Selected quad for the lemma: justice_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
justice_n	judge_n	king_n	lord_n	7,200	5	4.0035	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A80192	The Second part of Modern reports, being a collection of several special cases most of them adjudged in the Court of Common Pleas, in the 26, 27, 28, 29, & 30th years of the reign of King Charles II. when Sir. Fra. North was Chief Justice of the said court. : To which are added, several select cases in the Courts of Chancery, King's-Bench, and Exchequer in the said years. / Carefully collected by a learned hand.	Colquitt, Anthony.; Washington, Joseph, d. 1694.; Great Britain. Court of Exchequer.; England and Wales. Court of Common Pleas.; England and Wales. Court of Chancery.; England and Wales. Court of King's Bench.	1698 (1698)	Wing C5416; ESTC R171454	291,993	354

heir_n enter_v and_o claim_v general_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v as_o heir_n and_o the_o word_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o molest_v by_o suit_n or_o otherwise_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v occasione_n praemissorum_fw-la three_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o entry_n to_o avoid_v a_o estate_n in_o case_n of_o a_o limitation_n because_o thereby_o the_o estate_n be_v determine_v without_o entry_n or_o claim_n and_o the_o law_n cast_v it_o upon_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v limit_v and_o in_o who_o it_o ve_v till_o he_o disagrée_n to_o it_o a._n devise_n land_n to_o b._n and_o his_o heir_n and_o die_v it_o be_v in_o the_o devisee_fw-mi immediate_o but_o indeed_o till_o entry_n he_o can_v bring_v a_o possessory_a action_n as_o trespass_n etc._n etc._n pl._n com._n 412_o 413._o 10_o co._n 40._o b._n where_o a_o possession_n ve_v without_o entry_n a_o reversion_n will_v vest_n without_o claim_n nota._n nota._n curtis_n versus_fw-la davenant_n church_n prohibition_n a_o bishop_n can_v appoint_v commissioner_n to_o tax_v the_o parish_n for_o building_n or_o repair_v a_o church_n in_o a_o prohibition_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o if_o a_o church_n be_v out_o of_o repair_n or_o be_v so_o much_o out_o of_o order_n that_o it_o must_v be_v re-edify_v whether_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n may_v direct_v a_o commission_n to_o empower_v commissioner_n to_o tax_v and_o rate_v every_o parishioner_n for_o the_o re-edify_n thereof_o the_o court_n do_v unanimous_o agree_v such_o commission_n be_v against_o law_n and_o therefore_o grant_v a_o prohibition_n to_o the_o spiritual_a court_n to_o stop_v a_o suit_n there_o commence_v against_o some_o of_o the_o parishioner_n of_o white-chappel_n for_o not_o pay_v the_o tax_n according_a to_o their_o proportion_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o spiritual_a court_n have_v power_n to_o compel_v the_o parish_n to_o repair_v the_o church_n by_o their_o ecclesiastical_a censure_n but_o they_o can_v appoint_v what_o sum_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v for_o that_o purpose_n because_o the_o churchwarden_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o parish_n be_v to_o settle_v that_o as_o if_o a_o bridge_n be_v out_o of_o repair_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n can_v set_v rate_n upon_o the_o person_n that_o be_v to_o repair_v it_o but_o they_o must_v consent_v to_o it_o themselves_o these_o parishioner_n here_o who_o contribute_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o repair_v the_o church_n may_v be_v spare_v but_o as_o for_o those_o who_o be_v obstinate_a and_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o the_o spiritual_a court_n may_v proceed_v to_o excommunication_n against_o they_o but_o there_o may_v be_v a_o libel_n to_o pay_v the_o rate_n set_v by_o the_o churchwarden_n nurse_n versus_fw-la yearworth_n in_fw-la cancellaria_fw-la term._n bill_n in_o cancellaria_fw-la for_o the_o assignment_n of_o a_o term._n richard_n yearworth_n be_v seize_v of_o land_n in_o fee_n make_v a_o lease_n to_o the_o defendant_n christopher_n yearworth_n for_o 99_o year_n to_o such_o use_n as_o by_o his_o last_o will_v he_o shall_v direct_v afterward_o he_o make_v his_o will_n in_o writing_n have_v then_o no_o issue_n but_o his_o wife_n grossement_fw-fr enseint_a and_o thereby_o devise_v the_o same_o land_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n on_o the_o body_n of_o his_o wife_n beget_v and_o for_o want_v of_o such_o issue_n to_o the_o say_v christopher_n the_o defendant_n and_o his_o heir_n richard_z dies_z and_z about_o a_o month_n after_o a_o son_n be_v bear_v the_o son_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o devise_n enjoy_v the_o land_n but_o when_o he_o attain_v his_o full_a age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n he_o suffer_v a_o common_a recovery_n and_o afterward_o devise_v the_o land_n to_o the_o complainant_a nurse_n and_z dies_z the_o complainant_n exhibit_v a_o bill_n against_o the_o defendant_n to_o have_v the_o lease_n for_o 99_o year_n assign_v to_o he_o and_o whether_o he_o shall_v have_v it_o assign_v or_o not_o be_v the_o question_n 1._o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o a_o estate_n in_o fee_n be_v limit_v by_o the_o will_n to_o christopher_n who_o be_v lessee_n for_o 99_o year_n the_o term_n be_v thereby_o drown_v 2._o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o devise_v by_o richard_n to_o the_o infant_n in_o ventre_n la_fw-fr mere_a be_v void_a and_o then_o the_o complainant_n who_o claim_v by_o a_o devise_n from_o the_o posthumus_n can_v have_v no_o title_n but_o that_o the_o defendant_n to_o who_o a_o estate_n be_v limit_v by_o the_o will_n of_o richard_n in_o remainder_n shall_v take_v present_o but_o notwithstanding_o what_o be_v object_v the_o lord_n keeper_n finch_n decree_v that_o the_o lease_n which_o be_v in_o trust_n shall_v be_v assign_v to_o the_o complainant_a nurse_n he_o say_v that_o at_o the_o common_a law_n without_o all_o question_n a_o devise_n to_o a_o infant_n in_o ventre_n sa_fw-it more_fw-mi of_o land_n devisable_v by_o custom_n be_v good_a so_o that_o the_o doubt_n arise_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o h._n 8._o dubitatur_fw-la roll._n abr._n tit_n devise_v 609._o light_v h._n pl._n 2._o godb._n 385._o 11_o h_o 6._o 13._o dubitatur_fw-la which_o enact_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o a_o man_n by_o his_o will_n in_o writing_n to_o devise_v his_o land_n to_o any_o person_n or_o person_n for_o in_o this_o case_n the_o devisée_v not_o be_v in_o rerum_fw-la naturâ_fw-la in_o strictness_n of_o speech_n be_v no_o person_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v be_v take_v that_o such_o a_o devise_n be_v void_a moor_n rep._n and_o it_o be_v leave_v as_o a_o quaere_fw-la in_o the_o lord_n dyer_n 304._o but_o in_o two_o case_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n one_o in_o the_o time_n when_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hale_n be_v judge_n there_o the_o other_o in_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n bridgman_n time_n it_o have_v be_v resolve_v that_o if_o there_o be_v sufficient_a and_o apt_a word_n to_o describe_v the_o infant_n though_o in_o ventre_n sa_o mere_a the_o devise_n may_v be_v good_a but_o in_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o judge_n since_o have_v be_v divide_v upon_o this_o point_n that_o as_o the_o law_n stand_v now_o adjudge_v this_o devise_n in_o our_o case_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v good_a but_o shall_v the_o case_n come_v now_o in_o question_n he_o say_v he_o be_v not_o sure_a that_o the_o law_n will_v be_v so_o adjudge_v for_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o disinherit_v a_o heir_n for_o want_n of_o apt_a word_n to_o describe_v he_o and_o it_o be_v all_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n that_o a_o man_n intent_n lie_v in_o extremis_fw-la when_o most_o common_o he_o be_v destitute_a of_o council_n shall_v be_v favour_v whitrong_a versus_fw-la blaney_n wales_n process_n into_o wales_n this_o term_n the_o court_n deliver_v their_o opinion_n in_o this_o case_n north_n chief_a justice_n who_o have_v hear_v no_o argument_n herein_o be_v absent_a the_o case_n be_v this_o the_o plaintiff_n upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o this_o court_n sue_v out_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la against_o the_o heir_n and_o the_o ter-tenant_n which_o be_v direct_v to_o a_o sheriff_n of_o wales_n the_o defendant_n be_v return_v tertenant_a but_o he_o come_v in_o and_o plead_v non_fw-fr tenure_n general_o and_o traverse_n the_o return_n the_o plaintiff_n demur_n two_o point_n be_v speak_v to_o in_o the_o case_n 1._o whether_o the_o defendant_n can_v traverse_v the_o sheriff_n return_v and_o all_o the_o three_o justice_n agree_v that_o he_o can_v 2._o whether_o a_o scir_n fac_n ca._n sa._n fi._n fa._n etc._n etc._n will_v lie_v into_o wales_n on_o a_o judgement_n here_o at_o westminster_n and_o they_o agree_v it_o will_v well_o lie_v 484._o a_o indictment_n may_v be_v remove_v 2_o cro._n 484._o ellis_n justice_n agree_v if_o judgement_n be_v give_v in_o wales_n it_o can_v not_o be_v remove_v into_o the_o chancery_n by_o certiorari_fw-la and_o send_v hither_o by_o mittimus_fw-la and_o then_o execution_n take_v out_o upon_o that_o judgement_n here_o because_o such_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v execute_v in_o their_o proper_a jurisdiction_n and_o such_o be_v the_o resolution_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o baron_n cro._n car._n 34._o but_o on_o a_o judgement_n obtain_v here_o execution_n may_v go_v into_o wales_n no_o execution_n can_v go_v into_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n because_o it_o be_v no_o part_n of_o england_n but_o wales_n be_v unite_v to_o england_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o c._n 26._o and_o therefore_o in_o bedo_n and_o piper_n case_n 2_o bulstr_n 156._o it_o be_v hold_v that_o such_o a_o it_o a_o het_n 20._o 2_o cro._n 484._o the_o opinion_n of_o dodderidge_n roll._n 395._o 2_o sand._n 194._o twisden_n deny_v it_o writ_n of_o execution_n go_v legal_o into_o wales_n he_o say_v he_o have_v a_o report_n of_o a_o case_n in_o 11_o car._n 2._o where_o a_o motion_n be_v make_v to_o quash_n a_o elegit_fw-la into_o wales_n

a_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la 216_o where_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v though_o not_o lay_v in_o the_o plead_n 304_o victual_n justification_n of_o a_o trespass_n for_o that_o they_o be_v corrupt_a 56_o unity_n of_o possession_n where_o it_o do_v not_o destroy_v a_o right_n of_o common_a 277_o usage_n where_o it_o shall_v not_o intend_v a_o right_n it_o may_v be_v evidence_n of_o a_o right_n 278_o use_n where_o a_o man_n shall_v take_v by_o way_n of_o spring_a use_n 208_o use_v not_o favour_v in_o the_o law_n 210_o how_o they_o come_v first_o into_o conveyance_n 251_o use_n may_v be_v raise_v by_o the_o reservation_n of_o a_o pepper_n corn_n to_o make_v a_o tenant_n to_o the_o praecipe_fw-la 249_o 250_o where_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o create_v a_o use_n till_o a_o future_a use_n come_v in_o esse_fw-la 208_o usury_n the_o contract_n itself_o must_v be_v usurious_a to_o make_v the_o security_n void_a 307_o w._n wales_n execution_n shall_v go_v thither_o upon_o a_o judgement_n obtain_v in_o the_o court_n at_o westminster_n 11_o wager_n of_o law_n where_o compurgator_n shall_v be_v require_v 140_o 141_o ward_n can_v be_v where_o the_o infant_n be_v in_o by_o purchase_n and_o not_o by_o a_o descent_n 176_o 177_o warden_n of_o the_o fleet._n how_o far_o his_o limit_n extend_v 221_o warranty_n where_o it_o shall_v descend_v and_o bar_v the_o issue_n 109_o 110_o etc._n etc._n where_o a_o fine_a sur_fw-fr concessit_fw-la shall_v displace_v a_o estate_n and_o turn_v it_o to_o a_o right_n and_o the_o collateral_a warranty_n bar_v the_o heir_n 110_o voucher_n and_o rebutter_n be_v incident_a to_o it_o 14_o waste_n bring_v by_o one_o tenant_n in_o common_a alone_o and_o good_a 61_o 62_o will._n judgement_n give_v upon_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o word_n therein_o 223_o 224_o where_o the_o republication_n make_v it_o a_o new_a will_n 313_o ecclesiastical_a court_n the_o proper_a place_n for_o the_o determination_n when_o a_o person_n be_v capable_a of_o make_v a_o will_n 315_o word_n of_o doubtful_a signification_n shall_v not_o be_v construe_v to_o work_v a_o wrong_n 116_o where_o the_o pronoun_n illa_fw-la do_v restrain_v former_a word_n 106_o 107_o usque_fw-la be_v exclusive_a in_o plead_v 280_o word_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o common_a and_o ordinary_a understanding_n 183_o 187_o word_n where_o they_o be_v make_v actionable_a by_o averment_n of_o damage_n 150_o word_n in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o common_a meaning_n 183_o 187_o wrong_n no_o construction_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o work_v a_o wrong_n 80_o book_n print_v for_o and_o sell_v by_o charles_n harper_n at_o the_o flower_n de_fw-fr luce_n over_o against_o st._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n law-book_n the_o report_n of_o sir_n payton_n ventris_n knight_n late_o one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o two_o part_n the_o first_o part_n contain_v select_a case_n adjudge_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o ii_o with_o three_o learned_a argument_n one_o in_o the_o king_n bench_n by_o sir_n francis_n north_n and_o two_o in_o the_o exchequer_n by_o sir_n matthew_n hale_v when_o lord_n chief_a baron_n the_o second_o part_n contain_v choice_a case_n adjudge_v in_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o king_n charles_n the_o ii_o and_o king_n james_n the_o ii_o and_o also_o in_o the_o three_o first_o year_n of_o his_o now_o majesty_n king_n william_n and_o the_o late_a queen_n mary_n while_o he_o be_v a_o judge_n in_o the_o say_a court_n with_o the_o plead_n to_o the_o same_o and_o also_o some_o other_o remarkable_a case_n in_o other_o court_n print_a in_o folio_n in_o 1696._o with_o the_o allowance_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o lord_n keeper_n and_o all_o the_o judge_n the_o lord_n coke_n report_n in_o english_a folio_n his_o eleven_o report_n in_o french_a fol._n his_o commentary_n on_o littleton_n or_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n fol._n his_o commentary_n on_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la or_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n folio_n his_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n folio_n his_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n or_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n fol._n bulstrode_n report_n in_o three_o part_n with_o new_a reference_n fol._n leonard_n report_n in_o four_o part_n with_o new_a reference_n fol._n the_o year-book_n in_o ten_o volume_n the_o last_o edition_n with_o new_a note_n and_o table_n to_o they_o all_o fol._n the_o report_n of_o the_o lord_n keeper_n littleton_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o i._o fol._n the_o report_n of_o the_o learned_a judge_n sir_n henry_n hobart_n the_o four_o edition_n correct_v and_o amend_v fol._n report_n in_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n at_o westminster_n from_o the_o 12_o to_o the_o 30_o year_n of_o king_n charles_n ii_o by_o jos_n keble_n of_o gray_n inn_n esq_n in_o three_o volume_n fol._n a_o assistance_n to_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o the_o easy_a performance_n of_o their_o duty_n in_o two_o part_n to_o which_o be_v now_o add_v a_o table_n for_o the_o ready_a find_v out_o the_o precedent_n with_o a_o large_a table_n of_o the_o matter_n never_o before_o print_v by_o jos_n keble_n of_o gray_n inn_n esq_n fol._n a_o exact_a abridgement_n of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n be_v of_o great_a use_n for_o all_o that_o be_v concern_v in_o parliamentary_a affair_n and_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n collect_v by_o sir_n robert_n cotton_n kt._n and_o bar._n fol._n the_o commentary_n of_o ed._n plowden_n with_o reference_n whereunto_o be_v add_v his_o query_n fol._n keilwey_n report_n with_o new_a reference_n to_o all_o the_o late_a report_n fol._n report_n of_o several_a especial_a case_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n two_o by_o s._n carter_n of_o the_o middle_a temple_n esq_n fol._n the_o law_n of_o jamaica_n in_o fol._n a_o exact_a abridgement_n of_o all_o the_o statute_n in_o force_n and_o use_v from_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la begin_v by_o edm._n wingate_n of_o grays-inn_n esq_n and_o careful_o continue_v down_o to_o the_o year_n 1689._o by_o jos_n washington_n of_o the_o middle-temple_n esq_n 8vo_fw-la the_o new_a natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la of_o the_o most_o reverend_a judge_n mr._n anth._n fitzherbert_n correct_v and_o revise_v 8vo_fw-la styles_n practical_a register_n begin_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n i._o consist_v of_o rule_n order_n and_o the_o principal_a observation_n concern_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o common_a law_n in_o the_o court_n at_o westminster_n particular_o the_o kings-bench_n as_o well_o in_o matter_n criminal_a as_o civil_a careful_o continue_v down_o to_o this_o time_n in_o 8vo_n two_o dialogue_n in_o english_a between_o a_o doctor_n of_o divinity_n and_o a_o student_n in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n of_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o say_a law_n and_o of_o conscience_n 8vo_fw-la the_o law_n against_o bankrupt_n or_o a_o treatise_n wherein_o the_o statute_n against_o bankrupt_n be_v explain_v by_o f._n gooding_n sergeant_n at_o law_n 8vo_fw-la the_o enter_v clerk_n vade_fw-la mecum_fw-la be_v a_o exact_a collection_n of_o precedent_n for_o declaration_n and_o plead_n in_o most_o action_n etc._n etc._n by_o w._n brown_n gent_n 8vo_fw-la the_o law_n of_o jamaica_n 8vo_fw-la the_o exact_a clerk_n or_o scrivener_n guide_n be_v choice_n and_o approve_a form_n of_o precedent_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o business_n now_o in_o use_n and_o practice_n in_o a_o much_o better_a method_n than_o any_o yet_o print_v be_v useful_a for_o all_o gentleman_n but_o chief_o those_o who_o practice_n the_o law_n by_o nicholas_n covert_n one_o of_o the_o attorney_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n 8vo_fw-la miscellany_n the_o life_n of_o our_o bless_a lord_n and_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n a_o heroic_a poem_n in_o ten_o book_n with_o sixty_o copper_n plate_n by_o samuel_n wesley_n m.a._n chaplain_n to_o the_o marquis_n of_o normanby_n and_o rector_n of_o epworth_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n the_o second_o edition_n revise_v and_o improve_v by_o the_o author_n with_o a_o large_a map_n and_o table_n of_o the_o matter_n in_o fol._n doctor_n willis_n practice_n of_o physic_n be_v the_o whole_a work_n of_o that_o renown_a and_o famous_a physician_n render_v into_o english_a the_o second_o edition_n with_o 40_o copper_n plate_n fol._n tbe_n historical_a and_o miscellaneous_n tract_n of_o the_o reverend_n and_o learned_a peter_n heylin_n d._n d._n now_o collect_v into_o one_o volume_n and_o a_o account_n of_o the_o life_n of_o the_o author_n never_o before_o publish_v fol._n the_o religion_n of_o protestant_n a_o safe_a way_n to_o salvation_n with_o a_o discourse_n of_o the_o apostolical_a institution_n of_o episcopacy_n by_o w._n chilligworth_n m._n a._n to_o which_o in_o this_o edition_n be_v add_v mr._n chillingworth_n letter_n show_v the_o reason_n why_o he_o leave_v popery_n fol._n the_o history_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n by_o w._n cambden_n king_n at_o arm_n the_o four_o edition_n fol._n dugdale_n monasticon_fw-la anglican_n '_o fol._n in_o three_o vol._n the_o work_n of_o the_o famous_a n._n machiavelli_n citizen_n and_o secretary_n of_o florence_n write_v original_o in_o italian_a and_o from_o thence_o new_o and_o faithful_o translate_v into_o english_a fol._n resolve_n divine_a moral_a and_o political_n by_o owen_n feltham_n esq_n the_o eleven_o edition_n amend_v fol._n with_o several_a other_o tract_n etc._n etc._n finis_fw-la

