great Solemnity advanced some eminent Persons to higher degrees of Dignity to be as Jewels to that Crown which should be placed on his Head they were Twelve in number six Earls and six Barons The Names of whom are as followeth Edward Lord Hide of Hendon Lord high Chancellour of England was created Earl of Clarendon Arthur Lord Capel was created Earl of Essex Thomas Lord Brudenel was created Earl of Cardigan Arthur Viscount Valentia in Ireland was created Earl of Anglesey Sir Iohn Greenvile Gentleman of His Majesties Bed-Chamber and Groom of the Stool was created Earl of Bath Charles Howard of His Majesties Privy Council was created Earl of Carlisle Denzil Hollis Esq was created Lord Hollis of Ifeld Sir Frederick Cornwallis was created Lord Cornwallis of Eye in Suffolk an antient Barony Sir George Booth Baronet was created Lord de-la-Mere Sir Horatio Townsend was created Baron of Lyn-Regis Sir Anthony Ashly Cooper was created Baron of Winterbourn St. Gyles Iohn Crew was created Lord Crew of Stene The Earls at their Creation had two Earls their supporters their Cap and Coronet carried by one their Sword by another and their Mantle by a third The Lords were likewise supported by two Lords their Cap and Mantle in the same manner but no Sword These Peers being thus led up Garter King of Arms attending them to the King upon their several approaches their Patents were presented by Sir William Walker Principal King at Arms which being by the Lord Chamberlain delivered to the King and from him to Secretary Nicholas were by him read and then given by His Majesty to the Respective Nobles who after they were vested with their Robes had their several Caps and Coronets placed upon their Heads by His Majesties own hands as he sate in a Chair of State These likewise were ordered to attend the King at his Coronation which Commenced its glories Monday the Twenty second of April aforesaid it having rained a Moneth together before it pleased God that not one drop fell on this Triumph which appeared in its full Lustre and Grandeur but as soon as the solemnity was past and the King and his Train at Dinner in Westminster-Hall it fell a Thundering Lightning and Raining with the greatest force vehemence and noise that was ever heard or seen at that time of the year The Streets were gravelled all the way and filled with a multitude of Spectators out of the Countrey and some Forreigners who acknowledged themselves never to have seen among all the great Mâ—gnificences of the World any to come near or equal this even the Vaunting French confessed their Pomps of the late Marriage with the Infanta of Spain at their Majesties entrance into Paris to be inferiour in its State Gallantry and Riches unto this most Illustrious Cavalcade Which proceeded on this manner as the NOBILITY and GENTRY were placed within and without the Tower First went the Horse-Guard of his Highness the Duke of York the Messengers of his Majesties Chamber the Esquires of the Knights of the Bath One hundred thirty six in number the Knight Harbenger the Serjeant-Porter the Sewers of the Chamber the Quarter-waiters of the six Clerks of the Chancery the Clerks of the Signet the Clerks of the Privy Seal the Clerks of the Council the Clerks of both Houses of Parliament the Clerks of the Crown the Chaplains in Ordinary having Dignities ten in number the King's Advocate and Remembrancer the Kings learned Counsel at Law the Master of the Chancery the Kings puisne Serjeants the Kings Attorney and Solicitors the King 's eldest Serjeants Secretaries of the French and Latine Tongues the Gentlemen-Ushers daily waiters the Sewers Carvers and Cup-bearers in ordinary the Esquires of the Body the Masters of standing Offices being no Councellors viz. of the Tents Revels Ceremonies Armory Wardrope Ordnance Master of Requests Chamberlain of the Exchequer Barons of the Exchequer and Judges of the Law according to their Dignity the Lord chief Baron the Lord chief Justice of the Common Pleas the Master of the Rolls the Lord chief Justice of England Trumpets the Gentlemen of the Privy-Chamber the Knights of the Bath sixty eight in Number the Knight Marshal the Treasurer of the Chamber Master of the Jewel-house Knights of the Privy Council Comptroller of his Majesties Houshold Treasurer of his Majesties Houshold Two Trumpets and Serjeants Trumpets Two Pursivants at Arms Barons eldest Sons Earls youngest sons Viscounts eldest sons Barons Marquesses younger sons Earls eldests sons Two Pursivants at Arms. Viscounts Dukes younger sons Marquesses eldest sons Two Heraulds Earls Earl Marshal and Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold Dukes eldest sons Serjeants at Arms on both sides the Nobility Clarencieux and Norroy Lord Treasurer Lord Chancellor Lord High Steward Duke of Ormond two persons representing the Duke of Normandy and Aquitain Gentleman-Vsher Garter Lord Mayor Sir Richard Brown The Duke of York alone The Lord High Constable of England Earl of Northumberland Lord Great Chamberlain of England Earl of Lindsey The Sword by the Duke of Richmond The KING Equerries and Footmen next and about his Majesty Gentlemen and Pensioners without them the Master of the Horse Duke of Albemarl leading a spare Horse the Vice-Chamberlain to the King Captain of the Pensioners Captain of the Guard the Guard the Kings Life guard Commanded by my Lord Gerrard the Generals Life-guard by Sir Philip Howard a Troop of Voluntier Horse and a Company of Foot by Sir Iohn Robinson The way from the Tower to Aldgate was guarded by the Hamlets from thence to Temple-Bar by the Trained-Bands of London on one side and lined with the Liveries on the other side with the Banners of each Company The Windows were all along laid with the best Carpets and Tapestry Bands of Musick in several places and the Conduits running with Wine In St. Pauls Church-yard stood the Blew-coat boys of Christ-Church Hospital One in behalf of the rest declared their joy for his Majesties wonderful preservation in his absence and his Arrival thither humbly beseeching his Majesties Gracious favour and indulgence according to the example of his Royal Ancestors and his Father of blessed memory The King was very well pleased with this Speech and after conferred something on the Boy that spoke it In the Strand and through Westminster also the ways were gravelled and rayled being guarded on both sides with the Trained bands of that Liberty and City and his Majesties two Regiments of Foot under the command of his Grace the Duke of Albemarle and Colonel Russel brother to the Earl of Bedford The houses were also richly adorned with the Carpets and Tapestry and Musick particularly a stage of Morice-dancers at the Maypole in the Strand in the several places all along his Majesties passage When his Majesty came through Temple-bar into his Antient and Native City of Westminster the Head-bayliff in a Scarlet Robe and High Constable in Scarlet received his Majesty with loud Musick where alighting off their horses and kneeling down to
surrounded by Waller Round-way Down fight Lord Hopton reâ—â—â—ed by Pr. Maurice Earl of Carnarvan Lord Wilmot and Lord Biron They roâ—t Waller and Hazlerig who fled to Bristol thence to Farnham and so to London The King and Queen at Oxford The young E. of Lindsey at Oxford Bristol delivered to Prince Rupert Dorchester Portland Weymouth and Melcomb submit Bidiford Appleford and Barnstable surrendred Exeter delivered to Prince Maurice Sir John Berkly Governour thereof Adderton-Heath fight Fairfax routed Bradford taken Hallifax quitted Sir H. Cholmley takes Beverley Lady Aubigney brings a Commission of Array to London The designe discovered Mr. Edward Waller fined 10000 pounds Some Lords others suspected Tompkins Chaloner executed Iudge Berkley fined voted incapable of any publike trust and a Prisoner during pleasure The King resolves to gain Glocester The Kings Gratious Summons to the said City Their equivocal Answer Col. Massey the Governour fired the Suburbs and forceth Prince Rupert to retreat The King undermines Glocester The Parliament raise the Trained Bands Waller constituted Major-Gen of Kent Essex Surrey and Hamp-shire Essex Renâ—â—vouzed on Hounsloe-heath lodged at Colebrook P. Rupert with a party of Horse iâ—deavours to impede his march Tâ—e fight in Stow of the Would Gen. Essex at Presbury-hills the siege of Glocester deserted Gen. Essex at Cheltenham Solemn thanks for the dâ—livery of Glocester bâ—th there and at London The King neer Wilt-shire Essex reâ—â—â—ves Tewskbury Glocester 〈…〉 Sir N. Crisp and Col. Spencer and takes Cyreâ—cester Auborn-chase fâ—â—t The Parliamentarians worsâ—ed Marq. De Vieu ville slain Essex marcheth from Hungerford to Newberry Newberry fight Col. Barcley and Col. Holborn charge P. Rupert E. of Carnarvan slain Prince Rupert worsted The Kings Infantry led by Lord Ruthen Earl of Brentford Major-General Skippon principal Commander of the Foot under Essex Both Armies divided by the night Col. Tucker on the Parl. side slain On the K. side the E. of Sunderland and Lord Viscount Faulkland Essex at â—eading 〈…〉 A dâ—â—l between Sir Nicholas Crispe and Sir James Enyon Sir James Enyon kill'd Sir Nicholas Crispe â—ryeâ— by a Council of War and acquitted He kisseth the Kingshand and is pardoned Doctor Featley committed to prison for opposing the Covenant He is received at London in Triumph The King at Oxford The K. committeth Ma. Hamilton to Pendennis Castle A Cessation for a year in Ireland Col. Monk surprized at Nantwich and imprisoned in the Tower of London Mar. of Newcastle sends Forces to the Queen divers places submit to them Hallifax quitted by Fairfax Manchester sent against the Royalists Lyn yeilds to him He Marcheth to assist the L. Willoughby of Parham L. Willohgby surprizeth the Earl of Kingston Col. Cavendish slain Horn-castle fight The E. of Newcastle â—orsted Sir Ingram Hopton and Sir George Bowls slain Manchester besiegeth Lincoln Lincoln City and Minster stormed and taken Sir Iohn Meldrum possesseth Gainsborough Ld. Willoughby possesseth Bullingbrook Castle The King sends Sir Lewis Dives into the Associated Counties He takes Sir Iohn Norris Affrights Hartford-shire and Bedfordshire and returns Sir Lewis Dives Sir Rob. Heath Iustice Forster Sir John Banks and Serjeant Glanvile voted Traytors The Kentish Insurrection in behalf of the K. Lord Hopton marcheth into Kent Essex and Waller recruited Col. Fiennes condemned for Cowardize Essex possesseth it Newport-pagnal abandoned Walter apprinted to attend Hopton Isle of Jersey delivered to Sir John Pennington The French Ambassador splendidly received at Oxford Sir John Hothams revolt and seizure He and his Son sent Prisoners to the Tower Mr. Pym dyes A new great Seal The King declares it treason sends a Messenger to adjourn the Term He is condemned for a spy and hanged The Parliament at Oxford The Scots enter England Divers places surrendred on both sides Prince Rupert relieves Newark and overcomes Sir John Meldrum Brandon or Cheriton-down fight between Sir Wil. Waller and the Lord Hopton March 29. The Kings party worsted Lord Hopton draws off to Winchester from thence to Oxford John L. Stuart Sir John Smith Col. Sandys Col. Scot and Col. Manning slain The Dutch Ambassador at Oxford Sir Charles Blunt slain Essex and Waller joyn Queen goes to Exeter Abbington plundered and Garrison'd Col. Brown Governor thereof The K. marcheth to Worcester The Parl. divide their Forces Waller sent a King-catching and Essex into the West Prince Rupert sent to York Corpredy fight Waller sets upon the K. is gallantry received by the Earls of Cleaveland Northampton and put to flight The Princess Henrietta born at Exeter the Queen goes to France The E. of Essex defeated at Lestithiel Marq. of Newcastle Besieged in York by the E. of Manchester Lord Fairfax and Lesly Prince Rupert raiseth the Siege of Latham house takes divers places The Siege of York raâ—â—d Marston-Moor fight Prince Rupert commands the Main Battel Marq. of Newcastle one Wing General Goring Sir Charles Lucas and Major-General Porter several parties The Parliaments Horse Scotch Cavalry routed The Victory dubious in other parts where the E. of Manchesters Horse engaged Cromwel his Lieut. Gen. a most indefatigable Souldier Sir Tho. Barker Sir John Pettus Capt. Allen c. imprisoned An account of Oliver Cromwels life Born of an ancient Family at Huntington Married to Elizabeth the Niece of Sir Rob. Steward who settled on him an Estate after he had consumed his Patrimony and intended for New-England Sir Robert Steward declares O. C. his Heir Cromwel gets into favour with the Faction they procure him to wife Elizabeth the Daughter of Sir James Bòwcher and choose him Burgess for Cambridge The Marq. of Newcastle defeated His Lambs excellent Souldiers They are overpowred and destroyed P. Rupert fled to Thursk c. The Parl. Generals march to the Siege at York from whence they rose to fight The loss of men so great on both sides that the Inhabitants were poysoned with the smell of the Dead bodies Marq. Newcastle L. Widrington Gen. King Sir Wil. Vavasor and others pass over to Hamburgh Slain on the K. side the L. Cary and Sir Tho. Metham On the Parl. side the Lord Diddup York yielded by Sir Thomas Glenham The Parliament raise new Lâ—vies A strange Tax laid upon London Easingâ—house besieged by Sir Wil. Waller And relieved by Col. Gage and Col. Sir G. Buncley The besiegers at Last depart The siege of Dennington-Castle The summons by Col. Middleton The Answer from Sir John Boys the Governour The besiegers assault the Castle come off with loss and depart They are met by Sir Francis Dorrington Sir W. Courtney and worsted They afterwards rout a party of the K. Horse neer Sherburn Dennington-castle again Summoned by Col. Horton Manchester comes to his assistance They batter the Castle but in vain they depart The defacing of Churches in City and Country Sir R. Harloe a forward zealot The King sends a Message for peace An Association of Club-men Banbury Siege raised The Earl of Northampton and Col. Gage the Governour of
by which his Subjects are frighted from coming or sending to him That all men of necessary Professions be admitted to come to him Note That His Majesty had suffered his Beard to overgrow in that solitary restraint of near seven Months so that Compassion wooed where Majesty once awed That the Scots may be invited to send their Propositions The King declaring a tendâ—r affection for both his Kingdoms The King appoints Newport for the place of Treaty But urgeth the reconveniencies of Treating so far from London His Majesty 〈◊〉 the Delegates to expedite the Treaty by dispatching their Commissioners The Parliament appoint Commissioners five Lords ten Commoners And desire his Majesties Royal Word for his continuance in the Island till 20 days after the Treaty Their Votes of Non-address repealed His Majesty sends the Parliament a List of such Persons he desired might attend him The Treaty began Sept. 18. The Parliament dissatisfied with the Kings Propositions They send thanks to their Commissioners His Majesties Propositions He is willing to confess himself Author of the War rather than the Peace shall be frustrated That the Assembly of Divines shall sit at Westminster 3 years That the Directory shall be confirmed for 3 years c. That Legal Estates for Lives or Years shall be made of Bishops-lands Provided the Propriety remain in the Church That there be a Reformation and concerning Papists * Thrust in by some rigid Presbyterians and maintained there by the Independants because they knew the King would never Assent to it and so no Conclusion That the two Houses shall dispose of the Militia for 10 years or during his Reign That the affairs of Ireland be determined by the Parliam That Taxes he levied for the payment of the Army and publike Debts That all the Chief Officers of State shall be nominated by the Parl. for 10 years That the Militia of the City of London Liberties for ten years may be in the Lord Mayor Aldermen Common-Council and Sheriffs thereof With the Tower and Chief Officers thereof His Majesty proposeth his liberty to repair to Westminster and to be restored to his Revenues Proffereth an Act of Oblivion to all persons The Parliament imperious Most of their Commissioners dutiful in their behaviour towards the King The Army's Remonstrance at St. Albans The villanous heads thereof That the King be brought to Iustice. That the Prince of Wales and Duke of York render themselves by a certain day or be proclaimed Traytors That the Revenue of the Crown be sequestred That Capital punishments be inflicted on some Chief Instruments in the Wars That all Delinqâ—ents come in by a certain day or their Estates be confiscated and they to die without mercy That Fines Compositions and Confiscations be disposed for the payment of the Souldiery That the Parliament set some period to their own Power That the future Government of of the Kingdom may be setled That no King be hereafter admitted but upon Election And he to accord to these Propositions as they shall be established by the Agreement of the people Something near the same stuff except what toucht the King was Signed by nine Regiments of Horse and seven of Foot and afterward promoted in London by Lieutenant-Colonel Lilburne and Mr. Prince by Petition to the Parliament who condemned both Novemb. 1647. and yet the same Moneth next year it revived The Levellers set on by Cromwel to prosecute this designe The Kings Queries to the Remonstrance A strict Guard put upon the King His Majesties Pathetick Expressions to the Parliaments Commissioners at parting His Majesties Declaration concerning the Treaty and his dislike of the Armies proceedings The Presbyterians satisfied with this Declaration and troubled at the proceedings of the Army His Majesties Letter to the Prince his Son our present Sovereign His excellent Advice to him The Army conspire to force the House The Parliament Vote the Kings Answer satisfactory Dec. 5. The Army require that the Iâ—pâ—aâ—hed Members and Major-General Brown be secured and brought to Iustice The House guarded Col. Pride Col. Hewson and Sir Hardress Waller seize on several Members Dec. 6. Hugh Peters an Agent for the Army in this Designe The Parliament impriâ—oâ—â—d Ireton 's insolent expression Major-General Brown sent prisoner to Windsor Note that Skippon thrust in that clause The Iuncto take upon them to act as a Parliament Rainsborough slain at Doncaster Oct. 29. Scarborough Castle yielded to the Parl. The Army seize the King and carry him from the Isle of Wight to Hurst Castle Dec. 1. From thence to Winchester To Farnham To Windsor The King brought to St. James 's Jan 19. Harrison 's insolent behaviour to the King The Ordinance for Trial of the King brought into the Iuncto by Tho. Scot. They Vote it Treason for the King of England to levy War against his Parliament The Vote and Ordinance carried to the Lords by the Lord Gray of Grooby The Lords cast out the Ordinance and adjourned for 7 days The Commons netled they resolve to rid their hands of King Lords and dissenting Commons An Act of the House of Commons for the Tryal of King Charles the First Jan. 9. Serjeant Dendy makes Proclamation that the Commissioners of the High Court of Iustice were to sit the next day and all persons invited to give in Evidence against Charles Stuart Proclaimed in three places Westminster Cheap-side and the Old Exchange The Names and Câ—aracters of the King's Iudges Cromwel a Native of Huntingdon-shire Ireton his Soâ—-in-law Bradshaw a Cheshire-man died obstinately 1659. He took the Oath of Allegeance but two Terms before the King's death He is rewarded with the Lord Cottington 's Estate and the Dutchy of Lancaster Harrison a Butchers Son at Newcastle in Stafford-shire was executed at Charing-Cross Octob. 1660. John Carew John Cook Sollicitor of the High Court Hugh Peters the shame of the Clergy Thomas Scot a Brewers Clerk his rash wish Gregory Clement a Merchant Adrian Scroop Brother to Sir Adrian John Jones a Serving-man marries Cromwels sister Francis Hacker a Souldier of Fortune Daniel Axtel a Country-Mercer Capt. of the Guard at the Kings Trial. Okey a Chandler near Billingsgate London a daring Commander Miles Corbet of a good Family in Norfolk Burgess for Yarmouth John Berkstead a Goldsmith Lieutenant of the Tower Thom. Pride â— Brewer 〈…〉 Isaac Ewer of 〈…〉 in Yorkshire The Lord Gray of Grooby Son to the Earl of Stamford Sir John Danvers Brother to the Loyal Earl of Danby Sir Tho. Maleverer of a good Family in Yorkshire Sir John Bourchier a diligent Independent Mercenary Col. Purefoy Governour of Coventry John Blakestone a Shop-keeper in Newcastle Sir William Constable of Yorkshire Governour of Gloucester Rich. Dean General at Sea slain by a Cannon shot Fr. Allen a Goldsmith one of the Committees for the saâ—e of Kings Lands Peregrine Pelham Governour of Hull John Moor. John Allured Humph. Edwards a Member of the Long-Parl Sir Gregory Norton John Ven a Silkman Governour of
must be called in England and Ireland and that in the mean time for the speedy raising of money the Nobility Gentry and Clergy should subscribe what sums of money they would advance to this service for the present occasion till the King could be otherwise helped by Subsidies To this purpose the Earl of Strafford first subscribed twenty thousand pounds the like did the Duke of Richmond and the Nobility according to the several values of their Estates The Clergy granted four shillings in the pound in their Convocation which presently followed to be paid for six years together only the City of London were refractory and could not be induced to lend one farthing to the carrying on of that War By these Loans however of the Kings Loyally affected Subjects he was again in a formidable posture and the Earl of Strafford besides his own personal disbursments had procured four Subsidies to maintain ten thousand foot and fifteen hundred Horse from the Parliament of Ireland he had newly called for which he was honourably brought into the House of Peers in the Parliament of England whither by his Majesties call from his Lieutenantship of Ireland he was then arrived to assist the King with his prudent Counsels Sir Thomas Coventry Lord Keeper of the Great Seal dieth the tenth of Ianuary after he had for fifteen years behaved himself in that place like a wise and honest man Sir Iohn Finch Chief Justice of the Common Pleas succeeds him of whom more anon Anno. Dom. 1640. THe 13th of April this year being the 16th of the Kings Reign a Parliament was summoned at Westminster at the opening whereof the King acquainted them with the affronts and indignities he had received from his Scotch Subjects whom he spared not to call Rebels which was somewhat resented by the Members of the House of Commons who out of dislike of Episcopacie here did not much favour that War against them which by a nick-name was then called Bellum Episcopale Therefore upon the Kings desires to them for a supply of money by which he might be enabled to reduce the Scots they presently started their old grievances which caused a debate whether the King or the Subjects should be relieved first for so they made the Scotch War the Kings personal and distinct business This alteration and the apparent unwillingness of the House of Commons to advance any mony except their previous desires viz. of clearing the properties of the Subject and the establishing of the true Religion and Priviledges of Parliament were confirmed and granted by the King reduced his Majesty to a present necessity and dilemma either of complying with the Scots or to take mony as he could raise it by his own credit and Authority to subdue them for there was no hopes in the Parliaments delays And this was the true Reason of the dissolving that Parliament which happened May the 5th to the great grief of all good people who were sensible of the Kings difficulties and the approaching evils The Convocation of the Clergy sate at the same time and were continued beyond the Parliaments dissolution though contrary to practice and custom where as before is said they contributed and confirmed the Grant of the fifth part of their Ecclesiastical Livings for six years towards the carrying on of the War against the Scots I may not omit the concession of the King in this affair to the Parliament wherein he offered upon the granting of him some Subsidies to remit and acquit his claim of Ship-mony and other advantages of his Prerogative At this Convocation some new Canons were made with Salvoes and dispensations for some which had been strictly heretofore enjoyned but especially and mainly for Episcopacie and the Doctrine of the Church of England in opposition to Popery was hereby established by the Oath of c. As likewise in opposition to the Scotch Covenant This Convocation ended May 29. none dissenting but Dr. Goodman Bishop of Glocester who since died a Roman Catholique and owned that faith As a testimony of the sincerity of the Arch-bishop of Canterbury in the Protestant Religion I shall here insert therefore a passage relating to these Canons Upon the Bishop of Glocester's refusal thereof the Arch-Bishop would have proceeded to the Censures of the Church immediately and therefore gave him according to the Canons three admonitions one upon the neck of another that he should forthwith subscribe and if he had not been whispered that so weighty a matter required deliberation and distance of time he would there have suspended him from his Dignities and Office This Noble Prelate for these and the like vigorous actings both in Church and State fell into the obloquy of the male contents the Chief of whom were the Nonconformists then called Puritans who abounded in London the most whereof upon a distaste taken from the censure of Mr. Pryn Dr. Bastwick and Mr. Burton did mightily maligne him so that on the ninth of May a Paper was posted upon the Exchange animating Apprentices to rise and sack his house at Lambeth next Monday which they were the more forward to do because it was rumoured that he was the first instigator of the King to dissolve the last Parliament But he had intelligence of their designes and provided to receive them According to their appointed time in the dead of the night they came to the number of five hundred and beset his house and endeavoured to enter but were quickly beaten off and glad to retreat having in some measure vented their anger against him in railing and scandalous language such as the streets were full of before in scattered Libels and breaking his glass-windows The day following many of them upon enquiry were apprehended and imprisoned but three days after forcibly rescued from thence by their Companions who broke open the Prison-doors for which one Bensted a Sea-man was apprehended and hanged afterwards in St. Georges-fields and his head and quarters set upon the several Gates of the City The Scotch Parliament now sat again and were more violent in their proceedings than before for having notice of the discontents in England they presently advanced with their Army thitherwards about the same time that the Queen was delivered of a Son Henry Duke of Glocester of whose decease we shall speak in its place The King to be in a readiness to receive them had also appointed an Army of which he made the Earl of Northumberland General and the Earl of Strafford Lieutenant-General but the Earl of Northumberland falling sick he himself sent away part of the Army under the Command of the Lord Conway and advanced out of London with the remainder and came in person to Northallerton During his March the Lord Conway had but ill success He had drawn about 1200 Horse and 3000 Foot to secure the Passes upon Tine near Newborn So far was the Scotch Army advanced under the Command
in case of refusal or refractoriness And we are also of opinion that in such case your Majesty is sole Iudge both of the danger and when and how the same is to be prevented and avoided This was signed by all the Judges but Justice Hutton and Justice Crook whose Arguments were against it for Mr. Hambden who was sued for not paying the Twenty Shillings Taxed upon him for Shipmoney DEcember 27th 1640. Resolved by the Commons that the Charge impos'd upon the subjects for the providing and furnishing of Ships and the Aâ—â—esments for that purpose commonly called Shipmoney are against the Laws of the Realm the Subjects right of property and contrary to former resolutions in Parliament and to the Petition of Right Resolved That the Extrajudicial opinions of the Iudges published in the Star-chamber and inrolled in the Courts of Westminster are in whole and in every part of them against the Laws of the Realm the Liberty of the Subject c. This was also so resolved by the Lords and by the Parliament ordered That a Vacat be brought into the Parliament-house of all those Records concerning Ship-money Which was accordingly done February 27. the same Year the 16 of the King Die Veneris 26 die Februarii 1640. UPon the report of the right honourable the Lords Committees appointed to consider of the way of vacating of the Iudgment in the Exchequer concerning Shipmoney It was ordered by the Lords spiritual and temporal in the High Court of Parliament assembled that the Lord Keeper or the Master of the Rolls the two Lord chief Iustices and the Lord chief Baron and likewise the chief Clerk of the Star-chamber shall bring into the Vpper House of Parliament the Record in the Exchequer of the Iudgment in Mr. Hambdens case concerning Shipmoney and also the several Rolls in each several Court of the Kings-Bench Common-Pleas Exchequer Star-chamber and Chancery wherein the Iudges extrajudicial Opinions in the Cases made touching Shipmoney be entred and that a Vacat shall be made in the Vpper House of Parliament of the said several Records And likewise the Iudgment of Parliament touching the illegality of the said Iudgments in the Exchequer and the proceedings thereupon and touching the illegality of the extrajudicial Opinions of the Iudges in the said several Courts concerning Shipmoney be annexed and apostiled unto the same And that a Copy of the Iudgment of Parliament concerning the illegality of the said Iudgment in the Exchequer and the said extrajudicial Opinions of the said Iudges concerning Shipmoney be delivered to the several Iudges of the Assize And that they be required to publish the same at the Assizes in each several County within their Circuits and to take care that the same be Entred and Enrolled by the several Clerks of Assizes And if any entry be made by any Custos Rotulorum or Clerk of Assize of the said Iudgment in the Exchequer or of the said Extrajudicial Opinions of the Iudges That several Vacats be made thereof per judicium in Paliamento by judgment in Parliament And that an Act of Parliament be prepared against the said Iudgment and extrajudicial Opinions in the proceedings touching Shipmoney Vacatur istud Recordum Judicium inde habitum per considerationem judicium Dominor spiritual temporal in Parliam irrotulamentum eorum Cancellatur The two Iustices Arguments also against it were likewise Printed and published They likewise ordered a Committee to draw up a Charge against the Archbishop of Canterbury which was done and delivered to the Lords by Mr. Hollis which was seconded with another from the Scots Commissioners upon which he was committed to the black Rod and ten weeks after voted guilty of High treason and sent to the Tower The Parliament having thus removed these men and growing every day more and more upon the affections of the people they began to hammer upon the Bill for Triennial Paliaments which soon after passed both Houses and to the universal content of the Kingdom was signed by his Majesty for which the Parliament by the Lord Littleton Keeper of the great Seal gave him their most humble and hearty thanks Some former Overtures and Propositions had been made by the Dutch Ambassadors of a Marriage between the Princess Mary the Kings eldest Daughter and William Prince of Aurange which upon the arrival of the said Prince was afterwards accomplished being well approved of by both Houses by the lower whereof a Vote passed against Bishops temporal jurisdiction which was afterwards framed into an Act passed the Lords and was confirmed by the King who in all things saving his Honour and Conscience complyed with the desires of this Parliament Now came the Earl of Straffords Tryal which after various debates about the Place was appointed in Westminster-Hall the King Queen and Prince had a place built for them the Nobility had seats at the upper end of the Court the Commons in a Committee sate below several of whom as Mr. Pym Mr. St. Iohn and others managed his Accusation the Earl of Arundel was Lord High Steward and the Earl of Lindsey Lord High Constable The Charge or Impeachment consisted of Twenty eight Articles all which he so learnedly and warily answered defending himself with such sinewy Eloquence and warded the points of his accusation so dexterously that the Lords could not find the guilt which the Commons so highly exclaimed against as the greatest treason imaginable Among other witnesses Sir David Fowles and Sir William Pennyman appeared against the Earl the first of whom the Earl declared was his enemy and the latter a Member of the House of whom it was observed that having testifyed against the Earl he could not abstain from weeping Anno Dom. 1641. THe Commons seeing they could not condemn him by this proceeding they betook themselves to another by Bill of Attainder which conceding the matter of Fact sufficiently proved against him at his Tryal and by the Testimony also of the Parliament of Ireland who had prosecuted him there for the said offences condemned him as guilty of high treason This Bill stuck for a while with the Lords till the Tumults coming down and stopping their Coaches and menacing to post up the names of those who favoured him under the name of Straffordians with an impetuous cry of Iustice frighted many of the Peers to assent to the Bill which yet passed but by the plurality of seven voices against him No sooner was it past there but the Commons presented it to the King for him to sign who very much declined it but being over-perswaded by the dangers that were represented as inevitable consequents of his refusal and being also desired by the said Noble Earl himself to give the Parliament content though through the mediation of his own blood His Majesty after advice with the Bishops did pass that fatal Bill which proved the Ax against his own life I cannot pass the Tragedy of
departed a contented King from a contented people The Parliament at Westminster had scarce yet sat in a full House from their Adjournment curiously prying into the Errors and male-Administration of the Government here but the fearful news came of a horrid Rebellion broke forth in Ireland It seems no sooner that careful diligent eye of the Earl of Strafford was first distorted by the Scotch affairs and after put out and extinguished by the English envy but the Irish resumed their wonted desires after liberty which they never yet attempted upon a less foundation than a total Massacre and utter extirpation of the English in that Kingdom so that in effect however the Parliament threw the odium of that Rebellion there upon the King Questionless it can be no where imputable ab extra from without but from their unwarrantable proceeding against the said Earl whose name and presence alone would have been sufficient to have prevented it or his wisdom and power able to have suppressed it This affrighting news when the Kingdom was already in a trepidation labouring with its own fears and pretended dangers soon brought the King from Scotland with all possible haste to London where notwithstanding those troubles he was most welcomly and as magnificently entertained the Citizens on Horseback with Gold-chains and in their several Liveries in Rayles placed along the streets chearfully receiving him the sober part of the Nation not valuing the Irish troubles if the King and his Parliament should but happily agree if the breaches could be but closed here there was no doubt of stanching the wound there But it was otherwise meant by the faction who added that conflagration as fuel to this suggesting to the multitude that what was acted against the Protestants there was likewise intended to be put in Execution here the Authors of one being also so of the other sinisterly traducing the King as inclining to Popery which they point-blank charged upon the Archbishop of Canterbury which imputation diffused it self afterwards upon the whole Order This torrent of the multitude was swelled so high even at this reception of the King that one Walker an Iron-monger as his Majesty passed from Guild-Hall where he was most sumptuously feasted at the City-charge Sir Richard Gurney being then Mayor threw into his Coach a scandalous Libel Intituled To your Tents O Israel which indignity the King complained of and thereupon Walker was put in Prison yet afterwards he Libelled a great deal worse both in Press and Pulpit But since the settlement of the Church he procured a lawful Ordination I mention this man as the shame of that zealotry which so furiously commenced this unnatural War The first business transacted with the King by the two Houses was an account of the Irish Rebellion the King having acquainted them in a short Speech of his composure of the Scotch troubles and soon after conjuring them to joyn with him in the speedy suppressing of the Irish whose dangers grew every day greater Iobs Messengers perpetually bringing over worser and worser news from that Kingdom where most of the Nobility were confederated in that horrid revolt having made Sir Phelim Oneal the chief of the family of Tyrone the late famous Rebel there in the latter part of the Raign of Queen Elizabeth and bred in Lincolns-Inn and then a Protestant but turned a bloody Papist though a most sneaking and silly Coward the supreme Commander of their Forces which then were raised in great numbers throughout all the Provinces Deep waters run stillest and with the least noise so was it with this Plot. It was very strange that a designe of such vastness of so great mischief and horrour should be concealed among a multitude that were concerned in it But this devilish secrecy was imputable onely to the ancient irreconciliable malice of the Irish against the English whose yoke sundry times they had attempted to shake off not for any oppression they were under but out of a natural desire of being Lords and Masters of their own liberty But nevertheless it pleased God that it came in the very nick of the execution of their Plot to be revealed by one of that Nation or otherwise that Kingdom had been in danger to be lost as Sicily was from the French by a sudden massacre The chief Instrument in carrying on this horrible Plot was one Roger Moor descended of an ancient Irish family but allyed to most of the Gentlemen of the English Pale He made several journeys into all the four Provinces of this Kingdom communicating his intelligences from forrain Popish Courts and the transactions of their Priests and Fryars there to the encouragement of this Revolt Another of the greatest confidents and complices in this designe was the Lord Viscount Gormanston of the English Pale which generally sided with the Rebels as being inoculated into Irish stocks and were Papists generally though against all opinion of the Council for that they had been such enemies to the Earl of Tyrone in his grand Rebellion But the menacing speeches and denunciations of the English Parliament against Papists in both Kingdoms especially in this where they threatned a total extirpation cannot be denyed to be one if not the principal cause why they made this defection from their Country and Allegiance The 23 of October was the day pitcht upon for the general rising and the Lord Macguire Col. Mac Mahon Col. Plunket and Capt. Fox Hugh Birn and Roger Moor were appointed for the seizure of Dublin-Castle which would at once have done their work those persons with a competent number of men to their assistance came one day before to Town and had conference together at the Lyon-Tavern near Copper-Ally where one Owen O Conally an Irish Gentleman but a retainer to Sir Iohn Clotworthy was admitted and by Mac Mahon informed of the conspiracy After a large drinking to their next mornings success O Conally privily repaired to the Lord Justice Parsons to whom and Sir Iohn Borlace the other Justice the Government was committed after my Lord Straffords death The Lord Dillon was likewise named and constituted but to avoid the jealousie and grudgings thereat the King had disauthorized him and very disturbedly and confusedly by reason of the drink and his horrour at the story revealed the chiefest part of it It was thereupon advised by the said Lord Justice for a fuller and certainer account to send him back again to the said Mac Mahon commanding him to return that night again to him which he did from the said Tavern and company who would have kept him there all night by pretending to ease himself and thence leaping over a wall and a set of pales into the streets In the mean time the Lord Justice Parsons went to the Lord Borlaces house and there assembled a Council by the coming of Sir Thomas Rotheram and Sir Robert Meredith who resolved first to attend the return of O Conally who in his
by night which was the usual course carried Links in their hands like right boutefeus to light their Complices and Partakers in this monstrous Riot So that the danger appearing in a method and form the dire prognostick of Battalia and flighting the opposition of a Corps du Guard erected over against Scotland-yard which was maintained by the Trained Bands of St. Clements and St. Martins the Gentlemen of the honourable Society of Grayes-Inne under the leading of Sir William Mason in good order ranked two and two marched from their randezvouz at Covent-Garden to White-Hall and proffered their Loyal Service to the King as a Guard to his person against those formidable tumults They were received by the King with all respect and acknowledgements of this seasonable tender which manifested that Law Reason and Civility were disengaged from the Rebellion but the Kings sudden remove dispensed with their Duty The King sensible from what quiver this Arrow came and not longer able to endure these indignities which he had so often moved the two Houses though in vain to prevent or punish resolved to seize on those Grandees who principally abetted those tumults and also had had a deep hand in the Scotch troubles having intercepted Letters of correspondence between them and the Covenanters the untoward Issue and Event whereof as whereby his English Subjects had presumed to obtain by tumults the same demands lay yet heavy on his heart and boded the fame conclusions Taking therefore with him a Guard of his own domestick Servants and some Gentlemen casually then in the Court late in one of the Christmas-nights he came to the door of the House of Commons and entred and demanded five members thereof as also one of the House of Peers the Lord Kimbolton viz. Mr. Pyns Mr. Hambden Mr. Holles Mr. Stroâ—d and Sir Arthur Haslerig but they having notice of the Kings coming to this purpose by one Langrish a Servant of the Queens had time and but just enough to withdraw themselves into Westminster-Hall where they lay hid in the Kings-bench-Court until the business of that night was over and then betook themselves into London to the Guild-Hall whereto the House not long after adjourned it self in a grand Committee for their safeguard and security This attempt of the King the House presently voted a breach of priviledge and ran so high as to complain of evil Councellours about the King demanding the persons of those who gave that advice to the King Nay so highly did they insist upon and urge this violation of their freedom that all the King could do gave them no satisfaction though he endeavoured to excuse it so that it continued their plea throughout the War But how it was retaliated upon them both by themselves and Oliver in the several Exclusions and Forces afterwards put upon that House needs no particular indigitation Having therefore got this claw against the King they resolve to revenge themselves on the Bishops some of whom they suspected to be the chief instruments in that business Particularly to gratifie the City whom they had wholly devoted at their service who might see the Parliaments readiness to comply with their clamours against that Venerable Order Twelve of these the Commons accused to the Lords as guilty of High Treason whereof ten were committed to the Tower and two to the Black Rod. At the same time also the Irish were proclaimed Rebels thirty Proclamations hereof being onely Printed for some reasons of State the King reserved to himself then though afterwards when the Parliament among other things taxed him with this he gave them a full and satisfactory answer as not willing to make the Irish desperate and utterly undo his Protestant Subjects who were as then far too weak to withstand so potent a Rebellion which the King was willing so far to comply with the Parliament as to declare it so For the number of them he said it was the request of the said Lords Justices of Ireland there should be but twenty as many of themselves well knew Like wise to satisfie the Parliament about that business of the five members he now declared his charge against them which consisted of several things relating to intelligence held with the Scots while declared Traytors That they trayterously endeavoured by many foul Aspersions upon his Majesty and Government to alienate the affections of the people and to make his Majesty odious to them That they trayterously endeavoured to subvert the fundamental Laws and Government of this Kingdom and to deprive the King of his Regal and to place on Subjects an arbitrary and illegal power That they endeavoured to draw his Majesties late Army in the North to disobedience to his Majesties command That they invited the Scots to invade England That they trayterously endeavoured the subversion of the rights and very being of Parliament That for the compleating of their trayterous designes they have endeavoured as far as in them lay by force and terrour to compel the Parliament to joyn with them in their trayterous designes and to that end countenanced and raised the tumults against the King and Parliament That they had trayterously conspired to levy and had actually levyed war against the King This was as I said before declared by the King but in hopes and order to accommodation this course being thought a good expedient thereto was laid aside and not prosecuted But the Parliament left it not so imprisoning for a while the Kings Atturney Sir Edward Herbert demanding those evil Councellours that gave this advice against the five Members to punishment Herewith the Tumults so increased about White-Hall and Westminster that the King Queen Prince and Duke of York were forced for security of their persons to retire to Hampton-Court being necessitated to take sufficient forces of his Courtiers for his guard About this time there was a false rumour raised by the Lord Digbies passing through Kingston neer London of a plot to raise Horse against the Parliament whereupon Col. Lunsford then with him was committed to Prison and this story improved into a calumny against the King The Scots now interposed themselves betwixt the King and Parliament though siding clearly with the Parliament having by Treaty agreed with them to send over 2500 men into the North of Ireland upon the English pay Through their thus taking of their parts the Parliament flew high now in their demands requiring the disposal of the Command of the Tower and the management of the Militia which being refused they desisted not but on the 26 of Ianuary Petitioned the King for them both to which the King by several reasons answered in the nagative Now again they insisted upon it as also upon the business of the five Members still to exasperate the people who cryed out against Popish Lords and Bishops sitting in Parliament to which the King answered as before and declared his readiness to pass an Act of general
having been a traveller and no doubt Jesuitically affected as he made more visibly manifest in the practise of their Doctrine of Regicide ‑ William Cawley a Brewer of Chichester and returned for a recruit of the Long-Parliament could not for Trade-sake but concur with his Brethren Oliver Cromwel and Thomas Scot. ‑ Nicholas Love Doctor Love's Son of Winchester Chamber-fellow with the Speaker Lenthall made one of the six Clerks of Chancery in Master Penrudducks place a violent Enemy against the King and his Friends from the very beginning of our Troubles and an Army-partaker in this horrible Act. ‑ Iohn Dixwell a recruit of the Long-Parliament for Dover Colonel and Governour of Dover-Castle one so far obliged to them for their promotion of him that he could do no less for them than assist them in this grand Conspiracy against the King ‑ Daniel Blagrave a recruit also for Reading in Bark-shire of a small but competent Fortune there to have kept him guiltless of this great offence ‑ Daniel Broughton a Clerk bred up among Committees in the War and preferred therefore at last to be chief Scribe to this Pharisaical murderous crue of the High Court of Justice ‑ Edward Dendy Serjeant at Arms to the said Court who had outed his Father from the employment of the Mace before no wonder such a Rebel to his Father should prove a parricide to his Prince These following being of the Kings Iudges but recanting were pardoned or otherwise mulcted and punished Col. Iohn Hutchison who both Sentenced and Signed to his Majesties Execution by a timely repentance which he publikely testified by tears obtained his pardon being onely discharged the House of Commons and all future Trusts and fined a years profit of his Estate to the King Col. Francis Lassels a York-shire man who sate once but neither Sentenced nor Signed was mulcted accordingly as Colonel Hutchison having alike given proof his sorrow and detestation of that monstrous Fact William Lord Munson Iames Challoner Esq. deceased in the Tower Sir Hen. Mildmay Robert Wallop Esq. Sir Iames Harrington and Iohn Phelps another of the Clerks for sitting in the said pretended High Court of Iustice were by Act of Parliament deprived of their Estates and ordered to be drawn to Tiburn in Sledges with Ropes about their Necks as Traytors are used and so back again to the Tower there to be imprisoned during their natural Lives This is the perfect Catalogue and Character of these unfortunate men who in obedience to the said pretended Act or rather out of dread of Cromwel and his Red-coats though some others named in the said Act wisely withdrew themselves met according to appointment in Westminster-hall having adjourned thither from the Painted-Chamber where they had chosen Serjeant Bradshaw for their Bold President and had made Proclamation at the Palace-gate and in London for the Witnesses whom they had raked out of the refuse and most perdite sort of the People to be ready there with their evidence which Witnesses were numbered to near 40. So much for the preparation come we now to the perpetration The High Court of Iustice. On Saturday being the twentieth day of Ianuary 1648. Bradshaw President of the High Court of Iustice with about seventy of the Members of the said Court having Colonel Fox and sixteen Fellows with Partizans and a Sword born by Colonel Humphrey and a Mace by Serjeant Dendy with their and other Officers of the said Court marching before them came to the place ordered to be prepared for their sitting at the West-end of the great Hall in Westminster where the President in a Crimson-Velvet Chair fixed in the midst of the Court placed himself having a Desk with a Crimson-Velvet Cushion before him The rest of the Members placing themselves on each side of him upon the several seats or benches prepared and hung with Scarlet for that purpose and the Partizans dividing themselves on each side of the Court before them The Court being thus set and Silence made the Great Gate of the said Hall was set open to the end that all persons without exception desirous to see or hear might come into it upon which the Hall was presently filled and Silence again ordered This done Colonel Thomlinson who had the charge of the King as a Prisoner was commanded to bring him to the Court who within a quarter of an hours space brought him attended with about twenty Officers with Partizans marching before him there being Colonel Hacker and other Guard-men to whose care and custody he was then committed marching in his Rear Being thus brought up within the face of the Court the Serjeant at Arms with his Mace received and conducted him streight to the Bar where a Crimson-Velvet Chair was set for the King After a stern looking upon the Court and the people in the Galleries on each side of him he placed himself not at all moving his Hat or otherwise shewing the least respect to the Court but presently rose up again and turned about looking downwards upon the Guards placed on the left side and on the multitude of Spectators on the right side of the said great Hall After Silence made among the people the Act of Parliament for the Trying of Charles Stuart King of England was read over by the Clerk of the Court who sate on one side of the Table covered with a rich Turkey-carpet and placed at the feet of the said President upon which Table was also laid the Sword and Mace After reading the said Act the several names of the Commissioners were called over every one who was present rising up and answering to his call The King having again placed himself in his Chair with his face towards the Court Silence being again ordered the President stood up and said President Charles Stuart King of England The Commons of England Assembled in Parliament being deeply sensible of the Calamities that have been brought upon this Nation which is fixed upon you as the principal Author of it have resolved to make inquisition for Blood and according to that debt and duty they owe to Iustice to God the Kingdom and themselves and according to the Fundamental Power that rests in themselves They have resolved to bring you to Tryal and Iudgement and for that purpose have constituted this High Court of Justice before which you are brought This said Cook Sollicitor-General of the Commonwealth standing within a Bar on the right hand of the King offered to speak but the King having a staff in his hand held it up and laid it upon the said Cooks shoulder two or three times bidding him hold Nevertheless the President ordering him to go on he said Cook My Lord I am commanded to charge Charles Stuart King of England in the name of the Commons of England with Treason and high Misdemeanors I desire the said Charge may be read The said Charge
