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by_o some_o reckon_v in_o oxfordshire_n sunning_n be_v sufficient_o signal_n in_o history_n as_o have_v be_v a_o episcopal_a see_v for_o the_o residence_n of_o eight_o bishop_n which_o see_v be_v translate_v to_o shirbourn_n and_o afterward_o to_o salisbury_n where_o it_o still_o remain_v wantage_n be_v ennoble_v by_o the_o birth_n of_o that_o great_a mirror_n of_o a_o prince_n for_o virtue_n learning_n and_o valour_n king_n alfred_n surname_v the_o scourge_n of_o the_o dane_n waltham_n in_o the_o east_n of_o this_o county_n be_v a_o ancient_a station_n of_o the_o roman_n so_o likewise_o sinodum_fw-la in_o the_o north._n newbury_n a_o town_n of_o sufficient_a note_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v yet_o more_o note_v by_o the_o birth_n of_o thomas_n hide_v a_o learned_a writer_n and_o also_o by_o two_o great_a fight_v fight_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n between_o the_o force_n of_o his_o late_a majesty_n and_o the_o parliament_n army_n under_o the_o earl_n of_o essex_n spene_n and_o pesemere_n two_o place_n of_o no_o other_o note_n than_o by_o the_o birth_n of_o two_o eminent_a writer_n the_o first_o of_o william_n twisse_n the_o other_o of_o william_n lyford_n in_o hantshire_n winchester_n the_o ancient_a venta_n belgarum_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v build_v by_o that_o famous_a rudhudibras_n great_a in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o old_a british_a king_n it_o be_v the_o seat_n royal_a of_o the_o west_n saxon_n and_o chief_a epicopal_n see_v and_o still_o remain_v the_o episcopal_a see_v of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o which_o be_v the_o west_n saxon_a kingdom_n it_o be_v honour_v with_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n egbert_n and_o king_n alfred_n and_o the_o birth_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o here_o in_o the_o cathedral_n build_v by_o king_n kenwolf_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n be_v inter_v king_n egbert_n king_n ethelwolf_n king_n alfred_n with_o his_o queen_n elswith_n the_o first_o edmund_n king_n edred_n and_o king_n edwy_n queen_n emma_n and_o her_o husband_n the_o danish_a king_n canutus_n as_o also_o his_o son_n hardy-canutus_a and_o after_o the_o conquest_n king_n william_n rufus_n and_o his_o brother_n richard_n here_o king_n athelstan_n keep_v his_o mint_n at_o st._n peter_n in_o the_o suburb_n of_o this_o city_n be_v bear_v john_n russel_n create_v bishop_n of_o lincoln_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o and_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n by_o king_n richard_n the_o three_o this_o city_n also_o bring_v forth_o two_o person_n of_o illustious_a memory_n for_o learning_n viz._n lampridius_n surname_v of_o winchester_n a_o benedictine_n monk_n who_o flourish_v an._n 980._o and_o wolstan_n of_o winchester_n a_o benedictine_n likewise_o &_o account_v in_o those_o time_n a_o eminent_a poet_n who_o flourish_v an._n 1000_o southampton_n build_v out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o ancient_a clausentium_n and_o after_o many_o devastation_n re-edify_v in_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o be_v time_n be_v a_o most_o pleasant_a and_o well_o fortify_v town_n with_o a_o goodly_a castle_n proud_o advance_v on_o a_o hill_n in_o a_o maison_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr or_o hospital_n here_o lie_v inter_v the_o body_n of_o richard_n earl_n of_o cambridge_n who_o be_v execute_v for_o treason_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o in_o the_o parish_n of_o st._n michael_n in_o southampton_n be_v bear_v arthur_n lake_n bishop_n of_o bath_n and_o wells_n who_o die_v an._n 1602._o as_o also_o sir_n thomas_n lake_n secretary_n of_o state_n to_o king_n james_n at_o basingstoke_n john_n surname_v of_o basingstoke_n the_o first_o english_a author_n of_o a_o greek_a grammar_n who_o die_v an._n 1252._o william_n paulett_n baron_n of_o basin_n and_o marquis_n of_o winchester_n 〈…〉_z to_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o and_o lord_n treasurer_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o edward_z the_o six_o queen_n marry_o and_o queen_n elizabeth_n
wheathamstead_n chief_o note_v for_o the_o birth_n of_o john_n of_o wethamstead_n a_o profound_a philosopher_n other_o place_n hertfordshire_n note_v for_o famous_a man_n ware_n for_o richard_n de_fw-fr ware_n treasurer_n of_o england_n under_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o william_n de_fw-fr ware_n who_o be_v scotus_n his_o teacher_n and_o flourish_v under_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o baldock_n for_o ralph_n baldock_n create_v bishop_n of_o london_n by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o rudburn_n for_o thomas_n rudburn_n bishop_n of_o st_n david_n who_o flourish_v an._n 1419._o helmstedbury_n for_o sir_n edward_n waterhouse_n chancellor_n of_o the_o exchequer_n in_o ireland_n under_o queen_n elizabeth_n gatesden_n for_o john_n de_fw-fr gatesden_n who_o flourish_v an._n 1420._o hamstead_n for_o daniel_n dike_n cottered_n for_o edward_n symonds_n gorham-berry_n for_o sir_n nicholas_n bacon_n nor_o may_v we_o here_o omit_v other_o eminent_a man_n of_o this_o shire_n viz._n sir_n henry_n cary_n a_o great_a soldier_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n by_o who_o he_o be_v create_v baron_n of_o hunsden_n and_o lord_n chamberlain_n john_n boucher_n baron_n berner_n and_o of_o learned_a man_n alexander_n nequam_fw-la who_o die_v an._n 1227._o nicholas_n gorham_n who_o flourish_v an._n 1400._o roger_n hutchinson_n thomas_n cartwright_n and_o hugh_n legat._n in_o norfolk_n the_o chief_a city_n and_o episcopal_n see_v norwich_n seem_v to_o have_v spring_v out_o of_o the_o ancient_a venta_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v chief_o famous_a for_o its_o suffering_n have_v be_v sack_v and_o burn_v by_o the_o dane_n in_o the_o year_n 1004._o and_o in_o the_o conqueror_n time_n reduce_v to_o utmost_a exigence_n for_o side_v with_o earl_n radulph_n against_o the_o say_a king_n william_n the_o cathedral_n be_v found_v by_o herbert_n who_o translate_n the_o bishopric_n ftom_n thetford_n to_o norwich_n be_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n thetford_n the_o ancient_a sitomagus_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v a_o place_n of_o much_o remark_n for_o antiquity_n it_o be_v the_o royal_a seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n and_o the_o unfortunate_a place_n where_o king_n edmund_n the_o martyr_n be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o dane_n the_o bishopric_n which_o be_v now_o of_o norwich_n be_v translate_v from_o elmham_n to_o thetford_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n lin_z a_o sea_n port_n town_n be_v make_v liber_n burgus_n and_o honour_v with_o the_o gift_n of_o a_o rich_a cup_n by_o king_n john_n and_o have_v their_o charter_n enlarge_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o for_o their_o good_a service_n against_o the_o outlaw_a baron_n and_o in_o king_n henry_n the_o eighth_n time_n other_o privilege_n be_v add_v and_o the_o name_n change_v from_o lin_z episcopi_fw-la to_o lin_z regis_fw-la yarmouth_n boast_v the_o antiquity_n of_o its_o foundation_n from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o dane_n elmham_n be_v considerable_a for_o have_v be_v a_o bishop_n see_v for_o several_a age_n first_o divide_v with_o dunwich_n in_o suffolk_n next_o sole_a till_o it_o be_v translate_v to_o thetford_n thence_o to_o norwich_n in_o sussex_n the_o city_n chichester_n boast_v the_o foundation_n of_o cissa_n the_o second_o king_n of_o the_o south-saxons_a and_o have_v the_o bishopric_n translate_v thither_o in_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n time_n from_o selsey_n which_o till_o then_o have_v be_v the_o episcopal_a see_n lewis_n a_o town_n little_a if_o aught_o inferior_a to_o chichester_n be_v sufficient_o of_o name_n in_o history_n as_o have_v be_v one_o of_o the_o place_n appoint_v by_o king_n athelstan_n for_o the_o coinage_n of_o his_o money_n and_o for_o the_o strong_a castle_n build_v by_o earl_n william_n de_fw-fr warren_n here_o also_o be_v a_o bloody_a battle_n fight_v between_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o and_o his_o baron_n in_o which_o the_o king_n receive_v a_o cruel_a overthrow_n pensey_n a_o little_a sea_n town_n but_o great_a in_o story_n as_o the_o land_n place_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n when_o by_o one_o victorious_a battle_n he_o gain_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o king_n harold_n and_o his_o two_o brother_n leofwin_n and_o goroh_n and_o about_o 67000_o man_n hastings_n be_v the_o town_n near_o which_o this_o successful_a hold_v be_v fight_v have_v get_v so_o much_o the_o great_a name_n and_o the_o very_a place_n of_o fight_n retain_v to_o this_o day_n the_o name_n of_o battle-field_n buckstead_n a_o place_n in_o some_o respect_n of_o as_o great_a note_n as_o any_o have_v be_v name_v for_o here_o in_o the_o thirty_o five_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o the_o first_o great_a iron_n gun_n that_o ever_o be_v cast_v in_o england_n be_v cast_v by_o peter_n bawd_n and_o ralph_n hage_n in_o cambridge-shire_n the_o town_n of_o cambride_n be_v of_o too_o high_a a_o renown_n for_o its_o many_o hall_n and_o college_n the_o habitation_n of_o the_o muse_n rich_o endow_v for_o the_o advancement_n and_o encouragement_n of_o learning_n to_o be_v here_o pass_v by_o and_o too_o well_o take_v notice_n of_o and_o describe_v by_o other_o to_o be_v long_o insist_v on_o eli_n the_o bishop_n seat_n and_o denominate_a city_n of_o the_o diocese_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v build_v by_o one_o audery_n who_o be_v first_o wife_n of_o one_o tombret_n prince_n of_o these_o part_n and_o afterward_o of_o egbert_n king_n of_o northumberland_n from_o who_o depart_v she_o here_o betake_v herself_o to_o a_o devout_a life_n and_o build_v a_o most_o stately_a monastery_n of_o which_o she_o herself_o become_v the_o first_o abbess_n this_o place_n be_v also_o recordable_a for_o the_o birth_n of_o several_a learned_a man_n viz._n andrew_n willet_n who_o die_v an._n 1621._o sir_n thomas_n ridly_n dr._n of_o the_o law_n who_o die_v an._n 1629._o richard_n parker_n who_o die_v here_o an._n 1624._o everton_n in_o this_o shire_n give_v birth_n to_o john_n tiptoft_n son_n of_o john_n lord_n tiptoft_n earl_n of_o worcester_n and_o lord_n high_a constable_n of_o england_n triplow_n be_v memorable_a by_o the_o birth_n of_o elias_n rubens_n a_o writer_n of_o grand_a repute_n who_o flourish_v an._n 1266._o everden_n give_v both_o birth_n and_o surname_n to_o john_n eversden_n another_o learned_a writer_n of_o this_o county_n be_v also_o matthew_n paris_n and_o sir_n john_n cheek_n tutor_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o six_o and_o richard_n wethershet_n who_o flourish_v in_o the_o year_n 1350._o at_o caxton_n be_v bear_v william_n thence_o surname_v caxton_n the_o first_o printer_n in_o england_n wisbich_n bring_v forth_o richard_n hocloet_n a_o man_n eminent_a for_o learning_n an._n 1552._o linton_n be_v only_o noteworthy_a for_o the_o birth_n of_o richard_n richardson_n one_o of_o the_o translatour_n of_o the_o bible_n who_o decease_v an._n 1621._o milton_n as_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v give_v birth_n to_o thomas_n goad_n a_o writer_n of_o good_a note_n mildred_n bring_v forth_o andrew_n marvel_v minister_n of_o hull_n a_o learned_a father_n of_o a_o learned_a and_o witty_a son_n for_o so_o be_v that_o andrew_n who_o die_v but_o a_o few_o year_n since_o he_o be_v a_o member_n in_o the_o late_a long_a parliament_n for_o the_o town_n of_o hull_n a_o man_n of_o very_o acute_a part_n have_v he_o not_o fail_v in_o his_o affection_n to_o the_o government_n as_o several_a of_o his_o write_n testify_v of_o this_o county_n be_v michael_n dalton_n a_o learned_a writer_n and_o also_o edward_n norgate_v in_o huntingtonshire_n st_n neot_n so_o call_v from_o neotus_fw-la a_o holy_a and_o learned_a man_n be_v memorable_a for_o the_o defeat_n give_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o holland_n by_o the_o parliament_n force_v in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n an._n 1648._o as_o also_o for_o be_v the_o birth-place_n of_o two_o eminent_a man_n viz._n francis_n white_a bishop_n of_o ely_n and_o hugh_z thence_o surname_v of_o st_n neot_n who_o decease_v anno_fw-la 1340._o godmanchester_n qu._n gormoncester_n from_o gormon_n the_o dane_n be_v conclude_v to_o have_v be_v the_o old_a durisiponte_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o some_o think_v from_o the_o nearness_n of_o the_o name_n the_o same_o with_o gunicester_n where_o macutus_fw-la have_v his_o bishopric_n at_o this_o godmanchester_n be_v bear_v a_o man_n who_o make_v too_o much_o noise_n in_o the_o world_n to_o be_v forget_v stephen_n marshal_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o those_o zealous_a trumpeter_n of_o the_o late_a time_n who_o from_o the_o pulpit_n stir_v up_o to_o war_n and_o bloodshed_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n at_o st_n ives_n be_v bear_v roger_n thence_o surname_v of_o st_n ives_n who_o flourish_v an._n 1420._o at_o cunnington_n the_o learned_a antiquary_n sir_n robert_n cotton_n moreover_o from_o huntingdon_n the_o capital_a place_n of_o this_o shire_n spring_v two_o very_o famous_a man_n gregory_n of_o huntingdon_n who_o die_v an._n 1610._o and_o henry_n
equivalent_a in_o wealth_n and_o strength_n to_o a_o far_o great_a people_n and_o that_o conveniency_n for_o ship_n and_o water-carriage_n do_v most_o eminent_o and_o fundamental_o conduce_v thereunto_o chap._n ii_o that_o some_o kind_n of_o tax_n and_o public_a levy_n may_v rather_o increase_v then_o diminish_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n chap._n iii_o that_o france_n can_v by_v reason_n of_o natural_a and_o perpetual_a impediment_n be_v more_o powerful_a at_o sea_n then_o england_n and_o the_o low_a country_n chap._n iu._n that_o the_o people_n and_o territory_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v natural_o as_o considerable_a for_o wealth_n and_o strength_n as_o those_o of_o france_n chap._n v._n that_o the_o impediment_n of_o england_n greatness_n be_v contingent_a and_o removable_a chap._n vi_o that_o the_o power_n and_o wealth_n of_o england_n have_v increase_v these_o last_o 40_o year_n chap._n vii_o that_o one_o 10_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a expense_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v 100000_o foot_n 40000_o horse_n and_o 40000_o man_n at_o sea_n and_o defray_v all_o other_o charge_n of_o the_o government_n both_o ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a etc._n etc._n chap._n viii_o that_o there_o be_v spare_a hand_n enough_o among_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n to_o earn_v two_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o they_o now_o do_v and_o that_o there_o be_v also_o employment_n ready_a proper_a and_o sufficient_a for_o the_o purpose_n chap._n ix_o that_o there_o be_v money_n sufficient_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o nation_n chap._n x._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n have_v stock_n competent_a and_o convenient_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a commercial_n world_n the_o introduction_n or_o the_o original_a of_o trade_n plain_o demonstrate_v its_o increase_n the_o mean_n and_o method_n use_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o perfection_n it_o be_v arrive_v to_o at_o present_a and_o of_o the_o great_a benefit_n reap_v thereby_o both_o in_o general_n and_o particular_a chap._n i._n that_o inland_n &_o maritime_a trade_n &_o traffic_n be_v with_o god_n blessing_n on_o man_n endeavour_n the_o chief_a pillar_n and_o support_v of_o all_o nation_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o have_v their_o first_o rise_n and_o greatness_n be_v so_o evident_a that_o argument_n to_o prove_v it_o will_v be_v ineffectual_a yet_o from_o the_o world_n be_v original_a it_o have_v not_o its_o perfection_n nor_o indeed_o can_v it_o till_o mankind_n increase_v and_o by_o spread_v wide_a in_o the_o earth_n people_v its_o vast_a immensity_n nor_o then_o for_o some_o thousand_o of_o year_n be_v it_o national_a but_o rather_o in_o secret_a between_o man_n and_o man_n few_o people_n know_v the_o benefit_n of_o any_o other_o commodity_n then_o what_o be_v of_o the_o native_a growth_n of_o those_o country_n they_o inhabit_v nor_o so_o can_v riches_n abound_v for_o coin_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n useless_a or_o indeed_o not_o mention_v till_o the_o day_n of_o abraham_n the_o patriarch_n exchange_n of_o good_n be_v the_o only_a traffic_n and_o consequent_o on_o that_o score_n few_o trade_v for_o more_o than_o they_o have_v present_a occasion_n to_o use_v by_o reason_n many_o thing_n be_v not_o of_o last_a quality_n and_o for_o that_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n travel_v from_o place_n to_o place_n their_o chief_a riches_n consist_v in_o cattle_n but_o at_o last_o when_o they_o build_v city_n and_o town_n and_o find_v the_o conveniency_n of_o a_o settlement_n they_o extend_v their_o traffic_n far_o and_o one_o city_n trade_v with_o another_o which_o still_o spread_v wide_a yet_o long_o be_v it_o '_o ere_fw-we they_o find_v mean_n to_o plough_v the_o bosom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o hold_v commerce_n and_o traffic_n with_o remote_a nation_n which_o no_o soon_o be_v bring_v to_o my_o perfection_n but_o riches_n abound_v and_o plenty_n flow_v in_o on_o every_o side_n man_n then_o and_o not_o till_o then_o begin_v to_o give_v their_o thought_n large_a scope_n and_o not_o content_v with_o the_o portion_n of_o earth_n allot_v they_o begin_v to_o grow_v emulous_a &_o aspire_v to_o universal_a sovereignty_n as_o likewise_o to_o plant_v colony_n in_o till_o then_o unhabitable_a island_n which_o have_v not_o ship_n be_v invent_v must_v have_v continue_v without_o inhabitant_n as_o at_o this_o time_n past_a doubt_n for_o want_v of_o discovery_n many_o do_v in_o the_o remote_a sea_n especial_o under_o the_o arctic_a pole_n who_o extremity_n render_v they_o unaccessible_a or_o at_o least_o unhabitable_a and_o of_o all_o nation_n the_o greek_n be_v the_o first_o that_o bring_v navigation_n to_o any_o perfection_n by_o which_o they_o grow_v opulent_a and_o extend_v their_o colony_n to_o thâ—_n utmost_a orient_a acquire_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o then_o know_a world_n their_o fame_n grow_v every_o where_o great_a nor_o can_v the_o roman_n bring_v their_o warlike_a expedition_n to_o any_o perfection_n till_o they_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o traffic_n bring_v into_o that_o one_o city_n the_o store_n of_o all_o nation_n so_o that_o from_o cottage_n of_o shepherd_n who_o lay_v she_o first_o foundation_n she_o soon_o become_v magnificent_a thrust_v up_o her_o lofty_a spire_n bedeck_v with_o gold_n so_o high_a that_o they_o in_o a_o manner_n kiss_v the_o cloud_n and_o render_v she_o the_o awful_a mistress_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o by_o trade_n and_o industry_n more_o than_o by_o arm_n keep_v up_o her_o reputation_n for_o six_o hundred_o year_n when_o range_v the_o world_n to_o find_v out_o country_n unconquered_a at_o last_o from_o gallia_n or_o france_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o caesar_n they_o enter_v britain_n a_o place_n then_o wild_a and_o rude_a not_o know_v how_o to_o use_v the_o abundant_a plenty_n that_o nature_n bestow_v upon_o they_o but_o refuse_v all_o manner_n of_o dainty_n feed_v upon_o root_n of_o herb_n and_o bark_n of_o tree_n not_o tilling_n any_o ground_n nor_o sow_a corn_n otherwise_o then_o scatter_v it_o on_o the_o untilled_a surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o harrow_n it_o over_o with_o bush_n suffer_v their_o cattle_n fowl_n and_o fish_n of_o which_o they_o have_v store_n to_o continue_v useless_a scarce_o know_v any_o shore_n but_o their_o own_o their_o traffic_n or_o merchandise_n for_o the_o most_o part_n among_o themselves_o and_o that_o but_o mean_v their_o chief_a riches_n consist_v as_o strabo_n say_v in_o ivory-box_n shears_n onche_n bit_n bridle_n chain_n of_o iron_n wreath_n glass_n colour_a and_o the_o like_a which_o they_o usual_o deliver_v to_o each_o other_o as_o currant_n coin_n for_o what_o their_o necessity_n require_v but_o no_o soon_o have_v the_o roman_n civilise_v they_o and_o instruct_v they_o in_o such_o art_n as_o be_v most_o suitable_a to_o their_o capacity_n and_o may_v stand_v they_o in_o great_a stead_n but_o they_o begin_v to_o build_v house_n live_v before_o for_o the_o most_o in_o hut_n and_o go_v naked_a and_o turn_v their_o leather_n boat_n into_o tall_a ship_n furrow_n the_o sea_n broad_a back_n and_o discover_v many_o nation_n to_o they_o till_o then_o unknown_a so_o that_o by_o traffic_n abroad_o and_o improvement_n at_o home_n this_o island_n grow_v famous_a and_o spread_v its_o name_n to_o the_o utmost_a limit_v of_o the_o know_a earth_n so_o that_o be_v right_o term_v the_o store-house_n of_o the_o western_a world_n all_o the_o neighbour-nation_n trade_v hither_o so_o that_o those_o port_n and_o havens_n that_o be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n useless_a be_v now_o fill_v with_o ship_n of_o all_o nation_n so_o that_o silver_n and_o gold_n be_v have_v in_o abundance_n and_o coin_n in_o imitation_n of_o those_o the_o roman_n stamp_v with_o the_o effigy_n of_o their_o king_n and_o prince_n which_o then_o be_v many_o each_o county_n contain_v two_o or_o three_o and_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n at_o variance_n among_o themselves_o which_o give_v the_o roman_n a_o opportunity_n to_o become_v conqueror_n at_o a_o easy_a rate_n than_o otherwise_o they_o can_v during_o the_o four_o hundred_o year_n and_o odd_a that_o the_o roman_n govern_v here_o by_o their_o lieutenant_n and_o sometime_o by_o their_o emperor_n in_o person_n rome_n and_o after_o her_o constantinople_n the_o new_a seat_n of_o empire_n abound_v with_o our_o store_n so_o that_o more_o tribute_n be_v pay_v by_o this_o island_n then_o by_o france_n and_o germany_n though_o ten_o time_n as_o large_a but_o the_o fame_n of_o britain_n wealth_n prove_v her_o unhappyness_n for_o the_o goth_n break_v in_o upon_o the_o roman_a empire_n who_o spread_a top_n be_v too_o large_a to_o be_v support_v by_o the_o slender_a bowl_n her_o branch_n be_v tear_v off_o on_o every_o side_n so_o that_o to_o support_v their_o own_o the_o roman_n be_v force_v to_o recall_v