to_o show_v that_o the_o proceed_n of_o that_o court_n do_v not_o alter_v but_o interpret_v the_o law_n but_o admit_v the_o case_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o norkfolk_n to_o be_v law_n yet_o it_o concern_v not_o this_o because_o the_o sub_n marshal_v there_o be_v take_v as_o a_o deputy_n but_o there_o be_v no_o such_o officer_n as_o a_o sub-warden_n for_o duckenfield_n have_v it_o for_o life_n and_o then_o a_o deputy_n be_v a_o person_n removable_a at_o pleasure_n will_v not_o be_v so_o consider_v in_o law_n as_o one_o who_o have_v a_o more_o fix_a estate_n for_o have_v nothing_o to_o lose_v it_o can_v be_v intend_v that_o he_o will_v be_v so_o careful_a in_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o office_n as_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v reasonable_a in_o such_o case_n that_o the_o superior_a shall_v answer_v but_o he_o who_o have_v a_o freehold_a for_o life_n have_v a_o estate_n of_o some_o value_n in_o the_o law_n which_o he_o can_v be_v suppose_v easy_o to_o forfeit_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o he_o alone_o shall_v be_v liable_a for_o his_o own_o miscarriage_n for_o if_o the_o defendant_n shall_v be_v charge_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o grantee_n of_o the_o reversion_n may_v be_v charge_v who_o be_v altogether_o a_o innocent_a person_n and_o so_o may_v be_v liable_a to_o a_o vast_a sum_n for_o the_o fault_n of_o another_o for_o which_o reason_n he_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o defendant_n the_o court_n deliver_v no_o opinion_n this_o term_n judgement_n judgement_n but_o take_v time_n to_o advise_v and_o afterward_o in_o easter_n term_n follow_v rainsford_n chief_a justice_n deliver_v the_o opinion_n of_o twisden_n wild_n and_o jones_n justice_n who_o say_v they_o be_v all_o agreée_v in_o the_o main_a point_n but_o think_v the_o verdict_n imperfect_a and_o not_o to_o warrant_v the_o plaintiff_n case_n for_o he_o declare_v that_o at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o grant_n be_v make_v to_o duckenfield_n when_o the_o commitment_n be_v and_o when_o the_o escape_n be_v suffer_v and_o ever_o since_o that_o duckenfield_n be_v insufficient_a and_o not_o able_a to_o answer_v the_o plaintiff_n but_o the_o jury_n in_o the_o special_a verdict_n do_v not_o find_v the_o insufficiency_n at_o that_o time_n when_o this_o action_n be_v bring_v but_o as_o to_o the_o main_a question_n they_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o defendant_n be_v superior_a and_o that_o he_o be_v chargeable_a for_o this_o insufficiency_n of_o duckenfield_n but_o if_o he_o have_v be_v sufficient_a when_o the_o plaintiff_n bring_v this_o action_n it_o may_v have_v be_v otherwise_o but_o his_o inability_n be_v full_o aver_v in_o the_o declaration_n and_o the_o defendant_n deny_v it_o and_o the_o jury_n have_v find_v nothing_o against_o it_o but_o there_o be_v strong_a suspicion_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n the_o court_n will_v not_o make_v a_o intendment_n to_o the_o contrary_n the_o jury_n have_v find_v express_o that_o duckenfield_n be_v insufficient_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o escape_n which_o be_v within_o six_o week_n of_o the_o time_n when_o the_o action_n be_v commence_v so_o that_o have_v once_o find_v he_o disable_v unless_o it_o appear_v that_o he_o be_v of_o ability_n afterward_o the_o court_n will_v not_o intend_v he_o so_o but_o rather_o that_o he_o be_v insufficient_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o action_n bring_v for_o there_o be_v strong_a surmise_n of_o it_o and_o there_o be_v no_o ground_n within_o the_o record_n to_o intend_v he_o sufficient_a a_o fact_n may_v be_v collect_v that_o be_v not_o find_v in_o the_o verdict_n fulwoods_n case_n 4_o co._n the_o king_n versus_fw-la moor._n statute_n difference_n between_o a_o prohibitory_a clause_n and_o a_o clause_n which_o give_v a_o penalty_n in_o a_o statute_n a_o information_n be_v bring_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o four_o &_o 5_o of_o philip_n and_o mary_n cap._n 8._o which_o enact_v that_o if_o any_o person_n etc._n etc._n above_o the_o age_n of_o 14_o shall_v after_o the_o first_o day_n of_o april_n next_o after_o the_o make_v the_o statute_n unlawful_o take_v a_o maid_n or_o woman_n unmarried_a be_v within_o the_o age_n of_o 16_o year_n etc._n etc._n the_o party_n shall_v suffer_v two_o year_n imprisonment_n or_o pay_v such_o fine_a as_o shall_v be_v assess_v in_o the_o star_n chamber_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n existens_fw-la supra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la quatuordecim_fw-la annorum_fw-la do_v take_v a_o young_a maid_n away_o unmarried_a and_o keep_v she_o three_o day_n contra_fw-la formam_fw-la statuti_fw-la upon_o which_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a and_o now_o move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n 1._o it_o be_v say_v for_o the_o defendant_n that_o this_o court_n can_v not_o fine_a he_o upon_o this_o statute_n because_o when_o the_o informer_n entitle_v himself_o by_o a_o statute_n he_o must_v take_v the_o remedy_n therein_o prescribe_v and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o like_o a_o information_n at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o in_o such_o case_n this_o court_n may_v fine_a the_o plaintiff_n 2._o it_o be_v not_o aver_v that_o the_o party_n offend_v be_v above_o the_o age_n of_o 14_o year_n at_o the_o time_n of_o take_v but_o only_o that_o he_o be_v above_o the_o age_n of_o 14_o such_o a_o day_n do_v take_v 359._o where_o there_o be_v not_o negative_a word_n the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n be_v not_o restrain_v mod._n rep._n 34._o sid._n 359._o sir_n william_n jones_n contra_fw-la if_o the_o first_o objection_n have_v any_o weight_n in_o it_o it_o be_v to_o bring_v the_o party_n to_o a_o imprisonment_n for_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n which_o be_v a_o punishment_n direct_v by_o that_o statute_n but_o the_o fine_a be_v limit_v to_o the_o star_n chamber_n and_o those_o offence_n which_o be_v punishable_a there_o be_v likewise_o to_o be_v punish_v here_o because_o there_o be_v no_o negative_a word_n in_o this_o statute_n to_o abridge_v the_o authority_n of_o this_o court_n which_o be_v never_o restrain_v but_o when_o the_o statute_n direct_v before_o who_o the_o offence_n shall_v be_v try_v and_o not_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o my_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hales_n that_o where_o there_o be_v a_o prohibitory_a clause_n in_o a_o statute_n and_o another_o clause_n which_o give_v a_o penalty_n if_o the_o party_n will_v go_v upon_o the_o prohibitory_a clause_n postea_fw-la postea_fw-la he_o be_v not_o confine_v to_o the_o manner_n express_v in_o the_o statute_n but_o if_o he_o will_v go_v upon_o the_o penalty_n he_o must_v then_o pursue_v what_o the_o statute_n direct_v the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v but_o a_o declaration_n of_o the_o common_a law_n the_o second_o clause_n be_v introductive_a of_o a_o new_a law_n as_o to_o the_o court_n of_o star_n chamber_n but_o be_v not_o a_o restriction_n as_o to_o this_o court_n which_o may_v have_v punish_v the_o defendant_n if_o there_o have_v be_v no_o such_o law_n the_o first_o clause_n be_v prohibitory_a viz._n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o person_n to_o take_v away_o a_o maid_n unmarried_a and_o upon_o this_o clause_n this_o information_n be_v bring_v the_o second_o clause_n be_v distinct_a and_o direct_v the_o punishment_n viz._n upon_o conviction_n to_o suffer_v imprisonment_n for_o two_o year_n now_o by_o take_v away_o the_o court_n of_o star_n chamber_n this_o prohibitory_a clause_n be_v not_o repeal_v upon_o which_o a_o man_n may_v be_v indict_v without_o demand_v the_o penalty_n and_o the_o statute_n have_v direct_v that_o the_o offence_n shall_v be_v hear_v and_o determine_v before_o the_o king_n council_n in_o the_o star_n chamber_n or_o before_o the_o judge_n of_o assize_n and_o no_o negative_a word_n to_o restrain_v this_o court_n therefore_o the_o chief_a justice_n who_o be_v the_o judge_n of_o 463._o of_o cro._n car._n 463._o assize_n in_o the_o county_n of_o middlesex_n may_v hear_v and_o determine_v this_o offence_n and_o by_o consequence_n fine_a the_o party_n if_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a as_o to_o the_o second_o objection_n that_o it_o be_v not_o aver_v that_o the_o party_n offend_v be_v above_o the_o age_n of_o 14_o year_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o take_n it_o have_v be_v better_a if_o it_o have_v be_v say_v tunc_fw-la existen_v '_o supra_fw-la aetatem_fw-la quatuordecim_fw-la annorum_fw-la but_o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v well_o enough_o for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o be_v above_o the_o age_n of_o 14_o year_n such_o a_o day_n he_o do_v take_v etc._n etc._n so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v otherwise_o but_o that_o he_o be_v of_o such_o a_o age_n at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o maid_n be_v take_v and_o the_o jury_n find_v he_o guilty_a contra_fw-la formam_fw-la statuti_fw-la which_o may_v likewise_o be_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o first_o objection_n for_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a contra_fw-la formam_fw-la

inconvenient_a that_o the_o capias_fw-la against_o the_o defendant_n shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o new_a sheriff_n and_o not_o the_o supersedeas_fw-la which_o be_v to_o admit_v the_o charge_n and_o not_o the_o discharge_v westby_n case_n 3_o co._n 73._o and_o it_o be_v the_o constant_a practice_n not_o only_o to_o deliver_v the_o supersedeas_fw-la but_o the_o very_a book_n in_o which_o it_o be_v allow_v and_o this_o he_o say_v appear_v by_o the_o certificate_n of_o many_o vnder-sheriff_n which_o he_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n 2._o if_o the_o sheriff_n have_v a_o exigent_n against_o b._n who_o appear_v and_o bring_v a_o supersedeas_fw-la to_o the_o old_a sheriff_n and_o then_o a_o new_a sheriff_n be_v make_v if_o he_o have_v not_o the_o supersedeas_fw-la he_o may_v return_v he_o outlaw_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o exigent_n so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o judgement_n set_v aside_o for_o fraud_n or_o practice_n and_o a_o supersedeas_fw-la grant_v and_o the_o like_a in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o estrepment_n which_o be_v never_o return_v and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o endless_a work_n upon_o the_o come_n in_o of_o every_o sheriff_n to_o renew_v this_o writ_n as_o to_o the_o objection_n that_o the_o old_a sheriff_n may_v have_v occasion_n to_o plead_v it_o as_o often_o as_o such_o occasion_n happen_v he_o may_v have_v recourse_n to_o it_o in_o the_o office_n of_o the_o new_a sheriff_n and_o he_o can_v have_v no_o title_n to_o it_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o writ_n for_o that_o be_v vicecomiti_fw-la berks_n and_o not_o to_o he_o by_o express_a christian_n and_o surname_n and_o of_o that_o opinion_n be_v all_o the_o court_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_o nisi_fw-la causa_fw-la etc._n etc._n hamond_n versus_fw-la howel_n recorder_n of_o london_n 184._o a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v against_o a_o judge_n for_o what_o he_o do_v judicial_o though_o erroneous_o mod._n rep._n 184._o false_a imprisonment_n the_o defendant_n plead_v special_o the_o substance_n of_o which_o be_v that_o there_o be_v a_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n direct_v to_o he_o among_o other_o etc._n etc._n and_o that_o before_o he_o and_o the_o other_o commissioner_n mr._n penn_n and_o mr._n mead_n two_o preacher_n be_v indict_v for_o be_v at_o a_o conventicle_n to_o which_o indictment_n they_o plead_v not-guilty_a and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n whereof_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v one_o and_o that_o after_o the_o witness_n be_v swear_v and_o examine_v in_o the_o cause_n he_o and_o his_o fellow_n find_v the_o prisoner_n penn_n and_o mead_n not-guilty_a whereby_o they_o be_v acquit_v &_o quia_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n male_a se_fw-la gesserit_fw-la in_o acquit_v they_o both_o against_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n in_o matter_n of_o law_n and_o against_o plain_a evidence_n the_o defendant_n and_o the_o other_o commissioner_n then_o on_o the_o bench_n fine_v the_o jury_n 40_o mark_n apiece_o and_o for_o nonpayment_n commit_v they_o to_o newgate_n etc._n etc._n the_o plaintiff_n reply_v de_fw-fr injuria_fw-la sva_fw-la propria_fw-la absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o he_o and_o his_o fellow_n acquit_v penn_n and_o mead_n against_o evidence_n and_o to_o this_o the_o defendant_n demur_v sergeant_n goodfellow_n who_o will_v have_v argue_v for_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o he_o will_v not_o offer_v to_o speak_v to_o that_o point_n whether_o a_o judge_n can_v fine_v a_o jury_n for_o give_v a_o verdict_n contrary_n to_o evidence_n since_o the_o case_n be_v so_o late_o and_o solemn_o resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n in_o 146._o in_o vaugh._n 146._o bushel_n case_n that_o he_o can_v not_o fine_a a_o jury_n for_o so_o do_v but_o admit_v a_o judge_n can_v fine_v a_o jury_n yet_o if_o he_o do_v no_o action_n will_v lie_v against_o he_o for_o so_o do_v because_o it_o be_v do_v as_o a_o judge_n 12_o h._n 4._o 3._o 27_o ass_n pl._n 12._o 1._o 1_o roll._n abr._n 92._o litter_n q._n pl._n 1._o but_o the_o court_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o neéd_v not_o to_o labour_v that_o point_n but_o desire_v to_o hear_v the_o argument_n on_o the_o other_o side_n what_o can_v be_v say_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n sergeant_n newdigate_n argue_v that_o this_o action_n will_v lie_v 1._o it_o must_v be_v admit_v that_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o the_o jury_n be_v unlawful_a and_o then_o the_o consequence_n will_v be_v that_o all_o that_o be_v do_v at_o that_o time_n by_o the_o commissioner_n or_o judge_n be_v both_o against_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o other_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o petition_n of_o right_n etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o their_o proceed_n be_v void_a or_o at_o least_o very_a irregular_a to_o imprison_v a_o juryman_n without_o presentment_n or_o due_a process_n in_o law_n and_o consequent_o the_o party_n injure_v shall_v have_v a_o action_n for_o his_o false_a imprisonment_n in_o 10_o h._n 6._o f._n 17._o in_o a_o action_n bring_v for_o false_a imprisonment_n the_o defendant_n justify_v the_o commitment_n to_o be_v for_o suspicion_n of_o felony_n but_o because_o he_o do_v not_o show_v the_o ground_n of_o such_o suspicion_n the_o justification_n be_v not_o good_a the_o trial_n of_o penn_n and_o mead_n and_o all_o incident_n thereunto_o as_o swear_v the_o jury_n examine_v of_o the_o witness_n take_v of_o the_o verdict_n and_o acquit_v the_o prisoner_n be_v all_o within_o the_o commission_n but_o the_o fine_v of_o the_o jury_n and_o the_o imprison_n of_o they_o for_o nonpayment_n thereof_o be_v not_o justifiable_a by_o their_o commission_n and_o therefore_o what_o be_v do_v therein_o be_v not_o as_o commissioner_n or_o judge_n if_o this_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v then_o the_o party_n have_v a_o wrong_n do_v for_o which_o he_o can_v have_v no_o remedy_n for_o the_o order_n for_o pay_v of_o the_o fine_a be_v make_v at_o the_o old-bailey_n upon_o which_o no_o writ_n of_o error_n will_v lie_v and_o though_o the_o objection_n that_o no_o action_n will_v lie_v against_o a_o judge_n of_o record_n for_o what_o he_o do_v quatenus_fw-la a_o judge_n be_v great_a the_o reason_n of_o which_o be_v because_o the_o king_n himself_o be_v the_o jure_v to_o do_v justice_n to_o his_o subject_n and_o because_o he_o can_v distribute_v it_o himself_o to_o all_o person_n he_o do_v therefore_o delegate_v his_o power_n to_o his_o judge_n and_o if_o they_o misbehave_v themselves_o the_o king_n himself_o shall_v call_v they_o to_o account_n and_o no_o other_o person_n 12_o co._n 24_o 25._o but_o that_o concern_v not_o this_o case_n because_o what_o be_v do_v here_o be_v not_o warrant_v by_o the_o commission_n and_o therefore_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o act_v as_o a_o judge_n and_o this_o difference_n have_v be_v take_v and_o allow_v that_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o officer_n if_o the_o court_n have_v jurisdiction_n of_o the_o cause_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v against_o he_o for_o do_v what_o be_v contrary_a to_o his_o duty_n but_o if_o all_o the_o proceéding_n be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la and_o so_o void_a a_o action_n do_v lie_v 10_o co._n 77._o so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n or_o constable_n where_o he_o excee_v his_o particular_a jurisdiction_n so_o if_o a_o judge_n of_o nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la do_v any_o thing_n not_o warrant_v by_o his_o commission_n it_o be_v void_a and_o that_o the_o commissioner_n here_o have_v no_o power_n to_o impose_v this_o fine_a he_o argue_v from_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o pretend_a offence_n which_o be_v neither_o a_o crime_n or_o in_o any_o wise_a punishable_a because_o what_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v be_v upon_o his_o oath_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v in_o the_o case_n 131._o case_n bridgman_n 131._o agard_n and_o wild_n that_o a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v against_o one_o of_o the_o grand_a jury_n after_o a_o acquittal_n for_o procure_v one_o to_o be_v indict_v for_o barratry_n because_o he_o be_v upon_o his_o oath_n and_o it_o can_v be_v presume_v that_o what_o he_o do_v be_v in_o malice_n the_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la give_v the_o party_n liberty_n but_o no_o recompense_n for_o his_o imprisonment_n that_o must_v be_v by_o a_o action_n of_o false_a imprisonment_n if_o otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v a_o failure_n of_o justice_n and_o it_o may_v encourage_v the_o judge_n to_o act_v ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la especial_o in_o inferior_a court_n where_o mayor_n and_o bailiff_n may_v punish_v jury_n at_o their_o pleasure_n which_o will_v not_o only_o be_v a_o grievance_n to_o the_o subject_a but_o a_o prejudice_n to_o the_o king_n himself_o because_o no_o jury_n will_v appear_v where_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o such_o arbitrary_a proceed_n a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n lie_v against_o a_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n for_o refuse_v to_o take_v a_o oath_n of_o a_o robbery_n commit_v 1_o leon._n 323._o

