ancient_a saxon_a testament_n of_o one_o arfrie_n a_o earl_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o light_n by_o master_n lambert_n in_o the_o description_n of_o mephem_n in_o the_o preambulation_n of_o kent_n in_o those_o time_n the_o thanis_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n deem_v noble_a and_o hold_v one_o and_o the_o same_o dignity_n as_o the_o baron_n do_v the_o word_n thanis_n be_v usual_a in_o that_o sense_n not_o only_o among_o our_o english_a saxon_n but_o also_o with_o the_o scot_n and_o dane_n as_o concern_v the_o scots_a hector_n poet_n write_v malcolmum_fw-la regem_fw-la titulo_fw-la comitatum_fw-la honestasse_fw-la and_o as_o touch_v the_o dane_n the_o thanis_n among_o they_o be_v yet_o in_o use_n as_o liberi_fw-la domini_fw-la such_o as_o be_v the_o baron_n by_o this_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n be_v not_o usual_a among_o the_o ancient_a english_a saxon_n for_o that_o in_o the_o subscription_n unto_o the_o grant_n of_o king_n whereunto_o with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o x_o be_v subscribe_v the_o name_n of_o all_o noble_a personage_n as_o well_o temporal_a as_o spiritual_a the_o say_a word_n baron_n can_v be_v hear_v of_o but_o in_o a_o ancient_a charter_n make_v in_o the_o name_n of_o zolpher_n sometime_o king_n of_o mercia_n unto_o the_o church_n of_o peter-borough_n have_v these_o word_n praecipimus_fw-la quod_fw-la predict_v monast_n &_o dona_fw-la sva_fw-la sint_fw-la habenda_fw-la etc._n etc._n ab_fw-la omni_fw-la diminutione_n &_o exact_a comitum_fw-la etc._n etc._n likewise_o to_o this_o effect_n have_v i_o see_v in_o a_o old_a book_n belong_v to_o the_o monast_n of_o west_n edg._n rex_fw-la concilio_fw-la habito_fw-la infra_fw-la basilicum_fw-la westm_n presidente_fw-la eo_fw-la cum_fw-la filio_fw-la svo_fw-la edw._n &_o dunstano_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la &_o universis_fw-la episc_n &_o baronibus_fw-la suis_fw-la dictan_fw-mi ecclesiam_fw-la de_fw-la westm._fw-la renovavit_fw-la nevertheless_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n be_v not_o much_o use_v within_o the_o realm_n until_o the_o norman_a conquest_n after_o which_o it_o grow_v very_o frequent_a in_o which_o time_n the_o notable_a case_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o realm_n be_v debate_v before_o he_o and_o his_o baron_n and_o by_o they_o adjudge_v as_o by_o divers_a monument_n extant_a may_v appear_v canterbury_n doomsday_n in_o canterbury_n whereof_o one_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o record_n of_o doomsday_n 3.6_o 21._o e._n 3.6_o quidam_fw-la preposit_n brumanus_n eo_fw-la tempore_fw-la r._n edw._n coepit_fw-la consuet_n de_fw-fr extraneis_fw-la mercatoribus_fw-la etc._n etc._n also_o 21._o ed._n 1._o do_v set_v forth_o by_o exemplification_n a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o a_o cause_n between_o the_o abbot_n of_o saint_n edmondsbury_n and_o arfast_n sometime_o bishop_n of_o thetford_n which_o see_v be_v afterward_o translate_v by_o herbert_n to_o norwich_n concern_v the_o visitation_n of_o the_o say_a monastery_n which_o parliament_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o say_a king_n the_o archbishop_z of_o cant_n berkshire_n berkshire_n and_o all_o other_o the_o bishop_n earl_n etc._n etc._n appear_v moreover_o in_o the_o record_n of_o doomsday_n in_o the_o description_n of_o donesh_n be_v declare_v that_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o say_a record_n there_o be_v at_o warham_n of_o certain_a baron_n land_n twenty_o house_n stand_v and_o seventy_o destroy_v by_o which_o appear_v that_o both_o name_n and_o dignity_n of_o a_o baron_n be_v sufficient_o know_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conquest_n and_o as_o touch_v the_o use_n of_o the_o name_n the_o word_n baron_n seem_v to_o be_v frequent_v among_o the_o norman_a conqu_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o lieu_n of_o the_o word_n thane_n among_o the_o saxon_n for_o as_o they_o in_o a_o large_a signification_n do_v sometime_o use_v the_o same_o to_o the_o sense_n etc._n etc._n of_o a_o free_a man_n bear_v of_o free_a