bench_n so_o call_v because_o ancient_o the_o king_n sometime_o there_o sit_v in_o person_n on_o a_o high_a bench_n and_o his_o judge_n on_o a_o low_a bench_n at_o his_o foot_n to_o who_o the_o judicature_n belong_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o king_n in_o this_o court_n be_v handle_v the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n all_o thing_n that_o concern_v loss_n of_o life_n or_o member_n of_o any_o subject_a for_o then_o the_o king_n be_v concern_v because_o the_o life_n and_o limb_n of_o the_o subject_n belong_v only_o to_o the_o king_n so_o that_o the_o plea_n here_o be_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o subject_a here_o be_v also_o handle_v all_o treason_n felony_n breach_n of_o peace_n oppression_n misgovernment_n etc._n etc._n this_o court_n moreover_o have_v power_n to_o examine_v and_o correct_v all_o error_n in_o facto_fw-la &_o in_fw-la jure_fw-la of_o all_o the_o judge_n and_o justice_n of_o england_n in_o their_o judgement_n and_o proceed_n and_o this_o not_o only_o in_o plea_n 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eight_o judge_n belong_v to_o the_o common_a plea_n at_o other_o time_n seven_o six_o and_o five_o and_o so_o in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n 6._o and_o edward_n 4._o but_o since_o usual_o but_o four_o as_o at_o this_o day_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n mary_n these_o and_o the_o rest_n or_o the_o twelve_o judge_n ride_v upon_o mule_n and_o not_o upon_o horse_n as_o they_o now_o do_v in_o great_a state_n aâ—_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o term._n a_o list_n of_o the_o several_a officer_n belong_v to_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o common-plea_n lord_n chief_a justice_n sir_n john_n vaughan_n kt._n sir_n thomas_n tyrrel_n kt._n sir_n john_n archer_n kt._n sir_n william_n wylde_n kt._n and_o bar._n these_o be_v the_o present_a judge_n of_o that_o tribunal_n then_o there_o be_v a_o officer_n call_v custos_fw-la brevium_fw-la the_o first_o clerk_n of_o the_o court_n who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o receive_v and_o keep_v all_o writ_n returnable_a in_o that_o court_n to_o receive_v of_o the_o protonotary_n all_o the_o record_n of_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la call_v postea's_n he_o hold_v his_o place_n by_o patent_n from_o the_o king_n and_o have_v the_o gift_n of_o the_o second_o protonotary_n place_n and_o of_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o juries·_n sir_n joseph_n ash_n have_v this_o office_n and_o do_v execute_v it_o by_o his_o deputy_n thursby_n esquire_n there_o be_v three_o protonotary_n a_o word_n compound_v of_o greek_a and_o latin_a which_o with_o the_o ancient_n be_v usual_a and_o signify_v the_o first_o notary_n they_o be_v chief_a clerk_n of_o this_o court_n and_o by_o their_o office_n be_v to_o enter_v and_o enrol_v all_o declaration_n plead_n which_o the_o filazer_n do_v former_o promiscuous_o do_v assize_n judgement_n and_o action_n to_o make_v out_o judicial_a writ_n etc._n etc._n these_o considerable_a office_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o thomas_n robinson_n alan_n lockhart_n and_o humphrey_n wirley_n esquire_n the_o chirographer_n also_o from_o two_o greek_a word_n signify_v to_o acknowledge_v a_o debt_n by_o set_v one_o
to_o behave_v themselves_o in_o that_o port_n gravity_n and_o authority_n as_o if_o they_o be_v so_o in_o the_o king_n house_n that_o so_o hereafter_o they_o may_v know_v the_o better_a to_o behave_v themselves_o in_o case_n they_o shall_v be_v promote_v to_o that_o honour_n for_o these_o gentleman_n be_v usual_o of_o such_o quality_n as_o come_v not_o hither_o with_o intent_n to_o profess_v the_o law_n but_o to_o learn_v so_o much_o law_n as_o may_v be_v necessary_a to_o preserve_v their_o estate_n and_o to_o make_v themselves_o accomplish_v in_o other_o quality_n necessary_a for_o gentleman_n at_o such_o time_n they_o have_v here_o divers_a divertisement_n as_o feast_v every_o day_n sing_v dance_a music_n which_o last_o be_v allow_v there_o to_o all_o comer_n and_o be_v so_o excessive_a that_o what_o the_o dicer_n allow_v out_o of_o each_o win_n to_o the_o butler_n box_n usual_o amount_v to_o above_o 50_o l._n a_o day_n and_o night_n wherewith_o and_o a_o small_a contribution_n 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servant_n and_o retainer_n in_o certain_a peculiar_a cloth_n livery_n to_o westminster-hall_n there_o in_o public_a take_v a_o solemn_a oath_n and_o be_v clothe_v with_o certain_a robe_n and_o coyf_n without_o which_o they_o may_v no_o more_o be_v see_v in_o public_a after_o this_o they_o feast_v the_o great_a person_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o a_o very_a magnificent_a and_o princely_a manner_n give_v gold_n ring_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n archbishop_n chancellor_n and_o treasurer_n to_o the_o value_n of_o forty_o shilling_n each_o ring_n to_o earl_n bishop_n ring_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n to_o other_o great_a officer_n to_o baron_n great_a prelate_n etc._n etc._n ring_n of_o less_o value_n out_o of_o these_o be_v choose_v all_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o common_a plea_n wherefore_o all_o those_o judge_n do_v always_o wear_v the_o white_a linen_n coif_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a badge_n of_o a_o sergeant_n and_o which_o he_o have_v ever_o the_o privilege_n to_o wear_v at_o all_o time_n even_o in_o the_o king_n presence_n and_o whilst_o he_o speak_v to_o the_o king_n though_o ancient_o it_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o any_o subject_a to_o be_v so_o much_o as_o cap_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o at_z present_v it_o be_v not_o allow_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o pope_n or_o of_o the_o emperor_n when_o any_o of_o the_o aforementioned_a judge_n be_v want_v the_o king_n by_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n make_v choice_n of_o one_o of_o these_o sergeant_n at_o law_n to_o supply_v his_o place_n and_o constitute_v he_o by_o letter_n patent_n seal_v by_o the_o chancellor_n who_o sit_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o open_a court_n by_o a_o set_a speech_n declare_v to_o the_o sergeant_n that_o upon_o this_o occasion_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o