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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A18104	The originall of popish idolatrie, or The birth of heresies Published under the name of Causabon [sic], and called-in the same yeare, upon misinformation. But now upon better consideration reprinted with alowance. Being a true and exacte description of such sacred signes, sacrifices and sacraments as have bene instituted and ordained of God since Adam. With a newe source and anatomie of the Masse, first gathered out of sundrie Greeke and Latine authors, as also out of diuerse learned fathers. Published by S.O.; Originall of idolatries.	Darcie, Abraham, fl. 1625.; Ofwod, Stephen.; Casaubon, Isaac, 1559-1614.	1630 (1630)	STC 4748; ESTC S107605	102,805	138

that wicked Phocas who for recompence of this abominable Murther committed by the notice intelligence of their Church of Rome alwayes cōtrary to Iesus Christ caused Boniface the third of that name In the yeare 612 to be declar'd head Generall of the Church of God usurping the Authority of the great eternall Sacrificing high Priest the onely Spouse and head of his Church Iesus Christ Who could better resemble Antichrist then he that assumes a Tyrannie in the Church of God a Poligamie in the Church the Spouse of Iesus Christ ascribing to himselfe that power Matth. 26. which Iesus Christ reserv'd for himselfe to reside perpetually with his Church by the power vertue of the holy Ghost for the conduct government of the same May not he rightly be term'd Antichrist that labours directly to oppose the holy Gospell of Iesus Christ Matth. 23. Luc. 11. Marc. 2 who forbad his Apostles when hee sent thē to Preach the Word that they should not cōstitute a Monarchie in the Church as the Princes Kings Tyrants of the earth are wont to doe That none of them should presume to bee called head or greater then the rest but that they should all be humbled as brethren being assured that they had one onely Head one heavenly Father who would dwell and continue with them for ever to conduct inspire them in his holy will Is not he truly an Antichrist that will terme himselfe to be Iesus Christs successour to the chiefe Pontificacie to the soveraignty of Priesthood by him administred which dignity he reserv'd only to himselfe he remaining eternall high Priest for ever Who left no successour in his dignity as Aaron and his successours did to the dignity of the Iewes high Priesthood but according to the order of Melchisedeck King high Priest without any successour in his dignity Wherefore O you Romane Antichrists why have you assum'd the dignity of high Priests as Heads and Soveraignes of the Church of God and usurpe the authority of Iesus Christ causing your selves to be intituled most happy and most reverend Fathers and Popes having founded a Colledge of petty purple Pontifes to elect a great Pontife or high Priest but to the end to renew the auncient Ethnick Romane Religion of Numa Pompilius the first founder and erecter of your Pontificall dignities About the same that this cruell murtherer Phocas set up Antichrist in the Romane Church The cause of Mahomets originall Mahomet rose up in the Church of Arabia instructed by Sergius a Monke about the yeare 620. For this Apostaticall Heritick perceiving the whole Law of God to be corrupted by humane traditions and the holy Gospell contemn'd also the Sects and divers heresies planted as well by the Iewish Pharisies Esseans Saduces Masbuthians Galileans Hemerobaptists and Samaritanes as also by Christians the Symoniackes Nicolaitans Cerinthians Menandrians and Ebionites the Valentinians Cerdonians Marcionists Montanists Cataphrigians Tatians Eucratites Severians Artemonists Looke the Ecclesiasticall History Porphirians Helchesaites Novatians Sabellians Chiliasts Paulianists Manechees Antomousiastes Arrians Eunomians Macedonians Eunomiotheophroniens Eunomeoeutichians Aetians Donatists Luciferians Patripassians or Theopachites Hereticks in the Church Photinians Marcellians Paulosomosetans Apolinarists Iovianists Pelagians Platirians Anthropomorphites Nestorians Sabbatians Acephalians Acarians Olympians Quaternians Monothelites and other Hereticks having corrupted the true use of the Sacraments ordained of God And seeing also that the Sect of the Messalians especially prospered in their ceremonies taken partly out of the Iewish Law and partly from the Panyme Idolatries hee invented the high decrees of the Alcoran wherein hee employed many Chapters and Articles called Azoares which are like Canons Rules of the Mahumetan Religion This briefe and compendious discourse of the Romane History I thought