royal_a navy_n can_v be_v make_v which_o till_o it_o be_v be_v of_o no_o effectual_a use_n but_o lie_n at_o charge_n and_o we_o see_v likewise_o upon_o their_o occasion_n that_o merchant_n be_v put_v to_o great_a straits_n and_o inconvenience_n and_o do_v pay_v excise-rate_n for_o the_o carry_v on_o their_o trade_n now_o if_o 24,000_o able_a body_a tradesman_n whereby_o 6000_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la bring_v up_o and_o fit_v for_o sea-service_n and_o for_o their_o encouragement_n allow_v twenty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o every_o year_n they_o have_v be_v at_o sea_n even_o when_o they_o stay_v at_o home_n not_o exceed_v six_o pound_n for_o those_o who_o have_v serve_v six_o year_n or_o upward_o it_o follow_v that_o about_o 72000._o pound_n at_o the_o medium_n of_o three_o pound_n per_fw-la man_n will_v so_o satiate_v the_o whole_a number_n and_o so_o forasmuch_o as_o half_o the_o seaman_n which_o manage_v the_o merchant_n trade_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v always_o in_o harbour_n and_o be_v about_o 40000_o together_o with_o the_o say_v half_a the_o auxiliary_n last_v mention_v will_v upon_o emergency_n man_n out_o the_o whole_a royal_a navy_n leave_v to_o the_o merchant_n 12000_o of_o the_o able_a auxiliary_n to_o perform_v their_o business_n in_o harbour_n till_o other_o come_v home_o from_o the_o sea_n i_o say_v that_o more_o than_o this_o sum_n 72000_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v fruitless_o spend_v &_o over-paid_a by_o the_o merchant_n whensoever_o a_o great_a fleet_n be_v to_o be_v fit_v out_o now_o these_o who_o i_o call_v auxiliary_a seaman_n be_v such_o as_o have_v another_o trade_n beside_o wherewith_o to_o maintain_v themselves_o when_o they_o be_v not_o employ_v at_o sea_n and_o the_o charge_n of_o maintain_v themselves_o the_o 72000_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la i_o take_v to_o be_v little_a or_o nothing_o for_o the_o reason_n abovementioned_a and_o consequent_o a_o easy_a tax_n to_o the_o people_n because_o levy_v by_o and_o pay_v to_o themselves_o as_o we_o propound_v that_o ireland_n shall_v be_v tax_v with_o flax_n and_o england_n by_o linen_n and_o other_o manufacture_n of_o the_o same_o so_o i_o conceive_v that_o scotland_n may_v be_v tax_v as_o much_o to_o be_v pay_v in_o herring_n as_o ireland_n in_o flax._n now_o these_o three_o tax_n of_o flax_n linen_n and_o herring_n and_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o triple_a militia_n and_o of_o the_o auxiliary_a seaman_n abovementioned_a do_v all_o five_o of_o they_o together_o amount_v to_o 1,000,000_o pound_n of_o money_n the_o raise_n whereof_o be_v not_o a_o million_o spend_v but_o gain_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n unless_o it_o can_v be_v make_v appear_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o all_o or_o any_o of_o they_o the_o exportation_n of_o woollen_a manufacture_n lead_v and_o tin_n be_v lessen_v or_o of_o such_o commodity_n as_o our_o own_o east_n and_o west_n india_n trade_n do_v produce_v for_o as_o much_o as_o i_o conceive_v that_o the_o exportation_n of_o these_o last_o mention_v commodity_n be_v the_o touchstone_n whereby_o the_o wealth_n of_o england_n be_v try_v and_o the_o pulse_n whereby_o the_o health_n of_o the_o kingdom_n may_v be_v discern_v cap._n iii_o that_o france_n can_v by_o reason_n of_o natural_a and_o perpetual_a impediment_n be_v more_o powerful_a at_o sea_n then_o england_n or_o the_o low_a country_n pour_v at_o sea_n consist_v chief_o in_o man_n able_a to_o fight_v at_o sea_n and_o that_o in_o such_o ship_n as_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o the_o sea_n wherein_o they_o serve_v and_o those_o be_v in_o these_o northern_a sea-ship_n from_o between_o 300_o to_o 1300_o tun_n and_o of_o these_o such_o as_o draw_v much_o water_n and_o have_v a_o deep_a latih_o in_o the_o sea_n in_o order_n to_o keep_v a_o good_a wind_n and_o not_o to_o fall_v too_o leeward_n a_o matter_n of_o vast_a advantage_n in_o sea-service_n wherefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v examine_v first_o whether_o the_o french_a king_n have_v port_n in_o the_o northern_a sea_n where_o he_o have_v most_o occasion_n for_o his_o fleet_n of_o war_n in_o any_o consist_v above_o to_o receive_v the_o vessel_n abovementioned_a in_o all_o wether_n both_o in_o winter_n and_o summer_n seat_n for_o if_o the_o french_a king_n can_v bring_v to_o sea_n a_o equal_a number_n of_o fight_a man_n with_o the_o english_a or_o hollander_n in_o small_a float_v leeward_n vessel_n he_o will_v certain_o be_v of_o the_o weak_a side_n for_o a_o vessel_n of_o 1000_o tun_n mane_v with_o 500_o fight_a man_n with_o five_o vessel_n of_o 200_o tun_n each_o mane_v with_o 100_o man_n apiece_o shall_v in_o common_a reason_n have_v the_o better_a offensive_o and_o defensive_o for_o asmuch_o as_o the_o great_a ship_n can_v carry_v such_o ordnance_n as_o can_v reach_v the_o small_a one_o at_o a_o far_o great_a distance_n than_o these_o can_v reach_v or_o at_o lest_o hurt_v the_o other_o and_o can_v batrer_n and_o sink_v at_o a_o distance_n when_o a_o small_a one_o can_v scarce_o pierce_v moreover_o it_o be_v more_o difficult_a for_o man_n out_o of_o a_o small_a vessel_n to_o enter_v a_o tall_a ship_n then_o for_o man_n from_o a_o high_a place_n to_o leap_v down_o into_o a_o low_a nor_o be_v small_a shot_n so_o effectual_a upon_o a_o tall_a ship_n as_o vice_n versa_fw-la and_o as_o for_o vessel_n draw_v much_o water_n and_o consequent_o keep_v a_o good_a wind_n they_o can_v take_v or_o tear_v leeward_n vessel_n at_o pleasure_n and_o secure_v themselves_o from_o be_v board_v by_o they_o moreover_o the_o windward_n ship_n have_v a_o fair_a mark_n at_o a_o leeward_n ship_n than_o vice_n versa_fw-la and_o can_v place_v her_o shot_n upon_o such_o part_n of_o the_o leeward_n vessel_n as_o upon_o the_o next_o tack_n will_v be_v under_o water_n now_o the_o french_a king_n have_v no_o port_n able_a to_o receive_v large_a windward_n vessel_n between_o dunkirk_n and_o vshant_n what_o other_o ship_n he_o can_v bring_v into_o those_o sea_n will_v not_o be_v considerable_a as_o for_o the_o wide_a ocean_n which_o his_o harbour_n of_o breast_n and_o brovage_a do_v look_v into_o it_o afford_v he_o no_o advantage_n upon_o a_o enemy_n there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o latitude_n of_o engage_v or_o not_o even_o when_o the_o party_n be_v in_o sight_n of_o each_o otherâ—_n wherefore_o although_o the_o french_a king_n be_v immens_o rich_a and_o can_v build_v what_o ship_n he_o please_v both_o for_o number_n and_o quality_n yet_o if_o he_o have_v not_o port_n to_o receive_v and_o shelter_v that_o sort_n and_o size_n of_o ship_n which_o be_v fit_a for_o his_o purpose_n his_o riches_n will_v in_o this_o case_n be_v fruitless_a and_o a_o mere_a expense_n without_o any_o return_n or_o profit_n some_o will_v say_v that_o other_o nation_n can_v build_v so_o good_a ship_n as_o the_o english_a i_o do_v indeed_o hope_v they_o can_v but_o because_o it_o seem_v too_o possible_a that_o they_o may_v soon_o or_o late_a by_o practice_n and_o experience_n i_o shall_v not_o make_v use_n of_o that_o argument_n have_v only_o bind_v myself_o to_o show_v that_o the_o impediment_n of_o france_n as_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v natural_a and_o perpetual_a ship_n and_o gun_n do_v not_o fight_v of_o themselves_o but_o man_n who_o act_n and_o manage_v they_o wherefore_o it_o be_v more_o material_a to_o show_v that_o the_o french_a king_n neither_o have_v nor_o can_v have_v man_n sufficient_a to_o man_n a_o fleet_n of_o equal_a strength_n to_o that_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n the_o king_n of_o england_n navy_n consist_v of_o about_o 70,000_o tun_n of_o ship_n which_o require_v 36,000_o man_n to_o man_n these_o man_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o eight_o part_n 1_o â—_o part_n must_v be_v person_n of_o great_a experience_n and_o reputation_n in_o sea-service_n another_o â…›_n part_n must_v be_v such_o as_o have_v use_v the_o sea_n seven_o year_n and_o upward_o half_o of_o they_o or_o ¼_n part_n must_v be_v such_o as_o have_v use_v the_o sea_n above_o a_o twelve_o month_n viz._n 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o or_o six_o year_n allow_v but_o one_o quarter_n of_o the_o whole_a compliment_n to_o be_v such_o as_o never_o be_v at_o sea_n at_o all_o or_o at_o most_o but_o one_o voyage_n or_o upon_o one_o expedition_n so_o that_o at_o a_o medium_n i_o reckon_v the_o whole_a fleet_n must_v be_v man_n of_o three_o or_o four_o year_n growth_n one_o with_o another_o fournier_n a_o late_a judicious_a writer_n make_v it_o his_o business_n to_o persuade_v the_o world_n how_o considerable_a the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v or_o may_v be_v at_o sea_n in_o ninety_o two_o or_o ninety_o three_o page_n of_o his_o hierography_n say_v that_o there_o be_v one_o place_n in_o brittany_n which_o have_v furnish_v the_o king_n with_o 1400_o seaman_n and_o that_o perhaps_o the_o whole_a sea_n coast_n of_o france_n
may_v have_v furnish_v he_o with_o fifteen_o time_n as_o many_o now_o suppose_v the_o whole_a allegation_n be_v true_a yet_o the_o same_o number_n amount_v but_o to_o 21,000_o all_o which_o if_o the_o whole_a trade_n of_o ship_n in_o france_n be_v quite_o and_o clean_o abandon_v will_v not_o by_o above_o a_o three_o man_n in_o a_o fleet_n be_v equivalent_a to_o that_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o if_o the_o trade_n be_v but_o bare_o keep_v alive_a there_o will_v not_o be_v one_o three_o part_n man_n enough_o to_o man_n the_o say_v fleet._n but_o if_o the_o ship_n trade_n of_o france_n be_v not_o above_o a_o quarter_n as_o great_a as_o that_o of_o england_n and_o that_o one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o same_o namely_o the_o fish_n trade_n to_o the_o bank_n of_o new-found_a land_n be_v not_o peculiar_a nor_o fix_v to_o the_o french_a then_o i_o say_v that_o if_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o have_v power_n to_o press_v man_n can_v under_o two_o or_o three_o month_n time_n man_n his_o fleet_n than_o the_o french_a king_n with_o less_o than_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o same_o help_n can_v never_o do_v it_o at_o all_o for_o in_o france_n as_o shall_v be_v elsewhere_o show_v there_o be_v not_o a_o 15000_o tun_n of_o trading_n vessel_n and_o consequent_o not_o above_o 15,000_o seaman_n reckon_v a_o man_n to_o every_o ten_o tun_n and_o it_o have_v be_v show_v that_o the_o french_a king_n can_v at_o present_v man_n such_o a_o fleet_n as_o be_v above_o describe_v we_o come_v next_o to_o show_v that_o he_o never_o can_v bring_v under_o natural_a and_o perpetual_a impediment_n viz._n first_o if_o there_o be_v but_o 15,000_o seaman_n in_o all_o france_n to_o manage_v its_o trade_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o say_a trade_n shall_v be_v distinguish_v nor_o that_o it_o shall_v spare_v above_o five_o of_o the_o say_v 15,000_o towards_o manage_v of_o the_o fleet_n which_o require_v 35,000_o man_n now_o the_o deficient_a 30000_o must_v be_v supply_v out_o of_o these_o four_o way_n either_o by_o take_v in_o land-man_n of_o which_o sort_n there_o must_v not_o be_v above_o 10,000_o since_o the_o seaman_n will_v never_o be_v content_v without_o be_v the_o major_a part_n nor_o do_v they_o hearty_o wish_v well_o to_o land-man_n at_o all_o or_o rejoice_v even_o at_o those_o success_n of_o which_o the_o say_a land-man_n can_v claim_v any_o share_n think_v it_o hard_a that_o themselves_o who_o be_v breed_v to_o miserable_a and_o painful_a and_o dangerous_a employment_n and_o yet_o profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v at_o a_o time_n when_o booty_n and_o purchase_n may_v be_v get_v be_v dogged_a or_o hinder_v with_o any_o conjunction_n which_o land-man_n be_v force_v to_o admit_v these_o to_o any_o equal_a share_n with_o themselves_o second_o the_o seaman_n which_o be_v suppose_v 20,000_o must_v be_v have_v that_o be_v shire_v from_o other_o nation_n which_o can_v be_v without_o tempt_v they_o with_o so_o much_o wage_n as_o exceed_v that_o give_v by_o merchant_n and_o withal_o counterpoise_v the_o damage_n of_o be_v hang_v by_o their_o own_o prince_n and_o allow_v no_o quarter_n if_o take_v the_o trouble_n of_o carry_v themselves_o away_o when_o restraint_n be_v upon_o they_o and_o also_o the_o infamy_n of_o have_v be_v apostate_n to_o their_o country_n and_o cause_n i_o say_v their_o wage_n must_v be_v more_o than_o double_a to_o what_o their_o own_o prince_n give_v they_o and_o their_o aurum_fw-la must_v be_v very_o great_a that_o they_o shall_v not_o at_o long_o run_v be_v abuse_v by_o those_o who_o employ_v they_o as_o hate_v the_o traitor_n though_o love_v the_o treason_n i_o say_v moreover_o that_o those_o who_o will_v be_v thus_o tempt_v away_o must_v be_v of_o the_o base_a &_o lewd_a sort_n of_o seaman_n &_o such_o as_o have_v not_o enough_o of_o honour_n and_o conscience_n to_o qualify_v they_o for_o any_o gallant_a performance_n 3._o another_o way_n to_o exonerate_v seaman_n be_v to_o put_v great_a number_n of_o land-man_n upon_o ship_n of_o war_n in_o order_n to_o bring_v always_o seaman_n but_o this_o course_n can_v be_v effectual_a not_o only_o for_o the_o abovementioned_a antipathy_n between_o land-man_n and_o seaman_n but_o also_o because_o it_o be_v see_v that_o man_n at_o sea_n do_v not_o apply_v themselves_o to_o labour_n and_o practice_n without_o more_o necessity_n than_o happen_v in_o over_o mane_v ship_n for_o where_o there_o be_v fifty_o man_n in_o a_o vessel_n that_o ten_o can_v sufficient_o navigate_v the_o supernumerary_n forty_o will_v improve_v little_a but_o where_o there_o shall_v be_v often_o but_o one_o or_o two_o supernumeraries_n than_o necessity_n will_v often_o call_v upon_o every_o one_o to_o set_v his_o hand_n to_o the_o work_n which_o must_v be_v well_o do_v at_o the_o peril_n of_o their_o life_n moreover_o seaman_n shift_v vessel_n every_o six_o or_o twelve_o month_n do_v sometime_o sail_v in_o small_a barge_n sometime_o in_o midlingship_n and_o sometime_o in_o great_a vessel_n of_o defence_n sometime_o in_o lighter_n sometime_o in_o hoy_n sometime_o in_o ketche_n sometime_o in_o three_o waste_a ship_n sometime_o they_o go_v to_o the_o northward_a sometime_o to_o the_o southward_n sometime_o they_o coast_n sometime_o they_o cross_v the_o ocean_n by_o all_o which_o variety_n of_o service_n they_o do_v in_o time_n complete_a themselves_o be_v every_o part_n and_o circumstance_n of_o this_o faculty_n whereas_o those_o who_o go_v out_o for_o a_o summer_n in_o a_o man_n of_o war_n have_v not_o the_o variety_n of_o practice_n nor_o a_o direct_a necessity_n of_o do_v any_o thing_n at_o all_o beside_o it_o be_v three_o or_o four_o year_n at_o a_o medium_n that_o a_o seaman_n must_v be_v make_v neither_o can_v there_o be_v less_o than_o three_o seaman_n to_o make_v the_o four_o of_o a_o landman_n consequent_o the_o fifteen_o thousand_o seaman_n can_v increase_v but_o five_o thousand_o seaman_n in_o three_o or_o four_o year_n and_o unless_o their_o trade_n shall_v increase_v with_o their_o seaman_n in_o proportion_n the_o king_n must_v be_v force_v to_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o this_o improvement_n out_o of_o the_o quick_a stock_n which_o be_v intolerable_a so_o as_o the_o question_n which_o now_o remain_v be_v whither_o the_o ship_n trade_n of_o france_n be_v like_a to_o increase_v upon_o which_o account_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o france_n be_v store_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o necessary_n within_o itself_o as_o corn_n cattle_n wine_n salt_n linnen-cloth_n rape_n silk_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n as_o they_o need_v little_a ship_n to_o import_v more_o commodity_n of_o weight_n and_o bulk_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n of_o bulk_n export_v out_o of_o france_n but_o wine_n and_o salt_n the_o weight_n whereof_o be_v under_o 1000,000_o tun_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la yield_v not_o employment_n to_o above_o twenty_o five_o thousand_o tun_n of_o ship_n and_o these_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n dutch_a and_o english_a who_o be_v not_o only_o already_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o say_a trade_n but_o also_o be_v better_o fit_v to_o maintain_v it_o then_o the_o french_a be_v or_o perhaps_o ever_o can_v be_v and_o that_o for_o the_o follow_a reason_n viz._n because_o the_o french_a can_v victual_v so_o cheap_a as_o the_o english_a or_o dutch_a nor_o sail_n with_o so_o few_o hand_n second_o the_o french_a for_o want_n of_o good_a coast_n and_o harbour_n can_v keep_v their_o ship_n in_o port_n under_o the_o charge_n that_o the_o english_a or_o hollander_n can_v three_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o paucity_n and_o distance_n of_o their_o harbour_n one_o from_o another_o their_o seaman_n and_o tradesman_n relate_v to_o ship_n can_v correspond_v with_o or_o assist_v one_o another_o so_o easy_o cheap_o advantageous_o as_o in_o other_o place_n wherefore_o if_o their_o shipping-trade_n be_v not_o like_a to_o increase_v within_o themselves_o and_o much_o less_o to_o increase_v by_o their_o beat_n out_o the_o english_a and_o hollander_n from_o be_v the_o carrier_n of_o the_o world_n it_o follow_v then_o their_o seaman_n will_v not_o be_v increase_v by_o their_o increase_n of_o their_o trade_n wherefore_o and_o for_o that_o they_o be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v increase_v by_o any_o of_o their_o several_a way_n above_o specify_v and_o for_o that_o their_o part_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o retain_v ship_n of_o burden_n and_o quality_n fit_a for_o their_o purpose_n and_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o less_o fitness_n of_o their_o port_n then_o those_o of_o their_o neighbour_n i_o conceive_v that_o which_o be_v propound_v have_v be_v competent_o prove_v the_o aforenamed_a fournier_n have_v labour_v to_o prove_v the_o contrary_a to_o all_o this_o in_o the_o ninety_o second_o and_o ninety_o eight_o page_n of_o his_o hydrography_n unto_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o
reader_n not_o think_v his_o argument_n of_o any_o weight_n at_o all_o in_o the_o present_a case_n nor_o indeed_o do_v he_o make_v his_o comparison_n with_o english_a or_o hollander_n but_o with_o the_o spaniard_n who_o nor_o the_o grand_a senior_n the_o latter_a of_o who_o have_v great_a advantage_n to_o be_v powerful_a at_o sea_n then_o the_o french_a king_n can_v never_o attain_v to_o any_o illustrious_a greatness_n in_o naval_a power_n have_v after_o attempt_v but_o never_o succeed_v in_o the_o same_o nor_o be_v it_o easy_a to_o believe_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n shall_v for_o so_o many_o year_n have_v continue_v in_o his_o title_n to_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o narrow_a sea_n against_o his_o neighbour_n ambitious_a enough_o to_o have_v get_v it_o from_o he_o have_v not_o their_o impediment_n be_v natural_a and_o perpetual_a and_o such_o as_o we_o say_v do_v obstruct_v the_o most_o christian_n king_n chap._n iu._n that_o the_o people_n and_o territory_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v naturaly_a as_o considerable_a for_o wealth_n and_o strength_n as_o those_o of_o france_n the_o author_n of_o the_o state_n of_o england_n among_o the_o many_o useful_a truth_n and_o observation_n he_o have_v set_v down_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o territory_n of_o england_n and_o france_n to_o be_v as_o thirty_o to_o eighty_o two_o the_o which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a than_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n with_o the_o island_n unto_o they_o belong_v will_v altogether_o be_v near_o as_o big_a as_o france_n though_o i_o ought_v to_o take_v all_o advantage_n for_o prove_v the_o paradox_n in_o hand_n i_o have_v rather_o grant_v that_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n with_o the_o island_n before_o mention_v together_o with_o plant_v part_n of_o new_a found-land_n new_a england_n new_a netherlands_n virginia_n mary-land_n caulin_n jamaica_n barmuda_n barbadoe_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o carib_n island_n do_v not_o contain_v more_o territory_n than_o france_n and_o what_o plant_v land_n the_o french_a king_n have_v also_o in_o america_n a._n and_o if_o any_o man_n will_v be_v heterodox_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o french_a interest_n i_o can_v be_v content_v against_o my_o judgement_n to_o allow_v the_o french_a king_n territory_n to_o be_v a_o seven_o six_o or_o five_o part_n great_a than_o those_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n believe_v that_o both_o prince_n have_v more_o land_n than_o they_o do_v employ_v to_o its_o utmost_a use_n and_o here_o i_o beg_v leave_n among_o the_o several_a matter_n i_o intend_v for_o serious_a to_o interpose_v a_o jocular_a and_o perhaps_o a_o ridiculous_a digression_n and_o which_o i_o indeed_o desire_v man_n to_o look_v upon_o rather_o as_o a_o dream_n than_o a_o rational_a proposition_n which_o be_v if_o that_o all_o the_o moveable_n and_o people_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o highland_n of_o scotland_n be_v transport_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a britain_n that_o then_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n will_v thereby_o become_v more_o rich_a and_o strong_a both_o offensive_o and_o defensive_o then_o now_o they_o be_v it_o be_v true_a i_o have_v hear_v many_o wise_a man_n say_v when_o they_o be_v bewail_v the_o vast_a loss_n of_o the_o english_a in_o prevent_v and_o suppress_v rebellion_n in_o ireland_n and_o consider_v how_o little_a profit_n have_v return_v either_o to_o the_o king_n or_o subject_n of_o england_n for_o these_o five_o hundred_o year_n do_v and_o suffer_v in_o that_o country_n i_o say_v i_o have_v hear_v wise_a man_n in_o such_o their_o melancholy_n wish_v that_o the_o people_n of_o ireland_n be_v save_v that_o that_o island_n be_v sink_v under_o water_n now_o it_o trouble_v i_o that_o the_o distemper_n of_o my_o mind_n in_o this_o point_n carry_v i_o to_o dream_n that_o the_o benefit_n of_o these_o wish_n may_v practical_o be_v obtain_v without_o sink_v that_o vast_a mountainous_a island_n under_o water_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v somewhat_o difficult_a for_o although_o dutch_a engineer_n may_v drain_v its_o bog_n yet_o i_o know_v no_o artist_n that_o can_v sink_v its_o mountain_n if_o ingenious_a and_o learned_a man_n among_o who_o i_o reckon_v sr._n thomas_n moor_n and_o des_n cartes_n have_v dispute_v that_o we_o who_o think_v ourselves_o awake_a be_v or_o may_v be_v real_o in_o a_o dream_n and_o if_o the_o great_a absurdity_n of_o dream_n be_v but_o a_o preposterous_a and_o tumultuary_a contexture_n of_o reality_n i_o will_v crave_v the_o umbrage_n of_o these_o great_a man_n to_o say_v something_o too_o of_o this_o wild_a conception_n with_o submission_n to_o the_o better_a judgement_n of_o all_o those_o that_o can_v prove_v themselves_o awake_a if_o there_o be_v but_o one_o man_n live_v in_o england_n than_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o whole_a territory_n can_v be_v but_o the_o three_o livelihood_n of_o that_o one_o man_n but_o if_o another_o man_n be_v add_v the_o rent_n or_o benefit_n of_o the_o same_o will_v be_v double_a if_o three_o triple_a and_o so_o foreward_n until_o so_o many_o be_v plant_v in_o it_o as_o the_o whole_a territory_n can_v afford_v food_n unto_o for_o if_o a_o man_n will_v know_v what_o any_o piece_n of_o land_n be_v worth_a the_o true_a natural_a question_n must_v be_v how_o many_o man_n will_v it_o feed_v and_o how_o many_o man_n be_v there_o to_o be_v feed_v but_o to_o speak_v more_o practical_o land_n of_o the_o same_o quantity_n and_o quality_n in_o england_n be_v general_o worth_a three_o or_o four_o time_n as_o much_o as_o in_o ireland_n and_o but_o one_o quarter_n and_o a_o three_o of_o what_o it_o be_v in_o holland_n because_o england_n be_v four_o time_n so_o well_o people_v as_o ireland_n and_o be_v a_o quarter_n so_o well_o as_o holland_n and_o moreover_o where_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n be_v advance_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n there_o the_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_v for_o which_o the_o inheritance_n may_v be_v sell_v be_v also_o advance_v though_o perhaps_o not_o in_o the_o very_a same_o proportion_n for_o twenty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o ireland_n may_v be_v worth_a but_o eight_o pound_n and_o in_o england_n where_o tithe_n be_v very_o sure_a about_o twenty_o pound_n in_o holland_n about_o thirty_o pound_n i_o suppose_v that_o in_o ireland_n and_o the_o highland_n of_o scotland_n there_o may_v be_v above_o 1800,000_o people_n or_o about_o ⅕_n part_n of_o what_o be_v in_o all_o the_o three_o kingdom_n wherefore_o the_o first_o question_n will_v be_v whether_o england_n wales_n or_o the_o lowland_n of_o scotland_n can_v afford_v food_n that_o be_v to_o say_v corn_n flesh_n fish_n and_o fowl_n to_o a_o ⅕_n more_o people_n then_o be_v at_o present_a plant_v upon_o it_o with_o the_o same_o labour_n that_o the_o say_a ⅕_n part_n do_v now_o take_v where_o they_o be_v for_o if_o so_o than_o what_o be_v propound_v be_v natural_o possible_a second_o it_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v into_o what_o the_o moveable_n which_o upon_o such_o removable_a must_v be_v leave_v behind_o be_v worth_a for_o if_o they_o be_v worth_n less_o than_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o price_n of_o land_n in_o england_n will_v amount_v unto_o than_o the_o proposal_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v 3._o if_o the_o relict_n land_n and_o the_o immovables_n leave_v behind_o upon_o they_o may_v be_v sell_v for_o money_n or_o if_o no_o other_o nation_n shall_v dare_v to_o meddle_v with_o they_o without_o pay_v well_o for_o they_o and_o if_o the_o nation_n who_o shall_v be_v admit_v shall_v be_v less_o able_a to_o prejudice_n and_o annoy_v the_o transplanters_n into_o england_n then_o before_o then_o i_o conceive_v the_o whole_a proposal_n will_v be_v a_o pleasant_a dream_n indeed_o as_o to_o the_o first_o part_n whether_o england_n and_o the_o lowland_n of_o scotland_n will_v mantain_n one_o five_o more_o than_o they_o now_o do_v that_o be_v to_o say_v nine_o million_o of_o soul_n in_o all_o i_o say_v first_o that_o the_o say_v territory_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n contain_v about_o thirty_o six_o million_o of_o acre_n that_o be_v four_o acre_n for_o every_o head_n man_n woman_n and_o child_n but_o the_o unite_a province_n do_v not_o allow_v ½_o acre_n and_o england_n itself_o rescind_v wales_n have_v but_o three_o acre_n to_o ever_o head_n according_a to_o the_o present_a state_n of_o tillage_n and_o husbandry_n now_o if_o so_o consider_v that_o england_n have_v but_o three_o acre_n to_o a_o head_n do_v so_o abound_v in_o victual_n as_o that_o it_o make_v law_n against_o the_o importation_n of_o cattle_n flesh_n and_o fish_n from_o abroad_o and_o that_o the_o dreining_n of_o the_o fen_n improve_n of_o forest_n enclose_v of_o commons_o sow_v of_o cinque-foyl_n and_o clovergrass_n be_v grumble_v against_o by_o landlord_n be_v the_o way_n to_o depress_v the_o