to_o the_o people_n the_o king_n goodness_n in_o provide_v the_o bench_n with_o such_o able_a honest_a man_n as_o that_o justice_n may_v be_v do_v expedite_o and_o impartial_o to_o all_o his_o subject_n and_o then_o cause_v the_o say_v letter_n patent_n to_o be_v read_v and_o be_v depart_v the_o chief_a justice_n place_n the_o say_a sergeant_n on_o the_o bench_n junior_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o have_v take_v his_o oath_n well_o and_o true_o to_o serve_v the_o king_n and_o his_o people_n in_o the_o office_n of_o justice_n to_o take_v no_o reward_n to_o do_v equal_a and_o speedy_a justice_n to_o all_o etc._n etc._n he_o sit_v himself_o to_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o charge_n the_o sergeant_n be_v thus_o advance_v to_o be_v a_o judge_n have_v thereby_o great_a honour_n and_o a_o very_a considerable_a salary_n beside_o certain_a perquisit_n for_o each_o one_o have_v at_o least_o one_o thousand_o pound_n a_o year_n from_o the_o king_n and_o now_o in_o some_o thing_n his_o former_a habit_n
england_n in_o some_o difficult_a case_n be_v not_o wont_a to_o give_v judgement_n until_o they_o have_v first_o consult_v the_o king_n or_o his_o privy_a council_n moreover_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n have_v ofttimes_o transmit_v matter_n of_o high_a moment_n to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o privy_a council_n as_o by_o long_a experience_n and_o wisdom_n better_o able_a to_o judge_v of_o and_o by_o secrecy_n and_o expedition_n better_o able_a to_o transact_v some_o state_n affair_n than_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o together_o at_o present_a the_o king_n and_o his_o privy_a council_n take_v cognisance_n of_o few_o matter_n that_o may_v well_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o know_a law_n and_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n but_o only_o as_o aforesaid_a consult_v for_o the_o public_a good_a honour_n defence_n safety_n and_o benefit_n of_o the_o realm_n not_o meddle_v with_o matter_n that_o concern_v freehold_n but_o matter_n of_o appeal_n and_o 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duchy_n sir_n william_n morice_n knight_n sir_n john_n duncom_n knight_n sir_n thomas_n chicheley_n knight_n master_n of_o the_o ordnance_n these_o be_v all_o to_o wait_v on_o his_o majesty_n and_o at_o council_n board_n sit_v in_o their_o order_n bareheaded_a when_o his_o majesty_n preside_v at_o all_o debate_n the_o low_a deliver_v his_o opinion_n first_o that_o so_o he_o may_v be_v the_o more_o free_a and_o the_o king_n last_o of_o all_o declare_v his_o judgement_n and_o thereby_o determine_v the_o matter_n in_o debate_n the_o time_n and_o place_n of_o hold_v this_o council_n be_v whole_o at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n but_o it_o be_v most_o common_o hold_v in_o the_o morning_n on_o wednesday_n and_o friday_n out_o of_o parliament_n time_n and_o term_n time_n and_o in_o the_o afternoon_n in_o time_n of_o parliament_n and_o term._n a_o council_n be_v seldom_o or_o never_o hold_v without_o the_o presence_n of_o one_o of_o the_o secretary_n of_o state_n of_o who_o office_n and_o 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privy_a counsellor_n which_o dignity_n they_o have_v retain_v and_o enjoy_v ever_o since_o and_o a_o
it_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o the_o civility_n of_o the_o nation_n though_o perhaps_o by_o another_o name_n this_o court_n proceed_v either_o ordinary_o according_a to_o the_o law_n statute_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o in_o latin_a grant_v out_o writ_n mandatory_a and_o remedial_a writ_n of_o grace_n or_o else_o according_a to_o equity_n and_o conscience_n and_o by_o english_a bill_n so_o that_o the_o chancery_n have_v two_o court_n in_o one_o the_o equitable_a part_n be_v by_o bill_n answer_n and_o decree_n to_o examine_v fraud_n combination_n trust_n secret_a use_n etc._n etc._n to_o moderate_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n and_o rescue_v man_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o oppressor_n to_o relieve_v a_o man_n especial_o in_o three_o thing_n viz._n against_o cheat_n unfortunate_a accident_n and_o breach_n of_o trust_n out_o of_o this_o court_n issue_n out_o writ_n or_o summon_n for_o parliament_n edict_n proclamation_n charter_n protection_n safe_a conduct_n 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without_o it_o for_o the_o latin_a part_n of_o this_o court_n be_v the_o 24_o cursitor_n and_o for_o the_o english_a part_n be_v the_o six_o clerk_n the_o court_n of_o equity_n that_o proceed_v not_o according_a to_o law_n be_v no_o court_n of_o record_n and_o therefore_o bind_v only_o the_o person_n not_o his_o land_n or_o good_n the_o judge_n of_o this_o court_n be_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n he_o be_v here_o the_o sole_a judge_n whereas_o in_o other_o court_n there_o be_v three_o or_o four_o judge_n but_o he_o may_v and_o do_v often_o in_o case_n of_o great_a weight_n and_o difficulty_n in_o case_n of_o law_n call_v some_o of_o the_o other_o judge_n to_o his_o assistance_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v say_v this_o office_n may_v be_v discharge_v by_o one_o that_o be_v no_o profess_a lawyer_n as_o it_o be_v almost_o always_o ancient_o and_o so_o of_o late_a time_n by_o sir_n christopher_n hatton_n and_o after_o by_o 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of_o those_o considerable_a office_n of_o the_o six_o clerk_n in_o chancery_n have_v the_o keep_n of_o the_o roll_n have_v the_o house_n of_o the_o convert_a jew_n now_o call_v the_o roll_n and_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o chancellor_n hear_v cause_n and_o make_v order_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o commission_n with_o two_o master_n and_o not_o jure_fw-la officii_fw-la one_o reason_n why_o the_o master_n of_o chancery_n be_v ever_o civilian_n may_v be_v because_o for_o all_o case_n almost_o imaginable_a some_o law_n or_o case_n conformable_a thereunto_o may_v be_v fetch_v by_o a_o good_a civilian_n out_o of_o that_o law_n of_o law_n call_v the_o civil_a law_n another_o may_v be_v because_o the_o chancery_n more_o ancient_a then_o in_o any_o other_o court_n of_o england_n for_o all_o original_a writ_n and_o comission_n whereupon_o the_o other_o court_n do_v ground_n all_o their_o proceed_n do_v come_v from_o thence_o have_v probable_o be_v take_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n divers_a point_n
