baron_n make_v a_o ordinance_n touch_v the_o exemption_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o bury_n from_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o the_o conqueror_n episcopi_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o barones_n regni_fw-la regius_fw-la potestate_fw-la ad_fw-la universalem_fw-la synodum_fw-la pro_fw-la causis_fw-la audiendis_fw-la &_o tractandis_fw-la convocati_fw-la say_v the_o book_n of_o westminster_n in_o the_o 2_o year_n of_o william_n 2._o there_o be_v a_o parliament_n de_fw-fr cunctis_fw-la regni_fw-la principibus_fw-la another_o which_o have_v selden_n quosque_fw-la regni_fw-la proceres_fw-la all_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n be_v a_o parliament_n at_o rockingham-castle_n in_o northamptonshire_n episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la cunctique_fw-la regni_fw-la principibus_fw-la una_fw-la coeuntibus_fw-la a_o year_n or_o two_o after_o the_o same_o king_n de_fw-fr statu_fw-la regni_fw-la acturus_fw-la etc._n etc._n call_v thither_o by_o the_o command_n selden_n of_o his_o writ_n the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o all_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o hen._n 1._o all_o the_o people_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v call_v and_o selden_n law_n be_v then_o make_v but_o it_o be_v per_fw-la commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la meorum_fw-la by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o my_o baron_n in_o his_o three_o year_n the_o peer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v call_v without_o any_o mention_n of_o the_o commons_o selden_n and_o another_o a_o while_n after_o consensu_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la by_o the_o consent_n of_o earl_n and_o baron_n florentius_n wigoriensis_fw-la say_v these_o be_v statute_n which_o anselm_n and_o all_o the_o other_o bishop_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o king_n henry_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o baron_n ordain_v and_o in_o his_o ten_o year_n of_o earl_n and_o peer_n and_o in_o his_o 23._o of_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v the_o same_o king_n hold_v a_o parliament_n or_o great_a council_n with_o his_o baron_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a king_n hen._n 2._o in_o his_o ten_o year_n have_v a_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n at_o clarendon_n which_o be_v a_o assembly_n of_o prelate_n and_o peer_n 22._o hen._n 2._o say_v hovenden_n be_v a_o great_a council_n at_o nottingham_n and_o by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v into_o six_o part_n and_o again_o hovendeâ—…_n say_v that_o the_o same_o king_n at_o windsor_n apud_fw-la windâ—…_n shore_n communi_fw-la concilio_n of_o bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n divide_v england_n into_o four_o part_n and_o in_o hiâ—…_n 21_o year_n a_o parliament_n at_o windsor_n of_o bishop_n earlâ—…_n and_o baron_n and_o another_o of_o like_a person_n at_o northampton_n king_n richard_n 1._o have_v a_o parliament_n at_o nottingham_n in_o his_o five_o year_n of_o bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n thiâ—…_n parliament_n last_v but_o four_o day_n yet_o much_o be_v donâ—…_n in_o it_o the_o first_o day_n the_o king_n disseise_v gerard_n the_o canvil_n of_o the_o sherifwick_n of_o lincoln_n and_o hugh_n bardolâ—…_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o sherifwick_n of_o york_n the_o second_o day_n he_o require_v judgement_n against_o his_o brother_n john_n who_o be_v afterward_o king_n and_o hugh_n de_fw-fr novaâ—…_n bishop_n of_o coventry_n the_o three_o day_n be_v grant_v to_o thâ—…_n king_n of_o every_o plow-land_n in_o england_n 2_o s._n he_o require_v also_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o service_n of_o every_o knight_n fâ—…_n for_o his_o attendance_n into_o normandy_n and_o all_o the_o wooâ—…_n that_o year_n of_o the_o monk_n cisteaux_fw-fr which_o for_o that_o 〈◊〉_d be_v grievous_a and_o unsupportable_a they_o fine_a for_o moâ—…ny_n the_o last_o day_n be_v for_o hear_v of_o grievancesâ—…_n and_o so_o the_o parliament_n break_v up_o and_o the_o same_o yeaâ—…_n hold_v another_o at_o northampton_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o thâ—…_n realm_n king_n john_n in_o his_o five_o year_n he_o and_o his_o great_a mâ—…met_n rex_fw-la &_o magnates_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la and_o thâ—…_n selden_n roll_v of_o that_o year_n have_v commune_fw-la concilium_fw-la bâ—…ronum_fw-la meorum_fw-la the_o common_a council_n of_o my_o baronâ—…_n at_o winchester_n in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n 3._o the_o nobleâ—…_n grant_v to_o the_o king_n of_o every_o knight_n fee_n two_o markâ—…_n in_o silver_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n he_o have_v a_o parliament_n at_o london_n a_o assembly_n of_o baron_n in_o his_o thirteen_o year_n a_o assembly_n of_o the_o lord_n at_o westminster_n in_o his_o fifteen_o year_n of_o noble_n both_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a m._n par._n say_v that_o 20._o h._n 3._o congregati_fw-la sunt_fw-la magnates_fw-la ad_fw-la colloquium_fw-la de_fw-la negotiis_fw-la regni_fw-la tractaturi_fw-la the_o great_a man_n be_v call_v to_o confer_v and_o treat_v of_o the_o business_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o at_o merton_n our_o lord_n the_o king_n grant_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o great_a man_n that_o hereafter_o usury_n shall_v not_o run_v against_o a_o ward_n from_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n 21._o hen._n 3._o the_o king_n send_v his_o royal_a writ_n command_v all_o belong_v to_o his_o kingdom_n that_o be_v to_o say_v archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o prior_n install_v earl_n and_o baron_n that_o they_o shall_v all_o meet_v at_o london_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o king_n business_n touch_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o at_o the_o day_n prefix_v the_o whole_a multitude_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o kingdom_n meet_v at_o london_n say_v mat._n westminster_n in_o his_o 21_o year_n at_o the_o request_n and_o by_o the_o council_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o charter_n be_v confirm_v 22._o hen._n 3._o at_o winchester_n the_o king_n send_v his_o royal_a writ_n to_o archbishop_n bishop_n prior_n earl_n and_o baron_n to_o treat_v of_o business_n concern_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n 32._o hen._n 3._o the_o king_n command_v all_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o be_v call_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o state_n of_o his_o kingdom_n mat._n westm_n '_o 49._o hen._n 3._o the_o king_n have_v a_o treaty_n at_o oxford_n with_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n m._n westminster_n at_o a_o parliament_n at_o marlborow_n 55._o hen._n 3._o statute_n be_v make_v by_o the_o assent_n of_o earl_n and_o baron_n here_o the_o place_n of_o bracton_n chief_a justice_n in_o thiâ—…_n king_n time_n be_v worth_a the_o observe_n and_o the_o ratheâ—…_n for_o that_o it_o be_v much_o insist_v on_o of_o late_a to_o make_v foâ—…_n parliament_n be_v above_o the_o king_n the_o word_n iâ—…_n bracton_n be_v the_o king_n have_v a_o superior_a god_n also_o thâ—…_n law_n by_o which_o he_o be_v make_v king_n also_o his_o court_n viz_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n the_o court_n that_o be_v say_v iâ—…_n those_o day_n to_o be_v above_o the_o king_n be_v a_o court_n of_o earl_n and_o baron_n not_o a_o word_n of_o the_o commons_o or_o thâ—…_n representative_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v any_o paâ—…_n of_o the_o superior_a court_n now_o for_o the_o true_a senâ—…_n of_o bractons_n word_n how_o the_o law_n and_o the_o court_n 〈◊〉_d earl_n and_o baron_n be_v the_o king_n superior_n theâ—…_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v superior_n 〈◊〉_d far_o only_o as_o to_o advise_v and_o direct_v the_o king_n out_o of_o hiâ—…_n own_o grace_n and_o good_a will_v only_o which_o appeaâ—…_n plain_o by_o the_o word_n of_o bracton_n himself_o wherâ—…_n speak_v of_o the_o king_n he_o resolve_v thus_o nec_fw-la potest_fw-la 〈◊〉_d necessitatem_fw-la aliquis_fw-la imponere_fw-la quod_fw-la injuriam_fw-la svam_fw-la corrigâ—…_n &_o emendat_fw-la cum_fw-la superiorem_fw-la non_fw-la habeat_fw-la nisi_fw-la deum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d satis_fw-la ei_fw-la erit_fw-la ad_fw-la poenam_fw-la quod_fw-la dominum_fw-la expectat_fw-la ultoreâ—…_n nor_o can_v any_o man_n put_v a_o necessity_n upon_o he_o to_o correâ—…_n and_o amend_v his_o injury_n unless_o he_o will_v himself_o sinâ—…_n he_o have_v no_o superior_a but_o god_n it_o will_v be_v sufficieâ—…_n punishment_n for_o he_o to_o expect_v the_o lord_n a_o avengeâ—…_n here_o the_o same_o man_n who_o speak_v according_o to_o somâ—…mens_n opinion_n say_v the_o law_n and_o court_n of_o earl_n aâ—…_n baron_n be_v superior_a to_o the_o king_n in_o this_o place_n telâ—…_n we_o himself_o the_o king_n have_v no_o superior_a but_o god_n thâ—…_n difference_n be_v easy_o reconcile_v according_a to_o the_o dâ—…stinction_n of_o the_o schoolman_n the_o king_n be_v free_a from_o tâ—…_n coactive_a power_n of_o law_n or_o councillor_n but_o may_v be_v suâ—…ject_n to_o their_o directive_n power_n according_a to_o his_o owâ—…_n will_v that_o be_v god_n can_v only_o compel_v but_o thâ—…_n law_n and_o his_o court_n may_v advise_v he_o rot._n parliament_n 1_o hen._n 4._o nu_fw-la 79._o the_o commons_o express_o affirm_v judgement_n in_o parliament_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n these_o precedent_n show_v that_o from_o the_o conquest_n until_o a_o great_a
maurice_n justicer_n of_o ireland_n the_o explanation_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n only_o be_v receive_v always_o for_o statute_n and_o be_v still_o print_v with_o they_o also_o the_o statute_n make_v for_o the_o correction_n of_o the_o twelve_o chapter_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n be_v sign_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o send_v to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o writ_n patent_n with_o a_o certain_a writ_n close_v date_v by_o the_o king_n hand_n at_o westminster_n 2_o maii_n 9_o edw._n 1._o require_v that_o they_o shall_v do_v and_o execute_v all_o and_o every_o thing_n contain_v in_o it_o though_o the_o same_o do_v not_o accord_v with_o the_o stat._n of_o gloucester_n in_o all_o thing_n the_o provision_n of_o merton_n make_v by_o the_o king_n at_o a_o assembly_n of_o prelate_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n for_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o queen_n elinor_n be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o proclamation_n and_o begin_v provisum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la apud_fw-la merton_n 19_o hen._n 3._o a_o provision_n be_v make_v de_fw-fr assisa_fw-la praesentationis_fw-la which_o be_v continue_v and_o allow_v for_o a_o law_n until_o the_o stat._n of_o west_n 2._o which_o provide_v the_o contrary_a in_o express_a word_n in_o the_o old_a statute_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o distinguish_v what_o law_n be_v make_v by_o king_n in_o parliament_n and_o what_o out_o of_o parliament_n when_o king_n call_v peer_n only_o to_o parliament_n and_o of_o those_o how_o many_o or_o who_o they_o please_v as_o it_o appear_v ancient_o they_o do_v it_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n to_o put_v a_o difference_n between_o a_o councel-table_n and_o a_o parliament_n or_o between_o a_o proclamation_n and_o a_o statute_n yet_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o in_o old_a time_n there_o be_v a_o distinction_n between_o the_o king_n special_a or_o privy_a council_n and_o his_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o his_o special_a council_n do_v sit_v with_o the_o peer_n in_o parliament_n and_o be_v of_o great_a and_o extraordinary_a authority_n there_o in_o the_o stat._n of_o westm._n 1._o it_o be_v say_v these_o be_v the_o act_n of_o k._n edw._n 1._o make_v at_o his_o first_o parliament_n by_o his_o council_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o stat._n of_o acton_n burnell_n have_v these_o word_n the_o king_n for_o himself_o and_o by_o his_o council_n have_v ordain_v and_o establish_v in_o articulis_fw-la super_fw-la chartas_n when_o the_o great_a charter_n be_v confirm_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n be_v find_v these_o two_o provision_n 1._o nevertheless_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n do_v not_o intend_v by_o reason_n of_o this_o statute_n to_o diminish_v the_o king_n right_o 2._o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o thing_n beforementioned_a or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o both_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n and_o all_o they_o that_o be_v present_a will_n and_o intend_v that_o the_o right_n and_o prerogative_n of_o his_o crown_n shall_v be_v save_v to_o he_o in_o all_o thing_n the_o stat._n of_o escheator_n have_v this_o title_n at_o the_o parliament_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n by_o his_o council_n it_o be_v agree_v and_o also_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o command_v 1_o edw._n 3._o where_o magna_n charta_n be_v confirm_v this_o preamble_n be_v find_v at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commonalty_n by_o their_o petition_n make_v before_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n in_o parliament_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n etc._n etc._n the_o statute_n make_v at_o york_n 9_o edw._n 3._o go_v thus_o whereas_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n desire_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n in_o his_o parliament_n by_o their_o petition_n etc._n etc._n our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n desire_v the_o profit_n of_o his_o people_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o noble_n of_o his_o realm_n and_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n be_v there_o have_v ordain_v 25._o edw._n 3._o in_o the_o statute_n of_o purveyor_n where_o the_o king_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o make_v a_o declaration_n what_o offence_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v treason_n it_o be_v there_o further_o say_v if_o per-case_n any_o man_n ride_v arm_v with_o man_n of_o arm_n against_o any_o other_o to_o slay_v he_o or_o rob_v he_o it_o be_v not_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o king_n or_o of_o his_o council_n that_o in_o such_o case_n it_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v treason_n by_o this_o statute_n it_o appear_v that_o even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n which_o be_v the_o king_n own_o cause_n as_o whereas_o a_o man_n do_v compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n or_o a_o man_n do_v wage_v war_n against_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n in_o his_o realm_n or_o be_v adherent_a to_o the_o king_n enemy_n in_o his_o realm_n give_v to_o they_o aid_n or_o comfort_n in_o the_o realm_n or_o elsewhere_o in_o all_o these_o case_n it_o be_v the_o king_n declaration_n only_o that_o make_v it_o to_o be_v treason_n and_o though_o it_o be_v say_v that_o difficult_a point_n of_o treason_n shall_v be_v bring_v and_o show_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n yet_o it_o be_v say_v it_o be_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n that_o determine_v what_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v treason_n and_o what_o felony_n or_o trespass_n 27_o edw._n 3._o the_o commons_o present_v a_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n which_o the_o king_n council_n do_v mislike_v be_v content_a thereupon_o to_o amend_v and_o explain_v their_o petition_n the_o petition_n have_v these_o word_n to_o their_o most_o redoubt_a sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n pray_v your_o say_a commons_o that_o whereas_o they_o have_v pray_v he_o to_o be_v discharge_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o article_n of_o the_o eyre_n etc._n etc._n which_o petition_n seem_v to_o his_o council_n to_o be_v prejudicial_a unto_o he_o and_o in_o disinherison_n of_o his_o crown_n if_o it_o be_v so_o general_o grant_v his_o say_a commons_o not_o willing_a nor_o desire_v to_o demand_v thing_n of_o he_o or_o of_o his_o crown_n perpetual_o as_o of_o escheat_n etc._n etc._n but_o of_o trespass_n misprision_n negligence_n ignorances_n etc._n etc._n and_o as_o in_o parliament_n the_o king_n council_n be_v of_o supereminent_a power_n so_o out_o of_o parliament_n king_n make_v great_a use_n of_o they_o king_n edw._n 1._o find_v that_o bogo_n de_fw-fr clare_n be_v discharge_v of_o a_o accusation_n bring_v against_o he_o in_o parliament_n command_v he_o nevertheless_o to_o appear_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o recipiendum_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o ejus_fw-la concilium_fw-la fuerit_fw-la faciendum_fw-la and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o whole_a cause_n 8_o edw._n 1._o edw._n 3._o in_o the_o star-chamber_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a councel-table_n at_o westminster_n upon_o the_o complaint_n of_o eliz._n audley_n command_v james_n audley_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n and_o determine_v a_o controversy_n between_o they_o touch_v land_n contain_v in_o her_o jointure_n rot._n clau_n de_fw-fr an._n 41_o edw._n 3._o hen._n 5._o in_o a_o suit_n before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n for_o the_o title_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o serre_n and_o st._n laurence_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n in_o kent_n take_v order_n for_o the_o sequester_v the_o profit_n till_o the_o right_n be_v try_v hen._n 6._o command_v the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n to_o stay_v the_o arraignment_n of_o one_o verney_n in_o london_n till_o they_o have_v other_o commandment_n from_o he_o and_o his_o council_n 34_o hen._n 6._o rot_n 37._o in_o banco_n edw._n 4._o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n hear_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o master_n and_o poor_a brethren_n of_o saint_n leonard_n in_o york_n complain_v that_o sir_n hugh_n hastings_n and_o other_o withdraw_v from_o they_o a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o live_n which_o consist_v chief_o upon_o the_o have_v of_o a_o thrave_a of_o corn_n of_o every_o plow-land_n within_o the_o county_n of_o york_n westmorland_z cumberland_n and_o lancashire_n rot._n pat_o de_fw-fr a_fw-fr 8._o edw._n 4._o part_n 3._o memb_v 14._o hen._n 7._o and_o his_o council_n in_o the_o star-chamber_n decree_v that_o margery_n and_o florence_n becket_n shall_v sue_v no_o further_o in_o their_o cause_n against_o alice_n radley_n widow_n for_o land_n in_o wolwich_n and_o plumsted_n in_o kent_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o matter_n have_v be_v hear_v
augustissimi_fw-la caroli_n secundi_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_n angliae_fw-la scotiae_fw-la francia_fw-la et_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la rex_fw-la bona_fw-la agere_fw-la &_o mala_fw-la pati_fw-la regium_fw-la est_fw-la page_n 1_o the_o freeholders_n grand_a inquest_n touch_v our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n to_o which_o be_v add_v observation_n upon_o form_n of_o government_n together_o with_o direction_n for_o obedience_n to_o governor_n in_o dangerous_a and_o doubtful_a time_n by_o the_o learned_a sir_n robert_n filmer_n knight_n claudian_n de_fw-la laudibus_fw-la stiliconis_n fallitur_fw-la egregio_fw-la quisquis_fw-la sub_fw-la principe_fw-la credit_n servitium_n nunquam_fw-la libertas_n gratior_fw-la extat_fw-la quam_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la pio_fw-la london_n print_v in_o the_o year_n mdclxxix_o the_o author_n preface_n there_o be_v a_o general_a belief_n that_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n be_v at_o first_o a_o imitation_n of_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n in_o france_n therefore_o in_o order_n to_o prepare_v the_o understanding_n in_o the_o recerche_n we_o have_v in_o hand_n it_o be_v proper_a to_o give_v a_o brief_a account_n of_o the_o mode_n of_o france_n in_o those_o assembly_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n be_v also_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n a_o touch_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o parliament_n shall_v be_v by_o way_n of_o preface_n 1._o in_o france_n the_o king_n writ_n go_v to_o the_o bailiff_n seneschal_n or_o steward_n of_o liberty_n who_o issue_n out_o warrant_v to_o all_o such_o as_o have_v fee_n and_o land_n within_o their_o liberty_n and_o to_o all_o town_n require_v all_o such_o as_o have_v any_o complaint_n to_o meet_v in_o the_o principal_a city_n there_o to_o choose_v two_o or_o three_o delegate_n in_o the_o name_n of_o that_o province_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o general_n assembly_n at_o the_o day_n appoint_v they_o meet_v at_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o the_o bailiwick_n the_o king_n be_v write_v be_v read_v and_o every_o man_n call_v by_o name_n and_o swear_v to_o choose_v honest_a man_n for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o general_n assembly_n as_o delegate_n faithful_o to_o deliver_v their_o grievance_n and_o demand_n of_o the_o province_n then_o they_o choose_v their_o delegate_n and_o swear_v they_o next_o they_o consult_v what_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v complain_v of_o or_o what_o be_v to_o be_v desire_v of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o these_o thing_n they_o make_v a_o catalogue_n or_o index_n and_o because_o every_o man_n shall_v free_o propound_v his_o complaint_n or_o demand_n there_o be_v a_o chest_n place_v in_o the_o town-hall_n into_o which_o every_o man_n may_v cast_v his_o write_n after_o the_o catalogue_n be_v make_v and_o sign_v it_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o delegate_n to_o carry_v to_o the_o general_n assembly_n all_o the_o bailiwick_n be_v divide_v into_o twelve_o class_n to_o avoid_v confusion_n and_o to_o the_o end_n there_o may_v not_o be_v too_o great_a delay_n in_o the_o assembly_n by_o the_o gather_v of_o all_o the_o vote_n every_o classis_fw-la compile_v a_o catalogue_n or_o book_n of_o the_o grievance_n and_o demand_n of_o all_o the_o bailiwick_n within_o that_o classis_fw-la than_o these_o class_n at_o the_o aslemble_o compose_v one_o book_n of_o the_o grievance_n and_o demand_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n this_o be_v the_o order_n of_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n the_o like_a order_n be_v observe_v by_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n when_o the_o three_o book_n for_o the_o three_o estate_n be_v perfect_v than_o they_o present_v they_o to_o the_o king_n by_o their_o precedent_n first_o the_o precedent_n for_o the_o clergy_n begin_v his_o oration_n on_o his_o knee_n and_o the_o king_n command_v he_o stand_v up_o bareheaded_a and_o proceed_v and_o so_o the_o next_o precedent_n for_o the_o nobility_n do_v the_o like_a but_o the_o precedent_n for_o the_o commons_o begin_v and_o end_v his_o oration_n on_o his_o knee_n whilst_o the_o precedent_n for_o the_o clergy_n speak_v the_o rest_n of_o that_o order_n rise_v up_o and_o stand_v bare_a till_o they_o be_v bid_v by_o the_o king_n to_o sit_v down_o and_o be_v cover_v and_o so_o the_o like_a for_o the_o nobility_n but_o whilst_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o commons_o speak_v the_o rest_n be_v neither_o bid_v to_o sit_v or_o be_v cover_v thus_o the_o grievance_n and_o demand_n be_v deliver_v and_o leave_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o counsel_n the_o general_n assembly_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n end_v atque_fw-la ita_fw-la totus_fw-la actus_fw-la concluditur_fw-la thus_o it_o appear_v the_o general_n assembly_n be_v but_o a_o orderly_a way_n of_o present_v the_o public_a grievance_n and_o demand_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o king_n not_o much_o unlike_o the_o ancient_a usage_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o a_o long_a time_n when_o all_o law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o king_n answer_n to_o the_o petition_n present_v to_o he_o in_o parliament_n as_o be_v apparent_a by_o very_a many_o statute_n parliament-roll_n and_o the_o confession_n of_o sir_n edw._n coke_n 2._o in_o scotland_n about_o twenty_o day_n before_o the_o parliament_n begin_v proclamation_n be_v make_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n to_o deliver_v in_o to_o the_o king_n clerk_n or_o master_n of_o the_o roll_n all_o bill_n to_o be_v exhibit_v that_o session_n before_o a_o certain_a day_n then_o be_v they_o bring_v to_o the_o king_n and_o peruse_v by_o he_o and_o only_o such_o as_o he_o allow_v be_v put_v into_o the_o chancellour_n hand_n to_o be_v propound_v in_o parliament_n and_o none_o other_o and_o if_o any_o man_n in_o parliament_n speak_v of_o another_o matter_n than_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o king_n the_o chancellor_n tell_v he_o there_o be_v no_o such_o bill_n allow_v by_o the_o king_n when_o they_o have_v pass_v they_o for_o law_n they_o be_v present_v to_o the_o king_n who_o with_o his_o sceptre_n put_v into_o his_o hand_n by_o the_o chancellor_n ratify_v they_o and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n the_o king_n dislike_v they_o raze_v it_o out_o before_o 3._o in_o ireland_n the_o parliament_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o hen._n 7._o c._n 4._o be_v to_o be_v after_o this_o manner_n no_o parliament_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v but_o at_o such_o season_n as_o the_o king_n lieutenant_n and_o council_n there_o do_v first_o certify_v the_o king_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o that_o land_n the_o cause_n and_o consideration_n and_o all_o such_o act_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a shall_v pass_v in_o the_o say_a parliament_n and_o such_o cause_n and_o consideration_n and_o act_v affirm_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n to_o be_v good_a and_o expedient_a for_o that_o land_n and_o his_o licence_n thereupon_o as_o well_o in_o affirmation_n of_o the_o say_a cause_n and_o act_n as_o to_o summon_v the_o parliament_n under_o his_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n have_v and_o obtain_v that_o do_v a_o parliament_n to_o be_v have_v and_o hold_v after_o the_o form_n and_o effect_v afore_o rehearse_v and_o if_o any_o parliament_n be_v hold_v in_o that_o land_n contrary_a to_o the_o form_n and_o provision_n aforesaid_a it_o be_v deem_v void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_v in_o law_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o all_o such_o bill_n as_o shall_v be_v offer_v to_o the_o parliament_n there_o shall_v first_o be_v transmit_v hither_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o have_v receive_v allowane_o and_o approbation_n here_o shall_v be_v put_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o so_o return_v thither_o to_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o parliament_n by_o a_o statute_n of_o 3_o and_o 4_o of_o philip_n and_o mary_n for_o the_o expound_v of_o poynings_n act_n it_o be_v order_v for_o the_o king_n be_v pass_v of_o the_o say_a act_n in_o such_o form_n and_o tenor_n as_o they_o shall_v be_v send_v into_o england_n or_o else_o for_o the_o change_n of_o they_o or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o after_o this_o short_a narrative_a of_o the_o usage_n of_o parliament_n in_o our_o neighbour_n and_o fellow_n kingdom_n it_o be_v time_n the_o inquisitio_fw-la magna_fw-la of_o our_o own_o be_v offer_v to_o the_o verdict_n or_o judgement_n of_o a_o moderate_a and_o intelligent_a reader_n reflection_n concern_v the_o original_a of_o government_n upon_o i._n aristotle_n politic_n ii_o mr._n hobs's_fw-fr leviathan_n iii_o mr._n milton_n against_o salmasius_n iu_o h._n grotius_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_n v._o mr._n hunton_n treatise_n of_o monarchy_n vi_o another_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n by_o a_o nameless_a author_n arist._n pol._n lib._n 4._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d london_n print_v in_o the_o year_n mdclxxix_o the_o anarchy_n of_o a_o limit_a or_o mix_a monarchy_n or_o a_o