of the people let all England and the World Iudge King Sir under favour it was the Liberty Freedom and Laws of the Subject that ever I took defended my self with Arms I never took up Arms against the people but for my people and the Laws President The command of the Court must be obeyed no answer will be given to the Charge King Well Sir Then the President ordered the default to be recorded and the contempt of the Court and that no Answer would be given to the Charge And so the King was guarded forth to Sir Robert Cotton's house Then the Court adjourned to the Painted-chamber on Tuesday at twelve a clock and from thence they adjourned again to Westminster-hall at which time all persons concerned were to give their attendance At the High Court of Iustice sitting in Westminster-hall Tuesday January 23. 1648. O yes made Silence commanded The Court called seventy three persons present The King came in with his Guard looking with an austere countenance upon the Court and sate down Cook Sollicitor-General May it please your Lordship my Lord President This is now the third time that by the great grace and favour of this high Court the Prisoner hath been brought to the Bar before any Issue joyned in the Cause My Lord I did at the first Court Exhibit a Charge against him c. My Lord after this great delay of Justice I shall now humbly move your Lordship for speedy Judgment against him My Lord I might press your Lordship upon the whole according to the known Rules of the Law of the Land That if a Prisoner shall stand as contumacious in contempt and shall not put in an Issuable Plea Guilty or not Guilty of the Charge given against him whereby he may come to a fair Tryal that as by an implicite Confession it may be taken pro confesso as it hath been done to those who have deserved more fâ—vour than the Prisoner at the Bar has done but besides my Lord I shall humbly press your Lordship upon the whole Fact The House of Commons the supreme Authority and Jurisdiction of the Kingdom they have Declared that it is notorious that the matter of the Charge is true as it is in truth my Lord as clear as Crystal and as the Sun that shines at Noon-day which if your Lordship and the Court be not satisfied in I have notwithstanding on the People of Englands behalf several Witnesses to produce And thereâ—ore I do humbly pray and yet I must confess it is not so much I as the â—nnocent Blood that hath been shed the cry whereof is very great for Justice and Judgement and therefore I do humbly pray that speedy Judgement be pronounced against the prisoner at the Bar. President Sir you have heard what is moved by the Counsel on the behalf of the Kingdom against you Sir you may well remember and if you do not the Court cannot forget what Dilatory dealings the Court hath found at your hands You were told that it was not for you nor any other man to dispute the Jurisdiction of the Supreme and highest Authority of England from which there is no appeal and touching which there must be no dispute yet you did persist in such carriage as you gave no manner of obedience nor did you acknowledge any Authority in them nor the High Court that constituted this Court of Justice Sir I must let you know from the Court that they are very sensible of these delays of yours and that they ought not being thus Authorized by the Supreme Court of England to be thus trifled withal and that they might in Iustice if they pleased and according to the Rules of Iustice take advantage of the delays and proceed to pronounce Iudgement against you yet nevertheless they are pleased to give direction and on their behalfs I do require you that you make a positive Answer unto this Charge that is against you Sir in plain terms for Iustice knows no respect of persons you are to give your positive and final Answer in plain English whether you be Guilty or not Guilty of these Treasons laid to your charge The King after a little pause said When I was here yesterday I did desire to speak for the Liberties of the people of England I was interrupted I desire to know yet whether I may speak freely or not President Sir you have heard the resolution of the Court upon the like Question the last day and you were told that having such a Charge of so high a Nature against you and your Work was that you ought to acknowledge the Iurisdiction of the Court And to Answer to your Charge Sir if you Answer to your Charge which the Court gives you leave now to do though they might have taken the advantage of your contempt yet if you be able to Answer to your Charge when you have once Answered you shall be heard at large make the best Defence you can But Sir I must let you know from the Court at their commands that you are not to be permitted to issue out into other discourses till such time as you have given a positive Answer concerning the Matter that is Charged upon you King For the Charge I value it not a Rush it is the Liberty of the People of England that I stand for for me to acknowledge a new Court that I never heard of before I that am your King that should be an example to all the people of England to uphold Justice to maintain the old Laws indeed I do not know how to do it you spoke very well the first day that I came here on Saturday of the Obligations that I had laid upon me by God to the maintenance of the Liberties of my people The same Obligation you spake of I do acknowledge to God that I owe to Him and to my people to defend as much as in me lies the antient Laws of the Kingdom therefore until I may â—now that this is not against the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom by your fâ—voâ—r I can put in no particular Answer If you will give me time I will then shew you my Reasons why I cannot do it and this Here being interrupted he said Bâ— your favour you ought not to interrupt me how I came here I know noâ— thâ—re's no Law for it to make your King your Prisoner I was lately in a Treaty up on the publike Faith of the Kingdom that was the known the two Houses of Parliament that was the Representative of the Kingdom and when that I had almost made an end of the Treaty then I was hurried away and brought hither and therefore Here the President interrupted him and said Sir you must know the pleasure of the Court. King By your favour Sir President Nay Sir by your favour you may not be permitted to fall into these discourses you appear as a Delinquent you have not acknowledged
My thoughts and what hopes of Settlement is there so long as Power reigns without Rule or Law changing the whole frame of that Government under which this Kingdom hath flourished for many hundred years nor will I say what will fall out in case this lawless unjust Proceedings against me do go on And believe it the Commons of England will not thank you for this Change for they will remember how happy they have been of late years under the reign of Queen Elizabeth the King my Father and my Self until the beginning of these unhappy Troubles and will have cause to doubt that they shall never be so happy under any new And by this time it will be too sensibly evident that the Arms I took up were onely to defend the Fundamental Laws of this Kingdom against those who have supposed my Power hath totally changed the antient Government Thus having shewed you briefly the Reasons why I cannot submit to your pretended Authority without violating the Trust which I have from God for the Welfare and Liberty of my People I expect from you either clear Reasons to convince my Iudgement shewing me that I am in an Error and then truly I will Answer or that you will withdraw your proceedings ¶ This the King intended to speak in Westminster-hall on Monday Jan. 22. but against Reason was hindred The Proceedings of the High Court of Iustice sitting at Westminster-hall on Saturday the 27 of January 1648. O yes made Silence commanded The Court called Serjeant Bradshaw President in his Scarlet-Robe sutable to the work of this day with sixty eight other Members of the Court called As the King came into the Court in his usual posture with his Hat on a cry made in the Hall by some of the Souldiers for Iustice Iustice and Execution King I shall desire a word to be heard a little and I hope I shall give no occasion of interruption President You may Answer in your time hear the Court first King If it please you Sir I desire to be heard and I shall not give any occasion of interruption and it is onely in a word A sudden judgment President You shall be heard in due time but you are to hear the Court first King Sir I desire it it will be in order to what I believe the Court will say and therefore Sir a hasty Judgement is not so soon re-called President Sir you shall be heard before the Iudgement be given and in the mean time you may forbear King Well Sir shall I be heard before the Judgement given President Gentlemen it is well known to all or most of you here present That the Prisoner at the Bar â—ath been several times convented and brought before the Court to make Answer to a charge of Treason and other high Crimes exhibited against him in the name of the People of England to which Charge being required to Answer he hath been so far from obeying the commands of the Court by submitting to their Iustice as he began to take upon him to offer Reasoning and debate unto the Authority of the Court and of the highest Court that constituted them to try and judge him but being over-ruled in that and required to make his Answer he was still pleased to continue contumacious and to refuse to submit or Answer c. But Sir if you have any thing to say in defence of your self concerning the matter charged the Court hath given me command to let you know they will hear you King Since I see you will not hear any thing of debate concerning that which I confess I thought most material for the Peace of the Kingdom and for the Liberty of the Subject I shall wave it I shall speak nothing to it but onely I must-tell you that this many a day all things have been taken away from me but that that I call more dear to me than my life which is My Conscience and my Honour and if I had respect to my life more than the Peace of the Kingdoms and the Liberty of the Subject certainly I should have made a particular defence for my self for by that at least-wise I might have delayed an ugly Sentence which I believe will pass upon me therefore certainly Sir as a man that hath some understanding some knowledge of the world if that my Zeal to my Country had not over-born the care that I have of my own preservation I should have gone another way to work than that I have done Now Sir I conceive that an hasty Sentence once past may be sooner repented than recalled and truely the self-same desire that I have for the Peace of the Kingdom and the Liberty of the Subject more than my own particular does make me now at last desire that having somethimg to say that concerns both I desire before Sentence be given that I may be heard in the Painted Chamber before the Lords and Commons this delay cannot be prejudicial to you whatsoever I say if no Reason those that hear me must be Judges if it be Reason and real for the Welfare of the Kingdom and the Liberty of the Subject I am sure on it it is very well worth the hearing therefore I do conjure you as you love that you pretend I hope it is real the Liberty of the Subject the Peace of the Kingdom that you will grant me the hearing before any Sentence â—e passed I onely desire you will take this into your consideration it may be you have not heard of it beforehand if you will I 'le retire and you may think of it but if I cannot get this Liberty I do here protest that so fair shews of Liberty and Peace are pure shews and not otherwise and that you will not hear your KING President Sir you have now spoken King Yes Sir President And this that you have said is a further declining of the Iurisdiction of this Court which was the thing wherein you were limited before King Pray excuse me Sir for my interruption because you mistake me it is not a declining of it you do Judge me before you hear me speak I say it will not I do not decline it though I cannot acknowledge the Jurisdiction of the Court yet Sir in this give me leave to say I would do it though I did not acknowledge it in this I do protest it is not the declining of it since I say if that I do say any thing but that that is for the Peace of the Kingdom and the Liberty of the Subject then the shame is mine Now I desire that you will take this into your consideration if you will I 'll withdraw President Sir this is not altogether nâ—w that you have moved unto us not altogether new to us though the first time in person you have offered it to the Court Sir you say you do not Decline the Iurisdiction of the Court King Not in this that I have said President I understand you well
State-affairs to the settlement of the Nation and their Message to that purpose they had scornfully rejected not looking upon them as a part of the people but at one blow and with the breath of one Vote which imported that the House of Lords were useless and dangerous and so ought to be abolished they laid them aside having given order for an Act to be drawn up accordingly yet so far indulging their Honours the favour of any mean Subjects priviledge to be Elected either Knight or Burgess to serve in their House Against this civil and political Execution came forthwith likewise a Declaration and Protestation dated February the 8. in the name of the Nobility braving them with their illegal Trayterous Barbarous and bold saucy Usurpation with other arguments mingled with threats menaces invectives which will be too tedious to recite And indeed it was to little purpose then for it was too late to argue with or to Vapour against those men who were so Fortified in their new Empire by a so numerous and potent and well-paid Army Something might have been done when this Cockatrice was a hatching but now its angry looks were enough to kill those that enviously beheld it And to let them see how little they valued and how slightly they thought of the injury the Peers so highly urged they with the same easie demolition of Kingly-Government by a Vote that it is unnecessary burdensome and dangerous overwhelm the whole Fabrick together bidding them seek a place to erect their Monumental Lordships and Honour was never yet so neer a shaddow Now that they were thus possest of the whole entire Power and Authority for the better-exercise thereof and the speedier fruition of the sweets thereof they agree to part and divide the Province the Government among them To this end they concluded to erect an Athenian Tyranny of some 40 of them under the Name and Title of a Council of State to whom the Executive part of their Power should be committed while the Parliament as they called their Worships should exercise onely the Judicatory part thereof and so between them make quick work of their business in confounding and ruining the Kingdom And that they might likewise appear to the people as great preservers of the Laws and to study their weal in the due aministration of Justice their next care was for drawing up Commissions for the Judges which ran in the new stile of the Keepers of the Liberties of England by Authority of Parliament and to that purpose a Conference was had by a Committee with the Judges about it six whereof agreed to hold upon a Proviso to be made by an Act of the House of Commons that the Fundamental Laws should not be abolished a very weak security but that it met with strong and prepared confidence these were Lord Chief Justice Rolls and Justice Iermyn of the Kings-Bench Chief Justice Saint-Iohn and Justice Pheasant of the Common-Pleas and Chief Justice Wilde how he was made so Captain Burleigh tells us and Baron Yates the other six refused as knowing the Laws and the present Anarchy were incompatible and incapable of any expedient to sute them together But the one half was very fair and served to keep the Lawyers in practice and from dashing at their illegal Authority In pursuance of that promise made to those Judges that held and to deceive and cologne the people they Passed a Declaration That they were fully resolved to maintain and would uphold and maintain preserve and keep the Fundamental Laws of the Nation as to the preservation of the Lives Liberties and Properties of the People with all things incident thereunto saving those alterations concerning the King and House of Lords already made And yet notwithstanding they at the same time were Erecting High Courts of Justice impressed Sea-men and levied illegal Taxes by Souldiers and many other Enormities But it seems those Judges were content with the preservation of the litigious part of the Law extending this Proviso no further than to the private disputes of Meum Tuum whilst this publike Monster swallowed all Having thus establisht themselves in the Civil Power with some face of a Democratical Authority they proceeded to other Acts of State to give reputation to themselves and strength to their Government the first whereof was their Voting a New stamp for Coyn whereby their Soveraignty might be notified to all the world in the Trade and traffique thereof Next designing several Agents and Envoys to go to the Courts of Forrain Princes and there by their specious challenges and shews of Liberty and publike good the pretence of the Law of Nations peculiarly the Municipal Laws of this to palliate over the Justifie their unparallell'd proceedings against the King of which Messengers we shall presently speak And so we shall for a while leave these Usurpers amidst the several Complements given them by way of Salutation from the Army and Sectarian party under the yet-continued Notion of the Godly who forsooth highly magnified their Justice in this and urged them in their Addresses to extend it further About this time the Parliament Nulled the Monthly Fast on Wednesday which had continued through all the War thinking to impose upon the people as if God had answered all their prayers in that Murther of the King and that the work of Reformation was now accomplished It was high time therefore for such of the Kings party as were in their hands to look about them for besides the rise and most certain rumour of a general Massacre intended against the whole which was debated at a Council of War and carried but by two Votes they had special information of proceedings to be had against them in the same way of Tryal before a High Court of Justice First therefore Colonel Massey escapes away from Saint Iames's just upon the Kings Death next Sir Lewis Dives and Master Holden being brought to White-hall upon examination pretending to ease themselves got down the Common-shore to the Water-side and escaped leaving their Warders in the lurch and to a vain research after them The Lord Capel likewise made a handsome escape out of the Tower but passing by Water to Lambeth in the Boat of one Davis a Water-man and unhappily and fatally casting out some words by way of enquiry of the said Lord the wicked villain suspecting the truth seized him at Lambeth from whence he was re-conveyed to the same Prison in order to his speedy Tryal his Betrayer being preferred by the Parliament became the scorn and contempt of every body and lived afterward in shame and misery And the Lord of Loughborough Brother to Ferdinando then Earl of Huntingdon famous for several Loyal Services but most maligned by the Parliament for the last effort thereof at Colchester gave them also the slip from Windsor-Castle where he and the Colonels Tuke Hamond and Francis Heath newly at liberty upon his parole to
Loyalty the Bonfires continuing till day-break fed by a constant supply of Wood and maintained with an equal excess of gladness and fewel Thus far this memorable and miraculous Affair hath carried me not willing to break off the gladsome speculation and review of his glory and happy Influences I must now a little retrospect to what passed at home in the Parliament and Kingdome Several Acts were in agitation one for removing and preventing all questions and disputes concerning the Sitting and Assembling of this present Parliament as also that of Oblivion and Indempnity and another for Sales and Purchases and in the mean while it was ordered by the Lords That a stop be put to the demolishing defacing or committing wast in any Houses or Lands belonging to his Majesty and that no Wood nor Timber should be felled and the like done in the Lands belonging to the Duke of Buckingham the Lord Craven and Sir Iohn Stawel The Commons ordered Ten thousand pounds to be sent as a present to the Duke of York also that the Scotch Colours taken at Preston Dunbar and Worcester and hung up in Westminster-hall should be taken down which was accordingly executed and the Kings Arms placed in the Courts of Judicature Col. Harrison one of the Kings most malicious Judges was apprehended in Staffordshire and brought up to London and by his Excellencies Order Committed to the Tower while Whitehall was then a preparing for his Majesty The House of Commons taking into consideration the business of the Piedmont-Collection-money declared their detestation and abhorrence of the diversion of the said Money from the charitable uses to which pretendedly it was designed The King was Proclaimed with great joy throughout the Nation while divers of the Kings Judges out of consciousness of their guilt escaped beyond Sea In Ireland also the King was by the Convention there Assembled Proclaimed with the usual Ceremonies Several of the eminentest of that Nation were also ordered to be sent to his Majesty in the name of that Kingdome with a present of Four thousand pound to the Duke of York so sympathetically did the Irish Harp move with the same touches on the English The most Illustrious Princes the Dukes of York and Gloucester went to the House of Lords and there took their places whither the next day came the King himself by Water in the Brigandine which brought him aboard the Charles from Holland the Yeomen of the Guard making a lane the Heralds at Arms in their rich Coats the Maces and the Lord General Bare-headed before him being seated the Commons were called to whom the King in a Speech pressed very much the Act of Oblivion and Signed some Bills viz. One for Confirmation of the Parliament Another for the Tax of Seventy thousand pounds per Mensem for three Moneths from the 24 of Iune A third for continuance of Process and Judicial Proceedings and then returned to Whitehall where he chose the Lords of his Privy Council among whom were several of the Long Parliament His Majesty also graciously and judiciously provided for the Benches and Courts of Judicature for the Chancery the Lord Chancellour Hide for the Rolls the Lord Culpepper who soon after dyed and the place was by the Kings favour bestowed on Sir Harbottle Grimstone for the Kings Bench Sir Robert Foster Justice Mallet and Sir Thomas Twisden in the Common-Pleas Justice Atkins and in the Exchequer Sir Orlando Bridgeman Sir Ieoffry Palmer Attorney and Sir Heneage Finch Sollicitor-General Mr. Iohn Heath son of Sir Robert Atturney to the Dutchy But of this a fuller account Several Persons guilty of the Murther of King Charles the First making their escapes beyond Sea a Proclamation drawn up by the Parliament was published by his Majesty summoning the persons therein named who sate gave Judgment and Assisted in that horrid and detestable Fact to render themselves within Fourteen days after the Publication of that His Majesties Royal Proclamation to the Speaker or Speakers of the Parliament or to the Lord Mayor of London or to the respective Sheriffs of the Counties of England and Wales and that no person should presume to conceal or harbour them under misprision of Treason whereupon divers came in and submitted and were secured in the Tower Several Addresses were made to the King from the Nobility and Gentry of all the Counties congratulating his Majesties Restitution to his Throne and Kingdoms and testifying their exceeding joy and willingness to maintain his Majesties Royal Person and Authority Divers eminent persons for their service and affection to his Majesty were honoured with Knighthood The House of Commons ordered that others besides the Actual Judges of the King should be excepted out of the Act of Oblivion which was now very far proceeded in as namely Andrew Broughton Phelps Iohn Cook Hugh Peters and Edward Denby This so affrighted others who had a hand in that execrable business that Colonel Iohn Hutchinson a Member in this Parliament and Colonel Francis Lassells Petitioned the House confessing their guilt and withal the Artifices that were used to draw them in and by this submission obtained Pardon upon some forfeitures Hugh Peters was taken about this time in Southwarke at first he denyed his Name but being brought before Sir Iohn Robinson then made Lieutenant of the Tower he was known and acknowledged himself and was there secured The Parliament thought not themselves nor the people of England freed from that guilt and punishment which our unhappy times had contracted unless they laid hold on his Majesties Grace mentioned in his Declaration from Breda and therefore Resolved That the House doth declare that they do in the Name of themselves and all the Commons of England lay hold on his Majesties gracious Pardon mentioned in his Declaration with reference to the excepting of such as shall be excepted in an Act of Pardon and accordingly a Declaration was made and presented to the King by Master Denzill Hellis His Majesty was graciously pleased to signifie his readiness and willingness to comply with that his Royal Word and gave direction for a Proclamation to that purpose In the mean while several of the eminentest in Offices under the Usurpation to make sure of this Grace offered from Breda got their particular Pardons exemplified under the Great Seal of England as they were well advised by the notoriety of their Guilt and their distrustful Consciences to secure and discharge which trouble the King was more than ordinary pressing for a speedy Passing of the Act of Oblivion as on the other side his Sentiments of those services to his Restitution gave him the immediate resolutions of dignifying those Illustrious Personages who most instrumentally and principally did accomplish it And therefore on the 12 of Iuly he honoured the most noble General Monck with the Titles of Duke of Albemarle which Dutchy formerly was appropriate to the Blood Royal and was extinct in the Reign of Henry the
over the Severn Trent and Tine and Baston in Lincolnshire for a Sea-port to receive Succours out of Holland and other Foreign parts All the Gentry were to be secured and persons were dispatch'd abroad for assistance York they aim'd at but of Hull they absolutely despair'd as Walters affirmed who to give him his due dealt most sincerely Their pretences were to have been the opposal of Excise Subsidies c. to re-establish a Gospel-Magistracie and Ministry to restore the Long Parliament and lastly to curb the Gentry Clergy and Lawyers Fifteen of the seventeen first arraigned were found guilty the chiefest of whom was one Captain Oates Afterwards several others were arraigned who farther confessed how the Designe had been carried on by a private Committee at London That Lambert or Ludlow was propos'd for to have headed them That the Rising was to have begun in Ireland to have followed in England and then in Scotland Of these Cotton Denham and Atkins were the chief who all behaved themselves with a notorious insolence Cotton protesting that he valued his life no more than the Judge did his Handkerchief There was also among them one Corney a Preaching Anabaptist Most of them being convicted and condemned were afterwards executed some at York some at Leeds and others in other places Immediately after this Iames Turner a person for nothing more known than for the confidence of his behaviour came upon the Stage to plead for himself who had been a Sollicitor for others before he was Indicted for Felony and Burglary as one that had robb'd his own most intimate friend Mr. Samuel Tryon breaking into his house and binding him in his bed and then rifling away what he pleased in the house the matter of fact was so ill defended by a tedious Speech of his own that he was condemned and shortly after executed in Leaden-hall-street near Lime-street-end But to go on where this necessary digression interrupted me and to shew how the links of their treasonable Combination hung together at London shortly after was tried a Printer for having had a hand in Printing one of the most execrable Libels that was ever brought to light being a designe all at once upon the Life Honor Authority and Royal Family of the King wherein there was a general Call to a Rising in these very words If there be any City Town or County in the three Nations that will begin this Righteous and Glorious Work referring to the word Revolt they may be assured c. It was also ordered to have met the day appointed for the general Rising He was found Guilty of having advisedly and malitiously Printed the said Libel and was thereupon adjudged to be drawn hanged and quartered After him a Printer a Bookseller and a Book-binder were tri'd for a Misdemeanor found Guilty and fin'd the one a hundred Mark the other two forty Mark apiece all of them to stand in the Pillory and be return'd to Prison till the next Sessions and then to confess their faults in such manner as the Court should direct and to put in Security 400 lib. for themselves and 200 lib. for their Surety never to Print sell or publish any Book but such as should be by Law appointed The prementioned condemn'd Printer was executed accordingly The three others stood in the Pillory in Smithfield and before the Royal-Exchange their Offence being expressed in these words For selling and uttering malitious scandalous and seditioâ—s Books against the King the State and Peace of the Kingdom Nor must we omit the particular Acts of Providence as well as those which are universal A Story very observable in the preservation of divers Persons of Quality in a house in Holborne who being there met to a considerable number a Link-boy passing under the wall of the House observ'd the House failing who thereupon immediately ran in and bid the Company be gone for the House was falling upon their heads And so returning at the same instant and the Company following him as fast as they could they were no sooner out and clear of the door but the house fell indeed to the ground without any harm to the Company This Month an Antient Gentleman a Portugueze lodging in Hart-street in Covent-Garden having been abroad at his Devotions sent his Servant out to provide him some Fish for his Dinner which being dress'd and serv'd up a little while after the people of the house heard the report of a Pistol but took no farther notice of it A while after that the Gentlemans Servant a Portugueze likewise called Peter Caesar came down and sate to Dinner with the people of the house where he staid most part of the afternoon and then went abroad and came in again Toward the evening he went forth another time and caused a Porter to bring home a large Chest which being carried up stairs the Boy drew it into his Masters Chamber and a good while after called the Porter to help him down with it which he did accordingly But the Chest proving too heavy for the Porter and the Youth another Porter was call'd and so they carried it away to the water-side where it was put into a Boat and the Boy bidding the Water-man cross the water pretending he was to receive mony for the Goods in the Chest from a person that was to meet him there staid a while but no body coming at length in a rage to see himself disappointed caus'd the fellow to row him back again and by the way slipp'd the Chest into the Thames and left it as in a fury to see himself sent of an Errand to so little purpose After this the Boy returned to his Masters Lodging but some blood being discovered upon the stairs the fellow was apprehended next morning the Chest being taken up and opened there was found the body of his Master shot through the head That which moved him to this horrid Villany was a sum of mony between 3 and 400 hundred pound which his Master wore about him in a List. He was afterwards condemn'd and executed at Tyburn Upon the Nineteenth of March the Lord Holles Embassador from his Majesty to the French King received his Audience at Chasteauneuf with great Justice to the Royal Dignity of his Master and with honourable respect to himself The sum of what his Excellencie delivered which was in English tending principally to signifie his Royal Masters Intentions to preserve an Amity and fair Correspondence with that King upon confidence of the like from his Christian Majesty To which the French King's Reply was briefly That his Excellencie might assure his Master the King of Great Britain of as much from himself concluding with some expressions of particular respects to the Person of the English Embassador And it was observable that none of the Princes of the Blood who had got the precedencie of several Embassadors of late years were there to dispute it with Ours This Month the King
room But now to take the charge from-both the Lord Roberts arrives at Dublin Upon the news of this change the Lord Mayor and Aldermen the Provost of the Colledge the Dean of Christ-Church and most of the Clergy attended the Lord Ossory where the one acknowledged the many benefits which the City had received from the Government of his Father and himself the other the many benefits which the Church had enjoy'd as well by their good Examples as by the plentiful provision made them by the Clergy The reception of the new Lord-Deputy was intended to have been made with much State and Solemnity but he waving those publick Honours met the Lord-Deputy and the Council at the Council-Chamber the same Evening after his arrival where after he had taken the usual Oath the Lord-Deputy deliver'd him the Sword He was no fooner enter'd upon his Government but he issu'd out a Proclamation commanding all Governors and Officers to repair to their several Charges and Duties not admitting any dispâ—nsation to the contrary London had long layn in Ashes and the Confluence of all the World had been as long confin'd within the narrow limits of a Colledge-Court but now again the Merchants to their great satisfaction and the lasting Merits of Sir William Turner then Lord Mayor whose indâ—â—aâ—igable paâ—â— and zeal was Eminent in advancing and forwarding so great a Work met in the Royal Exchange a Fabrick equal to the Honour of the Undertakers and holding a true proportion with the rest of the Goodly Buildings of the Reviving City But now men began to listen after things a higher Nature seeing both Houses of Parliament again Assembled upon the 19th of October The King in a Speech acquainted them With his joy to see them at that time and the hopes he had of a happy meeting which he promis'd himself from the great experience he had of their Affection and Loyalty of which he did not doubt the Continuance briefly minding them of his Debts which though pressing he was unwilling to call for their Assistance till this time acquainâ—ing them also that what they last gave was wholly apply'd to the Navy and to the Extraordinary Fleet for which it was intended desiring they would now take his Debts effectually into their Consideration Afterwards hinting to them a Proposal of great Importance concerning the Vniting of England and Scotland which because it requir'd some length he left that and some other things to the Lord Keeper to open more fully which was by him done and then both Houses Adjourn'd At the beginning of November both Houses in pursuance of a Vote which they had made attended the King in the Banqueting House where the Lord Chief Justice Vaughan supplying the Room of the Lord Keeper in the name of both Houses return'd their Humble Thanks to the King for his Care of the Publick in Issuing out his Proclamation for the suppressing of Conventicles Humbly desiring his Majesty to continue the same care for the future In Reply to which his Majesty return'd an Answer to the satisfaction of both Houses But now Christmas drawing near and having sate above a Month without effecting any thing of consequence the Lords sent the Usher of the Black-Rod to the House of Commons to tell them That by Vertue of the King's Commission they desird their Attendance who Attending accordingly with their Speaker the Commission was read and the Parliament Prorogu'd till the 24th of February next ensuing At the same time that the Parliament of England sate at Westminster the Parliament of Scotland sate at Edenburgh where the Earl of Lauderdale having taken the Chair of State as Lord Commissioner of Scotland the Earls Commission was first read and then the doubtful Elections of Members refer'd to Examination That done the Kings Letter to the Parliament was twice read seconded by a shorter from the Lord Chancellor perswading them to a concurrence with the King in his Design of Uniting the Two Kingdoms Then they proceeded to Elect the Lords of the Articles the Bishops choosing Eight Bishops and those Eight Eight of the Nobility and these Sixteen making choice of Eight Knights and as many Burgesses by whom all Affairs were to be prepar'd for the House During this Session they Publish'd an Act for the Naturalization of Strangers within the Kingdom of Scotland Declaring that all Strangers of the Protestant Religion that should think fit to bring their Estates into the said Kingdom or should come to set up new Works and Manufactures therein should be Naturaliz'd as Native-Born Subjects of that Kingdom to all intents and purposes The King farther Declaring That upon application by such Strangers made to him he would grant them the free and publick use of their Religion in their own Language and the Libertie of having Churches of their own However no persons were to have the benefit of the said Act till first by Petition to the Lords of the Privy-Council containing an exact designation of their Names and places of Birth and former residences and that tâ—ey be of the Protâ—stant Religion They also made another Act asserting his Majesty's Supremacy over all persons and in all Causes Ecclesiastical By Sea little was this Year done only Sir Thomas Allen being again sent with a Squadron of Ships about the beginning of August came before Argier and sending in his Boat began to Treat they in Argier seem'd willing to make restitution of such Money as they had taken from an English ship bound for the East-Indies but not agreeing to some other demands the Treaty prov'd ineffectual thereupon he began actual Hostility seizing a Bark laden with Corn which rode in the Bay with eleven Moors and a Brigantine which he took in view of the Town From hence having done little or nothing else considerable he set sail for Tripoly the Bashaw of which place sent him an assurance of his readyness to prâ—serve Peace and a good Correspondence with the King of Great Britain And after a short crusing up and down in those Seas he return'd for Cadiz where this Year leaves him But being now so neer the English Territories at Tangier the King of England's Embassador Mr. Henry Howard must not be forgot who being sent by the King his Embassador Extraordinary to the Emperour of Morocco at that time Taffalette by vertue of his new Conquests was now arriv'd at Tangier but understanding the danger of hazarding his person among those Barbarians stay'd at that place expecting a sufficient strength to convoy and conduct him to his place of Audience In November he receiv'd his Safe-Conduct with an assurance from the Emperour that he should not fail of receiving all satisfaction in order to whatsoever he should desire for his security and that he had already caus'd Justice to be done to such as were found guilty of giving any affronts to his people And true it was that he caus'd all the English which were taken by the
with him hasts to the St. George and puts up the Flag which when the Earl of Ossory saw who had in the mean time brought new Foresails to his Yards he sent Norborough to tell him that if he would he would set upon Tromp and board him if he had assistance Sprague praises his resolution bids him go on and he would immediately be with him But his suddain death was the loss of a Noble Designe For he had not been long aboard the St. George when through the loss of her Main-mast he was forc'd to forsake her too and as he was going aboard the Royal Charles the Boat being shatter'd to pieces by an accidental shot he was himself drown'd in the Ocean over which he had so often Triumph'd After Sprague's ship had lost her Masts Tromp confident of carrying her bore up briskly and gave her a Broad-side and brought up two Fire-ships but all in vain for as he pass'd by he was so severely gall'd by the Earl of Ossory that he had hardly time to discharge six of his own Guns Neither did the Earl of Ossory leave the Flag-ship till he saw her tow'd off by the Hampshire Tromp sufficiently wearied having got his Squadron together at first retir'd but when he saw De Ruyter coming toward him he stay'd By and by the Prince was to be discern'd a far off with his Squadron who had born the brunt of the Zealand-Squadron and De Ruyter all the day for the French having gain'd the Wind in the beginning of the Fight never came in but at two of the clock the Prince and De Ruyter as it were by consent seem'd to leave off for both being sollicitous for the rest of their Fleets whom they saw afar off sail'd peaceably and directed their course toward their Friends though all the while within Cannon-shot But now De Ruyter being joyn'd with his own falls upon the Blue endeavouring to separate that Squadron from the Prince but in vain the Prince making all haste to come in and the other seasonably joyning with him Then began a most sharp dispute on both sides at what time the Prince sending two Fire-ships guarded by Captain Leg upon the Enemy put them into such a confusion that had the French then come in being as they were Masters of the Wind the Dispute with the Dutch concerning the Dominion of the Sea had certainly been at an end The Dutch lost two Flag-Officers several Captains and about 1000 Common Seamen Among the English Sprague was much lamented Captain Neve was slain Reeves and Heywood died of their Wounds Of the French but one Commander slain The loss of Common English Seamen was not so great being chiefly in the Earl of Ossory's and Sir Edward Sprague's ships About the middle of Iune the Lord Clifford of Chudleigh resign'd his Staff as Lord-Treasurer into the King's hands and Sir Thomas Osborn created Viscount Osborn of Dumblaine in Scotland and afterwards Earl of Danby in England was made Lord-Treasurer in his room Upon the 10 th of October the Parliament meeting according to their last Adjournment were Prorogu'd by Commission till the 27 th of the same Moneth then meeting again they were prorogu'd till the seventh of Ianuary following After which the King having taken the Great Seal from the Earl of Shaftsbury gave it to his Attorney-General Sir Heneage Finch afterwards created Lord Daventry in the County of Northampton Soon after His Majesty was pleas'd to call before him in Council the two Lord chief-Chief-Justices and the Lord Chief-Baron commanding them to consider of the most effectual means for putting the Laws in Execution for preventing the growth of Popery and at the same time ordered that no Roman-Catholick or so reputed should presume after the 18 th of November to come into his presence to his Palace or where his Court should be and the Lord-Steward and Lord-Chamberlain of the Houshold were ordered to see the same effectually put in execution And by further Order a little after forbid them to come neer St. Iames's House or into the Park Immediately after in pursuance of his Gracious Assurance to both Houses of Parliament His Majesty issued out his Royal Proclamation to the same effect further requiring the Judges and all Justices of the Peace to take effectual care for the prosecution of all Papists and Popish Recusants according to the Laws and Statutes of the Realm About the latter end of November the Dutchess of Modena arriving at Dover in order to her Intermarriage with his Royal Highness the Duke of York was there met by the Duke and some few days after coming from Gravesend to London by Water was by his Majesty and divers of the Nobility met in Barges upon the River and so conducted to White-hall where after her Royal Highness had been received in the most obliging and kinde manner by her Majesty she was conducted to St. Iames's Within few days after their Royal Highnesses gave Audience to the French Portugal Swedish and Danish Embassadors as likewise to the Residents of Venice and Newburgh who all went to Complement them upon their late Marriage About this time his Majesty the great numbers of extraordinary Servants that had been sworn and admitted into his Service who making use of the Protections they receiv'd thereby did obstruct the due course of Law issued forth an Order in Council whereby all persons that did not by vertue of their Places receive Fee Wages Salary Diet or Board-wages should be absolutely disabled from making use of any Protection whatsoever for the future to save them from the prosecution of their Creditors From Tangier came Intelligence that the Earl of Middleton Governour understanding the defeat and death of Gayland and the great success of Muly Ishmael in those parts and having receiv'd a kinde Letter from the said Muly Ishmael purporting his great desire to be in Amity with the Governour and a proposition of sending Commissioners to treat with him accordingly appointed Major White Alderman Read and Mr. Wollaston for that purpose with full power and Instructions to conclude a Peace and Treaty of Commerce and particularly for the Redemption of the Captives in Sally wherein the Earl doubted not the same success as he had had with Gayland above a year before with whom he had made so firm a Peace that the Moors and Inhabitants of Tangier convers'd together as if they had been one Nation Notwithstanding the vigour and fury of the War yet neither in the height of this years Preparation nor Action were the thoughts of Peace laid aside but rather all endeavours tending thereto vigorously pursued To this purpose a Treaty was concluded on between the King of England and the Dutch whereat the Allies of both Parties were to be present The place accepted of by the King of England was Cologne whither by the middle of Summer and some before came all the Plenipotentiaries of the several Confederates For the King of Great Britain Sir Ioseph Williamson and Sir
and that he did not receive the profits of it But the Emperour denied he knew of his being a Plenipotentiary and that it was not for one of his Subjects to take up Interests contrary to the Interest of his Soveraign and would not hear of his Release During these Treaties the King of France had possess'd himself of a great part of the Palatinate and had put a Garrison into Germerstein of 300 Souldiers yet proffered the Elector if he would stand Neuter to satisfie him for all his Damages and to withdraw his Souldiers out of Gemerstein and put it into the Hands of any Neutral Prince of the Empire which he refus'd upon Caprara's coming to his Succour The Switzers to hinder the King of France from coming into Burgundy offered that Burgundy might stand Neutur proffering themselves security that that Province should punctually observe the Neutrality and that they would guard the Avenues into it against any Forces of the Empire And thus stood Affairs at the end of this year Anno Dom. 1674. PEace being now concluded between the English and the Dutch this Year was not memorable for much at home The first motion of the Court this Moneth was to Windsor where the Earl of Mulgrave was Install'd Knight of the Garter This Moneth also the King by his Embassador the Lord Lockhart offer'd his Mediation between the King of France and the Queen of Spain to compose the differences betwixt them And to the end he might be no way concern'd in their differences by publick Proclamation forbid any of his Subjects to enter into the Service of any forrain Prince He also set forth a Proclamation forbidding the broaching and uttering false and scandalous News as also against any that should talk impertinently of the Government or the Governours In May Sir Lionel Ienkins and Sir Ioseph Williamson return'd to London from Cologne Who were followed into England by the Baron de Reed Van Benninghen and Van Haren Extraordinary Embassadors from the States of Holland In Iune came a strict Proclamation against the Jesuites and Friests Commanding their discovery and apprehension and promising five pounds for every one that should be discovered and taken Toward the beginning of September upon Resignation of the Duke of Buckingham the Duke of Mâ—nmouth was made Chancellor of the University of Cambridge The Ceremony was performed with all its circumstances at Worcester-house in London Not long after the Right Honourable the Earl of St. Albans having resign'd into his Majesty's Hands the Staff of Office of Lord-Chamberlain of his Majesties Houshold his Majesty was pleas'd to give it to the Right Honourable the Earl of Arlington in recompence of his long and faithful Services and particularly for having performed to his Majesties satisfaction for the space of twelve years the Offiâ—e of Principal Secretary of State which his Majesty was pleas'd to conâ—er at the same time upon the Right Honourable Sir Ioseph Williamson Knight one of the Clerks then of his Majesties most Honourable Privy-Council for his long and faithful service in the said Office under Sir Edward Nicholas and the Earl of Arlington and in his place Philip Lloyd Esq was sworn one of the Clerks of the Privy-Council Upon the 22 of September his Majesty was pleas'd to cause a Proclamation to be published for the further prorogation of the Parliament from the 10 th of November till the 13 th of April ensuing In the beginning of December the Earls of Ossory and Arlington together with the Heer Odike not long before Extraordinary Embassador in England arrived at the Hagne where they went to pay their Respects to the Prince of Orange About the same time was concluded between his Majesties Commissioners and those of the States General of the Vnited Provinces a Treaty Marine for all parts of the World in pursuance of the 8 th and 9 th Articles of the late Treaty of Peace made at Westminster the February before and was after ratifi'd by the States in the beginning of February following Presently after His Majesty having been graciously pleased to Translate the Right Reverend Father in God Dr. Crew Bishop of Oxford and Clerk of the Closet to his Majesty to the Sea of Durham made choice of the Honourable Dr. Compton Brother to the Right Honourable the Earl of Northampton to succeed in his place Toward the middle of December His Majesty having been pleased at his entertainment at Guild-Hall when Sir Robert Viner was newly Lord-Mayor of the City graciously and freely to condescend to the acceptance of the Freedom of London in the Chamberlains Office from the Hands of Sir Thomas Player Chamberlain beyond the Example of any of his Predecessors The said Sir Robert Viner Lord-Mayor thereupon having first obtained his Majesties leave presented his Majesty in the Name of the City with the Copy of the Freedom in a large square Box of Massie Gold the Seal of the Freedom hanging at it enclosed in a Box of Gold set all over with large Diamonds Toward the beginning of Ianuary Her Royal Highness was brought to Bed of a Daughter Christen'd at St. Iames's by the Bishop of Durham by the Name of Catherina Laura the Duke of Monmouth being God-father and the Lady Mary and the Lady Anne God-mothers The Term begining at the latter end of Ianuary Sir Francis North the King's Attorney-General was sworn Lord chief-Chief-Justice of the Common-Pleas in the room of Sir Iohn Vaughan deceased In the beginning of February his Majesty caused several Orders and Resolutions concerning Papists to be publish'd That the Conviction of Popish Recusants should be encouraged quickned and made Effectual That no Person of what Condition or Quality soever should presume to say Mass in any part of this Kingdom That all Persons born within His Majesties Dominions being in Orders by Authority deriv'd from the Church of Rome should depart the Kingdom by a short time prefix'd That none of His Majesties Subjects should presume to send their Children to be Educated in any Popish Colledges or Seminaries upon a strict Penalty That none of his Majesties Subjects being Popists or so reputed should presume to come into His Majesties Presence into White Hall St. James's or any place where His Majesties Court should be And Lastly That care should be taken for the suppression of Conventicles Forrein Affairs 1674. The first thing that presented it self of most Importance beyond Sea this Year was that the King of France gave order to quit all his Conquests in the Netherlands belonging to the States of Holland except Maestricht The States also to be rid of so great a trouble as the Bishop of Munsteri makes Peace with him the Baron D' Issola signing the Articles on the behalf of the Emperor The chief Articles whereof were That the Bishop should restore all places taken during the War That the Treaty of Cleves should be punctually observ'd And that the King of
