consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o baron_n for_o in_o his_o charter_n whereby_o he_o divide_v the_o court-christian_a from_o the_o temporal_a he_o say_v thus_o sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la episcopales_fw-la leges_fw-la communi_fw-la concilio_n &_o consilio_fw-la archiepiscoporum_fw-la meorum_fw-la &_o caeterorum_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la &_o abbatum_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la principum_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la emendandas_fw-la judicavi_fw-la and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v that_o same_o commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la whereby_o he_o make_v the_o law_n he_o speak_v of_o in_o his_o charter_n of_o the_o great_a establishment_n aforesaid_a william_n rufus_n in_o an._n 1094._o call_n 26._o episcopos_fw-la abbates_n cunctosque_fw-la regni_fw-la principes_fw-la to_o a_o council_n at_o rochingheham_n 5._o id._n mar._n henry_n 1._o de_fw-fr communi_fw-la concilio_n gentis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la say_v matthew_n paris_n posuit_fw-la dunelmensem_fw-la episcopum_fw-la in_o vinculis_fw-la where_o gentis_fw-la anglorum_fw-la may_v be_v extend_v to_o such_o a_o parliament_n as_o we_o use_v at_o this_o day_n if_o the_o use_n of_o that_o time_n have_v bear_v it_o but_o eadmere_n speak_v of_o a_o great_a counsel_n hold_v a_o little_a after_o at_o lambeth_n call_v it_o concilium_fw-la magnatum_fw-la utriusque_fw-la ordinis_fw-la exclude_v plain_o the_o commons_o and_o to_o that_o effect_n be_v also_o all_o the_o other_o council_n of_o his_o time_n but_o our_o late_a chronicler_n follow_v 188._o polydore_n as_o it_o seem_v for_o they_o cite_v no_o author_n do_v affirm_v that_o henry_n i._o in_o the_o sixteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n hold_v the_o first_o parliament_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n the_o truth_n whereof_o i_o have_v take_v some_o pain_n to_o examine_v but_o can_v find_v nothing_o to_o make_v it_o good_a 117._o eadmerus_n who_o flourish_v at_o that_o very_a time_n write_v particular_o of_o this_o council_n or_o assembly_n say_v xiii_o kal._n aprilis_n factus_fw-la est_fw-la conventus_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la &_o principum_fw-la totius_fw-la regni_fw-la apud_fw-la serberiam_fw-la cogente_fw-la eos_fw-la illuc_fw-la sanctione_n regis_fw-la henrici_fw-la i._n and_o among_o other_o cause_n handle_v there_o he_o show_v this_o to_o be_v the_o principal_a viz._n that_o the_o king_n be_v to_o go_v into_o normandy_n and_o not_o know_v how_o god_n may_v dispose_v of_o he_o he_o desire_v that_o the_o succession_n may_v be_v confirm_v on_o his_o son_n william_n whereupon_o say_v eadmer_n omnes_fw-la principes_fw-la facti_fw-la sunt_fw-la homines_fw-la ipsius_fw-la willielmi_n fide_fw-la &_o sacramento_n confirmati_fw-la florentius_n wigorniensis_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n and_o die_v about_o two_o year_n after_o 1116._o report_v it_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n conventio_fw-la optimatum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la apud_fw-la sealesbiriam_n 14._o cal._n apr._n facta_fw-la est_fw-la qui_fw-la in_fw-la praesentia_fw-la regis_fw-la henrici_fw-la homagium_fw-la filio_fw-la svo_fw-la gulielmo_n fecerunt_fw-la &_o fidelitatem_fw-la ei_fw-la juraverunt_fw-la here_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o commons_o who_o in_o likelihood_n they_o shall_v not_o have_v pretermit_v if_o they_o have_v be_v there_o assemble_v contrary_a to_o the_o usual_a custom_n of_o those_o time_n nor_o do_v any_o succeed_a walsingh_n author_n that_o i_o can_v find_v once_o touch_v upon_o it_o i_o conceive_v there_o may_v a_o mistake_n grow_v by_o polydore_n or_o some_o other_o for_o that_o many_o of_o the_o commons_o if_o not_o all_o be_v at_o this_o time_n general_o swear_v to_o prince_n william_n as_o well_o as_o the_o baron_n be_v and_o as_o after_o in_o the_o year_n 1127._o to_o maud_n his_o daughter_n prince_n william_n be_v then_o dead_a but_o i_o no_o where_o find_v in_o all_o the_o council_n or_o parliament_n if_o you_o so_o will_v call_v they_o of_o this_o time_n any_o mention_n make_v of_o any_o other_o than_o the_o bishop_n baron_n and_o great_a person_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o so_o likewise_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n stephen_n the_o first_o alteration_n that_o i_o meet_v with_o be_v in_o the_o twenty_o second_o year_n of_o hen._n ii_o where_o benedict_n abbas_n say_v circa_n festum_fw-la s._n pauli_n venit_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la northampton_n &_o magnum_fw-la ibi_fw-la celebravit_fw-la concilium_fw-la de_fw-la statutis_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la coram_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la terrae_fw-la suae_fw-la &_o per_fw-la consilium_fw-la militum_fw-la &_o hominum_fw-la suorum_fw-la here_o militum_fw-la &_o hominum_fw-la suorum_fw-la extend_v beyond_o the_o baron_n and_o agree_v with_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n as_o after_z shall_v appear_v yet_o hoveden_n speak_v of_o this_o council_n do_v not_o mention_v they_o but_o only_o term_v it_o magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la but_o there_o happen_v about_o this_o 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the_o council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n as_o the_o baron_n do_v they_o can_v not_o be_v patronise_v under_o they_o and_o doubtless_o they_o be_v not_o many_o at_o this_o time_n though_o much_o increase_v since_o the_o make_n of_o domesdei_n book_n where_o those_o few_o that_o be_v then_o be_v mention_v and_o it_o may_v be_v the_o word_n hominum_fw-la here_o do_v signify_v those_o that_o serve_v for_o burrough-town_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n for_o it_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o tenant_n not_o of_o servant_n to_o grope_v no_o further_o in_o this_o darkness_n the_o first_o certain_a light_n that_o i_o discover_v for_o the_o form_n of_o our_o parliament_n at_o this_o day_n be_v that_o which_o rise_v forty_o year_n after_o in_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o king_n john_n the_o word_n whereof_o i_o will_v recite_v at_o large_a as_o they_o stand_v not_o only_o in_o matthew_n paris_n but_o also_o in_o the_o red-book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n with_o some_o little_a difference_n happen_v in_o the_o write_n et_fw-la civitas_n londinensis_fw-la habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la antiquas_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la tam_fw-la per_fw-la terras_fw-la quam_fw-la per_fw-la aquas_fw-la praetereà _fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la aliae_fw-la civitates_fw-la &_o burgi_n &_o villae_fw-la &_o barones_n the_o quinque_fw-la portubus_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la portus_n habeant_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la et_fw-la ad_fw-la habendum_fw-la commune_v consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la de_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la aliter_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o maritandâ—â—_n tribus_fw-la casibus_fw-la praedictis_fw-la &_o de_fw-la scutagiis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la summoneri_fw-la faciemus_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la abbates_n comites_fw-la &_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la per_fw-la literas_fw-la nostras_fw-la et_fw-la praetereà _fw-la faciemus_fw-la summoneri_fw-la in_o generali_fw-la per_fw-la vicecomites_a &_o ballivos_fw-la nostros_fw-la omnes_fw-la alius_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la tenent_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la ad_fw-la certum_fw-la diem_fw-la scil_n ad_fw-la terminum_fw-la 40._o dierum_fw-la ad_fw-la minus_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la certum_fw-la locum_fw-la &_o in_o omnibus_fw-la literis_fw-la summonitionis_fw-la illius_fw-la causam_fw-la summonitionis_fw-la illius_fw-la exponemus_fw-la et_fw-la sic_fw-la facta_fw-la summonitione_fw-la negotium_fw-la procedat_fw-la ad_fw-la diem_fw-la assignatum_fw-la secundum_fw-la consilium_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la praesentes_fw-la fuerint_fw-la quamvis_fw-la non_fw-la omnes_fw-la summoniti_fw-la venerint_fw-la here_o be_v lay_v forth_o the_o member_n the_o matter_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o summon_v of_o a_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o as_o it_o seem_v be_v not_o yet_o in_o the_o record_n of_o state_n call_v a_o parliament_n the_o member_n be_v of_o three_o sort_n first_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n abbot_n earl_n and_o the_o great_a baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o call_v to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o the_o lesser_a baron_n which_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o manor_n second_o those_o here_o before_o mention_v by_o bened._n abbas_n to_o be_v call_v to_o clarenden_n that_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o i_o take_v to_o be_v now_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o three_o those_o of_o city_n burrough_n and_o
town_n call_v burgess_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o cinque-port_n the_o first_o sort_n be_v to_o appear_v personal_o or_o by_o particular_a proxy_n for_o the_o word_n as_o touch_v they_o be_v summoniri_fw-la faciemus_fw-la sigillatim_fw-la but_o as_o touch_v the_o other_o it_o be_v summoniri_fw-la faciemus_fw-la generaliter_fw-la etc._n etc._n not_o that_o all_o shall_v come_v confuse_o but_o that_o they_o shall_v send_v their_o advocate_n which_o common_o be_v but_o two_o to_o speak_v for_o they_o these_o the_o french_a in_o their_o parliament_n call_v 27._o ambasiatores_fw-la and_o syndicos_fw-la in_o the_o first_o rank_n the_o earl_n and_o great_a baron_n have_v their_o place_n in_o this_o council_n for_o that_o they_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o a_o barony_n and_o the_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n with_o they_o of_o the_o second_o rank_n so_o likewise_o for_o that_o it_o be_v declare_v and_o ordain_v in_o the_o council_n of_o clarendon_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v their_o possession_n of_o the_o king_n as_o a_o barony_n and_o shall_v be_v suitor_n and_o sit_v in_o the_o king_n court_n in_o judgement_n as_o other_o baron_n till_o it_o come_v to_o the_o diminution_n of_o member_n or_o matter_n of_o death_n but_o this_o council_n of_o clarendon_n do_v rather_o affirm_v than_o give_v they_o their_o privilege_n for_o the_o prelate_n of_o the_o church_n be_v in_o all_o age_n the_o prime_a part_n of_o these_o great_a council_n in_o the_o three_o rank_n the_o burgess_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o cinque-port_n have_v their_o place_n not_o so_o much_o in_o respect_n of_o tenure_n for_o they_o be_v not_o conceive_v to_o be_v owner_n of_o land_n but_o for_o that_o in_o tax_n and_o tallage_n touch_v their_o good_n and_o matter_n of_o trade_n they_o may_v have_v some_o to_o speak_v for_o they_o as_o well_o as_o other_o member_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o here_o then_o arise_v a_o question_n how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o every_o poor_a burrow_n of_o england_n how_o little_a soever_o it_o be_v two_o except_v have_v two_o to_o speak_v for_o they_o in_o this_o great_a council_n when_o the_o great_a county_n have_v no_o more_o it_o seem_v that_o those_o of_o the_o county_n who_o we_o call_v knight_n serve_v not_o in_o ancient_a time_n for_o all_o the_o freeholders_n of_o the_o county_n as_o at_o this_o day_n they_o do_v but_o be_v only_o choose_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o they_o that_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o be_v not_o barones_n majores_fw-la baron_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o all_o freeholder_n beside_o they_o have_v their_o lord_n paramount_n which_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la to_o speak_v for_o they_o as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o and_o these_o only_o have_v no_o body_n for_o that_o themselves_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n therefore_o king_n john_n by_o his_o charter_n do_v agree_v to_o summon_v they_o only_o and_o no_o other_o freeholder_n howbeit_o those_o other_o freeholder_n because_o they_o can_v not_o always_o be_v certain_o distinguish_v from_o they_o that_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la which_o increase_v daily_o grow_v by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o have_v voice_n in_o election_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o at_o last_o to_o be_v confirm_v therein_o by_o the_o stat._n 7._o henr._n iu._n and_o 8._o henr._n vi_o but_o to_o come_v to_o our_o question_n why_o there_o be_v but_o two_o knight_n for_o a_o county_n it_o may_v well_o seem_v to_o be_v for_o that_o in_o those_o time_n of_o old_a there_o be_v very_o few_o beside_o the_o baron_n that_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o that_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v and_o that_o two_o therefore_o may_v seem_v sufficient_a for_o these_o few_o as_o well_o as_o two_o for_o the_o great_a burrough_n or_o city_n of_o england_n except_o london_n and_o it_o may_v be_v that_o of_o the_o four_o which_o serve_v for_o london_n two_o of_o they_o be_v for_o it_o as_o it_o be_v a_o city_n and_o two_o other_o as_o it_o be_v a_o county_n though_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v not_o so_o but_o when_o two_o come_v first_o to_o be_v choose_v or_o appoint_v for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o burrow_n or_o county_n i_o can_v find_v it_o seem_v by_o those_o synod_n that_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n and_o by_o some_o after_o the_o conquest_n that_o great_a number_n of_o the_o common_a people_n flow_v thither_o epist_n for_o it_o be_v say_v in_o an._n 1021._o cum_fw-la quamplurimis_fw-la gregariis_fw-la militibus_fw-la ac_fw-la cum_fw-la populi_fw-la multitudine_fw-la copiosa_fw-la and_o an._n 1126._o innumeraque_fw-la cleri_fw-la &_o populi_fw-la multitudine_fw-la and_o so_o likewise_o in_o an._n 1138._o and_o other_o synod_n and_o council_n by_o what_o order_n or_o limitation_n this_o innumera_fw-la populi_fw-la multitudo_fw-la come_v to_o these_o assembly_n it_o appear_v not_o 10._o bartol_n that_o famous_a civilian_n and_o 15._o hottoman_a according_a with_o he_o thus_o expound_v it_o in_o other_o place_n nota_fw-la quod_fw-la praesides_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la coadunant_fw-la universale_fw-la parlamentum_fw-la provinciae_fw-la quod_fw-la intellige_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la de_fw-la provincia_n debent_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la ire_n sed_fw-la de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la civitatibus_fw-la deputantur_fw-la ambasiatores_fw-la qui_fw-la civitatem_fw-la repraesentant_fw-la and_o l._n johan_n de_fw-fr platea_n likewise_o say_v vbi_fw-la super_fw-la aliquo_fw-la providendum_fw-la est_fw-la pro_fw-la utilitate_fw-la totius_fw-la provinciae_fw-la debet_fw-la congregari_fw-la generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la seu_fw-la parlamentum_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la de_fw-la provincia_n vadant_fw-la sed_fw-la de_fw-la qualibet_fw-la civitate_fw-la aliqui_fw-la ambasiatores_fw-la vel_fw-la syndici_fw-la qui_fw-la totam_fw-la civitatem_fw-la repraesentent_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la concilio_n seu_fw-la parlamento_n petitur_fw-la proponi_fw-la sanum_fw-la ac_fw-la utile_fw-la consilium_fw-la but_o our_o burgess_n as_o it_o seem_v in_o time_n of_o old_a be_v not_o call_v to_o consult_v of_o state_n matter_n be_v unproper_a to_o their_o education_n otherwise_o than_o in_o matter_n of_o aid_n and_o subsidy_n for_o king_n john_n grant_v no_o more_o unto_o they_o than_o ad_fw-la habendum_fw-la commune_v consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la de_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la assidâ—ndis_fw-la if_o his_o charter_n be_v so_o point_v that_o this_o clause_n belong_v to_o that_o of_o the_o liberty_n grant_v to_o they_o which_o be_v very_o doubtful_a and_o seem_v rather_o to_o belong_v to_o that_o which_o follow_v otherwise_o there_o be_v no_o word_n at_o all_o for_o call_v they_o unto_o the_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n if_o you_o so_o will_v term_v they_o of_o that_o time_n and_o yet_o further_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o this_o whole_a branch_n of_o his_o charter_n touch_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o summon_n a_o great_a council_n be_v not_o comprise_v in_o the_o article_n between_o he_o and_o his_o baron_n whereupon_o the_o charter_n be_v ground_v but_o gain_v from_o he_o as_o it_o seem_v afterward_o and_o that_o may_v be_v a_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v leave_v out_o in_o the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o henry_n iii_o confirm_v after_o by_o edward_n i._o in_o such_o manner_n as_o now_o we_o have_v it_o the_o charter_n of_o these_o article_n i_o have_v see_v under_o his_o own_o seal_n after_o the_o death_n of_o king_n john_n i_o find_v many_o of_o these_o great_a council_n hold_v and_o to_o be_v often_o name_v by_o the_o author_n of_o that_o time_n colloquia_fw-la after_o the_o french_a word_n parliament_n but_o no_o mention_n in_o any_o of_o they_o of_o burgess_n save_v that_o in_o an._n dom._n 1225._o regis_fw-la 10._o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o king_n hold_v his_o christmas_n at_o westminster_n praesentibus_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la cum_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la regionis_fw-la and_o that_o the_o solemnity_n be_v end_v hugh_n de_fw-fr burgo_n the_o king_n justice_n propound_v to_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n &_o aliis_fw-la universis_fw-la the_o loss_n the_o king_n have_v receive_v in_o france_n require_v of_o they_o one_o xv_o the_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1229._o the_o king_n summon_v to_o westminster_n archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la abbates_n priores_fw-la templarios_fw-la hospitalarios_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n ecclesiarum_fw-la rectores_fw-la &_o qui_fw-fr de_fw-fr se_fw-la tenebant_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la about_o the_o grant_v a_o ten_o to_o the_o pope_n wherein_o those_o that_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la be_v call_v as_o in_o henr._n ii_o to_o the_o council_n of_o clarendon_n and_o as_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n purport_v but_o no_o mention_n be_v here_o make_v of_o burgess_n the_o original_a of_o the_o four_o term_n of_o the_o year_n by_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n kt._n print_a in_o the_o year_n 1684._o from_o a_o very_a uncorrect_a and_o imperfect_a copy_n now_o publish_a from_o the_o original_a manuscript_n in_o the_o bodleian_n library_n sir_n william_n dugdale_n in_o his_o origines_fw-la juridiciales_fw-la chap._n 32._o
