either_o supreme_a inferior_a or_o mix_v these_o court_n be_v proper_o call_v supreme_a from_o who_o there_o be_v no_o appeal_n to_o any_o high_a judicatory_a such_o as_o the_o parliament_n privy_a council_n lord_n of_o session_n the_o criminal_a court_n and_o exchequer_n inferior_a judge_n be_v such_o who_o decreet_n and_o sentence_n be_v liable_a to_o the_o reviewe_n of_o the_o supreme_a court_n as_o sherriff_n steward_n lord_n of_o regality_n inferior_a admiral_n and_o commissar_n magistrate_n of_o burgh_n royal_a baron_n and_o justice_n of_o peace_n mix_v jurisdiction_n participat_v of_o the_o nature_n both_o of_o the_o supreme_a and_o inferior_a court_n such_o a_o jurisdiction_n have_v the_o high_a admiral_n and_o commissar_n of_o edinburgh_n both_o which_o be_v in_o so_o far_o supreme_a that_o maritime_a affair_n and_o confirmation_n of_o testament_n must_v come_v in_o and_o be_v table_v before_o the_o high_a admiral_n and_o commissar_n of_o edinburgh_n in_o the_o first_o 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this_o privilege_n that_o they_o can_v be_v pursue_v before_o any_o inferior_a judge_n and_o if_o they_o be_v the_o lord_n will_v advocate_n the_o cause_n to_o themselves_o tit._n iii_o of_o the_o supreme_a judge_n and_o court_n of_o scotland_n the_o king_n be_v the_o author_n and_o fountain_n of_o all_o power_n and_o be_v a_o absolute_a prince_n have_v as_o much_o power_n as_o any_o king_n or_o potentate_n whatsoever_o 251_o deryve_v his_o power_n from_o god_n almighty_a alone_a 2._o and_o so_o not_o from_o the_o people_n the_o special_a privilege_n that_o he_o have_v be_v call_v his_o prerogative_n royal_a such_o as_o that_o he_o only_o can_v make_v peace_n or_o war_n call_v parliament_n convention_n convocation_n of_o the_o clergy_n make_v law_n aforesaid_a and_o general_o all_o meeting_n call_v without_o his_o special_a command_n be_v punishable_a 2._o he_o only_o can_v remit_v crime_n legitimate_a bastard_n name_n judge_n and_o councilor_n give_v tutor_n dative_n and_o naturalize_v stranger_n and_o be_v supreme_a over_o all_o person_n and_o in_o all_o cause_n as_o well_o ecclesiastic_a as_o civil_a 1._o the_o parliament_n of_o old_a be_v only_o the_o king_n baron_n court_n in_o which_o all_o freeholder_a be_v oblige_v to_o give_v suit_n and_o presence_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o man_n appear_v yet_o at_o other_o head_n court_v and_o therefore_o since_o we_o have_v king_n before_o we_o have_v parliament_n it_o be_v ridiculous_a to_o think_v that_o the_o king_n power_n flow_v from_o they_o the_o parliament_n be_v call_v by_o proclamation_n now_o upon_o forty_o day_n though_o it_o may_v be_v adjourn_v upon_o twenty_o but_o of_o old_a it_o be_v call_v by_o brieve_n out_o of_o the_o chancellary_n it_o consist_v of_o three_o estate_n viz._n the_o arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n and_o before_o the_o reformation_n all_o abbot_n and_o mitred-priors_a sit_v as_o church_n man_n secundo_fw-la the_o baron_n in_o which_o estate_n be_v comprehend_v all_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n viscount_n lord_n and_o the_o commissioner_n for_o the_o shire_n for_o of_o old_a all_o baron_n who_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n do_v come_v but_o the_o estate_n of_o lesser_a baron_n not_o be_v able_a to_o defray_v this_o charge_n they_o be_v allow_v to_o send_v commissioner_n for_o every_o shire_n 113_o and_o general_o every_o shire_n send_v two_o who_o have_v their_o charge_n bear_v by_o the_o shire_n tertio_fw-la the_o commissioner_n for_o burgh_n royal_a each_o whereof_o be_v allow_v one_o and_o the_o town_n of_o edinburgh_n two_o though_o all_o the_o three_o estate_n must_v be_v cite_v yet_o the_o parliament_n may_v proceed_v albeit_o any_o one_o estate_n be_v absent_a or_o be_v present_a will_v disassent_v the_o legislative_a power_n be_v only_o in_o the_o king_n and_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n only_a consent_n and_o in_o parliament_n the_o king_n have_v a_o negative_a voice_n whereby_o he_o may_v not_o only_o hinder_v any_o act_n to_o pass_v but_o even_o any_o overture_n to_o be_v debate_v the_o act_n of_o parliament_n must_v be_v proclaim_v upon_o forty_o day_n that_o the_o liege_n may_v know_v they_o â—28_n to_o secure_v the_o crown_n against_o faction_n and_o impertinent_a overtur_n in_o open_a parliament_n our_o parliament_n choose_v before_o they_o proceed_v to_o any_o bussiness_n four_o out_o of_o each_o state_n who_o with_o the_o officer_n of_o state_n determine_v what_o law_n or_o overtur_n be_v to_o be_v bring_v in_o to_o the_o parliament_n and_o they_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o lord_n of_o article_n we_o have_v another_o meeting_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n call_v the_o convention_n of_o estate_n which_o be_v now_o call_v upon_o twenty_o day_n and_o proceed_v in_o the_o same_o way_n that_o the_o parliament_n do_v diffre_v only_o from_o it_o in_o that_o the_o parliament_n can_v both_o impose_v taxation_n and_o make_v law_n whereas_o the_o convention_n of_o estate_n can_v only_o impose_v or_o rather_o offer_v taxation_n and_o make_v statute_n for_o uplift_v those_o particular_a taxation_n but_o can_v make_v no_o law_n and_o of_o old_a i_o find_v by_o the_o register_n of_o the_o convention_n the_o elder_a whereof_o now_o extent_n be_v in_o anno_fw-la 1583._o that_o the_o convention_n of_o estate_n consist_v of_o any_o number_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n call_v off_o the_o street_n summary_o by_o the_o king_n and_o yet_o they_o cry_v down_o or_o up_o money_n and_o judge_v process_n which_o now_o they_o do_v not_o the_o privy_a council_n be_v constitute_v by_o a_o special_a commission_n from_o the_o king_n and_o regular_o their_o power_n extend_v to_o matter_n of_o public_a government_n in_o order_n to_o which_o they_o punish_v all_o riot_n for_o so_o we_o call_v breach_n of_o the_o peace_n they_o sequestrate_n pupil_n give_v aliment_n to_o they_o and_o to_o wife_n who_o be_v severe_o use_v by_o their_o husband_n and_o many_o such_o thing_n which_o require_v such_o summar_n procedure_n as_o can_v admit_v of_o the_o delay_n necessary_a before_o other_o court_n and_o yet_o if_o any_o of_o these_o dipp_n upon_o matter_n of_o law_n for_o they_o be_v only_a judge_n in_o facto_fw-la they_o remit_v the_o cognition_n of_o it_o to_o the_o session_n and_o stop_v till_o they_o hear_v their_o report_n the_o council_n delay_v criminal_a execution_n and_o sometime_o change_v one_o punishment_n into_o another_o but_o they_o can_v remit_v capital_a punishment_n they_o may_v also_o adjourn_v the_o session_n or_o any_o other_o court_n it_o have_v its_o own_o precedent_n who_o precede_v in_o the_o chancellor_n absence_n and_o it_o have_v its_o own_o signet_n and_o seal_n all_o who_o be_v cite_v to_o compeat_v there_o must_v be_v personal_o present_a because_o ordinary_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi conclude_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v personal_o punish_v all_o diet_n there_o be_v peremptor_n all_o debat_fw-la be_v in_o writ_n no_o advocate_n be_v allow_v to_o plead_v because_o the_o council_n only_o judge_n in_o matter_n of_o fact_n the_o lord_n of_o council_n and_o session_n be_v judge_n in_o all_o matter_n of_o civil_a right_n of_o old_a they_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o parliament_n and_o be_v a_o committee_n of_o parliament_n but_o the_o present_a model_n be_v fix_v and_o establish_v by_o king_n james_n the_o five_o after_o the_o model_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n 40._o of_o old_a it_o consist_v of_o seven_o ecclesiastic_n and_o seven_o laic_n and_o the_o precedent_n be_v a_o church_n man_n but_o now_o all_o the_o fifteen_o be_v laic_n and_o there_o sit_v with_o they_o four_o noble_a man_n who_o be_v call_v extraordinary_a lord_n and_o be_v allow_v to_o sit_v to_o learn_v rather_o than_o decide_v but_o now_o they_o vote_v after_o the_o ordinary_a lord_n all_o the_o lord_n be_v admit_v by_o the_o king_n and_o by_o statute_n can_v be_v admit_v till_o they_o be_v twenty_o five_a year_n of_o 132._o age_n and_o except_o they_o have_v a_o