at_o that_o election_n send_v back_o unto_o we_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o indenture_n aforesaid_a affile_v to_o these_o present_n together_o with_o this_o writ_n witness_v ourselves_o at_o westminster_n by_o this_o writ_n we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o the_o commons_o be_v call_v to_o be_v any_o part_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o of_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o judicature_n or_o to_o have_v any_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n or_o to_o consult_v de_fw-fr arduis_fw-la regni_fw-la negotiis_fw-la of_o the_o difficult_a business_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o writ_n only_o say_v the_o king_n will_v have_v conference_n and_o treat_v with_o the_o prelate_n great_a man_n and_o peer_n but_o not_o a_o word_n of_o treat_v or_o conference_n with_o the_o commons_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o which_o do_v not_o minister_v a_o oath_n nor_o fine_a nor_o imprison_v any_o but_o their_o own_o member_n and_o that_o but_o of_o late_a in_o some_o case_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o court_n at_o all_o much_o less_o to_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o supreme_a court_n or_o high_a judicature_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o constant_a custom_n even_o to_o this_o day_n for_o the_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o to_o stand_v bare_a with_o their_o hat_n in_o their_o hand_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o lord_n while_o the_o lord_n sit_v cover_v at_o all_o conference_n be_v a_o visible_a argument_n that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v not_o fellow_n commissioner_n or_o fellow_n counsellor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o duty_n of_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n mention_v in_o the_o writ_n be_v only_o ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o consentiendum_fw-la to_o perform_v and_o to_o consent_v to_o such_o thing_n as_o shall_v be_v ordain_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o mention_v in_o the_o writ_n as_o a_o power_n in_o the_o commons_o to_o dissent_v when_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o appear_v in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n the_o word_n be_v ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o recipiendum_fw-la quod_fw-la ei_fw-la per_fw-la curiam_fw-la injungetur_fw-la which_o show_v that_o this_o word_n faciendum_fw-la be_v use_v as_o a_o term_n in_o law_n to_o signify_v to_o give_v obedience_n for_o this_o we_o meet_v with_o a_o precedent_n even_o as_o ancient_a as_o the_o parliament-writ_a itself_o and_o it_o be_v concern_v proceed_n in_o parliament_n 33._o ed._n 1._o dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la mandavit_fw-la vicecom_v '_o quod_fw-la etc._n etc._n summon_v '_o nicolaum_n de_fw-fr segrave_n &_o ex_fw-la parte_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la firmiter_fw-la ei_fw-la injungeret_fw-la quod_fw-la esset_fw-la coram_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la in_o proximo_fw-la parl._n etc._n etc._n ad_fw-la audiendum_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la ipsius_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la etc._n etc._n et_fw-la ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o recipiendum_fw-la ulterius_fw-la quod_fw-la curia_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la consideraret_fw-la in_o praemissis_fw-la our_o lord_n the_o king_n command_v the_o sheriff_n to_o summon_v nicholas_n segrave_n to_o appear_v before_o the_o lord_n our_o king_n in_o the_o next_o parliament_n to_o hear_v the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n our_o king_n himself_o and_o to_o perform_v and_o receive_v what_o the_o king_n court_n shall_v further_o consider_v of_o the_o premise_n sir_n ed._n coke_n to_o prove_v the_o clergy_n have_v no_o voice_n in_o parliament_n say_v that_o by_o the_o word_n of_o their_o writ_n their_o consent_n be_v only_o to_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o realm_n if_o this_o argument_n of_o his_o be_v good_a it_o will_v deny_v also_o voice_n to_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n for_o in_o their_o writ_n be_v the_o selfsame_a word_n viz._n to_o consent_n to_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n sir_n edw._n coke_n conclude_v that_o the_o procuratores_fw-la cleri_fw-la have_v many_o time_n appear_v in_o parliament_n as_o spiritual_a assistant_n to_o consider_v consult_v and_o to_o consent_v but_o never_o have_v voice_n there_o how_o they_o can_v consult_v and_o consent_v without_o voice_n he_o do_v not_o show_v though_o the_o clergy_n as_o he_o say_v oft_o appear_v in_o parliament_n yet_o be_v it_o only_o ad_fw-la consentiendum_fw-la as_o i_o take_v it_o and_o not_o ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la for_o the_o word_n faciendum_fw-la be_v omit_v in_o their_o writ_n the_o cause_n as_o i_o conceive_v be_v the_o clergy_n though_o they_o be_v to_o assent_v yet_o by_o reason_n of_o clerical_a exemption_n they_o be_v not_o require_v to_o perform_v all_o the_o ordinance_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o some_o may_v think_v though_o the_o writ_n do_v not_o express_v a_o call_v of_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n to_o be_v part_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n yet_o it_o suppose_v it_o a_o thing_n grant_v and_o not_o to_o be_v question_v but_o that_o they_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o common_a council_n indeed_o if_o their_o writ_n have_v not_o mention_v the_o call_v of_o prelate_n great_a man_n and_o peer_n to_o council_n there_o may_v have_v be_v a_o little_a better_a colour_n for_o such_o a_o supposition_n but_o the_o truth_n be_v such_o a_o supposition_n do_v make_v the_o writ_n itself_o vain_a and_o idle_a for_o it_o be_v a_o senseless_a thing_n to_o bid_v man_n assent_v to_o that_o which_o they_o have_v already_o ordain_v since_o ordain_v be_v a_o assent_v and_o more_o than_o a_o assent_v for_o clear_v the_o meaning_n and_o sense_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o such_o as_o think_v it_o impossible_a but_o that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n have_v always_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n i_o shall_v insist_v upon_o these_o point_n 1._o that_o ancient_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n be_v the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 2._o that_o until_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 1._o the_o commons_o be_v not_o call_v to_o parliament_n 3._o though_o the_o commons_o be_v call_v by_o hen._n 1._o yet_o they_o be_v not_o constant_o call_v nor_o yet_o regular_o elect_v by_o writ_n until_o hen._n 3._o time_n for_o the_o first_o point_n m._n cambden_n in_o his_o britania_n do_v teach_v we_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_n and_o in_o the_o ensue_a age_n a_o parliament_n be_v call_v communâ—…_n concilium_fw-la which_o be_v say_v he_o praesentia_fw-la regis_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la procerumque_fw-la collectorum_fw-la the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n prelate_n and_o peer_n assemble_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o commons_o the_o prelate_n and_o peer_n be_v all_o baron_n the_o author_n of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o the_o selden_n church_n of_o lichfield_n cite_v by_o m._n selden_n say_v postquam_fw-la rex_fw-la edvardus_fw-la etc._n etc._n concilio_n baronum_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n after_o king_n edward_n be_v king_n by_o the_o council_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n he_o revive_v a_o law_n which_o have_v lie_v asleep_o threescore_o and_o seven_o year_n and_o this_o law_n be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o st._n edward_n the_o king_n in_o the_o same_o chronicle_n it_o be_v say_v that_o will._n the_o conqueror_n anno_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la quarto_fw-la apud_fw-la londin_n '_o haâ—…_n concilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la a_o council_n of_o his_o baron_n and_o of_o this_o parliament_n it_o be_v that_o his_o son_n hen._n 1._o speak_v say_v i_o restore_v you_o the_o law_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n with_o those_o amendment_n wherewith_o my_o father_n amend_v they_o by_o the_o council_n of_o his_o baron_n in_o the_o five_o year_n as_o m._n selden_n think_v of_o the_o conqueror_n be_v a_o parliament_n or_o principum_fw-la conventus_fw-la aâ—…_n assembly_n of_o earl_n and_o baron_n at_o pinenden_n heath_n iâ—…_n kent_n in_o the_o cause_n between_o lanfranke_a the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o odo_n earl_n of_o kent_n the_o king_n give_v commission_n to_o godfrid_n than_o bishop_n of_o constanâ—…_n in_o normandy_n to_o represent_v his_o own_o person_n for_o hear_v the_o controversy_n as_o say_v m._n lambard_n and_o cause_v egelrick_n the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n a_o age_a man_n singular_o commend_v for_o skill_n in_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o be_v bring_v thither_o in_o a_o wagon_n for_o his_o assistance_n in_o council_n command_v haymo_n the_o sheriff_n of_o kent_n to_o summon_v the_o whole_a county_n to_o give_v in_o evidence_n three_o whole_a day_n spend_v in_o debate_n in_o the_o end_n lanfranke_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o possession_n oâ—…_n detling_n and_o other_o land_n which_o odo_n have_v withhold_v 21._o ed._n 3._o fol._n 60._o there_o be_v mention_n of_o a_o parliament_n hold_v under_o the_o same_o king_n william_n selden_n the_o conqueror_n wherein_o all_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o land_n earl_n and_o
part_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o reign_n in_o who_o day_n it_o be_v think_v the_o writ_n for_o election_n of_o knight_n be_v frame_v which_o be_v about_o two_o hundred_o year_n and_o above_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o time_n since_o the_o conquest_n to_o our_o day_n the_o baron_n make_v the_o parliament_n or_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n under_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n not_o only_o the_o earl_n but_o the_o bishop_n also_o be_v comprehend_v for_o the_o conqueror_n make_v the_o bishop_n baron_n therefore_o it_o be_v no_o such_o great_a wonder_n that_o in_o the_o writ_n we_o find_v the_o lord_n only_o to_o be_v the_o counselor_n and_o the_o commons_o call_v only_o to_o perform_v and_o consent_v to_o the_o ordinance_n those_o there_o be_v who_o seem_v to_o believe_v that_o under_o the_o word_n baron_n ancient_o the_o lord_n of_o court-baâ—…ons_a be_v comprehend_v and_o that_o they_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n as_o baron_n but_o if_o this_o can_v be_v prove_v to_o have_v be_v at_o any_o time_n true_a yet_o those_o lord_n of_o court-baron_n be_v not_o the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n except_o it_o can_v be_v also_o prove_v that_o the_o commons_o or_o freeholders_n of_o the_o kingdom_n choose_v such_o lord_n of_o court-baron_n to_o â—…e_v present_a in_o parliament_n the_o lord_n of_o manor_n â—…ame_v not_o at_o first_o by_o election_n of_o the_o people_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n treat_v of_o the_o institution_n of_o court-baâ—…ons_a resolve_v we_o in_o these_o word_n by_o the_o law_n and_o ordinance_n of_o ancient_a king_n and_o especial_o of_o king_n alâ—…red_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o first_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n â—…ad_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o demean_v and_o les_fw-fr grand_a manor_n and_o royalty_n they_o reserve_v to_o themselves_o and_o of_o the_o remnant_n they_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realâ—…_n enfeoff_v the_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n with_o such_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o court-baron_n now_o have_v coke_n instituteâ—…_n first_o part_n fol._n 58._o here_o by_o the_o way_n i_o can_v but_o note_v that_o if_o thâ—…_n first_o king_n have_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o demean_v 〈◊〉_d sir_n edward_n coke_n say_v they_o have_v and_o if_o the_o firâ—…_n king_n be_v choose_v by_o the_o people_n as_o many_o thinâ—…_n they_o be_v then_o sure_o our_o forefather_n be_v a_o verâ—…_n bountiful_a if_o not_o a_o prodigal_a people_n to_o give_v all_o thâ—…_n land_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o their_o king_n witâ—…_n liberty_n for_o they_o to_o keep_v what_o they_o please_v and_o tâ—…_n give_v the_o remainder_n to_o their_o subject_n clog_v anâ—…_n cumber_v with_o a_o condition_n to_o defend_v the_o realmâ—…_n this_o be_v but_o a_o ill_a sign_n of_o a_o limit_a monarchy_n by_o original_a constitution_n or_o contract_n but_o to_o conclude_v thâ—…_n former_a point_n sir_n edward_n coke_n opinion_n be_v thâ—…_n in_o the_o ancient_a law_n under_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n be_v comprise_v all_o the_o nobility_n this_o doctrine_n of_o the_o baron_n be_v the_o commâ—…_n council_n do_v displease_v many_o and_o be_v deny_v aâ—…tending_v to_o the_o disparagement_n of_o the_o commons_o anâ—…_n to_o the_o discredit_v and_o confutation_n of_o their_o opinioâ—…_n who_o teach_v that_o the_o commons_o be_v assign_v councelloâ—…_n to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o people_n therefore_o i_o will_v call_v in_o mâ—…_n pryn_n to_o help_v we_o with_o his_o testimony_n he_o in_o his_o booâ—…_n of_o treachery_n and_o disloyalty_n etc._n etc._n prove_v that_o before_o thâ—…_n conquest_n by_o the_o law_n of_o edward_n the_o confessoâ—…_n cap._n 17._o the_o king_n by_o his_o oath_n be_v to_o do_v justice_n 〈◊〉_d the_o council_n of_o the_o noble_n of_o his_o realm_n he_o also_o resolve_v that_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n in_o parliament_n aâ—…_n above_o the_o king_n and_o aught_o to_o bridle_v he_o when_o he_o exorâ—…tates_v from_o the_o law_n he_o further_o tell_v we_o the_o peer_n anâ—…_n prelate_n have_v oft_o translate_v the_o crown_n from_o the_o right_a heâ—…_n 1_o elect_v and_o crown_v edward_n who_o be_v illegitimate_a and_o put_v by_o ethelred_n the_o right_a heir_n after_o edgar_n decease_n 2._o elect_v and_o crown_v canutus_n a_o mere_a foreigner_n in_o opposition_n to_o edmund_n the_o right_a heir_n to_o king_n ethelred_n 3._o harold_n and_o hardiknute_n both_o elect_a king_n successive_o without_o title_n edmund_n and_o alfred_n the_o right_a heir_n be_v dispossess_v 4._o the_o english_a nobility_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o harold_n enact_v that_o none_o of_o the_o danish_a blood_n shall_v any_o more_o reign_n over_o they_o 5._o edgar_z etheling_n who_o have_v best_a title_n be_v reject_v and_o harold_n elect_v and_o crown_v king_n 6._o in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o year_n of_o edw._n 2._o the_o peer_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o land_n see_v themselves_o contemn_v entreat_v the_o king_n to_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o council_n of_o his_o baron_n he_o give_v his_o assent_n and_o swear_v to_o ratify_v what_o the_o noble_n ordain_v and_o one_o of_o their_o article_n be_v that_o he_o will_v thenceforward_o order_v all_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o the_o council_n of_o his_o clergy_n and_o lord_n 7._o william_n rufus_n find_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o noble_n against_o he_o swear_v to_o lanfranke_n that_o if_o they_o will_v choose_v he_o for_o king_n he_o will_v abrogate_v their_o overhard_a law_n 8._o the_o beginning_n say_v mr._n pryn_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o hen._n 1._o be_v observable_a henry_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n know_v you_o that_o by_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n and_o common_a council_n of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n i_o be_o crown_v king_n 9_o maud_n the_o empress_n the_o right_a heir_n be_v put_v by_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o prelate_n and_o baron_n and_o stephen_n earl_n of_o mortain_n who_o have_v no_o good_a title_n assemble_v the_o bishop_n and_o peer_n promise_v the_o amendment_n of_o the_o lawâ—…_n according_a to_o all_o their_o pleasure_n and_o like_n be_v by_o thâ—…_n all_o proclaim_v king_n 10._o lewis_n of_o france_n crown_v king_n by_o the_o baron_n in_o stead_n of_o king_n john_n all_o these_o testimony_n from_o mr._n pryn_n may_v satisfy_v that_o ancient_o the_o baron_n be_v the_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n of_o england_n and_o if_o mr._n pryn_n can_v have_v find_v so_o much_o antiquity_n and_o proof_n for_o thâ—…_n knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n be_v of_o the_o common_a council_n i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o we_o shall_v have_v hear_v from_o he_o in_o capital_a character_n but_o alas_o he_o meet_v not_o with_o so_o much_o as_o these_o name_n in_o those_o elder_a age_n he_o dare_v not_o say_v the_o baron_n be_v assign_v by_o the_o people_n councillor_n to_o the_o king_n for_o he_o tell_v we_o every_o baron_n in_o parliament_n do_v represent_v hiâ—…_n own_o person_n and_o speak_v in_o behalf_n of_o himself_o alone_o but_o in_o the_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n be_v represent_v the_o commons_o of_o the_o whole_a realm_n therefore_o every_o one_o of_o the_o commons_o have_v a_o great_a voice_n in_o parliament_n than_o the_o great_a earl_n in_o england_n nevertheless_o masteâ—…_n pryn_n will_v be_v very_o well_o content_a if_o we_o will_v admiâ—…_n and_o swallow_v these_o parliament_n of_o baron_n for_o the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o cite_v they_o or_o to_o no_o purpose_n at_o all_o but_o to_o prove_v the_o treachery_n and_o disloyalty_n of_o popish_a parliament_n prelate_n and_o peer_n to_o their_o king_n which_o iâ—…_n the_o main_a point_n that_o master_n pryn_n by_o the_o title_n of_o hiâ—…_n book_n be_v to_o make_v good_a and_o to_o prove_v as_o to_o the_o second_o point_n which_o be_v that_o until_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 1._o the_o commons_o be_v not_o call_v to_o parliament_n beside_o the_o general_a silence_n of_o antiquity_n which_o never_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o commons_o come_v to_o parliament_n until_o that_o time_n our_o history_n say_v before_o his_o time_n only_o certain_a of_o the_o nobility_n be_v call_v to_o consultation_n about_o the_o most_o important_a affair_n of_o the_o state_n he_o cause_v the_o commons_o also_o to_o be_v assemble_v by_o knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n of_o their_o own_o appointment_n much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n write_v sir_n walter_n raleigh_n say_v it_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v no_o formal_a parliament_n till_o about_o the_o 18_o year_n of_o king_n hen._n 1._o for_o in_o his_o three_o year_n for_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o daughter_n the_o king_n raise_v a_o tax_n upon_o every_o hide_n of_o land_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o privy_a council_n alone_o and_o
the_o subject_n say_v he_o soon_o after_o this_o parliament_n be_v establish_v begin_v to_o stand_v upon_o term_n with_o their_o king_n and_o draw_v from_o he_o by_o strong_a hand_n and_o their_o sword_n their_o great_a charter_n it_o be_v after_o â—…he_a establishment_n of_o the_o parliament_n by_o colour_n of_o it_o that_o â—…hey_n have_v so_o great_a dare_v if_o any_o desire_n to_o know_v the_o â—…ause_n why_o hen._n 1_o call_v the_o people_n to_o parliament_n â—…t_o be_v upon_o no_o very_a good_a occasion_n if_o we_o believe_v sir_n walter_n raleigh_n the_o grand_a charter_n say_v he_o be_v not_o original_o grant_v regal_o and_o free_o for_o king_n hen._n 1._o do_v but_o usurp_v the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o the_o â—…etter_a to_o assure_v himself_o against_o robert_n his_o elder_a brother_n â—…e_v flatter_v the_o people_n with_o those_o charter_n yea_o king_n john_n â—…hat_o confirm_v they_o have_v the_o like_a respect_n for_o arthur_n dâ—…_n britain_n be_v the_o undoubted_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n upon_o who_o john_n usurp_v so_o these_o charter_n have_v their_o original_a â—…rom_n king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la but_o not_o the_o jure_fw-la and_o then_o afterward_o his_o conclusion_n be_v that_o the_o great_a charter_n have_v â—…rst_v a_o obscure_a birth_n by_o usurpation_n and_o be_v foster_v and_o â—…ewed_v to_o the_o world_n by_o rebellion_n in_o brief_a the_o king_n calâ—…ed_v the_o people_n to_o parliament_n and_o grant_v they_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la that_o they_o may_v confirm_v to_o he_o the_o crown_n the_o three_o point_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n first_o that_o â—…he_a commons_o be_v not_o call_v unto_o parliament_n until_o hen._n 3._o day_n this_o appear_v by_o divers_a of_o the_o precâ—…dents_n former_o cite_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o baron_n weâ—…_n the_o common_a council_n for_o though_o hen._n 1._o call_v aâ—…_n the_o people_n of_o the_o land_n to_o his_o coronation_n and_o agaiâ—…_n in_o the_o 15._o or_o 18._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n yet_o always_o hâ—…_n do_v not_o so_o neither_o many_o of_o those_o king_n that_o diâ—…_n succeed_v he_o as_o appear_z before_z second_o for_o call_v the_o commons_o by_o writ_n find_v it_o acknowledge_v in_o a_o book_n entitle_v the_o privilege_n and_o practice_n of_o parliament_n in_o these_o word_n lâ—…_n ancient_a time_n after_o the_o king_n have_v summon_v his_o parliament_n innumerable_a multitude_n of_o people_n do_v maâ—…_n their_o access_n thereunto_o pretend_v that_o privilege_n â—…_n right_o to_o belong_v to_o they_o but_o king_n hen._n 3._o haviâ—…_n experience_n of_o the_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n by_o occasion_n of_o such_o popular_a confusion_n do_v take_v order_n that_o noâ—…_n may_v come_v to_o his_o parliament_n but_o those_o who_o be_v specâ—…ally_o summon_v to_o this_o purpose_n it_o be_v observe_v bâ—…_n master_n selden_n that_o the_o first_o writ_n we_o find_v accompaniâ—…_n with_o other_o circumstance_n of_o a_o summons_n to_o parliamenâ—…_n as_o well_o for_o the_o commons_o as_o lord_n be_v in_o the_o 49_o â—…_n hen._n 3._o in_o the_o like_a manner_n master_n cambden_n speak_v of_o the_o dignity_n of_o baron_n have_v these_o word_n king_n hen._n 3._o out_o of_o a_o great_a multitude_n which_o wâ—…_n seditious_a and_o turbulent_a call_v the_o very_o best_a by_o write_v â—…_n summon_v to_o parliament_n for_o he_o after_o many_o trouble_v aâ—…_n vexation_n between_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o simon_n â—…_n monefort_n with_o other_o baron_n and_o after_o appease_v dâ—…decree_n and_o ordain_v that_o all_o those_o earl_n and_o baron_n uâ—…to_o who_o the_o king_n himself_o vouchsafe_v to_o direct_v hâ—…_n writ_n of_o summons_n shall_v come_v to_o his_o parliament_n anâ—…_n no_o other_o but_o that_o which_o he_o begin_v a_o little_a before_o hâ—…_n death_n edward_n 1._o and_o his_o successor_n constant_o oâ—…served_v and_o continue_v the_o say_v prudent_a king_n edwarâ—…_n summon_v always_o those_o of_o ancient_a family_n that_o be_v most_o wise_a to_o his_o parliament_n and_o omit_v their_o son_n after_o their_o death_n if_o they_o be_v not_o answerable_a to_o their_o parent_n in_o understanding_n also_o master_n cambden_n cambden_n in_o another_o place_n say_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 1._o select_a man_n for_o wisdom_n and_o worth_n among_o the_o gentry_n be_v call_v to_o parliament_n and_o their_o posterity_n omit_v if_o they_o be_v defective_a therein_o as_o the_o power_n of_o send_v writ_n of_o summons_n for_o election_n be_v first_o exercise_v by_o hen._n 3._o so_o succeed_v king_n do_v regulate_v the_o election_n upon_o such_o writ_n as_o do_v appear_v by_o several_a statute_n which_o all_o speak_v in_o the_o name_n and_o power_n of_o the_o king_n themselves_o for_o such_o be_v the_o language_n of_o our_o forefather_n in_o 5_o ric._n 2._o c._n 4._o these_o be_v the_o word_n the_o king_n willeth_n and_o command_v all_o person_n which_o shall_v have_v summons_n to_o come_v to_o parliament_n and_o every_o person_n that_o do_v absent_v himself_o except_o he_o may_v reasonable_o and_o honest_o excuse_v he_o to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n shall_v be_v amerce_v and_o otherwise_o punish_v 7_o hen._n 4._o c._n 15._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n at_o the_o grievous_a complaint_n of_o his_o commons_o of_o the_o undue_a election_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o county_n sometime_o make_v of_o affection_n of_o sheriff_n and_o otherwise_o against_o the_o form_n of_o the_o writ_n to_o the_o great_a slander_n of_o the_o county_n etc._n etc._n our_o lord_n the_o king_n will_v therein_o to_o provide_v remedy_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o have_v ordain_v that_o election_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o the_o full_a county-court_n and_o that_o all_o that_o be_v there_o present_a as_o well_o suitor_n as_o other_o shall_v proceed_v to_o the_o election_n free_o notwithstanding_o any_o request_n or_o command_v to_o the_o contrary_a 11_o hen._n 4._o c._n 1._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n ordain_v that_o a_o sheriff_n that_o make_v a_o undue_a return_n etc._n etc._n shall_v incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o 100_o l._n to_o be_v pay_v to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n 1_o h._n 5._o c._n 1._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o special_a instance_n and_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o ordain_v that_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n be_v not_o choose_v unless_o they_o be_v resiant_a within_o the_o shire_n the_o day_n of_o the_o date_n of_o the_o writ_n and_o that_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v resiant_a dwell_v and_o free_a in_o the_o the_o same_o city_n and_o burrough_n and_o no_o other_o in_o any_o wise_a 6_o hen._n 6._o c._n 4._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n willing_a to_o provide_v remedy_n for_o knight_n choose_v for_o parliament_n and_o sheriff_n have_v ordain_v that_o they_o shall_v have_v their_o answer_n and_o traverse_v to_o inquest_n of_o office_n find_v against_o they_o 8_o hen._n 6._o c._n 7._o whereas_o election_n of_o knight_n have_v be_v make_v by_o great_a outrages_a and_o excessive_a number_n of_o people_n of_o which_o most_o part_n be_v of_o people_n of_o no_o value_n whereof_o every_o of_o they_o pretend_v a_o voice_n equivalent_a to_o worthy_a knight_n and_o esquire_n whereby_o manslaughter_n riot_n and_o division_n among_o gentleman_n shall_v likely_o be_v our_o lord_n the_o king_n have_v ordain_v that_o knight_n of_o shire_n be_v choose_v by_o people_n dwell_v in_o the_o county_n every_o of_o they_o have_v land_n or_o tenement_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 2_o l._n the_o year_n at_o the_o least_o and_o that_o he_o that_o shall_v be_v choose_v shall_v be_v dwell_v and_o resiant_a within_o the_o county_n 10._o h._n 6._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n ordain_v that_o knightâ—…_n be_v choose_v by_o people_n dwell_v and_o have_v 2_o l._n by_o the_o year_n within_o the_o same_o county_n 11_o h._n 6._o c._n 11._o the_o king_n willing_a to_o provide_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o they_o that_o come_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o counsel_n of_o the_o king_n by_o his_o commandment_n have_v ordain_v that_o if_o any_o assault_n or_o fray_n be_v make_v on_o they_o that_o comâ—…_n to_o parliament_n or_o other_o council_n of_o the_o king_n the_o parâ—…_n which_o make_v any_o such_o affray_n or_o assault_n shall_v pay_v doublâ—…_n damage_n and_o make_v fine_a and_o ransom_n at_o the_o king_n wilâ—…_n 23._o h._n 6._o c._n 15._o the_o king_n consider_v the_o statute_n of_o 1_o h._n 5._o c._n 1._o &_o 8._o hen._n 6._o c._n 7._o and_o the_o default_n of_o sheriff_n in_o return_v knight_n citizens_z and_o burgess_n ordain_v 1._o that_o the_o say_a statute_n shall_v be_v due_o keep_v 2._o that_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v deliver_v precept_n to_o major_n and_o bailiff_n to_o choose_v citizen_n and_o burgess_n 3._o the_o penalty_n of_o 100_o l._n for_o a_o sheriff_n make_v a_o untrue_a return_n concern_v the_o election_n of_o