requisite to recite before I began to describe the originall of the sacrifice of the Masse that thereby I might induce the Reader to understand the truth of the matter how the Romane Empire was govern'd till the declination of the same which was about the yeare of Christ 410. how the barbarous Idolaters usurpt it since for the space of 300. yeares as also the Antichrists have beene rais'd which still enjoy it at this day and have done for some five hundred yeares past CHAP. XII Of the Masse in particular with her true Originall FOr beginning to this our briefe Missall Treatise Originall of the Masse with exposition of the word Dan. 11. we must first expresse this terme of Masse called by the ancient Ronanes Missa Some have preferr'd this Missall Sacrifice to take originall from the Hebrewes alleadging that place of Daniell when he speakes of Maozin as if by Maozin they would signifie the Masse But this word in sence stands farre from the Missa or Masse and there are some Hebrew words which come farre nearer to it as Messa which by interpretation is Conculcation 4. Kings 11. of which word mention is made in the Historie of the Kings of Israell There is also an other Hebrew word very conformable to the vulgar terme of Messel Messa which is Missal that is hell or the grave But I suppose the great Romane Pontifes would not derive the originall of the Sacrifice of their Masse from the Hebrewes because then they must acknowledge the Masse or their Missell Messell Hell to be a Conculcation or extortion an hell or a grave And to speake but truth the Author of the Romane Religion Numa Pompilius never thought of the Hebrewes when he first instituted the Masse neither can this word Missa or Messe take originall from the Greekes Because there is no sacrifice of this name or title though some have brought in a colourable reason from this Greeke word Myzein which is to say in French to hide or keepe in secret as if the Messalian Sacrificers received frō the auncient idolatrous Greekes to mumble secretly the principall words of their Masses that the Auditors might not heare thē but they used to murmur whisper betwixt the teeth the Canons some speciall words which neither themselves nor they that looke on understand Neverthelesse neither the Hebrew nor Greeke words cannot properly be applyed to the Missall Sacrifice And therefore we must repaire to the true etimologie of the word Missa Masse drawne frō the ancient Latine Romanes or Messe drawne from the anciēt Latine Romanes who used these words Missus Missa Missilis Missio even as in French we have Messager Message Messives for letters sent Wherefore when the ancient Romane-Idolaters meant to dismisse the Assistants at the sacrifices celebrated they pronounced in the end these words I licet Missa est depart Amongst the Greeks the Priest having discharged his function spake aloud in this manner Laiois Aphesis as if he discharged the people Apui lib. 11. de Asin anr t is permitted so the Assembly was dismist to goe home But in time because this note signified a

Glasses of the Israelitish Women In this Laver or Holy-water Font was put this Water of Purification wherewith the Priests besprinkled themselves before they celebrated their sacrifices to the end they might be purified and obtaine grace and remission of sinnes After the death of the High Priest Aaron the Israelitish people ingratefull towards God for the benefit he sent them murmuring when they were wearie of the heavenly Manna which hee gave them bountifully for their sustentation they were punished with the stingings of venemous Serpents Brazen Serpent Numb 27. But God being mercifull gave them a sacred signe to bee preserved and restored to health that is to say the signe of the Brazen Serpent erected up on high which was a Figure of Iesus Christ crucified Iohn 3.7 This in briefe is the greatest part of the Signes Sacrifices and Sacraments instituted by God in the first Church of the Israelites being figures of the true and perfect sacrifice accomplished and immolated by Iesus Christ the true Messias the Eternall Priest who sits at the right hand of God his Father CHAP. III. Of Corruptions NOw wee must succinctly produce how Man by his owne fault falling into oblivion and disobedience against God his Creator Corruption began first in Adam abused herein divine favour and grace and corrupted the sacred signes sacrifices and Sacraments by him ordain'd and instituted For else what perswaded our first Father and his Wife Eve to hide themselves when they heard and were set in the way of God but that they had abused his sacred signes and violated the Law of those Fruits prohibited