1000_o lib._n or_o 20_o chalder_n of_o victual_n in_o yearly_a rent_n nine_o be_v a_o quorum_fw-la crime_n of_o old_a be_v judge_v by_o the_o justice_n general_n justice_n clerk_n and_o two_o justice_n depute_v but_o now_o five_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v join_v to_o the_o justice_n general_n and_o justice_n clerk_n and_o they_o be_v call_v the_o commissioner_n of_o justiciary_a because_o they_o sit_v by_o a_o special_a commission_n only_o four_o of_o which_o number_n make_v a_o quorum_fw-la in_o time_n of_o session_n three_o in_o time_n of_o vacance_n and_o two_o at_o circuit_n court_n 18._o the_o exchequer_n be_v the_o king_n chamberlain_n court_n 18._o wherein_o he_o judge_n what_o concern_v his_o own_o revenue_n it_o consist_v of_o the_o theasurer_n in_o who_o place_n be_v sometime_o name_v commissioner_n of_o the_o theasury_n the_o theasurer_n depute_v and_o as_o many_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o exchequer_n as_o his_o majesty_n please_v the_o high_a admiral_n have_v a_o commission_n from_o the_o king_n to_o judge_v in_o all_o maritime_a affair_n not_o only_o in_o civil_a but_o also_o in_o criminal_a case_n where_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v at_o sea_n or_o within_o flood-mark_a nor_o can_v the_o lord_n of_o session_n advocate_n cause_v from_o he_o 16._o though_o they_o can_v reduce_v his_o decreet_n as_o he_o do_v the_o decreet_n of_o all_o inferior_a admiral_n or_o admiral_n depute_v for_o many_o heritor_n be_v constitute_v admiral_n within_o themselves_o by_o a_o right_n from_o the_o high_a admiral_n since_o his_o gift_n or_o from_o the_o king_n before_o it_o tit._n iu._n of_o inferior_a jurisdiction_n and_o court_n the_o sherriff_n be_v the_o king_n chief_a and_o ancient_a officer_n for_o preserve_v the_o peace_n and_o put_v the_o law_n in_o execution_n 124_o he_o have_v both_o a_o civil_a and_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n and_o his_o commission_n be_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o raise_v the_o hue_n and_o cry_n after_o all_o rebel_n and_o to_o apprehend_v they_o when_o require_v to_o assist_v such_o as_o be_v violent_o dispossess_v to_o apprehend_v such_o as_o say_v mass_n or_o trouble_v the_o peace_n and_o take_v caution_n for_o their_o appearance_n 15._o he_o nor_o no_o inferior_a judge_n can_v hold_v court_n in_o time_n of_o vacance_n in_o civil_a case_n without_o a_o dispensation_n from_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n but_o in_o criminal_a case_n he_o need_v no_o dispensation_n because_o crime_n shall_v be_v instant_o punish_v he_o be_v judge_n in_o all_o crime_n except_o the_o four_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n to_o wit_n murder_n firâ—_n rase_v robery_n and_o ravish_v of_o woman_n 79_o but_o murder_v he_o can_v judge_v if_o the_o murderer_n be_v take_v with_o red-hand_n that_o be_v to_o say_v immediate_o commit_v the_o murder_n in_o which_o case_n he_o must_v proceed_v against_o he_o within_o three_o sun_n and_o in_o theft_n he_o may_v judge_v if_o the_o thief_n be_v take_v with_o the_o fang_n the_o shireff_a be_v also_o judge_v competent_a to_o punish_v bloodwit_n for_o which_o he_o may_v sign_n in_o 50_o pound_n scot_n but_o no_o high_o and_o for_o contumacy_n he_o can_v fine_v no_o high_o than_o 10._o pound_n a_o lord_n of_o regality_n be_v he_o who_o have_v the_o land_n whereof_o he_o be_v proprietar_n or_o superior_a erect_v with_o a_o jurisdiction_n equal_a to_o the_o justice_n in_o criminal_a case_n and_o to_o the_o shirreff_a in_o civil_a cause_n he_o have_v also_o right_a to_o all_o the_o moveable_n of_o delinquent_n and_o rebel_n who_o dwell_v within_o his_o own_o jurisdiction_n whether_o these_o moveable_n be_v within_o the_o regality_n or_o without_o the_o same_o and_o because_o he_o have_v so_o great_a power_n therefore_o no_o regality_n can_v legal_o be_v grant_v except_o in_o parliament_n 43._o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n have_v also_o by_o his_o erection_n power_n to_o repledge_a from_o the_o sherriff_n and_o even_o from_o the_o justice_n in_o all_o 29._o case_n except_o treason_n and_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o appear_v and_o crave_v that_o any_o dwell_n within_o his_o jurisdiction_n may_v be_v send_v back_o to_o be_v judge_v by_o he_o and_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o find_v caution_n that_o he_o shall_v do_v justice_n upon_o the_o malefactor_n who_o he_o repledge_v within_o year_n and_o day_n and_o the_o caution_n be_v call_v cull_v reach_n 89._o the_o stewart_n be_v the_o king_n sherriff_n within_o the_o king_n own_o proper_a land_n and_o these_o be_v erect_v where_o the_o land_n have_v be_v erect_v before_o in_o earledom_n or_o lordship_n for_o else_o the_o king_n appoint_v only_o a_o baillie_n in_o they_o and_o these_o jurisdiction_n be_v call_v bailliaries_n the_o baily_n of_o the_o king_n proper_a land_n have_v the_o same_o power_n with_o the_o sherriff_n and_o all_o these_o viz._n the_o sherriff_n the_o stewart_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n proceed_v in_o their_o court_n after_o the_o same_o way_n and_o each_o of_o they_o have_v a_o head_n burgh_n where_o they_o hold_v their_o court_n and_o where_o all_o letter_n must_v be_v execute_v and_o registrate_n the_o prince_n of_o scotland_n have_v also_o a_o appange_a or_o patrimony_n which_o be_v erect_v in_o a_o jurisdiction_n call_v the_o principality_n the_o revenue_n come_v in_o to_o the_o exchequer_n when_o there_o be_v no_o prince_n but_o when_o there_o be_v one_o he_o have_v his_o own_o chamberlain_n justice_n of_o peace_n be_v these_o who_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o king_n or_o privy_a council_n to_o advert_v to_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o they_o be_v judge_n to_o petty_a riot_n servant_n fie_v and_o many_o such_o like_a relate_v to_o good_a neighbourhood_n express_v in_o the_o instruction_n give_v they_o by_o the_o parliament_n 38._o and_o be_v name_v by_o the_o council_n allbeit_n be_v the_o foresay_a statute_n the_o nomination_n be_v to_o be_v by_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o royal_a successor_n which_o the_o king_n have_v now_o remit_v to_o the_o privy_a council_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n do_v name_n constable_n within_o their_o own_o bound_n from_o six_o month_n to_o six_o month_n their_o office_n be_v to_o wait_v upon_o the_o justice_n and_o receive_v injunction_n from_o they_o delate_v such_o riot_n and_o crime_n to_o the_o justice_n as_o fall_v under_o their_o cognisance_n apprehend_v all_o suspect_a person_n vagabounds_n and_o night_n walker_n as_o be_v at_o length_n contain_v in_o their_o injunction_n give_v they_o be_v the_o aforesaid_a act._n every_o heritor_n may_v hold_v court_n for_o cause_v his_o tenant_n pay_v his_o rent_n and_o if_o he_o be_v infeft_v cum_fw-la curijs_fw-la he_o may_v decide_v betwixt_o tennent_n and_o tennent_n in_o small_a debt_n and_o may_v judge_v such_o as_o commit_v blood_n on_o his_o own_o ground_n though_o his_o land_n be_v not_o erect_v in_o a_o barronie_n but_o if_o his_o land_n be_v erect_v in_o a_o barronie_n which_o the_o king_n can_v only_o do_v he_o may_v like_o the_o sherriff_n unlaw_n for_o bloodwit_n in_o 50_o lib._n and_o for_o absence_n in_o 10._o and_o if_o he_o have_v