absolute_a conquest_n be_v true_a then_o either_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o commons_o in_o parl._n 15._o r._n 2._o know_v it_o or_o they_o do_v not_o that_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o it_o be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v presume_v because_o they_o live_v within_o ten_o of_o three_o hundred_o year_n ago_o and_o no_o doubt_n but_o there_o be_v some_o learned_a man_n among_o they_o that_o know_v the_o ancient_a constitution_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o if_o they_o do_v then_o be_v they_o guilty_a of_o the_o great_a madness_n and_o folly_n that_o ever_o be_v when_o the_o commons_o pray_v that_o king_n en_fw-fr plein_fw-fr parliament_n que_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr sâit_fw-la &_o estoise_n ausi_fw-la frank_a en_fw-fr sa_fw-fr regalie_n liberte_fw-fr &_o dignity_n royal_a en_fw-fr son_fw-fr temps_fw-fr come_v ascuns_fw-mi de_fw-fr cest_fw-fr noble_a progenitor_n rot._n parl._n 15._o r._n 2._o n._n 13._o roys_n d'_fw-fr engâ_n furent_fw-fr en_fw-fr lour_v temps_fw-fr nient_a contresteant_fw-fr ascun_fw-fr estatut_n on_o ordinance_n fait_fw-fr devant_fw-fr cest_fw-fr hures_n a_o contraire_fw-fr &_o mesment_n en_fw-fr derogation_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr libertee_n &_o franchise_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr corone_n qu'il_fw-fr soit_fw-fr adnulle_n &_o de_fw-fr nul_fw-fr force_n &_o puis_fw-fr touz_v les_fw-fr prelate_n &_o seigneures_fw-mi temporel_n prierent_fw-la en_fw-fr mesine_fw-la le_fw-fr manere_fw-la &_o sur_fw-fr ce_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr ledit_n roy_fw-fr mercia_fw-la les_fw-fr dit_n signior_n &_o commune_v the_o la_fw-fr grant_n tendresse_fw-fr &_o affection_n quail_v avoient_fw-fr a_fw-fr la_fw-fr salvation_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr honeur_fw-fr &_o de_fw-fr son_fw-fr estate_n &_o a_o cause_n que_fw-fr lour_v dit_fw-fr pryer_n &_o request_n luy_fw-fr semblerent_fw-la honeste_n &_o resonable_v ill_a sagrea_fw-mi &_o assenta_fw-la pleinement_n a_o ycelle_v now_o can_v any_o man_n of_o but_o a_o ordinary_a understanding_n think_v that_o the_o parliament_n intend_v by_o this_o act_n to_o out_o themselves_o of_o all_o their_o ancient_n and_o legal_a right_n and_o total_o to_o give_v up_o their_o estate_n and_o fortune_n to_o the_o king_n be_v absolute_a disposition_n be_v it_o possible_a almost_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o they_o design_v to_o confound_v and_o overthrow_v the_o whole_a polity_n and_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o reduce_v all_o to_o the_o arbitrary_a will_n and_o power_n of_o a_o new_a conqueror_n without_o a_o conquest_n what_o man_n be_v there_o that_o be_v not_o become_v servile_a to_o common_a opinion_n and_o implicit_a supposition_n of_o so_o inventive_a a_o faculty_n as_o to_o conjecture_v such_o grand_a absurdity_n and_o yet_o these_o and_o many_o more_o be_v the_o direct_a consequence_n of_o those_o that_o endeavour_n to_o maintain_v and_o justify_v these_o pernicious_a principle_n for_o the_o petition_n and_o law_n be_v that_o rich._n 2._o shall_v be_v as_o free_v in_o his_o regality_n liberty_n and_o dignity_n royal_a as_o any_o of_o his_o noble_a progenitor_n king_n of_o england_n than_o it_o natural_o follow_v that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v as_o free_a and_o absolute_a as_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o than_o what_o be_v the_o conclusion_n and_o result_n the_o anonymus_fw-la author_n against_o mr._n petyt_n p._n 43._o but_o that_o the_o english_a be_v neither_o to_o have_v estate_n nor_o fortune_n leave_v they_o and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v no_o great_a matter_n to_o they_o by_o what_o law_n right_o or_o property_n man_n hold_v their_o estate_n and_o so_o farewell_n to_o parliament_n but_o we_o know_v and_o be_v well_o assure_v that_o never_o any_o such_o imagination_n enter_v into_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o 15._o r._n 2._o ras._n stat._n 15_o r._n 2._o f._n 161._o not_o only_o by_o the_o law_n make_v then_o in_o that_o parliament_n but_o by_o those_o in_o the_o next_o parliament_n hold_v the_o next_o year_n after_o id._n 16._o r._n 2._o foe_n 163._o the_o commons_o grant_v to_o the_o king_n that_o pour_fw-fr la_fw-fr grant_n affiance_n affection_n and_o assurance_n for_o the_o great_a trust_n rot._n parl._n 16_o r._n 2._o n._n 8._o affection_n and_o assurance_n they_o have_v in_o the_o noble_a person_n of_o the_o king_n in_o his_o most_o excellent_a knowledge_n and_o his_o most_o sage_a discretion_n and_o also_o for_o the_o great_a tenderness_n they_o have_v for_o his_o crown_n and_o the_o kingdom_n &_o les_fw-fr drot_n dicel_n and_o the_o right_n thereof_o so_o accorderant_a &_o assenterent_fw-la they_o agree_v and_o assent_v in_o full_a parliament_n that_o the_o king_n by_o good_a deliberation_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o lord_n of_o his_o wise_a council_n may_v take_v the_o whole_a matter_n touch_v the_o statute_n of_o provisor_n to_o he_o and_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v full_a power_n and_o authority_n to_o modify_v the_o say_a statute_n against_o the_o pope_n and_o court_n of_o rome_n and_o to_o ordain_v by_o the_o deliberation_n and_o assent_v aforesaid_a in_o such_o manner_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v best_a to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o of_o holy_a church_n and_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n and_o of_o the_o estate_n and_o profit_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o to_o put_v the_o same_o in_o execution_n when_o do_v and_o that_o au_o proschein_a parliament_n at_o the_o next_o parliament_n all_o the_o matter_n aforesaid_a shall_v be_v full_o show_v as_o ditz_fw-fr commune_v to_o the_o say_a commons_o and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v memorable_a viz._n au_o sin_n quill_n purront_fw-fr alors_fw-fr par_fw-fr bon_fw-fr avisement_n agreer_fw-fr si_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr ple_a a_o yâelles_n that_o the_o commons_o than_o may_v upon_o good_a advice_n agree_v thereto_o if_o it_o shall_v so_o please_v god_n from_o all_o which_o it_o evident_o appear_v 1._o that_o no_o law_n can_v be_v make_v in_o richard_n the_o second_v time_n or_o in_o any_o of_o his_o progenitor_n king_n of_o england_n which_o can_v but_o take_v in_o william_n the_o first_o without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n 2._o that_o none_o of_o those_o king_n can_v abrogate_v or_o make_v void_a such_o law_n when_o make_v without_o the_o like_a assent_n 3._o that_o though_o the_o general_n phrase_n viz._n that_o king_n richard_n shall_v be_v and_o stand_v as_o free_v in_o his_o regality_n liberty_n and_o dignity_n royal_a in_o his_o time_n as_o any_o of_o his_o progenitor_n be_v in_o they_o and_o that_o the_o king_n say_v that_o the_o desire_n and_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o seem_v honest_a and_o reasonable_a to_o he_o and_o therefore_o he_o give_v his_o royal_a assent_n to_o that_o law_n yet_o neither_o the_o king_n nor_o the_o lord_n can_v ever_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v honest_a and_o reasonable_a or_o that_o it_o be_v any_o part_n of_o the_o liberty_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o crown_n to_o change_v the_o whole_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o english_a government_n by_o alter_v and_o make_v law_n at_o will_n by_o take_v away_o the_o subject_n possession_n and_o bestow_v they_o upon_o whosoever_o he_o please_v by_o destroy_v the_o ancient_a course_n and_o power_n of_o parliament_n and_o in_o a_o word_n by_o turn_v all_o thing_n topsy_n turuie_o and_o thus_o we_o have_v the_o evidence_n and_o proof_n of_o the_o great_a authority_n that_o can_v be_v give_v against_o the_o absurdity_n as_o well_o as_o falseness_n of_o king_n william_n absolute_a conquest_n viz._n a_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o conclude_v all_o i_o shall_v make_v bold_a to_o borrow_v the_o word_n of_o that_o great_a assertor_n of_o the_o protestant_a cause_n against_o the_o intolerable_a usurpation_n of_o papal_a power_n the_o so_o eminent_o learned_a and_o pious_a thomas_n now_o lord_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o popery_n or_o the_o principle_n and_o position_n approve_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n etc._n etc._n in_o quarto_n pag._n 116._o and_o say_v if_o any_o man_n can_v true_o and_o impartial_o as_o to_o the_o sum_n and_o substance_n of_o the_o testimony_n here_o cite_v for_o i_o neither_o need_n nor_o will_v undertake_v for_o every_o particular_a circumstance_n or_o typographical_a error_n either_o show_n 1._o that_o i_o have_v misquote_v the_o author_n and_o book_n i_o cite_v and_o that_o such_o passage_n do_v not_o occur_v in_o the_o place_n quote_v 2._o or_o if_o they_o do_v occur_v that_o i_o have_v mistake_v their_o meaning_n as_o to_o the_o purpose_n for_o which_o they_o be_v produce_v i_o say_v if_o any_o man_n can_v and_o will_v ingenious_o show_v i_o either_o of_o these_o i_o shall_v be_v so_o far_o from_o not_o confess_v my_o fault_n or_o declare_v how_o i_o be_v mislead_v into_o it_o that_o i_o shall_v have_v a_o bearty_a value_n for_o any_o such_o friendly_a admonition_n and_o receive_v it_o with_o all_o the_o grateful_a acknowledgement_n as_o become_v i_o for_o my_o only_a design_n be_v the_o detection_n of_o error_n and_o establishment_n of_o truth_n to_o future_a generation_n and_o not_o to_o have_v the_o world_n impose_v upon_o by_o the_o trick_n imposture_n and_o artifices_fw-la which_o too_o many_o have_v be_v guilty_a of_o either_o to_o promote_v their_o own_o particular_a gain_n and_o interest_n to_o which_o such_o care_v not_o what_o they_o sacrifice_v or_o upon_o a_o far_o worse_a and_o more_o grievous_a consideration_n to_o bring_v the_o whole_a nation_n into_o divide_v party_n and_o faction_n and_o thus_o by_o embroyl_n and_o entanglement_n to_o throw_v they_o at_o last_o into_o fatal_a convulsion_n to_o the_o destruction_n both_o of_o prince_n and_o people_n finis_fw-la
of_o before_o 484._o sâlden's_n review_n of_o his_o history_n ãâã_d tithe_n p._n 482_o 483_o 484._o as_o well_o as_o of_o after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n as_o it_o be_v vulgar_o call_v be_v here_o gather_v and_o be_v perhaps_o equal_o observable_a as_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o consequent_a of_o a_o general_a consecration_n of_o tithe_n to_o the_o church_n in_o england_n for_o neither_o be_v the_o law_n former_o make_v abolish_v by_o that_o conquest_n although_o by_o law_n of_o 5._o of_o vid._n quintilian_n lib._n 5._o institution_n cap._n 10._o athe._n gentil_n de_fw-fr jere_n belli_fw-la lib._n 3._o cap._n 5._o &_o hottoman_a illust_n quaest._n 5._o war_n regular_o all_o right_n and_o law_n of_o the_o place_n conquer_v be_v whole_o subject_a to_o the_o conqueror_n will._n for_o in_o this_o of_o the_o norman_a not_o only_o the_o conqueror_n will_n be_v not_o declare_v that_o the_o former_a law_n shall_v be_v abrogate_a and_o until_o such_o declaration_n law_n remain_v in_o force_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o b_o of_o calvin_n can._n fol._n 17._o b_o some_o in_o all_o conquest_n of_o christian_n against_o christian_n but_o also_o the_o ancient_a and_o former_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v confirm_v by_o he_o for_o in_o his_o four_o year_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o baronage_n he_o summon_v to_o london_n omnes_fw-la nobiles_fw-la sapientes_fw-la &_o lege_fw-la suà _fw-la eruditos_fw-la ut_fw-la eorum_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la audiret_fw-la as_o the_o word_n be_v of_o the_o book_n of_o litchfield_n and_o afterward_o confirm_v they_o as_o be_v further_o also_o relate_v by_o 347._o by_o in_o hâ_n 2._o p._n 347._o roger_n of_o hoveden_n those_o lege_fw-la suâ_fw-la eruditi_fw-la be_v common_a lawyer_n of_o that_o time_n as_o godric_n and_o alâwin_n be_v then_o also_o who_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o the_o book_n of_o cotton_n of_o m_o lib._n 2._o p._n 3â_n &_o 30._o in_o bibl._n cotton_n abingdom_n to_o be_v legibus_fw-la patriae_fw-la optime_fw-la instituti_fw-la quibus_fw-la tantae_fw-la secularium_fw-la facundia_fw-la &_o praeteritorum_fw-la memoria_fw-la eventorum_fw-la inerat_fw-la ut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la circumquaque_fw-la facilè_fw-la eorum_fw-la sententiam_fw-la ratam_fw-la fuisse_fw-la quem_fw-la edicerent_fw-la approbarent_fw-la and_o these_o two_o and_o divers_a other_o common_a lawyer_n then_o live_v in_o the_o abbey_n of_o abingdon_n quorum_fw-la collationi_fw-la nemo_fw-la sapiens_fw-la say_v the_o author_n refragabatur_fw-la quibus_fw-la rem_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la publicam_fw-la tuentibus_fw-la ejus_fw-la oblocutores_fw-la elingues_fw-la fiebant_fw-la you_o must_v know_v that_o in_o those_o day_n every_o monk_n here_o in_o england_n that_o will_v may_v remain_v so_o secular_a that_o he_o may_v get_v money_n for_o himself_o purchase_n or_o receive_v by_o descent_n to_o his_o own_o use_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v fit_a enough_o for_o practise_v lawyer_n to_o live_v in_o monastery_n but_o what_o have_v those_o praeteritorum_fw-la memoria_fw-la eventorum_fw-la that_o be_v report_n and_o adjudge_v case_n of_o the_o saxon_a time_n avail_v in_o their_o skill_n if_o the_o former_a law_n have_v not_o continue_v more_o obvious_a testimony_n to_o this_o purpose_n be_v have_v out_o of_o 8._o of_o videsis_n cok._n praefax_n ad_fw-la relat._n 3_o &_o 8._o &_o si_fw-la placet_fw-la not._n ad_fw-la fortesc_fw-la p._n 7_o &_o 8._o gervase_n of_o tilbury_n ingulphus_n and_o other_o and_o we_o here_o omit_v they_o but_o also_o indeed_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v repute_v a_o conquest_n or_o a_o acquisition_n by_o right_a of_o war_n which_o may_v have_v destroy_v the_o former_a law_n so_o much_o as_o a_o violent_a recover_n of_o the_o kingdom_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o rebel_n which_o withstand_v the_o duke_n pretence_n of_o a_o lawful_a title_n claim_v by_o the_o confessor_n adoption_n or_o designation_n of_o he_o for_o his_o successor_n his_o nearness_n of_o blood_n on_o the_o mother_n side_n not_o a_o little_a also_o aid_v such_o a_o pretence_n to_o a_o crown_n for_o the_o confessor_n mother_n emme_n be_v sister_n to_o richard_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o normandy_n to_o who_o william_n be_v grandchild_n and_o heir_n but_o these_o be_v only_o specious_a title_n and_o perhaps_o examine_v curious_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v at_o that_o time_n enough_o and_o howsoever_o his_o conscience_n so_o move_v he_o at_o his_o death_n that_o he_o profess_v he_o have_v get_v cadohensis_fw-la get_v historia_fw-la cadohensis_fw-la england_n only_o by_o blood_n and_o the_o sword_n yet_o also_o by_o express_a declaration_n in_o some_o of_o his_o patent_n he_o before_o pretend_v his_o right_n from_o the_o confessor_n gift_n 104._o gift_n chart._n eccles_n westm_o in_o inspex_fw-la part_n 7._o 1._o ed._n 4._o m._n 26._o &_o vidâ_n camb._n pag._n 104._o in_o ore_fw-la gladii_fw-la say_v he_o regnum_fw-la adeptus_fw-la sum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la devicto_fw-la haraldo_n rege_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la complicibus_fw-la qui_fw-la mihi_fw-la regnum_fw-la cum_fw-la providentia_fw-la dei_fw-la destinatum_fw-la &_o beneficio_fw-la concessionis_fw-la domini_fw-la &_o cognati_fw-la mei_fw-la gloriosi_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la concessum_fw-la conati_fw-la sunt_fw-la auferre_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o the_o story_n common_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o confessor_n successionem_fw-la angliae_fw-la ei_fw-la dedit_fw-la and_o although_o harold_n also_o pretend_v a_o devise_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o himself_o make_v by_o the_o confessor_n in_o extremis_fw-la and_o urge_v also_o that_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n have_v be_v from_o the_o time_n of_o augustine_n come_n hither_o cotton_n hither_o ms._n sive_fw-la author_n guil._n pictav_n sive_fw-la quis_fw-la alius_fw-la sit_v in_o bibl._n cotton_n donationem_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o ultimo_fw-la sine_fw-la quis_fw-la fecerit_fw-la eam_fw-la ratam_fw-la haberi_fw-la and_o that_o the_o former_a gift_n to_o the_o norman_a and_o his_o own_o oath_n for_o establishment_n of_o it_o be_v not_o of_o force_n because_o they_o be_v make_v londin_n make_v malmesb._n lib._n 5._o de_fw-fr gest._n regum_fw-la p._n 56._o a._n alii_fw-la in_o will._n 1._o &_o videsis_n mat._n paris_n in_o hen._n 3._o p._n 1257._o edit_fw-la londin_n absque_fw-la generali_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventu_fw-la &_o edicto_fw-la yet_o for_o his_o own_o part_n he_o be_v drive_v to_o put_v all_o upon_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o field_n and_o so_o lose_v it_o and_o the_o norman_a with_o his_o sword_n and_o pretence_n of_o the_o sufficiency_n and_o precedence_n of_o the_o gift_n make_v to_o himself_o get_v the_o crown_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o lawful_a successor_n to_o the_o confessor_n and_o not_o a_o universal_a conqueror_n all_o this_o be_v plain_a out_o of_o the_o story_n and_o justify_v infallible_o by_o that_o of_o the_o title_n of_o many_o common_a person_n make_v to_o their_o possession_n in_o england_n after_o his_o kingdom_n settle_v upon_o the_o possession_n of_o themselves_o or_o their_o ancestor_n in_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n especial_o of_o the_o confessor_n but_o this_o be_v always_o in_o case_n where_o they_o by_o who_o possession_n the_o title_n be_v make_v have_v not_o incur_v forfeiture_n by_o rebellion_n many_o such_o title_n be_v clear_o allow_v in_o the_o book_n of_o doomsday_n write_v in_o the_o conqueror_n time_n one_o especial_o be_v note_v by_o the_o most_o learned_a camden_n in_o his_o norfolk_n that_o as_o i_o remember_v be_v touch_v in_o doomsday_n also_o but_o enough_o other_o be_v disperse_v there_o which_o agree_v with_o it_o how_o can_v such_o title_n have_v hold_v if_o he_o have_v make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o england_n wherein_o a_o universal_a acquisition_n of_o all_o have_v be_v to_o the_o conqueror_n and_o no_o title_n can_v have_v be_v derive_v but_o only_o from_o or_o under_o he_o more_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o clear_v this_o but_o we_o add_v here_o only_o the_o judicious_a assertion_n of_o a_o great_a b._n great_a share_v in_o case_z in_o itin_n temp_n ed._n 3._o fol._n 143._o b._n lawyer_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n le_z conqueror_n say_v he_o ne_fw-fr vient_fw-fr pas_fw-fr pour_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr que_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr droiturell_n possession_n mes_fw-fr de_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr que_fw-fr de_fw-fr leur_fw-fr tort_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr occupy_v ascun_fw-fr ierre_fw-fr en_fw-fr disheritance_n del_fw-it roy_n &_o son_n corone_n it_o be_v speak_v upon_o a_o objection_n make_v in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o abbot_n of_o peterborough_n touch_v a_o charter_n of_o king_n edgar_n which_o the_o king_n council_n will_v have_v have_v void_a because_o by_o the_o conquest_n all_o franchise_n they_o say_v be_v devolve_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o by_o the_o way_n for_o that_o of_o his_o nearness_n of_o blood_n which_o can_v not_o but_o aid_v his_o other_o pretend_a title_n let_v it_o not_o seem_v mere_o vain_a in_o regard_n of_o his_o be_v a_o bastard_n there_o be_v good_a pretence_n for_o the_o help_n of_o that_o defect_n also_o for_o although_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o i_o think_v of_o all_o other_o civil_a