subject_n of_o england_n be_v as_o effective_a as_o to_o the_o gain_n of_o wealth_n and_o riches_n as_o those_o of_o france_n and_o if_o ten_o man_n can_v defend_v themselves_o as_o well_o in_o island_n as_o twelve_o man_n upon_o the_o continent_n than_o the_o say_v ten_o be_v not_o concern_v to_o increase_v their_o territory_n by_o the_o invasion_n of_o other_o be_v as_o effectual_a as_o the_o twelve_o in_o point_n of_o strength_n also_o wherefore_o that_o there_o be_v more_o superlucrator_n in_o the_o english_a then_o in_o the_o french_a dominion_n we_o say_v as_o follow_v there_o be_v in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n about_o sixty_o million_o seaman_n in_o france_n about_o a_o quarter_n so_o many_o but_o one_o seaman_n yearn_v as_o much_o as_o three_o common_a husbandman_n wherefore_o this_o difference_n of_o seaman_n add_v to_o the_o account_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n the_o equivalent_a of_o 90,500,000_o husbandman_n there_o be_v in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n six_o thousand_o tun_n of_o ship_n worth_a about_o 4500,000_o 4_o ½_o and_o the_o actual_a charge_n of_o maintain_v the_o ship_n aforesaid_a by_o new_a build_n and_o reparation_n be_v about_o ⅓_n of_o the_o say_a sum_n which_o be_v the_o wage_n of_o 150._o husbandman_n but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o wage_n of_o above_o ⅓_n so_o many_o artisan_n as_o be_v employ_v upon_o ship_n of_o all_o sort_n viz._n shipwright_n calker_n joiner_n carver_n painter_n blockmaker_n rope-maker_n mastmaker_n smith_n of_o several_a sort_n flagmaker_n compassmaker_n brewer_n baker_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o victualler_n all_o sort_n of_o tradesman_n relate_v to_o gun_n and_o gunners-store_n wherefore_o there_o be_v four_o time_n more_o of_o these_o artisan_n in_o england_n then_o in_o france_n they_o further_o add_v to_o the_o account_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n the_o equivalent_a 80_o m._n husbandman_n more_o the_o sea_n line_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n and_o the_o adjacent_a island_n be_v about_o 3,800_o miles_n according_a to_o which_o length_n and_o the_o whole_a content_n of_o acre_n the_o say_a land_n will_v be_v a_o oblong_a or_o parallelogram_n figure_n of_o 3,800_o long_o and_o twenty_o five_o mile_n broad_a and_o consequent_o every_o part_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n be_v one_o with_o another_o but_o about_o twelve_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n whereas_o france_n contain_v but_o about_o one_o thousand_o mile_n of_o sea_n line_n be_v like_o the_o computation_n above_o sixty_o five_o mile_n from_o the_o seaside_n and_o consider_v the_o paucity_n of_o port_n in_o comparison_n to_o what_o be_v in_o the_o king_n of_o england_n dominion_n as_o good_a as_o seventy_o miles_n distance_n from_o a_o port_n upon_o which_o ground_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o england_n can_v be_v supply_v with_o all_o gross_a and_o bulky_a commodity_n of_o foreign_a growth_n and_o manufacture_n at_o far_o cheap_a rate_n than_o france_n can_v be_v viz._n above_o four_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la rend_v cheap_a the_o land_n carriage_n for_o the_o difference_n between_o england_n and_o france_n of_o the_o distance_n from_o a_o port_n be_v so_o much_o or_o near_o thereabouts_o now_o to_o what_o advantage_n this_o convenience_n amount_v upon_o the_o importation_n and_o exportation_n of_o bulky_a commodity_n can_v be_v less_o the_o labour_n of_o one_o thousand_o of_o people_n mean_v by_o bulky_a commodity_n all_o sort_n of_o timber_n blank_n and_o staff_n for_o cask_n and_o all_o iron_n lead_v stones_n brick_n and_o tile_n for_o building_n all_o corn_n sart_fw-mi and_o drink_v all_o flesh_n and_o fish_n and_o indeed_o all_o other_o commodity_n wherein_o the_o gain_n and_o loss_n of_o four_o shilling_n per_fw-la cent_n be_v considerable_a where_o note_v the_o like_a wine_n be_v sell_v in_o the_o inward_a part_n of_o france_n for_o four_o or_o five_o pound_n a_o tun_n which_o near_o the_o port_n yield_v seven_o pound_n moreover_o upon_o this_o principal_a the_o decay_n of_o timber_n in_o england_n be_v no_o very_o formidable_a thing_n as_o the_o rebuild_n of_o london_n and_o of_o the_o ship_n waste_v by_o the_o dutch-war_n do_v clear_o manifest_v nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o want_n of_o corn_n or_o other_o necessary_a provision_n in_o england_n unless_o the_o wether_n have_v be_v universal_o unseasonable_a for_o growth_n of_o the_o same_o which_o seldom_o or_o never_o happen_v for_o the_o same_o cause_n which_o make_v dearth_n in_o one_o place_n do_v after_o cause_n plenty_n in_o another_o wet-weather_n be_v propitious_a to_o highland_n which_o drown_v the_o low_a it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o poor_a of_o france_n have_v general_o less_o wage_n then_o in_o england_n and_o yet_o their_o victual_n be_v general_o dear_a there_o which_o be_v so_o there_o may_v be_v more_o superlucration_n in_o england_n then_o in_o france_n last_o i_o offer_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o all_o those_o who_o have_v travel_v through_o england_n and_o france_n whether_o the_o plebeian_n of_o england_n for_o they_o constitute_v the_o bulk_n of_o any_o nation_n do_v not_o spend_v one_o six_o more_o than_o the_o plebeian_n of_o france_n and_o if_o so_o it_o be_v necessary_a they_o must_v first_o get_v it_o and_o consequent_o that_o ten_o million_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n be_v equivalent_a to_o twelve_o of_o the_o french_a king_n and_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n to_o the_o thirteen_o ½_o million_o at_o which_o the_o french_a nation_n be_v estimate_v it_o will_v be_v here_o object_v that_o the_o splendour_n and_o magnificence_n of_o the_o french_a king_n appear_v great_a than_o those_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o the_o wealth_n of_o france_n must_v be_v proportionable_o great_a than_o that_o of_o england_n but_o that_o do_v not_o follow_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o apparent_a greatness_n of_o the_o king_n do_v depend_v upon_o the_o quarter_n part_n of_o the_o people_n wealth_n which_o he_o levi_v from_o they_o for_o suppose_v the_o people_n be_v equal_o rich_a if_o one_o of_o the_o sovereign_n levy_n five_o part_n and_o the_o other_o fifteen_o the_o one_o seem_v actual_o thrice_o as_o rich_a as_o the_o other_o whereas_o potential_o they_o be_v both_o equal_a have_v now_o dicourse_v of_o the_o territory_n people_n superlucration_n and_o defensibleness_n of_o both_o dominion_n and_o in_o some_o measure_n of_o the_o trade_n so_o far_o as_o we_o have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v ship_n ship_n and_o nearness_n to_o port_n we_o come_v next_o to_o enlarge_v a_o little_a further_o upon_o the_o trade_n of_o each_o some_o have_v estimate_v that_o there_o be_v not_o above_o three_o hundred_o million_o of_o people_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n whether_o that_o be_v so_o or_o no_o be_v not_o very_o material_a to_o be_v know_v but_o i_o have_v fair_a ground_n to_o conjecture_v and_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o have_v it_o more_o certain_o that_o there_o be_v not_o above_o eighty_o thousand_o with_o who_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a have_v commerce_n no_o european_n i_o know_v of_o trading_n direct_o or_o indirect_o where_o they_o do_v not_o so_o as_o the_o whole_a commercial_a world_n or_o world_n of_o trade_n consist_v of_o eighty_o thousand_o of_o soul_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o i_o further_a estimate_n that_o the_o value_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n yearly_o exchange_v among_o they_o do_v not_o exceed_v forty_o five_o thousand_o now_o the_o wealth_n of_o every_o nation_n consist_v chief_o in_o the_o share_n which_o they_o have_v in_o foreign_a trade_n with_o the_o whole_a commercial_a world_n rather_o then_o in_o the_o domestic_a trade_n of_o ordinary_a meat_n drink_v cloth_n etc._n etc._n and_o which_o bring_v in_o little_a gold_n silver_n pearl_n and_o other_o universal_a wealth_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n head_n for_o head_n have_v not_o a_o great_a share_n hereof_o then_o those_o of_o france_n to_o which_o purpose_n it_o have_v be_v consider_v that_o the_o manufacture_n of_o wool_n yearly_o export_v out_o of_o england_n into_o sevesal_a part_n of_o the_o world_n viz._n all_o sort_n of_o cloth_n serg_n stuff_n cotton_n bayes_n freeze_v or_o also_o stocken_v cap_n rug_n etc._n etc._n export_v out_o of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n do_v amount_v unto_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la the_o value_n of_o lead_n tin_n and_o coal_n to_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o all_o clothes_n householdstuff_a etc._n etc._n carry_v into_o america_n two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la silver_n and_o gold_n take_v from_o the_o spaniard_n sixty_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o sugar_n indigo_n tobacco_n cottham_n and_o catao_n from_o the_o southward_o part_n of_o america_n six_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o wool_n butter_n hides_n beef_n herring_n pilcher_n salmon_n export_v out_o of_o ireland_n
eight_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o coal_n salt_n linen_n yarn_n herring_n pilcher_n salmon_n bring_v out_o of_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o salt-peter_n pepper_n callicots_n diamond_n drug_n and_o silk_n bring_v out_o of_o the_o east-indies_n above_o what_o be_v spend_v in_o england_n eight_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o slave_n bring_v out_o of_o africa_n to_o serve_v in_o the_o american_n plantation_n twenty_o thousand_o which_o with_o the_o freight_n of_o the_o english_a ship_n trading_n into_o foreign_a part_n be_v above_o fifteen_o hundred_o thousand_o make_v in_o all_o ten_o million_o and_o a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o thousand_o which_o computation_n be_v sufficient_o justify_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o three_o kingdom_n who_o intrinsic_a value_n be_v think_v to_o be_v near_o about_o one_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la viz._n six_o hundred_o thousand_o payable_a to_o the_o king_n one_o hundred_o thousand_o for_o the_o charge_n of_o collect_v etc._n etc._n two_o hundred_o thousand_o smackle_v by_o the_o merchant_n and_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o gain_v by_o the_o farmer_n according_a to_o the_o common_a opinion_n and_o man_n say_v and_o this_o agree_v also_o with_o that_o proportion_n or_o part_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n which_o i_o have_v estimate_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o be_v possess_v of_o viz._n for_o about_o ten_o of_o forty_o five_o million_o but_o the_o value_n of_o the_o french_a commodity_n bring_v into_o england_n notwithstanding_o mr._n fortree_n estimate_n be_v not_o above_o twelve_o hundred_o thousand_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o the_o value_n of_o all_o the_o export_n into_o all_o the_o world_n beside_o not_o above_o three_o or_o four_o time_n as_o much_o which_o computation_n also_o agree_v well_o enough_o with_o the_o account_n we_o have_v of_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n so_o as_o france_n not_o export_v above_o half_a the_o value_n of_o what_o england_n do_v and_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o france_n except_o wine_n brandy_n paper_n and_o the_o first_o pattern_n and_o fashion_n for_o clothes_n and_o furniture_n of_o which_o france_n be_v the_o mint_n be_v imitable_a by_o the_o english_a and_o have_v withal_o more_o people_n than_o england_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n have_v head_n for_o head_n near_o thrice_o as_o much_o foreign_a trade_n as_o the_o people_n of_o france_n and_o above_o two_o part_n of_o nine_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a commercial_a world_n and_o 2_o 7_o of_o all_o the_o ship_n notwithstanding_o all_o which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o the_o king_n and_o some_o great_a man_n of_o france_n appear_v more_o rich_a and_o splendid_a than_o those_o or_o the_o like_a quality_n in_o england_n all_o which_o arise_v rather_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o government_n then_o from_o the_o intrinsic_a and_o natural_a cause_n of_o wealth_n and_o power_n chap._n v._o that_o the_o impediment_n of_o england_n greatness_n be_v contingent_a and_o removable_a the_o first_o impediment_n of_o england_n greatness_n be_v the_o territory_n thereunto_o belong_v be_v too_o far_o asunder_o and_o divide_v by_o the_o sea_n into_o so_o many_o several_a island_n and_o country_n and_o i_o may_v say_v into_o so_o many_o kingdom_n and_o different_a government_n viz._n there_o be_v three_o distinct_a legislative_a power_n in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n the_o which_o of_o instead_o of_o unite_n together_o do_v often_o cross_v one_o and_o other_o interest_n put_v bar_n and_o impediment_n upon_o one_o and_o other_o trade_n not_o only_o as_o they_o be_v foreigner_n to_o each_o other_o but_o sometime_o as_o enemy_n the_o island_n of_o jersey_n and_o guernsey_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n be_v under_o jurisdiction_n different_a from_o those_o either_o of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n the_o government_n of_o new-england_n both_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a do_v so_o differ_v from_o that_o of_o his_o majesty_n other_o dominion_n that_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o say_v what_o may_v be_v the_o consequence_n of_o it_o and_o the_o government_n of_o the_o other_o plantation_n do_v also_o differ_v very_o much_o from_o any_o of_o the_o west_n although_o there_o be_v natural_o substantial_a reason_n for_o the_o situation_n trade_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o people_n why_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o difference_n from_o all_o which_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v the_o small_a divide_a remote_a government_n be_v seldom_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o protect_v they_o all_o must_v lie_v upon_o the_o chief_a kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o all_o the_o small_a kingdom_n and_o dominion_n instead_o of_o be_v addition_n be_v real_o diminution_n the_o wealth_n of_o a_o king_n be_v threefold_a one_o be_v the_o wealth_n of_o subject_n the_o second_o be_v the_o quota_fw-la part_n of_o his_o subject_n wealth_n give_v he_o for_o the_o public_a defence_n honour_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o people_n and_o to_o manage_v such_o undertake_n for_o the_o common_a good_a as_o no_o one_o or_o a_o few_o private_a man_n be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o three_o sort_n be_v the_o quota_fw-la of_o the_o last_o mention_v quota_fw-la part_n which_o the_o king_n may_v dispose_v of_o as_o his_o own_o personal_a inclination_n and_o discretion_n shall_v direct_v now_o it_o be_v most_o manifest_a that_o the_o aforementioned_a distance_n and_o difference_n of_o kingdom_n and_o jurisdiction_n be_v great_a impediment_n to_o all_o the_o say_v several_a sort_n of_o wealth_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o follow_a particular_n 1._o in_o case_n of_o war_n with_o foreign_a nation_n england_n common_o bear_v the_o whole_a burden_n and_o charge_n whereby_o many_o in_o england_n be_v utter_o undo_v 2._o england_n sometime_o prohibit_v the_o commodity_n of_o ireland_n and_o scotland_n as_o of_o late_o it_o do_v the_o cattle_n flesh_n and_o fish_n of_o ireland_n do_v not_o only_o make_v food_n and_o consequent_o labour_n dear_a in_o england_n but_o also_o have_v force_v the_o people_n of_o ireland_n to_o fetch_v these_o commodity_n from_o france_n holland_n and_o other_o place_n which_o before_o be_v sell_v they_o from_o england_n to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o both_o nation_n 3._o it_o occasion_n a_o unnecessary_a trouble_n and_o charge_n in_o collect_v of_o custom_n upon_o commodity_n pass_v between_o the_o several_a nation_n 4._o it_o be_v a_o damage_n to_o our_o barbados_n and_o other_o american_n trade_n that_o the_o good_n which_o may_v pass_v thence_o immediate_o to_o several_a part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v sell_v at_o moderate_a rate_n must_v first_o come_v into_o england_n and_o there_o pay_v duty_n and_o afterward_o if_o at_o all_o pass_v to_o those_o country_n whither_o they_o may_v have_v go_v immediate_o 5._o the_o island_n of_o jersey_n and_o guernsey_n be_v protect_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o england_n nevertheless_o the_o labour_n and_o industry_n of_o that_o people_n which_o be_v very_o great_a redound_v most_o to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o french_a 6._o in_o new-england_n there_o be_v vast_a number_n of_o able_a body_a englishman_n employ_v chief_o in_o husbandry_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v breed_v of_o cattle_n whereas_o ireland_n will_v have_v contain_v all_o those_o person_n at_o the_o worst_a will_v have_v afford_v they_o land_n in_o better_a term_n than_o they_o have_v they_o in_o america_n if_o not_o some_o other_o better_a trade_n withal_o then_o now_o they_o can_v have_v 7._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o other_o plantation_n although_o they_o do_v indeed_o plant_v commodity_n which_o will_v not_o grow_v so_o well_o in_o england_n it_o grasp_a at_o more_o land_n than_o it_o will_v suffice_v to_o produce_v the_o say_a exotic_n in_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n to_o serve_v the_o whole_a world_n they_o do_v therein_o but_o distract_v and_o confound_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o own_o endeavour_n 8._o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n that_o the_o same_o people_n far_o and_o wide_o disperse_v must_v spend_v more_o upon_o their_o government_n and_o protection_n then_o the_o same_o live_v compact_o and_o when_o they_o have_v no_o occasion_n to_o depend_v upon_o the_o wind_n wether_n and_o all_o the_o accident_n of_o the_o sea_n a_o second_o impediment_n to_o the_o greatness_n of_o england_n be_v the_o different_a understanding_n of_o several_a material_a point_n viz._n the_o king_n prerogative_n privilege_n of_o parliament_n the_o obscure_a difference_n between_o law_n and_o equity_n as_o also_o between_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n doubt_n whether_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n have_v power_n over_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n beside_o the_o wonderful_a paradox_n that_o the_o englishman_n lawful_o send_v to_o suppress_v rebel_n in_o ireland_n shall_v after_o have_v effect_v the_o same_o be_v
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the_o british_a king_n signalise_v themselves_o even_o to_o the_o fame_n of_o hero_n especial_o the_o great_a king_n arthur_n who_o glory_n nothing_o have_v so_o much_o eclipse_v as_o that_o his_o action_n great_a enough_o in_o their_o truth_n be_v blow_v up_o into_o story_n so_o romantic_a and_o and_o surpass_v all_o credit_n maugre_o i_o say_v all_o the_o force_n can_v be_v mustered_n against_o they_o they_o still_o increase_v in_o number_n and_o strength_n till_o in_o the_o end_n the_o britain_n quite_o tire_v out_o be_v glad_a to_o retire_v into_o the_o mountainous_a and_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o land_n by_o which_o they_o keep_v themselves_o for_o many_o age_n a_o people_n entire_o distinct_a and_o their_o language_n to_o this_o very_a day_n unmixed_a the_o root_n of_o we_o being_n evident_o the_o saxon_a so_o that_o the_o other_o must_v needs_o be_v the_o ancient_a british_a and_o leave_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o be_v share_v among_o the_o new_a possessor_n who_o there_o be_v 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heptarchy_n into_o a_o perfect_a monarchy_n though_o it_o be_v tend_v towards_o it_o sometime_o before_o even_o to_o this_o day_n and_o from_o he_o the_o aera_fw-la of_o our_o english_a monarchy_n by_o historian_n and_o chronologer_n be_v repute_v to_o commence_v so_o that_o from_o the_o say_v egbert_n his_o present_a majesty_n that_o now_o happy_o reign_v be_v reckon_v the_o forty_o six_o sole_n monarch_n of_o england_n but_o scarce_o be_v this_o government_n well_o settle_v when_o the_o expect_a tranquillity_n thereof_o be_v disturb_v by_o a_o new_a generation_n of_o invader_n more_o barbarous_a and_o mischievous_a than_o ever_o any_o either_o before_o or_o since_o committer_n of_o far_o great_a outrage_n and_o cruelty_n yet_o so_o often_o either_o drive_v out_o or_o total_o extirpate_v so_o often_o brave_o conquer_a in_o the_o field_n by_o the_o high_a valour_n and_o conduct_n of_o several_a of_o our_o english_a saxon_n monarch_n who_o fame_n stand_v great_a in_o history_n to_o 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peculiar_o celebrate_v for_o this_o or_o that_o grain_n i_o have_v hear_v it_o affirm_v that_o the_o very_o best_a wheat_n in_o england_n be_v from_o a_o vale_n near_o hessen_n in_o middlesex_n lie_v southward_o of_o harrow_n on_o the_o hill_n however_o among_o the_o four_o w_n of_o herefordshire_n wheat_n be_v one_o the_o other_o three_o be_v wool_n wood_n and_o water_n moreover_o for_o oat_n if_o there_o be_v any_o where_fw-mi one_o sort_n better_o than_o another_o the_o best_a oat_n be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o lancashire_n and_o in_o great_a abundance_n than_o any_o other_o county_n and_o for_o barley_n and_o malt_n bedfordshire_n have_v among_o some_o a_o particular_a mention_n moreover_o for_o what_o be_v say_v in_o general_a of_o some_o place_n above_o other_o it_o be_v sufficient_o considerable_a which_o be_v report_v of_o the_o town_n of_o godmanchester_n in_o huntingtonshire_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o great_a name_n that_o town_n have_v for_o tillage_n and_o its_o preeminence_n above_o all_o the_o town_n of_o england_n beside_o for_o number_n of_o stout_a and_o able_a husbandman_n namely_o that_o the_o inhabitans_fw-la of_o this_o place_n use_v in_o former_a time_n to_o meet_v the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o they_o pass_v this_o way_n in_o their_o progress_n in_o a_o kind_n of_o rural_a pomp_n and_o pageantry_n of_o show_n with_o no_o few_o than_o 180_o plough_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n king_n james_n at_o his_o first_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v receive_v in_o his_o journey_n from_o scotland_n with_o 70_o team_n of_o horse_n fit_v with_o all_o their_o furniture_n to_o as_o many_o new_a plough_n the_o king_n express_v much_o delight_n and_o satisfaction_n at_o so_o brave_a and_o happy_a a_o sight_n and_o high_o applaud_v the_o industry_n and_o well_o deserve_v prosperity_n of_o the_o people_n of_o that_o place_n remarkable_a also_o be_v