power_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n he_o may_v hang_v and_o drown_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o sherriff_n can_v tit._n v._o of_o ecclesiastic_a person_n since_o the_o reformation_n the_o king_n be_v come_v by_o our_o law_n in_o place_n of_o the_o pope_n 2_o and_o all_o right_n to_o kirk-land_n must_v be_v confirm_v by_o he_o else_o they_o be_v null_a 7_o his_o majesty_n only_o can_v call_v convocation_n of_o the_o clergy_n for_o so_o we_o call_v our_o national_a assembly_n 5._o and_o his_o commissioner_n sit_v in_o they_o and_o have_v a_o negative_a we_o have_v two_o archbishop_n and_o twelve_o bishop_n and_o they_o be_v thus_o elect_v the_o king_n send_v to_o the_o chapter_n a_o congee_n de_fw-fr eslire_fw-la which_o be_v a_o french_a word_n signify_v a_o power_n to_o elect_v and_o with_o it_o a_o letter_n recommend_v a_o person_n therein_o name_v and_o the_o chapter_n return_v their_o elect_n whereupon_o the_o king_n grant_v a_o patent_n to_o the_o person_n and_o a_o mandate_n to_o the_o archbishop_n or_o bishop_n to_o consecrate_v he_o both_o which_o pass_v the_o great_a seal_n 1_o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o call_v synod_n within_o their_o own_o diocy_n 1._o and_o in_o these_o they_o name_v the_o brethren_n of_o the_o conferance_n who_o be_v like_o the_o lord_n of_o article_n in_o the_o parliament_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n the_o bishop_n depose_v suspend_v and_o manage_v bishop_n have_v their_o chapter_n without_o who_o consent_n or_o the_o major_a part_n the_o bishop_n can_v alienate_v 3._o which_o major_a part_n must_v sign_v the_o deed_n do_v be_v the_o bishop_n and_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o those_o of_o the_o chaper_fw-fr sign_n at_o any_o time_n even_o after_o
this_o casuality_n last_v only_o till_o 14._o year_n complete_a because_o they_o may_v then_o marry_v husband_n who_o may_v be_v able_a to_o serve_v the_o superior_a and_o this_o proper_o be_v call_v the_o casuality_n of_o ward_n for_o marriage_n be_v due_a in_o other_o holding_n as_o shall_v be_v clear_v in_o the_o next_o title_n feu_fw-fr holding_n be_v that_o whereby_o the_o vassal_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o superior_a a_o sum_n of_o money_n yearly_a in_o name_n of_o feu-dutie_n nomine_fw-la feudi_fw-la firmae_fw-la this_o hold_v have_v some_o resemblance_n to_o the_o emphyteosis_n in_o the_o roman_a law_n but_o be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o it_o for_o emphyteosis_n be_v a_o perpetual_a location_n contain_v a_o pension_n as_o the_o hire_n which_o be_v grant_v for_o improve_n and_o cultivate_v barren_a ground_n but_o our_o feu-holding_a come_v from_o the_o feudal_n law_n whereof_o there_o be_v no_o vestige_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o pass_v by_o infeftment_n to_o heir_n blench-holding_a be_v that_o whereby_o the_o vassal_n be_v to_o pay_v a_o elusory_a duty_n mere_o for_o acknowledgement_n as_o a_o penny_n or_o a_o pair_n of_o glove_n nomine_fw-la albae_fw-la firmae_fw-la and_o ordinary_o it_o bear_v si_fw-la petatur_fw-la tantum_fw-la these_o blench_v duty_n be_v not_o due_a whether_o they_o be_v of_o a_o yearly_a growth_n or_o not_o except_o they_o be_v require_v yearly_o by_o the_o superior_a 14._o as_o for_o instance_n if_o the_o blench_v duty_n be_v yearly_a attendance_n at_o such_o a_o place_n or_o a_o rose_n yearly_a the_o superior_a can_v seek_v nothing_o for_o his_o blench_v duty_n except_o he_o require_v the_o same_o within_o the_o year_n burgage-holding_a be_v that_o duty_n which_o burgh_n royal_a be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v the_o king_n by_o their_o charter_n erect_v they_o in_o a_o burgh_n royal_a and_o in_o this_o the_o burgh_n be_v the_o vassal_n and_o not_o the_o particular_a burgess_n and_o the_o bailiff_n of_o the_o burgh_n be_v the_o king_n bailiff_n nor_o can_v season_n in_o burgage_n land_n be_v give_v by_o any_o other_o than_o the_o bailly_n and_o town_n clerk_n 27._o if_o the_o town_n have_v any_o and_o they_o must_v be_v registrate_v in_o the_o town_n clerk_n book_n 11._o before_o the_o reformation_n there_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o hold_v in_o scotland_n which_o be_v of_o mortify_a land_n grant_v to_o the_o church_n and_o the_o only_a reddendo_fw-la be_v prayer_n and_o supplication_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o mortifier_n title_n v._o of_o the_o casualty_n due_a to_o the_o superior_a the_o feu_n be_v thus_o state_v by_o the_o superior_a in_o the_o person_n of_o his_o vassal_n it_o will_v be_v fit_a in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o consider_v what_o right_o the_o superior_a retain_v and_o what_o right_o the_o vassal_n acquire_v by_o this_o constitution_n of_o the_o fie_o the_o superior_a retain_v still_o dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la in_o the_o feu_n and_o the_o vassal_n have_v only_o dominum_fw-la utile_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o superior_a be_v still_o infeft_v aswell_o as_o the_o vassal_n but_o the_o king_n need_v not_o be_v infeft_v for_o he_o be_v infeft_v jure_fw-la coronae_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v his_o being_z king_n be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o infeftment_n the_o superior_a have_v different_a advantage_n and_o right_n according_a to_o the_o different_a manner_n of_o holding_n and_o there_o be_v some_o right_n and_o casualty_n common_a to_o all_o holding_n ward-holdings_a give_v the_o superior_a a_o right_n to_o the_o meal_n and_o duty_n of_o his_o vassal_n land_n during_o all_o the_o year_n that_o his_o vassal_n be_v minor_a and_o this_o be_v proper_o call_v the_o casuality_n of_o ward_n but_o the_o superior_a or_o his_o donatar_n be_v oblige_v to_o entertain_v the_o heir_n if_o he_o have_v no_o other_o feu_n or_o blench_v land_n and_o to_o uphold_v the_o house_n park_n etc._n etc._n in_o as_o good_a condition_n as_o they_o find_v they_o and_o must_v find_v caution_n for_o that_o effect_n 15._o if_o the_o vassal_n sell_v or_o dispones_fw-la the_o half_a of_o his_o ward-land_n to_o any_o except_o his_o appearand_a heir_n who_o be_v alioque_fw-la successionae_fw-la without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o superior_a the_o whole_a ward-land_n fall_v to_o the_o superior_a for_o ever_o and_o this_o we_o call_v 19_o recognition_n which_o be_v introduce_v to_o punish_v the_o ingratitude_n of_o the_o vassal_n who_o shall_v not_o have_v dispone_v the_o superior_n land_n without_o his_o own_o consent_n and_o to_o shun_v this_o the_o vassal_n in_o ward-land_n get_v the_o superior_n confirmation_n before_o he_o take_v infeftment_n for_o if_o he_o take_v infeftment_n before_o he_o be_v confirm_v the_o land_n recognosce_fw-la as_o say_v be_v except_o the_o season_n be_v null_a in_o itself_o since_o the_o vassal_n show_v sufficient_o his_o ingratitude_n by_o the_o very_a take_n of_o the_o infeftment_n and_o though_o the_o vassal_n at_o first_o do_v not_o sell_v the_o half_a without_o the_o superior_n consent_n yet_o if_o he_o thereafter_o sell_v as_o much_o as_o will_v extend_v to_o more_o than_o the_o half_a of_o the_o feu_fw-fr the_o first_o huyer_n will_v likewise_o loose_v his_o right_n if_o it_o be_v not_o confirm_v before_o he_o take_v infeftment_n not_o only_o a_o confirmation_n or_o novodamus_fw-la if_o it_o express_v recognition_n but_o the_o superior_n accept_v service_n or_o pursue_v for_o the_o casualty_n be_v a_o pass_v from_o the_o recognition_n because_o they_o infer_v the_o superior_n acknowledgement_n of_o the_o vassal_n right_o recognition_n take_v place_n in_o taxt-ward_n as_o well_o as_o simpleward_v but_o in_o no_o other_o manner_n of_o hold_v except_o the_o same_o be_v express_o