or_o distress_n and_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n be_v use_v in_o the_o custumary_n that_o which_o put_v it_o further_o out_o of_o scruple_n be_v that_o there_o be_v yet_o extant_a the_o manuscript_n themselves_o of_o the_o saxon_a law_n make_v in_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v by_o they_o here_o which_o be_v in_o the_o language_n and_o character_n of_o those_o time_n and_o contain_v in_o they_o many_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o the_o norman_a custumary_n it_o be_v no_o improbable_a opinion_n that_o there_o be_v a_o former_a establishment_n of_o our_o law_n in_o normandy_n before_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 1._o and_o that_o it_o be_v by_o edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o as_o all_o writer_n of_o our_o history_n agree_v be_v a_o great_a collector_n and_o compiler_n of_o our_o english_a law_n he_o live_v a_o long_a time_n with_o his_o kinsman_n duke_n william_n in_o normandy_n who_o be_v willing_a to_o please_v the_o confessor_n in_o hope_n to_o be_v appoint_v by_o he_o to_o be_v his_o successor_n wherein_o the_o duke_n expectation_n do_v not_o fail_v he_o the_o confessor_n have_v no_o child_n and_o find_v normandy_n without_o a_o settle_a government_n and_o want_v law_n advise_v with_o his_o kinsman_n duke_n william_n to_o receive_v from_o he_o the_o law_n of_o england_n which_o he_o have_v collect_v and_o to_o establish_v they_o in_o normandy_n which_o duke_n william_n and_o his_o lord_n ready_o accept_v for_o the_o good_a of_o their_o people_n and_o thereby_o oblige_v the_o confessor_n another_o proof_n hereof_o be_v that_o such_o law_n as_o the_o norman_n have_v before_o the_o time_n of_o duke_n william_n be_v different_a from_o those_o in_o the_o custumary_n and_o from_o the_o english_a law_n as_o their_o law_n that_o the_o husband_n shall_v be_v hang_v if_o his_o wife_n be_v a_o thief_n and_o he_o do_v not_o discover_v it_o the_o mean_a people_n be_v as_o slave_n and_o the_o like_a and_o the_o trial_n of_o theft_n by_o ordeil_n which_o then_o be_v not_o in_o england_n wigorniensis_fw-la report_n that_o the_o norman_n who_o come_v in_o with_o queen_n emma_n the_o wife_n of_o etheir_v be_v so_o hate_v of_o the_o english_a for_o their_o injustice_n and_o false_a judgement_n that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n canutus_n they_o be_v for_o this_o cause_n banish_v and_o it_o be_v the_o less_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v so_o unjust_a themselves_o shall_v introduce_v so_o just_a law_n as_o we_o be_v between_o the_o conquest_n of_o normandy_n by_o rolio_n and_o the_o invasion_n of_o england_n by_o duke_n william_n there_o be_v not_o above_o 160_o year_n that_o of_o normandy_n be_v about_o anno_fw-la 912._o that_o of_o england_n anno_fw-la 1060._o it_o be_v not_o then_o consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o those_o norman_n pagan_n a_o rough_a martial_a people_n descend_v from_o so_o many_o barbarous_a nation_n shall_v in_o the_o time_n of_o 150_o year_n establish_v such_o excellent_a law_n among_o themselves_o and_o so_o different_a from_o the_o french_a law_n among_o who_o they_o be_v and_o all_o part_n in_o the_o world_n except_o england_n and_o such_o law_n which_o be_v not_o only_o fit_a for_o their_o dukedom_n and_o small_a territory_n but_o fit_a also_o for_o this_o kingdom_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v the_o second_o in_o europe_n for_o antiquity_n and_o worth_n by_o confession_n of_o most_o foreign_a historian_n if_o we_o will_v give_v credit_n to_o their_o own_o author_n this_o point_n will_v be_v sufficient_o evince_v by_o they_o these_o word_n be_v in_o the_o proem_n of_o the_o custumary_n which_o be_v entitle_v descriptio_fw-la normanniae_fw-la hucusque_fw-la normannicae_fw-la consvetudines_fw-la latorem_fw-la sive_fw-la datorem_fw-la sanctum_fw-la edwardum_fw-la angliae_fw-la regem_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o same_o be_v witness_v by_o chronica_fw-la chronicorum_fw-la that_o st._n edward_n king_n of_o england_n give_v the_o law_n to_o the_o norman_n when_o he_o be_v long_o harbour_v there_o and_o that_o he_o make_v both_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o normandy_n appear_v sufficient_o by_o the_o conformity_n of_o they_o for_o which_o he_o cite_v several_a particular_n as_o of_o appeal_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n ad_fw-la probandum_fw-la aliquid_fw-la per_fw-la credentiam_fw-la duodecim_fw-la hominum_fw-la vicinorum_fw-la which_o he_o say_v remain_v in_o normandy_n to_o that_o day_n polydore_v forget_v himself_o what_o he_o write_v in_o another_o place_n say_v of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o that_o when_o a_o doubt_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o proposal_n of_o marriage_n of_o his_o daughter_n to_o scotland_n that_o thereby_o england_n may_v in_o time_n be_v subject_a unto_o scotland_n the_o king_n answer_v no_o and_o that_o england_n as_o the_o great_a will_v draw_v it_o to_o scotland_n be_v the_o less_o and_o incorporate_v it_o to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n as_o say_v the_o historian_n it_o do_v normandy_n though_o the_o owner_n thereof_o be_v conqueror_n of_o england_n and_o sir_n roger_n owen_n in_o his_o manuscript_n affirm_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o of_o our_o historian_n that_o live_v in_o the_o space_n of_o 200_o year_n immediate_o after_o the_o conquest_n which_o do_v describe_v our_o law_n to_o be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o norman_a custom_n introduce_v by_o the_o conqueror_n some_o of_o they_o and_o not_o improbable_o mention_v the_o alteration_n of_o some_o part_n of_o they_o and_o the_o bring_n in_o some_o norman_a custom_n effectual_a for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o peace_n there_o be_v yet_o behind_o the_o great_a argument_n most_o insist_v on_o and_o often_o urge_v by_o the_o gentleman_n of_o another_o opinion_n which_o be_v the_o title_n of_o william_n who_o be_v call_v the_o conqueror_n from_o whence_o they_o conclude_v that_o by_o his_o conquest_n he_o change_v the_o law_n and_o government_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o that_o his_o successor_n reckon_v the_o beginning_n of_o their_o reign_n from_o his_o conquest_n to_o this_o be_v answer_v that_o a_o posse_fw-la ad_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la valet_fw-la argumentum_fw-la the_o conquer_a of_o the_o land_n be_v one_o thing_n the_o introduce_v of_o new_a law_n be_v another_o thing_n but_o there_o be_v direct_a proof_n to_o the_o contrary_a of_o this_o argument_n duke_n william_n never_o surnamed_n himself_o the_o conqueror_n nor_o be_v so_o call_v in_o his_o life-time_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o all_o the_o letter_n patent_n and_o deed_n that_o he_o make_v wherein_o he_o be_v call_v guilielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la dux_n etc._n etc._n never_o conquestor_n and_o our_o ancient_a historian_n give_v he_o the_o same_o title_n and_o not_o that_o of_o conqueror_n in_o the_o title_n of_o nubrigensis_n book_n he_o be_v surname_v william_n the_o bastard_n malmsbury_n call_v he_o william_n the_o first_o hoveden_n william_n the_o elder_a adam_n de_fw-fr monmoth_n say_v that_o 1._o ed._n 3._o this_o word_n conquest_n be_v find_v out_o to_o denote_v and_o distinguish_v the_o certain_a edward_n because_o two_o of_o the_o same_o name_n be_v predecessor_n to_o this_o king_n and_o to_o the_o conqueror_n who_o claim_v the_o crown_n as_o heir_n to_o edward_n the_o confessor_n but_o say_v he_o we_o call_v he_o the_o conqueror_n for_o that_o he_o overcome_v harold_n duke_n william_n himself_o claim_v to_o be_v king_n of_o england_n as_o successor_n and_o adopt_a heir_n of_o the_o confessor_n by_o his_o will_n and_o harold_n renounce_v of_o his_o title_n by_o oath_n the_o register_n of_o st._n alban_n matth._n paris_n and_o other_o attest_v that_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n do_v homage_n to_o he_o as_o successor_n and_o he_o rely_v on_o they_o in_o his_o foreign_a war_n and_o the_o check_v give_v to_o he_o by_o the_o kentish_a man_n and_o the_o force_n gather_v by_o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n bring_v he_o to_o engage_v to_o confirm_v the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n and_o as_o his_o successor_n by_o legal_a right_n they_o admit_v he_o to_o be_v their_o king_n volaterus_n write_v that_o he_o be_v make_v heir_n to_o the_o confessor_n and_o be_v uncle_n to_o he_o another_o affirm_v that_o edward_n by_o his_o will_n leave_v england_n to_o he_o paulus_n aemilius_n and_o fulgasius_n be_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n pope_n alexander_n the_o 11_o the_o send_v he_o a_o banner_n as_o witness_v that_o with_o a_o safe_a conscience_n he_o may_v expel_v harold_n the_o tyrant_n because_o the_o crown_n be_v due_a to_o he_o by_o the_o confessor_n will_v and_o by_o harold_n oath_n agreeable_a hereunto_o be_v gemiticensis_n walsingham_n malmesbury_n huntingdon_n ingulphus_n paris_n pike_n wendover_n gaxton_n gisburn_n and_o other_o the_o ancient_a deed_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n which_o be_v sometime_o in_o my_o custody_n do_v prove_v this_o king_n william_n in_o his_o charter_n to_o they_o set_v forth_o his_o own_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n thus_o beneficio_fw-la concessionis_fw-la &_o cognati_fw-la mei_fw-la gloriosi_fw-la
jani_fw-la anglorum_fw-la fancy_n nova_fw-la and_o he_o ius_n anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la you_o will_v likewise_o i_o suppose_v be_v extreme_o please_v in_o the_o perusal_n of_o another_o learned_a and_o modest_a book_n write_v by_o a_o anonymous_n anthor_n entitle_v patriarcha_fw-la non_fw-la monarcha_fw-la author_n for_o who_o name_n posterity_n will_v have_v a_o great_a respect_n than_o we_o at_o present_a have_v and_o that_o for_o their_o discovery_n of_o truth_n and_o refute_v so_o many_o vulgar_a error_n i_o be_o sir_n your_o most_o faithful_a servant_n etc._n etc._n finis_fw-la the_o appendix_n abbess_z de_fw-fr middleton_n tenet_n in_o capite_fw-la de_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la mannerium_n de_fw-fr middleton_n etc._n etc._n ex_fw-la feoffâmenti_fw-la regis_fw-la aethelstani_fw-la &_o nullum_fw-la servitium_fw-la fecit_fw-la nisi_fw-la orationes_fw-la in_o rotulo_n de_fw-fr inquisitionibus_fw-la dominicorum_fw-la dorseâshire_n anâ_n 4to_fw-la r._n h._n fil._n r._n i._n here_o we_o see_v that_o king_n aethelstan_n who_o reign_v above_o 740_o year_n ago_o enfeoff_v the_o abbey_n of_o middleton_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o middleton_n and_o that_o by_o virtue_n thereof_o the_o abbot_n hold_v it_o in_o capite_fw-la 4._o h._n 3._o and_o do_v no_o service_n for_o it_o but_o only_o to_o pray_v for_o the_o soul_n of_o he_o and_o other_o succeed_a king_n and_o all_o this_o you_o see_v find_v by_o inquisition_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o hen._n 3._o rot._n cartar_n 19_o h._n 6._o nu._n 16._o m._n 27._o per_fw-la inspex_fw-la pro_fw-la decano_fw-la &_o capitulo_fw-la sancti_fw-la martini_n magni_fw-la london_n per_fw-la inspeximus_fw-la inspeximus_fw-la cartam_fw-la quam_fw-la celebris_fw-la memoriae_fw-la dominus_fw-la willielmus_fw-la quondam_a rex_fw-la angl._n progenitor_n '_o nostri_fw-la fecit_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o ecclesiae_fw-la sancti_fw-la martini_n magni_fw-la london_n in_o hec_fw-la verba_fw-la quia_fw-la inter_fw-la multa_fw-la bona_fw-la opera_fw-la quae_fw-la fideles_fw-la christi_fw-la pro_fw-la animarum_fw-la suarum_fw-la salute_v operantur_fw-la hoc_fw-la precipun_a estimatur_fw-la &_o tenetur_fw-la quod_fw-la institution_n &_o edification_n sanctae_fw-la matris_fw-la eccte_fw-la devota_fw-la ment_fw-la impenditur_fw-la in_o qua_fw-la suorum_fw-la dei_fw-la supplicationibus_fw-la peccata_fw-la a_o pio_fw-la deo_fw-la diluuntur_fw-la quod_fw-la moses_n in_o mystici_fw-la tabernaculi_fw-la constructione_n pmonstravit_fw-la quod_fw-la etiam_fw-la salomonis_fw-la industria_fw-la pfiguravit_fw-la dum_fw-la templum_fw-la dno_fw-la artificiosum_fw-la &_o honorabile_fw-la edificaret_fw-la suturam_fw-la significans_fw-la eccleam_fw-it summo_fw-la a_o fidelibus_fw-la debere_fw-la honore_fw-la decorari_fw-la quorum_fw-la vidlt_fw-la exemplo_fw-la in_o nomine_fw-la dm_o nri_fw-fr jesu_fw-la christi_fw-la ego_fw-la willus_fw-la dei_fw-la dispositione_n &_o consanguinitatis_fw-la haereditate_fw-la anglorum_fw-la basileus_n normannorumque_fw-la dux_n &_o rector_n eujusdam_fw-la fidelis_fw-la mei_fw-la ingelrici_fw-la scilicet_fw-la petitioni_fw-la acquiescens_fw-la archiepiscoporum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la abbatuum_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o vniversorum_fw-la procerum_fw-la meorum_fw-la sacro_fw-la consilio_fw-la parens_fw-la omnes_fw-la possessiones_fw-la terrarum_fw-la quas_fw-la tempore_fw-la venerabilis_fw-la ac_fw-la dilectissimi_fw-la cognati_fw-la &_o predecessoris_fw-la mei_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la idem_fw-la ingelricus_fw-la acquisierat_fw-la ê_n ipsius_fw-la insignissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la animae_fw-la salute_n necnon_fw-la &_o peccatorum_fw-la meorum_fw-la remissione_n concedo_fw-la &_o regius_fw-la auctoritate_fw-la imppm_v corroboro_fw-la &_o confirmo_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o eccle_fw-la beati_fw-la martini_n quam_fw-la infra_fw-la muros_fw-la london_n sitam_fw-la pfatus_fw-la ingelricus_fw-la &_o erardus_n frat_fw-la ejus_fw-la de_fw-la propriis_fw-la suis_fw-la redditibus_fw-la in_o delictorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la remediun_n honorabiliter_fw-la ad_fw-la dei_fw-la laudem_fw-la &_o canonicalem_fw-la regulam_fw-la imppm_v servand_n &_o tenend_n construxerunt_fw-la sunt_fw-la igitur_fw-la haec_fw-la terrarum_fw-la nomina_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la si_fw-la quas_fw-la alius_fw-la libtates_fw-la vel_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la aliqua_fw-la ecclearum_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la angl_n meliores_fw-la het_fw-mi si_fw-la quis_fw-la vero_fw-la hoc_fw-la in_o aliud_fw-la quam_fw-la concessimus_fw-la transfer_v psumpferit_n cum_fw-la juda_n proditore_fw-la dei_fw-la hâeâedibas_fw-la luat_fw-la penas_fw-la scripta_fw-la est_fw-la haec_fw-la chartula_fw-la a_o ab_fw-la incarnatione_fw-la dm_o m._n lx._n viii_o scilicet_fw-la secundo_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la pacta_fw-la vero_fw-la est_fw-la haec_fw-la donatio_fw-la die_v nataliâ_n dm_o &_o postmodum_fw-la in_o die_v pentecost_n confirmat_fw-la quando_fw-la matil_n conjux_fw-la mea_fw-la in_o basilica_n sancti_fw-la petri_n westm_n in_o reginam_fw-la divino_fw-la nutu_fw-la est_fw-la consecrata_fw-la etc._n etc._n ego_fw-la willus_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la &_o dux_n normannorum_fw-la sub_fw-la sigillo_fw-la sancte_fw-la â_o quas_fw-la indeclinabiliter_fw-la consensi_fw-la atque_fw-la â_o rol_fw-la oravi_fw-la ego_fw-la matil_n regina_fw-la consensum_fw-la prebui_fw-la ego_fw-la ricus_fw-la regis_fw-la fill_v annui_fw-la ego_fw-la stigandus_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la subscripsi_fw-la ego_fw-la aldredus_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la confirmavi_fw-la ego_fw-la willus_n lond_n episcopus_fw-la infra_fw-la cujus_fw-la muros_fw-la pfatum_fw-la monasterium_fw-la situm_fw-la est_fw-la signaculo_fw-la sancte_fw-la crucis_fw-la subarravi_fw-la &_o libtatem_fw-la omnimodam_fw-la quantumcumque_fw-la i_o êtinet_fw-la possibilitati_fw-la concessi_fw-la ego_fw-la odo_n baiocensis_fw-la episcopus_fw-la concessi_fw-la ego_fw-la hugo_n luxoniensis_fw-la episcopus_fw-la intersui_fw-la ego_fw-la goiffridus_n episcopus_fw-la corroboravi_fw-la ego_fw-la hermannus_n episcopus_fw-la concessi_fw-la ego_fw-la leouricus_n episcopus_fw-la concessi_fw-la ego_fw-la giso_fw-la episcopus_fw-la concessi_fw-la ego_fw-la edwinus_fw-la abbas_n ego_fw-la wolwaldus_n abbas_n ego_fw-la baldwinus_n abbas_n ego_fw-la agelsinus_fw-la abbas_n ego_fw-la turstinus_n abbas_n ego_fw-la brand_n abbas_n ego_fw-la alswinus_n abbas_n ego_fw-la sithricus_fw-la abbas_n ego_fw-la will_n fill_v osbti_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la robtus_fw-la frat_fw-la regis_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la edwinus_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la robtus_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la marchere_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la waldeof_o come_v ego_fw-la rogerus_fw-la de_fw-la monte_fw-la goverii_fw-la comes_fw-la ego_fw-la ricus_fw-la fill_v gislebti_fw-la princeps_fw-la ego_fw-la will_n malet_n princeps_fw-la ego_fw-la arfastus_n regis_fw-la cancellarius_fw-la ego_fw-la michael_n regis_fw-la capellanus_fw-la ego_fw-la gislbtus_fw-la capellanus_fw-la ego_fw-la osbinus_n capellanus_fw-la ego_fw-la will_n capellanus_fw-la ego_fw-la thomas_n capellanus_fw-la ego_fw-la bernardus_n capellanus_fw-la ego_fw-la walterus_n capellanus_fw-la ego_fw-la robtus_fw-la capellanus_fw-la ego_fw-la johe_n sancte_fw-la roman_a ecclie_n cardinalis_fw-la presbit_n per_fw-la gallias_n &_o angl_n concedente_fw-la papa_n alexandro_n vice_n apostolicas_fw-la gerens_fw-la huic_fw-la constitutioni_fw-la interfui_fw-la &_o quantum_fw-la aposto_n â_o lice_n sedi_fw-la êtinuit_fw-la libtatem_fw-la ecclie_fw-la psenti_fw-la signo_fw-la confirmavi_fw-la ego_fw-la peârus_n sancte_fw-la roman_a ecclie_n similit_fw-la cardinalis_fw-la presbit_n &_o cancellarius_n ab_fw-la eodem_fw-la papa_n in_o angl_n eye_o â_o gatus_fw-la huic_fw-la constitutioni_fw-la acquiescens_fw-la propria_fw-la manu_fw-la subscripsi_fw-la i_o give_v you_o this_o charter_n sir_n as_o a_o further_a proof_n and_o evidence_n for_o i_o in_o these_o particular_n viz._n 1._o you_o may_v observe_v by_o these_o word_n consanguinitatis_fw-la haereditate_fw-la anglorum_fw-la basileus_n that_o here_o king_n william_n make_v a_o absolute_a disclaimer_n of_o conquest_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o only_o insist_v on_o what_o he_o know_v full_a well_o be_v his_o sure_a hold_n his_o claim_n by_o hereditary_a right_n 2._o and_o this_o be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o considerable_a as_o it_o be_v do_v in_o his_o great_a council_n of_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n earl_n &_o vniversorum_fw-la procerum_fw-la suorum_fw-la a_o word_n of_o a_o large_a signification_n as_o well_o in_o historian_n as_o in_o ancient_a record_n for_o under_o the_o word_n proceres_fw-la be_v comprehend_v principes_fw-la civium_fw-la vel_fw-la civitatis_fw-la and_o the_o former_a instance_n i_o have_v give_v you_o of_o other_o general_a council_n and_o the_o part_n thereof_o in_o this_o king_n reign_n full_o agree_v with_o this_o interpretation_n 3._o the_o claim_n and_o protestation_n of_o the_o commons_o make_v the_o parl._n 2d_o h._n 5._o rot._n parl._n 2._o h._n 5._o pars_fw-la secunda_fw-la n._n 10._o which_o say_v that_o so_o as_o hit_v have_v ever_o be_v their_o liberte_fw-fr and_o freedom_n that_o thar_z shall_v no_o statute_n ne_o law_n be_v make_v of_o lass_n then_o they_o yaffe_v thereto_o their_o assent_n consider_v that_o the_o commune_v of_o your_o lond_n the_o which_o that_o be_v and_o ever_o have_v be_v a_o member_n of_o your_o parliament_n be_v as_o well_o assentir_v as_o petitioner_n and_o which_o be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n and_o so_o become_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v but_o a_o affirmation_n and_o declaration_n of_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o same_o right_n can_v be_v deny_v by_o any_o man_n to_o the_o lord_n 4._o and_o that_o he_o confirm_v as_o the_o custom_n of_o succeed_a king_n have_v do_v to_o this_o day_n all_o the_o possession_n of_o those_o land_n to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n martin_n le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_z the_o confessor_n now_o if_o this_o fond_a notion_n of_o william_n
argumentum_fw-la antinormannicum_a or_o a_o argument_n prove_v from_o ancient_a history_n and_o record_n that_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n make_v no_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o england_n by_o the_o sword_n in_o the_o sense_n of_o our_o modern_a writer_n be_v a_o answer_n to_o these_o four_o question_n viz._n i._o whether_o william_n the_o first_o make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o this_o nation_n at_o his_o first_o entrance_n ii_o whether_o he_o cancel_v and_o abolish_v all_o the_o confessor_n be_v law_n iii_o whether_o he_o divide_v all_o our_o estate_n and_o fortune_n between_o himself_o and_o his_o noble_n iv_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o a_o grand_a error_n to_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v no_o englishman_n in_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n london_n print_v by_o i._n d._n for_o mat._n keinton_n jonath_n robinson_n sam._n sprint_v 1682._o a_o explanation_n of_o the_o frontispiece_n warrant_v by_o the_o authority_n cite_v in_o the_o follow_a argument_n no_o soon_o have_v the_o york_n the_o king_n harold_n victorious_a over_o the_o k._n of_o denmark_n &_o tosta_n harold_n brother_n at_o york_n valiant_a harold_n conquer_v the_o danish_a king_n and_o his_o own_o brother_n the_o dare_a tosta_n but_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o sussex_n he_o william_n d._n of_o normandy_n at_o the_o same_o time_n land_n in_o sussex_n that_o the_o norman_a duke_n be_v arrive_v at_o pemsey_n in_o sussex_n whereupon_o with_o haste_n he_o go_v to_o meet_v he_o and_o at_o âight_a at_o harold_n meet_v he_o at_o hastings_n where_o they_o âight_a hastings_n give_v the_o norman_a battle_n which_o prove_v fatal_a to_o he_o for_o he_o be_v as_o you_o may_v see_v slay_v see_v harold_n slay_v slay_v between_o the_o norman_a long-bow_n and_o english_a spear_n leave_v the_o duke_n victor_n in_o the_o field_n william_n proud_a with_o this_o success_n march_v with_o all_o speed_n up_o to_o berkhamstead_n near_o london_n london_n the_o d._n oome_v up_o to_o london_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o english_a if_o they_o have_v look_v upon_o his_o come_n as_o a_o design_n to_o conquer_v the_o nation_n and_o not_o to_o assert_v his_o pretend_a legal_a title_n against_o harold_n be_v then_o able_a to_o have_v drive_v he_o back_o to_o his_o own_o country_n or_o at_o least_o find_v he_o a_o tumulary_a in_o this_o for_o there_o be_v not_o a_o five_o part_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o nation_n that_o feel_v the_o force_n of_o the_o arm_n but_o duke_n william_n and_o the_o english_a soon_o come_v to_o a_o agreement_n and_o the_o latter_a enter_v into_o solemn_a compact_n to_o make_v he_o king_n king_n enter_v into_o compact_n with_o the_o english_a to_o make_v he_o king_n thereupon_o britannia_fw-la hold_v forth_o to_o he_o the_o sceptre_n with_o one_o hand_n sceptre_n britan._n give_v he_o the_o sceptre_n and_o with_o the_o other_o show_v he_o the_o excellent_a and_o most_o famous_a law_n of_o st._n edward_n keep_v and_o st._n edward_n law_n to_o keep_v as_o also_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o noble_a prelate_n tender_v he_o the_o coronation-oath_n oath_n coronation-oath_n a_o bishop_n tender_v the_o coronation_n oath_n the_o english_z first_o be_v ask_v by_o the_o bishop_n if_o they_o will_v assent_v to_o have_v the_o duke_n their_o king_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v then_o be_v crown_v to_o which_o they_o all_o with_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n answer_v yea_o yea_o whereupon_o he_o take_v the_o coronation-oath_n coronation_n the_o william_n take_v at_o his_o coronation_n the_o sense_n of_o which_o take_v as_o follow_v this_o sceptre_n fair_a queen_n i_o most_o thankful_o receive_v 37._o sacramentum_fw-la willielmi_n seââoris_fw-la ante_fw-la ââstare_fw-la s._n petri_n apostoli_fw-la coram_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la promisit_fw-la se_fw-la velle_fw-la sanctas_fw-la dei_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la ac_fw-la rectores_fw-la earum_fw-la defendere_fw-la necnon_fw-la &_o cunctom_n populum_fw-la sibi_fw-la subjectum_fw-la justè_fw-la ac_fw-la regali_fw-la providentia_fw-la regere_fw-la rectam_fw-la legem_fw-la statuere_fw-la &_o tenere_fw-la rapinas_fw-la in_o justaque_fw-la judicia_fw-la penitùs_fw-la interdicere_fw-la hoveden_n pars_fw-la prior._fw-la fol._n 258._o l._n 14._o exacto_fw-la prius_fw-la coram_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la quod_fw-la se_fw-la modestè_fw-la erga_fw-la subjectos_fw-la ageret_fw-la &_o aequo_fw-la sure_a anglos_n quo_fw-la francos_fw-la tractaret_fw-la malmsb._n lib._n 3._o fol._n 154._o b._n l._n 8._o rex_fw-la pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi pacis_fw-la juravit_fw-la super_fw-la omnes_fw-la reliquias_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la sancti_fw-la albani_n tactisque_fw-la sacrosanctis_fw-la âvangeliâs_fw-la bonas_fw-la &_o approbatas_fw-la antiquas_fw-la regni_fw-la leges_fw-la quas_fw-la sancti_fw-la ac_fw-la pii_fw-la angliae_fw-la reges_fw-la ejus_fw-la antecessores_fw-la &_o maxim_n rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la statuit_fw-la inviolabiliter_fw-la observare_fw-la mat._n paris_n vitæ_fw-la viginti_fw-la trium_fw-la sancti_fw-la albani_n abbatuum_fw-la fol._n 48._o l._n 37._o and_o with_o it_o do_v solemn_o promise_v and_o swear_v to_o govern_v both_o church_n and_o state_n in_o peace_n and_o i_o vow_v to_o rule_v my_o subject_n with_o that_o justice_n and_o prudent_a care_n as_o become_v a_o good_a king_n i_o will_v with_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o my_o great_a council_n enact_v right_a law_n which_o do_v invocation_n do_v the_o invocation_n be_v witness_v all_o you_o saint_n that_o to_o the_o utmost_a of_o my_o power_n i_o will_v myself_o religious_o keep_v and_o observe_v it_o for_o what_o can_v be_v more_o vain_a and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o all_o mankind_n than_o for_o a_o prince_n public_o and_o solemn_o to_o ordain_v a_o law_n and_o the_o next_o moment_n after_o to_o break_v and_o abrogate_v it_o in_o his_o closet_n all_o rapine_n i_o will_v forbid_v and_o all_o false_a judgement_n no_o illegal_a or_o arbitrary_a act_n under_o pretence_n of_o the_o preragative-royal_a will_v i_o suffer_v or_o permit_v to_o the_o oppression_n of_o my_o english_a subject_n between_o who_o and_o my_o norman_n i_o will_v administer_v equal_a right_n and_o that_o god_n angel_n my_o norman_n and_o you_o o_o sacred_a queen_n may_v all_o be_v witness_n and_o party_n to_o the_o sincerity_n of_o my_o heart_n that_o i_o will_v not_o take_v the_o englishmen_n inheritance_n by_o injustice_n or_o thrust_v they_o out_o of_o their_o paternal_a possession_n by_o wrong_n that_o i_o have_v not_o nor_o will_v pretend_v to_o any_o absolute_a or_o despotical_a power_n over_o their_o life_n liberty_n and_o estate_n nor_o violate_v break_v or_o aâter_v the_o fundamental_a right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o tyrant_n do_v who_o only_a design_n to_o enslave_v their_o people_n i_o do_v here_o solemn_o promise_v and_o swear_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o you_o mighty_a power_n inviolable_o to_o observe_v and_o keep_v the_o sacred_a law_n of_o st._n edward_n my_o kinsman_n which_o say_v the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n set_v the_o imperial_a crown_n upon_o william_n head_n and_o thus_o of_o a_o duke_n of_o normandy_n he_o be_v create_v king_n of_o england_n to_o my_o worthy_a friend_n the_o learned_a author_n of_o argumentum_fw-la antinormannicum_a great_a britain_n fair_a queen_n of_o all_o the_o isle_n enrich_v at_o home_n with_o bounteous_a nature_n smile_n thou_o such_o a_o selfsufficiency_n do_v own_o all_o country_n need_v thy_o store_n but_o thou_o want_v none_o divide_v from_o the_o world_n thou_o to_o thyself_o be_v one_o the_o sea_n and_o continent_n proclaim_v thou_o great_a proud_a monarch_n have_v lie_v captive_n at_o thy_o foot_n the_o scale_n of_o the_o western_a world_n be_v in_o thy_o hand_n each_o kingdom_n be_v fate_n depend_v on_o thy_o command_n where_o ever_o thy_o friendship_n and_o thy_o force_n combine_v against_o that_o state_n in_o vain_a the_o rest_n design_n to_o thou_o no_o ill_n from_o foreign_a foe_n can_v come_v the_o base_a and_o more_o dangerous_a be_v at_o home_n no_o desert_n beast_n of_o prey_n thy_o land_n do_v bear_v but_o yet_o worse_a beast_n within_o thy_o bowel_n be_v who_o will_v thy_o right_n and_o ancient_a glory_n tear_v those_o have_v lose_v their_o liberty_n of_o mind_n from_o vanquish_a sire_n a_o weak_a excuse_n will_v find_v be_v these_o thy_o son_n or_o mark_v of_o thy_o disgrace_n who_o own_v themselves_o a_o slavish_a conquer_a race_n the_o norman_a duke_n on_o term_n receive_v the_o crown_n swear_v he_o have_v by_o edward_n law_n support_v his_o throne_n which_o sure_o no_o absolute_a victor_n will_v have_v do_v that_o title_n which_o his_o great_a successor_n have_v come_v from_o the_o pact_n not_o from_o the_o breach_n of_o faith_n that_o give_v the_o bound_n to_o all_o encroach_a may_v and_o set_v the_o bank_n about_o the_o subject_n right_o who_o pull_v they_o down_o let_v we_o in_o a_o rage_a sea_n which_o drown_v and_o swallow_v up_o all_o property_n who_o ere_o attempt_v to_o let_v that_o torrent_n in_o at_o their_o own_o house_n may_v the_o waste_n begin_v let_v they_o for_o other_o till_o