execution_n of_o the_o writ_n he_o receive_v from_o they_o and_o i_o take_v it_o that_o in_o old_a time_n they_o be_v the_o ordinary_a day_n set_v to_o the_o defendant_n for_o appearance_n every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v a_o seven-night_n after_o another_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o defendant_n according_a to_o his_o distance_n from_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v to_o appear_v may_v have_v one_o two_o three_o or_o more_o of_o these_o return_v that_o be_v so_o many_o week_n for_o his_o appearance_n as_o he_o be_v county_n off_o in_o distance_n from_o the_o court_n where_o he_o be_v to_o appear_v this_o be_v verify_v by_o the_o law_n of_o 93._o ethelred_n the_o saxon_a king_n in_o case_n of_o vouch_v upon_o trover_n give_v he_o cenne_v ofer_n a_o scira_n haebbe_fw-it a_fw-mi Æ¿ucena_fw-la fyrr_v give_v he_o cenne_v ofer_n tÆ¿a_fw-la scira_fw-la haebbe_fw-it tÆ¿a_fw-la Æ¿ucena_fw-la first_o give_v he_o cenne_v ofer_n iii._o scira_o haebbe_fw-it three_o Æ¿ucena_fw-la first_o ofer_n eal_n sÆ¿a_fw-la fela_fw-la scira_fw-la sÆ¿a_o he_o cenne_n haebbe_fw-it sÆ¿a_fw-la feala_fw-la Æ¿ucena_fw-la fyrrt_n i._n e._n if_o the_o vouchee_n dwell_v one_o shire_n off_o let_v he_o at_o first_o have_v one_o week_n if_o two_o shire_n off_o let_v he_o have_v two_o week_n if_o three_o shire_n off_o let_v he_o have_v three_o week_n and_o for_o so_o many_o shire_n as_o he_o dwell_v off_o let_v he_o have_v so_o many_o week_n the_o law_n of_o 41._o henry_n the_o first_o be_v somewhat_o more_o particular_a qui_fw-la residens_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la domum_fw-la svam_fw-la summoniri_fw-la debet_fw-la de_fw-la placito_fw-la quolibet_fw-la cum_fw-la testibus_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la dâ—mi_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la idem_fw-la dicatur_fw-la vel_fw-la dapifero_fw-la vel_fw-la denique_fw-la familiae_fw-la suae_fw-la libere_fw-la denuncietur_fw-la 〈◊〉_d in_fw-la eodem_fw-la comitatu_fw-la sit_fw-la inde_fw-la ad_fw-la septem_fw-la dies_fw-la terminum_fw-la habeat_fw-la si_fw-la in_o alia_fw-la schira_n â—it_n 15._o dierum_fw-la terminum_fw-la habeat_fw-la &_o si_fw-la in_o tertio_fw-la comitatu_fw-la sit_fw-la 3._o hebdomadae_fw-la 〈◊〉_d quarto_fw-la quartae_fw-la hebdomadae_fw-la &_o ultra_fw-la non_fw-la procedit_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la fuerit_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it 〈◊〉_d competens_fw-la eum_fw-la detineat_fw-la soâ—â—ius_n soinius_fw-la sâ—ultra_fw-la mare_fw-la est_fw-la 6._o hebdomadas_fw-la habeat_fw-la &_o unum_fw-la diem_fw-la ad_fw-la accessum_fw-la &_o recessum_fw-la maris_fw-la nisi_fw-la vel_fw-la occupatio_fw-la servitii_fw-la regis_fw-la vel_fw-la ipsius_fw-la aegritudo_fw-la vel_fw-la tempestas_fw-la vel_fw-la competens_fw-la aliquod_fw-la amplius_fw-la respectet_fw-la the_o statute_n of_o 13._o marlebridge_n cap._n 12._o sound_v to_o this_o purpose_n in_o assisis_fw-la autem_fw-la ultimae_fw-la praesentationis_fw-la &_o in_fw-la placito_fw-la quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la de_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la vacantibus_fw-la dentur_fw-la dies_fw-la de_fw-la quindena_fw-la in_o quindenam_fw-la vel_fw-la de_fw-la tribus_fw-la septimanis_fw-la in_o tres_fw-la septimanas_fw-la prout_fw-la locus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la propinquus_fw-la vel_fw-la remotus_fw-la and_o again_o cap._n 26._o sed_fw-la si_fw-la vocatus_fw-la etc._n etc._n ad_fw-la warrantum_fw-la coram_fw-la justiciar_fw-la itinerantibus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la infra_fw-la comitatum_fw-la tunc_fw-la injungatur_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la quod_fw-la ipsum_fw-la infra_fw-la tertium_fw-la diem_fw-la vel_fw-la quartum_fw-la secundum_fw-la locorum_fw-la distantiam_fw-la faciat_fw-la venire_fw-la sicut_fw-la in_o itinere_fw-la justiciar_fw-la fieri_fw-la consuevit_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la extra_fw-la comitatum_fw-la maneat_fw-la tunc_fw-la rationabilem_fw-la habeat_fw-la summonitionem_fw-la 15._o dierum_fw-la ad_fw-la minus_fw-la secundum_fw-la discretionem_fw-la justiciar_fw-la &_o legem_fw-la communem_fw-la there_o be_v also_o another_o use_n of_o return_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o reform_a custumary_n of_o normandy_n artic._n the_o 10_o the_o some_o of_o they_o belong_v to_o plea_n of_o good_n and_o chattel_n which_o we_o call_v personal_a action_n as_o those_o of_o octab._n some_o to_o plea_n of_o land_n and_o real_a action_n as_o those_o of_o quindena_fw-la plea_n of_o good_n and_o chattel_n be_v hold_v from_o octabis_n to_o octabis_n plea_n of_o land_n no_o soon_o than_o from_o quindena_fw-la to_o quindena_fw-la nul_fw-fr n'est_fw-fr tenu_fw-fr de_fw-fr respondere_fw-la de_fw-fr son_fw-fr heretage_fw-fr en_fw-fr moindre_fw-fr tems_fw-fr que_fw-fr de_fw-fr quinzaine_n in_o quinzaine_n the_o more_o solemn_a action_n have_v the_o more_o solemn_a return_v as_o we_o see_v by_o the_o iii_o stat._n of_o die_v commune_v in_o banco_n which_o i_o leave_v to_o my_o master_n of_o the_o law_n i_o will_v not_o speak_v of_o the_o return_v particular_o more_o than_o that_o octab._n be_v sometime_o reckon_v by_o seven_o day_n sometime_o by_o eight_o by_o seven_o day_n exclude_v the_o feast_n from_o which_o it_o be_v count_v by_o eight_o include_v it_o and_o the_o word_n be_v borrow_v from_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o church_n where_o the_o seven_o day_n follow_v easter_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v ferial-day_n as_o we_o have_v show_v before_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o seven_o day_n azymorum_fw-la follow_v the_o passover_n in_o 6._o the_o levitical_a law_n but_o in_o this_o manner_n octab._n trinitatis_fw-la always_o include_v nine_o day_n reckon_v trinity-sunday_n for_o one_o by_o reason_n the_o just_a octabis_n fall_v on_o the_o sunday_n follow_v which_o be_v no_o day_n in_o court_n put_v off_o the_o return_n till_o the_o next_o day_n after_o make_v monday_n always_o take_v for_o the_o octab._n unless_o you_o will_v count_v these_o two_o day_n for_o no_o more_o than_o one_o as_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr anno_fw-la bissextili_fw-la in_o the_o like_a case_n have_v ordain_v the_o superfluous_a day_n in_o the_o leap-year_n call_v intercalaris_fw-la and_o the_o day_n go_v next_o before_o to_o be_v account_v but_o one_o day_n it_o be_v here_o to_o be_v note_v that_o although_o the_o sunday_n and_o grand-day_n be_v no_o day_n in_o court_n yet_o they_o be_v number_v among_o the_o day_n of_o return_v according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n 133._o feriae_fw-la autem_fw-la sive_fw-la repentinae_fw-la sive_fw-la solennes_n sint_fw-la dilationum_fw-la temporibus_fw-la non_fw-la excipiantur_fw-la sed_fw-la his_fw-la quoque_fw-la connumerentur_fw-la chap._n vii_o of_o the_o quarta_fw-la dies_fw-la post_fw-la touch_v the_o quarta_fw-la dies_fw-la post_fw-la allow_v to_o the_o defendant_n for_o his_o appearance_n after_o the_o day_n of_o return_n it_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o ancient_a saxon_a salic_a french_a and_o german_a law_n where_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v per_fw-la triduum_fw-la seu_fw-la amplius_fw-la adversarium_fw-la expectare_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la occasum_fw-la solis_fw-la which_o they_o call_v sol_n satire_n as_o appear_v abundant_o in_o their_o law_n and_o in_o the_o formular_a of_o marculfus_n and_o bignonius_n note_n upon_o the_o same_o to_o 531._o which_o also_o may_v be_v add_v that_o which_o occur_v in_o gratian_n cap._n biduum_fw-la vel_fw-la 6._o triduum_fw-la but_o the_o original_n proceed_v from_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o german_n mention_v by_o tacitus_n 480._o illud_fw-la ex_fw-la libertate_fw-la vitium_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la simul_fw-la nec_fw-la jussi_fw-la conveniunt_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o alter_fw-la &_o tertius_fw-la dies_fw-la cunctatione_n coeuntium_fw-la absumitur_fw-la he_o say_v ex_fw-la libertate_fw-la because_o that_o to_o come_v at_o a_o peremptory_a time_n be_v a_o note_n of_o servitude_n which_o the_o german_n despise_v it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o king_n edw._n iii_o call_v a_o great_a council_n in_o the_o fifteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n wherein_o be_v assemble_v divers_a bishop_n and_o twenty_o two_o earl_n and_o abbot_n he_o appoint_v they_o by_o his_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o meet_v at_o london_n die_v mercurii_n proxime_fw-la post_fw-la festum_fw-la translationis_fw-la s._n thomae_fw-la martyris_fw-la proximo_fw-la futura_fw-la vel_fw-la saltem_fw-la infra_fw-la tres_fw-la dies_fw-la ex_fw-la tunc_fw-la immediate_a sequentes_fw-la ad_fw-la ultimam_fw-la the_o writ_n carry_v the_o form_n phrase_n and_o stile_n of_o a_o parliament-writ_a but_o in_o this_o point_n of_o triduum_fw-la post_fw-la differ_v from_o all_o other_o that_o i_o have_v see_v hear_v the_o writ_n itself_o rex_fw-la ven._n in_o christo_n r._n eadem_fw-la gratia_fw-la bathon_n &_o wellens_n episcopo_fw-la salutem_fw-la quia_fw-la super_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentibus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o statum_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la contigerit_fw-la vobiscum_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la praelat_fw-la ac_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la die_v mercurii_n proximo_fw-la post_fw-la festum_fw-la translationis_fw-la sancti_fw-la thomae_fw-la martyris_fw-la proxime_fw-la futuri_fw-la apud_fw-la london_n colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la &_o tractatum_fw-la vobis_fw-la in_o fide_fw-la &_o dilectione_n quibus_fw-la nobis_fw-la tenemini_fw-la mandamus_fw-la firmiter_fw-la injungentes_fw-la quod_fw-la quibuscunque_fw-la actionibus_fw-la cessantibus_fw-la dictis_fw-la die_fw-la &_o loco_fw-la vel_fw-la saltem_fw-la infra_fw-la tres_fw-la dies_fw-la ex_fw-la tunc_fw-la immediate_a sequent_a ad_fw-la ultimam_fw-la personaliter_fw-la intersitis_fw-la nobiscum_fw-la &_o cum_fw-la dictis_fw-la prelatis_fw-la &_o magnatibus_fw-la super_fw-la negotiis_fw-la praedictis_fw-la tractaturi_fw-la vestrumque_fw-la consilium_fw-la impensuri_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la sicut_fw-la nos_fw-la
conceive_v under_o your_o lorâ—sâ—â—â—_n favour_n any_o further_a verification_n and_o for_o the_o other_o such_o of_o the_o particularâ—_n aâ—_n be_v not_o include_v in_o the_o verdict_n there_o be_v in_o readiness_n those_o who_o will_v testify_v the_o â—ame_n and_o for_o the_o better_a expedition_n of_o the_o whole_a business_n if_o your_o 〈…〉_z all_o onâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d what_o be_v the_o special_a point_n in_o law_n to_o be_v insist_v upon_o i_o will_v 〈…〉_z â—ll_z 〈◊〉_d spâ—â—â—_n cause_n my_o council_n to_o be_v ready_a to_o attend_v you_o by_o who_o i_o desire_v to_o give_v your_o lordship_n satisfaction_n and_o so_o commend_v my_o love_n and_o service_n to_o your_o lordship_n and_o forbear_v to_o be_v further_a troublesome_a i_o rest_v your_o lordship_n very_a love_a friend_n g._n cant._n lambeth_n oct._n 13._o 1621._o a_o note_n of_o my_o lord_n keeper_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o letter_n to_o this_o letter_n we_o answer_v that_o we_o have_v no_o warrant_n to_o hear_v counsel_n noâ—_n can_v we_o in_o justice_n hear_v any_o unless_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o church_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n have_v their_o council_n likewise_o on_o the_o other_o side_n jo._n linc._n &_o c._n s._n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o other_o to_o who_o the_o consideration_n of_o archbishop_n abbot_n s_o case_n be_v refer_v in_o a_o letter_n to_o his_o majesty_n may_v â—t_a please_v your_o majesty_n whereas_o we_o receive_v a_o command_n from_o your_o majesty_n under_o your_o royal_a 〈◊〉_d to_o deliver_v our_o opinion_n unto_o your_o majesty_n whether_o a_o irregularity_n or_o 〈◊〉_d may_v arâ—se_v by_o this_o unfortunate_a act_n which_o god_n permit_v to_o come_v to_o pass_v by_o thusand_n of_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n the_o lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n â—â—ooting_v in_o a_o cross-bowe_n at_o a_o deer_n in_o bramsil-park_n as_o also_o of_o the_o cure_n and_o 〈…〉_z the_o same_o irregularity_n in_o case_n it_o shall_v be_v so_o adjudgd_v 〈◊〉_d do_v in_o all_o 〈…〉_z humility_n return_v this_o account_n unto_o your_o majesty_n 〈…〉_z the_o first_o 〈…〉_z be_v contract_v by_o this_o act_n in_o the_o person_n of_o my_o lord_n 〈…〉_z great_a part_n of_o our_o number_n can_v assent_v or_o agree_v because_o 〈…〉_z and_o 〈◊〉_d themselves_o be_v so_o general_a and_o so_o ready_a to_o entertain_v distinction_n and_o limitation_n the_o doctor_n and_o gloss_n so_o differ_v inference_n and_o dispute_n so_o peculiar_a to_o every_o man_n conceit_n and_o apprehension_n authority_n of_o canonist_n and_o casuist_n so_o opposite_a in_o this_o very_a case_n in_o hand_n that_o we_o can_v not_o return_v unto_o your_o majesty_n any_o unanimous_a resolution_n or_o opinion_n in_o the_o same_o for_o the_o second_o whether_o any_o scandal_n may_v arise_v out_o of_o this_o act_n we_o be_v of_o opinion_n a_o scandal_n may_v be_v take_v by_o the_o weak_a at_o home_n and_o the_o malicious_a abroad_o though_o most_o of_o we_o believe_v there_o be_v no_o scandal_n give_v by_o the_o say_v right_o reverend_a father_n for_o the_o three_o we_o be_v all_o agree_v not_o only_o that_o a_o restitution_n or_o dispensation_n may_v be_v grant_v by_o your_o majesty_n either_o immediate_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n or_o which_o most_o of_o we_o in_o all_o humility_n represent_v unto_o your_o majesty_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o some_o clergyman_n delegated_a by_o your_o majesty_n for_o that_o purpose_n or_o what_o other_o way_n your_o majesty_n shall_v be_v please_v to_o extend_v that_o favour_n but_o withal_o we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v most_o sit_v for_o the_o say_v reverend_a father_n both_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o person_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o church_n to_o sue_v unto_o your_o most_o gracious_a majesty_n for_o the_o say_a dispensation_n in_o majorem_fw-la cautelam_fw-la si_fw-la qua_fw-la forte_fw-fr sit_fw-la irregularitas_fw-la all_o which_o crave_v pardon_n for_o our_o weakness_n we_o do_v in_o all_o humbleness_n submit_v to_o the_o decision_n of_o your_o majesty_n most_o profound_a and_o incomparable_a wisdom_n jo._n linc._n elect_v c._n s._n geo._n london_n la._n winton_n jo._n roffens_n guil._n menevens_n elect_v valen._n exon._n elect_v henr._n hobart_n jo._n doddridge_n h._n marten_n nigh_o stywarde_a cir._n di_o 10._o nou._n 1621._o dispensatio_fw-la cum_fw-la georgio_n archiepiscopo_fw-la cantuariensi_fw-la super_fw-la irregularitate_fw-la reverendissimo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patri_fw-la georgio_n providentia_fw-la divina_fw-la cantuariensi_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la primati_fw-la &_o metropolitano_n johannes_n lincoln_n georgius_n london_n lancelotus_n winton_n samuel_n norwicens_fw-la thomas_n coven_n &_o lich._n arthurus_n bathon_n &_o wellen._n nicolaus_n eliensis_n &_o georgius_n cicestrensis_n permissione_n divina_fw-la respective_a episcopi_fw-la de_fw-fr provincia_n cantuar._n salutem_fw-la &_o gratiam_fw-la