o of_o force_n because_o they_o be_v make_v londin_n make_v malmesb._n lib._n 5._o de_fw-fr gest._n regum_fw-la p._n 56._o a._n alii_fw-la in_o will._n 1._o &_o videsis_n mat._n paris_n in_o hen._n 3._o p._n 1257._o edit_fw-la londin_n absque_fw-la generali_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventu_fw-la &_o edicto_fw-la yet_o for_o his_o own_o part_n he_o be_v drive_v to_o put_v all_o upon_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o field_n and_o so_o lose_v it_o and_o the_o norman_a with_o his_o sword_n and_o pretence_n of_o the_o sufficiency_n and_o precedence_n of_o the_o gift_n make_v to_o himself_o get_v the_o crown_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o lawful_a successor_n to_o the_o confessor_n and_o not_o a_o universal_a conqueror_n all_o this_o be_v plain_a out_o of_o the_o story_n and_o justify_v infallible_o by_o that_o of_o the_o title_n of_o many_o common_a person_n make_v to_o their_o possession_n in_o england_n after_o his_o kingdom_n settle_v upon_o the_o possession_n of_o themselves_o or_o their_o ancestor_n in_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n especial_o of_o the_o confessor_n but_o this_o be_v always_o in_o case_n where_o they_o by_o who_o possession_n the_o title_n be_v make_v have_v not_o incur_v forfeiture_n by_o rebellion_n many_o such_o title_n be_v clear_o allow_v in_o the_o book_n of_o doomsday_n write_v in_o the_o conqueror_n time_n one_o especial_o be_v note_v by_o the_o most_o learned_a camden_n in_o his_o norfolk_n that_o as_o i_o remember_v be_v touch_v in_o doomsday_n also_o but_o enough_o other_o be_v disperse_v there_o which_o agree_v with_o it_o how_o can_v such_o title_n have_v hold_v if_o he_o have_v make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o england_n wherein_o a_o universal_a acquisition_n of_o all_o have_v be_v to_o the_o conqueror_n and_o no_o title_n can_v have_v be_v derive_v but_o only_o from_o or_o under_o he_o more_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o clear_v this_o but_o we_o add_v here_o only_o the_o judicious_a assertion_n of_o a_o great_a b._n great_a share_v in_o case_z in_o itin_n temp_n ed._n 3._o fol._n 143._o b._n lawyer_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n le_z conqueror_n say_v he_o ne_fw-fr vient_fw-fr pas_fw-fr pour_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr que_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr droiturell_n possession_n mes_fw-fr de_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr que_fw-fr de_fw-fr leur_fw-fr tort_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr occupy_v ascun_fw-fr ierre_fw-fr en_fw-fr disheritance_n del_fw-it roy_n &_o son_n corone_n it_o be_v speak_v upon_o a_o objection_n make_v in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o abbot_n of_o peterborough_n touch_v a_o charter_n of_o king_n edgar_n which_o the_o king_n council_n will_v have_v have_v void_a because_o by_o the_o conquest_n all_o franchise_n they_o say_v be_v devolve_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o by_o the_o way_n for_o that_o of_o his_o nearness_n of_o blood_n which_o can_v not_o but_o aid_v his_o other_o pretend_a title_n let_v it_o not_o seem_v mere_o vain_a in_o regard_n of_o his_o be_v a_o bastard_n there_o be_v good_a pretence_n for_o the_o help_n of_o that_o defect_n also_o for_o although_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o i_o think_v of_o all_o other_o civil_a
will_v be_v frivolous_a to_o make_v any_o deduction_n from_o it_o i_o shall_v presume_v to_o repeat_v to_o you_o the_o word_n of_o a_o great_a and_o learned_a judge_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o give_v you_o his_o judicious_a assertion_n of_o this_o argument_n though_o it_o be_v cite_v before_o in_o that_o of_o mr._n selden_n because_o it_o be_v agree_v on_o as_o a_o main_a positive_a rule_n of_o law_n and_o they_o be_v these_o le_fw-fr conqueror_n say_v he_o ne_fw-fr vient_fw-fr pas_fw-fr pour_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr 44._o johannes_n shardelowe_n unus_fw-la justic._n de_fw-fr banco_n rot._n pat._n 16._o e._n 3._o pars_fw-la 1._o m._n 2._o in_o dugdales_n chronica_fw-la series_n annex_v to_o his_o origines_fw-la juridiciales_fw-la fol._n 44._o qui_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr droiturell_n possession_n mes_fw-fr de_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr que_fw-fr de_fw-fr lour_v