Corn. After this followed the surrender of Treves to the Imperialists upon Articles of which one was That Crequy who had escaped thither from his Rout should be a Prisoner of War In September the Duke of Lorrain departed this life at Hermansteine neer Coblentz Farther off the King of Poland removed a very great Storm that threatned his Dominions by a very great overthrow of the Tartars wherein a great number of them were slain with the loss of their chief Standard which struck such a terrour into the Turks that with their Captain Ishmael Bassa they made a shameful Retreat out of the Polish Territories But the Low Countries had a worse Enemy to deal with for the Sea breaking into North-Holland the Inundation continued with that violence that many of the Cities of North-Holland had a great share of that Calamity The Harlemeer-Dyke was broken and all the Country round about lay under Water so that many of the Boors Houses were drown'd being covered with the Sea The same Fate befel South-Holland and it is said that had the Inundation continu'd 24 hours longer the whole Country would have run a hazard of being lost And thus you have an account in brief of all the most memorable Transactions since the greatest act of Providence that has been observed for many Ages The happy Restauration of his Majesty And we may aver that here is nothing but Truth if all the publick Intelligence of so many years have not fail'd This is then a Story in dead Colours it behoves them that will lay it in the lively Painting to take more pains than may be thought has here been taken and have greater helps than it was possible for us to have to make use of And therefore if there be any that with the Knowledge of a Privy-Councellor and the Eloquence of a Salust will undertake to cull out the most important Actions which are here reduc'd into order ready to his hand for some of these he must take or be silent and compile them into a judicious History we are ready to vail Bonnet in the mean time these few Sheets may pass for Common Satisfaction FINIS AN ALPHABETICAL TABLE A ABingdon-Garrison Page 70 Aberdeen and St. Andrews yielded 302 Abjuration of the King by the Rump 436 Account of the Dutch War from 315 c. to 323. Their Intrigues with forrein Princes and at home 323. of the Revenue and Charge of the Kingdom under the Vsurpation of Oliver 415 Act against proclaiming of the King 225. For Assessment 235. For sale of Cavaliers Estates ibid. Executed 303. For Marriages 351. For Irish Adventurers and Allotments 352. Several confirmed 500. Against Bishops repealed 501. Pretended of annulling the Title of the King 383 Accidents 315 Addresses how begun 67. To Cromwel upon the dissolution of the Parliament 343. To Richard 410. To the Rump from forrain Princes 423. To the Rump by the Army 422. to the King from the Nobility and Gentry of the whole Kingdom 452 Adjutators 127 forbid Adventurers for Ireland 352 Aix la Chappelle Treaty there 570 Alarm in London 403 Albans Earl 455 made Lord-Chamberlain 580 Allen Sir Thomas Lord Mayor of London 428 Allen Captain sent for the Streights 528. Allen Sir Thomas makes peace with Algiers 569. Lies before Algier 575. Algier Men of War destroyed by the English 578. Returns ibid. Albemarle's stay in London 539. General at Sea 550. One of the Commissioners of the Treasury 563. Dies 575. His Dutchess dies ibid Anabaptism the uppermost Religion 431 Andrews proclaims the Abolishing of Kingly Government and made Lord Mayor 231 Andrews Colonel beheaded 270 Anniversary Act of the King's Nativity 456 Anthony Sir Ashley-Cooper 427 Approbation of Ministers 359 Arches Triumphal 475 to 479 Ards Lord 240 Arguments for Cromwel's accepting the Kingship 386 to 390 Argyle a Privy Councellor sides with the Assembly 8. Policy and shifts 304. Marquiss seized 470. Beheaded 497 Arlington Earl sent into Holland 586. made Lord Chamberlain 599. Sent into France ibid. Armagh Arch-bishop dies 380 Armstrong Sir Thomas joyns with the Marquiss of Ormond 240 Army English very gallant and resolute 10. Parliament Army raised 36. New moduled 67. Quarrel with the Parliament about Irish Transportation and publickly declare their power over them 132. Purging the House ib. Pretend civilities to the King 132 to 136. Designe upon the City and claim the Militia 136. Declaration and insolence 140. Triumphantly through London 141. Delude the King Their Proposals 145 to 147. Suppress a Rising in London 170. Quarter in London Whitehal and the Mews 192. And force the Parliament ibid. Shipt for Ireland at Milford-Haven 237. English advance into Scotland 268. Face the Scots 272. Remonstrance to Richard 416. Their address to the Rump 422. Their representation to the Rump 428. New moulded by Lambert 429. Declaration upon outing the Rump ibid. Their Address joyfully receiving the King's Declaration 466. Disbanded 456 Array Commission 27 Articles of Scotch Cessation 15 Arundel Earl made General of the English 9 Arundel Castle taken by Sir William Waller 56 Ascham slain in Spain 236 Ashley Sir Bernard at Naseby 79. Mortally Wounded at Bristol 84 Ashley Sir Jacob defeated at Stow in the Wold 96. Deserts Newcastle 13 Ashby de la Zouch 97 Ashburnham Mr. John 99 Ashbâ—â—nham Mr. William 148 Aske Iudge 254 Assembly General indicted and meet by their own Authority packt and made up oâ— Lay-Elders refuse the Bishops to sit buâ— cite them to answer as Guilty dissolved within 7 days but continue nevertheless 8. Assembly of Divines 69. General in Scotland 325 Ashton Colonel Edward Quartered 404 Aston Sir Arthur Governour slain at Drogheda 244 Aubigny Lord 41. His Lady 47 Aurange Prince the Kings great Friend 235 dies and a new Prince born 276. Christned 282. Old Prince buried 284. His Interest in Holland 323 Avignon Sedition there 533. Peace composed 570 Axtel Guards the High Court of Iustice 205 Ayscue Sir George at Barbadoes 306. Returns to Plymouth 322. At Dover ibid. In danger Engageth De Ruyter at Plymouth and discharged 323. Prisoner 551 B Badajox Marquiss killed 383 Balmerino Lord his Treason 4 Baggot Kath. Ballishanon 241 242 251 Banbury 108 Barnstable 99 106 Barbadoes reduced 306. Wonder 526. Attempted by De Ruyter 537. Lord Willoughby wounded there 537. Sails from thence with a Fleet 557. Lost in a Hurricane ibid. The Bridge-town burnt there 568. Barbadoes Conspiracy 602. A Hurricane there 602 Barâ—bone denominates a Parliament 350. His Petition 437 Barons created 482 Baronets Catalogue 493 to 496 Bastwick Burton Pryn return from Banishment in great state 16 Bastwick Dr. of Physick Burton a Minister against Bishops c. 2 Basing-house Besieged by Waller in vain 62 Taken 91 BATTLES Edge-hill 40. Newberry first 50.51 Newberry second 65.66 Marston-moor 59. Tepper-moor Alderne Kilsith Philipshaugh in Scotland 73. Naseby 78 to 80. Lamport 82. Routon-heath 89. Colonel Jones defeated near Dublin 164. Defeats Lord Preston with a huge slaughter soon after at
Cock-matches prohibited 359 Horton Adjutant to Maj. Gen. Brown at Dennington 63 Hotham refuseth to admit the King into Hull but suffers the Duke of York and Prince Elector Palatine is proclaimed Traitor 33 34. Revolts from the Parliament and his son and he sent Prisoners to the Tower 56. Executed 68 House of Lords voted useless 226. Protest against it ibid. Howard Lord adviseth Richard Cromwel 417 Howard Lady to the Tower 423 Howard Capt. his valour 543 Howard Master sent Embassador to Taffalette 575 Hoyle Alderman Hangs himself 256 Hull Garrison 33. Hotham Governour of it ibid. The dispute of transferring that Magazine 32 33 Humble Petition and Advice 393 Hume-castle yielded 283 Humphries-Col to Jamaica 377 I Jamaica 370 Jamaicans assault the Dutch Plantations 548 James John Executed 502 Jealousies Fears and pretended Plots 26 27 30.31 Jenkins Iudge his writings 155 156. Designed for slaughter 229. Dies 524 Jersey a new Mace 520. Surrendered to Col. Haynes 306 Jesuits in France proceeded against 570. Exiled 373 Jews treat for admission with Cromwel 379 Jewish Prophet 548 559 Imposition on Seal-coal 359 Independants rise 66. Quarrel with the Presbyterians and cajolethem 67. undermine and defeat them 112 113 139. Synod at Savoy 413 Inchiqueen Lord defeats Lord Taaff 164. Declares for the King ibid. Ioyns with the Confederate Catholicks for the King under the Lord of Ormond made Lieutenant General of the Army 238. His overfight like to be surpriâ—ed 245. Falsly suspected and accused by the Marquess of Antrim 263. Leaves Ireland 277 Indians rebel in New-England 601 Ingoldsby Col. offers aid to Richard 417. Suppresseth a Mutiny and Lambert Instrument of Cromwel's Protectorian Government and his Oath 354 Joachims Embassador from the Dutch 267. Sent home 270 St. Johnstons yielded 294 Jones draws out of Dublin to oppose the advance of the Marquiss of Ormond retreats 239. Raiseth the Siege before Dublin 211. Comes before Drogheda and retreats 243. Dies in the quality of Lieutenant-General 247 Ireland and Ulster Forces submit 344 Ireland its state and condition 238 Ireton's appearance and notice at Naseby-fight wounded 78. In the Cabal of the Army 84. Draws their Papers and Proposals 84 85. Parliament Votes 161. Intrigues between them 116 118 119. Dies of the Plague 305 Irish affairs an account of the Cessation and the Marq. of Ormond's Treaty with Rebels and Parliament the Articles thereof with the Rebels the Popes Nuntio there 122 123 124. Strength what after Cromwel's departure 253. Abused by Cromwel's fair carriage at first into horrible slavery at his departure 253. Defeated at Finagh 234. Their affairs 292 309 310. Seem to acquiess in Lambert's actions 431. Affairs 515 Judges Commissioned by the new State 224. New ones again 254. New placed by the Rump 422. Of the King and others exempted out of the Act of Oblivion 454. They that came in upon Proclamation respited from Execution 469. Brought to the House of Lords and remanded to Prison 502. Of the Law their Names 492 Justice High Court 203 to 217. Again erected 258 278. To try Col. Gerrard and Powel 360 K Kentish Insurrection 173. Suppressed ibid. Kent mastered and reduced by Rich and Berkstead 175 Keyling Sir John Lord Chief-Iustice 543 Ker Col. defeated 280 Killing no Murther a Book 395 King dispenceth with the Common prayer and Book of Canons in Scotland by a Declaration slighted and cavilled at as a device and opposed by the Earls of Hume and Lindsey with another Declaration 7 8 Arms against the Scots 9. At York and Barwick agrees upon a Pacification 10. Goeth to his Scotch Parliament 20. Departs thence with mutual satisfaction ibid. Received Magnificently at his return to the City ibid. Demands five Members 25. To Hampton-court to Dover to Greenwich Theobalds 27. To Royston New-market York ibid. Asserts his right in the Militia 30 31. His innocence of any designe of War c. ibid. Resolves for Ireland 32. Expostulates his affront at Hull from Beverley 34. Takes a guard of York-shire-Gentlemen ibid. His intentions of no War attested by the Lords ibid. Answers and refutes their Remonstrance 35. Forbids the Militia 36. Invites his Subjects to his assistance ibid. To Newark back to York to Nottingham sets up his Standard to Stafford-shire Leicester-shire confines of Wales and Shrewsbury and caresses the Gentry and Commonalty 37 38 39. Melts down his Plate at Shrewsbury and Mints it 38. Faceth Coventry to Southam 39. Stays and turns upon Essex his Speech 39 40. Takes Banbury to Oxford towards London at Brainford 41. Into the West after Essex Overtakes him at Lestithiel defeats him 58. in the associated Counties 88. Into Wales ibid. At Newark 90. At Oxford ibid. Escapes thence 99. To the Scots 100. Information of it and his Majesties Messages and the Parliaments Answers from 100 to 104. The King at Newcastle 114. disputes with Henderson 115. And betrayed by the Scots 121. His escape intended from the 122. Delivered to Commissioners 127. At Holmby 128. Carried away by Cornet Joyce 129. At Childersley with freedom of Chaplains 130. The designe of it 131 to 133. Deluded by the Army Proposals 132. At Hampton-court after many traverses 145. Pretendedly at Liberty and Honour 147. His nearness to London suspected by Cromwel 148. Frighted thence by Whaley and departs ibid. His Letters and Declarations there 148 to 151. In the Isle of Wight ibid. High Treason to conceal his Person ibid. His Message from the Isle of Wight 151 to 155. A blasphemous Hue and Cry against him ibid. Answers the Message with the Bills of Parliament His Declaration upon the Votes of Non-addresses 166 to 169. Kings Message and Answer to the Votes of a personal Treaty 181 182. Hath liberty of assistance and his Friends 183. Startled at the Remonstrance of the Army 187. Shews the unreasonableness of it ibid. His farewel to the Commissioners and Declaration concerning the Treaty 188 to 190. And his Letter of the result and advice to the Prince 190. Hurried from the Isle of Wight to Hurst-castle to Winchester to Windsor to St. James's 193. To the High Court of Iustice his defence and Reasons 203 to 215. Traiterously Sentenced ibid. Confers with his Children ibid. The Lady Elizabeth's relation of it 216. His Speech upon the Scaffold 218 to 219. Murthered 220. His Corps exposed to view ibid. Buried by the Duke of Richmond Marquiss of Hertford Durchester and Earl of Lindsey at Windsor 221. The Service-book denied at his Interment ibid. King Charles the second at Hague 235. Highly treated there and honoured 236. Departs for France by Rotterdam Dort Antwerp and Brussels treated by the Arch-Duke Leopold attended thence by Duke Lorrain to Compeign met there by the French King 237. At Jersey 257. At Breda ibid. Takes shipping at Terheyden for Scotland 268. Arrives there ibid. Withdrawing the Covenanting party 281. Crowned at Schoone ibid. Marched into England 294. Comes to Worcester 295. Summons the Country ibid. Flies by advice of the Earl of Derby to Whiteladies the
〈…〉 and Lambert fall out 428. Vote away Lambert's and eight more Field-commission Officers ib. Outed by Lambert 429. Reseated 43 〈…〉 ter company added to them 438. Arms defaced 446 Rupert Prince 40 44. And throughout the War Leaves Kingsale and puts to Sea with a Fleet 254. Blockt up at Lisbon 256 267. His Fleet dispersed and some taken 275. From Taulon to Sea 289. Seizeth Spanish ships why 293. In France â—37 General at Sea 550. Divides 〈…〉 yns again and fights 551 Russia Emperor 255. Embassadors Rycaut Paul returns from Constantinople 520 S. Sad condition of the Irish 333 Safety a Committee 429 Sales of the King 's Queen's Prince's Dâ—â—ns and Chapters Lands and Houses 256. Of Kings Houses agreed on but avoyded by Cromwel â—â—â— Salisbury River begun to be made 〈…〉 â—â—â— Sanzeime Battle 600 Salmasius his Royâ—l defence 236 Salters-Hall Commissioners for sale of prisoners Estates stopt 359 Sanderson Bishop dies 514 Saul Major Executed 278 Sandwich Earl keeps the Sea 528. Takes the Dutch East-Indie-fleet 541. He is sent Embassador into Spain 545. Arrives at Madrid 550. Sent to Portugal 569 Scalborough to the King by Brown Bushel 44. Yielded to the Parliament 193 Savoy and Genoa at odds 547 566 590. Saxony Duke installed Knight of the Garter by Proxey 580 Scilly Island rendred by Sir John Greenvile 288 289 Scot Robinson sent to meet Gen. Monk 435 Scotch troubles about English Liturgy and Book of Canons 3. Arm 1638. And desire the King of France's assistance 9. Cunningly agree upon a Pacification abuse the King who is betrayed by his Servants 10. War resumed proclaimed Rebels treated with soon after 15. Peace ratified in Parliament ibid. Favour the Parliaments cause 35. Enter England with an Army for the Covenant 56. At Hereford 87. Iuggle with and sell the King 120. Parliament dispute about the disposal of the King 115 Commissioners sence of the Parliaments Bills and Proposals Presbyters murther sâ—veral Scotch Gentlemen 164. Prepare a War under Hamilton 165 166. Enter England under Duke Hamilton 177. Defeated 178. Hamilton prisoner ibid. Scotland detests the Murther of the King and proclaims Charles the second at Edinburgh and expostulates with the Regicides at Westminster 232 Scots defeat a Royal party in the North of Scotland 333. Send Commissioners to the King 233. Defeated in Ulster in Ireland by Sir Charles Coot 247. They send Commissioners to the King 257. Their Names Except against Malignants their other terms 257. They endeavour to unite 274 Cavaliers admitted into Trust 282. Pass an Act of Oblivion 290. Encamped in Torwood 292. Noblemen taken at Elliot in Scotland and sent Prisoners to the Tower others of the Nobility submit 302. The reasons 304. Kirk reject the English Vnion 307. Deputies ordered to be chosen by the Commissioners 310. The affairs of the Kingdom ibid. Several Scots Earls and Noblemen taken after Worcester 298 New Great Seal 56. Great Seal broken 128 Sea-fight the first between us and the Dutch in the Downs an account of it 315 to 320 Second Sea-fight between Sir Geo Ayscue and De Ruyter at Plymouth 325 Third Sea-fight between Blake and De Wit in the North-Foreland 326 327. Fourth Sea-fight at Portland 335 Fifth Sea-fight at Leghorn betwixt Captain Appleton and Van Gallen 337 Sixth Sea-fight betwixt Gen. Monke Dean and Blake and Van Tromp behinde the Goodwyn-Sands 345 Seventh Sea-fight betwixt Gen. Monke and Tromp 346 to 349 Sea-men encouraged 534 Secluded Members restored and reseated Sieges and Skirmishes in Ireland 274 Selden John dies 366 Seneffe Battle 601 Serini beats the Turk 52. Is killed 533 Sexby Col. dies 398 Shaftsbury Earl Lord Chancellor 588 Dr. Sheldon Arch-bishop of Canterbury 523 Sheriffs discharged of expenses at Assizes 401 Ship-money voted illegal 17. The nature of it 16 17 Ships blown up neer London-bridge 361 Shrewsbury 38 39 71 Sickness in London 539. Abates 544 Skippon Major-General Articles for the Infantry at Lestithiel 58 Skirmishes Brill Ast-ferry 64 Slanning Sir Nicholas 46 Slingsby Sir Henry decoyed 304. Tryed and Beheaded 404 Smith Sir Jeremy keeps the Mediterranean Seas 544 Soissons Count Embassador hither 456 Sonds Freeman kills his Brother and is hanged 380 Southampton Earl 163 Spalding-Abby fell and killed 23 persons 380 Spaniard owns the English Commonwealth 278 Sprague Sir Edward sent into Flanders 569. Commands in the Streights 578. Destroys the Algerines 581. Returns 583. Spoyls the Dutch fishing 588 Stacy Edmond Executed 404 States of England pretended declare the maintenance of Laws 227. Are guilty of the Irish Rebellion with which they taxed the King 237. Erect a new Council of State 283. Proclaim the King Traitor and are in great fear and dispair at his entring England 294 Stamford Earl 42 Statues of the late King and King James pulled down and the Inscription writ under that at Old Exchange 269 Steel Recorder of London refuseth to be Knighted by Oliver 357. Made Lord-Chancellor of Ireland 366. Made Lord Chief-Baron of England 373 Stawel Sir John ordered for Tryal 229. At High Court of Iustice 279 Sterling-Castle taken 361 Sterry Oliver's Chaplain his Blasphemy 409 Strafford Earl Commander in chief against the Scots 13. Accused to the Parliament 15. To the Black-rod and Tower 16. Tryal 18. His willing resignation his attainder ibid. And deâ—th 19 St. Germain a Proclamation against him 602 St. John and Strickland Embassadors to the Dutch their business and departure 285 286 287. St. John 357. Stickles in the Council of State for terms with the King 440 Stratton Baron Lord Hopton dies 328 Straughan Col. 280 Stroker 540 Stuart Lord John killed 57. With Sir John Smith Col. Scot and Sandys and Colonel Manning ibid. Stuart Lord Bernard slain 89 Submission of the Irish 324 Sunderland Earl slain 51 Summons for persons of Integrity to take upon them the Government by Council of state 345 Sums of Money raised by the Parliament Supplies to Jamaica 377 Surrenders several 91. As Basing Tiverton Exeter Sheford 91 92 Surrenders in Ireland 270 Surinam 557 Surrey Petitioners assaulted 172 Sweden Queen supplies Montross 255. Complies with our States 358. Receives Whitlock ibid. Gives our Soveraign an interview 376 Sweden King invades Poland 373 Swedes stand firm for England 549. Besiege Bremen 559. Mediations excepted 560. Embassador dies in London 566. Makes peace with the Dutch 567. King presented with the Garter 572. Installed by Proxie 580. Ioyn with the French 597 Sydenham Major slain at Linlithgow 288 Syndercomb's Plot and death 384 385. T Tabaco taken by the English 591 Tables erected in Scotland 7 Tadcaster 42 Taffalette routed and slain 579. Moors beaten 581. Earl of Middleton Governour and makes peace with the Moors 594 Taaff Lord sent against Cromwel 246 Taaff Luke Major-General 248 Tangier 504. Iews expelled 525. Lord Bellasis Governour there 537. Moors beaten there 573 Tartar taken in Germany 526 Taylor the Kings Resident with the Emperour 329 Taxes a mark on them 331 Teviot Earl killed 527 Temple Sir William concludes â— League
Impeachment of high treason against the Earl of Strafford he is committed and Sir George Ratcliff sent for out of Ireland Dr. Williams Bishop of Lincoln released Mr. Pryn Dr. Bastwick and Mr. Burton received by the Londoners in pomp Sir John Finch Lord Keeper and Francis Windebanck Secretary of State charged with high treason they withâ—rew John James a Romish Catholique stabs Iustice Howard in Westminster-Hall The Case of Shipmoney stated The Iudges opinions thereupon Shipmoney vâ—tâ—d illegal The Iudgment of the Excheqâ—â—r agâ—inst Mr. Hambden vacated Mr. Hollis delivers a Charge against the A.B. Cant. the Scots do the like he is voted guilty of high treason and committed The King signs the Bill for Triennial Parliaments The Houses oppose Bishops temporal jurisdiction The Earl of Straffords Tryal Sir David Fowls and Sir William Pennyman witnesses against the Earl the last of whom wept He is condemned as guilty of high treason The faction make a hideous cry of Iustice. The King with much reâ—uctancy signs the Bill of Attainder A notable remarque concerning Sir Alexander Carew Those Bishops that consented to the Earls death escaped not the fury of the times Prince of Orange warries the Princess Mary Sir Dudley Carleton the Earls Secretary brings him word of his Majesties having passed the Bill of Attainder Life in Mr. Lloyds Memoires The English Army disband the Scotch receive a vast sum of money and return home The King visits his Parliament of Edinburgh The Earl of Leicester made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland The Parliament adjourned The faction encreaseth and grows strong The King settles the affairs of Scotland A Rebellion in Ireland The King returns from Scotland and is magnificently received at London The faction sâ—anderously charge the King and Arch-B Cant. with inclining to Popery Walker an Iron-monger thâ—ows a Libel into the Kings 〈◊〉 he is impriâ—oned Sir Richard Gurney Lord Mayor of London Most of the Irish Nobility revolted Sir Phelim Oneal their chief commandâ—r A full account of the Irish Rebellion and proceedings of the War there Roger Moor the chief instrument in the plot The Lord Viscount Gormanston one of their complices Owen O Conally discovers the Plot. Iuâ—â—ice Parsons and Sir Jo. Borlace double their Watches Mac Mahon and Mac-Guire their Lodgings watched Mac Mahon and his men after some resistance are sâ—cured and confess the Plot. The Lord Mac-guire seized The Council warn the people of the Rebellion by Proclamation The Lord Blaweys House Wife and Children surprised The Newry surprized with several other places of strength The Rebels take Dundalk besiege Tredagh They commit horrid Massacres in sundry places 1800 Pâ—rsons drowned 150000 Persons destroyed in the Province of Ulster only in five moâ—ths time Sir Phelim Oneal defeatâ—d at Duâ—dalk Dublin in great streights A Regiment raised for Sir H. Titchburn another for Sir Charles Coot Expresses sent to the King the Lord Lieutenant and the Parliament Owen O Conally rewarded with 200 l. in money and a pension of 200 l. per anum The Earl of Ormond Lieu. Gen. marched to Dublin with divers other Captains Major Roper with 600 Foot to Tredagh With 50 Horse under Sir Pat. Weems surprized by the Rebels and routed Some Rebels executed at Wicklo Luke Tool encounters Sir Charls Coote and is puâ— to flight The Lords and Gentry of the English Pale declare for the Roman Catholick Religion The Rebels in Lemster 20000 strong Sir Simon Harcourt arrives with a Regiment at Tredagh The Rebels are disheartned and defeated by Sir Henry Titchburn who recovered Dundalk Sir Phelim O Neal escapes to Ulster Sir George Monro recovers Newry and do's the Rebels much damage Tumults from London affront the King and Court Sir William Mason heads the Gentlemen of Grays-Inne to White-Hall prostering them and himself to his Majesty as a guard for his person The King receives them with respect The Tumultuous rabble countenanced by some Grandees of the faction Whereat the King is much troubled He demands five Members of the House of Commons and the Lord Kimbolton The House vote it a breach of priviledge They accuse several Bishops as guilty of high Treason They are Committed The Irish are proclaimed Rebels The King declares his charge against the five members The Parliament imprisons Sir Edw. Herbert The Tumults increase and the King retires to Hampton-Court A rumour concerning the Lord Digby Col. Lunsford committed The Scots interpose themselves the Parliament demands the Tower and the Militia Buckinghamshire men petition in behalf of Mr. Hambden The King leaves Hampton-Court the Queen and Princess of Aurange take ship for Holland The Parliament vote the Queen a Traytor The Militia the principal difference between King and Parliament The Commission of Arry An Ordinance of Parliament for ordering the Militia The Parliament send several Papers to the King The King is much troubled thereat and answers The Parliament declare their resolution of putting the Kingdom into a posture of defence The Earl of Warwick made Admiral of England The King answers the Parliaments Declation with another He offers a free Pardon to his people and propounds a râ—â—â—â—ciliation The faction set forth another Declaration concerning the Militia The King sends a Message to the Parliament concerning Ireland They plead the priviledge of Parliament The King proclaims against Papists The Yorkshire Gentry desire a right understanding between King and Parliament The King returns a gratious answer He resolving to go for Ireland sends a Message to the Parliament Sir John Hotham admitted into Hull The Parliament Petition the King for the Militia they insist upon the dangers of Popery Hull is Garrison'd and the King is troubled that they should Petition him and at the instant carve at their one pleasures He excuseth his repriving of some Iâ—suites The Parliament refuse to be governed by Commissioners in his Majesties absence The King resolves to possess himself of Hull But is denyed entrance by Sir John Hotham who stood on the Walls and â—eard himself proclaimed a Traytor The Duke of York and Prince â—lector bring in the Town are suffered to depart The King retreatâ—d to Beverly writes to the Mayor and Garrison of Hull And to the Parliament for Iâ—â—tice against Hotham Tâ—e Parliament order the Lord Liâ—â—tenant of Lincoln to â—uppress all Forcâ—s raiâ—ed against Hull Sir Richard Gurney Loâ—d Mayor 〈◊〉 London sent to the Tower The Parliament Authorize Sir John Hotham to raise the Trained Bands The King sâ—mmons the Gâ—ntry of York for the security of his Person The Parliament Conclude the K. intendeth War They take up Arms â—nder preâ—ence of râ—scuing the King from his evil Couâ—sel and prohibit all resort to the King They publish a Râ—monstrance Which is answâ—red by the King Theâ—â—aviâ—e the Scots to their 〈◊〉 Thâ— Scoâ—s pretend a zâ—al for his Majesty bâ—t deâ—â—aâ—â— for the Parliament and have their thanks Tâ—e Parliament set forth another Remonstrance which the King answers They send him 19 Propositions to York The King returns an answer
gives the Signal He is Executed The Corps committed to the care of his servants Carriâ—d to Windsor Some Lords get an order for the burial of the King They desire it might be in St. Gorge 's Chappel by Common-prayer are denyed They expostulate but prevail not Seeking a place for Burial they finde Hen. 8 's Vault The Funeral England had not been without Regal Government from the begininng It had change of Governours not change of Government The Royal race had continued 562 years in ouâ— Regality Now clouds aâ—â— darknâ—â—â— blackâ—ess and 〈…〉 Horrour and Amazemâ—nt 〈…〉 dissolution His Majesty might have lived very long The Prince abâ—â—â—t but in safety In the night of confusion Bats and Scritch-owles rule They make an Act forbidding the Proclamation of a King c. Jan. 30. A Proclamation thrown about streets The Procclamation They Vote the Exclusion of the Members the Army had secluded The House of Lords Voted useless Feb. 5. The protestation of the Nobility against it The Kingly Power Voted Useless Feb. 7. A Council of Sate in Force Iudges Commissioned They declare to preserve and maintain the Laws A new stamp for Coyn Voted Agents and Envoys designed to Forrain Princes The monthly Fast Nulled Several escapes of the Cavalier party viz. Col. Massey Sir Lewis Dives Mr Holden and Lord Capel the last of them betrayed by Davis a Water-man and retaken Lord Loughborough escapes from Windsor-Castle with several others The King at the Hague Feb. c. The Prince of Aâ—range a friend to the Royal Family Mr. Beaumont Executed at Pomfret Feb. 7. A new High Court of Iustice erected Duke Hamilton Earl of Holland Lorâ— Capel Trâ—ed by the High Court of Iustiâ—â— The Lord Capel ' s legal Defences The Lord Goring and Sir John Owen reprieved Dâ—ke Hamilton E. of Holland and Lord Capel beheaded Mar. 9. Other capital Delinquents in nomination As Sir John Stowell Iudge Jenkins and Cap. Brown Bushell Marq. of Winchester Bâ— Wren Ma. Gen Brown and Sir John Cloâ—worthy hardly escaping Several qualifications of Delinquents to life and Eâ—tate Tâ—e chief of whom were the Kings Majesty the D. of York E. of Britol D. of Buckingham Lord Digby Lord Cottington Marq of New-castle Marq of Worcester Sir Ed. Hide Lâ—rd Culpepeâ— and Lord Wâ—ddrington Secluded Members totally Excluded The Parliaments proceâ—dings in reference to the City Alderman Reynoldson the Lord Mayor outed and fined and Alderman Andrews one of the Kings Iudges placed in his stead He proclaims the Act for abolishing Kingly Government Sir Thomas Soams and Alderman Culham degraded Col. Poyer Executed April 25. Col. Laughorn and Col. Powel condemned Pomfret-Castle delivered Mar. 24 to Maj. Gen. Lambert John Lilburn and some of his party secured An account of the state of Scotland Charles the second proclaimed King at Edingburgh The English 〈◊〉 State tampers with the Scotch Parliament Sir Jos. Douglas is sent from the Scots to the King at the Hague Innerness seized for the King Lord 〈…〉 Lockier the Leveller shot to death in Saint Paul 's Church-yard Eleven Regiments designed by Cromwel for the Irish service Thompson a corneâ— with 2 Troâ—ps enters Northampton and declares his and the Armies resolution against that Expedition Several Regiments confederate in the same designe Cromwel by treachery surprizeth them Levellers defeated at Burford in May. Thompson and two more Executed Their Chieftain slain in Wellingborough wood Fairfax complemented at Oxford and treated at Dinner in the City of London They present Fairfax and Cromwel with Gold and Plate England made a Free-State Iune A new Mace made 4000 l. a year out of the D. of Buckinghams Estate given to Fairfax Lord Cottington's Estate to Bradshaw Several Acts to raise money Several Castles demolished A short account of the King at the Hague Salmasius 〈◊〉 in the Kings defenâ—e Is 〈◊〉 by Miltoâ— the likâ—wise answerâ— His Majâ—â—ties Meditations which Answer was since burned by the common Hang-maâ— The condition his Majâ—sty was in at the Hague Dr. Dorislaus their Envâ—r to the Estates General killed at the Hague May. Ascham their Envoy to Spain killed by one Sparks â—ho was therefore Executed King Charles the second departs for France Iune The King magnificently treated by the Arch-Duke The Dutchess of Savoy assignes him 50000 crowns per Ann. Duke of Gloucester and the Princess Eliz. at Penshurst with the Countess of Leicester The affairs of Ireland summed up together Note they taxed the King with what themselves were guilty Lieut. Gen. Cromwel Voted Lord-Governour of Ireland The Parl. Army hiâ—â— from Milford-Haven to Wales Cromwel lands at Dublin The State of the Kingdom â—f Ireâ—and The English Roman Catholikes declare for the King and desire the Marq. of Ormond may be their General An Association with O Neal by Sir Charles Coot and Col. Monke then in Arms for the Parliament The Câ—nfederates aâ—d the Lord Inchiqueens Forces do not brook one another thâ—y with the Marq. of Clanrickard and the E. of Castlehaven designe to reduce Dublin Lord Inchiqueen Lieâ— Gen. for the King O Neal joyns with the Independent party Col. Monke agrees with him O Neal Relieves London-Derry The ill consequence thereof to the Kings affairs The Marquess of Ormond comes before Dublin Aug. Sir Thomas Armstrong Col. Trevors and the Lord Moor declare for the King O Neal defeated Drogheda taken Dundalke surrendred to the King His Majâ—sties Presence most necessary and most desired in Ireland The Siege of Dublin by the Kings Forces Aug. Dublin Relieved by a sally the Forces of the Gairison made Aug. 22. The Marq of Ormond 〈…〉 Dâ—blin Aug. â— Sir William Vaughan 〈…〉 Wogan 〈◊〉 pâ—isoners Marq. oâ— Ormond â—akes Bâ—llâ—sannon for the Kiâ—g A â—ust deploration of this calamity O Neal relieveâ— Coot The Plaguâ— in the Loyal Provinces of Ireland The Marq. of Ormond not able to punish the cowardise and treachery of the Parties The Marq. of Ormond recruits his Forces Drogheda Garrisoned with the flower of the Army Sir Arthur Aston made Governour of Drogheda Col. Daniel O Neal Governour of Trim dispatched to treat with Owen O Neal. Sir Richard Barnwell and 〈◊〉 Nicholas Plunkett sent to assist him and conclude an Agreement Drogheda besieged by Cromwel The Masâ—â—â—â— at Drogheda Sir Arthur Aston c. kiliâ— Sep. 16. 3000 Souldiers put to Sword The Marquess of Ormond endeavours to strengthen other places Sir Edmund Butler Governour of Wexford for the K. It is besieged by Cromwel surprised and stormed 2000 put to the Sword Several Troops of the Lord Inchiqueens Revolt Luke 〈…〉 Rosâ—e 〈…〉 Rosâ—e surrâ—â—dred Litu Geâ— Farrâ—ll 〈…〉 of Oâ—mond Lord Inchiqueen 's Officers are treachâ—rour They are discovered and taken and no conditions Released Cromwel baâ—â—â—ed by Colonel Wogan at Duncannon Corke Youhall and all the English Towns of Munster revolt Lord Inchiqueen suspected accused by the Marq. of Antrim Carrick taken by Lieu. Gen. Jones The Marq. of Ormond deâ—â—â—â— to sight Cromwel Lieu. General Farrel made Governour of Waterford Cromwel
command all and every our Earls Barons Knights Mayors Bailiffs Constables Ministers and others our faithful Liege-people of our County aforesaid as well within Liberties as without by vertue of these presents to be counselling aiding and assisting to you and every one of you in all and singular the Premises And we likewise Command you the said Sheriff that at certain times and places which you or any three or more of you as aforesaid shall appoint shall cause to convene before you all such men in the County aforesaid by whom the Array Assesment and Appointment can best be effected and compleated and to detain those in Prison who for their Rebellion shall happen thither to be committed In witness whereof we have caused these our Letters to be made Patents Witness our self the 11th day of June in the 18 Year of our Raign Per Ipsum Regem The Reader must know that this Ordinance of the Militia was framed in February and declared to be a Law whether the King should give his Royal assent or no in March ensuing and several things done at that time in the several Counties in pursuance of it So that it long precedes the Kings Commission of Array though for dignity sake I have here Postposed it The Ordinance of both Houses of Parliament for Ordering the Militia of the Kingdom of England and Dominion of Wales WHereas there hath been of late a most dangerous and desperate design upon the House of Commons which we have just cause to believe to be an effect of the bloodie Councels of Papists and other ill-affected persons who have already raised a rebellion in the Kingdom of Ireland And by reason of many discoveries we cannot but fear they will proceed not onely to stir up the like rebellions and insurrections in this Kingdom of England but also to back them with forces from abroad It is ordained by the Lords and Commons now in Parliament assembled that shall have power to assemble and call together all and singular his Majesties Subjects within the County of as well within Liberties as without that are meet and fit fothe Wars and them to train exercise and put in readiness and them after their abilities and faculties well and sufficientlie from time to time to cause to be arrayed and weaponed and to take the Muster of them in places most fit for that purpose And shall have power within the said Countie to nominate and appoint such persons of quality as to him shall seem meet to be his Deputie-Lieutenants to be approved of by both Houses of Parliament And that any one or more of the said Deputies so assigned and approved of shall in the absence or by command of the same have power and Authoritie to do and execute within the Countie all such Power and Authoritie before in this prâ—sent Ordinance contained And so shall have power to make Colonels and Captains and other Officers and to remove out of their places and to make others from time to time as he shall think fit for that purpose And his Deputies Colonels Captains and other Officers shall have further Power and Authority to lead conduct and employ the persons aforesaid Arrayed and Weaponed as well within the County of as within any other part of this Realm of England or Dominion of Wales for the suppression of all Rebellions insurrections and invasions that may happen according as they from time to time shall receive directions by His Majesties Authority signified unto them by the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament And it is further ordained that such persons as shall not obey in any of the Premises shall answer their neglect and contempt to the Lords and Commons in â— Parliamentary Way and not otherwise nor elsewhere and that every the powers granted as aforesaid shall continue until it shall be otherwise ordered or declared by both Houses of Parliament and no longer John Brown Clerk Parl. How contrary to any Law Practice or Precedent of any Parliament this Ordinance was I refer the Reader to examine in his Majesties Answer to it Many Messages and Answers and Papers past betwixt the King and the Parliament which though out of their order we shall present at one view intire in this Place this History not allowing every one a particular room Those of the Kings were less strained yet more elegant then the Parliament's the great ingredients and most substantial part of their Addresses were Jealousies and Fears with which the King was constantly baited for want of more solid Arguments and which no reason could rectifie or dispel being irrefutable because inexistible it being like fighting with a shadow which canot be driven away They protested all along that if his Majesty should persist in the denyal of the Militia the Dangers were such as would indure no longer delay but that they should be forced to dispose of it by Authority of Parliament and must resolve so to do as it was by them propounded Desiring that for the safety of his person and people in much jealousie and Fear he will be pleased to reside in or neer London and to continue the Prince at St. Iames's or any other Houses neer London to prevent the Jealousies and Fears of the people Affirming That by the Laws of the Realm the power of the Militia of raising ordering and disposing thereof in any place cannot be granted to any Corporation by Charter or otherwise without consent of Parliament and that those parâ—s of the Kingdom that have put themselves in a posture of defence have done it by direction and Declaration of Parliament The King much troubled with those unreasonable Papers replyed that he was so much amazed at this Message that he knew not what to answer You speak of jealousies and fears said he lay your hands to your hearts and ask your selves whether I may not in earnest be disturbed with jealousies and fears and if so I assure you this Message hath nothing lessned them For the Militia I thought as much before My last answer being agreeable to what in Iustice or reason you can ask or I in honour grant I shall not alter in any point I wish my residence near you might be safe and honourable that I had no cause to absent my self from Whitehal Ask your selves whether I have not I shall take that care of my Son which shall justifie me to God as a father and to my Dominions as a King I assure you upon mine honour I have no thoughts but of peace and Iustice to my people which I shall by all means possible seek to preserve relying upon the goodness of God for the preservation of my self and my rights This quickned in the Parliament a resolution that the Kingdom be put presently into a posture of defence and a publique Declaration thereupon to be made They talkt of advertisements and extraordinary preparations of forraign Princes by land and Sea In order to this the Beacons were made up new
Answer to their Petition for it and wishes them in the sence of those to apply themselves to the Parliament for the good of All. The King was now resolved since he saw how slowly the Irish business proceeded for the dispatch of that Rebellion to pass over thither and to that purpose sent a Message to the Parliament from York From which expedition they disswade the King and in lieu of using the Magazine of Hull for that service desire it may be sent to the Tower of London to supply that almost exhausted guessing indeed that the King intended to possess himself of it but they prevented him by Sir Iohn Hothams admittance into the Town standing affected to their Cause before the coming of my Lord Newcastle to the same purpose Thereupon they again petition the King in the matter of the Militia as to his Forts and Magazins inserting the old standing matter of Popery in relation to some Jesuits whom the King had reprieved To this Petition the Kings Answer was that he wondred why a Garison was put into Hull without his consent and Souldiers billeted without Law contrary to the Petition of right and that they could mention to him the transferring of his Magazine without reason or judgement he would know why he might not be thought sufficient to impower and intrust any person of unquestionable honour and worth with the custody of a Fort Town or Magazine of his own when they were so confident as to commit it without his knowledge or consent to Sir Iohn Hotham though he doubts not but it will be rendred to him when he shall demand it Hopes that they will not do in this case as they have done in the Militia petition him and make themselves the Carvers and tells them that if they attempt any thing herein without his consent he will hold it as an act of violence against him and so declare it to all the world For the Priests he refers them to the Law and their Sentence the time of his Reprieve granted them being expired But in that answer to his expedition into Ireland they court him there with a Compliment of their fear of the danger of his person besides the interruption of the proceedings of Parliament Though to the first they were more afraid of that force he should raise to accompany and attend his person and as to the second the distance lay onely in their averseness to an Accommodation until they were nearer in duty and affection the proximity of his person availed not but they would in no wise endure to hear of being governed by Commissioners in his Majesties absence because it was presumed there were more then enough of themselves already that looked like such things in his presence if not more Soveraign and imperious than such could be To this Reply the King rejoyns that he looks upon them as his great Council with great respect but also upon himself as not dâ—prived of his understanding or devested of any right he had before the Parliament assembled he called them by his Writ and authority to give him counsel but did not resign his interest and freedom nor will subject himself to their determinations nor hath he dissented at any time without his reasons given with candour and conscience and though a Major part may bind them in their consultations and opinions yet he holds himself free to dissent from them Anno Dom. 1642. NOw this great controversie of the Militia came to be decided and what had been bandyed with so many words to be summed up and stated in the case of Hull and the Magazine there which the King as before had refused to be translated any otherwhere than for his own accommodation in the service of Ireland besides the County of York added their instances to the Kings resolution requesting him as well for his own as the publike safety it might be continued where it was Therefore to end the dispute and ascertain the matter without any further contest the King resolved to go and possess himself thereof taking with him a Guard onely for his person which consisted of his menial servants and the Gentry adjacent thereabout On the 23 of April his Majesty came before the Town when contrary to all expectation especially of the King the enterance was denyed him the gates being shut against him as Sir Iohn Hotham then upon the Walls of the said Town peremptorily told him by Authority of Parliament by whose trust he kept it nor by any means after a long Parley and perswasion would admit the King into the Town unless under certain disloyal and undutiful limitations which the King so abhor'd that moved with just indignation he caused Hotham instantly and before his face to be proclaimed Traytor a name that stuck to him or all sides and was his Sentence long before his Execution and which in such very heynous matters not usual reached the life of his eldest Son also But because his late Majesties own Sacred Pen hath so compassionately delivered his story it will be rudeness to that blessed Prince and barbarity to Sir Iohn Hotham to rake further in his ashes than what we shall have occasion for in the depositing them after Execution The Duke of York and the Prince Elector Palatine were gone into the Town the day before and were now after some deliberation suffered to go out again who came to the King then in a very great discontent retreated to Beverly whence he sent Letters to the Mayor of Hull which signified to him his Majesties displeasure and resentment of the affront done him thereby also warning him and the Garrison which consistâ—d of a thousand men not to partake with Hotham but to lay down their arms and receive the King who would rather enlarge than lessen and diminish their Charter and Priviledges After this Message he likewise dispatched another to the Parliament requiring the Town and Magazine to be delivered to him and that his honour be repaired by some signal and remarkable Justice upon Hotham that injury so closely â—ying at his breast that till satisfaction be given him therein he can intend no other business whatsoever as portending those undutiful actions which afterwards succeeded This is saith he to make me worse in condition than the meanest Subject since I cannot enjoy my own 't is time therefore to examine how he lost them and to try all possible ways by the help of God the Laws and his good Subjects to recover them and vindicate himself concluding that if he fail in the reducing of the place he is the first Prince in Christendom that hath done so and prays God to bless him in these resolutions This was answered no otherways but by a Command to their Lord Lieutenant of the County of Lincoln to suppress all Forces that should be gathered and raised against the said Town of Hull and presently expedite the Ordinances of the Militia
thereabout they resolved to send him to Hull In the way thither Colonel Cavendish brother to the Earl of Devon-shire with a party pursued the Pinnace to a shallow which she could not pass and demanded her and the Earls surrender which being refused a Drake was discharged which unhappily killed the said Earl and one of his servants being placed on purpose on the Deck to deter the Royalists from shooting whereupon they presently struck Sail and yeilded but with a just revenge were all sacrificed to the Ghost of that most Loyal and Noble Peer Notice of this party and their design being given to the Garrison a sufficient number under Colonel White a Lincoln-shire Gentleman were hastned to relieve the Boat or recover it if taken who accordingly encountred with the Royalists and being too many for them this right valiant Personage was forced to take the Trent with his Horse which swam him safe to the other side but there stuck in the owze and mud and as soon as the Colonel had got ashore off his Horse-back the Enemy was come round by Ford and seeing him desperately wounded offered him quarter which he magnanimously refusing and throwing his Blood he wip't off his Face among them was killed outright upon the place To return the Earl of Manchester with his Horse approaching these parts and this particular place most part of the Earl of Newcastles Army then quartering thereabouts advanced to meet him but the Associate Horse were so well disciplined and such chosen able men that after a very sharp and sore conflict near Horn-Castle in Lincoln-shire the Royalists were forced to flye having sustained a great loss viz. 30 Colours the Parliamentarians said 35 taken 400 slain the chief of whom were Sir Ingram Hopton Sir George Bowls and Lieutenant-Colonel Markham with other inferior Officers 1000 Horse taken and as many Arms and 800 Prisoners After this Victory the Earl of Manchester marched to Lincoln and beleaguered it round and summoned it which the Towns-men slighted hereupon a storm was resolved on after a weeks patience and expectation of a surrender and on the 20th of October put in execution just at day-break all round the City which was speedily entred by Manchester's Regiment of Foot who slew all they found in Arms and most cruelly plundred the Town leaving it not worth a farthing The Minster and Close were surrendred after a little resistance upon quarter onely and 2500 Arms taken therein and presently Gainsborough was quitted and deserted by the Royalists and Sir Iohn Meldrum possest it â—or the Parliament as not long after my Lord Willoughby of Parham took in Bullingbrook-Castle These successes in those parts the Parliamentarians making opposition afresh in York-shire assisted by the Mancashire-Forces under Colonel Rigby and Suttleworth and who had fortified Lanchester and other places in the County which was generally for the Parliament as to the vulgar in hatred of the Roman Catholick Gentry with which it abounded caused the King to send away Sir Lewis Dives and Colonel Hurrey with a party of two or three thousand Horse into Bedford-shire and so to make an eruption into the Associated Counties thereby to divert Manchesters further Progress who was now with Cromwel and Sir Iohn Meldrum set down before Newark but upon this invasion was presenty recalled for the danger was judged very great at London which instantly took an Alarm and by Essex's order the Hartford-shire-Trained Bands were presently raised to oppose this unexpected enemy Sir Lewis came first to Ampthill thence to Bedford where he entred and took Sir Iohn Norris and some other Officers who would have encouraged the Towns-men to a resistance but they fared the better for their compliance whether out of their Loyalty or discretion I will not say Thence this flying party came to Sir Samuel Lukes house and served that as Sir Lewis was served before in the same County by the Sequestrators and so proceeded as far as to face Hitching in Hartford-shire and having soundly frighted those parts informed of Manchesters return they speeded back again to Oxford The Members at Westminster were so vexed with this incursion that they voted Sir Lewis Dives a Traytor for levying War against the Parliament as they had voted the Judges Sir Robert Heath Justice Forster Sir Iohn Banks and Serjeant Glanvile who declared and affirmed at Salisbury in the Circuit the several Treasons of Essex Manchester and other superior Officers of their Army to be guilty of the same Crime charged upon them which was the recriminative temper of those times And those persons that were threatned with the Curse of the Law were animated in their Disloyal service by the thanks of the House There had been a dangerous Insurrection in Iuly this year in Kent about the heart of that County towards Sevenoke but quasht by the early prevention of Major-General Brown just as they were seizing most of the Parliement-affected Gentry having already Sir Thomas Walsingham a member of the House in custody who was sent with two London-Râ—giments to suppress them A small skirmish or two happened but not worth notice for he had no Commission to fight it sufficed him to keep them from joyning with more of that Maleconâ—ent party and driving them further towards Canterbury whence by the care and diligence of the Committees a party of their own Country-men came and reduced them at Feversham with some little Execution Several persons either fled or suffered for this Râ—sing but the greatest damage fell upon Sir Edward Hales who was accused of promoting it as the like Loyal principle had in the beginning of the War endangered the Estate of Sir Edward Dering a person formerly very eminent in the House for his defence and assertion of Episcopacy These tendencies and offers of these Kentish-men towards their duty invited the King at some of their own instances also to send my Lord Hopton thitherward as he had done Sir Lewis Dives into Bedford-shire to make a new diversion and the Parliament to obviate such proceedings though in the depth of Winter dispatcht away both Essex and Waller with recruited Armies to their several charges Wallers Forces consisted chiefly of Volunteers which lifted themselves in the new Artillery-ground London where he was greatly beloved and favoured presently after his defeat at Roundway Essex marched by the way of St. Albans where Colonel Fiennes the late Governour of Bristol was Condemned and Sentenced by a Council of War for cowardize in delivering it in Ianuary and so to Newport-Pagnel which had first been Garrisoned by Prince Rupert and was of great convenience and accommodation to the intelligence and commerce besides hindrance dividing and distracting of the enemy between London and Oxford the chief Garrison for the King but now presenâ—ly abandoned upon his approach and so to Tositer and Northampton Waller to Farnham and those parts to attend the motion of the Lord Hâ—pton who