forbidden them This holy signe which our first Parents so alienated abused was the originall of other Vices and corruptions hereafter described whereinto men are falne having a rellish of the corrupt masse in Adam Omitting the particular corruptions of signes sacrifices Corruption of the sacrifices by Aaron Exod. 32. Deut. 9. Sacraments before the Law written by Moses we will begin in setting downe briefely the most notable errors committed by the greatest sacrificers Kings and Priests with others that had the government and charge of the people When Moses remained in Mount Sinai to receive the Commandements from God his brother Aaron the High Priest caused a golden Calfe to be framed of the earings delivered unto him by the people of Israel hee built an Altar offered Incense and celebrated sacrifice causing the cōmon people to adore this Image Was not this an abusing of the sacrifices ordained by God a corrupting of their true use procuring the same to be ado●'d which before was it selfe offered and immolated according as the custome was His sonnes also Corruption of sacrifices by Nadab Abihu Levit. 10. Numb 11. Nadab and Abihu were they not consum'd with fire because they adulterated the true use of sacrifices and tooke unconsecrated wood by corrupting the instituted Law The people of Israel ingratefull for the benefit received in being delivered from Pharaohs captivitie did they not murmure against the holy Sacrament of celestiall Manna when they contemned and despised this Bread of Life crying out for flesh to eate Achan the sonne of Charmes did not hee violate the Law of sacred signes when hee committed sacriledge by detaining the spoiles of Jericho which were vowed consecrated for sacrifices to God Iosh 7. If any man more curious Observe this desires to see the abuses and corruptions continued by the same people let him reade the Histories of the Iudges of Israel and he shall perceive Iud. 6.3.6.8.9 that in all ages men have never been content with the true adoration instituted by God but in stead of externall signes constituted by God to drawe the people to his feare and obedience they have forged and brought-in their owne inventions and in stead of reverencing the Altars Iud. 10. and the Arke of Covenant in the name of the onely one God which were externall sacred signes the Israelites misled by the Idolatries of their neighbours Iudg. the Syrians Sidonians Moabites Ammonites and Palestines erected Altars to strange gods to Baal Astaroth Jephta Iudge Inhumane sacrifice of Iephta Iudg. 11. and Conductor of the Israelites did not he corrupt the Law of sacrifices when he offered up his owne daughter excusing himselfe by a Vow he made which was not so enjoyned him by God The sacred signe ordain'd for the High Priest Sacrificer in celebrating of sacrifice Iudg. 8. called the Ephod serving for an externall ornament was it-not abused by Gideon Captaine of Israel when of the spoiles of the Madianites and their eare-rings hee forged an Ephod of gold by meanes whereof the people fell to great Idolatrie How long was this externall signe of the Ephod abused Idolatry by the golden Ephod when an Image was thereof erected in Siloe by the Mother of Michas so that Priests were expressely instituted to sacrifice thereunto and an Altar edified and thus was the true use of holy sacrifices corrupted While the Temple continued in Siloe into what depraved and adulterate Rites did the Priests and sacrificers fall who were appointed and ordained for the celebration and Ministerie of holy sacrifices and Sacraments when by long custome they usurped this priviledge over the people that when the sacrifice was solemnized and the flesh of the oblations was a boiling their sonne or servant having a trident or iron hooke in his hand he had the libertie to rake out of the pot or Cauldron whatsoeuet he could bring up with his hooke Moreover 1. Sam. 2. with more extreme Leviticall Tyrannie this servant of the Priests had the priviledge to demand of the Celebrater some flesh to roast for the Priest or else he might violently take whatsoever he listed Were not these wonderfull abuses and detestable corruptions practised by the sacrificers and High Priests under the pretext and colour of sacrifice What grosser corruption can be mentioned then that of the children of Eli the High Priest nam'd Ophni and Phinees who Ophni and Phinees corrupters of sacrifices 1. Sam. 2. under the colour of devotion committed infamous Whoredoms with the women that watcht neere to the holy Oraculous signe instituted by God For which sinne they were lamentably slaine and the Arke of Covenant violently taken away by the Philistims who erected it in the Temple of their Idol Dagon 1. Sam. 4. But God not permitting this sacred signe to be thus prophaned he caused the Image of Dagon to fall downe 1. Sam. 5.6 and sent grievous punishments upon the Philistims so as they were constrained to re-deliver up againe the Arke of Gods Covenant This sacred signe was so precious and estimable Arke of sacred Covenant that being but abused and prophaned by the Bethsamites that were not of the Order of the Levites fiftie thousand of the common people and seventy of the most apparant and remarkable amongst them were by divine revenge cut off by