parentage_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o do_v the_o norman_n use_v it_o and_o therefore_o call_v their_o free_a citizen_n of_o their_o best_a esteem_a city_n and_o burgess_n etc._n etc._n by_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n 272._o bracton_n 272._o and_o therefore_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n be_v call_v baron_n lond._n in_o divers_a ancient_a monument_n of_o who_o also_o bracton_n write_v per_fw-la barones_n lond._n etc._n etc._n so_o also_o there_o be_v diverse_a charter_n wherein_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o such_o like_a baron_n as_o the_o baron_n of_o warw._n in_o doomsday_n and_o in_o our_o time_n the_o burgess_n of_o the_o five_o port_n be_v call_v baron_n and_o divers_a of_o the_o nobility_n of_o baron_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a do_v in_o ancient_a time_n set_v in_o the_o exchequer_n in_o judicature_n moreover_o as_o our_o saxon_n have_v two_o kind_n of_o thanis_n exchequer_n fleta_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 24._o the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n have_v be_v from_o ancient_a time_n and_o yet_o be_v call_v baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v of_o baron_n among_o the_o norman_a conqu_n for_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v have_v their_o immediate_a baron_n be_v the_o peer_n of_o this_o realm_n so_o certain_a other_o nobleman_n especial_o the_o earl_n palatine_n and_o earl_n marcher_n who_o county_n have_v confine_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o enemy_n have_v have_v under_o they_o a_o kind_n of_o baron_n as_o namely_o under_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n be_v these_o baron_n the_o baron_n of_o hatton_n monbatte_n mulbanke_n shipbrooke_n malpas_n masy_n kingderston_n stockport_n etc._n etc._n the_o earldom_n of_o pembroke_n be_v first_o erect_v by_o arnulphus_n mountgomery_n camois_n 7_o h._n 6.35_o 17._o e._n 3._o inter_fw-la placita_fw-la 18._o e._n 2._o assis_n 30._o camois_n that_o conquer_v some_o part_n of_o the_o county_n and_o therefore_o the_o earl_n thereof_o be_v a_o earl_n marcher_n have_v also_o under_o he_o his_o baron_n for_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o parliament_n roll_n 18._o e._n 3._o that_o the_o barony_n of_o haverford_n cammois_n rochie_n and_o castlegoton_n be_v ancient_o belong_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o pembroke_n and_o have_v their_o chancery_n and_o scal_n as_o other_o baron_n upon_o the_o march_v use_v to_o have_v hereof_o also_o it_o follow_v not_o only_o in_o this_o realm_n but_o also_o elsewhere_o that_o earl_n have_v under_o they_o such_o as_o they_o call_v their_o baron_n who_o hold_v under_o they_o land_n in_o knight_n service_n and_o in_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o lord_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o register_n of_o the_o monast_n of_o saint_n james_n of_o northampton_n it_o be_v find_v that_o simon_n ea._n of_o northampton_n do_v get_v and_o confirm_v unto_o the_o say_a abbey_n omnia_fw-la dona_fw-la etc._n etc._n quae_fw-la barones_n svi_fw-la etc._n etc._n infra_fw-la burgum_fw-la &_o extra_fw-la north._n illis_fw-la dederunt_fw-la many_o old_a charter_n also_o be_v extant_a whereby_o it_o appear_v which_o now_o time_n have_v wear_v out_o of_o memory_n and_o yet_o the_o knowledge_n thereof_o serve_v to_o good_a purpose_n namely_o to_o reconcile_v the_o different_a opinion_n of_o some_o man_n concern_v the_o law_n 122._o 20._o e._n 3._o ass_n 122._o for_o 20._o e._n 3._o thorpe_n hold_v opinion_n that_o none_o can_v hold_v per_fw-mi baron_fw-fr but_o of_o the_o king_n only_o and_o that_o no_o subject_n can_v alien_n his_o land_n to_o another_o to_o hold_v of_o such_o alienor_fw-la per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la which_o some_o sergeant_n deny_v to_o the_o which_o opinion_n of_o sergeant_n wilby_n and_o other_o judge_n agree_v 7._o 2._o e._n 3._o ass_n 124._o prerog_n cap_n 7._o add_v further_o that_o before_o the_o statute_n of_o prerog_n regis_fw-la those_o that_o hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la