be_v spare_v because_o it_o intimate_v a_o distinct_a interest_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n which_o be_v not_o only_o false_a but_o very_o dangerous_a to_o be_v allow_v of_o the_o king_n be_v pater_fw-la patriae_fw-la the_o money_n give_v to_o he_o be_v for_o our_o use_n and_o benefit_n if_o we_o be_v niggardly_o to_o he_o we_o injure_v ourselves_o etc._n etc._n the_o bill_n for_o the_o king_n general_a pardon_n have_v but_o one_o read_v in_o either_o house_n for_o this_o reason_n because_o they_o must_v take_v it_o as_o the_o king_n will_v please_v to_o give_v it_o so_o the_o bill_n of_o subsidy_n grant_v by_o the_o clergy_n assemble_v in_o convocation_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n when_o the_o bill_n for_o the_o general_a pardon_n be_v pass_v by_o the_o king_n the_o answer_n be_v thus_o les_fw-fr prelate_n signeurs_n &_o commune_v en_fw-fr ce_fw-fr parliament_n assemblez_fw-fr au_fw-fr nom_fw-fr de_fw-fr tous_fw-fr vos_fw-fr autres_fw-fr sujets_fw-fr remercient_a tres_fw-fr humblement_n vostre_fw-fr majeste_fw-fr &_o prient_a dieu_fw-fr vous_fw-fr donner_fw-fr en_fw-fr sante_fw-it bonne_fw-fr vie_n &_o longue_fw-fr all_o act_n of_o parliament_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n 7._o be_v pass_v and_o enroll_v in_o french_a now_o in_o engliâ—h_n most_o of_o our_o ancient_a act_n of_o parliament_n run_v in_o this_o stile_n the_o king_n at_o the_o humble_a request_n of_o the_o commons_o with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o prelate_n duke_n earl_n and_o baron_n have_v ordain_v or_o enact_v after_o it_o be_v thus_o the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o commons_o do_v enact_v of_o late_a time_n it_o have_v be_v thus_o be_v it_o enact_v by_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n by_o and_o with_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o of_o the_o commons_o although_o the_o word_n of_o the_o writ_n for_o summon_v the_o commons_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o main_a rule_n be_v only_o ad_fw-la consentiendum_fw-la and_o not_o ad_fw-la consilium_fw-la impendendum_fw-la as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o writ_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o commons_o in_o the_o late_a long_a parliament_n make_v that_o a_o advantage_n for_o justify_v their_o usurpation_n against_o the_o king_n in_o that_o point_n and_o so_o in_o another_o parliament_n the_o commons_o endeavour_v to_o maintain_v that_o the_o concurrence_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o always_o necessary_a in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n because_o 1_o edward_n 6._o cap._n 5._o in_o pass_v that_o act_n against_o transportation_n of_o horse_n the_o lord_n be_v casual_o omit_v yet_o by_o the_o register_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n it_o appear_v that_o that_o bill_n begin_v first_o in_o the_o lord_n house_n and_o there_o pass_v before_o the_o commons_o take_v it_o in_o debate_n and_o therefore_o the_o king_n council_n at_o law_n be_v very_o curious_a in_o word_v right_o all_o act_n before_o they_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o parliament_n as_o careful_a in_o transcribe_v and_o register_n they_o however_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o to_o prevent_v future_a mischief_n to_o this_o nation_n some_o clause_n in_o the_o late_a act_n of_o oblivion_n and_o indemnity_n may_v be_v amend_v or_o at_o least_o explain_v and_o more_o especial_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o act_n these_o word_n that_o all_o manner_n of_o treason_n etc._n etc._n since_o january_n 1637._o and_o before_o june_n 1660._o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o authority_n from_o his_o late_a majesty_n king_n charles_n or_o his_o majesty_n that_o now_o be_v be_v pardon_v etc._n etc._n which_o word_n may_v possible_o be_v foist_v in_o design_o to_o insinuate_v as_o if_o according_a to_o that_o most_o absurd_a and_o traitorous_a position_n of_o some_o of_o the_o rebellious_a member_n of_o the_o long_a parliament_n the_o king_n person_n or_o any_o commissionated_a by_o he_o can_v be_v guilty_a of_o treason_n against_o the_o king_n authority_n or_o against_o his_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n by_o pursue_v of_o rebel_n to_o bring_v they_o to_o justice_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v desire_v that_o to_o prevent_v the_o great_a dishonour_n of_o make_v additional_a and_o explanatory_a act_n of_o parliament_n so_o frequent_o as_o have_v of_o late_o be_v do_v all_o considerable_a bill_n of_o public_a concernment_n once_o read_v in_o either_o house_n of_o parliament_n may_v before_o they_o be_v pass_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o view_n of_o all_o comer_n as_o ancient_o among_o the_o roman_n be_v usual_a to_o the_o end_n that_o any_o other_o person_n beside_o those_o of_o the_o two_o house_n may_v within_o the_o space_n of_o certain_a day_n free_o propose_v in_o write_v or_o otherwise_o his_o exception_n addition_n alteration_n or_o amendment_n sed_fw-la haec_fw-la obiter_fw-la when_o those_o thing_n for_o which_o the_o parliament_n be_v summon_v have_v be_v sufficient_o treat_v and_o bring_v to_o a_o conclusion_n than_o the_o king_n do_v usual_o adjourn_v prorogue_v or_o dissolve_v the_o parliament_n in_o manner_n follow_v the_o adjournment_n be_v usual_o make_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n by_o the_o lord_n keeper_n in_o the_o king_n name_n to_o what_o other_o day_n the_o king_n please_v and_o also_o to_o what_o other_o place_n if_o he_o think_v fit_a to_o remove_v they_o as_o sometime_o have_v be_v do_v and_o then_o all_o thing_n already_o debate_v and_o read_v in_o one_o or_o both_o house_n continue_v to_o the_o next_o meeting_n in_o the_o same_o state_n they_o be_v in_o before_o the_o adjournment_n and_o so_o may_v be_v resume_v in_o the_o like_a manner_n the_o parliament_n be_v prorogue_v but_o by_o a_o prorogation_n there_o be_v a_o session_n and_o then_o the_o bill_n that_o be_v almost_o ready_a in_o both_o house_n for_o the_o royal_a assent_n not_o have_v it_o must_v at_o the_o reassemble_n of_o the_o parliament_n begin_v anew_o the_o