the_o vale_n of_o evesham_n in_o worcestershire_n so_o call_v of_o one_o eove_v a_o swinheard_a to_o egwin_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n so_o renown_v for_o its_o fertility_n and_o excellent_a kind_n of_o corn_n it_o yield_v that_o it_o be_v call_v the_o granary_n of_o those_o part_n the_o vale_n of_o alisbury_n in_o buckinghamshire_n be_v also_o particular_o take_v notice_n of_o for_o its_o pleasant_a meadow_n and_o rich_a pasture_n nor_o be_v the_o sheep-pasture_n near_o knetworth_n in_o hartfordshire_n which_o be_v call_v the_o garden_n of_o england_n to_o be_v forget_v portholm_n meadow_n also_o in_o huntingtonshire_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o notabilia_fw-la of_o that_o county_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n of_o the_o pasturage_n however_o there_o be_v some_o place_n so_o peculiar_o remark_v either_o for_o the_o largeness_n or_o richness_n of_o their_o pasture_n that_o the_o mention_n of_o they_o can_v well_o be_v omit_v the_o isle_n of_o shepey_n in_o kent_n be_v about_o 21_o mile_n in_o compass_n be_v without_o question_n so_o denominate_v from_o the_o numerous_a flock_n of_o sheep_n which_o it_o feed_v no_o less_o celebrate_v be_v rumny-marsh_n heretofore_o a_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n under_o the_o name_n of_o romanum_n mare_n which_o by_o common_a speech_n be_v easy_o corrupt_v into_o rumnense_n marshium_n of_o this_o marsh_n twine_v in_o his_o commentary_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la anglicis_fw-la make_v a_o particular_a mention_n thus_o conclude_v denique_fw-la unde_fw-la tot_fw-la pingues_fw-la peeudes_fw-la etc._n etc._n last_o say_v he_o whence_o so_o many_o fat_a cattle_n come_v to_o the_o shambles_n that_o not_o only_o all_o kent_n be_v large_o supply_v from_o this_o place_n but_o even_o the_o city_n of_o london_n also_o in_o some_o measure_n fare_v the_o better_a in_o the_o marsh-country_n of_o norfolk_n common_o call_v marshland_n the_o soil_n be_v so_o very_o mellow_a and_o fruitful_a that_o in_o a_o certain_a large_a mead_n call_v tilneysm_v there_o be_v say_v general_o to_o feed_v no_o less_o than_o 30000_o sheep_n at_o a_o time_n wormleighton_n in_o warwickshire_n breed_v sheep_n of_o so_o large_a a_o size_n that_o there_o be_v scarce_o the_o like_a to_o be_v see_v elsewhere_o lemster_n upon_o the_o river_n lugier_n in_o herefordshire_n feed_v a_o breed_n of_o sheep_n which_o yield_v so_o fine_a and_o delicate_a a_o wool_n that_o our_o noble_a poet_n draiton_n in_o his_o polyolbion_n compare_v it_o to_o the_o wool_n of_o apulia_n and_o tarentum_n which_o have_v be_v always_o account_v the_o fine_a wool_n of_o europe_n the_o bread_n also_o of_o lemster_n be_v no_o less_o note_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o fineness_n of_o its_o flower_n insomuch_o that_o lemster_n bread_n and_o weable_o ale_n be_v unite_v into_o a_o proverb_n as_o leigh_n observe_v in_o his_o description_n of_o england_n likewise_o the_o sheep_n of_o cotsall_n i_o e._n a_o place_n of_o sheep-cotes_n or_o folds_n upon_o a_o hill_n in_o glocestershire_n yield_v so_o fine_a a_o wool_n that_o nothing_o but_o the_o spanish_a wool_n can_v outvie_v it_o and_o this_o advantage_n it_o owe_v to_o a_o present_a that_o be_v make_v by_o king_n ______o to_o ______o king_n of_o spain_n very_o much_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o england_n as_o it_o have_v since_o prove_v somerton_n once_o the_o chief_a town_n as_o some_o say_v of_o somersetshire_n and_o give_v the_o denomination_n to_o the_o shire_n consist_v almost_o whole_o with_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o of_o grazier_n and_o breeder_n of_o cattle_n after_o the_o wool_n of_o lemster_n and_o cotsall_n that_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n come_v next_o in_o estimation_n beside_o those_o place_n abovementioned_a there_o be_v one_o more_o which_o for_o its_o largeness_n and_o fruitfulness_n alike_o be_v worthy_a to_o be_v mention_v viz._n the_o vale_n of_o the_o whitehorse_n which_o be_v partly_o in_o wiltshire_n and_o partly_o in_o berkshire_n for_o fruit_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o county_n in_o england_n that_o be_v not_o tolerable_o well_o store_v in_o one_o sort_n or_o other_o but_o above_o all_o for_o cherry_n and_o now_o of_o late_a for_o pippin_n kent_n bear_v the_o name_n and_o particular_o tenham_n which_o be_v common_o style_v the_o parent_n of_o fruit_n garden_n but_o the_o first_o pippin_n bring_v over_o that_o be_v about_o 100_o year_n since_o be_v plant_v in_o that_o part_n of_o lincolnshire_n call_v holland_n and_o about_o kirton_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n nor_o be_v our_o cherry_n of_o much_o long_a date_n be_v first_o bring_v over_o from_o flanders_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o plant_v in_o kent_n with_o that_o success_n that_o one_o only_a orchard_n of_o but_o 32_o acne_n be_v say_v to_o have_v produce_v in_o one_o year_n as_o much_o as_o yield_v 1000_o l._n for_o all_o sort_n of_o apple_n and_o pear_n and_o for_o great_a quantity_n of_o excellent_a cider_n which_o furnish_v london_n and_o many_o other_o part_n worcestershire_n glocestershire_n and_o herefordshire_n be_v the_o principal_a county_n vine_n we_o have_v very_o frequent_a among_o we_o of_o several_a sort_n produce_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o very_a sweet_a and_o pleasant_a grape_n and_o good_a quantity_n of_o wine_n i_o have_v hear_v say_v have_v be_v former_o make_v at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v two_o place_n principal_o eminent_a for_o make_v of_o wine_n viz._n claverton_n in_o somersetshire_n a_o seat_n of_o sir_n william_n basset_n where_o there_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v make_v some_o year_n no_o less_o than_o 40_o hogshead_n of_o a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o palatable_a wine_n and_o in_o kent_n belong_v to_o colonel_n blunt._n at_o hatfield-house_n in_o hertfordshire_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n there_o be_v a_o parcel_n ground_n call_v the_o vineyard_n no_o doubt_n from_o the_o plenty_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o vine_n there_o plant_v and_o in_o glocestershire_n there_o be_v several_a place_n call_v vineyard_n out_o of_o which_o in_o former_a time_n they_o yearly_o pay_v rent-wine_n from_o the_o plenty_n of_o vine_n no_o doubt_n here_o grow_v moreover_o it_o be_v find_v in_o ancient_a record_n that_o several_a town_n of_o this_o shire_n pay_v rent-wine_n as_o dr._n fuller_n in_o his_o worthys_n particular_o observe_v of_o other_o production_n beside_o those_o beast_n and_o cattle_n which_o be_v of_o advantage_n for_o food_n and_o clothing_n and_o which_o no_o country_n of_o europe_n perhaps_o of_o the_o world_n bring_v forth_o more_o fair_a and_o large_a than_o england_n there_o be_v some_o beast_n of_o service_n which_o be_v common_a to_o england_n with_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n be_v general_o commend_v to_o be_v of_o a_o more_o excellent_a kind_a than_o any_o especial_o that_o which_o be_v the_o most_o serviceable_a of_o all_o other_o viz._n the_o horse_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o respect_n consider_v be_v doubtless_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o useful_a of_o all_o fourfooted_a beast_n for_o though_o the_o elephant_n camel_n and_o dromedary_n with_o which_o most_o place_v of_o asia_n and_o many_o of_o africa_n abound_v be_v more_o remarkable_a for_o vast_a bulk_n of_o body_n especial_o the_o elephant_n and_o consequent_o more_o capable_a of_o carriage_n and_o bear_n of_o great_a burden_n yet_o the_o same_o greatness_n of_o bulk_n render_v they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n more_o unfit_a for_o expedition_n and_o for_o the_o ass_n and_o mule_n which_o indeed_o be_v fair_a large_a and_o more_o numerous_a in_o spain_n and_o other_o country_n of_o europe_n than_o in_o this_o kingdom_n they_o be_v not_o certain_o to_o be_v compare_v either_o for_o shape_n service_n or_o expedition_n with_o the_o forementioned_a animal_n nor_o be_v ever_o any_o grandee_n of_o spain_n journey_v on_o his_o mule_n with_o the_o grand_a pa_n and_o spanish_a gravity_n so_o comely_a a_o sight_n as_o a_o well_o accoutre_v cavalier_n on_o horseback_n and_o of_o all_o part_n of_o england_n montgomeryshire_n be_v commend_v for_o excellent_a horse_n the_o truth_n be_v the_o spanish_a jenet_n that_o of_o barbary_n race_n common_o therefore_o call_v the_o barbary_n the_o count_n of_o oldenburgh_n breed_n in_o germany_n have_v the_o name_n before_o all_o other_o for_o swiftness_n delicacy_n of_o shape_n and_o neatness_n of_o mark_n or_o colour_n but_o for_o courage_n ability_n of_o body_n either_o for_o travel_n draught_n or_o carriage_n sufficient_a swiftness_n and_o agility_n tractableness_n for_o the_o great_a saddle_n and_o management_n in_o war_n the_o horse_n of_o english_a breed_n be_v repute_v hardly_o matchable_a by_o those_o of_o any_o other_o country_n and_o our_o dog_n much_o less_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o divers_a eminent_a author_n ortelius_n in_o his_o theatrum_fw-la orbis_n terrarum_fw-la affirm_v that_o there_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o there_o be_v better_a and_o large_a dog_n to_o be_v see_v especial_o hound_n he_o may_v
great_a lump_n or_o mass_n like_o that_o of_o newcastle_n but_o as_o it_o be_v lay_v on_o in_o great_a piece_n burn_v sheer_a away_o into_o ash_n each_o piece_n like_o wood._n up_o and_o down_o in_o several_a part_n of_o darbyshire_n and_o staffordshire_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o pit-coal_n which_o be_v common_o call_v cannel-coal_n perhaps_o as_o it_o be_v candle-coal_n because_o it_o burn_v clear_a like_o a_o candle_n this_o coal_n be_v of_o a_o bright_a shine_a gloss_n and_o withal_o of_o so_o tough_a and_o solid_a a_o substance_n that_o they_o frequent_o make_v thereof_o standish_v saltseller_n candlestick_n and_o other_o such_o like_a utensil_n which_o appear_v as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o courser_n sort_n of_o jet_n in_o staffordshire_n pensneth-chace_n be_v particular_o make_v mention_n of_o for_o plenty_n of_o pit-coal_n in_o leicestershire_n coal-overton_n in_o the_o hundred_o of_o west-goscot_a and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o north_n of_o this_o county_n where_o there_o be_v store_n of_o pit-coal_n of_o a_o bituminous_a nature_n very_o hard_a and_o fast_o in_o warwickshire_n bedworth_n in_o somersetshire_n mendip-hill_n and_o several_a place_n on_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o river_n frome_n in_o richmondshire_n the_o top_n of_o certain_a hill_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v great_a store_n of_o a_o aluminous_a matter_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v think_v may_v be_v make_v very_o good_a alum_n and_o copperass_n but_o nothing_o of_o this_o nature_n have_v be_v bring_v to_o that_o perfection_n as_o the_o alum-work_n in_o yorkshire_n through_o the_o great_a industry_n of_o sir_n john_n bourchier_n who_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n make_v away_o with_o a_o considerable_a estate_n for_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o this_o great_a work_n in_o lieu_n whereof_o he_o obtain_v the_o grant_n of_o a_o patent_n from_o the_o king_n whereby_o he_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o whole_a benefit_n of_o the_o say_a alumwork_n which_o be_v value_v at_o a_o thousand_o pound_v a_o year_n but_o however_o matter_n be_v carry_v his_o grandchild_n mr._n richard_n bourchier_n be_v now_o reduce_v to_o utmost_a necessity_n receive_v no_o relief_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o patent_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o paternal_a estate_n but_o gesborough_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v most_o particular_o note_v for_o a_o alum-mine_a which_o some_o say_v be_v first_o find_v out_o by_o sir_n thomas_n chaloner_n tutor_n to_o prince_n henry_n as_o for_o the_o stone-quarry_n of_o england_n they_o must_v indeed_o be_v confess_v inferior_a to_o those_o of_o italy_n greece_n and_o other_o part_n for_o all_o curious_a kind_n of_o marble_n alabaster_n and_o porphyry_n of_o marble_n the_o parian_a be_v ancient_o account_v the_o best_a however_o we_o have_v many_o structure_n both_o public_a and_o private_a to_o show_v which_o be_v build_v of_o our_o own_o native_a freestone_n want_v not_o their_o state_n and_o elegance_n the_o principal_a magazine_n of_o this_o commodity_n be_v the_o isle_n of_o portland_n in_o dorcetshire_n which_o have_v supply_v many_o of_o the_o grand_a building_n of_o england_n likewise_o the_o isle_n of_o purbeck_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n have_v vein_n of_o marble_n which_o though_o not_o continue_v but_o scatter_o hear_v and_o there_o as_o cambden_n observe_v yet_o run_v a_o great_a way_n under_o ground_n at_o edgcomb_n house_n near_o plymouth_n in_o cornwall_n there_o be_v dig_v good_a quantity_n of_o a_o stone_n which_o be_v of_o great_a use_n and_o ornament_n in_o building_n also_o on_o the_o moor_n of_o the_o say_a county_n there_o be_v find_v a_o sort_n of_o stone_n which_o be_v thence_o call_v the_o moor-stone_n of_o which_o there_o be_v frequent_o make_v chimney-piece_n and_o ornament_n of_o window_n and_o door_n beside_o another_o sort_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o marble_n in_o nottinghamshire_n there_o be_v dig_v a_o soft_a stone_n at_o least_o much_o soft_a than_o alabaster_n with_o which_o be_v burn_v and_o make_v into_o a_o plaster_n they_o general_o floor_n their_o upper-room_n this_o plaster_n be_v well_o lay_v as_o soon_o as_o it_o come_v to_o be_v dry_a prove_v hard_a than_o any_o plaster_n of_o paris_n and_o be_v wonderful_a durable_a in_o herefordshire_n hard_o by_o snodhill-castle_n be_v a_o quarry_n from_o whence_o they_o say_v there_o be_v dig_v forth_o very_o good_a marble_n at_o a_o place_n call_v peter_n post_n in_o yorkshire_n be_v a_o famous_a quarry_n of_o stone_n also_o near_o shirburn_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n nor_o be_v that_o near_a manchester_n in_o laneashire_n inconsiderable_a beside_o a_o quarry_n of_o a_o fine_a reddish-stone_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n irwell_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n moreover_o what_o we_o want_v in_o alabaster_n porphyry_n marble_n etc._n etc._n be_v more_o than_o compensated_a to_o we_o by_o stone_n of_o a_o great_a value_n particular_o in_o cornwall_n there_o be_v find_v in_o great_a quantity_n stone_n of_o a_o natural_a smoothness_n form_v into_o angle_n and_o considerable_o large_a some_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o walnut_n or_o thereabouts_o and_o of_o such_o a_o lustre_n that_o many_o scruple_n not_o to_o call_v they_o diamond_n and_o probable_o they_o may_v pass_v for_o such_o do_v not_o the_o cunning_a lapidary_n know_v how_o to_o distinguish_v the_o true_a orient_a diamond_n from_o other_o by_o its_o adamantine_a hardness_n and_o solidity_n likewise_o st._n vincent_n rock_n at_o bristol_n afford_v plenty_n of_o these_o english_a diamond_n common_o call_v bristol_n stone_n at_o shugbury_n in_o warwickshire_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o precious_a stone_n at_o least_o by_o some_o so_o account_v call_v astroite_n from_o a_o mark_n it_o have_v upon_o it_o resemble_v a_o star_n and_o on_o the_o rock_n of_o guarnsey_n there_o be_v a_o hard_a stone_n call_v a_o emeril_n nor_o be_v we_o whole_o destitute_a of_o marble_n and_o alabaster_n though_o doubtless_o short_a for_o beauty_n and_o fineness_n to_o those_o of_o italy_n and_o greece_n in_o some_o part_n of_o staffordshire_n there_o be_v dig_v a_o sort_n of_o alabaster_n think_v to_o be_v the_o best_a in_o england_n fullers-earth_n potters-earth_n marle_n lime_n slate_n tobacco-pipe-clay_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v large_a vein_n in_o several_a part_n particular_o woburn_n in_o bedfordshire_n abound_v in_o fullers-earth_n as_o also_o rigate_n in_o surry_n in_o some_o part_n of_o wiltshire_n the_o store_n of_o marl_n that_o be_v find_v there_o gives_z appellation_n to_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a town_n of_o that_o shire_n viz._n marlborough_n and_o in_o divers_a part_n of_o lancashire_n be_v find_v a_o marl_n which_o very_o much_o enrich_v the_o land_n near_a nonsuch_n in_o surry_n be_v a_o large_a vein_n of_o potters-earth_n near_o walsal_n in_o sussex_n be_v store_n of_o lime-pit_n and_o not_o many_o mile_n from_o pomfret_n in_o yorkshire_n it_o be_v aver_v by_o some_o that_o no_o less_o than_o 2000_o l._n a_o year_n usual_o make_v of_o the_o lime_n thereabouts_o in_o some_o part_n of_o cornwall_n there_o be_v slate_n of_o three_o sort_n and_o colour_n viz._n the_o blue_n the_o grey_a and_o the_o sage-colour_n particular_o at_o a_o place_n call_v walling-slate_n in_o cornwall_n be_v dig_v up_o great_a store_n of_o slate_n as_o also_o at_o collyweston_n in_o northamptonshire_n at_o pool_n in_o dorcetshire_n and_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n the_o best_a tobacco-pipe-clay_n and_o to_o the_o millstone_n of_o the_o peak_n before_o mention_v we_o may_v add_v those_o dig_v up_o at_o mowcup_n in_o cheshire_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o earth_n call_v talcum_n use_v by_o painter_n and_o colourer_n of_o which_o store_n be_v dig_v up_o in_o several_a part_n of_o sussex_n and_o the_o best_a of_o saltpetre_n be_v say_v to_o be_v find_v in_o northamptonshire_n out_o of_o the_o salt-pit_n of_o england_n be_v extract_v so_o white_a and_o fine_a a_o sort_n of_o salt_n that_o the_o most_o refine_a sugar_n look_v not_o more_o white_a and_o fine_a it_o be_v also_o common_o make_v up_o into_o mass_n in_o the_o form_n of_o sugar-loave_n most_o of_o these_o wiche_n the_o most_o note_a be_v in_o cheshire_n all_o denominate_v according_o viz._n nantwich_n middlewich_n and_o northwich_n nantwich_n beside_o the_o consideration_n of_o its_o salt-pit_n which_o be_v general_o call_v the_o whitewich_n be_v next_o to_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n itself_o the_o most_o eminent_a town_n of_o all_o cheshire_n middlewich_n have_v two_o pit_n between_o which_o there_o run_v a_o small_a brook_n and_o part_n they_o the_o pit_n in_o northwich_n be_v call_v the_o black-wich_a i_o suppose_v because_o the_o salt_n draw_v hence_o be_v blacker_n and_o courser_n than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n in_o worcestershire_n there_o be_v also_o a_o place_n of_o principal_a note_n for_o these_o wiche_n or_o salt-pit_n viz._n droit-wich_a or_o dirt-wich_a where_o there_o be_v three_o well_n who_o water_n from_o
the_o grand_a ornament_n of_o any_o city_n be_v the_o public_a building_n thereof_o and_o next_o to_o the_o church_n palace_n and_o bridge_n be_v the_o monumental_a structure_n that_o present_v themselves_o most_o obvious_o to_o the_o view_n of_o passenger_n in_o street_n and_o highway_n as_o aqueduct_n arch_n and_o the_o columnal_a or_o imagery-works_a erect_v as_o trophy_n in_o memory_n of_o some_o great_a action_n or_o person_n as_o also_o place_n for_o public_a game_n and_o spectacle_n for_o structure_n of_o this_o kind_n never_o any_o city_n of_o the_o world_n be_v so_o famous_a as_o old_a rome_n who_o circus_n amphitheatre_n column_n pyramid_n tryumphal_a arch_n equestrian_a statue_n etc._n etc._n next_o to_o the_o massy_a pyramid_n of_o egypt_n be_v account_v the_o great_a piece_n of_o art_n and_o magnificence_n the_o world_n ever_o see_v nor_o be_v the_o pyramid_n column_n and_o aguglia_n of_o the_o present_a rome_n altogether_o unmemorable_a of_o monument_n of_o this_o 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in_o fleetstreet_n hard_o by_o shoe-lane_n end_n and_o another_o in_o holborn_n near_o holborn-bridge_n beside_o several_a other_o of_o less_o note_n the_o only_a conduit_n late_o erect_v now_o stand_v be_v a_o pretty_a little_a structure_n between_o cow-lane_n and_o snow-hill_n since_o the_o fire_n other_o kind_n of_o monument_n have_v be_v raise_v which_o add_v not_o a_o little_a to_o the_o ornament_n of_o the_o city_n in_o general_n and_o give_v peculiar_a grace_n to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o stand_v the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v the_o monument_n erect_v where_o the_o fire_n begin_v a_o pyramid_n of_o stately_a height_n and_o curious_a workmanship_n another_o monument_n much_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n be_v design_v and_o the_o edifice_n raise_v some_o yard_n above_o the_o ground_n at_o the_o low_a end_n of_o cheapside_n at_o or_o very_o near_o the_o place_n where_o the_o conduit_n former_o stand_v a_o very_a rare_a design_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o model_n which_o i_o have_v often_o see_v at_o the_o house_n of_o the_o ingenious_a designer_n thereof_o mr_n jasper_n latham_n the_o city-mason_n at_o the_o stock-market_n be_v a_o equestrian_a statue_n in_o stone_n of_o his_o present_a majesty_n and_o another_o more_o excellent_a than_o that_o in_o brass_n of_o his_o late_a majesty_n of_o happy_a memory_n in_o the_o place_n where_o charing-cross_n stand_v in_o covent-garden_n square_n be_v a_o columnal-dial_n which_o only_o want_v somewhat_o of_o magnitude_n to_o make_v it_o a_o very_a graceful_a ornament_n to_o the_o place_n our_o theater_n at_o present_a be_v only_o two_o that_o of_o his_o majesty_n servant_n between_o bridges-street_n and_o drury-lane_n and_o that_o of_o his_o royal_a highness_n servant_n in_o salisbury-street_n with_o a_o majestic_a front_n towards_o the_o thames_n side_n artificial_a public_a bagno_n have_v not_o be_v know_v in_o england_n till_o of_o late_a the_o only_a one_o yet_o build_v be_v aside_o of_o newgate-street_n a_o pretty_a 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into_o a_o caemetery_n or_o burying-place_n which_o belong_v to_o st_n andrews-church_n this_o piece_n of_o carve_v i_o have_v hear_v commend_v by_o the_o best_a of_o artist_n in_o this_o way_n for_o the_o noble_a piece_n of_o workmanship_n in_o its_o kind_n that_o have_v be_v see_v in_o england_n town_n and_o place_n of_o england_n eminent_a for_o some_o remarkable_a accident_n person_n or_o transaction_n the_o principal_a thing_n that_o render_v any_o town_n or_o place_n remarkable_a be_v either_o the_o glory_n and_o antiquity_n of_o its_o original_a some_o notable_a revolution_n of_o government_n accident_n happen_v there_o whether_o prosperous_a or_o adverse_a battle_n fight_v or_o other_o grand_a action_n perform_v in_o or_o near_o it_o and_o the_o birth_n residence_n or_o death_n of_o prince_n and_o other_o eminent_a men._n for_o most_o if_o not_o all_o of_o those_o remark_n there_o be_v many_o town_n and_o city_n of_o england_n famous_a and_o principal_o of_o all_o that_o which_o be_v the_o principal_a of_o all_o our_o town_n and_o city_n london_n for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o seat_n of_o king_n from_o its_o original_a with_o which_o as_o the_o city_n westminster_n be_v so_o unite_a in_o place_n that_o it_o seem_v in_o a_o manner_n one_o and_o the_o same_o city_n so_o they_o mention_n and_o discourse_n of_o they_o can_v well_o be_v separate_v of_o the_o antiquity_n splendour_n of_o government_n flourish_a trade_n and_o magnificence_n of_o structure_n in_o all_o which_o london_n have_v the_o pre-eminence_n not_o only_o of_o all_o the_o place_n of_o england_n but_o perhaps_o of_o all_o europe_n several_a have_v discourse_v at_o large_a beside_o what_o we_o may_v haply_o have_v occasion_n to_o touch_v at_o elsewhere_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v but_o that_o in_o a_o city_n which_o have_v be_v a_o flourish_a city_n for_o so_o many_o age_n many_o remarkable_a accident_n must_v have_v happen_v and_o great_a action_n be_v perform_v in_o the_o mention_n whereof_o however_o all_o possible_a brevity_n must_v be_v use_v king_n lud_n who_o reign_v here_o a_o little_a before_o caesar_n arrival_n if_o he_o be_v not_o the_o first_o founder_n as_o some_o think_v he_o be_v at_o least_o not_o only_o the_o enlarge_a but_o also_o the_o denominator_fw-la for_o among_o other_o thing_n he_o build_v the_o west-gate_n which_o to_o this_o day_n retain_v the_o name_n of_o ludgate_n and_o what_o be_v before_o of_o a_o city_n by_o the_o name_n of_o trinobantium_n take_v the_o name_n of_o caer-lud_n and_o the_o present_a appellation_n of_o london_n be_v fancy_v by_o many_o to_o be_v derive_v from_o he_o as_o it_o be_v luds-town_n about_o the_o year_n 285._o hear_v alectus_fw-la lieutenant_n to_o the_o emperor_n diocletian_n be_v slay_v by_o asclepiodotus_n d._n of_o cornwall_n and_o together_o with_o he_o be_v slay_v his_o companion_n gallus_n at_o a_o brook_n which_o from_o he_o still_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o gall-brook_a or_o wall_n brook_v here_o 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notable_a defeat_n give_v by_o cheaulin_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n to_o ethelred_n king_n of_o kent_n with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o two_o of_o his_o duke_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 