may_v alien_n some_o parcel_n thereof_o to_o be_v hold_v by_o other_o since_o which_o be_v evident_a say_v he_o in_o this_o that_o the_o ancient_a barony_n do_v consist_v most_o of_o service_n which_o begin_v by_o occasion_n of_o such_o suit_n as_o aforesaid_a the_o assertion_n of_o both_o the_o say_a judge_n be_v good_a law_n for_o none_o can_v hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la but_o of_o the_o k._n qu._n etc._n etc._n monarch_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o again_o it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o some_o kind_n of_o feme_fw-fr a_o man_n may_v hold_v per_fw-mi baron_fw-fr of_o a_o subject_n but_o diversis_fw-la respect_n ergo_fw-la distinguendun_v est_fw-la none_o can_v hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la as_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o in_o course_n of_o perfect_a nobility_n but_o of_o the_o crown_n only_o for_o of_o this_o bar._n bracton_n understand_v when_o he_o say_v it_o be_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o these_o baron_n according_a to_o the_o law_n senderl_n be_v these_o capitanei_fw-la or_o valvasor_n majores_fw-la there_o speak_v of_o for_o qui_fw-la a_o principe_fw-la vel_fw-la ab_fw-la aliqua_fw-la potestate_fw-la de_fw-la plebe_fw-la aliquare_fw-la per_fw-la feudum_fw-la &_o vestitus_fw-la 10_o lib_fw-la 2._o feudall_n do_fw-mi
etc._n in_o procurator_n ad_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la parliamenta_fw-la per_fw-la clerum_fw-la mittenda_fw-la consentient_n &_o ut_fw-la moris_fw-la est_fw-la expensis_fw-la contribuant_fw-la corundam_fw-la in_o cujus_fw-la rei_fw-la test_n etc._n etc._n 15._o febr._fw-la anno_fw-la 26._o &_o franc._n 13._o per_fw-la petition_n parliament_n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o baron_n by_o tenure_n be_v summon_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o tenure_n as_o touch_v the_o temporal_a baron_n by_o tenure_n mention_n be_v often_o make_v of_o they_o in_o the_o yeare-booke_n record_n 6_o glan_n 9_o c._n 6_o etc._n etc._n as_o glanv_n lib._n 9_o cap._n 6._o baroniam_fw-la retinet_fw-la rex_fw-la donec_fw-la haeres_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o relief_n for_o barony_n be_v at_o that_o time_n incertain_a and_o rentable_a at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n but_o such_o incertainty_n of_o relief_n be_v bring_v to_o certainty_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o magn._n chart._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la 2._o madge_n char._n cap._n 2._o etc._n etc._n de_fw-fr comitat._n integro_fw-la per_fw-la c.1._o haeres_fw-la baron_n per_fw-la c._n mercas_fw-la haeres_fw-la mil._n per_fw-la feodo_fw-la mil._n c._n solidos_fw-la thus_o much_o of_o the_o temporal_a baron_n and_o his_o relief_n in_o 3._o h._n 3._o there_o be_v agnize_v a_o ancient_a prerogative_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o usual_a from_o the_o conqu_n in_o these_o word_n and_o so_o report_v by_o fitzherb_n quod_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la baron_fw-fr obijsset_fw-ge &_o non_fw-la hâ—beret_fw-la haereâ—em_fw-la nisi_fw-la filias_fw-la &_o primogenit_fw-la filia_fw-la marit_fw-la sit_v in_o vita_fw-la patris_fw-la rex_fw-la daret_fw-la post_fw-la natum_fw-la filium_fw-la quod_fw-la remaneret_fw-la in_o haereditat_fw-la patris_fw-la 337._o bract_n lib._n 5_o tract_n 2._o cap._n 2._o fol._n 337._o etc._n etc._n bracton_n write_v of_o essoigne_n deliver_v this_o learning_n that_o if_o any_o baron_n that_o hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la have_v his_o absence_n excuse_v by_o essoigne_n he_o which_o cast_v such_o essoigne_n ought_v to_o find_v surety_n that_o it_o be_v true_a but_o in_o the_o case_n of_o common_a person_n that_o shall_v rest_v upon_o credit_n and_o the_o integrity_n of_o the_o essoigner_n his_o word_n be_v these_o ideo_fw-la ne_fw-la essoniator_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o which_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v temporal_a bar._n by_o tenure_n now_o let_v we_o descend_v to_o the_o other_o authority_n sir_n ralph_n everdon_n