speaker_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o upon_o notice_n give_v that_o it_o be_v the_o king_n pleasure_n that_o house_n shall_v also_o adjourn_v do_v say_v with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o house_n this_o house_n be_v adjourn_v when_o the_o king_n pleasure_n be_v to_o prorogue_v or_o dissolve_v the_o parliament_n his_o majesty_n common_o come_v in_o person_n with_o his_o crown_n on_o his_o head_n send_v for_o all_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o to_o come_v to_o the_o bar_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n and_o after_o the_o king_n answer_n to_o each_o bill_n signify_v as_o aforemention_v his_o majesty_n usual_o make_v a_o solemn_a speech_n the_o lord_n keeper_z another_z and_o the_o speaker_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o a_o three_o than_o the_o lord_n keeper_n by_o the_o special_a command_n of_o the_o king_n do_v pronounce_v the_o parliament_n prorogue_v or_o dissolve_v note_v that_o the_o king_n be_v head_n of_o the_o parliament_n if_o his_o death_n do_v happen_v during_o the_o sit_v of_o the_o parliament_n it_o be_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la dissolve_v ancient_o after_o every_o session_n of_o parliament_n the_o king_n command_v every_o sheriff_n to_o proclaim_v the_o several_a act_n and_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v due_o observe_v yet_o without_o that_o proclamation_n the_o law_n intend_v that_o every_o one_o have_v notice_n by_o his_o representative_a of_o what_o be_v transact_v in_o parliament_n of_o late_a time_n since_o printing_n become_v common_a that_o custom_n have_v be_v lay_v aside_o the_o number_n of_o person_n that_o have_v have_v place_n and_o suffrage_n in_o both_o house_n to_o the_o lord_n house_n belong_v 3_o duke_n of_o the_o royal_a blood_n though_o one_o be_v infra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la 7_o other_o duke_n 3_o marquis_n 56_o earl_n 9_o viscount_n and_o 67_o baron_n in_o all_o 154._o then_o there_o be_v two_o archbishop_n and_o 24_o bishop_n so_o that_o the_o total_a be_v 180._o but_o many_o be_v under_o age_n some_o sick_a and_o infirm_a other_o abroad_o in_o the_o king_n service_n the_o ordinary_a number_n be_v about_o 100_o to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o belong_v first_o for_o the_o 40_o shire_n of_o england_n two_o for_o each_o in_o all_o 80_o knight_n then_o one_o for_o each_o of_o the_o twelve_o county_n of_o wales_n 12_o knight_n for_o 25_o city_n in_o england_n two_o to_o each_o and_o london_n four_o in_o all_o 52_o citizen_n for_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n 16_o baron_n for_o the_o two_o university_n two_o burgess_n for_o each_o for_o 168_o burrough_n there_o be_v about_o 330_o burgess_n for_o some_o few_o of_o those_o burrough_n send_v but_o one_o burgess_n apiece_o last_o in_o each_o of_o the_o 12_o county_n of_o wales_n there_o be_v one_o burrough_n that_o send_v only_o one_o burgess_n so_o the_o total_a number_n of_o the_o house_n of_o
borough_n of_o cricklade_n sir_n george_n hungerford_n kt._n sir_n john_n earne_o kt._n borough_n of_o great_a bedwin_n sir_n john_n trevor_n kt._n henry_n clerk_z esq_n borough_n of_o lugdersal_a william_n ashburnham_n esq_n thomas_n grace_n esq_n borough_n of_o old_a sarum_n edward_n nicholas_n esq_n sir_n eliab_n harvey_n kt._n borough_n of_o wooten_n basset_n sir_n walter_n st._n john_n bar._n john_n pleydal_n esq_n borough_n of_o marleborough_n john_n lord_n seymour_n jeoffery_n daniel_n esq_n worcester_n sir_n john_n packington_n bar._n samuel_n sandys_n sen._n esq_n city_n of_o worcester_n sir_n rowland_n berk_o kt._n thomas_n street_n esq_n borough_n of_o droitwich_n henry_n coventry_n esq_n samuel_n sandys_n jun._n esq_n borough_n of_o evesham_n sir_n john_n hanmer_n kt._n sir_n james_n rushout_v kt._n borough_n of_o bewd_o sir_n henry_n herbert_n kt._n york_n conyers_n darcy_n esq_n sir_n thomas_n slingsby_n kt._n city_n of_o york_n sir_n metcalf_n robinson_n kt._n sir_n thomas_n osborn_n bar._n town_n of_o kingston_n upon_o hull_n anthony_n gilby_n esq_n andrew_n marvel_n gent._n borough_n of_o knaersborough_n sir_n john_n talbot_n kt._n william_n stockdale_n esq_n borough_n of_o scarborough_n sir_n philip_n munckton_n esq_n william_n thompson_n esq_n borough_n of_o rippon_n sir_n jo._n nicholas_n kt._n of_o the_o bath_n thomas_n burwell_n dr._n of_o law_n borough_n of_o richmond_n sir_n william_n killigrew_n kt._n marmaduke_n darcy_n esq_n borough_n of_o heydon_n henry_n guy_n esq_n sir_n hugh_n bethel_n kt._n borough_n of_o burrowbridge_n sir_n rich._n malevere_a kt._n and_o bar._n robert_n long_o esq_n borough_n of_o malton_n william_n palm_n esquire_n sir_n thomas_n gowre_n kt._n borough_n of_o thirske_n sir_n thomas_n ingram_n kt._n will._n franklin_n esquire_n borough_n of_o aldborough_n sir_n soloman_n small_a bar._n sir_n francis_n goodrick_n kt._n borough_n of_o beverley_n michael_n wharton_n esquire_n sir_n john_n hotham_n bar._n borough_n of_o north-allerton_n sir_n gilbert_n gerard_n kt._n and_o bar._n roger_n talbot_n esquire_n borough_n of_o ponfract_a sir_n john_n dawney_n kt._n sir_n william_n lowther_n kt._n baron_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n port_n of_o hastings_n edward_n waller_n esquire_n sir_n denny_z ashburnham_n bar._n town_n of_o winchelsea_n francis_n finch_n esquire_n robert_n austin_n gent._n town_n of_o rye_n sir_n john_n robinson_n kt._n and_o bar._n sir_n jo._n austin_n bar._n port_n of_o new_a rumney_n sir_n charles_n sidley_n bar._n sir_n norton_n knatchbull_n bar._n port_n of_o hyth_n john_n harvey_n esquire_n sir_n henry_n wood_n kt._n and_o bar._n port_n of_o dover_n george_n montague_n esquire_n edward_n lord_n hinchenbroke_a port_n of_o sandwich_n jo._n strode_n esquire_n james_n thurbarne_v esquire_n port_n of_o seaford_n sir_n william_n thomas_n kt._n and_o bar._n nicholas_n pelham_n esquire_n wales_n anglesey_n nicholas_n bagnall_n esquire_n town_n of_o bewmorris_n john_n robinson_n esquire_n brecon_n edward_n progers_n esquire_n town_n of_o brecon_n sir_n herbert_n price_n bar._n cardigan_n edward_n vaughan_n esquire_n town_n of_o cardigan_n sir_n charles_n cotterel_n kt._n carmarthen_n sir_n henry_n vaughan_n kt._n town_n of_o carmarthen_n john_n lord_n vaughan_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n carnarvan_n sir_n richard_n wynne_n bar._n