and_o yet_o it_o be_v object_v that_o there_o he_o be_v a_o judge_n quaere_fw-la brook_n 204._o march_n 117._o for_o which_o reason_n he_o pray_v judgement_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n curia_fw-la curia_fw-la but_o the_o whole_a court_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o bring_n of_o this_o action_n be_v a_o great_a offence_n that_o fine_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o commit_v of_o he_o for_o nonpayment_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o bold_a attempt_n both_o against_o the_o government_n and_o justice_n in_o general_n the_o court_n at_o the_o old-bailey_n have_v jurisdiction_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o may_v try_v it_o and_o have_v power_n to_o punish_v a_o misdemeanour_n in_o the_o jury_n they_o think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o misdemeanour_n in_o the_o jury_n to_o acquit_v the_o prisoner_n which_o in_o truth_n be_v not_o so_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o error_n in_o their_o judgement_n for_o which_o no_o action_n will_v lie_v how_o often_o be_v judgement_n give_v in_o this_o court_n reverse_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o because_o the_o judge_n have_v be_v mistake_v in_o such_o judgement_n must_v that_o needs_o be_v against_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o petition_n of_o right_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a these_o be_v mighty_a word_n in_o sound_n but_o nothing_o to_o the_o matter_n there_o have_v not_o be_v one_o case_n put_v which_o carry_v any_o resemblance_n with_o this_o those_o of_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o mayor_n of_o corporation_n be_v weak_a instance_n neither_o have_v any_o authority_n be_v urge_v of_o a_o action_n bring_v against_o a_o judge_n of_o record_n for_o do_v any_o thing_n quatenus_fw-la a_o judge_n that_o offence_n in_o juryman_n may_v be_v punish_v without_o presentment_n be_v no_o new_a doctrine_n as_o if_o they_o shall_v either_o eat_v or_o drink_v before_o they_o give_v their_o verdict_n or_o for_o any_o contempt_n whatsoever_o but_o it_o be_v a_o new_a doctrine_n to_o say_v that_o if_o a_o fine_a be_v set_v on_o a_o juryman_n at_o the_o old-bailey_n he_o have_v no_o remedy_n but_o to_o pay_v it_o for_o a_o certiorari_fw-la may_v be_v bring_v to_o remove_v the_o order_n by_o which_o it_o be_v impose_v and_o it_o may_v be_v discharge_v if_o the_o court_n think_v fit_a as_o to_o what_o have_v be_v object_v concern_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a that_o be_v abundant_o secure_v by_o the_o law_n already_o a_o judge_n can_v impose_v upon_o a_o jury_n for_o give_v their_o verdict_n contrary_a to_o evidence_n if_o he_o do_v any_o thing_n unjust_o or_o corrupt_o complaint_n may_v be_v make_v to_o the_o king_n in_o who_o name_n judgement_n be_v give_v and_o the_o judge_n be_v by_o he_o delegated_a to_o do_v justice_n but_o if_o there_o be_v error_n in_o their_o judgement_n as_o here_o it_o be_v void_a and_o therefore_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n may_v refuse_v to_o issue_v process_n upon_o it_o and_o there_o need_v no_o writ_n of_o error_n for_o the_o very_a estreat_n will_v be_v vacate_v though_o the_o defendant_n here_o act_v erroneous_o yet_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n carry_v great_a colour_n with_o it_o because_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v very_o inconvenient_a for_o the_o jury_n to_o have_v such_o liberty_n as_o to_o give_v what_o verdict_n they_o please_v so_o that_o though_o they_o be_v mistake_v yet_o they_o act_v judicial_o and_o for_o that_o reason_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v against_o the_o defendant_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_o the_o case_n of_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o fleet._n complaint_n be_v make_v by_o sergeant_n turner_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o parishioner_n of_o st._n bride_n london_n against_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o fleet_n and_o his_o prisoner_n for_o that_o he_o suffer_v several_a of_o they_o to_o be_v without_o the_o wall_n of_o his_o prison_n in_o tavern_n and_o other_o house_n adjoin_v to_o the_o prison_n and_o front_a fleet-ditch_n where_o they_o commit_v disorder_n and_o when_o the_o constable_n come_v to_o keep_v the_o peace_n and_o to_o execute_v a_o warrant_n under_o the_o hand_n and_o seal_n of_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n they_o come_v in_o a_o tumultuous_a manner_n and_o hinder_v the_o execution_n of_o justice_n and_o rescue_v the_o offender_n and_o often_o beat_v the_o officer_n the_o warden_n often_o let_v out_o 20_o or_o 30_o of_o his_o prisoner_n upon_o any_o such_o occasion_n to_o inflame_v the_o disorder_n it_o be_v pray_v therefore_o that_o this_o court_n to_o which_o the_o prison_n of_o the_o fleet_n do_v immediate_o relate_v may_v give_v such_o direction_n to_o the_o warden_n that_o these_o mischief_n for_o the_o future_a may_v be_v prevent_v and_o that_o the_o court_n will_v declare_v those_o house_n out_o of_o the_o prison_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n the_o court_n be_v all_o of_o opinion_n but_o justice_n atkins_n curia_fw-la curia_fw-la who_o doubt_v that_o nothing_o can_v proper_o be_v call_v the_o prison_n of_o the_o fleet_n which_o be_v not_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o prison_n and_o that_o the_o warden_n can_v pretend_v a_o exemption_n from_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v out_o of_o the_o prison_n wall_n though_o house_n may_v be_v build_v upon_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o fleet_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n be_v more_o to_o be_v value_v than_o such_o a_o private_a right_n but_o justice_n atkyns_n say_v if_o such_o place_n be_v within_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o fleet_n he_o will_v not_o give_v the_o civil_a magistrate_n a_o jurisdiction_n in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o warden_n but_o think_v it_o may_v be_v fit_a for_o the_o court_n to_o consider_v upon_o what_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o the_o warden_n of_o the_o fleet_n apply_v such_o house_n to_o any_o other_o use_n than_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o prisoner_n whereupon_o the_o court_n appoint_v the_o prothonotary_n to_o go_v thither_o and_o give_v they_o a_o account_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o they_o will_v take_v far_a order_n in_o it_o st._n marry_o magdalen_n bermondsey_n church_n in_o southwark_n in_o scaccario_n 236._o rate_v for_o building_n a_o church_n shall_v be_v set_v by_o the_o parishioner_n jones_n 89._o mod._n rep._n 236._o in_o a_o prohibition_n it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o whole_a court_n that_o if_o a_o church_n be_v so_o much_o out_o of_o repair_n that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o pull_v it_o down_o and_o that_o it_o can_v be_v otherwise_o repair_v that_o in_o such_o case_n upon_o a_o general_a warning_n or_o notice_n give_v to_o the_o parishioner_n much_o more_o if_o there_o be_v notice_n give_v from_o house_n to_o house_n the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o parishioner_n then_o present_a and_o meeting_n according_a to_o such_o notice_n may_v make_v a_o rate_n for_o pull_v down_o of_o the_o church_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o building_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o old_a foundation_n and_o for_o make_v of_o vault_n where_o they_o be_v necessary_a as_o they_o be_v in_o this_o church_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o spring_a water_n and_o though_o the_o rate_v be_v high_a than_o the_o money_n pay_v for_o do_v all_o this_o yet_o it_o be_v good_a and_o the_o churchwarden_n be_v chargeable_a for_o the_o overplus_n they_o not_o be_v able_a to_o compute_v to_o a_o shilling_n that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o parishioner_n refuse_v to_o pay_v their_o proportion_n according_a to_o the_o rate_n they_o may_v be_v libel_v against_o in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o if_o the_o libel_n allege_v the_o rate_n to_o be_v pro_fw-la reparatione_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la general_o though_o in_o strictness_n ecclesia_fw-la contain_v both_o the_o body_n and_o chancel_n of_o the_o church_n yet_o by_o the_o opinion_n both_o of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n and_o of_o the_o exchequer_n it_o shall_v be_v intend_v that_o the_o rate_n be_v only_o for_o the_o body_n of_o the_o church_n but_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v make_v appear_v clear_o that_o the_o rate_n be_v only_o for_o the_o body_n and_o that_o the_o minister_n be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o chancel_n and_o both_o court_v agree_v that_o when_o a_o prohibition_n be_v move_v and_o desire_v on_o purpose_n to_o stop_v so_o good_a a_o work_n as_o the_o building_n a_o church_n the_o court_n will_v not_o compel_v the_o party_n to_o take_v issue_n upon_o the_o suggestion_n when_o upon_o examination_n they_o find_v it_o to_o be_v false_a and_o therefore_o will_v not_o grant_v a_o prohibition_n for_o if_o the_o rate_v be_v undue_o impose_v the_o party_n grieve_v have_v a_o remedy_n in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n or_o may_v appeal_v if_o there_o be_v a_o sentence_n against_o he_o the_o bishop_n or_o his_o chancellor_n can_v set_v a_o rate_n upon_o a_o parish_n but_o it_o must_v be_v do_v by_o the_o parishioner_n themselves_o

but_o it_o be_v deny_v for_o the_o court_n agree_v the_o writ_n well_o issue_v some_o have_v make_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o the_o common_a plea_n as_o if_o a_o execution_n may_v go_v into_o wales_n upon_o a_o judgement_n obtain_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n but_o aliter_fw-la if_z in_o the_o common-plea_n but_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o in_o both_o court_n mich._n 1653._o between_o wyn_n and_o griffith_n this_o very_a case_n come_v in_o question_n and_o there_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o execution_n go_v into_o wales_n as_o well_o as_o into_o any_o part_n of_o england_n upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o the_o court_n of_o westminster_n in_o 2_o bulstr_n 54._o hall_n versus_fw-la rotheram_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o ca._n sa_o shall_v go_v into_o wales_n against_o the_o bail_n upon_o a_o judgement_n recover_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n here_o against_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o same_o opinion_n be_v justice_n atkins_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n can_v aver_v against_o the_o sheriff_n return_v nor_o a_o bishop_n certificate_n and_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v give_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o 2_o inst_z 452._o for_o the_o sheriff_n be_v but_o a_o officer_n and_o have_v no_o day_n in_o court_n to_o justify_v his_o return_n in_o special_a case_n exception_n may_v be_v make_v to_o the_o sheriff_n return_v but_o this_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o special_a provision_n that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o do_v of_o it_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o w._n 2._o cap._n 39_o as_o in_o case_n too_o small_a issue_n be_v return_v or_o that_o the_o sheriff_n return_v a_o rescous_a the_o party_n in_o his_o averment_n must_v allege_v of_o what_o value_n the_o issue_n be_v 2_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o common_a saying_n breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la in_o walliam_n yet_o a_o fi._n fa._n ca._n sa._n or_o any_o execution_n whatsoever_o may_v issue_v into_o wales_n upon_o a_o judgement_n obtain_v here_o and_o to_o prove_v this_o he_o consider_v 1._o how_o wales_n former_o stand_v in_o relation_n to_o england_n 2._o how_o it_o stand_v before_o it_o be_v unite_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o h._n 8._o 3._o how_o it_o now_o stand_v since_o the_o union_n 1._o and_o as_o to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o england_n and_o wales_n be_v once_o but_o one_o nation_n they_o use_v the_o same_o language_n law_n and_o religion_n and_o so_o continue_v till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_a conquest_n before_o which_o they_o be_v both_o comprehend_v under_o one_o name_n viz._n the_o isle_n of_o great_a britain_n but_o when_o the_o roman_n come_v those_o britain_n who_o will_v not_o submit_v to_o their_o yoke_n betake_v themselves_o to_o such_o place_n where_o they_o think_v themselves_o most_o secure_a which_o be_v the_o mountain_n in_o wales_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v again_o soon_o after_o the_o roman_n be_v drive_v away_o by_o their_o dissension_n here_o and_o then_o these_o britain_n enjoy_v their_o ancient_a right_n as_o before_o after_o this_o come_v the_o saxon_n and_o give_v they_o another_o disturbance_n and_o then_o the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v into_o a_o heptarchy_n and_o then_o also_o and_o not_o till_o then_o begin_v the_o welsh_a to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o english_a but_o yet_o at_o that_o time_n they_o have_v great_a possession_n in_o england_n viz._n gloucester_n part_n of_o worcester_n hereford_n shrewsbury_n which_o they_o keep_v till_o king_n offa_n drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o plain_a country_n and_o make_v they_o fly_v for_o shelter_n into_o those_o mountainous_a part_n in_o wales_n where_o they_o now_o continue_v cambden_n 15._o and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o though_o wales_n have_v king_n and_o prince_n yet_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v superiority_n over_o they_o for_o to_o he_o they_o be_v homager_n cambden_n 67._o the_o word_n princeps_fw-la imply_v a_o subordinate_a dignity_n selden_n title_n of_o honour_n 593._o 2_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o separation_n wales_n have_v distinct_a law_n and_o custom_n from_o those_o in_o england_n whence_o that_o say_n take_v its_o effect_n viz._n breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la in_o walliam_n yet_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n before_o that_o time_n make_v law_n to_o bind_v wales_n as_o the_o act_n of_o 25_o edw._n 1._o for_o confirmation_n of_o the_o old_a great_a charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o forest_n which_o enact_v that_o certain_a duty_n shall_v be_v pay_v for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n etc._n etc._n export_v out_o of_o wales_n 2_o inst_z 531._o so_o the_o statute_n 3_o edw._n 1._o cap._n 17._o which_o give_v remedy_n if_o a_o distress_n be_v take_v and_o detain_v in_o a_o castle_n and_o upon_o deliverance_n demand_v by_o the_o sheriff_n if_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o castle_n shall_v refuse_v he_o may_v raise_v the_o posse_fw-la comitatus_fw-la and_o beat_v down_o the_o castle_n and_o if_o such_o detainer_n or_o refusal_n be_v in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n the_o king_n as_o the_o statute_n say_v be_v sovereign_a lord_n of_o all_o and_o shall_v do_v right_a upon_o complaint_n and_o the_o conquest_n be_v not_o make_v till_o 9_o e._n 1._o so_o that_o at_o that_o time_n likewise_o though_o wales_n have_v prince_n of_o its_o own_o 400._o vaugh._n 400._o yet_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v sovereign_n to_o those_o prince_n and_o though_o they_o have_v law_n of_o their_o own_o yet_o be_v they_o bind_v by_o those_o that_o be_v make_v here_o and_o though_o their_o prince_n have_v ordinary_a remedial_a writ_n yet_o in_o case_n extraordinary_a the_o king_n writ_n here_o run_v into_o wales_n and_o it_o be_v not_o for_o want_v of_o power_n but_o because_o there_o be_v no_o need_n for_o that_o it_o go_v so_o seldom_o and_o when_o the_o king_n writ_n do_v issue_v it_o be_v necessary_a to_o direct_v it_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o a_o english_a county_n for_o wales_n be_v not_o then_o divide_v into_o shire_n but_o afterward_o by_o the_o act_n call_v statutum_n walliae_fw-la 12_o edw._n 1._o 239._o 1._o 2_o inst_z 195._o 4_o inst_z 239._o it_o be_v divide_v into_o six_o county_n and_o then_o again_o by_o the_o act_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o cap._n 26._o it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o other_o six_o county_n but_o during_o this_o time_n there_o be_v frequent_a hostility_n between_o england_n and_o wales_n until_o by_o the_o conquest_n in_o edw._n 1._o time_n they_o be_v unite_v it_o be_v pretend_v that_o h._n 3._o father_n to_o edw._n 1._o be_v the_o conqueror_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a something_o considerable_a may_v be_v do_v in_o his_o time_n yet_o the_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a dominion_n be_v make_v by_o edw._n 1._o in_o who_o time_n the_o aforesaid_a statutum_n walliae_n be_v make_v 415._o vaugh._n 414_o 415._o and_o after_o that_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o to_o complete_a the_o union_n the_o end_n of_o which_o be_v declare_v to_o bring_v the_o subject_n of_o both_o to_o a_o entire_a unity_n and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v do_v with_o effect_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v execute_v there_o 54._o ●_o bul_v 54._o for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v hold_v in_o 5_o co._n rep._n vaughan_n case_n fol._n 49._o that_o the_o statute_n of_o jeofail_n do_v extend_v to_o wales_n and_o in_o 2_o bulstr_n 156._o debate_n 156._o this_o be_v a_o resolution_n upon_o no_o debate_n the_o sheriff_n of_o radnor_n upon_o a_o scire_fw-la fac_n direct_v to_o he_o return_v breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o be_v amerce_v 10_o l._n for_o his_o false_a return_n vide_fw-la 19_o h_n 6._o 20._o fitzherb_n trial_n pl._n 40._o tit_n jurisdiction_n 13_o e._n 3._o 23_o 24_o 34._o idem_fw-la brief_a 621._o &_o assize_n 382._o it_o be_v object_v that_o by_o express_a provision_n in_o 1_o e._n 6._o cap._n 10._o exigent_n and_o proclamation_n shall_v be_v award_v out_o of_o the_o court_n of_o westminster_n into_o wales_n which_o if_o they_o may_v before_o this_o law_n be_v then_o needless_a it_o be_v true_a the_o opinion_n of_o the_o parliament_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o this_o particular_a provision_n such_o proclamation_n may_v not_o have_v issue_v for_o by_o 6_o h._n 8._o cap._n 4._o 414._o vaugh._n 414._o such_o proclamation_n go_v but_o to_o the_o next_o county_n but_o they_o do_v not_o declare_v so_o and_o perhaps_o they_o may_v ground_v themselves_o upon_o that_o vulgar_a error_n breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la in_o walliam_n which_o be_v not_o true_a unless_o the_o clause_n be_v limit_v to_o original_a writ_n only_o objection_n that_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o el._n cap._n 23._o which_o enact_v that_o the_o excommunicato_fw-la capiendo_fw-la shall_v be_v return_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n

and_o take_v notice_n that_o this_o writ_n be_v not_o returnable_a into_o that_o court_n from_o wales_n and_o therefore_o order_n that_o the_o significant_fw-la shall_v be_v send_v by_o mittimus_fw-la out_o of_o the_o chancery_n to_o the_o chief_a justice_n there_o and_o give_v they_o power_n to_o make_v process_n to_o inferior_a officer_n returnable_a before_o they_o at_o their_o session_n for_o the_o due_a execution_n of_o this_o writ_n all_o which_o have_v be_v in_o vain_a if_o the_o capias_fw-la may_v go_v into_o wales_n before_o the_o make_v this_o act._n answ_n but_o that_o be_v a_o original_a writ_n and_o so_o come_v not_o up_o to_o this_o case_n wyndham_n justice_n agree_v in_o omnibus_fw-la and_o say_v that_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o ed._n 6._o be_v very_o needful_a for_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v outlaw_v if_o the_o process_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o the_o next_o adjoin_v county_n in_o england_n he_o can_v not_o have_v any_o notice_n that_o he_o be_v outlaw_v and_o so_o can_v not_o tell_v when_o oulawed_a or_o at_o who_o suit_n vaughan_n late_a lord_n chief_a justice_n hold_v strong_o 194._o vaugh._n 395._o 2_o saund._n 194._o that_o no_o execucution_n will_v go_v into_o wales_n when_o this_o case_n be_v argue_v before_o he_o and_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n be_v justice_n twisden_n williamson_n versus_fw-la hancock_n 192._o collateral_a warranty_n mod._n rep._n 192._o a_o special_a verdict_n be_v find_v in_o a_o ejectment_n where_o the_o case_n be_v richard_n lock_v the_o father_n be_v tenant_n for_o life_n with_o remainder_n in_o tail_n to_o richard_n his_o son_n remainder_n to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o father_n who_o levy_v a_o fine_a with_o warranty_n to_o the_o use_n of_o susan_n and_o hannah_n prinn_n in_o feé_n they_o by_o bargain_n and_o sale_n convey_v their_o estate_n to_o the_o defendant_n the_o son_n in_o his_o father_n life_n time_n before_o the_o warranty_n attach_v come_v of_o full_a age_n the_o father_n die_v the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o son_n entry_n be_v bar_v by_o this_o collateral_a warranty_n thus_o descend_v and_o the_o three_o justice_n absente_a north_n chief_a justice_n be_v clear_a of_o opinion_n that_o the_o collateral_a waranty_n be_v a_o bar_n to_o the_o son_n and_o so_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o defendant_n ellis_n justice_n hold_v that_o his_o entry_n be_v take_v away_o for_o in_o every_o warranty_n two_o thing_n be_v imply_v a_o voucher_n and_o rebutter_n he_o that_o come_v in_o by_o vourcher_n call_v the_o person_n into_o court_n who_o be_v bind_v in_o the_o warranty_n to_o defend_v his_o right_n or_o yield_v he_o other_o land_n in_o recompense_n and_o must_v come_v in_o by_o privity_n but_o if_o a_o man_n have_v the_o estate_n though_o he_o come_v in_o the_o post_n he_o may_v rebut_n that_o be_v he_o may_v repel_v the_o action_n of_o the_o heir_n by_o the_o warranty_n of_o his_o ancestor_n without_o show_v how_o the_o estate_n come_v to_o he_o fitzh_n nat._n br._n 135._o in_o a_o formedon_n in_o the_o discend_a to_o say_v the_o ancestor_n enfeoff_v j.s._n with_o warranty_n without_o show_v how_o j._n s._n come_v by_o his_o estate_n be_v good_a object_n it_o be_v object_v by_o sergeant_n maynard_n that_o no_o person_n can_v take_v advantage_n of_o a_o warranty_n who_o come_v in_o by_o way_n of_o use_n as_o in_o this_o case_n answ_n but_o it_o be_v express_o resolve_v otherwise_o in_o lincoln_n college_n case_n 3_o co._n 62._o b._n and_o the_o prinn_n in_o this_o case_n come_v in_o by_o limitation_n and_o act_n of_o the_o party_n and_o the_o defendant_n who_o have_v the_o reversion_n likewise_o by_o limitation_n of_o use_n though_o he_o be_v in_o the_o post_n shall_v take_v benefit_n of_o the_o warranty_n as_o assignee_n within_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o 181._o mod._n rep._n 181._o c._n 34._o and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o fowl_n and_o dobles_z case_n in_o this_o court_n that_o he_o who_o come_v in_o by_o way_n of_o use_n may_v rebut_n and_o justice_n jones_n in_o his_o report_n fol._n 199._o affirm_v the_o four_o resolution_n in_o lincoln_n college_n case_n to_o be_v law_n it_o be_v former_o object_v by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n vaughan_n that_o this_o warranty_n go_v only_o to_o the_o heir_n not_o to_o the_o assign_v and_o here_o the_o estate_n be_v convey_v by_o the_o two_o prinn_n before_o the_o warranty_n attach_v answ_n but_o when_o the_o estate_n pass_v the_o warranty_n and_o covenant_n follow_v and_o the_o assignée_n shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n thereof_o though_o not_o name_v and_o so_o be_v the_o authority_n of_o 38_o e._n 3._o 26._o if_o a_o warranty_n be_v make_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o heir_n the_o assigneé_n though_o not_o name_v shall_v rebutt_n but_o he_o can_v vouch._n so_o if_o a._n enfeoff_v b._n with_o warranty_n and_o b._n enfeoff_v c._n without_o deed_n c._n shall_v vouch_v a._n as_o assigneé_v of_o the_o land_n of_o b._n for_o the_o warranty_n can_v be_v assign_v in_o this_o case_n though_o the_o warranty_n do_v not_o attach_v before_o the_o estate_n in_o the_o land_n be_v transfer_v yet_o if_o it_o attach_v afterward_o it_o be_v well_o enough_o and_o he_o who_o have_v the_o possession_n shall_v rebutt_o the_o demandant_n without_o show_v how_o he_o come_v by_o the_o possession_n if_o a_o warranty_n be_v to_o one_o and_o his_o heir_n without_o the_o word_n assign_v the_o assignée_n indeéd_v not_o vouch_v but_o he_o may_v 384._o may_v 1_o inst_z 265._o a_o 384._o rebutt_n for_o rebutter_n be_v so_o incident_a to_o a_o warranty_n that_o a_o condition_n not_o to_o rebutt_n be_v void_a in_o law_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o of_o a_o condition_n not_o to_o vouch_v for_o in_o such_o case_n you_o may_v rebutt_n it_o be_v true_a it_o have_v be_v a_o opinion_n that_o he_o who_o claim_v above_o the_o warranty_n if_o it_o be_v not_o attach_v can_v take_v benefit_n of_o it_o by_o way_n of_o vourcher_n or_o rebbutter_n as_o if_o tenant_n in_o dower_n make_v a_o feoffment_n to_o a_o villain_n with_o warranty_n and_o the_o lord_n enter_v upon_o he_o before_o the_o descent_n of_o the_o warranty_n the_o villain_n can_v never_o take_v advantage_n of_o this_o warranty_n by_o way_n of_o rebutter_n because_o the_o lord_n title_n be_v paramount_n the_o warranty_n and_o he_o come_v not_o under_o his_o estate_n to_o who_o the_o warranty_n be_v make_v if_o land_n be_v give_v to_o two_o brother_n in_o feé_n with_o warranty_n to_o the_o elder_a and_o his_o heir_n the_o elder_a die_v without_o issue_n the_o survivor_n shall_v not_o take_v benefit_n by_o this_o warranty_n for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a but_o in_o the_o case_n at_o barr_n the_o warranty_n be_v collateral_a and_o annex_v to_o the_o land_n go_v with_o the_o estate_n and_o whilst_o that_o continue_v the_o party_n may_v vouch_v or_o rebutt_n so_o here_o the_o defendant_n though_o he_o be_v only_a tenant_n at_o will_n for_o the_o estate_n be_v in_o the_o bargainors_n and_o their_o heir_n there_o be_v no_o execucution_n of_o it_o either_o by_o livery_n or_o enrolment_n yet_o he_o may_v rebutt_n justice_n atkins_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n that_o by_o this_o collateral_a warranty_n the_o entry_n of_o the_o lessor_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v take_v away_o for_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o collateral_a warranty_n to_o be_v a_o bar_n a_o 4._o a_o jones_n rep._n 199_o 200._o 1_o inst_z 366_o 385._o 25_o h._n 6._o 63._o bro._n gar._n 4._o right_n be_v bind_v by_o it_o it_o extinguish_v a_o right_a it_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o land_n and_o run_v with_o it_o if_o then_o a_o collateral_a warranty_n be_v of_o this_o nature_n it_o be_v against_o all_o reason_n that_o he_o who_o be_v thus_o bind_v shall_v make_v any_o title_n to_o the_o land_n but_o it_o be_v very_o reasonable_a that_o he_o who_o come_v in_o quasi_fw-la by_o that_o estate_n shall_v defend_v his_o title_n the_o opinion_n of_o justice_n jones_n and_o justice_n crook_n in_o the_o case_n of_o 368._o of_o cro._n car._n 368._o spirit_n and_o bence_n have_v occasion_v this_o doubt_n the_o case_n be_v short_o thus_o cann_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n have_v three_o son_n thomas_n francis_n and_o henry_n and_o devise_v land_n to_o the_o two_o elder_a in_o tail_n and_o to_o henry_n the_o meadow_n call_v warhay_n which_o be_v the_o land_n in_o question_n but_o do_v not_o limit_v what_o estate_n he_o shall_v have_v in_o it_o then_o he_o add_v these_o word_n viz._n also_o i_o will_v that_o he_o shall_v enjoy_v all_o bargain_n i_o have_v of_o webb_n to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o for_o want_v of_o heir_n of_o his_o bargain_n his_o notwithstanding_o the_o word_n body_n he_o have_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n in_o warhay_n for_o that_o