westminster_n and_o at_o the_o dissolution_n be_v translate_v to_o the_o king_n chapel_n at_o whitehall_n also_o i_o read_v that_o westminster-hall_n be_v out_o of_o repair_n ric._n 2._o cause_v a_o large_a house_n to_o be_v build_v betwixt_o the_o clock-tower_n and_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o great_a old_a hall_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o palace_n court_n the_o house_n be_v long_o and_o large_a make_v of_o timber_n cover_v with_o tile_n open_a on_o both_o side_n that_o all_o may_v see_v and_o hear_v what_o be_v both_o say_v and_o do_v four_o thousand_o archer_n of_o cheshire_n which_o be_v the_o king_n own_o guard_n attend_v on_o that_o house_n and_o have_v bouche_fw-fr a_o court_n and_o 6_o d._n by_o the_o day_n three_o he_o say_v the_o commons_o be_v to_o choose_v their_o speaker_n but_o see_v after_o their_o choice_n the_o king_n may_v refuse_v he_o the_o use_n be_v as_o in_o the_o congee_n d'eslire_fw-la of_o a_o bishop_n that_o the_o king_n do_v name_v a_o discreet_a learned_a man_n who_o the_o commons_o elect_v when_o the_o commons_o have_v choose_v the_o king_n may_v allow_v of_o his_o excuse_n and_o disallow_v he_o as_o sir_n john_n popham_n be_v say_v his_o margin_n four_o he_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o parliament_n four_o justice_n assistant_n and_o two_o civilianâ—…_n master_n of_o the_o chancery_n be_v appoint_v receiver_n 〈◊〉_d petition_n which_o be_v to_o be_v deliver_v within_o six_o day_n follow_v and_o six_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o two_o bishop_n call_v to_o they_o the_o king_n learned_a council_n when_o neeâ—…_n shall_v be_v to_o be_v tryer_n of_o the_o say_a petition_n whether_o theâ—…_n be_v reasonable_a good_a and_o necessary_a to_o be_v offer_v and_o propound_v to_o the_o lord_n he_o do_v not_o say_v that_o any_o 〈◊〉_d the_o commons_o be_v either_o receiver_n or_o tryer_n 〈◊〉_d petition_n nor_o that_o the_o petition_n be_v to_o be_v propound_v to_o they_o but_o to_o the_o lord_n five_o he_o teach_v we_o that_o a_o knight_n citizen_z 〈◊〉_d burgess_n can_v make_v a_o proxy_n because_o he_o be_v electeâ—…_n and_o trust_v by_o multitude_n of_o people_n here_o a_o questioâ—…_n may_v be_v whether_o a_o committee_n if_o it_o be_v trust_v to_o 〈◊〉_d any_o thing_n be_v not_o a_o proxy_n since_o he_o say_v the_o hiâ—…_n power_n of_o parliament_n to_o be_v commit_v to_o a_o few_o be_v holdâ—…_n to_o be_v against_o the_o dignity_n of_o parliament_n and_o that_o 〈◊〉_d such_o commission_n ought_v to_o be_v grant_v six_o he_o say_v the_o king_n can_v take_v notice_n of_o 〈◊〉_d thing_n say_v or_o do_v in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o but_o by_o 〈◊〉_d report_n of_o the_o house_n sure_o if_o the_o commons_o saâ—…_n with_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o king_n be_v present_a 〈◊〉_d may_v take_v notice_n of_o what_o be_v do_v in_o his_o presence_n and_o i_o read_v in_o vowel_n that_o the_o old_a usage_n wâ—…_n that_o all_o the_o degree_n of_o parliament_n sit_v together_o 〈◊〉_d every_o man_n that_o have_v there_o to_o speak_v do_v it_o open_o befâ—…_n the_o king_n and_o his_o whole_a parliament_n in_o the_o 35_o eliz._n there_o be_v a_o report_n that_o the_o commons_o be_v against_o the_o subsidy_n which_o be_v toâ—…_n the_o queen_n whereupon_o sir_n henry_n knivet_n say_v it_o shall_v be_v a_o thing_n answerable_a at_o the_o bar_n for_o any_o man_n to_o report_v any_o thing_n of_o speech_n or_o matter_n do_v in_o the_o house_n sir_n john_n wolley_n like_v the_o motion_n of_o secrecy_n except_o only_o the_o queen_n from_o who_o he_o say_v there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o keep_v any_o thing_n and_o sir_n robert_n cecil_n do_v allow_v that_o the_o council_n of_o the_o house_n shall_v be_v secret_o keep_v and_o nothing_o report_v in_o malam_fw-la partem_fw-la but_o if_o the_o meaning_n be_v that_o they_o may_v not_o report_v any_o thing_n do_v here_o to_o the_o queen_n he_o be_v altogether_o against_o it_o seven_o he_o vouch_v a_o enditement_n or_o information_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n against_o 39_o of_o the_o commons_o for_o depart_v without_o licence_n from_o parliament_n contrary_a to_o the_o king_n inhibition_n whereof_o six_o submit_v to_o their_o fine_n and_o edmund_n ployden_n plead_v he_o remain_v continual_o from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o parliament_n note_v he_o do_v not_o plead_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n but_o plead_v his_o constant_a attendance_n in_o parliament_n which_o be_v a_o acknowledgement_n and_o submit_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o that_o court_n and_o have_v be_v a_o unpardonable_a betray_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n by_o so_o learned_a a_o lawyer_n if_o his_o case_n ought_v only_o to_o be_v try_v in_o parliament_n eight_o he_o resolve_v that_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n in_o their_o house_n have_v power_n of_o judicature_n and_o the_o commons_o in_o their_o house_n and_o both_o house_n together_o he_o bring_v record_n to_o prove_v the_o power_n of_o judicature_n of_o both_o house_n together_o but_o not_o of_o either_o of_o they_o by_o itself_o he_o cite_v the_o 33_o edw._n 1._o for_o the_o judicature_n of_o both_o house_n together_o where_o nicholas_n de_fw-fr segrave_n be_v adjudge_v per_fw-la praelatos_fw-la comites_fw-la &_o barones_n &_o alios_fw-la de_fw-la concilio_n by_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o other_o of_o the_o council_n here_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o commons_o other_o of_o thâ—…_n council_n may_v mean_v the_o king_n privy_a council_n 〈◊〉_d his_o council_n learned_a in_o the_o law_n which_o be_v call_v by_o their_o writ_n to_o give_v counsel_n but_o so_o be_v not_o the_o commons_o the_o judgement_n itself_o say_v nicholâ—…_n de_fw-fr segrave_n confess_v his_o fault_n in_o parliament_n and_o submit_v himself_o to_o the_o king_n will_v thereupoâ—…_n the_o king_n willing_a to_o have_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o earlâ—…_n baron_n great_a man_n and_o other_o of_o his_o council_n enjoin_v they_o by_o the_o homage_n fealty_n and_o allegâ—…ance_n which_o they_o owe_v that_o they_o shall_v faithful_a counsel_v he_o what_o punishment_n shall_v be_v inflicteâ—…_n for_o such_o a_o fact_n who_o all_o advise_v diligent_o saâ—…_n that_o such_o a_o fact_n deserve_v loss_n of_o life_n and_o memberâ—…_n thus_o the_o lord_n we_o see_v do_v but_o advise_v the_o kinâ—…_n what_o judgement_n to_o give_v against_o he_o that_o deserteâ—…_n the_o king_n camp_n to_o fight_v a_o duel_n in_o france_n nine_o he_o say_v of_o late_a time_n see_v divers_a not_o abâ—…_n judgement_n at_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o commons_o by_o tâ—…_n lord_n where_o the_o commons_o be_v prosecutor_n theâ—…_n be_v no_o judge_n but_o as_o he_o term_v they_o generâ—…_n inquisitor_n or_o the_o grand_a inquest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n thâ—…_n judgement_n he_o cite_v be_v but_o in_o king_n james_n his_o dayeâ—…_n and_o no_o elder_a ten_o also_o he_o tell_v we_o of_o the_o judicature_n in_o tâ—…_n house_n of_o commons_o alone_o his_o most_o ancient_a precedenâ—…_n be_v but_o in_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n of_o one_o tho._n lonâ—…_n who_o give_v the_o mayor_n of_o westbury_n 10_o l._n to_o be_v electâ—…_n burgess_n eleven_o he_o have_v a_o section_n entitle_v the_o housâ—…_n of_o commons_o to_o many_o purpose_n a_o distinct_a court_n anâ—…_n say_v nota_fw-la the_o house_n of_o commons_o to_o many_o purpose_n 〈◊〉_d distinct_a court_n of_o those_o many_o purpose_n he_o tell_v but_o one_o that_o be_v it_o use_v to_o adjourn_v itself_o commissioner_n thaâ—…_n be_v but_o to_o examine_v witness_n may_v adjourn_v themselves_o yet_o be_v no_o court._n twelve_o he_o handle_v the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n where_o the_o great_a wonder_n be_v that_o this_o great_a master_n of_o â—…he_a law_n who_o have_v be_v oft_o a_o parliament-man_n can_v â—…ind_v no_o other_o nor_o more_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n â—…ut_v one_o and_o that_o be_v freedom_n from_o arrest_n which_o he_o â—…aith_o hold_v unless_o in_o three_o case_n treason_n felony_n and_o â—…he_a peace_n and_o for_o this_o freedom_n from_o arrest_n he_o cite_v ancient_a precedent_n for_o all_o those_o in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n but_o he_o bring_v not_o one_o precedent_n at_o all_o for_o the_o commons_o freedom_n from_o arrest_n it_o be_v behooful_a for_o a_o freeholder_n to_o consider_v what_o power_n be_v in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n for_o although_o the_o freeholder_n have_v no_o voice_n in_o the_o election_n of_o the_o lord_n yet_o if_o the_o power_n of_o that_o house_n extend_v to_o make_v ordinance_n that_o bind_v the_o freeholders_n it_o be_v necessary_a for_o he_o to_o inquire_v what_o and_o whence_o that_o power_n be_v and_o how_o far_o it_o reach_v the_o chief_a writ_n of_o â—…ummons_n to_o the_o peer_n be_v in_o these_o word_n carolus_n dei_fw-la gratia_n etc._n etc._n reverendissimo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la
be_v king_n in_o fact_n and_o king_n themselves_o to_o be_v but_o subject_n we_o read_v in_o sir_n roâ—…ert_n cotton_n that_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o â—…he_v first_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a king_n parliament_n stand_v 〈◊〉_d custom-grace_n fix_v to_o easter_n whitsuntide_n and_o christmas_n and_o that_o at_o the_o king_n court_n or_o palace_n parliament_n sit_v in_o the_o presence_n or_o privy_a chamber_n from_o whence_o he_o infer_v a_o improbability_n to_o believe_v the_o king_n exclude_v his_o own_o presence_n and_o unmannerly_a fâ—…_n guest_n to_o bar_v he_o their_o company_n who_o give_v they_o theâ—…_n entertainment_n and_o although_o now_o a-days_o the_o parliament_n sit_v not_o in_o the_o court_n where_o the_o king_n housholâ—…_n remain_v yet_o still_o even_o to_o this_o day_n to_o show_v that_o parliament_n be_v the_o king_n guest_n the_o lord_n steward_n oâ—…_n the_o king_n household_n keep_v a_o stand_a table_n to_o entertain_v the_o peer_n during_o the_o sit_v of_o parliament_n and_o he_o alone_o or_o some_o from_o or_o under_o he_o as_o the_o treasurer_n or_o comptroller_n of_o the_o king_n household_n takeâ—…_n the_o oath_n of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commoâ—…_n the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o parliament_n sir_n richard_n sâ—…roop_v steward_n of_o the_o household_n seldâ—…_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o lord_n sit_v in_o full_a parliament_n iâ—…_n the_o great_a chamber_n put_v i._o lord_n gomeniz_n and_o william_n weston_n to_o answer_v several_o to_o accusation_n broughâ—…_n against_o they_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o king_n presence_n in_o parliamenâ—…_n appear_v by_o the_o desire_n of_o parliament_n themselves_o iâ—…former_n time_n and_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o sir_n robert_n cottoâ—…_n prove_v by_o several_a precedent_n whence_o he_o concludeâ—…_n that_o in_o the_o consultation_n of_o state_n and_o decision_n of_o private_a plaint_n it_o be_v clear_a from_o all_o time_n the_o king_n wâ—…_n not_o only_o present_a to_o advise_v but_o to_o determine_v also_o whensoever_o the_o king_n be_v present_a all_o power_n of_o judge_v which_o be_v derive_v from_o his_o cease_v the_o vote_n of_o the_o lord_n may_v serve_v for_o matter_n of_o advice_n the_o finaâ—…_n judgement_n be_v only_o the_o king_n indeed_o of_o late_a year_n queen_n marry_o and_o queen_n elizabeth_n by_o reason_n of_o theiâ—…_n sex_n be_v not_o so_o fit_a for_o public_a assembly_n have_v bring_v it_o out_o of_o use_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o be_v comâ—…_n to_o pass_v that_o many_o thing_n which_o be_v in_o former_a time_n act_v by_o king_n themselves_o have_v of_o late_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o peer_n who_o in_o quality_n of_o judge_n extraordinary_a be_v permit_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o king_n and_o in_o his_o absence_n to_o determine_v such_o matter_n as_o be_v proper_o bring_v before_o the_o king_n himself_o sit_v in_o person_n attend_v with_o his_o great_a council_n of_o prelate_n and_o peer_n and_o the_o ordinance_n that_o be_v make_v there_o receive_v their_o establishment_n either_o from_o the_o king_n presence_n in_o parliament_n where_o his_o chair_n of_o state_n be_v constant_o place_v or_o at_o least_o from_o the_o confirmation_n of_o he_o who_o in_o all_o court_n and_o in_o all_o cause_n be_v supreme_a judge_n all_o judgement_n be_v by_o or_o under_o he_o it_o can_v be_v without_o much_o less_o against_o his_o approbation_n the_o king_n only_o and_o none_o but_o he_o if_o he_o be_v able_a shall_v judge_v all_o cause_n say_v bracton_n that_o ancient_a chief_a justice_n in_o hen._n 3._o time_n a_o ancient_a precedent_n i_o meet_v with_o cite_v by_o master_n selden_n of_o a_o judicial_a proceed_v in_o a_o criminal_a cause_n of_o the_o baron_n before_o the_o conquest_n wherein_o i_o observe_v the_o king_n will_n be_v that_o the_o lord_n shall_v be_v judge_n â—…n_o the_o cause_n wherein_o himself_o be_v a_o party_n and_o heâ—…atified_v â—…atified_z their_o proceed_v the_o case_n be_v thus_o earl_n godwin_n have_v have_v a_o trial_n before_o the_o lord_n under_o king_n hardicanute_n touch_v the_o death_n of_o alfred_n son_n to_o king_n ethelbert_n and_o brother_n to_o he_o who_o be_v afterward_o edward_n the_o confessor_n have_v flee_v out_o of_o england_n and_o upon_o his_o return_n with_o hope_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n favour_n he_o solicit_v the_o lord_n â—…o_v intercede_v for_o he_o with_o the_o king_n who_o consult_v together_o bring_v godwin_n with_o they_o before_o the_o king_n to_o obtain_v his_o grace_n and_o favour_n but_o the_o king_n â—…resently_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o behold_v he_o say_v thou_o traitor_n godwin_n i_o do_v appeal_v thou_o of_o the_o death_n of_o my_o brother_n alfred_n who_o thou_o have_v most_o traitorous_o slay_v then_o godwin_n excuse_v it_o answer_v my_o lord_n the_o king_n may_v it_o please_v your_o grace_n i_o neither_o betray_v nor_o kill_v your_o brother_n whereof_o i_o put_v myself_o upon_o the_o judgement_n of_o your_o court_n then_o the_o king_n say_v you_o noble_a lord_n earls_z and_o baron_n of_o the_o land_n who_o be_v my_o liege_n man_n now_o gather_v here_o together_o and_o have_v hear_v my_o appeal_n and_o godwin_n answer_v i_o will_v that_o in_o this_o appeal_n between_o we_o you_o decree_v right_a judgement_n and_o do_v true_a justice._n the_o earl_n and_o baron_n treat_v of_o this_o among_o themselves_o be_v of_o differ_v judgement_n some_o say_v that_o godwin_n be_v never_o bind_v to_o the_o king_n either_o by_o homage_n service_n or_o fealty_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v his_o traitor_n and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o slay_v alfred_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n other_o say_v that_o neither_o earl_n nor_o baron_n nor_o any_o other_o subject_a of_o the_o king_n can_v wage_v his_o war_n by_o law_n against_o the_o king_n in_o his_o appeal_n but_o most_o whole_o put_v himself_o into_o the_o king_n mercy_n and_o offer_v competent_a amends_o then_o leofric_n consul_n of_o chester_n a_o good_a man_n before_o god_n and_o the_o world_n say_v earl_n godwin_n next_o to_o the_o king_n be_v a_o man_n of_o the_o best_a parentage_n of_o all_o england_n and_o he_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o by_o his_o counsel_n alfred_n the_o king_n brother_n be_v slay_v therefore_o for_o my_o part_n i_o consider_v that_o he_o and_o his_o son_n and_o all_o we_o twelve_o earl_n who_o be_v his_o friend_n and_o kinsman_n do_v go_v humble_o before_o the_o king_n lade_v with_o so_o much_o gold_n and_o silver_n as_o each_o of_o we_o can_v carry_v in_o our_o arm_n offer_v he_o that_o for_o his_o offence_n and_o humble_o pray_v for_o pardon_n and_o he_o will_v pardon_v the_o earl_n and_o take_v his_o homage_n and_o fealty_n will_v restore_v he_o all_o his_o land_n all_o they_o in_o this_o form_n lade_n themselves_o with_o treasure_n and_o come_v to_o the_o king_n do_v show_v the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o their_o consideration_n to_o which_o the_o king_n not_o willing_a to_o contradict_v do_v ratify_v all_o that_o they_o have_v judge_v 23_o hen._n 2._o in_o lent_n there_o be_v a_o assembly_n of_o all_o the_o spiritual_a and_o temporal_a baron_n at_o westminster_n selden_n for_o the_o determination_n of_o that_o great_a contention_n between_o alfonso_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o sancho_n king_n of_o navarre_n touch_v divers_a castle_n and_o territory_n in_o spain_n which_o be_v by_o compromise_n submit_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o king_n consult_v with_o his_o bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n determine_v it_o as_o he_o say_v himself_o in_o the_o first_o person_n in_o the_o exemplification_n of_o the_o judgement_n 2_o of_o king_n john_n also_o that_o great_a controversy_n touch_v the_o barony_n that_o william_n of_o mowbray_n claim_v against_o william_n of_o stutvil_n which_o have_v depend_v from_o the_o time_n of_o king_n hen._n 2._o be_v end_v by_o the_o council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o will_v of_o the_o king_n concilio_n regni_fw-la &_o voluntate_fw-la regis_fw-la the_o lord_n in_o parliament_n adjudge_v william_n de_fw-fr weston_n to_o death_n for_o surrender_v barwick_n castle_n but_o for_o selden_n that_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v not_o inform_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o judgement_n the_o constable_n of_o the_o tower_n allen_n buxall_n be_v command_v safe_o to_o keep_v the_o say_a william_n until_o he_o have_v other_o commandment_n from_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n 4_o ric._n 2._o also_o the_o lord_n adjudge_v john_n lord_n of_o gomentz_n for_o surrender_v the_o town_n and_o castle_n of_o ardee_n selden_n and_o for_o that_o he_o be_v a_o gentleman_n and_o bannaret_n and_o have_v serve_v the_o late_a king_n he_o shall_v be_v behead_v and_o for_o that_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v not_o inform_v of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o judgement_n the_o execution_n thereof_o
the_o king_n at_o his_o parliament_n of_o his_o special_a grace_n and_o for_o affection_n which_o he_o bear_v to_o his_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o other_o have_v grant_v that_o they_o that_o have_v liberty_n by_o prescription_n shall_v enjoy_v they_o in_o the_o stat._n de_fw-fr finibus_fw-la levatis_fw-la the_o king_n word_n be_v we_o intend_v to_o provide_v remedy_n in_o our_o parliament_n have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n 28._o edw._n 1._o c._n 5._o the_o king_n will_n that_o the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n shall_v follow_v he_o so_o that_o he_o may_v have_v at_o all_o time_n some_o near_o unto_o he_o thaâ—…_n be_v learn_v in_o the_o law_n and_o in_o chap._n 24._o the_o word_n be_v our_o lord_n the_o king_n after_o full_a conference_n and_o debate_n have_v with_o his_o earl_n baron_n noble_n and_o other_o great_a man_n by_o their_o whole_a consent_n have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n the_o stat._n de_fw-la tallagio_n if_o any_o such_o statute_n there_o be_v speak_v in_o the_o king_n person_n no_o officer_n of_o we_o no_o tallage_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o we_o we_o will_v and_o grant_n 1._o edw._n 2._o begin_v thus_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n willeth_n and_o command_v the_o stat._n of_o 9_o the_o same_o king_n sai_z our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o other_o great_a state_n have_v ordain_v 10._o edw._n 2._o it_o be_v provide_v by_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n the_o stat._n of_o carlisle_n say_v we_o have_v send_v our_o command_n in_o write_v firm_o to_o be_v observe_v 1._o edw._n 3._o begin_v thus_o king_n edw._n 3._o at_o his_o parliament_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commonalty_n by_o their_o petition_n before_o he_o and_o his_o council_n in_o parliament_n have_v grant_v etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o 5_o chap._n the_o king_n will_v that_o no_o man_n be_v charge_v to_o arm_v himself_o otherwise_o than_o he_o be_v wont_a 5._o edw._n 3._o our_o lord_n the_o king_n at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o people_n have_v establish_v these_o thing_n which_o he_o will_v to_o be_v keep_v 9_o of_o the_o same_o king_n there_o be_v this_o title_n our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n etc._n etc._n and_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n be_v there_o have_v ordain_v etc._n etc._n in_o his_o 10_o year_n it_o be_v say_v because_o our_o lord_n king_n edw._n 3._o have_v receive_v by_o the_o complaint_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n also_o at_o the_o show_v of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o his_o commons_o by_o their_o petition_n put_v in_o his_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n have_v ordain_v by_o the_o assent_n etc._n etc._n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o say_a knight_n and_o commons_o etc._n etc._n the_o same_o year_n in_o another_o parliament_n you_o may_v find_v these_o be_v the_o article_n accord_v by_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n etc._n etc._n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o the_o commons_o by_o their_o petition_n â—…ut_o in_o the_o say_a parliament_n in_o the_o year-book_n 22_o edw._n 3._o 3._o pl._n 25._o it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n make_v the_o law_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o peer_n and_o commons_o and_o not_o the_o peer_n and_o commons_o the_o stat._n of_o 1._o ric._n 2._o have_v this_o beginning_n richâ—…d_v the_o 2._o by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n duke_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o at_o the_o instance_n and_o special_a request_n of_o â—…_n commons_o ordain_v there_o be_v a_o statute_n make_v 5_o ric._n 2._o c._n 5._o against_o lollard_n in_o the_o next_o year_n the_o commons_o petition_v he_o suppliant_a les_fw-fr commons_o que_fw-fr come_v un_fw-fr estatute_n fuit_fw-la fait_fw-fr etc._n etc._n the_o commons_o beseech_v that_o whereas_o a_o statute_n be_v make_v in_o the_o last_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v never_o assent_v to_o nor_o grant_v by_o the_o commons_o but_o that_o which_o be_v do_v therein_o be_v do_v without_o their_o assent_n in_o this_o petition_n the_o commons_o acknowledge_v it_o a_o statute_n and_o so_o call_v it_o though_o they_o assent_v not_o to_o it_o 17_o ric._n 2._o nu_fw-la 44._o the_o commons_o desire_v some_o pursue_v to_o make_v a_o law_n which_o they_o conceive_v hurtful_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o his_o majesty_n will_v not_o pass_v it_o as_o for_o the_o parliament_n in_o hen._n 4._o hen._n 5._o hen._n 6._o edw._n 4._o and_o ric._n 3._o reign_n the_o most_o of_o they_o do_v agree_v in_o this_o