town_n of_o carnarvan_n william_n griffith_n esquire_n denbigh_n john_n wynne_n esquire_n town_n of_o denbigh_n sir_n john_n salisbury_n bar._n flint_n sir_n thomas_n hanmer_n bar._n town_n of_o flint_n roger_n whitely_n esquire_n glamorgan_n sir_n edward_n mansel_n bar._n town_n of_o cardiff_n robert_n thomas_n esquire_n merion_v henry_n wynne_n esquire_n pembroke_n arthur_n owen_n esquire_n town_n of_o haverdford-west_n sir_n frederick_n hyde_n kt._n town_n of_o pembroke_n rowland_n lagherne_a esquire_n montgomery_n andrew_n newport_n esquire_n town_n of_o montgomery_n henry_n herbert_n esquire_n radnor_n sir_n richard_n lloyd_n kt._n town_n of_o radnor_n sir_n edward_n harley_n kt._n of_o the_o bath_n note_v that_o some_o knight_n and_o burgess_n be_v late_o decease_v other_o be_v not_o yet_o elect_v in_o their_o room_n of_o the_o executive_a power_n in_o temporal_a matter_n a_o brief_a account_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n in_o temporal_a affair_n have_v be_v give_v next_o may_v be_v consider_v the_o executive_a power_n in_o those_o affair_n and_o that_o be_v general_o in_o the_o king_n he_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n he_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n he_o be_v the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o as_o all_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v call_v the_o king_n law_n because_o he_o be_v caput_n principium_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la by_o which_o the_o law_n be_v make_v and_o that_o nothing_o can_v have_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n but_o what_o he_o will_v so_o all_o the_o court_n of_o judicature_n be_v call_v the_o king_n court_n and_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o those_o court_n be_v call_v the_o king_n judge_n the_o high_a court_n of_o judicature_n in_o england_n be_v the_o house_n of_o lord_n in_o parliament_n so_o that_o the_o parliament_n be_v not_o only_a concilium_fw-la but_o curia_n a_o court_n of_o judicature_n consist_v as_o aforemention_v of_o all_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a as_o judge_n and_o these_o assist_v with_o the_o most_o grave_a and_o eminent_a lawyer_n of_o england_n both_o in_o common_a and_o civil_a law_n to_o the_o judicature_n of_o this_o supreme_a and_o most_o honourable_a court_n all_o other_o court_n and_o person_n that_o be_v subject_n of_o england_n be_v subject_a and_o accountable_a for_o all_o crime_n not_o proper_o tryable_a remediable_a or_o punishable_a in_o other_o inferior_a court_n of_o justice_n and_o to_o this_o court_n all_o last_o appeal_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o from_o who_o sentence_n there_o lie_v no_o appeal_n but_o to_o a_o succeed_a parliament_n and_o this_o 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elizabeth_n and_o not_o before_o the_o commons_o begin_v to_o take_v upon_o they_o as_o say_v mr._n pryn_n a_o learned_a member_n of_o that_o house_n to_o seclude_v one_o another_o for_o undue_a election_n whereas_o former_o the_o king_n and_o lord_n be_v account_v the_o sole_a judge_n of_o all_o member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n and_o to_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n to_o judge_v of_o their_o undue_a election_n return_v misdemeanour_n breach_n of_o privilege_n and_o of_o all_o other_o matter_n concern_v their_o membership_n also_o for_o free_v any_o member_n from_o arrest_n or_o imprisonment_n do_v whole_o and_o sole_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n and_o not_o to_o the_o commons_o unless_o it_o be_v by_o special_a order_n refer_v by_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o as_o heretofore_o sometime_o have_v be_v do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o martyr_n the_o commons_o go_v far_o take_v upon_o they_o utter_o to_o expel_v out_o of_o their_o house_n some_o 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chief_a or_o shire_n town_n where_o the_o grand_a enquest_n or_o jury_n of_o the_o county_n be_v summon_v to_o appear_v who_o upon_o oath_n be_v to_o inquire_v of_o all_o traitor_n heretic_n thief_n murderer_n money-coiner_n riot_n &c_n &c_n those_o that_o appear_v to_o be_v guilty_a be_v by_o the_o say_a justice_n commit_v to_o prison_n to_o be_v try_v at_o the_o next_o assize_n when_o the_o judge_n of_o westminster_n come_v their_o circuit_n aforemention_v for_o execution_n of_o law_n in_o every_o county_n except_o westmoreland_n and_o durham_n the_o king_n every_o michaelmas_n term_n nominate_v for_o each_o county_n a_o sheriff_n that_o be_v a_o reeve_n of_o the_o shire_n praepositus_fw-la or_o praefectus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la a_o governor_n or_o guardian_n of_o the_o county_n for_o the_o word_n of_o the_o patent_n be_v commisimus_fw-la tibi_fw-la custodiam_fw-la commitatus_fw-la nostri_fw-la de_fw-la n._n the_o sheriff_n office_n be_v to_o execute_v the_o king_n mandate_n and_o all_o writ_n direct_v to_o he_o out_o of_o the_o king_n court_n to_o empannel_v jury_n to_o bring_v cause_n and_o criminal_n to_o trial_n to_o see_v the_o sentence_n both_o in_o civil_a and_o criminal_a affair_n execute_v to_o wait_v on_o and_o guard_v the_o itenerant_a judge_n twice_o a_o year_n so_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v within_o the_o county_n which_o at_o the_o assize_n be_v perform_v with_o great_a pomp_n splendour_n feast_v &c_n &c_n in_o order_n to_o the_o better_a execution_n of_o his_o office_n the_o sheriff_n have_v attendant_a his_o under-sheriff_n divers_a clerk_n steward_n of_o court_n bailiff_n of_o hundred_o constable_n gaoler_n sergeant_n or_o beedles_n beside_o a_o gallant_a train_n of_o servant_n in_o rich_a livery_n all_o on_o horseback_n at_o the_o reception_n of_o the_o judge_n he_o be_v ancient_o choose_v as_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n but_o to_o avoid_v tumult_n it_o be_v now_o thus_o every_o year_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o november_n the_o judge_n itinerant_a nominate_v six_o fit_a man_n of_o each_o county_n that_o be_v kts._n or_o esquire_n of_o good_a estate_n out_o of_o these_o the_o lord_n keeper_n treasurer_n privy_a councillor_n and_o 12_o judge_n assemble_v in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n and_o swear_v make_v choice_n of_o three_o of_o which_o the_o king_n himself_o after_o choose_v one_o to_o be_v sheriff_n for_o that_o year_n only_o though_o heretofore_o it_o be_v for_o many_o year_n and_o sometime_o hereditary_a as_o at_o this_o day_n to_o the_o clifford_n who_o by_o dissent_n from_o robert_n de_fw-fr vipont_n be_v sheriff_n hereditary_a of_o the_o county_n of_o westmoreland_n by_o charter_n from_o king_n john_n furthermore_o the_o sheriff_n office_n be_v to_o collect_v all_o public_a profit_n custom_n tax_n of_o the_o county_n all_o fine_n distress_n and_o amerceament_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o into_o the_o king_n exchequer_n or_o treasury_n at_o london_n or_o else_o where_o as_o the_o king_n shall_v appoint_v the_o