themselves if dissov'd belong unto the Crown For Ireland the King should annul the Cessation and leave the management of that Kingdome to the Scots And for the Militia that it should be managed altogether by such Commissioners as they should appoint so that the King should not have the least power of his own to assist his Neighbours and Allies or defend himself at home They had also so obstructed any hopes of a conclusion by limiting the time of the Treaty to twenty days and trying up the Commissioners with such limitations that the good effect thereof was despaired at the entrance into it Much perswasion was used by the Kings side to the Parliaments Commissioners that they would gain longer time and that the Treaty might be revived but all to no purpose And to this matter notable is that of one Mr. Love who by some private means or other was admitted to Preach before the said Commissioners there where he said It was as possible for Heaven and Hell as the King and Parliament to agree strange words to be uttered in such a juncture and in such a place and before such an Assembly but the end of that man shewed him the folly and wickedness of that expression So after two and twenty dayes Conference the Treaty ended in vain The Kings Commissioners complained of this Love but answer was made he was none of their train but the Parliament should be informed of him who would do justice upon him but the business was husht In the interim the Lord Macguire and one Colonel Mac Mahon who were as was said before seized in Dublin the night of the breaking forth of the Rebellion in Ireland and had been Prisoners in the Tower ever since and some while before broke out from thence and wading over the Moat escaped away being found in Drury-Lane London at a private house were brought to the Kings-Bench-Bar though Macguire pleaded his Priviledge of Peerage and insisted peremptorily on it while over-ruled by the Court and Parliament together and there after a Tryal both sentenced for their Treason to be hang'd drawn and quartered which they underwent with a great deal of stoutness and their way of Piety clearing the King from any privity to that Rebellion Shrewsbury a most important and strong Garrison for the King was by some treachery not yet brought to light betrayed just at the conclusion of the Treaty aforesaid to Major General Mitton for the Parliament It seems the Parliament rather tampered under-hand than dealt fair above-board and openly during the time thereof For this good service the said Major-General Mitton being a Member of the House of Commons at his coming thither had the thanks of the same given him by Mr. Speaker Abundance of Persons of Quality were surprized in this place as thinking it one of the securest Retreats in these parts the List of whom I find after this sort Eight Knights and Baronets forty Colonels Majors and Captains 200 private Souldiers some few slain About this time also Scarborough and Weymouth were taken for the Parliament and Plymouth-Siege for a while raised and a day of Thanksgiving therefore set apart Sir Marmaduke Langdale an eminent man for the King in the North was sent from Oxford to relieve Ponfract-Castle in York-shire Besieged by the Forces of the Lord Fairfax This Expedition he so prudently and valiantly underwent that in his way thither he routed Colonel Rossiter who opposed him at Melton-Mowbray and passed forward and with resolution though twice inferiour in number so charged the Besiegers that after a sharp conflict he beat them from the Siege and having relieved the Castle departed back again to the assistance of the King then threatned with a fresh and potent Army from London For the Earls of Essex Manchester and Denbigh had resigned their Commissions in the House of Peers few of their Officers also continuing in their service for whom the General Essex in a Speech when he laid down his said Commission desired that the Parliament would take care of their Debentures which they abundantly promised but performed thinly leaving them the unsatisfied name of Reformado's Their General himself having lost the opportunity of Blessing the Kingdom with a Peace when it lay in his power to which he was courted by the King a while before at Lestithiel seeing how the Pulse of the times beat and what Counsels were likely to prevail withdrew himself in a Discontent to Eltham-House in Kent where not long after he deceased as in due time shall be declared At that same time that Shrewsbury was thus surprised the Kings Forces had a Success for the handsomness though not for the consequence of it very Notable The Kings Forces had Garrisoned a repayred Castle at the Devises and Colonel Devereux had a Garrison at Roudon-House between Malmsbury and that which therefore for its inconvenience was Besieged Colonel Stephens of Glocester-shire came to its Relief with 200 Horse and as many Foot from Malmsbury and forced his passage with provision into the House While he stayed to take further order for the security of the place the Royalists surround the House again cast up a Work where he entred and keep him in and Sir Iacob Ashley comes to second the Siege with 3000 men Massey understanding this did what he could to draw off Sir Iacob by facing Cyrencester and sending a Party of Horse from Glocester which were to joyn with a like number from Malmsbury again but all in vain the besieged were compelled at last to render themselves upon very hard terms and conditions About this time there was a kind of Faction in the Kings Court at Oxford and some altercations betwixt the parties concerning the Kings Council so that some Lords Savil Percy and Andover were confined and the Parliament that this the Members of the same Houses at Westminster who adhered to the King who by the Kings Order were the year before convened at Oxford were for some Reasons and Discontents arisen about the Army Adjourned till the 10 of October But that Parliament signified nothing The House of Commons Voted that in their new Generals Commission the words For preservation of his Majesties Person should be left out and accordingly they were so And so ended the year 1644. the last of the Kings Felicity Anno Dom. 1645. WE will begin this year though we post-date the time that we may recite all the exploits in Scotland together with the actions of the renowned and ever-glorious Marquess of Montross appointed Governour of that Kingdom The year before he came into Scotland attended onely by two Mr. William Rollock and Mr. Sibbalds in whose company he came at last to his Cousin Mr. Patrick Graham in the Sheriffdom of Perth with whom he staid a while disguised till he had sent to discover the State of the Kingdom He had all along given the King information of the Scots Rebellions and siding
clock in the morning to retard the Royalists March with their Horse By five a clock they Rendezvouzed neer Naseby and immediately great bodies of the Kings Horse were discerned on the top of the hill short of Harborough which shewed that he intended not to draw away but that he would come forward and engage them on the ground where they stood which they presently took the best advantage of possessing the edge of a hill from which they afterwards retreated 100 paces that the Kings Army marching upon plain ground might not well discern in what form their Battel was drawn nor see any confusion therein The King being falsly informed that the Parliaments Army was drawing off in haste and flying to Northampton marched on with the greater precipitancy leaving many of his Ordnance behind him The place of the fight was a large fallow-field on the Northwest-side of Naseby flanked on the left with a hedge which was lined with Dragoons to prevent the annoying of the left flank of the Parliaments Army that was drawn up in this posture Leiutenant-General Cromwel commanded the right Wing of Horse wherein were five Regiments and the addition of Colonel Rossiters Troops who was newly come when the fight began and took his post there Commissary-General Ireton commanded the left Wing of Horse and Dragoons and the General and Major-General Skippon the main Battel of Foot Both the Wings of Horse charged together upon the King 's who were drawn in the same Order and marched swiftly but very regularly upon the Enemy Colonel Whaley being in the right Wing charged first two Divisions of Horse of the Kings left Wing commanded by the Lord Langdale who made a gallant resistance firing at a very close charge and came to the Sword but were by force Routed and driven back to Prince Ruperts Regiment being the Reserve of the Kings Foot But the whole Right Wing of the Parliaments advancing which was with some difficulty by reason of a Coney-warren they passed they were totally routed after a Rally made and put to flight from which they never returned to their ground again so that in this part there was an absolute Conquest The success of the left Wing which charged the right Wing of the Kings was quite contrary Prince Rupert commanding it according to his wonted custome charged furiously and broke in upon and routed the three rightmost Divisions of that left Wing which was also distressed by a Brigade of the Kings Foot in which Ireton himself charged and therein being run through the Thigh with a Pike and into the face with a Halbert was taken Prisoner and kept so till the battel and fortune of the day changing he changed his condition giving his Keeper that liberty which he timely offered and came over to Sir Thomas Fairfax The left Wing being thus routed Prince Rupert pursued his advantage and success almost to Naseby-Town in his return summoning the Train and offering them Quarter who instead of accepting it fired lustily upon him who despairing of forcing it being well guarded by Fire-locks and perceiving the Success of the right Wing of Horse retreated in great hast to the rescue of his friends whom he found in such general distress that instead of attempting any thing in their Relief being close followed in the Rear by the Parliaments Horse of both Wings who were joyned he stopped not until he came to the ground where the King was rallying his broken Forces himself in person In the main Battel the Kings Regiment Sir Bernard Ashley's and Sir George Lisle's Tertia's stood manfully to it their Horse being in the Rear of them but could no way assist them being kept from it by part of the Enemies Horse who kept them in action the other part fell in with their own Foot and joyntly poured their whole strength upon the Kings Infantry which now except one Tertia were all at mercy the Reserves being likewise routed This standing parcel of Foot Cromwel endeavoured to break with his Horse attempting them in Flank Front and Rear but in vain till the Generals own Regiment of Foot came up and fell in with the butt-end of their Musquets the Horse Charging them at the same time and so trampled them down The King had now nothing in the Field but his Horse where he himself was which he had put in as good order as the time and the near pressing of the Enemy would permit which Fairfax perceiving he resolved to stay for his Foot who were a quarter of a mile behind him that he might not put the day in hazard again As soon as they came up the Horse opened at great distance to receive their Foot in the midst of them and stood again in the same form of Battalia as before the commencement of the Fight having not onely the advantage of ground but the Kings Artillery who besides had no Foot to entertain the levelled Volleys against his Cavalry During this respite the Dragoons of Fairfax under Colonel Okey advanced a person miserable by nothing more than his valour which betrayed him to the Artifices of Cromwel in the matter of the King and with notable courage and smartness fired upon the Kings Troops his Majesty now discharging the part of a Souldier animating his men to a second round Charge upon the Horse opposite to him not yet secured by their Infantry but they soon appearing the gallantry of that resolution was lost and the danger and despair of doing any good by any further resistance prevailed against the Kings entreaties and indeed against the reasonableness of the attempt For who can but expostulate the misery of this day the Troops of those calamities that broke in upon the Kingdom sadly upbraiding the relasch and weakness of that Cavalry which might by a generous Bravery have saved themselves their honour the King and the Kingdom and which is more the innocence of the Nation But the Justice and over-ruling Wisdom of Almighty God vouchsafed not his assistance and favour to those Arms reserving the Honour and Reputation of the Cause they defended to his unquestionable all-puissant Arm that it might hereafter be transcribed to posterity from the visible and glorious manifestations of Digitus Dei Read then and peruse with thine eyes O guiltless Posterity the Fates of the flying Royalists on whom for fourteen miles the despicable condition of the Enemy but that morning proving the most potent and formidable strength the Parliamentarians did Execution no parties of them making any notable resistance but were freed from the extremity of the pursuit more by the tire of their enemies Horse than by the celerity of their own The Prisoners taken at this fight were 6 Colonels Commissioned and Reformadoes 8 Lieutenant-Colonels 18 Majors 70 Captains 8 Lieutenants 80 Ensignes 200 other inferiour Officers besides 4 of the Kings Footmen 13 of his houshold 12 pieces of Ordnance 8000 Arms 40 barrels of Powder 200 Carriages all
the life of his Martyred Majesty exempting from pardon all such as had proved themselves zealous and stout asserters of the King and his Cause Sequestrations Bonds Fines and Securities abiding the rest as to the King himself they had left him nothing but the name and Title of Regality the honour and support thereof being quite taken away The rest of them were private reserves and advantages for themselves and their partisans and some relating to the Kingdom of Ireland such an unreasonable miscellany that the Scots for pretence of honour could not digest them but scrupled at most of them as they were framed at Westminster for some of the reasons afore mentioned but swallowed then and were satisfied at their delivery at Newcastle by the Solution of Two hundred thousand pounds when in a peremptory manner as will presently be related they told him he must assent At the delivery of those Propositions on the 23 Iuly the King asked the Commissioners if they had power to Treat who replyed No then said the King Saving the honour of the business an honest Trumpeter might have done as much I hope you expect not a present Answer to this high concernment To which they answered that their time was limited to ten days By which time the King having viewed them declined them altogether though hardly be laboured and sollicited on all hands to comply with them and put into the Commissioners hands a Paper containing offers of coming to London to Treat there which they nevertheless excused themselves from sending to the Parliament whereupon the King sent this Answer to the two Houses by a Messenger of his own The Propositions tendered to his Majesty by the Commissioners c. to which the Parliament have taken up twice so many moneths for deliberation as they have assigned days for his Majesties Answer do import so great alterations of Government both in Church and Kingdom as it is very difficult to return a particular and positive Answer before the explanations true sense and right reason thereof be understood and that his Majesty upon a full view of the whole Propositions may know what is left as well as what is taken away or changed In all which he finds that the Commissioners are in no capacity to Treat with him That it is impossible for him to give such a present judgment of and answer to the Propositions whereby he shall be able to answer to God that a safe and well-grounded Peace will ensue and therefore desires to come to London upon the security of Parliament and Scotch Commissioners where by his personal presence he may not onely raise a mutual confidence betwixt him and his people but also have those doubts cleared and difficulties explayned unto him which he now conceives destructive to his Royal power if he shall give a full consent as they now stand as likewise to make known unto them his reasonable demands which he is assured will be conducible to Peace c. and will be there ready to give his assent to all Bills for the security and stability thereof not having regard to his own particular Conjuring them as Christians as Subjects and as men who desire to leave a good name behind them that they will so receive and make use of this Answer that all Issues may be stopped and these unhappy distractions peaceably settled And postscribes that upon such assurance of agreement he will immediately send for the Prince his Son not doubting of his perfect obedience to return into this Kingdom This Answer had a various reception in the House of Commons it startled the Presbyterians as who found it difficult to effect their purposes otherwise than by and with the King it tickled the Independents who did all they could by thrusting in harsh words and terms to make the King indisposed and averse to all Both became very sensible the King was not the man they took him for but a Prince of prudence and resolution no evil Counsellors being to be taxed with the penning of this as their custom was except Duke Hamilton and his Brother the Earl of Lanerick both of whom were very industrious in perswading his Majesty to consent nay even better friends than they to the King who feared this peremptoriness of the Parliament would grow to somwhat worser were almost of the same mind as far as preferring the safety of his life would indulge such thoughts whom the Presbyterians saw there was no way but by strict and undutiful restraint to bend to their will and the Independents by treachery and barbarous villanies to break and utterly to destroy Most highly incensed therefore was the Parliament at this refusal of those means which they said their most elaborate prudence and diligent ponderation of every circumstance after so long a time conducing to the King and Kingdoms happiness had prepared and digested to such an equal temperament of the rights of the King and the people The King was scandalized and reported every where as obstinate and perverse while nothing but the ipse dixit of the equity justice or reasonableness of their Propositions was produced nor was the Kingdom at all satisfied with their shallow suggestions But this served the turn with those who were glad it should be so and gratified the Rabble and the Army who fearful of a disappointment of their shares in the Ruine of the Kingdom the hopes whereof had so long flattered them more especially by the better perswasions and irresistible Arguments of money they suspecting the Issue some while before prevailed upon the Scots reason and faith and honesty to Boot who were so clearly convinced of the Kings refractoriness to the Counsel of his Parliament in denying those Propositions that they would nor could no longer maintain nor abet such his persistency therein but would leave him to the disposal of his English Parliament having first procured from him an Order and severe Injunction to the Marquess of Montross to lay down Arms though in a probable condition of recovering his late Defeat and to accept such Conditions as he could procure for him which indeed were mean and full of secret fraud and revenge against that Noble and famous Captain He was forced in the disguise of his Captains habit at his prefixed time to put himself on board an old and leaky vessel designed for him by the Estates of Scotland but pretending want of Victual and other necessaries while the time of his embarquing and set sail for Norway where it pleased God he arrived in safety and after traversed much ground solliciting the Kings cause in several forain Courts where he refused all imployments intent onely upon his Majesties affairs and at last betook himself to the Court of King Charles the second but of that and what afterwards happened to this illustrious Heroe there is yet room for another Memento The Scotch Compact being concluded the Earl of Lowdon very fairly tells the King still at
least Syllable they wrâ—â—â—â—r uttered in his behalf They desire not to be misunderstood and it is impossible for any man to understand them aright their Language and Actions being so distanced yet so plausible and swimmingly they carried it that no Party was disobliged save the Presbyterian with whom upon any slâ—nder pretenceâ— they desired and had offered to be at open defiance But their conclusion of this Epistle bewrayed all and gave some light to thâ—se designes in the dark behind in that they so voluntarily offered to disband and to take it for an honour to be dismist thoâ—gh with a Reserve of a Settlement when as a more honourable service and a most Christian work of assisting their poor Countrymen in Ireland was with so much indignation and mercilesness upbraided and refused by them But of this enough The Armies now thinking the King securely confident turned their designes upon the City which seeing they could not separate from the Parliament and because the late purge of the 11 Members had not awed them sufficiently though they had patiently enough put it up considering their insolence to the King on his demand of their Five Members the Country being lulled also by their pretences they by a Remonstrance demand the Militia of London to be put into other hands which insolent bravado inâ—â—â—gated this Petition to the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor c. of the City of London being stiled The humble Petition of the Citizens Commanders Souldiers and Officers in the Regiments of Trained-bands and Auxiliaries Apprentices Sea-Commanders Sea-men and Water-men of the same City That your Petitioners taking into serious consideration that their Religion his Majesties Honour and Safety the Priviledges of Parliament and Liberties of the Subject are at present greatly endangered and like to be destroyed and also sadly weighing with our selves what means might likely prove the most effectual to procure a firm and lasting Peace without a further effusion of Christian English-blood We are therefore entred into a solemn Engagement which is hereunto annexed and do humbly desire that this whole City may joyn together by all Lawful and possible means as one man in hearty endeavours for his Majesties present coming up to his two Houses of Parliament with Honour Safety and Freedom and that without the approach of the Army there to confirm such things as he hath granted in his Message of the 12th of May last which was his Answer to the Prâ—positions from Holdenby not inserted because insignificant to that unreasonableness of the Parliament being loth to weary the Reader with the Kings unwearied desirâ—s after Peace to no purpose in Answer to those Propositions of both Kingdoms And that by a personal Treaty with his two Houses of Parliament and the Commissioners of Scotland such things as are yet in difference may be speedily settled and a firm and lasting Peace established All which we desire may be presented to both Houses of Parliament from this Honourable Assembly The Solemn Engagement so was it called run thus Whereas we have entred into a Solemn League and Covenant for Reformation and Defence of Religion the Honour and Happiness of the King the Priviledges of Parliament c. All which we do evidently perceive not onely to be endangered but ready to be destroyed we do therefore in pursuance of our said Covenant Oath of Allegiance Oath of every Free-man and Protestations Solemnly engage our selves and Vow unto Almighty God that we will to the utmost of our power ardently endeavour that his Majesty may speedily come to his 〈◊〉 Houses of Parliament to the end here specified For effecting whereof we do protest and re-oblige our selves as in the presence of God the searcher of all hearts with our Lives and Fortunes to endeavour what in us lies to preserve and defend his Majesties Royal person and Authority the Priviledges c. and the Cities of London and Westminstâ—r and Lines of Communication and all other that shall adhere to us in the said Engagement Nor shall we by any means admit suffer or endure any kind of Neutrality in this common Cause of God the King and Kingdâ—m as we do expect the blessing of God whose help we crave and wholly devolve our selves upon in this our undertaking This was the honestest and most genuine aspect as to the fair pretences of the Covenant Presbyterâ— ever appeared in here being some realities of those many semblances that Party had made before and shewed that there was a sober misled number and that for the major part too who were onely Church-dissenters hurt onely in their opinions not festered or corrupted in their affections to the State the Kings Person and Government For they prosecuted this Confederacy so vigorously and with all manner of diligence openly averring the justice and equity of his Majesties offers listing and encouraging all men to a present undertaking of his quarrel of which more particularly by and by that the Indâ—pendents perceiving the sudden dangerous consequence thereof they prevailed upon the Houses in a Vote which they wire-drawed by arguments of the indignity and affront and breaches of Priviledge of Parliament by such illegal and Tumultuous Combinations and got it digested in a Declaration â—orbidding all subscriptions to the said Engagement See it here transcribed Saturday 14 Iuly 1647. The Lords and Commons having seen a printed Paper entituled A Petition to the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor c. and the names of divers Citizens c. together with a dangerous Engagement of the same persons by Oath and Vow concerning the Kings present coming to the Parliament upon terms far different from those which both Houses after mature deliberation have declared to be necessary for the good and safety of the Kingdom casting reflexions upon the proceedings both of the Parliament and Army and â—â—nding to embroil the Kingdom in a new War And the Lords and Commons taking notice of great endeavours used by divers ill-affected persons to get subscriptions thereunto whereby well-meaning people may be misled do therefore declare That whosoever after publication or notice hereof shall proceed with or promote or set his name to or give consent that his name be set to or any way joyn in the said Engagement shall be deemed and adjudged guilty of high Treason and shall forfeit Life and Estate as in cases of high Treason accustomed Mark how eagerly they fall upon men the very same persons credibly whom at first they had put upon the very same course to commence our Confusions that is now by their Authority high Treason which by their Lawless perswasions then was but the Liberty of the Subject the birth-right of English Free-men A good caution for the Vulgar and for such Democraticks also how they imbibe or how they instil such dangerous and leud suggestions not warranted by Law which every unhappy emergency or displeasing event may retort upon their own heads as was most apparent in the ensuing Tumults which
Propositions would they have been satisfactory did not at present sute the high and imperious humour of the Parliament yet by the good temperament and respectful behaviour of the major part of the Commissioners such a mutual confidence was wrought that the King won with their dutiful perswasion did in most of those things besides Religion and Church-lands comply with their demands and then the Parliament upon debate of the whole Treaty Voted his Concessions a ground to settle the Kingdom of which presently But a little before the conclusion of the Treaty which hapned on the 27th of Nov. the Army Cromwel being now come out of Scotland had after a long Consultation how to break it off hammered out a villanous Remonstrance on the 16th of that Month at St. Albans and on the 28th presented it to the House of Commons by Col. Ewers related to the Lord Ewers and seven Officers more the Treasonable and Execrable Heads thereof setting aside that Principle That the Magistery of the People is Supreme were as followeth First That the Capital and Grand Author of our Troubles viz. the Person of the King by whose procurement and for whose Interest of Will and Power all our Wars have been may be brought to Iustice for the Treason Blood and Mischief he is therein guilty of Secondly That a Timely Day may be set for the Prince of Wales and the Duke of York to come in by which time if they do not that then they may immediately be declared incapable of any Trust or Government in this Kingdom or its Dominions and thence to stand exiled for ever as Enemies or Traytors to die without mercy if ever after found or taken therein c. If by the time limited they do render themselves that then the Prince be proceeded with as on appearance he shall give satisfaction or not and then the Duke as he shall give satisfaction may be considered as to future Trust or not But however that the Revenue of the Crown saving necessary allowances for the Children and for Servants and Creditors to the Crown be Sequestred and the costly pomp suspended for a good number of years and that this Revenue be for that time disposed toward Publike Charges Debts and Damages for the easing of the people so as the Estates neither of Friends to publique Interest nor alone of inferior Enemies thereunto may bear the whole burthen of that loss and charge which by and for that Family the Kingdom hath been put unto Thirdly That Capital punishment be speedily Executed upon a competent number of his Chief Instruments also both in former and later Wars and that some of both sorts be pitcht upon as are really in your hands or reach Fourthly That the rest of the Delinquents English may upon rendring themselves to Iustice have mercy for their lives and that only Fines be set upon them and their persons declared incapable of any Publique Trust or having any voice in Elections thereto at least for a good number of years And that a short day may be set by which all such Delinquents may come in and for those who come not in by that day that their Estates be absolutely Confiscated and sold to the Publike use and their Persons stand Exiled as Traytors and to die without mercy if ever after found in the Kingdom or its Dominions Fifthly That the satisfaction of Arrears to the Souldiery with other publike Debts and competent reparations of publique Damages may be put into some orderly way And that therefore the Fines and Compositions of Delinquents be disposed to those uses only as also the Confiscations of such who shall be excluded from Pardon or not come in by the day assigned Now after Publique Iustice thus provided for we proceed in order to the general satisfaction and Settlement of the Kingdom First That you would set some reasonable and certain period to your own Power Secondly That with a period to this Parliament that there may be a Settlement of the Peace and future Government of the Kingdom And in order thereto First That there may be a certain Succession of future Parliaments Annual or Biennial with secure provision 1. For the certainty of their Sitting Meeting and Ending 2. For equal Elections 3. For the Peoples meeting to Elect Provided that none engaged in War against the Kingdom may Elect or be Elected nor any other who oppose this Settlement 4. For clearing the power of Parliaments as Supreme only they may not give away any Foundation of Common Right 5. For liberty of Entring Dissents in the said Representatives that the people may know who are fit for future Trusts but without any penalty for their free Iudgments Thirdly That no King be hereafter admitted but upon Election of and as upon Trust from the people by such their Representatives nor without first disclaiming all pretence to a Negative Voice against the Determinations of the Commons in Parliament and this to be done in some Form more clear than heretofore in the Coronation-Oath These Matters of General Settlement we propound to be provided by the Authority of the Commons in this Parliament and to be further Established by a general Contract or Agreement of the people with their Subscriptions thereunto And that no King be admitted to the Crown nor other person to any Office of publique Trust without express Accord and Subscription to the same This was the Basis Method and Model of Cromwels Tyranny and though he had changed his pretences according to the exigences of time and occasions yet he was fixed here as having learnt from Matchiavel that there is no readier way to an Usurpation than by destroying the Fundamental Laws and Essentials of Government and proposing pleasing Innovations to the Vulgar This he drove at in his possessed Servants the Levellers whom he put on to divulge this new secret of Empire but they thundering of it out and to try its acceptance as the rain in unseasonable weather he was content to abandon them to a shower of Bullets influenced on one of his prime Boâ—tefeus by the Command of the Parliament to the General as beforesaid in 1647 at Ware For observe the trace of his Policie after this Critical Juncture when he had superated all difficulties and removed all obstacles and you shall see how sequaciously he copied these Articles of Agreement as they were called of the people First Destroy the King as a Tyrant then exclude the Royal Progeny then disable its potent Friends and ingratiate with the mean Next Gratifie and engage the Souldiers with promise of Arrears and Establishment Then the next subsequent great work is the dissolution of the Parliament then a Chimaera of Government such as Barebones Convention And lastly A pretended Elective Tyranny under the Style of Protector which his impiety afforded him not only to subscribe but to swear to The ill news of this pestilent Paper flew amain
the antient Glory and Renown of this Nation be not buried in Irreligion and Fanatick Humour and that all Our Subjects to whom We are a Politick Parent may have such sober thoughts as to seek their Peace in the Orthodox Profession of the Christian Religion as it was established since the Reformation in this Kingdom and not in new Revelations and that the antient Laws with the Interpretation according to known Practices may once again be a hedge about them that You may in due time Govern and they be Governed as in the fear of the Lord. The Commissioners are gone the Corn is now on the Ground We expect the Harvest if the Fruit be Peace we hope the God of Peace will in time reduce all to Truth and Order again which that he may do is the Prayer of C. R. With this his Majesties final account of this unconsummated Treaty I will conclude all his State-Missives and Papers the justice and reasonableness whereof no doubt will be so convincing that there needed no other Pen to assert his Quarrel As he was the chief Subject of this History so was he the Life of it affording it the greatest light of Truth towards its composition so that these his happy Labours shall perpetuate his just Renown and make his Moral and intellectual Virtues endure together enshrined in the hearts of pious Posterity To contribute whereto as far as my humble devoir would reach I have made these Collections and so with reverential leave to their blessed Author I proceed in this Chronicle In pursuance of that accursed Remonstrance presented the 20 of November aforesaid Cromwel drew the Army into the Suburbs of London quartering them at the Mews and at York-house and afterwards into London it self the General quartering himself at Whitehall to keep the King out in defiance of the Treaty with a resolution to awe the Parliament into a non-compliance with his Majesty whose great and most reasonable Arguments for a Composure and his un-exampled Condescentions in order thereunto they could neither fairly refel or honestly refuse But notwithstanding such was the justice of God in favour of his Majesties Cause that the Parliament who had so obstinately and dilatorily to the ruine of the Kingdom rejected all his other Accommodations closed with him now For upon the 4th of December the Question being put in the House of Commons Whether the Kings Answer was satisfactory or no though the Army-party argued that they were not satisfactory because the King had not granted all their Propositions in terms contrary to the nature of all Treaties where something must be bated on both parts and so kept the business in question until 8 a Clock at night next day being Tuesday the 5â—h of December the Independents hoping by their usual trick to tire out the moderate Party it was then Resolved That the Answers of the King to the Propositions of both Houses are a Ground for both Houses to proceed upon for the Settlement of the Peace of the Kingdom This being carried Affirmatively and that so clearly that the House was not divided about it to secure this Vote and the earnest of a Peace a Committee of six Members was appointed to attend the General to keep a good Correspondencie c. but we shall now see Hell broke loose in the Armes Insolencies and Violence For these Caitiffs understanding the courage and honesty of the House resolved to play no longer with the weak Reed of Priviledge but with a bold Sword to solve the Oracle of their Villanies in thâ—sâ— ensuing complicated mischiefs To this purpose Pride Hewson and other Officers having had some Conference in Westminster Hall the Doors being shut with the Speaker sent in a Paper to the House of Commons Requiring the Impeached Members and Major-General Brown as guilty of calling in Hamilton to be secured and brought to Iustice and that the ninety and odd Members who refused to Vote against the late Scoâ—ch Engagement and all that Voted for recaling the four Votes of Non-Addresses and Voted for a Treaty and concurred in the Yesterday's acquiescing Vote in his Majesties Answers may be immediately suspended the House and that all such faithful Members who are innocent of those Votes would by Protestation acquit themselves from any concurrence that so they might know their own Goats and so be distinguished To this Paper they admitted no demur not caring for or not daigning them the consideration of an Answer but presently brought three or four Regiments of Horse and Foot and set strong Guards at the Houses-doors the Lobby-stairs and every where about the Palace admitting none but Parliament-men into the Hall where the said two Colonels and Sir Hardress Waller violently seized upon divers Knights and Burgesses of the Parliament and forcibly carried them away Prisoners others were by feigned excuses called out of the House and then pull'd away and committed likewise without any Warrant or cause shewn And though the House remaining sent the Serjeant of Mace to command their attendance when Pride would not suffer him to pass and sent likewise to the General about it declaring they would not proceed in any business without them yet the secured Members were still kept indurance while the Rump or Conventicle became of the Armies Complexion and so prevaricated and deserted their Fellows The Gentlemen thus detained were afterwards listed in a Catalogue by Hugh Peters and carried to a Victualling-place called Hell being number 41. where they were kept without Beds or other fitting accommodation all that night and the next day after a tedious attendance on the Council of Officers were committed Prisoners under Guard to two several Inns in the Strand Besides these the Belial Commanders standing several days with Lists of Names in their hands at the Parliament-door turned back from the House and debarred above 160 other Members besides 40 more who voluntarily withdrew to avoid their violence Most of those 41 Members were after much expostulation and their Protestation of this Force upon them and the Houses released Ireton insolently bidding them to look to themselves and to act nothing against the present Parliament and Army at their peril But Major-General Brown was sent Prisoner to St. Iames's where they would have put a trick upon him by a forged Letter brought thither and delivered him which he understanding their Plot would have publikely read as from the Prince The Messenger seeing his Project would not take threw the Paper into the fire and escaped as was forelaid He was afterwards sent prisoner to Windsor The remaining Juncto having met and conferred at Sommetset-house began to act at Westminster as a Parliament with whom some fawning Lords joyned and Passed an Ordinance Declaring all persons that had any way appeared for the King even by Subscribing to the personal Treaty should be incapable c. whereby the City could not find men to supply those Trusts and Places c. and
the Gallows †Col. Thomas Harrison the Son of a Butcher at Newcastle-under-line in Stafford-shire once Servant to Mr. Hulker an Attorney He betook himself to the Army in the beginning of the Wars and by Preaching and such-like sanctity came to be a Major where his pragmatical spirit cherished by Cromwel preferred him to a Colonel and the custody of the Kings person when taken from the Isle of Wight which he mos◠irreverently abused by no less sawcie behaviour than Treasonable speeches He was afterwards the great Captain of all the Schismatiques especially Fifth-Monarchy-men in whose love and no others he died and was expectedly Executed at Charing-Cross in that expiatory Month of October 1660. †Iohn Carew Brother of Sir Alexander Carew beheaded in 1644. This person was no doubt deluded by the mistaken impulses of Satan for those of the Spirit being a Rank Fifth-monarchist and so pre-disposed against all Government and Authority which he helped to strike at in the death of the King †Iohn Cook the Sollicitor of the High Court whose Plea charitably taken is his best Character that his Crime was not out of Malice but Avarice being a poor man and in a wanting Condition before he undertook this most scelerate piece of Service Better be out of practice than in such as this †Hugh Peters the shame of the Clergy a Pulpit-Buffoon a seditious abominable Fellow Trumpet to this Pageantry of a High Court of Justice the most unparallell'd Ecclesiastick in all Story or Times †Thomas Scot a Brewers Clerk then turned Country-Attorney and by countenance of the Grandees was chosen a recruit for the Borough of Wickham in the County of Buckingham so violent an Enemy of the Kings that he wished for no other Epitaph or Inscription on his Grave than Here lies Thomas Scot one of the King's Iudges but he should first have wished for a Grave †Gregory Clement a Merchant who procured and purchased a place in Parliament by the same means as he did his lustful debaucheries for the notoriety of which his Fellow-villains discarded him their Company He contributed to the destruction of his Sovereign that he might Reign in his own wickedness †Adrian Scroop a Colonel of Horse very active against the Kings Party in 1648. and more diligent against his Life and Honour at this High Court of Justice 'T is sad to think he should be allied to so Honourable a Family and so deserving and Noble a Gentleman of his own name Sir Adrian Scroop Knight of the Bath 13 Caroli 2. †Col. Iohn Iones a Serving-man of a mean fortune till the times which afforded him advantages among the ruined Loyal Welch where he was first a great Committee-man and then a recruit to the Parliament and married one of Cromwels Sisters who had as many Females to bestow as a Cardinal and might therefore be presumed on to make one in this Tragedy †Francis Hacker a Souldier of Fortune of notable Resolution and Conduct the success whereof wrought him into Cromwels familiarity from whence he had not the faculty or power to recede but was charmed into this desperate designe his being the last hand through which it passed to the Scaffold †Daniel Axtel a kind of Country-Mercer in Bedfordshire obeyed the Call as he said of the seditious Pulpits and went forth some small Officer to fight against the Mighty after many Traverses was made Lieutenant-Colonel and employed by Cromwel out of favour to him as the ready way to Greatness to be Captain of the Guard at the Kings Trial where he made his Ianizaries by blows and threats to cry out Iustice and Execution He was guilty of a great deal more but not to be mentioned with this blood in Ireland and had gotten a pretty soul Estate †Col. Okey formerly a Stoker in a Brew-house then a Chandler near Billingsgate but leaving his Trade for his hopes in the War passed through the several Commands to that of a Colonel in a very short space of time He was a daring bold Commander which rendred him open and suitable to Cromwels designes who likewise bewitched him into the Partnership of this accursed Murther †Miles Corbet of a very good Family in Norfolk chosen Burgess for Yarmouth in that County when he had no other advantage but troublesome times to recover himself which he helped forward into the ensuing Calamities Hoc faciunt mores Pontilianae Tui He was one of the Male-content Members of the former Parliament with Sir Iohn Elliot and others and now took the opportunity of wreaking all those old grudges upon the Kings life and to share himself an Estate from several great places in England and Ireland where he was in effect Lord Chancellor †Col. Iohn Berkstead once a sorry Goldsmith in the Strand and having learnt a little City-Souldiery for want of better Commanders was made Captain of a Foot-company under Colonel Ven at Windsor was afterwards Governour of Reading and by his pliantness ingratiated with Oliver who made him one of the Kings Judges afterwards preferred him to the Lieutenancie of the Tower where now his head stands These of the Kings Iudges marked with * are those that died before the Kings Return * Col. Thomas Pride a Brewer to which he ascended from a Dray man by the same steps as from thence he became a Lord he was a resolute ignorant fellow but of very good success and therefore fit to partake with Cromwel and to venture on that prime and hardy work of garbling the Parliament for him That done he deserved any employment from his Master and was put upon this which he discharged with as much brutishness * Col. Isaac Ewer descended of an Antient and Right Honourable Family in Yorkshire but the Patrimony thereof so wasted that this Cadet was forced to be take himself to the wealthier side where he profited alike in Principles He was thought fit because of his Birth to be the Kings Guardian from the Isle of Wight which he performed and afterwards to be his Murtherer His Relacion was chosen one of Olivers Lords of the other House * Thomas Lord Gray of Grooby Son to the Earl of Stamford a Colonel in the Army and so infected By the Honour of his Family he escapes a mention or condemnation for this Crime as well as others * Sir Iohn Danvers Knight Brother to the Earl of Danby a Loyal and Noble Peer Sed scio quis Deus est hunc qui tibi dividit astris The covetousness after his Brothers Estate who was made a Delinquent suckt him in and afterwards swallowed his Name and Honour in this Whirl-pool of confusion and Royal Blood * Sir Thomas Maleverer descended also of a very good Family in Yorkshire but obliged to the kindness of the two last Kings for their Honour which being above his Estate wickedly prompted him for the equalling of it to
being delivered to the Clerk of the Court the President ordered it should be read but the King bid him hold Nevertheless being commanded by the President to read it the Clerk begun The Charge being read which for its falshood and Treasonable impudence is purposely omitted as imputing to the King the Blood spilt by his presence in several Fights The President replyed Sir you have heard your Charge read c. The Court expects your Answer King I would know by what power I am called hither I was not long ago in the Isle of Wight how I came there is a longer story than I think is fit at this time for me to speak of but there I entred into a Treaty with both Houses of Parliament with as much publike faith as 't is possible to be had of any people in the World I Treated there with a number of Honourable Lords and Gentlemen and Treated honestly and uprightly I cannot say but they did very nobly with me we were upon a concluâ—ion of the Treaty Now I would know by what Authority I mean lawful there are many unlawful Authorities in the world Theeves and Robbers by the high ways but I would know by what Authority I was brought from thence and carried from place to place and I know not what and when I know by what lawful Authority I shall answer Remember I am your King and what sins you bring upon this Land Think well upon it I say think well upon it before you go further from one sin to a greater therefore let me know by what lawful Authority I am seated here and I shall not be unwilling to Answer in the mean time I shall not betray my Trust. I have a Trust committed to me by God by old and lawful descent I will not betray it to Answer to a new and unlawful Authority therefore resolve me that and you shall hear more of me President If you had been pleased to have observed what was hinted to you by the Court at your first coming hither you would have known by what Authority which Authority requires you in the name of the people of England of which you are Elected King to answer them King No Sir I deny that President If you acknowledg not the Authority of the Court they must proceed King I do tell them so England was never an Elective Kingdom but an Hereditary Kingdom for neer these thousand years therefore let me know by what Authority I am called hither I do stand more for the Liberty of my people than any here that come to be my pretended Judges and therefore let me know by what lawful Authority I am seated here and I will Answer it otherwise I will not Answer it President Sir how really you have managed your Trust is known your way of Answer is to interrogate the Court which beseems not you in this condition You have been told of it twice or thrice King Here is a Gentleman Lieutenant-Colonel Cobbet ask him if he did not bring me from the Isle of Wight by force I do not come here as submitting to the Court I will stand as much for the priviledge of the House of Commons rightly understood as any man here whatsoever I see no House of Lords here that may constitute a Parliament and the King too should have been Is this the bringing of the King to his Parliament Is this the bringing an end to the Treaty in the Publike faith of the world Let me see a legal Authority warranted by the Word of God the Scriptures or warranted by the Constitutions of the Kingdom and I will Answer President Sir You have propounded a Question and have been Answered seeing you will not Answer the Court will consider how to proceed in the mean time those that brought you hither are to take charge of you back again The Court desires to know whether this he all the Answer you will give or no King Sir I would desire that you would give me and all the world satisfaction in this let me tell you it is not a slight thing you are about I am sworn to keep the Peace by that duty I owe to God and my Country and I will do it to the last breath of my Body and therefore you shall do well to satisfie first God and then the Country by what Authority you do it if you do it by an usurped Authority that will not last long There is a God in Heaven that will call you and all that give you Power to an account satisfie me in that and I will Answer otherwise I betray my Trust and the Liberties of the people and therefore think of that and then I shall be willing For I do avow that it is as great a sin to withstand lawful Authority as it is to submit to a Tyrannical or any other ways unlawful Authority and therefore satisfie God and me and all the World in that and you shall receive my Answer I am not afraid of the Bill President The Court expects you should give them a final Answer their purpose is to adjourn till Monday next if you do not satisfie your self though we do tell you our Authority we are satisfied with our Authority and it is upon Gods Authority and the Kingdoms and that Peace you speak of will be kept in the doing of Iustice and that 's our present work King Let me tell you if you will shew me what lawful Authority you have I shall be satisfied But what you have hitherto said satisfies no reasonable man President That 's in your apprehension we think it reasonable that are your Iudges King 'T is not my apprehension nor yours neither that ought to decide it President The Court hath heard you and you are to be disposed of as they have commanded Two things were remarkable in this days proceedings It is observed That as the Charge was reading against the King the silver head of his staff fell off the which he wondered at and seeing none to take it up he stoop'd for it himself and put it in his pocket The other that the people as the King went out cried aloud and shouted God save the King while the weaker noise of hired and commanded Souldiers cried out Iustice and Execution at Colonel Axtels Threats and Bastinadoes At the High Court of Iustice sitting in Westminster-Hall Monday January 22. 1648. Upon the Kings coming a shout was made Sollicitor May it please your Lordship my Lord President I did at the last Court in the behalf of the Commons of England exhibit and give into this Court a Charge of High Treason and other High Crimes against the Prisoner at the Bar c. My humble Motion to this High Court is That the Prisoner may be directed to make a positive Answer or else the Charge may be taken pro confesso and the Court may proceed according to Justice President Sir You may remember at
Sir That which you now tender is to have another Iurisdiction and a co-ordinate Jurisdiction I know very well you express your self Sir that notwithstanding what you will offer to the Lords and Commons in the Painted-Chamber you would nevertheless proceed on here Sir because you shall know the further pleasure of the Court upon that which you have moved the Court will withdraw for a time King Shall I withdraw President Sir you shall know the pleasure of the Court presently The Court withdrew for half an hour into the Court of Wards Then the Court commanded the Serjeant at Arms to withdraw the King and to expect order for his return again The Court withdrew for half an hour and returned this withdrawing was occasioned by the importunacy and disturbance of Colonel Downs who sate next to Cromwel but Downs was quickly quieted being awed by Cromwel during this short stay President Serjeant at Arms send for your Prisoner Sir their withdrawing and adjournment was pro forma tantum for it did not seem to them that there was any difficulty in the thing the Court is now resolved to proceed King Sir I know it is in vain for me to dispute I am no Sceptick for to deny the power that you have I know that you have power enough Sir I confess I think it would have been for the Kingdoms Peace if you would have taken the pains to have shown the lawfulness of your power For this delay that I have desired I confess it is a delay but very important for the Peace of the Kingdom for it is not my person that I look on alone it is the Kingdoms welfare and the Kingdoms Peace it is an old sentence That we should think on long before we have resolved of great matters suddenly Therefore Sir I do say again that I do put at your doors all the inconveniency of an hasty Sentence I confess I have been here now I think this week this day eight days was the day I came here first but a little delay of a day or two further may give peace whereas an Hâ—sty Iudgement may bring on that trouble and perpetual inconveniency to the Kingdom that the Child that is unborn may repent it and therefore again out of the Duty I owe to God and to my Country I do desire that I may be heard by the Lords and Commons in the Painted-Chamber or any other Chamber that you will appoint me President The Court will proceed King I say this Sir That if you will hear me I doubt not but I shall give some satisfaction to you all here and to my people after that and therefore I do require you as you will answer it at the dreadful day of Judgement that you will consider it once again President Sir I have received direction from the Court. King Well Sir President If this must be re-enforc'd or any thing of this nature your Answer must be the same and they will proceed to Sentence if you have nothing more to say King I have nothing more to say but I shall desire that this may be entred what I have said President The Court then Sir hath something to say to you which although I know it will be very unacceptable yet notwithstanding they are willing and are resolved to discharge their Duty and so proceeded by way of â—iery how other Nations in all times had taken the same course with their Kings and Princes deposing and executing of them especially and more frequently in the Kings Native Realm of Scotland mis-citing and wresting and abusing the truth of History to varnish the Rhapsody and Treason of this lying Harangue of all which one most remarkable paragraph as noted by the King himself with an admiration is here inserted Sir That that we are now upon by the command of the highest Court hath been and is to Try and Iudge you for those great offences of yours Sir the Charge hath called you Tyrant a Traytor a Murtherer and a publike Enemy to the Commonwealth of England Sir it had been well if any of all these terms rightly and justly might have been spared if any one of them at all King Ha! President To do Iustice Impartially and even upon You is all our Resolutions Sir I say for your self we do â—eartily wish and desire that God would be pleased to give you a sense of your sins that you would see wherein you have done amiss that you may cry unto him that God would deliver you from Blood guiltiness A good King was once guilty of that particular thing and was clear otherwise saving in the matter of Uriah Truly Sir the story tells us that he was a repentant King and it signifies enough that he had died for it but that God was pleased to accept of him and to give him his pardon Thou shalt not dye but the Child shall dye thou hast given cause to the enemies of God to blaspheme King I would desire onely one word before you give Sentence and that is That you would hear me concerning those great Imputations that you have laid to my charge President Sir You must give me leave to go on for I am not far from your Sentence and your time is now past King But I shall desire you will hear me a few words to you for truly what ever Sentence you will put upon me in respect of those heavy Imputations I see by your speech you have put upon me that I Sir it is very true that President Sir I must put you in minde truly Sir I would not willingly at this time especially interrupt you in any thing you have to say that is proper for us to admit of but Sir you have not owned us as a Court and you look upon us as a sort of people met together and we know what Language we receive from your party King I know nothing of that President You dis-avow us as a Court and therefore for you to address your self to us and not to acknowledge us as a Court to judge of what you say it is not to be permitted and the truth is all along from the first time you were pleased to dis-avow and disown us the Court needed not to have heard you one word for unless they be acknowledged a Court and engaged it is not proper for you to speak Sir we have given you too much liberty already and admitted of too much delay c. The President commands the Sentence to be read Make an O Yes and command Silence while the Sentence is read O Yes made Silence commanded The Clerk read the Sentence which was drawn up in Parchment Whereas the Commons of England in Parliament have appointed them an high Court of Iustice for the Trying of Charles Stuart King of England before whom he had been three times convented and at first time a Charge of high Treason and other Crimes and Misdemeanours was read in the behalf of the