one_o title_n our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o at_o the_o special_a instance_n and_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o have_v ordain_v the_o precedent_n in_o this_o point_n be_v so_o numerous_a that_o it_o be_v endless_a to_o cite_v they_o the_o statute_n in_o hen._n 7._o day_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n agree_v both_o in_o the_o title_n and_o body_n of_o the_o act_n in_o these_o word_n our_o lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o iâ—…_n parliament_n assemble_v and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o have_v ordain_v unto_o this_o king_n time_n we_o find_v the_o commons_o very_o often_o petition_v but_o not_o petition_v unto_o the_o first_o petition_n make_v to_o the_o commons_o that_o i_o meet_v with_o among_o the_o statute_n be_v but_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o king_n hen_n 7._o reign_n which_o be_v so_o well_o approve_v that_o the_o petition_n itself_o be_v turn_v into_o â—…_n statute_n it_o begin_v thus_o to_o the_o right_a worshipfuâ—…_n commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v show_v to_o your_o discreet_a wisdom_n the_o warden_n of_o the_o fellowship_n of_o the_o craft_n of_o upholster_n within_o london_n etc._n etc._n this_o petition_n though_o it_o be_v direct_v to_o the_o commons_o in_o the_o title_n yet_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o petition_n be_v turn_v to_o the_o king_n and_o not_o to_o the_o commons_o for_o it_o conclude_v therefore_o it_o may_v please_v the_o king_n highness_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o his_o commons_o in_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n next_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o hen._n 8._o they_o do_v most_o part_n agree_v both_o in_o their_o title_n and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n with_o those_o of_o his_o father_n king_n hen._n 7._o last_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o edw._n 6._o qu._n marry_o q._n elizabeth_n k._n james_n and_o of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n that_o now_o be_v there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v in_o their_o title_n of_o any_o assent_n of_o lord_n and_o commons_o or_o of_o any_o ordain_v by_o the_o king_n but_o only_o in_o general_a term_n it_o be_v say_v act_v make_v in_o parliament_n or_o thus_o at_o the_o parliament_n be_v enact_v yet_o in_o the_o body_n of_o many_o of_o these_o act_n of_o these_o last_o prince_n there_o be_v sometime_o mention_v make_v of_o consent_n of_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o these_o or_o the_o like_a word_n it_o be_v enact_v by_o the_o king_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o except_o only_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o our_o lord_n king_n charles_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n that_o i_o can_v find_v of_o any_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o or_o ordain_v by_o the_o king_n but_o the_o word_n be_v be_v it_o enact_v by_o authority_n of_o parliament_n or_o else_o be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o king_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o commons_o as_o if_o they_o be_v all_o fellow-commissioner_n thus_o it_o appear_v that_o even_o till_o the_o time_n of_o k._n ed._n 6._o who_o live_v but_o in_o our_o father_n day_n it_o be_v punctual_o express_v in_o every_o king_n law_n that_o the_o statute_n &_o ordinance_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o withal_o we_o may_v see_v by_o what_o degree_n the_o style_n and_o title_n oâ—…_n act_n of_o parliament_n have_v be_v vary_v and_o to_o who_o disadvantage_n the_o high_a we_o look_v the_o more_o absolute_a we_o find_v the_o power_n of_o king_n in_o ordaininâ—…_n law_n nor_o do_v we_o meet_v with_o at_o first_o so_o much_o as_o thâ—…_n assent_v or_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n mention_v nay_o 〈◊〉_d we_o cast_v our_o eye_n upon_o many_o statute_n of_o those_o that_o bâ—…_n of_o most_o antiquity_n they_o will_v appear_v as_o if_o they_o weâ—…_n no_o law_n at_o all_o but_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v make_v only_o to_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o punishment_n of_o many_o offencâ—…_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o mere_a pleasure_n of_o king_n the_o punitive_a part_n of_o the_o law_n which_o give_v all_o the_o vigoâ—…_n and_o bind_v power_n to_o the_o law_n we_o find_v commit_v by_o the_o
statute_n to_o the_o king_n mere_a will_n and_o pleasure_n as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o law_n at_o all_o i_o will_v offer_v a_o few_o precedent_n to_o the_o point_n 3_o edw._n 1._o c._n 9_o say_v that_o sheriff_n coroner_n aâ—…_n bailiff_n for_o conceal_v of_o felony_n shall_v make_v grievoâ—…_n fines_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n chap._n 13._o ordain_v that_o such_o as_o be_v find_v culpablâ—…_n of_o ravish_v of_o woman_n shall_v fine_a at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n chap._n 15._o say_v the_o penalty_n for_o detain_v a_o prisoâ—…er_a that_o be_v mainpernable_a be_v a_o fine_a at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n or_o a_o grievous_a amercement_n to_o the_o king_n and_o he_o thâ—…_n shall_v take_v reward_n for_o deliverance_n of_o such_o shall_v be_v at_o thâ—…_n great_a mercy_n of_o the_o king_n chap._n 20._o offender_n in_o park_n or_o pond_n shall_v maâ—…_n fines_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n chap._n 25._o committer_n of_o champerty_n and_o extortioner_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n chap._n 31._o purveyor_n not_o pay_v for_o what_o they_o takâ—…_n shall_v be_v grievous_o punish_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n chap._n 32._o the_o king_n shall_v punish_v grievous_o the_o sheriff_n and_o he_o that_o do_v maintain_v quarrel_n chap._n 37._o the_o king_n shall_v grant_v attaint_n in_o plea_n of_o land_n where_o it_o shall_v seem_v to_o he_o necessary_a 7_o edw._n 1._o say_v whereas_o of_o late_a before_o certain_a person_n depute_v to_o treat_v upon_o debate_n between_o we_o and_o certain_a great_a man_n it_o be_v accord_v that_o in_o our_o next_o parliament_n provision_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o we_o and_o the_o common_a assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n that_o in_o all_o parliament_n for_o ever_o every_o man_n shall_v come_v without_o force_n and_o armour_n and_o now_o in_o our_o next_o parliament_n the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o commonalty_n have_v say_v that_o to_o we_o it_o belong_v through_o our_o royal_a signory_n strait_o to_o defend_v force_n of_o armour_n at_o all_o time_n when_o it_o shall_v please_v we_o and_o to_o punish_v they_o which_o shall_v do_v otherwise_o and_o hereunto_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o aid_v we_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n at_o all_o season_n when_o need_n shall_v be_v 13_o edw._n 1._o taker_n away_o of_o nun_n from_o religious_a house_n fine_v at_o the_o king_n will._n if_o by_o the_o default_n of_o the_o lord_n that_o will_v not_o avoid_v the_o dike_n underwoods_n and_o bush_n in_o highway_n murder_n be_v do_v the_o lord_n shall_v make_v fine_a at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n 28_o edw._n 1._o if_o a_o goldsmith_n be_v attaint_v for_o not_o assay_v touch_v and_o work_v vessel_n of_o gold_n he_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o ransom_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n 2_o hen._n 4._o the_o commons_o desire_v they_o may_v have_v answer_n of_o their_o petition_n before_o the_o gift_n of_o any_o subsidy_n to_o which_o the_o king_n answer_v he_o will_v confer_v with_o the_o lord_n and_o do_v what_o shall_v be_v best_o according_a to_o their_o adâ—…ice_n and_o the_o last_o day_n of_o parliament_n he_o give_v this_o anâ—…er_n that_o that_o manner_n of_o do_v have_v not_o be_v see_v nor_o use_v in_o no_o time_n of_o his_o progenitor_n or_o predecessor_n that_o they_o shall_v have_v any_o answer_n of_o then_o petition_n or_o knowledge_n of_o it_o before_o they_o have_v show_v and_o finish_v all_o their_o other_o business_n of_o parliament_n be_v it_o of_o any_o grant_n business_n or_o otherwise_o and_o therefore_o the_o king_n will_v not_o in_o any_o way_n change_v the_o good_a custom_n and_o usage_n make_v and_o use_v of_o ancient_a time_n 5_o hen._n 4._o c._n 6._o whereas_o one_o savage_a do_v beat_n and_o maim_v one_o richard_n chedder_n esquire_n menial_a servanâ—…_n to_o tho._n brook_n knight_n of_o the_o shire_n for_o somersetshire_n the_o statute_n say_v savage_n shall_v make_v fine_a and_o ransom_n at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n 8_o hen._n 4._o it_o be_v say_v potestas_fw-la principis_fw-la non_fw-fr est_fw-la inclusa_fw-la legibus_fw-la the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v not_o include_v in_o the_o law_n 13_o hen._n 4._o nu_fw-la 20._o we_o read_v of_o a_o restitution_n iâ—…_n blood_n and_o land_n of_o william_n lasenby_n by_o the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o commons_o omit_v the_o lord_n temporal_a 2_o hen._n 5._o in_o a_o law_n make_v there_o be_v a_o clause_n that_o it_o be_v the_o king_n regalty_n to_o grant_v or_o deny_v such_o of_o their_o petition_n as_o please_v himself_o 6_o hen._n 6._o c._n 6._o a_o ordinance_n be_v make_v for_o to_o endure_v as_o long_o as_o it_o shall_v please_v the_o king_n 11_o hen._n 7._o c._n 1._o have_v this_o law_n the_o king_n oâ—…_n sovereign_a lord_n call_v to_o his_o remembrance_n the_o duty_n of_o allegiance_n of_o his_o subject_n of_o this_o his_o realm_n and_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o same_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o serve_v their_o prince_n and_o sovereign_a lord_n for_o the_o time_n be_v in_o his_o war_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o he_o and_o the_o land_n against_o every_o rebellion_n power_n and_o may_v rear_v against_o he_o and_o with_o he_o to_o enter_v and_o abide_v in_o service_n in_o battle_n if_o case_n so_o require_v and_o that_o for_o the_o same_o service_n what_o fortune_n ever_o fall_v by_o chance_n in_o the_o same_o battle_n against_o the_o mind_n and_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n as_o in_o this_o land_n some_o time_n past_a have_v be_v see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a but_o against_o all_o law_n reason_n and_o good_a conscience_n that_o the_o say_v subject_n go_v with_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n in_o war_n attend_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o person_n or_o be_v in_o other_o place_n by_o his_o commandment_n within_o the_o land_n or_o without_o any_o thing_n shall_v lose_v or_o forfeit_v for_o do_v their_o true_a duty_n and_o service_n of_o allegiance_n be_v it_o therefore_o enact_v that_o no_o person_n that_o shall_v attend_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o do_v he_o true_a service_n shall_v be_v attaint_v therefore_o of_o treason_n or_o any_o other_o offence_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o otherwise_o also_o the_o 18_o chap._n of_o the_o same_o year_n say_v where_o every_o subject_a by_o the_o duty_n of_o his_o allegiance_n be_v bind_v to_o serve_v and_o assist_v his_o prince_n and_o sovereign_a lord_n at_o all_o season_n when_o need_n shall_v require_v and_o bind_v to_o give_v attendance_n upon_o his_o royal_a person_n to_o defend_v the_o same_o when_o he_o shall_v fortune_n to_o go_v in_o person_n in_o war_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o against_o his_o rebel_n and_o enemy_n for_o the_o subdue_a and_o repress_v of_o they_o and_o their_o malicious_a purpose_n christopher_n wray_n sergeant_n at_o law_n choose_a speaker_n 13_o eliz._n in_o his_o speech_n to_o her_o majesty_n say_v that_o for_o the_o orderly_a government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n three_o thing_n be_v necessary_a 1._o religion_n 2._o authority_n 3._o law_n by_o the_o first_o we_o be_v teach_v not_o only_o our_o duty_n to_o god_n but_o to_o obey_v the_o queen_n and_o that_o not_o only_o in_o temporal_n but_o in_o spiritual_n in_o which_o her_o power_n be_v absolute_a mr._n grivel_v in_o the_o 35_o eliz._n say_v in_o parliament_n he_o â—…ished_v not_o the_o make_n of_o many_o law_n since_o the_o more_o we_o make_v the_o less_o liberty_n we_o have_v ourselves_o her_o majesty_n not_o be_v bind_v by_o they_o for_o further_a proof_n that_o the_o legislative_a power_n be_v proper_a to_o the_o king_n we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o in_o ancient_a time_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v all_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v in_o form_n of_o petition_n if_o the_o petition_n be_v from_o the_o commons_o and_o the_o answer_n of_o they_o the_o king_n be_v it_o be_v easy_a thereby_o to_o judge_v who_o make_v the_o act_n of_o parliament_n also_o sir_n io._n glanvil_n affirm_v that_o in_o former_a time_n the_o course_n of_o petition_v the_o king_n be_v this_o the_o lord_n and_o speaker_n either_o by_o word_n or_o write_v prefer_v their_o petition_n to_o the_o king_n this_o than_o be_v call_v the_o bill_n of_o the_o commons_o which_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o king_n part_n he_o receive_v part_v he_o put_v out_o and_o part_n he_o ratify_v for_o as_o it_o come_v from_o he_o it_o be_v draw_v into_o a_o law_n also_o it_o appear_v that_o provision_n ordinance_n and_o proclamation_n make_v heretofore_o out_o of_o parliament_n have_v be_v always_o acknowledge_v for_o law_n and_o statute_n we_o have_v among_o the_o print_a statute_n chanc._n one_o call_v the_o statute_n of_o ireland_n date_v egerton_n at_o westminster_n 9_o feb._n 14_o hen._n 3._o which_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o letter_n of_o the_o king_n to_o gerard_n son_n of_o
commons_o may_v be_v unjust_a so_o that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o themselves_o may_v be_v the_o judge_n of_o what_o be_v just_a or_o unjust_a but_o where_o a_o king_n by_o oath_n bind_v his_o conscience_n to_o protect_v just_a law_n it_o concern_v he_o to_o be_v satisfy_v in_o his_o own_o conscience_n that_o they_o be_v just_a and_o not_o by_o a_o implicit_a faith_n or_o blind_a obedience_n no_o man_n can_v be_v so_o proper_a a_o judge_n of_o the_o justness_n of_o law_n as_o he_o who_o soul_n must_v lie_v at_o the_o stake_n for_o the_o defence_n and_o safeguard_v of_o they_o beside_o in_o this_o very_a oath_n the_o king_n do_v swear_v to_o do_v equal_a and_o right_a justice_n and_o discretion_n in_o mercy_n and_o truth_n in_o all_o his_o judgement_n facies_fw-la fieri_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la judiciis_fw-la tuis_fw-la aequam_fw-la &_o rectam_fw-la justitiam_fw-la &_o discretionem_fw-la in_o misericordia_fw-la &_o veritate_fw-la if_o we_o allow_v the_o king_n discretion_n and_o mercy_n in_o his_o judgement_n of_o necessity_n he_o must_v judge_v of_o the_o justness_n of_o the_o law_n again_o the_o clause_n of_o the_o oath_n quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la elegerit_fw-la do_v not_o mention_v the_o assent_v unto_o or_o grant_v any_o new_a law_n but_o of_o hold_v protect_a and_o strengthen_v with_o all_o his_o may_v the_o just_a law_n that_o be_v already_o in_o be_v there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o may_v or_o strength_n if_o assent_v to_o new_a law_n be_v there_o mean_v some_o may_v wonder_v why_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o labour_v to_o deny_v the_o king_n a_o negative_a voice_n since_o a_o negative_a voice_n be_v in_o itself_o so_o poor_a a_o thing_n that_o if_o a_o man_n have_v all_o the_o negative_a voice_n in_o the_o kingdom_n â—…t_o will_v not_o make_v he_o a_o king_n nor_o give_v he_o power_n to_o make_v one_o law_n a_o negative_a voice_n be_v but_o a_o â—…ivative_a power_n that_o be_v no_o power_n at_o all_o to_o do_v or_o act_v any_o thing_n but_o a_o power_n only_o to_o hinder_v the_o power_n of_o another_o negative_n be_v of_o such_o a_o malignant_a or_o destructive_a nature_n that_o if_o they_o have_v nothing_o else_o to_o destroy_v they_o will_v when_o they_o meet_v destroy_v one_o another_o which_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o two_o negative_n make_v a_o affirmative_a by_o destroy_v the_o negation_n which_o do_v hinder_v the_o affirmation_n a_o king_n with_o a_o negative_a voice_n only_o be_v but_o like_o a_o syllogism_n of_o pure_a negative_a proposition_n which_o can_v conclude_v nothing_o it_o must_v be_v a_o affirmative_a voice_n that_o make_v both_o a_o king_n and_o a_o law_n and_o without_o it_o there_o can_v be_v no_o imaginable_a government_n the_o reason_n be_v plain_a why_o the_o king_n negative_a voice_n be_v so_o eager_o oppose_v for_o though_o it_o give_v the_o king_n no_o power_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n yet_o it_o give_v he_o a_o power_n to_o hinder_v other_o though_o it_o can_v make_v he_o a_o king_n yet_o it_o can_v help_v he_o to_o keep_v other_o from_o be_v king_n for_o conclusion_n of_o this_o discourse_n of_o the_o negative_a voice_n of_o the_o king_n i_o shall_v oppose_v the_o judgement_n of_o a_o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n to_o the_o opinion_n of_o he_o that_o call_v himself_o a_o utter_a barister_fw-mi of_o lincoln_n inn_n and_o let_v other_o judge_v who_o be_v the_o better_a lawyer_n of_o the_o two_o the_o word_n be_v bracton_n but_o concern_v mr._n pryn_n to_o lay_v they_o to_o heart_n concern_v the_o charter_n and_o deed_n of_o king_n the_o justice_n nor_o private_a man_n neither_o aught_o nor_o can_v dispute_v nor_o yet_o if_o there_o rise_v a_o doubt_n in_o the_o king_n charter_n can_v they_o interpret_v it_o and_o in_o doubtful_a and_o obscure_a point_n or_o if_o a_o word_n contain_v two_o sense_n the_o interpretation_n and_o will_v of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v see_v it_o be_v his_o part_n to_o interpret_v who_o make_v the_o charter_n full_a well_o mr._n pryn_n know_v that_o when_o bracton_n write_v the_o law_n that_o be_v then_o make_v and_o strive_v for_o be_v call_v the_o king_n charter_n as_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la charta_fw-la de_fw-fr foresta_n and_o other_o so_o that_o in_o bracton_n judgement_n the_o king_n have_v not_o only_o a_o negative_a voice_n to_o hinder_v but_o a_o affirmative_a to_o make_v a_o law_n which_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o master_n pryn_n will_v allow_v he_o not_o only_o the_o lawmaker_n but_o also_o the_o sole_a judge_n of_o the_o people_n be_v the_o king_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o bracton_n these_o be_v his_o word_n rex_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alius_fw-la debet_fw-la judicare_fw-la si_fw-la solus_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la sufficere_fw-la possit_fw-la the_o king_n and_o no_o other_o ought_v to_o judge_v if_o he_o alone_o be_v able_a much_o like_o the_o word_n of_o bracton_n speak_v briton_n where_o after_o that_o he_o have_v show_v that_o the_o king_n be_v the_o viceroy_n of_o god_n and_o that_o he_o have_v distribute_v his_o charge_n into_o sundry_a portion_n because_o he_o alone_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o hear_v all_o complaint_n of_o his_o people_n than_o he_o add_v these_o word_n in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n nous_fw-fr volon_n que_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr jurisdiction_n soit_fw-fr sur_fw-fr tout_fw-fr jurisdiction_n etc._n etc._n we_o will_v that_o our_o jurisdiction_n be_v above_o all_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o our_o realm_n so_o as_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o felony_n trespass_n contract_n and_o in_o all_o other_o action_n personal_a or_o real_a we_o have_v power_n to_o yield_v or_o cause_n to_o be_v yield_v such_o judgement_n as_o do_v appertain_v without_o other_o process_n wheresoever_o we_o know_v the_o right_a truth_n as_o judge_n neither_o be_v this_o to_o be_v take_v say_v mr._n lambard_n to_o be_v mean_v of_o the_o king_n bench_n where_o there_o be_v only_o a_o imaginary_a presence_n of_o his_o person_n but_o it_o must_v necessary_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o jurisdiction_n remain_v and_o leave_v in_o the_o king_n be_v royal_a body_n and_o breast_n distinct_a from_o that_o of_o his_o bench_n and_o other_o ordinary_a court_n because_o he_o do_v immediate_o after_o several_o set_v forth_o by_o themselves_o as_o well_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o of_o the_o other_o court_n and_o that_o this_o be_v no_o new-made_a law_n mr._n lamâ—…d_n put_v we_o in_o mind_n of_o a_o saxon_a law_n of_o king_n edgar_n nemo_n in_o light_fw-la regem_fw-la appellato_fw-la etc._n etc._n let_v no_o man_n iâ—…_n suit_n appeal_n unto_o the_o king_n unless_o he_o can_v get_v right_o aâ—…_n home_o but_o if_o that_o right_o be_v too_o heavy_a for_o he_o than_o lâ—…_n he_o go_v to_o the_o king_n to_o have_v it_o ease_v by_o which_o iâ—…_n may_v evident_o appear_v that_o even_o so_o many_o year_n agâ—…_n there_o may_v be_v appellation_n make_v to_o the_o king_n persae_n whensoever_o the_o cause_n shall_v enforce_v it_o the_o very_a like_o law_n in_o effect_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o law_n of_o canutus_n the_o dane_n sometime_o king_n of_o thâ—…_n realm_n out_o of_o which_o law_n master_n lambard_n gatheâ—…_n that_o the_o king_n himself_o have_v a_o high_a court_n of_o justia_n wherein_o it_o seem_v he_o sit_v in_o person_n for_o the_o word_n bâ—…_n let_v he_o not_o seek_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o same_o court_n â—…_n the_o king_n do_v judge_v not_o only_o according_a to_o meeâ—…_n right_o and_o law_n but_o also_o after_o equity_n and_o gooâ—…_n conscience_n for_o the_o close_a i_o shall_v end_v with_o the_o suffrage_n â—…_n our_o late_a antiquary_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o glossary_n he_o say_v omnis_fw-la regni_fw-la justitia_fw-la solius_fw-la regis_fw-la est_fw-la etc._n etc._n all_o justice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v only_o the_o king_n be_v and_o hâ—…_n alone_o if_o he_o be_v able_a shall_v administer_v it_o but_o thâ—…_n be_v impossible_a he_o be_v force_v to_o delegate_v it_o to_o minister_n who_o he_o bound_v by_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o law_n the_o positive_a law_n be_v only_o about_o general_n in_o particular_a case_n they_o be_v sometime_o too_o strict_a sometime_o too_o remisâ—…_n and_o so_o oft_o wrong_v instead_o of_o right_o will_v be_v do_v if_o wâ—…_n stand_v to_o strict_a law_n also_o cause_n hard_a and_o difficult_a dâ—…ly_n arise_v which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o no_o law-book_n â—…_n those_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o run_v back_o to_o the_o king_n tâ—…_n fountain_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o vicegerent_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o jew_n take_v such_o cause_n to_o his_o own_o cognisance_n and_o leave_v to_o king_n not_o only_o the_o example_n of_o such_o jurisdiction_n but_o the_o prerogative_n also_o of_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n what_o need_v all_o this_o ado_n will_v some_o say_v to_o