can_v not_o possible_o secure_v they_o in_o his_o own_o house_n without_o subject_v himself_o to_o a_o action_n and_o a_o award_n that_o one_o man_n shall_v take_v the_o good_n of_o another_o be_v void_a but_o if_o the_o plea_n be_v not_o good_a yet_o if_o the_o vmpirage_n be_v naught_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v give_v for_o the_o defendant_n for_o the_o advantage_n be_v save_v to_o he_o upon_o the_o demurrer_n and_o as_o to_o that_o the_o vmpirage_n be_v but_o of_o one_o side_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v to_o do_v nothing_o nor_o be_v the_o defendant_n to_o be_v acquit_v of_o all_o suit_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n council_n that_o the_o vmpirage_n be_v of_o both_o side_n for_o there_o be_v suit_n depend_v it_o be_v award_v that_o each_o shall_v bear_v his_o own_o charge_n which_o be_v a_o benefit_n to_o the_o defendant_n for_o otherwise_o see_v the_o right_n be_v in_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o defendant_n shall_v have_v pay_v the_o plaintiff_n cost_v as_o well_o as_o his_o own_o for_o which_o he_o can_v now_o sue_v without_o forfeit_v his_o bond_n curia_fw-la advisare_fw-la vult_fw-la squibb_n versus_fw-la hole_n the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o escape_n escape_n escape_v action_n of_o escape_n the_o process_n be_v upon_o bond_n not_o make_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o a_o inferior_a court_n and_o therefore_o no_o escape_n and_o declare_v that_o he_o prosecute_v one_o j._n s._n in_o the_o court_n of_o ely_n upon_o a_o bond_n make_v infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la of_o that_o court_n upon_o which_o he_o be_v take_v and_o the_o defendant_n suffer_v he_o to_o escape_v upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v the_o jury_n find_v a_o special_a verdict_n to_o this_o effect_n viz._n that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o bond_n upon_o which_o there_o be_v such_o a_o prosecution_n and_o such_o a_o escape_n as_o in_o the_o declaration_n but_o they_o find_v far_o that_o this_o bond_n be_v not_o make_v infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la curiae_fw-la maynard_n sergeant_n who_o argue_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n say_v that_o this_o action_n be_v commence_v in_o a_o inferior_a court_n upon_o a_o bond_n which_o the_o plaintiff_n set_v forth_o to_o be_v infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la curiae_fw-la and_o that_o the_o defendant_n be_v arrest_v and_o suffer_v to_o escape_v and_o whether_o if_o in_o truth_n the_o bond_n be_v not_o make_v infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la a_o action_n of_o escape_n will_v lie_v or_o whether_o all_o the_o proceéding_n be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la be_v the_o doubt_n he_o take_v a_o difference_n where_o a_o inferior_a court_n have_v a_o original_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o have_v conusance_n of_o such_o a_o suit_n as_o be_v bring_v there_o for_o in_o such_o case_n the_o proceed_n be_v not_o extra-judicial_a but_o if_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v where_o proper_o no_o action_n do_v lie_v all_o the_o proceed_n there_o be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la at_o the_o common_a law_n one_o who_o have_v a_o particular_a jurisdiction_n to_o hold_v plea_n within_o a_o liberty_n can_v not_o hold_v any_o plea_n of_o a_o thing_n which_o do_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o liberty_n for_o though_o it_o be_v transitory_a in_o its_o nature_n yet_o be_v allege_v not_o within_o his_o jurisdiction_n it_o be_v ill_a 2_o inst_z 231._o but_o when_o the_o cause_n of_o action_n arise_v infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la that_o give_v they_o authority_n to_o proceed_v and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a that_o the_o judge_n and_o officer_n shall_v be_v punish_v by_o a_o construction_n to_o make_v all_o extra_fw-la judicial_a when_o they_o have_v no_o possible_a way_n of_o find_v whether_o in_o truth_n the_o cause_n do_v arise_v within_o the_o goodwin_n the_o post_n crowder_n and_o goodwin_n jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n or_o not_o but_o the_o officer_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v the_o process_n of_o the_o court_n if_o it_o appear_v as_o in_o this_o case_n that_o they_o have_v conusance_n of_o it_o the_o judge_n be_v likewise_o bind_v to_o grant_v the_o process_n otherwise_o he_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o plaintiff_n action_n for_o his_o refusal_n in_o some_o case_n the_o plaintiff_n himself_o may_v not_o know_v where_o the_o bond_n be_v make_v as_o if_o he_o be_v executor_n of_o the_o obligee_n etc._n etc._n beside_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v set_v forth_o that_o in_o the_o action_n below_o the_o defendant_n plead_v non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la and_o so_o have_v admit_v the_o jurisdiction_n or_o at_o least_o have_v waive_v it_o and_o it_o will_v be_v a_o insufferable_a mischief_n if_o after_o all_o this_o labour_n and_o charge_v the_o defendant_n may_v avoid_v all_o again_o north_n chief_a justice_n say_v that_o if_o this_o cause_n have_v be_v try_v before_o he_o he_o will_v have_v nonsuited_a the_o plaintiff_n because_o he_o have_v not_o prove_v the_o truth_n of_o what_o he_o lay_v down_o in_o his_o declaration_n viz._n that_o the_o bond_n be_v make_v infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la curiae_fw-la but_o as_o to_o the_o matter_n as_o it_o stand_v upon_o the_o special_a verdict_n he_o incline_v that_o as_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n who_o know_v where_o the_o bond_n be_v make_v all_o the_o proceed_n be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la but_o as_o to_o the_o officer_n it_o be_v otherwise_o for_o the_o pleint_a and_o process_n will_v be_v a_o good_a excuse_n for_o he_o in_o a_o action_n of_o false_a imprisonment_n judgement_n judgement_n and_o afterward_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o three_o judge_n viz._n the_o chief_a justice_n wyndham_n and_o atkyns_n justice_n judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o defendant_n that_o this_o be_v no_o escape_n and_o that_o though_o the_o party_n have_v admit_v the_o jurisdiction_n by_o his_o plea_n of_o non_fw-la est_fw-la factum_fw-la below_o yet_o that_o can_v not_o give_v the_o court_n any_o jurisdiction_n which_o have_v not_o any_o original_o in_o the_o cause_n and_o the_o case_n of_o 45._o of_o roll._n abt._n tit_n escape_v 809_o pl._n 45._o richardson_n versus_fw-la bernard_n be_v cite_v as_o a_o authority_n in_o point_n where_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o a_o action_n bring_v against_o a_o officer_n declare_v in_o hull_n upon_o a_o bond_n make_v at_o hallifax_n and_o have_v judgement_n and_o execution_n and_o the_o defendant_n escape_v and_o in_o a_o action_n bring_v for_o this_o escape_n the_o declaration_n be_v hold_v ill_o because_o it_o do_v not_o allege_v the_o bond_n to_o be_v make_v infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la curiae_fw-la ellis_n justice_n of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n in_o omnibus_fw-la sam_n versus_fw-la dangerfield_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v collector_n of_o the_o hearth-mony_n departure_n departure_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o bond_n against_o his_o sub-collector_n condition_v to_o pay_v such_o sum_n as_o he_o shall_v receive_v within_o 14_o day_n after_o receipt_n at_o such_o a_o place_n in_o the_o city_n of_o worcester_n as_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v appoint_v the_o defendant_n plead_v payment_n the_o plaintiff_n assign_v a_o breach_n in_o nonpayment_n of_o such_o a_o sum_n receive_v at_o a_o place_n by_o he_o appoint_v the_o defendant_n rejoin_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n appoint_v no_o place_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n demur_v and_o after_o argument_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o jones_n sergeant_n this_o be_v adjudge_v a_o departure_n because_o the_o defendant_n ought_v to_o have_v plead_v first_o that_o he_o have_v pay_v all_o but_o such_o a_o sum_n for_o which_o as_o yet_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v appoint_v no_o place_n of_o payment_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_o smith_n versus_fw-la hall_n in_o a_o action_n bring_v against_o the_o defendant_n for_o false_a imprisonment_n he_o justify_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o latitat_fw-la bail_n false_a imprisonment_n do_v not_o lie_v but_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n against_o the_o sheriff_n for_o refuse_v sufficient_a bail_n which_o the_o plaintiff_n agree_v in_o his_o replication_n but_o far_o set_v forth_o that_o after_o the_o arrest_n and_o before_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n he_o tender_v sufficient_a bail_n which_o the_o defendant_n refuse_v and_o issue_n be_v join_v upon_o the_o tender_a which_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n newdigate_n sergeant_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n 1._o though_o it_o be_v a_o offence_n in_o the_o defendant_n who_o be_v the_o sheriff_n bailiff_n to_o refuse_v good_a bail_n when_o tender_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o offence_n within_o the_o statute_n 23_o h._n 6._o cap._n 10._o because_o a_o sheriff_n bailiff_n be_v not_o a_o officer_n intend_v in_o that_o statute_n neither_o will_v this_o offence_n make_v he_o a_o trespasser_n ab_fw-la initio_fw-la because_o the_o take_n be_v by_o lawful_a process_n cro._n car._n 196._o 9_o 196._o roll._n abr._n 2_o part_n 561._o pl._n 9_o salmon_n versus_fw-la percival_n the_o defendant_n as_o bailiff_n to_o the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o the_o proper_a officer_n to_o

defendant_n by_o the_o steward_n of_o the_o burrow_n of_o southwark_n for_o that_o he_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n and_o serve_v as_o a_o scavenger_n in_o the_o say_v burrough_n though_o due_o elect_v according_a to_o custom_n there_o and_o upon_o nil_fw-la debt_n plead_v the_o jury_n find_v a_o special_a verdict_n the_o substance_n of_o which_o be_v viz._n they_o find_v the_o act_n of_o 14_o car._n 2._o cap._n 2._o and_o the_o proviso_n therein_o which_o govern_v this_o case_n viz._n that_o all_o street_n and_o lane_n in_o london_n westminster_n and_o the_o liberty_n thereof_o shall_v be_v pave_v as_o they_o have_v always_o use_v to_o be_v then_o follow_v another_o clause_n by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o scavenger_n shall_v be_v choose_v in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o the_o liberty_n thereof_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a usage_n and_o custom_n so_o likewise_o in_o the_o city_n of_o westminster_n but_o nothing_o be_v therein_o mention_v of_o southwark_n and_o in_o all_o other_o place_n a_o new_a form_n of_o choose_v be_v prescribe_v viz._n in_o the_o other_o parish_n the_o constable_n churchwarden_n etc._n etc._n shall_v meet_v in_o the_o easter-week_n and_o choose_v two_o scavenger_n in_o every_o respective_a parish_n so_o that_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o act_n must_v be_v though_o southwark_n be_v not_o name_v that_o still_o scavenger_n shall_v be_v choose_v there_o as_o formerly_z because_o london_n and_o the_o liberty_n thereof_o be_v to_o follow_v their_o ancient_a custom_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o this_o officer_n and_o southwark_n be_v within_o the_o city_n liberties_n but_o whether_o the_o custom_n of_o choose_v of_o he_o be_v not_o take_v away_o by_o this_o statute_n and_o so_o the_o fine_a not_o well_o assess_v be_v the_o question_n quer._n exit_fw-la partte_fw-la quer._n baldwyn_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n argue_v that_o admit_v in_o southwark_n a_o scavenger_n may_v be_v choose_v according_a to_o the_o new_a form_n prescribe_v in_o the_o act_n yet_o this_o statute_n be_v only_o in_o the_o b._n the_o hob._n 173._o dyer_n 341._o b._n affirmative_a and_o do_v not_o thereby_o take_v away_o the_o custom_n of_o choose_v he_o at_o the_o leet_n like_o the_o case_n in_o dyer_n 50._o a_o act_n that_o the_o young_a son_n shall_v have_v a_o appeal_n of_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n 17._o hob._n 17._o yet_o that_o do_v not_o exclude_v the_o elder_a because_o it_o be_v the_o common_a law_n and_o there_o be_v no_o word_n to_o restrain_v he_o in_o the_o 11_o co._n 63._o doctor_n foster_n case_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 35_o eliz._n against_o recusant_n which_o give_v the_o penalty_n of_o 20_o l._n ꝓ_n month_n against_o the_o offender_n the_o 12_o d._n for_o the_o neglect_n of_o every_o sunday_n give_v by_o a_o former_a eliz._n former_a 1_o eliz._n statute_n be_v not_o take_v away_o but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o negative_a clause_n in_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o as_o a_o act_n that_o the_o session_n of_o the_o peace_n shall_v be_v keep_v at_o beaumarris_n tantum_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alibi_fw-la infra_fw-la com_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o justice_n keep_v it_o at_o another_o place_n and_o several_a be_v indict_v before_o they_o at_o that_o time_n but_o the_o justice_n be_v fine_v and_o all_o their_o proceed_n hold_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o the_o negative_a prohibition_n dyer_n 135._o 68_o 1_o inst_z sect._n 500_o 2_o inst_z 68_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 34._o a_o woman_n shall_v bring_v no_o appeal_n but_o for_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n which_o she_o may_v at_o common_a law_n before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n if_o therefore_o she_o be_v heir_n to_o her_o father_n the_o appeal_n which_o she_o may_v have_v bring_v for_o his_o death_n by_o these_o negative_a word_n be_v take_v away_o def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n barrel_n for_o the_o defendant_n though_o this_o law_n be_v in_o the_o affirmative_a yet_o since_o it_o do_v not_o prejudice_v any_o person_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v injurious_a if_o scavenger_n be_v choose_v as_o direct_v by_o the_o act_n it_o shall_v be_v take_v as_o a_o negative_a clause_n and_o for_o this_o many_o instance_n may_v be_v give_v as_o the_o statute_n for_o devise_v part_n of_o the_o testator_n land_n do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o custom_n to_o devise_v the_o whole_a for_o that_o will_v be_v a_o apparent_a prejudice_n to_o the_o party_n but_o not_o so_o in_o this_o case_n where_o it_o be_v not_o find_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n sustain_v any_o loss_n for_o he_o be_v to_o have_v nothing_o when_o a_o scavenger_n be_v choose_v in_o the_o leet_n nor_o be_v the_o inhabitant_n prejudice_v for_o by_o this_o new_a choose_v their_o street_n shall_v be_v keep_v as_o clean_o as_o before_o the_o form_n here_o establish_v do_v not_o consist_v with_o the_o custom_n and_o so_o have_v the_o effect_n of_o a_o negative_a clause_n hob._n 298._o it_o appear_v by_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o act_n that_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v to_o take_v away_o those_o old_a custom_n of_o choose_v because_o the_o custom_n be_v express_o save_v in_o london_n and_o westminster_n but_o in_o all_o other_o place_n a_o new_a way_n be_v appoint_v the_o pavement_n of_o the_o street_n in_o southwark_n shall_v be_v as_o before_o but_o that_o clause_n go_v no_o far_o and_o therefore_o concern_v not_o the_o case_n of_o a_o scavenger_n who_o duty_n be_v not_o to_o pave_v but_o cleanse_v the_o street_n and_o the_o word_n viz._n liberty_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n will_v not_o help_v because_o southwark_n be_v not_o comprehend_v under_o they_o in_o that_o clause_n no_o more_o than_o be_v the_o land_n which_o they_o have_v in_o yorkshire_n for_o the_o word_n liberties_n 48._o liberties_n postea_fw-la 48._o there_o be_v take_v for_o limit_n and_o can_v admit_v of_o no_o other_o construction_n last_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v have_v judgement_n because_o he_o have_v not_o allege_v the_o custom_n to_o be_v that_o the_o steward_n may_v fine_a in_o case_n of_o the_o refusal_n to_o take_v the_o oath_n etc._n etc._n and_o custom_n be_v to_o be_v take_v stict_o the_o chief_a justice_n and_o justice_n atkins_n say_v that_o it_o be_v true_a scavenger_n be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o the_o court_n leet_n by_o custom_n and_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n may_v be_v fine_v as_o well_o as_o a_o ale-taster_n but_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n have_v take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v scavenger_n before_o that_o time_n and_o southwark_n be_v therein_o name_v as_o distinct_a from_o the_o liberty_n of_o london_n for_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o westminster_n london_n and_o the_o liberty_n thereof_o and_o southwark_n be_v to_o have_v the_o street_n pave_v as_o before_o which_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o a_o scavenger_n and_o so_o that_o clause_n in_o the_o act_n concern_v not_o this_o case_n but_o where_o it_o enact_v that_o in_o london_n and_o westminster_n scavenger_n shall_v be_v choose_v as_o before_o but_o in_o all_o other_o place_n appoint_v a_o new_a way_n this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o it_o have_v say_v that_o scavenger_n shall_v be_v choose_v in_o every_o place_n as_o by_o the_o act_n prescribe_v and_o no_o other_o way_n except_o in_o london_n and_o westminster_n and_o so_o great_a be_v the_o inconsistency_n between_o the_o custom_n and_o the_o act_n that_o they_o can_v stand_v both_o together_o therefore_o though_o the_o act_n be_v but_o temporary_a the_o custom_n be_v suspend_v and_o though_o it_o may_v be_v some_o damage_n to_o the_o lord_n to_o make_v such_o construction_n yet_o that_o will_v not_o alter_v the_o case_n for_o lawmakers_n be_v presume_v to_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o public_a good_a more_o than_o to_o any_o private_a man_n profit_n and_o the_o lord_n may_v be_v say_v in_o this_o case_n to_o have_v dispense_v with_o his_o interest_n be_v a_o party_n to_o the_o act_n and_o consent_v thereunto_o but_o wyndham_n and_o ellis_n justice_n incline_v that_o the_o custom_n do_v continue_v because_o the_o act_n be_v in_o the_o affirmative_a and_o therefore_o they_o will_v not_o construe_v it_o to_o take_v away_o a_o man_n right_n and_o interest_n or_o a_o custom_n where_o he_o have_v a_o benefit_n as_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n have_v in_o this_o case_n who_o be_v prejudice_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o fee_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o statute_n seem_v to_o they_o to_o be_v that_o scavenger_n shall_v be_v choose_v where_o none_o be_v before_o but_o not_o to_o take_v away_o custom_n for_o choose_v of_o they_o but_o another_o argument_n be_v desire_v by_o sergeant_n howel_n the_o recorder_n of_o london_n rozal_n versus_fw-la lampen_a barr._n variance_n in_o the_o action_n no_o