their_o proper_a land_n or_o under_o some_o base_a favourite_n command_v may_v they_o whilst_o other_o riot_n with_o their_o store_n without_o relief_n beg_v at_o their_o native_a door_n under_o their_o country_n curse_n their_o tyrant_n scorn_n may_v they_o with_o never-ceasing_a pang_n be_v tear_v who_o violate_v the_o sacred_a trust_n to_o which_o they_o be_v bear_v but_o blessed_v be_v thou_o and_o all_o who_o dare_v like_v thou_o brave_o assert_v their_o country_n liberty_n our_o well-built_a freedom_n thou_o do_v make_v to_o appear_v and_o its_o foundation_n from_o time_n rubbish_n clear_a the_o norman_a swear_v to_o law_n by_o which_o we_o be_v free_a law_n be_v more_o his_o than_o our_o security_n he_o king_n the_o people_n joint_n consent_v alone_o do_v make_v which_o by_o that_o sacred_a oath_n he_o win_v or_o that_o same_o joint_a consent_n have_v make_v he_o none_o we_o be_v no_o norman_a slave_n nor_o french_a can_v be_v have_v we_o enough_o true_a englishman_n like_o thou_o but_o now_o my_o muse_n before_o you_o end_v take_v care_n humble_o to_o close_v up_o all_o with_o heaven_n in_o prayer_n prayer_n for_o that_o king_n who_o do_v great_a britain_n rule_n who_o of_o this_o isle_n be_v the_o universal_a soul_n in_o who_o so_o many_o glorious_a virtue_n shine_n as_o make_v he_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o race_n divine_a may_v heaven_n continual_o his_o guardian_n prove_v and_o keep_v he_o safe_a in_o all_o his_o subject_n love_v long_o may_v unruffled_a peace_n adorn_v his_o crown_n may_v all_o the_o law_n in_o their_o smooth_a channel_n run_v and_o flow_a justice_n still_o support_v his_o throne_n thus_o blessed_v and_o thus_o unite_v here_o at_o home_n what_o can_v britain_n monarch_n overcome_v oh_o may_v great_a edward_n and_o five_o henry_n soul_n by_o heavenly_a power_n be_v transfuse_v to_o he_o whole_a may_v he_o ride_v mighty_a admiral_n of_o the_o sea_n scourge_v his_o stubborn_a enemy_n into_o peace_n his_o envy_v neighbour_n all_o their_o power_n disow_v strike_v to_o his_o flag_n and_o tremble_v at_o his_o frown_n and_o the_o humble_a world_n be_v glad_a to_o pay_v he_o fear_n and_o awful_a veneration_n every_o where_n that_o this_o may_v be_v may_v the_o illustrious_a senate_n of_o the_o land_n with_o their_o wise_a council_n ever_o by_o he_o stand_v he_o please_v in_o they_o and_o they_o resolve_v to_o show_v what_o the_o utmost_a stretch_n of_o loyalty_n can_v do_v then_o will_v his_o glory_n shine_v in_o bright_a state_n at_o the_o head_n of_o such_o a_o joint_a triumvirate_n then_o king_n and_o people_n double_o will_v be_v blessed_v and_o europe_n then_o enjoy_v a_o last_a rest._n for_o this_o let_v all_o our_o vow_n to_o heav'en_o be_v send_v to_o see_v great_a charles_n happy_a in_o his_o parliament_n argumentum_fw-la antinormannicum_a sir_n you_o be_v please_v some_o time_n since_o in_o my_o happiness_n of_o a_o short_a but_o free_a conversation_n with_o you_o to_o tell_v i_o you_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o read_v how_o far_o i_o can_v give_v you_o satisfaction_n in_o a_o few_o point_n you_o have_v raise_v to_o yourself_o concern_v the_o norman_a conquest_n and_o that_o within_o a_o little_a while_o i_o shall_v have_v a_o paper_n from_o you_o wherein_o they_o shall_v be_v contain_v you_o be_v not_o long_o sir_n in_o just_o acquit_v yourself_o of_o your_o promise_n to_o i_o i_o do_v receive_v the_o furniture_n of_o these_o ensue_a argument_n by_o the_o four_o question_n you_o send_v i_o and_o hope_v there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v find_v in_o they_o but_o unbiased_a and_o venerable_a truth_n which_o sure_o none_o will_v be_v offend_v to_o hear_v i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o pay_v all_o possible_a respect_n to_o you_o and_o to_o justice_n and_o as_o far_o as_o my_o ability_n can_v reach_v in_o so_o small_a a_o treatise_n have_v impartial_o offer_v my_o thought_n upon_o they_o and_o now_o beg_v your_o candour_n in_o judge_v i_o your_o question_n sir_n be_v these_o the_o first_o question_n i._o whether_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v afterward_o william_n the_o first_o get_v the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n by_o the_o sword_n and_o make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o the_o nation_n at_o his_o first_o entrance_n the_o second_o question_n ii_o whether_o this_o first_o william_n do_v abolish_v all_o the_o english_a law_n and_o change_v the_o whole_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n the_o three_o question_n iii_o whether_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o english_a have_v neither_o estate_n nor_o fortune_n leave_v but_o all_o be_v divide_v between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o norman_n the_o four_o question_n iv_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o a_o grand_a error_n to_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v no_o english_a man_n in_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n i_o shall_v take_v they_o sir_n in_o the_o order_n you_o have_v send_v they_o to_o i_o and_o so_o first_o begin_v with_o your_o first_o question_n the_o first_o question_n whether_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v afterward_o william_n the_o first_o get_v the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n by_o the_o sword_n and_o make_v a_o margin_n a_o for_o england_n thus_o much_o i_o dare_v speak_v and_o under_o the_o rule_n of_o modesty_n protest_v that_o sithence_o the_o universal_a conquest_n of_o william_n who_o first_o command_v and_o impose_v tribute_n upon_o this_o land_n for_o conqueror_n may_v command_v tribute_n and_o subsidy_n have_v be_v as_o just_o both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n pay_v in_o england_n as_o in_o jewry_n yea_o and_o just_o continue_v as_o a_o remembrance_n of_o a_o conquest_n dr._n pulbec_n pandect_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n c._n 10._o p._n 69._o one_o blackwood_n write_v a_o book_n which_o conclude_v that_o we_o be_v all_o slave_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o conquest_n vid._n mr._n petyâ_n misc._n parl._n p._n 66._o and_o tâ_n be_v position_n be_v maintain_v by_o a_o anonymous_n author_n in_o his_o full_a and_o clear_a answer_n to_o mr._n petyâ's_n ancient_n right_o of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n assert_v pag._n 35._o in_o the_o margin_n absolute_a conquest_n of_o the_o nation_n at_o his_o first_o entrance_n as_o you_o have_v state_v the_o question_n sir_n and_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o be_v my_o opinion_n of_o it_o with_o submission_n to_o other_o better_o inform_v and_o who_o be_v more_o able_a to_o maintain_v the_o truth_n of_o those_o principle_n i_o proceed_v upon_o than_o myself_o i_o shall_v return_v you_o this_o modest_a answer_n as_o my_o sense_n and_o judgement_n in_o the_o point_n viz._n that_o i_o can_v conclude_v in_o the_o affirmative_a for_o these_o several_a constrain_a reason_n 1._o that_o william_n lay_v a_o far_o great_a stress_n upon_o his_o claim_n and_o title_n to_o this_o kingdom_n than_o ever_o he_o do_v upon_o his_o great_a and_o mighty_a conquest_n will_v be_v very_o plain_a and_o evident_a if_o you_o please_v but_o to_o consider_v with_o i_o these_o follow_v particular_n 1._o in_o that_o before_o his_o conquest_n when_o the_o people_n have_v choose_v harold_n the_o son_n of_o earl_n godwin_n for_o their_o king_n after_o the_o death_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o have_v put_v aside_o edgar_n atheling_n by_o right_a of_o blood_n and_o inheritance_n entitle_v to_o the_o crown_n this_o norman_a duke_n make_v his_o loud_a complaint_n of_o the_o injury_n do_v he_o in_o not_o elect_v he_o for_o he_o be_v william_n be_v edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v son_n to_o egeââed_v k._n of_o england_n by_o emma_n sister_n to_o rich._n â_o duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o be_v grandfather_n to_o duke_n william_n so_o that_o k_o edward_n and_o duke_n william_n be_v cousin_n germane_a once_o remove_v as_o this_o far_a show_v you_o richard_n 1_o richard_z 2._o emma_n robert_n edward_n william_n cousin_n german_n to_o the_o confessor_n who_o die_v she_o die_v edward_n marry_v edith_n the_o daughter_n of_o e._n godwin_n but_o whether_o upon_o a_o vow_n of_o chastity_n or_o upon_o impotency_n of_o nature_n or_o upon_o any_o hatred_n to_o her_o father_n or_o suspicion_n against_o herself_o for_o all_o these_o cause_n be_v allege_v by_o several_a writer_n of_o those_o time_n he_o forbear_v all_o private_a familiarity_n with_o she_o without_o issue_n and_o therefore_o pretend_v that_o the_o right_n true_o devolve_v upon_o he_o but_o it_o seem_v as_o ill_a luck_n will_v have_v it_o this_o duke_n they_o know_v to_o be_v a_o bastard_n and_o neither_o the_o saxon_a law_n nor_o the_o norman_a custom_n can_v help_v he_o in_o such_o a_o case_n and_o so_o that_o title_n do_v he_o but_o little_a good_a well_o what_o therefore_o be_v to_o be_v his_o next_o work_n why_o 2._o true_o his_o pretence_n be_v then_o that_o the_o confessor_n have_v design_v he_o for_o his_o successor_n 96._o
mat._n paris_n 1._o antiq_fw-la brit._n eccles._n 96._o and_o by_o his_o last_o will_n have_v bequeath_v this_o kingdom_n to_o he_o and_o this_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o principal_o of_o harold_n himself_n and_o hereupon_o consider_v how_o harold_n have_v trick_v he_o and_o set_v the_o crown_n on_o his_o own_o head_n he_o send_v over_o several_a ambassador_n with_o commission_n to_o require_v he_o to_o remember_v the_o oath_n he_o have_v former_o make_v to_o the_o say_v william_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o extremity_n when_o he_o be_v his_o prisoner_n in_o normandy_n which_o be_v that_o he_o the_o say_a harold_n shall_v assist_v he_o in_o the_o obtain_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n if_o ever_o edward_n die_v without_o issue_n 3._o and_o receive_v but_o unkind_a return_v from_o harold_n 25â_n wil._n mâlmesb_n ãâã_d 3._o fol._n 56._o l._n 25â_n by_o way_n of_o answer_n to_o his_o demand_n which_o thus_o the_o historian_n relate_v de_fw-fr regno_fw-la addebat_fw-la praesumptuosum_fw-la fsuisse_fw-la quòd_fw-la absque_fw-la generali_fw-la senatus_n &_o populi_n conventu_fw-la &_o edicto_fw-la alienam_fw-la illi_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la juraverit_fw-la that_o as_o for_o he_o to_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o deliver_v up_o the_o inheritance_n of_o any_o realm_n without_o the_o general_a consentand_fw-mi allowance_n parliament_n allowance_n that_o be_v without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o wittenagemot_n mycel_n synod_n or_o parliament_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n can_v not_o but_o be_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o presumption_n yea_o although_o he_o may_v have_v just_a title_n so_o to_o do_v 30._o do_v praeterea_fw-la iniquum_fw-la postulat_fw-la ut_fw-la imperio_fw-la decedat_fw-la quod_fw-la tanto_fw-la favore_fw-la civium_fw-la regendum_fw-la susceperit_fw-la malmsb._n l._n 3._o f._n 56._o l._n 30._o wherefore_o it_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a request_n of_o the_o duke_n now_o to_o require_v he_o to_o renounce_v the_o kingdom_n in_o which_o he_o be_v so_o well_o settle_v to_o the_o good_a like_n and_o content_n of_o his_o people_n this_o norman_a duke_n not_o to_o be_v his_o own_o judge_n refer_v himself_o to_o the_o pope_n than_o alexander_n the_o second_o to_o decide_v the_o matter_n and_o so_o resolve_v that_o the_o infallible_a chair_n shall_v determine_v who_o have_v the_o just_a title_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n harold_n or_o himself_o and_o the_o good_a old_a gentleman_n who_o will_v not_o be_v behindhand_o with_o he_o in_o civility_n for_o so_o great_a a_o kindness_n as_o be_v the_o appeal_n to_o he_o and_o so_o flatter_v he_o with_o a_o judicatory_a power_n over_o prince_n easy_o be_v induce_v to_o pronounce_v sentence_n on_o william_n behalf_n but_o all_o these_o bluster_a pretence_n of_o nearness_n in_o blood_n which_o it_o seem_v his_o son_n henry_n think_v to_o be_v the_o best_a flower_n in_o his_o garland_n when_o he_o bishopric_n he_o in_o his_o charter_n whereby_o he_o advance_v the_o abbey_n of_o ely_n into_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o bishopric_n call_v himself_o the_o son_n of_o william_n the_o great_a pray_v sir_n be_v please_v to_o observe_v it_o be_v not_o of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n qui_fw-la edwardo_n regi_fw-la haereditario_fw-la jure_fw-la successit_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la 39_o seldeni_n ad_fw-la eadmerum_fw-la &_o notae_fw-la &_o spicileg_n fol._n 211._o lin_v 39_o who_o succeed_v to_o king_n edward_n in_o the_o kingdom_n by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n or_o the_o confessor_n bequest_n of_o the_o crown_n to_o he_o or_o last_o the_o pope_n definitive_a sentence_n in_o william_n favour_n all_o these_o bluster_a pretence_n of_o he_o i_o say_v avail_v but_o little_a with_o harold_n and_o therefore_o you_o must_v think_v it_o can_v not_o but_o incense_v the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n very_o great_o so_o that_o he_o have_v now_o a_o just_a cause_n of_o open_a quarrel_n against_o harold_n for_o the_o reason_n you_o have_v hear_v and_o thereupon_o conven_a his_o parliament_n or_o assembly_n of_o three_o estate_n which_o consist_v of_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n dignity_n nobility_n be_v take_v in_o france_n for_o gentleman_n as_o well_o as_o for_o earl_n or_o person_n of_o like_a dignity_n and_o commons_o 173._o vââstegan's_n restitution_n of_o decay_a intelligence_n in_o antiquity_n dedicate_v to_o king_n james_n pag._n 173._o the_o nobility_n in_o fine_a promise_v to_o serve_v he_o and_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n to_o aid_v he_o with_o money_n according_a to_o their_o several_a ability_n and_o such_o offer_v as_o they_o make_v be_v forthwith_o set_v down_o in_o write_v by_o a_o secretary_n there_o present_a so_o that_o be_v thus_o supply_v and_o assist_v with_o several_a other_o of_o his_o friend_n he_o make_v for_o england_n and_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v at_o a_o place_n in_o sussex_n call_v pevenessey_n now_o pemsey_n and_o get_v well_o on_o land_n but_o by_o his_o proclamation_n he_o declare_v upon_o what_o occasion_n he_o thus_o enter_v the_o realm_n and_o so_o prepare_v to_o give_v harold_n battle_n he_o hereby_o seem_v as_o if_o he_o will_v have_v all_o the_o world_n to_o know_v his_o quarrel_n be_v more_o personal_a than_o national_a but_o this_o i_o will_v speak_v more_o particular_o and_o large_o to_o when_o i_o come_v to_o mention_v some_o of_o the_o charter_n he_o make_v after_o he_o be_v establish_v king_n and_o as_o perjury_n seldom_o or_o never_o escape_v unpunished_a so_o here_o be_v a_o visible_a instance_n of_o the_o divine_a justice_n upon_o harold_n for_o his_o breach_n of_o oath_n and_o covenant_n to_o the_o duke_n for_o in_o the_o battle_n of_o hastings_n he_o meet_v with_o his_o reward_n lose_v both_o his_o crown_n and_o his_o life_n at_o once_o and_o leave_v william_n to_o finish_v the_o day_n with_o victory_n over_o those_o that_o be_v yet_o resolve_v to_o dispute_v the_o cause_n with_o he_o and_o now_o be_v rid_v of_o his_o stubborn_a enemy_n and_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o chase_n get_v to_o london_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o kingdom_n which_o he_o pretend_v be_v his_o own_o by_o right_o before_o from_o the_o title_n we_o have_v already_o mention_v yet_o however_o it_o be_v in_o no_o such_o haughty_a and_o insult_a way_n as_o many_o boast_n of_o and_o will_v glad_o have_v their_o unwary_a reader_n to_o believe_v upon_o their_o bare_a credit_n and_o testimony_n but_o he_o choose_v the_o more_o grateful_a and_o comply_a artifices_fw-la of_o a_o courtier_n and_o settle_a himself_o in_o it_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o mutual_a agreement_n and_o express_v compact_v as_o now_o i_o hope_v will_v be_v clear_o demonstrate_v by_o what_o i_o shall_v offer_v to_o you_o after_o this_o his_o pretend_v absolute_a conquest_n for_o 1._o though_o he_o be_v victorious_a over_o his_o great_a adversary_n harold_n yet_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o absolute_a conqueror_n as_o have_v be_v of_o late_a so_o vigorous_o assert_v by_o our_o modern_a writer_n what_o urgent_a necessity_n be_v there_o for_o he_o or_o how_o do_v it_o stand_v he_o in_o such_o mighty_a stead_n still_o to_o keep_v himself_o arm_v with_o the_o aforesaid_a title_n that_o so_o he_o may_v have_v the_o more_o colourable_a pretence_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n on_o his_o side_n in_o lay_v a_o legal_a claim_n to_o this_o imperial_a crown_n for_o methinks_v if_o he_o have_v a_o full_a possession_n upon_o such_o a_o forcible_a entry_n as_o be_v pretend_v this_o have_v be_v a_o strong_a title_n than_o any_o thing_n else_o he_o can_v have_v allege_v for_o how_o can_v or_o dare_v a_o vanquish_a enslave_v nation_n dispute_v with_o he_o when_o he_o ride_v triumph_v on_o their_o back_n and_o have_v lash_v they_o into_o a_o entire_a submission_n of_o vassalage_n but_o 2._o let_v we_o see_v the_o manner_n of_o this_o first_o king_n william_n coronation_n and_o whether_o or_o no_o he_o do_v not_o take_v a_o oath_n at_o the_o same_o time_n which_o be_v in_o sense_n and_o substance_n if_o not_o just_a in_o the_o word_n themselves_o the_o very_a same_o with_o that_o which_o the_o ancient_a saxon_a king_n use_v likewise_o to_o take_v upon_o their_o coronation_n and_o for_o your_o full_a satisfaction_n herein_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o the_o parallel_n of_o they_o both_o together_o and_o begin_v first_o with_o the_o oath_n of_o either_o king_n edward_n 62._o in_o aquavitae_fw-la aelfâedi_fw-la magni_fw-la fol._n 62._o or_o king_n ethelred_n for_o dunstan_n crown_v both_o of_o they_o at_o kingston_n about_o the_o year_n 970._o 970._o promissio_fw-la regis_fw-la vel_fw-la edvardi_fw-la vel_fw-la aethelredi_fw-la utrumque_fw-la enim_fw-la dunstanus_fw-la kingstoniae_fw-la coronavit_fw-la circa_fw-la ann._n 970._o this_o writing_n dictaret_fw-la hoc_fw-la scripto_fw-la de_fw-la litera_fw-la ad_fw-la literam_fw-la descriptum_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la scriptum_fw-la illud_fw-la quod_fw-la dunstanus_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la tradebat_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la kingstoniae_fw-la ipso_fw-la illo_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la consecratus_fw-la erat_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la