their_o favourable_a and_o courteous_a offer_n of_o conference_n and_o to_o signify_v that_o the_o commons_o can_v in_o those_o case_n of_o benevolence_n or_o contribution_n join_v in_o conference_n with_o their_o lordship_n without_o prejudice_n to_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o house_n and_o to_o request_v their_o lordship_n to_o hold_v the_o member_n of_o this_o house_n excuse_v in_o their_o not-assenting_a to_o their_o lordship_n say_v motion_n for_o conference_n for_o that_o so_o to_o have_v assent_v without_o a_o bill_n have_v be_v contrary_a to_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o this_o house_n and_o also_o contrary_a to_o the_o former_a precedent_n of_o the_o same_o house_n in_o like_a case_n have_v this_o answer_v deliver_v to_o the_o lord_n by_o the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o exchequer_n their_o lordship_n say_v they_o well_o hope_v to_o have_v have_v a_o conference_n according_a to_o their_o former_a request_n and_o desire_v to_o see_v those_o precedent_n by_o which_o the_o commons_o seem_v to_o refuse_v the_o say_a conference_n but_o in_o conclusion_n it_o be_v agree_v unto_o upon_o the_o motion_n of_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n who_o move_v that_o without_o name_v a_o subsidy_n it_o may_v be_v propound_v in_o general_a word_n to_o have_v a_o conference_n touch_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o the_o necessary_a supply_n of_o treasure_n to_o be_v provide_v speedy_o for_o the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o necessity_n in_o the_o 43_o eliz._n sergeant_n heal_n say_v in_o parliament_n he_o marvail_v the_o house_n stand_v either_o aâ—…_n the_o grant_n of_o a_o subsidy_n or_o time_n of_o payment_n wheâ—…_n all_o we_o have_v be_v her_o majesty_n and_o she_o may_v lawful_a at_o her_o pleasure_n take_v it_o from_o we_o and_o that_o she_o have_v â—…_n much_o right_n to_o all_o our_o land_n and_o good_n as_o to_o anâ—…_n revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o he_o say_v he_o can_v proâ—…_n it_o by_o precedent_n in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 3._o k._n john_n and_o k._n stephen_n the_o ground_n upon_o which_o this_o sergeant_n at_o law_n go_v may_v be_v think_v the_o same_o sir_n edw._n coke_n deliver_v in_o his_o institutes_n where_o he_o say_v the_o first_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n in_o demesne_n and_o the_o great_a manor_n &_o royalist_n they_o reserve_v to_o themselves_o &_o of_o the_o remnant_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n enfeoff_v the_o baron_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o no_o man_n hold_v any_o land_n but_o under_o a_o condition_n to_o defend_v the_o realm_n and_o upon_o the_o selfsame_a ground_n also_o the_o king_n prerogative_n be_v raise_v as_o be_v a_o pre-eminence_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n above_o &_o before_o the_o law_n of_o property_n or_o inheritance_n certain_a it_o be_v before_o the_o commons_o be_v ever_o choose_v to_o come_v to_o parliament_n tax_n or_o subsidy_n be_v raise_v and_o pay_v without_o their_o gift_n the_o great_a and_o long_o continue_a subsidy_n of_o dane-gelt_a be_v without_o any_o gift_n of_o the_o commons_o or_o of_o any_o parliament_n at_o all_o that_o can_v be_v prove_v in_o the_o 8_o h._n 3._o a_o subsidy_n of_o 2_o mark_n in_o silver_n upon_o every_o knight_n fee_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o king_n by_o the_o noble_n without_o any_o commons_o at_o the_o pass_n of_o a_o bill_n of_o subsidy_n the_o word_n of_o the_o king_n be_v the_o king_n thank_v his_o loyal_a subject_n accept_v their_o good_a will_n &_o also_o will_v have_v â—…so_o le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr remercie_fw-fr ses_fw-fr loyaux_fw-fr subject_n accept_v leur_fw-fr â—…enevolence_n &_o ausi_fw-la ainsi_fw-fr le_fw-fr veult_n which_o last_o word_n of_o ainsi_fw-fr le_fw-fr veult_n the_o king_n will_v it_o to_o be_v so_o â—…re_v the_o only_a word_n that_o make_v the_o act_n of_o subâ—…idy_n a_o law_n to_o bind_v every_o man_n to_o the_o payâ—…ent_n of_o it_o in_o the_o 39_o eliz._n the_o commons_o by_o their_o speaker_n complain_v of_o monopoly_n the_o queen_n speak_v in_o private_a to_o the_o l._n keeper_n who_o then_o make_v answer_n touch_v monopoly_n that_o her_o majesty_n hope_v she_o dutiful_a and_o love_a subject_n will_v not_o take_v away_o her_o prerogative_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a flower_n in_o her_o garland_n and_o the_o principal_a and_o head_n pearl_n in_o her_o crown_n and_o diadem_n but_o that_o they_o will_v rather_o leave_v that_o to_o her_o disposition_n the_o second_o point_n be_v that_o the_o freeholders_n or_o county_n do_v not_o nor_o can_v give_v privilege_n to_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n they_o that_o be_v under_o the_o law_n can_v protect_v against_o it_o they_o have_v no_o such_o privilege_n themselves_o as_o to_o be_v free_a from_o arrest_n and_o action_n for_o if_o they_o have_v than_o it_o have_v be_v no_o privilege_n but_o it_o will_v be_v the_o common_a law_n and_o what_o they_o have_v not_o they_o can_v give_v nemo_fw-la that_fw-mi quod_fw-la non_fw-la habet_fw-la neither_o do_v the_o freeholders_n pretend_v to_o give_v any_o such_o privilege_n either_o at_o their_o election_n or_o by_o any_o subsequent_a act_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o any_o such_o thing_n in_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n nor_o in_o the_o indenture_n between_o the_o sheriff_n and_o the_o freeholders_n the_o three_o point_n remain_v that_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n it_o be_v a_o know_a rule_n that_o which_o give_v the_o form_n give_v the_o consequence_n of_o the_o form_n the_o king_n by_o his_o writ_n give_v the_o very_a essence_n and_o form_n to_o the_o parliament_n therefore_o privilege_n which_o be_v but_o consequence_n of_o the_o form_n must_v necessary_o flow_v from_o king_n all_o other_o privilege_n and_o protection_n be_v the_o act_n of_o the_o king_n and_o by_o the_o king_n writ_n sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v that_o the_o protection_n of_o man_n person_n servant_n and_o good_n be_v do_v by_o a_o writ_n of_o grace_n from_o the_o king_n at_o the_o presentment_n of_o the_o speaker_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o to_o the_o king_n upon_o the_o first_o day_n of_o parliament_n the_o speaker_n in_o the_o name_n and_o behoof_n of_o the_o commons_o humble_o crave_v that_o his_o majesty_n will_v be_v gracious_o please_v to_o grant_v they_o their_o accustom_a liberty_n and_o privilege_n which_o petition_n of_o they_o be_v a_o fair_a recognition_n of_o the_o primitive_a grace_n and_o favour_n of_o king_n in_o bestow_v of_o privilege_n and_o it_o be_v a_o shrewd_a argument_n against_o any_o other_o title_n for_o our_o ancestor_n be_v not_o so_o ceremonious_a nor_o so_o full_a of_o compliment_n as_o to_o beg_v that_o by_o grace_n which_o they_o may_v claim_v by_o right_n and_o the_o renew_n of_o this_o petition_n every_o parliament_n argue_v the_o grant_n to_o be_v but_o temporary_a during_o only_a the_o present_a parliament_n and_o that_o they_o have_v be_v accustom_v when_o they_o have_v be_v accustomable_o sue_v or_o petition_v for_o i_o will_v close_v this_o point_n with_o the_o judgement_n of_o king_n james_n who_o in_o his_o declaration_n touch_v his_o proceed_n in_o parliament_n 1621._o resolve_n that_o most_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n grow_v from_o precedent_n which_o rather_o show_v a_o toleration_n than_o a_o inheritance_n therefore_o he_o can_v not_o allow_v of_o the_o style_n call_v iâ—…_n their_o ancient_a and_o undoubted_a right_n and_o inheritance_n but_o can_v rather_o have_v wish_v that_o they_o have_v say_v their_o privilege_n be_v derive_v from_o the_o grace_n and_o permission_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o he_o and_o thereupon_o he_o conclude_v he_o can_v with_o patience_n endure_v his_o subject_n to_o use_v suâ—…_n antimonarchicall_a word_n concern_v their_o liberty_n except_o they_o have_v subjoin_v that_o they_o be_v grant_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o grace_n and_o favourâ—…_n of_o his_o predecessor_n yet_o he_o promise_v to_o be_v careful_a of_o whatsoever_o privilege_n they_o enjoy_v by_o long_a custom_n and_o uncontrolled_a and_o lawful_a precedent_n observation_n upon_o aristotle_n politic_n touch_v form_n of_o government_n together_o with_o direction_n for_o obedience_n to_o governor_n in_o dangerous_a and_o doubtful_a time_n the_o preface_n in_o every_o alteration_n of_o government_n there_o be_v something_o new_a which_o none_o can_v either_o divine_a or_o judge_n of_o till_o time_n have_v try_v it_o we_o read_v of_o many_o several_a way_n of_o government_n but_o they_o have_v all_o or_o most_o of_o they_o be_v of_o particular_a city_n with_o none_o or_o very_o small_a territory_n at_o first_o belong_v to_o they_o at_o this_o present_a the_o government_n of_o the_o low-countries_n and_o of_o switzerland_n be_v not_o appropriate_v either_o of_o they_o to_o any_o one_o city_n for_o they_o be_v compound_v of_o several_a petty_a principality_n which_o have_v special_a and_o different_a law_n and_o
the_o body_n of_o the_o tribune_n from_o all_o arrest_n or_o other_o violence_n they_o grow_v in_o time_n by_o degree_n to_o such_o boldness_n that_o by_o stop_v the_o legal_a proceed_n of_o the_o consul_n when_o they_o please_v to_o intercede_v they_o raise_v such_o a_o anarchy_n oft_o time_n in_o government_n that_o they_o themselves_o may_v act_v and_o take_v upon_o they_o what_o power_n soever_o they_o please_v though_o it_o belong_v not_o to_o they_o this_o gallantry_n of_o the_o tribune_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o commons_o of_o rome_n who_o be_v diligent_a pretender_n to_o liberty_n and_o the_o great_a master_n of_o this_o part_n of_o politic_n be_v think_v the_o only_a famous_a preserver_n and_o keeper_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o rome_n and_o to_o do_v they_o right_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v they_o be_v the_o only_a man_n that_o true_o understand_v the_o right_n of_o a_o negative_a voice_n if_o we_o will_v allow_v every_o man_n to_o be_v natural_o free_a till_o they_o give_v their_o consent_n to_o be_v bind_v we_o must_v allow_v every_o particular_a person_n a_o negative_a voice_n so_o that_o when_o as_o all_o have_v equal_a power_n and_o be_v as_o it_o be_v fellow-magistrate_n or_o officer_n each_o man_n may_v impeach_v or_o stop_v his_o fellow-officer_n in_o their_o proceed_n this_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o general_a reason_n of_o all_o they_o which_o have_v any_o thing_n in_o common_a where_o he_o which_o forbid_v or_o deny_v have_v most_o right_o because_o his_o condition_n in_o that_o case_n be_v better_a than_o he_o which_o command_v or_o move_v to_o proceed_v for_o every_o law_n or_o command_n be_v in_o itself_o a_o innovation_n and_o a_o diminution_n of_o some_o part_n of_o popular_a liberty_n for_o it_o be_v no_o law_n except_o it_o restrain_v liberty_n he_o that_o by_o his_o negative_a voice_n do_v forbid_v or_o hinder_v the_o proceed_v of_o a_o new_a law_n do_v but_o preserve_v himself_o in_o that_o condition_n of_o liberty_n wherein_o nature_n have_v place_v he_o and_o whereof_o he_o be_v in_o present_a possession_n the_o condition_n of_o he_o thus_o in_o possession_n be_v the_o better_a the_o strong_a be_v his_o prohibition_n any_o single_a man_n have_v a_o just_a title_n to_o his_o negative_a voice_n than_o any_o multitude_n can_v have_v to_o their_o affirmative_a to_o say_v the_o people_n be_v free_a and_o not_o to_o be_v govern_v but_o by_o their_o own_o consent_n and_o yet_o to_o allow_v a_o major_a part_n to_o rule_v the_o whole_a be_v a_o plain_a contradiction_n or_o a_o destruction_n of_o natural_a freedom_n this_o the_o commons_o of_o rome_n right_o understand_v and_o therefore_o the_o transcendent_a power_n of_o the_o negative_a voice_n of_o any_o one_o tribune_n be_v able_a of_o itself_o to_o stay_v all_o the_o proceed_n not_o of_o the_o consul_n and_o senate_n only_o and_o other_o magistrate_n but_o also_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o fellow-tribune_n make_v they_o seem_v the_o powerful_a man_n in_o all_o rome_n and_o yet_o in_o truth_n they_o have_v no_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n at_o all_o nor_o be_v they_o any_o magistrate_n nor_o can_v they_o lawful_o call_v any_o man_n before_o they_o for_o they_o be_v not_o appoint_v for_o administration_n of_o justice_n but_o only_o to_o oppose_v the_o violence_n and_o abuse_v of_o magistrate_n by_o intercede_v for_o such_o as_o appeal_v be_v unjust_o oppress_v for_o which_o purpose_n at_o first_o they_o sit_v only_o without_o the_o door_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o come_v within_o the_o door_n this_o negative_a power_n of_o they_o be_v of_o force_n only_o to_o hinder_v but_o not_o to_o help_v the_o proceed_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n to_o govern_v and_o not_o to_o govern_v the_o people_n and_o though_o they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o make_v law_n yet_o they_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o propound_v law_n and_o flatter_v and_o humour_v the_o commons_o by_o the_o agrarian_a and_o frumentarian_a law_n by_o the_o first_o they_o divide_v the_o common_a field_n and_o conquer_a land_n among_o the_o common_a people_n and_o by_o the_o latter_a they_o afford_v they_o corn_n at_o a_o cheap_a or_o low_a price_n by_o these_o mean_v these_o demagogue_n or_o tribune_n of_o the_o commons_o lead_v the_o vulgar_a by_o the_o nose_n to_o allow_v whatsoever_o usurpation_n they_o please_v to_o make_v in_o government_n the_o royal_a power_n of_o the_o consul_n be_v never_o take_v away_o from_o they_o by_o any_o law_n that_o i_o hear_v of_o but_o continue_v in_o they_o all_o the_o time_n of_o their_o pretend_a popular_a government_n to_o the_o very_a last_o though_o repine_v at_o and_o oppose_v in_o some_o particular_n by_o the_o commons_o the_o nopower_n or_o negative_a power_n of_o the_o tribune_n do_v not_o long_o give_v content_a to_o the_o commons_o and_o therefore_o they_o desire_v that_o one_o of_o the_o consul_n may_v be_v choose_v out_o of_o the_o commonalty_n the_o eager_a propound_v of_o this_o point_n for_o the_o commons_o and_o the_o diligent_a oppose_v of_o it_o by_o the_o nobility_n or_o senate_n argue_v how_o much_o both_o party_n regard_v the_o sovereign_a power_n of_o a_o consul_n the_o dispute_v last_v fourscore_o year_n within_o two_o the_o tribune_n press_v it_o upon_o all_o advantage_n of_o opportunity_n never_o give_v over_o till_o they_o carry_v it_o by_o strong_a hand_n or_o stubbornness_n hinder_v all_o election_n of_o the_o curule_n or_o great_a magistrate_n for_o five_o year_n together_o whereby_o the_o noble_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v the_o commons_o a_o consul_n place_n or_o else_o a_o anarchy_n be_v ready_a to_o destroy_v they_o all_o and_o yet_o the_o nobility_n have_v for_o a_o good_a while_n allow_v the_o commons_o military_a tribune_n with_o consular_a power_n which_o in_o effect_n or_o substance_n be_v all_o one_o with_o have_v one_o of_o the_o consul_n a_o commoner_n so_o that_o it_o be_v the_o bare_a name_n of_o a_o consul_n which_o the_o commons_o so_o 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other_o side_n of_o tybur_n because_o they_o be_v deep_o engage_v in_o debt_n in_o regard_n of_o long_a sedition_n and_o dissension_n the_o eleven_o book_n of_o livy_n where_o this_o sedition_n be_v set_v down_o be_v lose_v we_o have_v only_o a_o touch_n of_o it_o it_o in_o florus_n his_o epitome_n and_o st._n augustine_n mention_n the_o plunder_v of_o many_o house_n by_o the_o commons_o at_o their_o depart_n this_o sedition_n be_v above_o 220_o year_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o king_n in_o all_o which_o time_n the_o people_n of_o rome_n get_v the_o spoil_n of_o almost_o all_o italy_n and_o the_o wealth_n of_o very_a many_o rich_a city_n and_o yet_o the_o commons_o be_v in_o so_o great_a penury_n and_o over_o whelm_v with_o debt_n that_o they_o fall_v to_o plunder_v the_o rich_a house_n of_o the_o citizen_n which_o sound_v not_o much_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o popular_a government_n this_o communicate_v of_o a_o legislative_a power_n to_o the_o commons_o touch_v power_n of_o enfranchise_v ally_n judgement_n penal_a and_o fine_n and_o those_o ordinance_n that_o concern_v the_o good_a of_o the_o commons_o call_v plebiscita_fw-la be_v a_o divide_v of_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o the_o give_v a_o share_n of_o it_o to_o other_o as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o consul_n and_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o destroy_v the_o legislative_a power_n for_o to_o have_v two_o supremes_n be_v to_o have_v none_o because_o the_o one_o may_v destroy_v the_o other_o and_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o indivisible_a nature_n of_o sovereignty_n the_o truth_n be_v the_o consul_n have_v but_o annual_a sovereignty_n be_v glad_a for_o their_o own_o safety_n and_o ease_n in_o matter_n of_o great_a importance_n and_o weight_n to_o call_v together_o sometime_o the_o senate_n who_o be_v their_o ordinary_a council_n and_o many_o time_n the_o century_n of_o the_o people_n who_o be_v
their_o council_n extraordinary_a that_o by_o their_o advice_n they_o may_v countenance_v and_o strengthen_v such_o action_n as_o be_v full_a of_o danger_n and_o envy_n and_o thus_o the_o consul_n by_o weaken_v their_o original_a power_n bring_v the_o government_n to_o confusion_n civil_a dissension_n and_o utter_a ruin_n so_o dangerous_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v to_o show_v favour_n to_o common_a people_n who_o interpret_v all_o grace_n and_o favour_n for_o their_o right_n and_o just_a liberty_n the_o consul_n follow_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o senate_n or_o people_n do_v not_o take_v away_o their_o right_n of_o govern_v no_o more_o than_o king_n lose_v their_o supremacy_n by_o take_v advice_n in_o parliament_n not_o only_o the_o consul_n but_o also_o the_o praetor_n and_o censor_n two_o great_a office_n ordain_v only_o for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o consul_n from_o who_o a_o appeal_n lie_v to_o the_o consul_n do_v in_o many_o thing_n exercise_v a_o arbitrary_a or_o legislative_a power_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o consul_n they_o have_v no_o law_n to_o limit_v they_o for_o many_o year_n after_o the_o creation_n of_o consul_n ten_o man_n be_v send_v into_o greece_n to_o choose_v law_n and_o after_o the_o 12_o table_n be_v confirm_v whatsoever_o the_o praetor_n who_o be_v but_o the_o consul_n substitute_n do_v command_v be_v call_v jus_o honorarium_fw-la and_o they_o be_v wont_n at_o the_o entrance_n into_o their_o office_n to_o collect_v and_o hang_v up_o for_o public_a view_n a_o form_n of_o administration_n of_o justice_n which_o they_o will_v observe_v and_o though_o the_o edictum_fw-la praetoris_fw-la expire_v with_o the_o pretoâ—…_n office_n yet_o it_o be_v call_v edictum_fw-la perpetuum_fw-la what_o peace_n the_o low-countries_n have_v find_v since_o their_o revolt_n be_v visible_a it_o be_v near_o about_o a_o hundred_o year_n since_o they_o set_v up_o for_o themselves_o of_o all_o which_o time_n only_o twelve_o year_n they_o have_v a_o truce_n with_o the_o 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christendom_n and_o pay_v the_o great_a tax_n in_o the_o world_n they_o pay_v tribute_n half_a in_o half_n for_o food_n and_o most_o necessary_a thing_n pay_v as_o much_o for_o tribute_n as_o the_o price_n of_o the_o thing_n sell_v excise_n be_v pay_v by_o all_o retailer_n of_o wine_n and_o other_o commodity_n for_o each_o tun_n of_o beer_n six_o shilling_n for_o each_o cow_n for_o the_o pail_n two_o stivers_n every_o week_n for_o ox_n horse_n sheep_n and_o other_o beast_n sell_v in_o the_o market_n the_o twelve_o part_n at_o least_o be_v they_o never_o so_o oft_o sell_v by_o the_o year_n to_o and_o fro_o the_o new_a master_n still_o pay_v as_o much_o they_o pay_v five_o stivers_n for_o every_o bushel_n of_o their_o own_o wheat_n which_o they_o use_v to_o grind_v in_o public_a mill_n these_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o low-country_n war._n it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o venice_n be_v a_o commonwealth_n that_o enjoy_v peace_n she_o indeed_o of_o all_o other_o state_n have_v enjoy_v of_o late_a the_o great_a peace_n but_o she_o owe_v it_o not_o to_o her_o kind_n of_o government_n but_o to_o the_o natural_a situation_n of_o the_o city_n have_v such_o a_o bank_n in_o the_o sea_n of_o near_o threescore_o mile_n and_o such_o marsh_n towards_o the_o land_n as_o make_v her_o unapproachable_a by_o land_n or_o sea_n to_o these_o she_o be_v indebt_v for_o her_o peace_n at_o home_n and_o what_o peace_n she_o have_v abroad_o she_o buy_v at_o a_o dear_a rate_n and_o yet_o her_o peace_n be_v little_o better_a than_o a_o continue_a war_n the_o city_n always_o be_v in_o such_o perpetual_a fear_n that_o many_o besiege_a city_n be_v in_o more_o security_n a_o senator_n or_o gentleman_n dare_v not_o converse_v with_o any_o stranger_n in_o venice_n shun_v acquaintance_n or_o dare_v not_o own_o it_o they_o be_v no_o better_a than_o bandito_n to_o all_o humane_a society_n nay_o no_o people_n in_o the_o world_n live_v in_o such_o jealousy_n one_o of_o another_o hence_o be_v their_o intricate_a solemnity_n or_o rather_o lottery_n in_o election_n of_o their_o magistrate_n which_o in_o any_o other_o place_n will_v be_v ridiculous_a and_o useless_a the_o senator_n or_o gentleman_n be_v not_o only_o jealous_a of_o the_o common_a people_n who_o they_o keep_v disarm_v but_o of_o one_o another_o they_o dare_v not_o trust_v any_o of_o their_o own_o citizen_n to_o be_v a_o leader_n of_o their_o army_n but_o be_v force_v to_o hire_v and_o entertain_v foreign_a prince_n for_o their_o general_n except_v their_o citizen_n from_o their_o war_n and_o hire_v other_o in_o their_o place_n it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o people_n live_v in_o peace_n which_o be_v in_o such_o miserable_a fear_n continual_o the_o venetian_n at_o first_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o româ—…_n emperor_n and_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o hun_n forsake_v milan_n and_o other_o place_n in_o italy_n and_o retire_v with_o all_o their_o substance_n to_o those_o islandâ—…_n where_o now_o venice_n stand_v i_o do_v not_o read_v they_o have_v any_o leave_n to_o desert_n the_o defence_n of_o their_o prince_n and_o country_n where_o they_o have_v get_v their_o wealth_n much_o less_o to_o set_v up_o a_o government_n of_o their_o own_o it_o be_v no_o better_a than_o a_o rebellion_n or_o revolt_a from_o the_o roman_a empire_n at_o first_o they_o live_v under_o a_o kind_n of_o oligarchy_n for_o several_a island_n have_v each_o a_o tribune_n who_o all_o meet_v and_o govern_v in_o common_a but_o the_o dangerous_a sedition_n of_o their_o tribune_n put_v a_o necessity_n upon_o they_o to_o choose_v a_o duke_n for_o life_n who_o for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n have_v a_o absolute_a power_n under_o who_o government_n venice_n flourish_v most_o and_o get_v great_a victory_n and_o rich_a possession_n but_o by_o insensible_a degree_n the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o gentleman_n have_v for_o many_o year_n be_v lessen_v the_o power_n of_o their_o duke_n and_o have_v at_o last_o quite_o take_v it_o away_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a error_n for_o any_o man_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o government_n of_o venice_n have_v be_v always_o the_o same_o that_o it_o be_v now_o he_o that_o read_v but_o the_o history_n of_o venice_n may_v find_v for_o a_o long_a time_n a_o sovereign_a power_n in_o their_o duke_n and_o that_o for_o these_o last_o two_o hundred_o year_n since_o the_o diminish_n of_o that_o power_n there_o have_v be_v no_o great_a victory_n and_o conquest_n obtain_v by_o that_o estate_n that_o which_o exceed_v admiration_n be_v that_o contareâ—…_n have_v the_o confidence_n to_o affirm_v the_o present_a government_n of_o venice_n to_o be_v a_o mix_a form_n of_o monarchy_n democraty_n and_o aristocratie_n for_o whereas_o he_o make_v the_o duke_n to_o have_v the_o person_n and_o show_n of_o a_o king_n he_o after_o confess_v that_o the_o duke_n can_v do_v nothing_o at_o all_o alone_a and_o be_v join_v with_o other_o magistrate_n he_o have_v no_o more_o authority_n than_o any_o of_o they_o also_o the_o power_n of_o the_o magistrate_n be_v so_o small_a that_o no_o one_o of_o they_o how_o great_a soever_o he_o be_v can_v determine_v of_o any_o thing_n of_o moment_n without_o the_o allowance_n of_o the_o council_n so_o that_o this_o duke_n be_v but_o a_o man_n dress_v up_o in_o purple_a a_o king_n only_o in_o pomp_n and_o ornament_n in_o power_n but_o a_o senator_n within_o the_o city_n a_o captive_n without_o a_o traitor_n if_o he_o go_v without_o leave_n as_o little_a reason_n be_v there_o to_o think_v a_o popular_a estate_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o venice_n or_o s._n p._n q._n u._n for_o it_o do_v not_o consist_v of_o the_o forty_o part_n of_o the_o people_n but_o only_o of_o those_o they_o call_v patritian_n or_o gentleman_n for_o the_o commons_o neither_o by_o
end_n of_o government_n frustrate_v if_o the_o obligation_n upon_o the_o command_v of_o a_o sovereign_a to_o execute_v a_o dangerous_a or_o dishonourable_a office_n depend_v not_o on_o the_o word_n of_o our_o submission_n but_o on_o the_o intention_n which_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o end_n thereof_o no_o man_n by_o mr._n hobs_n rule_n be_v bind_v but_o by_o the_o word_n of_o his_o submission_n the_o intention_n of_o the_o command_n bind_v not_o if_o the_o word_n do_v not_o if_o the_o intention_n shall_v bind_v it_o be_v necessary_a the_o sovereign_n must_v discover_v it_o and_o the_o people_n must_v dispute_v and_o judge_v it_o which_o how_o well_o it_o may_v consist_v with_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n master_n hobbs_n may_v consider_v whereas_o master_n hobbs_n say_v the_o intention_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v by_o the_o end_n i_o take_v it_o he_o mean_v the_o end_n by_o effect_n for_o the_o end_n and_o the_o intention_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n and_o if_o he_o mean_v the_o effect_n the_o obedience_n must_v go_v before_o and_o not_o depend_v on_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o effect_n which_o can_v never_o be_v if_o the_o obedience_n do_v not_o precede_v it_o in_o fine_a he_o resolve_v refusal_n to_o obey_v may_v depend_v upon_o the_o judge_n of_o what_o frustrate_v the_o end_n of_o sovereignty_n and_o what_o not_o of_o which_o he_o can_v mean_v any_o other_o judge_n but_o the_o people_n xv._n mr._n hobbs_n put_v a_o case_n by_o way_n of_o question_n a_o great_a many_o man_n together_o have_v already_o resist_v the_o sovereign_a power_n unjust_o or_o commit_v some_o capital_a crime_n for_o which_o every_o one_o of_o they_o expect_v death_n whether_o have_v they_o not_o the_o liberty_n then_o to_o join_v together_o and_o assist_v and_o defend_v one_o another_o certain_o they_o have_v for_o they_o but_o defend_v their_o life_n which_o the_o guilty_a man_n may_v as_o well_o do_v as_o the_o innocent_a there_o be_v indeed_o injustice_n in_o the_o first_o breach_n of_o their_o duty_n their_o bear_n of_o arm_n subsequent_a to_o it_o though_o it_o be_v to_o maintain_v what_o they_o have_v do_v be_v no_o new_a unjust_a act_n and_o if_o it_o be_v only_o to_o defend_v their_o person_n it_o be_v not_o unjust_a at_o all_o the_o only_a reason_n here_o allege_v for_o the_o bear_v of_o arm_n be_v this_o that_o there_o be_v no_o new_a unjust_a act_n as_o if_o the_o beginning_n only_o of_o a_o rebellion_n be_v a_o unjust_a act_n and_o the_o continuance_n of_o it_o none_o at_o all_o no_o better_a answer_n can_v be_v give_v to_o this_o case_n than_o what_o the_o author_n himself_o have_v deliver_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o same_o paragraph_n in_o these_o word_n to_o resist_v the_o sword_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n in_o defence_n of_o another_o man_n guilty_a or_o innocent_a no_o man_n have_v liberty_n because_o such_o liberty_n take_v away_o from_o the_o sovereign_a the_o mean_n of_o protect_v we_o and_o be_v therefore_o destructive_a of_o the_o very_a essence_n of_o government_n thus_o he_o first_o answer_v the_o question_n and_o then_o afterward_o make_v it_o and_o give_v it_o a_o contrary_a answer_n other_o passage_n i_o meet_v with_o to_o the_o like_a purpose_n he_o say_v page_z 66._o a_o man_n can_v lay_v down_o the_o right_n of_o resist_v they_o that_o assault_v he_o by_o force_n to_o take_v away_o his_o life_n the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o wound_n chain_n and_o imprisonment_n page_n 69._o a_o covenant_n to_o defend_v myself_o from_o force_n by_o force_n be_v void_a pag._n 68_o right_o of_o defend_v life_n and_o mean_n of_o live_v can_v never_o be_v abandon_v these_o last_o doctrine_n be_v destructive_a to_o all_o government_n whatsoever_o and_o even_o to_o the_o leviathan_n itself_o hereby_o any_o rogue_n or_o villain_n may_v murder_v his_o sovereign_n if_o the_o sovereign_n but_o offer_n by_o force_n to_o whip_v or_o lay_v he_o in_o the_o stock_n since_o whip_v may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v wound_v and_o put_v in_o the_o stock_n a_o imprisonment_n so_o likewise_o every_o man_n good_n be_v a_o mean_n of_o live_v if_o a_o man_n can_v abandon_v they_o no_o contract_n among_o man_n be_v it_o never_o so_o just_a can_v be_v observe_v thus_o we_o be_v at_o least_o in_o as_o miserable_a condition_n of_o war_n as_o mr._n hobbs_n at_o first_o by_o nature_n find_v we_o xvi_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n signify_v say_v master_n hobbs_n page_n 216._o a_o kingdom_n constitute_v by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n in_o a_o peculiar_a manner_n wherein_o they_o choose_v god_n for_o their_o king_n by_o covenant_n make_v with_o he_o upon_o god_n promise_v they_o canaan_n if_o we_o look_v upon_o master_n hob_n text_n for_o this_o it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o the_o people_n do_v not_o constitute_v by_o vote_n and_o choose_v god_n for_o their_o king_n but_o by_o the_o appointment_n first_o of_o god_n himself_o the_o covenant_n be_v to_o be_v a_o god_n to_o they_o they_o do_v not_o contract_n with_o god_n that_o if_o he_o will_v give_v they_o canaan_n they_o will_v be_v his_o subject_n and_o he_o shall_v be_v their_o king_n it_o be_v not_o in_o their_o power_n to_o choose_v whether_o god_n shall_v be_v their_o god_n yea_o or_o nay_o for_o it_o be_v confess_v he_o reign_v natural_o over_o all_o by_o he_o may_v if_o god_n reign_v natural_o he_o have_v a_o kingdom_n and_o sovereign_a power_n over_o his_o subject_n not_o acquire_v by_o their_o own_o consent_n this_o kingdom_n say_v to_o be_v constitute_v by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n be_v but_o the_o vote_n of_o abraham_n only_o his_o single_a voice_n carry_v it_o he_o be_v the_o representative_a of_o the_o people_n for_o at_o this_o vote_n it_o be_v confess_v that_o the_o name_n of_o king_n be_v not_o give_v to_o god_n nor_o of_o kingdom_n to_o abraham_n yet_o the_o thing_n if_o we_o will_v believe_v master_n hobbs_n be_v all_o one_o if_o a_o contract_n be_v the_o mutual_a transfer_v of_o right_a i_o will_v know_v what_o right_o a_o people_n can_v have_v to_o transferr_v to_o god_n by_o contract_n have_v the_o people_n of_o israel_n at_o mount_n sinai_n a_o right_a not_o to_o obey_v god_n voice_n if_o they_o have_v not_o such_o a_o right_n what_o have_v they_o to_o transferr_v the_o covenant_n mention_v at_o mount_n sinai_n be_v but_o a_o conditional_a contract_n and_o god_n but_o a_o conditional_a king_n and_o though_o the_o people_n promise_v to_o obey_v god_n word_n yet_o it_o be_v more_o than_o they_o be_v able_a to_o perform_v for_o they_o often_o disobey_v god_n voice_n which_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o the_o condition_n the_o covenant_n be_v void_a and_o god_n not_o their_o king_n by_o contract_n it_o be_v complain_v by_o god_n they_o have_v reject_v i_o that_o i_o shall_v reign_v over_o they_o but_o it_o be_v not_o say_v according_a to_o their_o contract_n for_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o the_o desire_v of_o a_o king_n be_v a_o breach_n of_o their_o contract_n of_o covenant_n or_o disobedience_n to_o the_o voice_n of_o god_n there_o be_v no_o such_o law_n extant_a the_o people_n do_v not_o total_o reject_v the_o lord_n but_o in_o part_n only_o out_o of_o timorousness_n when_o they_o see_v nahash_n king_n of_o the_o child_n of_o ammon_n come_v against_o they_o they_o disinherit_v that_o god_n will_v not_o sudden_o provide_v for_o their_o deliverance_n as_o if_o they_o have_v have_v always_o a_o king_n in_o readiness_n to_o go_v up_o present_o to_o fight_v for_o they_o this_o despair_n in_o they_o who_o have_v find_v so_o many_o miraculous_a deliverance_n under_o god_n government_n be_v that_o which_o offend_v the_o lord_n so_o high_o they_o do_v not_o desire_v a_o alteration_n of_o government_n and_o to_o cast_v off_o god_n law_n but_o hope_v for_o a_o certain_a and_o speedy_a deliverance_n from_o danger_n in_o time_n of_o war._n they_o do_v not_o petition_n that_o they_o may_v choose_v their_o king_n themselves_o that_o have_v be_v a_o great_a sin_n and_o yet_o if_o they_o have_v it_o have_v not_o be_v a_o total_a rejection_n of_o god_n reign_v over_o they_o as_o long_o as_o they_o desire_v not_o to_o depart_v from_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n their_o king_n and_o from_o the_o obedience_n of_o his_o law_n i_o see_v not_o that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n be_v cast_v off_o by_o the_o election_n of_o saul_n since_o saul_n be_v choose_v by_o god_n himself_o and_o govern_v according_a to_o god_n law_n the_o government_n from_o abraham_n to_o saul_n be_v no_o where_o call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n nor_o be_v it_o say_v that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n be_v cast_v off_o at_o the_o election_n of_o saul_n mr._n hobbs_n allow_v that_o moses_n alone_o have_v