in_o domino_fw-la sempiternam_fw-la recipimus_fw-la literas_fw-la commissionale_n à _fw-la serenissimo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la principe_fw-la ac_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la domino_fw-la jacobo_n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la angliae_fw-la scotiae_fw-la francia_fw-la &_o hiberniae_fw-la rege_fw-la fidei_fw-la defensore_fw-la etc._n etc._n sub_fw-la magno_fw-la sigillo_fw-la angliae_fw-la confectas_fw-la &_o nobis_fw-la directas_fw-la quarum_fw-la tenor_n sequitur_fw-la in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la jacobus_n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la angliae_fw-la scotiae_fw-la francia_fw-la &_o hiberniae_fw-la rex_fw-la fidei_fw-la defensor_fw-la etc._n etc._n reverendo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patri_fw-la &_o perdilecto_fw-la &_o perquam_fw-la fideli_fw-la consiliario_fw-la nostro_fw-la johanni_n episcopo_fw-la lincoln_n custodi_fw-la magni_fw-la sigilli_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliae_fw-la ac_fw-la reverendo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patri_fw-la georgio_n episcopo_fw-la london_n ac_fw-la reverendo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patri_fw-la ac_fw-la perdilecto_fw-la &_o perquam_fw-la fideli_fw-la consiliario_fw-la nostro_fw-la lanceloto_fw-it episcopo_fw-la winton_n necnon_fw-la reverendis_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patribus_fw-la samueli_fw-la norwicen_n thomae_fw-la coven_n &_o lichen_n nicholas_n elien_n arthuro_n bathon_n &_o wellen._n &_o georgio_n cicestren_a respective_a episcopis_fw-la salutem_fw-la &_o gratiam_fw-la humili_fw-la nobis_fw-la supplicatione_n exposuit_fw-la reverendissimus_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la pater_fw-la perdilectus_fw-la &_o per_fw-la fidelis_fw-la consiliarius_fw-la noster_fw-la georgius_n cantuar._n archiepiscopus_fw-la quod_fw-la cum_fw-la nuper_fw-la in_o parco_fw-la quodam_fw-la vocato_fw-la bramzil-park_n apud_fw-la bramzil_n in_fw-la comitatu_fw-la nostro_fw-la southamton_n per_fw-la honorandum_fw-la virum_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la parci_fw-la dominum_fw-la rogatus_fw-la &_o invitatus_fw-la damam_fw-la sagitta_fw-la figere_fw-la destinaret_fw-la debita_fw-la adhibita_fw-la diligentia_fw-la ne_fw-la quid_fw-la inde_fw-la periculi_fw-la cviquam_fw-la eveniret_fw-la forte_fw-fr tamen_fw-la accidit_fw-la ut_fw-la sagitta_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la emissa_fw-la &_o in_fw-la feram_fw-la directa_fw-la in_fw-la quendam_fw-la petrum_fw-la hawkins_n adhunc_fw-la parci_fw-la praedicti_fw-la custodem_fw-la improvide_v &_o temere_fw-la se_fw-la periculo_fw-la ictus_fw-la sagittae_fw-la exponentem_fw-la &_o per_fw-la locum_fw-la ubi_fw-la a_o praefato_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la conspici_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la cum_fw-la impâ—tu_fw-la transcurrentem_fw-la incideret_fw-la eique_fw-la brachiam_fw-la sauciaret_fw-la ex_fw-la quo_fw-la quidem_fw-la vulnâ—re_fw-la â—ra_fw-la unius_fw-la horae_fw-la spacium_fw-la expirabaâ—_n &_o quamvis_fw-la propter_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la homicidium_fw-la casuale_fw-la nulla_fw-la praefati_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la culpa_fw-la sed_fw-la ipsius_fw-la occisi_fw-la temeritate_fw-la contigâ—ns_fw-la idem_fw-la reverendissimus_fw-la pater_fw-la bona_fw-la fretus_fw-la conscientia_fw-la se_fw-la nullam_fw-la omnino_fw-la irregularitatem_fw-la incurrisse_fw-la persuasissimum_fw-la habeat_fw-la provida_fw-la tamen_fw-la animi_fw-la circumspecâ—ione_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la infirmorum_fw-la mentibus_fw-la scrupulus_fw-la eximatur_fw-la secum_fw-la a_o nobis_fw-la super_fw-la omni_fw-la &_o omnimoda_fw-la irregularitate_fw-la &_o irregularitatis_fw-la nota_fw-la aut_fw-la suspicion_n si_fw-la quam_fw-la praemissorum_fw-la ratione_fw-la contraxisse_fw-la forsitan_fw-la aliquibus_fw-la videri_fw-la possit_fw-la ad_fw-la cautelam_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la superabundanti_fw-la dispensari_fw-la humiliter_fw-la supplicavit_n sciatis_fw-la igitur_fw-la quod_fw-la nos_fw-la petitionis_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la vim_o &_o â—fficaciam_fw-la regâ—o_fw-la animo_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la affectu_fw-la ponderantes_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr veritate_fw-la praemissorum_fw-la solicita_fw-la indagatione_fw-la certiores_fw-la facti_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la piam_fw-la reverendissimi_fw-la patris_fw-la intentionâ—m_fw-la â—ac_fw-la in_o re_fw-mi sâ—quamur_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la abundatiorem_fw-la cautelam_fw-la persidelis_fw-la consiliarii_fw-la nostri_fw-la 〈◊〉_d â—ue_v de_fw-fr eâ—clâ—siâ—_n &_o republica_n mâ—râ—â—i_fw-la praeâ—ulis_fw-la statum_fw-la famam_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la nostri_fw-la etiam_fw-la patrocinii_fw-la minime_fw-la teneri_fw-la &_o firmare_fw-la dignoscamur_fw-la ad_fw-la praesentem_fw-la venimus_fw-la dispositionem_fw-la vobisque_fw-la vel_fw-la aliquibus_fw-la sex_n vestrum_fw-la quorum_fw-la vos_fw-la praefat_fw-la johannem_fw-la lincoln_n georgium_n london_n lancelotum_fw-la winton_n &_o samuelem_n norwicen_n respective_a episcopos_fw-la quatuor_fw-la esse_fw-la volumus_fw-la de_fw-la quorum_fw-la etiam_fw-la side_n judicio_fw-la &_o industria_fw-la plurimum_fw-la confidimus_fw-la mandamus_fw-la &_o de_fw-la gratia_fw-la nostra_fw-la speciali_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la auctoritate_fw-la nostra_fw-la regius_fw-la suprema_fw-la &_o ecclesiastica_fw-la qua_fw-la fungimur_fw-la pro_fw-la nobis_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la &_o
for_o some_o portion_n also_o of_o their_o out-land_n these_o be_v after_o call_v feoda_fw-it rustica_fw-la beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o we_o socage-land_n and_o be_v hold_v at_o pleasure_n of_o their_o lord_n either_o by_o render_v part_n of_o the_o profit_n thereupon_o grow_v or_o rear_v as_o victual_n especial_o in_o saxon_a call_v feorm_n etc._n etc._n whereof_o see_v the_o rate_n in_o the_o law_n of_o king_n ina_n chap._n 70._o or_o by_o do_v some_o work_n of_o husbandry_n upon_o the_o lord_n inland_n now_o call_v his_o demean_n as_o tillage_n carriage_n harvest-work_n etc._n etc._n among_o all_o these_o diversity_n of_o service_n none_o come_v so_o near_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o feud_n and_o tenor_n as_o the_o beneficiary_n do_v let_v we_o therefore_o consider_v they_o the_o more_o serious_o by_o that_o notable_a pattern_n of_o they_o leave_v unto_o we_o from_o bishop_n oswald_n who_o divide_v much_o of_o the_o land_n of_o his_o church_n of_o worcester_n into_o those_o kind_n of_o portion_n which_o after_o the_o feodal_n word_n then_o in_o use_n he_o call_v beneficia_fw-la grant_v the_o same_o unto_o his_o thanes_z and_o follower_n not_o by_o the_o name_n of_o his_o milites_fw-la or_o tenentes_fw-la but_o of_o his_o fidos_fw-la subditos_fw-la for_o the_o term_n of_o three_o life_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n which_o they_o retain_v in_o those_o part_n even_o to_o this_o day_n and_o reserve_v to_o his_o church_n and_o successor_n not_o homagium_fw-la &_o sâ—rvitium_fw-la the_o material_a word_n in_o tenure_n to_o create_v knights-service_n in_o the_o feodal_n law_n but_o the_o service_n mention_v in_o his_o charter_n secundum_fw-la conventionem_fw-la cum_fw-la eye_n factam_fw-la &_o sponsionem_fw-la svam_fw-la as_o the_o very_a word_n be_v there_o express_o but_o hear_v the_o charter_n or_o rather_o epistle_n as_o he_o himself_o call_v it_o which_o the_o king_n confirm_v and_o a_o council_n the_o aranga_n or_o preamble_n of_o it_o be_v a_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n of_o king_n edgar_n bounty_n and_o goodness_n to_o he_o the_o bishop_n and_o his_o church_n the_o conclusion_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o those_o time_n a_o curse_n and_o heavy_a imprecation_n against_o all_o such_o as_o shall_v spoil_v or_o violate_v the_o same_o both_o which_o be_v long_o and_o nothing_o to_o our_o purpose_n i_o think_v convenient_a here_o to_o pretermit_v the_o rest_n be_v as_o follow_v under_o the_o title_n give_v it_o in_o the_o manuscript_n chap._n xxvi_o the_o charter_n whereby_o oswald_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n dispose_v divers_a land_n of_o his_o church_n after_o the_o feodal_n manner_n of_o that_o time_n entitle_v indiculum_fw-la libertatis_fw-la de_fw-la oswaldes-lawes-hundred_n domino_fw-la meo_fw-la charissimo_fw-la regi_fw-la anglorum_fw-la edgaro_n ego_fw-la oswaldus_n wigorniensis_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la episcopus_fw-la etc._n etc._n quare_fw-la quomodo_fw-la fidos_fw-la mihi_fw-la subditos_fw-la telluribus_fw-la quae_fw-la meae_fw-la traditae_fw-la sunt_fw-la potestati_fw-la per_fw-la spatium_fw-la temporis_fw-la trium_fw-la hominum_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la duorum_fw-la post_fw-la se_fw-la haeredum_fw-la condonarem_fw-la placuit_fw-la tam_fw-la mihi_fw-la quam_fw-la ipsis_fw-la fautoribus_fw-la &_o consiliariis_fw-la meis_fw-la cum_fw-la ipsius_fw-la domini_fw-la mei_fw-la regis_fw-la licentia_fw-la &_o attestatione_n ut_fw-la fratribus_fw-la meis_fw-la successoribus_fw-la scil_n episcopis_fw-la per_fw-la chirographi_fw-la cautionem_fw-la apertius_fw-la enuclearem_fw-la ut_fw-la sciant_fw-la quid_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_n extorquere_fw-la just_a debeant_fw-la secundum_fw-la conventionem_fw-la cum_fw-la eye_n factam_fw-la &_o sponsionem_fw-la svam_fw-la unde_fw-la &_o hanc_fw-la epistolam_fw-la ob_fw-la cautelae_fw-la causam_fw-la componere_fw-la studui_fw-la nequis_fw-la malignae_fw-la cupiditatis_fw-la instinctu_fw-la hoc_fw-la sequenti_fw-la tempore_fw-la mutare_fw-la volens_fw-la abjurare_fw-la a_o servitio_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la queat_fw-la haec_fw-la itaque_fw-la conventio_fw-la cum_fw-la eye_n facta_fw-la est_fw-la ipso_fw-la domino_fw-la meo_fw-la rege_fw-la annuente_fw-la &_o sua_fw-la attestatione_n munificentae_fw-la suae_fw-la largitatem_fw-la roborante_a &_o confirmante_fw-la omnibusque_fw-la ipsius_fw-la regiminis_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la &_o principibus_fw-la attestantibus_fw-la &_o consentientibus_fw-la hoc_fw-la pacto_fw-la eye_n terras_fw-la sanctae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la sub_fw-la i_o tenere_fw-la concessi_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la omnis_fw-la equitandi_fw-la lex_fw-la ab_fw-la eye_n impleatur_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la equites_fw-la pertinet_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la pleniter_fw-la persolvant_fw-la omne_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la jus_o ipsius_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la just_a competunt_fw-la scil_n ea_fw-la quae_fw-la anglice_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la ciricsceott_n &_o toll_n id_fw-la est_fw-la thelonium_fw-la &_o tacc_n id_fw-la est_fw-la swinseade_n &_o cetera_fw-la jura_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la nisi_fw-la episcopus_fw-la alicui_fw-la eorum_fw-la quid_fw-la pardonare_fw-la voluerit_fw-la seseque_fw-la quamdiu_fw-la ipsas_fw-la terras_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o mandatis_fw-la pontificis_fw-la humiliter_fw-la cum_fw-la omni_fw-la subjectione_n perseverare_fw-la etiam_fw-la jurejurando_fw-la affirment_fw-la super_fw-la haec_fw-la etiam_fw-la ad_fw-la omnis_fw-la industriae_fw-la episcopi_fw-la indigentiam_fw-la semet_fw-la ipsos_fw-la praesto_fw-la impendant_fw-la equos_fw-la praestent_fw-la ipsi_fw-la equitent_a &_o ad_fw-la totum_fw-la piramiticum_fw-la opus_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la calcis_fw-la atque_fw-la ad_fw-la pontis_fw-la aedificum_fw-la ultro_fw-la inveniantur_fw-la parati_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o venationis_fw-la sepem_fw-la domini_fw-la episcopi_fw-la ultronei_fw-la ad_fw-la aedificandum_fw-la repperiantur_fw-la suaque_fw-la quandocunque_fw-la domino_fw-la episcopo_fw-la libuerit_fw-la venabula_fw-la destinent_a venatum_fw-la insuper_fw-la ad_fw-la multas_fw-la alius_fw-la indigentiae_fw-la causas_fw-la quibus_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la domino_fw-la antistiti_fw-la saepe_fw-la furnisci_fw-la sive_fw-la ad_fw-la suum_fw-la servitium_fw-la sive_fw-la ad_fw-la regale_n explendum_fw-la semper_fw-la illius_fw-la archiductoris_fw-la dominatui_fw-la &_o voluntati_fw-la qui_fw-la episcopatui_fw-la praesidet_fw-la propter_fw-la beneficium_fw-la quod_fw-la illis_fw-la praestitum_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la omni_fw-la humilitate_fw-la &_o subjectione_n subditi_fw-la fiant_fw-la secundum_fw-la ipsius_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la &_o terrarum_fw-la quas_fw-la cuique_fw-la possidet_fw-la quantitatem_fw-la decurso_fw-la autem_fw-la praefati_fw-la temporis_fw-la curriculo_fw-la viz._n duorum_fw-la qui_fw-la post_fw-la eos_fw-la qui_fw-la eas_fw-la mode_n possident_fw-la haeredum_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la spatio_fw-la in_fw-la ipsius_fw-la antistitis_fw-la sit_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la quid_fw-la inde_fw-la velit_fw-la &_o quomodo_fw-la svi_fw-la velle_fw-la sit_fw-la inde_fw-la ita_fw-la stet_fw-la sive_fw-la ad_fw-la suum_fw-la opus_fw-la eas_fw-la retinere_fw-la si_fw-la sic_fw-la sibi_fw-la utile_fw-la judicaverit_fw-la sive_fw-la eas_fw-la alicui_fw-la diutius_fw-la praestare_fw-la si_fw-la sic_fw-la sibi_fw-la placuerit_fw-la velit_fw-la ita_fw-la duntaxat_fw-la ut_fw-la semper_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la servitia_fw-la pleniter_fw-la ut_fw-la praefati_fw-la sumus_fw-la inde_fw-la persolvantur_fw-la ast_n si_fw-la quid_fw-la praefatorum_fw-la delicti_fw-la praevaricantis_fw-la causa_fw-la defuerit_fw-la jurum_fw-la praevaricationis_fw-la delictum_fw-la secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la praesulis_fw-la jus_o est_fw-la emendet_fw-la aut_fw-la illo_fw-la quo_fw-la antea_fw-la potitus_fw-la est_fw-la dono_fw-la &_o terra_fw-la careat_fw-la siquis_fw-la vero_fw-la diabolo_fw-it instigante_fw-la etc._n etc._n charter_n the_o sum_n of_o all_o aforesaid_a be_v that_o the_o bishop_n tenant_n shall_v pay_v and_o do_v as_o follow_v first_o that_o they_o shall_v perform_v all_o duty_n that_o belong_v to_o horseman_n that_o they_o shall_v pay_v all_o thing_n that_o be_v due_a unto_o the_o church_n and_o perform_v all_o other_o right_n that_o belong_v to_o it_o that_o they_o shall_v swear_v to_o be_v in_o all_o humble_a subjection_n at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o bishop_n as_o long_o as_o they_o shall_v hold_v these_o land_n of_o he_o that_o as_o often_o as_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o bishop_n shall_v so_o require_v they_o shall_v present_v themselves_o to_o be_v ready_a for_o it_o and_o shall_v both_o furnish_v he_o with_o horse_n and_o ride_v themselves_o that_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n they_o shall_v be_v ready_a to_o perform_v all_o the_o work_n about_o the_o steeple_n of_o that_o church_n and_o for_o the_o build_n of_o castle_n and_o bridges_n that_o they_o shall_v ready_o help_v to_o fence_v in_o the_o bishop_n park_n and_o to_o furnish_v he_o with_o hunt_v weapon_n when_o he_o go_v a_o hunt_n that_o in_o many_o other_o case_n when_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o lord_n bishop_n shall_v require_v whether_o it_o be_v for_o his_o own_o service_n or_o for_o the_o king_n service_n they_o shall_v in_o all_o humbleness_n and_o subjection_n be_v obedient_a to_o the_o chief_a captain_n or_o leader_n of_o the_o bishopric_n for_o the_o grant_v benefit_n do_v unto_o they_o and_o the_o quantity_n of_o land_n which_o every_o one_o of_o they_o possess_v that_o after_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o three_o life_n the_o land_n shall_v return_v again_o to_o the_o bishopric_n that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o defect_n in_o perform_v the_o premise_n by_o reason_n that_o some_o shall_v vary_v or_o break_v the_o agreement_n the_o delinquent_n shall_v make_v satisfaction_n according_a to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bishop_n or_o shall_v forfeit_v the_o land_n which_o he_o have_v of_o his_o gift_n i_o suppose_v that_o this_o be_v the_o common_a manner_n of_o grant_n and_o reservation_n in_o those_o