knight_n 3.30_o 48._o e._n 3.30_o be_v one_o of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n tempore_fw-la e_o 3_o be_v empanel_v in_o a_o jury_n to_o their_o privilege_n and_o therefore_o for_o his_o exemption_n procure_v a_o writ_n direct_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o c.b._n before_o who_o the_o jury_n be_v empanel_v by_o which_o they_o be_v command_v to_o discharge_v the_o say_a sir_n ralph_n 6.46_o reg._n 179.14_o &_o 15._o h_o 8.35_o h._n 6.46_o whereupon_o belke_n chief_a justice_n of_o c.b._n examine_v he_o whether_o he_o hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la or_o no_o etc._n etc._n and_o whether_o he_o have_v come_v to_o the_o parliament_n as_o a_o baron_n to_o which_o he_o answer_v that_o he_o hold_v by_o a_o certain_a part_n of_o a_o baron_n and_o that_o his_o aunce_v have_v likewise_o so_o do_v upon_o good_a advice_n by_o mean_n whereof_o he_o be_v discharge_v in_o which_o case_n be_v prove_v that_o there_o be_v â—arons_n by_o tenure_n and_o that_o they_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o tenure_n ought_v to_o be_v summon_v in_o the_o parliament_n 23._o h._n 6._o there_o be_v a_o controversy_n between_o w._n e._n of_o arundel_n 6._o inter._n rot_v parliamen_n 27._o h._n 6._o and_o tho._n e._n of_o devon_n for_o their_o place_n in_o the_o king_n presence_n as_o well_o in_o the_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n whereupon_o there_o be_v diverse_a writing_n etc._n etc._n declare_v between_o they_o in_o the_o say_a parliament_n the_o consideration_n whereof_o be_v commit_v by_o the_o king_n to_o certain_a lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n to_o decide_v the_o say_a title_n with_o all_o incident_n thereto_o belong_v nevertheless_o it_o be_v not_o according_o perform_v and_o the_o say_a controversy_n remain_v undecided_a in_o the_o next_o parliament_n 27._o h._n 8._o the_o say_v k._n be_v please_v that_o the_o judge_n shall_v examine_v the_o say_a matter_n who_o have_v consider_v the_o allegation_n of_o either_o part_n and_o also_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v 11._o h._n 6._o concern_v the_o same_o in_o the_o behalf_n of_o john_n e._n of_o arundel_n decide_v his_o ancestor_n they_o certify_v first_o that_o the_o controversy_n be_v never_o matter_n of_o parliament_n 2._o that_o the_o say_a act_n whereby_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o say_v john_n shall_v have_v his_o seat_n in_o the_o king_n presence_n aâ—_n well_o in_o parliament_n as_o elsewhere_a as_o e._n of_o arundel_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v of_o his_o heir_n but_o of_o himself_o 3._o that_o to_o the_o castle_n etc._n etc._n of_o arundel_n the_o name_n etc._n etc._n of_o earl_n than_o be_v and_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v unite_v and_o annex_v and_o by_o reason_n thereof_o the_o say_v e._n do_o hold_v that_o name_n and_o not_o by_o creation_n all_o which_o be_v so_o certify_v it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o say_v w._n e._n of_o arundel_n shall_v retain_v his_o prehemience_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o eastle_n as_o worshipful_o for_o so_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n as_o any_o of_o the_o e._n of_o ar._n above_o the_o e._n of_o devon_n etc._n etc._n save_v always_o to_o the_o say_v e._n of_o devon_n his_o lawful_a suit_n to_o the_o king_n in_o his_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n for_o his_o right_n by_o which_o precedent_n we_o do_v plain_o see_v that_o the_o dignity_n of_o that_o earled_a be_v annexa_fw-la feode_fw-la and_o a_o earldom_n by_o tenure_n in_o regard_n of_o which_o the_o earl_n thereof_o have_v have_v their_o place_n in_o parliament_n from_o whence_o may_v be_v deduce_v that_o the_o like_a may_v be_v observe_v of_o barony_n by_o tenure_n as_o of_o this_o e._n by_o tenure_n i_o will_v wish_v those_o that_o deny_v barony_n by_o tenure_n to_o consider_v the_o statute_n of_o west_n 2._o cap_n 42._o where_o the_o fee_n of_o the_o e._n martial_n and_o lord_n chamberlain_n be_v express_v which_o be_v to_o be_v take_v by_o they_o upon_o the_o homage_n of_o every_o