tort_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr occupy_v ascun_fw-fr terre_fw-fr en_fw-fr desheritance_n del_fw-it roy_n &_o son_fw-fr coronne_fw-fr the_o conqueror_n come_v not_o to_o oust_v those_o who_o have_v a_o right_a possession_n but_o to_o dispossess_v those_o who_o of_o their_o own_o wrong_n have_v enjoy_v any_o land_n to_o the_o disherison_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n what_o shall_v we_o think_v after_o all_o this_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o english_a who_o have_v not_o be_v in_o arm_n against_o william_n have_v no_o estate_n or_o fortune_n leave_v but_o all_o be_v divide_v between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o norman_n sure_o no_o but_o just_a the_o contrary_n that_o they_o do_v enjoy_v they_o in_o as_o full_a peaceable_a and_o quiet_a a_o manner_n as_o ever_o they_o do_v before_o he_o come_v to_o be_v this_o high_a and_o mighty_a conqueror_n but_o again_o let_v i_o give_v you_o sir_n another_o instance_n to_o enforce_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o argument_n in_o the_o 14._o rich._n 2._o some_o 290_o year_n ago_o there_o happen_v a_o memorable_a suit_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prior_n of_o coventry_n 1._o placita_fw-la coram_fw-la rege_fw-la hill_n anno_fw-la ●14_n r._n 2._o rot._n 50._o war._n vid._n dodsworth_n &_o dugdales_n monastic_a anglican_n vol._n 1._o fol._n 305._o col._n 1._o in_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o king_n demand_v annuam_fw-la pensionem_fw-la pro_fw-la uno_fw-la clericorum_fw-la regis_fw-la as_o hold_v de_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la the_o prior_n plead_v that_o he_o hold_v prioratum_fw-la praedictum_fw-la upon_o the_o foundation_n of_o leofric_n quondam_a comitis_fw-la cestriae_fw-la found_v in_o the_o time_n sancti_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o produce_v the_o charter_n in_o court_n and_o then_o convey_v the_o title_n of_o descent_n thus_o ibidem_fw-la recìtatur_fw-la charta_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la etc._n jus_fw-la anglorri●i_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 16._o in_o the_o addition_n etc._n etc._n quas_fw-la donationes_fw-la &_o concessiones_fw-la diversi_fw-la alii_fw-la reges_fw-la confirmàverunt_fw-la &_o dicit_fw-la quod_fw-la postea_fw-la per_fw-la processu●_fw-la temporis_fw-la nomen_fw-la abbatiae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la divertebatur_fw-la in_o nomen_fw-la prioratus_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la leof_o winus_fw-la ad_fw-la tunc_fw-la abbas_n ibidem_fw-la creatus_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o episcopum_fw-la cestriae_fw-la &_o ordinavit_fw-la per_fw-la assensum_fw-la monachorum_fw-la ibidem_fw-la quod_fw-la abbatia●_n praedicta_fw-la ex_fw-la tun●_n foret_fw-la prioratus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d &_o quod_fw-la superiores_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la forent_fw-la priores_fw-la successiuè_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la &_o dicit_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la ipso_fw-la leofrico_fw-it quia_fw-la obiit_fw-la sin●_n haerede_fw-la de_fw-la corpore_fw-la svo_fw-la descendente_fw-la advocatio_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la tempore_fw-la willielm_n '_o conquest_n angliae_fw-la cuidam_fw-la hugoni_n comiti_fw-la cestriae_fw-la ut_fw-la consanguineo_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la ipsius_fw-la leofrici_fw-la viz._n filio_fw-la erminilde_n sororis_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la leofrici_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr ipso_fw-la hugone_n cuidam_fw-la richardo_n ut_fw-la filio_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la chester_n not._n this_o be_v the_o hugh_n to_o who_o it_o be_v imagine_v by_o some_o that_o william_n give_v all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n &_o de_fw-fr ipso_fw-la richardo_n cuidam_fw-la ranulpho_n ut_fw-la consanguineo_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la viz._n filio_fw-la matildis_n sororis_fw-la praedicti_fw-la hugonis_fw-la &_o de_fw-la ipso_fw-la ranulpho_n cuidam_fw-la ranulpho_n ut_fw-la filio_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la &_o the_o 〈◊〉_d so_o ranulpho_n filio_fw-la ranulphi_n quia_fw-la obii●_n sine_fw-la haerede_fw-la de_fw-la corpore_fw-la