surrey_n 23._o king_n edgar_n charter_n of_o donation_n of_o certain_a thaneland_n 19_o another_o charter_n grant_v by_o he_o to_o the_o monastery_n of_o hide_n near_o winchester_n 20._o by_o who_o advice_n his_o law_n be_v make_v 61._o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a how_o he_o propose_v his_o law_n 61._o the_o first_o that_o prohibit_v law_n business_n on_o festival_n 77._o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n charter_n of_o donation_n to_o thola_n 20._o several_a privilege_n grant_v to_o the_o cinque-port_n 26._o his_o law_n by_o who_o collect_v 61._o his_o constitution_n touch_v festival_n 79._o edward_z earl_n of_o norfolk_z and_o marshal_z of_o england_n 168._o die_v in_o his_o minority_n ibid._n edwin_n son_n of_o othulf_n give_v certain_a land_n to_o archbishop_n odo_n 29._o elfere_fw-la a_o saxon_a bequeath_v snodland_n to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n andrews_n 128._o publish_a his_o will_n before_o odo_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n etc._n etc._n 130._o elfstane_n bishop_n of_o rochester_n 130._o elfsy_n priest_n of_o croyden_n 130._o ellingham_n 161._o elmham_n 150._o erpingham_n 151._o erpingham_n tho._n commissioner_n for_o execute_v the_o office_n of_o earl_n marshal_n of_o england_n 169._o escheat_n the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n 37._o no_o feodal_a escheat_n among_o the_o saxon_n 37_o 38._o escuage_z what_o in_o the_o empire_n 36._o neither_o its_o name_n nor_o rule_n use_v by_o the_o saxon_n 37._o essoyn_v the_o manner_n of_o it_o not_o in_o use_n before_o the_o conquest_n 27._o king_n ethelbald_n charter_n to_o the_o monk_n of_o croyland_n 22._o ethelbert_n the_o first_o christian_a king_n of_o the_o saxon_n 8._o he_o cause_v his_o law_n to_o be_v put_v in_o writing_n ibid._n he_o take_v somewhat_o from_o the_o roman_a law_n 102_o etheldreda_n daughter_n of_o k._n alfred_n her_o dowry_n 8._o king_n etheldred_n ordain_v every_o eight_o hide_n of_o land_n to_o find_v a_o man_n for_o the_o naval_a expedition_n 17._o his_o charter_n of_o donation_n to_o aethelwold_n 19_o another_o charter_n grant_v by_o he_o to_o his_o thane_n sealwyne_n ibid._n king_n ethelstane_n who_o he_o consult_v in_o make_v his_o law_n 61._o king_n ethelwulf_v charter_n of_o privilege_n 23._o he_o divide_v his_o land_n by_o will_n among_o his_o three_o son_n 128._o euricus_fw-la king_n of_o the_o goth_n 102._o exauctoratio_fw-la militis_fw-la 185._o expeditio_fw-la what_o it_o signify_v in_o latin_n 17._o f_o fakenham_n 150._o fasti_fw-la or_o law_n day_n among_o the_o roman_n why_o so_o nam_fw-la d._n 72._o seldom_o two_o fasti_fw-la together_o 75._o fasti_fw-la proprie_fw-la ibid._n fasti_fw-la intercisi_fw-la ibid._n fasti_fw-la comitiales_n ibid._n all_o the_o fasti_fw-la not_o apply_v to_o judicature_n ibid._n fealty_n the_o definition_n of_o it_o 35._o no_o fealty_n but_o for_o a_o fee._n 36._o what_o manner_n of_o fealty_n among_o the_o saxon_n ibid._n felbrig_n 152._o felewell_n 161._o feodal_n word_n none_o among_o the_o saxon_n 7_o 8_o 9_o feorme_v what_o it_o signify_v in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n 15_o ferdwite_n 37._o festa_fw-la majora_fw-la vel_fw-la principalia_fw-la 91._o festival_n how_o exempt_v from_o law_n day_n 76._o the_o difference_n of_o they_o 91._o the_o festival_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o paul_n 92._o of_o st._n george_n 93._o of_o gunpowder_n treason_n ibid._n a_o feud_n what_o it_o be_v 1._o it_o be_v general_a and_o particular_a definition_n 2._o feud_n among_o the_o jew_n ibid._n among_o the_o gaul_n 3_o their_o original_n 4._o make_a perpetual_a and_o hereditary_a 5._o when_o and_o how_o they_o become_v so_o ibid._n especial_o in_o england_n ibid._n the_o difference_n between_o they_o and_o benefice_n 6_o 9_o the_o great_a growth_n of_o they_o ibid._n no_o proper_a feud_n before_o the_o conquest_n ibid._n feudal-law_n general_o receive_v in_o every_o kingdom_n 5._o it_o be_v youth_n infancy_n and_o full_a age_n 9_o where_o it_o have_v its_o original_n ibid._n feudatarii_fw-la 9_o feudum_fw-la militare_fw-la &_o nobile_fw-la 4._o rusticum_n &_o ignobile_fw-la ibid._n feuda_n majora_fw-la &_o regalia_z ibid._n the_o word_n feudum_n or_o feodum_fw-la not_o use_v in_o k._n beorredus_n day_n 9_o fideles_fw-la who_o 4._o fidelity_n what_o 59_o fine_n for_o licence_n of_o alienation_n 33._o the_o thaneland_n free_a from_o they_o ibid._n not_o in_o use_n among_o the_o saxon_n 34._o fitz-alan_n jo._n lord_n maltravers_n marshal_n of_o england_n 168._o fitz-osborn_n will._n lord_n marshal_n to_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n 165._o flegg_n 154._o flitcham_n 145._o flitchamburrough_n 52_o 145._o folcland_n what_o 12._o not_o alienate_v without_o licence_n 33_o 34._o free_a from_o homage_n 35._o ford-park_n 110._o forest_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n alone_o 118._o subject_n can_v have_v they_o only_o in_o custody_n ibid._n fouldage_n 162._o franc-almoin_a 2_o 7._o frank-tenement_n 12._o freeborgs_n or_o tithing_n 51._o frekenham_n 153._o g_o garbulsham_n 158._o gavelkind_n what_o and_o why_o so_o call_v 12._o observe_v throughout_o all_o kent_n 43._o at_o first_o the_o general_a law_n of_o all_o nation_n ibid._n german_n their_o custom_n and_o tenor_n carry_v into_o several_a country_n 5._o they_o receive_v the_o roman_a law_n 127._o gey-wood_n 143._o gilbert_n the_o three_o son_n of_o william_n the_o king_n marshal_n 166._o make_a marshal_n of_o england_n ibid._n kill_v in_o a_o tournament_n ibid._n gimmingham_n 152._o goth_n carry_v the_o german_a law_n into_o spain_n greece_n etc._n etc._n 5._o they_o be_v the_o first_o that_o put_v their_o law_n in_o writing_n 102._o trust_v priest_n with_o the_o pass_n of_o will_n 130_o government_n the_o ancient_a government_n of_o england_n 49._o etc._n etc._n 53._o grand-day_n in_o france_n and_o england_n 92._o grand_fw-fr serjeanty_n 2._o grantesmale_a hugh_n marshal_v under_o k._n william_n i._n 165._o greek_n from_o who_o they_o have_v much_o of_o their_o ancient_a rite_n 74_o 127._o gresham_n 152._o gressenhall_n 150._o grey_n rad._n de_o exauctoratur_fw-la 185._o guthrun_n the_o dane_n 61_o 77._o h_o hales_n 156._o harkela_n andr._n de_o exauctoratur_fw-la 185._o harleston_n ibid._n hartlebury-park_n 110._o hawkins_n pet_n keeper_n of_o bramsil-park_n wound_v by_o archbishop_n abbot_n 109_o etc._n etc._n hengham_n 157._o king_n henry_n i._o imprison_v the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n 62._o his_o constitution_n about_o festival_n and_o law-day_n 81._o king_n henry_n ii_o ratify_v the_o law_n of_o edw._n the_o confess_v and_o will._n the_o conqueror_n 81._o henry_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n convene_v k._n stephen_n to_o his_o synod_n 132._o heribannum_fw-la what_o 17._o heriot_n pay_v after_o the_o death_n of_o great_a men._n 31_o 32_o to_o who_o forgive_v 32._o the_o difference_n between_o they_o and_o relief_n 32_o 33._o by_o who_o and_o when_o first_o ordain_v 32._o what_o the_o word_n heriot_n signify_v ibid._n heriot_n and_o relief_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o same_o land_n 33._o no_o badge_n of_o land_n hold_v by_o knight-service_n ibid._n heydon_n 151._o high_a court_n see_v court_n of_o justice_n hikifricus_n pugil_n quidam_fw-la norfolciensis_fw-la 138._o hilary-term_n its_o ancient_a bound_n 82_o 83._o the_o end_n of_o it_o sometime_o hold_v in_o septuagesima_fw-la 95._o hockwold_n 161._o holkham_n 149._o holland_n tho_n marshal_v of_o england_n 168._o holland_n tho._n earl_n of_o kent_z duke_n of_o norfolk_n 169._o make_a earl_n marshal_n of_o england_n ibid._n holland_n tho._n farle_z marshal_z of_o england_n during_o the_o minority_n of_o john_n mowbray_n 165._o holme_n in_o norfolk_n 147_o 152_o homage_n by_o who_o first_o institute_v 5._o feodal_n homage_n 34._o of_o two_o sort_n ibid._n when_o begin_v in_o france_n and_o england_n ibid._n the_o reason_n of_o it_o 34_o 35._o who_o be_v to_o do_v it_o 35._o usual_a in_o soccage-tenure_n 35._o as_o well_o a_o personal_a as_o a_o praedial_a duty_n ibid._n homines_fw-la commendati_fw-la 35._o hominium_fw-la &_o homagium_fw-la what_o 34._o homagium_fw-la ligeum_fw-la ibid._n feodale_n aut_fw-la praediale_fw-la ibid._n hoveden_n roger_n when_o he_o write_v 31._o howard_n sir_n john_n kt._n create_a duke_n of_o norfolk_n and_o earl_n marshal_n of_o england_n 17â—_n slay_a in_o bosworth-field_n ibid._n howard_n tho._n the_o son_n of_o the_o former_a earl_n of_o surrey_n 170._o imprison_v in_o the_o tower_n ibid._n defeat_v the_o scotch_a under_o k._n henry_n vii_o ibid._n make_a lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n and_o restore_v to_o his_o father_n dignity_n ibid._n kill_v james_n iu._n k._n of_o scotland_n in_o battle_n ib._n send_v ambassador_n into_o france_n ibid._n make_a viceroy_n of_o england_n ibid._n where_o he_o die_v ibid._n howard_n tho._n the_o four_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n of_o that_o name_n and_o earl_n marshal_z of_o england_n 1â—1_n howard_n tho._n the_o grandson_n of_o the_o former_a earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o surrey_n ibid._n the_o first_o earl_n of_o england_n ibid._n make_a earl_n marshal_n for_o life_n ibid._n hugh_n bishop_n of_o coventry_n exercise_v the_o sheriff_n place_n 116._o excommunicate_v ibid._n de_fw-fr humâ—z_fw-fr
reliquiae_fw-la spelmannianae_fw-la the_o posthumous_n work_v of_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n kt._n relate_v to_o the_o law_n and_o antiquity_n of_o england_n publish_a from_o the_o original_a manuscript_n with_o the_o life_n of_o the_o author_n sine_fw-la dubio_fw-la domus_fw-la jurisconsulti_fw-la est_fw-la totius_fw-la oraculum_fw-la civitatis_fw-la cicero_n oxford_z print_v at_o the_o theater_n for_o awnsham_n and_o john_n churchill_n at_o the_o black-swan_n in_o pater-noster-row_n london_n 1698._o imprimatur_fw-la joh_n meare_n vicecan_a oxon_n jan._n 17._o 1698._o to_o the_o most_o reverend_a father_n in_o god_n thomas_n lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_z primate_n of_o all_o england_n and_o metropolitan_a and_o one_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n my_o lord_n i_o beg_v leave_v to_o lay_v before_o your_o grace_n these_o posthumous_n discourse_n of_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n promise_v they_o a_o favourable_a reception_n both_o for_o their_o own_o worth_n and_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o their_o author_n he_o be_v a_o person_n endow_v with_o those_o excellent_a quality_n which_o never_o fail_v to_o recommend_v other_o to_o your_o grace_n good_a opinion_n and_o esteem_n a_o gentleman_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o a_o hearty_a promoter_n and_o encourager_n of_o it_o in_o his_o temper_n calm_a and_o sedate_v and_o in_o his_o write_n grave_a and_o inoffensive_a a_o true_a lover_n of_o the_o establish_v church_n and_o a_o zealous_a maintainer_n of_o her_o right_n and_o privilege_n in_o which_o respect_n the_o clergy_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v more_o particular_o engage_v to_o he_o because_o be_v a_o layman_n and_o so_o not_o liable_a to_o the_o suspicion_n of_o prejudice_n or_o interest_n his_o reason_n carry_v in_o they_o a_o great_a weight_n and_o authority_n than_o if_o they_o have_v come_v from_o one_o of_o their_o own_o order_n i_o may_v add_v as_o some_o sort_n of_o excuse_n for_o this_o trouble_v that_o he_o have_v the_o honour_n to_o be_v particular_o respect_v by_o two_o of_o your_o grace_n predecessor_n and_o some_o of_o his_o posthumous_n work_v by_o a_o three_o archbishop_n abbot_n and_o his_o immediate_a successor_n be_v the_o chief_a encourager_n of_o the_o first_o volume_n of_o his_o council_n and_o after_o his_o death_n the_o second_o part_n of_o his_o glossary_n be_v publish_v by_o the_o procurement_n of_o archbishop_n sheldon_n so_o that_o these_o paper_n have_v a_o kind_n of_o hereditary_a right_n to_o your_o grace_n protection_n all_o the_o share_n that_o i_o have_v in_o this_o work_n be_v the_o handing_z it_o into_o the_o world_n and_o to_o make_v the_o first_o present_n to_o your_o grace_n will_v be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o decent_a regard_n to_o the_o eminence_n of_o your_o station_n though_o i_o have_v no_o particular_a obligation_n to_o do_v it_o but_o in_o my_o circumstance_n i_o shall_v think_v myself_o very_o ungrateful_a if_o enjoy_v so_o much_o happiness_n under_o your_o grace_n patronage_n i_o shall_v omit_v any_o opportunity_n of_o express_v my_o thankfulness_n for_o it_o especial_o since_o such_o small_a acknowledgement_n as_o this_o be_v the_o only_o return_v that_o i_o can_v ever_o hope_v to_o make_v for_o the_o encouragement_n which_o you_o daily_o afford_v to_o your_o grace_n most_o oblige_v and_o most_o dutiful_a servant_n edmund_z gibson_n the_o preface_n i_o shall_v not_o make_v any_o apology_n for_o the_o publication_n of_o these_o treatise_n they_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v very_o useful_a towards_o a_o right_a understanding_n of_o the_o law_n and_o antiquity_n of_o england_n and_o i_o hope_v they_o will_v appear_v so_o to_o other_o too_o nor_o need_v i_o endeavour_v to_o recommend_v they_o to_o the_o world_n any_o otherwise_o than_o by_o show_v they_o to_o be_v the_o genuine_a labour_n of_o sir_n h._n spelman_n who_o learning_n accuracy_n and_o integrity_n be_v sufficient_o know_v the_o first_o of_o they_o concern_v feud_n and_o tenor_n in_o england_n be_v write_v in_o the_o year_n 1639._o and_o be_v print_v from_o a_o fair_a copy_n in_o the_o bodleian_n library_n correct_v with_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n own_o hand_n the_o occasion_n of_o write_v it_o be_v the_o great_a case_n of_o defective_a title_n in_o ireland_n as_o may_v be_v gather_v in_o some_o measure_n from_o the_o hint_n that_o our_o author_n have_v give_v we_o but_o be_v much_o more_o evident_a from_o the_o case_n itself_o print_v afterward_o by_o order_n of_o thomas_n viscount_n wentworth_n the_o then_o lord_n deputie_n the_o ground_n thereof_o with_o the_o plead_n and_o resolution_n so_o far_o as_o they_o concern_v the_o original_a of_o tenor_n be_v in_o short_a thus_o the_o several_a manor_n and_o estate_n within_o the_o county_n of_o roscomon_n sligo_n mayo_n and_o gallway_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n be_v unsettl_n d_o as_o to_o their_o title_n king_n james_n i._o by_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o 2d_o day_n of_o march_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v authorise_v certain_a commissioner_n by_o letter_n patent_n to_o make_v grant_n of_o the_o say_a land_n and_o manor_n to_o the_o respective_a owner_n whereupon_o several_a letter_n patent_n to_o that_o effect_n pass_v under_o his_o majesty_n great_a seal_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n for_o the_o strengthen_n of_o title_n that_o may_v otherwise_o seem_v defective_a and_o afterward_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n i._o upon_o a_o enquirie_n into_o his_o majesty_n be_v title_n to_o the_o county_n of_o mayo_n there_o be_v a_o act_n of_o state_n publish_v command_v all_o those_o who_o hold_v any_o land_n in_o that_o county_n by_o letter_n patent_n from_o the_o crown_n to_o produce_v they_o or_o the_o enrollment_n thereof_o before_o the_o lord_n deputie_n and_o council_n by_o a_o certain_a day_n to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v be_v secure_v in_o the_o quiet_a possession_n of_o their_o estate_n in_o case_n the_o say_a letter_n be_v allow_v by_o that_o board_n to_o be_v good_a and_o effectual_a in_o law_n in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o order_n several_a letter_n patent_n be_v produce_v and_o particular_o the_o lord_n viscount_n dillon's_n which_o last_o upon_o the_o perusal_n and_o consideration_n thereof_o by_o his_o majesty_n be_v council_n be_v think_v to_o be_v void_a in_o law_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v order_v by_o the_o lord_n deputie_n and_o council_n that_o the_o doubt_n arise_v upon_o the_o letter_n patent_n shall_v be_v draw_v up_o into_o a_o case_n and_o that_o case_n to_o be_v open_o argue_v at_o the_o council-board_n the_o case_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o these_o word_n king_n james_n by_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o second_o day_n of_o march_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v authorise_v certain_a commissioner_n to_o grant_v the_o manor_n of_o dale_n by_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o this_o kingdom_n to_o a._n and_o his_o 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diligence_n of_o the_o german_n french_a italian_n and_o other_o nation_n in_o publish_v the_o history_n and_o decree_n of_o their_o respective_a synod_n whilst_o the_o english_a who_o have_v a_o great_a plenty_n of_o evidence_n both_o in_o ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a affair_n than_o any_o of_o their_o neighbour_n have_v never_o so_o much_o as_o attempt_v such_o a_o public_a service_n to_o their_o church_n upon_o that_o occasion_n the_o good_a bishop_n desire_v dr._n wren_n that_o for_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o religion_n he_o will_v think_v of_o such_o a_o undertake_n and_o lest_o it_o shall_v prove_v too_o tedious_a for_o any_o single_a hand_n that_o he_o will_v draw_v to_o his_o assistance_n a_o convenient_a number_n of_o man_n of_o sufficient_a learning_n and_o judgement_n for_o a_o work_n of_o that_o nature_n upon_o this_o request_n he_o promise_v to_o consider_v of_o it_o and_o have_v proceed_v but_o that_o the_o bishop_n excuse_v he_o 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1664._o but_o with_o abundance_n of_o fault_n occasion_v by_o the_o negligence_n either_o of_o the_o copier_n or_o corrector_n or_o both_o somner_n mr._n somner_n sensible_a of_o this_o take_v great_a pain_n in_o collect_v the_o print_a copy_n with_o many_o of_o the_o original_a record_n correct_v the_o error_n in_o the_o margin_n of_o his_o own_o book_n this_o be_v now_o in_o the_o library_n of_o the_o church_n of_o canterbury_n and_o will_v be_v a_o good_a help_n towards_o a_o more_o accurate_a edition_n 43._o as_o well_o as_o those_o collection_n of_o mr._n junius_n in_o the_o possession_n of_o mr._n jones_n of_o sunningwell_n the_o truth_n be_v we_o very_o much_o want_v a_o new_a edition_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o impression_n have_v be_v burn_v in_o the_o fire_n of_o london_n so_o that_o the_o book_n be_v hardly_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o and_o uncorrect_a as_o it_o be_v have_v ever_o since_o bore_v a_o immoderate_a price_n i_o know_v no_o work_n that_o will_v be_v a_o great_a service_n to_o our_o church_n than_o a_o entire_a history_n of_o all_o the_o council_n before_o the_o reformation_n for_o the_o account_n of_o they_o which_o we_o have_v already_o be_v far_o from_o be_v entire_a with_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o three_o volume_n to_o contain_v the_o public_a affair_n of_o our_o reform_a church_n it_o be_v probable_a that_o towards_o this_o last_o part_n some_o assistance_n may_v be_v have_v from_o that_o oxon_n manuscript_n of_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n entitle_v paper_n to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o a_o three_o volume_n of_o the_o council_n though_o i_o fear_v not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o title_n promise_v the_o great_a discovery_n of_o manuscript_n the_o many_o observation_n that_o have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o learned_a bishop_n of_o worcester_n and_o other_o upon_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o british_a and_o saxon_a church_n and_o the_o general_a approbation_n that_o the_o work_n must_v needs_o meet_v with_o be_v all_o of_o they_o very_o good_a encouragement_n to_o such_o a_o undertake_n next_o to_o his_o glossary_a and_o council_n we_o be_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o that_o part_n of_o his_o work_n wherein_o he_o assert_v a_o due_a veneration_n to_o person_n place_n and_o thing_n consecrate_v to_o the_o service_n of_o god_n 〈…〉_z the_o first_o that_o he_o publish_v of_o this_o kind_n be_v his_o note_a treatise_n de_fw-fr non_fw-fr temerandis_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la print_v at_o london_n in_o the_o 16â—3_n and_o afterward_o at_o other_o place_n it_o be_v write_v as_o the_o title_n inform_v we_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o a_o gentleman_n who_o have_v a_o appropriate_a parsonage_n employ_v the_o church_n to_o profane_a use_n and_o leave_v the_o parishioner_n uncertain_o provide_v of_o divine_a service_n in_o a_o parish_n there_o adjoin_v the_o two_o oxford_n edition_n come_v forth_o with_o a_o large_a preface_n by_o his_o