sheriff_n of_o each_o county_n have_v a_o double_a function_n first_o ministerial_a to_o execute_v all_o process_n and_o precept_n of_o the_o court_n of_o law_n and_o to_o make_v return_n of_o the_o same_o second_o judicial_a whereby_o he_o have_v authority_n to_o hold_v two_o several_a court_n of_o distinct_a nature_n the_o one_o call_v the_o sheriff_n turn_v which_o he_o hold_v in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o county_n inquire_v of_o all_o criminal_a offence_n against_o the_o common-law_n not_o prohibit_v by_o any_o statute_n the_o other_o call_v the_o county_n court_n wherein_o he_o hear_v and_o determine_v civil_a cause_n of_o the_o county_n under_o 40_o s._n which_o ancient_o be_v a_o considerable_a sum_n so_o that_o by_o the_o great_a fall_n of_o the_o money_n now_o the_o sheriff_n authority_n in_o that_o part_n be_v much_o diminish_v he_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o life_n of_o justice_n of_o the_o law_n and_o of_o the_o county_n for_o no_o suit_n begin_v and_o no_o process_n be_v serve_v but_o by_o he_o than_o no_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n but_o by_o he_o last_o he_o be_v the_o chief_a conservator_n of_o the_o peace_n in_o the_o whole_a county_n every_o county_n be_v subdivide_v into_o hundred_o so_o call_v at_o first_o either_o for_o contain_v a_o hundred_o house_n or_o 100_o man_n bind_v to_o find_v arm_n or_o wapentake_v so_o call_v from_o touch_v a_o weapon_n when_o they_o swear_v allegiance_n as_o the_o manner_n at_o this_o day_n be_v in_o sweden_n at_o their_o solemn_a wedding_n for_o the_o chief_a witness_n to_o lay_v all_o their_o hand_n upon_o a_o lance_n or_o pike_n every_o such_o wapentake_n oâ—_n hundred_o have_v common_o a_o bailiff_n a_o very_a ancient_a officer_n but_o now_o of_o small_a authority_n also_o officer_n call_v high_a constable_n first_o ordain_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o winchester_n 13_o edw._n 1._o for_o conservation_n of_o peace_n and_o view_n of_o armour_n they_o disperse_v warrant_n and_o order_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n to_o each_o petty_a constable_n there_o be_v also_o in_o every_o county_n two_o officer_n call_v coroner_n who_o office_n be_v to_o inquire_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o neighbour_n how_o and_o by_o who_o any_o person_n come_v by_o a_o violent_a death_n and_o to_o enter_v the_o same_o upon_o record_n which_o be_v matter_n criminal_a and_o a_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o thence_o they_o be_v call_v crowner_n or_o coroner_n these_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o free_a holder_n of_o the_o county_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n they_o be_v ancient_o man_n of_o estate_n birth_n and_o honour_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n iii_o a_o merchant_n be_v choose_v a_o coroner_n be_v remove_v quia_fw-la communis_fw-la mercator_fw-la fuit_fw-la whereas_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v a_o gentleman_n which_o have_v no_o trade_n man_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v by_o our_o law_n every_o county_n also_o have_v a_o officer_n call_v clerk_n of_o the_o mercat_n who_o office_n be_v to_o keep_v a_o standard_n of_o all_o weight_n and_o measure_v exact_o according_a with_o the_o king_n standard_n keep_v in_o the_o exchequer_n and_o to_o see_v that_o none_o other_o be_v use_v in_o the_o same_o county_n to_o seal_v all_o weight_n and_o measure_n make_v exact_o by_o the_o standard_n in_o his_o custody_n and_o to_o burn_v such_o as_o be_v otherwise_o he_o have_v a_o court_n and_o may_v keep_v and_o hold_v plea_n therein_o of_o the_o civil_a government_n of_o city_n every_o city_n of_o england_n by_o their_o charter_n or_o privilege_n grant_v by_o several_a king_n be_v a_o little_a commonwealth_n apart_o govern_v not_o as_o the_o city_n of_o france_n by_o a_o nobleman_n or_o gentleman_n place_v there_o by_o the_o king_n but_o whole_o by_o themselves_o they_o choose_v among_o themselves_o their_o own_o governor_n in_o city_n a_o mayor_n be_v choose_v common_o out_o of_o 12_o alderman_n in_o some_o other_o coâ—porations_n a_o bailiff_n be_v choose_v out_o of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o burgess_n they_o be_v not_o tax_v but_o by_o their_o own_o officer_n of_o their_o own_o corporation_n every_o trade_n have_v some_o of_o their_o own_o always_o of_o the_o council_n to_o see_v that_o nothing_o be_v enact_v contrary_a to_o their_o profit_n every_o city_n by_o charter_n from_o the_o king_n have_v haute_fw-fr moyenne_fw-fr &_o base_v justice_n a_o jurisdiction_n among_o themselves_o to_o judge_v in_o all_o matter_n criminal_a and_o civil_a only_o with_o this_o restraint_n that_o all_o civil_a cause_n may_v be_v remove_v from_o their_o court_n to_o the_o high_a court_n at_o westminster_n the_o mayor_n of_o the_o city_n be_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n and_o with_o the_o aldermâ—n_n and_o common_a council_n as_o it_o be_v king_n lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n can_v make_v law_n call_v by-law_n for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n he_o be_v for_o his_o time_n which_o be_v but_o for_o one_o year_n as_o it_o be_v a_o judge_n to_o determine_v matter_n and_o to_o mitigate_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n the_o next_o in_o government_n of_o city_n be_v two_o principal_a officer_n call_v though_o improper_o the_o sheriff_n who_o be_v judge_n in_o civil_a cause_n within_o this_o city_n and_o to_o see_v all_o execution_n do_v whether_o penal_a or_o capital_a and_o shall_v rather_o be_v call_v stat-reeves_a or_o port-reeves_a i._n e._n vrbis_fw-la vel_fw-la