svo_fw-la descendente_fw-la advocatio_fw-la praedicta_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cestriae_fw-la &_o huntingdon_n &_o aliis_fw-la diversis_fw-la castris_fw-la maneriis_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it &_o wallia_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la matildae_fw-la mabilliae_fw-la ceciliae_fw-la &_o margeriae_fw-la ut_fw-la sororibus_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la praedicti_fw-la ranulphi_n inter_fw-la quas_fw-la propertia_fw-la facta_fw-la fuit_fw-la de_fw-la praedictis_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la advocationibus_fw-la &_o castris_fw-la maneriis_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la supradictis_fw-la et_fw-la praedicta_fw-la advocatio_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la toto_fw-la praedicto_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cestriae_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la allocata_fw-la fuit_fw-la praedictae_fw-la matilde_n pro●proparte_v sva_fw-la in_o allocationem_fw-la diversorum_fw-la aliorum_fw-la castrorum_fw-la manneriorum_n terrarum_fw-la &_o tenementorum_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la praedictis_fw-la mabilliae_fw-la ceciliae_fw-la &_o margeriae_fw-la separatim_fw-la allocatorum_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr ipsa_fw-la matilda_n descendebant_fw-la praedicta_fw-la advocatio_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la praedicto_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cestriae_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la post_fw-la propertiam_fw-la praedictam_fw-la cuidam_fw-la johanni_n scot_n ut_fw-la filio_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la praedictae_fw-la matildae_fw-la qui_fw-la quidem_fw-la johannes_n scot_n advocationem_fw-la praedictam_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la praedicto_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cestriae_fw-la cnm_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la dedit_fw-la henrico_n quondam_a regi_fw-la angliae_fw-la filio_fw-la regis_fw-la johannis_n &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la etc._n etc._n praedictus_fw-la prio_fw-la sine_fw-la die_fw-la from_o this_o great_a record_n sir_n i_o think_v it_o be_v clear_a and_o evident_a 1._o that_o leofric_n be_v earl_n of_o chester_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o that_o he_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n and_o the_o right_n of_o advowson_n of_o the_o priory_n of_o coventry_n tempore_fw-la willielmi_n conquestoris_n angliae_fw-la descend_v to_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n ut_fw-la consanguineo_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la ipsius_fw-la leofrict_a as_o be_v the_o son_n of_o erminelde_v sister_n of_o leofric_n and_o that_o from_o that_o hugh_n descend_v richard_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n and_o from_o richard_n descend_v ranulf_n as_o consanguineus_fw-la &_o haeres_fw-la that_o be_v the_o son_n of_o maud_n sister_n of_o hugh_n and_o from_o that_o ranulph_n another_o ranulph_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n etc._n etc._n 2._o now_o if_o william_n when_o he_o come_v in_o make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n this_o title_n have_v be_v impossible_a to_o have_v be_v maintain_v 3._o it_o appear_v further_a that_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o prior_n be_v allow_v for_o the_o record_n say_v praedictus_fw-la prio_fw-la sine_fw-la die_fw-la and_o the_o advowson_n aforesaid_a simul_fw-la cum_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cestriae_fw-la &_o huntingdon_n &_o aliis_fw-la diversis_fw-la maneriis_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la etc._n etc._n do_v descend_v and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o judgement_n be_v give_v upon_o solemn_a debate_n and_o trial_n neither_o the_o judge_n nor_o the_o king_n counsel_n so_o many_o hundred_o year_n ago_o as_o in_o the_o age_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o this_o new_a receive_a notion_n of_o a_o absolute_a conquest_n and_o again_o 4._o it_o be_v yet_o further_o observable_a that_o the_o charter_n of_o leofric_n and_o the_o title_n of_o the_o prior_n have_v be_v confirm_v per_fw-la diversos_fw-la alios_fw-la reges_fw-la who_o must_v certain_o have_v great_a