every_o 9_o eight_o hide_n or_o ploughland_n through_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n shall_v find_v a_o man_n with_o a_o crosset_n and_o helmet_n to_o the_o naval_a expedition_n and_o every_o three_o hundred_o and_o ten_o plough-land_n a_o ordinary_a ship_n for_o these_o purpose_n triremem_fw-la be_v the_o whole_a land_n former_o divide_v either_o by_o alfred_n the_o great_a or_o some_o other_o precedent_a king_n into_o 243600._o hide_n or_o plough-land_n and_o according_a to_o this_o division_n be_v the_o military_a and_o other_o charge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n impose_v and_o proportion_v without_o ever_o any_o mention_n of_o tenor_n in_o â—â—â—ite_n or_o by_o knight-service_n hence_o it_o rise_v that_o the_o saxon_a king_n in_o grant_v oâ—_n land_n liberty_n and_o privilege_n unto_o ecclesiastical_a person_n and_o other_o be_v usual_o so_o careful_a in_o reserve_v expedition_n burghbote_n and_o brigbote_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n wither_a ..._o ina_n 227._o aethelbald_n 256._o aethelwulph_n 349._o edgar_n 433._o etc._n etc._n in_o the_o britain_n council_n as_o also_o in_o the_o charter_n here_o follow_v and_o in_o a_o multitude_n of_o other_o elsewhere_o beside_o neither_o do_v this_o military_a expedition_n otherwise_o at_o that_o time_n bind_v the_o saxon_n to_o a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o knight-service_n than_o it_o do_v we_o at_o this_o day_n in_o the_o naval_a expedition_n late_o now_o revive_v 〈…〉_z for_o better_a manifestation_n that_o thanelands_n be_v subject_a to_o no_o feudal_a service_n consider_v i_o pray_v you_o the_o word_n of_o the_o saxon_a passage_n before_o mention_v where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o thane_n must_v have_v three_o hide_n at_o least_o of_o his_o agenes_n land_n i._n e._n of_o his_o own_o land_n not_o terrae_fw-la emphiteuticariae_fw-la or_o precariae_fw-la not_o usu-fructuariae_a or_o feodatariae_fw-la but_o as_o a_o latin_a copy_n have_v it_o terrae_fw-la suae_fw-la propriae_fw-la where_o the_o word_n propriae_fw-la carry_v another_o sense_n than_o be_v ordinary_o conceive_v as_o to_o signify_v in_o this_o place_n land_z wherein_o no_o other_o man_n have_v any_o interest_n by_o feodal_a superiority_n or_o dominion_n but_o whereof_o himself_o have_v meram_fw-la proprietatem_fw-la the_o sole_a and_o absolute_a propriety_n even_o the_o same_o alodium_n that_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o the_o report_n 29._o and_o which_o no_o man_n have_v or_o can_v have_v now_o at_o this_o day_n but_o the_o king_n land_n hold_v of_o no_o man_n in_o the_o feodal_a sense_n for_o the_o phrase_n of_o tenure_n be_v not_o then_o in_o use_n among_o the_o saxon_n nor_o tie_v any_o man_n to_o do_v any_o feodal_a service_n another_o old_a latin_n ms._n therefore_o recite_v the_o same_o saxon_a passage_n in_o these_o word_n si_fw-la villanus_fw-la so_o they_o at_o that_o time_n call_v a_o husbandman_n ita_fw-la crevisset_fw-la sua_fw-la probitate_fw-la quod_fw-la pleniter_fw-la haberet_fw-la quinque_fw-la hidas_fw-la de_fw-la svo_fw-la proprio_fw-la alodio_fw-la etc._n etc._n dignus_fw-la erat_fw-la honore_fw-la liberalitatis_fw-la quod_fw-la angli_fw-la dicunt_fw-la ðanescipes_fw-la surðe_fw-la si_fw-la autem_fw-la liberalis_fw-la homo_fw-la 1._o ðegen_fw-mi thanus_n ita_fw-la profecisset_fw-la ut_fw-la regi_fw-la servisset_fw-la &_o vice_fw-la sua_fw-la equitaret_fw-la in_o missatico_n regis_fw-la hic_fw-la talis_fw-la si_fw-la haberet_fw-la alium_fw-la thanum_n sub_fw-la se_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la expeditionem_fw-la regis_fw-la quinque_fw-la hidas_fw-la teneret_fw-la &_o in_o aula_n regis_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la servisset_fw-la etc._n etc._n here_o i_o must_v say_v with_o cujacius_n 166._o speak_v of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o second_o book_n of_o feud_n proprietatem_fw-la alias_o vocat_fw-la quod_fw-la hic_fw-la alodium_fw-la note_v thereby_o that_o proprietaâ—_n and_o alodium_n be_v synonima_n signify_v land_n free_a from_o all_o feodal_a service_n and_o hold_v of_o no_o body_n yet_o in_o that_o sense_n alodium_n be_v here_o say_v to_o be_v terra_fw-la ad_fw-la expeditionem_fw-la regis_fw-la land_n oblige_v to_o the_o warfare_n of_o the_o king_n i_o must_v note_v also_o by_o the_o way_n that_o he_o that_o thus_o translate_v the_o saxon_a passage_n by_o the_o word_n qui_fw-la ad_fw-la expeditionem_fw-la regis_fw-la quinque_fw-la hidas_fw-la teneret_fw-la follow_v the_o manner_n which_o before_o we_o speak_v of_o in_o render_v saxon_a custom_n by_o norman_a phrase_n the_o reader_n perhaps_o will_v here_o understand_v teneret_fw-la in_o the_o feodal_a sense_n for_o to_o hold_v of_o his_o lord_n whereas_o in_o the_o saxon_a book_n the_o word_n be_v no_o otherwise_o than_o give_v he_o heâ—de_v i._n e._n if_o he_o have_v five_o hide_n of_o land_n so_o that_o teneret_fw-la here_o be_v no_o otherwise_o to_o be_v take_v than_o for_o possideret_fw-la to_o return_v to_o our_o purpose_n thaneland_n may_v no_o doubt_n be_v tie_v to_o do_v military_a service_n or_o knight-service_n and_o yet_o not_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la or_o by_o knight-service_n for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o hold_v by_o knight-service_n and_o another_o to_o be_v tie_v to_o do_v it_o no_o man_n hold_v that_o have_v not_o tenementum_fw-la or_o tenementale_fw-la quiddam_fw-la but_o a_o man_n may_v be_v tie_v to_o do_v this_o military_a expedition_n for_o his_o personal_a estate_n though_o he_o have_v no_o land_n or_o for_o his_o very_a person_n itself_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n ina_n cap._n 52._o where_o it_o be_v say_v give_v se_fw-la siðcundman_n etc._n etc._n if_o the_o sithcundman_n have_v land_n forbear_v to_o go_v the_o expedition_n he_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o land_n and_o 120s._o and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o land_n yet_o he_o shall_v forfeit_v 60s._o and_o a_o husbandman_n who_o if_o he_o have_v land_n be_v but_o tenant_n in_o socage_n according_a to_o our_o law_n 30s._o it_o appear_v also_o by_o many_o charter_n of_o the_o saxon_a king_n that_o thane_n land_n be_v not_o feodal_n and_o that_o the_o military_a expedition_n mde_v no_o tenure_n by_o knight-service_n give_v i_o leave_v therefore_o to_o produce_v some_o of_o they_o that_o you_o may_v see_v thereby_o the_o use_n of_o those_o time_n and_o what_o the_o king_n themselves_o conceive_v therein_o chap._n ix_o charter_n of_o thaneland_n grant_v by_o saxon_a king_n not_o only_o without_o mention_n of_o tenure_n or_o feodal_n service_n but_o with_o all_o immunity_n except_o expedition_n etc._n etc._n eadwigus_n ego_fw-la eadwigh_n monarchiam_fw-la totius_fw-la britanniae_fw-la insulae_fw-la cum_fw-la superno_fw-la juvamine_fw-la obtinens_fw-la cuidam_fw-la meo_fw-la fideli_fw-la ministro_fw-la vocitato_n nomine_fw-la aelfwine_n dvas_fw-la mansas_fw-la &_o dimidiam_fw-la tribuo_fw-la perenniter_fw-la illic_fw-la ubi_fw-la antiquorum_fw-la hominum_fw-la relatu_fw-la nominatur_fw-la at_o schylfhinghatune_n habeat_fw-la quam_fw-la diu_fw-la vivat_fw-la &_o post_fw-la cui_fw-la voluerit_fw-la impertiat_fw-la cum_fw-la his_fw-la rebus_fw-la quae_fw-la sibi_fw-la rite_n pertinent_a tamburlaine_n in_o magnis_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o minimis_fw-la sit_fw-la haec_fw-la donatio_fw-la immunis_fw-la a_o servitute_fw-la mundana_fw-la excepto_fw-la illo_fw-la labour_v qui_fw-la communis_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la videtur_fw-la esse_fw-la not_o name_v expeditione_n etc._n etc._n but_o conclude_v si_fw-la quis_fw-la augeat_fw-la augeatur_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la minuat_fw-la careat_fw-la praemio_fw-la aeterno_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o here_o he_o be_v free_v a_o servitute_fw-la mundana_fw-la both_o great_a and_o small_a that_o be_v incident_a or_o inherent_a to_o the_o land_n by_o way_n of_o tenure_n and_o yet_o he_o be_v chargeable_a to_o military_a expedition_n and_o to_o the_o repair_n of_o bridge_n castle_n burrough_n and_o fortification_n but_o that_o not_o otherwise_o than_o as_o all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v charge_v as_o before_o we_o have_v show_v edgarus_n regnante_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la etc._n etc._n ego_fw-la eadgarus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la caeterarumque_fw-la gentium_fw-la in_o circuitu_fw-la persistentium_fw-la gubernator_fw-la &_o rector_n cuidam_fw-la fideli_fw-la meo_fw-la ministro_fw-la vocato_fw-la nomine_fw-la alur_n modicam_fw-la muniminis_fw-la mei_fw-la partem_fw-la terrae_fw-la i._n e._n in_o dorset_n &_o tres_fw-la perticas_fw-la in_o illo_fw-la loco_fw-la ubi_fw-la anglica_n appellatione_fw-la dicitur_fw-la at_o lonk_n ut_fw-la habeat_fw-la ac_fw-la possideat_fw-la quamdiu_fw-la vivat_fw-la &_o post_fw-la se_fw-la unum_fw-la haeredem_fw-la quicunque_fw-la sibi_fw-la placuerit_fw-la derelinquat_fw-la sit_fw-la hoc_fw-la praedictum_fw-la rus_fw-la liberum_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la malorum_fw-la obstaculo_fw-la cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ad_fw-la rus_fw-la rite_n pertinentibus_fw-la campis_fw-la pascuis_fw-la pratis_fw-la sylvis_fw-la excepto_fw-la communi_fw-la labour_v expeditione_n pontis_fw-la &_o arcis_fw-la constructione_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la vero_fw-la hominum_fw-la hanc_fw-la meam_fw-la donationem_fw-la cum_fw-la stultitiae_fw-la temeritate_fw-la jactando_fw-la infringere_fw-la tentaverit_fw-la sit_fw-la ipse_fw-la gravibus_fw-la per_fw-la colla_fw-la depressis_fw-la catenis_fw-la inter_fw-la flamivomes_fw-la tetrorum_fw-la doemonum_fw-la catervas_fw-la nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la ad_fw-la satisfactionem_fw-la emendare_fw-la voluerit_fw-la istis_fw-la terminis_fw-la haec_fw-la tellus_fw-la ambita_fw-la videtur_fw-la ðis_fw-la be_v þe_a landgemark_n at_o lonk_n etc._n etc._n haec_fw-la
under_o these_o name_v all_o the_o land_n that_o belong_v thereunto_o and_o those_o that_o dwell_v upon_o those_o mansas_fw-la etc._n etc._n they_o call_v not_o tenentes_fw-la holder_n as_o we_o do_v but_o manentes_fw-la as_o person_n abide_v there_o all_o the_o foresay_a word_n be_v of_o the_o middle-age-dialect_n not_o appropriate_v to_o the_o feodal_a language_n thaneland_n four_o in_o grant_v of_o feud_n and_o feud_n land_n the_o consideration_n be_v always_o for_o matter_n de_fw-fr futuro_fw-la as_o pro_fw-la homagio_fw-la &_o servitio_fw-la habendo_fw-la but_o here_o in_o grant_v these_o thaneland_n the_o consideration_n be_v for_o service_n past_a or_o present_a signify_v by_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o thane_n as_o fideli_fw-la ministro_fw-la meo_fw-la or_o pro_fw-la placabili_fw-la obsequio_fw-la not_o only_o without_o reservation_n of_o any_o future_a service_n but_o with_o express_a immunity_n from_o all_o service_n as_o to_o use_v the_o word_n of_o the_o charter_n themselves_o 1._o ut_fw-la sint_fw-la libera_fw-la vel_fw-la immunia_fw-la à _fw-la servitute_fw-la mundana_fw-la 2._o ab_fw-la omni_fw-la malorum_fw-la obstaculo_fw-la 3._o liberrima_n ab_fw-la omni_fw-la munduali_fw-la obstaculo_fw-la 4._o liberrimum_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la munduali_fw-la obstaculo_fw-la in_o magnis_fw-la &_o modicis_fw-la 5._o aeterna_fw-la libertate_fw-la jocundum_fw-la 6._o liberum_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la seculari_fw-la gravedine_fw-la such_o be_v the_o freedom_n of_o these_o thaneland_n equal_a and_o no_o less_o than_o that_o of_o the_o land_n give_v in_o franck-almoigne_a by_o king_n edgar_n in_o the_o last_o cite_v charter_n which_o be_v there_o say_v to_o be_v omni_fw-la terrenae_fw-la servitutis_fw-la jugo_fw-la liberae_fw-la imperpetuum_fw-la alienate_v five_o the_o feodal_n land_n may_v not_o be_v alien_v without_o licence_n but_o the_o thane_n by_o the_o very_a word_n of_o his_o original_a charter_n may_v grant_v they_o cuicunque_fw-la voluerit_fw-la will._n six_o a_o feodal_n tenant_n or_o tenant_n by_o knights-service_n as_o we_o call_v he_o can_v not_o devise_v his_o land_n by_o will_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o hen._n viii_o though_o it_o be_v with_o licence_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o of_o the_o king_n himself_o which_o law_n the_o german_n themselves_o do_v hold_v even_o unto_o this_o day_n and_o the_o dane_n can_v yet_o devise_v no_o land_n by_o will_n as_o i_o be_o inform_v but_o the_o thane_n may_v devise_v his_o thaneland_n to_o who_o he_o will_v as_o appear_v bâ—_n the_o word_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n in_o a_o charter_n to_o thola_n where_o he_o say_v possideat_fw-la hanc_fw-la meam_fw-la regiam_fw-la donaâ—â—onem_fw-la quamdiu_fw-la vivat_fw-la &_o post_fw-la obitum_fw-la suum_fw-la cuicunque_fw-la voluerit_fw-la haeredi_fw-la relinquat_fw-la exclude_v hereby_o all_o title_n of_o wardship_n and_o feodal_n duty_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n be_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o charter_n and_o therewith_o agree_v the_o privilege_n of_o a_o thane_n before_o mention_v thani_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la sit_fw-la dignus_fw-la rectitudine_fw-la testamenti_fw-la svi_fw-la as_o for_o that_o passage_n in_o the_o will_n of_o brictrick_n the_o saxon_a where_o he_o seek_v his_o lord_n be_v consent_v that_o his_o will_n may_v stand_v i_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o some_o â—oâ—â—land_n or_o custumary_a land_n which_o according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o that_o time_n he_o hold_v at_o the_o will_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o any_o thaneland_n for_o though_o this_o brictrick_n be_v a_o man_n of_o great_a possession_n yet_o be_v he_o none_o of_o the_o chief_a sort_n of_o thanâ—s_n call_v the_o king_n thanes_z but_z as_o appear_z by_o his_o will_n a_o under-thane_n belong_v to_o aelfric_n who_o be_v earl_n of_o mercia_n and_o how_o far_o the_o privilege_n of_o these_o under_o or_o lesser-thanes_a extend_v i_o can_v yet_o determine_v woman_n seven_o if_o thaneland_n be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o land_n hold_v by_o knight-service_n then_o by_o the_o feodal_n law_n of_o that_o time_n it_o can_v not_o transire_fw-la a_o lancea_fw-la ad_fw-la fusum_fw-la that_o be_v it_o may_v not_o be_v grant_v to_o woman_n for_o woman_n be_v not_o then_o nor_o long_o after_o capable_a of_o feodal_n land_n but_o the_o land_n here_o grant_v to_o thola_n be_v thaneland_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o very_a word_n of_o her_o charter_n for_o that_o it_o be_v grant_v in_o aeternam_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la perpetualiter_fw-la possidendam_fw-la which_o word_n make_v a_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n be_v only_o proper_a to_o thaneland_n otherwise_o call_v bocland_n not_o to_o folcland_n or_o popular_a land_n which_o be_v but_o