his_o own_o will._n v._o if_o it_o be_v demand_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n people_n 1._o sometime_o it_o be_v populus_fw-la universus_fw-la and_o then_o every_o child_n must_v have_v his_o consent_n ask_v which_o be_v impossible_a 2._o sometime_o it_o be_v pars_fw-la major_n and_o sometime_o it_o be_v pars_fw-la potior_fw-la &_o sanior_fw-la how_o the_o major_a part_n where_o all_o be_v alike_o free_a can_v bind_v the_o minor_a part_n be_v not_o yet_o prove_v but_o it_o seem_v the_o major_a part_n will_v not_o carry_v it_o nor_o be_v allow_v except_o they_o be_v the_o better_a part_n and_o the_o sound_a part_n we_o be_v tell_v the_o sound_a part_n implore_v the_o help_n of_o the_o army_n when_o it_o see_v itself_o and_o the_o commonwealth_n betray_v and_o that_o the_o soldier_n judge_v better_a than_o the_o great_a council_n and_o by_o arm_n save_v the_o commonwealth_n which_o the_o great_a council_n have_v almost_o damn_v by_o their_o vote_n p._n 7._o here_o we_o see_v what_o the_o people_n be_v to_o wit_n the_o sound_a part_n of_o which_o the_o army_n be_v the_o judge_n thus_o upon_o the_o matter_n the_o soldier_n be_v the_o people_n which_o be_v so_o we_o may_v discern_v where_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n lie_v which_o we_o be_v teach_v to_o consist_v all_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n choose_v what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v pag._n 61._o a_o miserable_a liberty_n which_o be_v only_o to_o choose_v to_o who_o we_o will_v give_v our_o liberty_n which_o we_o may_v not_o keep_v see_v more_o concern_v the_o people_n in_o a_o book_n entitle_v the_o anarchy_n p._n 8_o 9_o 10_o 11_o 12_o 13_o 14._o vi_o we_o be_v teach_v that_o a_o father_n and_o a_o king_n be_v thing_n most_o diverse_a the_o father_n beget_v we_o but_o not_o the_o king_n but_o we_o create_v the_o king_n nature_n give_v a_o father_n to_o the_o people_n the_o people_n give_v themselves_o a_o king_n if_o the_o father_n kill_v his_o son_n he_o lose_v his_o life_n why_o shall_v not_o the_o king_n also_o p._n 34._o ans._n father_n and_o king_n be_v not_o so_o diverse_a it_o be_v confess_v that_o at_o first_o they_o be_v all_o one_o for_o there_o be_v confess_v paternum_n imperium_fw-la &_o haereditarium_fw-la p._n 141._o and_o this_o fatherly_a empire_n as_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o hereditary_a so_o it_o be_v alienable_a by_o patent_n and_o seizable_a by_o a_o usurper_n as_o other_o good_n be_v and_o thus_o every_o king_n that_o now_o be_v have_v a_o paternal_a empire_n either_o by_o inheritance_n or_o by_o translation_n or_o usurpation_n so_o a_o father_n and_o a_o king_n may_v be_v all_o one_o a_o father_n may_v die_v for_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o son_n where_o there_o be_v a_o superior_a father_n to_o they_o both_o or_o the_o right_n of_o such_o a_o supreme_a father_n but_o where_o there_o be_v only_a father_n and_o son_n no_o son_n can_v question_v the_o father_n for_o the_o death_n of_o their_o brother_n the_o reason_n why_o a_o king_n can_v be_v punish_v be_v not_o because_o he_o be_v except_v from_o punishment_n or_o do_v not_o deserve_v it_o but_o because_o there_o be_v no_o superior_a to_o judge_v he_o but_o god_n only_o to_o who_o he_o be_v reserve_v vii_o it_o be_v say_v thus_o he_o that_o take_v away_o from_o the_o people_n the_o power_n of_o choose_v for_o themselves_o what_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v he_o do_v take_v away_o that_o wherein_o all_o civil_a liberty_n almost_o consist_v p._n 65._o if_o almost_o all_o liberty_n be_v in_o choose_v of_o the_o kind_a of_o government_n the_o people_n have_v but_o a_o poor_a bargain_n of_o it_o who_o can_v exercise_v their_o liberty_n but_o in_o chopping_n and_o change_a their_o government_n and_o have_v liberty_n only_o to_o give_v away_o their_o liberty_n than_o which_o there_o be_v no_o great_a mischief_n as_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o endless_a sedition_n viii_o if_o there_o be_v any_o statute_n in_o our_o law_n by_o which_o thou_o can_v find_v that_o tyrannical_a power_n be_v give_v to_o a_o king_n that_o statute_n be_v contrary_a to_o god_n will_v to_o nature_n and_o reason_n understand_v that_o by_o that_o general_a and_o primary_n law_n of_o we_o that_o statute_n be_v to_o be_v repeal_v and_o not_o of_o force_n with_o we_o p._n 153._o here_o if_o any_o man_n may_v be_v judge_n what_o law_n be_v contrary_a to_o god_n will_v or_o to_o nature_n or_o to_o reason_n it_o will_v soon_o bring_v in_o confusion_n most_o man_n that_o offend_v if_o they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v or_o fine_v will_v think_v that_o statute_n that_o give_v all_o fine_n and_o forfeiture_n to_o a_o king_n to_o be_v a_o tyrannical_a law_n thus_o most_o statute_n will_v be_v judge_v void_a and_o all_o our_o forefather_n take_v for_o fool_n or_o madman_n to_o make_v all_o our_o law_n to_o give_v all_o penalty_n to_o the_o king_n ix_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n do_v lie_v not_o in_o desire_v a_o king_n but_o in_o desire_v such_o a_o king_n like_o as_o the_o nation_n round_o about_o have_v they_o disinherit_v god_n almighty_a that_o govern_v they_o by_o the_o monarchical_a power_n of_o samuel_n in_o the_o time_n of_o oppression_n when_o god_n provide_v a_o judge_n for_o they_o but_o they_o desire_v a_o perpetual_a and_o hereditary_a king_n that_o they_o may_v never_o want_v in_o desire_v a_o king_n they_o can_v not_o sin_n for_o it_o be_v but_o desire_v what_o they_o enjoy_v by_o god_n special_a providence_n x._o man_n be_v persuade_v that_o in_o make_v of_o a_o covenant_n something_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v on_o both_o part_n by_o mutual_a stipulation_n which_o be_v not_o always_o true_a for_o we_o find_v god_n make_v a_o covenant_n with_o noah_n and_o his_o seed_n with_o all_o the_o fowl_n and_o the_o cattle_n not_o to_o destroy_v the_o earth_n any_o more_o by_o a_o flood_n this_o covenant_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v on_o god_n part_n neither_o noah_n nor_o the_o fowl_n nor_o the_o cattle_n be_v to_o perform_v any_o thing_n by_o this_o covenant_n on_o the_o other_o side_n gen._n 17._o 9_o 10._o god_n covenant_n with_o abraham_n say_v thou_o shall_v keep_v my_o covenant_n every_o male_a child_n among_o you_o shall_v be_v circumcise_v here_o it_o be_v call_v god_n covenant_n though_o it_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v only_o by_o abraham_n so_o a_o covenant_n may_v be_v call_v the_o king_n covenant_n because_o it_o be_v make_v to_o he_o and_o yet_o to_o be_v perform_v only_o by_o the_o people_n so_o also_o 2_o kin._n 11._o 17._o jehoiada_n make_v a_o covenant_n between_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o king_n and_o the_o people_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v the_o lord_n people_n between_o the_o king_n also_o and_o the_o people_n which_o may_v well_o be_v that_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v the_o king_n servant_n and_o not_o for_o the_o king_n be_v covenanting_a to_o keep_v any_o humane_a law_n for_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a the_o king_n shall_v either_o covenant_n or_o take_v any_o oath_n to_o the_o people_n when_o he_o be_v but_o seven_o year_n of_o age_n and_o that_o never_o any_o king_n of_o israel_n take_v a_o coronation-oath_n that_o can_v be_v show_v when_o jehoiada_n show_v the_o king_n to_o the_o ruler_n in_o the_o house_n of_o the_o lord_n he_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o the_o people_n he_o do_v not_o article_n with_o they_o but_o say_v the_o next_o verse_n command_v they_o to_o keep_v a_o watch_n of_o the_o king_n house_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v compass_v the_o king_n around_o about_o every_o man_n with_o his_o weapon_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o he_o that_o come_v within_o the_o range_v let_v he_o be_v slay_v xi_o to_o the_o text_n where_o the_o word_n of_o a_o king_n be_v there_o be_v power_n and_o who_o may_v say_v unto_o he_o what_o do_v thou_o j._n m._n give_v this_o answer_n it_o be_v apparent_a enough_o that_o the_o preacher_n in_o this_o place_n give_v precept_n to_o every_o private_a man_n not_o to_o the_o great_a sanhedrin_n nor_o to_o the_o senate_n shall_v not_o the_o noble_n shall_v not_o all_o the_o other_o magistrate_n shall_v not_o the_o whole_a people_n dare_v to_o mutter_v so_o oft_o as_o the_o king_n please_v to_o dote_v we_o must_v here_o note_v that_o the_o great_a council_n and_o all_o other_o magistrate_n or_o noble_n or_o the_o whole_a people_n compare_v to_o the_o king_n be_v all_o but_o private_a man_n if_o they_o derive_v their_o power_n from_o he_o they_o be_v magistrate_n under_o he_o and_o out_o of_o his_o presence_n for_o when_o he_o be_v in_o place_n they_o be_v but_o so_o many_o private_a man_n i._o m._n ask_v who_o swear_v to_o a_o king_n unless_o the_o king_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v swear_v
to_o keep_v god_n law_n and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n we_o find_v that_o the_o ruler_n of_o israel_n take_v a_o oath_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o jehoash_n but_o we_o find_v no_o oath_n take_v by_o that_o king_n no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o god_n law_n much_o less_o to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o country_n xii_o a_o tyrant_n be_v he_o who_o regard_v neither_o law_n nor_o the_o common_a good_a reign_v only_o for_o himself_o and_o his_o faction_n p._n 19_o in_o his_o defence_n he_o express_v himself_o thus_o he_o be_v a_o tyrant_n who_o look_v after_o only_o his_o own_o and_o not_o his_o people_n profit_n eth._n l._n 10._o p._n 189._o 1._o if_o it_o be_v tyranny_n not_o to_o regard_v the_o law_n than_o all_o court_n of_o equity_n and_o pardon_n for_o any_o offence_n must_v be_v take_v away_o there_o be_v far_o more_o suit_n for_o relief_n against_o the_o law_n than_o there_o be_v for_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o tyranny_n in_o the_o world_n as_o the_o law_n if_o there_o be_v no_o equity_n to_o abate_v the_o rigour_n of_o it_o summum_fw-la ius_n be_v summa_fw-la injuria_fw-la if_o the_o penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o all_o law_n shall_v still_o be_v exact_v by_o all_o king_n it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o the_o great_a tyranny_n will_v be_v for_o a_o king_n to_o govern_v according_a to_o law_n the_o fine_n penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o all_o law_n be_v due_a to_o the_o supreme_a power_n only_o and_o be_v they_o due_o pay_v they_o will_v far_o exceed_v the_o tax_n in_o all_o place_n it_o be_v the_o chief_a happiness_n of_o a_o kingdom_n and_o their_o chief_a liberty_n not_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o law_n only_o 2._o not_o to_o regard_v the_o common_a good_a but_o to_o reign_v only_o for_o himself_o be_v the_o supposition_n of_o a_o impossibility_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o aristotle_n who_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o despotical_a power_n can_v be_v preserve_v except_o the_o servant_n or_o he_o in_o subjection_n be_v also_o preserve_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o strong_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n impossible_a to_o have_v a_o form_n of_o government_n that_o can_v be_v for_o the_o destruction_n of_o a_o people_n as_o tyranny_n be_v suppose_v if_o we_o will_v allow_v people_n to_o be_v govern_v we_o must_v grant_v they_o must_v in_o the_o first_o place_n be_v preserve_v or_o else_o they_o can_v be_v govern_v king_n have_v be_v and_o may_v be_v vicious_a man_n and_o the_o government_n of_o one_o not_o so_o good_a as_o the_o government_n of_o another_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o the_o form_n of_o government_n be_v or_o can_v be_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n ill_o because_o the_o governor_n be_v so_o it_o be_v anarchy_n or_o want_v of_o government_n that_o can_v total_o destroy_v a_o nation_n we_o can_v find_v any_o such_o government_n as_o tyranny_n mention_v or_o name_v in_o scripture_n or_o any_o word_n in_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n to_o express_v it_o after_o such_o time_n as_o the_o city_n of_o greece_n practise_v to_o shake_v off_o monarchy_n then_o and_o not_o till_o then_o which_o be_v after_o homer_n time_n the_o name_n of_o tyrant_n be_v take_v up_o for_o a_o word_n of_o disgrace_n for_o such_o man_n as_o by_o craft_n or_o force_n wrest_v the_o power_n of_o a_o city_n from_o a_o multitude_n to_o one_o man_n only_o and_o not_o for_o the_o exercise_v but_o for_o the_o ill-obtaining_a of_o the_o government_n but_o now_o every_o man_n that_o be_v but_o think_v to_o govern_v ill_a or_o to_o be_v a_o ill_a man_n be_v present_o term_v a_o tyrant_n and_o so_o judge_v by_o his_o subject_n few_o remember_v the_o prohibition_n exod._n 22._o 28._o thou_o shall_v not_o revile_v the_o god_n nor_o curse_v the_o ruler_n of_o thy_o people_n and_o few_o understand_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o though_o we_o may_v not_o one_o judge_n another_o yet_o we_o may_v speak_v evil_a or_o revile_v one_o another_o in_o that_o which_o have_v be_v lawful_o judge_v and_o upon_o a_o trial_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v hear_v and_o condemn_v this_o be_v not_o to_o judge_v but_o only_o to_o relate_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o ruler_n to_o speak_v evil_a or_o to_o revile_v a_o supreme_a judge_n can_v be_v without_o judge_v he_o who_o have_v no_o superior_a on_o earth_n to_o judge_v he_o and_o in_o that_o regard_n must_v always_o be_v presume_v innocent_a though_o never_o so_o ill_a if_o he_o can_v lawful_o be_v hear_v i._o m._n that_o will_v have_v it_o tyranny_n in_o a_o king_n not_o to_o regard_v the_o law_n do_v himself_o give_v as_o little_a regard_n to_o they_o as_o any_o man_n where_o he_o reckon_v that_o contest_v for_o privilege_n custom_n form_n and_o that_o old_a entanglement_n of_o iniquity_n their_o gibberish_n law_n be_v the_o badge_n of_o ancient_a slavery_n tenure_n pag._n 3._o a_o dispute_a precedent_n form_n and_o circumstance_n pag._n 5._o i._o m._n be_v also_o of_o opinion_n that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n our_o forefather_n out_o 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be_v void_a be_v make_v by_o any_o owner_n whatsoever_o against_o the_o â—…ules_n of_o parsimony_n in_o both_o these_o time_n the_o right_a of_o rule_v and_o compel_v be_v as_o grotius_n acknowledge_v comprehend_v so_o far_o forth_o as_o child_n be_v to_o be_v compel_v to_o their_o duty_n or_o amend_v although_o the_o power_n of_o a_o parent_n dâ—…th_v so_o follow_v the_o person_n of_o a_o father_n that_o it_o can_v be_v pull_v away_o and_o transfer_v upon_o another_o yet_o the_o father_n may_v natural_o pawn_v or_o also_o sell_v his_o son_n if_o there_o be_v need_n in_o the_o three_o time_n he_o say_v the_o son_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n free_a and_o of_o his_o own_o authority_n always_o that_o duâ—…_n remain_v of_o piety_n and_o observance_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o be_v perpetual_a in_o this_o triple_a distinction_n though_o grotius_n allow_v child_n in_o some_o case_n during_o the_o second_o and_o in_o all_o case_n during_o the_o three_o time_n to_o be_v free_a and_o of_o their_o 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great_a evil_n do_v so_o yield_v themselves_o into_o another_o power_n as_o that_o they_o do_v except_o nothing_o it_o will_v be_v consider_v how_o without_o war_n any_o people_n can_v be_v bring_v into_o such_o danger_n of_o life_n as_o that_o because_o they_o can_v find_v no_o other_o way_n to_o defend_v themselves_o or_o because_o they_o be_v so_o press_v with_o poverty_n as_o they_o can_v otherwise_o have_v mean_n to_o sustain_v themselves_o they_o be_v force_v to_o renounce_v all_o right_n of_o govern_v themselves_o and_o deliver_v it_o to_o a_o king_n but_o if_o such_o a_o case_n can_v happen_v but_o by_o a_o war_n only_o which_o reduce_v a_o people_n to_o such_o term_n of_o extremity_n as_o compel_v they_o to_o a_o absolute_a abrenuntiation_n of_o all_o sovereignty_n then_o war_n which_o cause_v that_o necessity_n be_v the_o prime_a mean_n of_o extort_v such_o sovereignty_n and_o not_o the_o free_a gift_n of_o the_o people_n who_o can_v otherwise_o choose_v but_o give_v away_o 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per_fw-la minas_fw-la or_o per_fw-la dure_v many_o time_n say_v grotius_n it_o happen_v that_o war_n be_v ground_v upon_o expletive_a justice_n justitiam_fw-la expletricem_fw-la which_o be_v when_o a_o man_n can_v obtain_v what_o he_o ought_v he_o take_v that_o which_o be_v as_o much_o in_o value_n which_o in_o moral_a estimation_n be_v the_o same_o for_o in_o war_n when_o the_o same_o province_n can_v be_v recover_v to_o the_o which_o a_o man_n have_v a_o title_n he_o recover_v another_o of_o the_o like_a value_n this_o recovery_n can_v give_v a_o full_a right_n of_o propriety_n because_o the_o justice_n of_o such_o a_o war_n reach_v no_o far_a than_o to_o a_o compensation_n for_o a_o former_a right_n to_o another_o thing_n and_o therefore_o can_v give_v no_o new_a right_n i_o be_o bind_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o case_n put_v by_o grotius_n among_o those_o cause_n which_o he_o think_v shall_v move_v the_o people_n to_o renounce_v all_o their_o right_n of_o govern_v and_o give_v it_o to_o another_o it_o may_v also_o happen_v say_v he_o that_o a_o father_n of_o a_o family_n possess_v large_a territory_n will_v not_o receive_v any_o man_n to_o dwell_v within_o his_o land_n upon_o any_o other_o condition_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o say_v that_o all_o king_n be_v not_o make_v by_o the_o people_n which_o may_v be_v sufficient_o understand_v by_o the_o example_n of_o a_o father_n of_o a_o family_n receive_v stranger_n under_o the_o law_n of_o obedience_n in_o both_o these_o passage_n we_o have_v a_o close_a and_o curt_a acknowledgement_n that_o a_o father_n of_o a_o family_n may_v be_v a_o absolute_a king_n over_o stranger_n without_o choice_n of_o the_o people_n now_o i_o will_v know_v whether_o such_o father_n of_o family_n have_v not_o the_o same_o absolute_a power_n over_o their_o own_o child_n without_o the_o people_n choice_n which_o he_o allow_v they_o over_o stranger_n if_o they_o have_v i_o can_v but_o call_v they_o absolute_a proprietary_n king_n 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right_n of_o propriety_n or_o power_n to_o alienate_v it_o but_o why_o do_v he_o call_v it_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o a_o term_n too_o mean_a or_o base_a to_o express_v the_o right_n of_o any_o king_n and_o be_v derogatory_n to_o the_o dignity_n of_o supreme_a majesty_n the_o word_n usufructuary_n be_v use_v by_o the_o lawyer_n to_o signify_v he_o that_o have_v the_o use_n profit_n or_o fruit_n of_o some_o corporal_a thing_n that_o may_v be_v use_v without_o the_o property_n for_o of_o fungible_a thing_n res_fw-la fungibiles_fw-la the_o civilian_n call_v they_o that_o be_v spend_v or_o consume_v in_o the_o use_n as_o corn_n wine_n oil_n money_n there_o can_v be_v a_o usufructuary_n right_o it_o be_v to_o make_v a_o kingdom_n all_o one_o with_o a_o farm_n as_o if_o it_o have_v no_o other_o use_v but_o to_o be_v let_v out_o to_o he_o that_o can_v make_v most_o of_o it_o whereas_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v the_o part_n and_o duty_n of_o a_o king_n to_o govern_v and_o he_o have_v a_o right_a so_o to_o do_v and_o to_o that_o end_v supreme_a power_n be_v give_v unto_o he_o the_o take_n of_o the_o profit_n or_o make_v use_v of_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v but_o as_o a_o mean_n only_o to_o enable_v he_o to_o perform_v that_o great_a work_n of_o government_n beside_o grotius_n will_v not_o only_o have_v a_o elect_a king_n but_o also_o his_o lawful_a successor_n to_o have_v but_o a_o usufructuary_n right_o so_o that_o though_o a_o king_n have_v a_o crown_n to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n yet_o he_o will_v allow_v he_o no_o propriety_n because_o he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o alienate_v it_o for_o he_o suppose_v the_o primary_n will_v of_o the_o people_n to_o have_v be_v to_o bestow_v supreme_a power_n to_o go_v in_o succession_n and_o not_o to_o be_v alienable_a but_o for_o this_o he_o have_v no_o better_a proof_n than_o a_o naked_a presumption_n in_o regnis_fw-la quae_fw-la populi_n voluntate_fw-la delata_fw-la sunt_fw-la concedo_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la praesumendum_fw-la eam_fw-la fuisse_fw-la populi_n voluntatem_fw-la ut_fw-la alienatio_fw-la imperii_fw-la svi_fw-la regi_fw-la permitteretur_fw-la but_o though_o he_o will_v not_o allow_v king_n a_o right_a of_o propriety_n in_o their_o kingdom_n yet_o a_o right_n of_o propriety_n there_o must_v be_v in_o some_o body_n and_o in_o who_o but_o in_o the_o people_n for_o he_o say_v the_o empire_n which_o be_v exercise_v by_o king_n do_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o people_n his_o meaning_n be_v the_o use_n be_v the_o king_n be_v but_o the_o property_n be_v the_o people_n but_o if_o the_o power_n to_o alienate_v the_o kingdom_n be_v in_o he_o that_o have_v the_o property_n this_o may_v prove_v a_o comfortable_a doctrine_n to_o the_o people_n but_o yet_o to_o allow_v a_o right_n of_o succession_n in_o king_n and_o still_o to_o reserve_v a_o right_n of_o property_n in_o the_o people_n may_v make_v some_o contradiction_n for_o the_o succession_n must_v either_o hinder_v the_o right_n of_o alienation_n which_o be_v in_o the_o people_n or_o the_o alienation_n must_v destroy_v that_o right_n of_o succession_n which_o by_o grotius_n confession_n may_v attend_v upon_o elect_a king_n though_o grotius_n confess_v that_o supreme_a power_n be_v unum_n quiddam_fw-la and_o in_o itself_o indivisible_a yet_o he_o say_v sometime_o it_o may_v be_v divide_v either_o by_o part_n potential_a or_o subjunctive_a i_o take_v his_o meaning_n to_o be_v that_o the_o government_n or_o the_o govern_v may_v be_v divide_v a_o example_n he_o give_v of_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o east_n and_o west_n but_o whereas_o he_o say_v fieri_fw-la potest_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o may_v be_v the_o people_n choose_v a_o king_n may_v reserve_v some_o action_n to_o themselves_o and_o in_o other_o