provide_v in_o the_o vassal_n charter_n for_o ward-holding_a be_v presume_v to_o be_v the_o only_a proper_a feudal_n right_o if_o the_o vassal_n deny_v the_o superior_a he_o loss_n his_o feu_n and_o this_o be_v call_v disclamation_n 9_o but_o any_o probable_a ground_n of_o ignorance_n will_v take_v off_o this_o forfeiture_n if_o the_o vassal_n who_o hold_v ward-land_n die_v have_v a_o heir_n unmarried_a whether_o minor_a or_o major_a the_o superior_a get_v the_o value_n of_o his_o tocher_n though_o he_o offer_v he_o not_o a_o woman_n to_o be_v his_o wife_n but_o if_o the_o superior_a offer_v he_o his_o equal_a for_o a_o wise_a and_o he_o refuse_v to_o accept_v though_o he_o never_o marry_v any_o other_o person_n the_o superior_a get_v the_o double_a of_o his_o tocher_n and_o one_o of_o these_o casualty_n be_v call_v the_o single_a avail_v of_o the_o marriage_n and_o the_o other_o the_o double_a avail_v of_o the_o marriage_n but_o the_o modification_n of_o this_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o consider_v still_o what_o be_v the_o vassal_n free_a rent_n all_o debt_n deduce_v and_o the_o ordinary_a modification_n be_v about_o two_o year_n rent_n of_o the_o vassal_n free_a estate_n even_o though_o the_o heir_n be_v a_o heretrix_fw-la and_o though_o there_o be_v more_o heir_n portioner_n there_o will_v only_o one_o avail_n be_v due_a for_o they_o all_o though_o this_o casuality_n of_o marriage_n be_v still_o due_a in_o all_o ward-holdings_a yet_o they_o may_v be_v due_a by_o express_a paction_n in_o other_o holding_n and_o there_o be_v many_o in_o scotland_n who_o hold_v their_o land_n feu_n cum_fw-la maritagio_fw-la and_o in_o both_o case_n the_o marriage_n be_v debitum_fw-la fundi_fw-la though_o as_o to_o the_o casuality_n of_o ward_n every_o superior_a have_v right_o to_o the_o ward_n land_n hold_v of_o himself_o where_o the_o vassal_n hold_v ward-land_n of_o more_o superior_n yet_o the_o casuality_n of_o marriage_n fall_v only_o to_o the_o elder_a superior_a because_o there_o can_v be_v more_o tocher_n than_o one_o and_o he_o be_v the_o elder_a superior_a from_o who_o the_o vassal_n have_v the_o first_o feu_n but_o the_o king_n be_v still_o presume_v to_o be_v the_o elder_a superior_a because_o all_o feus_n original_o flow_v from_o he_o it_o be_v think_v that_o the_o reason_n why_o this_o casuality_n be_v due_a be_v because_o it_o be_v not_o just_a that_o the_o vassal_n shall_v bring_v in_o a_o stranger_n to_o be_v mistress_n of_o the_o feu_fw-fr without_o the_o superior_n consent_n for_o else_o he_o may_v choice_n a_o wife_n out_o of_o a_o family_n that_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o the_o superior_a but_o i_o rather_o think_v that_o both_o ward_n and_o marriage_n proceed_v from_o a_o express_a paction_n betwixt_o king_n malcome_n kenmore_n and_o his_o subject_n when_o he_o first_o feve_v out_o the_o whole_a land_n of_o scotland_n among_o they_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o first_o of_o his_o statute_n 1_o the_o special_a duty_n arise_v to_o the_o superior_a in_o a_o feu_fw-fr hold_v be_v that_o the_o superior_a get_v a_o yearly_a feu_fw-fr duty_n pay_v to_o he_o and_o if_o no_o part_n of_o this_o feu_fw
duty_n be_v pay_v for_o two_o year_n even_o though_o the_o whole_a be_v offer_v or_o though_o the_o vassal_n be_v minor_a than_o the_o vassal_n lose_v his_o feu_n ob_fw-la non_fw-la solutum_fw-la canonem_fw-la for_o the_o feu_fw-fr duty_n be_v call_v canon_n and_o if_o this_o provision_n be_v express_v in_o his_o charter_n he_o will_v not_o be_v allow_v to_o purge_v this_o irritancy_n by_o offer_v the_o bygone_n at_o the_o bar_n but_o though_o this_o provision_n be_v not_o express_v in_o the_o charter_n yet_o the_o feu_fw-fr will_v be_v annul_v for_o not_o payment_n of_o the_o feu-dutie_n by_o a_o express_a act_n of_o parliament_n 226._o but_o the_o vassal_n in_o that_o case_n will_v be_v allow_v to_o purge_v at_o the_o bar_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n be_v because_o the_o express_a paction_n be_v think_v a_o strong_a tie_n than_o the_o mere_a statute_n a_o clause_n irritant_fw-la in_o our_o law_n signify_v any_o provision_n which_o make_v a_o penalty_n to_o be_v incur_v and_o the_o obligation_n to_o be_v null_a for_o the_o future_a as_o here_o where_o the_o superior_a give_v out_o his_o feu_n upon_o express_a condition_n that_o if_o the_o feu-dutie_n be_v not_o pay_v the_o feu_n shall_v be_v null_a and_o reduceable_a and_o a_o clause_n resolutive_a be_v a_o provision_n whereby_o the_o contract_n to_o which_o it_o be_v assixt_v be_v for_o not_o performance_n declare_v to_o have_v be_v null_a from_o the_o beginning_n the_o casualty_n that_o be_v due_a by_o all_o manner_n of_o holding_n and_o which_o arise_v from_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o feu_fw-fr without_o any_o express_a paction_n be_v none-entry_n relief_n and_o liferent_a escheat_n none-entry_n be_v a_o casuality_n whereby_o the_o superior_a have_v right_a to_o the_o meal_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o land_n when_o there_o be_v not_o a_o vassal_n actual_o enter_v to_o he_o and_o the_o reason_n why_o this_o be_v due_a to_o he_o be_v because_o he_o have_v give_v out_o his_o feu_n to_o his_o vassal_n or_o service_n when_o there_o be_v no_o actual_a vassal_n enter_v the_o law_n allow_v he_o to_o have_v recourse_n to_o his_o own_o feu_n that_o he_o may_v therewith_o provide_v himself_o with_o a_o vassal_n who_o may_v serve_v he_o but_o though_o the_o full_a rent_n of_o the_o land_n be_v due_a to_o the_o superior_a from_o the_o very_a time_n that_o he_o cite_v his_o vassal_n to_o hear_v and_o see_v it_o find_v and_o declare_v that_o the_o land_n be_v in_o none-entrie_n yet_o before_o that_o citation_n the_o superior_a get_v only_o the_o retoured_a duty_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n be_v because_o after_o citation_n there_o be_v a_o great_a contempt_n than_o before_o and_o so_o be_v to_o be_v more_o severe_o punish_v for_o understanding_n which_o retour_fw-fr duty_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o know_v that_o there_o be_v of_o old_a a_o general_a valuation_n of_o all_o the_o land_n of_o scotland_n but_o thereafter_o there_o be_v a_o new_a valuation_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v call_v the_o old_a and_o the_o second_o the_o new_a extent_n and_o both_o be_v call_v the_o retour_fw-fr duty_n because_o they_o be_v express_v in_o the_o retour_fw-fr or_o return_v that_o be_v make_v to_o the_o chancellary_n when_o a_o heir_n be_v serve_v but_o both_o be_v very_o far_o below_o the_o value_n to_o which_o land_n be_v now_o improve_v though_o in_o our_o law_n the_o new_a extent_n be_v construct_v to_o be_v the_o value_n but_o in_o a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n the_o whole_a annualrent_n be_v due_a as_o well_o before_o declarator_n as_o after_o because_o the_o annualrent_n be_v the_o retoure_n duty_n it_o be_v retour_v valere_fw-la seipsum_fw-la and_o that_o be_v call_v a_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n when_o the_o vassal_n be_v not_o infeft_v in_o particular_a land_n but_o be_v infeft_v in_o a_o yearly_a annuity_n of_o money_n to_o be_v pay_v out_o of_o the_o land_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v infeft_v in_o the_o sum_n of_o five_o hundred_o mark_n yearly_a to_o be_v payable_a out_o of_o any_o particular_a land_n be_v worth_a 5000._o mark_n yearly_a how_o soon_o the_o vassal_n who_o have_v right_a to_o the_o 500_o mark_n die_v the_o superior_a will_v have_v right_a to_o the_o whole_a 500_o mark_n yearly_a until_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o vassal_n be_v enter_v vide_fw-la infra_fw-la tit._n servitud_n §_o annualrents_n there_o be_v no_o nonentry_n due_a in_o burgage_n land_n