sodaine death This example may make them tremble Against the corruption of sacred signes that presume to profane the signes and Sacraments instituted by God Vzza also for abusing the same sacred signe though it were with a good intention to ease the Arke of the Covenant that leaned too much of one side was he not punished with death For other prophanations committed by the Israelites there are examples of Osias punished with Leprosie 2 Sam. 6. O●as for adulterating the sacrifices and assuming the Ministerie of incensing allotted onely to the Priests Saul the first elected King of the Israelites 2. Chron. 26 Saul was put to the Sword and his Kingdom succeeded to another as was foretold him by Samuel in that he prophaned the sacrifices and permitted his subjects to commit the like abuses 1. Sam. 13. Ioseph lib. 7 cap 4. de Antiq Iudae His successors to the Kingdomes of the Iewes and Israelites did they not persever in their abuses and corruptions of the sacrifices and Sacraments ordained by God when they celebrated sacrifices to the gods 1. Kings 11. Astaroth the god of the Sidonians Chamos of the Moabites and Melcom or Moloch of the Ammonites building Temples Oratories for them offering incense and solemnizing sacrifices to them Jeroboam King of the Israelites Ieroboam 1. Kings 12. did not onely erect a golden Calfe as the high Priest Aaron formerly did but hee set up two golden Cowes in the two Temples of Bethel of Dan he instituted strange Priests corrupted the Law of God and caused sacrifices to be celebrated after the manner and forme of Aarons This Idolatrie and corruption of sacrifices was continued by the Israelites for more then foure hundred yeeres 1. Kings 14. during the reignes of their Kings who had taught them to adulterate the true manner and forme of sacrifices in particular Chappels Oratories edified on the tops of hilles consecrated in shadie forrests violating the law of sacrifices ordained for the holy Temple in the sacred Citie of God for particular examples of abuses committed against the true use of sacrifices we reade an historie of Maacha 2. Kings 16. the mother of King Asa who caused an Image to bee erected to god Pan she consecrated dedicated unto him a shaddie Forrest celebrated to him sacrifices Achab another King of the Israelites erected an Altar Achab. 1 Kings 16. and procured sacrifices to bee solemnized to god Mars otherwise called Baal to whom he dedicated an umbragious Grove Ioseph lib. 8. cap. 10. to please herein his wicked wife Jezabel Hee also built another Temple and Altar to the god of the Tyrians ordained sacrificing Priest and instituted about 40. false prophets His sonne successor Ochosias Ochosias inst●ucted by his father in corrupting the true use of the sacrifices caused men not onely to immolate to Baal who signified Mars but persevering still in farre greater corrupt on s he built another Temple to the god of the Acaronites 2. Kings 1. Ioseph lib. 9. cap. 1. called by Josephus Myos and by the Grecians Priapus to which god hee offered sacrifice And to bee sho●t what more abominable corruption can bee imagin●d then the invention of Purgatory fire Purgatory fire 2. Kings 16. which the Israelites abused causing their children to passe through the middest of the fire in Tophet a valley belonging to the sonnes of Ennon sacrificing to god Moloch This corruption of sacrifice In the book Alcoran Asoar 29. li. 46. Asoar 5. Ignem gehounae non nisi numero dierum praeterminato Animas sentire docet Alc●van liber ad diem Veritatis omnis accedere ●perum suorum mercedem accepturos A●oar 5. The cause of corruption in Sacraments Ap●● 1. ● though it had been practised since Moses time notwithstanding the idole of Moloch in the valley of Ennon was not demolished till the reigne of good King Iosias more then nine hundred yeeres after Moses Neverthelesse this abuse hath been continued by the Arabians and Africans even to this present day for the Alcaronists and Mahumetans are of this beliefe that the soules of the dead shall passe through fire to bee