of_o the_o realm_n this_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n 69._o cite_v in_o white_n be_v sacred_a law_n p._n 69._o or_o land_n be_v look_v upon_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o these_o parliament_n as_o 1._o as_o 27._o e._n 1._o the_o law_n of_o ancient_a time_n 3._o time_n 25._o e._n 3._o of_o old_a time_n use_v and_o 3._o and_o 42._o e._n 3._o the_o old_a law_n who_o age_n make_v it_o the_o more_o venerable_a and_o give_v a_o addition_n of_o honour_n to_o it_o well_o have_v thus_o show_v you_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o and_o give_v you_o the_o solemn_a oath_n he_o at_o the_o same_o time_n take_v even_o before_o his_o consecration_n that_o so_o he_o may_v give_v all_o possible_a satisfaction_n to_o the_o english_a of_o his_o resolve_v to_o rule_v according_o and_o also_o have_v make_v it_o plain_a that_o it_o be_v the_o same_o in_o substance_n with_o that_o the_o ancient_a saxon_n take_v before_o he_o i_o shall_v now_o descend_v brief_o to_o set_v before_o you_o some_o of_o his_o own_o charter_n as_o likewise_o some_o of_o william_n the_o second_v and_o of_o henry_n the_o first_o be_v his_o child_n and_o succeed_a king_n and_o from_o they_o evidence_n to_o you_o i_o hope_v demonstrable_o that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o his_o conquest_n he_o rely_v upon_o when_o he_o be_v settle_v in_o this_o imperial_a throne_n as_o his_o claim_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n jure_fw-la hereditario_fw-la by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n and_o for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o be_v please_v to_o accept_v of_o these_o ensue_a instance_n 1._o in_o nomine_fw-la patris_fw-la 4._o carta_n antiqua_fw-la litera_fw-la d._n n._n 4._o &_o filii_fw-la &_o spiritus_fw-la sancti_fw-la amen_o ego_fw-la willielmus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la haereditario_fw-la jure_fw-la factus_fw-la 2._o in_o nomine_fw-la patris_fw-la inspex_fw-la carta_n 4._o e._n 4._o m._n 27._o per_fw-la inspex_fw-la &_o filii_fw-la &_o spiritus_fw-la sancti_fw-la amen_o ego_fw-la willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la haereditario_fw-la jure_fw-la factus_fw-la 3._o in_o nomine_fw-la sanctae_fw-la &_o individuae_fw-la trinitatis_fw-la 317._o monast._n anglican_n vol._n 1._o fol._n 317._o ego_fw-la willielmus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la notum_fw-la facere_fw-la omnibus_fw-la tam_fw-la posteris_fw-la quam_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la âidelibus_fw-la francis_n &_o anglis_fw-la quod_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o angliam_fw-la venissem_fw-la &_o in_o sinibus_fw-la hasting_n cum_fw-la excercitu_fw-la applicuisâem_fw-la contra_fw-la host_n meos_fw-la qui_fw-la mihi_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la injustè_fw-fr conabatur_fw-la auferre_fw-la 4._o in_o ore_fw-la gladii_fw-la say_v william_n the_o first_o be_v charter_n 483._o carta_n westmper_fw-la inspex_fw-la 1._o e._n 4._o parte_fw-la septima_fw-la m._n 26._o mr._n seld._n review_n p._n 483._o regnum_fw-la adeptus_fw-la sum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la devicto_fw-la haroldo_n rege_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la complicibus_fw-la qui_fw-la mihi_fw-la regnum_fw-la cum_fw-la providentia_fw-la dei_fw-la destinatum_fw-la &_o beneficio_fw-la concessionis_fw-la domini_fw-la &_o cognati_fw-la mei_fw-la gloriosi_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la concessum_fw-la conati_fw-la sunt_fw-la auferre_fw-la etc._n etc._n come_v we_o now_o to_o his_o second_o son_n william_n rufus_n 5._o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la 352._o carta_n regis_fw-la willielmi_n rusi_n vide_fw-la monast._n anglican_n vol._n 1._o fol._n 352._o willielmo_n vicecomiti_fw-la filio_fw-la baldewini_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-la &_o ministris_fw-la qui_fw-la habitant_fw-la in_o devonescira_n salutem_fw-la notifico_fw-la vobis_fw-la quod_fw-la mea_fw-la condonatione_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la beati_fw-la olavi_n regis_fw-la &_o martyris_fw-la à _fw-la monachis_fw-la belli_fw-la aedificata_fw-la in_fw-la honore_fw-la beati_fw-la nicholai_n quam_fw-la cum_fw-la omni_fw-la terra_fw-la quae_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ad_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la suprascripti_fw-la martyris_fw-la meo_fw-la privilegio_fw-la videlicet_fw-la literis_fw-la &_o sigillo_fw-la liberam_fw-la facere_fw-la &_o ita_fw-la liberam_fw-la &_o quietam_fw-la per_fw-la omne_fw-la cum_fw-la saca_fw-la &_o soca_fw-la &_o thol_a &_o theme_n &_o infangenetheof_o &_o warpeni_fw-la &_o murdro_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la consuetudinibus_fw-la &_o operibus_fw-la &_o auxiliis_fw-la sicut_fw-la pater_fw-la meus_fw-la liberam_fw-la fecit_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la sancti_fw-la martini_n de_fw-la bello_fw-la ubi_fw-la hostem_fw-la devicit_fw-la &_o ubi_fw-la coronam_fw-la regni_fw-la haereditariam_fw-la sibi_fw-la bellando_fw-la adquisivit_fw-la t._n walchelino_n wintoniensi_fw-la episcopo_fw-la &_o rogero_n bigot_n apud_fw-la wintoniam_fw-la from_o william_n rufus_n proceed_v we_o to_o his_o brother_n henry_n the_o first_o and_o say_v he_o 6._o in_o nomine_fw-la sanctae_fw-la &_o individuae_fw-la trinitatis_fw-la 95._o exit_fw-la hist._n eliensis_n eccles._n m._n s._n in_o bibl._n bodleana_n inter_fw-la codices_fw-la cant._n i._n 58._o lib._n 3_o fol_z 2._o a._n monast._n anglican_n vol_n 1._o fol._n 95._o patris_fw-la &_o filii_fw-la &_o spiritus_fw-la sancti_fw-la anno_fw-la incarnationis_fw-la dominicae_fw-la mcviii_o indictione_n ..._o anno_fw-la vero_fw-la pontificatus_fw-la domini_fw-la paschalis_n papae_fw-la secundi_fw-la â_o regni_n quoque_fw-la mei_fw-la similiter_fw-la â_o ego_fw-la henricus_fw-la providente_fw-la divina_fw-la clementia_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la &_o normannorum_fw-la dux_n willielmi_n magni_fw-la regis_fw-la filius_fw-la qui_fw-la edwardo_n regi_fw-la haereditario_fw-la jure_fw-la successit_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la etc._n etc._n 7._o again_o 845._o monast._n anglican_n vol._n 2._o fol_z 845._o ego_fw-la henricus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la filius_fw-la magni_fw-la regis_fw-la willielmi_n qui_fw-la beatae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la edwardo_n in_o regnum_fw-la successit_fw-la 8._o to_o give_v you_o one_o charter_n more_o aurati_fw-la exit_fw-la ms._n domini_fw-la rogeri_n owen_n equit._n aurati_fw-la the_o word_n of_o that_o of_o henry_n the_o first_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n be_v pro_fw-la memoria_fw-la edwardi_fw-la cognati_fw-la mei_fw-la qui_fw-la patrem_fw-la meum_fw-la liberosque_fw-la illius_fw-la in_o regnum_fw-la suum_fw-la adoptivos_fw-la haeredes_fw-la instituit_fw-la and_o thus_o have_v i_o give_v you_o as_o it_o be_v a_o threefold_a cord_n not_o easy_o to_o be_v snap_v asunder_o to_o bind_v hard_o my_o assertion_n and_o to_o convince_v those_o who_o will_v not_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v overrun_v by_o a_o obstinate_a prejudice_n or_o captivate_v by_o a_o bias_v interest_n that_o our_o first_o william_n when_o he_o come_v in_o gain_v not_o such_o a_o absolute_a victory_n as_o be_v pretend_v over_o this_o nation_n for_o when_o he_o come_v in_o he_o have_v not_o subdue_v the_o five_o part_n of_o it_o but_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o election_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n and_o foedus_fw-la pepigit_fw-la he_o make_v a_o solemn_a covenant_n with_o the_o english_a to_o observe_v and_o keep_v those_o law_n which_o be_v bonae_fw-la &_o approbatae_fw-la &_o antiquae_fw-la leges_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o this_o sir_n be_v what_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v clear_o to_o make_v out_o to_o you_o in_o my_o answer_n to_o your_o second_o question_n the_o second_o question_n whether_o this_o first_o william_n do_v abolish_v all_o the_o english_a law_n 2._o quest._n 2._o and_o change_v the_o whole_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n and_o doubtless_o not_o for_o as_o my_o lord_n coke_n say_v report_n lord_n coke_n preface_n to_o his_o 8_o report_n the_o ground_n of_o our_o common_a law_n at_o this_o day_n be_v beyond_o the_o memory_n or_o register_n of_o any_o beginning_n albani_n exit_fw-la vitâ_fw-la abbatis_fw-la sancti_fw-la albani_n and_o the_o same_o which_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n then_o find_v within_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o those_o law_n he_o swear_v to_o observe_v which_o be_v good_a approve_a and_o ancient_a now_o that_o these_o be_v only_o his_o norwegian_a law_n sure_o none_o can_v or_o aught_o to_o believe_v after_o they_o have_v thorough_o examine_v these_o plain_a truth_n which_o i_o shall_v here_o offer_v to_o their_o fair_a perusal_n 1._o if_o they_o please_v to_o consider_v what_o be_v the_o title_n of_o the_o law_n call_v the_o law_n of_o king_n william_n the_o first_o publish_v by_o mr._n selden_n with_o his_o learned_a note_n upon_o eadmer_n and_o since_o with_o the_o saxon_a law_n why_o true_o the_o title_n be_v plain_o this_o these_o be_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n which_o william_n the_o king_n grant_v to_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o england_n after_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o land_n 173._o âelden_a ad_fw-la eadmerum_fw-la fol._n 173._o these_o be_v those_o which_o the_o â_z edward_n his_o cousin_n hold_v before_o he_o luy_fw-fr ce_fw-fr sont_fw-fr les_fw-fr leis_n &_o les_fw-fr custumes_n que_fw-fr li_n reis_n william_n grantut_v a_o tut_o le_fw-fr peuple_n de_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr apres_fw-fr le_fw-fr conquest_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr ice_n les_fw-fr meâsmes_n que_fw-fr le_fw-fr reis_n edward_n sun_n cousin_n tint_v devant_fw-fr luy_fw-fr in_o these_o law_n recite_v by_o hoveden_n in_o the_o life_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o king_n edward_n law_n be_v confirm_v in_o these_o word_n this_o we_o command_v that_o
a_o form_n of_o combination_n as_o he_o himself_o can_v not_o desire_v to_o introduce_v a_o better_a and_o if_o any_o thing_n look_v like_o absolute_a it_o be_v his_o disarm_v they_o when_o he_o find_v they_o thus_o law-bound_a hand_n and_o foot_n from_o this_o authority_n sir_n i_o think_v it_o be_v very_o plain_a and_o obvious_a that_o i._o here_o be_v no_o absolute_a conquest_n ii_o that_o neither_o be_v all_o the_o saxon_a law_n cancel_v and_o abolish_v by_o the_o come_n in_o of_o this_o conqueror_n i._o that_o here_o be_v no_o absolute_a conquest_n because_o 1._o though_o here_o be_v a_o invade_a england_n yet_o it_o be_v upon_o pretence_n of_o a_o donation_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n from_o edward_n the_o confessor_n confirm_v by_o his_o last_o will_n and_o that_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o most_o of_o the_o english_a nobility_n and_o so_o it_o be_v only_o a_o endeavour_n to_o get_v his_o own_o upon_o the_o claim_n of_o a_o allege_a just_a title_n which_o show_v he_o have_v at_o least_o more_o reason_n to_o demand_v than_o harold_n who_o at_o best_a be_v a_o usurper_n to_o detain_v the_o crown_n and_o so_o the_o quarrel_n to_o be_v more_o personal_a than_o national_a 2._o the_o conquest_n can_v not_o be_v absolute_a for_o though_o he_o be_v by_o a_o happy_a success_n over_o harold_n possessor_n of_o the_o english_a throne_n yet_o say_v my_o author_n the_o nation_n continue_v nescia_fw-la vinci_fw-la so_o that_o whenever_o he_o be_v tyrannical_a and_o arbitrary_a they_o be_v continual_o vex_v he_o with_o their_o revolt_v 3._o this_o conquest_n can_v not_o be_v absolute_a because_o then_o the_o english_a must_v have_v be_v perfect_a slave_n and_o vassal_n to_o his_o uncontrollable_a beck_n but_o alas_o here_o sir_n winston_n tell_v you_o the_o norman_a conqueror_n can_v find_v they_o no_o such_o easy_a beast_n of_o burden_n their_o neck_n will_v not_o bear_v the_o yoke_n of_o his_o severity_n for_o they_o be_v several_a time_n up_o in_o arm_n against_o he_o and_o that_o after_o they_o have_v submit_v to_o he_o so_o that_o at_o most_o this_o can_v be_v but_o a_o submission_n upon_o term_n 4._o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v in_o love_n with_o the_o gawdy_a name_n of_o conqueror_n that_o when_o some_o that_o design_v to_o preoccupate_v the_o grace_n of_o servitude_n give_v he_o that_o ungrateful_a title_n he_o esteem_v it_o the_o great_a misfortune_n his_o good_a fortune_n have_v bring_v upon_o he_o and_o 5._o the_o conquest_n sure_o can_v not_o be_v absolute_a for_o than_o it_o will_v have_v be_v very_o idle_a and_o ridiculous_a for_o any_o one_o to_o say_v what_o sir_n winston_n no_o doubt_n but_o upon_o good_a and_o mature_a consideration_n have_v think_v fit_a to_o say_v of_o he_o that_o if_o any_o thing_n look_v like_o absolute_a and_o hereby_o you_o may_v plain_o take_v notice_n that_o he_o seem_v to_o wonder_v how_o any_o man_n can_v pretend_v to_o make_v he_o a_o absolute_a conqueror_n when_o he_o can_v hardly_o find_v so_o much_o as_o any_o thing_n to_o look_v like_o it_o but_o ii_o i_o shall_v observe_v to_o you_o that_o neither_o be_v all_o the_o saxon_a law_n cancel_v and_o abolish_v by_o the_o come_n in_o of_o this_o conqueror_n 1._o if_o king_n william_n may_v have_v do_v despotical_o whatsoever_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o then_o what_o necessity_n be_v there_o for_o such_o a_o moderation_n of_o his_o mind_n as_o the_o author_n hint_n to_o we_o 2._o because_o he_o find_v the_o people_n be_v not_o to_o be_v gall_v with_o any_o new_a he_o choose_v rather_o but_o it_o be_v a_o choice_n upon_o necessity_n to_o bind_v they_o strict_a to_o he_o by_o the_o old_a law_n that_o be_v in_o plain_a downright_a english_a they_o will_v not_o yield_v to_o he_o nor_o to_o his_o government_n unless_o he_o resolve_v to_o circumscribe_v his_o rule_n of_o they_o within_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o good_a old_a law_n in_o which_o they_o be_v bear_v and_o breed_v and_o make_v his_o french_a and_o norman_n come_v over_o and_o buckle_v to_o they_o 3._o he_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v so_o far_o conquer_v by_o they_o as_o to_o let_v they_o have_v their_o old_a law_n and_o it_o be_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o good_a satisfaction_n too_o for_o 4._o the_o book_n tell_v you_o he_o content_o bind_v himself_o up_o by_o those_o which_o they_o call_v st._n edward_n law_n and_o be_v there_o not_o do_v you_o think_v very_o good_a reason_n for_o his_o so_o do_v when_o thereby_o 5._o he_o understand_v at_o length_n that_o it_o be_v a_o guard_v his_o prerogative_n to_o keep_v within_o that_o citadel_n of_o the_o burrow_n law_n 6._o and_o last_o we_o can_v rational_o think_v he_o will_v after_o he_o have_v thereby_o thorough_o look_v into_o they_o cancel_v and_o abolish_v they_o since_o those_o law_n be_v such_o as_o it_o be_v say_v he_o himself_o can_v not_o desire_v to_o introduce_v a_o better_a i_o hope_v sir_n all_o these_o deduction_n arise_v natural_o from_o the_o word_n themselves_o without_o any_o force_n or_o strain_n upon_o the_o sense_n and_o what_o i_o have_v say_v may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o convince_v you_o that_o king_n william_n still_o keep_v to_o the_o saxon_a law_n and_o do_v not_o change_v the_o whole_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n as_o you_o say_v be_v very_o strenuous_o and_o with_o heat_n assert_v by_o several_a of_o our_o modern_a author_n i_o shall_v yet_o make_v bold_a with_o your_o patience_n sir_n and_o show_v you_o what_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n a_o famous_a historian_n in_o king_n stephen_n time_n and_o brompton_n from_o he_o say_v upon_o this_o point_n and_o so_o conclude_v my_o argument_n henricus_fw-la primus_fw-la omnes_fw-la malas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la &_o injustas_fw-la exactiones_fw-la quibus_fw-la regnum_fw-la angliae_fw-la injustè_fw-fr opprimebatur_fw-la abstulit_fw-la 650._o âoren_n wig._n fol._n 650._o pacem_fw-la firmam_fw-la in_o toto_fw-la regno_fw-la svo_fw-la posuit_fw-la &_o teneri_fw-la praecepit_fw-la legem_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la omnibus_fw-la in_o common_a reddidit_fw-la cum_fw-la illis_fw-la emendationibus_fw-la quibus_fw-la pater_fw-la suus_fw-la illam_fw-la emendavit_fw-la brompton_n word_n be_v the_o same_o 998._o in_o hen._n 1._o fol._n 997_o 998._o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v content_v myself_o with_o only_o refer_v you_o to_o the_o book_n without_o repeat_v they_o to_o you_o and_o sir_n from_o hence_o we_o may_v learn_v 1._o that_o this_o king_n henry_n father_n william_n the_o first_o be_v so_o far_o from_o cancel_v and_o abolish_n k._n edward_n law_n that_o he_o make_v they_o to_o be_v the_o common_a stand_a law_n of_o the_o land_n to_o be_v equal_o and_o inviolable_o observe_v as_o well_o by_o the_o norman_n as_o the_o english_a for_o he_o say_v omnibus_fw-la cam_fw-la in_o common_a reddidit_fw-la unless_o you_o will_v understand_v the_o word_n omnibus_fw-la to_o be_v a_o particular_a universal_a and_o so_o only_o to_o include_v the_o norman_n and_o if_o so_o than_o it_o follow_v likewise_o that_o instead_o of_o the_o norman_n give_v to_o the_o english_a their_o law_n the_o english_a law_n be_v impose_v upon_o the_o norman_n 2._o and_o whereas_o there_o be_v it_o be_v confess_v some_o additional_a law_n make_v in_o his_o time_n yet_o you_o may_v plain_o observe_v hence_o that_o they_o be_v ground_v upon_o and_o but_o a_o better_a improvement_n and_o melioration_n of_o the_o confessor_n law_n and_o they_o be_v for_o the_o sake_n benefit_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o english_a as_o you_o will_v find_v hereafter_o 3._o henry_n the_o first_o son_n to_o this_o conqueror_n william_n take_v away_o omnes_fw-la malas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la &_o injustas_fw-la exactiones_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o which_o england_n have_v be_v sore_o oppress_v under_o his_o brother_n william_n rufus_n and_o restore_v the_o english_a to_o their_o former_a right_n and_o liberty_n and_o he_o renew_v and_o confirm_v the_o ancient_a saxon_a law_n as_o his_o father_n have_v do_v before_o he_o as_o it_o be_v well_o note_v in_o the_o continuation_n of_o the_o history_n of_o bede_n 347._o bede_n histor._n lib._n 3._o cap._n 30._o fol._n 347._o in_o concilio_n peritorum_fw-la &_o proborum_fw-la virorum_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la 4._o but_o if_o there_o have_v be_v no_o freeman_n but_o the_o norman_n if_o the_o norman_n have_v all_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o english_a give_v they_o if_o there_o be_v none_o but_o norman_n in_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n how_o be_v it_o possible_a to_o be_v suppose_v by_o any_o that_o will_v allow_v themselves_o the_o free_a use_n of_o their_o reason_n that_o henry_n the_o first_o will_v ever_o make_v such_o a_o grant_n or_o if_o he_o do_v that_o the_o norman_n will_v ever_o submit_v to_o it_o or_o what_o be_v much_o more_o unlikely_a give_v their_o consent_n to_o out_o themselves_o of_o all_o their_o new-gotten_a possession_n
will_v be_v frivolous_a to_o make_v any_o deduction_n from_o it_o i_o shall_v presume_v to_o repeat_v to_o you_o the_o word_n of_o a_o great_a and_o learned_a judge_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o give_v you_o his_o judicious_a assertion_n of_o this_o argument_n though_o it_o be_v cite_v before_o in_o that_o of_o mr._n selden_n because_o it_o be_v agree_v on_o as_o a_o main_a positive_a rule_n of_o law_n and_o they_o be_v these_o le_fw-fr conqueror_n say_v he_o ne_fw-fr vient_fw-fr pas_fw-fr pour_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr 44._o johannes_n shardelowe_n unus_fw-la justic._n de_fw-fr banco_n rot._n pat._n 16._o e._n 3._o pars_fw-la 1._o m._n 2._o in_o dugdales_n chronica_fw-la series_n annex_v to_o his_o origines_fw-la juridiciales_fw-la fol._n 44._o qui_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr droiturell_n possession_n mes_fw-fr de_fw-fr ouster_n eux_fw-fr que_fw-fr de_fw-fr lour_v tort_fw-fr avoient_fw-fr occupy_v ascun_fw-fr terre_fw-fr en_fw-fr desheritance_n del_fw-it roy_n &_o son_fw-fr coronne_fw-fr the_o conqueror_n come_v not_o to_o oust_v those_o who_o have_v a_o right_a possession_n but_o to_o dispossess_v those_o who_o of_o their_o own_o wrong_n have_v enjoy_v any_o land_n to_o the_o disherison_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n what_o shall_v we_o think_v after_o all_o this_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o english_a who_o have_v not_o be_v in_o arm_n against_o william_n have_v no_o estate_n or_o fortune_n leave_v but_o all_o be_v divide_v between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o norman_n sure_o no_o but_o just_a the_o contrary_n that_o they_o do_v enjoy_v they_o in_o as_o full_a peaceable_a and_o quiet_a a_o manner_n as_o ever_o they_o do_v before_o he_o come_v to_o be_v this_o high_a and_o mighty_a conqueror_n but_o again_o let_v i_o give_v you_o sir_n another_o instance_n to_o enforce_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o argument_n in_o the_o 14._o rich._n 2._o some_o 290_o year_n ago_o there_o happen_v a_o memorable_a suit_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prior_n of_o coventry_n 1._o placita_fw-la coram_fw-la rege_fw-la hill_n anno_fw-la â14_n r._n 2._o rot._n 50._o war._n vid._n dodsworth_n &_o dugdales_n monastic_a anglican_n vol._n 1._o fol._n 305._o col._n 1._o in_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o king_n demand_v annuam_fw-la pensionem_fw-la pro_fw-la uno_fw-la clericorum_fw-la regis_fw-la as_o hold_v de_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la the_o prior_n plead_v that_o he_o hold_v prioratum_fw-la praedictum_fw-la upon_o the_o foundation_n of_o leofric_n quondam_a comitis_fw-la cestriae_fw-la found_v in_o the_o time_n sancti_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o produce_v the_o charter_n in_o court_n and_o then_o convey_v the_o title_n of_o descent_n thus_o ibidem_fw-la recìtatur_fw-la charta_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la etc._n jus_fw-la anglorriâi_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la ãâã_d 16._o in_o the_o addition_n etc._n etc._n quas_fw-la donationes_fw-la &_o concessiones_fw-la diversi_fw-la alii_fw-la reges_fw-la confirmà verunt_fw-la &_o dicit_fw-la quod_fw-la postea_fw-la per_fw-la processuâ_fw-la temporis_fw-la nomen_fw-la abbatiae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la divertebatur_fw-la in_o nomen_fw-la prioratus_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la leof_o winus_fw-la ad_fw-la tunc_fw-la abbas_n ibidem_fw-la creatus_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o episcopum_fw-la cestriae_fw-la &_o ordinavit_fw-la per_fw-la assensum_fw-la monachorum_fw-la ibidem_fw-la quod_fw-la abbatiaâ_n praedicta_fw-la ex_fw-la tunâ_n foret_fw-la prioratus_fw-la ãâã_d &_o quod_fw-la superiores_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la forent_fw-la priores_fw-la successiuè_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la &_o dicit_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la ipso_fw-la leofrico_fw-it quia_fw-la obiit_fw-la sinâ_n haerede_fw-la de_fw-la corpore_fw-la svo_fw-la descendente_fw-la advocatio_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la praedictae_fw-la tempore_fw-la willielm_n '_o conquest_n angliae_fw-la cuidam_fw-la hugoni_n comiti_fw-la cestriae_fw-la ut_fw-la consanguineo_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la ipsius_fw-la leofrici_fw-la viz._n filio_fw-la erminilde_n sororis_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la leofrici_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr ipso_fw-la hugone_n cuidam_fw-la richardo_n ut_fw-la filio_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la chester_n not._n this_o be_v the_o hugh_n to_o who_o it_o be_v imagine_v by_o some_o that_o william_n give_v all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n &_o de_fw-fr ipso_fw-la richardo_n cuidam_fw-la ranulpho_n ut_fw-la consanguineo_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la viz._n filio_fw-la matildis_n sororis_fw-la praedicti_fw-la hugonis_fw-la &_o de_fw-la ipso_fw-la ranulpho_n cuidam_fw-la