finde good security and other Royalists were imprisoned and got cleaverly away and in March arrived at Rotterdam in Holland where on the New-bridge he accidently met with Colonel Massey who claiming knowledge of him from Lidbury-fighâ— where they more unhappily encountred each other his Lorâ—ship was civilly and Nobly pleased â—upon the Colonels protestation of a â—â—urn and entire obedience to his Majesties Authority to pass with him in company to the Hague whither this occasion happily directs us The King our Soveraign Charles the second then kept his Court there furnished with Blacks and other mournful Emblâ—â—s of his raâ—â—â—rs Death at the charge of the Prince of Aurange whose moâ—â—â—ignal kindnesses to the Royal Faâ—â—â—y may not pass without a due Commemoration The King was here attended by the Lord Marquess of Montress the Lords Hopton Wilmot Culpeper Weâ—worth and other great Personages Sir Edward Hide Sir Edward Nicholas and a Noble though poor retinue of old Royalists who had vowed to his Majesties Fortunes The Relator was present when the Lord of Loughborough added Colonel Massey to that number both of them kissing the Kings Hand the same morning the Lord in his Majesties Privy-Chamber where he was received by the King with all possible gladness and joy of his escape and other endearments the Colonel was very respectfully and civilly treated and confirmed into the Kings Service and Trust by his Majesties gracious acceptation of his sorrow for his former actions and his resolutions of reparatory Duty The new Estates of England liked not well of his so neer neighbourhood and entertainment in a Commonwealth too and thought their greatness so formidable that it could perswade without any more trouble all places and people to his dereliction and to this purpose they insinuated the same intentions to Myn Heer Pauw the then Dutch Resident here who was sent over by the States as also another Embassador from the French besides the earnest intervention of the Scots Commissioners to intercede for the King with whom they had several discourses about the dangerous greatness of the Prince of Aurange and 't is reported the Man was made by them He departed hence about the middle of March very well pleased with the pronts of his Embassie Though they could not reach the King and though some of his best Subjects had outreached them yet many others could not so escape them Master Beaumount a Minister belonging to the Garison of Pomfret then beleagured by Major-General Lambert in place of Rainsborough who was killed and buried at Wapping neer London as aforesaid was taken for holding correspondence in cypher and by a Council of War Condemned and Hanged before the Castle presently after the Kings Death and deserves to be placed as the Protomartyr for King Charles the second But this was but a puny victime to the ensuing Sacrifices for the old pretence of Justice challenged new does by the evidence of its former administration which would have been thought but a step purposely made to their ambitious Usurpation if other blood not so obnoxious to their grand designe should not in pursuance of their declared impartial bringing to condigne punishment all sorts of Delinquents be offered up to their Idol of Liberty There was also another Reason of State in it for that the House of Lords being so easily laid aside it was requisite while the first violence was yet recent utterly to disanimate the Nobility by another as lawless more bloody infringement of their Priviledges In order to this a new High Court of Iustice was Erected by an Act to that purpose wherein other Drudges were named under the conduct of the former President for that the State-Grandees could not themselves intend such minute matters as the lives of the Peerage Before this Tribunal were brought as in the said Act were named Iames Duke Hamilton as Earl of Cambridge and Naturalized thereby in this Kingdom Henry Rich Earl of Holland George Lord Goring then Earl of Norwich Arthur Lord Capel and Sir Iohn Owen of North-Wales Duke Hamilton was the first of those that came to this Bar where he was soothâ—d by Bradshaw according to instruction in hopes he would be won to discover his partakers in the late Parliament and City and Peters to that purpose gave evidence that Lambert gave him quarter when Colonel Wait who took him denied it to the House but when the Court perceived he was not so free therein offering in lieu of such Treachery 100000 l. for his life and promising to joyn interests with Arguile in Scotland Bradshaw took him up short and for all his plea of quarter and to what he further â—rged against his Naturalization that he himself was never Naturalized but that it was his Father whose right devolved no more to him by the Civil Law than the same Franchise doth to Children in other Countries hastily was answered that in the 15 year of King Charles he was called to Parliament by Writ as Earl of Cambridge They objected against him also his breach of Faith passed to the Governour of Windsor for his true Imprisonment from whence he had escaped and was retaken in Southwark which breach he denied and challenged the Governour of untruth in that particular After much delay which he obtained in hopes of a discovery and several arguments of his Counsel assigned for him Bradshaw at last snapt him up telling him of his Treasons and Murthers and gave final Sentence The Lord Capel likewise after several brave legal Defences as his Peerage c. and his plea of quarter given by Fairfax who in open Court construed that quarter to be but a present saving from the promiscuous slaughter with a reference still to a Judicial proceeding was over-ruled they urged also against him his escape out of the Tower which he proved to amount to no more at the most of it in any other case than a bare Felony and within the benefit of the Clergy His resumed argument when all would not do was the Honour of the Sword which seeing how little those that should have justly asserted it did value he resolved to trouble himself no longer at their Bar but being demanded what he could say more for himself replied nothing but with a chearful resignation of himself to providence expected his Doom then impending over him The Earl of Holland came not to their Bar while they had finished with the other Lords by reason of his indisposition which delayed him at Warwick-Castle but such was their impatient pretensions to Justice that they got him conveyed to their High Court and as they had done by the rest over-ruled his plea which he argued in much weakness taking a spoonful of some Cordial every foot between his words of quarter given and concluded him in the same Sentence The Lord Goring so artificially and wisely pleaded to them in Form Not Guilty and withal insisted upon his Commission and Authority and harmlesness therein that he escaped
and most considerable Towns of the Kingdom still untaken any of which if they be well Garrisoned as questionless now they are will be neer a Summers work to reduce The Forts of Duncannon and Sligo the Castles of Caterlo Athlone Charlemont and Neanagh are not easie purchases the Province of Connaght is still preserved entire by the Lord Clanrickard who will be able to bring 4000 men of his own into the field now that Galloway and his Country is somewhat cleared from the infection of the Plague which begins to rage greatly in the Enemies quarters as Corke Youghall Wexford and Dublin it self Kilkenny Clonmel with several places thereabouts being left desolate with it The County of Clare in Munster brought unto the Lord-Lieutenant at a Rendezvouze at the same time above 2000 men wherewith his Excellency being invited by the Magistrates was ready to march into Limerick to Garrison that place and to make it his residence What Forces the Irish had in Vlster and towards Kerry I have already told you as likewise what Connaght and the County of Clare afforded I must adde that Hugh Mac Phelim had in Wiâ—klow and towards Wexford hard upon 2000 men and at Waterford General Preston and Hugh O Neal had little less to conclude besides all this the Lord Castlehaven the Lord Dillon and the Bishop of Drummore made account they should draw together a considerable Body in Meath and the rest of Leimster to joyn with the Marquess of Clanrickard towards the relief of Tecroghan then besieged by Colonel Reynolds Thus you may see that provided they be united amongst themselves and that means can be found of keeping them in bodies together there are men enough in Arms yet to dispute the business with an Enemy that is not half their number and whose quarters are pestered likewise with the Plague and Famine as well as theirs especially these having such strengths and fastnesses still in their hands as are almost inaccessible to Cromwels Souldiers Who after having mastered the greatest part of Munster and Leimster their supplies from England coming in but slowly have made bold at last with the people they flattered with before and altered their manner of proceedings taking from them by force what they pleased and violating their protections given making not nice to tell them they suffered them to possess their Estates but during pleasure and till they could have Planters to put into their rooms by which kind of clear dealing they have so lost and made desperate the Natives that lamenting their former too ready compliance with the Enemy they now called for the Lord-Lieutenant again and taking Arms in their hand began to rise in all quarters of the Kingdom so that it is impossible for a greater power than Ireton hath there to attend to the suppression of them all This is the perfect account of the Irish affairs whereby the first Trophees of the English Commonwealth raised themselves to greater Atchievements by a chain of successes but Winter growing on their Army was put into Winter-quarters Cromwel himself to that purpose taking up Youghall lately with Corke wherein were the Lord Inchiqueens Lady and Family revolted by the treachery of the Colonels Gilford Warren and Townsend Colonel Wogan newly defeated in his attempt in Passage-Fort and then taken prisoner by Colonel Zanchy whereupon Prince Rupert with the Constant Reformation the Convertine wherein was Prince Maurice the Swallow where was Sir Iohn Mien and some other Sips set sail from Kingsale where he had continued Blockt up most part of the last Summer by Admiral Popham and betook themselves to the Narrow Seas now that the Parliament had most of that Coast in their possession and sailed for France In the mean while Captain Young had fired the Antilope one of the Kings ships at Helvoet-sluce in Holland and the Guinny-Frigot was mastered and taken neer Scilly the Rendezvouze and Harbour of his Majesties Fleet that did very much hinder and obstruct the Trade at Sea wherein his Majesties Rebels were now principally concerned of which we shall have yet further occasion to speak in the ensuing year The Parliament had in Iune filled up the Benches at Westminster Aske from Clerk of the Crown one of their Beagles at the High Court of Iustice was made one of the Justices of the Vpper so was the Kings Bench newly called and Broughton a Clerk to the same Court had his former Office Puliston and Warberton in the Common-pleas to whom in the place of Judge Phesant Serjeant Atkins was added Colonel Rigby and Thorpe were made Barons of the Exchequer by the last of whom Colonel Morris the late noble Governour of Pomfret and Cornet Blackborne were Condemned and Executed at York on the 18 day of August at which Sessions Thorpe likewise in his Charge to the Grand-Jury magnified the late Actions of the Parliament and justified their Authority and endeavoured to shew its consonancy to the Laws which fine Oration is yet extant in Print About this time after much debate by these Judges and at the instance of the Army the Parliament passed the Act commonly called the Five Pound Act whereby Debtors in Prison upon their Oath that they were not worth five pound were discharged by Vertue whereof most of the Goals in England were emptied and room made for Cavaliers and Royalists of which party Sir Robert Heath the Noble and most Loyal Lord Chief-Justice of England being an excepted person by the Parliament died at Caen in Normandy about the end of August and Sir Kenelm Digby and Master Walter Mountague were ordered to depart the Kingdom as not being within any of the qualifications for Delinquents Composition Thus stood things at home in a Commanding and Authoritative posture we will see next how they fadge abroad and first the Scot their next Neighbours having an Army moving up and down in the North of that Kingdom to suppress the Montrossian Party which appeared in the Isles of Orkney the Marquess then bestirring himself in the Court of the Duke of Holstein for supplies and ready to Embarque having sent a forerunning Declaration wherein he recited the greatness of those condescentions to and that confidence his late Majesty had of them when he put himself into their Hands at Newark both which some wicked persons of that Nation had Trayterously abused even to the Murther of that blessed Prince and thereafter would impose Conditions and Limitations to their present Soveraign and desired all good and honest Subjects who had been misled to appear with him to the vindication of those injuries as well as reproach of the Scotch Nation c. and other Forces quartering about Edenborough had Decreed that no Provision whatsoever should he carried into England and shewed an absolute averseness to any further Treaty or Correspondence with the English but had dispatcht away the Laird of Windram one Master Libberton to the King who after his arrival at Zeland sailed to the King at
such papers found with him whereupon he was brought before a Court-Martial and there Sentenced to be Hanged which was accordingly Executed on the 13 day of Iuly against the Old-Exchange in Cornhill where he Triumpht in his suffering See we next a piece of their Justice upon an inanimate Statue the old Kings Effigies in the Old-Exchange and the same with his Fathers at the West-end of Saint Pauls the first they had ridiculously in imitation of their more scelerate cruelty decollated but ashamed of that impotent Revenge had now ordered to be taken out of its Nich altogether and under the Basis thereof these words were decreed to be inscribed Exit Tyrannus Regum ultimus Anno Libertatis Angliae restitutae primo Annoque Domini 1648. Which stood a long while a Testimony of their Guilt and a memorial to Strangers of their impudent and bold-fac'd Treason which gave not onely Truth but even Time it self the lye For never was there such a thing as the first year of the Peoples Liberty under their Anarchical Usurpation The other Statue of the King at its fall from the Gallery at St. Pauls aforesaid light upon its Feet which was taken as a good and sure Omen and Presage that His Majesties glorious Memory Fame and Posterity should recover and dure magure all the designes and present prosperous successes of His and their Enemies Myn Heer Ioachim was Resident here about the same time from the Estates-General whom the Parliament because the said Estates had refused to give Audience to Mr. Strickland their Agent had sent home having limited his stay here to a prefixed time but at his departure gratified him with the free transport of some able Horses expressing likewise their desire of Amity at the same time they were somenting a Rebellion in France by offering aid to the City of Burdeaux then in Arms against their Soveraign hoping to make all the world follow their humour and that as their Libellers said the Government thereof might return to that Form and Constitution it obtained most universally before the Ambition and Tyranny of Single Persons within 1600 years last past had invaded and overthrown it the great motive and argument used to the Dutch for a neerer and strict alliance with that Plebeian Authority and Free-State The Duke of York had for a good while after the Kings departure continued at Iersey in which time Sir Richard Lane Lord-Keeper of the Seal died there until the latter end of August whereabouts he arrived at the Louvre in Paris bringing with him a considerable sum of Money the value of such Prizes as his Iersey-Frigats had brought in intending speedily to go thence into Holland which journey he pursued In London on the 22 of the same month Eusebius Andrews a former Royallist and Secretary to the Lord Capel being trepan'd a word newly heard in England being a Denomination of a leud sort of people that prostituted Strumpets under pretence of their being their Wives and having deprehended persons of Estates by a signe given in the Fact prosecuted them at Law to the recovery of great damages by one Bernards formerly his Major and engaged in a kind of Plot against the Parliament who having made a most accurate legal Plea against the lawfulness and Authority of the High Court of Iustice and notably defended himself was notwithstandnig Sentenced as a Traytor and had the favour onely of altering the manner of his Execution which was by the Axe on Tower-hill where he died like other Martyrs before him full of joy and blessed hope Sir Iohn Gell who had been one of their prime Champions in the beginning of the War was now in recompence of his service principally aimed at and endeavoured to have been wrought into the same Confederacy by the innocent sollicitation of Colonel Andrews and the partaking of his Man Captain Benson therein who was to that purpose onely concerned in this Plot of their own contrivance being both an old Reformade and so obnoxious to them for Arrears and inveterated discontent and a Presbyterian of which Party Sir Iohn was thought the onely Chieftain but he wisely and prudently declining all such matters save a professing himself the Kings Servant when opportunity should serve though the High Court of Iustice did what they could to bring him within the danger of their new Act of new Treason after several hearings at their Bar he was found onely guilty of Misprision of Treason for Concealing of it and to lose his Estate and suffer perpetual Imprisonment but Benson and Astly were Condemned and Benson October 7 Executed at Tyburn where he Loyally and Christianly taxing their treacherous cruelty and ingratitude finished his Course In Ireland the resolute Garrison of Tecroghan Governed by the Lady Fitzgarret with the same prudence and magnanimity as Latham-House was by the Countess of Derby in England having endured a very hard and long Siege rendred at last to the Parliaments Forces on the 26 of Iune and that as ennobled place for brave defence the Garrison of Duncannon where the famous Colonel Wogans Royalists resided together with Waterford surrendred on the 20 of August ensuing upon very good terms considering how the Plague and the Enemy had so destructively annoyed them and the Lord Preston the Governour Sailed into France Caterlogh and Charlemont two more important places followed the same Fortune and gave the Parliament such hopeful assurance of a sudden plenary Conquest that they were thinking of transporting some of their Foot thence into the West of Scotland where Sultan Cromwel was now practising hoping to gain Colonel Ker and Straughan a kinde of Puritan-Presbyterians of the last Edition over to their Party All in a Zealous way for the Gospel put up in Bags here at London for their new gude Brethren of the Rebellious Kirk of which fine juggle more anon Several jealousies animosities and discontents were now reigning among the Scots more supremely than the Kings Authority the Kings friends wholly discountenanced and laid by even Presbyterians themselves no way understanding one another some willing to give the King His Rights without more stipulation and Engagements others of them thinking they could not sufficiently debase His Authority and that it should wholly depend on the Kirk and to that purpose several irreverend Postulata were put to him beyond the Tenour of the Treaty at Breda and in fine that party prevailed so as that the Army then on foot was in effect but very little for the Kings Interest and Service but was wholly at the disposal of the rigid Covenanters This was not unknown to Cromwel who thereupon never ceased Scribling and Divulging of the English Armies good intentions to the people of Scotland With whom they have no Quarrel but against a Malignant powerful Faction who had brought in the King to the disturbance of the Publike National Peace and Frendship betwixt the two People and that he was willing by Conference to give
of Lords which he at first refused to accept as being a Diminution to his Masters Greatness but at last was forced to accept of the Lord-Commissioner Whitlock Major-General Harrison Sir Henry Vane Thomas Challoner and others being appointed thereunto He delivered his Credentials which were to the Parliament of England and made an excellent Rhetorical Harangue setting forth the Constant Friendship betwixt both Kingdoms and the Civilities they had received formerly and of late from the English and desiring that the late mis-understanding might occasion no further breach thereof but that a firm and new League might be ratified as formerly He had answer that the Committee would report his Message to the Parliament and so after a mutual Salutation upon the Embassadors rising from his Chair he withdrew with the same attendance But the reason he had no solemner Reception was the pride and opimonastry the States had of themselves by the Courtships and flattering Insinuations of the Spanish Kings Embassador who had likewise desired Audience of them and came with a most welcome acknowledgement of their Commonwealth and it was a reciprocal kindness to him not to allow the Portugal his pretended Rebel and a much less potent Prince the said Grandeurs and Legatory Honours considering besides the uninterrupted amity that had yet been maintained by the Spaniard On the 16 of December therefore Don Alonzo de Cardenas who had lain Leiger Embassador in the Kings time throughout the War was with all State received to Audience in the Parliament-house he having delivered his Credentials to the Speaker which were directed Ad Parliamentum Reipublicae Angliae and Conducted back again with large protestations of friendship and good correspondence on their part to be inviolately observed During these Forrain Agencies the New State was Alarmed with an Insurrection in Norfolk where some hundreds of men were gathered together Declaring for King Charles the second but the County-Horse quartering at Lyn and a Troop of Rich's men that were neer at hand being there before having some intelligence of the designe presently dispersed them most flying into Lincolnshire and saved the London-Forces the trouble of a long Journey who were then on their way To try these Insurrectors a High Court of Iustice was Erected by the Parliament at Norwich the Members and Commissioners whereof chose out of themselves Justice Iermin their President and Justice Puliston and Warberton to be his Co-adjutors Those Condemned 24 whereof 20 were Executed the chief of those thus Condemned were Mr. Cooper a Minister in the same County who was Executed at Holt and died a Loyal and Christian Martyr Major Saul formerly an Officer in the Kings Army and a Merchant and a Brewer in the City of Norwich There were several persons of quality besides as Sir Iohn Tracy Gibbons Esq. and others secured and committed but no proof coming in they were at last acquitted While we mention the High Court of Iustice a very remarkable instance of the Justice of Heaven the Highest Court deserves mention One Anne Green a Servant in Sir Thomas Read's House at Dunstu in Oxfordshire being supposed to be gotten with Childe by one of that Family as the woman constantly affirmed when she had no temptation to lye neer the fourth Month of her time with over-working her self by turning of Malt fell in Travel and not knowing what the matter might be went to the House of Office and with some straining the Childe not above a span-long and of what Sex not to be distinquished fell unawares as she all along affirmeth from her Now there appearing the signes of such a thing in the Linnen where the Wench lay and carrying a suspition thereof and she before confessing that she had been guilty of such matters as might occasion his being with Child thereupon a search was made and the above-said Infant was found on the top of the Jakes and she after three days from her delivery being carried to the Castle of Oxford was forthwith Arraigned before Mr. Crook sitting as Judge in a Commission of Oyer and Terminer and by him Sentenced to be Hanged which was Executed on the 14 day of December in the said Castle-yard She hung there neer half an hour being pulled by the Legs and struck on the Brest by divers Friends and above all received several stroaks on her Stomack with the But-end of a Souldiers Musquet Being cut down she was put into a Coffin and brought to a house to be Dissected before a Company of Physicians according to appointment by Doctor Petty the Anatomy-Reader in that University When they opened the Coffin to prepare the Body for Dissection they perceived some small ratling in her Throat and a lusty Fellow standing by thinking to do an act of Charity stamped upon her Breast and Belly Doctor Petty Mr. Willis of Christ-Church and Mr. Clerk of Magdalen-Colledge presently used means and opening a Vein laid her in a warm Bed and caused one to go into Bed to her and continued the use of divers Remedies respecting her senselessness Head Throat and Brest so that it pleased God within 14 hours she spoke and the next day talked and prayed very heartily and was in a hopeful way of perfect health whereupon the Governour presently procured her a Reprieve thousands of people coming to see her and magnifying the just providence of God in asserting her Innocency of Murther After two or three days of her recovery when Doctor Petty heard she had spoken and suspecting that the Women about her might suggest unto her to relate of strange Visions and Apparitions to have been seen by her in that time wherein she seemed dead which they had begun to do having caused all to depart the room but the other Gentlemen of the Faculty she was asked concerning her sense and apprehensions during that time she was Hanged At first she spake somewhat impertinently talking as if she had been now to suffer and when they spake unto her of her miraculous deliverance from so great sufferings she answered That she hoped that God would give her patience and the like Afterward when she was better recovered she affirmed and doth still that she neither remembereth how her Fetters were knocked off how she went out of the Prison when she was turned off tâ—e Ladder whether any Psalm was sung or not nor was she sensible of any pain as she can remember Another thing observable is that she came to her self as if she had awakened out of a Sleep not recovering the use of speech by slow degrees but in a manner all together beginning to speak just where she had left off on the Gallows I have thought this occurrence no way unworthy of a Remembrance in this Chronicle but very fit to be transmitted to Posterity for Gods Glory and Mans Caution in Judging and punishing Several Acts passed the Parliament this Ianuary as namely for continuance of the Committee for the Army and Treasurers at War
discourses were concerning his Death as either partie wished for he was brought very low but being recovered to some degree of Health by these Gentlemen it was presently sounded like a Proclamation and I have therefore thought fit to transcribe a piece of the Letter that the World may see what queer Hypocrites his Attendants like himself and his times were by the pious Nonsense and most Blasphemous Flattery of this Apocryphal Epistle If I knew the Secretary or Inditer I would Chronicle him for his Pen. Truly Sir His Life and Health are exceeding precious and I account it every day a greater mercy than other that we have his Life observing that every dispensation of God draws him nearer to himself and makes him more Heavenly and Holy and by consequence more useful for his Generation in the management of that power God hath Committed to him c. The Parliament of Scotland after long debate had Passed an Act of Olivion for all things done thitherto inviting thereby all Parties to joyn in carrying on the Service of King and Kingdom and a new Engagement with the Sacrament was taken by the Kings Army to adhere to him whereupon all Faction and Division seemed to be laid aside the Royalists and Kirk-men good Friends and the Earl of Calendar made Commander in chief of the new Levies and this newly made Peace and Friendship was no more than just necessary for the Wolf was at the Door and ready to seize In the interim it was thought expedient for some of their Horse to march to Dumfrize in the West of Scotland now deserted by the Enemy and to make more considerable Levies On the 7 of May Mr. Love Mr. Ienkins Mr. Drake and other Presbyterians had been seized by order of the Council of State in order to their Tryal before the High Court of Iustice as yet standing by Adjournments and having three times convened before them old and resolute Sir Iohn Stawel who so gravelled them that at the third Hearing they were forced to desist from the pursuit of his Blood and making report thereof to the Parliament they Voted the sale of his Estate giving him sad cause to complain with Iob With the Skin of my Teeth am I escaped making an exception to that general Rule Vestigia cerno omnia te adversum spectantia nulla retrorsum He first escaping Condemnation at that Tribunal Now the aforesaid Ministers with some Laicks Engaged in the said practise for the King were brought thither and Mr. Love first and principally charged with High Treason against the State for holding correspondence with the King and his Party and supplying them with Money contrary to an Act of Parliament in that case provided After several appearances in all which Mr. Love very undauntedly disputed the Court one Mr. Iackson a Minister denying to give in Evidence against him was fined 500 l. and committed to the Fleet which made him more passionate and confident but the accusation being at last proved against him he desired Lawyers to assist him and had them assigned but they not having taken the Engagement would not be admitted to Plead Mr. Hales onely excepted In sum his main defence appearing to be equivocal in that he averr'd he did not personally correspond neither Write nor receive Letters nor send any or receive any Money to that use himself and to consist also of an allegation of his merits mixt with invectives against the Court and its Authority which he aided with Scripture-proof in an Oration of two hours on the 15 of Iune On the 5 of Iuly they proceeded to Sentence which was that he should be Beheaded the time appointed the 15 day of the same Month which by several Petitions of his Wife and others was respited to the 15 of August And in the mean time on the 18 of the same Month Mr. Potter an Apothecary in Black-friers and one Mr. Gibbons were tryed before the same Court Potter confessed and craved their mercy Gibbons pleaded matter of Law but on the 25 of Iuly they were both Sentenced as Mr. Love who not coming up to the Parliaments expectation of discovery and more humble submission and acknowledgement of their Authority and the King advanced into England had his Reprieve cassated by the Parliament who referring him to the High Court of Iustice they ordered his Execution with Gibbons on the 22 of August which was done on Tower-hill accordingly Mr. Love resolutely enough and I am loath to prejudice his Memory for his designe was good proof of his Loyalty Gibbons bewrayed something of pusillanimity as being a Taylor and after a kind of Sollicitor to Mr. Hollis for whose relation more than his own guilt he was thought fit to suffer for when the Blow was just a coming upon his Neck he turned his Eyes and Face towards the Executioner in hopes or desire at least of some Reprieve but present Death freed him with other troubles and sollicitudes of Life from that sudden anxiety And so we have done with our High Court of Iustice for this Session This High Court of Iustice was so much their darling that the antient Judicatures had little or no respect especially they could not endure any of those Courts that more immediately related to the King and as they had changed the name of his Bench to the Vpper-Bench so now that there might remain no footsteps of a Court or the Majesty of a Prince they abolished the Marshals-Court at Southwarke which was a kinde of a peculiar Kings-Bench for the Verge that is 12 miles circuit every way round the Kings Residence and Palace that there might be no annoyance nor disorder committed neer his Person It was resolved therefore Iuly the 8 that the Court of the Knight-Marshal held in Southwarke should be from and after the first of August next absolutely dissolved and taken away and no further Suit Action or Proceeding to be had thereupon About this time they passed another Act which as that struck at the Root of the Royalty of England so this lopt the Branches that clave to it viz. An Act for the sale of Delinquents Lands such as had with the utmost of their Lives and Fortunes served the late King in our unnatural Wars It will be needless and too bulky to name them particularly we will mention onely some of the principal the Duke of Buckingham the Marquesses of Newcastle Worcester Winchester the Earls of Cleveland Norwich Scarsdale the Lords Hapton Wilmot Langdale Gerard Cottington Iermin Percy Culpeper Hide and lastly the Lord Craven whose Princely Estate was enough to help them to a quarrel against him which they managed by a perjured Fellow one Faulkner into a suspition of Treason he deposing that the said Lord Craven had delivered a Petition to the King at Breda from him and other Cavalier-Officers wherein the Parliament were termed Bloody and Barbarous Rebels and Traytors This wretched subornation was laid
to be to consult any such thing though by the like practises his Father lost his Life and that he feared he should not die right in his Favour for being suspected of such a thing and then most courageously stooped to the Block With him upon the same Scaffold suffered the Portugal Embassador's Brother then Residing with Oliver by Name Don Pâ—ntaleon-Saâ— â— He had a while before made a Riot in the New-Exchange upon conceit of an Affront or some scorn cast upon him there and killed one Greenway a Gentleman standing quietly at a Stall no opposition being made but by this Colonel Gerrard who was now fatally joyned with him in Death The Murther was Committed by a Knight of Maltha who escaped but this Nobleman and four more of the Embassador's Servants among whom was an Irish youth were arraigned before Chief-Justice Rolls Sir Henry Blunt and Recorder Steel Tichburn and others joyned in a Commission of Oyer and Terminer and Tried by a party-Jury of English and Forrainers as of custom and though he at first refused to Plead alledging his Quality he was at last Convicted and Condemned He had made an Escape by the civil industry of the Lady Philip Mohun and attempted it again but was retaken and now Beheaded After the Priests and he had prayed upon the Scaffold he shewed some little aversion of Dâ—ath but whether out of anger or fear is uncertain the people and spectators shewing different passions at the fall of both these Victimes to crafty Tyranny and impartial Justice This was done upon the King of Portugal's order to whom the cause and Execution of Justice in his own Kingdom was first remitted The Embassador soon after the conclusion of a Peace disconsolately departed The Irish Youth suffered at Tyburn the rest were Reprieved and afterwards Released In the same month a ship on Southwark-side took accidental Fire as she lay at Anchor which being cut away the ship as Providence would have it was driven by the flowing Tide upon a Shelf neer the Bridge where she stuck and blew up her powder There were 8 persons killed one a Draper upon his Leads on the Bridge by a Plank of the said ship and had the blow been any nigher it would have broke that famous Pile Another ship neer the same time fired in Fresh-wharf neer the Bridge likewise and generally there were many and very sad Conflagrations that attended this Boutefeu and his Usurpation and as memorable unruly accidents ended it as by the sequel will appear We will now cursorily run over the Highland-War of Scotland where notwithstanding those many divisions and animosities concerning Command that were between the Commanders in this Scotch Army the Earl of Glencarn stomacking the supream Command to be conferred upon General Middleton which was thought the best expedient to unite all Divisions amongst them the said Royal Party was yet re-inforced to the number of 3 or 4000 men whom both General Monke and Colonel Morgan in distinct Bodies and several ways attended Morgan was about Loughaber and Loâ—ghness in the Western Highlands about Arguile's Country and keeping close at the Heels of them who ever and anon took over the Mountains and gave them the slip for it was by no means advised to venture an Encounter but tire their Enemy out and nothing but invincible patience and resolution could have endured it For beâ—ides the want of Provisions in that scarce barren Country against which the Souldiers were armed onely with Bread and Cheese which they eat 20 days together that Nature could hardly discharge it self the Ways were most times so abrupt that hardly more than one could go abreast and over the Hills if a Horse-Foot slipt men were in danger of breaking their Necks down the Precipices and Horse and Man sure to be lost no Quarter to be had but in the Glens and great happiness was it counted to meet with them and fresh Water neer which to pitch Tents the General chearfully undergoing the same necessities After much Traversing these difficult ways which were notwithstanding easie as usual to the Highlander it was the Fortune of Colonel Morgan to light upon General Middleton neer Badgenoth at one of those narrow Passes now proving incommodious to the Natives themselves for they could neither well fight nor retreat so that they Engaged in no order nor figure and after a short Medly or Tumult rather than Battle were forced to flie the General endeavouring what he could to resist his misfortune was so neer being taken that he lost his Commission and Instructions and one of his rich Coats with a Sumpter-horse This happened on the 19 of Iuly and was the total defeat and suppression of that War For immediately the Earl of Glencarn with 500 men submitted at Dumbarton and though there happened some puny Skirmishes afterwards as the defeating of a party of the Earl of Athol Captain Elsmores taking of Sir Arthur Forbes and routing of Mac Naughton at Glenlyon and Captain Lisle with a party from Colonel Cobbet Governour of Dundee defeated the Earl of Kinoule and took him and the Lord Diddup and Lieutenant-Colonel Mercer Prisoner who was returned now to Edenburgh-Castle and the young Marquess of Montross routed by Blair-Castle yet Submissions and Treaties spent most of the time that the Lord Middleton with the Earl of Seaforth staid in Scotland who now with a small party of the Clans were in Catheness the Lords Forrester and Kenmore the Earl of Athol and Marquess of Montross capitulated desiring onely the Terms and mitigation of Fines the Earl of Glencarn had at his Rendition at Dumbarton-Castle Lorn now flew again into Arms to colour those late Treacheries and Treasons he now underhand managed for Cromwel and joyned with Mac Naughton who had surprized Colonel Brayn and Captain Nichols Governour of Innerâ—ra-Castle as they thinking themselves secure in the Confines of the Lowlands had dismiss'd their Convoy and made his Terms by that lucky surprize to his advantage Generally the Noble General Monke gave very obliging Conditions and so did Twisleton and Morgan by his order to those that capitulated with them and shewed all the favour that could be expected in point of Fines and Forfeitures which firmly obliged the Nobles and Gentry to him for the future which no doubt he had then principally in his Eye and also invited General Middleton and the Earl of Seaforth to enter into Treaty with him which was managed and in a manner concluded by Major-General Drummond but rescinded by Middleton as was alledged here because of the English insistency upon the former Fines and Security but judged as proceeding from a principle of Honour and Right since this departure of the King's Lieutenant with Conditions obtained from the Enemy might be construed a Cession of that Kingdom to the Usurper as the Lord Ormond with great Punctilio given him a very noble Precedent He departed not till the beginning of the next year and Glengary had the honour
entailing his Estate upon his Grand-son as divining what his Son with whom he died in feud would come to General Blake was yet in the Streights demanding satisfaction of the Algier-Pirates for the depredations committed on the English and required the delivery of the Captives of our Nation whose number was very great but neither of these would be hearkned to whereupon Blake sent in a threatning Message to which they returned in scorn and contempt this Answer Here are our Castles of Guletto and Castles of Porta Ferino do what you can do ye think we fear the shew of your Fleet A Council of War being called upon this daring affront it was resolved to Burn those ships in Ferino in defiance of their Stone-line Forts and Castles well furnished with Ordinance and manned with the whole Country adjacent On the 4 of April the attempt was made Blake and the greater ships with their seconds coming within Musquet-shot of the Castle and Line which in two hours time they rendred defenceless dismounting all the Great Guns and clattering the Stones so about their Ears that the Enemy abandoned them having seen their nine Ships and Frigats burning in the mean time which was done by Boats from every ship during this hot service atchieved in this honourable manner Blake set sail again to the same place and renewed his Demand and was Answered in another strain that not Ours but now Those were the Castles and ships of the Grand Seigniour who would be sure to require an account of them In conclusion they came to Treat and did what they were beaten to for else they saw their Thieving Trade would be short Nathaniel Fiennes second Son to the Lord Say and the once-famous Governour of Bristol was made Cromwel's Lord Privy-Seal Recorder Steel a growing Favourite for his Speeches Lord Chief-Baron and Lambert yet above-board Lord-Warden of the Cinque Ports and soon after Serjeant Glyn was made Lord Chief Justice of England Mr. Parker and Vnton Crook the Father made Serjeants For Military Commanders Colonel Reynolds was â—ow Knighted and ordered to carry it with him to grace Henry Cromwel then preparing â—or his journey into Ireland to be inaugurated Lord-Lieutenant in place of Fleetwood where he arrived in the middle of Iuly and Captain Vnton Crook was rewarded for his late service with 200 l. per annum The Scoâ—câ— Council was nominated and dispatched also viz. General Monke Lord Broughill President Colonel Howard now Earl of Carlisle Colonel Adrian Scroop Colonel Cooper Colonel Wetham Mr. Desborough Colonel Lockhart Laird Swinton and Downing Secretary It was omitted that Sir Gilbert Pickering was entituled Lord-Chamberlain to Oliver and that he had a Guard of Halberdiers in Grey-coats Welted with Black-Velvet in the same manner and custom as the Kings of England used them but this Satellitium and Band of Bailiffs was rather out of fear than in regard to the honour of their Attendance Sir William Constable one of the Kings Judges Governour of Gloucester and the last of his Name which rots in his dust died now and was buried in the Military way in Henry the 7th's Chappel lighted into his Tomb with a terrible Fire in the opposite Town of Lambeth A new Plot was now started and most of the Nobility and Gentlemen of England secured Sir Geoffrey Palmer Lord Willoughby of Parham Lord Lovelace Earl of Lindsey Lord Newport and Sir Richard Wingfield Lords Maynard Petre Lucas and Faulkland Sir Frederick Cornwallis c. and this done by Manning whose Villany was not yet discovered though to render an entire account of him his death was before related County-Troops were now also established for security to his Highness such Trooper 8 l. a year pay and more in case of service a Captain 100 l. and Officers proportionably and as these new Forces were raised here so were other old ones disbanded in Scotland and Ireland in which last place the Disbanded were yet to be the same kinde of standing Militia they being setled in the Rebel Forfeited Lands their Tenure being their service and thus that Kingdom was re-peopled An Agent that had come hither from Ragotski Prince of Transilvania now departed the Conspiracy betwixt whom and the King of Sweden and the Swede and Cromwel was just ripe for Execution For the terrible news came that Carolus Gustavus with an Army of 20000 Swedes was landed in Pomerania and fallen into Poland and that the Palatinate of Posen had submitted and the Vice-Chancellor Radzikousky was come in and complied with that King and little doubt was made of his over-running that Kingdom the like Treachery and other divisions among the discontented Nobility opening him a way Cromwel's reach in this War was to divert the Emperour who was arming apace in aid of the King of Spain and defence of the House of Austria against the French as foreseeing also the rupture of the Peace with the Spaniard by Cromwel in the Low-Countries and a Peace once by this ballance effected to espouse the quarrel of our King to the same purpose the Transilvanian was engaged who like a stormy Cloud hung over the Imperial Dominions so that no assistance could be had from this part of the World This highly disappointed the Spaniard and retarded those hopes of our King in order to his Restitution by Arms. He was yet at Colen and caressed by several Princes who Honoured his Privacy among many others the Landtgrave of Hessen gave him an honourable Visit and Prince Rupert returned from the Emperour gave him his due attendance to evidence that the Relation of a King in some such cases may be without a Kingdome or Subjects A Swedish Embassador Named Christian Bond arrived here neer the same time and was in great State received according to the Amplitude of his Highness and Rolt a Bed-chamber-man of this Altess was sent recipocrally to the King of Sweden but was neer quitting the Cost of his Journey by a terrible Storm About the time the news came of his getting ashore in safety Hannum a most notorious Thief suspected of the Robbery of the King at Colen in which parts he was no stranger broke Prison and escaped likewise From the noble Exploit of Porta Ferino Blake sailed to Cadiz and those parts of Spain where he found that the Armada of Spain was at Sea to look after the arrival of their India-Fleet and it fell out that the English and Spaniards met together in those Seas the Spaniards being 32 ships in all but no quarrel happened for neither had Commission to right The same indifferent but more cowardly temper at the same instant in August made the Iamaica-Fleet returning home suffer the longed-for Plate-Fleet to pass untought when discovered in the Gulf of Florida upon their Voyage to Spain so that none of the Fates were wanting to make this the most unglorious undertaking of the English Upon a resolution taken by a Council of War at Iamaica the greatest
the Rolls Officers Attending Henry Middleton Serjeant at Arms. Mr. Brown Mr. Dove Judges of both Benches Iohn Glyn Lord Chief-Justice Pet. Warburton Justices of the Upper-Bench Rich. Nudigate Justices of the Upper-Bench Oliver St. Iohn L. chief-Chief-Justice Edward Atkins Justices of the Com. Bench. Matthew Hale Justices of the Com. Bench. Hugh Windham Justices of the Com. Bench. His Barons of the Exchequer Robert Nicholas Iohn Parker and Roger Hill Serjeant at Law Erasmus Earl Atturney-General Edmund Prideaux Sollicitor William Ellis Serjeants at Law called by Him to the Bar. Richard Pepys 25 Jan. 1653. Thomas Fletcher 25 Jan. 1653. Matthew Hale 25 Jan. 1653. William Steel 9 Febr. 1653. Iohn Maynard 9 Febr. 1653. Rich. Nudigate 9 Febr. 1653. Tho. Twisden 9 Febr. 1653. Hugh Windham 9 Febr. 1653. Vnton Crook 21 June 1654. Iohn Parker 21 June 1654. Roger Hill 28 June 1655. William Shepard 25 Oct. 1656. Iohn Fountain 27 Nov. 1656. Evan Sithe But to proceed after Cromwel had made that fair Speech Fiennes the Lord-Commissioner of the Seal resumed by his order the discourse which was to beg more Money for Cromwel's Heart could not stoop to such Humble Oratory declaring That the Money granted though thought sufficient fell much beneath the expence and necessity of the State especially that Tax of the new Buildings failed altogether of what was expected and intended by it and so recommended the whole affair to their consideration Being sate in the Houses as aforesaid the other House sent to the Commons by two of their number a Message for a day of Humiliation but were returned with this Answer The House would consider of it and then they fell upon a Vote for two Months time to exhibite any Petitions against undue Elections and assented to a Humiliation which was kept within the Walls of both Houses by Dr. Reynolds and Mr. Caryl Mr. Calamy and Mr. Griffith half Presbyterian half Independent as was the temper and constitution of this Assembly This past they fell a questioning the Frame of the Government which their fellow-Members had erected during their Seclusion which yet notwithstanding was carried but by two Voices in the Affirmative and in a resolution of unravelling it all again they proceeded very fiercely which being told at White-hall allarmed on the other ear with danger from abroad and that the designe had already footing in some of the adjacent Counties Cromwel dallied not with this two-handed necessity but to rid himself of the nearest first accompanied with his Guards he by Water came to the other House and sent for the tother and having ranted away a quarter of an hour out of the old Bias for now he plainly perceived the old stales would not serve and that his Life and Greatness lay at the same stake to break them up he broke forth into very rash and cholerick Language to which as a pertinent resolution corollaâ—y and period he added an adjuration to the stain of his larved sanctity in these or such Words By the Living God I must and do dissolve you As to the Royal Enterprize it was begun ever since the Investiture of Oliver who suspecting such practises had with Money debauch'd the Fidelity oâ— Sir Richard Willis and one Corker a Parson as aforesaid that now professed Physick and made always one at any Match or Horse-race whatsoever and being a noted Royalist scrued himself into all Royalists Company and Discourse The Treachery of these men was employed and now manifested in this affair and thereby Cromwel was certified that the Marquess of Ormond personally laboured in tâ—â— Intrigue and for that purpose was arrived in England to lead the Forces of the Loyal Combination which were instantly to be seconded with an Army out of Flanders Just therefore as the designe was ripe he emitted out a Proclamation of twenty miles and seized divers eminent Royalists and among them Sir Richard Willâ—s and Feak the frantick roarer of Sermons was sent to bear them company but soon after when this danger from the Kings party was more compert released The Marquess of Ormond latitating somewhere in Sussex very difficultly by the assistance of one Mr. Graves a Gentleman of that County got away in a small Boat and escaped seizure so neer was he set and the designe so particularly discovered While those were the private close Intrigues at White-hall more publique ones were agitating in the Army in the three Kingdoms from every Regiment whereof Addresses were signed and sent to the Protector wherein they glanced upon the late Parliament and offered themselves and more than they were worth to the defence of his Highness's Person and Government against the Common and Secret Enemy the like came from Mardike who joyned with some French had made an excursion towards Graveling and surprized and taken two out-Forts and so returned the same Complement came also from the County-Troops and their Officers who attended the Sheriffs and succeeded in the room of the Major-Generals now for their Exorbitances and dangerous power even to their Author and because the work for which they were called was over laid aside in place of Liveries to lessen as was pretended the charge of that place but in truth the Protector knowing he could not be served â—aithfully by the Gentry would name such no matter whom as he could confide in and the expence of retinue and treating the Judges being taken off a Yeoman or Tradesman of the well-affected might serve turn and make profit of his place as in all other Offices of the Commonwealth and in this very prick for the year coming of 58 Cromwel observed the Rule he had given which was in its place omitted The Victorious Blake returning into England from the Coast of Spain having awed all the Ports and Harbours thereof fell sick by the way of a Disease his Seafaring had brought upon him the Scurvy and Dropsie and died just as the Fleet was entring into Plymouth-Sound where he passionately enquired for the Land A man of eminent Fortitude both active and passive A master of as many Successes and Atchievements as any person except Cromwel being never Worsted but once in his whole Warfare and that was in the Downs by Van Trump and had merited exceedingly of his Country had he been as tender of its Home-bred as Forrain Honour of which he was jealously observant it serving for his argument to keep the Fleet free from any Divisions of Factions upon the news of the several changes in England He was buried with a handsome Funeral just in the same manner as General Dean was from Greenwich but especial notice was taken of Colonel Lambert's then in disgrace attendance on his Horse between whom there was it seems a more intimate correspondence He was Interred in Hen. 7th's Chappel as other of the Grandees that died in the Usurpation usually were without any other Monument than that of his Indelible Renown for pure Valour Anno Dom. 1658.