purged purified of their offences By this briefe collection wee may cleerely discerne how from the beginning of the world man hath fallen by his owne defect into this gulph of the error and corruption of sacred signes sacrifices and Sacraments instituted for him by God But the most capitall abuses from whence the originall of all Idolatry derives have proceeded from this in that carnall and fleshly men have bin alwayes more addicted to visible signes and externall ceremonies then to things signified and intimated in Sacraments for in stead of circumcising their hearts casting off the old skinne of sinne to bee regenerated and purified by the bloud of the heavenly oblation offered up before all ages they have taken understood the circumcision carnally for nothing but the corporall foreskin circumcised Dent. 10.50 For did they follow the interpretation of God hereof by Moses which was to circumcise the prepuce of their hearts Did the people of Israel give credit to the good Prophet Ieremias who admonished them of the spiritual Circumcision and to circumcise the foreskin of their hearts Ierem. 4. in casting off the old skinne of their corrupt nature The like hath hapned in sacrifices and sacred signes instituted by God for signes of that sacrifice consummated in the sacred person of Iesus Christ for carnall man had reference to the corporall bloud of the terrestriall beasts whereas man should have raised up his spirit to heaven to have apprehended what was prefigured signified by the Immolation Oblation of beasts And therefore divine Iustice is denounced by the Prophets Esar 7. What neede have I saith the Lord God of your sacrifices I am angry with the oblation of your sheep I take no more delight in the bloud of Oxen nor of Lambes and sacrificed goats Why labour you to erect Altars to mee I le none of your vaine Offerings and Oblations I abhorre your Incenses I cannot endure your New Moones your Sabbaths your assemblies nor your feasts all this is but vanity I have conceived an hatred against your Feasts of New Moones O you Israelites and your solemne celebrations I am weary with having endured so much Psal 41. you are ready to addresse unto mee your prayers but I will no more heare you for the abuses you have committed by your hands full of blood I will accept of no Bull hereafter from the house of Israel because sacrifices are not pleasing to mee Esay 65. I take as much delight in the sacrifice of an immolated Oxe as in the murder of a man slaine in the Oblation of Incense Ierem. 6. as the adoration of an Idoll Wherefore then saith God take you so much paines to hunt after Incense frō Saba and for odours out of a farre

the Archbishop for their conversion and they desired him to pray againe that it might returne to the former substance and presently he returned it into the same substance Now I would gladly know what was the reason that after this great miracle and the conversion of this clergie that this contrarie Doctrine should be taught and that an Archbishop Alfrecus should translate and write against this miracle doctrine and that all the Churches in England should with him teach against this Transubstantation and that for 90. yeares if not for a hundred and yet should not be excommunicated by the holy Father the Pope not once proceeded against seeing that 60. yeares after the clergie of England made a booke of constitutions to be governed by in which they did all approve that in the Lords Supper there remained bread wine and yet the faithfull receaved Christ spiritually and yet for all this the Pope did not proceede against them Againe what was the reason there were so many Latine sermons tolerated in the Church which taught against their superstitions and they not condemned by some generall councell for heresie if the Church had formerly concluded this Doctrine Againe what is the reason that these Latine Sermons are all made away except one and that that should have some words utterly razed out the same Sermon remaining in the Saxon language hath these words Notwithstanding this sacrifice is not the same body of his wherein he suffered for us nor the same blood of his which hee shed for us Anno 1141. but spiritually it is made his body and blood as that Manna which rained from heaven the water which did flow out of the Rock as Paul saith These words so razed out are restored againe by the same sermon in the Saxon language and is to be seene in a booke at Exeter Againe I marvell those clergie men were suffred to be so neare the Bishop at his celebrating of Masse and were not rather committed to ward like hereticks Againe I marvell that this Odo Popish Writer found