ranulpho_n ut_fw-la filio_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la &_o the_o ãâã_d so_o ranulpho_n filio_fw-la ranulphi_n quia_fw-la obiiâ_n sine_fw-la haerede_fw-la de_fw-la corpore_fw-la svo_fw-la descendente_fw-la advocatio_fw-la praedicta_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cestriae_fw-la &_o huntingdon_n &_o aliis_fw-la diversis_fw-la castris_fw-la maneriis_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it &_o wallia_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la matildae_fw-la mabilliae_fw-la ceciliae_fw-la &_o margeriae_fw-la ut_fw-la sororibus_fw-la &_o haeredibus_fw-la praedicti_fw-la ranulphi_n inter_fw-la quas_fw-la propertia_fw-la facta_fw-la fuit_fw-la de_fw-la praedictis_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la advocationibus_fw-la &_o castris_fw-la maneriis_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la supradictis_fw-la et_fw-la praedicta_fw-la advocatio_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la toto_fw-la praedicto_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cestriae_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la allocata_fw-la fuit_fw-la praedictae_fw-la matilde_n proâproparte_v sva_fw-la in_o allocationem_fw-la diversorum_fw-la aliorum_fw-la castrorum_fw-la manneriorum_n terrarum_fw-la &_o tenementorum_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la praedictis_fw-la mabilliae_fw-la ceciliae_fw-la &_o margeriae_fw-la separatim_fw-la allocatorum_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr ipsa_fw-la matilda_n descendebant_fw-la praedicta_fw-la advocatio_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la praedicto_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cestriae_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la post_fw-la propertiam_fw-la praedictam_fw-la cuidam_fw-la johanni_n scot_n ut_fw-la filio_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la praedictae_fw-la matildae_fw-la qui_fw-la quidem_fw-la johannes_n scot_n advocationem_fw-la praedictam_fw-la simul_fw-la cum_fw-la praedicto_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cestriae_fw-la cnm_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la dedit_fw-la henrico_n quondam_a regi_fw-la angliae_fw-la filio_fw-la regis_fw-la johannis_n &_o haeredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la etc._n etc._n praedictus_fw-la prio_fw-la sine_fw-la die_fw-la from_o this_o great_a record_n sir_n i_o think_v it_o be_v clear_a and_o evident_a 1._o that_o leofric_n be_v earl_n of_o chester_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o that_o he_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n and_o the_o right_n of_o advowson_n of_o the_o priory_n of_o coventry_n tempore_fw-la willielmi_n conquestoris_n angliae_fw-la descend_v to_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n ut_fw-la consanguineo_fw-la &_o haeredi_fw-la ipsius_fw-la leofrict_a as_o be_v the_o son_n of_o erminelde_v sister_n of_o leofric_n and_o that_o from_o that_o hugh_n descend_v richard_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n and_o from_o richard_n descend_v ranulf_n as_o consanguineus_fw-la &_o haeres_fw-la that_o be_v the_o son_n of_o maud_n sister_n of_o hugh_n and_o from_o that_o ranulph_n another_o ranulph_n his_o son_n and_o heir_n etc._n etc._n 2._o now_o if_o william_n when_o he_o come_v in_o make_v a_o absolute_a conquest_n this_o title_n have_v be_v impossible_a to_o have_v be_v maintain_v 3._o it_o appear_v further_a that_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o prior_n be_v allow_v for_o the_o record_n say_v praedictus_fw-la prio_fw-la sine_fw-la die_fw-la and_o the_o advowson_n aforesaid_a simul_fw-la cum_fw-la comitatu_fw-la cestriae_fw-la &_o huntingdon_n &_o aliis_fw-la diversis_fw-la maneriis_fw-la terris_fw-la &_o tenementis_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la etc._n etc._n do_v descend_v and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o judgement_n be_v give_v upon_o solemn_a debate_n and_o trial_n neither_o the_o judge_n nor_o the_o king_n counsel_n so_o many_o hundred_o year_n ago_o as_o in_o the_o age_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o this_o new_a receive_a notion_n of_o a_o absolute_a conquest_n and_o again_o 4._o it_o be_v yet_o further_o observable_a that_o the_o charter_n of_o leofric_n and_o the_o title_n of_o the_o prior_n have_v be_v confirm_v per_fw-la diversos_fw-la alios_fw-la reges_fw-la who_o must_v certain_o have_v great_a knowledge_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o william_n the_o first_o his_o conquest_n or_o government_n than_o any_o man_n can_v pretend_v to_o in_o our_o time_n but_o further_a sir_n i_o will_v make_v bold_a with_o your_o patience_n and_o give_v you_o some_o few_o instance_n of_o the_o very_a many_o that_o i_o can_v out_o of_o doomsday_n book_n to_o satisfy_v you_o that_o there_o be_v many_o proprietor_n of_o english_a man_n who_o have_v their_o freehold_n estate_n upon_o title_n paramount_n to_o any_o of_o the_o conqueror_n donation_n those_o i_o shall_v take_v from_o that_o industrious_a and_o worthy_a gentleman_n mr._n attwood_n book_n entitle_v ius_n anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la 90._o jus_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquo_fw-la p._n 80_o 81_o 83_o 87_o 89_o 90._o where_o in_o his_o excellent_a history_n of_o the_o conquest_n among_o other_o he_o have_v these_o follow_v viz._n surrey_n 1._o hugo_n de_fw-fr port_n be_v a_o very_a great_a proprietor_n regis_fw-la pa._n 8o_n he_o be_v not_o tainns_n regis_fw-la as_o may_v be_v find_v under_o the_o title_n terra_fw-la hugonis_fw-la de_fw-fr port_n many_o
manor_n he_o have_v and_o as_o appear_v in_o hampshire_n he_o have_v at_o least_o two_o manor_n cerdeford_n and_o eschetune_n from_o his_o ancestor_n before_o william_n entrance_n and_o even_o this_o be_v a_o ground_n to_o believe_v he_o be_v a_o great_a man_n that_o he_o have_v a_o surname_n or_o addition_n because_o if_o we_o believe_v the_o great_a antiquary_n 136._o camb._n rem_fw-la p._n 136._o mr._n cambden_n surname_n be_v not_o settle_v among_o the_o common_a people_n full_o till_o about_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 2._o 2._o the_o earl_n of_o moreton_n a_o very_a powerful_a prince_n t.r.e._n âpse_fw-la comes_fw-la âenuit_fw-la estreham_n t.r.e._n as_o i_o may_v call_v he_o hold_v estreham_n in_o tenrige_n hundred_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n he_o enjoy_v several_a other_o great_a possession_n of_o the_o gift_n of_o king_n william_n i_o doubt_v not_o indeed_o but_o he_o be_v norman_n bear_v yet_o he_o be_v here_o before_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o norman_a duke_n and_o might_n not_o improbable_o be_v in_o favour_n with_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n 136._o camb._n rem_fw-la â_o p._n 136._o who_o be_v all_o frenchify_v he_o to_o be_v sure_a have_v some_o land_n within_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n which_o he_o enjoy_v not_o from_o william_n division_n 176._o pag._n 176._o hampshire_n 3._o ralph_n mortimer_n hold_v several_a possession_n some_o of_o which_o he_o have_v jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la from_o before_o the_o repute_a conquest_n ipse_fw-la radulphus_fw-la tenet_fw-la ordie_n this_o manor_n t.r.e._n extra_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la emptum_fw-la fuit_fw-la eo_fw-la pacto_fw-la &_o conventione_n ut_fw-la post_fw-la tertium_fw-la haeredem_fw-la cum_fw-la omni_fw-la pecunia_fw-la manerium_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la sancti_fw-la petri_n de_fw-la episcopatu_fw-la recuperet_fw-la nunc_fw-la qui_fw-la tenet_fw-la radulphus_fw-la est_fw-la tertius_fw-la haeres_fw-la dorsetshire_n dorsete_n dorsete_n 4._o ten_o thain_n hold_v chimedecome_v ipsi_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la t._n r._n e._n pro._n 1._o manerio_fw-la omnes_fw-la qui_fw-la have_v terras_fw-la tenuerunt_fw-la t._n r._n e._n potuerunt_fw-la ire_n ad_fw-la quem_fw-la dominum_fw-la volebant_fw-la staffordshire_n statfordscire_fw-la statfordscire_fw-la 5._o alric_n hold_v stagrisgeshowe_v and_o aswold_n hold_v chrochesdene_n and_o 14._o more_o hold_v land_n of_o title_n e._n ipsi_fw-la have_v terras_fw-la renuerunt_fw-la t._n r._n e._n prior_n to_o king_n william_n among_o which_o the_o earl_n hugh_n de_fw-fr ferrier_n and_o alberic_n de_fw-fr vere_n the_o first_o of_o which_o hold_v st._n warburgh_n of_o chester_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o confessor_n 6._o and_o last_o vctre_v hold_v several_a land_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n as_o in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o first_o beside_o several_a dispossess_v who_o have_v their_o title_n allow_v i_o think_v these_o six_o instance_n be_v enough_o refer_v the_o more_o curious_a to_o mr._n attwood_n book_n before_o mention_v or_o to_o the_o great_a survey_n itself_o to_o bear_v out_o my_o assertion_n that_o the_o english_a have_v estate_n and_o fortune_n still_o in_o their_o hand_n which_o they_o hold_v in_o king_n edward_n time_n and_o do_v not_o derive_v under_o king_n william_n title_n have_v now_o give_v you_o these_o six_o individual_n i_o shall_v offer_v you_o three_o more_o and_o they_o be_v from_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n william_n the_o one_o to_o the_o dean_n of_o st._n paul_n confirm_v to_o he_o the_o land_n etc._n etc._n belong_v to_o that_o church_n and_o this_o be_v upon_o the_o day_n of_o his_o coronation_n too_o the_o other_o be_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n and_o the_o three_o to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n grant_v to_o they_o the_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n which_o they_o enjoy_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n to_o begin_v with_o that_o make_v to_o the_o dean_n of_o st._n paul_n 1._o ego_fw-la willielmus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la 190._o carta_n regis_fw-la williel_n conquestor_n in_o appendice_fw-la in_o histor_n eccles._n cathedr_n s._n pauli_n by_o sir_n will._n dugdale_n fol._n 190._o unà _fw-la cum_fw-la mathilda_n reginâ_fw-la principibusque_fw-la meis_fw-la coram_fw-la conventu_fw-la sacerdotum_fw-la dei_fw-la reverendis_fw-la scilicet_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la aldredo_fw-la &_o stigando_fw-la caeterisque_fw-la episcopis_fw-la &_o abbatibus_fw-la huius_fw-la patriae_fw-la terras_fw-la monasterii_fw-la sancti_fw-la pauli_n quae_fw-la in_o tempore_fw-la antecessorum_fw-la meorum_fw-la à _fw-la quibuslibet_fw-la hominibus_fw-la ablatae_fw-la fuerant_fw-la &_o injustè_fw-fr detentae_fw-la omnes_fw-la in_o die_fw-la primi_fw-la diadematis_fw-la &_o coronationis_fw-la meae_fw-la deo_fw-la ejusque_fw-la apostolo_n paulo_n in_o lundonia_n &_o eorum_fw-la servitoribus_fw-la in_o perpetuùm_fw-la possidendas_fw-la restitui_fw-la &_o eas_fw-la ex_fw-la omni_fw-la parte_fw-la liberas_fw-la esse_fw-la concessi_fw-la 2._o william_n the_o first_o give_v the_o church_n of_o westminster_n 31._o cartae_fw-la antiq._n c._n c._n n._n 31._o decimam_fw-la de_fw-fr wic_n de_fw-fr eadem_fw-la parte_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la i_o pertinebat_fw-la atque_fw-la iterùm_fw-la reddidi_fw-la eandem_fw-la partem_fw-la eye_v injustè_fw-fr ablatam_fw-la quà m_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la antea_fw-la dederat_fw-la so_o that_o we_o see_v that_o as_o on_o the_o one_o hand_n william_n the_o first_o give_v they_o the_o tithe_n of_o that_o part_n which_o be_v his_o right_n so_o likewise_o he_o restore_v the_o tithe_n of_o that_o part_n which_o be_v unjust_o take_v from_o that_o church_n and_o which_o edward_n the_o confessor_n have_v before_o give_v and_o no_o conquest_n be_v here_o pretend_v but_o the_o precedent_n prove_v the_o quite_o contrary_a viz._n that_o there_o be_v none_o insist_v on_o 3._o and_o now_o i_o come_v to_o that_o respect_v the_o city_n of_o london_n williem_fw-la king_n gret_v williem_n bisceop_n and_o godfred_n saxonicè_fw-la godfred_n porteregravan_n portgrave_n saxonicè_fw-la porterefan_n &_o ealle_fw-la ya_fw-la burghwarn_v binnen_n london_n frencise_n &_o english_fw-fr frendlice_n 21_o hollinshead'_v 3_o d_o vol._n fol._n 15._o 2._o col._n n._n 21_o &_o i_fw-mi kiden_fw-mi eoy_n yeet_fw-mi i_fw-mi will_v yeet_fw-mi get_fw-fr ben_fw-mi ealra_fw-mi weera_fw-mi la_fw-fr gayweord_n you_o get_v weeran_v on_o eadwerds_n daege_n king_n and_o i_fw-mi will_v yeet_v aelc_a child_n by_o his_o fader_fw-mi yrfnume_n aefter_o his_o faders_n daege_n and_o i_fw-mi nelle_fw-it ge_fw-mi wolian_n yeet_a adnig_a man_n eoy_n aenis_fw-la wrong_fw-mi beode_fw-fr god_n eoy_v heal_v willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la salutat_fw-la willielmum_fw-la episcopum_fw-la &_o goffridum_fw-la portegrefium_fw-la &_o omnem_fw-la burghware_fw-mi infra_fw-la london_n frans._n &_o angl._n amicabilitèr_fw-la et_fw-la vobis_fw-la notum_fw-la faeio_fw-la quòd_fw-la ego_fw-la volo_fw-la quòd_fw-la vos_fw-la sitis_fw-la omni_fw-la lege_fw-la illa_fw-la digni_fw-la qua_fw-la fuistis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la diebus_fw-la regis_fw-la et_fw-la volo_fw-la quod_fw-la omnis_fw-la fuer_fw-la sit_fw-la patris_fw-la svi_fw-la haeres_fw-la post_fw-la diem_fw-la patris_fw-la svi_fw-la et_fw-la ego_fw-la nolo_fw-la pati_fw-la quòd_fw-la aliquis_fw-la homo_fw-la aliquam_fw-la injuriam_fw-la vobis_fw-la inferat_fw-la den_n vos_fw-la salvet_fw-la english_v in_o stow_n survey_n of_o london_n 740._o stow_n be_v survey_n of_o london_n fol._n 740._o thus_o william_n king_n great_a william_n bishop_n and_o godfrey_n porter_n and_o all_o the_o burgeis_n within_o london_n french_a and_o english_a and_o i_o grant_v you_o that_o i_o will_v that_o you_o be_v all_o your_o law_n worth_n that_o you_o be_v in_o edwardis_n day_n the_o king_n and_o i_o will_v that_o i_o child_n be_v his_o fader_n eyer_n and_o i_o nyl_v suffur_n that_o any_o man_n you_o any_o wrongys_n beed_n and_o god_n you_o keep_v now_o it_o be_v evident_a from_o this_o charter_n 1._o that_o it_o be_v make_v immediate_o upon_o or_o after_o the_o coronation_n of_o william_n because_o you_o see_v he_o style_v himself_o king_n 2._o this_o may_v seem_v to_o justify_v not_o only_o what_o the_o historian_n who_o live_v near_a his_o time_n as_o pictaviensâs_n etc._n etc._n but_o what_o his_o own_o law_n do_v likewise_o declare_v viz._n that_o he_o be_v crown_v king_n by_o compact_n with_o the_o english_a and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n swear_v inviolable_o to_o observe_v king_n edward_n law_n which_o he_o confirm_v to_o they_o 3._o with_o this_o further_a that_o he_o denounce_v a_o severe_a prohibition_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v offer_v any_o affront_n or_o do_v any_o wrong_n to_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n 4._o and_o for_o a_o complete_a assurance_n of_o all_o this_o his_o love_n and_o kindness_n to_o the_o city_n he_o conclude_v with_o a_o prayer_n to_o heaven_n that_o god_n will_v keep_v and_o bless_v they_o but_o by_o the_o way_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o show_v you_o though_o i_o think_v likewise_o it_o do_v not_o a_o little_a contribute_v to_o the_o strength_n and_o validity_n of_o my_o argument_n the_o greatness_n and_o power_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n in_o those_o early_a time_n i_o shall_v transcribe_v the_o word_n of_o a_o learned_a writer_n concern_v it_o and_o so_o leave_v it_o to_o your_o more_o serious_a consideration_n william_n stephanides_n
ejusdem_fw-la stephanid_n descriptio_fw-la nobilissimae_fw-la civitatis_fw-la londoniae_n in_o stow_n be_v survey_v etc._n etc._n fol._n 704._o the_o sitâ_n ejusdem_fw-la a_o monk_n of_o canterbury_n bear_v as_o stow_n say_v in_o his_o forecited_n book_n of_o worshipful_a parent_n in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o who_o live_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n stephen_n in_o his_o description_n of_o it_o have_v these_o word_n inter_fw-la nobiles_fw-la urbes_fw-la orbis_n quas_fw-la fama_fw-la celebrat_fw-la civitas_n londonia_n regni_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sedes_fw-la una_fw-la est_fw-la quae_fw-la famam_fw-la svi_fw-la latiùs_fw-la diffundit_fw-la opes_fw-la &_o merces_fw-la longiùs_fw-la transmittit_fw-la caput_fw-la altius_fw-la extollit_fw-la foelix_fw-la est_fw-la aëris_fw-la salubritate_fw-la christianâ_fw-la religione_fw-la firmitate_fw-la munitionum_fw-la naturâ_fw-la sitûs_fw-la honore_fw-la civium_fw-la pudicitiâ_fw-la matronali_fw-la ludis_fw-la etiám_fw-la quà m_fw-la jucunda_fw-la &_o nobilium_fw-la foecunda_fw-la virorum_fw-la vrbs_fw-la ista_fw-la viris_fw-la est_fw-la honorata_fw-la 705._o id._n fol._n 705._o armis_fw-la decorata_fw-la multo_fw-la habitatore_fw-la populosa_fw-la ut_fw-la tempore_fw-la bellicae_fw-la cladis_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la stephano_n bello_fw-la apti_fw-la ex_fw-la eâ_n exeuntes_fw-la ostentatui_fw-la haberentur_fw-la 20000_o armatorum_fw-la equitum_fw-la 60_o mille_fw-la peditum_fw-la aestimarentur_fw-la cives_fw-la londoniae_n ubicunque_fw-la locorum_fw-la prae_fw-la omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la civibus_fw-la ornatu_fw-la morum_fw-la vestium_fw-la &_o mensae_fw-la locutione_n spectabiles_fw-la &_o noti_fw-la habentur_fw-la which_o in_o english_a be_v thus_o of_o all_o the_o celebrate_a city_n in_o the_o world_n this_o of_o london_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o england_n a_o city_n of_o a_o very_a extensive_a fame_n in_o its_o self_n but_o much_o more_o honourable_a by_o the_o native_a treasure_n and_o commodity_n which_o she_o export_v happy_a be_v she_o in_o the_o temperature_n of_o her_o climate_n in_o the_o soundness_n of_o her_o doctrine_n strength_n of_o her_o fort_n agreeableness_n of_o her_o situation_n in_o the_o credit_n and_o reputation_n of_o her_o citizen_n the_o unblemished_a chastity_n of_o the_o female_a sex_n innocent_o pleasant_a even_o in_o her_o recreation_n and_o honour_v with_o a_o numerous_a train_n of_o nobility_n the_o grandeur_n of_o this_o city_n chief_o consist_v in_o the_o properness_n and_o valour_n of_o her_o man_n in_o the_o bravery_n of_o her_o armour_n the_o multitude_n of_o her_o inhabitant_n so_o that_o in_o the_o fatal_a war_n in_o king_n stephen_n reign_n there_o appear_v on_o a_o muster_n 20000_o horse_n and_o 60000_o foot_n all_o arm_a soldier_n the_o citizen_n of_o london_n be_v know_v and_o esteem_v beyond_o all_o other_o person_n wheresoever_o they_o travel_v for_o their_o gentile_a deportment_n their_o good_a apparel_n their_o table_n and_o discourse_n so_o that_o we_o see_v from_o hence_o that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n stephen_n who_o be_v nephew_n to_o king_n william_n the_o first_o from_o who_o death_n to_o king_n stephen_n reign_n there_o be_v not_o fifty_o year_n the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v very_o great_a and_o powerful_a but_o have_v the_o english_a citizen_n be_v all_o destroy_v and_o have_v all_o their_o estate_n and_o fortune_n be_v as_o be_v so_o positive_o affirm_v take_v away_o from_o they_o by_o william_n the_o first_o it_o have_v be_v impossible_a in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n for_o they_o to_o have_v rise_v again_o to_o that_o degree_n of_o fame_n and_o renown_n through_o all_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o the_o historian_n who_o be_v a_o eye-witness_n of_o it_o so_o credible_o assure_v we_o my_o next_o design_n be_v to_o show_v you_o that_o from_o the_o general_n direction_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o charter_n in_o king_n william_n the_o first_o his_o time_n it_o be_v plain_o demonstrable_a that_o william_n the_o pretend_a conqueror_n do_v not_o divide_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n among_o his_o norman_a follower_n to_o hold_v of_o he_o 1._o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d rob._n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d 196._o dugdal_n hist._n of_o st._n paul_n in_o the_o appendix_n fol._n 196._o ealle_o his_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d id_fw-la est_fw-la 1._o w._n rex_fw-la saluto_n osmundum_n episcopum_fw-la saresburiensem_fw-la â_o nota_fw-la here_o be_v english_a sheriff_n and_o other_o english_a officer_n as_o well_o as_o french_a â_o &_o robertum_fw-la de_fw-la ely_n &_o petrum_fw-la de_fw-la valoniis_fw-la omnesque_fw-la praefectos_fw-la suos_fw-la et_fw-la fideles_fw-la francos_fw-la et_fw-la anglos_n amicè_fw-la 2._o willem_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d mine_n b'pe_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d mind_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d i._o chart._n antique_a i._o willem_n great_a mine_n bishop_n thanus_n here_o be_v engl._n thain_n thahi_fw-la appellatione_fw-la viâi_fw-la interdum_fw-la nobiles_fw-la interdum_fw-la liberae_fw-la conditionis_fw-la homines_fw-la interdum_fw-la magistratus_fw-la atque_fw-la saepenumeâo_fw-la ministri_fw-la notantur_fw-la gloss._n in_o sin_n lambard_n de_fw-fr pâis_fw-fr angl_n leg_n fol._n 223._o col._n 1._o tic_o thanus_n and_o mind_n eorles_n and_o ealle_a mind_n thegnes_fw-la freneisse_n and_o englisce_n 3._o w._n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la 185._o monast._n angl._n vol._n 1._o foe_n 185._o o._n episcopo_fw-la sarisburiensi_fw-la et_fw-la l._n abbati_n glastoniensi_fw-la et_fw-la a._n vicecomiti_fw-la omnibusque_fw-la baronibus_fw-la francigenis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr sumerseta_n et_fw-fr de_fw-fr wiltunscire_fw-la salutem_fw-la 4._o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la t._n eboraci_fw-la 397._o id._n fol._n 397._o et_fw-la justiciariis_fw-la et_fw-la vicecomitibus_fw-la et_fw-la omnibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr eboraciscire_fw-la et_fw-fr de_fw-fr carleoli_n salutem_fw-la 5._o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la walterio_n vicecomiti_fw-la 29._o id._n sol_o 29._o et_fw-la omnibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francigenis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr comitatu_fw-la de_fw-fr glocestre_fw-fr salutem_fw-la 6._o willielmus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ibid._n id._n ibid._n fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francigenis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la salutem_fw-la 7._o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la episcopo_fw-la de_fw-la suthsexa_fw-la et_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la ibid._n id._n ibid._n et_fw-la caeteris_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francigenis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la salutem_fw-la 8._o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la 845._o id._n vol._n 2._o so_o 845._o g._n vicecom_v '_o et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-fr de_fw-fr caerleil_n salutem_fw-la 9_o willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la thomae_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la et_fw-la bertramo_n de_fw-fr verdun_n 845._o id._n fol._n 845._o et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr everwicscire_fw-la salutem_fw-la 10._o henricus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la richardo_n episcopo_fw-la london_n n_o cart._n antiq._n n_o et_fw-fr vic'_fw-fr et_fw-fr praeposito_fw-la et_fw-la omnibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la et_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr london_n et_fw-fr middlesex_n salutem_fw-la 11._o henricus_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la vic'_fw-la et_fw-la baronibus_fw-la london_n ibid._n id._n ibid._n 12._o henricus_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la 197._o dugdal_n hist._n of_o st._n paul_n in_o the_o appendix_n fol._n 197._o archiepiscopis_fw-la et_fw-la episcopis_fw-la et_fw-la comitibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la et_fw-la hugoni_n de_fw-fr boclande_n et_fw-la omnibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la francis_n et_fw-la anglis_fw-la de_fw-fr lundonia_n et_fw-fr de_fw-fr middlesexa_fw-la et_fw-la de_fw-la tota_fw-la anglia_fw-it salutem_fw-la by_o these_o writ_n and_o charter_n sir_n though_o many_o more_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n may_v easy_o be_v give_v i_o think_v with_o submission_n my_o argument_n be_v firm_o maintain_v and_o the_o plain_a english_a of_o they_o all_o be_v no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o in_o william_n the_o first_o be_v time_n there_o be_v english_a baron_n as_o well_o as_o french_a baron_n in_o somersetshire_n and_o wiltshire_n in_o yorkshire_n and_o carlisle_n in_o gloucestershire_n and_o in_o sussex_n and_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o charter_n be_v equal_o give_v to_o they_o both_o without_o any_o difference_n of_o power_n or_o authority_n mention_v otherwise_o than_o that_o the_o french_a baron_n have_v the_o precedency_n of_o the_o english_a in_o those_o writ_n and_o charter_n 151._o charter_n as_o be_v asserse_v by_o the_o say_v anonymous_n author_n against_o mr._n petyt_n p._n 151._o with_o what_o force_n of_o truth_n than_o can_v it_o be_v defend_v that_o the_o norman_a nobility_n be_v at_o that_o time_n the_o only_a nobility_n i_o appeal_v to_o the_o world_n but_o i_o pray_v now_o hear_v two_o branch_n of_o his_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la or_o great_a charter_n which_o he_o grant_v to_o the_o english_a and_o they_o run_v thus_o 1._o volumus_fw-la etiam_fw-la ac_fw-la firmiter_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la 55._o apud_fw-la cl._n lambard_n ll._n will._n pâim_n fol._n 170._o c._n 55._o ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la liberi_fw-la homines_fw-la totius_fw-la monarchiae_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la praedicti_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o teneant_fw-la terras_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o possessiones_fw-la svas_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o in_o pace_n liberè_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la exactione_n