enough_o and_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_o when_o this_o cause_n be_v try_v at_o the_o bar_n which_o be_v in_o easter-term_n last_o the_o lord_n mohun_n offer_v to_o give_v his_o testimony_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n but_o refuse_v to_o be_v swear_v offer_v to_o speak_v upon_o his_o honour_n but_o justice_n wyld_n tell_v he_o in_o cause_n between_o party_n and_o party_n he_o must_v be_v upon_o his_o oath_n the_o lord_n mohun_n ask_v he_o whether_o he_o will_v answer_v it_o the_o judge_n reply_v that_o he_o deliver_v it_o as_o his_o opinion_n and_o because_o he_o know_v not_o whether_o it_o may_v cause_v he_o to_o be_v question_v in_o another_o place_n he_o desire_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o judge_n to_o deliver_v their_o opinion_n which_o they_o all_o do_v and_o say_v he_o ought_v to_o be_v swear_v and_o so_o he_o be_v but_o with_o a_o salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la for_o he_o say_v there_o be_v a_o order_n in_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o house_n for_o any_o lord_n to_o be_v swear_v anonymus_fw-la debt_n upon_o the_o statute_n for_o not_o come_v to_o church_n and_o conclude_v per_fw-la quod_fw-la actio_fw-la accrevit_fw-la eidem_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la &_o quer_fw-fr ad_fw-la exigend_n '_o &_o habend_v '_o the_o exception_n after_o judgement_n be_v take_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v only_o actio_fw-la accrevit_fw-la eidem_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n qui_fw-la tam_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o not_o exigend_n '_o &_o habend_v '_o for_o the_o king_n and_o himself_o sed_fw-la non_fw-la allocatur_fw-la for_o upon_o search_n of_o precedent_n the_o court_n be_v all_o of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v good_a either_o way_n anonymus_fw-la mony_n factor_n where_o he_o can_v sell_v but_o for_o ready_a mony_n in_o account_n judgement_n be_v give_v quod_fw-la computet_fw-la and_o the_o defendant_n plead_v before_o the_o auditor_n that_o the_o good_n whereof_o he_o be_v to_o give_v a_o reasonable_a account_n be_v bona_fw-la peritura_fw-la and_o though_o he_o be_v careful_a in_o the_o keep_n of_o they_o yet_o they_o be_v much_o the_o worse_o that_o they_o remain_v in_o his_o hand_n for_o want_n of_o buyer_n and_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v worse_o and_o therefore_o he_o sell_v they_o upon_o credit_n to_o a_o man_n beyond_o sea_n the_o plaintiff_n demur_v and_o after_o argument_n by_o barrel_n serjeant_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o baldwin_n sergeant_n for_o the_o defendant_n the_o whole_a court_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o plea_n be_v not_o good_a curia_fw-la curia_fw-la for_o if_o a_o merchant_n deliver_v good_n to_o his_o factor_n ad_fw-la merchandizand_n '_o he_o can_v sell_v they_o upon_o credit_n but_o for_o ready_a money_n unless_o he_o have_v a_o particular_a commission_n from_o his_o master_n so_o to_o do_v for_o if_o he_o can_v find_v no_o buyer_n he_o be_v not_o answerable_a and_o if_o they_o be_v bona_fw-la peritura_fw-la and_o can_v be_v sell_v for_o money_n upon_o the_o delivery_n the_o merchant_n must_v give_v he_o authority_n to_o sell_v upon_o trust_n if_o they_o be_v burn_v or_o he_o be_v rob_v without_o his_o own_o default_n he_o be_v not_o liable_a and_o in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v not_o plead_v that_o he_o can_v not_o sell_v the_o good_n for_o ready_a money_n and_o the_o sale_n itself_o be_v make_v beyond_o sea_n where_o the_o buyer_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v like_o the_o case_n of_o 202._o of_o 1_o bulst_n 103._o yelv._n 202._o sadock_n and_o burton_n where_o in_o account_n against_o a_o factor_n he_o plead_v that_o he_o sell_v the_o jewel_n to_o the_o king_n of_o barbary_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n use_v and_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n the_o plea_n be_v hold_v naught_o for_o when_o a_o factor_n have_v a_o bare_a authorty_n to_o sell_v in_o such_o case_n he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o give_v a_o day_n of_o payment_n but_o must_v receive_v the_o money_n immediate_o upon_o the_o sale_n therefore_o in_o the_o case_n at_o barr_n if_o the_o master_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o contract_n of_o the_o servant_n without_o his_o consent_n or_o at_o least_o the_o good_n come_v to_o his_o use_n neither_o shall_v the_o servant_n have_v authority_n to_o sell_v without_o ready_a money_n unless_o he_o have_v a_o particular_a order_n for_o that_o purpose_n there_o be_v another_o thing_n move_v in_o this_o case_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o the_o plea_n ought_v to_o be_v put_v in_o upon_o oath_n for_o have_v plead_v that_o he_o can_v not_o sell_v without_o loss_n he_o ought_v to_o swear_v it_o fitzh_n account_n 47._o but_o no_o opinion_n be_v deliver_v herein_o only_o the_o chief_a justice_n say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n ought_v to_o have_v require_v the_o plea_n upon_o oath_n for_o otherwise_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a but_o for_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o plea_n it_o be_v hold_v ill_o and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n harris_n case_n sergeant_n hopkins_n move_v for_o a_o prohibition_n the_o case_n be_v 10._o husband_n die_v his_o wife_n executrix_fw-la she_o die_v before_o probate_n administration_n must_v be_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n of_o the_o husband_n 22_o &_o 23_o car._n 2._o cap._n 10._o a_o man_n make_v a_o will_n and_o appoint_v his_o wife_n to_o be_v executrix_n and_o devise_n a_o shilling_n to_o his_o daughter_n for_o a_o legacy_n and_o die_v the_o executrix_n before_o probate_a of_o the_o will_n dies_z also_o intestate_a and_o whether_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v distribute_v by_o the_o act_n for_o settle_v intestates_fw-la estate_n among_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o executrix_n or_o to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n to_o the_o testator_n her_o husband_n be_v the_o question_n since_o she_o die_v before_o probate_n her_o husband_n in_o judgement_n of_o law_n die_v also_o intestate_a this_o case_n seem_v to_o be_v out_o of_o the_o statute_n the_o husband_n have_v make_v a_o will_n and_o the_o act_n intermeddle_v only_o where_o no_o will_n be_v make_v the_o court_n deliver_v no_o judgement_n in_o it_o but_o seem_v to_o incline_v that_o the_o statute_n do_v extend_v to_o this_o very_a case_n and_o that_o administration_n must_v be_v commit_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n of_o the_o husband_n but_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o distribution_n it_o must_v then_o be_v according_a to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o testator_n reder_n versus_fw-la bradley_n it_o be_v move_v to_o reverse_v a_o judgement_n give_v in_o a_o honour_n court_n upon_o a_o writ_n of_o false_a judgement_n bring_v here_o l._n judgement_n reverse_v in_o a_o inferior_a court_n where_o the_o damage_n be_v lay_v to_o 30_o l._n the_o plaintiff_n declare_v in_o the_o action_n below_o that_o there_o be_v a_o communication_n between_o he_o and_o the_o defendant_n concern_v the_o service_n of_o his_o son_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v between_o they_o that_o in_o consideration_n the_o plaintiff_n will_v permit_v his_o son_n to_o serve_v he_o the_o defendant_n promise_v to_o pay_v the_o plaintiff_n 30_o s._n the_o plaintiff_n aver_v that_o he_o do_v permit_v his_o son_n to_o serve_v he_o and_o that_o the_o defendant_n have_v not_o pay_v he_o the_o 30_o s._n there_o be_v a_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o exception_n now_o take_v be_v 1._o it_o be_v not_o say_v that_o the_o juror_n be_v electi_fw-la ad_fw-la triand_n '_o etc._n etc._n 2._o he_o lay_v his_o damage_n to_o 30_o l._n of_o which_o a_o court_n baron_n can_v hold_v plea_n for_o the_o difference_n take_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n be_v where_o damage_n be_v lay_v under_o 40_o s._n cost_v may_v make_v it_o amount_v to_o more_o but_o where_o it_o be_v lay_v above_o in_o such_o case_n all_o be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la for_o which_o reason_n judgement_n be_v reverse_v but_o in_o this_o court_n the_o judge_n do_v not_o pronounce_v the_o reversal_n as_o it_o be_v do_v in_o the_o king_n bench._n lane_n versus_fw-la robinson_n court_n inferior_a court_n trespass_n for_o take_v of_o his_o cattle_n the_o defendant_n justify_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o execution_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trespass_n bring_v in_o a_o hundred_o court_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n demur_v sergeant_n pemberton_n take_v two_o exception_n to_o the_o plea_n 348._o 2_o cro._n 443_o 526._o hob._n 180._o sid._n 348._o 1._o because_o the_o inferior_a court_n not_o be_v of_o record_n can_v hold_v plea_n of_o a_o trespass_n quare_fw-la vi_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la but_o it_o be_v not_o allow_v for_o trespass_n be_v frequent_o bring_v there_o and_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v declare_v either_o vi_o &_o armis_fw-la or_o contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la postea_fw-la postea_fw-la 2._o the_o defendant_n recite_v the_o proceed_n below_o say_v taliter_fw-la processum_fw-la fuit_fw-la whereas_o he_o ought_v particular_o to_o set_v forth_o all_o that_o be_v do_v because_o not_o be_v in_o a_o court_n

of_o record_n the_o proceed_n may_v be_v deny_v and_o try_v by_o jury._n but_o the_o court_n incline_v that_o it_o be_v plead_v well_o enough_o and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o safe_a way_n to_o prevent_v mistake_n but_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v reply_v de_fw-la injuria_fw-la sva_fw-la propria_fw-la absque_fw-la tali_fw-la causa_fw-la that_o have_v traverse_v all_o the_o proceed_n quaere_fw-la whither_o such_o a_o replication_n have_v be_v good_a because_o the_o plaintiff_n must_v answer_v particular_o that_o authority_n which_o the_o defendant_n pretend_v to_o have_v from_o the_o court_n but_o no_o judgement_n be_v give_v sherrard_n versus_fw-la smith_n trespass_n quare_fw-la clausum_fw-la fregit_fw-la and_o for_o take_v away_o his_o good_n the_o defendant_n justify_v the_o take_n by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n hold_v by_o fealty_n and_o rent_n and_o for_o nonpayment_n thereof_o the_o good_n be_v take_v nomine_fw-la districtionis_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n reply_v that_o the_o locus_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la est_fw-la extra_fw-la plead_v horse_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fee_fw-mi when_o to_o be_v plead_v absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la infra_fw-la feodum_fw-la the_o defendant_n demur_n special_o because_o the_o plaintiff_n plead_v horse_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fee_n shall_v have_v take_v the_o tenancy_n upon_o he_o 9_o co._n bucknal_n case_n 22_o h._n 6._o 2_o 3._o keilway_o 73._o 14_o ass_n pl._n 13._o 1_o inst_z 1._o b._n where_o this_o be_v give_v as_o a_o rule_n by_o my_o lord_n cook_n sergeant_n pemberton_n on_o the_o other_o side_n agree_v 41._o exit_fw-la parte_fw-la quer._n 13_o assize_n 28._o 28_o assize_n 41._o that_o in_o all_o case_n of_o assize_n horse_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fee_n be_v no_o plea_n without_o take_v the_o tenancy_n upon_o he_o 2_o ass_n placito_fw-la 1._o and_o in_o 5_o e._n 4._o 2._o it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o replevin_n the_o party_n can_v plead_v this_o plea_n because_o he_o may_v disclaim_v but_o brook_n placito_fw-la 15._o tit_n horse_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fee_n say_v this_o be_v not_o law_n and_o so_o be_v 2_o h._n 6._o 1._o and_o many_o case_n afterward_o be_v against_o that_o book_n of_o ed._n 4._o and_o that_o a_o man_n may_v plead_v horse_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr fee_fw-fr as_o if_o there_o be_v a_o lord_n and_o tenant_n hold_v by_o fealty_n and_o rent_n and_o he_o make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o the_o lord_n distrain_v the_o cattle_n of_o the_o lessee_n though_o the_o tenant_n have_v pay_v the_o rent_n and_o do_v fealty_n there_o if_o the_o lessee_n allege_v that_o his_o lessor_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o tenancy_n in_o his_o demesn_a as_o of_o fee_n and_o hold_v it_o of_o the_o lord_n by_o service_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o service_n the_o lord_n be_v seize_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o lessor_n as_o by_o his_o true_a tenant_n who_o have_v lease_v the_o land_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o the_o lord_n to_o charge_v he_o have_v unjust_o avow_v upon_o he_o who_o have_v nothing_o in_o the_o tenancy_n it_o be_v well_o enough_o 9_o co._n case_n of_o avowry_n and_o the_o reason_n give_v in_o 5_o edw._n 4._o about_o disclaimer_n will_v not_o hold_v now_o for_o that_o course_n be_v quite_o alter_v and_o be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 21_o h._n 8._o cap._n 19_o which_o enact_v that_o avowry_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o the_o lord_n upon_o the_o land_n without_o name_v his_o tenant_n but_o in_o case_n of_o trespass_n there_o be_v never_o any_o such_o thing_n object_v as_o here_o for_o what_o tenancy_n can_v the_o plaintiff_n take_v upon_o he_o in_o this_o case_n he_o can_v say_v tenen_fw-la '_o liberi_fw-la tenementi_fw-la for_o this_o be_v a_o bare_a action_n of_o trespass_n in_o which_o though_o the_o plead_n be_v not_o so_o formal_a yet_o it_o will_v do_v no_o hourt_z for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v only_o extra_fw-la feodum_fw-la without_o the_o traverse_n it_o have_v be_v good_a enough_o and_o of_o that_o opinion_n be_v the_o court_n in_o hillary-term_n follow_v when_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n absente_a scroggs_n and_o the_o chief_a justice_n say_v that_o the_o rule_n lay_v down_o by_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o 1_o inst_z 1._o b._n that_o there_o be_v no_o plead_v horse_n the_o son_n fee_n without_o take_v the_o tenancy_n upon_o he_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v in_o case_n of_o assize_n and_o so_o be_v all_o the_o case_n he_o there_o cite_v for_o proof_n of_o that_o opinion_n and_o therefore_o so_o he_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v but_o this_o be_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n bring_v upon_o the_o possession_n and_o not_o upon_o the_o title_n in_o the_o case_n of_o avowry_n a_o stranger_n may_v plead_v general_o horse_n the_o son_n fee_n and_o so_o may_v tenant_n for_o year_n and_o this_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o trespass_n be_v much_o strong_a and_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n destroy_v the_o defendant_n justification_n it_o be_v well_o enough_o sir_n william_n hickman_n versus_fw-la thorne_n &_o alios_fw-la traverse_n prescription_n against_o another_o prescription_n not_o good_a without_o a_o traverse_n in_o a_o replevin_n the_o defendant_n justify_v the_o take_n for_o that_o the_o locus_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la be_v his_o freehold_n and_o that_o he_o take_v the_o cattle_n there_o damage_n fesant_fw-mi the_o plaintiff_n in_o bar_n to_o the_o avowry_a reply_n that_o the_o locus_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la etc._n etc._n be_v parcel_n of_o such_o a_o common_a field_n and_o prescribe_v to_o have_v right_a of_o common_a there_o as_o appendant_a to_o two_o acre_n which_o he_o have_v in_o another_o place_n the_o defendant_n rejoin_v that_o there_o be_v a_o custom_n that_o every_o freeholder_n who_o have_v land_n lie_v together_o in_o the_o say_v common_a field_n may_v enclose_v against_o he_o who_o have_v right_a of_o common_a there_o and_o that_o he_o have_v land_n there_o and_o do_v enclose_v the_o plaintiff_n demur_n and_o sergeant_n newdigate_n take_v exception_n to_o the_o rejoynder_n quer._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la quer._n 1._o for_o that_o he_o do_v not_o aver_v that_o the_o land_n which_o he_o enclose_v do_v lie_v together_o and_o therefore_o have_v not_o bring_v his_o case_n within_o the_o custom_n allege_v sed_fw-la non_fw-la allocatur_fw-la because_o he_o can_v not_o enclose_v if_o the_o land_n have_v not_o lay_v together_o 2._o he_o give_v no_o answer_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n right_a of_o common_a but_o by_o argument_n which_o he_o shall_v have_v confess_v with_o a_o be_v &_o verum_fw-la est_fw-la and_o then_o shall_v have_v avoid_v it_o by_o allege_v the_o custom_n of_o enclosure_n like_o the_o case_n of_o 209._o of_o 2_o leon._n 209._o russel_n and_o broker_n where_o in_o trespass_n for_o cut_v oak_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o he_o be_v seize_v of_o a_o message_n in_o fee_n and_o prescribe_v to_o have_v rationabile_fw-la estoverium_fw-la ad_fw-la libitum_fw-la capiend_n '_o in_o boscis_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n reply_v that_o the_o locus_fw-la in_o quo_fw-la be_v within_o the_o forest_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n and_o all_o those_o etc._n etc._n habere_fw-la consueverunt_fw-la rationabile_fw-la estoverium_fw-la etc._n etc._n per_fw-la liberationem_fw-la forestarii_fw-la and_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n the_o replication_n be_v hold_v naught_o because_o the_o plaintiff_n ought_v to_o have_v plead_v the_o law_n of_o the_o forest_n viz._n lex_fw-la forestae_fw-la talis_fw-la est_fw-la or_o to_o have_v traverse_v the_o defendant_n prescription_n and_o not_o to_o have_v set_v forth_o another_o prescription_n in_o his_o replication_n without_o a_o traverse_n 3._o the_o defendant_n shall_v have_v plead_v the_o custom_n and_o then_o have_v traverse_v the_o prescription_n of_o the_o right_n of_o common_a for_o he_o can_v plead_v a_o custom_n against_o a_o custom_n 9_o co._n 58._o aldred_n case_n where_o one_o prescribe_v to_o have_v a_o light_n the_o other_o can_v prescribe_v to_o stop_v it_o up_o sergeant_n pemberton_n contra_fw-la def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n he_o say_v that_o which_o he_o take_v to_o be_v the_o only_a question_n in_o the_o case_n be_v admit_v viz._n that_o such_o a_o custom_n as_o this_o to_o enclose_v be_v good_a and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v in_o sir_n miles_n corbet_n case_n 7_o co._n but_o as_o to_o the_o objection_n which_o have_v be_v make_v the_o defendant_n admit_v the_o prescription_n for_o right_a of_o common_a but_o say_v he_o may_v enclose_v against_o the_o commoner_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o custom_n which_o be_v a_o bar_n to_o his_o very_a right_n of_o common_a and_o therefore_o need_v not_o confess_v it_o with_o a_o be_v &_o verum_fw-la est_fw-la neither_o can_v he_o traverse_v the_o prescription_n because_o he_o have_v admit_v it_o it_o be_v true_a where_o one_o prescribe_v to_o have_v light_n in_o his_o house_n and_o another_o prescribe_v to_o stop_v they_o up_o this_o be_v not_o good_a because_o