560._o at_o richmond_n to_o which_o in_o former_a age_n the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n retire_v for_o pleasure_n as_o of_o late_a to_o hampton-court_n and_o windsor_n there_o decease_v that_o victorious_a prince_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o anne_z the_o daughter_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o four_o and_o wife_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o henry_n of_o richmond_z the_o seven_o of_o that_o name_n king_n of_o england_n and_o that_o learned_a and_o renown_a princess_n queen_n elizabeth_n of_o happy_a memory_n kingston_n upon_o thames_n a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o much_o frequent_v market_n town_n be_v probable_o the_o usual_a place_n of_o coronation_n of_o the_o saxon_a monarch_n for_o there_o be_v keep_v the_o chair_n of_o instalment_n but_o the_o king_n most_o 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lincoln_n anthony_n fitz-herbert_n judge_n of_o the_o common_a pleas._n thomas_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr more_n knight_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o he_o write_v the_o character_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o a_o manuscript_n now_o in_o oxford_n library_n sir_n thomas_n overbury_n son_n to_o sir_n nicholas_n william_n winter_n vice-admiral_n of_o england_n under_o queen_n elizabeth_n john_n sprint_v john_n workman_n and_o richard_n capel_n tewksbury-field_n give_v a_o very_a fatal_a blow_n to_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n an._n 1471._o in_o which_o prince_n edward_n be_v slay_v and_o queen_n margaret_n take_v prisoner_n together_o with_o the_o duke_n of_o somerset_n the_o earl_n of_o devonshire_n and_o other_o who_o be_v behead_v here_o be_v bear_v the_o famous_a alan_n of_o tewksbury_n who_o flourish_v under_o king_n john_n hales_n a_o once_o flourish_a abbey_n but_o chief_o to_o be_v remember_v for_o the_o birth_n of_o alexander_n de_fw-fr hales_n surname_v dr._n 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certain_o town_n or_o city_n of_o great_a spendour_n or_o resort_n as_o wrocckester_n vriconium_n the_o ancient_a vsoconia_n of_o which_o okenyate_n be_v a_o small_a remainder_n oswaldstree_fw-mi retain_v its_o name_n from_o oswald_z the_o 11_o king_n of_o northumberland_n who_o be_v here_o slay_v in_o battle_n by_o penda_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n in_o staffordshire_n the_o county_n town_n stafford_n ancient_o bitheny_n from_o bertelin_n a_o holy_a man_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v build_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o elder_a and_o be_v make_v a_o corporation_n by_o king_n john_n tamworth_n be_v doubtless_o ancient_o a_o place_n of_o more_o spendour_n and_o amplitude_n than_o at_o present_a for_o here_o the_o mercian_n king_n for_o a_o long_a time_n keep_v their_o court._n litchfield_n though_o not_o the_o county_n town_n be_v yet_o the_o most_o eminent_a place_n of_o the_o county_n as_o be_v a_o city_n and_o episcopal_n see_v joint_o with_o coventry_n the_o chief_a church_n and_o now_o cathedral_n be_v build_v by_o the_o northumbrian_n king_n oswin_n upon_o the_o conquest_n he_o gain_v over_o the_o pagan_a mercian_n and_o here_o wulferre_v and_o celred_n be_v inter_v it_o be_v for_o some_o time_n a_o archbishopric_a by_o the_o mean_n of_o king_n offa_n at_o the_o request_n of_o bishop_n eadulph_n at_o bloreheath_n in_o this_o county_n a_o cruel_a battle_n be_v fight_v between_o the_o two_o house_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n in_o which_o there_o fall_v on_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n side_n sir_n hugh_n venables_n sir_n william_n trowthec_n sir_n richard_n mollineux_n and_o sir_n j._n egerton_n etc._n etc._n with_o 2400_o and_o the_o two_o son_n take_v prisoner_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n general_n of_o the_o yorkist_n in_o darbyshire_n beside_o derby_n the_o county_n town_n there_o be_v memorable_a ripton_n ripandunum_n where_o be_v inter_v ethelbald_a the_o 9_o king_n of_o the_o mercian_n who_o be_v slay_v at_o egiswald_n by_o his_o subject_n and_o whence_o burthr_v the_o last_o king_n be_v expel_v by_o the_o dane_n with_o
in_o many_o respect_n as_o for_o its_o minster_n for_o its_o entertainment_n of_o king_n athelstan_n who_o hence_o settihg_v forth_o in_o a_o barge_n upon_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi be_v row_v by_o kennadie_n king_n of_o the_o scot_n malcolm_n king_n of_o cumberland_n macon_n king_n of_o man_n and_o several_a prince_n of_o wales_n by_o be_v make_v so_o great_a a_o principality_n by_o the_o investiture_n of_o hugh_n lupus_n by_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o minster_n of_o this_o city_n be_v build_v by_o earl_n leofric_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o st._n werburga_n repair_v by_o hugh_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o in_o this_o minster_n be_v bury_v the_o body_n of_o henry_n the_o four_o emperor_n of_o germany_n at_o calve_o be_v bear_v sir_n hugh_n calve_o a_o soldier_n of_o great_a fame_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o as_o likewise_o be_v sir_n robert_n knowles_n of_o this_o shire_n ecleston_n give_v birth_n to_o thomas_n thence_o surname_v ecleston_n 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henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o in_o caernarvonshire_n caernarvon_n be_v memorable_a as_o have_v be_v raise_v by_o king_n e._n 1._o from_o the_o ruin_n of_o that_o ancient_a city_n which_o be_v call_v by_o antonine_n segontium_n and_o by_o ninius_n caer-custenith_a and_o where_o as_o matthew_n westminster_n report_v be_v find_v the_o body_n of_o constantius_n the_o father_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a anno_fw-la 1283._o in_o merionethshire_n the_o principal_a town_n harlech_n be_v only_o worth_a memory_n for_o its_o stately_a castle_n in_o cardiganshire_n cardigan_n the_o shire-town_n be_v wall_v about_o and_o fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n by_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n who_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o whole_a county_n by_o the_o gift_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o in_o brecknockshire_n hay_n be_v remember_v by_o its_o ruin_n to_o have_v be_v once_o a_o place_n of_o account_n for_o it_o be_v report_v in_o history_n to_o 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the_o chief_a town_n and_o episcopal_n see_v landaff_n with_o its_o castle_n and_o cathedral_n be_v not_o so_o famous_a as_o the_o town_n of_o caerdiff_n as_o have_v be_v the_o seat_n and_o residence_n of_o that_o renown_a fitz-hammond_n and_o his_o norman_a knight_n who_o after_o the_o conquest_n of_o rhesus_n prince_n of_o wales_n keep_v here_o his_o court_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n rufus_n and_o build_v here_o a_o strong_a castle_n in_o the_o hall_n whereof_o be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v the_o ensign_n of_o the_o say_v fitz-hammond_n and_o his_o knight_n in_o this_o castle_n have_v be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n and_o be_v still_o keep_v the_o audit_n for_o the_o earl_n of_o pembroke_n estate_n in_o wales_n in_o monmouthshire_n monmouth_n the_o county-town_n be_v yet_o far_o more_o considerable_a upon_o several_a respect_n first_o as_o be_v deliver_v by_o geraldus_fw-la to_o have_v be_v the_o place_n where_o great_a king_n arthur_n keep_v his_o court._n next_o as_o a_o 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wealthy_a peer_n and_o other_o as_o more_o seek_v the_o good_a of_o the_o publick-weal_n than_o their_o own_o private_a interest_n which_o ever_o redound_v in_o the_o end_n to_o their_o profit_n for_o though_o the_o poor_a be_v never_o so_o industrious_a yet_o want_v what_o to_o trade_n with_o their_o industry_n will_v faint_v but_o if_o they_o have_v employment_n to_o improve_v themselves_o land_n and_o all_o thing_n else_o will_v be_v improve_v and_o advance_v to_o a_o high_a estimate_n and_o the_o growth_n of_o england_n be_v make_v of_o value_n equal_a if_o not_o exceed_v any_o european_a commodity_n whatsoever_o so_o that_o this_o spot_n of_o a_o island_n may_v nay_o be_v right_o term_v the_o store-house_n of_o the_o world_n who_o can_v subsist_v of_o herself_o but_o without_o who_o commodity_n few_o nation_n can_v maintain_v their_o grandeur_n but_o to_o the_o purpose_n the_o king_n after_o the_o conquest_n intend_v to_o make_v this_o their_o constant_a seat_n and_o make_v 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father_n heir_n and_o further_o i_o will_v that_o no_o man_n wrong_v you_o and_o so_o god_n keep_v you_o this_o free_a concession_n give_v scope_n to_o trade_n be_v much_o augment_v by_o succeed_a king_n so_o that_o tradesman_n grow_v numerous_a they_o so_o prevail_v upon_o the_o benign_a bounty_n of_o the_o reign_v prince_n that_o they_o after_o long_a fraternity_n obtain_v at_o several_a time_n to_o be_v incorporate_a in_o distinct_a body_n or_o company_n to_o implead_v or_o be_v implead_v as_o one_o man_n the_o account_n of_o which_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o divers_a king_n reign_v shall_v in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n be_v set_v down_o begin_v at_o the_o first_o of_o the_o twelve_o and_o so_o to_o proceed_v in_o order_n chap._n ii_o the_o original_a of_o the_o company_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n viz._n the_o principal_a twelve_o of_o the_o time_n of_o their_o be_v incorporate_v and_o by_o what_o king_n and_o queen_n as_o likewise_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o other_o 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trade_v to_o spain_n be_v incorporate_v by_o queen_n elizabeth_n 6._o the_o east-india_n merchant_n be_v incorporate_v by_o queen_n elizabeth_n anno_fw-la 1600._o from_o which_o time_n they_o have_v continual_o inprove_v their_o trade_n in_o those_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v now_o one_o of_o the_o wealthy_a corporation_n in_o europe_n their_o first_o rise_n be_v by_o employ_v a_o joint-stock_n to_o build_v ship_n of_o which_o now_o they_o have_v store_n and_o so_o themselves_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o porteguese_n and_o other_o industrious_a people_n trade_v to_o the_o indies_n and_o soon_o find_v the_o advantage_n by_o bring_v home_o the_o same_o commodity_n which_o we_o before_o be_v behold_v to_o stranger_n for_o at_o second_o hand_n and_o dear_a rate_n 7._o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n james_n the_o eastland_n greenland_n and_o french_a merchant_n be_v settle_v in_o company_n and_o trade_a with_o great_a success_n building_n many_o ship_n and_o continual_o employ_v some_o thousand_o of_o person_n in_o the_o management_n of_o their_o affair_n export_v commodity_n of_o our_o growth_n and_o bring_v in_o those_o of_o the_o growth_n of_o other_o country_n 8._o there_o be_v likewise_o a_o company_n of_o virginia_n or_o west-india_n merchant_n who_o industry_n have_v much_o improve_v our_o colony_n in_o america_n and_o advance_v the_o king_n revenue_n in_o his_o custom_n twenty_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la which_o trade_n into_o those_o part_n have_v and_o daily_o will_v increase_v and_o turn_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o our_o nation_n and_o be_v a_o mean_n of_o make_v further_a discovery_n in_o those_o vast_a sea_n in_o which_o lie_v hide_v past_o doubt_n many_o fair_a island_n if_o not_o continent_n as_o rich_a as_o those_o which_o yield_v the_o spaniard_n yearly_o so_o many_o million_o of_o ducat_n in_o gold_n over_o and_o bar_n of_o silver_n these_o and_o other_o trader_n in_o remote_a part_n make_v england_n flourish_n and_o stand_v the_o envy_n of_o her_o neighbour_n nation_n there_o be_v likewise_o the_o guinnie_n and_o barbary_n company_n both_o rich_a in_o ship_n and_o merchandise_n have_v since_o their_o incorporation_n get_v great_a esteem_n and_o much_o improve_v navigation_n and_o now_o have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o constitution_n and_o settlement_n of_o those_o in_o general_a that_o drive_v on_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n before_o i_o launch_v into_o the_o ocean_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o other_o country_n or_o to_o describe_v their_o trade_n and_o traffic_n i_o shall_v expose_v to_o public_a view_n the_o commodity_n of_o my_o native_a country_n with_o all_o the_o island_n and_o dominion_n that_o surround_v it_o viz._n such_o â—s_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o british_a sceptre_n as_o also_o in_o due_a place_n and_o order_n as_o also_o of_o â—he_n currant_n coin_n the_o weight_n measure_n and_o such_o other_o matter_n relate_v to_o commerce_n as_o be_v available_a to_o the_o compile_n of_o this_o treatise_n and_o first_o of_o engâ—and_n and_o wales_n chap._n iu._n of_o england_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o in_o general_n and_o particular_a with_o a_o survey_n of_o all_o the_o measure_n weight_n currant_n coin_n inland_a commerce_n and_o what_o tend_v to_o navigation_n a_o description_n of_o the_o most_o material_a county_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o wales_n in_o general_n england_n the_o head_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n be_v in_o every_o place_n so_o admirable_a abound_v with_o plenty_n that_o to_o describe_v she_o in_o every_o part_n of_o her_o trade_n and_o beautiful_a situation_n will_v exact_v a_o large_a volume_n therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o in_o brief_a expose_v to_o view_v what_o be_v most_o material_a as_o to_o my_o purpose_n and_o first_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o cornwell_n as_o be_v the_o remote_a of_o the_o english_a county_n or_o province_n though_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o in_o many_o place_n to_o appearance_n a_o barren_a and_o mountainous_a country_n yet_o do_v it_o produce_v rich_a mine_n of_o tinn_n which_o bring_v to_o perfection_n be_v of_o great_a esteem_n in_o all_o country_n with_o it_o there_o be_v also_o dig_a gold_n and_o silver_n though_o hardly_o worth_a refine_n the_o earth_n not_o have_v heat_n enough_o to_o bring_v it_o to_o perfection_n there_o be_v find_v likewise_o a_o stone_n transparent_a natural_o form_v in_o angle_n and_o point_n like_o a_o diamond_n which_o be_v it_o not_o so_o common_a may_v merit_v high_a esteem_n on_o that_o coast_n herring_n and_o pilchard_n be_v take_v in_o great_a number_n which_o not_o only_o sustain_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o be_v dry_v prove_v good_a merchandise_n in_o spain_n france_n flanders_n and_o italy_n the_o sea_n coast_n be_v adorn_v with_o many_o town_n of_o which_o falmouth_n be_v chief_a be_v capable_a of_o receive_v many_o vessel_n nor_o be_v st._n ives_n of_o less_o note_n yield_v great_a store_n of_o fish_n not_o reckon_v less_o yearly_a than_o four_o or_o five_o thousand_o hogshead_n of_o pilchard_n and_o five_o hundred_o barrel_n of_o herring_n beside_o some_o tun_n of_o congerdoust_n &_o great_a store_n of_o ray-fish_n which_o employ_v some_o hundred_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o enable_v they_o to_o provide_v plentiful_o for_o their_o family_n and_o reserve_v as_o the_o old_a say_n be_v a_o penny_n against_o a_o rainy_a day_n these_o commodity_n viz._n pilchard_n be_v vend_v by_o the_o hogshead_n four_o of_o they_o make_v a_o tun_n as_o likewise_o by_o the_o thousand_o they_o allow_v twelve_o hundred_o small_a tale_n to_o the_o thousand_o and_o a_o barrel_n of_o herring_n common_o thirty_o gallon_n be_v sell_v to_o the_o merchant_n for_o eighteen_o shilling_n twenty_o shilling_n or_o according_a as_o the_o fish_n season_n be_v propitious_a congerdoust_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o kintale_n viz._n one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n to_o the_o kintale_n ray-fish_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n sell_v fresh_a and_o that_o by_o the_o dozen_o at_o two_o shilling_n four_o penny_n two_o shilling_n six_o penny_n and_o sometime_o three_o shilling_n per_n dozen_o but_o their_o dozen_o be_v extraordinary_a large_a they_o allow_v sometime_o sixty_o to_o the_o dozen_o but_o sometime_o less_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n their_o weight_n be_v one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n according_a to_o the_o slander_n their_o yard_n and_o ell_n equal_a to_o those_o of_o london_n their_o bushel_n for_o grain_n and_o salt_n import_v contain_v twenty_o eight_o gallon_n water_n measure_n and_o so_o proportionable_a the_o great_a or_o the_o lesser_a measure_n but_o their_o bushel_n use_v in_o public_a market_n for_o corn_n be_v but_o twenty_o gallon_n their_o gallon_n agree_v with_o the_o winchester_n gallon_n the_o baker_n in_o those_o part_n be_v but_o few_o and_o the_o most_o thing_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o be_v salt_n ten_o thousand_o bushel_n be_v yearly_o spend_v in_o cure_v their_o fish_n the_o manner_n of_o take_v pilchard_n and_o herring_n be_v with_o net_n but_o the_o ray-fish_n with_o hook_n the_o first_o be_v fish_v for_o from_o the_o first_o of_o july_n till_o the_o first_o of_o january_n the_o second_o from_o michalemass_n till_o christmas_n and_o the_o three_o and_o last_o only_o in_o the_o prime_n of_o summer_n sixty_o boat_n and_o about_o four_o hundred_o man_n be_v employ_v therein_o devonshire_n be_v no_o less_o rich_a in_o vein_n of_o tin_n adorn_v it_o be_v with_o many_o town_n and_o good_a havens_n as_o exon_n dartmouth_n and_o plymouth_n the_o latter_a famous_a for_o produce_v the_o worthy_a sr._n francis_n drake_n the_o seaport_n as_o the_o former_a most_o subsist_v by_o fishery_n dorsetshire_n abound_v in_o cattle_n fertile_a pasture_n and_o linen_n manufacture_n it_o be_v chief_a town_n be_v dorchester_n and_o waymouth_n somersetshire_n be_v famous_a for_o the_o many_o trade_n place_n contain_v in_o its_o circuit_n but_o especial_o in_o bristol_n the_o second_o city_n of_o england_n for_o naval_a commerce_n as_o be_v store_v with_o merchant_n trade_n into_o most_o part_n of_o the_o know_a world_n it_o abound_v in_o riches_n and_o the_o county_n no_o less_o in_o corn_n cattle_n wool_n woollen_a cloth_n serges_n and_o other_o valuable_a commodity_n which_o they_o trade_v withal_o to_o other_o adjacent_a county_n darbyshire_n the_o head_n of_o which_o be_v the_o town_n of_o derby_n abound_v in_o plenty_n of_o corn_n leaden_a mine_n and_o other_o mineral_n wiltshire_n be_v a_o inland_a county_n but_o the_o people_n frugal_n and_o industrious_a their_o chief_a commodity_n be_v woollen-cloth_n which_o be_v disperse_v all_o over_o england_n and_o bring_v they_o a_o good_a return_n maintain_v at_o least_o three_o thousand_o person_n in_o card_v spine_a weave_a shear_a dress_n and_o the_o like_a the_o head_n of_o this_o county_n be_v salisbury_n
of_o sixteen_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n and_o be_v call_v garbel_n by_o reason_n a_o draught_n or_o waste_v be_v allow_v to_o every_o weigh_v seven_o pound_n of_o this_o weight_n be_v account_v to_o weigh_v a_o gallon_n of_o wheat_n and_o so_o multiply_v to_o fifty_o six_o pound_n the_o bushel_n seven_o pound_n averdupois_n be_v one_o hundred_o and_o two_o ounce_n of_o troy_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v account_v that_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n must_v weigh_v one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n and_o a_o quarter_n four_o hundred_o forty_o eight_o pound_n averdupois_n and_o so_o consequent_o fourteen_o pound_n averdupois_n be_v sixteen_o pound_n eleven_o ounce_n troy_n and_o as_o one_o penny_n sterling_n be_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n troy_n so_o seven_o pound_n twelve_o shilling_n sterling_n be_v eighty_o four_o ounce_n a_o half_a and_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o troy_n and_o six_o pound_n eight_o shilling_n sterling_a be_v eighty_o two_o pound_n ¾_n ounce_n and_o one_o penny_n weight_n and_o from_o these_o two_o be_v the_o weight_n of_o household_n wheaten_n and_o white_a bread_n calculate_v the_o weigh_v of_o cheese_n be_v by_o averdupois_n and_o run_v thus_o the_o weigh_v of_o cheese_n one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n averdupois_n and_o the_o two_o hundred_o contain_v two_o hundred_o twenty_o four_o pound_n consist_v of_o thirty_o four_o clove_n every_o clove_n be_v seven_o pound_n the_o weigh_v of_o suffolk_n cheese_n be_v two_o hundred_o fifty_o six_o and_o the_o weigh_v of_o essex_n cheese_n three_o hundred_o thirty_o six_o pound_n averdupois_n a_o sack_n of_o wool_n be_v account_v three_o hundred_o fifty_o four_o pound_n averdupois_n two_o weigh_v of_o wool_n make_v a_o sack_n and_o two_o sack_n a_o last_o the_o last_o of_o herring_n be_v ten_o thousand_o every_o one_o thousand_o to_o contain_v ten_o hundred_o and_o every_o hundred_o sixscore_o that_o be_v before_o they_o be_v barrel_v lead_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o fodder_n contain_v nineteen_o hundred_o and_o ½_o at_o one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_n averdupois_n this_o weight_n likewise_o of_o sixteen_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n be_v make_v three_o several_a quintars_n for_n weigh_v several_a sort_n of_o merchandise_n the_o first_o be_v of_o fivescore_o pound_n just_a to_o the_o hundred_o and_o call_v one_o hundred_o sutle_n whereby_o fine_a commodity_n as_o spice_n drug_n and_o the_o like_a be_v sell_v which_o be_v account_v by_o the_o pound_n and_o to_o which_o over_o and_o above_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o seller_n four_o pound_n upon_o one_o hundred_o and_o four_o pound_n take_v from_o the_o overplus_n derive_v from_o the_o weight_n of_o antwerp_n for_o spice_n and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o tret_n the_o second_o of_o the_o quintars_n be_v one_o hundred_v and_o twelve_o viz_o fivescore_o and_o twelve_o to_o the_o hundred_o by_o which_o all_o gross_a commodity_n be_v weigh_v the_o three_o be_v sixscore_a to_o the_o hundred_o by_o which_o tinn_n be_v weigh_v to_o his_o majesty_n farmer_n and_o some_o other_o few_o commodity_n and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o stannery_n hundred_o from_o this_o averdupois_n weight_n by_o division_n the_o weight_n call_v the_o stone_n which_o be_v twofold_a the_o long_a and_o the_o short_a the_o long_o be_v account_v four_o pound_n averdupois_n and_o the_o short_a eight_o but_o in_o this_o there_o be_v no_o certainty_n for_o it_o differ_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o county_n and_o market_n there_o be_v a_o other_o thing_n in_o use_n call_v a_o tod_n some_o place_n seven_o pound_n other_o eight_z and_o some_o again_o ten_o be_v altogether_o variable_a they_o have_v likewise_o a_o clove_n of_o twenty_o pound_n twenty_o eight_o pound_n thirty_o two_o pound_n and_o the_o like_a there_o be_v likewise_o in_o most_o market_n for_o weigh_v of_o flesh_n stillyards_n use_v but_o without_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o buyer_n they_o be_v unintelligible_a to_o many_o and_o oftentimes_o false_a first_o invent_v for_o the_o weigh_v hay_n and_o straw_n for_o which_o use_v indeed_o they_o be_v only_o proper_a averdupois_n consist_v of_o sixteen_o ounce_n every_o ounce_n consist_v of_o eight_o dram_fw-la and_o every_o dram_n of_o sixty_o grain_n so_o that_o by_o it_o the_o raw-silk_n of_o persia_n and_o turkey_n be_v sell_v but_o then_o twenty_o four_o ounce_n be_v allow_v to_o the_o pound_n or_o a_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a etc._n etc._n thus_o have_v distinguish_v these_o weight_n which_o be_v of_o such_o use_n in_o this_o nation_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o that_o i_o show_v you_o what_o accord_n the_o one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n suttle_n have_v with_o other_o nation_n and_o place_n of_o traffic_n as_o for_o the_o equality_n of_o weight_n though_o they_o differ_v in_o number_n in_o europe_n it_o agree_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o mersella_n the_o venetia_n sotile_n the_o venetia_n gross_n sicilia_n lisbon_n florence_n anvers_n lion_n sevil_n dantzick_n bruges_n in_o africa_n and_o asia_n with_o the_o weight_n of_o aleppo_n aleppo_n tripoli_n syria_n tripoli_n barbaria_n alexandrio-zera_n alexandria_n forfar_n forfar_n scio_fw-la constantinople_n rhodes_n acria_n babylon_n balsola_n and_o ormus_n and_o thus_o you_o see_v