injusta_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la omni_fw-la tallagio_n ita_fw-la quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_n exigatur_fw-la vel_fw-la capiatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la servitium_n suum_fw-la liberum_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la nobis_fw-la facere_fw-la debent_fw-la &_o facere_fw-la tenentur_fw-la &_o prout_fw-la statutum_n est_fw-la eye_n &_o illis_fw-la à _fw-la nobis_fw-la datum_fw-la et_fw-la concessum_fw-la jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la praedicti_fw-la the_o second_o branch_n be_v 2._o hoc_fw-la quoque_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la 63._o id_fw-la c._n 63._o ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la habeant_fw-la et_fw-la teneant_fw-la leges_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la rebus_fw-la adauctis_fw-la hiis_fw-la quas_fw-la constituimus_fw-la ad_fw-la utilitatem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sir_n i_o think_v by_o these_o two_o branch_n you_o may_v plain_o see_v king_n william_n when_o he_o come_v in_o be_v so_o far_o from_o forcible_o take_v away_o the_o land_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o english_a and_o share_v they_o among_o his_o norman_n that_o he_o do_v if_o possible_a more_o strong_o establish_v their_o estate_n to_o they_o by_o confirm_v the_o good_a and_o ancient_a law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n which_o be_v their_o best_a security_n of_o all_o they_o enjoy_v before_o his_o entrance_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o by_o free_v they_o from_o all_o unjust_a tax_n and_o exaction_n except_v only_o their_o free_a service_n which_o of_o right_n be_v owe_v to_o he_o and_o which_o they_o be_v to_o do_v as_o it_o be_v agree_v on_o by_o themselves_o and_o grant_v by_o he_o to_o they_o by_o hereditary_a right_n for_o ever_o and_o that_o by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o this_o be_v do_v too_o whole_o for_o the_o sake_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o english_a i_o shall_v trouble_v you_o sir_n with_o one_o more_o very_a memorable_a record_n as_o late_o as_o to_o the_o 26._o hen._n 3._o which_o show_v that_o from_o before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o this_o norman_a conqueror_n down_o to_o that_o time_n the_o english_a have_v a_o property_n continue_v to_o they_o and_o so_o then_o this_o mighty_a man_n of_o victory_n do_v not_o govern_v they_o as_o a_o entire_a and_o absolute_a conqueror_n whatever_o our_o late_a writer_n have_v be_v please_v to_o publish_v to_o the_o world_n the_o word_n of_o the_o record_n be_v pro_fw-la jacobo_fw-la archamgere_fw-la thes._n communia_fw-la de_fw-la term._n âânct_n mich._n 35._o sin_n &_o an._n 36._o incipien_n h._n 3._o roâ_n pr._n penes_fw-la remem_fw-la dom_n thes._n rex_fw-la baronibus_fw-la confes._n jus_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ab_fw-la antiq._n p._n 112_o 113._o serjantia_fw-la tempore_fw-la edwardi_fw-la confes._n mandamus_fw-la vobis_fw-la quod_fw-la occasione_n arrentationis_fw-la serjantiarum_fw-la assessae_fw-la per_fw-la robertum_fw-la passelewe_n non_fw-la distringas_fw-la jacobum_fw-la de_fw-la archamgere_fw-la per_fw-la 2._o marc._n &_o dimid_n de_fw-fr tenemento_fw-it quod_fw-la de_fw-fr nobis_fw-la tenet_fw-la per_fw-la serjantiam_fw-la in_o archamgere_fw-la in_o comitatu_fw-la southampton_n etc._n etc._n per_fw-la chartam_fw-la beati_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la antecessoribus_fw-la ipsius_fw-la jacobi_n super_fw-la hoc_fw-la confectam_fw-la sed_fw-la ipsum_fw-la jacobum_fw-la de_fw-la praedictis_fw-la 2._o marcis_fw-la &_o dimid_a '_o quietum_fw-la esse_fw-la faciatis_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la quia_fw-la chartam_fw-la praefati_fw-la beati_fw-la edwardi_fw-la confirmavimus_fw-la &_o ipsam_fw-la volumus_fw-la inviolabiliter_fw-la observari_fw-la breve_fw-la est_fw-la in_o forulo_fw-la marescalli_n &_o mandatum_fw-la est_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la southampton_a comparat_fw-la die_v jovis_fw-la die_v 15._o jan._n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o english_a of_o it_o be_v this_o for_o jacob_n archamgere_fw-la the_o king_n to_o the_o baron_n we_o command_v you_o that_o by_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o serjanties_n assess_v by_o robert_n passelewe_v you_o shall_v not_o distrain_v jacob_n of_o archamgere_n by_o two_o mark_n and_o a_o half_a for_o the_o tenement_n which_o he_o hold_v of_o we_o by_o serjantie_n in_o archamgere_n in_o the_o county_n of_o southampton_n and_o grant_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o bless_a king_n edward_n to_o the_o ancestor_n of_o this_o jacob_n but_o he_o the_o say_v jacob_n shall_v for_o ever_o be_v free_v from_o the_o aforesaid_a two_o mark_n and_o a_o half_a because_o we_o have_v confirm_v the_o charter_n of_o the_o aforementioned_a st._n edward_n and_o we_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v inviolable_o observe_v i_o shall_v make_v no_o remark_n upon_o this_o charter_n because_o it_o be_v obvious_a to_o every_o intelligent_a reader_n the_o thing_n i_o drive_v at_o be_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o english_a be_v not_o violent_o dispossess_v of_o their_o property_n which_o they_o quiet_o hold_v and_o enjoy_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n but_o that_o they_o still_o enjoy_v they_o as_o before_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o vain_a pretence_n to_o the_o contrary_n and_o now_o sir_n i_o shall_v close_v up_o this_o three_o point_n with_o a_o remarkable_a passage_n or_o two_o out_o of_o ordericus_n uitalis_n a_o famous_a historian_n who_o live_v and_o write_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o h._n 1._o and_o beginning_n of_o k._n stephen_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n must_v needs_o be_v admit_v next_o to_o a_o testis_fw-la ocularis_fw-la for_o a_o testimony_n beyond_o all_o exception_n his_o word_n be_v omnia_fw-la disponente_fw-la deo_fw-la in_o spatio_fw-la trium_fw-la mensium_fw-la per_fw-la angliam_fw-la pacata_fw-la sunt_fw-la cunctique_fw-la 503._o orderic_n vitalis_n eccles_n hist._n lib._n 3._o fol._n 503._o praesules_fw-la regnique_fw-la proceres_fw-la cum_fw-la willielmo_n concordiam_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la ac_fw-la ut_fw-la diadema_fw-la regium_fw-la sumeret_fw-la sicut_fw-la mos_fw-la anglici_fw-la principatus_fw-la exigit_fw-la oraverunt_fw-la hoc_fw-la summoperè_fw-la flagitabant_fw-la normanni_n qui_fw-la pro_fw-la fasce_fw-la regali_fw-la nanciscendo_fw-la svo_fw-la principi_fw-la subierunt_fw-la ingens_fw-la discrimen_fw-la maris_fw-la &_o praelii_fw-la hoc_fw-la etiam_fw-la divino_fw-la nutu_fw-la subacti_fw-la optabant_fw-la indigenae_fw-la regni_fw-la qui_fw-la nisi_fw-la coronato_fw-la regi_fw-la servire_fw-la hactenus_fw-la erant_fw-la soliti_fw-la the_o next_o paragraph_n but_o one_o to_o this_o go_v on_o thus_o denique_fw-la anno_fw-la ab_fw-la incarnatione_fw-la domini_fw-la mlxvii_o indictione_n v._o in_o die_v natalis_n domini_fw-la angli_fw-la lundoniae_n ad_fw-la ordinandum_fw-la regem_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la &_o normannorum_fw-la turmae_fw-la circa_fw-la monasterium_fw-la in_o armis_fw-la &_o equis_fw-la nè_fw-la quid_fw-la doli_fw-la &_o seditionis_fw-la oriretur_fw-la praesidio_fw-la dispositae_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la adelredus_fw-la itaque_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la in_o basilica_n sancti_fw-la petri_n apostolorum_fw-la principis_fw-la quae_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la nuncupatur_fw-la ubi_fw-la edwardus_fw-la rex_fw-la venerabiliter_fw-la humatus_fw-la quiescit_fw-la in_fw-la praesentia_fw-la praesulum_fw-la &_o abbatum_fw-la procerumque_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la albionis_fw-la gulielmum_fw-la ducem_fw-la normannorum_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la consecravit_fw-la &_o diadema_fw-la regium_fw-la capiti_fw-la ejus_fw-la imposuit_fw-la gulielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la multa_fw-la lundoniae_n postquam_fw-la coronatus_fw-la est_fw-la prudentèr_fw-fr 506._o id._n lib._n iu._n fol._n 505_o &_o 506._o justè_fw-la clementerque_fw-la disposuit_fw-la quaedam_fw-la ad_fw-la ipsius_fw-la civitatis_fw-la commoda_fw-la vel_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la alia_fw-la quae_fw-la genti_fw-la proficerent_fw-la universae_fw-la nonnulla_fw-la quibus_fw-la consuleretur_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la terrae_fw-la jura_n quaecumque_fw-la dictavit_fw-la optimis_fw-la rationibus_fw-la sanxit_fw-la judicium_fw-la rectum_fw-la nulla_fw-la persona_fw-la nequicquam_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la postulavit_fw-la neminem_fw-la nisi_fw-la quem_fw-la non_fw-la damnare_fw-la iniquum_fw-la foret_fw-la damnavit_fw-la suis_fw-la quoque_fw-la primatibus_fw-la digna_fw-la se_fw-la &_o gravitate_fw-la praecepit_fw-la &_o diligenter_n aequitatem_fw-la suasit_fw-la esse_fw-la jugiter_fw-la in_o oculis_fw-la habendum_fw-la aeternum_fw-la regem_fw-la cujus_fw-la vicerint_fw-la praesidio_fw-la nimium_fw-la opprimi_fw-la victos_fw-la non_fw-la opportere_fw-la victoribus_fw-la professione_n christianâ_fw-la pares_fw-la nè_fw-la quos_fw-la justè_fw-la subegerint_fw-la injuriis_fw-la ad_fw-la rebellandum_fw-la cogerent_fw-la seditiones_fw-la interdixit_fw-la caedem_fw-la &_o omnem_fw-la rapinam_fw-la fraenans_fw-la ut_fw-la populos_fw-la armis_fw-la ita_fw-la legibus_fw-la arma._n tributis_fw-la &_o cunctis_fw-la rebus_fw-la ad_fw-la regium_fw-la siscum_fw-la reddendis_fw-la modum_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la gravaret_fw-la imposuit_fw-la latrociniis_fw-la invasionibus_fw-la malesiciis_fw-la locum_fw-la omnem_fw-la intra_fw-la suos_fw-la terminos_fw-la denegavit_fw-la portus_n &_o quaelibet_fw-la itinera_fw-la negotiatoribus_fw-la patere_fw-la &_o nullam_fw-la injuriam_fw-la fieri_fw-la jussit_fw-la sic_fw-la omnino_fw-la proba_fw-la ejus_fw-la in_o regnando_fw-la initia_fw-la fuere_fw-la &_o incrementa_fw-la probitatum_fw-la ad_fw-la utilitatem_fw-la subditorum_fw-la liquidò_fw-la fulsere_fw-la que_fw-la in_o bonis_fw-la perseverantia_fw-la laudabilisque_n finis_fw-la evidentibus_fw-la signis_fw-la confirmavere_fw-la the_o sense_n of_o which_o be_v king_n william_n have_v swear_v inviolable_o to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n as_o i_o have_v already_o acquaint_v you_o and_o be_v crown_v king_n the_o whole_a english_a nation_n in_o three_o month_n time_n quiet_o submit_v to_o he_o which_o the_o historian_n observe_v to_o be_v
by_o divine_a providence_n and_o they_o much_o rely_v upon_o the_o force_n of_o that_o solemn_a do_v he_o take_v and_o great_a cause_n they_o have_v for_o their_o do_v so_o for_o remarkable_a be_v it_o that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o make_v a_o conscience_n to_o keep_v it_o and_o this_o the_o historian_n plain_o prove_v for_o so_o far_o be_v he_o from_o pretend_v to_o be_v a_o conqueror_n or_o from_o exercise_v absolute_a power_n and_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o english_a that_o you_o see_v he_o deny_v to_o none_o right_a judgement_n who_o require_v it_o of_o he_o he_o condemn_v none_o but_o those_o who_o deserve_v it_o by_o the_o condemnation_n of_o the_o law_n he_o strict_o command_v his_o great_a man_n to_o who_o he_o have_v give_v the_o estate_n of_o those_o who_o have_v be_v bold_a in_o arm_n against_o he_o under_o king_n harold_n that_o they_o shall_v behave_v themselves_o with_o all_o due_a moderation_n and_o temper_n and_o he_o invite_v they_o to_o act_n of_o justice_n by_o his_o example_n he_o charge_v they_o always_o to_o have_v god_n before_o their_o eye_n by_o who_o arm_n they_o have_v so_o far_o overcome_v that_o they_o shall_v nay_o oughts_z not_o too_o much_o to_o oppress_v those_o they_o have_v get_v the_o better_a of_o who_o be_v christian_n with_o they_o lest_o those_o who_o they_o have_v just_o subdue_v shall_v by_o such_o their_o oppression_n be_v force_v to_o rebel_v again_o he_o strict_o forbid_v they_o all_o violence_n that_o they_o shall_v restrain_v themselves_o from_o all_o cruelty_n and_o rapine_n that_o as_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v keep_v in_o peace_n by_o his_o arm_n so_o their_o arm_n shall_v submit_v to_o and_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o law_n nor_o do_v he_o only_o give_v this_o admirable_a advice_n 55._o apud_fw-la lambar_n ll._n wil._n prim_fw-la fol._n 170._o c._n 55._o but_o he_o prudent_o govern_v himself_o and_o set_v easy_a boundary_n to_o those_o service_n tax_n &_o aid_n quod_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la facere_fw-la debent_fw-la which_o be_v due_a to_o he_o by_o the_o law_n he_o absolute_o deny_v all_o pardon_n and_o grace_n to_o robber_n and_o all_o disturber_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o wicked_a person_n he_o command_v all_o the_o road_n to_o be_v free_a and_o open_a for_o traveller_n and_o that_o no_o injury_n shall_v be_v do_v they_o so_o that_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o golden_a age_n and_o his_o clemency_n and_o other_o act_n of_o goodness_n still_o shine_v bright_a to_o the_o happiness_n of_o his_o subject_n which_o be_v confirm_v towards_o the_o loyal_a and_o dutiful_a by_o his_o steady_a and_o commendable_a perseverance_n where_o in_o all_o this_o be_v there_o any_o pretence_n to_o absolute_a conquest_n and_o despotical_a dominion_n and_o now_o to_o conclude_v i_o shall_v produce_v a_o evidence_n that_o be_v omni_fw-la exceptione_n major_a it_o be_v gulielmus_fw-la pict_n avensis_fw-la who_o as_o ordericus_n vitalis_n in_o fine_a litri_fw-la tertii_fw-la write_v be_v regis_fw-la gulielmi_n capellanus_fw-la and_o write_v the_o act_n of_o william_n the_o first_o and_o he_o categorical_o say_v it_o that_o nulli_fw-la tamen_fw-la gallo_n datum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la anglo_n cviquam_fw-la injustè_fw-fr fuerit_fw-la ablatum_fw-la that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o judgement_n give_v in_o sharborn_n case_n that_o those_o who_o have_v keep_v themselves_o unconcerned_a and_o have_v neither_o consilio_fw-la vel_fw-la auxilio_fw-la assist_v harold_n against_o william_n have_v the_o full_a and_o free_a benefit_n of_o the_o saxon_a law_n and_o have_v not_o their_o estate_n unjust_o take_v from_o any_o of_o they_o and_o give_v to_o his_o french_a and_o norman_n gulielm_n pictaven_n in_o gesta_fw-la gulielm_n ducis_fw-la norman_n &_o regis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la fol._n 208._o but_o i_o will_v leave_v this_o sir_n and_o now_o come_v to_o your_o four_o and_o last_o question_n the_o four_o question_n iv_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o a_o grand_a error_n to_o affirm_v 37._o the_o anonymous_n author_n against_o mr._n petyt_n p._n 37._o that_o there_o be_v no_o english_a man_n in_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n our_o government_n 2_o in_o his_o argument_n for_o the_o bishop_n right_o in_o judge_v in_o capital_a cause_n in_o parliament_n postscript_n p._n 2_o say_v the_o learned_a and_o most_o judicious_a mr._n hunt_n by_o a_o king_n and_o estate_n of_o parliament_n be_v as_o ancient_a as_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v remember_v of_o the_o nation_n the_o attempt_n of_o alter_v it_o in_o all_o age_n account_v treason_n and_o the_o punishment_n thereof_o reserve_v to_o the_o parliament_n by_o 25._o ed._n 3._o the_o conservancy_n of_o the_o government_n be_v not_o safe_o to_o be_v lodge_v any_o where_o but_o with_o the_o government_n itself_o offence_n of_o this_o kind_a not_o pardonable_a by_o the_o king_n because_o it_o be_v not_o in_o his_o power_n to_o change_v it_o this_o be_v our_o government_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v establish_v and_o for_o age_n and_o immemorial_n time_n have_v thus_o continue_v a_o long_a succession_n of_o king_n have_v recognize_v it_o to_o be_v such_o this_o too_o perhaps_o will_v be_v grant_v sir_n in_o some_o sense_n that_o for_o a_o long_a series_n and_o tract_n of_o time_n the_o government_n have_v be_v so_o but_o the_o main_a pinch_n and_o stress_n of_o your_o question_n as_o i_o apprehend_v it_o be_v this_o whether_o after_o william_n the_o conqueror_n have_v settle_v himself_o as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v on_o the_o english_a throne_n he_o do_v admit_v any_o of_o the_o english_a to_o sit_v in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o to_o advise_v and_o consult_v de_fw-fr arduis_fw-la &_o vrgentibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o i_o hope_v this_o i_o shall_v make_v plain_a and_o evident_a to_o you_o that_o the_o grand_a court_n of_o parliament_n be_v in_o substance_n the_o same_o that_o it_o be_v before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o this_o conqueror_n and_o that_o there_o be_v english_a man_n member_n of_o it_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conqueror_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o same_o court_n that_o be_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n for_o administration_n of_o justice_n continue_v after_o william_n the_o first_o be_v make_v king_n and_o the_o footstep_n of_o they_o remain_v yet_o to_o this_o day_n i_o shall_v mention_v a_o few_o and_o so_o come_v to_o the_o main_a point_n in_o argument_n court_v 1._o county_n court_v 1._o as_o it_o be_v their_o wisdom_n to_o preserve_v the_o ancient_a landmark_n 180._o ll._n hen._n 1._o c._n 6_o apud_fw-la lambard_n fol._n 180._o so_o be_v it_o likewise_o both_o their_o wisdom_n and_o their_o care_n to_o continue_v their_o due_a privilege_n and_o interest_n their_o county_n court_n be_v still_o keep_v up_o and_o every_o county_n have_v its_o court_n and_o every_o court_n its_o wont_a jurisdiction_n 168._o l_o l._n guil._n c._n 42_o fol._n 168._o no_o complaint_n must_v be_v to_o the_o king_n court_n if_o right_o may_v be_v do_v in_o the_o county_n no_o distress_n must_v be_v take_v but_o by_o warrant_n from_o the_o county_n and_o that_o must_v be_v after_o complaint_n thrice_o make_v sixpence_n l_o l._n guil._n c._n sixpence_n the_o county_n court_n must_v be_v call_v as_o our_o ancestor_n have_v appoint_v such_o as_o will_v not_o come_v as_o they_o ought_v shall_v be_v first_o summon_v and_o in_o case_n of_o default_n distrain_v at_o the_o four_o default_n reddatur_fw-la de_fw-la rebus_fw-la huius_fw-la hominis_fw-la quod_fw-la calumpniatum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la dicitur_fw-la ceargel_n &_o insuper_fw-la regis_fw-la forisfactura_fw-la that_o be_v the_o complainant_n shall_v be_v satisfy_v out_o of_o the_o distress_n so_o take_v and_o the_o king_n also_o for_o his_o fine_a these_o be_v the_o express_a law_n of_o the_o conqueror_n own_o establishment_n the_o last_o of_o which_o also_o be_v confirm_v by_o another_o express_a law_n save_v that_o he_o will_v allow_v but_o of_o two_o summons_n and_o two_o distress_n before_o execution_n i_o shall_v give_v you_o a_o memorable_a case_n to_o prove_v the_o continuance_n of_o this_o court_n odo_n episcopum_fw-la selden_n be_v title_n of_o honour_n 2d_o part_n c._n 5_o f._n 581_o â_o eadmer_n his._n nou._n l._n 1._o p._n 9_o &_o videsis_n notas_fw-la ad_fw-la eundem_fw-la p._n 197._o de_fw-la placito_fw-la apud_fw-la pinendenem_fw-la inter_fw-la âanfrancum_fw-la archiepisâopum_fw-la &_o odonem_fw-la bajocensâm_fw-la episcopum_fw-la the_o conqueror_n half_a brother_n be_v by_o he_o make_v earl_n of_o kent_n and_o therewith_o have_v the_o gift_n of_o a_o large_a territory_n in_o kent_n and_o take_v advantage_n of_o the_o king_n displeasure_n at_o stigand_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n possess_v himself_o by_o disseisin_n of_o divers_a land_n and_o tenement_n belong_v to_o that_o see_n lanfrank_n the_o succeed_a archbishop_n be_v inform_v hereof_o petition_v