because_o the_o burgh_n itself_o be_v vassal_n and_o never_o die_v and_o so_o therefore_o neither_o do_v the_o burgh_n nor_o any_o private_a burgess_n pay_v nonentrie_n the_o duty_n payable_a by_o a_o burgh_n be_v only_o by_o watch_v and_o ward_n when_o the_o vassal_n enter_v he_o pay_v a_o acknowledgement_n to_o the_o superior_a which_o be_v call_v relief_n because_o it_o be_v pay_v for_o reliving_a his_o land_n out_o of_o the_o superior_n hand_n it_o be_v debitum_fw-la fundi_fw-la and_o affect_v not_o only_o the_o ground_n real_o but_o the_o vassal_n personal_o who_o take_v out_o the_o precept_n for_o infeft_v himself_o though_o he_o never_o take_v infeftment_n thereupon_o the_o value_n of_o this_o casuality_n vary_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o hold_n for_o in_o blench_v and_o feu_n holding_n it_o be_v only_o the_o double_a of_o the_o feu_n or_o blench_v duty_n but_o in_o ward-holdings_a it_o be_v the_o full_a duty_n of_o the_o land_n if_o the_o superior_a be_v in_o possession_n the_o time_n of_o the_o vassal_n entry_n but_o if_o the_o superior_a be_v not_o in_o possession_n though_o the_o vassal_n be_v minor_a or_o if_o the_o vassal_n be_v major_a before_o his_o predecessor_n die_v than_o the_o superior_a get_v only_o the_o retour_fw-fr duty_n and_o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v remmit_v by_o the_o superior_n enter_v his_o vassal_n that_o it_o be_v still_o exact_v though_o it_o be_v gift_v with_o the_o other_o casualty_n for_o understand_v life-rent_a escheate_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o know_v that_o when_o any_o man_n do_v not_o pay_v a_o debt_n or_o perform_v a_o deed_n conform_v to_o his_o obligation_n his_o obligation_n be_v registrate_v if_o it_o carry_v a_o consent_n to_o the_o registration_n in_o the_o body_n of_o it_o or_o if_o it_o do_v not_o there_o must_v be_v a_o sentence_n recover_v and_o upon_o that_o registrated_a writ_n or_o decreet_a for_o a_o registrated_a writ_n be_v a_o decreet_a in_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n there_o will_v be_v letter_n of_o horn_v raise_v and_o the_o party_n will_v be_v charge_v and_o if_o he_o pay_v not_o within_o the_o day_n allow_v by_o the_o charge_n he_o will_v be_v denounce_v rebel_n and_o put_v to_o the_o horn_n and_o from_o the_o very_a day_n of_o the_o denounciation_n all_o his_o moveable_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n by_o a_o casuality_n which_o be_v call_v single_a escheat_n but_o now_o single_a escheate_n fall_v likewise_o to_o lord_n of_o regality_n if_o the_o person_n denounce_v live_v within_o a_o regality_n because_o the_o king_n have_v gift_v all_o single_a escheate_n when_o he_o erect_v those_o regality_n if_o the_o vassal_n continue_v year_n and_o day_n rebel_n without_o relax_v himself_o which_o relaxation_n be_v expede_n by_o letter_n under_o the_o king_n signet_n express_o ordain_v he_o to_o be_v relax_v from_o the_o rebellion_n then_o he_o be_v esteem_v as_o civil_o dead_a and_o consequent_o not_o be_v able_a to_o serve_v the_o superior_a the_o law_n give_v the_o superior_a the_o meal_n and_o duty_n of_o his_o feu_n during_o all_o the_o day_n of_o the_o vassal_n life_n and_o this_o casuality_n be_v call_v liferent_a escheat_n so_o that_o every_o superior_a aswell_o as_o the_o king_n have_v right_o to_o the_o meal_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o land_n hold_v of_o himself_o 32._o if_o his_o vassal_n be_v once_o infeft_v and_o even_o though_o he_o be_v not_o infeft_v if_o he_o be_v appearand_a heir_n and_o may_v have_v be_v infeft_v for_o his_o lie_v out_o shall_v not_o prejudge_v his_o superior_a but_o if_o a_o man_n have_v right_a by_o disposition_n whereupon_o no_o infeftment_n follow_v the_o king_n only_o will_v have_v right_a to_o his_o life-rent_a escheat_n as_o he_o have_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n to_o the_o manse_v and_o gleeb_n of_o minister_n when_o they_o be_v rebel_n since_o they_o be_v not_o infeft_v in_o these_o but_o all_o heritable_a and_o life-rent_a right_n require_v no_o infeftment_n of_o their_o own_o nature_n such_o as_o a_o terce_n and_o liferent-tack_n fall_v not_o to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o life-rent_a tack_n fall_v to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o life-rent_a by_o terce_n pertain_v to_o the_o superior_a during_o the_o liferenters_a life-time_n 15._o this_o life-rent_a escheat_n comprehend_v only_a right_n to_o which_o the_o vassal_n himself_o have_v right_a
for_o his_o life-time_n for_o else_o it_o will_v fall_v under_o single_a escheat_n single_a escheates_n comprehend_v every_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o a_o life-rent_a escheat_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o superior_a have_v right_a to_o the_o vassal_n liferent_a escheat_n become_v rebel_n himself_o the_o vassal_n liferent_a escheat_n will_v fall_v under_o the_o superior_n single_a escheat_n for_o the_o superior_a have_v not_o right_a to_o those_o meal_n and_o duty_n during_o all_o the_o day_n of_o his_o own_o life-time_n and_o so_o it_o can_v not_o fall_v under_o his_o liferent_a and_o the_o like_a do_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n hold_v in_o all_o such_o as_o have_v assignation_n to_o liferent_n or_o to_o liferent_a escheat_n or_o to_o tack_n for_o any_o definit_a number_n of_o year_n few_o or_o many_o the_o superior_a have_v also_o right_a to_o the_o sub-vassal_n liferent_a escheat_n which_o fall_v after_o the_o vassal_n denounciation_n for_o by_o the_o denounciation_n of_o the_o immediate_a vassal_n the_o superior_a come_v in_o his_o place_n and_o so_o have_v right_a to_o the_o sub-vassal_n liferent_a the_o liferent_a escheat_n fall_v by_o the_o rebellion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o the_o denounciation_n and_o the_o year_n and_o day_n be_v give_v only_o to_o the_o rebel_n to_o relax_v himself_o so_o that_o if_o he_o relax_v not_o within_o that_o time_n his_o liferent_a will_v fall_v from_o the_o denounciation_n in_o competition_n betwixt_o the_o superior_a of_o the_o rebel_n and_o the_o rebel_n creditor_n these_o rule_n be_v observe_v in_o our_o decision_n primo_fw-la no_o legal_a diligence_n nor_o voluntar_n right_a for_o payment_n of_o any_o debt_n contract_v after_o rebellion_n will_v prejudge_v the_o superior_a for_o else_o after_o a_o vassal_n be_v at_o the_o horn_n he_o may_v fraudulent_o contract_v debt_n to_o prejudge_v the_o superior_a secundo_fw-la if_o the_o debt_n be_v prior_n to_o the_o denounciation_n no_o voluntar_n infeftment_n will_v prejudge_v the_o superior_a except_o the_o rebel_n be_v oblige_v prior_n to_o the_o rebellion_n to_o grant_v that_o infeftment_n and_o that_o the_o infeftment_n itself_o be_v expede_n within_o year_n and_o day_n of_o the_o denounciation_n tertio_fw-la though_o legal_a diligence_n be_v more_o favourable_a than_o voluntar_n right_n because_o there_o be_v less_o collusion_n yet_o no_o legal_a diligence_n will_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o superior_a except_o it_o be_v lead_v for_o a_o debt_n prio_fw-la to_o the_o denounciation_n and_o be_v complete_v by_o infeftment_n or_o charge_n within_o year_n and_o day_n thereof_o albeit_o the_o say_v legal_a diligence_n be_v deduce_v after_o the_o denounciation_n though_o this_o be_v the_o course_n in_o competition_n quo_fw-la ad_fw-la liferent_a escheate_n yet_o actual_a payment_n make_v or_o diligence_n do_v to_o or_o by_o creditor_n for_o payment_n of_o debt_n prior_n to_o the_o rebellion_n or_o the_o commission_n of_o crime_n will_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o donator_n if_o these_o right_n or_o diligence_n be_v complete_v before_o declarator_n which_o we_o owe_v rather_o to_o the_o benignity_n of_o our_o king_n