at_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n express_v eight_o there_o can_v no_o tenure_n nor_o service_n lie_v upon_o the_o thaneland_n other_o than_o what_o be_v express_v in_o the_o charter_n for_o in_o the_o end_n of_o every_o of_o they_o there_o be_v a_o horrible_a curse_n which_o in_o those_o day_n be_v fearful_o respect_v lay_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o upon_o all_o those_o that_o shall_v violate_v the_o charter_n either_o by_o add_v other_o encumbrance_n or_o by_o diminish_v the_o grant_v immunity_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o there_o be_v any_o lurk_a tenure_n or_o matter_n of_o plus_fw-fr ultra_fw-la to_o impeach_v they_o the_o curse_n begin_v in_o every_o of_o the_o charter_n with_o these_o word_n si_fw-la quis_fw-la autem_fw-la etc._n etc._n 〈…〉_z nine_o and_o last_o touch_v expedition_n and_o repair_v of_o castle_n and_o bridge_n which_o the_o saxon_n call_v burghbote_n and_o brugbote_n though_o the_o two_o first_o of_o they_o be_v whole_o military_a and_o the_o last_o serve_v as_o well_o for_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o king_n army_n as_o for_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o his_o people_n yet_o be_v none_o of_o they_o either_o mark_n of_o tenure_n or_o of_o feodal_n service_n as_o appear_z by_o that_o we_o have_v former_o show_v and_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o these_o charter_n where_o to_o use_v the_o word_n of_o edw_n the_o confessor_n in_o that_o to_o thola_n it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o be_v omnibus_fw-la hominibus_fw-la communia_fw-la a_o common_a burden_n to_o all_o man_n as_o belong_v to_o the_o safety_n and_o sacred_a anchor_n both_o of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o commonwealth_n the_o saxon_n therefore_o do_v not_o call_v they_o service_n or_o feodal_n duty_n as_o thing_n that_o lay_v upon_o the_o person_n of_o the_o owner_n but_o landirecta_fw-la right_n that_o charge_v the_o very_a land_n whosoever_o do_v possess_v it_o church_n or_o lay_n man_n and_o these_o duty_n be_v ordinary_o except_v in_o every_o charter_n not_o for_o that_o they_o shall_v otherwise_o be_v extinguish_v but_o per_fw-la superabundantem_fw-la cautelam_fw-la lest_o the_o general_a word_n precedent_n shall_v be_v mistake_v to_o involve_v they_o and_o to_o release_v that_o which_o the_o king_n can_v not_o release_v for_o though_o ethelbald_a by_o his_o charter_n to_o the_o monk_n of_o croyland_n 852._o do_v give_v the_o site_n of_o that_o monastery_n with_o the_o appendancy_n etc._n etc._n libera_fw-la &_o soluta_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la onere_fw-la seculari_fw-la in_o perpetuam_fw-la elâ—emosynam_fw-la yet_o in_o his_o charter_n of_o privilege_n grant_v to_o all_o church_n and_o monastery_n of_o his_o kingdom_n speak_v of_o the_o repair_n of_o castle_n and_o bridge_n he_o confess_v and_o say_v that_o nulli_fw-la unquam_fw-la relaxari_fw-la possunt_fw-la and_o i_o suppose_v that_o the_o word_n expedition_n be_v here_o omit_v by_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o scribe_n for_o i_o never_o find_v it_o sever_v from_o repair_v of_o castle_n and_o bridge_n in_o any_o other_o charter_n and_o also_o though_o king_n ethelwulf_n by_o his_o memorable_a charter_n of_o privilege_n ratify_v by_o the_o great_a council_n of_o winchester_n in_o the_o year_n 855._o do_v by_o express_a word_n free_a sanctam_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la that_o be_v all_o the_o church_n and_o monastery_n of_o his_o kingdom_n ab_fw-la expeditione_n &_o pontis_fw-la extructione_fw-la &_o arcis_fw-la munitione_n al._n yet_o the_o whole_a clergy_n about_o the_o year_n 868._o do_v notwithstanding_o voluntary_o assist_v his_o son_n beorredus_n against_o the_o dane_n with_o all_o the_o power_n they_o can_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o same_o beorredus_n chap._n xi_o more_o touch_v the_o freedom_n of_o thaneland_n out_o of_o doomsday_n owner_n though_o that_o which_o be_v deliver_v in_o these_o charter_n be_v authentical_a and_o need_v no_o far_o proof_n yet_o to_o convince_v broad_a spread_a error_n the_o more_o manifest_o it_o will_v not_o be_v unnecessary_a to_o show_v what_o doomsday_n itself_o relate_v to_o confirm_v it_o for_o whereas_o land_n hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o by_o knights-service_n can_v not_o otherwise_o be_v dispose_v than_o by_o licence_n of_o the_o king_n or_o superior_a lord_n doomsday_n show_v that_o the_o thaneland_n may_v be_v use_v and_o dispose_v at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o owner_n without_o impeachment_n
every_o feodal_a lord_n and_o not_o begin_v in_o france_n till_o feud_n be_v there_o make_v hereditary_a by_o hugh_n capet_n nor_o in_o england_n till_o william_n the_o conqueror_n do_v the_o like_a as_o before_o appear_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v to_o preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o the_o tenure_n and_o of_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o tenant_n by_o make_v every_o new_a tenant_n at_o his_o entry_n to_o recognize_v the_o interest_n of_o his_o lord_n lest_o that_o the_o feud_n be_v now_o hereditary_a and_o new_a heir_n continual_o succeed_v into_o it_o they_o may_v by_o little_a and_o little_o forget_v their_o duty_n and_o substract_v the_o service_n deny_v at_o last_o the_o tenure_n itself_o we_o see_v at_o this_o day_n frequent_a example_n of_o it_o for_o by_o neglect_v of_o do_v homage_n and_o those_o service_n tenor_n usual_o be_v forget_v and_o so_o revolve_v to_o the_o king_n by_o ignoramus_n to_o the_o great_a evil_n of_o their_o posterity_n that_o neglect_v it_o homage_n but_o the_o saxon_n have_v only_o two_o kind_n of_o land_n bocland_n and_o folcland_n neither_o of_o they_o can_v be_v subject_a unto_o homage_n for_o the_o bocland_n which_o belong_v proper_o to_o their_o great_a thanes_z though_o it_o be_v hereditary_a yet_o be_v it_o alodium_fw-la and_o libera_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la seculari_fw-la gravedine_fw-la as_o before_o be_v show_v and_o thereby_o free_a from_o homage_n and_o the_o folcland_n be_v not_o otherwise_o grant_v by_o the_o king_n or_o his_o thanes_z than_o at_o will_n or_o for_o year_n or_o for_o life_n the_o tenant_n of_o it_o be_v not_o to_o do_v any_o homage_n for_o it_o for_o justice_n littleton_n 90._o bid_v we_o note_n that_o none_o shall_v do_v homage_n but_o such_o as_o have_v a_o estate_n in_o fee_n simple_a or_o fee_n tail_n etc._n etc._n for_o say_v he_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o law_n that_o he_o which_o have_v a_o estate_n but_o for_o term_n of_o life_n shall_v neither_o do_v homage_n nor_o take_v homage_n but_o admit_v the_o saxon_n have_v the_o ceremony_n of_o do_v homage_n among_o they_o yet_o be_v it_o not_o a_o certain_a mark_n of_o knights-service_n for_o it_o be_v usual_a also_o in_o socage-tenure_n and_o in_o elder_a age_n as_o well_o a_o personal_a duty_n as_o a_o praedial_a that_o be_v do_v to_o prince_n and_o great_a man_n either_o by_o compulsion_n for_o subjection_n or_o voluntary_a for_o their_o protection_n without_o receive_v any_o feud_n or_o other_o grant_n of_o land_n or_o benefit_n from_o they_o and_o he_o or_o they_o which_o in_o this_o manner_n put_v themselves_o into_o the_o homage_n of_o another_o for_o protection_n sake_n be_v then_o call_v homines_fw-la svi_fw-la and_o say_v commendare_fw-la se_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la ejus_fw-la or_o commendare_fw-la se_fw-la illi_fw-la and_o be_v thereupon_o sometime_o call_v homines_fw-la ejus_fw-la commendati_fw-la and_o sometime_o commendati_fw-la without_o homines_fw-la as_o in_o doomsday_n often_o spirawiâ—_n though_o we_o have_v lose_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o phrase_n yet_o we_o use_v it_o even_o to_o this_o day_n commend_v i_o unto_o such_o a_o man_n which_o import_v as_o much_o as_o our_o new_a compliment_n take_v up_o from_o beyond_o the_o sea_n let_v he_o know_v that_o i_o be_o his_o servant_n see_v the_o quotation_n here_o annex_v and_o note_n that_o though_o the_o saxon_n do_v as_o we_o at_o this_o day_n call_v their_o servant_n and_o follower_n homines_fw-la suos_fw-la their_o man_n yet_o we_o no_o where_o find_v the_o word_n tenure_n or_o the_o ceremony_n of_o homage_n among_o they_o nor_o any_o speech_n of_o do_v or_o of_o respiting_a homage_n chap._n xxi_o what_o manner_n of_o fealty_n among_o the_o saxon_n fealty_n so_o for_o fealty_n if_o we_o shall_v apply_v every_o oath_n swear_v by_o servant_n and_o vassal_n for_o fidelity_n to_o their_o lord_n to_o belong_v unto_o fealty_n we_o may_v bring_v it_o from_o that_o which_o abraham_n impose_v upon_o his_o servant_n put_v thy_o hand_n under_o my_o thigh_n and_o swear_v etc._n etc._n for_o the_o saxon_n abound_v with_o oath_n in_o this_o kind_n follow_v therein_o their_o ancestor_n the_o german_n who_o as_o tacitus_n 46._o say_v take_v praecipuum_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la a_o principal_a oath_n to_o defend_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o territory_n under_o who_o they_o live_v and_o to_o ascribe_v their_o own_o valour_n to_o his_o glory_n so_o likewise_o the_o homines_fw-la commendati_fw-la before_o mention_v yea_o the_o famuli_fw-la ministeriale_n and_o household_n servant_n of_o noble_a person_n be_v in_o ancient_a time_n and_o within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o father_n swear_v to_o be_v faithful_a to_o their_o lord_n fee_n these_o and_o such_o other_o be_v ancient_o the_o oath_n of_o fealty_n but_o illud_fw-la postremo_fw-la observandum_fw-la say_v bignonius_n a_o learned_a frenchman_n of_o the_o king_n be_v great_a council_n fidelitatem_fw-la hodie_fw-la quidem_fw-la feudi_fw-la causa_fw-la tantum_fw-la praestari_fw-la show_v far_o that_o fealty_n be_v first_o make_v to_o prince_n by_o the_o commendati_fw-la and_o fideles_fw-la without_o any_o feud_n give_v unto_o they_o and_o that_o the_o prince_n afterward_o do_v many_o time_n grant_v unto_o they_o feuda_fw-la vacantia_fw-la as_o to_o their_o servant_n but_o whether_o the_o oath_n of_o fealty_n be_v so_o bring_v in_o upon_o feodal_a tenant_n or_o be_v in_o use_n before_o he_o do_v not_o determine_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o hereby_o appear_v that_o fealty_n in_o those_o day_n be_v personal_a as_o well_o as_o feodal_n or_o praedial_a which_o impose_v a_o necessity_n upon_o they_o of_o the_o contrary_a part_n in_o the_o report_n that_o if_o they_o meet_v with_o fealty_n among_o the_o saxon_n they_o must_v show_v it_o to_o be_v feodal_n and_o not_o personal_a for_o otherwise_o it_o maintain_v not_o their_o assertion_n i_o will_v help_v they_o with_o a_o pattern_n of_o fealty_n in_o those_o time_n where_o oswald_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n grant_v the_o land_n of_o his_o bishopric_n to_o many_o and_o sundry_a person_n for_o three_o life_n reserve_v a_o multitude_n of_o service_n to_o be_v do_v by_o they_o and_o bind_v they_o to_o swear_v that_o as_o long_o as_o they_o hold_v those_o land_n they_o shall_v continue_v in_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o bishop_n with_o all_o subjection_n i_o take_v this_o to_o be_v a_o oath_n of_o fealty_n but_o we_o must_v consider_v whether_o it_o be_v personal_a or_o praedial_a if_o personal_a it_o nothing_o then_o concern_v tenor_n and_o consequent_o not_o our_o question_n if_o praedial_a then_o must_v it_o be_v inherent_a to_o the_o land_n which_o here_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v but_o to_o arise_v by_o way_n of_o contract_n and_o be_v praedial_a must_v either_o be_v feodal_n as_o for_o land_n hold_v by_o knight-service_n or_o colonical_a as_o for_o land_n in_o socage_n if_o we_o say_v it_o be_v feodal_n then_o must_v there_o be_v homage_n also_o as_o well_o as_o fealty_n for_o homage_n be_v inseparable_a from_o a_o feud_n by_o knight-service_n but_o the_o estate_n here_o grant_v by_o oswald_n be_v no_o great_a than_o for_o life_n the_o grantee_n must_v not_o as_o we_o have_v show_v either_o make_v or_o take_v homage_n and_o be_v last_o but_o colonical_a or_o in_o socage_n it_o be_v no_o fruit_n of_o a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o knight-service_n nor_o belong_v therefore_o to_o our_o question_n so_o that_o if_o fealty_n be_v find_v among_o the_o saxon_n yet_o can_v it_o not_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o fruit_n of_o knight-service_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o the_o report_n pretend_v it_o see_v fidelitas_fw-la in_o my_o glossary_n chap._n xxii_o no_o escuage_z among_o the_o saxon_n what_o in_o the_o empire_n 〈…〉_z the_o word_n scutagium_fw-la and_o that_o of_o escuage_z be_v of_o such_o novelty_n beyond_o the_o sea_n as_o i_o find_v it_o not_o among_o the_o feudist_n no_o not_o among_o the_o french_a or_o norman_n themselves_o much_o less_o among_o the_o saxon_n yet_o i_o meet_v with_o a_o ancient_a law_n in_o the_o novella_n of_o constantine_n porphyrogenita_n emperor_n of_o greece_n in_o the_o year_n 780._o that_o give_v a_o specimen_fw-la of_o it_o though_o not_o the_o name_n 7._o quaedam_fw-la esse_fw-la praedia_fw-la militaria_fw-la quibus_fw-la cohaereat_fw-la onus_fw-la militiae_fw-la ita_fw-la ut_fw-la possessorem_fw-la necesse_fw-la sit_fw-la se_fw-la ad_fw-la militiam_fw-la comparare_fw-la domino_fw-la indicante_fw-la delectum_fw-la vel_fw-la si_fw-la nolit_fw-la aut_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la se_fw-la ad_fw-la delectum_fw-la exhibere_fw-la certam_fw-la eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la fisco_fw-la dependere_fw-la quae_fw-la feudorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n this_o tell_v we_o that_o there_o be_v certain_a land_n to_o which_o the_o burden_n of_o warfare_n be_v so_o adherent_a that_o every_o owner_n of_o they_o be_v tie_v upon_o summons_n make_v by_o his_o lord_n to_o make_v his_o appearance_n therein_o or_o else_o to_o pay_v certain_a money_n by_o way_n
that_o none_o shall_v be_v put_v to_o further_a trouble_n unless_o the_o king_n be_v own_o necessity_n or_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n require_v it_o therefore_o the_o bishop_n earls_z sheriff_n heretoches_n or_o marshal_n of_o army_n trithingreves_n leidgreves_n lieutenant_n hundredors_n alderman_n magistrate_n reves_n baron_n vavasor_n thungreves_n and_o other_o lord_n of_o land_n must_v be_v all_o diligent_o attend_v at_o these_o assembly_n lest_o that_o the_o lewdness_n of_o offender_n the_o misdemeanour_n gravionum_n i_o of_o sheriff_n and_o the_o ordinary_a corruption_n of_o judge_n escape_v unpunished_a make_v a_o miserable_a spoil_n of_o the_o people_n first_o let_v the_o law_n of_o true_a christianity_n which_o we_o call_v the_o ecclesiastical_a be_v full_o execute_v with_o due_a satisfaction_n then_o let_v the_o plea_n concern_v the_o king_n be_v deal_v with_o and_o last_o those_o between_o party_n and_o party_n and_o whosoever_o the_o church-synod_n shall_v find_v at_o variance_n let_v they_o either_o make_v a_o accord_n between_o they_o in_o love_n or_o sequester_v they_o by_o their_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n etc._n etc._n whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n be_v at_o that_o time_n under_o the_o cognizance_n of_o this_o court_n but_o i_o take_v they_o to_o be_v such_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n as_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n make_v by_o the_o king_n themselves_o for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n for_o many_o such_o there_o be_v almost_o in_o every_o king_n time_n and_o not_o for_o matter_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o roman_a canon_n which_o haply_o be_v determinable_a only_o before_o the_o bishop_n and_o his_o minister_n to_o proceed_v before_o they_o enter_v into_o any_o cause_n as_o it_o be_v command_v in_o the_o law_n of_o canutus_n which_o we_o mention_v par_fw-fr 2._o ca._n 17._o the_o bishop_n to_o use_v the_o term_n of_o our_o time_n which_o from_o hence_o take_v the_o original_a give_v a_o solemn_a charge_n unto_o the_o people_n touch_v ecclesiastical_a matter_n open_v unto_o they_o the_o right_n and_o reverence_n of_o the_o church_n and_o their_o duty_n therein_o towards_o god_n and_o the_o king_n according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o divinity_n then_o the_o alderman_n in_o like_a manner_n relate_v unto_o they_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o their_o duty_n towards_o god_n the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n and_o tenure_n thereof_o of_o all_o which_o because_o i_o find_v a_o notable_a precedent_n in_o a_o synodal_n edict_n make_v by_o carolus_n calvus_n emperor_n and_o king_n of_o france_n in_o council_n carissiaco_fw-it an._n dom._n 856._o i_o will_v here_o add_v it_o not_o to_o show_v that_o our_o saxon_n take_v their_o form_n of_o government_n from_o the_o french_a but_o that_o both_o the_o french_a and_o they_o as_o brethren_n descend_v from_o one_o parent_n the_o german_a keep_v the_o right_n and_o law_n of_o their_o natural_a country_n episcopi_fw-la quinque_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la parochiis_fw-la &_o missi_fw-la in_o illorum_fw-la missaticis_fw-la comitesque_fw-la in_o eorum_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la pariter_fw-la placita_fw-la teneant_fw-la quo_fw-la omnes_fw-la reipub._n ministri_fw-la &_o vassi_n dominici_n omnesque_fw-la quicunque_fw-la vel_fw-la quorumcunque_fw-la homines_fw-la in_o iisdem_fw-la parochiis_fw-la &_o comitatibus_fw-la sine_fw-la ulla_fw-la personaram_fw-la acceptione_n &_o excusatione_n aut_fw-la dilatione_fw-la conveniant_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v the_o bishop_n in_o their_o parish_n or_o diocese_n and_o the_o justice_n itinerant_a or_o alderman_n in_o their_o circuit_n and_o the_o earl_n in_o their_o county_n shall_v hold_v their_o plea_n together_o whereunto_o all_o minister_n and_o officer_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n all_o the_o king_n baron_n and_o all_o other_o whatsoever_o they_o be_v or_o who_o tenant_n soever_o they_o be_v within_o the_o same_o parish_n or_o county_n without_o any_o respect_n of_o person_n excuse_n or_o delay_n shall_v assemble_v together_o and_o the_o bishop_n of_o that_o parish_n or_o diocese_n have_v brief_o note_v sentence_n touch_v the_o matter_n out_o of_o the_o evangelist_n apostle_n and_o prophet_n shall_v read_v they_o to_o the_o people_n and_o also_o the_o decree_n apostolic_a and_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n and_o in_o open_a and_o plain_a term_n shall_v instruct_v they_o all_o what_o manner_n and_o how_o great_a a_o sin_n it_o be_v to_o violate_v or_o spoil_v the_o church_n and_o what_o and_o how_o great_a penance_n and_o what_o merciless_a and_o severe_a punishment_n it_o require_v with_o other_o accustom_a necessary_a and_o profitable_a admonishment_n the_o alderman_n also_o or_o justice_n shall_v note_v down_o such_o sentence_n of_o law_n as_o they_o call_v to_o mind_n and_o shall_v publish_v unto_o they_o the_o constitution_n of_o we_o and_o our_o predecessor_n king_n and_o emperor_n gather_v together_o touch_v this_o matter_n and_o the_o bishop_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o god_n and_o the_o apostle_n and_o the_o alderman_n or_o justice_n and_o earl_n under_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o king_n law_n shall_v with_o all_o the_o care_n they_o can_v prohibit_v every_o man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n from_o make_v any_o prey_n or_o spoil_v of_o the_o church_n etc._n etc._n of_o parliament_n when_o state_n be_v depart_v from_o their_o original_a constitution_n and_o that_o original_a by_o tract_n of_o time_n wear_v out_o of_o memory_n the_o succeed_a age_n view_v what_o be_v pass_v by_o the_o present_a conceive_v the_o former_a to_o have_v be_v like_o to_o that_o they_o live_v in_o and_o frame_v thereupon_o erroneous_a proposition_n do_v likewise_o make_v thereon_o erroneous_a inference_n and_o conclusion_n i_o will_v not_o pry_v too_o bold_o into_o this_o ark_n of_o secret_n but_o have_v see_v more_o parliament_n miscarry_v yea_o suffer_v shipwreck_n within_o these_o sixteen_o year_n past_a than_o in_o many_o hundred_o heretofore_o i_o desire_v for_o my_o understanding_n sake_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o beginning_n and_o nature_n of_o parliament_n not_o meddle_v with_o they_o of_o our_o time_n which_o may_v displease_v both_o court_n and_o country_n but_o with_o those_o of_o old_a which_o now_o be_v like_o the_o siege_n of_o troy_n matter_n only_o of_o story_n and_o discourse_n because_o none_o shall_v go_v beyond_o i_o in_o this_o argument_n i_o will_v begin_v with_o the_o foundation_n of_o kingdom_n which_o of_o necessity_n must_v be_v more_o ancient_a than_o parliament_n for_o that_o a_o parliament_n be_v the_o grand_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n assemble_v at_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o king_n for_o advice_n in_o matter_n of_o state_n our_o first_o labour_n be_v then_o to_o see_v what_o this_o grand-council_n be_v original_o it_o be_v confess_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o the_o king_n be_v universal_a lord_n of_o his_o whole_a territory_n and_o that_o no_o man_n possess_v any_o part_n thereof_o but_o derive_v from_o he_o either_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o this_o derivation_n thus_o proceed_v the_o king_n in_o the_o beginning_n divide_v his_o whole_a territory_n into_o two_o part_n one_o to_o be_v manure_v by_o his_o own_o tenant_n and_o husbandman_n then_o call_v socman_n for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n use_v in_o those_o day_n to_o stock_n their_o ground_n themselves_o like_o the_o king_n of_o israel_n and_o by_o the_o profit_n thereof_o especial_o to_o maintain_v their_o hospitality_n their_o court_n and_o estate_n have_v in_o every_o manor_n officer_n and_o servant_n for_o that_o purpose_n this_o part_n be_v sacrum_n patrimonium_fw-la the_o inseparable_a inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n call_v in_o doomsday_n terra_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o in_o law_n the_o ancient_n demaine_n and_o because_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o husbandry_n of_o the_o king_n all_o that_o manure_v or_o hold_v any_o part_n of_o this_o land_n be_v say_v to_o be_v tenant_n in_o socage_n and_o may_v not_o be_v draw_v into_o the_o war_n of_o which_o nature_n as_o touch_v their_o tenure_n they_o continue_v at_o this_o day_n the_o other_o part_n of_o his_o whole_a territory_n he_o portion_v out_o to_o military_a man_n which_o though_o the_o other_o be_v the_o more_o profitable_a yet_o this_o be_v always_o hold_v for_o the_o more_o honourable_a and_o therefore_o so_o divide_v this_o among_o his_o noble_n and_o chief_a servant_n and_o follower_n for_o supportation_n in_o his_o war_n and_o royal_a estate_n to_o some_o in_o great_a measure_n to_o other_o in_o less_o according_a to_o their_o merit_n and_o quality_n province_n to_o duke_n county_n to_o earl_n castle_n and_o signiory_n unto_o baron_n render_v unto_o he_o not_o ex_fw-la pacto_fw-la vel_fw-la condicto_fw-la for_o that_o be_v but_o cautela_fw-la superabundans_fw-la but_o of_o common_a right_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n for_o so_o i_o may_v term_v the_o feodal-law_n then_o to_o be_v in_o our_o western_a orb_n all_o feodal_n duty_n and_o service_n due_a from_o the_o donee_n and_o their_o
on_o these_o day_n as_o by_o the_o same_o phrase_n in_o other_o law_n shall_v by_o and_o by_o appear_v which_o the_o gloss_n also_o upon_o this_o canon_n make_v manifest_a say_v in_o his_o etiam_fw-la diebus_fw-la causae_fw-la exerceri_fw-la non_fw-la debent_fw-la cite_v the_o other_o 1._o canon_n here_o next_o before_o recite_v but_o add_v withal_o that_o the_o court_n and_o custume_n of_o rome_n itself_o do_v not_o keep_v vacation_n from_o septuagesima_fw-la nor_o as_o it_o seem_v in_o some_o other_o of_o the_o day_n and_o this_o precedent_n we_o follow_v when_o septuagesima_fw-la and_o sexagesima_fw-la fall_n in_o the_o compass_n of_o hilary-term_n chap._n vi_o that_o our_o term_n take_v their_o original_a from_o the_o canon-law_n thus_o we_o leave_v the_o canon_n law_n and_o come_v home_o to_o our_o own_o country_n which_o out_o of_o these_o and_o such_o other_o foreign_a constitution_n for_o many_o more_o there_o be_v have_v frame_v our_o term_n not_o by_o choose_v any_o set_a portion_n of_o the_o year_n for_o they_o as_o polydore_n virgil_n and_o our_o chronicler_n ignorant_o suggest_v but_o by_o take_v up_o such_o time_n for_o that_o purpose_n as_o the_o church_n and_o common_a necessity_n for_o collect_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n leave_v undisposed_a of_o as_o in_o that_o which_o follow_v plain_o shall_v appear_v chap._n vii_o the_o constitution_n of_o our_o saxon_a king_n in_o this_o matter_n inas_n one_o of_o our_o ancient_a saxon_a king_n make_v a_o very_a strict_a law_n against_o work_v on_o sunday_n etc._n guthrun_n and_o 39_o alured_n institute_v many_o festival_n but_o the_o first_o that_o prohibit_v juridical_a proceed_n upon_o such_o day_n be_v edward_n the_o elder_a and_o guthrun_n the_o dane_n who_o in_o the_o league_n between_o they_o make_v about_o ten_o year_n before_o the_o council_n of_o erpford_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v we_o take_v not_o all_o our_o light_n from_o thence_o do_v thus_o ordain_v ordel_n &_o aþa_v syndon_v tocÆ¿edon_n freol_n dagum_fw-la &_o rihtfaesten_v dagum_fw-la etc._n etc._n we_o forbid_v that_o ordel_n and_o oath_n so_o they_o call_v law-tryal_n at_o that_o time_n be_v use_v upon_o festival_n and_o lawful_a fast_v day_n etc._n etc._n how_o far_o this_o law_n extend_v appear_v not_o particular_o no_o doubt_n to_o all_o festival_n and_o fasting-day_n then_o impose_v by_o the_o roman_a church_n and_o such_o other_o provincial_n as_o by_o our_o king_n and_o clergy_n be_v here_o institute_v those_o which_o by_o alured_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v festival_n be_v now_o by_o this_o law_n make_v also_o day_n of_o vacation_n from_o judicial_a trial_n yet_o seem_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o be_v but_o semi-festival_n as_o appoint_v only_o to_o freeman_n not_o to_o bondman_n for_o so_o his_o 39_o law_n declare_v viz._n the_o twelve_o day_n of_o christmas_n the_o day_n wherein_o christ_n overcome_v the_o devil_n the_o anniversary_n of_o st._n gregory_n the_o seven_o day_n afore_o easter_n and_o the_o seven_o day_n after_o the_o day_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o st._n paul_n and_o the_o whole_a week_n before_o st._n mary_n in_o harvest_n and_o the_o feast-day_n of_o all-saint_n but_o the_o four_o wednesday_n in_o the_o four_o ember_n week_n be_v remit_v to_o bondman_n to_o bestow_v their_o work_n in_o they_o as_o they_o think_v good_a eanham_n to_o come_v to_o that_o which_o be_v more_o perspicuous_a i_o find_v about_o 510._o sixty_o year_n after_o a_o canon_n in_o our_o 〈◊〉_d synod_n of_o eanham_n under_o king_n ethelred_n in_o these_o word_n first_o touch_v sunday_n 15._o dominicae_fw-la solempnia_fw-la diei_fw-la cum_fw-la summo_fw-la honore_fw-la magnopere_fw-la celebranda_fw-la sunt_fw-la nec_fw-la quicquam_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la operis_fw-la agatur_fw-la servilis_fw-la negotia_fw-la quoque_fw-la secularia_fw-la quaestionesque_fw-la publicae_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la deponantur_fw-la die_fw-la then_o command_v the_o feast-day_n of_o the_o b._n virgin_n and_o of_o all_o the_o apostle_n the_o 16._o fast_a of_o the_o ember_n day_n and_o of_o the_o 17._o friday_n in_o every_o week_n to_o be_v due_o keep_v it_o proceed_v thus_o 18._o judicium_fw-la quip_n quod_fw-la anglicè_fw-la ordeal_o dicitur_fw-la &_o juramenta_fw-la vulgaria_fw-la festivis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la &_o legitimis_fw-la jejuniis_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la adventu_fw-la domini_fw-la usque_fw-la post_fw-la octabas_fw-la epiphaniae_fw-la &_o à _fw-la septuagesima_fw-la usque_fw-la 15._o dies_fw-la post_fw-la pascha_fw-la minime_fw-la exerceantur_fw-la sed_fw-la sit_fw-la his_fw-la temporibus_fw-la summa_fw-la pax_fw-la &_o concordia_fw-la inter_fw-la christianos_n sicut_fw-la fieri_fw-la oportet_fw-la it_o be_v like_o there_o be_v some_o former_a constitution_n of_o our_o church_n to_o this_o purpose_n but_o either_o my_o eye_n have_v not_o light_a upon_o they_o or_o my_o memory_n have_v deceive_v i_o of_o they_o chap._n viii_o the_o constitution_n of_o canutus_n more_o particular_a canutus_n succeed_v short_o by_o his_o danish_a sword_n in_o our_o english_a kingdom_n not_o only_o retain_v but_o revive_v this_o former_a constitution_n add_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o zeal_n two_o new_a festival_n and_o vacation_n day_n 17._o and_o Æ¿e_a forheodað_n ordal_a &_o aða_v freol_n dagum_fw-la &_o ymbren_a dagum_fw-la &_o rite_n faesten_v dagum_fw-la &_o fram_a adventum_fw-la domini_fw-la oþ_n se_fw-la eahtoþa_fw-la dag_n again_o sy_a ofer_n tÆ¿elfta_fw-la daeg_fw-la etc._n etc._n we_o forbid_v ordal_n and_o oath_n on_o feast-day_n and_o ember-day_n and_o in_o lent_n and_o set_v fast_v day_n and_o from_o the_o advent_n of_o our_o lord_n till_o the_o eight_o day_n after_o the_o twelve_o be_v past_a and_o from_o septuagesima_fw-la till_o fifteen_o night_n after_o easter_n and_o the_o sage_n have_v ordain_v that_o st._n edward_n day_n shall_v be_v festival_n over_o all_o england_n on_o the_o fifteen_o of_o the_o kalend_n of_o april_n and_o st._n dunstan_n on_o the_o fourteen_o of_o the_o kalend_n of_o june_n and_o that_o all_o christian_n as_o right_o it_o be_v shall_v keep_v they_o hallow_v and_o in_o peace_n canutus_n follow_v the_o synod_n of_o eanham_n set_v down_o in_o the_o paragraph_n next_o before_o this_o recite_v which_o shall_v be_v festival_n and_o which_o fasting-day_n appoint_v both_o to_o be_v day_n of_o vacation_n among_o the_o fasting-day_n he_o name_v the_o saint_n eve_n and_o the_o friday_n but_o except_v the_o friday_n when_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v festival-day_n and_o those_o which_o come_v between_o easter_n and_o pentecost_n as_o also_o those_o between_o midwinter_n so_o they_o call_v the_o nativity_n of_o our_o lord_n and_o octabis_n epiphaniae_fw-la so_o that_o at_o this_o time_n some_o friday_n be_v law-day_n and_o some_o be_v not_o those_o in_o easter_n term_n with_o the_o eve_n of_o philip_n and_o jacob_n be_v and_o the_o rest_n be_v not_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o partiality_n as_o i_o take_v it_o be_v they_o fast_v not_o at_o christmas_n for_o joy_n of_o christ_n nativity_n nor_o between_o easter_n and_o whitsuntide_n for_o that_o christ_n continue_v upon_o the_o earth_n from_o his_o resurrection_n till_o his_o ascension_n and_o 19_o the_o child_n of_o the_o wedding_n may_v not_o fast_o so_o long_o as_o the_o bridegroom_n be_v with_o they_o nor_o till_o whitsuntide_n for_o joy_n of_o the_o come_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n chap._n ix_o the_o constitution_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n most_o material_a saint_n edward_n the_o confessor_n draw_v this_o constitution_n of_o canutus_n near_a to_o the_o course_n of_o our_o time_n as_o a_o law_n in_o these_o word_n 9_o ab_fw-la adventu_fw-la domini_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la octabas_fw-la epiphaniae_fw-la pax_fw-la dei_fw-la &_o sanctae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la per_fw-la omne_fw-la regnum_fw-la similiter_fw-la à _fw-la septuagesima_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la octabas_fw-la paschae_fw-la item_n ab_fw-la ascensione_n domini_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la octabas_fw-la pentecostes_fw-la item_n omnibus_fw-la diebus_fw-la quatuor_fw-la temporum_fw-la item_n omnibus_fw-la sabbatis_fw-la ab_fw-la hora_fw-la nona_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la die_fw-la sequenti_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la diem_fw-la lunae_fw-la item_n vigiliis_fw-la sanctae_fw-la mariae_fw-la sancti_fw-la michaelis_fw-la sancti_fw-la johannis_n baptistae_fw-la apostolorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la &_o sanctorum_fw-la quorum_fw-la solennitates_fw-la a_o sacerdotibus_fw-la dominicis_fw-la â—nnunciantur_fw-la diebus_fw-la &_o omnium_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la in_o kalendis_fw-la novembris_fw-la semper_fw-la ab_fw-la hora_fw-la nona_fw-la vigiliarum_fw-la &_o subsequenti_fw-la solennitate_fw-la item_n in_o parochiis_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la dedicationis_fw-la dies_fw-la observatur_fw-la item_n parochiis_fw-la ecclesiarum_fw-la ubi_fw-la propria_fw-la festivitas_fw-la sancti_fw-la celebratur_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o rubric_n of_o this_o law_n be_v de_fw-fr temporibus_fw-la &_o diebus_fw-la pacis_fw-la regis_fw-la intimate_v termtime_n and_o here_o in_o the_o text_n the_o vacation_n be_v call_v dies_fw-la pacis_fw-la dei_fw-la &_o sanctae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la as_o i_o 2._o say_v in_o he_o beginning_n but_o pax_fw-la dei_fw-la pax_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la &_o pax_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o other_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o elsewhere_o have_v other_o signification_n