they_o may_v give_v full_a power_n to_o the_o king_n the_o example_n he_o bring_v out_o of_o plato_n of_o the_o heraclide_n do_v not_o prove_v it_o and_o it_o be_v to_o dream_v of_o such_o a_o form_n of_o government_n as_o never_o yet_o have_v name_n nor_o be_v ever_o find_v in_o any_o settle_a kingdom_n nor_o can_v possible_o be_v without_o strange_a confusion_n if_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o voluntary_a and_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o man_n when_o they_o be_v free_a to_o put_v themselves_o under_o subjection_n why_o may_v they_o not_o as_o voluntary_o leave_v subjection_n when_o they_o please_v and_o be_v free_a again_o if_o they_o have_v a_o liberty_n to_o change_v their_o natural_a freedom_n into_o a_o voluntary_a subjection_n there_o be_v strong_a reason_n that_o they_o may_v change_v their_o voluntary_a subjection_n into_o natural_a freedom_n since_o it_o be_v as_o lawful_a for_o man_n to_o alter_v their_o will_n as_o their_o judgement_n certain_o it_o be_v a_o rare_a felicity_n that_o all_o the_o man_n in_o the_o world_n at_o one_o instant_a of_o time_n shall_v agree_v together_o in_o one_o mind_n to_o change_v the_o natural_a community_n of_o all_o thing_n into_o private_a dominion_n for_o without_o such_o a_o unanimous_a consent_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o community_n to_o be_v alter_v for_o if_o but_o one_o man_n in_o the_o world_n have_v dissent_v the_o alteration_n have_v be_v unjust_a because_o that_o man_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n have_v a_o right_n to_o the_o common_a use_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n so_o that_o to_o have_v give_v a_o propriety_n of_o any_o one_o thing_n to_o any_o other_o have_v be_v to_o have_v rob_v he_o of_o his_o right_n to_o the_o common_a use_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o of_o this_o judgement_n the_o jesuit_n lud._n molina_n seem_v to_o be_v in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr justitia_fw-la where_o he_o say_v si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la de_fw-la cohabit_v antibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o one_o of_o the_o neighbour_n will_v not_o give_v his_o consent_n to_o it_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v have_v no_o authority_n over_o he_o because_o then_o every_o other_o man_n have_v no_o right_a or_o authority_n over_o he_o and_o therefore_o can_v they_o not_o give_v authority_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n over_o he_o if_o our_o first_o parent_n or_o some_o other_o of_o our_o forefather_n do_v voluntary_o bring_v in_o propriety_n of_o good_n and_o subjection_n to_o governor_n and_o it_o be_v in_o their_o power_n either_o to_o bring_v they_o in_o or_o not_o or_o have_v bring_v they_o in_o to_o alter_v their_o mind_n and_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o first_o condition_n of_o community_n and_o liberty_n what_o reason_n can_v there_o be_v allege_v that_o man_n that_o now_o live_v shall_v not_o have_v the_o same_o power_n so_o that_o if_o any_o one_o man_n in_o the_o world_n be_v he_o never_o so_o mean_a or_o base_a will_v but_o alter_v his_o will_n and_o say_v he_o will_v resume_v his_o natural_a right_n to_o community_n and_o be_v restore_v unto_o his_o natural_a liberty_n and_o consequent_o take_v what_o he_o please_v and_o do_v what_o he_o list_v who_o can_v say_v that_o such_o a_o man_n do_v more_o than_o by_o right_o he_o may_v and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v lawful_a for_o every_o man_n when_o he_o please_v to_o dissolve_v all_o government_n and_o destroy_v all_o property_n whereas_o grotius_n say_v that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n all_o thing_n be_v at_o first_o common_a and_o yet_o teach_v that_o after_o propriety_n be_v bring_v in_o it_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o use_v community_n he_o do_v thereby_o not_o only_o make_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n changeable_a which_o he_o say_v god_fw-we can_v do_v but_o he_o also_o make_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n contrary_n to_o itself_o the_o anarchy_n of_o a_o limit_a or_o mix_v monarchy_n the_o preface_n we_o do_v but_o flatter_v ourselves_o if_o we_o hope_v ever_o to_o be_v govern_v without_o a_o arbitrary_a power_n no_o we_o mistake_v the_o question_n be_v not_o whether_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n but_o the_o only_a point_n be_v who_o shall_v have_v that_o arbitrary_a power_n whether_o one_o man_n or_o many_o there_o never_o be_v nor_o ever_o can_v be_v any_o people_n govern_v without_o a_o power_n of_o make_v law_n and_o every_o power_n of_o make_v law_n must_v be_v arbitrary_a for_o to_o make_v a_o law_n according_a to_o law_n be_v contradictio_fw-la in_o adjecto_fw-la it_o be_v general_o confess_v that_o in_o a_o democracy_n the_o supreme_a or_o arbitrary_a power_n of_o make_v law_n be_v in_o a_o multitude_n and_o so_o in_o a_o aristocracy_n the_o like_a legislative_a or_o arbitrary_a power_n be_v in_o a_o few_o or_o in_o the_o nobility_n and_o therefore_o by_o a_o necessary_a consequence_n in_o a_o monarchy_n the_o same_o legislative_a power_n must_v be_v in_o one_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o aristotle_n who_o say_v government_n be_v in_o one_o or_o in_o a_o few_o or_o in_o many_o this_o ancient_a doctrine_n of_o government_n in_o these_o latter_a day_n have_v be_v strange_o refine_v by_o the_o romanist_n and_o wonderful_o improve_v since_o the_o reformation_n especial_o in_o point_n of_o monarchy_n by_o a_o opinion_n that_o the_o people_n have_v original_o a_o power_n to_o create_v several_a sort_n of_o monarchy_n to_o limit_v and_o compound_v they_o with_o other_o form_n of_o government_n at_o their_o pleasure_n as_o for_o this_o natural_a power_n of_o the_o people_n they_o find_v neither_o scripture_n reason_n or_o practise_v to_o justify_v it_o for_o though_o several_a kingdom_n have_v several_a and_o distinct_a law_n one_o from_o another_o yet_o that_o do_v not_o make_v several_a sort_n of_o monarchy_n nor_o do_v the_o difference_n of_o obtain_v the_o supreme_a power_n whether_o by_o conquest_n election_n succession_n or_o by_o any_o other_o way_n make_v different_a sort_n of_o government_n it_o be_v the_o difference_n only_o of_o the_o author_n of_o the_o law_n and_o not_o of_o the_o law_n themselves_o that_o alter_v the_o form_n of_o government_n that_o be_v whether_o one_o man_n or_o more_o than_o one_o make_v the_o law_n since_o the_o growth_n of_o this_o new_a doctrine_n of_o the_o limitation_n and_o mixture_n of_o monarchy_n it_o be_v most_o apparent_a that_o monarchy_n have_v be_v crucify_v as_o it_o be_v between_o two_o thief_n the_o pope_n and_o the_o people_n for_o what_o principle_n the_o papist_n make_v use_n of_o for_o the_o power_n of_o the_o pope_n above_o king_n the_o very_a same_o by_o blot_v out_o the_o word_n pope_n and_o put_v in_o the_o word_n people_n the_o plebist_n take_v up_o to_o use_v against_o their_o sovereign_n if_o we_o will_v true_o know_v what_o popery_n be_v we_o shall_v find_v by_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o the_o main_a and_o indeed_o the_o only_a point_n of_o popery_n be_v the_o alienate_n and_o withdraw_v of_o subject_n from_o their_o obedience_n to_o their_o prince_n to_o raise_v sedition_n and_o rebellion_n if_o popery_n and_o popularity_n agree_v in_o this_o point_n the_o king_n of_o christendom_n that_o have_v shake_v off_o the_o power_n of_o the_o pope_n have_v make_v no_o great_a bargain_n of_o it_o if_o in_o place_n of_o one_o lord_n abroad_o they_o get_v many_o lord_n at_o home_n within_o their_o own_o kingdom_n i_o can_v but_o reverence_v that_o form_n of_o government_n which_o be_v allow_v and_o make_v use_n of_o for_o god_n own_o people_n and_o for_o all_o other_o nation_n it_o be_v impiety_n to_o think_v that_o god_n who_o be_v careful_a to_o appoint_v judicial_a law_n for_o his_o choose_a people_n will_v not_o furnish_v they_o with_o the_o best_a form_n of_o government_n or_o to_o imagine_v that_o the_o rule_v give_v in_o divers_a place_n in_o the_o gospel_n by_o our_o bless_a saviour_n and_o his_o apostle_n for_o obedience_n to_o king_n shall_v now_o like_o almanac_n out_o of_o date_n be_v of_o no_o use_n to_o we_o because_o it_o be_v pretend_v we_o have_v a_o form_n of_o government_n now_o not_o once_o think_v of_o in_o those_o day_n it_o be_v a_o shame_n and_o scandal_n for_o we_o christian_n to_o seek_v the_o original_a of_o government_n from_o the_o invention_n or_o fiction_n of_o poet_n orator_n philosopher_n and_o heathen_a historian_n who_o all_o live_v thousand_o of_o year_n after_o the_o creation_n and_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n ignorant_a of_o it_o and_o to_o neglect_v the_o scripture_n which_o have_v with_o more_o authority_n most_o particular_o give_v we_o the_o true_a ground_n and_o principle_n of_o government_n these_o consideration_n cause_v i_o to_o scruple_n this_o modern_a piece_n of_o politic_n touch_v limit_v and_o mix_v monarchy_n and_o find_v no_o other_o that_o present_v we_o with_o the_o nature_n and_o mean_n of_o limitation_n
major_a part_n or_o indeed_o any_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n of_o any_o nation_n ever_o assemble_v to_o any_o such_o purpose_n for_o except_v by_o some_o secret_a miraculous_a instinct_n they_o shall_v all_o meet_v at_o one_o time_n and_o place_n what_o one_o man_n or_o company_n of_o man_n less_o than_o the_o whole_a people_n have_v power_n to_o appoint_v either_o time_n or_o place_n of_o election_n where_o all_o be_v alike_o free_a by_o nature_n and_o without_o a_o lawful_a summons_n it_o be_v most_o unjust_a to_o bind_v those_o that_o be_v absent_a the_o whole_a people_n can_v summon_v itself_o one_o man_n be_v sick_a another_o be_v lame_a a_o three_o be_v age_v and_o a_o four_o be_v under_o age_n of_o discretion_n all_o these_o at_o some_o time_n or_o other_o or_o at_o some_o place_n or_o other_o may_v be_v able_a to_o meet_v if_o they_o may_v choose_v their_o own_o time_n and_o place_n as_o man_n natural_o free_a shall_v in_o assembly_n that_o be_v by_o humane_a politic_a constitution_n the_o superior_a power_n that_o ordain_v such_o assembly_n can_v regulate_v and_o confine_v they_o both_o for_o time_n place_n person_n and_o other_o circumstance_n but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o equality_n by_o nature_n there_o can_v be_v no_o superior_a power_n there_o every_o infant_n at_o the_o hour_n it_o be_v bear_v in_o have_v a_o like_a interest_n with_o the_o great_a and_o wise_a man_n in_o the_o world_n mankind_n be_v like_o the_o sea_n ever_o ebb_v or_o flow_v every_o minute_n one_o be_v bear_v another_o die_v those_o that_o be_v the_o people_n this_o minute_n be_v not_o the_o people_n the_o next_o minute_n in_o every_o instant_n and_o point_n of_o time_n there_o be_v a_o variation_n no_o one_o time_n can_v be_v indifferent_a for_o all_o mankind_n to_o assemble_v it_o can_v but_o be_v mischievous_a always_o at_o the_o least_o to_o all_o infant_n and_o other_o under_o age_n of_o discretion_n not_o to_o speak_v of_o woman_n especial_o virgin_n who_o by_o birth_n have_v as_o much_o natural_a freedom_n as_o any_o other_o and_o therefore_o ought_v not_o to_o lose_v their_o liberty_n without_o their_o own_o consent_n but_o in_o part_n of_o salve_n this_o it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o infant_n and_o child_n may_v be_v conclude_v by_o the_o vote_n of_o their_o parent_n this_o remedy_n may_v cure_v some_o part_n of_o the_o mischief_n but_o it_o destroy_v the_o whole_a cause_n and_o at_o last_o stumble_v upon_o the_o true_a original_n of_o government_n for_o if_o it_o be_v allow_v that_o the_o act_n of_o parent_n bind_v the_o child_n then_o farewell_n the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o natural_a freedom_n of_o mankind_n where_o subjection_n of_o child_n to_o parent_n be_v natural_a there_o can_v be_v no_o natural_a freedom_n if_o any_o reply_n that_o not_o all_o child_n shall_v be_v bind_v by_o their_o parent_n consent_n but_o only_o those_o that_o be_v under_o age_n it_o must_v be_v consider_v that_o in_o nature_n there_o be_v no_o 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government_n over_o their_o parent_n to_o all_o this_o it_o may_v be_v oppose_v what_o need_v dispute_v how_o a_o people_n can_v choose_v a_o king_n since_o there_o be_v multitude_n of_o example_n that_o king_n have_v be_v and_o be_v now_o adays_o choose_v by_o their_o people_n the_o answer_n be_v 1._o the_o question_n be_v not_o of_o the_o fact_n but_o of_o the_o right_n whether_o it_o have_v be_v do_v by_o a_o natural_a or_o by_o a_o usurp_a right_n 2._o many_o king_n be_v and_o have_v be_v choose_v by_o some_o small_a part_n of_o a_o people_n but_o by_o the_o the_o whole_a or_o major_a part_n of_o a_o kingdom_n not_o any_o at_o all_o most_o have_v be_v elect_v by_o the_o nobility_n great_a man_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n as_o in_o poland_n denmark_n and_o in_o sweden_n not_o by_o any_o collective_a or_o representative_a body_n of_o any_o nation_n sometime_o a_o factious_a or_o seditious_a city_n or_o a_o mutinous_a army_n have_v set_v up_o a_o king_n but_o none_o of_o all_o those_o can_v ever_o prove_v they_o have_v right_a or_o just_a title_n either_o by_o nature_n or_o any_o otherwise_o for_o such_o election_n we_o may_v resolve_v upon_o these_o two_o proposition_n 1._o that_o the_o people_n have_v no_o power_n or_o right_v of_o themselves_o to_o choose_v king_n 2._o if_o they_o have_v any_o such_o right_a it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o any_o way_n lawful_o to_o exercise_v it_o you_o will_v say_v there_o must_v necessary_o be_v a_o right_a in_o somebody_o to_o elect_v in_o case_n a_o king_n die_v without_o a_o heir_n i_o answer_v no_o king_n can_v die_v without_o a_o heir_n as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v any_o one_o man_n live_v in_o the_o world_n it_o may_v be_v the_o heir_n may_v be_v unknown_a to_o the_o people_n but_o that_o be_v no_o fault_n in_o nature_n but_o the_o negligence_n or_o ignorance_n of_o those_o who_o it_o concern_v but_o if_o a_o king_n can_v die_v without_o a_o heir_n yet_o the_o kingly_a power_n in_o that_o case_n shall_v not_o escheat_n to_o the_o whole_a people_n but_o to_o the_o supreme_a head_n and_o father_n of_o family_n not_o as_o they_o be_v the_o people_n but_o quatenus_fw-la they_o be_v father_n of_o people_n over_o who_o they_o have_v a_o supreme_a power_n devolve_v unto_o they_o after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o sovereign_a ancestor_n and_o if_o any_o can_v have_v a_o right_a to_o choose_v a_o king_n it_o must_v be_v these_o father_n by_o confer_v their_o distinct_a fatherly_a power_n upon_o one_o man_n alone_o chief_a father_n in_o scripture_n be_v account_v as_o all_o the_o people_n as_o all_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n as_o all_o the_o congregation_n as_o the_o text_n plain_o expound_v itself_o 2_o chr._n 1._o 2._o where_o solomon_n speak_v to_o all_o israel_n that_o be_v to_o the_o captain_n the_o judge_n and_o to_o every_o governor_n the_o chief_z of_o the_o father_n and_o so_o the_o elder_n of_o israel_n be_v expound_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o father_n of_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n 1_o king_n 8._o 1._o and_o the_o 2_o chr._n 5._o 2._o if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o king_n be_v not_o now_o as_o they_o be_v at_o the_o first_o plant_v or_o people_n of_o the_o world_n the_o father_n of_o their_o people_n or_o kingdom_n and_o that_o the_o fatherhood_n have_v lose_v the_o right_a of_o govern_v a_o answer_n be_v that_o all_o king_n that_o now_o be_v or_o ever_o be_v be_v or_o be_v either_o father_n of_o their_o people_n or_o the_o heir_n of_o such_o father_n or_o usurper_n of_o the_o right_n of_o such_o father_n it_o be_v a_o truth_n undeniable_a that_o there_o can_v be_v any_o multitude_n of_o man_n whatsoever_o either_o great_a or_o small_a though_o gather_v together_o from_o the_o several_a corner_n and_o remote_a region_n of_o the_o world_n but_o that_o in_o the_o same_o multitude_n consider_v by_o itself_o there_o be_v one_o man_n among_o they_o that_o in_o nature_n have_v a_o right_a to_o be_v the_o king_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n as_o be_v the_o next_o heir_n to_o adam_n and_o all_o the_o other_o subject_n unto_o he_o every_o man_n by_o nature_n be_v a_o king_n or_o a_o subject_a the_o obedience_n which_o all_o subject_n yield_v to_o king_n be_v but_o the_o pay_n of_o that_o duty_n which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o supreme_a fatherhood_n many_o time_n by_o the_o act_n either_o of_o a_o usurper_n himself_o or_o of_o those_o that_o set_v he_o up_o the_o true_a heir_n of_o a_o crown_n be_v dispossess_v god_n use_v the_o ministry_n of_o the_o wicked_a man_n for_o the_o remove_n and_o set_v up_o of_o king_n in_o such_o case_n the_o subject_n obedience_n to_o the_o fatherly_a power_n must_v go_v along_o and_o wait_v upon_o god_n providence_n who_o only_o have_v right_a to_o
forget_v himself_o and_o reckon_v up_o a_o five_o kind_n of_o monarchy_n which_o be_v say_v he_o when_o one_o alone_o have_v supreme_a power_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o as_o there_o be_v a_o domestical_a kingdom_n of_o one_o house_n so_o the_o kingdom_n of_o a_o city_n or_o of_o one_o or_o many_o nation_n be_v a_o family_n these_o be_v all_o the_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n that_o aristotle_n have_v find_v out_o and_o he_o have_v strain_v hard_a to_o make_v they_o so_o many_o first_o for_o his_o lacedaemonian_a king_n himself_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v but_o a_o kind_n of_o military_a commander_n in_o war_n and_o so_o in_o effect_n no_o more_o a_o king_n than_o all_o general_n of_o army_n and_o yet_o this_o noking_n of_o his_o be_v not_o limit_v by_o any_o law_n nor_o mix_v with_o any_o companion_n of_o his_o government_n when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o war_n out_o of_o the_o confine_n of_o lacedaemon_n he_o be_v as_o aristotle_n style_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o full_a and_o absolute_a command_n no_o law_n no_o companion_n to_o govern_v his_o army_n but_o his_o own_o will_n next_o for_o aristotle_n aesymnetical_a king_n it_o appear_v he_o be_v out_o of_o date_n in_o aristotle_n time_n for_o he_o say_v he_o be_v among_o the_o ancient_a greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d aristotle_n may_v well_o have_v spare_v the_o name_v he_o if_o he_o have_v not_o want_v other_o sort_n for_o the_o honour_n of_o his_o own_o nation_n for_o he_o that_o but_o now_o tell_v we_o the_o barbarian_n be_v of_o a_o more_o servile_a nature_n than_o the_o grecian_n come_v here_o and_o tell_v we_o that_o these_o old_a greek_a king_n be_v elective_a tyrant_n the_o barbarian_n do_v but_o suffer_v tyrant_n in_o show_n but_o the_o old_a grecian_n choose_v tyrant_n indeed_o which_o then_o must_v we_o think_v be_v the_o great_a slave_n the_o greek_n or_o the_o barbarian_n now_o if_o these_o sort_n of_o king_n be_v tyrant_n we_o can_v suppose_v they_o be_v limit_v either_o by_o law_n or_o join_v with_o companion_n indeed_o arist._n say_v some_o of_o these_o tyrant_n be_v limit_v to_o certain_a time_n and_o action_n for_o they_o have_v not_o all_o their_o power_n for_o term_v of_o life_n nor_o can_v meddle_v but_o in_o certain_a business_n yet_o during_o the_o time_n they_o be_v tyrant_n and_o in_o the_o action_n whereto_o they_o be_v limit_v they_o have_v absolute_a power_n to_o do_v what_o they_o list_v according_a to_o their_o own_o will_n or_o else_o they_o can_v not_o have_v be_v say_v to_o be_v tyrant_n as_o for_o aristotle_n heroic_a king_n he_o give_v the_o like_a note_n upon_o he_o that_o he_o do_v upon_o the_o aesymnet_n that_o he_o be_v in_o old_a time_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o heroic_a time_n the_o thing_n that_o make_v these_o heroical_a kingdom_n differ_v from_o other_o sort_n of_o kingdom_n be_v only_o the_o mean_n by_o which_o the_o first_o king_n obtain_v their_o kingdom_n and_o not_o the_o manner_n of_o government_n for_o in_o that_o they_o be_v as_o absolute_a as_o other_o king_n be_v without_o either_o limitation_n by_o law_n or_o mixture_n of_o companion_n last_o as_o for_o arist._n barbarick_n sort_n of_o king_n since_o he_o reckon_v all_o the_o world_n barbarian_n except_o the_o grecian_n his_o barbaric_a king_n must_v extend_v to_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o king_n in_o the_o world_n beside_o those_o of_o greece_n and_o so_o may_v go_v under_o aristotle_n five_o sort_n of_o king_n which_o in_o general_n comprehend_v all_o other_o sort_n and_o be_v no_o special_a form_n of_o monarchy_n thus_o upon_o a_o true_a account_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o five_o several_a sort_n of_o king_n mention_v by_o aristotle_n be_v at_o the_o most_o but_o different_a and_o accidental_a mean_n of_o the_o first_o obtain_v or_o hold_v of_o monarchy_n and_o not_o real_a or_o essential_a difference_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o government_n which_o be_v always_o absolute_a without_o either_o limitation_n or_o mixture_n i_o may_v be_v think_v perhaps_o to_o mistake_v or_o wrong_a aristotle_n in_o question_v his_o diversity_n of_o king_n but_o it_o seem_v aristotle_n himself_o be_v partly_o of_o the_o same_o mind_n for_o in_o the_o very_a next_o chapter_n when_o he_o have_v better_a consider_v of_o the_o point_n he_o confess_v that_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n there_o be_v almost_o but_o two_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n worth_a the_o consider_v that_o be_v his_o first_o or_o laconic_a sort_n and_o his_o five_o or_o last_o sort_n where_o one_o alone_o have_v supreme_a power_n over_o all_o the_o rest_n thus_o he_o have_v bring_v his_o five_o sort_n to_o two_o now_o for_o the_o first_o of_o these_o two_o his_o lacedaemonian_a king_n he_o have_v confess_v before_o that_o he_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o generalissimo_n of_o a_o army_n and_o so_o upon_o the_o matter_n no_o king_n at_o all_o and_o then_o there_o remain_v only_o his_o last_o sort_n of_o king_n where_o one_o alone_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n and_o this_o in_o substance_n be_v the_o final_a resolution_n of_o aristotle_n himself_n for_o in_o his_o sixteen_o chapter_n where_o he_o deliver_v his_o last_o thought_n touch_v the_o kind_n of_o monarchy_n he_o first_o discharge_v his_o laconic_a king_n from_o be_v any_o sort_n of_o monarchy_n and_o then_o give_v we_o two_o exact_a rule_n about_o monarchy_n and_o both_o these_o be_v pointblank_o against_o limit_a and_o mix_v monarchy_n therefore_o i_o shall_v propose_v they_o to_o be_v consider_v of_o as_o conclude_v all_o monarchy_n to_o be_v absolute_a and_o arbitrary_a 1._o the_o one_o rule_n be_v that_o he_o that_o be_v say_v 16._o to_o be_v a_o king_n according_a to_o law_n be_v no_o sort_n of_o government_n or_o kingdom_n at_o all_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 2._o the_o second_o rule_n be_v that_o a_o true_a king_n be_v he_o that_o rule_v all_o according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d this_o latter_a free_v a_o monarch_n from_o the_o mixture_n of_o partner_n or_o sharer_n in_o government_n as_o the_o former_a rule_n do_v from_o limitation_n by_o law_n thus_o in_o brief_a i_o have_v trace_v aristotle_n in_o his_o crabbed_a and_o break_a passage_n touch_v diversity_n of_o king_n where_o he_o first_o find_v but_o four_o sort_n and_o then_o he_o stumble_v upon_o a_o five_o and_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n content_v himself_o only_o with_o two_o sort_n of_o king_n but_o in_o the_o chapter_n follow_v conclude_v with_o one_o which_o be_v the_o true_a perfect_a monarch_n who_o rule_v all_o by_o his_o own_o will_n in_o all_o this_o we_o find_v nothing_o for_o a_o regulate_v or_o mix_v monarchy_n but_o against_o it_o moreover_o whereas_o the_o author_n of_o the_o treatise_n of_o monarchy_n affirm_v it_o as_o a_o prime_a principle_n that_o all_o monarchy_n except_o that_o of_o the_o jew_n depend_v upon_o humane_a designment_n when_o the_o consent_n of_o a_o society_n of_o man_n and_o a_o fundamental_a contract_n of_o a_o nation_n by_o original_n or_o radical_a constitution_n confer_v power_n he_o must_v know_v that_o arist._n search_v into_o the_o original_n of_o government_n show_v himself_o in_o this_o point_n a_o better_a divine_a than_o our_o author_n and_o as_o if_o he_o have_v study_v the_o book_n of_o genesis_n teach_v that_o monarchy_n fetch_v their_o pedigree_n from_o the_o right_n of_o father_n and_o not_o from_o the_o gift_n or_o contract_n of_o people_n his_o word_n may_v thus_o be_v english_v at_o the_o first_o city_n be_v govern_v by_o king_n and_o so_o even_o to_o this_o day_n be_v nation_n also_o for_o such_o as_o be_v under_o kingly_a government_n do_v come_v together_o for_o every_o house_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o king_n who_o be_v the_o elder_a and_o so_o also_o colony_n be_v govern_v for_o kindred_n sake_n and_o immediate_o before_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o first_o society_n make_v of_o many_o house_n be_v a_o village_n which_o natural_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o a_o house_n which_o some_o call_v foster-brethren_n or_o child_n and_o child_n child_n so_o in_o conclusion_n we_o have_v gain_v aristotle_n judgement_n in_o three_o main_a and_o essential_a point_n 1._o a_o king_n according_a to_o law_n make_v no_o kind_n of_o government_n 2._o a_o king_n must_v rule_v according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n 3._o the_o original_a of_o king_n be_v from_o the_o right_n of_o fatherhood_n what_o aristotle_n judgement_n be_v two_o thousand_o year_n since_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o great_a modern_a politician_n bodin_n hear_v he_o touch_v limit_v monarchy_n unto_o majesty_n or_o sovereignty_n say_v he_o belong_v a_o absolute_a power_n not_o subject_a to_o any_o law_n chief_a power_n give_v unto_o a_o prince_n with_o condition_n be_v not_o proper_o