than_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o these_o right_n since_o there_o be_v jus_o questitum_fw-la fisco_fw-la by_o the_o denounciation_n liferent_a escheates_n be_v proper_a to_o all_o kind_n of_o hold_v except_o burgage_n and_o mortification_n for_o the_o vassal_n be_v a_o society_n or_o incorporation_n die_v not_o and_o so_o can_v have_v no_o liferent_a escheat_n and_o albeit_o the_o administrator_n be_v denounce_v for_o debt_n due_a by_o the_o incorporation_n yet_o that_o be_v still_o presume_v to_o be_v their_o negligence_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o prejudge_v the_o society_n for_o complete_n this_o casuality_n a_o general_a declarator_n must_v be_v raise_v at_o the_o superior_a or_o donator_n instance_n to_o hear_v and_o see_v it_o find_v and_o declare_v that_o the_o vassal_n be_v orderly_o denounce_v rebel_n and_o have_v continue_v at_o the_o horn_n year_n and_o day_n and_o in_o a_o competition_n betwixt_o donator_n the_o last_o gift_n if_o first_o declare_v will_v be_v prefer_v if_o the_o gift_n be_v take_v to_o the_o behoove_v of_o the_o rebel_n it_o be_v null_a and_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v to_o his_o behoove_v if_o he_o or_o his_o family_n be_v suffer_v to_o stay_v in_o possession_n the_o last_o privilege_n of_o the_o superior_a be_v that_o he_o may_v force_v his_o vassal_n to_o exhite_a his_o evident_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v know_v what_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o hold_n and_o in_o what_o he_o be_v liable_a to_o his_o superior_a which_o proceed_v ordinary_o by_o a_o action_n of_o improbation_n title_n vi_o of_o the_o right_n which_o the_o vassal_n acquire_v by_o get_v the_o feu_fw-fr the_o vassal_n by_o get_v the_o feu_n settle_v in_o his_o person_n by_o charter_n and_o season_n as_o say_v be_v have_v right_o to_o all_o house_n castle_n tower_n but_o not_o fortalice_n wood_n and_o other_o thing_n that_o be_v above_o ground_n of_o the_o land_n express_o dispone_v and_o to_o coal_n limestone_n and_o other_o thing_n within_o ground_n and_o to_o whatever_o have_v be_v possess_v as_o part_v and_o pertinent_a of_o the_o land_n past_o memory_n of_o man_n but_o there_o be_v some_o thing_n which_o pass_v not_o under_o the_o general_a dispositive_a word_n and_o require_v a_o special_a disposition_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n in_o a_o eminent_a way_n and_o be_v call_v therefore_o regalia_z and_o be_v not_o presume_v to_o have_v be_v dispone_v by_o his_o majesty_n or_o any_o other_o superior_a except_o they_o be_v special_o mention_v such_o as_o be_v all_o jurisdiction_n forest_n salmond-fishings_a treasure_n hide_v within_o the_o ground_n and_o gold_n silver_n and_o fine-lead_a for_o other_o mine_n such_o as_o iron_n copper_n etc._n etc._n belong_v to_o the_o vassal_n if_o land_n be_v erect_v in_o a_o barony_n by_o the_o king_n then_o though_o the_o land_n lie_v discontiguous_o one_o season_n will_v serve_v for_o they_o all_o because_o barony_n imply_v a_o union_n this_o erect_v they_o in_o a_o barony_n will_v likewise_o carry_v a_o right_n to_o jurisdiction_n and_o court_n fortalices_n forest_n hunt_v of_o deer_n and_o port_n with_o their_o small_a custom_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n for_o uphold_v these_o port_n milnes_n salmond-fishings_a etc._n etc._n because_o barronia_n est_fw-la nomen_fw-la universitatis_fw-la and_o possession_n of_o any_o part_n of_o a_o barony_n be_v repute_v possession_n of_o the_o whole_a but_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n 12._o treasure_n and_o good_n confiscate_v be_v not_o carry_v with_o the_o barony_n the_o heritor_n have_v also_o power_n to_o set_v tack_n remove_v and_o in-put_a tenant_n as_o a_o consequence_n of_o his_o property_n a_o tack_v be_v a_o location_n or_o contract_n whereby_o the_o use_n of_o any_o thing_n be_v set_v to_o the_o tacksman_n for_o a_o certain_a hire_n and_o in_o our_o law_n it_o require_v necessary_o that_o the_o term_n of_o the_o entry_n and_o the_o be_v must_v be_v express_v that_o be_v to_o say_v when_o it_o shall_v begin_v and_o end_v and_o it_o must_v bear_v a_o particular_a duty_n else_o it_o be_v null_a and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o valid_a tack_v that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o write_v be_v adhibit_v verbal_a tack_n be_v only_o valid_a for_o one_o year_n to_o the_o thing_n set_v the_o contracter_n name_n tack-duty_n ish_n and_o entry_n clear_o therein_o express_v and_o clothe_v with_o possession_n it_o will_v defend_v the_o poor_a tacksman_n against_o any_o buyer_n *_o and_o even_o against_o 17_o the_o king_n and_o his_o donator_n when_o they_o succeed_v by_o forfeiture_n which_o be_v introduce_v in_o favour_n of_o poor_a tenant_n for_o encourage_v they_o to_o improve_v the_o land_n but_o it_o will_v not_o defend_v against_o a_o superior_a of_o ward_n land_n for_o the_o ward_n etc._n etc._n though_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o superior_a be_v oblige_v to_o continue_v they_o in_o their_o possession_n till_o the_o next_o term_n of_o whitsonday_n 26._o albeit_o tack_n have_v not_o all_o the_o solemnity_n aforesaid_a yet_o they_o be_v valid_a against_o the_o grant_a and_o his_o heir_n tenant_n can_v assign_v their_o tack_n except_o they_o be_v liferent_a tack_n or_o that_o the_o tack_v bear_v a_o power_n to_o assign_v but_o they_o may_v be_v comprise_v or_o adjudge_v and_o if_o the_o master_n suffer_v the_o tacksman_n to_o continue_v after_o the_o tack_v be_v expyre_v he_o will_v be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v no_o more_o than_o he_o pay_v former_o during_o the_o tack_v and_o this_o be_v call_v in_o our_o law_n the_o benefit_n of_o a_o tacit_a relocation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v both_o the_o setter_n and_o the_o tacks-man_n be_v presume_v to_o design_n to_o continue_v the_o tack_v upon_o the_o former_a term_n till_o the_o tennent_n be_v warn_v if_o the_o tack_v be_v grant_v to_o sub-tennent_n then_o the_o tacks-man_n may_v
thereafter_o make_v any_o voluntar_n gratuitous_a right_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o that_o tailzie_n but_o yet_o the_o land_n tailzy_v may_v be_v comprise_v or_o adjudge_v for_o sum_n true_o due_a and_o not_o dolose_o contract_v to_o disappoint_v the_o tailzie_a provision_n heir_n of_o provision_n be_v these_o who_o succeed_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o particular_a provision_n in_o the_o infeftment_n such_o as_o be_v heir_n of_o a_o second_o marriage_n and_o as_o to_o these_o heir_n of_o marriage_n we_o may_v observe_v two_o thing_n first_o that_o if_o a_o father_n by_o his_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v oblige_v to_o employ_v a_o sum_n to_o himself_o and_o wife_n in_o conjunct-â—ie_a and_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n he_o can_v in_o prejudice_v thereof_o do_v any_o fraudulent_a gratuitous_a deed_n though_o he_o may_v provide_v a_o jointure_n for_o a_o second_o wife_n or_o provision_n for_o his_o child_n of_o a_o second_o marriage_n secundo_fw-la though_o a_o father_n may_v assign_v or_o dispone_v sum_n to_o child_n when_o extant_a whereby_o they_o will_v be_v prefer_v to_o posterior_n creditor_n become_v fiar_n by_o the_o say_a right_n yet_o if_o the_o father_n dispone_v to_o child_n to_o be_v procreate_v this_o will_v be_v consider_v only_o as_o a_o destination_n and_o so_o will_v not_o hinder_v the_o father_n to_o make_v posterior_n right_n or_o even_o posterior_n creditor_n to_o affect_v by_o diligenâ—es_n what_o be_v so_o dispone_v tertio_fw-la process_n will_v be_v sustain_v at_o the_o instance_n even_o of_o the_o appearand_a heir_n of_o the_o marriage_n against_o the_o father_n to_o fulfil_v the_o