knowledge_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o william_n the_o first_o his_o conquest_n or_o government_n than_o any_o man_n can_v pretend_v to_o in_o our_o time_n but_o further_a sir_n i_o will_v make_v bold_a with_o your_o patience_n and_o give_v you_o some_o few_o instance_n of_o the_o very_a many_o that_o i_o can_v out_o of_o doomsday_n book_n to_o satisfy_v you_o that_o there_o be_v many_o proprietor_n of_o english_a man_n who_o have_v their_o freehold_n estate_n upon_o title_n paramount_n to_o any_o of_o the_o conqueror_n donation_n those_o i_o shall_v take_v from_o that_o industrious_a and_o worthy_a gentleman_n mr._n attwood_n book_n entitle_v ius_n anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la 90._o jus_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la p._n 80_o 81_o 83_o 87_o 89_o 90._o where_o in_o his_o excellent_a history_n of_o the_o conquest_n among_o other_o he_o have_v these_o follow_v viz._n surrey_n 1._o hugo_n de_fw-fr port_n be_v a_o very_a great_a proprietor_n regis_fw-la pa._n 8o_n he_o be_v not_o tainns_n regis_fw-la as_o may_v be_v find_v under_o the_o title_n terra_fw-la hugonis_fw-la de_fw-fr port_n many_o
to_o the_o king_n that_o justice_n may_v be_v do_v he_o secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la jerrae_fw-la and_o the_o king_n send_v forth_o a_o writ_n to_o summon_v a_o county_n court_n the_o debate_v last_v three_o day_n before_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o many_o chief_a man_n bishop_n and_o lord_n and_o other_o skilful_a in_o the_o law_n and_o the_o judgement_n pass_v for_o the_o archbishop_n lanfrank_n upon_o the_o uote_v of_o the_o freeman_n this_o county_n court_n be_v hold_v by_o special_a summons_n and_o not_o by_o adjournment_n as_o be_v allowable_a by_o the_o saxon_a law_n upon_o special_a occasion_n and_o this_o suit_n be_v original_o begin_v and_o have_v its_o final_a determination_n in_o the_o county_n court_n and_o the_o county_n court_v in_o those_o day_n be_v of_o so_o great_a esteem_n that_o two_o of_o the_o great_a peer_n of_o the_o realm_n one_o a_o norman_a the_o other_o a_o italian_a do_v cast_v a_o title_n in_o fifteen_o 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impregnable_o assert_v that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n be_v a_o essential_a and_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o saxon_a general_n council_n so_o do_v it_o i_o think_v full_o and_o clear_o refute_v and_o bassle_v that_o novel_a erroneous_a notion_n margin_n the_o anonimous_a auth●r_n p._n 20._o in_o the_o margin_n viz._n that_o there_o be_v no_o commons_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o saxon_a great_a council_n 14._o idem_fw-la p._n 13_o 14._o nor_o any_o thing_n that_o tend_v towards_o the_o proof_n of_o the●_n commons_o of_o those_o time_n to_o have_v have_v any_o share_n in_o make_v law_n in_o those_o council_n the_o memorable_a instance_n be_v the_o mighty_a law_n of_o tithe_n which_o be_v make_v and_o ordain_v a_o rege_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la 139_o lambard_n de_fw-fr priscis_fw-la augl_n legibus_fw-la c._n ●_o fol._n 139_o by_o the_o king_n his_o baron_n and_o his_o people_n 621._o spelm._n council_n tom._n 1._o f._n 621._o now_o william_n the_o first_o in_o that_o little_a time_n of_o rest_n he_o have_v from_o foreign_a war_n with_o the_o french_a king_n and_o his_o neighbour_a prince_n to_o normandy_n do_v apply_v both_o it_o and_o himself_o in_o the_o set_n of_o law_n here_o which_o be_v do_v not_o ex_fw-la plenitudine_fw-la regiae_n potestatis_fw-la no_o nor_o by_o the_o norman_a baron_n cooperate_a with_o that_o power_n but_o by_o the_o joint_a advice_n and_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o the_o grand_a council_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o wise_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o prove_v which_o i_o shall_v produce_v the_o testimony_n of_o ancient_a writer_n who_o no_o man_n of_o historical_a understanding_n can_v modest_o impeach_v of_o partiality_n faction_n or_o interest_n in_o the_o case_n in_o question_n 1._o the_o first_o shall_v be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o litchfield_n 158._o lambard_n fol._n 158._o which_o tell_v we_o that_o this_o william_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n at_o london_n consilio_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o baron_n cause_v a_o general_n meeting_n or_o