construction_n can_v be_v make_v of_o they_o but_o that_o a_o estate_n in_o possession_n be_v thereby_o intend_v to_o pass_v 4._o object_n that_o this_o fine_a and_o grant_n must_v be_v construe_v to_o enure_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n ut_fw-la res_fw-la magis_fw-la valeat_fw-la and_o they_o never_o intend_v to_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n answ_n certain_o no_o man_n ever_o intend_v to_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o own_o estate_n those_o be_v general_o the_o effect_n of_o ignorance_n and_o not_o of_o the_o will_n as_o the_o case_n of_o gimlet_n and_o sand_n cro._n car._n 856._o car._n 1_o roll._n abr._n 856._o 391._o where_o tenant_n in_o fee_n make_v a_o feoffment_n to_o two_o to_o the_o use_n of_o himself_o for_o life_n then_o to_o the_o use_n of_o his_o wife_n for_o life_n remainder_n in_o tail_n to_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n remainder_n to_o his_o own_o right_a heir_n and_o afterward_o he_o make_v another_o feoffment_n to_o smith_n with_o warranty_n the_o mother_n and_o son_n join_v in_o another_o feoffment_n adjudge_v that_o this_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o her_o estate_n for_o life_n though_o she_o have_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o warranty_n make_v by_o her_o husband_n for_o the_o feoffment_n make_v by_o he_o be_v a_o public_a act_n upon_o the_o land_n and_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o and_o though_o by_o she_o join_v in_o the_o feoffment_n with_o her_o son_n she_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o forfeit_v her_o estate_n yet_o the_o law_n adjudge_v according_a to_o what_o be_v do_v but_o in_o the_o case_n at_o barr_n the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n may_v be_v collect_v by_o the_o act_n do_v and_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n to_o presume_v that_o the_o party_n thereby_o intend_v to_o displace_v the_o reversion_n for_o the_o husband_n join_v in_o the_o fine_a and_o in_o the_o warranty_n if_o it_o be_v no_o divest_v the_o warranty_n be_v of_o no_o use_n another_o objection_n have_v be_v only_o mention_v which_o be_v that_o admit_v this_o shall_v amount_v to_o a_o displace_n if_o the_o estate_n have_v be_v in_o possession_n yet_o in_o this_o case_n it_o will_v not_o because_o it_o be_v prevent_v by_o the_o lease_n for_o year_n in_o be_v but_o that_o can_v hinder_v the_o execution_n of_o this_o fine_a it_o be_v a_o fine_a sur_fw-fr concessit_fw-la which_o be_v executory_a in_o its_o nature_n and_o do_v not_o pass_v any_o estate_n or_o take_v any_o effect_n till_o execute_v and_o so_o be_v the_o book_n 41_o 5._o 3._o 14._o b._n but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o fine_a be_v execute_v which_o may_v be_v by_o matter_n in_o pais_fw-fr as_o well_o as_o by_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la and_o as_o to_o this_o purpose_n may_v be_v execute_v by_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o conusor_n b._n 1_o rep._n 106._o dyer_n 376._o b._n without_o sue_v out_o any_o execution_n 38_o ed._n 3._o brook_z tit_n scire_fw-la facias_fw-la 199._o if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o fine_a execute_v there_o will_v have_v be_v little_a doubt_v leave_v in_o this_o case_n and_o by_o the_o attornment_n of_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n it_o must_v be_v admit_v that_o this_o fine_a be_v execute_v as_o 8_o ed._n 3._o f._n 44._o for_o a_o fine_a of_o a_o reversion_n may_v be_v execute_v to_o all_o purpose_n by_o the_o attornment_n of_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n and_o if_o so_o when_o a_o fine_a executory_a be_v once_o execute_v it_o be_v as_o good_a as_o a_o fine_a sur_fw-fr conusance_fw-fr de_fw-fr droit_fw-fr come_v ceo_fw-la to_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o particular_a estate_n where_o a_o feoffment_n be_v make_v and_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v in_o be_v the_o feoffment_n be_v not_o good_a because_o in_o such_o case_n there_o must_v be_v a_o present_a transposition_n of_o the_o estate_n pitt_n postea_fw-la moor_n and_o pitt_n which_o be_v hinder_v by_o the_o lease_n but_o in_o case_n of_o a_o fine_a which_o be_v a_o feoffment_n upon_o record_n a_o lease_n for_o year_n be_v no_o impediment_n or_o displace_n of_o the_o reversion_n for_o if_o tenant_n in_o tail_n expectant_a upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n levy_v a_o fine_a it_o be_v a_o discontinuance_n of_o the_o tail_n and_o notwithstanding_o this_o lease_n the_o fine_a have_v such_o a_o operation_n upon_o the_o freehold_n that_o it_o displace_v the_o reversion_n in_o fee_n co._n lit._n 332._o and_o therefore_o if_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n prevent_v not_o a_o discontinuance_n it_o will_v much_o less_o hinder_v a_o displace_n in_o this_o case_n but_o no_o judgement_n be_v give_v now_o in_o this_o case_n another_o matter_n be_v debate_v whether_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v have_v judgement_n because_o he_o be_v bar_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o limitation_n for_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v be_v in_o possession_n for_o twenty_o year_n past_a and_o the_o verdict_n have_v not_o find_v any_o claim_n or_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v within_o the_o proviso_n of_o the_o act._n waterfield_n versus_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n administer_v oath_n exit_fw-la officio_fw-la not_o to_o be_v administer_v a_o prohibition_n be_v grant_v last_o easter-term_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n upon_o a_o suggestion_n make_v by_o waterfield_n that_o he_o be_v choose_v churchwarden_n of_o the_o parish_n church_n of_o arundel_n in_o the_o county_n of_o sussex_n the_o bishop_n tender_v he_o a_o oath_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la which_o be_v that_o he_o shall_v present_v every_o parishioner_n who_o have_v do_v any_o offence_n or_o neglect_v any_o duty_n mention_v in_o certain_a article_n contain_v in_o a_o print_a book_n deliver_v to_o he_o some_o of_o which_o article_n concern_v the_o churchwarden_n himself_o and_o so_o in_o effect_n he_o be_v to_o swear_v against_o himself_o in_o case_n of_o any_o default_n which_o be_v express_o against_o the_o statute_n of_o 13_o car._n 2._o 232_o sid._n 232_o cap._n 12._o which_o prohibit_v any_o person_n have_v ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n to_o administer_v the_o oath_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la or_o any_o other_o oath_n whereby_o the_o person_n to_o who_o it_o be_v administer_v may_v be_v charge_v to_o accuse_v himself_o of_o any_o criminal_a matter_n whereby_o he_o may_v be_v liable_a to_o any_o censure_n or_o punishment_n and_o because_o the_o bishop_n have_v excommunicate_v he_o for_o refuse_v such_o oath_n he_o pray_v a_o prohibition_n which_o be_v grant_v quoad_fw-la the_o compel_a he_o to_o make_v any_o answer_n to_o the_o say_a article_n concern_v himself_o and_o the_o excommunication_n be_v discharge_v but_o now_o upon_o the_o motion_n of_o sergeant_n brampston_n a_o consultation_n be_v award_v because_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o affidavit_fw-la of_o the_o commissary_n who_o tender_v this_o oath_n and_o likewise_o by_o the_o act_n of_o the_o court_n that_o he_o be_v excommunicate_v for_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o a_o church_n warden_n according_a to_o law_n which_o be_v the_o only_a oath_n tender_v and_o therefore_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o prohibition_n be_v false_a a_o consultation_n be_v award_v in_o this_o prohibition_n it_o be_v recite_v that_o the_o bishop_n can_v give_v a_o oath_n but_o in_o two_o case_n viz._n in_o matter_n testamentary_a and_o matrimonial_a whereas_o they_o have_v authority_n in_o many_o case_n more_o it_o be_v true_a also_o that_o until_o his_o jurisdiction_n be_v increase_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n he_o can_v hold_v plea_n in_o none_o but_o those_o two_o cause_n 537._o 2_o inst_z 487_o 537._o but_o by_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr circumspect_a agatis_fw-la and_o of_o articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la he_o may_v now_o hold_v plea_n in_o many_o other_o case_n the_o bishop_n inform_v the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n waterfeild_n have_v cause_v 2000_o of_o the_o prohibition_n to_o be_v print_v in_o english_a and_o have_v disperse_v they_o all_o over_o the_o kingdom_n intitul_a they_o a_o true_a translate_a copy_n of_o a_o writ_n of_o prohibition_n grant_v by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n and_o other_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n in_o easter-term_n 1676._o against_o the_o bishop_n of_o chichester_n who_o have_v proceed_v against_o and_o excommunicate_v one_o thomas_n waterfield_n a_o churchwarden_n for_o refuse_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n usual_o tender_v to_o person_n in_o such_o office_n by_o which_o writ_n the_o illegality_n of_o all_o such_o oath_n be_v declare_v and_o the_o say_a bishop_n command_v to_o take_v off_o his_o excommunication_n and_o this_o be_v declare_v by_o the_o court_n to_o be_v a_o most_o seditious_a libel_n and_o give_v order_n to_o inquire_v after_o the_o printer_n that_o he_o may_v be_v prosecute_v eleanor_z plummer_n versus_fw-la sir_n jeremy_n whitchot_n intr._n trin._n 27_o or_o 28_o car._n 2._o rot._n 301._o in_o b._n r._n in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o a_o escape_n upon_o nil_fw-la debet_fw-la

unruly_a and_o endeavour_v to_o escape_v but_o it_o be_v express_o against_o the_o law_n to_o do_v it_o where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o reason_n because_o a_o prison_n be_v for_o the_o safe_a custody_n of_o man_n and_o not_o to_o punish_v they_o 1_o inst_z 260._o a._n so_o that_o it_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o a_o strict_a remedy_n be_v provide_v for_o execution_n in_o account_n than_o for_o those_o in_o debt_n 3._o there_o be_v certain_a person_n also_o who_o be_v make_v chargeable_a by_o this_o statute_n when_o the_o execution_n be_v in_o account_n who_o can_v be_v charge_v in_o debt_n for_o the_o statute_n enact_v that_o if_o the_o party_n escape_v the_o officer_n in_o who_o custody_n he_o be_v shall_v answer_v sive_fw-la infra_fw-la libertatem_fw-la sive_fw-la extra_fw-la so_o that_o the_o gaoler_n shall_v be_v charge_v whether_o he_o be_v of_o a_o franchise_n or_o of_o the_o county_n at_o large_a but_o if_o a_o man_n be_v in_o execution_n for_o debt_n and_o then_o escape_v the_o gaoler_n be_v not_o liable_a but_o the_o sheriff_n though_o the_o case_n the_o 3_o co._n 71._o westby_n case_n gaoler_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o body_n of_o one_o who_o the_o late_a sheriff_n do_v not_o deliver_v over_o to_o the_o present_a sheriff_n so_o that_o in_o this_o also_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n upon_o this_o statute_n between_o action_n of_o account_n and_o action_n of_o debt_n and_o therefore_o the_o clause_n therein_o of_o respondeat_fw-la superior_n be_v make_v upon_o a_o particular_a occasion_n only_o in_o the_o case_n of_o account_n shall_v not_o be_v extend_v to_o other_o matter_n and_o can_v in_o no_o wise_a influence_n this_o case_n which_o for_o other_o reason_n can_v be_v govern_v by_o that_o rule_n if_o extend_v to_o all_o who_o have_v power_n to_o depute_v a_o officer_n and_o thereby_o give_v he_o a_o interest_n or_o to_o appoint_v one_o for_o a_o time_n 2._o point_n 1._o because_o he_o in_o reversion_n be_v not_o in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n a_o superior_a for_o it_o be_v not_o say_v that_o a_o reversioner_n after_o a_o estate_n for_o life_n be_v superior_a and_o of_o more_o account_n in_o the_o law_n than_o he_o who_o have_v the_o particular_a estate_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n he_o who_o have_v the_o fréehold_n be_v of_o great_a account_n and_o regard_n in_o the_o law_n than_o the_o reversioner_n after_o he_o and_o if_o as_o it_o have_v be_v object_v both_o make_v but_o one_o estate_n then_o there_o can_v be_v no_o superiority_n and_o it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_a and_o difficult_a for_o any_o man_n to_o prove_v that_o any_o attendancy_n be_v make_v by_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n upon_o he_o who_o have_v the_o reversion_n 2._o here_o be_v room_n enough_o within_o the_o statute_n to_o satisfy_v that_o word_n superior_a by_o a_o plain_a and_o clear_a construction_n without_o bring_v in_o the_o reversioner_n for_o if_o the_o sheriff_n make_v a_o deputy_n or_o a_o lord_n make_v bailiff_n of_o a_o liberty_n the_o sheriff_n and_o the_o lord_n be_v proper_o the_o superior_n 3._o this_o word_n superior_n be_v use_v in_o the_o statute_n make_v the_o same_o year_n with_o this_o cap._n 2._o in_o signification_n agreeable_a with_o the_o case_n in_o question_n for_o it_o recite_v that_o where_o lord_n of_o fee_n distrain_v their_o tenant_n for_o rent_n and_o service_n and_o they_o have_v replevied_a their_o cattle_n do_v alien_a or_o sell_v they_o so_o that_o a_o return_n can_v be_v make_v then_o it_o provide_v that_o the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n shall_v take_v pledge_n to_o prosecute_v the_o suit_n before_o they_o make_v deliverance_n of_o the_o distress_n and_o if_o the_o bailiff_n be_v not_o able_a to_o restore_v that_o be_v if_o he_o take_v insufficient_a pledge_n the_o superior_a shall_v answer_v by_o which_o the_o parliament_n can_v mean_v no_o other_o than_o the_o lord_n of_o that_o liberty_n for_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v no_o end_n of_o superior_n as_o if_o there_o be_v a_o bailiwick_n in_o fee_n of_o a_o liberty_n and_o the_o bailiff_n thereof_o grant_v it_o for_o life_n in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v two_o superior_n for_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o bailiff_n be_v one_o and_o the_o bailiff_n himself_o be_v another_o which_o can_v be_v 2_o inst_z 382._o there_o be_v a_o congruity_n in_o law_n in_o say_v the_o sheriff_n and_o lord_n be_v superior_n but_o there_o can_v be_v none_o in_o make_v the_o reversioner_n a_o superior_a the_o lord_n may_v lose_v the_o liberty_n if_o his_o bailiff_n for_o life_n or_o in_o fee_n commit_v a_o forfeiture_n as_o by_o not_o attend_v the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n but_o a_o reversion_n can_v be_v lose_v by_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o tenant_n for_o life_n if_o the_o bailiff_n make_v a_o ill_a execution_n of_o a_o writ_n or_o suffer_v the_o party_n to_o escape_v the_o lord_n shall_v answer_v so_o if_o the_o marshal_n of_o england_n appoint_v a_o marshal_n there_o may_v be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o office_n because_o it_o be_v but_o still_o the_o same_o office_n and_o therefore_o the_o case_n in_o cro._n eliz._n 386._o where_o it_o be_v say_v if_o a_o office_n be_v grant_v for_o life_n the_o forfeiture_n of_o tenant_n for_o life_n shall_v be_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o whole_a office_n be_v mistake_v for_o in_o moor_n pl._n 987._o it_o be_v hold_v otherwise_o and_o upon_o the_o true_a difference_n between_o a_o deputy_n and_o a_o granteé_n for_o life_n for_o in_o the_o first_o case_n there_o may_v be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o superior_a because_o it_o be_v still_o but_o the_o same_o office_n but_o in_o the_o other_o case_n the_o superior_a shall_v not_o forfeit_v for_o any_o misdemeanour_n of_o the_o grantée_n for_o life_n because_o he_o have_v the_o freehold_a of_o the_o whole_a office_n and_o the_o other_o nothing_o but_o the_o reversion_n and_o therefore_o if_o the_o defendant_n be_v liable_a in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v in_o respect_n 1._o that_o he_o have_v grant_v the_o estate_n 2._o that_o he_o have_v the_o reversion_n or_o residue_n after_o the_o life_n of_o the_o grantee_n he_o can_v be_v charge_v in_o respect_n that_o he_o have_v grant_v the_o estate_n because_o the_o freehold_n be_v go_v and_o in_o another_o neither_o can_v he_o be_v charge_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o reversion_n because_o than_o not_o only_o his_o heir_n but_o the_o assigneé_n of_o the_o reversion_n will_v be_v chargeable_a also_o which_o can_v be_v as_o to_o the_o second_o point_n of_o this_o argument_n if_o the_o defendant_n be_v not_o chargeable_a by_o this_o statute_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v charge_v at_o the_o common_a law_n 397._o sid._n 306_o 397._o 2._o because_o the_o common_a law_n do_v not_o give_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n for_o a_o escape_n but_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n only_o neither_o do_v it_o give_v any_o remedy_n but_o against_o the_o party_n offend_v as_o to_o the_o case_n that_o have_v be_v object_v upon_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr scaccario_n where_o the_o several_a officer_n in_o the_o exchequer_n shall_v answer_v in_o their_o degree_n of_o superiority_n that_o can_v be_v applicable_a to_o this_o case_n because_o there_o can_v be_v no_o proportion_n betweén_n thing_n which_o concern_v the_o king_n revenue_n and_o prerogative_n and_o those_o of_o a_o common_a person_n the_o case_n of_o the_o coroner_n and_o the_o sheriff_n and_o of_o the_o recommend_v of_o a_o receiver_n to_o the_o king_n be_v not_o like_o this_o case_n because_o the_o king_n can_v inform_v himself_o of_o the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o party_n recommend_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v but_o reasonable_a that_o he_o who_o recommend_v shall_v be_v liable_a and_o can_v it_o be_v say_v that_o when_o the_o defendant_n be_v about_o to_o sell_v this_o office_n to_o one_o norwood_n which_o he_o have_v since_o do_v that_o if_o a_o stranger_n have_v recommend_v norwood_n and_o he_o have_v prove_v insufficient_a that_o the_o stranger_n will_v have_v be_v liable_a as_o for_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o authority_n therein_o cite_v to_o govern_v this_o case_n he_o do_v not_o answer_v they_o because_o they_o judge_v after_o their_o law_n and_o the_o common_a lawyer_n after_o another_o way_n this_o office_n have_v be_v grant_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n for_o life_n and_o no_o doubt_n but_o many_o escape_n have_v be_v make_v but_o never_o be_v any_o action_n bring_v against_o he_o in_o the_o reversion_n before_o now_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n always_o examine_v the_o sufficiency_n of_o the_o grantee_n for_o life_n which_o show_v that_o in_o all_o succession_n of_o age_n the_o opinion_n of_o learned_a man_n be_v that_o no_o escape_n can_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o reversioner_n for_o if_o so_o what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o such_o examination_n this_o be_v urge_v