special_a obligation_n therein_o or_o to_o purge_v any_o deed_n already_o do_v by_o he_o in_o prejudice_n thereof_o albeit_o where_o heir_n be_v not_o design_v in_o any_o right_n the_o heir_n of_o line_n exclude_v all_o other_o heir_n yet_o if_o a_o man_n take_v land_n to_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n male_a tailzie_n or_o provision_n and_o thereafter_o acquire_v reversion_n or_o tack_n of_o the_o same_o land_n to_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n these_o right_n will_v accress_v to_o that_o special_a heir_n to_o who_o the_o land_n be_v provide_v for_o it_o be_v not_o presumable_a that_o a_o man_n will_v give_v the_o land_n to_o one_o and_o the_o right_n of_o they_o to_o another_o heir_n when_o woman_n succeed_v all_o these_o of_o one_o degree_n succeed_v equal_o and_o because_o the_o estate_n be_v divide_v among_o they_o they_o be_v call_v heir_n portioner_n the_o elder_a not_o seclude_v the_o portioner_n rest_n and_o have_v no_o advantage_n over_o he_o but_o where_o the_o right_n be_v indivisible_a such_o as_o title_n jurisdiction_n superiority_n and_o all_o the_o casualty_n of_o these_o superiority_n such_o as_o ward_n marriage_n nonentrie_n feu_fw-fr duty_n etc._n etc._n these_o fall_n to_o the_o elder_a heir_n female_a without_o division_n together_o with_o the_o principle_n message_n it_o be_v a_o tower_n or_o fortalice_n for_o other_o house_n be_v divide_v equal_o all_o these_o heir_n be_v liable_a in_o solidum_fw-la if_o they_o once_o enter_v heir_n except_o heir_n portioner_n who_o be_v only_o liable_a pro_fw-la rata_fw-la and_o heir_n substitute_v in_o a_o sum_n who_o be_v only_o liable_a to_o creditor_n in_o the_o value_n of_o the_o sum_n to_o which_o they_o be_v substitute_n but_o they_o have_v in_o scotland_n a_o privilege_n which_o they_o call_v the_o benefit_n of_o discussion_n whereby_o discussion_n the_o heir_n of_o line_n must_v be_v first_o pursue_v to_o fulfil_v the_o defunct_n deâ—ds_n or_o pay_v his_o debt_n and_o next_o to_o these_o the_o heir_n of_o conquest_n the_o heir_n male_a the_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n and_o heir_n of_o provision_n but_o for_o fulfil_v a_o deed_n relate_v to_o particular_a land_n the_o heir_n who_o succeed_v in_o these_o particular_a land_n must_v be_v first_o pursue_v without_o discuss_v and_o that_o which_o be_v mean_v by_o discuss_v be_v that_o the_o creditor_n must_v proceed_v by_o horn_v caption_n and_o apprise_a against_o the_o heir_n who_o be_v to_o be_v discuss_v before_o he_o can_v reach_v the_o other_o heir_n a_o heir_n be_v say_v with_o we_o to_o be_v heir_n active_a who_o be_v serve_v heir_n and_o may_v pursue_v whereas_o he_o who_o the_o law_n make_v active_a liable_a to_o be_v heir_n be_v say_v to_o be_v heir_n passive_a as_o when_o the_o appearand_a heir_n be_v infeft_v upon_o a_o precept_n of_o clare_v constat_fw-la by_o the_o superior_a or_o otherwise_o medles_a with_o his_o father_n estate_n when_o the_o predecessor_n die_v he_o who_o shall_v be_v heir_n and_o heir_n therefore_o be_v call_v appearand_a heir_n have_v year_n and_o day_n allow_v he_o to_o deliberate_v whether_o he_o will_v be_v heir_n which_o be_v call_v annus_fw-la deliberandi_fw-la 27._o and_o which_o be_v indulge_v by_o the_o law_n because_o if_o a_o man_n enter_v once_o heir_n he_o be_v liable_a to_o all_o the_o debt_n though_o far_o exceed_v the_o estate_n and_o within_o that_o year_n he_o can_v be_v pursue_v nor_o oblige_v to_o enter_v but_o after_o the_o year_n be_v expyre_v the_o creditor_n may_v charge_v he_o to_o enter_v heir_n and_o if_o he_o resolve_v not_o to_o enter_v he_o must_v renounce_v any_o right_n he_o have_v by_o a_o writ_n under_o his_o hand_n this_o year_n be_v count_v from_o the_o defunct_n death_n except_o in_o a_o posthum_fw-la child_n who_o have_v a_o year_n child_n allow_v he_o after_o his_o birth_n and_o not_o only_o during_o this_o year_n but_o after_o it_o expire_v the_o appearand_a heir_n without_o instruct_v any_o title_n may_v pursue_v for_o exhibition_n of_o all_o right_n make_v to_o his_o predecessor_n and_o of_o all_o right_n make_v by_o his_o predecssor_n to_o any_o in_o his_o own_o family_n but_o not_o to_o siranger_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v deliberate_v whither_o he_o will_v enter_v heir_n and_o the_o liferenter_fw-la be_v bind_v to_o aliment_v the_o appearand_a heir_n not_o be_v able_a to_o entertain_v himself_o though_o he_o renounce_v vid._n supra_fw-la part_n 2._o title_n 9_o §_o liferent_n if_o the_o appearand_a heir_n resolve_v to_o enter_v heir_n to_o his_o predecessor_n he_o must_v raise_v brief_n from_o the_o chancellarie_n which_o brief_a be_v a_o command_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o judge_n ordinary_a where_o the_o land_n lie_v to_o cause_n cite_v 15_o swear_a man_n to_o try_v whether_o the_o raiser_n of_o the_o brief_a be_v near_a heir_n and_o this_o be_v execute_v or_o proclaim_v at_o the_o mercat_n cross_n where_o the_o land_n lie_v and_o if_o at_o the_o day_n appoint_v these_o 15._o swear_a man_n find_v he_o to_o be_v the_o next_o person_n who_o shall_v succeed_v they_o serve_v he_o heir_n by_o a_o paper_n which_o be_v call_v a_o service_n and_o which_o be_v return_v be_v they_o to_o the_o chancellarie_n there_o be_v a_o write_v give_v to_o the_o heir_n whereby_o he_o be_v declare_v heir_n and_o which_o be_v call_v the_o retour_fw-fr because_o it_o be_v their_o answer_n and_o return_v to_o the_o chancellarie_n of_o the_o point_v contain_v in_o the_o brief_a and_o thereafter_o the_o person_n who_o be_v serve_v heir_n be_v infeft_v by_o a_o precept_n out_o of_o the_o chancellarie_n and_o if_o the_o service_n be_v to_o any_o particular_a land_n it_o be_v call_v a_o special_a service_n but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o land_n design_v it_o be_v only_o call_v a_o general_a service_n and_o this_o general_a service_n be_v sufficient_a to_o establish_v a_o right_a to_o heritable_a band_n disposition_n reversion_n jurisdiction_n and_o all_o other_o right_n whereupon_o the_o defunct_a be_v not_o infeft_v nor_o need_v to_o be_v infeft_v and_o a_o special_a service_n include_v a_o general_a service_n but_o not_o e_z contra_fw-la the_o general_a brief_n have_v only_o two_o point_n or_o head_n viz._n if_o the_o brief_a defunct_a die_v at_o the_o king_n peace_n and_o if_o the_o raiser_n of_o the_o brief_a be_v the_o next_o heir_n but_o the_o special_a 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debt_n but_o give_v he_o only_o active_a right_n to_o the_o particular_a land_n contain_v in_o the_o precept_n nor_o will_v it_o give_v he_o a_o right_a even_o as_o to_o these_o land_n except_o against_o those_o who_o derive_v right_a from_o the_o superior_a who_o give_v it_o bailiff_n also_o of_o burgh_n royal_a do_v infeft_v their_o burgess_n as_o heir_n in_o burgage_n land_n give_v they_o season_n as_o heir_n by_o deliver_v they_o for_o a_o symbol_n the_o hesp_n and_o staple_n of_o the_o door_n and_o the_o season_n in_o that_o case_n be_v in_o place_n of_o a_o service_n as_o to_o these_o land_n but_o be_v not_o in_o other_o case_n a_o sufficient_a active_a title_n the_o heir_n who_o be_v retour_v hold_v either_o his_o land_n of_o the_o king_n and_o then_o he_o get_v precept_n out_o of_o the_o chancellary_n to_o the_o judge_n ordinary_a to_o infeft_v he_o which_o if_o he_o refuse_v the_o lord_n upon_o a_o supplication_n will_v direct_v precept_n to_o any_o other_o person_n who_o be_v thereby_o make_v a_o sherriff_n in_o that_o part_n but_o if_o the_o land_n hold_v of_o another_o superior_a then_o either_o that_o superior_a be_v himself_o enter_v or_o not_o if_o he_o be_v enter_v he_o will_v be_v charge_v by_o four_o consecutive_a precept_n to_o enter_v the_o heir_n and_o if_o at_o last_o he_o disobey_v