to_o the_o king_n that_o justice_n may_v be_v do_v he_o secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la jerrae_fw-la and_o the_o king_n send_v forth_o a_o writ_n to_o summon_v a_o county_n court_n the_o debate_v last_v three_o day_n before_o the_o freeman_n of_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o many_o chief_a man_n bishop_n and_o lord_n and_o other_o skilful_a in_o the_o law_n and_o the_o judgement_n pass_v for_o the_o archbishop_n lanfrank_n upon_o the_o uote_v of_o the_o freeman_n this_o county_n court_n be_v hold_v by_o special_a summons_n and_o not_o by_o adjournment_n as_o be_v allowable_a by_o the_o saxon_a law_n upon_o special_a occasion_n and_o this_o suit_n be_v original_o begin_v and_o have_v its_o final_a determination_n in_o the_o county_n court_n and_o the_o county_n court_v in_o those_o day_n be_v of_o so_o great_a esteem_n that_o two_o of_o the_o great_a peer_n of_o the_o realm_n one_o a_o norman_a the_o other_o a_o italian_a do_v cast_v a_o title_n in_o fifteen_o manor_n two_o lordship_n with_o many_o liberty_n upon_o the_o uote_v of_o the_o english_a freeholder_n in_o a_o county_n court_n and_o that_o the_o sentence_n be_v allow_v and_o commend_v by_o the_o king_n and_o submit_v to_o by_o all_o but_o court_n 2._o hundred_o court_n 2._o the_o hundred_o court_n be_v still_o continue_v and_o they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v hold_v twice_o a_o year_n and_o all_o the_o freeholders_n within_o the_o hundred_o be_v bind_v to_o appear_v for_o the_o service_n of_o their_o fee_n and_o be_v the_o sheriff_n court_n and_o such_o appearance_n be_v call_v the_o sheriff_n turn_v where_o it_o belong_v to_o sheriff_n to_o inquire_v of_o all_o personal_a offence_n and_o of_o all_o their_o circumstance_n do_v within_o those_o hundred_o the_o other_o be_v the_o more_o ordinary_a court_n belong_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o hundred_o to_o who_o also_o belong_v the_o fine_n in_o case_n there_o concern_v this_o court_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v once_o in_o each_o month_n and_o no_o suit_n to_o be_v begin_v in_o the_o king_n court_n that_o regular_o aught_o to_o begin_v in_o the_o hundred_o no_o distringas_fw-la to_o issue_n forth_o till_o three_o demand_n make_v in_o the_o hundred_o and_o three_o distress_n then_o to_o issue_n forth_o and_o if_o upon_o the_o four_o the_o party_n appear_v not_o execution_z then_o to_o be_v by_o sale_n of_o the_o distress_n and_o the_o complainant_n to_o receive_v satisfaction_n 3._o and_o so_o likewise_o be_v the_o court_n baron_n etc._n etc._n continue_a and_o the_o lord_n hold_v plea_n either_o in_o their_o own_o person_n or_o by_o their_o steward_n but_o not_o to_o forget_v sir_n your_o question_n i_o shall_v now_o show_v you_o what_o the_o sovereign_a court_n of_o parliament_n be_v and_o who_o it_o consist_v of_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n and_o for_o this_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v needless_a to_o give_v you_o any_o more_o than_o one_o instance_n which_o as_o by_o the_o way_n it_o do_v impregnable_o assert_v that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n be_v a_o essential_a and_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o saxon_a general_n council_n so_o do_v it_o i_o think_v full_o and_o clear_o refute_v and_o bassle_v that_o novel_a erroneous_a notion_n margin_n the_o anonimous_a authâr_n p._n 20._o in_o the_o margin_n viz._n that_o there_o be_v no_o commons_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o saxon_a great_a council_n 14._o idem_fw-la p._n 13_o 14._o nor_o any_o thing_n that_o tend_v towards_o the_o proof_n of_o theâ_n commons_o of_o those_o time_n to_o have_v have_v any_o share_n in_o make_v law_n in_o those_o council_n the_o memorable_a instance_n be_v the_o mighty_a law_n of_o tithe_n which_o be_v make_v and_o ordain_v a_o rege_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la 139_o lambard_n de_fw-fr priscis_fw-la augl_n legibus_fw-la c._n â_o fol._n 139_o by_o the_o king_n his_o baron_n and_o his_o people_n 621._o spelm._n council_n tom._n 1._o f._n 621._o now_o william_n the_o first_o in_o that_o little_a time_n of_o rest_n he_o have_v from_o foreign_a war_n with_o the_o french_a king_n and_o his_o neighbour_a prince_n to_o normandy_n do_v apply_v both_o it_o and_o himself_o in_o the_o set_n of_o law_n here_o which_o be_v do_v not_o ex_fw-la plenitudine_fw-la regiae_n potestatis_fw-la no_o nor_o by_o the_o norman_a baron_n cooperate_a with_o that_o power_n but_o by_o the_o joint_a advice_n and_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o the_o grand_a council_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o wise_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n to_o prove_v which_o i_o shall_v produce_v the_o testimony_n of_o ancient_a writer_n who_o no_o man_n of_o historical_a understanding_n can_v modest_o impeach_v of_o partiality_n faction_n or_o interest_n in_o the_o case_n in_o question_n 1._o the_o first_o shall_v be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o litchfield_n 158._o lambard_n fol._n 158._o which_o tell_v we_o that_o this_o william_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n at_o london_n consilio_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o baron_n cause_v a_o general_n meeting_n or_o assembly_n to_o be_v summon_v per_fw-la universos_fw-la angliae_fw-la comitatus_fw-la omnes_fw-la nobiles_fw-la sapientes_fw-la &_o shall_fw-mi lege_fw-la eruditos_fw-la ut_fw-la eorum_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la audiret_fw-la i.e._n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n wise_a man_n and_o such_o as_o be_v skill_v in_o the_o law_n through_o all_o the_o county_n of_o england_n to_o hear_v what_o their_o law_n and_o custom_n be_v and_o after_o this_o be_v do_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o english_a community_n he_o do_v consent_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v confirm_v and_o so_o they_o be_v ratify_v and_o keep_v throughout_o all_o his_o kingdom_n the_o word_n be_v ad_fw-la preces_fw-la communitatis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ex_fw-la illo_fw-la die_fw-la magna_fw-la authoritate_fw-la veneratae_fw-la &_o per_fw-la universum_fw-la regnum_fw-la corroboratae_fw-la &_o conservatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la leges_fw-la sancti_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la prae_fw-la caeteris_fw-la regni_fw-la legibus_fw-la from_o this_o testimony_n i_o think_v it_o will_v plain_o appear_v 1._o that_o the_o barones_n svi_fw-la here_o of_o william_n can_v absolute_o exclude_v the_o english_a and_o only_o signify_v his_o norman_a baron_n upon_o those_o authority_n and_o reason_n i_o have_v already_o offer_v to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v equal_o barones_n francigeni_n &_o angli_fw-la nostri_fw-la in_o his_o time_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o my_o argument_n under_o the_o three_o question_n 2._o that_o the_o king_n have_v by_o the_o counsel_n of_o these_o his_o baron_n summon_v all_o the_o nobility_n wise_a man_n and_o those_o that_o be_v skill_v in_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n throughout_o all_o the_o county_n of_o england_n he_o then_o and_o there_o ratify_v and_o confirm_v the_o law_n of_o st._n edward_n 3._o and_o to_o prove_v that_o this_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o nobility_n wise_a man_n and_o able_a lawyer_n be_v a_o parliament_n i_o shall_v now_o give_v you_o the_o judgement_n of_o mr._n selden_n 580._o selden_n tit._n of_o hon._n f._n 580._o in_o his_o own_o word_n which_o be_v these_o viz._n that_o william_n the_o first_o in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n or_o mlxx._n which_o be_v the_o year_n wherein_o he_o first_o bring_v the_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n under_o the_o tenure_n of_o barony_n consilio_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la say_v hoveden_n lond._n in_o hen._n 2._o p._n 343_o e._n lond._n out_o of_o a_o collection_n of_o law_n write_v by_o glanvill_n fecit_fw-la summoniri_fw-la per_fw-la universos_fw-la consulatus_fw-la angliae_fw-la anglos_n nobiles_fw-la &_o sapientes_fw-la &_o sva_fw-la lege_fw-la eruditos_fw-la ut_fw-la eorum_fw-la jura_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la ab_fw-la ipsis_fw-la audiret_fw-la and_o twelve_o be_v return_v out_o of_o every_o county_n who_o show_v what_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v which_o be_v write_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o aldred_n arch_n bishop_n of_o york_n and_o hugo_n bishop_n of_o london_n be_v with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o same_o baron_n for_o the_o most_o part_n confirm_v in_o that_o assembly_n which_o be_v a_o parliament_n of_o that_o time_n and_o a_o little_a low_o he_o say_v this_o may_v be_v the_o same_o parliament_n wherein_o the_o controversy_n between_o thomas_n archbishop_n of_o york_n he_o be_v consecrate_v after_o the_o death_n of_o aldred_n the_o same_o year_n and_o to_o the_o same_o year_n this_o controversy_n be_v attribute_v and_o vlstan_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n touch_v certain_a possession_n be_v determine_v so_o that_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o observe_v that_o 1._o there_o be_v english_a man_n in_o this_o council_n by_o the_o word_n anglos_n nobiles_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o 2._o beside_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o st._n edward_n here_o mention_v it_o may_v reasonable_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o law_n for_o bring_v the_o bishop_n and_o
enforce_v what_o i_o already_o have_v say_v i_o shall_v conclude_v my_o discourse_n at_o present_a with_o a_o very_a memorable_a and_o study_a speech_n of_o a_o person_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o ability_n in_o his_o time_n collect_v out_o of_o a_o large_a original_a manuscript_n which_o i_o have_v see_v of_o sir_n roger_n owen_n a_o very_a great_a antiquary_n that_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n james_n and_o one_o who_o as_o appear_v by_o that_o book_n be_v a_o man_n not_o only_o of_o wonderful_a knowledge_n and_o admirable_a observation_n in_o the_o record_n and_o history_n of_o his_o own_o nation_n but_o also_o in_o those_o of_o foreign_a country_n this_o be_v a_o speech_n of_o the_o then_o lord_n whitlock_n in_o novemb_n 1650._o upon_o the_o house_n long_a and_o smart_a debate_n touch_v the_o act_n for_o put_v all_o the_o book_n of_o law_n and_o the_o process_n and_o proceed_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n into_o the_o english_a tongue_n in_o which_o debate_v some_o speak_v in_o derogation_n and_o dishonour_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n for_o some_o vindication_n whereof_o and_o for_o satisfy_v some_o mistake_v he_o deliver_v his_o opinion_n in_o the_o house_n to_o this_o effect_n it_o be_v now_o new_o print_v in_o mr._n whitlock_n memorial_n of_o the_o english_a affair_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v here_o true_o transcribe_v mr._n speaker_n the_o question_n upon_o which_o your_o present_a debate_n arise_v be_v of_o no_o small_a moment_n nor_o be_v it_o easy_o or_o speedy_o to_o be_v determine_v for_o it_o comprehend_v no_o less_o than_o a_o total_a alteration_n of_o the_o frame_n and_o course_n of_o proceed_n of_o our_o law_n which_o have_v be_v establish_v and_o continue_v for_o so_o many_o year_n i_o shall_v not_o have_v trouble_v you_o with_o any_o of_o my_o weak_a discourse_n but_o that_o i_o apprehend_v some_o mistake_v and_o dishonour_n to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n if_o pass_v by_o without_o any_o answer_n may_v be_v of_o ill_a consequence_n and_o have_v attend_v to_o hear_v they_o answer_v by_o other_o who_o be_v not_o please_v to_o do_v it_o i_o hold_v myself_o the_o more_o engage_v in_o the_o duty_n of_o my_o profession_n to_o offer_v to_o your_o judgement_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v always_o submit_v what_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o and_o do_v suppose_v not_o to_o be_v impertinent_a for_o the_o rectify_v of_o some_o mistake_v which_o be_v among_o we_o a_o worthy_a gentleman_n be_v please_v to_o affirm_v with_o much_o confidence_n as_o he_o bring_v it_o in_o upon_o this_o debate_n that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v introduce_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n as_o among_o other_o argument_n he_o assert_v may_v appear_v by_o their_o be_v write_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n in_o his_o first_o assertion_n that_o our_o law_n be_v introduce_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n out_o of_o france_n i_o shall_v acknowledge_v that_o he_o have_v several_a both_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a author_n who_o he_o may_v follow_v therein_o the_o foreign_a author_n be_v jovius_n aemilius_n bodine_n hottoman_n dynothus_n volateran_n berault_n berkley_n choppinus_n vspargensis_n malines_n and_o polidore_n who_o affirm_v this_o erroneous_a piece_n of_o doctrine_n but_o the_o less_o to_o be_v regard_v from_o they_o because_o they_o be_v stranger_n to_o our_o law_n and_o take_v up_o upon_o trust_v what_o they_o publish_v in_o this_o point_n of_o our_o own_o countryman_n they_o have_v paris_n malmesbury_n matthew_n westminster_n fox_n cousin_n twine_v heyward_n milles_n fulbeck_n cowell_n ridley_n brown_n speed_n martin_n and_o some_o other_o all_o of_o they_o affirm_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v introduce_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n but_o their_o error_n be_v refute_v by_o sir_n roger_n owen_n in_o his_o manuscript_n who_o say_v that_o roger_n wendover_n and_o matthew_n paris_n be_v the_o first_o monk_n that_o hatch_v these_o addle_n eggs._n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o show_v you_o that_o the_o original_a of_o our_o law_n be_v not_o from_o the_o french_a that_o they_o be_v not_o introduce_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n out_o of_o normandy_n and_o i_o shall_v humble_o offer_v to_o you_o my_o answer_n to_o some_o of_o their_o argument_n who_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n polydore_v hist._n angl._n l._n 9_o affirm_v that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n first_o appoint_v sheriff_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n erect_a tenor_n bring_v in_o trial_n by_o twelve_o man_n and_o several_a other_o particular_n of_o our_o law_n for_o sheriff_n their_o name_n scire_fw-la reeve_n show_v they_o to_o be_v of_o the_o saxon_a institution_n and_o our_o history_n mention_v the_o division_n of_o shire_n by_o king_n alphred_n but_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v much_o more_o ancient_a and_o it_o be_v apparent_a by_o our_o book_n and_o record_n some_o whereof_z be_v in_o the_o husting_n of_o london_n and_o in_o the_o tower_n that_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v in_o use_n here_o long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o king_n will._n i._n sir_n roger_n owen_n show_v at_o large_a that_o livery_n of_o seisin_n licenses_n or_o fine_n for_o alienation_n daughter_n to_o inherit_v trial_n by_o jury_n abjuration_n utlary_n coroner_n dispose_v of_o land_n by_o will_n escheat_n gaol_n writ_n wreck_n warranties_n catalla_fw-la fellonum_n and_o many_o other_o part_n of_o our_o law_n and_o the_o form_n of_o our_o parliament_n themselves_o be_v here_o in_o be_v before_o the_o time_n of_o duke_n william_n agree_v hereunto_o be_v many_o of_o our_o historian_n and_o learned_a antiquary_n but_o it_o be_v object_v that_o in_o the_o grand_a custumary_n of_o normandy_n the_o law_n be_v almost_o all_o the_o same_o with_o we_o of_o england_n and_o the_o form_n of_o their_o parliament_n the_o same_o with_o we_o that_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o preface_n to_o that_o book_n say_v it_o contain_v only_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o normandy_n by_o the_o council_n of_o their_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o wise_a man_n which_o show_v the_o form_n of_o their_o parliament_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o we_o and_o the_o law_n in_o that_o book_n to_o be_v the_o proper_a law_n of_o normandy_n and_o we_o to_o be_v the_o same_o therefore_o they_o argue_v that_o our_o law_n be_v introduce_v from_o thence_o by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n this_o will_v be_v full_o answer_v if_o that_o grand_a custumary_n of_o normandy_n be_v compose_v in_o our_o king_n edw._n 1._o his_o time_n as_o good_a author_n hold_v it_o be_v than_o it_o can_v be_v that_o our_o law_n or_o parliament_n can_v be_v derive_v from_o thence_o these_o learned_a man_n say_v that_o this_o custumary_n be_v a_o mere_a translation_n of_o our_o law-book_n glanvill_n as_o the_o book_n of_o regius_fw-la majestas_fw-la of_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n be_v and_o the_o like_a of_o the_o law_n of_o burgundy_n they_o far_o add_v that_o the_o first_o establish_v of_o the_o custumary_n of_o normandy_n be_v in_o hen._n 1._o his_o time_n and_o afterward_o again_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o edw._n 2._o his_fw-la time_n if_o the_o law_n in_o the_o custumary_n be_v introduce_v there_o from_o england_n it_o will_v then_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v not_o introduce_v here_o by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n but_o i_o think_v it_o very_o clear_a that_o their_o law_n be_v bring_v to_o they_o out_o of_o england_n and_o than_o you_o will_v all_o agree_v to_o the_o conclusion_n our_o king_n hen._n 1._o conquer_v normandy_n from_o his_o brother_n robert_n and_o be_v a_o learned_a king_n as_o his_o name_n beauclerke_n testify_v who_o ivo_n call_v a_o especial_a establisher_n of_o justice._n sequerius_n relate_v that_o this_o king_n establish_v the_o english_a law_n in_o normandy_n herewith_o do_v agree_v gulielmus_fw-la brito_n armoricus_fw-la rutclurius_fw-la and_o other_o french_a writer_n who_o mention_n also_o that_o the_o law_n in_o the_o custumary_n of_o normandy_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o law_n collect_v by_o our_o english_a king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o be_v before_o the_o conqueror_n a_o additional_a testimony_n hereof_o be_v out_o of_o william_n de_fw-fr alenso_n revile_v who_o in_o his_o comment_n upon_o the_o custumary_n say_v that_o all_o the_o law_n of_o normandy_n come_v from_o the_o english_a law_n and_o nation_n in_o the_o custumary_n there_o be_v a_o chapter_n of_o nampe_n or_o distress_n and_o decree_v that_o one_o shall_v not_o bring_v his_o action_n upon_o any_o seizure_n but_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n richard_n and_o this_o must_v be_v our_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o because_o no_o king_n of_o france_n be_v in_o that_o time_n of_o that_o name_n and_o the_o word_n nampe_n and_o withernams_n be_v saxon_a word_n take_v out_o of_o the_o english_a law_n signify_v a_o pawn_n
regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la in_o his_o second_o charter_n date_v anno_fw-la 15._o of_o his_o reign_n he_o say_v in_o honour_n of_o king_n edward_n who_o make_v i_o his_o heir_n and_o adopt_v i_o to_o rule_v over_o this_o nation_n in_o his_o charter_n date_v 1088._o of_o the_o liberty_n of_o st._n martin_n the_o great_a in_o the_o manuscript_n thereof_o be_v these_o word_n in_o example_n of_o moses_n who_o build_v the_o tabernable_a and_o of_o solomon_n who_o build_v the_o temple_n ego_fw-la guilielmus_fw-la dei_fw-la dispositione_n &_o consanguinitatis_fw-la haereditate_fw-la anglorum_fw-la basileus_n etc._n etc._n the_o charter_n of_o hen._n 1._o his_o son_n to_o this_o abbey_n in_o honour_n of_o edward_n my_o kinsman_n who_o adopt_v my_o father_n and_o his_o child_n to_o be_v heir_n to_o this_o kingdom_n etc._n etc._n in_o another_o charter_n of_o hen._n 1._o in_o the_o book_n of_o ely_n he_o call_v himself_o the_o son_n of_o king_n william_n the_o great_a who_o by_o hereditary_n right_o succeed_v king_n edward_n it_o be_v true_a as_o to_o his_o pretence_n of_o title_n by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o confessor_n matthew_n paris_n object_v that_o the_o devise_n be_v void_a be_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o baron_n to_o which_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o probable_o the_o law_n may_v be_v so_o in_o hen._n 3._o time_n when_o paris_n write_v and_o be_v so_o take_v to_o be_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o carlisle_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o king_n john_n but_o at_o the_o time_n of_o duke_n william_n invasion_n the_o law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v that_o a_o kingdom_n may_v be_v transfer_v by_o will._n so_o be_v that_o of_o sixtus_n rufus_n and_o asia_n come_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o will_n of_o king_n attalus_n the_o word_n by_o annaeus_n florus_n be_v populus_fw-la romanus_n bonorum_fw-la meorum_fw-la haeres_fw-la esto_fw-la bithynia_n come_v to_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o last_o will_n of_o their_o king_n nicomedes_n which_o be_v remember_v by_o vtropius_fw-la together_o with_o that_o of_o libya_n cicero_n in_o his_o oration_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o alexandria_n by_o the_o last_o will_n of_o their_o king_n be_v devolve_v to_o rome_n and_o prasutagus_n rex_fw-la icenorum_n in_o england_n upon_o his_o deathbed_n give_v his_o kingdom_n to_o the_o emperor_n nero._n as_o to_o example_n in_o this_o point_n at_o home_n this_o king_n william_n the_o first_o by_o his_o will_n give_v england_n to_o his_o young_a son_n william_n rufus_n king_n stephen_n claim_v by_o the_o will_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o have_v power_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o order_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o he_o please_v by_o will._n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n in_o queen_n mary_n time_n write_v to_o she_o that_o the_o lady_n iane_n title_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v by_o the_o will_n and_o letter_n of_o edward_n the_o six_o as._n the_o case_n of_o hen._n 8._o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n so_o duke_n william_n after_o he_o have_v conquer_v harold_n be_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o people_n of_o england_n accept_v for_o their_o king_n and_o so_o his_o title_n by_o will_n confirm_v and_o he_o both_o claim_v and_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n as_o a_o heir_n and_o successor_n confirm_v their_o ancient_a law_n and_o rule_v according_a to_o they_o this_o appear_v by_o chronica_fw-la chronicorum_fw-la speak_v of_o william_n the_o bastard_n king_n of_o england_n and_o duke_n of_o normandy_n he_o say_v that_o whereas_o as_o st._n edward_n have_v no_o heir_n of_o england_n william_n have_v conquer_v harold_n the_o usurper_n obtain_v the_o crown_n under_o this_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v inviolable_o observe_v those_o law_n give_v by_o the_o say_v edward_n it_o be_v testify_v likewise_o by_o many_o of_o our_o historian_n that_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n be_v confirm_v by_o duke_n william_n jornalensis_n say_v that_o out_o of_o the_o merchen-lage_n west-saxon-lage_n and_o dane-lage_n the_o confessor_n compose_v the_o common_a law_n which_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n