though_o it_o rub_v upon_o the_o apple_n of_o their_o eye_n what_o i_o have_v say_v appear_v not_o only_o by_o bede_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 15._o but_o by_o their_o own_o historian_n bede_n have_v speak_v of_o their_o most_o miserable_a extirpation_n throughout_o the_o whole_a land_n say_v itaque_fw-la nonnulli_fw-la de_fw-la miserandis_fw-la reliquiis_fw-la ....._o and_o the_o chief_a monument_n of_o british_a antiquity_n write_v in_o the_o british_a tongue_n and_o bring_v about_o 500_o year_n since_o out_o of_o britannia_n armorica_n by_o walter_n archdeacon_n of_o oxenford_n and_o in_o those_o day_n translate_v into_o latin_a by_o monumethensis_fw-la do_v report_n that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o cadualladur_n the_o land_n be_v so_o afflict_v with_o discord_n sloth_n pestilence_n and_o famine_n that_o miserae_fw-la britannorum_fw-la reliquiae_fw-la patriam_fw-la factis_fw-la agminibus_fw-la diffugientes_fw-la transmarinas_fw-la petebant_fw-la regiones_fw-la cum_fw-la ululatu_fw-la magno_fw-la sub_fw-la velorum_fw-la funibus_fw-la hoc_fw-la modo_fw-la cantantes_fw-la dedisti_fw-la nos_fw-la tanquam_fw-la oves_fw-la escarum_fw-la in_fw-la gentibus_fw-la dispersisti_fw-la nos_fw-la etc._n etc._n ps_n 43._o 13._o and_o cadualladur_n himself_o there_o complain_v flee_v into_o armorica_n whence_o he_o never_o return_v incumbit_fw-la divinae_fw-la illius_fw-la ergo_fw-la potestatis_fw-la ultio_fw-la quae_fw-la nos_fw-la ex_fw-la natali_fw-la solo_fw-la extirpate_v quos_fw-la nec_fw-la olim_fw-la romani_fw-la nec_fw-la deinde_fw-la scotti_n vel_fw-la picti_n nec_fw-la versutae_fw-la proditiones_fw-la exterminare_fw-la quiverunt_fw-la and_o the_o author_n go_v on_o show_v that_o the_o land_n be_v so_o universal_o destitute_a of_o british_a inhabitant_n that_o the_o saxon_n which_o be_v already_o seat_v here_o inform_v their_o countryman_n beyond_o sea_n of_o these_o desolate_a territory_n invite_v they_o to_o come_v and_o possess_v they_o quod_fw-la cum_fw-la ipsis_fw-la indicatum_fw-la fuisset_fw-la say_v the_o author_n nefandus_fw-la populus_fw-la ille_fw-la collecta_fw-la innumerabili_fw-la multitudine_fw-la virorum_fw-la &_o mulierum_fw-la applicuit_fw-la in_o partibus_fw-la northanhumbriae_fw-la &_o desolatas_fw-la provincias_fw-la ab_fw-la albania_n i_o e._n scotia_n usque_fw-la ad_fw-la cornubiam_fw-la cornwall_n inhabitavit_fw-la non_fw-la enim_fw-la aderat_fw-la habitator_n qui_fw-la prohiberet_fw-la praeter_fw-la pauperculas_fw-la britonum_fw-la reliquias_fw-la quae_fw-la superfuerant_fw-la quae_fw-la infra_fw-la abdita_fw-la nemorum_fw-la in_o gualiis_n commanebant_fw-la ab_fw-la illo_fw-la tempore_fw-la potestas_fw-la britonum_fw-la in_o insula_fw-la cessavit_fw-la &_o angli_fw-la regnare_fw-la coeperunt_fw-la câ—eperunt_fw-la their_o history_n of_o cambria_n write_v also_o in_o their_o own_o welsh_a language_n about_o 250._o year_n since_o and_o translate_v into_o english_a by_o their_o countryman_n and_o great_a antiquary_n humf._n lhoyd_n do_v acknowledge_v that_o after_o cadwallader_n departure_n there_o remain_v none_o of_o his_o nation_n but_o certain_a poor_a britain_n that_o live_v by_o root_n in_o rock_n and_o wood_n and_o that_o the_o saxon_n angles_n and_o juthe_n that_o be_v to_o say_v goths_z be_v then_o call_v in_o by_o such_o of_o their_o countryman_n that_o be_v there_o before_o do_v come_v in_o great_a number_n and_o divide_v this_o land_n into_o divers_a territory_n and_o kingdom_n do_v inhabit_v all_o the_o city_n town_n castle_n and_o village_n which_o the_o britain_n have_v build_v rule_n and_o inhabit_v by_o the_o space_n of_o 1827._o year_n let_v the_o reader_n now_o judge_n whether_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o the_o scrupulous_a nation_n of_o the_o saxon_n either_o do_v or_o can_v by_o any_o probable_a mean_n take_v any_o law_n from_o the_o poor_a relic_n of_o the_o britain_n not_o when_o the_o roman_n conquer_v this_o land_n they_o neither_o remove_v the_o inhabitant_n nor_o bring_v any_o foreigner_n upon_o they_o other_o than_o to_o govern_v and_o keep_v they_o in_o obedience_n some_o legion_n of_o soldier_n and_o small_a colony_n yet_o that_o they_o make_v a_o alteration_n of_o their_o law_n we_o may_v see_v in_o the_o scripture_n by_o the_o example_n of_o judaea_n for_o though_o pompey_n obtain_v the_o kingdom_n there_o rather_o by_o the_o confederacy_n with_o hyrcanus_n than_o by_o right_a of_o conquest_n and_o therefore_o suffer_v they_o to_o enjoy_v their_o rite_n of_o religion_n with_o the_o liberty_n of_o most_o of_o their_o city_n yet_o it_o be_v reduce_v into_o a_o province_n as_o this_o of_o we_o be_v their_o law_n be_v so_o change_v as_o by_o their_o own_o confession_n john_n 18._o 31._o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o put_v any_o man_n to_o death_n therefore_o our_o saviour_n and_o the_o two_o thief_n be_v judge_v and_o suffer_v upon_o the_o cross_n after_o the_o roman_a manner_n not_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o jew_n for_o their_o law_n never_o inflict_v the_o cross_n upon_o any_o offender_n and_o the_o punishment_n of_o blasphemy_n wherewith_o they_o charge_v christ_n be_v ston_a in_o which_o course_n they_o once_o in_o a_o fury_n be_v about_o to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n joh._n 10._o 31._o and_o the_o punishment_n of_o theft_n a_o quadruple_a restitution_n or_o bondage_n in_o default_n thereof_o as_o for_o the_o ston_a of_o stephen_n it_o be_v not_o judicial_a but_o tumultuous_a a_o act_n of_o fury_n and_o against_o law_n in_o which_o course_n they_o mean_v also_o to_o have_v murder_v st._n paul_n have_v not_o lysias_n prevent_v they_o by_o send_v he_o to_o his_o legal_a trial_n caesar_n judgement_n seat_n wherein_o it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o even_o then_o offence_n commit_v about_o the_o very_a judicial_a law_n and_o religion_n itself_o be_v also_o under_o the_o cognizance_n of_o the_o roman_a judge_n for_o even_o that_o self_n same_o cause_n wherein_o paul_n stand_v accuse_v before_o festus_n as_o festus_n himself_o report_v it_o act_n 25._o 19_o be_v touch_v question_n of_o their_o own_o religion_n by_o this_o we_o may_v conceive_v how_o the_o roman_n deal_v with_o the_o britain_n touch_n their_o law_n and_o the_o story_n of_o st._n alhan_n and_o st._n amphibalus_fw-la somewhat_o show_v it_o where_o according_a to_o the_o roman_a manner_n st._n alban_n be_v convene_v before_o the_o roman_a judge_n by_o soldier_n not_o by_o civil_a officer_n and_o before_o his_o execution_n whip_v as_o pilate_n use_v our_o saviour_n and_o then_o deliver_v to_o the_o soldier_n to_o be_v behead_v bed_n lib._n 1._o ca._n 7._o britan_n but_o what_o law_n soever_o the_o roman_n use_v in_o britain_n the_o saxon_n doubtless_o sweep_v they_o all_o away_o with_o the_o british_a nation_n otherwise_o than_o that_o in_o compose_v law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o their_o people_n after_o they_o have_v receive_v christianity_n from_o the_o roman_a clergy_n they_o may_v perhaps_o by_o their_o advice_n take_v somewhat_o also_o from_o the_o roman_a law_n which_o beda_n seem_v to_o avouch_v lib._n 2._o ca._n 5._o speak_v of_o the_o act_n of_o ethelbert_n the_o first_o christian_n saxon_n king_n qui_fw-la inter_fw-la cetera_fw-la bona_fw-la quae_fw-la genti_fw-la suae_fw-la conferebat_fw-la etiam_fw-la decreta_fw-la illi_fw-la judiciorum_fw-la juxta_fw-la exempla_fw-la romanorum_fw-la cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la sapientum_fw-la constituit_fw-la what_o beda_n mean_v by_o the_o word_n juxta_fw-la exempla_fw-la romanorum_fw-la be_v not_o perspicuous_a as_o whether_o his_o meaning_n be_v that_o he_o make_v positive_a decree_n as_o the_o roman_n have_v do_v for_o the_o government_n of_o his_o people_n or_o that_o in_o make_v his_o decree_n he_o take_v the_o sum_n and_o manner_n of_o they_o from_o the_o roman_n this_o doubt_n we_o shall_v easy_o resolve_v by_o that_o which_o follow_v in_o bede_n himself_n quae_fw-la decreta_fw-la conscripta_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sermone_fw-la hactenus_fw-la habentur_fw-la &_o observantur_fw-la ab_fw-la ea_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la primitus_fw-la posuit_fw-la qualiter_fw-la id_fw-la emendare_fw-la deberet_fw-la qui_fw-la aliquid_fw-la rerum_fw-la vel_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la vel_fw-la episcopi_fw-la vel_fw-la reliquorum_fw-la ordinum_fw-la furto_fw-la auferret_fw-la volens_fw-la scil_n tuitionem_fw-la eye_n quos_fw-la &_o quorum_fw-la doctrinam_fw-la susceperat_fw-la praestare_fw-la and_o to_o say_v truth_n this_o that_o bede_n here_o do_v mention_n touch_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o clergy_n be_v the_o chief_a matter_n in_o they_o that_o he_o take_v from_o the_o roman_n as_o namely_o from_o their_o canon_n not_o from_o their_o civil_a law_n for_o the_o secular_a part_n of_o those_o his_o decree_n differ_v far_o from_o those_o of_o the_o roman_n as_o by_o the_o saxon_a copy_n of_o they_o which_o i_o myself_o have_v to_o show_v appear_v plain_o but_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n whatsoever_o in_o they_o savour_v of_o the_o roman_a law_n be_v it_o canon_n or_o civil_a it_o doubtless_o be_v insert_v by_o his_o roman_a clergy_n be_v then_o a_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o king_n council_n as_o the_o clergy_n be_v afterward_o in_o all_o age_n and_o of_o they_o chief_o i_o suppose_v that_o to_o be_v mean_v which_o bede_n mention_v cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la sapientum_fw-la constituit_fw-la we_o find_v among_o the_o saxon_n the_o example_n
the_o canon_n lead_v he_o no_o further_o be_v only_a de_fw-fr clerico_n de_fw-fr transgressione_n forestae_fw-la aut_fw-la parci_fw-la alicujus_fw-la diffamato_fw-la and_o make_v to_o no_o other_o intent_n than_o to_o aggravate_v the_o censure_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n which_o before_o be_v not_o sharp_a enough_o against_o offender_n in_o that_o kind_n but_o johannes_n de_fw-fr athon_n as_o great_a a_o canonist_n and_o somewhat_o elder_a who_o linwood_n often_o cit_v and_o rely_v upon_o as_o one_o well_o understand_v the_o ecclesiastical_a constitution_n and_o the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v apparent_o condemn_v it_o in_o the_o place_n by_o i_o recite_v yet_o be_v it_o to_o be_v note_v that_o neither_o athon_n nor_o linwood_n intend_v to_o gloss_n upon_o all_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n but_o athon_n only_o upon_o those_o of_o otho_n and_o othobon_n and_o linwood_n begin_v where_o athon_n leave_v upon_o those_o of_o stephen_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o his_o successor_n there_o be_v therefore_o a_o great_a number_n of_o canon_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n which_o neither_o of_o these_o canonist_n have_v either_o meddle_v with_o or_o so_o much_o as_o touch_v as_o also_o there_o be_v many_o statute_n in_o force_n which_o be_v no_o where_o mention_v in_o any_o of_o the_o abridgement_n but_o jo._n de_fw-fr burgo_n another_o english_a canonist_n and_o chancellor_n of_o cambridge_n who_o write_v in_o richard_n the_o second_v time_n take_v notice_n of_o this_o canon_n and_o that_o hunting_n be_v thereby_o forbid_v to_o our_o clergyman_n as_o appear_v in_o his_o pupilla_fw-la oculi_fw-la part_n 7._o ca._n 10._o m_o clericâ—râ—m_o to_o go_v on_o the_o apology_n say_v that_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n have_v former_o more_o than_o twenty_o park_n and_o chase_n to_o use_v at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o by_o charter_n have_v free-warren_n in_o all_o his_o land_n habutsse_o lugubre_fw-la it_o seem_v the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o latter_a time_n the_o more_o pâ—ty_n dissent_v from_o the_o former_a yet_o do_v not_o the_o former_a approve_v that_o bishop_n shall_v use_v they_o at_o their_o pleasure_n but_o as_o the_o law_n and_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n permit_v for_o as_o they_o have_v many_o park_n and_o warren_n so_o have_v they_o many_o castle_n and_o fortress_n and_o may_v for_o their_o safety_n dwell_v in_o they_o but_o as_o they_o may_v not_o be_v soldier_n in_o the_o one_o so_o may_v they_o not_o be_v huntsman_n in_o the_o other_o in_o like_a sort_n the_o abbot_n and_o monk_n of_o st._n alban_n as_o mat._n paris_n report_v the_o case_n in_o an._n 1240._o pa._n 205._o have_v free-warren_n at_o st._n alban_n &c._n &c._n by_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n and_o recover_v damage_n against_o many_o that_o enter_v into_o the_o same_o and_o hunt_v for_o the_o have_v of_o it_o be_v lawful_a as_o appear_v in_o the_o clementines_n tit._n de_fw-la statu_fw-la monast_n §_o porro_fw-la a_o venatoribus_fw-la but_o it_o be_v there_o express_o forbid_v that_o either_o they_o shall_v hunt_v in_o it_o themselves_o or_o be_v present_a when_o other_o do_v hunt_v or_o that_o they_o shall_v keep_v cane_n venatico_v aut_fw-la infra_fw-la monasteria_fw-la seu_fw-la domus_fw-la quas_fw-la inhabitant_n aut_fw-la eorum_fw-la clausuras_fw-la pa._n 207._o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la in_o an._n 1189._o say_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o that_o time_n affect_v to_o get_v into_o their_o hand_n comitatus_fw-la vicecomitatus_a vel_fw-la castellarias_fw-la counties_n sheriffwicks_n and_o constable-ship_n of_o castle_n but_o shall_v we_o think_v they_o either_o do_v or_o may_v use_v they_o in_o their_o own_o person_n as_o with_o banner_n display_v to_o lead_v forth_o the_o soldier_n of_o their_o county_n or_o with_o sword_n and_o target_n to_o defend_v the_o wall_n of_o their_o castle_n or_o with_o a_o white_a wand_n to_o collect_v the_o king_n revenue_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v true_a that_o walter_n bishop_n of_o durham_n have_v buy_v the_o county_n of_o northumberland_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n will_v needs_o sit_v himself_o in_o the_o county-court_n but_o he_o pay_v dear_o for_o it_o for_o his_o countryman_n furious_o slay_v he_o even_o sit_v there_o matt._n paris_n in_o an._n 1075._o so_o hugh_n bishop_n of_o coventry_n exercise_v the_o sheriff_n place_n but_o be_v excommunicate_a for_o it_o as_o contra_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la episc_n and_o so_o acknowledge_v his_o error_n dicet_fw-la in_o an._n 1190._o but_o every_o one_o will_v say_v it_o be_v a_o common_a thing_n in_o old_a time_n for_o bishop_n to_o be_v judge_n in_o secular_a court_n i_o confess_v it_o and_o think_v it_o godly_a and_o lawful_a as_o it_o be_v use_v at_o the_o first_o for_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o earl_n sit_v together_o in_o the_o county-court_n the_o bishop_n as_o chancellor_n to_o deliver_v dei_fw-la rectum_fw-la and_o populum_fw-la doâ—ere_fw-la the_o earl_n as_o secular_a judge_n to_o deliver_v rectum_fw-la seculi_fw-la and_o populum_fw-la coercere_fw-la as_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edgar_n and_o other_o but_o when_o the_o bishop_n begin_v to_o supply_v both_o place_n and_o to_o be_v mere_a judge_n of_o secular_a court_n than_o be_v they_o prohibit_v by_o many_o canon_n and_o therefore_o roger_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n be_v importune_v by_o the_o king_n to_o be_v his_o justice_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n accept_v it_o till_o he_o have_v obtain_v dispensation_n not_o only_o from_o his_o metropolitan_a the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n but_o from_o the_o pope_n himself_o as_o dicetus_n affirm_v in_o an._n 1190._o and_o no_o doubt_n but_o other_o of_o wisdom_n do_v the_o like_a in_o those_o thing_n therefore_o that_o bishop_n do_v against_o canon_n we_o must_v take_v no_o example_n to_o follow_v they_o for_o though_o their_o public_a action_n be_v manifest_a yet_o their_o dispensation_n and_o matter_n of_o excuse_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n secret_a neither_o do_v every_o thing_n do_v against_o a_o canon_n produce_v irregularity_n if_o some_o criminous_a mischance_n follow_v not_o thereon_o for_o the_o record_n that_o relate_v that_o the_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n be_v at_o his_o death_n to_o render_v to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n his_o kennel_n of_o hound_n as_o a_o mortuary_n and_o that_o the_o law_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o for_o the_o king_n sede_fw-la vacant_a under_o the_o name_n of_o muta_fw-la canum_fw-la and_o mulctura_fw-la i_o must_v as_o they_o say_v in_o the_o law_n demand_v oyer_n of_o the_o record_n we_o shall_v otherwise_o spend_v many_o word_n in_o vain_a but_o that_o dog_n shall_v be_v give_v for_o a_o mortuary_n be_v against_o all_o likelihood_n for_o a_o mortuary_n be_v as_o a_o offering_n give_v by_o he_o that_o die_v unto_o the_o church_n in_o recompense_n of_o his_o tithe_n forget_v and_o it_o be_v a_o plain_a text_n deuter._n 28._o 18._o non_fw-la offeres_fw-la mercedem_fw-la prostibuli_fw-la nec_fw-la pretium_fw-la canis_fw-la in_o domo_fw-la domini_fw-la but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o word_n to_o signify_v a_o kennel_n of_o hound_n than_o muta_fw-la canum_fw-la and_o mulctura_fw-la the_o exposition_n may_v be_v doubtful_a though_o it_o come_v somewhat_o near_o it_o freder_n ii_o emp._n in_o the_o prologue_n to_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr venatione_fw-la speak_v of_o a_o hawks-mue_a say_v domicula_fw-la quae_fw-la dicitur_fw-la muta_fw-la follow_v the_o italian_a vulgar_a which_o come_v à _fw-la mutando_fw-la because_o the_o hawk_n do_v there_o change_v her_o coat_n and_o for_o the_o affinity_n between_o dog_n and_o hawk_n it_o may_v be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d transfer_v to_o a_o dog-kennel_n and_o whether_o to_o the_o hound_n themselves_o or_o no_o it_o be_v not_o much_o material_a for_o no_o doubt_n they_o that_o may_v have_v park_n and_o warrens_n may_v have_v dog_n and_o hound_n for_o hunt_v but_o every_o body_n that_o may_v have_v hound_n may_v not_o use_v they_o themselves_o as_o appear_v by_o that_o which_o i_o say_v before_o out_o of_o the_o clementines_n and_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o justice_n brudnel_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o judge_n 12._o henr._n viii_o fol._n 5._o where_o it_o be_v say_v a_o man_n may_v keep_v hound_n notwithstanding_o the_o statute_n of_o 13._o ric._n ii_o but_o he_o must_v not_o hunt_n as_o he_o may_v keep_v apparel_n of_o cloth_n of_o gold_n notwithstanding_o the_o statute_n of_o apparel_n but_o he_o must_v not_o wear_v it_o beside_o religious_a person_n in_o ancient_a time_n be_v drive_v to_o have_v dog-kennel_n for_o the_o king_n hound_n for_o rad._n niger_n in_o an._n ....._o say_v that_o king_n henry_n ii_o abbate_n hypodromos_fw-la &_o canum_fw-la custodes_fw-la fecit_fw-la after_o all_o this_o his_o lordship_n be_v defend_v with_o the_o perpetual_a use_n of_o hunt_v by_o bishop_n in_o their_o park_n and_o by_o the_o particular_a example_n of_o some_o eminent_a man_n his_o predecessor_n