portus_n praefecti_fw-la in_o city_n the_o people_n be_v general_o make_v more_o industrious_a by_o manufacture_n and_o less_o idleness_n suffer_v then_o in_o other_o place_n so_o that_o in_o some_o city_n child_n of_o six_o or_o seven_o year_n old_a be_v make_v to_o gain_v their_o own_o expense_n in_o the_o city_n of_o norwich_n it_o have_v of_o late_a year_n be_v compute_v and_o find_v that_o yearly_a child_n from_o 6_o to_o 10_o year_n of_o age_n have_v gain_v 12_o thousand_o pound_n more_o than_o what_o they_o spend_v and_o that_o chief_o by_o knit_v fine_a jersey_n stocking_n the_o government_n of_o burrough_n and_o other_o town_n corporate_a be_v much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n in_o some_o there_o be_v a_o mayor_n in_o other_o one_o or_o two_o bailiff_n who_o have_v equal_a power_n with_o a_o mayor_n and_o sheriff_n and_o during_o their_o office_n they_o be_v justice_n of_o the_o peace_n within_o their_o liberty_n and_o have_v there_o the_o same_o power_n that_o other_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n have_v in_o the_o county_n for_o the_o better_a government_n of_o village_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o place_n have_v ordinary_o power_n to_o hold_v a_o court-baron_n so_o call_v because_o ancient_o such_o lord_n be_v call_v baron_n as_o they_o be_v still_o in_o many_o part_n of_o france_n or_o else_o court_n baron_n i._n e._n court_n of_o freeholder_n as_o the_o baron_n of_o germany_n be_v call_v frey_n herren_a so_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n in_o england_n be_v but_o the_o freeholder_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o this_o court_n may_v be_v hold_v every_o 3_o week_n also_o for_o the_o government_n of_o village_n there_o be_v a_o petty_a constable_n choose_v every_o year_n by_o every_o one_o that_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o place_n this_o officer_n be_v to_o keep_v the_o peace_n in_o case_n of_o quarrel_n to_o search_v any_o house_n for_o robber_n murderer_n or_o other_o that_o have_v any_o way_n break_v the_o peace_n to_o raise_v the_o hue_n and_o cry_n after_o robber_n flee_v away_o to_o seize_v upon_o they_o and_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o stock_n or_o other_o prison_n till_o they_o can_v bring_v they_o before_o some_o justice_n of_o peace_n to_o who_o the_o constable_n be_v subservient_fw-fr upon_o all_o occasiion_n either_o to_o bring_v crrminal_n before_o they_o or_o to_o carry_v they_o by_o their_o command_n to_o the_o common_a prison_n every_o little_a village_n almost_o have_v a_o epitome_n of_o monarchical_a government_n of_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a policy_n within_o itself_o which_o if_o due_o maintain_v will_v render_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n happy_a first_o for_o the_o civil_a government_n there_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o the_o soil_n who_o from_o the_o crown_n immediate_o or_o mediate_o hold_v dominium_fw-la soli_fw-la and_o be_v say_v to_o have_v in_o he_o the_o royalty_n as_o if_o he_o be_v a_o little_a king_n and_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o village_n have_v his_o court-leetâ—_a or_o court-baron_n to_o which_o they_o owe_v suit_n and_o service_n and_o where_o may_v be_v try_v small_a matter_n happen_v within_o the_o manor_n escheat_n upon_o felony_n or_o other_o accident_n custody_n of_o infant_n and_o lunatic_n power_n of_o pass_a estate_n and_o admit_v of_o tenant_n relief_n hariot_n hunt_v hawk_v fish_v etc._n etc._n under_o the_o lord_n be_v the_o constable_n or_o
or_o deputy_n lieutenant_n may_v levy_v every_o year_n one_o four_o part_n if_o they_o judge_v it_o expedient_a of_o each_o man_n proportion_n in_o the_o tax_n of_o 70000_o l._n a_o month_n upon_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o march_v against_o a_o enemy_n they_o have_v power_n to_o cause_v every_o man_n so_o charge_v to_o allow_v each_o soldier_n one_o month_n pay_v which_o the_o king_n be_v after_o to_o repay_v before_o they_o may_v be_v charge_v with_o another_o month_n pay_v these_o force_n be_v always_o in_o readiness_n with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a at_o the_o beat_v of_o a_o drum_n or_o sound_v of_o trumpet_n to_o appear_v muster_v and_o be_v complete_a with_o man_n horse_n and_o arm_n and_o be_v at_o certain_a time_n train_v and_o discipline_v that_o they_o become_v able_a skilful_a and_o useful_a soldier_n these_o be_v to_o be_v command_v only_o within_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n subservient_fw-fr in_o the_o stand_a militia_n to_o the_o lord_n lieutenant_n and_o deputy_n lieutenant_n be_v the_o justice_n of_o peace_n of_o every_o county_n who_o upon_o all_o occasion_n according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o their_o superior_n be_v to_o send_v their_o warrant_n to_o the_o high_a constable_n of_o the_o hundred_o or_o petty_a constable_n of_o the_o parish_n etc._n etc._n these_o be_v common_o call_v the_o train-band_n of_o every_o county_n whereof_o the_o number_n be_v so_o great_a that_o in_o only_o five_o of_o the_o big_a county_n of_o england_n there_o be_v to_o be_v find_v well_o provide_v forty_o thousand_o able_a lusty_a man_n ready_a to_o assist_v the_o king_n upon_o all_o occasion_n so_o that_o in_o all_o time_n of_o peace_n the_o king_n have_v six_o or_o sevenscore_n thousand_o man_n enroll_v and_o whole_o and_o sole_o at_o his_o dispose_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o kingdom_n of_o england_n for_o the_o better_a secure_n of_o the_o kingdom_n from_o foreign_a invasion_n beside_o the_o ship_n of_o war_n whereof_o more_o anon_o there_o be_v upon_o certain_a eminent_a place_n over_o all_o part_n of_o england_n mediterrane_n as_o well_o as_o maritime_a high_a pole_n erect_v whereon_o be_v fasten_v pitch_n barrel_n to_o be_v fire_v by_o night_n and_o a_o smoke_n make_v by_o day_n and_o thereby_o to_o give_v notice_n in_o few_o hour_n to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o the_o approach_a invasion_n whereupon_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o arm_n make_v haste_n to_o the_o seacoast_n these_o be_v call_v beacon_n from_o the_o saxon_a beacen_n or_o beacnian_n to_o show_v by_o a_o sign_n in_o all_o time_n of_o danger_n some_o be_v set_v to_o watch_v at_o every_o becon_fw-mi ancient_o there_o be_v many_o