malmesbury_n who_o live_v in_o duke_n william_n time_n say_v that_o the_o king_n be_v swear_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o the_o confessor_n so_o call_v say_v he_o because_o he_o observe_v they_o most_o religious_o but_o to_o make_v this_o point_n clear_a out_o of_o ingulphus_n he_o say_v in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o chronicle_n i_o ingulphus_n bring_v with_o i_o from_o london_n into_o my_o monastery_n crowland_n the_o law_n of_o the_o most_o righteous_a king_n edward_n which_o my_o lord_n king_n william_n do_v command_v by_o his_o proclamation_n to_o be_v authentic_a and_o perpetual_a and_o to_o be_v observe_v throughout_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o england_n upon_o pain_n of_o most_o heinous_a punishment_n the_o lieger-book_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o waltham_n commend_v duke_n william_n for_o restore_v the_o law_n of_o the_o englishman_n out_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o country_n radburn_n follow_v this_o opinion_n and_o these_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v the_o same_o in_o part_n which_o be_v continue_v in_o our_o great_a charter_n of_o liberty_n a_o manuscript_n entitle_v de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la say_v that_o at_o a_o parliament_n at_o london_n 4._o w._n 1._o the_o lawyer_n also_o present_a that_o the_o king_n may_v hear_v their_o law_n he_o establish_a saint_n edward_n law_n they_o be_v former_o use_v in_o king_n edgar_n time_n there_o be_v also_o mention_v of_o the_o twelve_o man_n out_o of_o every_o county_n to_o deliver_v true_o the_o estate_n of_o their_o law_n the_o same_o be_v remember_v by_o selden_n history_n of_o tithe_n and_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o in_o a_o manuscript_n chronicle_v bind_v with_o the_o book_n of_o ely_n in_o cotton_n library_n one_o of_o the_o worthy_a gentleman_n from_o who_o i_o differ_v in_o opinion_n be_v please_v to_o say_v that_o if_o william_n the_o conqueror_n do_v not_o introduce_v the_o law_n of_o normandy_n into_o england_n yet_o he_o conceive_v our_o law_n to_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o france_n hither_o in_o the_o time_n of_o some_o other_o of_o our_o king_n who_o have_v large_a territory_n in_o france_n and_o bring_v in_o their_o law_n hither_o else_o he_o wonder_v how_o our_o law_n shall_v be_v in_o french_a sir_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o satisfy_v his_o wonder_n therein_o by_o and_o by_o but_o first_o with_o your_o leave_n i_o shall_v offer_v to_o you_o some_o probability_n out_o of_o the_o history_n that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v by_o some_o of_o those_o king_n carry_v into_o france_n rather_o than_o the_o law_n of_o france_n bring_v hither_o this_o be_v express_o affirm_v by_o paulus_n jovius_n who_o write_v that_o when_o the_o english_a king_n reign_v in_o a_o great_a part_n of_o france_n they_o teach_v the_o french_a their_o law_n sabellicus_n a_o venetian_a historian_n write_v that_o the_o norman_n in_o their_o manner_n and_o custom_n and_o law_n follow_v the_o english_a polydore_v virgil_n contradict_v himself_o in_o another_o place_n than_o before_o cite_v relate_v that_o in_o our_o king_n hen._n 6._o time_n the_o duke_n of_o bedford_n call_v together_o the_o chief_a man_n of_o all_o the_o city_n in_o normandy_n and_o deliver_v in_o his_o oration_n to_o they_o the_o many_o benefit_n that_o the_o english_a afford_v they_o especial_o in_o that_o the_o english_a give_v to_o they_o their_o custom_n and_o law_n by_o the_o chronicle_n of_o eltham_n h._n 5._o send_v to_o cane_n in_o normandy_n not_o only_o divine_n but_o english_a common_a lawyer_n by_o the_o agreement_n at_o troy_n so_o there_o be_v much_o more_o probability_n that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v introduce_v into_o france_n and_o normandy_n than_o that_o the_o law_n of_o normandy_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o france_n be_v introduce_v into_o england_n if_o the_o norman_n have_v be_v conqueror_n of_o england_n as_o they_o be_v not_o but_o their_o duke_n be_v only_o a_o conqueror_n of_o harold_n and_o receive_v as_o hereditary_a king_n of_o england_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o probable_a they_o will_v have_v change_v our_o law_n and_o have_v introduce_v they_o because_o they_o do_v not_o use_v to_o do_v so_o upon_o other_o conquest_n the_o norman_n conquer_v the_o isle_n of_o guernsey_n and_o jersey_n yet_o alter_v not_o their_o law_n which_o in_o their_o local_a custom_n be_v like_a unto_o we_o the_o like_a they_o do_v in_o sicily_n naples_n and_o apulia_n where_o they_o be_v conqueror_n yet_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o those_o country_n be_v continue_v i_o hope_v mr._n speaker_n i_o have_v by_o this_o time_n give_v some_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o worthy_a gentleman_n who_o differ_v from_o i_o that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v not_o impose_v upon_o we_o by_o the_o conqueror_n nor_o bring_v over_o
hither_o either_o out_o of_o normandy_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o franâe_n but_o be_v our_o ancient_a native_a lawâ_n i_o must_v now_o come_v to_o endeavour_v also_o to_o satisfy_v the_o wonder_n if_o they_o be_v not_o bring_v out_o of_o normandy_n or_o some_o other_o part_n of_o france_n how_o come_v they_o then_o to_o be_v write_v in_o the_o french_a language_n sir_n it_o be_v to_o i_o a_o argument_n that_o because_o they_o be_v write_v in_o french_a therefore_o they_o be_v not_o bring_v in_o by_o duke_n william_n the_o norman_a for_o the_o french_a tongue_n be_v not_o the_o language_n of_o duke_n william_n and_o the_o norman_n they_o have_v not_o be_v then_o in_o duke_n william_n time_n past_o four_o descent_n in_o that_o part_n of_o france_n and_o it_o be_v improbable_a that_o they_o in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n shall_v lose_v their_o native_a tongue_n and_o take_v up_o and_o use_v the_o language_n of_o another_o country_n which_o be_v conquer_v by_o they_o the_o norman_n come_v from_o sweden_n gothland_n norway_n and_o denmark_n between_o who_o language_n and_o with_o the_o high-dutch_a their_o neighbour_n there_o be_v a_o great_a affinity_n but_o between_o these_o language_n and_o the_o french_a there_o be_v none_o at_o al._n vlphilus_fw-la hold_v that_o the_o dutch_a tongue_n come_v from_o the_o goth_n jornandus_n say_v the_o goth_n tongue_n come_v from_o the_o dutch._n all_o agree_v that_o between_o those_o language_n and_o the_o french_a there_o be_v no_o affinity_n it_o be_v so_o improbable_a that_o duke_n william_n shall_v cause_v our_o law_n to_o be_v in_o french_a that_o when_o he_o proclaim_v they_o as_o ingulphus_n testify_v he_o command_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v use_v in_o the_o same_o language_n they_o be_v write_v in_o english_a to_o his_o justice_n and_o give_v the_o reason_n lest_o by_o ignonorance_n we_o shall_v happen_v to_o break_v they_o but_o it_o have_v be_v further_o object_v if_o duke_n william_n do_v not_o cause_v our_o law_n to_o be_v write_v in_o french_a what_o then_o shall_v be_v the_o reason_n that_o the_o grand_a custumary_n of_o his_o norman_a law_n be_v write_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v give_v that_o the_o norman_n be_v a_o rough_a and_o martial_a people_n have_v few_o clerk_n among_o they_o but_o make_v use_v of_o those_o french_a among_o who_o they_o then_o live_v and_o who_o language_n they_o then_o begin_v to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o and_o to_o understand_v but_o when_o they_o be_v in_o england_n they_o have_v not_o so_o much_o use_v of_o those_o clerk_n and_o that_o language_n but_o more_o of_o the_o english_a and_o probable_o it_o may_v be_v that_o the_o confessor_n have_v be_v so_o long_o in_o france_n that_o he_o be_v more_o master_n of_o that_o language_n than_o the_o norman_n and_o that_o the_o norman_n understand_v that_o language_n better_o than_o the_o english_a and_o thereupon_o the_o custumary_n be_v write_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n but_o it_o do_v not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o duke_n william_n must_v cause_v the_o english_a law_n to_o be_v write_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n but_o it_o be_v more_o likely_a that_o he_o may_v cause_v they_o to_o be_v continue_v in_o their_o native_a idiom_n which_o be_v much_o near_o in_o affinity_n to_o his_o own_o northern_a language_n than_o the_o french_a be_v that_o the_o french_a tongue_n be_v not_o introduce_v as_o to_o our_o law_n and_o other_o thing_n by_o duke_n william_n into_o england_n appear_v in_o that_o the_o french_a be_v in_o great_a use_n with_o we_o here_o both_o before_o and_o sometime_n after_o his_o invasion_n beda_n affirm_v that_o in_o anno_fw-la 640_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n to_o send_v their_o daughter_n into_o the_o monastery_n of_o france_n to_o be_v bring_v up_o there_o and_o that_o ethelbert_n ethelwulf_n ethelred_n and_o other_o saxon_a king_n marry_v into_o the_o royal_a blood_n of_o france_n gââbor_fw-la note_n that_o before_o the_o time_n of_o duke_n william_n the_o norman_n and_o english_a do_v so_o link_v together_o that_o they_o be_v a_o terror_n to_o foreign_a nation_n ingulphus_n say_v that_o the_o saxon_a hand_n be_v use_v until_o the_o time_n of_o king_n alfred_n long_o before_o the_o time_n of_o duke_n william_n and_o that_o he_o be_v bring_v up_o by_o french_a teacher_n use_v the_o french_a hand_n and_o he_o note_v many_o charter_n of_o edward_n and_o edgar_n write_v in_o the_o french_a hand_n and_o some_o saxon_a mix_v with_o it_o as_o in_o the_o book_n of_o doomsday_n that_o edward_n the_o confessor_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o long_a be_v in_o france_n be_v turn_v into_o the_o french_a fashion_n and_o all_o england_n with_o he_o but_o that_o william_n the_o first_o command_v our_o law_n to_o be_v write_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n because_o most_o man_n understand_v it_o and_o that_o there_o be_v many_o of_o his_o patent_n in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n i_o suppose_v we_o may_v be_v satisfy_v that_o william_n the_o first_o do_v not_o cause_v our_o law_n to_o be_v write_v in_o french_a though_o the_o french_a language_n be_v much_o in_o use_n here_o before_o his_o time_n and_o if_o he_o do_v not_o introduce_v the_o french_a language_n into_o england_n the_o argument_n fall_v that_o because_o they_o be_v write_v in_o french_a therefore_o he_o bring_v they_o in_o but_o sir_n i_o shall_v offer_v you_o some_o conjecture_n how_o it_o come_v that_o our_o law_n be_v write_v in_o french_a which_o i_o suppose_v may_v be_v begin_v in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o k._n hen._n 2._o who_o be_v a_o frenchman_n bear_v and_o have_v large_a territory_n and_o relation_n in_o france_n and_o with_o frenchman_n of_o who_o great_a number_n come_v into_o england_n and_o they_o and_o the_o english_a match_v and_o live_v together_o both_o here_o and_o in_o some_o part_n of_o france_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v as_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la note_n that_o the_o english_a tongue_n be_v in_o great_a use_n in_o bordeaux_n and_o in_o other_o part_n of_o france_n where_o the_o englishman_n be_v resident_a and_o conversant_a the_o like_a be_v when_o the_o frenchman_n be_v so_o conversant_a in_o england_n matthew_n westminster_n write_v that_o he_o be_v in_o hazard_n of_o lose_v his_o live_n because_o he_o understand_v not_o the_o french_a tongue_n and_o that_o in_o king_n hen._n 2._o and_o king_n stephen_n time_n who_o have_v large_a dominion_n in_o france_n their_o native_a country_n and_o the_o number_n of_o french_a and_o of_o match_n with_o they_o be_v so_o great_a that_o one_o can_v hardly_o know_v who_o be_v french_a and_o who_o english_a gervasius_n tilsberiensis_n observe_v the_o same_o and_o brackland_n write_v that_o in_o rich._n 1._o time_n preach_v in_o england_n be_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n probably_n plead_v may_v be_v so_o likewise_o and_o in_o king_n john_n time_n french_a be_v account_v as_o the_o mother_n tongue_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o deed_n of_o our_o king_n in_o french_a before_o hen._n 2._o his_o time_n the_o most_o be_v in_o ed._n 1._o and_o ed._n 2._o their_o time_n that_o our_o law_n be_v plead_v and_o write_v in_o french_a before_o edw._n 3._o his_o time_n appear_v by_o the_o stat._n 36._o edw._n 3._o c._n 15._o which_o recite_v the_o mischief_n of_o the_o law_n be_v in_o french_a and_o enact_n that_o the_o law_n shall_v thereafter_o be_v plead_v in_o english_a and_o enroll_v in_o latin_n this_o be_v one_o ground_n of_o the_o mistake_a opinion_n of_o lambard_n polydore_n speed_v and_o other_o that_o duke_n william_n bring_v in_o hither_o both_o the_o norman_a law_n and_o language_n which_o i_o apprehend_v to_o be_v full_o answer_v and_o the_o contrary_n manifest_v by_o what_o i_o have_v say_v before_o on_o this_o subject_a polydore_n mistake_n may_v appear_v the_o more_o when_o he_o assert_n that_o by_o the_o stat._n 36._o edw._n 3._o matter_n be_v to_o be_v enroll_v in_o english_a which_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o express_a word_n that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v enroll_v in_o latin_n many_o of_o our_o law-book_n be_v write_v in_o latin_a before_o the_o norman_a invasion_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o ancient_a roll_n of_o manor_n and_o court_n baron_n and_o our_o old_a author_n glanvill_n bracton_n tilsbury_n hengham_n fleta_n the_o register_n and_o the_o book_n of_o entry_n the_o record_n at_o westminster_n and_o the_o tower_n and_o other_o record_n yet_o extant_a be_v in_o latin_a and_o many_o book_n of_o our_o law_n in_o latin_a be_v translate_v into_o english_a about_o edw._n 3._o his_o time_n most_o of_o our_o statute_n from_o edw._n 1._o his_o time_n till_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o hen._n 7._o his_o reign_n be_v enroll_v in_o french_a notwithstanding_o this_o stat._n 36._o edw._n 3._o except_o the_o stat._n 6._o r._n 2._o &_o some_o other_o
in_o latin_n r._n 2._o h._n 4._o h._n 5._o and_o h._n 6._o use_v to_o write_v their_o letter_n in_o french_a and_o some_o of_o our_o plead_n be_v in_o french_a and_o in_o the_o common_a plea_n to_o our_o time_n but_o sir_n our_o law_n be_v lex_fw-la non_fw-la scripta_fw-la i_o mean_v our_o common_a law_n and_o our_o statute_n record_n and_o book_n which_o be_v write_v in_o french_a be_v no_o argument_n that_o therefore_o the_o original_a of_o our_o law_n be_v from_o france_n but_o they_o be_v in_o be_v before_o any_o of_o the_o french_a language_n be_v in_o our_o law_n fortescue_n write_v that_o the_o english_a keep_v their_o account_n in_o french_a yet_o doubtless_o they_o have_v account_n here_o and_o revenue_n before_o the_o french_a language_n be_v in_o use_n here_o my_o lord_n cook_n say_v that_o the_o conqueror_n teach_v the_o english_a the_o norman_a term_n of_o hawk_v hunt_v and_o game_n etc._n etc._n yet_o no_o doubt_n but_o that_o these_o recreation_n be_v in_o use_n with_o we_o before_o his_o time_n and_o though_o duke_n william_n or_o any_o other_o of_o our_o king_n before_o or_o after_o his_o time_n do_v bring_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n among_o we_o yet_o that_o be_v no_o argument_n that_o he_o or_o they_o do_v change_v or_o introduce_v our_o law_n which_o undoubted_o be_v here_o long_o before_o those_o time_n and_o some_o of_o they_o when_o the_o french_a tongue_n be_v so_o much_o in_o use_n here_o be_v translate_v write_v and_o plead_v and_o record_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n yet_o remain_v the_o same_o law_n still_o and_o from_o the_o great_a use_n of_o the_o french_a tongue_n here_o it_o be_v that_o the_o reporter_n of_o our_o lawcase_n and_o judgement_n which_o be_v in_o those_o time_n do_v write_v their_o report_n in_o french_a which_o be_v the_o pure_a french_a in_o that_o time_n though_o mix_v with_o some_o word_n of_o art_n those_o term_n of_o art_n be_v take_v many_o of_o they_o from_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n and_o may_v be_v see_v by_o they_o yet_o use_v and_o the_o reporter_n of_o late_a time_n and_o our_o student_n at_o this_o day_n use_v to_o take_v their_o note_n in_o french_a follow_v the_o old_a report_n which_o they_o have_v study_v and_o the_o old_a french_a which_o as_o in_o other_o language_n by_o time_n come_v to_o be_v vary_v i_o shall_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o some_o monk_n in_o elder_a time_n and_o some_o clerk_n and_o officer_n may_v have_v a_o cunning_a for_o their_o private_a honour_n and_o profit_n to_o keep_v up_o a_o mystery_n to_o have_v as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v of_o our_o law_n to_o be_v in_o a_o kind_n of_o mystery_n to_o the_o uulgar_a to_o be_v the_o less_o understand_v by_o they_o but_o the_o councillor_n at_o law_n and_o judge_n can_v have_v no_o advantage_n by_o it_o but_o perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o the_o law_n be_v in_o english_a and_o general_o more_o understand_v yet_o not_o sufficient_o will_v occasion_v the_o more_o suit_n and_o possible_o there_o may_v be_v something_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n as_o to_o the_o court_n hand_n yet_o if_o the_o more_o common_a hand_n be_v use_v in_o our_o law-writing_n they_o will_v be_v the_o more_o subject_a to_o change_v as_o the_o english_a and_o other_o language_n be_v but_o not_o the_o latin_n sure_o the_o french_a tongue_n use_v in_o our_o report_n and_o law-book_n deserve_v not_o to_o be_v so_o envious_o decry_v as_o it_o be_v by_o polydore_n aliot_n daniel_n hottoman_n cowell_n and_o other_o censurer_n but_o mr._n speaker_n if_o i_o have_v be_v tedious_a i_o humble_o ask_v your_o pardon_n and_o have_v the_o more_o hope_n to_o obtain_v it_o from_o so_o many_o worthy_a english_a gentleman_n when_o that_o which_o i_o have_v say_v be_v chief_o in_o vindication_n of_o their_o own_o native_a law_n unto_o which_o i_o hold_v myself_o the_o more_o oblige_v by_o the_o duty_n of_o my_o profession_n and_o i_o account_v it_o a_o honour_n to_o i_o to_o be_v a_o lawyer_n as_o to_o the_o debate_n and_o matter_n of_o the_o act_n now_o before_o you_o i_o have_v deliver_v no_o opinion_n against_o it_o nor_o do_v i_o think_v it_o reasonable_a that_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n shall_v by_o a_o implicit_a faith_n depend_v upon_o the_o knowledge_n of_o other_o in_o that_o which_o concern_v they_o most_o of_o all_o it_o be_v the_o romish_a policy_n to_o keep_v they_o in_o ignorance_n of_o matter_n pertain_v to_o their_o soul_n health_n let_v they_o not_o be_v in_o ignorance_n of_o matter_n pertain_v to_o their_o body_n estate_n and_o all_o their_o worldly_a comfort_n it_o be_v not_o unreasonable_a that_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o language_n which_o may_v best_o be_v understand_v by_o those_o who_o life_n and_o fortune_n be_v subject_a to_o it_o and_o be_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o it_o moses_n read_v all_o the_o law_n open_o before_o the_o people_n in_o their_o mother_n tongue_n god_n direct_v he_o to_o write_v it_o and_o to_o expound_v it_o to_o the_o people_n in_o their_o own_o native_a language_n that_o what_o concern_v their_o life_n liberty_n and_o estate_n may_v be_v make_v know_v unto_o they_o in_o their_o most_o perspicuous_a way_n the_o law_n of_o the_o eastern_a nation_n be_v in_o their_o proper_a tongue_n the_o law_n at_o constantinople_n be_v in_o greek_a at_o rome_n in_o latin_a in_o france_n spain_n germany_n sweden_n denmark_n and_o other_o nation_n their_o law_n be_v publish_v in_o their_o native_a idiom_n for_o your_o own_o country_n there_o be_v no_o man_n that_o can_v read_v the_o saxon_a character_n but_o may_v find_v the_o law_n of_o their_o ancestor_n yet_o extant_a in_o the_o english_a tongue_n duke_n william_n himself_o command_v the_o law_n to_o be_v proclaim_v in_o english_a that_o none_o may_v pretend_v ignorance_n of_o they_o it_o be_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o parliament_n 36._o edw._n 3._o that_o plead_n shall_v be_v in_o english_a and_o in_o the_o reign_v of_o those_o king_n when_o our_o statute_n be_v enroll_v in_o french_a and_o english_a yet_o than_o the_o sheriff_n in_o their_o several_a county_n be_v to_o proclaim_v they_o in_o english_a i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o a_o complaint_n of_o what_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o abroad_o from_o some_o military_a person_n nothing_o but_o scoff_v and_o invective_n against_o our_o law_n and_o threat_v to_o take_v it_o away_o but_o the_o law_n be_v above_o the_o reach_n of_o those_o weapon_n which_o at_o one_o time_n or_o another_o will_v return_v upon_o those_o that_o use_v they_o solid_n argument_n strong_a reason_n and_o authority_n be_v more_o fit_a for_o confutation_n of_o any_o error_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o different_a judgement_n when_o the_o emperor_n take_v a_o bishop_n in_o complete_a armour_n in_o a_o battle_n he_o send_v the_o armour_n to_o the_o pope_n with_o these_o word_n haeccine_fw-la sunt_fw-la vestes_fw-la filii_fw-la tui_fw-la so_o may_v i_o say_v to_o those_o gentleman_n abroad_o as_o to_o their_o rail_n taunt_n and_o threat_n against_o the_o law_n haeccine_fw-la sunt_fw-la argumenta_fw-la horum_fw-la antinomianorum_n they_o will_v be_v find_v of_o no_o force_n but_o recoil_v arms._n nor_o be_v it_o ingenious_a or_o prudent_a sore_a englishman_n to_o deprave_v their_o birthright_n the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n thus_o sir_n have_v i_o impartial_o give_v you_o my_o sentiment_n of_o uuilliam_n the_o first_o his_o conquest_n which_o have_v be_v so_o terrible_o and_o frightful_o represent_v and_o publish_v to_o the_o uuorld_n by_o the_o ignorance_n interest_n and_o artifice_n of_o some_o modern_a uuriter_n thus_o have_v i_o as_o a_o english_a man_n endeavour_v to_o do_v my_o country_n justice_n and_o to_o support_v the_o true_a honour_n both_o of_o our_o worthy_a saxon_a ancestor_n and_o of_o our_o excellent_a and_o famous_a law_n against_o conquest_n and_o slavery_n as_o also_o to_o justify_v the_o ancient_a parliamentary_a right_n as_o well_o of_o lord_n as_o commons_o but_o yet_o for_o your_o full_a and_o clear_a satisfaction_n in_o this_o so_o weighty_a a_o point_n i_o shall_v refer_v you_o if_o you_o please_v to_o the_o learned_a and_o judicious_a discourse_n write_v in_o some_o measure_n more_o particular_o upon_o this_o subject_a never_o yet_o sufficient_o answer_v to_o my_o conviction_n though_o i_o have_v industrious_o compare_v and_o consider_v all_o the_o pretend_a answer_n and_o they_o together_o without_o the_o least_o of_o bias_n or_o prepossession_n and_o i_o hearty_o can_v wish_v other_o will_v do_v the_o like_a and_o that_o for_o truth_n be_v sake_n the_o discourse_n be_v these_o viz._n mr._n selden_n be_v jani_fw-la anglorum_fw-la fancy_n altera_fw-la mr._n sylas_n tailor_n be_v history_n of_o gavelkind_n mr._n petyt_n right_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n assert_v and_o mr._n attwood_n