baron_n by_o tenure_n where_o he_o hold_v by_o a_o whole_a barony_n or_o by_o less_o and_o lest_o any_o shall_v think_v that_o this_o ordain_v by_o the_o statute_n shall_v concern_v any_o other_o marshal_n or_o chamberlain_n fleta_n will_v put_v he_o out_o of_o doubt_n 5._o fleta_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 5._o which_o appli_v they_o to_o this_o purpose_n but_o ere_o we_o proceed_v further_o there_o a_o rise_v a_o quere_z if_o a_o baron_n by_o tenure_n grant_v the_o hononr_n hold_v by_o barony_n whether_o shall_v such_o grantee_n have_v the_o say_a dignity_n or_o otherwise_o argument_n ex_fw-la parte_fw-la neg_fw-mi they_o which_o deny_v barony_n by_o tenure_n do_v use_v this_o as_o their_o principal_a reason_n first_o if_o there_o be_v any_o than_o the_o grantee_n of_o they_o must_v hold_v by_o the_o same_o tenure_n as_o their_o feoffer_n terrar_fw-it 10.2_o ca_fw-mi 1._o qu._n â—mp_n terrar_fw-it but_o that_o be_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la the_o refore_o and_o if_o such_o grant_v be_v make_v to_o person_n ignoble_a they_o then_o shall_v be_v noble_a which_o be_v absure_v 1._o ratio_fw-la 1._o second_o it_o be_v very_o evident_a that_o many_o ancient_a manor_n which_o in_o ancient_a time_n be_v hold_v per_fw-la baron_n be_v now_o in_o the_o tenor_n of_o mean_a gentleman_n who_o may_v not_o dare_v to_o challenge_v it_o three_o some_o ancient_a baron_n be_v which_o have_v sell_v those_o castle_n etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o retain_v their_o dignity_n and_o have_v be_v and_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n notwithstanding_o considerable_a distinction_n considerable_a for_o the_o better_a anser_fw-la it_o shall_v be_v convenient_a to_o exhibit_v certain_a necessary_a distinction_n and_o thence_o to_o draw_v infallible_a distinction_n and_o then_o authority_n and_o precedent_n first_o therefore_o if_o a_o baron_n by_o tenure_n do_v alien_n the_o same_o 1_o distinct_a 1_o either_o he_o do_v it_o without_o licence_n or_o else_o with_o licence_n obtain_v if_o without_o licence_n conclusion_n the_o conclusion_n than_o the_o conclusion_n be_v certain_a that_o it_o be_v forfeit_v and_o to_o be_v seize_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o dignity_n extinguish_v in_o the_o crown_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v derive_v the_o reason_n be_v out_o of_o bracton_n because_o barony_n be_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v alien_v without_o consent_n of_o the_o soveriagne_n base_a person_n ennoble_v without_o desert_n etc._n etc._n for_o where_o the_o thing_n so_o alien_v be_v a_o honour_n it_o differ_v much_o from_o the_o ordinary_a tenure_n in_o cap._n whereof_o if_o the_o tenant_n
be_v arraign_v of_o felony_n in_o a_o appeal_v he_o shall_v not_o be_v try_v by_o his_o peer_n as_o in_o case_n of_o indictment_n in_o which_o case_n he_o may_v not_o challenge_v any_o of_o the_o trier_n either_o peremptory_o or_o upon_o cause_n which_o be_v permit_v to_o all_o other_o common_a person_n the_o judgement_n be_v the_o usual_a judgement_n give_v against_o common_a person_n and_o though_o the_o king_n pardon_v all_o but_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o head_n that_o be_v of_o special_a grace_n not_o ex_fw-la debito_fw-la by_o attainder_n the_o blood_n be_v corrupt_v and_o he_o and_o his_o posterity_n make_v ignoble_a 34._o stam._n lib._n 3._o cap._n 34._o and_o can_v be_v restore_v by_o the_o king_n pardon_n but_o only_o by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n and_o note_v that_o nobility_n be_v not_o a_o thing_n substantial_a but_o mere_o accidental_a present_a or_o absent_a without_o corruption_n of_o his_o subject_n for_o experience_n show_v that_o honourable_a title_n be_v restrain_v by_o exorbitant_a crime_n when_o the_o nature_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n can_v be_v thrust_v out_o with_o a_o fork_n wherefore_o though_o we_o term_v extinguishment_n of_o nobility_n in_o case_n of_o attainder_n yet_o this_o phrase_n be_v not_o use_v as_o though_o nobility_n be_v essential_o in_o the_o homour_n of_o the_o blood_n more_o than_o any_o other_o