NOw did the Usurper feel the Thornes of his unjust Acquists in the restless Fears and Disquiets which measured every moment of his time his sleeps being disturbed with the apprehensions of those dangers the day presented unto him in the approaches of any strange Face whose motion he would most fixedly attend Above all he very carefully observed such whose mind or aspect were featured with any chearful and debonair Lineaments for such he boded were they that would dispatch him to that purpose he always went secretly Armed both offensive and defensive and never stirred without a great Guard In his usual Journey between White-hall and Hampton-Court by several Roads he drove full-speed in the Summer-time making such a dust with his Life-guard part before and part behinde at a convenient distance for fear of choaking him with it that one could hardly see for a quarter of an hour together and always came in some private way or other he likewise never Lodged above twice or thrice in a Room to which there was no passage but by twenty several Locks Sometimes he would pretend to be merry and invite persons of whom he had some suspition to his Cups and then drill out of their opened Hearts such secrets as he fisht for He had freaks also to divert the vexations of his misgiving thoughts calling in by the beat of Drum his Foot-guards like a Kennel of Hounds to snatch away the scraps and reliques of his Table He saw every mans hand was against him and that he ran daily into farther perplexities out of which it was impossible to extricate or secure himself therein without running into further danger so that he began to alter much in the tenour of his former converse and to run and transform into the manners of the ancient Tyrants thinking to please and mitigate his own Tortures with the sufferings of others Thus began the year with a Proclamation of the old relish for Royalists to depart London twenty miles c. and instantly Colonel Russel Sir William Compton Sir William Clayton and other old Prison-guests of that party were Committed to the Tower but many of those against whom the information from the two aforesaid intelligencers was given were Gentlemen and Citizens not in any service or designe before whether out of some reluctancy of conscience they would not ruine their old Comrades or for fear of discovering of his Spies of which he should have perpetual need Cromwel thought not fit to engage and set them upon such face to face they being not otherwise to be decoy'd These fresh-men were some of them Citizens of London as Mr. Manly a Merchant Mr. Carent Mr. Iackson and Mr. Sumner the other principals c. were Mr. Mordant the Earl of Peterburgh's Brother and Dr. Iohn Hewet Preacher then at St. Gregories by Pauls Mr. after Sir Thomas Woodcock Mr. Maunsel both engaged in the Kings escape and shipping out of Sussex from Worcester Mr. Mallory Mr. Stapely Mr. Hartgil Baron and others most of these were taken and kept close Prisoners till such time as some were wrought upon to witness against their fellows and then set at liberty The Designe was laid in Kent Essex Surry and Sussex the King being ready to have passed over as before with an Army under the Conduct of the Count of Marsin the Prince of Conde's General newly honoured with the Order of the Garter but this Treachery frustrated the Designe Which being so well known to Cromwel and that other places as Portsmouth Hull and such Maritime Fortresses were treated for and reckoned into the bargain he set afoot the like practises by his own Emissaries and Trepans viz. upon Sir Henry Slingsby a Prisoner off and on ever since Worcester-fight in Hull some of the Officers whereof insinuating into his acquaintance and casting out some disgustful words against the Protector and mixing some overtures of their good will to the King withal intimating that if he could procure a Commission from his Majesty for them the Town was at his service The old Loyal Gentleman gladly embracing a proffer of such concernment made use of an old Commission he had by him which being the length of their Line these Officers hooked him and sent him up to the same Condemnation a Prisoner in the Tower The Names of these Officers were Major Waterhouse Captain Overton and one Lieutenant Thompson The chief Actors being thus secured Cromwel to Collogue with the City sent for the Mayor and Aldermen and communicated to them the Plot naming several persons and particulars many of which he accommodated to the danger of the City and dressed them for their horrour and resentment telling them that the danger was not over though so happily foreseen taking hereby the advantage of having a new Militia chosen of the most desperate Phanaticks and his party in London c. A general Train was soon after made in Finsbury-fields and Addresses by the Officers testifying their resolutions to adhere to the Protector delivered in very express and humouring Language When he had thus raised the expectation of the story though the chief in the business understanding they were detected and many of their associates in Prison had defisted from any further Attempt on the 16 of May he doubled his Guards and sent an Alarm to the City that that night the Royalists had appointed for their rising and firing the Town and forthwith marched several Forces of Horse and Foot into the Liberties the Drums of the Trained-bands likewise beat and all the 6 Regiments appeared presently and kept Guard that night being employed for the most part in seizing some of those Citizens afore-mentioned with divers others as Mr. Southcot Mr. Hern and some young men and Apprentices whom his Drags had Trepan'd These made work for a High Court of Iustice now founded and erected upon a Law of the late Parliament the Act for security of his Highness's person who restrained the power thereby given with this clause that they should Try none but such as should be named to them by him or his Council for it might be by the same Sophistry as the Parliament fought against the King for the preservation of his Person they might try the Usurper for the security of his Highness Such a strange Judicature was this High Court of Iustice that they that advised framed and established it could not tell how to binde or tye up the Mastiff from tearing his Masters Throat Nec Lex est Iustior ulla Quam necis artifices arte perire sua Certainly haunted the minde of this Tormenter most of the Lords of the other House were Commissioners herein the Earl of Salisbury being named among them Before these Sir Henry Slingsby and Dr. Hewet were first brought and Sir Henry charged that he and one Gardiner never heard of but such another as Iohn Doe did Traiterously Conspire against the Life and Dignity c. and the said Trepans brought as Evidence to
which this Kingdom hath been involved since the violent attempts to dissolve the Established Government the best way to make up those breaches is by all means to obtain the Restoration of the King to his people and that in order thereunto a Letter from both Houses drawn up by a Committee shall be sent to the King giving him thanks for his gracious Offers and professing their duty and loyalty to him and that Sir Iohn Greenvil have the thanks of the House and 500 l. bestowed on him by the Commons to buy him a Jewel as a Testimony of the respects of the House to him and a badge of Honour which they thought fit to place upon him all which was with great solemnity punctuality performed Moreover to testifie their hearty obedience to his Majesty they ordered the sum of 50000 l. as a Present for him which was instantly borrowed with 50000 l. more of the City of London who having desired leave of the Parliament returned a like dutiful Answer with a Present also to his Majesty and his two Brothers having honourably received the Lord Viscount Mordant and the said Sir Iohn Greenvil who brought them his Majesty's Letters who also acknowledged their Quality and good Offices by 300 l. given them to buy them Rings Nor were the Souldiery wanting to this concourse and stream of general Affection and Loyalty to his Majesty for upon communication of his Majesty's Letters and Declaration they quickly drew up an Address to the General wherein they shewed their willing and ready submission as formerly in all Transactions to him their General so in this their perfect Duty to the King To whom they doubted not to evince that his Excellencie and the Army under his Command and those engaged in the Parliaments Cause had complied with the Obligations for which they were raised The Preservation of the Protestant Religion the Honour and Happiness of the King the Priviledges of Parliament the Liberty and Proprieties of the Subject and the Fundamental Laws of the Land This was seconded by the Navy under the General Montague now Earl of Sandwich to whom and the Fleet under him the King had sent the like Letters and Declaration the Sea ringing with the peals of Ordnance upon the communication of the said Papers and lastly the Governour Colonel Harlow and Garrison of Dunkirk did the same by an Address to his Excellencie A Committee was appointed to consider the manner of his Majesties Return and to prepare all things necessary for his Reception they likewise ordered his Majesty's Arms to be set up in all Churches and the Commonwealths to be taken down and that all Proceedings be in the Kings Majesties name and that the present Great Seal be made use of till further order that there might be no hindrance or stop in the proceeding of Justice Easter-Term was likewise prorogued that no business might interfere with this grand and expected Affair of the Settlement of the Kingdom All Officers as Sheriffs Justices that were in commission the 25 of April to continue and exercise the respective Offices in the King's Name It was Resolved further That the King's Majesty be desired to make a speedy return to his Parliament and to the exercise of his Kingly-Office and that in order thereunto several Commissioners from both Houses be sent to the King at Breda with their Letters to his Majesty Doctor Clargys now Sir Thomas the General 's Brother having been before sent with his to the King and to acquaint him with the said Desires and Votes of the Houses To these Commissioners others were added from the City of London the Names of them all are as followeth For the House of Lords Earl of Oxford Earl of Warwick staid at London sick of the Gout Earl of Middlesex Lord Viscount Hereford Lord Berckley Lord Brook For the House of Commons The Lord Fairfax Lord Bruce Lord Falkland Lord Castleton Lord Herbert Lord Mandevil Sir Horatio now Lord Townsend Sir Anthony now Lord Ashly Cooper Sir George Booth now Lord De la mere Denzill now Lord Hollis Sir Henry Holland Sir Iohn Cholmley For the City of London Sir Iames Bunce Baronet Alderman Langham Alderman Reynardson Alderman Sir Richard Browne Sir Nicholas Crisp Alderman Tompson Alderman Frederick Alderman Adams Sir William Wilde Recorder Sir Iohn Robinson Alderman Sir Anthony Bateman Sir William Wale Sir Theophilus Biddulph Sir Richard Ford Sir William Vincent Sir Thomas Bludworth Sir William Bateman Sir Iohn Lewis Master Chamberlain and Sir Laurence Bromfield all of them not Knighted before Knighted by the King at the Hague upon their arrival the King being removed thither from Breda as nearer and more convenient for his shipping the disposal whereof and of the whole Fleet was remitted to his Majesty's pleasure the General Montague having received Orders to obey his Majesty's Commands and Directions therein The Instructions being delivered to the Commissioners they set Sail in several Frigots appointed to attend them and with some foul Weather Landed in Holland where they were graciously and favourably received by his Majesty at the Hague I may not omit that the reception of Sir Thomas Clergys from the General was as an Embassador from a Prince the Lord Gerard with many Coaches being sent to conduct him to Audience where Mr. Hollis into whose hands the Letters were intrusted for the delivery spoke for the House of Commons the Earl of Oxford for the Lords and Sir William Wilde for the City Those that were there at their Audience agreed in Opinion that never person spoke with more affection or in better terms than Master Hollis He insisted chiefly upon the Miseries the Kingdoms had groaned under by the tyranny of the pretended Parliament and Cromwel which should now be exchanged into their repose quiet and lawful liberty beseeching his Majesty in the name of his people to return and resume the Scepter c. and assured him he should be infinitely welcome without any terms a thing so much stomacked by the Phanaticks but most just and honourable After several Treatments given the King by the Dutch which he shortned as much as he could and other Complements by Forraign Ministers to whom he gave publick Audience the Portugal only excepted and Spaniard having notice of the Fleets arrival which consisted of near Forty Sail of great Men of War he prepared to depart At this time came also to his hands the Proclamation made in London as a little before returned Sir Iohn Greenvil with the happy news of his peoples love and entire affection The Proclamation followeth being very fit to be recorded that which we mentioned in the second Part being but an earnest of this ALthough it can no way be doubted but that his Maiesties Right and Title to these Crowns and Kingdoms is and was every way compleat by the Death of his most Royal Father of Glorious Memory without the Ceremony or Solemnity of a Proclamation Yet since
besides Servants Then another Troop of about Two hundred in Velvet-Coats the Foot-men and Liveries in Purple Next a Troop under Colonel Sir Iohn Robinson with Buff-coats Cloath of Silver-sleeves and Green-scarves After this a Troop in Blew Liveries and Silver-lace Colours red fringed with Silver about Two hundred Next another Troop with six Trumpets seven Foot-men in Sea-green and Silver their Colours Pink Fringed with Silver Then a Troop with their Liveries Gray and Blew Thirty Foot-men Four Trumpets about Two hundred and twenty their Colours Sky Fringed with Silver under the Earl of Northampton Another of Gray Liveries Six Trumpets Colours Sky and Silver about One hundred and five led by the Lord Goring Another of Seventy Another Troop led by the Lord Cleveland of about Three hundred Noblemen and Gentry another Troop of about One hundred black Colours One more Troop of Three hundred Horse led by the Lord Mordant After these came Two Trumpets with his Majesties Arms the Sheriffs-men in Red-cloaks and Silver-lace with Half-pikes Seventy two in number Then followed the Gentlemen that rid out of the several Companies of London with their respective Streamers all in Velvet Coats with Gold Chains every Company having its Footmen with different Liveries After these a Kettle-drum and five Trumpets The Citizens being in number about Six hundred After these Twelve Ministers then his Majesties Life-guard led by Sir Gilbert Gerrard and Major Roscarrock The City-Marshal with eight Footmen with the City-Waits and Officers in order then the two Sheriffs and all the Aldermen of London among whom much wondring there was at Aldermen Ireton in their Scarlet Gowns and rich Trappings with Footmen in Liveries Red-coats laced with Silver and Cloath of Gold The Maces and Heralds in their Rich coats the Lord Mayor bare carrying the Sword his Excellency and Duke of Buckingham bare also and then as the lustre to all this splendid Triumph rode the King himself between his two Royal Brothers which order he had all along ever since the overture of his return observed After them came a Troop bare with White Colours then the General 's Life-guard and another Troop of Gentry Last of all Five Regiments of the Army-Horse with Back Brest and Head-piece which diversified the Show with delight and Terrour Thus have you in a view all that pleased and gratified the Eye but no Pen or Tongue is able to express those ravishing and loud musical notes of Acclamations and Vive le Roy's which charmed the Ears of all Loyal Subjects even to Extasie and Transportation and with which his Majesty himself who endured the din of it all that day was so pleasingly affected With these joyful accents he was brought to his Palace of White-hall where after the Lord Mayor had took his leave his Majesty went up to the Lords where a Speech was made to him in the Banqueting-house where both Lords and Commons awaited him by the Earl of Manchester Speaker of the House of Lords by which that Posterity may know the sense of the Kingdome upon this Miraculous Change it is here Recorded THat this day may prove happy to your Majesty is the hope the Expectation and the earnest desire of my Lords the Peers whose Commands are upon me to make this humble Tender to your Majesty of their Loyal joy for your Majesties safe Return to your Native Kingdome and for this happy Restoration of your Majesty to your Crown and Dignity after so long and so severe a Supression of your just Right and Title I shall not reflect upon your Majesties Sufferings which have been your Peoples Miseries yet I cannot omit to say That as the Nation in general so the Peers with a more personal and particular sense have felt the stroke that cut the Gordian Knot which fastned your Majesty to your Kingdome and your Kingdome to your Majesty For since those strange and various Fluctuations and Discomposuâ—es in Government since those horrid and unparallel'd Violations of all Order and Iustice Strangers have Ruled over us even with a Rod of Iron But now with satisfaction of heart we own and see your Majesty our Native King and Son of the wise a Son of the antient Kings whose hand holds forth a Golden Scepter Great King Give me leave to speak the Confidence as well as the Desires of the Peers of England Be you the Powerful Defender of the true Protestant Faith the Iust Assertor and Maintainer of the Laws and Liberties of your Subjects so shall Judgment run down like a River and Justice like a mighty stream and God the God of your Mercy who hath so miraculously preserved you will establish your Throne in Righteousness and in Peace Dread Soveraign I offer no flattering Titles but speak the Words of Truth you are the desire of Three Kingdoms the Strength and the Stay of the Tribes of the People for the moderating of Extremities the reconciling of differences the satisfying of all interests and for the restoring of the collapsed Honour of these Nations Their Eyes are toward your Majesty their Tongues with loud Acclamations of Ioy speak the thoughts and Loyal intentions of their Hearts their Hands are lift up to Heaven with Prayers and Praises and what Oral Triumph can equal this your Pomp and Glory Long may your Majesty Live and Reign a Support to your Friends a Terrour to your Enemies an Honour to your Nation and an Example to Kings of Piety Iustice Prudence and Power that this Prophetick Expression may be verified in your Majesty King Charles the Second shall be greater than ever was the greatest of that Name His MAjESTIES Gracious Answer to the Earl of Manchester's Speech My Lord I Am so disordered by my Iourney and with the Noise still sounding in my Ears which I confess was pleasing to me because it expressed the Affections of my People as I am unfit at the present to make such a Reply as I desire yet thus much I shall say unto you That I take no greater Satisfaction to my Self in this my Change than that I find my Heart really set to endeavour by all means for the Restoring of this Nation to their Freedome and Happiness And I hope by the advice of my Parliament to effect it Of this also you may be confident That next to the Honour of God from whom principally I shall ever own this Restoration to my Crown I shall study the Welfare of my People And shall not only be a True Defender of the Faith But a Iust Assertor of the Laws and Liberties of my Subjects This passed the King retired to Supper and soon after to his rest where it was time he should find it after so many difficulties and turmoils in the World for Twenty whole years together But the Citizens were not so weary of their Joy and Triumph for as soon as Night came an Artificial day was begun again the whole City seeming to be one great Light as indeed properly it was a Luminary of
the least of his present Majesties Felicities in his Restitution that he should parentate in this solemn manner to His most vilely and rebelliously abused Father That his justice might appear equally as resplendent as his clemency to the lesser guilt of his undutiful people in not suffering his innate goodness to be wrought upon so far that this unexampled parricide should pass with an unexampled impunity since the Parliament in detestation and to wipe away the stain of that perpetration had given up these persons following as Sacrifices to the Law and the Honour of their Country On the Ninth of October The Commissioners of Oyer and Terminer met at Hicks's Hall of whom were several of the chief Nobility the Lord Mayor and the Judges Sir Orlando Bridgman Lord chief Baron sitting in chief the Counsel were Sir Ieffery Palmer the King's Attourney Sir Heneage Finch Solicitor-General Sir Edward Turnor the Duke of York's Attorney and Serjeant Keeling Windham c. The Grand Jury being Sworn Sir William Darcy Baronet their Foreman Sir Orlando gave them the Charge declaring the purport of their Commission to Try those excepted persons out of the Act for their Treason in Murthering the late King of blessed memory upon the Statute 25 Edw. 3 d. by which it was made Treason to compass and imagine the death of the King which he largely learnedly and eloquently opened the Statute being but declarative of the Common Law Which ended Thomas Lee of the Middle Temple Gentleman was called to give the names of the Witnesses forty two in number the chief of whom was Sir William Clerk the Duke of Albemarle's Secretary who took the Proceedings of the High Court in short-hand Mr. Masterson Minister at St. Clements Danes then of that Party Col. Hunâ—ks Griffith Bodurdo Esq Stephen Kirk Col. Matthew Tomlinson Iohn Rushworth Esq Sir Purbeck Temple William Iessop Esq Mr. Coitmore and Anthony Mildmay Brother to Sir Henry one of those Criminals Next day the 10 of October the Court by Adjournment sate in Justice-Hall in the Sessions-house in the Old-bayly and the Prisoners having been brought the same day from the Tower to the Gaol of Newgate the Keeper was commanded to bring down Sir Hardress Waller William Heveningham and Colonel Harrison and set them to the Bar where they were commanded to hold up their hands but Harrison desiring to be heard first answered I am here he at last held up his hand then the Indictment was read in these words That he together with others not having the fear of God before their eyes and being instigated of the Devil did maliciously treasonably and feloniously contrary to his due Allegiance and bounden Duty sit upon and condemn our late Soveraign Lord King Charles the First of ever-blessed Memory and also did upon the Thirtieth day of January 1648 signe and seal a Warrant for the Execution of his Sacred Majesty where also c. To which Waller after some debate pleaded guilty Heveningham and Harrison Not guilty Then Isaac Pennington Henry Marten Gilbert Millingham Robert Tichburn Owen Roe and Robert Lilburn after the said Indictment read were bid to plead who did except Henry Marten who said he was not excepted out of the Act of Indemnity the person there being Henry Martin not Marten but the Court answered A misname would not be pleadable Mr. Sollicitor citing a Case in the difference of names betwixt Bagster and Baxter All of them insisted for Counsel Then Adrian Scroop Iohn Carew Iohn Iones Thomas Scot Gregory Clement and Iohn Cook were likewise set to the Bar where seeing the Court insist upon a present Plea as the rule of the Law or else Judgement pleaded to the Indictment Not guilty Carew making this salvo Saving to our Lord Iesus Christ his Right to the Government of these Nations Next Edmund Harvey Henry Smith Iohn Downs Vincent Potter and Augustine Garland and after them George Fleetwood Simon Meyn Iames Temple Peter Temple Thomas Wait Hugh Peters Francis Hacker Daniel Axtel who all but the last presently pleaded and would be tried by God and their Country Peters would be tried at first by the Law of God having pleaded Not guilty no not for a thousand worlds but the people laught him out of it Axtel not till informed of the danger of a mute and that no man can justifie Treason if the matter which he had to say be justifiable it is not Treason if Treason it is not justifiable and therefore he must go to the ordinary way of guilty or not guilty Harrison was the next day set to the Bar with Scroop and â—our more but they severally challenging the Judges the Court ordered to try them singly and proceeded with Harrison who excepted his full number thirty five of the Jury and the other twelve being sworn Mr. Sollicitor-General much Rhetorically laid forth the nature and atrocity of the Fact That the very thoughts of such attempts were in all Ages and among all people counted an unpardonable Treason as the story of the two Eunuchs against Ahasuerus Voluerunt insurgere they only had a Will to rise up against him and the testimony of Tacitus qui deliberant desciverant who consult of this Fact are Rebels already That it is not the sole interest of one Royal Person concerned in this parricide but all of the Nation That Sir Edward Cooke hath a Notion that to the perfection of this Law of the 25 Edw. 3. a time to be limited to the accuser was requisite but how great a mistake that was would appear by this That this Treason had so long out-faced the Law and the Justice of the Kingdom that if there had been a time of limitation there would have been no time nor place left to punishment and so the guilt would have stuck upon the Kingdom and this wickedness grown up into an impunity That the scope of the Indictment was for the compassing of the King's death the rest as usurping power over the King's person the Assembling Sitting and Judging are but as so many overt Acts to prove the intentions of the heart all which are not necessary to be proved against every particular person That every other overt Act besides what is laid in the Indictment as incouraging of the Souldiers to cry Justice and Execution or preaching up the Work as godly may be given in evidence against the guilty persons whose Crime was of that unmeasurable impiety that it could neither be heightned by any aggravation or lessened by any excuse Then he traced the steps and gradations to this Villany from the Treaty in 1648 and shewed the wicked Circumstances and Formalities thereof particularly he declared this person of those living twenty six being already deceased and six or seven reserved to other penalties and a sorrowful repentance and twenty nine more before their Lordships to be the onely chief Leader Captain and Conductour in this horrible Treason and hinted at his sawcy demeanour to the King in his bringing
To Thomas Scot the same Witnesses were produced in all things as the former only he added that the Authority of the remaining Members might be as good as the Parliament was when the Bishops were excluded and if two Estates may take away a third if the second do not continue to Execute their Trust he that is in occupancie may have a title to the whole by which Argument he affirmed the Parliaments Authority To this was answered that the Bishops were taken away by an Act with the consent of the King Lords and Commons and that the Justification of this blasphemous principle as the Lord Finch termed it as also Lord Annesly and the whole Court was unsufferable and High Treason Mr. William Lenthall Mr. Theophilus Biddulph and Lord Mayor Elect were sworn to prove that he said he would have it written on his Grave That Here lies Thomas Scot one that adjudged the King to Death And to this purpose afterwards in the House upon the Dissolution of the Parliament he was heard to have added Since it is your pleasure to Dissolve the House I know not how to hinder but when that is done I know not where to hide my hated head Gregory Clement waved his Plea and confessed his Crime and delivered a Petition as Waller had done before And Colonel Iones made little defence but acquiesced upon the proof of his sitting and signing and so they all had Sentence as before The Sollicitour Iohn Cook was next Arraigned for Assuming a Power over the King's Life for drawing and exhibiting the Charge for demanding Judgment for pressing the Charge to be taken pro Confesso in sum for being instrumental in the Kings Death To this he Answered very acutely to the glory of his parts and infamy of his practice and to set up his Law above the Gospel from whence he borrowed St. Pauls elegant Defence Neither against the Law nor against Caesar have I I hope offended He alledged he was but Counsel and acted in his Sphere for his Fee in that his Crime was avaritiae of covetousness not malitiae nor falsly nor Treasonably in advising the Charge that he was no Sword-man that he executed no Power over the King that in drawing the Charge he discharged rather the part of a good Subject for the King being Prisoner to accelerate his Tryal was a Courtesie that he had retrencht the prolixity of it to that purpose he denyed the examining of any Witnesses against the King that in demanding Judgment he did not mean Judgment against the King of Condemnation but of Absolution He observed that the word Instrumental in the exception of the Act was insignificant or otherwise incomprehensive of him that by the Kings gracious Letter a Free Parliament was to declare the excepted persons which this could not be not being called by his Majesties Writ All which were fully Answered by Sir Heneage Finch but for fear I may pervert or miss the sinewy strength of that Reply this shall suffice to be the reduction That his entring the Charge and a protestation in the Conclusion of Liberty to put in a new one and desiring that the King as a Traytor may be brought to Justice was no such demand as could be imagined to end in acquittal that to the Act of Indemnity the Parliament having made a special proviso and inserted him by name therein the Words concluding him it is not material what the subsequent Reasons are so that though he might say the Parliament was mistaken in their Reason yet not in their Conclusion As to the Kings Letter from Breda referring all Crimes and Offences soever to a Free Parliament that the Honour of the King might be for ever Sacred he said that in case the Parliament was not a right Parliament that Letter in it self is no Pardon until it had been under the Broad Seal and in more express terms as in the Case of Sir Walter Raleigh but as to the Parliament it is plain the King meant this Parliament the Letter being directed to the Speaker of our House of Commons to them it was left to provide for security and indemnity and to expiate this crying Sin and to dispence his Mercy and Justice in this particular they then Address themselves to his Majesties Clemency for the whole Nation and the Kings Proclamation grants a Pardon so that this must needs be the Parliament though as the times were it were not so duly Constituted but since Confirmed by his Majesty It was added by Mr. Windham that words and advice when the Act follows will make any Counsellor guilty as if a Counsellor should advise one man to kill another and he does it All was sum'd up in an accurate repetition of it with Evidence and Defence by Sir Orlando Bridgman and he thereupon found guilty The Court used him very civilly and he shewed very much respect and reverence to the Court behaving himself to the removing of that prejudice which the generality had of him as of a Monster But see what a narrow Fortune and the streights of Debt and the Devils wide World and vast Preferments can tempt man to since his first Delusions bewitcht our understanding Hugh Peters came to the Bar. He was charged with contriving the Kings Death at Ware with Oliver Cromwel at Windsor at Coleman-street at the Painted Chamber Bradshaw's House that in a Sermon he had compared the King to Barabbas that in another the Text whereof was to bind Kings in Chains c. he had declared that there was an Act of Gods own making that they that spilt mans blood by man should his blood be spilt and that out of that Law neither the King nor Prince or Prince Rupert nor none of that rabble are excepted that on the Twenty seventh of Ianuary he had Preached before the High Court of Justice at Westminster on the 14 of Isaiah 18 19. verses All the Kings of the Earth c. All he said to this was to cavil at the Witnesses he declared his course of Life and his Orthodox perseverance but as to the purpose he said he was sorry to hear of his carriage towards the King but he had no malice toward him but was meerly engaged in he Army He was also upon suspition of being the Executioner but he proved he was sick a bed that day so Cook and he were Sentenced together Daniel Axtel was next set to the Bar He had escaped as he thought the exception in the Act being lately added to this miserable number for there was other blood barbarously shed by him that lay upon him and charged with imagining and compassing the Kings Death the overt Act whereof was commanding the Guard at his Tryal his beating the Souldiers for not crying out Justice and Execution for bidding them to do it and to shoot at a Lady supposed the Lady Fairfax whom he there termed Whore for saying that Cromwel was a Rogue and that the twentieth part of the
People never consented to the Tryal of the King For defence he said that he was Commanded thither by his General whom the Lords and Commons had Commissioned that they had declared themselves to be the Interpreters of the Law and if he had not obeyed his Generals Command he was then liable to the Punishment that that Statute of 25 Edward the 3. did not extend to private persons in that Case that Iermyn Nichols and Thorpe Judges had declared that it was lawful and justifiable to obey the Parliament that if the Collected body in Parliament be guilty of Treason where will they find a Jury to try him in the distributed part of the People Here he was charged for being one of those that actually and in person put the force upon the House by Mr. Annesly and made the Parliament a Juncto To this he answered That he was not to Justifie that fault for being no Statesman he did as commanded produced his Commission said that Fairfax nay General Monke were guilty for acting by the same Commission that it was no Treason to silence a Lady that spoke impertinently and being charged with smiling at the same time he said that was no Treason that he was set there to keep the Peace that the People and Souldiers did cry Iustice Iustice to quiet the Souldiers he might beat them and say I 'le Iustice you I 'le Execution you That at the worst Justice being an Attribute of God it were no Treason to require it and that the execution of it is no more He took much advantage of a Witness against him who said he had been imprisoned by him his Evidence was about hiring the Executioner to which one Nelson likewise and Hewlet was named That as Cook said before he neither Sentenced Signed Sealed nor Sate that Throgmorton in Queen Maries days was acquitted for Words that Words may make a Heretick not a Traytor and cited Sir Edward Coke urged also the Statute of Hen. 7. ayding the King de facto He was answered to all that there are no excuses for Treason That the Parliament could never give any Authority to Murther the King nor the General nor was it in his Commission to Guard the Court of Justice at Westminster-Hall nor to cry for Execution that any of those things was an Overt Act of his imagination and Proved sufficiently that Justice and Execution was the intent of Murthering the King and his wrathful Speech to the Lady discovered it After a little Consultation the Jury brought him in guilty to whom he had pleaded his Family and small Children Colonel Francis Hacker was the next He was Charged with Guarding the King at the High Court of Justice of taking him from Colonel Tomlinson the day of Execution for Signing of the Warrant of Execution to him that did it writ by Cromwel but who the man was named in it his memory could not tell or he would not upon much inquisition that he was on the Scaffold and brought the King thither He Pleaded little and said he was under Authority and that he did not read the Warrant that Cromwel writ and so could not inform the Court concerning the same He was also found guilty His being the most Overt Act in compassing the Kings Death William Hewlet a Serjeant of Colonel Hewson's Regiment was Indicted for being the man that was in the Frock and cut off the Kings Head it was averred from his own Confession by three several witnesses and as many attested it was Brandon the Common Executioner that he viz. the Executioner was put into a Boat and trembled after it was done every joynt of him that he affirmed as much to the Lord Capel at his Suffering by the same Axe of which the Executioner assured him He said that he could make it appear he was not upon the Scaffold that day nor near it for that he and other Serjeants were secured that day for refusing to be there but the other Witnesses Evidence being express He was found guilty The Court gave him all the advantage that could be and reprieved him so that he Suffered not The other of the Judges that rendred themselves upon the Proclamation were called Mr. Daniel Harvey was called first who pleaded his ignorance and no malice for that he Signed not though he was present at Sentence then he proved by witness his Reluctancy of Conscience his endeavours with few others to adjourn the Court upon the Kings motion that he resolved to have no more to do with them and that he endeavoured to save his Life Isaac Pennington next Pleaded his ignorance and no malice and utterly refused to Sign the Warrant Henry Marten against whom the Sitting Signing and Sealing were proved and also that at the meeting of the High Court of Justice before they went into Westminster-Hall being in the Painted Chamber and upon the Landing of the King from White-Hall to Sir Robert Cotton's House Cromwel upon sight thereof asking them this question The first thing the King will demand of us will be by what Authority we bring him before us what shall we say by whose Authority After a little pause Marten replyed In the Name and Authority of the Commons in Parliament Assembled and the good People of England To this he answered that he had no malice to the King It was replyed It is evident he had against the Government Further he said that the Commission ran in the name of the good people and so it was no great matter for him to repeat it Here Sir Heneage Finch took hold and gave notice to the Jury of the entituling the good people to it and hoped they would be none of them and observed the impenitence of the Man then he justified the Parliament and though it were but a remnant of Parliament yet in the case of Commons to a Cottage if a stick be but left the Commons appertained to that Cottage He added conclusively his acquiescing in the Royal Government since the King was called in by the People in Parliament which he intimated as the Kings best right and so added to his greater Condemnation Gilbert Millington Confessed the Fact and the guilt of it and was favoured with an acceptance of it from the Court. Alderman Tichburn did the same with much candidness declaring his sin and ignorance of the atrocity of the Crime protested his inability of Contrivance his raw years his unskilfulness in the Laws said he would have rather gone into a hot Oven than into this business if he had known it instanced that Paul was a Persecutor and found Mercy and had rendred himself with the three before upon the Proclamation Owen Roe pleaded the same and his reluctancy to the Kings Sentence and the Proclamation Colonel Robert Lilburn did the same mentioned his endeavour for withdrawing the Court of Justice as Mr. Harvey said before that he wept and mourned the day of the Kings Death Mr. Smith
pleaded the same and desired the Courts mediation Iohn Downes Vincent Potter Augustine Garland Simon Meyne Iames Temple Peter Temple Thomas Wayt and William Heveningham set again at the Bar. Something extraordinary must be said of Downes because he obliged the Court to hear him in these words and they are worthy of mans memory which he expressed in that abominable Judicature upon the Kings request of hearing in Parliament as he sate between Colonel Wauton and Mr. Cawley and Oliver Cromwel said I Have we hearts of stone or are we men They laboured to appease me they told me I would ruine both my self and them Said I If I dye for it I must do it Cromwel sate just the seat below me He hearing of me make some stir by whispering he looked at me and asked if I was my self what I meant to do that I could not be quiet So I started upon the nick when the Clerk was Commanded by Bradshaw to Read the Sentence I stepped up and said My Lords I have Reasons to offer against it and I desire the Court may adjourn to hear me Presently Bradshaw viewed me and said If any Member dissented they must adjourn So they did into the Court of Wards where I alledged the Kings general satisfaction to the Parliament that a Common Prisoner was not used so but that he might be heard I urged the Order of Parliament that upon any emergency or renata in the Court we should apply our selves to them To which Cromwel answered Sure you do not know that you have to deal with the hardest hearted man in England And much other incitation was used by some of those that are doomed whom he desired favour not to nominate telling me I was either a Sceptick or an Infidel Vincent Porter was troubled with a fit of the Stone and could hardly endure standing and had a Chair to ease himself and confessed the whole guilt Augustine Garland was further accused of spitting in the Kings face besides his sitting He answered he was a Parliament man but in 1648 and drawn into this business and desired no favour from God if he was guilty of that inhumanity to avoid which imputation he made this troublesome defence Simon Meyn Iames and Peter Temple Pleaded ignorance and no malice Colonel Thomas Wayt Pleaded the same with Downs for withdrawing the Court and his Courtesies to the Cavaliers Party and preventing a Petition for the Kings Murther in Rutland-shire and that the first day he came to Town Cromwel made him sit the last day of the Court of Justice Sir Hardress Waller brought again to the Bar gave evidence of his penitence which my Lord Finch his kinsman allowed here and deplored him Heveningham did shew his sorrow but both were Condemned On Saturday the Fourteenth of October One thousand six hundred and sixty between nine and ten of the Clock in the morning Mr. Thomas Harrison or Major-General Harrison according to his Sentence was upon a Hurdle drawn from Newgate to the place called Charing-cross where within certain Rails lately there made a Gibbet was Erected and he hanged with his face looking towards the Banqueting-house at Whitehall the place where our late Soveraign of Eternal memory was Sacrificed being half dead he was cut down by the common Executioner his Privy Members cut off before his Eyes his Bowels burned his Head severed from his Body and his Body divided into Quarters which were returned back to Newgate upon the same Hurdle that carried it the People loudly shooting at his Fall His Head was since set upon a Pole on the top of the South-east-end of Westminster-Hall looking towards London The Quarters of his Body are in like manner exposed upon some of the City-Gates Monday following being the Fifteenth of October about the same hour Mr. Iohn Carew was carried in like manner to the same place of Execution where having suffered like pains his Quarters were also returned to Newgate on the same Hurdle which carried him His Majesty was pleased to give upon intercession made by his Friends his Body to be buried Tuesday following being the Sixteenth of October Mr. Iohn Cook and Mr. Hugh Peters were about the same hour carried on two Hurdles to the same place and Executed in the same manner and their Quarters returned in like manner to the place whence they came The head of Iohn Cook was set on a Pole on the North-East-end of Westminster-Hall on the left side of Mr. Harrison's looking towards London and the Head of Mr. Peters on London-Bridge Their Quarters were exposed in like manner upon the tops of some of the City-Gates Wednesday October Seventeen about the hour of Nine in the Morning Mr. Thomas Scot and Mr. Gregory Clement were brought on several Hurdles and about one hour after Mr. Adrian Scroop and Mr. Iohn Iones together in one Hurdle were carried to the same place and suffered the same death and were returned and disposed of in like manner Mr. Francis Hacker and Mr. Daniel Axtel were on Friday the Nineteenth of October about the same time of the Morning drawn on one Hurdle from Newgate to Tyburn and there both Hanged Mr. Axtel was Quartered and turned back and disposed as the former but the Body of Mr. Hacker was by his Majesties great favour given entire to his Friends and buried Axtel's head was set up at the furthest end of Westminster-Hall Not any one of these at his Death expressed any sorrow or Repentance for the Fact but justified the Authority by which they did it and themselves therein but whether they agreed now by a Combination at their death as in the Conspiracy of the King 's or whether it were not Diabolical infatuation or the Sin and impiety of their Crime that they were given over to a Reprobate sense it is not in man to determine their Party and Abettors in the Rebellion highly magnified this their obstinacy for Christian Courage and printed their Prayers and Speeches with all the advantages Revenge and Rebellion could invent and if they could have brought the Law the sense of the Kingdome nay the whole Word into their mould they might have passed for Martyrs for as to the repugnant sâ—ffrage of Divine Authority they could and did wrest that with an easie finger Thus much therefore may suffice to Posterity concerning the ends of these men That they were Convicted according to Law whose utmost benefit they had by a Jury of their Peers against whom they had full liberty of exception That the Person of the Prince they Murthered was beyond any parallel by the confession of his Enemies of some of these a most virtuous most Innocent most Religious and Fit for the Government That these his Judges and Murtherers were for the most part nay generally mean and desperate persons and their hands lifted up by Ambition Sacriledge Covetousness and success against the Life of this incomparable Prince whose
Rochesters consecrated 1637. A. Dr. Henry King Lord-Bishop of Chichester was consecrated 1641. Dr. Humphry Heuchman Lord-Bishop of Salisbury was consecrated October 28. 1660. Dr. George Morley Lord-Bishop of Worcester was consecrated October 28. 1660. since possessed by Dr. Gauden after by Dr. Earles late Dean of Westminster Dr. Robert Sauderson Lord-Bishop of Lincoln was consecrated October 28. 1660. since deceased and Dr. Laney Translated thither Dr. George Griffith Lord-Bishop of St. Asaph was consecrated October 28. 1660. Dr. William Lucy Lord-Bishop of St. Davids was consecrated December 2. 1660. Dr. Benjamin Laney Lord-Bishop of Peterborough was consecrated December 2. 1660. Dr. Hugh Lloyd Lord-Bishop of Landaff was consecrated December 2. 1660. Dr. Richard Sterne Lord-Bishop of Carlisle was consecrated December 2. 1660. Y. Dr. Brian Walton Lord-Bishop of Chester was consecrated December 2. 1660. Y. This See was possess'd by Dr. Fern who dying also Dr. George Hall was Lord-Bishop thereof Dr. Iohn Gauden who dying Dr. Seth Ward is since Lord-Bishop thereof Lord-Bishop of Exeter was consecrated December 2. 1660. Dr. Gilbert Ironside Lord-Bishop of Bristol was consecrated Ianuary 13. 1660. Dr. Edward Reynolds Lord-Bishop of Norwich was consecrated Ianuary 14. 1660. Dr. William Nicholson Lord-Bishop of Gloucester was consecrated Ianuary 13. 1660. Dr. Nicholas Monke Lord-Bishop of Hereford was consecrated Ianuary 13. 1660. who dying Dr. Herbert Crofts was consecrated in his place 1661. Dr. Iohn Hacket Lord-Bishop of Coventry and Litchfield A. Notes the ancient Bishops Y. The Diocesses in the Province of York All the rest are in the Province of Canterbury The Names of the Iudges EDward Earl of Clarendon Lord High-Chancellor of England Sir Robert Foster Knight Chief-Justice of the Kings-Bench Sir Harbottle Grimstone Baronet Master of the Rolls Sir Orlando Bridgeman Knight and Baronet Chief-Justice of the Common-Pleas Matthew Hale Chief-Baron of the Exchequer Sir Thomas Mallet Knight Justices of the Kings-Bench Sir Thomas Twisden Knight Justices of the Kings-Bench Sir Wadham Windham Knight Justices of the Kings-Bench Sir Robert Hide Knight Justices of the Common-Pleas Sir Thomas Terril Knight Justices of the Common-Pleas Sir Samuel Brown Knight Justices of the Common-Pleas Sir Edward Atkins Knight Barons of the Exchequer Sir Christopher Turner Knight Barons of the Exchequer Sir Ieoffrey Palmer Knight Attorney-General Sir Iohn Glynne Knight The Kings Serjeants at Law Sir Iohn Maynard Knight The Kings Serjeants at Law Sir William Wilde Knight The Kings Serjeants at Law The two Principal Secretaries of State persons eminent for their faithful and industrious Loyalty Sir Edward Nicholas of the same place to his late Majesty and Sir William Mâ—rice the onely Confident the Renowned General the Duke of Albemarle used in those blessed Counsels toward the Restitution of the King and Kingdom The Names of the BARONETS made by Letters Patents since his Majesties most happy Restauration Anno 1660. With the times of their several Creations Anno Duodecimo Caroli Regis Secundi SIR Orlando Bridgeman Knight was created Baronet Iune the 7th in the Twelfth Year of the Raign of our most Gracious Soveraign Lord King Charles the Second in the year of our Lord 1660. Sir Ieoffery Palmer Kt. created Baronet Iune the 7. Sir Heneage Finch in Com. Bucks Kt. created Baronet Iune 7. Sir Iohn Langham in Com. Northampton Kt. created Baronet Iune 7. Sir Robert Abdy in Com. Essex Kt. created Baronet Iune 9. Thomas Draper in Com. Berks Esq. created Baronet Iune 9. Humphrey Winch in Com. Bedford Esq. created Baronet Iune 9. Ionathan Rease Esq. created Baronet Iune 9. Henry Wright in Com. Essex Esq. created Baronet Iune 12. Hugh Speke in Com. Wilts Esq. created Baronet Iune 12. Nicholas Gould of the City of London created Baronet Iune 13. Sir Thomas Adams of the City of London Kt. created Baronet Iune 13. Richard Atkins in Com. Surrey Esq. created Baronet Iune 13. Thomas Allen of the City of London Esq. created Baronet Iune 14. Henry North in Com. Suffolk Esq. created Baronet Iune 15. Sir William Wiseman in Com. Essex Kt. created Baronet Iune 15. Thomas Cullum in Com. Suffolk Esq. created Baronet Iune 18. Thomas Davy in Com. Essex Esq. created Baronet Iune 20. George Grubbum How in Com. Wilts Esq. created Baronet Iune 20. Iohn Cutts in Com. Cambridge Esq. created Baronet Iune 20. William Humble of the City of London Esq. created Baronet Iune 20. Solomon Swale in Com. York Esq. created Baronet Iune 21. Gervas Ews in Com. Suffolk Esq. created Baronet Iune 22. Robert Cordel in Com. Suffolk Esq. created Baronet Iune 22. Sir Iohn Robinson of the City of London Kt. created Baronet Iune 22. Iohn Abdy in Com. Essex Esq. created Baronet Iune 22. Henry Stapleton in Com. York Esq. created Baronet Iune 23. Iacob Ashly in Com. Warwick Esq. created Baronet Iune 25. Sir Robert Hilliard in Com. York Esq. created Baronet Iune 25. Sir William Bowyer in Com. Bucks Kt. created Baronet Iune 25. Iohn Shuckbrugh in Com. Warwick Esq. created Baronet Iune 26. William Wray in Com. Lincoln Esq. created Baronet Iune 27. Francis Hollis in Com. Dorset Esq. created Baronet Iune 27. Nicholas Steward in Com. Southampton Esq. created Baronet Iune 27. George Warberton in Com. Pal. of Chester Esq. created Baronet Iune 27. Oliver St. Iohn in Com. Northampton Esq. created Baronet Iune 28. Sir Ralph Delaval in Com. Northumberland Kt. created Baronet Iune 29. Andrew Henley in Com. Somerset Esq. created Baronet Iune 30. Thomas Ellis in Com. Lincoln Esq. created Baronet Iune 30. Sir Iohn Covert in Com. Sussex Kt. created Baronet Iuly 2. Maurice Berkley in Com. Somerset Esq. created Baronet Iuly 2. Peter Harr of the City of London created Baronet Iuly 2. Henry Hudson in Com. Leicester Esq. created Baronet Iuly 3. Thomas Herbert in Com. Monmouth Esq. created Baronet Iuly 3. Thomas Middleton in Com. Denbigh created Baronet Iuly 4. Verney Noel in Com. Leicester Esq. created Baronet Iuly 6. George Ruswel in Com. Northampton Esq. created Baronet Iuly 7. Robert Austen in Com. Kent Esq. created Baronet Iuly 10. Robert Hales in Com. Kent Esq. created Baronet Iuly 12. Iohn Clarke in Com. Oxford Esq. created Baronet Iuly 13. William Thomas in Com. Essex Esq. created Baronet Iuly 13. Sir William Boothby in Com. Derby Kt. created Baronet Iuly 13. Wolstan Dixey in Com. Leicester created Baronet Iuly 14. Iohn Bright in Com. York Esq. created Baronet Iuly 16. Iohn Warner in Com. York Esq. created Baronet Iuly 16. Sir Iohn Harbey in Com. Hartford Kt. created Baronet Iuly 17. Sir Samuel Moreland in Com. Berks Kt. created Baronet Iuly 18. Sir Thomas Hewet in Com. Hartford Kt. created Baronet Iuly 19. Edward Honywood in Com. Kent Esq. created Baronet Iuly 19. Basil Dixwel in Com. Kent Esq. created Baronet Iuly 19. Sir Richard Brown of the City of London Kt. created Baronet Iuly 20. Marmaduke Gresham in Com. Surrey Esq. created Baronet Iuly 20. Henry Kernor in Com. Salop Esq. created Baronet Iuly 23. Sir Iohn Aubrey in Com. Glamorgan