castle_n in_o all_o part_n of_o england_n but_o inland_n castle_n general_o have_v either_o be_v demolish_a in_o latter_a time_n or_o witting_o suffer_v to_o decay_v that_o to_o rebel_n they_o may_v be_v no_o shelter_n to_o invader_n no_o stay_n nor_o to_o the_o invade_v any_o refuge_n in_o flight_n and_o consequent_o that_o there_o may_v not_o be_v any_o linger_a war_n again_o in_o england_n which_o be_v the_o great_a misery_n and_o calamity_n that_o can_v ever_o happen_v to_o a_o nation_n in_o 1588._o upon_o expectation_n of_o the_o spanish_a armado_n style_v invincible_a there_o go_v forth_o from_o the_o queen_n commission_n to_o muster_v in_o all_o part_n of_o england_n all_o man_n that_o be_v of_o perfect_a sense_n and_o limb_n from_o the_o age_n of_o 16._o to_o 60_o except_o nobleman_n clergyman_n university_n student_n lawyer_n officer_n and_o such_o as_o have_v any_o public_a charge_n leave_v only_o in_o every_o parish_n so_o many_o husbandman_n as_o be_v sufficient_a to_o till_o the_o ground_n in_o all_o those_o muster_n there_o be_v then_o number_v three_o million_o but_o of_o those_o fit_n for_o war_n about_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o in_o another_o muster_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n there_o be_v find_v in_o all_o england_n fit_a for_o war_n of_o common_a soldier_n about_o four_o hundred_o thousand_o and_o of_o those_o arm_a and_o train_v one_o hundred_o eighty_o five_o thousand_o beside_o horse_n near_o forty_o thousand_o and_o that_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n be_v then_o able_a to_o bring_v into_o the_o field_n of_o their_o servant_n and_o follower_n twenty_o thousand_o man_n horse_n and_o foot_n choice_a man_n and_o excellent_a horse_n and_o in_o all_o fit_a for_o war_n and_o ready_a upon_o all_o occasion_n six_o hundred_o forty_o two_o thousand_o leave_v sufficient_a to_o till_o the_o ground_n and_o to_o furnish_v trade_n beside_o nobility_n gentry_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o present_a maritime_a power_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v a_o peninsula_n almost_o surround_v with_o the_o sea_n there_o will_v always_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o maritime_a force_n and_o as_o next_o neighbour_n grow_v potent_a at_o sea_n the_o king_n of_o england_n will_v be_v necessitate_v to_o augment_v his_o maritime_a force_n proportionable_o ho_o great_a soever_o the_o charge_n thereof_o may_v be_v or_o else_o to_o quit_v his_o ancient_a right_n to_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o narrow_a sea_n and_o to_o suffer_v his_o merchant_n to_o be_v abuse_v and_o their_o traffic_n every_o where_o interrupt_v it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o the_o 24._o of_o eliz._n upon_o a_o general_a view_n and_o muster_v there_o be_v find_v but_o 13_o ship_n of_o war_n and_o 135_o ship_n of_o considerable_a burden_n belong_v to_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1600_o her_o majesty_n have_v but_o 36_o ship_n of_o war_n and_z 13_o or_o 14_o pinnace_n the_o big_a ship_n be_v then_o of_o one_o thousand_o tun_n carry_v three_o hundred_o and_o forty_o mariner_n one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o soldier_n and_o but_o thirty_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n the_o lesser_a ship_n of_o war_n be_v of_o one_o hundred_o tun_n forty_o or_o fifty_o mariner_n seven_o or_o eight_o soldier_n and_o eight_o gun_n the_o pinnace_n of_o thirty_o tun_n eighteen_o or_o twenty_o mariner_n and_o two_o or_o four_o gun_n so_o small_a be_v the_o royal_a fleet_n in_o those_o day_n when_o our_o next_o neighbour_n nation_n be_v weak_a and_o always_o engage_v with_o civil_a and_o foreign_a war_n but_o now_o that_o their_o strength_n at_o sea_n be_v of_o late_a so_o prodigious_o increase_v it_o will_v be_v most_o expedient_a for_o this_o kingdom_n to_o be_v always_o well_o provide_v and_o god_n be_v thank_v we_o have_v a_o king_n that_o understand_v better_a and_o take_v more_o delight_n in_o maritime_a affair_n and_o ship_n of_o war_n than_o any_o of_o his_o royal_a ancestor_n or_o any_o sovereign_a prince_n now_o live_v in_o the_o world_n and_o who_o have_v make_v it_o his_o chief_n business_n that_o way_n to_o fortify_v this_o kingdom_n the_o force_n of_o potentate_n at_o sea_n sont_fw-fr des_fw-fr marquis_n de_fw-fr grandeur_n d'estat_fw-la say_v a_o french_a author_n whosoever_o command_v the_o sea_n command_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o world_n he_o that_o command_v the_o trade_n command_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o world_n and_o consequent_o the_o world_n itself_o again_o as_o he_o that_o be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n be_v say_v to_o be_v master_n of_o every_o town_n when_o it_o shall_v please_v he_o so_o he_o that_o be_v master_n of_o the_o sea_n may_v in_o some_o sort_n be_v say_v to_o be_v master_n of_o every_o country_n at_o least_o of_o such_o as_o be_v border_v on_o the_o sea_n for_o he_o be_v at_o liberty_n to_o begin_v or_o end_v a_o war_n where_o and_o upon_o what_o term_n he_o please_v and_o to_o extend_v his_o conquest_n even_o to_o the_o antipode_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n belong_v the_o dominion_n of_o all_o the_o narrow_a sea_n round_o about_o the_o whole_a island_n of_o great_a britain_n by_o ancient_a right_n whereof_o it_o have_v have_v possession_n in_o all_o time_n first_o the_o aborigenes_n or_o ancient_a britain_n be_v possess_v thereof_o as_o mr._n selden_n make_v appear_v and_o in_o their_o right_n the_o roman_n hold_v it_o then_o the_o saxon_n have_v get_v possession_n of_o england_n keep_v that_o dominion_n their_o king_n edgar_n among_o his_o royal_a title_n call_v himself_o sovereign_a of_o the_o narrow_a sea_n afterward_o the_o norman_n possess_v england_n claim_v and_o quiet_o possess_v the_o same_o dominion_n in_o testimony_n whereof_o the_o swede_n dane_n hans-town_n hollander_n zealander_n etc._n etc._n be_v wont_a to_o ask_v leave_n to_o pass_v the_o british_a sea_n and_o to_o take_v licenses_n to_o fish_v therein_o and_o to_o this_o day_n do_v strike_v sail_n to_o all_o the_o ship_n of_o war_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o pass_v by_o any_o one_o of_o they_o thereby_o to_o express_v that_o they_o acknowledge_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o british_a