assurance_n etc._n etc._n of_o land_n not_o be_v the_o land_n of_o the_o late_a king_n queen_n prince_z etc._n etc._n and_o not_o be_v land_n sell_v for_o any_o pretend_a delinquency_n since_o the_o first_o of_o june_n 1641._o and_o all_o statute_n and_o judgement_n suffer_v by_o the_o offender_n from_o be_v impeach_v from_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o parliament_n look_v upon_o entail_a land_n as_o forfeit_v for_o if_o estate_n make_v to_o other_o upon_o a_o valuable_a consideration_n have_v need_n of_o a_o proviso_n to_o save_v they_o from_o forfeiture_n à_fw-la fortiori_fw-la the_o estate_n out_o of_o which_o those_o be_v derive_v have_v need_n of_o such_o a_o save_a and_o therefore_o must_v be_v forfeit_a by_o the_o act_n for_o which_o reason_n these_o land_n be_v forfeit_v as_o to_o the_o great_a objection_n which_o have_v be_v make_v and_o insist_v on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o which_o be_v trudgeon_n case_n 22_o eliz._n 1_o inst_z 130._o where_o tenant_n in_o tail_n be_v attaint_v in_o a_o praemunire_n and_o it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o he_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o land_n but_o during_o his_o life_n for_o though_o the_o statue_n of_o 16_o r._n 2._o cap._n cap._n 5._o enact_n that_o in_o such_o case_n their_o land_n tenement_n good_n and_o chattel_n shall_v be_v forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n yet_o that_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o such_o a_o estate_n as_o he_o may_v lawful_o forfeit_v and_o that_o be_v during_o his_o own_o life_n and_o therefore_o be_v general_a word_n they_o do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr donis_fw-la so_o that_o his_o land_n in_o fee-simple_n for_o life_n etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v forfeit_v but_o the_o land_n entail_v shall_v not_o during_o his_o life_n but_o the_o answer_n be_v plain_a for_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o r._n 2._o when_o the_o statute_n of_o praemunire_n be_v make_v estate_n tail_n be_v under_o a_o perpetuity_n by_o the_o say_a statute_n de_fw-la donis_fw-la which_o statute_n be_v now_o much_o weaken_v in_o the_o point_n of_o alienation_n and_o the_o law_n be_v quite_o alter_v since_o that_o time_n and_o it_o be_v apparent_a by_o multitude_n of_o precedent_n that_o such_o strict_a construction_n have_v not_o be_v make_v since_o that_o time_n to_o preserve_v estate_n tail_n from_o forfeiture_n without_o special_a and_o particular_a word_n 164._o 4_o co._n 164._o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o case_n of_o adam_n and_o lambert_n which_o be_v a_o case_n in_o point_n the_o judge_n there_o construe_v estate_n tail_n to_o be_v forfeit_a for_o want_v of_o special_a word_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o e._n 6._o cap._n 14._o to_o save_v it_o and_o that_o be_v only_o a_o law_n make_v for_o suppress_v of_o superstitious_a use_v upon_o a_o politic_a consideration_n but_o this_o be_v a_o much_o great_a offence_n intend_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o this_o act_n in_o which_o there_o be_v demonstration_n both_o from_o the_o word_n and_o intent_n of_o the_o lawmaker_n to_o make_v this_o estate_n forfeit_v to_o the_o crown_n than_o in_o that_o case_n so_o much_o rely_v on_o and_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_o wyld_n die_v before_o judgement_n be_v give_v but_o justice_n twisden_n say_v he_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n and_o jones_n justice_n concur_v basset_z versus_fw-la salter_n sheriff_n after_o a_o escape_v the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v a_o ca._n sa._n or_o sci._n fa._n against_o the_o sheriff_n in_o a_o action_n for_o a_o escape_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v take_v out_o a_o ca._n sa._n or_o have_v a_o fi._n fa._n against_o the_o defendant_n after_o the_o sheriff_n or_o jailer_n voluntary_o suffer_v he_o to_o escape_v but_o the_o court_n will_v not_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v argue_v because_o it_o have_v be_v late_o settle_v that_o it_o be_v at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o do_v either_o and_o upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v in_o the_o exchequer-chamber_n the_o judge_n there_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n but_o in_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n vaughan_n time_n the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n be_v divide_v but_o it_o be_v since_o settle_v 1_o roll._n abridg._n 901_o 902._o if_o there_o be_v a_o escape_n by_o the_o plaintiff_n consent_n though_o he_o do_v not_o intend_v it_o the_o law_n be_v hard_a that_o the_o debt_n shall_v be_v thereby_o discharge_v as_o where_o one_o be_v in_o execution_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o some_o proposal_n be_v make_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o prisoner_n who_o see_v there_o be_v some_o likelihood_n of_o a_o accommodation_n consent_v to_o a_o meeting_n in_o london_n and_o desire_v the_o prisoner_n may_v be_v there_o who_o come_v according_o and_o this_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o escape_n with_o the_o 330._o the_o if_o it_o have_v be_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o sheriff_n he_o can_v never_o take_v he_o again_o but_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v sid._n 330._o consent_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o he_o can_v never_o after_o be_v in_o execution_n at_o his_o suit_n for_o the_o same_o matter_n perk_n versus_fw-la hill_n in_o communi_fw-la banco_n 221._o bond_n good_a give_v in_o discharge_n of_o another_o mod._n rep._n 221._o debt_n upon_o a_o bond_n bring_v against_o the_o defendant_n as_o administrator_n who_o plead_v that_o he_o give_v another_o bond_n in_o his_o own_o name_n in_o discharge_n of_o the_o first_o bond_n and_o upon_o issue_n join_v it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o defendant_n and_o it_o be_v move_v that_o judgement_n may_v not_o be_v enter_v hereupon_o because_o it_o be_v a_o bad_a plea_n but_o north_n chief_a justice_n and_o wyndham_n and_o scroggs_n justice_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o good_a plea_n because_o there_o be_v other_o security_n give_v than_o what_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v before_o for_o upon_o the_o first_o bond_n he_o be_v only_o liable_a de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la intestatoris_fw-la but_o now_o he_o may_v be_v charge_v in_o his_o own_o right_n b._n co._n lit._n 122._o b._n which_o may_v be_v well_o say_v to_o be_v in_o full_a satisfaction_n of_o the_o first_o obligation_n for_o where_o the_o condition_n be_v for_o payment_n of_o money_n to_o the_o party_n himself_o there_o if_o he_o accept_v any_o collateral_a thing_n in_o satisfaction_n it_o be_v good_a if_o a_o security_n be_v give_v by_o a_o stranger_n it_o may_v discharge_v a_o former_a bond_n and_o this_o in_o effect_n be_v give_v by_o such_o and_o it_o be_v not_o like_o the_o case_n in_o hobert_n where_o a_o bond_n be_v give_v by_o the_o same_o party_n upon_o that_o very_a day_n a_o former_a bond_n be_v payable_a and_o adjudge_v not_o a_o good_a discharge_n for_o the_o obligee_n be_v in_o no_o better_a condition_n than_o he_o be_v before_o justice_n atkins_n doubt_v but_o incline_v that_o one_o bond_n can_v be_v discharge_v by_o give_v another_o though_o the_o discharge_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o bond_n and_o for_o this_o he_o cite_v 85._o cro._n car._n 85._o cro._n eliz._n 716_o 727._o which_o be_v a_o case_n adjudge_v so_o in_o point_n and_o therefore_o this_o plea_n upon_o demurrer_n shall_v have_v be_v overrule_v yet_o since_o issue_n be_v take_v upon_o it_o and_o a_o verdict_n for_o the_o defendant_n the_o plea_n be_v help_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o jeofail_n 32_o h._n 8._o here_o be_v a_o direct_a affirmative_a and_o negative_a but_o as_o to_o that_o the_o chief_a justice_n and_o scroggs_n justice_n reply_v that_o a_o immaterial_a issue_n no_o way_n arise_v from_o the_o matter_n be_v not_o help_v as_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o bond_n lay_v to_o be_v make_v in_o london_n and_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o it_o be_v make_v in_o middlesex_n and_o this_o be_v try_v it_o be_v not_o aid_v by_o the_o statute_n but_o there_o must_v be_v a_o repleader_n but_o because_o it_o be_v swear_v that_o the_o obligor_fw-la who_o be_v the_o intestate_a be_v alive_a four_o year_n after_o the_o time_n that_o the_o second_o bond_n be_v give_v and_o for_o that_o reason_n it_o can_v not_o be_v give_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o defendant_n be_v liable_a as_o administrator_n but_o must_v be_v intend_v a_o bond_n to_o secure_v a_o debt_n of_o his_o own_o therefore_o a_o new_a trial_n be_v grant_v cook_n and_o other_o versus_fw-la herle_n 223._o covenant_n will_v lie_v in_o the_o personalty_n though_o the_o grant_v be_v execute_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o uses_n which_o make_v a_o distress_n the_o proper_a remedy_n mod._n rep._n 223._o in_o covenant_n the_o case_n be_v this_o charles_n cook_n make_v a_o jointure_n to_o mary_n his_o wife_n for_o life_n and_o die_v without_o issue_n the_o land_n descend_v to_o thomas_n cook_n his_o brother_n and_o heir_n who_o grant_v a_o annuity_n or_o rent_n charge_v of_o 200_o l._n per_fw-la

annum_fw-la to_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o trust_n for_o mary_n and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v in_o discharge_n of_o the_o say_a jointure_n habendum_fw-la to_o they_o their_o heir_n executor_n administrator_n and_o assign_v in_o trust_n for_o the_o say_v mary_n for_o life_n with_o a_o clause_n of_o distress_n and_o a_o covenant_n to_o pay_v the_o 200_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o the_o say_a trustee_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o say_v mary_n the_o breach_n assign_v be_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v not_o pay_v the_o rent_n to_o they_o for_o the_o use_v of_o mary_n the_o defendant_n demur_v special_o for_o that_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n own_o show_v that_o here_o be_v a_o grant_n of_o a_o rent-charge_a for_o life_n which_o be_v execute_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o use_v and_o therefore_o there_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v a_o distress_n for_o nonpayment_n which_o be_v the_o proper_a remedy_n give_v by_o the_o statute_n and_o this_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v in_o the_o personalty_n 2._o it_o be_v say_v the_o defendant_n do_v not_o pay_v it_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o the_o use_n of_o mary_n which_o be_v a_o negative_a pregnant_a and_o imply_v that_o it_o be_v pay_v to_o they_o 3._o it_o be_v not_o aver_v that_o the_o money_n be_v not_o pay_v to_o mary_n and_o if_o it_o be_v pay_v to_o she_o than_o the_o breach_n be_v not_o well_o assign_v quer._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la quer._n but_o sergeant_n baldwin_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n reply_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o question_n in_o this_o case_n whether_o this_o rend_a charge_n be_v execute_v by_o the_o statute_n or_o not_o for_o quacunque_fw-la via_fw-la data_fw-la a_o action_n of_o covenant_n will_v lie_v and_o that_o the_o breach_n be_v assign_v according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o the_o covenant_n and_o so_o prima_fw-la fancy_n it_o be_v well_o enough_o for_o if_o the_o defendant_n do_v pay_v the_o money_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n he_o may_v plead_v it_o and_o so_o he_o may_v likewise_o if_o he_o pay_v it_o to_o mary_n curia_fw-la curia_fw-la the_o court_n be_v all_o of_o opinion_n that_o this_o rent-charge_a be_v execute_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o use_v by_o the_o express_a word_n thereof_o which_o execute_v such_o rent_n grant_v for_o life_n upon_o trust_n as_o this_o case_n be_v and_o transfer_v all_o right_n and_o remedy_n incident_a thereunto_o together_o with_o the_o possession_n to_o cestuy_v que_fw-fr use_n so_o that_o though_o the_o power_n of_o distrain_v be_v limit_v to_o the_o trustée_n by_o this_o deéd_v yet_o by_o the_o statute_n which_o transfer_v that_o power_n to_o mary_n she_o may_v distrain_v also_o but_o this_o covenant_n be_v collateral_a can_v be_v transfer_v the_o clause_n of_o distress_n by_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o act_n be_v give_v to_o the_o cestuy_n que_fw-fr use_n but_o here_o be_v a_o double_a remedy_n by_o distress_n or_o action_n for_o if_o the_o lessée_fw-fr assign_v his_o interest_n and_o the_o rent_n be_v accept_v of_o the_o assignee_n yet_o a_o covenant_n lie_v against_o the_o lessée_fw-fr for_o nonpayment_n upon_o the_o express_a covenant_n to_o antea_fw-la to_o hay_n and_o bickerstaff_n hollis_n and_o carr_n antea_fw-la pay_v so_o if_o a_o rent_n be_v grant_v to_o s._n and_o a_o covenant_n to_o pay_v it_o to_o n._n for_o his_o use_n it_o be_v a_o good_a covenant_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o assignment_n of_o a_o breach_n according_a to_o the_o word_n of_o the_o covenant_n be_v good_a enough_o and_o that_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v which_o amount_v to_o a_o performance_n the_o other_o side_n must_v plead_v it_o as_o in_o this_o case_n the_o defendant_n may_v have_v plead_v that_o the_o money_n be_v pay_v to_o mary_n which_o be_v a_o performance_n in_o substance_n but_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v intend_v without_o plead_v of_o it_o whereupon_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n read_v versus_fw-la dawson_n debt_n upon_o bond_n against_o the_o defendant_n as_o executor_n issue_n repleader_n after_o a_o immaterial_a issue_n issue_n be_v join_v whether_o the_o defendant_n have_v asset_n or_o not_o on_o the_o thirty_o day_n of_o november_n which_o be_v the_o day_n on_o which_o he_o have_v the_o first_o notice_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n original_a writ_n and_o it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o defendant_n that_o then_o he_o have_v not_o asset_n it_o be_v move_v for_o a_o repleader_n because_o it_o be_v say_v this_o be_v a_o immaterial_a issue_n for_o though_o he_o have_v not_o asset_n then_z yet_o if_o he_o have_v any_o afterward_o he_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o plaintiff_n action_n but_o barrel_n serjeant_n move_v for_o judgement_n upon_o this_o verdict_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 32_o h._n 8._o which_o help_v in_o case_n of_o mispleading_a or_o insufficient_a plead_v it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v many_o case_n which_o after_o verdict_n be_v not_o aid_v by_o this_o statute_n as_o if_o there_o be_v two_o affirmative_n which_o can_v make_v a_o issue_n or_o when_o after_o a_o traverse_v issue_n be_v join_v with_o a_o hoc_fw-la petit_fw-la quod_fw-la inquiratur_fw-la per_fw-la patriam_fw-la this_o be_v no_o issue_n 2_o anders_n 6_o &_o 7._o 126._o yelv._n 210._o hob._n 126._o so_o if_o there_o be_v no_o plea_n at_o all_o as_o if_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v against_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr and_o she_o plead_v only_o 2_o cro._n 288._o so_o if_o the_o party_n put_v himself_o super_fw-la patriam_fw-la where_o it_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o record_n or_o if_o the_o plea_n be_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n or_o lie_v not_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o party_n such_o immaterial_a issue_n as_o these_o can_v be_v good_a the_o difference_n in_o moor_n 867._o be_v if_o the_o plea_n on_o which_o the_o issue_n be_v join_v have_v no_o colourable_a pretence_n in_o it_o to_o bar_v the_o plaintiff_n or_o if_o it_o be_v against_o a_o express_a rule_n in_o the_o law_n there_o the_o issue_n be_v immaterial_a and_o so_o as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o issue_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v not_o aid_v by_o the_o statute_n but_o if_o it_o have_v the_o countenance_n of_o a_o legal_a plea_n though_o it_o want_v necessary_a matter_n to_o make_v it_o sufficient_a there_o shall_v be_v no_o repleader_n because_o it_o be_v help_v after_o verdict_n here_o the_o party_n only_o doubt_v whether_o there_o be_v asset_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o notice_n and_o it_o be_v find_v there_o be_v none_o and_o so_o judgement_n be_v to_o be_v give_v according_o and_o of_o that_o opinion_n be_v the_o whole_a court_n but_o justice_n atkins_n be_v clear_a of_o opinion_n that_o if_o the_o party_n join_v in_o a_o immaterial_a issue_n there_o shall_v be_v no_o repleader_n because_o it_o be_v help_v after_o verdict_n by_o these_o word_n in_o the_o statute_n viz._n any_o issue_n it_o be_v not_o say_v a_o issue_n join_v upon_o a_o material_a point_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v to_o prevent_v repleader_n and_o that_o if_o any_o other_o construction_n shall_v be_v make_v of_o that_o act_n he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o judge_n sit_v there_o not_o to_o expound_v but_o to_o make_v a_o law_n for_o by_o such_o a_o interpretation_n much_o of_o the_o benefit_n intend_v by_o the_o act_n to_o the_o party_n who_o have_v a_o verdict_n will_v be_v restrain_v curia_fw-la curia_fw-la the_o other_o justice_n be_v all_o of_o opinion_n that_o since_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n it_o have_v be_v always_o allow_v and_o take_v as_o a_o difference_n that_o when_o the_o issue_n be_v perfect_o material_a there_o shall_v be_v no_o repleader_n but_o that_o it_o be_v otherwise_o where_o the_o issue_n be_v not_o material_a and_o justice_n scroggs_n ask_v merry_o if_o debt_n be_v bring_v upon_o a_o bond_n and_o the_o defendant_n plead_v robin_n hood_n dwell_v in_o a_o wood_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n join_v issue_n that_o he_o do_v not_o this_o be_v a_o immaterial_a issue_n and_o shall_v there_o not_o be_v a_o repleader_n in_o such_o case_n after_o verdict_n ad_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la responsum_fw-la beaumond_n versus_fw-la ........_o law_n wager_n of_o law_n the_o plaintiff_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n upon_o a_o judgement_n obtain_v against_o the_o defendant_n in_o a_o court_n baron_fw-fr have_v declare_v there_o in_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o assumpsit_fw-la and_o recover_v the_o defendant_n come_v to_o wage_v his_o law_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o swear_v that_o he_o owe_v the_o plaintiff_n nothing_o 366._o sid._n 366._o but_o the_o court_n hold_v that_o he_o be_v not_o well_o advise_v for_o by_o the_o recovery_n in_o the_o inferior_a court_n it_o become_v now_o a_o debt_n and_o be_v owe_v and_o be_v ask_v whether_o he_o have_v pay_v the_o money_n he_o answer_v that_o he_o owe_v nothing_o whereupon_o the_o court_n

likewise_o address_v to_o my_o lord_n as_o before_o make_v several_a protestation_n of_o his_o innocency_n but_o have_v once_o in_o a_o passion_n say_v that_o he_o scorn_v to_o submit_v my_o lord_n for_o that_o reason_n will_v not_o remit_v the_o damage_n it_o be_v therefore_o move_v for_o a_o new_a trial_n upon_o these_o reason_n 1._o because_o the_o witness_n who_o prove_v the_o word_n be_v not_o person_n of_o credit_n and_o that_o at_o the_o time_n when_o they_o be_v allege_v to_o be_v speak_v many_o clergyman_n be_v in_o company_n with_o the_o defendant_n and_o hear_v no_o such_o word_n speak_v 2._o it_o be_v swear_v that_o one_o of_o the_o jury_n confess_v that_o they_o give_v such_o great_a damage_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n not_o that_o he_o be_v damnify_v so_o much_o but_o that_o he_o may_v have_v the_o great_a opportunity_n to_o show_v himself_o noble_a in_o the_o remit_v of_o they_o 3._o and_o which_o be_v the_o principal_a reason_n because_o the_o damage_n be_v excessive_a curia_fw-la curia_fw-la the_o court_n deliver_v their_o opinion_n seriatim_o and_o first_o the_o chief_a justice_n north_n say_v in_o case_n of_o fine_n for_o criminal_a matter_n a_o man_n be_v to_o be_v fine_v by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la with_o a_o salvo_fw-la contenemento_fw-it svo_fw-la and_o no_o fine_a be_v to_o be_v impose_v great_a than_o he_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v but_o in_o civil_a action_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v to_o recover_v by_o way_n of_o compensation_n for_o the_o damage_n he_o have_v sustain_v and_o the_o jury_n be_v the_o proper_a judge_n thereof_o this_o be_v a_o civil_a action_n bring_v by_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o word_n speak_v of_o he_o which_o if_o they_o be_v in_o their_o own_o nature_n actionable_a the_o jury_n ought_v to_o consider_v the_o damage_n which_o the_o party_n may_v sustain_v but_o if_o a_o particular_a averment_n of_o special_a damage_n make_v they_o actionable_a than_o the_o jury_n be_v only_o to_o consider_v such_o damage_n as_o be_v already_o sustain_v and_o not_o such_o as_o may_v happen_v in_o futuro_fw-la because_o for_o such_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v a_o new_a action_n he_o say_v that_o as_o a_o judge_n he_o can_v not_o tell_v what_o value_n to_o set_v upon_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o jury_n have_v give_v 4000_o l._n and_o therefore_o he_o can_v neither_o lessen_v the_o sum_n or_o grant_v a_o new_a trial_n especial_o since_o by_o the_o law_n the_o jury_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o damage_n and_o it_o will_v be_v very_o inconvenient_a to_o examine_v upon_o what_o account_n they_o give_v their_o verdict_n they_o have_v find_v the_o defendant_n guilty_a do_v believe_v the_o witness_n and_o he_o can_v not_o now_o make_v a_o doubt_n of_o their_o credibility_n wyndham_n justice_n accord_v in_o omnibus_fw-la atkins_n justice_n contra_fw-la that_o a_o new_a trial_n shall_v be_v grant_v for_o it_o be_v every_o day_n practice_n and_o he_o remember_v the_o case_n of_o gouldston_n and_o wood_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n where_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n for_o word_n for_o call_v of_o he_o bankrupt_a recover_v 1500_o l._n and_o that_o court_v grant_v a_o new_a trial_n because_o the_o damage_n be_v excessive_a the_o jury_n in_o this_o case_n ought_v to_o have_v respect_n only_o to_o the_o damage_n which_o the_o plaintiff_n sustain_v and_o not_o to_o do_v a_o unaccountable_a thing_n that_o he_o may_v have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o show_v himself_o generous_a and_o as_o the_o court_n ought_v with_o one_o eye_n to_o look_v upon_o the_o verdict_n so_o with_o the_o other_o they_o ought_v to_o take_v notice_n what_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o declaration_n and_o then_o to_o consider_v whether_o the_o word_n and_o damage_n bear_v any_o proportion_n if_o not_o than_o the_o court_n ought_v to_o lay_v their_o hand_n upon_o the_o verdict_n it_o be_v true_a they_o can_v lessen_v the_o damage_n but_o if_o they_o be_v too_o great_a the_o court_n may_v grant_v a_o new_a trial_n scroggs_n justice_n accord_v with_o north_n and_o wyndham_n that_o no_o new_a trial_n can_v be_v grant_v in_o this_o cause_n he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v of_o council_n with_o the_o plaintiff_n before_o he_o be_v call_v to_o the_o bench_n and_o may_v therefore_o be_v suppose_v to_o give_v judgement_n in_o favour_n of_o his_o former_a client_n be_v prepossess_v in_o the_o cause_n or_o else_o to_o show_v himself_o more_o signal_o just_a may_v without_o consider_v the_o matter_n give_v judgement_n against_o he_o but_o that_o now_o he_o have_v forget_v all_o former_a relation_n thereunto_o and_o therefore_o deliver_v his_o opinion_n that_o if_o he_o have_v be_v of_o the_o jury_n he_o shall_v not_o have_v give_v such_o a_o verdict_n and_o if_o he_o have_v be_v plaintiff_n he_o will_v not_o take_v advantage_n of_o it_o but_o will_v overcome_v with_o forgiveness_n such_o folly_n and_o indiscretion_n of_o which_o the_o defendant_n have_v be_v guilty_a but_o that_o he_o do_v not_o sit_v there_o to_o give_v advice_n but_o to_o do_v justice_n to_o the_o people_n he_o do_v agrèe_v that_o where_o a_o unequal_a trial_n be_v as_o such_o must_v be_v where_o there_o be_v any_o practice_n with_o the_o jury_n in_o such_o case_n it_o be_v good_a reason_n to_o grant_v a_o new_a trial_n but_o no_o such_o thing_n appear_v to_o he_o in_o this_o case_n a_o new_a trial_n can_v not_o be_v grant_v suppose_v the_o jury_n have_v give_v a_o scandalous_a verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n as_o a_o penny_n damage_n he_o can_v not_o have_v obtain_v a_o new_a trial_n in_o hope_n to_o increase_v they_o neither_o shall_v the_o defendant_n in_o hope_n to_o lessen_v they_o and_o therefore_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o these_o three_o justice_n a_o new_a trial_n be_v not_o grant_v afterward_o in_o this_o term_n serjeant_n maynard_n move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n and_o say_v that_o this_o action_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o r._n 2._o which_o consist_v of_o a_o preamble_n recite_v the_o mischief_n and_o of_o the_o enact_v part_n in_o give_v of_o a_o remedy_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n case_n be_v neither_o within_o the_o mischief_n or_o the_o remedy_n this_o statute_n do_v not_o create_v any_o action_n by_o way_n of_o particular_a design_n and_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v now_o res_fw-la integra_fw-la much_o may_v be_v say_v that_o a_o action_n for_o damage_n will_v not_o lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 2._o appoint_v that_o the_o offender_n shall_v suffer_v imprisonment_n until_o he_o produce_v the_o author_n of_o a_o false_a report_n 33._o ca._n 33._o and_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o r._n 2._o which_o recite_v that_o of_o westm_n 2._o give_v the_o same_o punishment_n and_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v qui_fw-la tam_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o the_o plaintiff_n only_o recover_v for_o himself_o it_o be_v usual_a to_o punish_v offender_n in_o this_o kind_n in_o the_o star_n chamber_n as_o in_o the_o *_o earl_n of_o northampton_n case_n where_o one_o goodrick_n say_v of_o he_o that_o he_o write_v a_o book_n against_o garnet_n and_o a_o letter_n to_o bellarmine_n 132._o 12_o co._n 132._o intimate_v that_o what_o he_o write_v in_o the_o book_n be_v not_o his_o opinion_n but_o only_o ad_fw-la captandum_fw-la populum_fw-la which_o be_v a_o great_a disgrace_n to_o he_o in_o those_o day_n be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v he_o be_v a_o papist_n cro._n eliz._n but_o the_o sergeant_n will_v not_o insist_v upon_o that_o now_o since_o it_o have_v be_v rule_v that_o where_o a_o statute_n prohibit_v the_o do_v of_o a_o thing_n which_o if_o do_v may_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o another_o in_o such_o case_n he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n upon_o that_o very_a statute_n for_o his_o damage_n but_o the_o ground_n on_o which_o he_o argue_v be_v that_o these_o word_n as_o speak_v be_v not_o within_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o act_n for_o they_o be_v not_o actionable_a 1._o because_o they_o be_v no_o scandal_n and_o word_n which_o be_v actionable_a must_v import_v a_o great_a scandal_n which_o no_o circumstance_n or_o occasion_n of_o speak_v can_v excuse_v and_o if_o they_o be_v scandalous_a and_o capable_a of_o any_o mitigation_n by_o the_o precedent_a discourse_n the_o plead_n of_o that_o matter_n will_v make_v they_o not_o actionable_a and_o for_o this_o the_o lord_n co._n lord_n 4_o co._n cromwel_n case_n be_v a_o plain_a authority_n the_o word_n speak_v of_o he_o be_v you_o like_v those_o that_o maintain_v sedition_n against_o the_o king_n person_n the_o occasion_n of_o speak_v of_o which_o be_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o favour_v the_o puritan_n preacher_n which_o be_v all_o that_o be_v intend_v by_o the_o former_a discourse_n for_o that_o lord_n have_v approve_v a_o sermon_n which_o be_v preach_v by_o a_o parson_n