hereditary_a faculty_n but_o because_o the_o right_n of_o inheritance_n which_o descend_v by_o communication_n of_o blood_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v determine_v and_o also_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o detestation_n of_o the_o crime_n it_o be_v call_v corruption_n of_o blood_n 16._o eliz._n dyer_n 332._o the_o lord_n charles_n floward_n case_n if_o one_o be_v make_v a_o knight_n by_o a_o foreign_a king_n he_o be_v so_o to_o be_v style_v in_o all_o legal_a proceed_n in_o this_o realm_n but_o if_o he_o be_v create_v by_o the_o emperor_n a_o earl_n it_o be_v other_o wise_a coke_n 7.16_o if_o the_o king_n create_v the_o son_n a_o duke_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o father_n die_v he_o within_o age_n shall_v be_v in_o ward_n but_o if_o he_o have_v be_v make_v a_o knight_n in_o his_o father_n life_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v in_o ward_n neither_o for_o the_o land_n descend_v nor_o marriage_n coke_n 74._o druery_n case_n though_o he_o be_v within_o age_n nobility_n and_o lord_n in_o reputation_n only_o there_o be_v other_o lord_n in_o reputation_n and_o appellation_n who_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o jure_fw-la neither_o can_v they_o enjoy_v the_o privilege_n of_o those_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o parliament_n viz._n the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o a_o duke_n during_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n be_v only_o by_o courtesy_n call_v a_o earl_n and_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o a_o ea._n a_o baron_n but_o not_o in_o legal_a proceed_n br._n treason_n 2._o 8-16_a coke_n 8-16_a but_o the_o king_n may_v create_v they_o in_o the_o life_n of_o their_o ancestor_n lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n a_o duke_n or_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o a_o foreign_a nation_n be_v name_v duke_n in_o letter_n of_o safe_a conduct_n that_o make_v he_o not_o duke_n to_o be_v sue_v by_o that_o name_n in_o england_n but_o a_o foreign_a king_n ought_v so_o to_o be_v style_v though_o he_o have_v not_o merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la out_o of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n cok_n 7.15_o &c_n &c_n all_o the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v earl_n by_o birth_n without_o other_o creation_n and_o only_a lord_n by_o reputation_n a_o lord_n of_o ireland_n or_o scotland_n though_o he_o be_v post-natus_a be_v but_o only_a lord_n in_o reputation_n noble_a woman_n although_o noble_a woman_n may_v not_o sit_v in_o parliament_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o sex_n yet_o be_v they_o in_o law_n peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o may_v challenge_v all_o 8.53_o coke_n 8.53_o or_o most_o of_o the_o former_a privilege_n but_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o have_v be_v 85._o crompt_v just_o the_o peace_n 85._o that_o they_o can_v maintain_v any_o action_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 2._o r._n 2._o cap._n 2._o the_o scan_v magnat_fw-la because_o the_o statute_n speak_v only_o of_o other_o sex_n if_o any_o of_o the_o king_n servant_n within_o in_o the_o checkroll_n conspire_v the_o death_n of_o any_o noble_a woman_n that_o be_v not_o felony_n within_o the_o statute_n of_o 3._o h._n 7.13_o honourable_a woman_n of_o three_o sort_n by_o creation_n descent_n marriage_n h._n 8._o create_v anne_n bullen_n marchionesse_n of_o pembroke_n &_o king_n james_n create_v the_o lady_n compton_n wife_n to_o sir_n thomas_n compton_n countess_n of_o buckingham_n in_o the_o life_n of_o her_o say_a husband_n without_o any_o addition_n of_o honour_n to_o he_o and_o former_o by_o patent_n open_o read_v in_o parliament_n without_o any_o other_o investure_n do_v create_v mary_n sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o late_a baron_n of_o aburgaven_n 63.6_o camden_n 63.6_o baronesse_n de_fw-fr le_fw-fr spenser_n noble_a woman_n by_o descent_n be_v those_o to_o who_o land_v hold_v by_o such_o dignity_n do_v descend_v or_o who_o ancestor_n be_v seize_v of_o a_o estate_n