sovereignty_n or_o power_n absolute_a except_o such_o condition_n annex_v to_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v direct_o comprehend_v within_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n albeit_o by_o the_o sufferance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n controversy_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n be_v sometime_o determine_v by_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n and_o sometime_o by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n yet_o all_o the_o estate_n remain_v in_o full_a subjection_n to_o the_o king_n who_o be_v no_o way_n bind_v to_o follow_v their_o advice_n neither_o to_o consent_v to_o their_o request_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o law_n privilege_n and_o grant_n of_o prince_n have_v no_o force_n but_o during_o their_o life_n if_o they_o be_v not_o ratify_v by_o the_o express_a consent_n or_o by_o sufferance_n of_o the_o prince_n follow_v especial_o privilege_n much_o less_o shall_v a_o prince_n be_v bind_v unto_o the_o law_n he_o make_v himself_o for_o a_o man_n may_v well_o receive_v a_o law_n from_o another_o man_n but_o impossible_a it_o be_v in_o nature_n for_o to_o give_v a_o law_n unto_o himself_o no_o more_o than_o it_o be_v to_o command_v a_o man_n self_n in_o a_o matter_n depend_v of_o his_o own_o will_n the_o law_n say_v nulla_fw-la obligatio_fw-la consistere_fw-la potest_fw-la quae_fw-la à _fw-la voluntate_fw-la promittentis_fw-la statum_fw-la capit_fw-la the_o sovereign_a prince_n may_v derogate_v unto_o the_o law_n that_o he_o have_v promise_v and_o swear_v to_o keep_v if_o the_o equity_n thereof_o be_v cease_v and_o that_o of_o himself_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o subject_n the_o majesty_n of_o a_o true_a sovereign_a prince_n be_v to_o be_v know_v when_o the_o estate_n of_o all_o the_o people_n assemble_v in_o all_o humility_n present_v their_o request_n and_o supplication_n to_o their_o prince_n without_o have_v power_n in_o any_o thing_n to_o command_v determine_v or_o give_v voice_n but_o that_o that_o which_o it_o please_v the_o king_n to_o like_v or_o dislike_v to_o command_v or_o bid_v be_v hold_v for_o law_n wherein_o they_o which_o have_v write_v of_o the_o duty_n of_o magistrate_n have_v deceive_v themselves_o in_o maintain_v that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o people_n be_v great_a than_o the_o prince_n a_o thing_n which_o cause_v oft_o true_a subject_n to_o revolt_v from_o their_o obedience_n to_o their_o prince_n and_o minister_v matter_n of_o great_a trouble_n in_o commonwealth_n of_o which_o their_o opinion_n there_o be_v neither_o reason_n nor_o ground_n for_o if_o the_o king_n be_v subject_a unto_o the_o assembly_n and_o decree_n of_o the_o people_n he_o shall_v neither_o be_v king_n nor_o sovereign_n and_o the_o commonwealth_n neither_o realm_n nor_o monarchy_n but_o a_o mere_a aristocracy_n so_o we_o see_v the_o principal_a point_n of_o sovereign_a majesty_n and_o absolute_a power_n to_o consist_v principal_o in_o give_v law_n unto_o the_o subject_n in_o general_a without_o their_o consent_n bodin_n de_fw-fr rep._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o to_o confound_v the_o state_n of_o monarchy_n with_o the_o popular_a or_o aristocratical_a estate_n be_v a_o thing_n impossible_a and_o in_o effect_n incompatible_a and_o such_o as_o can_v be_v imagine_v for_o sovereignty_n be_v of_o itself_o indivisible_a how_o can_v it_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o one_o prince_n the_o nobility_n and_o the_o people_n in_o common_a the_o first_o mark_n of_o sovereign_a majesty_n be_v to_o be_v of_o power_n to_o give_v law_n and_o to_o command_v over_o they_o unto_o the_o subject_n and_o who_o shall_v those_o subject_n be_v that_o shall_v yield_v their_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n if_o they_o shall_v have_v also_o power_n to_o make_v the_o law_n who_o shall_v he_o be_v that_o can_v give_v the_o law_n be_v himself_o constrain_v to_o receive_v it_o of_o they_o unto_o who_o himself_o give_v it_o so_o that_o of_o necessity_n we_o must_v conclude_v that_o as_o no_o one_o in_o particular_a have_v the_o power_n to_o make_v the_o law_n in_o such_o a_o state_n that_o then_o the_o state_n must_v needs_o be_v a_o state_n popular_fw-la never_a any_o commonwealth_n have_v be_v make_v of_o a_o aristocracy_n and_o popular_a estate_n much_o less_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o a_o common-weal_n such_o state_n wherein_o the_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n be_v divide_v be_v not_o right_o to_o be_v call_v common-weal_n but_o rather_o the_o corruption_n of_o commonweal_n as_o herodotus_n have_v most_o brief_o but_o true_o write_v common-weal_n which_o change_v their_o state_n the_o sovereign_n right_a and_o power_n of_o they_o be_v divide_v find_v no_o rest_n from_o civil_a war_n and_o broil_n till_o they_o again_o recover_v some_o one_o of_o the_o three_o form_n and_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v whole_o in_o one_o of_o the_o state_n or_o other_o where_o the_o right_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n be_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o subject_n in_o that_o confusion_n of_o state_n there_o be_v still_o endless_a stir_n and_o quarrel_n for_o the_o superiority_n until_o that_o some_o one_o some_o few_o or_o all_o together_o have_v get_v the_o sovereignty_n id._n lib._n 2._o c._n 1._o this_o judgement_n of_o bodin_n touch_v limit_v and_o mix_v monarchy_n be_v not_o according_a to_o the_o mind_n of_o our_o author_n nor_o yet_o of_o the_o observator_fw-la who_o use_v the_o strength_n of_o his_o wit_n to_o overthrow_v absolute_a and_o arbitrary_a government_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o main_a body_n of_o his_o discourse_n le_fw-fr we_o fall_v such_o truth_n from_o his_o pen_n as_o give_v a_o deadly_a wound_n to_o the_o cause_n he_o plead_v for_o if_o they_o be_v indifferent_o weigh_v and_o consider_v i_o will_v not_o pick_v a_o line_n or_o two_o here_o and_o there_o to_o wrest_v against_o he_o but_o will_v present_v a_o whole_a page_n of_o his_o book_n or_o more_o together_o that_o so_o we_o may_v have_v a_o entire_a prospect_n upon_o the_o observator_n mind_n without_o society_n say_v the_o observator_fw-la man_n can_v not_o live_v without_o law_n man_n can_v not_o be_v sociable_a and_o without_o authority_n somewhere_o to_o judge_v according_a to_o law_n law_n be_v vain_a it_o be_v soon_o therefore_o provide_v that_o law_n according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o reason_n shall_v be_v ratify_v by_o common_a consent_n when_o it_o afterward_o appear_v that_o man_n be_v yet_o subject_a to_o unnatural_a destruction_n by_o the_o tyranny_n of_o entrust_v magistrate_n a_o mischief_n almost_o as_o fatal_a as_o to_o be_v without_o all_o magistracy_n how_o to_o provide_v a_o wholesome_a remedy_n therefore_o be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o be_v invent_v it_o be_v not_o difficult_a to_o invent_v law_n for_o the_o limit_v of_o supreme_a governor_n but_o to_o invent_v how_o those_o law_n shall_v be_v execute_v or_o by_o who_o interpret_v be_v almost_o impossible_a nam_fw-la quis_fw-la custodiet_fw-la ipsos_fw-la custodes_fw-la to_o place_v a_o superior_a above_o a_o supreme_a be_v hold_v unnatural_a yet_o what_o a_o lifeless_a thing_n will_v law_n be_v without_o any_o judge_n to_o determine_v and_o force_v it_o if_o it_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o limit_n shall_v be_v prefix_v to_o prince_n and_o judge_n to_o decree_v according_a to_o those_o limit_n yet_o another_o inconvenience_n will_v present_o affront_v we_o for_o we_o can_v restrain_v prince_n too_o far_o but_o we_o shall_v disable_v they_o from_o some_o good_a long_o it_o be_v ere_o the_o world_n can_v extricate_v itself_o out_o of_o all_o these_o extremity_n or_o find_v out_o a_o orderly_a mean_n whereby_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o unbounded_a prerogative_n on_o this_o hand_n and_o to_o excessive_a liberty_n on_o the_o other_o and_o scarce_o have_v long_a experience_n yet_o full_o satisfy_v the_o mind_n of_o all_o man_n in_o it_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n when_o man_n be_v not_o so_o artificial_a and_o obdurate_a in_o cruelty_n and_o oppression_n as_o now_o and_o policy_n most_o rude_a most_o nation_n do_v choose_v rather_o to_o subject_v themselves_o to_o the_o mere_a discretion_n of_o their_o lord_n than_o rely_v upon_o any_o limit_n and_o so_o be_v rule_v by_o arbitrary_a edict_n than_o write_v statute_n but_o since_o tyranny_n be_v more_o exquisite_a and_o policy_n more_o perfect_a especial_o where_o learning_n and_o religion_n flourish_v few_o nation_n will_v endure_v the_o thraldom_n which_o usual_o accompany_v unbounded_a and_o unconditionate_n royalty_n yet_o long_o it_o be_v ere_o the_o bound_n and_o condition_n of_o supreme_a lord_n be_v so_o wise_o determine_v or_o quiet_o conserve_v as_o now_o they_o be_v for_o at_o first_o when_o as_o ephori_fw-la tribuni_fw-la curatores_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v erect_v to_o poise_v against_o the_o scale_n of_o sovereignty_n much_o blood_n be_v shed_v about_o they_o and_o state_n be_v put_v into_o new_a broil_n by_o they_o and_o some_o place_n
a_o little_a enquiry_n will_v be_v make_v into_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o government_n of_o these_o kingdom_n for_o these_o northern_a people_n as_o bodin_n observe_v breath_n after_o liberty_n first_o for_o poland_n boterus_n say_v that_o the_o government_n of_o it_o be_v elective_a altogether_o and_o represent_v rather_o a_o aristocracy_n than_o a_o kingdom_n the_o nobility_n who_o have_v great_a authority_n in_o the_o diet_n choose_v the_o king_n and_o limit_v his_o authority_n make_v his_o sovereignty_n but_o a_o slavish_a royalty_n these_o diminution_n of_o regality_n begin_v first_o by_o default_n of_o king_n lewis_n and_o jagello_n who_o to_o gain_v the_o succession_n in_o the_o kingdom_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n one_o for_o his_o daughter_n and_o the_o other_o for_o his_o son_n depart_v with_o many_o of_o his_o royalty_n and_o prerogative_n to_o buy_v the_o voice_n of_o the_o nobility_n the_o french_a author_n of_o the_o book_n call_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o world_n do_v inform_v we_o that_o the_o prince_n authority_n be_v more_o free_a not_o be_v subject_n to_o any_o law_n and_o have_v absolute_a power_n not_o only_o of_o their_o estate_n but_o also_o of_o life_n and_o death_n since_o christian_a religion_n be_v receive_v it_o begin_v to_o be_v moderate_v first_o by_o holy_a admonition_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n and_o then_o by_o service_n of_o the_o nobility_n in_o war_n religious_a prince_n give_v many_o honour_n and_o many_o liberty_n to_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n and_o quit_v much_o of_o their_o right_n the_o which_o their_o successor_n have_v continue_v the_o superior_a dignity_n be_v reduce_v to_o two_o degree_n that_o be_v the_o palatinate_n and_o the_o chastelleine_a for_o that_o king_n in_o former_a time_n do_v by_o little_a and_o little_o call_v these_o man_n to_o public_a consultation_n notwithstanding_o that_o they_o have_v absolute_a power_n to_o do_v all_o thing_n of_o themselves_o to_o command_v dispose_n recompense_n and_o punish_v of_o their_o own_o motion_n since_o they_o have_v ordain_v that_o these_o dignity_n shall_v make_v the_o body_n of_o a_o senate_n the_o king_n do_v not_o challenge_v much_o right_a and_o power_n over_o his_o nobility_n nor_o over_o their_o estate_n neither_o have_v he_o any_o over_o the_o clergy_n and_o though_o the_o king_n authority_n depend_v on_o the_o nobility_n for_o his_o election_n yet_o in_o many_o thing_n it_o be_v absolute_a after_o he_o be_v choose_v he_o appoint_v the_o diet_n at_o what_o time_n and_o place_n he_o please_v he_o choose_v lay-councellor_n and_o nominate_v the_o bishop_n and_o who_o he_o will_v have_v to_o be_v his_o privy_a council_n he_o be_v absolute_a disposer_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n he_o be_v absolute_a establisher_n of_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o diet_n it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o advance_v and_o reward_v who_o he_o please_v he_o be_v lord_n immediate_a of_o his_o subject_n but_o not_o of_o his_o nobility_n he_o be_v sovereign_a judge_n of_o his_o nobility_n in_o criminal_a cause_n the_o power_n of_o the_o nobility_n daily_o increase_v for_o that_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o king_n election_n they_o neither_o have_v law_n rule_n nor_o form_n to_o do_v it_o neither_o by_o write_v nor_o tradition_n as_o the_o king_n govern_v his_o subject_n which_o be_v immediate_o he_o with_o absolute_a authority_n so_o the_o nobility_n dispose_v immediate_o of_o their_o vassal_n over_o who_o every_o one_o have_v more_o than_o a_o regal_a power_n so_o as_o they_o entreat_v they_o like_o slave_n there_o be_v certain_a man_n in_o poland_n who_o be_v call_v earthly_a messenger_n or_o nuntio_n they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v agent_n of_o jurisdiction_n or_o circle_n of_o the_o nobility_n these_o have_v a_o certain_a authority_n and_o as_o boterus_n say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o their_o diet_n these_o man_n assemble_v in_o a_o place_n near_o to_o the_o senate-house_n where_o they_o choose_v two_o marshal_n by_o who_o but_o with_o a_o tribune-like_a authority_n they_o signify_v unto_o the_o council_n what_o their_o request_n be_v not_o long_o since_o their_o authority_n and_o reputation_n grow_v so_o mighty_o that_o they_o now_o carry_v themselves_o as_o head_n and_o governor_n rather_o than_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o public_a decree_n of_o the_o state_n one_o of_o the_o council_n refuse_v his_o senator_n place_n to_o become_v one_o of_o these_o officer_n every_o palatine_a the_o king_n require_v it_o call_v together_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o his_o palatinate_n where_o have_v propound_v unto_o they_o the_o matter_n whereon_o they_o be_v to_o treat_v and_o their_o will_n be_v know_v they_o choose_v four_o or_o six_o out_o of_o the_o company_n of_o the_o earthly_a messenger_n these_o deputy_n meet_v and_o make_v one_o body_n which_o they_o call_v the_o order_n of_o knight_n this_o be_v of_o late_a year_n the_o manner_n and_o order_n of_o the_o government_n of_o poland_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o the_o observator_fw-la to_o find_v among_o they_o that_o the_o whole_a community_n in_o its_o underive_v majesty_n do_v ever_o convene_v to_o do_v justice_n nor_o any_o election_n or_o representation_n of_o the_o community_n or_o that_o the_o people_n assume_v its_o own_o power_n to_o do_v itself_o right_a the_o earthly_a messenger_n though_o they_o may_v be_v think_v to_o represent_v the_o commons_o and_o of_o late_o take_v much_o upon_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v elect_v and_o choose_v by_o the_o nobility_n as_o their_o agent_n and_o officer_n the_o community_n be_v either_o vassal_n to_o the_o king_n or_o to_o the_o nobility_n and_o enjoy_v as_o little_a freedom_n or_o liberty_n as_o any_o nation_n but_o it_o may_v be_v say_v perhaps_o that_o though_o the_o community_n do_v not_o limit_v the_o king_n yet_o the_o nobility_n do_v and_o so_o he_o be_v a_o limit_a monarchy_n the_o answer_n be_v that_o in_o truth_n though_o the_o nobility_n at_o the_o choose_n of_o their_o king_n do_v limit_v his_o power_n and_o do_v give_v he_o a_o oath_n yet_o afterward_o they_o have_v always_o a_o desire_n to_o please_v he_o and_o to_o second_v his_o will_n and_o this_o they_o be_v force_v to_o do_v to_o avoid_v discord_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a power_n they_o be_v subject_a to_o great_a dissension_n not_o only_o among_o themselves_o but_o between_o they_o and_o the_o order_n of_o knight_n which_o be_v the_o earthly_a messenger_n yea_o the_o province_n be_v at_o discord_n one_o with_o another_o and_o as_o for_o religion_n the_o diversity_n of_o sect_n in_o poland_n breed_v perpetual_a jar_n and_o hatred_n among_o the_o people_n there_o be_v as_o many_o sect_n as_o in_o amsterdam_n itself_o or_o any_o popular_a government_n can_v desire_v the_o danger_n of_o sedition_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o though_o the_o crown_n depend_v on_o the_o election_n of_o the_o nobility_n yet_o they_o have_v never_o reject_v the_o king_n successor_n or_o transfer_v the_o realm_n to_o any_o other_o family_n but_o once_o when_o depose_v ladislaus_n for_o his_o idleness_n who_o yet_o afterward_o they_o restore_v they_o elect_v wencelaus_n king_n of_o bohemia_n but_o if_o the_o nobility_n do_v agree_v to_o hold_v their_o king_n to_o his_o condition_n which_o be_v not_o to_o conclude_v any_o thing_n but_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n of_o noble_n nor_o to_o choose_v any_o wife_n without_o their_o leaf_n than_o it_o must_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o common-weal_n not_o a_o royalty_n and_o the_o king_n but_o only_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o as_o queen_n christina_n complain_v that_o her_o husband_n be_v but_o the_o shadow_n of_o a_o sovereign_n next_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v how_o the_o nobility_n of_o poland_n come_v to_o this_o great_a power_n it_o be_v not_o by_o any_o original_a contract_n or_o popular_a convention_n for_o it_o be_v say_v they_o have_v neither_o law_n rule_n nor_o form_n write_v or_o unwritten_a for_o the_o election_n of_o their_o king_n they_o may_v thank_v the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n for_o by_o their_o holy_a admonition_n and_o advice_n good_a and_o religious_a prince_n to_o show_v their_o piety_n be_v first_o bring_v to_o give_v much_o of_o their_o right_n and_o privilege_n to_o their_o subject_n devout_a king_n be_v mere_o cheat_v of_o some_o of_o their_o royalty_n what_o power_n soever_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n claim_v or_o exercise_v over_o and_o above_o the_o bare_a naked_a act_n of_o councel_n they_o be_v first_o behold_v to_o the_o popish_a clergy_n for_o it_o it_o be_v they_o first_o bring_v parliament_n into_o request_n and_o power_n i_o can_v find_v in_o any_o kingdom_n but_o only_o where_o popery_n have_v be_v that_o parliament_n have_v be_v of_o reputation_n and_o in_o the_o great_a time_n of_o superstition_n they_o be_v first_o mention_v as_o for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n
knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n 4._o the_o penalty_n of_o 40_o l_o for_o major_n or_o bailiff_n make_v untrue_a return_v 5._o due_a election_n of_o knight_n must_v be_v in_o the_o full_a county-court_n between_o the_o hour_n of_o eight_o and_o eleven_o before_o noon_n 6._o the_o party_n must_v begin_v his_o suit_n within_o 3_o month_n after_o the_o parliament_n begin_v 7._o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n shall_v be_v notable_a knight_n of_o the_o county_n or_o such_o notable_a esquire_n or_o gentleman_n bear_v of_o the_o say_a county_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v knight_n and_o no_o man_n to_o be_v such_o knight_n which_o stand_v in_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o yeoman_n and_o under_o the_o last_o thing_n i_o observe_v in_o the_o writ_n for_o election_n of_o member_n for_o parliament_n be_v that_o by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o writ_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n for_o the_o parliament_n be_v eligible_a at_o the_o county-court_n as_o well_o as_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o that_o not_o only_a freeholders_n but_o all_o other_o whosoever_o be_v present_a at_o the_o county-court_n have_v voice_n in_o such_o election_n see_v the_o stat._n 7._o hen._n 4._o cap._n 15._o i_o have_v the_o long_o insist_v on_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v the_o power_n and_o action_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v principal_o justify_v by_o the_o trust_n which_o the_o freeholders_n commit_v unto_o they_o by_o virtue_n of_o this_o writ_n i_o will_v not_o be_v understand_v to_o determine_v what_o power_n the_o house_n of_o commons_o do_v or_o may_v exercise_v if_o the_o king_n please_v i_o confine_v myself_o only_o to_o the_o power_n in_o the_o writ_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o king_n hen._n 7._o in_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o britain_n and_o king_n james_n in_o the_o business_n of_o the_o palatinate_n ask_v the_o council_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o not_o only_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o but_o every_o subject_a in_o particular_a by_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n be_v bind_v to_o giuâ—…_n his_o best_a advice_n to_o his_o sovereign_n when_o he_o be_v thoughâ—…_n worthy_a to_o have_v his_o council_n ask_v 13._o edw._n 3._o nu_fw-la 10._o all_o the_o merchant_n of_o england_n be_v summon_v by_o writ_n to_o appear_v at_o westminster_n in_o proper_a person_n to_o confer_v upon_o great_a business_n concern_v the_o king_n honour_n the_o salvation_n of_o the_o realâ—…_n and_o of_o themselves_o in_o passage_n of_o public_a council_n it_o be_v observable_a say_v sir_n rob._n cotton_n that_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o king_n cottoâ—…_n of_o england_n do_v entertain_v the_o commons_o with_o weighty_a cause_n thereby_o to_o apt_a and_o bind_v they_o to_o a_o readiness_n of_o charge_n and_o the_o commons_o to_o shun_v expense_n haâ—…_n wary_o avoid_v to_o give_v advice_n 13._o edw._n 3._o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v call_v to_o consult_v how_o the_o domestic_a quiet_n may_v be_v preserve_v the_o march_n of_o scotland_n defend_v and_o thâ—…_n sea_n secure_v from_o enemy_n the_o peer_n and_o commons_o have_v apart_o consult_v the_o commons_o desire_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v to_o council_n of_o thing_n of_o whicâ—…_n they_o have_v no_o cognisance_n de_fw-fr queux_fw-fr ils_fw-fr n'_fw-fr ont_fw-fr pas_fw-fr de_fw-fr cognisance_n 21._o edw._n 3._o justice_n thorp_n declare_v to_o the_o peeâ—…_n and_o commons_o that_o the_o french_a war_n begin_v by_o theiâ—…_n advice_n the_o truce_n after_o by_o their_o assent_n accept_v and_o now_o end_v the_o king_n pleasure_n be_v to_o hauâ—…_n their_o counsel_n in_o the_o prosecution_n the_o commons_o be_v command_v to_o assemble_v themselves_o and_o when_o they_o be_v agree_v to_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n after_o four_o day_n consultation_n humble_o desire_v of_o the_o king_n that_o he_o will_v be_v advise_v therein_o by_o the_o lord_n and_o other_o of_o more_o experience_n than_o themselves_o in_o such_o affair_n 6._o ric._n 2._o the_o parliament_n be_v call_v to_o consult_v whether_o the_o king_n shall_v go_v in_o person_n to_o rescue_n gaunt_n or_o send_v a_o army_n the_o commons_o after_o two_o day_n debate_v crave_v a_o conference_n with_o the_o lord_n and_o sir_n thomas_n puckering_n their_o speaker_n protest_v that_o counsel_n for_o war_n do_v apt_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o lord_n yet_o since_o the_o commons_o be_v command_v to_o give_v their_o advice_n they_o humble_o wish_v a_o voyage_n by_o the_o king_n 7._o ric._n 2._o at_o the_o second_o session_n the_o commons_o be_v will_v to_o advise_v upon_o view_n of_o article_n of_o peace_n with_o the_o french_a whether_o war_n or_o such_o amity_n shall_v be_v accept_v they_o modest_o excuse_v themselves_o as_o too_o weak_a to_o counsel_n in_o so_o weighty_a cause_n but_o charge_v again_o as_o they_o do_v tender_v their_o honour_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n they_o make_v their_o answer_n give_v their_o opinion_n rather_o for_o peace_n than_o war._n for_o full_a manifestation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v touch_v the_o call_v election_n and_o power_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n it_o be_v behooful_a to_o observe_v some_o point_n deliver_v by_o sir_n edw._n coke_n in_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o parliament_n where_o first_o he_o fair_o begin_v and_o lay_v his_o foundation_n that_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n consist_v of_o the_o king_n majesty_n sit_v there_o and_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n 1._o the_o lord_n spiritual_a 2._o the_o lord_n temporal_a 3._o and_o the_o commons_o hence_o it_o be_v to_o be_v gather_v that_o true_o and_o proper_o it_o can_v be_v call_v the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n but_o whilst_o the_o king_n be_v sit_v there_o in_o person_n so_o that_o the_o question_v now_o a_o day_n whether_o the_o parliament_n be_v above_o the_o king_n be_v either_o false_a or_o idle_a false_a if_o you_o exclude_v and_o idle_a if_o you_o include_v the_o king_n person_n in_o the_o word_n parliament_n the_o case_n true_o put_v and_o as_o it_o be_v mean_v be_v whether_o the_o three_o estate_n oâ—…_n which_o be_v all_o one_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n be_v above_o the_o king_n and_o not_o whether_o the_o king_n with_o the_o three_o estate_n be_v above_o the_o king_n it_o appear_v also_o that_o they_o be_v much_o mistake_v who_o reckon_v the_o king_n one_o of_o the_o three_o estate_n as_o mr._n pryn_n pag._n 20._o and_o many_o other_o do_v for_o the_o three_o estate_n make_v the_o body_n and_o the_o king_n be_v caput_fw-la principium_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la parliamentor_n as_o confess_v sir_n edw._n coke_n second_o sir_n edw._n coke_n deliver_v that_o certain_a it_o be_v both_o house_n at_o first_o sit_v together_o and_o that_o it_o appear_v in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n the_o lord_n and_o commons_o satâ—…_n together_o and_o the_o commons_o have_v no_o continual_a speaker_n if_o he_o mean_v the_o lord_n and_o commons_o do_v sit_v and_o vote_n together_o in_o one_o body_n few_o there_o be_v that_o will_v believe_v it_o because_o the_o commons_o never_o be_v wont_a to_o lose_v or_o forego_v any_o of_o their_o liberty_n or_o privilege_n and_o for_o they_o to_o stand_v now_o with_o their_o hat_n in_o their_o hand_n which_o be_v no_o magistratical_a posture_n there_o where_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o sit_v and_o vote_n be_v a_o alteration_n not_o imaginable_a to_o be_v endure_v by_o the_o commons_o it_o may_v be_v in_o former_a time_n when_o the_o commons_o have_v no_o constant_a speaker_n they_o be_v oft_o and_o perhaps_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o same_o chamber_n and_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o hear_v the_o debate_n and_o consulation_n of_o the_o great_a council_n but_o not_o to_o sit_v and_o vote_n with_o they_o for_o when_o the_o commons_o be_v to_o advise_v among_o themselves_o the_o chapter-house_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o westminster_n be_v ofttimes_o their_o place_n to_o meet_v in_o before_o they_o have_v a_o settle_a house_n and_o their_o meeting_n not_o be_v very_o frequent_a may_v be_v the_o reason_n i_o conceive_v why_o the_o name_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v not_o of_o such_o great_a antiquity_n or_o take_v notice_n of_o but_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n be_v only_o call_v the_o parliament-house_n and_o the_o treatise_n call_v modus_fw-la tenendi_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la speak_v of_o the_o parliament_n as_o but_o of_o one_o house_n only_o the_o house_n where_o now_o the_o commons_o sit_v in_o westminster_n be_v but_o of_o late_a use_n or_o institution_n for_o in_o edward_n the_o sixth_n day_n stow._n it_o be_v a_o chapel_n of_o the_o college_n of_o saint_n stephen_n and_o have_v a_o dean_n secular_a canon_n and_o chorist_n who_o be_v the_o king_n choir_n at_o his_o palace_n at_o