assembly_n to_o be_v summon_v per_fw-la universos_fw-la angliae_fw-la comitatus_fw-la omnes_fw-la nobiles_fw-la sapientes_fw-la &_o shall_fw-mi lege_fw-la eruditos_fw-la ut_fw-la eorum_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la audiret_fw-la i.e._n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n wise_a man_n and_o such_o as_o be_v skill_v in_o the_o law_n through_o all_o the_o county_n of_o england_n to_o hear_v what_o their_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v and_o after_o this_o be_v do_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o english_a community_n he_o do_v consent_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v confirm_v and_o so_o they_o be_v ratify_v and_o keep_v throughout_o all_o his_o kingdom_n the_o word_n be_v ad_fw-la preces_fw-la communitatis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ex_fw-la illo_fw-la die_fw-la magna_fw-la authoritate_fw-la veneratae_fw-la &_o per_fw-la universum_fw-la regnum_fw-la corroboratae_fw-la &_o conservatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la leges_fw-la sancti_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la prae_fw-la caeteris_fw-la regni_fw-la legibus_fw-la from_o this_o testimony_n i_o think_v it_o will_v plain_o appear_v 1._o that_o the_o barones_n svi_fw-la here_o of_o william_n can_v absolute_o exclude_v the_o english_a and_o only_o signify_v his_o norman_a baron_n upon_o those_o authority_n and_o reason_n i_o have_v already_o offer_v to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v equal_o barones_n francigeni_n &_o angli_fw-la nostri_fw-la in_o his_o time_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o my_o argument_n under_o the_o three_o question_n 2._o that_o the_o king_n have_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o these_o his_o baron_n summon_v all_o the_o nobility_n wise_a man_n and_o those_o that_o be_v skill_v in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n throughout_o all_o the_o county_n of_o england_n he_o then_o and_o there_o ratify_v and_o confirm_v the_o law_n of_o st._n edward_n 3._o and_o to_o prove_v that_o this_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o nobility_n wise_a man_n and_o able_a lawyer_n be_v a_o parliament_n i_o shall_v now_o give_v you_o the_o judgement_n of_o mr._n selden_n 580._o selden_n tit._n of_o hon._n f._n 580._o in_o his_o own_o word_n which_o be_v these_o viz._n that_o william_n the_o first_o in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n or_o mlxx._n which_o be_v the_o year_n wherein_o he_o first_o bring_v the_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n under_o the_o tenure_n of_o barony_n consilio_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la say_v hoveden_n lond._n in_o hen._n 2._o p._n 343_o e._n lond._n out_o of_o a_o collection_n of_o law_n write_v by_o glanvill_n fecit_fw-la summoniri_fw-la per_fw-la universos_fw-la consulatus_fw-la angliae_fw-la anglos_n nobiles_fw-la &_o sapientes_fw-la &_o sva_fw-la lege_fw-la eruditos_fw-la ut_fw-la eorum_fw-la jura_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la ab_fw-la ipsis_fw-la audiret_fw-la and_o twelve_o be_v return_v out_o of_o every_o county_n who_o show_v what_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v which_o be_v write_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o aldred_n arch_n bishop_n of_o york_n and_o hugo_n bishop_n of_o london_n be_v with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o same_o baron_n for_o the_o most_o part_n confirm_v in_o that_o assembly_n which_o be_v a_o parliament_n of_o that_o time_n and_o a_o little_a low_o he_o say_v this_o may_v be_v the_o same_o parliament_n wherein_o the_o controversy_n between_o thomas_n archbishop_n of_o york_n he_o be_v consecrate_v after_o the_o death_n of_o aldred_n the_o same_o year_n and_o to_o the_o same_o year_n this_o controversy_n be_v attribute_v and_o vlstan_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n touch_v certain_a possession_n be_v determine_v so_o that_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o observe_v that_o 1._o there_o be_v english_a man_n in_o this_o council_n by_o the_o word_n anglos_n nobiles_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o 2._o beside_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o st._n edward_n here_o mention_v it_o may_v reasonable_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o law_n for_o bring_v the_o bishop_n and_o