very predicament but he having his Liberty upon Bail from the Serjeant at Arms left his Bail in the lurch and fled for it and put himself out of the benefit of this qualification Phelps one of the Clerks of the Court of Justice was marked for this but was not Sentenced The Earl of Middleton the King 's great Commissioner came about this time from Scotland to White-hall and on the 30th of this Moneth the Parliament was adjourned by the King to attend their business in the Country till the 20th of November the King and they parting with mutual satisfaction the Lord-Chancellor declaring that the King's confidence in them had not in the least deceived him Much discourse there was all the Summer that his Majesty would take a Progress to visit his Loyal City of Worcester and the places of his Sanctuary and Refuge in his escape thence and to that end his Tent-Office was held at Clarkenwell green to prepare and make all things ready for the accommodation of his Progress but the suspition of affairs and the designes of the old Enemy who as was said before was at work deferred it this year and a shorter journey took up the next Commissioners likewise came from the Parliament in Ireland with an acceptable present to the King at White-hall The Duke of York who had been chosen Captain to the Artillery-company in London and by their Deputies humbly requested to honour them with his acceptance which he was nobly pleased to do and lead with them in their Ground and see them Exercise to his good content accepted now likewise from them an invitation to dine with them on their annual Feast-day at Merchant-Taylors Hall whither accompanied him with the same invitation the Duke of Buckingham and divers other Persons of Honour This Moneth of August was the Reading of that excellent Lawyer and most accomplisht Gentleman Sir Heneage Finch his Majesties Sollicitor at the Inner Temple whose Nobleness and Generosity were herein equal to his matchless Abilities in the Laws as his magnificence in this Solemn occasion did make appear especially in that particular Treatment he gave the King who to honour this one of his best servants was graciously pleased to accept of it and to dine in that Hall a favour not before indulged to any of these famous Societies by any of his Royal Progenitors the most Illustrious Duke of York was present and Dined here with his Brother to both their likings and approbations Count Conningsmark from the young King and Queen of Sweden had been here some while and now came another more splendid Embassy by Count Brahe at whose reception near the Tower a Fray or Conflict happened betwixt the French and Spanish Embassadours Coaches for Precedency which should first follow the Swedes Coach both Parties came prepared for the Encounter but the French were basely worsted and seven or eight of them killed This had like to have caused a new Rupture betwixt both Crowns the French King sending a Messenger to Madrid to demand satisfaction but at the intreaty of the new-Married Queen the difference was put up While I am relating this Forreign matter I must insert that the Prince of Spain a Child about five years old dyed and a young Prince or Dolphin was born to the French King on All Saints day and therefore Christned Lewis Tous Sancts Several Prisoners in the Tower Regicides and others by reason of the practices of their Parties were now in October sent a way from the Tower to several remote places Castles and Islands for securing the Peace and with them the Market of Herbs which usually stood before in Cheap-side and by Tichburn in his Majoralty because it cumbred up the ways was placed in St. Pauls Church-yard and a Cross built there which is yet standing was by Proclamation to avoid the scandal of selling and buying in that Ground now removed into Aldersgate-street and Aldermanbury Several suspected persons of the Phanatick Party were now seized and committed to several Prisons The Right Noble Iames Duke of Ormond after several uneffectual designments of others was appointed by his Majesty Lieutenant of Ireland which Place and Dignity he had before so prudently discharged After the expiration of the Adjournment of the Parliament from Iuly last they met again the Twentieth of November now in their full and entire Constitution the Lords Spiritual the Bishops by virtue of the Act of Repeal made the last Session taking their places which the King in his Speech to the Houses did congratulate to them as a felicity He much desired to see accomplished in this goodly restored Fabrick of the Government On the Twenty fifth of the same Month the Regicides that came in upon Proclamation and were respited after Sentence to the pleasure of the Parliament were brought to the Bar of the House of Lords to answer what they could for themselves why Judgment should not be Executed they all Pleaded the Proclamation which they understood and supposed did extend to favour of Life upon the rendring themselves thereupon as likewise that as to the Crime they were all of them guilty of no malice toward the Person of the King Henry Marten added that he never obeyed any Proclamation before but this and hoped that he should not be Hanged for taking the Kings Word now They were remanded back again to the Tower from whence they came and no further proceeding had concerning them The Lord Chancellour in his Speech made mention of a Plot which one Major White had discovered and upon which several Persons had been secured that were Officers formerly in the Army and what care had been taken by the King to prevent the danger and to attain to a full discovery And this Michaelmas-Term one Iohn Iames one of the Fifth Monarchists a Small-coal-man by Trade and ingaged in Venners business but was absent or saved himself the last day they broke out but had not departed from his malice ever since that disappointment but continued his Meetings and Conventicles with others of his desperate Crew among whom he was a great Rabby or Teacher flew out into several Traiterous Speeches and Invectives against the Kings Person Government and Family which relisht of the same Design couched in Venners Declaration which being over-heard by some Neighbours living near the same Conventicle Iames was seized and carried before a Justice who Committed him to Newgate whence this Term he was brought to the Kings Bench Bar and there the Words were proved against him and he Convicted and Condemned as a Traytor On the Twenty seventh he was drawn on a Sledge to Tyburn some of his Sect and Opinion throwing themselves into the same Sledge and embracing him so fond were they of this their silly though bold Seducer At the Gallows he denyed the words but owned and avowed his Chilianism and the Personal Reign of Christ out of which respect he prayed not for the King or any Authority but with the
in Parliament the merciful disposition of the King declining the instigates of his justice against the demerits of so obnoxious and Capital a Deliquent While the main Fleet with the General the Earl of Sandwich was upon return with the Queen from Lisbon Vice-Admiral Sir Iohn Lawson with the Frigots left with him yet plyed to and fro about the Barbary-shore taking and sacking all Vessels belonging to the Pyratical Trade of those Places to the almost breaking the Nest of those Infidel Thieves and on the Twentieth of April having notice of some of their Ships in a Port called Bugia he fell in with his Frigots in spight of their Castles and Guns and burnt and rendred them unserviceable and came out again with little loss April the Twentieth which with the despair of being rid of him and his Fleet made the Algier Bashaw stoop now to the offer of a Treaty and to former Articles with the required advantage to our Commerce in those Ports and Seas which were sent from Sir Iohn Lawson about Iune and brought to the King at Hampton-Court who very well approved of it the Dutch having concluded a very shameful Peace or Truce with them about the same time Our Prossession of Tangier alarm'd the adjacent African Potentates with the danger of our encroachments and the Fame of our Warlike Martial Atchievements by Land as well as by Sea which consideration drew down into the confines of that Place one Gayland a Warlike Prince but then a Rebel against the King of Morocco and Fez and usurping part of his Dominions who continued there appearing and disappering for a space of time upon pretence of a League and Friendship when meeting of a suddain as he was ranging thereabouts with his Horse the swiftest in the World with some of our Forces Forraging for Provision and Horse-meat he surprized and defeated them Their manner of fight being to leave and take as they see advantage which they do with very active and quick force and resolution Since we requited it upon some of his venturing straglers not long after he came very freely and entred into Treaty which he finished and is in good Amity at present with us Shortly after the Earl of Peterborough returned thence and gave his Majesty an account of the place and the Lord Rutherford late Governour of Dunkirk and newly made Earl of Tiviot is now the Governour thereof and Colonel Alsop an antient Souldier throughout the War Commands under him The King hath made it a Free Port and granted it all the Priviledges of a Merchant-City being seated very conveniently for Commerce especially by reason of the security thereof This Trinity-Term Sir Henry Vane and Colonel Lambert at the request of the Parliament having been brought from their remote Prisons in Scilly to the Tower were Arraigned Iune the Fourth before Sir Robert Foster Lord chief Justice at the Kings Bench Bar and Indicted Sir Henry for imagining and compassing the Death of the King and for taking upon him and usurping the Government and Colonel Lambert for Levying War against the King in Middlesex Cheshire Yorkshire and other places of the North of this Kingdom Sir Henry Pleaded the Authority of Parliament and justified it and put the Court to a deal of needless trouble and impertinent repetition but disowned his medling or making with the Kings Death Colonel Lambert behaved himself very civilly and respectively to the Court and pleaded as his last Plea that it did not appear by any additional word that he was the same Iohn Lambert mentioned in the Indictment but he was told it was Iohn Lambert Esquire and then he confessed civilly his not minding it before and submitted The Counsel then craved Judgment against him the Sollicitor-General saying That good manners cannot commute for Treason Both were Sentenced as Traytors but the Colonel Reprieved at the Bar by the King's favour and regard had to the report the Justices had given him of his submissive and handsome deportment at his Tryal and therefore desired the Judges to return unto his Majesty his most humble thanks for his so unexpected mercy which the Judges said might have been and was once thought to be extended to Sir Henry if his frowardness and contemptuous behaviour had not precluded the way to it He nevertheless had this favour shown him at the intercession of some of his Relations who had deserved well of the King in his service that his Majestie mitigated the Sentence to a Beheading only which was Executed on the Fourteenth of Iune on the Scaffold at Tower-Hill where the Earl of Strafford bled first by his Fathers Treachery and there he ran out into Treasonable Discourses but was stopt and after two or three warnings his Notes endeavoured to be taken from him which to prevent he tore them in pieces and in that Passion submitted to the Block Several Contrivances and Designes being related to the Councel hatched by the Phanatick Party caused the King in their usual method to retort their Twenty Miles Proclamation upon their own heads commanding all Officers c. under any of the late Usurped Powers that had been disbanded to depart Twenty miles from the City and Suburbs of London and not to return within Eight Moneths such only excepted as by the Privy-Councel upon their Application to them should obtain licence The only Discourse and Disputation throughout the Kingdome was what the Presbyterian could expect after the Act of Uniformity was passed and St. Bartholomews day the Twenty fourth of August expired which was the time limited for their Conforming to what the Act had required by renouncing the Covenant and reading Divine Service and Common-Prayer in Church-Vestments as the Surplice the main thing bogled at Many endeavours there had been before in Parliament for some Toleration and their Friends sollicited to the utmost but not able to carry it there they Applied themselves to his Majesty and the Privy-Councel the most of them having deserted and relinquished their Livings which the Bishop of London with much prudence and foresight had provided of able and pious Minister and exceptionless whom he setled in their places but upon full debate of their Petition and as full a hearing the Councel laid it aside there being none present to answer and dispute their pretences to a superseding the express meaning of the Act but the aforesaid Bishop and so all their Chimaera's or expectations they had raised in the Country by their Letters to the obstinating of the more indifferent to the resistance of this Law from which they made sure to get a Dispensation to the ruine of some Families came to nothing and now nothing but Transportation was talked of for using the free Exercise of that Religion The Commissioners for Regulating Corporations had likewise proceeded to the dismission of such from all Offices and Places in Councel and otherwhere who refused to renounce and declare the said Covenant Illegal and Suspected and not cleared for
renowned Admiral the Duke of York who some days before went early in the morning to his Charge attended with divers Eminent and Honourable Voluntiers It was a Navy for number of Ships and choice of men such an one as the Nation never set to Sea one more formidable nor more glorious This did not a little terrifie the Dutch besides that some Weeks before they had been put to a great disorder upon the appearance of some part of the English Fleet under the Earl of Sandwich which though at a distance and without any rational appearance of danger set them into such a confusion that it fell little short of a general Consâ—erâ—ation Nor were they yet able to come forth though making all the haste they could Nor had they done any thing considerable all the Winter before only sent Bankert to Sea which to what intent soever it was contriv'd the Designe prov'd ineffectual For attempting to go about by the North he met with nothing but the boistrousness of a tempestuous Sea making a quick return home and leaving behind him four of his best Ships unmercifully shatter'd in the storms And thus while the English are their Enemies at Sea they will make use of none of the English friendship by Land And to that purpose they order a Cassation of the English and Scotch Regiments only that the Officers might be admitted again taking an Oath to be faithful to the Lords States General and to the States of the respective Provinces whom they serv'd But the English were so Loyal as to throw up their Commissions disdaining to serve upon such monstrous Terms the profest Enemies of their Prince and Country Forein Affairs 1664. That which was most remarkable this Year in Forein parts besides what we have already related as they fell in time that is to say the two great Victories obtain'd against the Turk by the Emperor was the Cessation of War that ensued thereupon of great Concernment not only to those Empires but to all Christendom a solemn Peace not long after ensuing The City of Constantinople was so fatal to the Grand Seignior then reigning that he resolv'd to make this Year to be not a little fatal to it by withdrawing his Court and presence from thence and that with so much indignation against the Place that he vow'd he would rather set fire to it with his own hands than return to it again whereupon he retired to Adrianople a place seated fit for his Sports of Hawking and Hunting Divertisements that made him seek Peace rather than War But the joy of this Cessation was not a little disturb'd by the death of Count Serini who being upon the chase of a Boar and seeing the Beast likely to escape quitted his Company and follow'd him single till coming near him he fired his Pistol at him The Boar finding himself wounded furiously rush'd upon the Count and then with four deadly wounds the first in the neck the next in the head the third in his belly and the fourth in his foot tore him up and dispatch'd him The French this Year had a mind to get some footing in Barbary and to that end got possession of a small Sea-port Town or Fort call'd by the name of Gigery The Moors to expel them thence came down with great Forces and in assailing and defending great Numbers were slain on both sides The Moors in one Assault they made upon it this year lost six hundred men the Duke of Beaufort being wounded on the French side In which posture we shall leave them for this Year Only it is not to be forgotten that the Great Turk in revenge of the Battle of Leweniz and the surprize of Gigery caus'd all the French which he found in his Dominions to be put to death But the Portugals with better success under the Conduct of their General Pedro Iaques de Megalharma gave battle to the Spaniards under the Duke of Ossuna whom they utterly overthrew with the loss of 500 men slain upon the place 300 Prisoners and all their Baggage and Provision which became a Booty to the Conquerour In Avignon happen'd a very great disturbance insomuch that above twenty thousand Burgers gather'd themselves together against the Vice-Legat having first fallen upon the Garrison some of whom they threw over the Walls and put the rest to flight This Commotion was rais'd upon a pretence that the Vice-Legat went about to impose something upon them against the Liberty of the Inhabitants But ot length by mediation of their Archbishop they were brought to terms of accommodation upon condition that the Italian Garrison should depart the Town and Country and the Italian Provost with his Officers be banisht for ever out of their Territories The Pope took very ill the proceedings of the Vice-Legat But for better security Monsieur de Merceur was appointed to do his best in conjunction with the Forces of the Neighbourhood either by fair means or by foul to bring them to reason At length a composure was made between the Pope and the King of France and Avignon was restor'd into the possession of the Romish See upon Conditions which will be hereafter mentioned In August came news from Losanna that certain Irish-men having Intelligence that a knot of the Murtherers of the late King were gotten together in that place and there entertain'd and protected by the Magistracie of the Town enter'd into a Consultation how they might seize and carry some of those Regicides off and deliver them up to the Justice of that Government which they had so hainously betrai'd The Persons nam'd to be of the Gang were Goff Ludlow Lisle Whally and Fare whereupon in the disguize of Lacqueys they attempted them as they were going to Church under the very Guards of the Town and accompani'd with the Magistrates Bayliffs and Burgomasters of the place But finding it impossible to bring any of them off alive they fell in particular upon Lisle as one whom they knew to have been the Condemner of several of the Kings best and most Loyal Subjects whom they shot dead upon the spot After the act was done they were forc'd to encounter the Guards and several other people who engag'd themselves on the behalf of the Rebels wherein they acquitted themselves to a Miracle wounding divers and having broke through them they cri'd with a loud voice Vive le Roy d'Angleterre and so â—ode quite away Anno Dom. 1665. THe Duke of York was now aboard the English Fleet well man'd and in brave order and furnish'd with all things necessary and answerable to the indefatigable care and diligence of so great a Monarch and the free expences of his large Dominions The Dutch neither ready nor likely to come forth as in the event it prov'd so that among them there was nothing memorable but the bustle of Council and hurry of unfinish'd preparations The first Alarm they had was from the French
States finding the Weather unseasonable and their Ships much shattered by Tempests thought fit to call their Fleet home and to put an end to any further occasion for this year Saving only that five of the English Frigats meeting with five of the Dutch of 38 and 36 Guns a piece took the Admiral and two more and chac'd the other two ashore Being return'd Tromp and De Ruyter fell out laying the blame of all the Summers Losses and Miscarriages upon one another The States in favour of De Ruyter took away Tromp's Commission and confin'd him to Amsterdam and a second Examination and Execution was done upon many of their Officers for Cowardise and others deeply Fin'd But now to return homeward in Guernsey the Governour of Chousey in France together with the Pilot or Master that brought him were apprehended for bringing a Letter to Major-General Lambert there in Prison and offering a contrivance by his escape to engage him against the publick Peace At first though the Dâ—signe was fully prov'd against him he denied all but the next day confessing the whole matter and retracting what he had said the day before he and the Pilot were both Executed upon the common Gallows for Spies Thus were the English sâ—cure enough from Forrein Enemies but the City of London had now to grapple with an Adversary more powerful than all their Machinations For upon the second of September about one of the clock in the Morning broke out a most sad and deplorable Fire in Pudding-lane neer New Fish street which falling out at that time of the Night and in a quarter of the City so close and built with Wooden Pitchâ—d Houses spread it self before Day so far and with such distraction to the Inhabitants that due care was not taken by them for the timely preventing the further dâ—ffusion of it by pulling down Houses as ought to have been so that in a short time the Fire began to be too big to be master'd by any Engines or working neer it It fell out most unhappily also that a violent Eatterly Wind somented it and kept it burning all that Day and the Night following spreading it self up to Grace-Church-Street and downwards from Cannon-street to the Water-side as far as the Three Cranes in the Vintrey The People in all parts were distracted by the vastness thereof and their particular care to carry away their own Goods yet many attempts were at length made to prevent the spreading of it by pulling down Houses and making great Intervals but all in vain the Fire seizing upon the Timber and Rubbish and so continuing its progress through those spaces and raging in a bright Flame all Mundy and Tuesday notwithstanding the King and Duke of York took most indefatigable pains night and day to apply all possible remedies to prevent it At length the Wind slackning on Tuesday-night and the Flames meeting with Brick buildings in the Temple by little and little it was observ'd to lose its force on that side On Wednesday-morning by the personal care and labour of the Duke of York a stop was put to it at the Temple-Church as also neer Holborn-bridge Piâ—-corner Aldersgate Cripplegate at the lower end of Coleman-street the hither end of Bishops-gate-street at Leaden-hall and the Stand in Cornhil at the Church in Fen-Church street at Cloathworkers-ball in Mincing-lane in the middle of Mark-lane and at Tower-Dock On Thursday it was wholly Extinguisht but so as that Evening it burst out again at the Temple by the falling of some sparkles upon a Pile of Wooden building But the Duke of York who all that night watch'd there in Person so encourag'd the People with his presence that by blowing up the Houses about it before day they most happily master'd it Two strangers Dutch and French were during the Fire Apprehended and Imprison'd and afterwards Examin'd by the Chief Justice of the King's-Bench assisted by the Lords of the Council Though notwithstanding that suspition it was most generally concluded to have been the Effect of some unhappy Chance or to speak better the heavy hand of Heaven About the Tower the seasonable Orders that were given for plucking down Houses to secure the Magazines of Powder were more successful that part being up the Wind though the Fire came almost to the very Gates by which early provision the several Stores of War lodg'd in the Tower were entirely sav'd It was observ'd that this Fire first happen'd in such a part of the Town where though the Commodities were not very rich yet they were so bulkie that they could not be well remov'd so that the Inhabitants sustain'd no very great loss of Goods but the other parts of the Town where the Commodities were of greater value took the Alarm so early that they sav'd the greatest part of their richest Merchandizes which did not a little diminish the loss Through this sad Accident it is easie to be imagin'd how many persons were necessitated to remove their Goods into the open Fields where they were forc'd to continue some time therefore the King was frequent in Consulting all ways to relieve these distressed persons as well by his Proclamations as Orders to the Justices of the Peace to send Provisions to the Markets Commanding the Victualler of his Navy to send Bread into Moor-fields which for the more speedy supply was sent in Bisket out of the Sea-stores The Fire being thus happily quench'd the King Proclaim'd a General Fast through England and Wales and order'd that the distresses of those who had more particularly suffer'd in that Calamity should be recommended to the Charity of all well-disposed persons upon that day to be afterwards distributed by the hands of the Lord Mayor of the City of London And to shew his Pious Care for the Cities Restoration he passed a Declaration in Council wherein he first prohibited the hastie Building any Edifices till care could be taken for its Re-edification so as might best secure it from the like Accidents That no person should Erect any House or Building but of Brick or Stone That the most Eminent Streets should be of a breadth and that no streets especially toward the Water should be so narrow as to render the passages inconvenient That a fair Wharf should be left all along the River-side no Houses being to be built but at such a Distance and none of those Houses to be Inhabited by Dyers Brewers or Sugar-Bakers That an Exact Survey should be made of the Ruines for the satisfaction of particular Interests and that a Model should be fram'd of the whole Building He also Recommended the Re-building of the Churches to the Charity and Magnanimity of well-affected Persons And for encouragement of others promis'd to Re-build his own Custom-House and to enlarge it for the benefit of Merchants which he afterwards did accordingly at his own Charge He also engaged to part with all his right and benefit upon all his
into which Sweden had offer'd to enter as a Principal Then putting them in minde of his vast Expences pasâ— and necessarily to ensue by the building of Ships and setting out another Navy he desir'd their speedy assistance with Money Lastly he recommended to their care to consider of a course how to beget a better Union of his Protestant Subjects After this Peace with the Dutch ensued the Peace with Spain not only renewing the ancient Friendship but enlarging the Trade and Commerce between both Kingdoms concluded in May last and this Moneth Proclaimed in England Toward the beginning of the Moneth the Count De Dona Embassador Extraordinary from the Crown of Sweden arriv'd at London but before he had concluded his Negotiation died in May following Toward the latter end of the Moneth Sir William Temple Envoy Extraordinary from his Majesty to the States of the Vnited Provinces having exchanged the Ratification of the late concluded League concluded another League concerning Maritime Affairs and having sent it into England for confirmation departed from Holland for Brussels The third of this Moneth was Launch'd that Famous Ship still known by the Name of Charles the Second This Moneth also upon the Petition of the Commons in Parliament a Proclamation was issu'd forth to enforce the Laws against Conventicles and for preserving the Peace of the Nation against unlawful Assemblies Forein Affairs 1667. A Gentleman of Savoy having his Head cut off at Geneva for some Crime committed there the Duke of Savoy did so exceedingly resent their Proceedings which he affirm'd to be both against the last Treaty between that City and him and against the Law of Nations that he was resolv'd to employ his Arms against them The City of Geneva appeal'd to the Switzers who in a Dyet at Baden as well of the Roman-Catholicks as Protestants where were also present the Embassadors of the Emperour and King of Spain unanimously resolv'd to give their Assistance to Geneva The Emperour's Embassador declar'd the like in the Name of his Master who was oblig'd to protect Geneva as an Imperial City being unjustly assaulted by a Prince of the Empire The Spanish Embassador deliver'd himself also in their favour But the main Affair which alarm'd the Princes of Europe was the pretension which the King of France made to the Spanish Netherlands and his great preparations to get the possession of what he laid claim to by force of Arms. Castle-Rodrigo represented to the King of France the scandal which would be given to all the World when they should see him engaged in a War against a Brother of only six years of age and a Regency subordinate to the Laws of a Testator without any form of Justice or demand of satisfaction That he doubted not but the Queen his Mistriss would willingly refer her self to the Princes of the Roman Empire to the Crown of England or the Vnited Provinces And thereâ—ore left it to his consideration how unjust it would be to attempt any Invasion without those Formalities and Interpositions which the Christian Princes had always observed Of this the King of France takes little notice for he thought he had done enough a little before by his Letter to the Queen of Spain wherein he wrote to her that she could not but know the right which the Queen his Wife had to several Territories of the Netherlands which she knowing to be solid had desir'd her Majesty to take particular Cognizance of and do her Justice therein That she in her Answer had not only pretended that she could not upon any consideration of that Affair enter into a discussion thereof but had sent Orders to the Governour of Flanders to administer the Oath of Fidelity to be administred to all the States and People of that Country which being an absolute refusal of doing him Justice had put him upon a necessity of being wanting to his Honour to himself to his Queen and the Dolphin his Son should he not by force of Arms endeavour to obtain that reason which had been denied him The Queen of Spain returns for Answer that the King of France could not be ignorant of the just Rights of the King her Son however that she was willing to enter into an Amicable Treaty wherein the Rights of her Son and Him might be seasonably examin'd so that Justice might take place by the ways and means most proper But the King of France not liking these delays of Words falls into the Spanish Territories in the Netherlands and takes Tournay Doway Bergen St. Winox Courtrich Oudenard and Lille and almost wholly reduces those parts under his Jurisdiction and besides all this he defeats a great part of the Spanish Army under Marcin killing 2000 upon the place and pursuing the rest to the very Walls of Damin On the other side he sends the Duke of Crequi with a Body of 8000 men to secure Alsatia and to prevent any Succours that the Emperour might send And hearing that his Forces were upon their March commanded the Prince of Conde as Generalissimo of that place to send a supply to Crequi to lie in their way Toward the latter end of the Year he fell into Franche Comte where the Prince of Conde took Bessanson Dole Gray Besterans Rochefort and so many other places that by the latter end of February the Conquest of that place was wholly compleated Though the Swedes stood firm to England during the War yet now that the King of England had concluded a Peace with the Dutch they also did the same The chief Conditions of the Treaty were That Swedeland should give up all their pretensions upon account of the Fort Cabo Corso in Guiny and the Ship Christina That the Swedes should give up all their Rights to the East-Indies and neither directly nor indirectly sail into those Coasts upon the account of Trade For which the King of Sweden should receive from the Dutch the sum of 140000 Crowns This Year toward the latter end of May died Pope Alexander the 7 th in the sixty ninth year of his Age and the twelfth of his Papacy In his place after several warm disputes was at length chosen Iulio Rospigliosi of Pistoya Secretary of State to the late Pope deceased He entred upon the Chair in the 71 year of his age by the Name of Clement the ninth As for the Venetian he had his hands full this year the City of Candy being now closely Besieged but though it were with greater numbers Assaulted it was with greater courage all this year defended Nor was Poland free from the Irruptions of the Tartars who had almost defeated the Polish General Sobieskie but that he made a timely Peace with them upon condition of a general Oblivion release of Prisoners on both sides and a sum of Money to be paid them Anno Dom. 1668. TOward the end of March several idle persons in and about the City being got together and abusing the Liberty givâ—n 'um by
the Holy-days it being then Easter-week tumultuously took upon 'um to pull down Houses of ill fame about the Suburbs according to former practises though their chief designe was to Steal and Plunder Some mischief they did and more intended had they not been dispers'd by the Guards of Horse The Scandal lay upon the Prentices but afterwards it appear'd otherwise Four of the number that were apprehended were upon Tryal found Guilty and Executed two of their Heads being set upon London-Bridge The twelfth of this Moneth the King went to the House of Lords where he was presented by the House with several Bills the chief whereof was one for the raising of 310000 l. by way of Imposition upon Wines and other Liquors which being pass'd with the rest the Parliament was adjourn'd till the 11 th of August next ensuing The place of Lord chief-Chief-Justice of the Common-Pleas being vacant Sir Iohn Vaughan was at the latter end of this Moneth solemnly Sworn Serjeant at Law and being the next day advanc'd to the vacant Dignity aforesaid took his place accordingly in Court. This Moneth arrived News that came then too soon of the burning of the Bridge-Town being the chief place of Trade in the Barbadoes the Fire not only consuming the greatest part of the Houses but also blowing up the Magazine to the great detriment of the publick as well as private persons But as it fares with most convenient Situations all hands going to work it quickly flourished again being above half rebuilt before the latter end of the year His Majesty had his Embassadors of Envoys in most other parts of Christendom only Spain and therefore having first conferr'd the Honour of Knighthood upon Sir William Godolphin hs made choice of him to reside as his Embassador in the Court of the Catholick King sending him away with all convenient speed And to keep a Correspondence with the Grand Signior for the good of the Merchants Sir Daniel Harvey was sent much about the same time Embassador to Constantinople These were no sooner gone but Monsieur Colbert arriv'd at London as Embassador from the King of France At the beginning of this Moneth the Duke of York went for Dover neer which place in a Tent erected for that purpose he took the usual Oath of Warden of the Cinque Ports And to shew that his Majesty was not unmindful of keeping a Watch upon the Proceedings of the Netherlands it was not long after that Sir William Temple now the King's Embassador Extraordinary in Holland made his publick Entry into the Hague and had his Audience of the Deputies of the States It was in August expected the Parliament should have met again but the King by his Proclamation for great and weighty considerations adjourn'd them to the tenth of November ensuing In November upon the Resignation of the Lord Gerrard the Duke of Monmouth receives the Command of the Life-guards of Horse being openly conferrd upon him by the King Some few days after Pietro Mocenigo Embassador from the Republick of Venice made his publick Entry and had Audience of his Majesty And now Mr. Secretary Maurice growing old and tiâ—'d with State-Affairs craves leave of the King to make a resignation of his most important employment which being consented to by his Majesty Sir Iohn Trevor Knight succeeded him who at the same time taking the usual Oaths of a Privy-Councellor soon after was admitted to take his place at the Council-board Nor was the King less careful of the Church than State this Moneth being famous for the Consecration of that Learned Prelate Dr. Iohn Wilkins Bishop of Chester in the Chappel of Ely-House His Majesty's Navy though considerable had done little else but shew'd its Grandeur all this Summer when on a suddain Sir Thomas Allen being dispatch'd for the Mediterranean appears before Argier where though at first they stood upon their terms yet when they saw him preparing to use force their Stomacks began to come down so that they immediately offer'd a release of all the Captive English which had been taken by them belonging to Tangier They also agreed to the former Peace made between the King of England and them with some additions which were signed by them and Sir Thomas Allen to this effect That all their Captains should be commanded to let all English Vessels pass without damage or molestation upon their shewing English Colours If in any Vessel the English were equal to the Strangers then they should be free if the Strangers exceeded the English then Lawful Prize however if they shew'd an English Pass to be let go That none of their little Frigats with Oars shall stop any Vessel laden with Provisions or Ammunition for Tangâ—er That they shall not deliver any of their little Frigats with Oars to any of the Salley-men to make use of That if any of their little Vessels intended for Tangier they should take a Pass from the English Consul at Argier From thence he sail'd for Tripoli at whose appearance the King of the place sent out a Brigantine and a Favourite of his to bid him welcome assuring him of his readiness to keep and maintain the ancient Friendship and continue the Articles already agreed on The Parliament who had adjourn'd themselves to the first of March were about the middle of this Moneth by the King's Proclamation Prorogu'd for many weighty and urgent reasons till the tenth of October following The Births of Princes and Princesses oftentimes the subjects of Great Histories are never to be omitted Therefore was this Moneth not a little signalized seeing the Dutchess of York was about the middle thereof deliver'd of a Daughter which was Baptized by the Name of Henrietta by the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the Duke of Ormond assisting as Godfather the Marchioness of Dorchester and the Countess of Devonshire being honour'd for Godmothers The King in testimonie of his Amity with Spain had sent Sir Edward Sprague as his Envoy to complement the Constable oâ— Castile upon his Entry upon the Government of the Spanish Netherlands who having perform'd what he had in charge return'd at the latter end of this Moneth That which compleated the double date of this Year was the coming of the Prince of Tuscany to compleat his Travels by a view of England where after he had been magnificently Treated by the King himself both at London and Windsor and in many other Cities and places by several of the Nobility and persons of Quality of this Kingdom he departed for Holland and so to his own Country Forrein Affairs 1668. The Differences at Avignon being compos'd the Citizens sent two Embassadors one on the behalf of the Nobility the other of the Commonalty to Rome who being admitted into the presence of the Pope sware Fâ—alty to him after the usual manner and shew'd their great Satisfaction of the choise which the Pope had made of Cardinal Rospigliosi his Nephew to
Reside there as his Legate France may be thought to have no kindness for the Jesuits however the most Christian King could not be said to do amiss not to let 'um Triumph over their Superiors for Complaint being made that the Jesuits in the Diocess of Fambers had refus'd to give Obedience to the Bishop of that Diocess the King gave leave to the Bishop to proceed against them by Excommunication according to the Priviledges of the Gallicane Church whereupon the Bishop suspended them from all their Functions forbidding them to Preach Teach or Confess any person within the Territories of his Diocess The King of France being now Master of several Towns of Flanders late under the Jurisdiction of the Spaniards and having totally reduc'd the County of Burgundy under his Subjection of which in favour of the Prince of Conde he immediately granted two Reversions one to the Duke D' Enguien Son of the said Prince and the other to the Duke of Bourbon his Grand-Child thought it convenient to listen to the Mediation then proffer'd by several Princes of Europe chiefly by the King of England and the States of the Vnited Netherlands so that a Treaty was concluded upon and Aix la Chapelle appointed the Place for the Commissioners to meet in In the mean time while the Spaniards lay upon their Demurs a League was Concluded by the Mediation of the Earl of Sandwich the King of Englands Embassador at Lisbon between the two Crowns of Spain and Portugal a League of sincere and perpetual Peace containing a Release of Prisoners Nullity of Confiscations Freedom of Commerce and such other Usual Articles which were in Six Months after Publication to be Confirm'd and Ratifi'd by the King of Great Britain And now as if the General Design of Europe were Peace the Commissioners meet at Aix la Chapelle for the King of England Sir William Temple for the Dutch Mr. Beverning for the French Monsieur Colbert for the King of Spain the Baron of Bergeick who having some time before Sign'd Provisional Articles in order to a final Conclusion whereby a suspension of Arms was granted and the March of the French Army Countermanded at length fell seriously to their Work so that by the second of May the Articles of General Peace were sign'd by the Plenipotentiaries of both Kings and afterwards Proclaim'd through all the Chief places of France Spain and Flanders to the general content of Europe and satisfaction of the Mediators But notwithstanding this fair Peace the Spaniards did not like the Neighbourhood of the French and therefore would have made an Exchange of some other Territories of theirs lying farther off for that oâ— Frâ—nche Comâ—e On the otherside the French not satisfi'd with what they had got Claim'd several Towns as dependencies upon their late Conquests as the Towns of Conde Newport and other places Hereupon to end these differences and to settle the bounds of the French Jurisdiction Commissioners are appointed to meet at Lille but they determine nothing upon which the French King makes a positive demand of all that he Challeng'd and the Spaniards Order the several Commanders to have a care of the Defence of their several Charges In which posture we leave 'um hatching new Discords for this Year Leaving these great Actors upon the Stage of the World we are coming to one who is making his Exit for the King of Poland at the beginning of the Year had signifiâ—â— to the publick Dyet of that Kingdom his Resolution to make a Resignation many applications were made to him whether Real or out of Ceremony not here to be determin'd that he would please to change his purpose and some other delays happen'd as in a matter of so great importance so that the Ceremony was not perform'd till September at which time the King appearing in the publick Assembly and in a pathetick Speech insisting on his misfortune to meet with such bad times and desiring pardon for what had been done amiss during the time of his Raign departed out of the Assembly and in his own Coach leaving the Castle went to a private House he had in the City The Nobility would have attended him but he refus'd it But there were enough that ardently coveted what he had so calmly forsaken The Duke of Muscovy was urgent for his own Son The Emperour for the Prince of Lorrain And the French King for the Duke of Newburg a Creature of his own But the Pole refus'd all but more especially the French whose Embassador the Bishop of Bezieres they would not endure should stay in the Kingdom to have any finger in the Election Nor was any thing this Year concluded In Holland Monsieur Cariâ—ius put a very hard Riddle to the States When they would be pleas'd to pay his Majesty the King of Denmark several sums of Money which he pretended to be due upon Promise particularly 400000 Rixdollars from the States of Holland and 14000 from those of Amsterdam This Question occasion'd many Debates and Conferences and was at length put to the Arbitration of the King of France Now for varieties sake and to shew there was some Justice at Rome I must not omit an Act of the Pope at this time raigning A Complaint being Exhibited to his Holiness by a person of Tivoli that whereas he had liv'd several years with his Mother with great content and satisfaction upon an Estate of 1500 Dollars per Annum His Mother falling sick was during her sickness so far prevail'd upon by a Jesuit her Confessor that she had by Will given away all the Estate to the Order not reserving any thing for the subsistance of him her Son The Pope extreamly dissatisfi'd with this Complaint sent for his own Confessor and in very severe Language commanded him to finde out the General and in his Name to require him to write to the Superior at Tivoli to restore the Petitioner his Land again Nor must we omit now we are at Rome the Canonization of an American Virgin named Rosa a Nun in a Covent of St. Dominick For every body in England does not understand what a glorious thing it is to be made a Saint The Church was hung with Tapistry and Inscriptions in honour of the New Saint on the Altar stood her Image and about it the Arms of the Pope the King of Spain the Kingdom of Peru and this Religious Dominican During the Te Deum one of the Cannons of St. Peters Church was fir'd a great number of Drums and Trumpets sounding and several Vollies of shot given by a Squadron of Germans drawn up neer the Church After which a solemn Mass was sung by six Quires of Musick In the Afternoon the Pope heard Vespers in the same Church present several Cardinals with the Embassadors and Ministers of Forrein Princes and the Evening spent in Lights and Fire-works The Venetians are busied for the defence of their Candia and by the Assistance of the French hold the Turk hard to it this