his_o immediate_a superior_a will_v be_v charge_v and_o so_o till_o the_o heir_n arrive_v at_o the_o king_n who_o never_o refuse_v to_o enter_v any_o and_o if_o the_o superior_a be_v not_o enter_v he_o must_v be_v charge_v upon_o 40._o day_n to_o enter_v that_o be_v himself_o enter_v he_o may_v enter_v his_o vassal_n and_o if_o he_o refuse_v or_o delay_v he_o loss_n all_o the_o nonentry_n of_o his_o vassal_n but_o no_o other_o casualty_n because_o quoad_fw-la these_o he_o be_v not_o culpable_a though_o the_o person_n who_o shall_v be_v heir_n do_v not_o enter_v to_o his_o predecessor_n heritage_n yet_o he_o may_v be_v make_v liable_a to_o his_o predecessor_n debt_n by_o two_o passive_a title_n relate_v to_o heritable_a right_n viz._n gestionem_fw-la pro_fw-la haerede_fw-la and_o as_o successor_n titulo_fw-la lucrativo_fw-la post_fw-la contractum_fw-la debitum_fw-la and_o there_o be_v a_o three_o passive_a title_n relate_v to_o movable_n which_o be_v call_v vicious_a intromission_n heir_n behave_v as_o heir_n or_o gestio_fw-la pro_fw-la haerede_fw-la be_v when_o the_o person_n who_o may_v have_v be_v heir_n immix_v himself_o and_o intromet_n with_o either_o the_o movable_a heirship_n or_o any_o heritable_a estate_n belong_v to_o the_o defunct_a in_o which_o case_n he_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o creditor_n not_o only_o according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o what_o he_o intromet_v with_o but_o as_o far_o and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v enter_v heir_n and_o yet_o the_o lord_n will_v not_o fasten_v this_o passive_a title_n upon_o a_o man_n because_o of_o its_o extraordinary_a hazard_n where_o the_o intromission_n be_v very_o small_a or_o where_o he_o have_v a_o colourable_a title_n to_o which_o he_o may_v ascrive_v his_o intromission_n as_o a_o factorie_a from_o the_o compryser_n or_o the_o donator_n to_o the_o escheat_n or_o recognition_n gestio_fw-la pro_fw-la haerede_fw-la be_v magis_fw-la animi_fw-la quam_fw-la facti_fw-la which_o factory_n will_v defend_v though_o there_o be_v no_o declarator_n but_o if_o the_o appearand_a heir_n have_v no_o factorie_a it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o allege_v the_o defunct_a die_v rebel_n and_o so_o can_v have_v no_o heir_n except_o his_o escheat_n be_v declare_v before_o intent_v the_o pursuer_n action_n nor_o will_v this_o passive_a title_n nor_o vicious_a intromission_n be_v sustain_v except_o they_o be_v pursue_v in_o the_o intrometter_n own_o life-time_n they_o be_v kind_n of_o delict_n but_o he_o will_v not_o be_v liable_a if_o the_o defunct_n right_o be_v reduce_v though_o after_o his_o intromission_n and_o since_o this_o passive_a title_n be_v introduce_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o creditor_n to_o deter_v appearand_a heir_n from_o fraudulent_a intromission_n therefore_o a_o appearand_a heir_n pay_v his_o predecessor_n debt_n will_v not_o infer_v this_o passive_a title_n since_o that_o be_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o creditor_n nor_o will_v the_o get_n of_o money_n for_o ratify_v a_o comprise_v that_o be_v expire_v infer_v this_o passive_a title_n since_o the_o creditor_n will_v have_v get_v no_o advantage_n by_o that_o right_n but_o if_o the_o appearand_a heir_n have_v consent_v before_o the_o comprise_v be_v expire_v it_o will_v be_v a_o passive_a title_n because_o as_o heir_n he_o may_v have_v redeem_v the_o comprise_v successor_n titulor_fw-la lucrativo_fw-la be_v where_o the_o appearand_a heir_n to_o preclude_v lucr_n the_o necessity_n of_o enter_v heir_n and_o so_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o creditor_n get_v a_o disposition_n from_o he_o to_o who_o he_o will_v have_v be_v heir_n without_o any_o onerous_a cause_n the_o receive_v whereof_o though_o it_o be_v a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o estate_n make_v he_o liable_a to_o the_o payment_n of_o all_o the_o creditor_n debt_n if_o the_o right_o make_v as_o well_o as_o the_o infeftment_n be_v posterior_n to_o the_o creditor_n lawful_a debt_n but_o if_o there_o be_v a_o onerous_a cause_n then_o either_o it_o be_v not_o near_o equivalent_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n dispone_v and_o in_o that_o case_n it_o will_v not_o defend_v against_o this_o passive_a title_n or_o if_o it_o be_v near_o to_o the_o value_n it_o will_v defend_v against_o it_o but_o not_o against_o restitution_n of_o that_o value_n and_o since_o this_o passive_a title_n overtake_v such_o as_o may_v have_v be_v heir_n therefore_o a_o disposition_n grant_v to_o a_o grand_a child_n will_v make_v he_o successor_n titulo_fw-la lucrativo_fw-la though_o the_o father_n be_v alive_a since_o by_o the_o course_n of_o succession_n he_o may_v in_o time_n have_v be_v heir_n though_o he_o be_v not_o immediate_a heir_n but_o since_o this_o can_v only_o reach_v appearand_a heir_n therefore_o a_o disposition_n make_v by_o one_o brother_n to_o another_o though_o the_o maker_n have_v no_o child_n will_v not_o make_v he_o successor_n titulo_fw-la lucrativo_fw-la since_o the_o brother_n may_v have_v have_v heir_n himself_n and_o so_o his_o brother_n be_v not_o his_o appearand_a heir_n the_o passive_a title_n hold_v only_o in_o heritage_n and_o therefore_o the_o get_v a_o right_a to_o movable_a heirship_n and_o tack_n will_v not_o infer_v the_o same_o gestio_fw-la pro_fw-la haerede_fw-la and_o successor_n titulo_fw-la lucrativo_fw-la be_v passive_a title_n whereby_o in_o odium_fw-la of_o the_o irregularity_n of_o the_o intromission_n they_o be_v make_v liable_a as_o heir_n therefore_o these_o passive_a title_n can_v extend_v no_o further_o than_o if_o they_o intromet_n with_o or_o take_v a_o disposition_n to_o these_o thing_n to_o which_o they_o may_v have_v succeed_v and_o so_o not_o infer_v against_o a_o heir_n of_o tailzie_n intromit_v with_o or_o get_v a_o deposition_n of_o what_o will_v have_v fall_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o line_n nor_o can_v they_o be_v extend_v further_o than_o if_o they_o have_v be_v serve_v heir_n and_o thus_o a_o heir_n portioner_n will_v be_v no_o further_o liable_a in_o these_o than_o pro_fw-la rata_fw-la if_o she_o have_v enter_v for_o the_o copy_n shall_v go_v no_o further_o than_o the_o original_n to_o conclude_v the_o succession_n deathbed_n in_o heritage_n it_o be_v â—it_a to_o know_v that_o by_o a_o old_a statute_n 13._o and_o our_o constant_a practic_n a_o man_n can_v dispon_n his_o heritage_n upon_o death_n bed_n in_o prejudice_n of_o his_o heir_n that_o be_v to_o say_v neither_o land_n nor_o heritable_a band_n nor_o any_o band_n though_o movable_a in_o so_o far_o as_o his_o heritage_n may_v be_v thereupon_o apprise_v or_o adjudge_v so_o jealous_a be_v our_o law_n of_o the_o importunity_n of_o churchman_n and_o friend_n and_o of_o the_o weakness_n of_o mankind_n under_o such_o distemper_n and_o therefore_o if_o a_o man_n have_v make_v any_o right_n in_o prejudice_n of_o his_o heir_n after_o contract_a sickness_n though_o he_o be_v sound_a enough_o in_o his_o judgement_n for_o the_o time_n and_o continue_a sound_n for_o a_o very_a long_a time_n yet_o this_o right_n will_v be_v reduce_v as_o do_v in_o lecto_fw-la or_o upon_o death_n bed_n either_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o appearand_a heir_n or_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o apprearand_a heir_n creditor_n and_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v sickness_n though_o it_o be_v not_o prove_v mortal_a and_o that_o he_o be_v sick_a without_o prove_v that_o he_o die_v of_o that_o sickness_n or_o be_v sick_a the_o very_a time_n of_o the_o disposition_n if_o thereafter_o the_o maker_n of_o such_o a_o right_n come_v to_o kirk_n or_o mercat_n unsupported_a the_o law_n presume_v that_o the_o