reader_n the_o industry_n and_o improvement_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n which_o now_o i_o must_v leave_v and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o scotland_n chap._n viii_o a_o view_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o in_o general_n together_o with_o the_o coin_n custom_n and_o increase_v of_o that_o ancient_a kingdom_n scotland_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o continue_v a_o distinct_a kingdom_n for_o so_o many_o hundred_o year_n even_o till_o the_o happy_a union_n by_o king_n james_n and_o indeed_o do_v yet_o in_o most_o thing_n unless_o the_o prerogative_n royal_a be_v think_v worthy_a to_o be_v treat_v of_o separate_o though_o indeed_o the_o north_n part_n of_o britain_n and_o only_o separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n tweed_n salway_n and_o the_o cheviot-hill_n it_o be_v chief_a city_n be_v edenburg_n which_o contain_v the_o king_n palace_n the_o court_n of_o justice_n &_o consist_v of_o one_o great_a street_n of_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n into_o which_o all_o the_o petty_a street_n and_o lane_n open_a the_o next_o chief_a city_n and_o town_n be_v glasgow_n the_o see_v of_o a_o archbishop_n and_o a_o university_n st._n andrews_n sterling_n perth_n aberdeen_n dondes_n st._n john_n town_n etc._n etc._n the_o currant_n money_n consist_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o be_v as_o follow_v piece_n of_o twenty_o two_o shilling_n sterling_a piece_n of_o eleven_o shilling_n sterling_a piece_n of_o five_o shilling_n six_o penny_n sterling_a piece_n of_o two_o shilling_n nine_o penny_n sterling_a piece_n of_o four_o shilling_n four_o penny_n â…œ_n sterling_n piece_n of_o one_o shilling_n one_o half_a penny_n sterling_n piece_n of_o nine_o shilling_n six_o penny_n be_v â…”_n of_o the_o thirteen_o penny_n half_a penny_n one_o mark_n piece_n of_o four_o penny_n half_a penny_n sterling_n but_o note_v that_o thirteen_o penny_n half_a penny_n sterling_n be_v account_v a_o scotch_a mark_n or_o thirteen_o shilling_n four_o penny_n scotch_a sixpence_n three-farthing_n a_o scotch_a noble_a account_v six_o shilling_n and_o eight_o penny_n twenty_o penny_n sterling_a be_v account_v a_o mark_n and_o a_o half_a scotch_a or_o one_o pound_n scotch_a of_o twenty_o shilling_n sterling_n be_v eighteen_o scotch_a mark_n so_o that_o stranger_n unacquainted_a with_o their_o money_n hear_v they_o discourse_n about_o it_o think_v they_o far_o rich_a than_o they_o be_v they_o have_v other_o piece_n of_o copper_n money_n of_o small_a value_n as_o babaes_n bodles_n hard_a head_n and_o the_o like_a but_o indeed_o they_o have_v principal_o the_o money_n of_o england_n which_o be_v currant_n in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o of_o late_o have_v abound_v in_o silver_n the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o the_o country_n be_v cloth_n freeze_v fish_n hides_n salt_n lead_v over_o tallow_n grain_n of_o all_o sort_n feather_n iron_n alum_n seacole_n common_o call_v scotch-coal_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n viz._n the_o highland_n and_o lowland_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o sherifdom_n and_o fife_n they_o have_v a_o exchange_n in_o imitation_n of_o â—urs_n at_o london_n but_o especial_o use_v for_o the_o exchange_n of_o money_n with_o england_n the_o keep_n of_o their_o account_n divers_a way_n some_o keep_v they_o according_a to_o the_o method_n of_o england_n other_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a use_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n which_o be_v in_o mark_n valuable_a as_o aforesaid_a their_o weight_n for_o weigh_v merchandise_n be_v but_o one_o and_o with_o that_o they_o buy_v and_o sell_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n it_o contain_v sixteen_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n and_o one_o hundred_o of_o those_o pound_n make_v their_o quintal_n which_o in_o england_n be_v one_o
length_n 3000_o miles_n and_o when_o it_o overflows_a not_o it_o portent_v some_o fatal_a disaster_n to_o the_o king_n or_o kingdom_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o land_n be_v fertilize_v for_o as_o for_o rain_v there_o be_v none_o the_o chief_a place_n of_o traffic_n be_v alexandria_n a_o famous_a seaport_n found_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o cairo_n common_o call_v grand_a cairo_n and_o in_o these_o centre_n the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a country_n therefore_o omit_v place_n of_o lesser_a note_n i_o shall_v only_o take_v a_o view_n of_o these_o two_o city_n and_o their_o commerce_n with_o such_o as_o trade_n in_o those_o part_n and_o first_o of_o alexandria_n alexandria_n first_o found_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a in_o expedition_z to_o conquer_v the_o world_n be_v the_o chief_a maritime_a city_n of_o egypt_n and_o from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v thither_o bring_v flax_n hemp_n honey_n wax_n rice_n balsam_n date_n drug_n and_o spice_n and_o the_o country_n in_o general_n produce_v abundance_n of_o palm_n tree_n beside_o hither_o be_v bring_v the_o plenty_n of_o arabia_n india_n and_o persia_n as_o spice_n drug_n silk_n etc._n etc._n so_o that_o the_o customhouse_n be_v accountable_a yearly_a for_o great_a sum_n of_o gold_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o palm_n tree_n that_o grow_v in_o that_o country_n be_v this_o they_o always_o grow_v in_o cupples_n twist_v or_o twine_v viz._n male_a and_o female_a the_o female_a palm_n only_o bear_v fruit_n and_o that_o not_o without_o the_o male_a for_o if_o the_o male_a palm_n be_v cut_v away_o the_o female_a will_v not_o bear_v the_o fruit_n be_v cod_n with_o seed_n and_o pleasant_a juice_n the_o pith_n of_o these_o tree_n be_v excellent_a in_o taste_n and_o very_o nourish_v of_o the_o leave_n they_o make_v fan_n mat_n and_o basket_n of_o the_o outward_a husk_n of_o the_o cod_n cordage_n and_o of_o the_o inward_a brush_n the_o fruit_n they_o bear_v be_v like_o a_o fig_n which_o serve_v the_o inhabitant_n for_o meat_n green_a and_o dry_v for_o bread_n the_o weight_n use_v here_o be_v four_o sort_n first_o the_o quintar_n of_o zera_n second_o the_o quintar_n of_o forfor_o three_o the_o quintar_n of_o zaidin_n the_o four_o the_o quintar_n of_o mina_n the_o first_o be_v find_v to_o be_v english_a 112_o pound_n the_o second_o 93_o pound_n english_a the_o three_o 134_o pound_n english_a the_o four_o the_o 167_o pound_n english_a averdupois_n weight_n the_o measure_n be_v twofold_a viz._n the_o pico_n barbaresco_n which_o be_v use_v for_o the_o measure_v of_o cloth_n both_o linen_n and_o woollen_a and_o be_v in_o length_n 25_o â…ž_n english_a inch_n and_o the_o pico_n turchesco_n with_o which_o be_v measure_v silk_n fine_a stuff_n cloth_n of_o gold_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v find_v to_o be_v 22_o ¼_n english_a inch_n as_o for_o wet_a and_o dry_a measure_n they_o be_v of_o little_a use_n the_o custom_n be_v to_o sell_v by_o weight_n for_o the_o most_o part_n chap._n xxvii_o a_o view_n of_o cairo_n and_o the_o trade_n weight_n measure_n and_o custom_n thereof_o cairo_n be_v a_o famous_a city_n situate_v in_o the_o vast_a plain_n beneath_o the_o mountain_n of_o mucatun_n and_o not_o above_o 2_o mile_n from_o the_o bank_n of_o nilus_n adorn_v with_o many_o stately_a building_n as_o palace_n college_n temple_n and_o the_o like_a and_o have_v in_o it_o a_o large_a burse_n or_o exchange_n of_o 3_o story_n high_a the_o first_o of_o which_o consist_v of_o warehouse_n for_o gross_a good_n in_o the_o second_o be_v lay_v up_o musk_n amber_n silk_n spice_n and_o the_o like_a and_o in_o the_o three_o the_o merchant_n who_o have_v warehouse_n there_o lodge_v with_o their_o retinue_n which_o merchant_n be_v of_o 6_o sort_n first_o the_o native_a egyptian_n second_o the_o arabian_n or_o moor_n three_o the_o merchant_n of_o europe_n christian_n four_a the_o turk_n five_o the_o jew_n and_o sixthly_a the_o christian_n of_o africa_n as_o greek_o armenian_n etc._n etc._n the_o lord_n of_o this_o city_n and_o country_n be_v the_o grand_a signeour_n who_o govern_v by_o his_o bashaw_n or_o vice-king_n the_o commodity_n trade_v for_o by_o the_o europian_n merchant_n be_v flax_n rice_n balsam_n pull_v fruit_n cotton_n sugar_n hemp_n and_o the_o like_a which_o according_a to_o the_o overflow_a of_o nilus_n the_o soil_n yield_v in_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n so_o that_o when_o they_o have_v a_o plentiful_a year_n they_o make_v a_o feast_n to_o nilus_n or_o the_o river_n god_n as_o they_o term_v he_o and_o exceed_o rejoice_v thereto_o the_o yearly_a revenue_n of_o this_o kingdom_n accrue_v by_o custom_n and_o other_o way_n amount_v to_o 3_o million_o of_o sheraffe_n each_o value_v at_o 8_o shilling_n sterling_a one_o million_o of_o which_o be_v send_v to_o the_o grand_a signior_n one_o for_o maintain_v the_o force_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o other_o to_o enable_v the_o bashaw_n to_o keep_v his_o court._n the_o custom_n be_v either_o pay_v in_o species_n or_o compound_v for_o at_o 10_o per_fw-la cent_n only_o money_n enter_v pay_v but_o one_o and_o a_o half_a per_fw-la cent_n but_o outward_a all_o commodity_n pay_v 11_o per_fw-la cent_n which_o be_v account_v the_o souldan_n custom_n the_o custom_n of_o alexandria_n be_v farm_a by_o the_o jew_n at_o 20000_o medins_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la which_o according_a to_o computation_n amount_v to_o 55000_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la sterling_n their_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o alexandria_n the_o currant_n coin_n in_o egypt_n be_v spanish_a royal_n of_o 8_o which_o they_o call_v piastre_n and_o dollar_n the_o meden_n the_o asper_n the_o soltana_n xeriffe_n and_o cheqeen_v the_o value_n of_o each_o as_o before_o recite_v their_o account_n be_v various_o keep_v some_o in_o one_o sort_n of_o coin_n and_o some_o in_o another_o the_o chief_a trade_n drive_v here_o by_o the_o european_a christian_n be_v by_o the_o french_a and_o venetian_n the_o english_a have_v of_o late_o decline_v it_o as_o have_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o country_n or_o the_o same_o commodity_n at_o cheap_a rate_n in_o india_n and_o aleppo_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o continent_n of_o egypt_n chap._n xxviii_o a_o view_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o the_o sea_n appertain_v to_o africa_n with_o their_o commodity_n trade_n weight_n measure_n etc._n etc._n the_o isle_n be_v these_o viz._n madagascar_n zocotara_n st._n thomas_n the_o canary_n island_n the_o island_n of_o assores_fw-la or_o tarceras_n the_o first_o abound_v in_o ginger_n cloves_n and_o silver_n mine_n and_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o portugal_n anno_fw-la 1506._o the_o money_n in_o use_n among_o the_o native_n be_v glass_n bead_n of_o cambaia_n which_o pass_v currant_n among_o they_o their_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v few_o and_o those_o uncertain_a the_o second_o lie_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n 10_o degree_n northward_o from_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o yield_v cattle_n and_o corn_n but_o the_o chief_a thing_n trade_v for_o be_v aloe_n which_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o quintar_n which_o averdupois_n english_a be_v 93_o pound_n the_o three_o lie_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a in_o which_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o portugal_n the_o chief_a commodity_n it_o yield_v be_v sugar_n of_o which_o so_o much_o be_v make_v as_o lade_v yearly_o 50_o vessel_n of_o good_a burden_n their_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o use_v at_o lisbon_n as_o indeed_o wherever_o the_o portugal_n plant_v themselves_o they_o impose_v their_o own_o weight_n and_o measure_n on_o the_o inhabitant_n four_o the_o canary_n island_n which_o be_v 7_o in_o number_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n be_v very_o fruitful_a abound_v in_o sugarcane_n and_o those_o bird_n we_o call_v caâ—â—ry_a bird_n and_o in_o canary_n wine_n which_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o island_n of_o which_o 4_o or_o 500_o tun_n be_v yearly_o export_v and_o disperse_v over_o europe_n there_o be_v likewise_o wood_n of_o excellent_a use_n for_o dyer_n hither_o the_o english_a trade_n and_o for_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o island_n exchange_n say_v serge_n bay_n linen_n etc._n etc._n their_o weight_n measure_n and_o coin_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o sevil_n of_o which_o in_o order_n i_o shall_v speak_v five_o the_o island_n of_o assores_fw-la or_o tarceras_n direct_o under_o the_o meridian_n be_v first_o discover_v by_o the_o fleming_n and_o abound_v in_o cattle_n corn_n wood_n and_o the_o like_a but_o be_v of_o little_a use_n some_o for_o harbour_v and_o revictualling_a of_o ship_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o the_o east-indies_n as_o be_v many_o other_o small_a island_n lie_v in_o that_o vast_a ocean_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o africa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n xxix_o a_o view_n of_o asia_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n
of_o the_o latter_a there_o be_v find_v such_o abundance_n that_o the_o chief_a sovereign_n have_v 2_o million_o of_o ducat_n yearly_a accrue_v by_o that_o commodity_n and_o in_o fiando_n one_o of_o the_o island_n appertain_v to_o japan_n the_o english_a have_v settle_v a_o factory_a the_o weight_n in_o use_n be_v the_o pecul_n and_o cattee_n the_o pecul_n consist_v of_o 100_o cattee_n each_o cattee_n be_v 21_o ounce_n which_o render_v the_o pecul_n in_o cira_n 131_o pound_n english_a the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o inchin_n or_o tattamy_n which_o be_v 2_o â…›_n english_a yard_n their_o concave_a measure_n be_v the_o cocas_fw-es which_o be_v a_o pint_n english_a winchester_n measure_n 3_o of_o which_o be_v a_o gant_n 100_o gants_n be_v a_o ickgoga_n 100_o icklogag_n be_v one_o ickmagog_n and_o 1000_o ickmagogs_n be_v one_o mangoga_n their_o coin_n be_v the_o tale_n mass_n and_o condery_a the_o tale_n be_v 5_o shilling_n sterling_a the_o mass_n which_o contain_v 10_o condery_n be_v 6_o penny_n sterling_a they_o have_v 2_o barrs_n of_o gold_n currant_n likewise_o among_o they_o which_o be_v call_v ichebo_n and_o coban_n the_o former_a of_o which_o be_v account_v worth_n 30_o shilling_n sterling_a and_o the_o latter_a 34_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n sterling_a zelan_n be_v a_o fair_a island_n in_o the_o gulf_n of_o bengala_n and_o be_v so_o fruitful_a that_o the_o tree_n have_v continual_a blossom_n green_a and_o ripe_a fruit_n on_o they_o and_o be_v a_o portugueze_v factory_a though_o under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n and_o in_o it_o be_v find_v nutmeg_n clove_n and_o pepper_n tree_n good_a store_n and_o likewise_o cinnamon_n the_o prime_a sort_n grow_v in_o grove_n it_o also_o yield_v many_o precious_a stone_n as_o ruby_n topaz_n garnati_n spinal_n and_o on_o the_o coast_n store_n of_o pearl_n be_v get_v by_o fish_v there_o be_v likewise_o find_v some_o mine_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n iron_n brimstone_n and_o flax_n grow_v and_o in_o the_o wood_n be_v a_o beast_n find_v who_o bone_n be_v much_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o ivory_n their_o weight_n measure_n and_o coin_n be_v either_o those_o of_o portugal_n or_o india_n the_o native_n be_v a_o people_n of_o great_a subtlety_n and_o in_o body_n the_o most_o active_a in_o asia_n chap._n l_o a_o view_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o molucco_n also_o the_o trade_n weight_n measure_n and_o currant_n coin_n there_o in_o use_n and_o of_o the_o other_o adjacent_a island_n these_o island_n common_o call_v the_o island_n of_o moluccos_n be_v 5_o in_o number_n viz._n molucco_n the_o chief_a tarnate_a tider_n gelolo_n and_o macian_a there_o be_v likewise_o not_o far_o distant_a benda_n and_o 70_o other_o island_n all_o of_o which_o yield_v spice_n as_o nutmeg_n clove_n mace_n and_o some_o cinnamon_n all_o grow_a in_o they_o there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o gulf_n or_o sea_n amboina_fw-la where_o the_o barbarous_a dutch_a commit_v inhuman_a cruelty_n on_o the_o english_a factor_n etc._n etc._n and_o afterward_o contrary_a to_o their_o contract_a agreement_n cut_v down_o and_o kill_v all_o the_o clove_n tree_n in_o the_o island_n of_o polerone_n purchase_v of_o they_o by_o the_o english_a the_o common_a coin_n in_o moluccoe_n amboina_fw-la and_o benda_n be_v the_o spanish_a rotolo_n ½_o what_o otherwise_o they_o barter_n for_o be_v in_o commodity_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o babar_n and_o cat_n the_o amboinian_a babar_n be_v 200._o cat_n or_o english_a 625_o pound_n and_o be_v account_v the_o great_a babar_n and_o in_o some_o island_n they_o have_v a_o babar_fw-la 10_o time_n as_o much_o as_o the_o amboinian_a babar_n a_o cattee_n be_v near_o 6_o pound_n english_a and_o 10_o cat_n of_o mace_n be_v account_v a_o small_a babar_n and_o value_v at_o 10_o rial_n of_o 8_o yet_o the_o small_a babar_n of_o nutmeg_n be_v 100_o cat_n and_o value_v as_o the_o mace_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o cubit_n and_o fathom_n and_o concave_a measure_n for_o grain_n and_o pepper_n the_o canton_n which_o be_v near_o 3_o quart_n english_a and_o the_o quoian_a which_o be_v 800._o canton_n the_o chief_a trade_n of_o these_o island_n be_v of_o late_o ingross_v by_o the_o dutch_a who_o have_v of_o late_o be_v find_v superior_a to_o the_o portugal_n who_o first_o discover_v they_o and_o hold_v for_o many_o year_n the_o principal_a commerce_n with_o the_o indian_n chap._n li._n a_o view_n of_o the_o java_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o that_o tract_n of_o the_o weight_n measure_n native_a commodity_n coin_n etc._n etc._n the_o java_n be_v two_o island_n viz._n the_o great_a and_o the_o less_o the_o great_a be_v in_o circuit_n 3000._o miles_n and_o the_o lesser_a 2000_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o nearness_n to_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v exceed_v fruitful_a and_o have_v for_o their_o chief_a city_n paluban_n pegar_o agaim_n balambua_n basnia_n samara_n limbrie_n and_o other_o but_o the_o chief_a scale_n of_o trade_n be_v at_o sunda_n calapa_n bantum_n jacatra_n now_o battavia_n and_o japarra_n in_o the_o last_o 3_o of_o which_o the_o english_a have_v factory_n the_o commodity_n with_o which_o these_o island_n abound_v be_v clove_n nutmeg_n mace_n pepper_n indian_a nut_n rice_n cattle_n etc._n etc._n the_o pepper_n be_v account_v the_o best_a in_o india_n and_o grow_v in_o such_o abundance_n that_o yearly_o the_o english_a buy_v up_o great_a store_n the_o island_n not_o be_v judge_v to_o produce_v less_o than_o 10_o or_o 12000._o quintal_n each_o season_n there_o be_v find_v likewise_o camphora_n frankincense_n benjamin_n and_o precious_a stone_n among_o which_o some_o diamond_n of_o great_a value_n for_o which_o commodity_n the_o native_n receive_v calico_n of_o divers_a colour_n cotton_n cloth_n silk_n stuff_n glass_n knife_n and_o the_o like_a in_o sunda_fw-la the_o principal_a mart_n of_o java_n major_n their_o principal_a money_n be_v small_a copper_n piece_n hang_v upon_o string_n call_v caix_n and_o be_v tell_v out_o by_o the_o 100_o or_o 1000_o 200_o being_n account_v a_o satta_n 5_o sattas_n be_v a_o crusado_n of_o portugal_n or_o in_o english_a money_n value_v at_o about_o 6_o shilling_n but_o the_o european_a merchant_n keep_v their_o account_n for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o ryal_n of_o 8_o â—_o spanish_a and_o penny_n 60_o penny_n go_v to_o the_o rotolo_n 9_o â—_o the_o weight_n of_o bantam_n jucatra_n japparra_n and_o at_o sunda_n be_v the_o pecul_n cattee_n and_o babar_n the_o cattee_n contain_v 20_o ounce_n and_o 100_o cattee_n be_v a_o pecul_n or_o 125_o pound_n english_a a_o babar_n be_v 330._o cattee_n of_o 20._o ounce_n and_o suppose_a to_o make_v good_a weight_n 412_o pound_n averdupois_n their_o concave_a measure_n be_v the_o timbam_fw-la chief_o in_o use_n for_o rice_n and_o pepper_n and_o be_v account_v 10._o sackful_n or_o to_o contain_v 5_o pecul_n in_o weight_n so_o that_o each_o sack_n be_v reckon_v at_o 62_o ½_o pound_n averdupois_n 2_o sack_n make_v a_o pecul_n as_o for_o measure_n of_o length_n they_o be_v rare_o use_v here_o and_o those_o that_o be_v be_v consistent_a with_o those_o of_o england_n portugal_n and_o holland_n chap._n lii_o a_o view_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o summatra_n and_o other_o island_n lie_v in_o the_o indian_a sea_n this_o island_n be_v former_o call_v traprobana_n and_o then_o esteem_v to_o be_v the_o large_a in_o the_o world_n be_v in_o length_n 700._o miles_n and_o in_o breadth_n 200._o miles_n and_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o equator_fw-la one_o half_a lie_v beyond_o and_o the_o other_o on_o this_o side_n the_o equinoctial_a which_o render_v it_o exceed_o fertile_a and_o healthful_a so_o that_o there_o be_v find_v many_o rich_a commodity_n of_o the_o native_a production_n as_o pepper_n ginger_n aloe_n raw_a silk_n cassia_n gold_n silver_n brass_n and_o drug_n of_o divers_a sort_n there_o be_v likewise_o find_v a_o brimstone_n mount_v that_o continual_o burn_v as_o likewise_o 2_o fountain_n yield_v the_o one_o balsamum_n and_o the_o other_o oil_n yet_o not_o any_o considerable_a store_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o island_n be_v daren_n pacen_n and_o andryede_o the_o whole_a be_v divide_v under_o many_o king_n and_o the_o chief_a port_n be_v achin_n ticko_n jambe_n and_o priuran_n in_o most_o of_o which_o the_o english_a have_v factory_n this_o island_n stand_v not_o above_o 20_o mile_n from_o malucca_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o native_a commodity_n be_v carry_v thither_o that_o island_n be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o portugese_n though_o of_o late_a much_o infest_a by_o the_o dutch_a who_o have_v get_v foot_v and_o build_v some_o fortress_n on_o the_o sea_n coast_n in_o this_o island_n of_o summatra_n upon_o its_o first_o discovery_n the_o islander_n have_v a_o barbarous_a custom_n to_o eat_v man_n flesh_n and_o hoard_v up_o their_o scull_n which_o they_o pass_v from_o one_o to_o