falsh hee being a man of so great authoritie who had such extraordinary gifts in working miracles as never any Prophet or Apostle had yet that he would suffer those Latine sermons in the Church which Alfrecus did translate 46. yeares after him into the Saxon language and not he to have so much as writ against them and that heresie and to leave some testimonie of his detestation against it Againe I do marvell that Osbon doth not make mention of their singing to Deum seeing it was in the Cathedrall Church where so many singing men were That Jesuite who can cleare these Doubts shall do as great a miracle as Odo did when by his prayers caused a sword to come flying from heaven into King Ethelstanes scabard when he had lost his owne and he being in fight with Analnus Or as great a miracle as Odo did in making that all the time the roofe of the Chuch of Canterbury was a building hee caused that not one drop of raine fell in the Church nay that Iesuite deserveth a Cardinals hat All these reasons well considered do shewe that this Osbon did seeke to delude the people and his testimonie is found to be against them and to manifest the truth for us And this Doctrine was not established by generall consent till Innocent the 3. by the counsell holden at Rome Anno 1215. It was by 1300 Bishops and there they did decree that all must goe to confession once a yeare and come to the communion and this was made an Article of Faith About the year of our Lord 1280. lived Iohannes Scotus he is called Downes he was Master of Sciences in his 4. book he writes thus of the sacrament of the Lords Supper the scriptures might be expounded more easily more planely without Transubstantiation but the Church did choose this sence which is more hard being moved thereunto as it seemeth chiefly because of the Sacrament men ought to hold as the holy Church of Rome holdeth And in the same place he doth allude unto Jnnocent the 3. and the counsell holden in the Church at Rome called the Laterane counsell Erasmus on the 1. Corinth 7. saith The Church of Christ hath lately determined Transubstantiation in the Sacrament it was enough a lōg season to beleeve Christs body to be either under the bread consecrated or els to be present after any other manner this he wrote about an 120. yeares since He was as great a learned man as any lived in that age This Pope having as it is manifested altered the institution of the Lords Supper he having ordained a new faith and having chosen 4. orders of Fryers which brought forth a new Gospel called Cirillus by which they taught that God governed in the time of the Law the Sone in the time of grace but now by the comming of the 4. orders of begging Fryers the Holy Ghost began to raigne and should raigne till the end of the world and those which beleeved this new Gospell should be saved And if the Lord in mercy had not stirred up many witnesses Rev. 16.13 to withstand there croaking frogs they would have razed out all Christianity amongst which was that famous divine Gulielmus Master of Paris who proved by 39. Arguments that fryers are false teachers and all the Scriptures which are against Antichrist hee applyed against them See more in Mr. Fox This Innocentius the 3. came to be Pope Anno 1198. Hee was Pope 19. yeares and he having brought in many superstitions into the Chuch Hee commanded Almericum of Paris to be burned for an hereticke because he disallowed Transubstantiation and that whosoever did not goe to confession at least once a yeare should be excommunicate He ordained the Lords Supper should be celebrated without wine he ordained that the consecrated Hoste should be carryed to the sick by the Priest in a gorgeous habit with torches or candles light and a bell before him and so to goe to the sick and give him of it It is recorded this Pope was exceeding subtile and crafty he brought the Emperour under him and all the Kings in Europe as Abas Vespergincs saith Hee gott all the wealth in the world by his wicked devises He compelled king Iohn to receive his Crown of him See Fox 253. Hee decreed that whosever spake evill of the Pope should loose his life yea that hee should be tormented in hell sire This Pope did first institute the fowr orders of Fryers wheras the order of Monks were made first clergy men by Boniface the third in a counsell at Rome Anno 610. There it was decreed that the Moncks might preach and baptise excommunicate and absolve whereas before they did not attend any such office See Vencenee Belovanses Hist lib. 30. and it doth appeare that the Priests did much oppose them For I doe find that Pope Honorius after did conform them to those degrees To returne to