it 340. Dumb one meets 362. Another pretended Parliament 382. Memberr excluded ibid. In a full House with the Other House 398 399. Dissolved 401. One called by Richard their Transacting with him and the Other House and the Army 413 to 418. The Long one dissolved 439. Most gladly and reverendly reecive the Kings Letters 445. Their resolves thereupon 446. Their affairs before the King's return 453. They say hold on his Majesties Declaration from Breda 454. Dissolved 470. Another meet by the Kings Writ 496 Parliament 519.520 Prorogued 523 527. Meet 530. Prorogued 532. Meet at Oxford 542. Prorogued 543. Their Thanks to the Vniversity ibid. Prorogued 545 549. Meet 555. Vote a supply ibid. Prorogueâ— and meet 563. Adjourn 564. Meet 566. Adjourn 568. Adjourn ibid. Prorogued 569. Meet and Prorogued 574. Meet 576. Adjourned 577. Prorogued 580. They make an address about English Manufactures 580. Prorogued 581. Adjourned 587. Meet 589. Adjourned 590. Meet and prorogued 591. Meet 602. Prorogued ibid. Meet again ibid. Parliament of Scotlaud 524 526. Proceed against Nonconformists 545. Meet at Edinburgh 574. Pass the Act for a Treaty of Vnion 577 Parliament in Ireland 545 Patrick Pursel Irish Maj. Gen. his treachery and cowardise 241 Pauw Embassador from Holland 227. Dies 324 Piercy James pretends to the Earldom of Northumberland 590 Piercy Capt. Executed 578 Pembroke Siege 172 Pen Sea-Capt. 293. Sea-General 369 376 Pennington and Pym 36. Pym dieth 56 Penâ—eâ—â—is-castle 111 Pendruddock's Insurrection c. 367. Tried and Beheaded 372 Perth in Scotland five Articles 3 Petitions from Essex Surrey c. for peace 172 Petition and Advice 393 Phanatick Plots 500 512 Phelim O Neal Irish General 21 Phenix lost 328. Regained 330 Philips Young Stubs Baker and two Gibs Executed 513 Piedmont story of a Massacre 373 â—â—ague in the Loyal-Irish Provinces 242 〈◊〉 ships taken by Sir Richard Stainer 383 〈…〉 tentiaries of the Rumpin the Sound 462 〈…〉 tentiaries return from Cologne 599 Plot pretended against the Protector 358. Another started 403. vide Cavalier Plot in Ireland 520. Plotters Executed 545 Plot in England 520. Plotters tryed 521. Executed ibid. More Plotters 549. Condemned and Executed 550 Pontefract-Castle 72. Dâ—livered 131 Poland King his ill success 545. Polanders revolt 546 549. Make peace with the Tartars 568. The King resignes 571. Several pretend to the Crown ibid. New King Elected 577. New dissentions there 590. King dies 596. Defeats the Turks ibid. Popham Sea-General dies 303 Pope and King of France quarrel 524. Agree 525. Popes Iustice 571. Dies 577. A new one chosen 579 596 Popish Priests Banished 578 599. Orders against popish Priests ibid Porta Ferina Fight 374 Porto Longone fight between the Dutch and Capt. Badily 328 Portsmouth taken 39 Portugueze murthered 522 Portugal Embassador to the new English States 277. Concludes a peace 332. Concludes a League ibid. His Brother Dâ—n Pontaleon Sa Beheaded for what 361. That King dies 383 Portugal Match declared by the King 497 Portugal routs the Spaniard 526. Victory 533 546. Invade Spain 547. At peace with Spain 570. Prince of Portugal made Regent 572 Potter Condemned 290 Powel and Laughorn saved ibid. Power onely in the people 225 Poyntz Col. 89 91 139 143. Poyer Col. shot to death 231 Prentices Tumult 568 Presbyterian Government established for three years 125. Ministers own not the Parliament 255. Seized by the Council of State 290 Presbytery tending to an establishment 439 Presbyterians endeavour a Toleration 511 Pride and Hewson and Sir Hardress Waller force the Houses 192 Private Bills pass'd by the King 509 Prizes taken from the Dutch 322 Proclamation of the King 's Privy Council slighted in Scotland 5 7. Of the King for the Kings Iudges to render themselves 454 Of twenty miles to Rump Officers 511. Against Papists 565 Propositions to the King at Colbrook on his march to London 41. Made for tryal of the King by the Iuncto 194 195. Protestants in Savoy 526 Pryn writes agaidst Bishops and Ceremonies put in the Pillory for it 2. Meets the Rump 420 Publick Faith 37 Putten Van his fall 589 Q Qualifications made by the Rump of all such to bold Offices 421 Quarter free 156 Quarrel the state of it between the Scots and Cromwel 271 Queen-Mother Mary de Medicis coming to England taken for Ominous why 9 Queen with the Princess of Aurange for Holland carries the Crown-Iewels 27. Lands in Burlington-Bay 42. Endangered by shot proclaimed Traitor 44. Meets the King at Edgâ—â— hill 43. Goes for security from Oxford to Exeter 57. From thence to France 58 Queen-mother arriâ—â—s 〈◊〉 England 469. Departs Returns 4â—â— Returns for France 539. Dies 573. Queen of Bohemia likewise dies 504 Queen Catherine â—mbarkes from Lisbon 507. Arrives aâ— â—â—â—â—â—mouth 508. At Hampton-court 509. To White-hall ibid. R Ragland-Castle 109 110 111. Duke of Richmond with the King 132 147 Rainsborough tur 〈…〉 of the Navy by the Sea-men 〈…〉 at Doncaster 193 Ramsey Colâ— 42 Rea Lord defeatâ—◠〈◊〉 â—â—otland 233 Reâ—â—â—ng besieged and rendred 43 〈…〉 in Ireland 20 to 25. The Rebels proclaimed Traitors 26 Recognition-Act and expedient for it the Army jar-with Richard 414 Red-house stormed 272 Remedies proper against late troubles 508 Remonstrance a second of the Parliament worse than the former 35 Armies villaâ—â—â— Remonstrance first against the King 185 186. The Module of our ruine 136 Remonstrance of the Western Scots 280 Remonstrants their folly 304 Repeal of Act against Bishops 501 Resolution of Parliament in answer to the Kings Declaration 51â— Restitution of King and Kingdom 444 Revocation and Impropriation-Act in Scotland original of those troubles â—â—4 Reynolds Commissary-General in â—reland his actions 310 Reynolds Col. Knighted 373. Meets the Duke of York 397. Sent for by Cromwel there upon and cast away ibid. Reynoldson Lord-mayor refuseth to proclaim the Act against Kingly Government fined Imprisoned and degraded 231 Richard Protector 409. his advice and Councellors ibid. Proclaimed a story of his guards 413. Calls a Parliament ibid. Offered terms by the King his suspence 417. Consents to a Commission and Proclamation to dissolve the Parliament 317. Layd aside by the Army in danger of arrest and hides himself 418. Gives a transcript of his debts resolveth and promiseth to acquiesce under the Rump 422 Richlieu intermeddles with the Scotch War 9 Riches Regiment of Horse mutiny at Bury 438 Richmond Duke diâ—s 589 Riot at Lambeth-house Riâ—ers rescued 12 13 Roberts Lord for the Parliament Deputy of Ireland 573 De la Roche taken 5â—â— Roch David defeated vide Broughil â—â—â— Rochester Earl at Ratisbone Diet in Gerâ—â—â—ny 329 Rolf treacherously intends to murther 〈◊〉 King 16â— Rosa Canonized at Rome 57â— Ross in Ireland yielded by Luke Taaff â—â— Cromwel 2â—â— Rothes Earl L. Commissioner in Scotland 5â—â— Rous Francis Speaker to the little Parl. 349 Rudyard Sir Benjamin a Patriot â—36 De Ruyter at mouth of Channel 326 Ruines of St. Pauls â—â—4 Rump 419. Debar the secluded Me 〈…〉 Derivation of the Rump
Windsor castle Th. Andrews Anth. Stapely Th. Horton Recruit to the Long Parl. John Fry a Yeoman of Dorsetshire an Arrian Thom. Hammond Bâ—other to Dr. Hammond the Kings Iaylor Isaac Pennington Lord Mayor of London Simon Meyne of Buckinghamshire died in the Tower Sir Hardress Waller a Souldier of Fortune Will Hâ—veningham Esq 〈◊〉 antient Family in Suffolk Henry Marten Owen Row a Silk-man of London Augustine Garland a person relating to the Law Henry Smith one of the Six Clerks in Chancery Robert Titchbourn Lord Mayor of London George Fleetwood James Temple Thomas Wait. Peter Temple a London Linneâ—-draper Bâ—â—gesâ— for Leicester Robert Lilburn Brother to John Lilburn Gilbert Millington a Lawyer Vincent Potter an upstart Member John Downs a Citizen of London and a Colonel Thomas Wogan an obscure person John Lisle a Gentleman and Lawyer President of several High Courts of Iustice. Will. Say Esq. a Lawyer and Deputy-speaker of the House of Commons Valentine Walton Brother in law to Cromwel and Governour of Lyn. Edward Whaley a Wollen-draper his Family of Nottinghamshire a good souldier Edm. Ludlow the son of a Traytor a daring souldier Sir Michael Livesey of Kent John Hewson a Shoo-maker dead in Exile a bold Commander Will. Goffe a Salters Apprentice and a bold Commander Cor. Holland a servant to Sir Hen. Vane Thomas Challoner a great speech-maker against the K. Will. Cawley a Brewer of Chichester Nic. Love son to Dr. Love of Winchester John Dixwel Governour of Dover Castle Daniel Blagrave a recruit for Reading Daniel Broughton a Clerk Edward Dendy Serjeant at Arms. John Hutchison fined Francis Lassels fined Lord Munson Ja Challoner Esq. Sir Hen. Mildmay Ro. Wallop Esq. Sir Ja Harrington and John Phelps their Estates Forfeited drawn to Tyburn and Imprisoned during life The High Court of Iustice sits Jan. 20. A crimson Velvet-chair and Cushion for the President Silence made the Hall-gate set open Col. Thomlinson commanded to bring his prisoner He is brought to the Bar a chair of crimson-Velvet set for him Silence made the Act for the Tryal of Charles Stuart King of England read The Names of the Commissioners read The Presidens speech to the King Cook Solicitor-General offers to speak is forbid by the King He proceeds The Charge read President demands the Kings Answer His Majesty refuseth to Answer and disowns the Authority of the Court. Proves his Title to the Crown by succession not Election Is prevented by the Presidents insolent rebukes Who urgeth for an Answer The King still refuseth demanding their Authority The President answers their Authority is Gods and the Kingdoms The Court riseth The head of the Kings staff falls down â—e stoops and takes it up Some cry God save the King others Iustice and Execution by Axtels directions The Court sits the King comes in the people shout Solicitor moves for the Kings Answer President insists upon it His Majesty still denies the Authority of the Court. Refuseth to plead and offers to shâ—w his Reasons Here the King would have delivered his Reasons but was not suffered His Majesty presseth to shew his Reasons but cannot be permitted He desires to Demur He is over-ruled by the Court and Interrupted The Cleâ—k reâ—d The Guards charged to take away their Prisoner The Court order the default and contempt to be Recorded The King guarded to Sir Ro. Cottons The Court adjourns The Court sits again The King comes The Sollicitor moves the Court for Iudgement The Presidents speech in behalf of the Court he demands a positive answer from the King His Majesty desires to speak for the Liberties of the people but is not permitted till he gives his Answer to Guilty or not Guilty 〈…〉 to give any particular answer desires 〈◊〉 to shew his Reasons is interrupted again and again The Clerk reads His Majesty justifies his proceedings and refuseth to Answer to the Charge The Guards ordered to take charge of their Prisoner The King goes forth and the Court adjourns His Majesties Reasons against the Iurisdiction of the Court which be intended to speak in Court but was hindered No proceeding just but what is warranted by the Laws of God or man No Impeachment can lie against the King The House of Commons cannot erect a Court of Iudicature Nor are the Membeâ—â— of this House Coâ—â—issioned by the people of England The Priviledges oâ—â—aâ—liameâ—t Violated The higher House excluded and the major part of the lower deterred from sitting The frame of Government chaâ—ged The Court sits Silence commanded The King comes the souldiers cry for Iustice. His Majesty desires to be heard but not permitted The Court withdraws Serejant at Arms withdraws the King The Court returns resolving to proceed The King brought into the Court he urgeth to be heard and adviseth the Court against a haâ—ty Iudgement The Presidents speech in defence of the Courts proceedings His Majesty is interrupted Silence commanded the Sentence read The Charge read The King required to give his Answer he refuseth The King guarded awaâ— He is abused by the Souldiers disturbed in his Devotions His admirable patience He desires to see his Children and Doctor Juxon The King tempted with new Proposals from some Grandees of the Army B. Juxon preacheth before him at Saint James ' s. His Maj. giveth his Blessing to the Duke of Gloucester and the Lady Elizabeth His pious advice to them The Duke of Gloucester 's reply The Lady Elizabeths Relation of what passed between his Majesty and her He adviseth her to read Bp. Andrew 's Sermons Hookers Policy and Bp. Laud against Fisher. A Committee appointed to consider of the time and place for Execution They agree upon the open street before White-hall the morrow following The Waâ—raâ—â— for the Kings Exâ—â—utâ—â—â— Sigâ—â—d by Joh. Bradshaw Tho Gray Ol. Cromwel 〈◊〉 to Col. Fâ— Hacker 〈◊〉 Hunks anâ— Liâ—â— Coâ—oâ—el â—hray Factious Ministers appointed to attend the King he refuseth to confer with them Bp. of London readeth prayers to him and administers the Sacrament The King brought to White-hall Mr. Seymor presents his Majesty with a Letter from the Prince The Kings friends â—arbarously uâ—â—d Engines to force the King 〈…〉 had â—â—sâ—ted His Majesty had â—ot spoâ—en bâ—t that â—therwise he might be thought to submit to the guilt Hâ— began not 〈◊〉 War spanâ— Hoâ—sâ—s His Majesâ—y lays not the 〈…〉 the two 〈◊〉 iâ—l â—â—struments the cauâ—e of it 〈…〉 Sentence puâ—â—shed with another His Majesty forgives all the world evâ—â— the caâ—sers 〈◊〉 his death 〈…〉 waâ— to Pâ—ace Conquest an ill way seldom 〈◊〉 To give God his due and the Kâ—ng his 〈◊〉 is the right way Give God his due in setâ—ing the Church As to the King it concerning 〈◊〉 hiâ— Majesty â—aves it Peoples Liberty consiâ—â—s in having Government not sâ—aring in it His Majesty the Martyr of the People His Majestie deâ—â—ares hâ—s Râ—ligioâ— * Afterwards Sir William Clerk The King makes ready for Execution Dr. Juxon comforts him It is known for to give it the Prince His Majesty
the Parliament did Barebone 's Parliament dissolved Dec. 12. Squib 's and Harrison 's Speeches upon this occasion in the House The Speaker resignes the Instrument The Protector Install's Dec. 16. The heads of the Module of Government The Protector 's Oath The Proclamation of the Protector Major-Gen Harrison and other Colonels disgust the Usurper The Anabaptists and Sectaries favoured by the Protector His Council The Dutch Embassadors have Audience Col. Lilburn chief Commander in Scotland He defeats the Royalists Col. Wogan slain Mortogh O Brian submits March Cromwel inclined to Friendship with the French The Frigats at Brest rove at Sea Serjeants at Law made The Dutch Peace The Protector Dines at Grocers-hall and Knights Alderman Viner Feb. 8 A Brick-bat flung at the Protectors Coach Gen. Monke sent by the Protector to Scotland to command in chief A Plot. Col. Gerrard c. seized Feb. Cromwel sends his Son Henry into Ireland Cromwel ensures himself Whitlock Embassador to Sweden owns the Protector Monsieur Burdeaux Embassador in Ordinary to the Protector Commissioners Nye c. for approbation of Ministers March Cock-matches and Horse-races prohibited and all such concourses of people The Commission of the Great Seal altered Hannah Trapnel a Quaking Prophetess secured Scotch Estates sold. Gen. Monke proclaims Oliver at Edenburgh Arguile sides with the English A High Court of Iustice. Lisle President thereof Col. Gerrard and Vowel Executed July 10. Col. John Gerrard aâ—d the Portugal Embassador's Brother Beheaded July 10. Ships blown up neer London Bridge A short account of the Highland War The Earl of Glencarn submits to the English The Farewel to the Scotch War The King through Leige to the Spaw Cromwel falls from his Coach-box Mr. Scrugg's Counsellorâ— A Parliament and met Sep. 3. Cromwel's Speech Sâ—vera Orâ—â—nances pubâ—iâ—hed in Pâ—â—â—iament The designe on the West-Indies Sep. The Parl. Examine the Cases of the Lord Craven and Sir John Stawel The Duke of Gloucester with the King at Colen Gen. Blake a wary Commander Cromwel's Mother dieth and is Buried in State in Hen. 7th 's Chappel Mr. John Selden dyes Fleetwood made Deputy of Ireland Steel Lord-Chancellour and Pepys Lord-Chief-Iustice The Cavaliers and Fifth-Monarchy-Plot Maj. Gen. Overton Col. Okey and other Officers Cashiered Overton Committed to the Tower The Kings designe discovered by Manning Sir Ralph Vernon Imprisoned Western Insurrection Sir Joseph Wagstaff Col. Penruddock and Grove at Salisbury The King Proclaimed at Blandford March Penruddock and Grove taken Sir Joseph Wagstaff escapes Manning shot in the Duke of Newburgh 's Country A terrable fire in Fleet-street London another at Abetsoyle in Scotland Major Wildman Committed The Chancery and Hackney-Coaches regulated A great fire in Thredneedle-street London Harris a great Châ—â—t Heresies and Sects Biddle a famous seducer Publisher of the Racovian Catechism The Turkish Alchoran Englished The three grand Impostors a seditious piece Hispaniola and Jamaica Expidition A suddâ—â— and strange Deâ—eat to the English They Rally And are again Defeated by the Spaniards Considerations of this defeat James Duke of Richmond dieth Windsor Knights The Tryal of Penruddock c. May. Six Condemned at Salisbury 26 at Exeter And sive at Chard Major Hunt 's handsome escape Transportation of Royalists June Iesuits Exiled Iudges Thorp and Newdigate lay down their Commissions Marquess De Lede in England Cromwel pretends to compassionate the Waldenses Mr. Moreland in Savoy Serj. Maynard c. to the Tower Porta Ferino fight Apr. 4. Nath. Fiennes made Cromwel 's Lord Privy-Seal Steel made Lord Chief-â—aron Lambert Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports and Glyn made Lord Chieâ—-Iustice Cromwel gives preserments to several Officers and others Sir Wil. Constable one of the Kings Iudges dieth and is buried in Hen. 7 th's Chappel A terrible fire at Lambeth The Nobility and Gentry of England secured An Agent from the Prince of Transilvania departs The King of Sweden in Poland A Swedish Embassador Hannum the infamous Thief breaks Prison and escapes Pen returns and Venables Sept. King Charles at Frankfort He is honourably treated by the Prince Elector of Mentz Dury a Minister one of Cromwel 's Agents An Embassador from Venice complements Cromwel Arguile comes to kiss his Hands French peace concluded Octob. 24. The Royal Family of England Excluded The Spaniard declare a war with England The Loyal Clergie supprest â—â—omwel 〈◊〉 a new Authority Autâ—â—â—y Royalists forbid to wear Arms. Mr. Davison c. escapes at St. James's They kill a Souldier and are retaken are Indicted for Murther but found guilty onely of Man-slaughter Cromwel and the Jews treat about a Toleration Manasseh Ben Israel their Agent Note that it cost the people of England a whole fifteenth to get them expelled in Ed. r. Earl of Glencarn Prisoner in Edenborough 23 persons killed by the fall of Spalding Abbey Sir Tho Ashcock cut his Throat Sir Thomas Wortley killed A Stationers Servant in Fleet-street hangeth himself Colonel Granthamson killed The Bp. of Armagh dieth Cromwel allowes 200 l. towards his Funeral Thames Ebbe and flow twice in two hours Sir George Sonds his two unfortunate Sons the one â—illing the other and â—s 〈◊〉 for it A rencounter at Sea Maj. General Worsley dieth and is buried in Hen. 7 th's Chappel Wrestling in Moor-fields forbid Hannam the great Thief Hanged A great fire at St. Johnstons in Scotland A Committee appointed for inspection of Charters Gloucester Cathedral a School-house and Church Cromwel 's designe in setting up the Maj. Generals first to awe Elections The awe of Elections to Parliament Mr. Villiers changeth his Name by patent to Danvers The Parliament met Dr. Owen Preacheth before the Protector Exclusion of Membâ—rs thrâ— Parliament Sir Thomas Widdrington chosen Speaker The King's Title to the Crown annuled A Bill for the Protector 's safety The Paâ—l promise to assist him againâ—t the Spaniards The Plate-ships taken by Capt. Stayner Sep. Marq. of Badajox one of the King of Spain 's Governours killed The Parliament appoint a day of Thanksgiving The King of Portugal dies James Naylor the Quaker appears He pâ—â—sonates our Saviour He is sentenced to stand twice in the Pillory to be twice whipt to be Stigmatized and to be Bored through the Tongue Lambert appears in his behalf The King at Bruges Several Prisoners released Sindercomb 's Plot. The Parliament congratulates Cromwel 's deliverance The Contents of the Speaker's Speech Syndercombe Condemned at the Kings-Bench by Iustice Glyn. He is sent to the Tower and the night before his Execution found dead He is buried under the Scaffold at Tower-hill a Stake being driven through his Body The Parliament dine with the Protector Jan. Alderman Pack motions Cromwel for King The Peace with Portugal Proclaimed Sir Thomas Widdrington commends the Title and Office of a King Cromwel courted to accept it The Ld. Whitlock's Speech to the Protector The Protector 's Speech to the Parliament concerning the Title of King Lambert turned off Fifth-Monarchy Plot. One Machlin 〈◊〉 in his Age. The
Kingdom of England c. Here the Clerk read the Charge Which Charge being read unto him as aforesaid He the said Charles Stuart was required to give his Answer but he refused so to do expressing the several passages of his refusing in the former proceedings For all which Treasons and Crimes this Court doth adjudge that He the said Charles Stuart as a Tyrant Traytor Murtherer and a publike Enemy shall be put to Death by severing his Head from his Body Jan. 27. 1648. Which being read Bradshaw added This Sentence now read and published it is the Act Sentence Judgement and Resolution of the whole Court To which they all expressed their assent by standing up as was before agreed and ordered And then the King not being admitted to reply was taken by his Guards and carried to Sir Robert Cottons the Souldiers as he passed down the Staires scoffing at him and casting the smoak of their Tobacco a thing odious to him in his Face and strewing the Pipes in his way And one more insolent than the rest Spitting in his Face which his Majesty according to his wonted Heroick Patience took no more notice of than to wipe it away As he passed along further hearing the same wretches crying out Justice Execution He said Alass poor souls for a piece of money they would do so for their Commanders Being brought thus to Sir Robert Cottons a house neer adjoyning and thence by water to White-â—all the Souldiers at their Commanders instigation who were set on likewise by Cromwel continued their brutish carriage toward him abusing all that seemed to shew any respect or even compassion to him not suffering him to rest in his Chamber but thrusting in and smoaking their Tobacco and disturbing his privacy But through all these Trials unusual to Princes he passed with such a calm and even temper that he let nothing fall unbeseeming his former Majesty and Magnanimity In the Evening a Member of the Army acquainted the Committee with his Majesties desire that seeing they had passed a Sentence of Death upon him and his time might be nigh he might see his Children and Doctor Iuxon Bishop of London might be admitted to assist him in his private Devotions and receiving the Sacrament Both which at length were granted At this time did some of the Grandees of the Army tempt the King with new Proposals but so destructive to the peoples Liberty and Safety so contrary to his Honour and Conscience and so reproachful to any Christian Government that he with the like courage and constancy which he had shewed throughout his Troubles rejected and chose the Cross to prepare him whereto the Lord Bishop of London on Sunday being that day guarded at Saint Iames's preached before him on these words In the day when God shall judge the secrets of all men by Iesus Christ according to my Gospel On Monday following the day before his death the Duke of Gloucester and the Lady Elizabeth were brought to him whom he most joyfully received and giving his Blessing to the Princess He had her remember to tell her Brother James when even she should see him That it was his Fathers last desire that he should look no more upon Charles as his eldest Brother onely but be obedient unto him as his Sovereign And that they should love one another and forgive their Fathers Enemies And then said unto her Sweet-heart you will forget this No said she I shall never forget it while I live And pouring forth abundance of Tears promised him to write down the particulars Then the King taking the Duke of Gloucester upon his Knee said Sweet-heart now they will Cut off thy Fathers Head upon which words the Child looked very wishfully on him Mark Child what I say They will Cut off my Head and perhaps make thee a King But mark what I say you must nâ—t be a King so long as your Brothers Charles and James do live for they will Cut off your Brothers Heads when they can catch them and Cut thy Head off too at last and therefore I charge you do not be made a King by them At which the Child sighing said I will be torn in pieces first Which falling so unexpectedly from one so young it made the King rejoyce exceedingly Another Relation from the Lady Elizabeths own Hand What the King said to me 29 of January last being the last time I had the happiness to see him He told me he was glad I was come and although he had not time to say much yet somewhat he had to say to me which he had not to another or leave in writing because he feared their Crueltie was such as that they would not have permitted him to write to me He wished me not to grieve and torment my self for him for that would be a glorious Death that he should die it being for the Laws and Liberties of the Land He bid me read Bishop Andrews Sermons Hookers Ecclesiastical Policy and Bishop Laud 's Book against Fisher which would ground me against Poperie He told me he had forgiven all his Enemies and hoped God would forgive them also and commanded us c. to forgive them He bid me tell my Mother that his thoughts had never strayed from her and that his Love would be the same to his last Withal he commanded me and my Brother to be obedient to her And bid me send his Blessing to the rest of my Brothers and Sisters with commendation to all his Friends So after he had given me his Blessing I took my leave Further he commanded us all to forgive those People but never to trust them for they had been most false to him and to those that gave them power and be feared also to their own Souls And desired me not to grieve for him for he should die a Martyr and that he doubted not but that the Lord would settle his Throne upon his Son and that we should all be happier than we could have expected to have been if he had lived With many other things which at present I cannot Remember The same day the Regicides met being sixty four in number at the Painted-Chamber in pursuance of their Bloody Sentence and appointed Sir Hardress Waller Harrison Ireton Dean and Okey to be a Committee to consider of the Time and Place for the Execution who having made a report fourty eight of the Commissioners meeting again the same day made this Resolve Vpon Report made for considering of the Time and Place of the Executing of the Iudgement against the King that the said Committee have Resolved that the open street before White-hall is a fit place and that the said Committee conceive it fit that the King be there Executed to Morrow the King having already notice thereof The Court approved thereof and ordered a Warrant to be drawn for that purpose which Warrant was accordingly drawn and agreed unto and
ordered to be ingrossed which was done and Signed and Sealed accordingly as followeth At the High Court of Iustice for Trying and Iudging of Charles Stuart King of England January 29. 1648. Whereas Charâ—es Stuart King of England is and standeth Convicted Attainted and Condemned of high Treasâ—n and other high Crimes and Sentence upon Saturday last was pronounced against him by this Court to be put to death by severing his Head from his Body of which Sentence Execution yet remains to be done These are therefore to will and require you to see the said Sentence Executed in the open street before White-hall upon the morrow being the 30 day of this instant Month of January between the hours of ten in the Morning and five of the afternoon of the same day with full effect And for your so doing this shall be your sufficient Warrant And these are to require all Officers and Souldiers and other the good People of this Nation of England to be assisting unto you in this Service To Col. Francis Hacker Colonel Huncks and Lieutenant Colonel Phray and every of them Given under our hands and Sâ—als c. John Bradshaw Thomas Gray Oliver Cromwel c. But to amuse the people for prevention of a rescue they caused it to be rumoured as if they would respit the King and better consider of so weighty and important a business when the next day discovered their villany For Tuesday the 30 of Ianuary the Fatal day being come the Comissioners met and ordered four or five of their Ministers to attend upon the King at Saint Iames's where they yet kept him but his Majesty well knowing what miserable comforters they were like to prove refused to have conference with them That Morning before his Majesty was brought thence the Bishop of London dâ—d again Officiate and read Divine Service in his presence to which Duty the 27 Chapter of Saint Matthew being the History of our Saviours Passion was appointed by the Church-Calendar for the second Lesson The King supposing it to have been selected on purpose thanked him afterwards for his seasonable choice But the Bishop modestly declining those undue thanks told him that it came by course to be read on that day which very much comforted his Majesty who proceeded to the remaining duties of receiving from the Bishop the Holy Sacrament and the other preparations for his approaching passion His Devotions being ended about ten a clock his Majesty was brought from Saint Iames's to White hall by a Regiment of Foot with Colours flying and Drums beating through the Park part marching before and part behind with a private Guard of Partizans about him the Bishop on the one hand and Colonel Thomlinson who had the charge of him on the other bare-headed The Guards marching a slow pace as on a solemn and sad occasion to their ill-tuned Drums He bid them go faster as his usual manner of walking was saying That he now went before them to strive for an Heavenly Crown with less Sollicitude than he had often encouraged his Souldiers to fight for an Earthly Diadem Bâ—ing â—ome to the end of the Park he went up the stayers leading to the Long 〈◊〉 in White-hall where he used formerly to lodge There finding an unexpected delay in being brought upon the Scaffold which they had begun but that Morning He past the most of that time having received a Letter from the Prince in the interim by Mr. Seymor in prayer About twelve a clock his Majesty refusing to dine eat onely a bit of Bread and drank a gâ—ass of Claret and about an hour after Colonel Hacker with other Officers and Souldiers brought him with the Bishop and Colonel Thomlinson through the Banqueting-house to the Scaffold whereto the passage was made through a Window A strong Guard of several Regiments of Horse and Foot were placed on all sides which hindred the neer approach of his miserable and distracted Subjects who for manifesting their sorrow were barbarously used and the King from speaking what he had designed for their Ears whereupon his Majesty finding himself disappointed omitted much of his intended Matter but having viewed the Scaffold which had Irons driven in it to force him down to the Block by Ropes if he should have resisted and the Axe of whose Edge he was very careful having minded one a Knight then present of touching it wiâ—h his Cloak The King being come upon the Scaffold look'd very earnestly upon the Block and asked Colonel Hacker if there were no higher And then spake thus directing his Speech chiefly to Colonel Thomlinson I Shall be very little heard of any body else I shall therefore speak a word to you here Indeed I could have held my peace very well if I did not think that holding my peace would make some men think that I did submit to the Guilt as well as to the Punishment But I think it is my dutie to God first and then to my Countrie to clear my self both as an honest man a good King and a good Christian. I shall begin first with my Innocency and in troath I think it not very needful for me to Insist long upon this For all the world knows that I did never begin a War with the two Houses of Parliament and I call God to witness unto whom I must shortly make an account that I did never intend to incroach upon their Priviledges They began upon me it is the Militia they began upon They confess'd the Militia was mine but they thought it fit to have it from me And to be short if any body will look to the dates of Commissions of their Commissions and mine and likewise to the Declaration he will see clearly that they began these unhappie Troubles not I. So as for the guilt of these enormous Crimes that are laid against me I hope that God will clear me out I will not for I am in charitie and God forbid that I should lay it upon the two Houses of Parliament there is no necessity of either I hope they are free of this guilt but I believe that ill instruments between them and me have been the chief cause of all this blood-shed So that as I finde my self clear of this I hope and pray God that they may too Yet for all this God forbid that I should be so ill a Christian as not to say that Gods judgements are just upon me Many times he doth pay justice by an unjust Sentence that is ordinarie I will say this That unjust Sentence that I suffered to take effect is punished by an unjust Sentence upon me So far I have said to shew you 〈…〉 am an innocent man Now to shew you that I am a good Christian I hope there is a good man that will bear me witness that I have forgiven all the world and even those in particular that have been the chief causers of my Death who they are
and trom his Castles shooting at some of the Frigats who adventured within their reach a Quarrel arose betwixt that King and this State whose Men of War seized on nine Brazile-ships as they were passing into that Harbour The Estates of Scotland had now notice of the Kings present coming into that Kingdom the Earl of Dunfermling Mr. Murrey and Sir William Fleming being sent before by the King to acquaint them therewith when the two last were dispatcht again to give the King to understand the exceptions they took against some uncovenanted Scotch Lords as Hamilton and Lauderdail and other English Royalists coming over with Him but before their Arrival the King was shipt having newly received the distastful intelligence of the Murther of his faithful Servant the Marquess of Montross which as Cases then stood He was forced to pass by having expostulated very sorrowfully thereof with the Parliament who by all means endeavoured to smooth and colour that perpetration with the Vows of their Allegiance in order whereunto they said they Executed that Nobleman and some others with him viz. Sir Iohn Vrrey Colonel Spotswood Ogilby and Sibbald a very inauspicious entrance and beginning of a right understanding between his Majesty and them that was cemented with such Loyal Blood The King as was said before shipt himself at Terbeyden a Village neer the Hague aboard a Friggot an excellent Sailor Commanded by young Van Trump old Van Trump attending the King on board and charging his Son to do his utmost devoir for the Kings preservation and with Tears parting for there was some intelligence of the English Fleet lying to intercept him there were also two other Men of War in Company who carried his Goods and Retinue well provided and alike able for Fight and Defence With these Ships He had not long been under sail but a Tempest drove Him upon one of the Danish Islands unknown to the Fleet but where they were most humanely and civilly Treated and whence after a tedious Navigation they Arrived at the Spey in the North of Scotland Colonel Graves and Captain Titus alone of the English attending on his person just as the English King-catchers were set sail from thence under their Admiral Popham to seek out after him At His Arrival He was Complemented in great State by the Nobility and brought to Saint Iohnstons and so to Sterling being presented in the way with very great gifts according to the ability of that Nation who were now rising generally in Arms and a Party of Horse under Major Cuningham sent to visit the English Borders and to get intelligence for the Messenger they had sent to London Colonel Gray was secured at which time Mr. Prin was laid up in Dunster-Castle and dismissed with a Guard back again unheard an Answer being then in preparation to be sent by a General a more honourable and more powerfully-attended Officer That Command of course was devolved upon the Lord Fairfax and he desired to accept it but he being inscrupled by some of the Presbyterian Ministers who were highly incensed at this War as it was cunningly foreseen by Oliver and his Party who never endeavoured his satisfaction and pretending a reluctancy from the obigations of the National Covenant to engage against their Brethren totally declined it transferring the long-expected Military Supremacy by a Vote of the Parliament to Cromwel who very zealously accepted the Charge and with all readiness prepared for the Expedition which makes the second Trophy or Garland of these strangely and wonderfully prosperous Free-States of England On the 12 of Iune it had been resolved that the Army should Advance Northward but it was the middle of Iuly before they Arrived there for on the 21 of that Month Cromwel quartered at Berwick from whence he sent a Letter and Declaration to the Committee of Estates fraught with hypocritical canting expressions which the said Committee supprest returning answer that they would reply to it by Messengers of their own And lest any of their people should be deluded by the like fair words they made it Treason for any person to Correspond with the English and fell a driving all their Cattle and Provisions in the parts next adjacent to them beyond Edenborough Cromwel's Army was now reckoned 16000 men effective with which he came first to Mardington his Head-quarters Iuly 25. thence to Hadington within 12 miles of Edenborough on the Hills whereabout the Scots had Encamped themselves declining to Engage till their additional Forces were come off the Higâ—-lands On the 25 of Iuly the English advanced and attempted one of the said Hills where a small party of the Scots were and beat them presently off when a party of Scotch Horse fell in their Rear with such fury and vigour that they wholly disordered it and with Reserves and fresh Bodies seconded and pursued this advantage which being perceived by Major-General Lambert and Colonel Whaley who had the Rear-guard they couragiously Repulsed them to their Trenches in which action Lambert had his Horse shot under him was râ—n through the Arm with a Lance and was taken Prisoner but was rescued by one Lieutenant Empson This past and the Army wet and weary on their way to Muscleborough Betwixt 3 and 4 in the Morning another party of some 1500 Horse the flower of the Army being veterane Blades under the Command of Colonel Montgomery and Straughan fell with great fury and more exact valour upon them betwixt sleeping and waking and brought a terrible fright and dismay upon the whole Army Charging almost clear through upon the Sands but returning with their Prisoners were set upon by fresh Troops under Colonel Okey in good order and forced to double their speed home to their Camp having lost 100 men to the same number in the former attempt and some of their Officers slain and wounded but came off otherwise with Honour enough giving the Invaders little hopes of so easie a Victory and Conquest as the Fates had decreed to them and their invincible Fortune At Home the Parliament was busie about their High Court of Iustice and making orders for the Composition of Royalists excluding all such who within six weeks from their last limitation some time before should not effectually have finished it and in order thereunto they Debated upon an Act August the 6 being pressed for Money to carry on this great undertaking abroad for the sale of Delinquents Lands and Voted so many Estates to be sold as would make up security for 200000 l. and that an Act should likewise be Passed for doubling on the Purchases of those Estates of Deans and Chapters c. And into this black list the Earl of Derby was now put and other unfortunate Royalists of which hereafter In the Month of Iune Doctor Levens formerly a Doctor of the Civil-law who had all along served the King was apprehended in his Lodgings being set by the State-spies and several Commissions from the King and
and receive satisfaction therein otherwise to decide the Iustice of that Cause by Battle To which when no Answer would be returned he advanced on the 10 of August having recruited his Army by those Provisions that were plentifully brought by sea the Fleet sailing an even pace with him and observing the same Signals on the West-side of Edenburgh up to the Line of the Scotch Army playing his Cannon which were likewise Answered and Encamped on Pencland-hills a little above Edenburgh-Castle intending to march for Queens-ferry but the Passes were so difficult and other considerations intervened that he proceeded no further Next morning came a Letter to the General with a Declaration from the Estates and Kirk by sound of Trumpet Declaring that the Quarrel being now stated and the King ready to consent to their demands they were resolved to put it to the Issue and that the world may see what that was like to prove it will be worthy the memory of those transactions to particularize them in this short abstract In the Declaration of the Kirk or Commissioners of the General Assembly to Cromwel as the state of the Quarrel they most undutifully set forth to the giving up the merit of the Cause That the King stumbling at and refusing to Subscribe unto the Declaration offered him by the Committee of Estates and Commissioners of the Kirk concerning His former carriage and resolution for the future is cause of just grief and offence in reference to the Cause of God and the Enemies and Friends thereof And therefore they do Declare that they do not nor will not Espouse any Malignant Party or Quarrel but that they Fight meerly upon their former grounds and Principles in the Cause of God and the Kingdom nor will they own the King nor his Interest further than be owns and prosecutes the Cause of God c. Concluding that they will Answer Oliver Cromwel 's Letters and clear themselves from the Falshoods contained therein as if they owned the late Kings proceedings and were resolved to prosecute His present Majesties Interest upon any other terms than as above mentioned And this peremptory Kirk-resolution was Signed by A. Ker then one of the chief Colonels of the Scotch Army To this Cromwel takes very good occasion to reply and help out their Sophistry with some more of his own and to let the Scots see of how neer affinity the Kirk and the Congregational way were in this respect to the King he permitted nay caused their Declaration to be publikely read to his Army putting the Scotch-remonstrants upon these Dilemma's namely That their professed disowning of Malignants and receiving and assisting their Head and Chief in whom all their hope lies cannot consist in common sence or prudence reciting as evidence thereof the late Popish affairs in Ireland and Prince Rupert 's raving at Sea That suppose He the King should give security of his turning it must be some other way than by a few and faigned formal submissions for it is his necessity and his old Complices that Counsel him to that Compliance Nor is it possible for the Scots in the way that they are now in to be able to secure themselves or England and concludes that upon this Quarrel if they be ready to fight his Army attends there for that purpose and therefore the Scots cannot complain for want of an opportunity These pestilent and alike dangerous Papers which in effect seemed rather an Agreement than cause of quarrel between the Antagonists were warily considered by some even of themselves who loved the King as of sudden and desperate consequence to His Majesties Person and Government so highly vilified and disregarded so that a Declaration to the liking of the Kirk was extorted from him that there might no cause of pretence remain either for their obstinate carriage towards Him or ready Compliance with the Enemy Hereupon the English Army advanced again and though several Bodies of Scotch Horse appeared yet they presently withdrew upon their approach which that it might not be altogether frustrate Cromwel in sight of them caused a Garrison called Red-house within a mile and a half of Edenburgh to be storm'd wherein were taken 60 Foot and the House made Tenable and manned by the English while the Scots being necessitated for Provisions and to joyn with some other Forces from Fife and the West had marched two miles beyond Edenburgh having a great Hill on the one side and the City and a River on the other so that it was very hazardous to Engage them being drawn up in Battalia the great Guns playing on both sides In which posture and attendance the Scots and English stood and neither changed ground till Provisions growing exceeding scarce Cromwel retreated to Pencland-hills Lambert having had some discourse and conference with Straughan c. about the former equity of their Cause de lana Caprina and thence with some difficulty by reason of bad weather to Mussleborough for provant and thence a few days after to Dunbar with intention by shipping or any other way to get into England being now closely followed by the Scoth Army in their Rear who rightly guessing the English to be weakned with long marches and want of Victual made cock-sure of a total Victory which snatching at before it was ripe for them fearing nothing more than that they would escape them they saw themselves miserably frustrated and their despairing Enemy a most insulting Conquerour On Sunday at night the first of September the English making at most not above 12000 men came to Dunbar whither the Scots keeping close at their Heels came also and drew up their whole Army consisting of between 20 and 24 thousand men upon a high Hill within a mile of the Town to the great amazement at first of the English but despair adding resolution to their Courage they presently drew out in Battalia in the Corn-field neer adjoyning and so stood all night being Encamped upon a neck of Land whose breadth was not a mile and a half from Sea to Sea so that they were by Land quite cooped up In confidence therefore of an assured Victory David Lesley who Commanded this Kirk-Army in chief began to advance as early as the Sun next morning and drew down the Hill fixing at the foot thereof and about four a clock in the afternoon brought down his Train there being a great Ditch betwixt both the Armies That night the English by Command placed themselves close to the Ditch and placed their Field-pieces likewise in every Regiment that they might be in a readiness in case the Enemy should attempt any thing upon them who were vainly expecting terms of a Rendition boasting that they had them in a worle Pound than the King had the Earl of Essex at Lestithiel in Cornwall The Ministers having their Voice in the Council of War held by this Kirk-Army most earnestly urged the Engagement and Fight against those that were of opinion to
the King was met by his Highness the Duke of York five Leagues off the Isle of Wight who commanded him back with him to the Fleet. On Sunday morning about ten a Clock they discovered the Royal Iames but there was so great a Calm that they could not reach the Royal Charles till six at Evening No sooner had the General espied his Highness Yacht but he went out in his Barge to meet him the Royal Banner being all the while vayl'd till he was aboard When his Highness came into the Ship the Souldiers gave three several shouts and all the great Guns in the Royal Charles which from that time to the Queens Entrance had been silent proclaimed his Welcome after which several Ships of the Fleet paid him their Salutes Being conducted to her Majesties Cabbin he was placed in a Chair on her right hand where after several expressions of Joy for her Majesties happy Arrival on the Coast of England and having presented his Majesties high respects to and as exceeding Affection for Her his Royal Highness took his leave to retire himself to his Yacht for that Night and the next morning Sir Ioseph Douglas was again dispatched to the King in the illustrious Company of the said Duke of Ormond and Earls but was forced to Tide it thence and sometimes lay at Anchor and could not reach Portsmouth till the Evening Thirteenth of May from whence Sir Ioseph took Post leaving the Duke of Ormond to make preparation for the Reception of her Majesty That Night the Royal Fleet with the Princely Bride came to St. Helens point the Eastermost Promontory of the Isle of Wight almost opposite to Portsmouth from whence had it not been too bold an adventure to hazard her Majesty in that narrow Streight of Sea and in a Night-Tide they might have reached Portsmouth the next morning but making use of the Day-tide which served about Ten of the Clock on Wednesday the Fourteenth of May the Queen landed at Portsmouth about Four of the Clock in the Afternoon where She was received with all possible demonstrations of Honour the Nobility and Gentry and Multitudes of Londoners in most rich Apparel and in great numbers waiting on the Shore for her Landing and the Major and Aldermen and the Principal Persons of that Corporation being in their Gowns and with a Present and Speech ready to entertain Her the Cannon and small shot both from round that Town and the whole Fleet Ecchoing to one another the loud Proclamations of their Joy The King having received the express of his Queens Landing prepared to be gone forthwith to Salute her upon her Arrival but his great Affairs of State and Bills to be ratified by him into Acts of Parliament which were not quite ready for his Royal Assent delayed him at Whitehall till Monday-night the 19 th of May having sent before him the Bishop of London who departed the Seventeenth in order to the Solemnizing of the Marriage aforesaid Which Bills being numerous and very important when passed into Acts set us right where we were the same time Twenty years designing and enacting Remedies against those Mischiefs which prevailed against the happy Estate of the Kingdome before such as their Act passed in the former Session against Armed or Army-like Multitudes and number of Petitioners which are not to exceed seven or eight and have as far as humane Wisdome can provided against the like dangers of our late Confusions There passed likewise many several private Bills for selling of Lands and alienating them for payment of Debts which gave his Majesty occasion to take notice of the depravity and corruption of manners in the late times and to declare that his goodness in passing them now should not be brought into precedent for the future and he himself would become an example of frugality and would provide sumptuary Laws against the Excess and Vanity of the Age whose looseness and superfluity did so sadly affect him But to return His Majesty having Signed all the Acts which are now so many wholesome and good Laws as no Age of our Fore-fathers can boast of to adorn and Honour his Queens Arrival posted away at Nine a Clock that Night with his ordinary Guards in the Earl of Northumberland's Coach Prince Rupert with him only to Kingston where he came soon after Ten and at the end of that Town entered into the Earl of Chesterfield's there set ready for him and the Duke of York's Guards to attend him and came before Twelve at Night to Guilford being Twenty five miles where he Lodged that Night and next morning Posted with the same speed to Portsmouth where he arrived about Noon and because of the Queens indisposedness which yet held her in her Chamber the King satisfied himself by giving her a Visit privately that day and then withdrew to his own appartments Yet it pleased God to restore her Majesty to such a degree of Health that she was able to Consummate the Marriage Sacred Rites which were performed in that Town in private after which the Nuptials were concluded there by his Majesties Bedding his Queen that night During the rest of the stay Visits were given to the Grandees of Portugal who came over with the Queen by all the English Lords and Ladies and by them again returned until the removal of the Court next week to Winchester thence to Farnham to Windsor-Castle and so to Hampton-Court where their Majesties took up the most part of this Summer 1662. as well for the Salubrity as Majesty of it being one of the most Magnificent Structures of all the Royal Palaces Here the Queen received the Addresses of all the Nobility and Submissions of the several Deputies for the Cities of England more particularly from the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of London who by Sir William Wylde their Recorder who pronounced a Spanish Oration presented her with a Purse of Gold Iune 2. On the Twenty third of August she was in great Triumph brought by Water from Hampton-Court to finish her Voyage to Whitehall all the Companies in their Barges nobly set out attending the Lord Mayor at this Solemnity and several Pageants were placed upon the River and Speeches designed All which made a very noble sight illustrated by the rich and glorious setting out of the King's Barge About seven at night their Majesties arrived to that Palace as somewhat before the Queen-Mother being fetch'd and attended by the Earl of Saint Albans arrived at Greenwich where for a while after she resided till her setling at Somerset-House as the abode of her remaining Widdowhood The Parliament of Ireland had likewise agreed upon an Act for raising One hundred and twenty thousand pound in two years by Subsidies In Scotland six Bishops were Consecrated in the Abbey-Church of Holy-Rood-House at Edenburgh with great satisfaction and solemnity where also the King had gratiously Pardoned Lorn the Marquess of Arguile's Son his Life which he had forfeited by judgment