3_o chief_a scale_n of_o europe_n chap._n lxi_o a_o view_n of_o lisbon_n the_o metropolis_n of_o portugal_n of_o the_o trade_n growth_n weight_n measue_n coin_n and_o custom_n thereof_o lisbon_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n commodious_o seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n tagus_n the_o city_n and_o suburb_n be_v 10_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o not_o imagine_v to_o contain_v less_o than_o 38000._o family_n beautify_v with_o 67_o tower_n place_v upon_o the_o wall_n and_o 22_o gate_n all_o the_o house_n be_v build_v magnificent_a and_o indeed_o the_o people_n give_v to_o great_a industry_n but_o especial_o to_o navigation_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o many_o discovery_n they_o have_v make_v they_o be_v the_o first_o that_o discover_v the_o eastern_a tract_n even_o to_o the_o india_n and_o there_o by_o trade_n and_o force_v get_v foot_v and_o show_v the_o way_n to_o england_n and_o holland_n who_o have_v now_o bring_v it_o to_o perfection_n even_o to_o the_o great_a enrich_v either_o nation_n and_o of_o all_o the_o commodity_n bring_v from_o india_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n by_o the_o portugal_n this_o city_n be_v the_o scale_n for_o hither_o come_v yearly_a the_o spice_n of_o arabia_n the_o silk_n of_o persia_n the_o rich_a commodity_n of_o china_n and_o the_o gold_n silver_n precious_a stone_n and_o spice_n of_o india_n and_o especial_o pearl_n the_o fishery_n thereof_o remain_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o lisbon_n and_o afterward_o disperse_v throughout_o europe_n to_o this_o city_n flow_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o also_o that_o of_o spain_n from_o which_o kingdom_n it_o be_v now_o separate_v as_o former_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o city_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v principal_o the_o small_a and_o the_o great_a cantars_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o be_v divide_v into_o 4_o rove_n and_o each_o rove_n contain_v 32_o real_n which_o be_v 128_o pound_n at_o 14_o ounce_n per_fw-la pound_n and_o of_o florence_n weight_n be_v compute_v 149_o pound_n their_o small_a quintar_n for_o pepper_n and_o ginger_n be_v between_o 110_o and_o 112_o pound_n english_a the_o rove_n or_o quartern_a be_v 27_o ½_o and_o sometime_o 27_o â—_o 4_o pound_n but_o the_o great_a quintal_n be_v 15_o or_o 16_o per_fw-la cent_n more_o than_o our_o 112_o pound_n the_o quintar_n common_o call_v the_o king_n be_v quintar_n use_v in_o his_o contractation_n house_n for_o weigh_v the_o spice_n and_o drug_n of_o india_n be_v 114_o pound_n english_a and_o the_o great_a cantar_n of_o lisbon_n be_v most_o compute_v 130_o pound_n english_a etc._n etc._n the_o measure_n of_o length_n use_v in_o this_o city_n be_v the_o coveda_n which_o be_v the_o three_o part_n of_o a_o english_a yard_n and_o the_o ware_n which_o want_v but_o a_o nale_n of_o a_o english_a ell_n by_o the_o former_a they_o measure_v woollen_a clothes_n etc._n etc._n and_o by_o the_o latter_a linen_n etc._n etc._n the_o concave_a measure_n of_o lisbon_n be_v the_o alquire_n 3_o of_o which_o be_v find_v to_o make_v a_o english_a bushel_n and_o 5_o a_o spanish_a hannep_n they_o have_v a_o other_o measure_n by_o which_o they_o meet_v their_o salt_n call_v muy_fw-es which_o be_v 60_o alquire_n and_o 2_o muys_n and_o 15_o alquire_n be_v a_o tunn_n bristol_n water_n measure_n the_o custom_n inward_a be_v 23_o per_fw-la cent_n that_o be_v to_o the_o dechima_fw-la 10_o to_o the_o sisa_n 10_o and_o to_o the_o consolado_n 3_o and_o outward_a merchant_n pay_v only_o 3._o the_o coin_n be_v the_o croisado_n of_o gold_n compute_v to_o be_v worth_a 400_o reas._n the_o ducat_n of_o portugal_n which_o be_v ten_o real_n and_o account_v 5_o shilling_n sterling_a or_o the_o croisado_n the_o ryal_n which_o be_v 40_o reas_n and_o account_v 6_o penny_n sterling_a the_o golden_a mirle_n which_o be_v worth_a 1000_o reas_n and_o account_v 2_o 5_o 2_o ducat_n the_o ducat_n be_v 2_o ½_o ryal_n or_o 15_o penny_n sterling_a the_o vintin_n which_o be_v 20_o reas_n or_o 3_o penny_n sterling_a the_o single_a ryal_n of_o spain_n which_o be_v 2_o vintines_n there_o be_v likewise_o the_o coin_n of_o spain_n passable_a in_o this_o city_n but_o see_v they_o be_v not_o the_o proper_a coin_n of_o portugal_n i_o shall_v pass_v they_o over_o as_o have_v already_o mention_v they_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o now_o leave_v portugal_n i_o shall_v pass_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n and_o in_o view_v the_o trade_n of_o some_o city_n thereof_o give_v a_o summary_n account_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n commerce_n both_o inland_a and_o by_o navigation_n chap._n lxii_o a_o view_n of_o france_n the_o province_n trade_n custom_n weight_n measure_n and_o currant_n coin_n reduce_v into_o the_o view_n of_o the_o principal_a trade_n city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n france_n be_v a_o large_a and_o fertile_a part_n of_o europe_n bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o british_a ocean_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o aquitanian_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o pirenaean_a hill_n and_o river_n rhine_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a province_n the_o trade_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v instance_n in_o these_o follow_a city_n viz._n bordeaux_n roven_n paris_n lion_n and_o marselia_n of_o these_o in_o order_n bordeaux_n be_v situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o geronde_n be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o aquitain_n and_o be_v place_v in_o a_o very_a fruitful_a soil_n especial_o for_o wine_n the_o principal_a vineyard_n of_o france_n be_v account_v in_o its_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o grape_n therein_o grow_v be_v make_v whitewine_n and_o claret_n in_o abundance_n and_o of_o late_a all_o pall_a wine_n and_o such_o as_o otherwise_o be_v foul_a &_o not_o merchantable_a they_o lmibeck_n off_o into_o brandy_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v vend_v in_o england_n and_o holland_n they_o have_v likewise_o several_a vineyard_n yield_v grape_n that_o make_v sweet-wine_n common_o call_v high_a country_n wine_n the_o which_o lest_o it_o shall_v hinder_v the_o sail_n of_o the_o other_o they_o prohibit_v to_o be_v sell_v in_o their_o city_n till_o christmas_n day_n when_o the_o high_a country_n merchant_n bring_v it_o in_o and_o sell_v it_o to_o stranger_n there_o resident_a and_o such_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n that_o that_o vessel_n or_o light_a that_o first_o set_v her_o head_n on_o shoar_n be_v account_v free_a from_o impost_n or_o custom_n yet_o must_v in_o lieu_n thereof_o for_o that_o day_n give_v wine_n on_o free-cost_n to_o such_o as_o come_v on_o board_n to_o drink_v it_o to_o this_o city_n it_o be_v that_o our_o english_a merchant_n trade_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o yearly_o bring_v 20000_o tun_n of_o whitewine_n claret_n sweet_a and_o brandy_n wine_n in_o time_n when_o no_o prohibition_n be_v lay_v this_o city_n former_o for_o many_o year_n have_v be_v english_a there_o be_v find_v great_a quantity_n of_o prune_n of_o the_o neighbour_a growth_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n though_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o to_o this_o place_n money_n be_v remit_v for_o which_o most_o the_o inhabitant_n trade_v not_o as_o in_o other_o place_n of_o traffic_n free_o barter_v good_n for_o good_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o liver_n sold_n and_o deny_v as_o indeed_o throughout_o the_o kingdom_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o pound_n 100_o of_o which_o be_v reckon_v a_o quintar_n or_o 110_o english_a 90_o ¾_n pound_n be_v 100_o pound_n english_a their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v a_o auln_v account_v 42_o english_a inch_n their_o wine_n be_v compute_v by_o hogshead_n and_o tearce_n viz._n claret_n and_o white-wine_n and_o their_o brandy_n by_o punching_n of_o no_o certain_a gage_n chap._n lxiii_o a_o view_n of_o roven_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o roven_v be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o normandy_n be_v the_o parliamentary_a seat_n of_o that_o province_n and_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n sein_fw-fr all_o its_o territory_n be_v fertile_a and_o it_o abound_v with_o rich_a merchandise_n as_o well_o of_o other_o nation_n as_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n and_o be_v visit_v by_o most_o of_o the_o merchant_n of_o all_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n trade_n in_o the_o growth_n of_o france_n the_o place_n afford_v of_o natural_a growth_n and_o native_a manufacture_n fine_a and_o coarse_a linen_n buckram_n paper_n card_n wine_n stuff_n comb_n etc._n etc._n for_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n or_o such_o french_a merchant_n as_o send_v their_o commodity_n thither_o to_o be_v vend_v receive_v of_o the_o english_a kersey_n of_o devonshire_n and_o
yorkshire_n bay_n of_o coxal_a cotton_v of_o wales_n pepper_n gaul_n yarn_n tinn_n lead_v fish_n etc._n etc._n but_o of_o late_o they_o have_v get_v a_o custom_n to_o trade_n for_o sterling_n many_o commodity_n be_v allow_v at_o no_o other_o exchange_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o sold_n liver_n and_o denier_n as_o for_o weight_n here_o be_v principal_o find_v the_o king_n beam_n call_v the_o viconte_n which_o exceed_v our_o long_a hundred_o viz._n 112_o pound_n 14_o per_fw-la cent_n so_o that_o it_o make_v english_a 126_o pound_n though_o sometime_o less_o their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o auln_v account_v 46_o inch_n or_o somewhat_o more_o by_o which_o they_o measure_v woollen_a and_o linen_n cloth_n and_o in_o this_o measure_n they_o allow_v 24_o for_o 20_o call_v the_o merchant_n auln_v this_o city_n afford_v great_a store_n of_o canvas_n for_o the_o sail_n of_o ship_n and_o such_o like_a use_n which_o be_v likewise_o measure_v by_o the_o auln_v and_o have_v allowance_n as_o aforesaid_a though_o not_o unless_o great_a quantity_n be_v buy_v in_o this_o city_n 3_o fair_n be_v yearly_o hold_v at_o 2_o whereof_o liberty_n for_o 15_o day_n be_v grant_v to_o buy_v and_o transport_v all_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n custom-free_a provide_v the_o commodity_n be_v lade_v and_o fall_v down_o the_o river_n to_o a_o place_n limit_v within_o 15_o day_n after_o or_o else_o to_o pay_v custom_n as_o at_o other_o time_n the_o first_o of_o which_o begin_v the_o 3d._a day_n of_o february_n and_o end_v the_o 18_o the_o second_o begin_v on_o whit-monday_n and_o last_v 15_o day_n the_o three_o begin_v on_o the_o 23_o day_n of_o october_n and_o continue_v 8_o day_n only_o and_o be_v not_o custom-free_a as_o the_o former_a as_o for_o the_o concave_a measure_n they_o be_v few_o and_o such_o as_o be_v common_a throughout_o france_n and_o of_o which_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o speak_v therefore_o in_o this_o chapter_n i_o willing_o omit_v they_o chap._n lxiv_o a_o view_n of_o paris_n the_o metropolis_n of_o france_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n weight_n measure_n coin_n custom_n exchange_n and_o commodity_n there_o vend_v parish_n be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o france_n and_o be_v account_v 10_o mile_n in_o circumference_n be_v situate_a on_o either_o side_n the_o river_n sein_fw-fr that_o river_n glide_v smooth_o through_o it_o thereby_o render_v it_o more_o commodious_a for_o traffic_n though_o through_o the_o sloth_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n it_o be_v not_o improve_v to_o the_o advantage_n it_o may_v be_v yet_o here_o be_v find_v commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o likewise_o of_o most_o nation_n though_o in_o no_o abundance_n the_o commodity_n export_v hence_o be_v linen_n paper_n card_n comb_n stuff_n thread_n plush_n etc._n etc._n for_o which_o they_o receive_v english_a cloth_n stocking_n lead_v tinn_n bays_n old_a shoe_n silk_n of_o italy_n and_o some_o indian_a commodity_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n gentry_n and_o therefore_o not_o addict_v to_o manufacture_n the_o weight_n of_o paris_n be_v the_o quintal_n which_o be_v account_v 100_o pound_n gross_a but_o find_v to_o make_v 100_o pound_n of_o london_n suttle_n 2_o per_fw-mi cent_n more_fw-it or_o less_o and_o be_v of_o lion_n weight_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 116_o pound_n and_o venetian_a sottle_n 144_o pound_n 100_o sottle_n in_o venice_n make_v sottle_n of_o paris_n weight_n but_o 62_o â—_o 2_o pound_n of_o 15_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n the_o cargo_n or_o great_a quintal_n of_o paris_n be_v 300_o pound_n of_o troy_n weight_n yet_o make_v in_o florence_n 487_o pound_n the_o concave_a measure_n for_o wine_n be_v the_o cistern_n which_o contain_v 8_o pint_n or_o a_o french_a gallon_n 96_o of_o which_o be_v account_v a_o tun._n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v two_o one_o for_o linen_n and_o the_o other_o for_o silk_n and_o be_v much_o about_o the_o length_n of_o the_o vantagd_v and_o unvantage_v auln_n but_o seldom_o use_v in_o gross_n by_o reason_n in_o this_o city_n silk_n stuff_n etc._n etc._n be_v sell_v by_o weight_n which_o to_o the_o buyer_n be_v advantageous_a by_o reason_n he_o can_v be_v impose_v on_o with_o slight_a silk_n and_o stuff_n but_o that_o what_o it_o want_v in_o goodness_n will_v be_v make_v out_o in_o measure_n this_o city_n be_v the_o chief_a standard_n of_o coin_n for_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n therefore_o in_o this_o i_o shall_v give_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o most_o french_a coin_n currant_n first_o the_o denire_fw-la 2_o of_o which_o make_v a_o double_a and_o twelve_o a_o sold_n and_o 20_o sold_n a_o liver_n by_o some_o call_v a_o frank_n and_o in_o these_o three_o viz._n sold_v denier_n and_o liver_n the_o account_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n keep_v there_o be_v piece_n of_o 8_o sold_n each_o piece_n be_v the_o 1_o â—_o part_n of_o a_o silver_n french_a crown_n 64_o sold_n be_v account_v a_o french_a crown_n and_o 4_o sold_n which_o be_v of_o 3_o livors_n turnois_n piece_n of_o 21_o sold_n 4_o denier_n be_v the_o 1_o 8_o part_n of_o the_o say_a crown_n common_o call_v teston_n and_o the_o ½_o and_o ¼_n thereof_o and_o as_o the_o quarter_n crown_n be_v at_o first_o raise_v from_o 15_o sold_n to_o 16_o and_o thereby_o the_o 60_o sold_n to_o 64_o so_o in_o the_o like_a proportion_n be_v the_o teston_n raise_v the_o golden_a coin_n be_v the_o crown_n of_o 3_o liver_n or_o 60_o sold_n the_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v 3_o liver_n 16_o sold_n or_o 76_o sold_n and_o the_o pistol_n each_o liver_n be_v account_v 12_o penny_n sterling_a there_o be_v likewise_o crown_n of_o 6_o shilling_n sterling_a but_o these_o money_n as_o indeed_o most_o foreign_a coin_n do_v rise_v and_o fall_v according_a to_o the_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n or_o more_o proper_o at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o proper_a coin_n they_o be_v as_o for_o the_o exchange_n i_o shall_v refer_v they_o till_o i_o come_v to_o treat_v in_o general_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o exchange_n chap._n lxv_o a_o view_n of_o lion_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n lion_n be_v once_o the_o famous_a mart_n of_o france_n and_o a_o great_a scale_n of_o trade_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o incommodious_a situation_n in_o want_v a_o port_n or_o navigable_a river_n for_o great_a ship_n it_o have_v give_v place_n to_o the_o haven_n town_n yet_o continue_v some_o trade_n especial_o inland_a be_v seat_v on_o a_o fruitful_a soil_n fertilize_v by_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o river_n rhoan_n and_o soame_n the_o chief_a manufactory_a of_o silk_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n be_v settle_v in_o it_o which_o when_o wrought_v be_v send_v through_o europe_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v commerce_n with_o marselia_n the_o chief_a port_n for_o the_o residence_n of_o ship_n here_o exchange_n be_v practise_v the_o banker_n or_o merchant_n of_o venetia_n florence_n and_o naples_n have_v factor_n resident_a in_o lion_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o hither_o it_o be_v that_o the_o english_a merchant_n bring_v lead_v tinn_n bays_n coney-skin_n etc._n etc._n to_o exchange_n for_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o province_n the_o account_n be_v keep_v as_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o coin_n currant_n be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o paris_n the_o fair_n be_v 4_o in_o which_o all_o payment_n either_o by_o exchange_n or_o merchandise_n be_v make_v and_o all_o payment_n run_v from_o 3_o month_n to_o 3_o month_n if_o agree_v to_o in_o a_o public_a place_n or_o burse_n appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n the_o first_o of_o these_o fair_n begin_v immediate_o after_o the_o octave_n of_o easter_n the_o second_o the_o first_o monday_n after_o the_o assumption_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n the_o three_o the_o day_n after_o all_o soul_n the_o four_o the_o day_n after_o epiphany_n each_o continue_a 15_o day_n all_o exchange_n business_n be_v do_v and_o all_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v make_v and_o date_v in_o one_o day_n and_o within_o 2_o day_n follow_v they_o settle_v the_o rate_n of_o exchange_n and_o by_o these_o fair_n they_o limit_v their_o payment_n and_o the_o time_n allow_v in_o their_o bill_n from_o hence_o to_o venice_n florence_n and_o rome_n be_v common_o 30_o day_n to_o naples_n and_o valentia_n 25_o day_n and_o so_o consequent_o according_a to_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o place_n it_o be_v payable_a at_o though_o agreement_n be_v make_v for_o long_a time_n it_o be_v often_o grant_v the_o weight_n most_o in_o use_n be_v the_o king_n beam_n of_o the_o customhouse_n and_o the_o 2_o town_n beam_n the_o king_n beam_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 100_o pound_n the_o quintal_n and_o be_v great_a than_o the_o large_a of_o the_o town_n beam_n by_o 8_o per_fw-la
dun_a fox-skin_n with_o many_o other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n which_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o timber_n weight_n or_o tale_n be_v high_o value_v of_o late_a by_o the_o native_n who_o perceive_v the_o desire_n merchant_n have_v for_o they_o learn_v thereby_o to_o set_v price_n on_o they_o according_o the_o merchant_n account_n be_v keep_v here_o divers_a way_n as_o those_o of_o england_n in_o rubles_n and_o pence_n call_v by_o the_o native_n muskofkin_n 200_o of_o which_o make_v a_o ruble_n which_o be_v rate_v at_o 2_o rix_n dollar_n the_o dutch_a by_o rubles_n grevens_n and_o muscofkin_n 20_o penny_n be_v account_v to_o the_o greven_n and_o 10_o greven_n to_o the_o ruble_n which_o be_v only_o a_o imaginary_a coyn._n the_o currant_n money_n be_v the_o capeck_a worth_n a_o stiver_n flemish_n and_o something_o more_o in_o value_n then_o a_o english_a penny_n 10_o of_o which_o make_v a_o greven_n whiâ—h_n be_v worth_a 12_o penny_n sterling_a and_o the_o ruble_n 10_o shilling_n sterling_a 3_o capeck_n be_v call_v a_o altine_n by_o which_o name_n all_o receipt_n of_o bargain_n and_o contract_n be_v make_v 33_o altines_n and_o one_o capeck_n make_v the_o ruble_n at_o archangel_n there_o be_v exchange_v practise_v and_o the_o price_n of_o money_n russ_n as_o the_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n will_v allow_v for_o sometime_o the_o rubles_n in_o exchange_n pass_v for_o 11_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n sterling_a the_o receipt_n be_v in_o august_n to_o return_v in_o london_n about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o december_n the_o weight_n most_o in_o use_n be_v the_o pood_n by_o which_o all_o fine_a good_n be_v weigh_v as_o silk_n beavor_n wool_n and_o the_o like_a but_o for_o gross_a good_n they_o have_v a_o weight_n call_v a_o berzovet_v account_v 10_o pood_n or_o the_o russ_n ship-pound_n compute_v to_o be_v 360_o pound_n averdupois_n so_o that_o all_o good_n buy_v by_o this_o weight_n be_v account_v to_o be_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n profit_n so_o that_o many_o have_v reckon_v the_o good_n so_o buy_v to_o pay_v the_o freight_v with_o over_o weight_n and_o all_o good_n buy_v by_o the_o pood_n be_v reckon_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n less_o the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v call_v the_o archin_v and_o be_v account_v 28_o english_a inch_n so_o that_o the_o 100_o arching_n be_v suppose_v to_o produce_v incirca_fw-la 78_o yard_n of_o london_n measure_n oil_n they_o sell_v by_o the_o barrel_n each_o barrel_n be_v account_v ½_o a_o hogshead_n and_o tar_n by_o the_o hogshead_n as_o for_o concave_a measure_n i_o observe_v they_o be_v but_o rare_o in_o use_n by_o way_n of_o trade_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o small_a quantity_n of_o commodity_n the_o empire_n afford_v that_o be_v proper_a to_o be_v measure_v thereby_o therefore_o i_o shall_v put_v a_o conclusion_n to_o the_o trade_n of_o moscovy_n and_o proceed_v to_o a_o view_n of_o poland_n chap._n lxxxix_o a_o view_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n together_o with_o the_o trade_n weight_n measure_n and_o currant_n coin_n thereof_o poland_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o boristhenes_n on_o the_o west_n with_o vistula_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o baltic_a ocean_n and_o sinus_n trinicus_fw-la and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o hungary_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o 10_o province_n viz._n luconia_n lituania_n volinia_n samogita_fw-la podolia_fw-la russia_n nigra_n prussia_n podtasia_n masovia_n and_o poland_n these_o province_n be_v branch_v with_o several_a navigable_a river_n vistula_n reuben_n bog_n mimel_n and_o other_o and_o have_v for_o its_o metropolis_n cracovia_n into_o which_o i_o shall_v reduce_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o kingdom_n cracovia_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o poland_n situate_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n vistula_n which_o be_v navigable_a for_o near_a 400_o mile_n be_v as_o it_o be_v encompass_v with_o distant_a mountain_n and_o fortify_v with_o strong_a wall_n and_o fair_a building_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o be_v find_v to_o produce_v the_o commodity_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o tar_n rosin_n pitch_n hemp_n wax_n honey_n barley_n oat_n amber_n tallow_n and_o hide_v which_o commodity_n be_v send_v up_o the_o river_n and_o distribute_v to_o such_o merchant_n as_o come_v to_o trade_n for_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n there_o be_v likewise_o find_v fur_n of_o divers_a sort_n some_o mineral_n and_o the_o like_a for_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n receive_v the_o commodity_n of_o divers_a nation_n which_o be_v bring_v both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n the_o coin_n of_o this_o city_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v the_o ducat_n of_o gold_n call_v the_o polander_n which_o be_v account_v 70_o polish_v gross_n the_o silver_n guilden_a which_o be_v worth_a 30_o polish_v groshe_fw-mi or_o 2_o shilling_n sterling_a a_o dollar_n in_o specie_fw-la be_v worth_a 4_o polish_v grosh_n but_o in_o all_o contract_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v the_o doller_n be_v account_v 36_o groshe_fw-mi a_o crietszar_n be_v worth_a 3_o pot-chanel_n 18_o denier_n make_v one_o groshe_fw-mi a_o groshe_fw-mi of_o poland_n or_o bohemia_n be_v worth_a 7_o whites_n 16_o whites_n make_v one_o ort_n 4_o 0rt_n make_v a_o dollar_n and_o a_o dollar_n be_v account_v 4_o shilling_n 4_o penny_n the_o weight_n be_v the_o pound_n 136_o of_o which_o be_v account_v the_o quintar_n which_o be_v find_v in_o london_n to_o render_v 114_o pound_n and_o the_o 100_o of_o london_n yield_v 120_o of_o cracovia_n but_o the_o common_a pound_n be_v reduce_v to_o a_o stone_n of_o 40_o pound_n 10_o of_o the_o say_a stone_n be_v account_v the_o skip-pound_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n 20_o of_o which_o be_v 10_o english_a ell_n but_o their_o linen_n they_o sell_v by_o the_o shock_n the_o shock_n be_v 57_o ½_o english_a ells._n and_o to_o this_o city_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o add_v elbin_n once_o a_o scale_n of_o merchandise_n where_o the_o english_a merchant_n have_v a_o factory_a be_v here_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o merchant_n of_o elbin_n but_o since_o this_o city_n have_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n it_o have_v lose_v the_o great_a trade_n it_o have_v upon_o the_o abridgement_n of_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n it_o enjoy_v during_o its_o be_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o teutonick_n knight_n so_o that_o now_o it_o only_o be_v famous_a for_o what_o it_o have_v be_v and_o not_o for_o what_o it_o at_o present_a remain_v the_o trade_n be_v disperse_v into_o several_a eastland_n city_n or_o hans_n town_n but_o from_o danzick_n especial_o be_v bring_v soap-ash_n the_o weight_n be_v the_o pound_n and_o stone_n 40_o pound_n make_v the_o stone_n and_o 40_o of_o those_o stone_n make_v the_o ship-pound_n which_o be_v 400_o pound_n and_o 100_o pound_n of_o london_n be_v find_v to_o make_v 120_o of_o elbin_n their_o last_o of_o wheat_n be_v reckon_v to_o weigh_v 5200_o pound_n their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n 163_o of_o which_o make_v 100_o london_n yard_n in_o this_o tract_n be_v find_v coninsberg_n rhiga_n stetin_n stralesond_n and_o revel_v from_o the_o former_a of_o which_o the_o amber_n be_v bring_v as_o for_o the_o rest_n they_o little_o differ_v in_o commodity_n and_o manner_n of_o trade_n from_o cracovia_n wherefore_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o shall_v pass_v they_o over_o and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o hungary_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o etc._n etc._n chap._n xc_o a_o view_n of_o hungary_n and_o the_o adjacent_a province_n and_o of_o their_o trade_n weight_n measure_n coin_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n and_o manufacture_n the_o kingdom_n of_o hungary_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o transilvania_n and_o valachia_n on_o the_o west_n with_o austria_n on_o the_o south_n with_o sclavonia_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o poland_n and_o be_v of_o itself_o exceed_v fertile_a abound_v in_o cattle_n beyond_o credit_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o continual_a war_n with_o the_o turk_n it_o stand_v as_o the_o bulwark_n of_o christendom_n no_o great_a matter_n of_o trade_n relate_v to_o merchandise_n be_v find_v there_o the_o little_a that_o it_o consist_v in_o be_v hide_n tallow_n wax_n honey_n copper_n tinn_n corn_n wool_n fruit_n fish_n skin_n and_o some_o silver_n mine_n which_o since_o the_o civil_a disenssion_n cause_v by_o the_o continual_a bandy_n of_o the_o two_o party_n under_o pretence_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o encouragement_n of_o those_o intestine_n broil_n by_o the_o grand-signeour_n have_v be_v throw_v in_o many_o of_o they_o and_o thereby_o render_v useless_a buda_n and_o many_o of_o the_o principal_a city_n be_v now_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o turk_n and_o be_v so_o seat_v upon_o the_o river_n danube_n that_o it_o hinder_v the_o free_a commerce_n by_o boat_n and_o great_a vessel_n that_o be_v former_o