descendable_a in_o their_o title_n of_o dukedom_n etc._n etc._n or_o those_o who_o ancestor_n be_v summon_v to_o the_o parliament_n by_o this_o a_o inheritance_n do_v accrue_v to_o their_o posterity_n they_o who_o take_v to_o husband_n any_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n though_o they_o themselves_o be_v not_o noble_a fortescue_n fol._n 100_o question_n have_v be_v make_v whether_o the_o dignity_n of_o one_o summon_v to_o the_o parliament_n die_v without_o issue_n male_a may_v descend_v to_o the_o female_a but_o this_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o former_a treatise_n concern_v the_o title_n of_o honour_n descendable_a to_o the_o heir_n female_a it_o be_v clear_a that_o such_o office_n be_v of_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n do_v descend_v as_o the_o office_n of_o the_o high_a constableship_n of_o england_n challenge_v tempore_fw-la h._n 3._o by_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n be_v adjudge_v to_o descend_v to_o the_o daughter_n of_o humphrey_n bohun_n earl_n of_o hereford_n so_o the_o office_n of_o earl_n marshal_v descend_v to_o the_o house_n of_o norfolk_n all_o which_o office_n be_v as_o unfit_a to_o be_v exercise_v by_o their_o sex_n as_o unfit_a for_o they_o to_o be_v summon_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o if_o such_o title_n come_v in_o competition_n the_o issue_n shall_v be_v try_v by_o record_n and_o certify_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n and_o not_o by_o jury_n coke_n 6.5_o 3.7_o part_n 15._o though_o all_o daughter_n be_v copercener_n and_o make_v but_o one_o heir_n yet_o in_o descent_n of_o dignity_n it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o they_o be_v thing_n entire_a participate_v of_o superiority_n therefore_o descendable_a only_o to_o the_o elder_a and_o so_o be_v the_o civil_a law_n yet_o there_o be_v a_o judgement_n tempore_fw-la h._n 3._o touch_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n 3._o obijt_fw-la 17._o h._n 3._o the_o earl_n die_v without_o issue_n leave_v his_o sister_n his_o heir_n the_o judgement_n be_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v divide_v equal_o among_o copercener_n but_o this_o judgement_n be_v hold_v erroneous_a in_o that_o very_a age_n vide_fw-la bract._n li._n 2._o cap._n 34_o fol._n 76._o hoc_fw-la fuit_fw-la injustum_fw-la etc._n etc._n his_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o honour_n of_o chivalry_n chief_o consist_v in_o the_o nobility_n may_v not_o be_v divide_v for_o by_o multitude_n of_o partition_n the_o reputation_n of_o honour_n in_o such_o succession_n must_v be_v impair_v and_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v draw_v into_o many_o hand_n by_o such_o partition_n much_o enfeeble_v in_o which_o resolution_n britton_n by_o commandment_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o e._n 1._o accord_v fol._n 187._o the_o former_a judgement_n be_v give_v about_o 17._o h._n 3._o and_o the_o writer_n of_o that_o time_n testify_v that_o it_o come_v holy_a unto_o john_n scot_n son_n of_o david_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n and_o anguish_n and_o maude_n the_o elder_a sister_n of_o the_o say_v randolph_n if_o it_o be_v give_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o john_n scot_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n about_o 24._o h._n 3._o yet_o it_o stand_v in_o force_n because_o the_o king_n assume_v the_o earldom_n to_o himself_o upon_o other_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o copercener_n mat._n par._n 366._o tamen_fw-la vide_fw-la mill_n 75._o &_o guillem_n 28._o hugh_n lupus_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o chester_n be_v by_o the_o conqueror_n his_o uncle_n create_v into_o that_o dignity_n 15._o mill_n 74.75_o coke_n 35.7_o part_n 15._o habend_n fibi_fw-la etc._n etc._n adeo_fw-la libere_fw-la per_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la rex_fw-la ipse_fw-la tenuit_fw-la angliam_fw-la per_fw-la coronam_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o die_v without_o issue_n and_o the_o earldom_n divide_v among_o his_o 4._o sister_n if_o she_o be_v noble_a