give_v their_o attendance_n by_o way_n of_o prevention_n not_o out_o of_o duty_n or_o right_n and_o be_v not_o account_v lawful_a place_n to_o land_n or_o lade_n any_o good_n without_o licence_n or_o sufference_n from_o the_o port_n or_o member_n under_o which_o any_o such_o creek_n or_o creek_n be_v place_v all_o which_o as_o they_o be_v at_o present_a account_v at_o the_o customhouse_n be_v as_o aforesaid_a be_v respective_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o county_n and_o consequent_o out_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n in_o case_n any_o thing_n more_o than_o ordinary_a be_v do_v or_o sustain_v in_o any_o of_o they_o and_o now_o i_o shall_v only_o inform_v the_o reader_n that_o commodity_n of_o english_a growth_n and_o manufacture_n may_v be_v export_v when_o sell_v in_o england_n at_o certain_a rate_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 12_o of_o car._n 2._o and_o so_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o work_n gunpowder_n when_o it_o exceed_v not_o the_o price_n of_o five_o pound_n per_fw-la barrel_n may_v be_v export_v wheat_n rye_n pease_n bean_n barley_n malt_n oat_n pork_n beef_n bacon_n butter_n cheese_n and_o candle_n when_o they_o do_v not_o exceed_v the_o prize_n follow_v at_o the_o port_n where_o they_o be_v jade_v at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o lade_n viz._n wheat_n the_o quarter_n forty_o shilling_n rye_n bean_n and_o pease_n the_o quarter_n twenty_o four_o shilling_n barley_n and_o malt_n the_o quarter_n twenty_o shilling_n oat_n the_o quarter_n sixteen_o shilling_n beef_n the_o barrel_n fifty_o pound_n pork_n the_o barrel_n six_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n bacon_n the_o pound_n six_o penny_n butter_n the_o barrel_n four_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n cheese_n the_o pound_n thirty_o shilling_n candle_n the_o dozen_o pound_n five_o shilling_n pay_v the_o respective_a rate_n according_a as_o they_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n always_o provide_v that_o his_o majesty_n may_v when_o he_o see_v occasion_n prohibit_v the_o exportation_n of_o gunpowder_n and_o other_o ammunition_n and_o thus_o reader_n have_v i_o with_o much_o labour_n sail_v through_o many_o tempestuous_a sea_n once_o again_o cast_v anchor_n in_o safe_a harbour_n hope_v this_o work_n may_v be_v advantageous_a unto_o many_o and_o useful_a unto_o all_o who_o be_v any_o way_n concern_v in_o trade_n or_o commerce_n whether_o by_o navigation_n or_o otherwise_o the_o which_o if_o it_o do_v i_o have_v obtain_v the_o end_n of_o my_o design_n finis_fw-la england_n guide_n to_o industry_n or_o improvement_n of_o trade_n for_o the_o good_a of_o all_o people_n in_o general_n london_n print_v by_o r._n holt_n for_o t._n passenger_n at_o the_o three_o bibles_n on_o london-bridge_n and_o b._n take_v at_o the_o ship_n in_o st._n pauls-church-yard_n 1683._o the_o preface_n forasmuch_o as_o man_n who_o be_v in_o a_o decay_a condition_n or_o who_o have_v but_o a_o ill_a opinion_n of_o their_o own_o concernment_n instead_o of_o be_v as_o some_o think_v the_o more_o industrious_a to_o resist_v the_o evil_n they_o apprehend_v do_v contrariwise_o become_v the_o more_o languid_a and_o ineffectual_a to_o all_o in_o all_o their_o endeavoure_v neither_o care_v to_o attempt_v or_o prosecute_v even_o the_o probable_a mean_n of_o their_o relief_n i_o as_o a_o member_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n next_o to_o the_o know_v the_o precise_a truth_n in_o what_o condition_n the_o common_a interest_n stand_v will_v all_o in_o doubtful_a case_n thinkthe_v best_a and_o consequent_o not_o despair_v without_o strong_a and_o manifest_a reason_n careful_o examine_v what_o ever_o tend_v to_o lessen_v my_o hope_n of_o the_o public_a wellfair_n i_o have_v therefore_o think_v fit_a to_o examine_v the_o follow_a persuasion_n which_o i_o find_v too_o currant_n in_o the_o world_n and_o too_o much_o to_o have_v affect_v the_o mind_n of_o some_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o all_o viz._n that_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n be_v general_o fall_v that_o therefore_o and_o for_o many_o other_o reason_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n grow_v poor_a and_o poor_a that_o former_o it_o abound_v with_o gold_n but_o now_o there_o be_v a_o great_a scarcity_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n that_o there_o be_v no_o trade_n nor_o employment_n for_o the_o people_n and_o yet_o that_o the_o land_n be_v underpeople_v that_o tax_n have_v be_v many_o and_o great_a that_o ireland_n and_o the_o plantation_n in_o america_n and_o other_o addition_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v a_o burden_n to_o england_n that_o scotland_n be_v of_o no_o advantage_n that_o trade_n in_o general_n do_v lamentable_o decay_v that_o the_o hollander_n be_v at_o our_o heel_n in_o the_o race_n of_o naval_a power_n the_o french_a grow_v too_o fat_a upon_o both_o and_o appear_v so_o rich_a and_o potent_a that_o it_o be_v but_o their_o clemency_n that_o they_o do_v not_o devour_v their_o neighbour_n and_o final_o that_o the_o church_n and_o state_n of_o england_n be_v in_o the_o same_o danger_n with_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n with_o many_o other_o dismal_a suggestion_n which_o i_o do_v rather_o stifle_v then_o repeat_v it_o be_v true_a the_o expense_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n have_v of_o late_o be_v too_o great_a much_o of_o our_o plate_n have_v it_o remain_v money_n will_v have_v better_o serve_v trade_n too_o many_o matter_n have_v be_v regulate_v by_o law_n with_o nature_n long_a custom_n and_o general_a consent_n ought_v only_o to_o have_v govern_v the_o slaughter_n and_o destruction_n of_o man_n by_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n and_o plague_n have_v be_v great_a the_o fire_n of_o london_n and_o disaster_n at_o chattham_n have_v beget_v opinion_n in_o the_o vulgar_a of_o the_o world_n to_o our_o prejudice_n the_o nonconformist_n increase_n the_o people_n of_o ireland_n think_v long_o of_o their_o settlement_n the_o english_a there_o apprehend_v themselves_o to_o be_v alien_n and_o be_v force_v to_o seek_v a_o trade_n with_o foreigner_n which_o they_o may_v maintain_v with_o their_o own_o relation_n in_o england_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o the_o like_a whereof_o be_v always_o in_o all_o place_n the_o building_n in_o london_n grow_v great_a and_o glorious_a the_o american_n plantation_n employ_v 400_o sail_n of_o ship_n auction_n in_o the_o east-india_n company_n be_v above_o double_a the_o principal_a money_n those_o who_o can_v give_v good_a security_n may_v have_v money_n under_o the_o statute_n interest_n material_n for_o building_n oven_n oaken_a timber_n be_v little_a the_o dear_a some_o cheap_a for_o the_o rebuild_n of_o london_n the_o exchange_n seem_v as_o full_a of_o merchant_n as_o former_o no_o more_o beggar_n in_o the_o street_n nor_o execute_v for_o thief_n as_o heretofore_o the_o number_n of_o coach_n and_o splendour_n of_o equipage_n exceed_v former_a time_n the_o public_a theatre_n very_o magnificent_a the_o king_n have_v a_o great_a navy_n and_o strong_a guard_n then_o before_o our_o calamity_n the_o clergy_n rich_a the_o cathedrâ—ls_n in_o repair_n much_o land_n have_v be_v improve_v and_o the_o price_n of_o food_n reasonable_a and_o in_o brief_a no_o man_n needs_o to_o want_v that_o will_v take_v moderate_a pain_n that_o some_o be_v poor_a than_o other_o ever_o be_v and_o will_v be_v and_o that_o many_o be_v querulous_a and_o envious_a be_v a_o evil_a as_o old_a as_o the_o world_n these_o general_a observation_n and_o that_o man_n eat_v and_o drink_v and_o laugh_v as_o they_o use_v to_o do_v have_v encourage_v i_o to_o try_v if_o i_o can_v comfort_v other_o be_v satisfy_v myself_o that_o the_o interest_n and_o affair_n in_o england_n be_v in_o no_o deplorable_a condition_n the_o method_n i_o take_v to_o do_v this_o be_v not_o yet_o very_o usual_a for_o instead_o of_o use_v only_o comparative_a and_o superlative_a word_n and_o intellectual_a argument_n i_o have_v take_v the_o course_n as_o a_o specimen_fw-la of_o the_o political_a arithmetic_n i_o have_v long_o aim_v at_o to_o express_v myself_o in_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n a_o discourse_n of_o trade_n be_v a_o comparison_n between_o england_n and_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n wherein_o the_o encouragement_n of_o industry_n be_v promote_v in_o these_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o ireland_n chap._n i._o that_o a_o small_a country_n and_o few_o people_n by_o situation_n trade_n and_o policy_n may_v be_v equivalent_a in_o wealth_n and_o strength_n to_o a_o far_o great_a people_n and_o territory_n and_o particular_o that_o conveniency_n for_o ship_n and_o water-carriage_n do_v most_o eminent_o and_o fundamental_o conduce_v thereto_o the_o first_o principal_a conclusion_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o length_n i_o consider_v in_o three_o part_n whereof_o the_o first_o that_o a_o small_a country_n and_o few_o people_n may_v be_v equivalent_a in_o wealth_n and_o strength_n to_o a_o far_o great_a people_n and_o territory_n this_o part_n of_o the_o first_o principal_a conclusion_n need_v little_a proof_n forasmuch_o
from_o foreign_a part_n where_o the_o state_n of_o husbandry_n be_v not_o change_v and_o thus_o i_o have_v do_v with_o the_o first_o principal_a conclusion_n that_o a_o small_a territory_n and_o even_o a_o few_o people_n may_v by_o situation_n trade_n and_o policy_n be_v make_v equivalent_a to_o a_o far_o great_a and_o that_o convenience_n for_o ship_n and_o water-carriage_n do_v most_o eminent_o and_o fundamental_o conduce_v thereunto_o chap._n ii_o that_o some_o kind_n of_o tax_n and_o public_a levy_n may_v rather_o increase_v then_o diminish_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n if_o the_o money_n or_o other_o effect_n levy_v from_o the_o people_n by_o way_n of_o tax_n be_v destroy_v and_o annihilate_v then_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o such_o levy_n will_v diminish_v the_o commonwealth_n or_o if_o the_o same_o be_v export_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o any_o return_n at_o all_o than_o the_o case_n will_v be_v also_o the_o same_o but_o if_o what_o be_v levy_v as_o aforesaid_a be_v only_o transfer_v from_o one_o hand_n to_o another_o than_o we_o be_v only_o to_o consider_v whether_o the_o say_a money_n or_o commodity_n be_v take_v from_o a_o improve_n hand_n and_o give_v to_o a_o ill_a husband_n or_o vice_fw-la versa_fw-la as_o for_o example_n suppose_v money_n by_o way_n of_o tax_n be_v take_v from_o one_o who_o spend_v in_o superfluous_a eat_v and_o drink_v and_o deliver_v to_o another_o who_o employ_v the_o same_o in_o improve_n of_o land_n in_o fish_v in_o work_v of_o mine_n and_o manufacture_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o such_o tax_n be_v a_o advantage_n to_o the_o state_n whereof_o the_o say_v different_a person_n be_v member_n nay_o if_o money_n be_v take_v from_o he_o who_o spend_v the_o same_o as_o aforesaid_a upon_o eat_v and_o drink_v or_o any_o other_o perish_v commodity_n and_o transfer_v to_o one_o who_o bestow_v it_o on_o clothes_n i_o say_v that_o even_o in_o this_o case_n the_o commonwealth_n have_v some_o little_a advantage_n because_o clothes_n do_v not_o perish_v altogether_o so_o soon_o as_o drink_n but_o if_o spend_v in_o furniture_n of_o house_n the_o advantage_n be_v yet_o little_o more_o if_o in_o building_n of_o house_n yet_o more_o if_o in_o improve_n of_o land_n work_v of_o mine_n and_o fish_n yet_o more_o but_o most_o of_o all_o in_o bring_v gold_n and_o silver_n into_o the_o country_n because_o those_o thing_n be_v not_o only_o perishable_a but_o be_v esteemable_a for_o wealth_n at_o all_o time_n and_o every_o where_o whereas_o other_o commodity_n which_o be_v perishable_a or_o who_o value_n depend_v upon_o the_o fashion_n or_o which_o be_v contingent_o scarce_o and_o plentiful_a be_v wealth_n pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la as_o have_v be_v elsewhere_o say_v in_o the_o next_o place_n if_o the_o people_n of_o any_o country_n who_o have_v not_o already_o a_o full_a employment_n shall_v be_v enjoin_v or_o tax_v to_o work_v upon_o such_o commodity_n as_o be_v import_v from_o abroad_o i_o say_v such_o a_o tax_n do_v also_o improve_v the_o commonwealth_n moreover_o if_o person_n who_o live_v by_o beg_v cheat_a steal_v game_n borrow_v without_o intention_n of_o restore_a who_o by_o these_o way_n do_v get_v from_o the_o credulous_a and_o careless_a more_o than_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o subsistance_n of_o such_o person_n i_o say_v that_o though_o the_o state_n shall_v have_v no_o present_a employment_n for_o such_o person_n and_o consequent_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o clear_v the_o whole_a charge_n of_o their_o livelihood_n yet_o it_o be_v more_o for_o the_o public_a profit_n to_o give_v all_o such_o person_n a_o regular_a and_o competent_a allowance_n by_o a_o public_a tax_n then_o to_o suffer_v they_o to_o spend_v extravagant_o at_o the_o only_a charge_n of_o careless_a and_o credulous_a and_o good_a nature_a people_n and_o to_o expose_v the_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o many_o other_o man_n who_o life_n be_v take_v away_o for_o the_o crime_n which_o ill_a discipline_n do_v occasion_n on_o the_o contrary_a if_o the_o stock_n of_o laborious_a and_o ingenious_a man_n who_o be_v not_o only_o beautify_v the_o country_n where_o they_o live_v by_o elegant_a diet_n apparel_n furniture_n house_n pleasant_a garden_n and_o orchard_n and_o public_a edifice_n etc._n etc._n but_o also_o be_v increase_v the_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o jewel_n thereof_o by_o trade_n and_o arm_n i_o say_v if_o the_o stock_n of_o these_o man_n shall_v be_v diminish_v by_o a_o tax_n and_o transfer_v to_o such_o as_o do_v nothing_o at_o all_o but_o to_o eat_v drink_v sing_v play_n dance_z nay_o to_o such_o as_o study_v the_o metaphysic_n or_o other_o needless_a speculation_n or_o else_o employ_v themselves_o in_o any_o other_o way_n which_o produce_v no_o material_a thing_n or_o thing_n of_o real_a use_n and_o value_n in_o the_o common_a wealth_n in_o this_o case_n the_o wealth_n of_o the_o public_a will_v be_v diminish_v otherwise_o then_o as_o such_o exercise_n be_v recreation_n and_o refreshment_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o which_o be_v moderate_o use_v do_v qualify_v and_o dispose_v man_n to_o what_o in_o itself_o be_v more_o considerable_a wherefore_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n to_o know_v whether_o a_o tax_n will_v do_v good_a or_o harm_n the_o state_n of_o the_o people_n and_o of_o their_o employment_n must_v be_v well_o know_v that_o be_v to_o say_v what_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v unfit_a for_o labour_n by_o their_o impotency_n and_o infancy_n and_o also_o what_o part_n be_v exempt_a from_o the_o same_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o wealth_n function_n or_o dignity_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o charge_n and_o employment_n otherwise_o govern_v direct_v and_o prefer_v those_o who_o be_v appoint_v to_o labour_n and_o arts._n in_o the_o next_o place_n computation_n must_v be_v make_v what_o part_n of_o those_o who_o be_v fit_a for_o labour_n and_o art_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v able_a to_o perform_v the_o work_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o its_o present_a state_n and_o measure_n 3._o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o the_o remainder_n can_v make_v all_o or_o any_o part_n of_o these_o commodity_n which_o be_v import_v from_o abroad_o which_o of_o they_o and_o how_o much_o in_o particular_a the_o remainder_n of_o such_o sort_n of_o people_n if_o any_o be_v may_v safe_o and_o without_o possible_a prejudice_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v employ_v in_o art_n and_o exercise_n of_o pleasure_n and_o ornament_n the_o great_a whereof_o be_v the_o improvement_n of_o natural_a knowledge_n have_v in_o general_a illustrate_v this_o point_n which_o i_o think_v needs_o no_o other_o proof_n but_o illustration_n i_o come_v next_o to_o intimate_v that_o no_o part_n of_o europe_n have_v pay_v so_o much_o by_o way_n of_o tax_n as_o holland_n and_o zealand_n for_o these_o last_o forty_o year_n and_o yet_o no_o country_n have_v in_o the_o same_o time_n increase_v comparable_o to_o they_o and_o it_o be_v manifest_a they_o have_v follow_v the_o general_a rate_n abovementioned_a for_o they_o tax_v meat_n and_o drink_n most_o heavy_o of_o all_o to_o restrain_v the_o excessive_a expense_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o twenty_o four_o hour_n do_v as_o to_o the_o use_n of_o man_n whole_o annihilate_v and_o they_o be_v more_o favourable_a to_o commodity_n to_o the_o great_a duration_n nor_o do_v they_o tax_v according_a to_o what_o man_n gain_v but_o in_o extraordinary_a case_n but_o always_o according_a to_o what_o man_n spend_v and_o most_o of_o all_o to_o what_o they_o spend_v needless_o and_o without_o prospect_n of_o return_n upon_o which_o ground_n their_o custom_n upon_o good_n import_v and_o export_v be_v general_o low_a as_o if_o they_o intend_v by_o they_o only_o to_o keep_v a_o account_n of_o what_o foreign_a trade_n and_o to_o retaliate_v upon_o their_o neighbour_n state_n the_o prejudices_fw-la do_v they_o by_o their_o prohibition_n and_o imposition_n it_o be_v far_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o since_o thâ—_n year_n 1636_o the_o tax_n and_o public_a levy_n make_v in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n have_v be_v prodigious_o great_a than_o at_o any_o time_n heretofore_o and_o yet_o the_o say_a kingdom_n have_v increase_v in_o their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n for_o these_o last_o forty_o year_n as_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v show_v it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o french_a king_n do_v at_o present_a levy_v the_o five_o part_n of_o his_o people_n wealth_n and_o yet_o great_a obstruction_n be_v make_v of_o the_o present_a riches_n and_o strength_n of_o that_o kingdom_n although_o great_a care_n must_v be_v have_v in_o distinguish_v between_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o people_n and_o that_o of_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n who_o take_v from_o the_o people_n where_o when_o and_o in_o what_o proportion_n he_o please_v the_o subject_n of_o two_o monarch_n may_v be_v equal_o rich_a and_o yet_o one_o
so_o to_o increase_v the_o magnitude_n of_o trade_n and_o consequent_o to_o increase_v stock_n which_o may_v effectual_o be_v do_v by_o in-banking_a twenty_o mil._n worth_n of_o land_n not_o be_v above_o a_o six_o or_o seven_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a territory_n of_o england_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o make_v a_o bond_n of_o such_o value_n to_o the_o security_n for_o all_o commodity_n buy_v and_o sell_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o that_o universal_a trade_n above_o mention_v and_o thus_o it_o have_v appear_v that_o england_n have_v in_o it_o as_o much_o land_n like_o holland_n and_o zealand_n as_o the_o say_v two_o province_n do_v themselves_o contain_v with_o abundance_n of_o other_o land_n not_o inconvenient_a for_o trade_n and_o that_o there_o be_v spare_a hand_n enough_o to_o earn_v many_o million_o of_o money_n more_o than_o they_o now_o do_v and_o that_o there_o be_v also_o employment_n to_o earn_v several_a million_o even_o from_o the_o consumption_n of_o england_n itself_o it_o follow_v from_o thence_o and_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o last_o paragraph_n about_o enlarge_n of_o the_o stock_n both_o of_o monies_n and_o land_n that_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a may_v â—very_n visible_a matter_n for_o the_o keep_n of_o england_n subject_n to_o gain_v the_o universal_a trade_n of_o the_o whole_a commercial_n world_n nor_o be_v it_o unseasonable_a to_o imitate_v this_o matter_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o young_a brother_n of_o good_a family_n of_o england_n can_v otherwise_o be_v provide_v for_o so_o as_o to_o live_v according_a to_o their_o birth_n and_o breed_n for_o if_o the_o land_n of_o england_n be_v worth_a eight_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la then_o there_o be_v at_o a_o medium_fw-la about_o ten_o million_o family_n of_o about_o eight_o hundred_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o each_o of_o which_o one_o with_o another_o we_o may_v suppose_v there_o be_v a_o young_a brother_n who_o in_o less_o than_o two_o or_o three_o hundred_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la will_v not_o maintain_v suitable_a to_o his_o relation_n now_o i_o say_v that_o if_o neither_o the_o office_n at_o court_n nor_o command_v in_o our_o ordinary_a army_n and_o navy_n nor_o church-preferment_n nor_o the_o usual_a gain_n by_o the_o profession_n of_o law_n and_o physic_n nor_o the_o employment_n under_o nobleman_n and_o prelate_n will_v all_o of_o they_o put_v together_o furnish_v livelihood_n of_o above_o three_o hundred_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o three_o thousand_o of_o the_o say_v one_o thousand_o young_a brother_n wherefore_o it_o remain_v that_o trade_n alone_o must_v supply_v the_o rest_n but_o if_o the_o say_v seven_o thousand_o gentleman_n be_v apply_v to_o trade_n without_o increase_v of_o trade_n or_o if_o the_o hope_n to_o increase_v trade_n without_o increase_v of_o stock_n which_o for_o aught_o appear_v be_v only_a to_o be_v do_v by_o in-banking_a a_o due_a proportion_n of_o land_n and_o money_n we_o must_v necessary_o be_v disappoint_v where_o note_v that_o sell_n of_o land_n to_o foreigner_n for_o gold_n and_o silver_n will_v enlarge_v the_o stock_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whereas_o do_v the_o same_o between_o one_o and_o other_o do_v effect_v nothing_o for_o he_o that_o turn_v all_o his_o land_n into_o money_n dispose_v himself_o for_o trade_n and_o he_o that_o part_n with_o his_o money_n for_o land_n do_v the_o contrary_a but_o to_o sell_v land_n to_o foreigner_n increase_v both_o money_n and_o people_n and_o consequent_o trade_n wherefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v think_v that_o when_o the_o law_n deny_v stranger_n to_o purchase_v and_o not_o permit_v they_o to_o trade_n without_o pay_v extraordinary_a duty_n be_v make_v that_o then_o the_o public_a state_n of_o thing_n and_o interest_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v far_o different_a from_o what_o they_o now_o be_v have_v handle_v these_o ten_o principal_a conclusion_n i_o may_v go_v on_o with_o other_o ad_fw-la infinitum_fw-la but_o what_o have_v be_v say_v already_o i_o look_v upon_o as_o sufficient_a to_o show_v what_o i_o mean_v by_o political_a arithmetic_n and_o to_o evince_v the_o use_n of_o knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a state_n of_o the_o people_n land_n stock_n trade_n etc._n etc._n second_o that_o the_o king_n subject_n be_v not_o in_o so_o bad_a a_o condition_n as_o discontent_a man_n will_v make_v they_o three_o to_o demonstrate_v the_o great_a effect_n of_o unity_n industry_n and_o obedience_n in_o order_n to_o the_o common_a safety_n and_o each_o man_n particular_a happiness_n other_o than_o which_o i_o have_v now_o finis_fw-la