the_o understanding_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o r._n 2._o cap._n 5._o upon_o which_o this_o action_n of_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la be_v ground_v to_o consider_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o make_n of_o it_o in_o those_o day_n the_o english_a be_v quite_o of_o another_o nature_n and_o genius_n from_o what_o they_o be_v at_o this_o time_n the_o constitution_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v then_o martial_a and_o give_v to_o arm_n the_o very_a tenor_n be_v military_a and_o so_o be_v the_o service_n as_o knight_n service_n castleguard_n and_o escuage_z there_o be_v many_o castle_n of_o defence_n in_o those_o day_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o private_a man_n their_o sport_n and_o pastime_n be_v such_o as_o tilt_n and_o tournament_n and_o all_o their_o employment_n be_v tend_v to_o breed_v they_o up_o in_o chivalry_n those_o who_o have_v any_o dependency_n upon_o noble_a man_n be_v enure_v to_o bow_n and_o arrow_n and_o to_o signalise_v themselves_o in_o valour_n it_o be_v the_o only_a way_n to_o riches_n and_o honour_n art_n and_o science_n have_v not_o get_v such_o ground_n in_o the_o kingdom_n as_o now_o but_o the_o commons_o have_v almost_o their_o dependence_n upon_o the_o lord_n who_o power_n then_o be_v excee_o great_a and_o their_o practice_n be_v conformable_a to_o their_o power_n and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o so_o few_o action_n be_v former_o bring_v for_o scandal_n because_o when_o a_o man_n be_v injure_v by_o word_n he_o carve_v out_o his_o own_o remedy_n by_o his_o sword_n there_o be_v many_o statute_n make_v against_o ride_v private_o arm_v which_o man_n use_v in_o those_o day_n to_o repair_v themselves_o of_o any_o injury_n do_v unto_o they_o for_o they_o have_v immediate_o recourse_n to_o their_o arm_n for_o that_o purpose_n and_o seldom_o or_o never_o use_v to_o bring_v any_o action_n for_o damage_n this_o be_v their_o revenge_n and_o have_v thus_o make_v themselves_o judge_n in_o their_o own_o case_n it_o be_v reasonable_a that_o they_o shall_v do_v themselves_o justice_n with_o their_o own_o weapon_n but_o this_o revenge_n do_v not_o usual_o end_v in_o private_a quarrel_n they_o take_v party_n engage_v their_o friend_n their_o tenant_n and_o servant_n on_o their_o side_n and_o by_o such_o mean_n make_v great_a faction_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v often_o in_o a_o flame_n and_o the_o government_n as_o often_o in_o danger_n of_o be_v subvert_v so_o that_o law_n be_v then_o make_v against_o wear_v livery_n or_o badge_n and_o against_o ride_v arm_v this_o be_v the_o mischief_n of_o those_o time_n to_o prevent_v which_o this_o statute_n of_o r._n 2._o be_v make_v and_o therefore_o all_o provoke_a and_o vilify_a word_n which_o be_v use_v before_o to_o exasperate_v the_o peer_n and_o to_o make_v they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o arm_n by_o the_o intent_n of_o this_o act_n be_v clear_o forbid_v which_o be_v make_v chief_o to_o prevent_v such_o consequence_n for_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o make_v a_o law_n and_o thereby_o to_o give_v a_o péer_o a_o action_n for_o such_o word_n as_o a_o common_a person_n may_v have_v before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o statute_n and_o for_o which_o the_o peer_n himself_o have_v a_o remedy_n also_o at_o the_o common_a law_n and_o therefore_o need_v not_o the_o help_n of_o this_o act._n if_o then_o the_o design_n of_o this_o statute_n be_v to_o hinder_v such_o practice_n as_o aforesaid_a the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v what_o be_v usual_a in_o those_o day_n to_o raise_v the_o passion_n of_o peer_n to_o that_o degreé_n and_o that_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v not_o only_o such_o thing_n as_o import_v a_o great_a scandal_n in_o themselves_o or_o such_o for_o which_o a_o action_n lie_v at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o even_o such_o thing_n as_o savour_v of_o any_o contempt_n of_o their_o person_n and_o such_o as_o bring_v they_o into_o disgrace_n with_o the_o commons_o for_o hereby_o they_o take_v occasion_n of_o provocation_n and_o revenge_n it_o be_v true_a that_o very_o few_o action_n be_v bring_v upon_o this_o statute_n in_o some_o considerable_a time_n after_o it_o be_v make_v for_o though_o such_o practice_n be_v thereby_o prohibit_v the_o lord_n do_v not_o present_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o remedy_n therein_o give_v but_o continue_v the_o military_a way_n of_o revenge_n to_o which_o they_o have_v be_v accustom_v as_o to_o the_o first_o objection_n that_o have_v be_v make_v he_o give_v no_o answer_n to_o it_o because_o it_o be_v not_o much_o insist_v upon_o on_o the_o other_o side_n whether_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n for_o the_o very_a word_n of_o it_o be_v sufficient_a ground_n for_o a_o action_n and_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v that_o wherever_o a_o act_n prohibit_v a_o evil_a thing_n maxim_n maxim_n the_o person_n against_o who_o such_o thing_n be_v do_v may_v maintain_v a_o action_n this_o statute_n consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o first_o be_v prohibitory_a ante._n vide_fw-la ante._n viz._n that_o no_o man_n shall_v do_v so_o etc._n etc._n then_o come_v the_o additional_a clause_n and_o say_v that_o if_o he_o do_v he_o shall_v incur_v such_o penalty_n it_o be_v on_o the_o first_o part_n that_o this_o action_n be_v ground_v and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o earl_n of_o northampton_n case_n in_o that_o report_n which_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o the_o lord_n coke_n 12_o report_n where_o by_o the_o resolution_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n in_o england_n except_o fleming_n who_o be_v absent_a it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o any_o particular_a crime_n shall_v be_v fix_v on_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o any_o offence_n for_o which_o he_o may_v be_v indict_v so_o be_v the_o authority_n in_o all_o the_o case_n relate_v to_o this_o action_n in_o the_o lord_n 196._o lord_n 4_o co._n 13._o b._n 2_o cro._n 196._o cromwel_n case_n for_o these_o word_n you_o like_v those_o who_o maintain_v sedition_n in_o the_o lord_n of_o lincoln_n case_n my_o lord_n be_v a_o base_a earl_n and_o a_o paltry_a lord_n and_o keep_v none_o but_o rogue_n and_o rascal_n like_o himself_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n case_n he_o have_v no_o more_o conscience_n than_o a_o dog_n in_o the_o lord_n r._n lord_n hill_n 16_o car._n 2_o rot._n 1269._o affirm_v in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o b_o r._n marquis_n of_o dorchester_n case_n he_o be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v value_v than_o the_o black_a dog_n which_o lie_v there_o all_o which_o word_n be_v hold_v actionable_a and_o yet_o they_o touch_v not_o the_o person_n in_o any_o thing_n concern_v the_o government_n or_o charge_v they_o with_o any_o crime_n but_o in_o point_n of_o dignity_n or_o honour_n and_o they_o be_v all_o villify_a word_n and_o may_v give_v occasion_n of_o revenge_n and_o so_o be_v the_o word_n for_o which_o this_o action_n be_v bring_v they_o be_v rude_a uncivil_a and_o ill_o nature_a unworthy_a be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v base_a and_o 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be_v as_o scandalous_a for_o to_o say_v a_o man_n act_n against_o law_n and_o reason_n import_v several_a such_o act_n do_v a_o man_n be_v not_o denominate_v to_o be_v unworthy_a by_o do_v of_o one_o single_a act_n for_o in_o these_o word_n more_o be_v imply_v than_o to_o say_v he_o have_v do_v a_o unworthy_a thing_n for_o the_o word_n seem_v to_o relate_v to_o the_o office_n which_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v in_o the_o country_n as_o lord_z lieutenant_z which_o be_v a_o office_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o can_v any_o thing_n tend_v to_o cause_v more_o discord_n and_o disturbance_n in_o the_o kingdom_n than_o to_o say_v of_o a_o great_a officer_n that_o he_o act_v according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n the_o consequence_n

of_o which_o be_v that_o he_o will_v be_v rather_o scorn_v than_o obey_v it_o have_v be_v object_v that_o the_o word_n be_v general_a and_o charge_v he_o not_o with_o any_o act_n answ_n the_o scandal_n be_v the_o great_a for_o it_o be_v not_o so_o bad_a to_o say_v a_o man_n do_v such_o a_o particular_a thing_n against_o law_n and_o reason_n as_o to_o say_v he_o act_n against_o law_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v his_o constant_a course_n and_o practice_n be_v such_o and_o to_o say_v that_o the_o word_n may_v be_v mean_v of_o break_v a_o penal_a law_n that_o be_v a_o foreign_a construction_n for_o the_o plain_a sense_n be_v he_o act_v against_o the_o know_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o his_o practice_n and_o design_n be_v so_o to_o do_v for_o he_o will_v be_v guide_v neither_o by_o law_n or_o reason_n object_n it_o have_v be_v object_v that_o the_o scandal_n must_v be_v false_a but_o whether_o true_a or_o not_o there_o can_v be_v no_o justification_n here_o because_o they_o be_v so_o general_a that_o they_o can_v be_v put_v in_o issue_n answ_n he_o agree_v that_o no_o action_n will_v lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n if_o the_o word_n be_v true_a but_o in_o some_o case_n the_o divulge_v of_o a_o scandal_n be_v a_o offence_n at_o the_o common_a law_n now_o to_o argue_v as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o the_o defendant_n can_v justify_v and_o therefore_o a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v be_v a_o false_a consequence_n because_o word_n may_v be_v scandalous_a and_o derogatory_n to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o peer_n and_o yet_o the_o subject_a matter_n may_v not_o be_v put_v in_o issue_n he_o agree_v also_o that_o occasional_a circumstance_n may_v extenuate_v and_o excuse_v the_o word_n though_o ill_o in_o themselves_o but_o this_o can_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o case_n in_o question_n because_o the_o word_n be_v not_o mitigate_v the_o defendant_n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o insist_v on_o his_o innocence_n the_o jury_n have_v find_v he_o guilty_a which_o be_v a_o aggravation_n of_o his_o crime_n if_o he_o will_v have_v extenuate_v they_o by_o any_o occasion_n upon_o which_o they_o be_v speak_v he_o shall_v have_v plead_v it_o special_o or_o offer_v it_o in_o evidence_n neither_o of_o which_o be_v do_v this_o act_n be_v to_o be_v take_v favourable_o for_o he_o against_o who_o the_o word_n be_v speak_v because_o it_o be_v to_o prevent_v great_a mischief_n which_o may_v fall_v out_o in_o the_o kingdom_n by_o rude_a and_o uncivil_a discourse_n and_o in_o such_o case_n it_o be_v usual_a for_o court_n rather_o to_o enlarge_v the_o remedy_n than_o to_o admit_v of_o any_o extenuation_n for_o which_o reason_n he_o pray_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v his_o judgement_n it_o be_v argue_v by_o sergeant_n calthrop_n on_o the_o same_o side_n and_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n afterward_o this_o term_n all_o the_o judge_n argue_v this_o case_n bench._n argument_n at_o the_o bench._n seriatim_o at_o the_o bench._n and_o first_o justice_n scroggs_n say_v that_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o damage_n give_v shall_v not_o prevail_v with_o he_o either_o on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o at_o the_o common_a law_n no_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o such_o word_n though_o speak_v of_o a_o peer_n for_o such_o action_n be_v not_o former_o much_o countenance_v but_o now_o since_o a_o remedy_n be_v give_v by_o the_o statute_n word_n shall_v not_o be_v construe_v either_o in_o a_o rigid_a or_o mild_a sense_n but_o according_a to_o the_o genuine_a and_o natural_a meaning_n and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o common_a understanding_n of_o all_o men._n at_o the_o bar_n the_o strain_a sense_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v that_o these_o word_n import_v he_o be_v no_o man_n of_o honour_n and_o for_o the_o defendant_n that_o they_o import_v no_o scandal_n and_o that_o no_o more_o be_v mean_v by_o they_o but_o what_o may_v be_v say_v of_o every_o man._n it_o be_v true_a in_o respect_n of_o god_n almighty_n we_o be_v all_o unworthy_a but_o the_o subsequent_a clause_n explain_v what_o unworthiness_n the_o defendant_n intend_v for_o he_o infer_v he_o to_o be_v unworthy_a because_o he_o act_n against_o law_n and_o reason_n now_o whether_o the_o word_n thus_o explain_v fix_v any_o crime_n on_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v next_o to_o be_v consider_v and_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o they_o do_v fix_v a_o crime_n upon_o he_o for_o to_o say_v he_o be_v a_o unworthy_a man_n be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v he_o be_v a_o vicious_a person_n and_o be_v the_o same_o as_o to_o call_v he_o a_o corrupt_a man_n which_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o peer_n be_v actionable_a for_o general_a word_n be_v sufficient_a to_o support_v such_o a_o action_n though_o not_o for_o a_o common_a person_n to_o say_v a_o man_z act_n against_o law_n and_o reason_n be_v no_o crime_n if_o he_o do_v it_o ignorant_o and_o therefore_o if_o he_o have_v say_v my_o lord_n be_v a_o weak_a man_n for_o he_o act_n against_o law_n and_o reason_n such_o word_n have_v not_o be_v actionable_a but_o these_o word_n as_o speak_v do_v not_o relate_v to_o his_o understanding_n but_o to_o his_o moral_n they_o relate_v to_o he_o also_o as_o a_o peer_n though_o the_o contrary_n have_v be_v object_v that_o they_o relate_v to_o he_o only_o as_o a_o man_n which_o be_v too_o nice_a a_o distinction_n for_o to_o distinguish_v between_o a_o man_n and_o his_o peerage_n be_v like_o the_o distinction_n between_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o authority_n which_o have_v be_v often_o explode_v the_o word_n affect_v he_o in_o all_o quality_n and_o all_o relation_n it_o have_v be_v also_o object_v that_o the_o word_n be_v too_o general_a and_o like_o the_o case_n of_o the_o bishop_n return_v that_o a_o man_n be_v criminosus_fw-la which_o be_v not_o good_a but_o though_o they_o be_v general_a in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o peer_n they_o be_v actionable_a for_o to_o say_v of_o a_o bishop_n that_o he_o be_v a_o wicked_a man_n these_o be_v as_o general_a word_n and_o yet_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v it_o have_v be_v also_o object_v that_o general_a word_n can_v be_v justify_v but_o he_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n as_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n who_o be_v lord_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o county_n have_v lay_v a_o unequal_a charge_n upon_o a_o man_n who_o upon_o complaint_n make_v to_o he_o order_v such_o charge_n to_o stand_v and_o that_o his_o will_n in_o such_o case_n shall_v be_v a_o law_n if_o the_o person_n shall_v thereupon_o say_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v do_v unworthy_o and_o both_o against_o law_n and_o reason_n those_o word_n may_v have_v be_v justify_v by_o show_v the_o special_a matter_n either_o in_o plead_v or_o evidence_n it_o be_v too_o late_a now_o to_o examine_v whether_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n that_o must_v be_v take_v for_o grant_v and_o therefore_o be_v not_o much_o insist_v on_o by_o those_o who_o argue_v for_o the_o defendant_n for_o the_o authority_n be_v very_o plain_a that_o such_o action_n have_v be_v allow_v upon_o this_o statute_n the_o word_n as_o here_o lay_v to_o be_v speak_v be_v not_o so_o bad_a as_o the_o defendant_n may_v speak_v but_o they_o be_v so_o bad_a that_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v for_o they_o and_o though_o they_o be_v general_a yet_o many_o case_n may_v be_v put_v of_o general_a word_n which_o import_v a_o crime_n and_o be_v adjudge_v actionable_a the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n case_n he_o be_v a_o oppressor_n the_o lord_n of_o winchester_n case_n he_o keep_v i_o in_o prison_n till_o i_o give_v he_o a_o release_n these_o word_n be_v hold_v actionable_a because_o the_o plain_a inference_n from_o they_o be_v that_o they_o be_v oppressor_n the_o lord_n abergavenny_n case_n he_o send_v for_o i_o and_o put_v i_o into_o little_a ease_n it_o may_v be_v presume_v that_o that_o lord_n be_v a_o justice_n of_o peace_n as_o most_o peer_n be_v in_o their_o county_n and_o that_o what_o he_o do_v be_v by_o colour_n of_o his_o authority_n so_o be_v all_o the_o case_n cite_v by_o those_o who_o argue_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o some_o of_o which_o the_o word_n be_v strain_v to_o import_v a_o crime_n and_o yet_o adjudge_v actionable_a especial_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n marquis_n of_o dorchester_n he_o be_v to_o be_v value_v no_o more_o than_o a_o dog_n which_o be_v less_o slanderous_a word_n than_o those_o at_o the_o bar_n because_o the_o slander_n be_v more_o direct_a and_o positive_a it_o appear_v by_o all_o these_o case_n that_o the_o judge_n have_v always_o construe_v in_o favour_n of_o these_o action_n and_o this_o have_v be_v do_v in_o all_o probability_n to_o prevent_v those_o danger_n that_o otherwise_o may_v ensue_v if_o the_o lord_n

party_n to_o bail_v but_o it_o be_v sub_fw-la modo_fw-la it_o must_v be_v upon_o good_a bail_n and_o if_o the_o sheriff_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o security_n it_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o he_o be_v liable_a for_o if_o he_o be_v not_o in_o danger_n he_o need_v not_o take_v security_n but_o afterward_o upon_o the_o second_o argument_n the_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o whole_a court_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v for_o the_o defendant_n north_n chief_a justice_n the_o common_a law_n be_v very_o rigorous_a as_o to_o the_o execution_n of_o process_n the_o capias_fw-la be_v ita_fw-la quod_fw-la habeas_fw-la the_o body_n at_o the_o day_n of_o the_o return_n and_o if_o the_o sheriff_n have_v arrest_v one_o it_o have_v be_v a_o escape_n to_o let_v he_o go_v before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o statute_n the_o sheriff_n usual_o take_v surety_n for_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v use_v great_a extortion_n and_o take_v great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o prevent_v which_o mischief_n this_o statute_n be_v make_v and_o so_o design_v 1._o for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o prisoner_n the_o sheriff_n be_v now_o compellable_a to_o take_v security_n which_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o do_v before_o 2._o to_o prevent_v extortion_n and_o therefore_o direct_v that_o a_o bond_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o such_o manner_n and_o with_o such_o condition_n as_o be_v therein_o mention_v but_o the_o plaintiff_n since_o the_o statute_n be_v much_o in_o the_o same_o condition_n as_o before_o for_o he_o be_v to_o make_v the_o same_o return_n of_o cepi_n corpus_n it_o be_v true_a he_o may_v now_o let_v he_o go_v upon_o bail_n but_o as_o to_o the_o creditor_n he_o be_v to_o have_v he_o in_o court_n to_o answer_v his_o suit_n as_o before_o and_o shall_v be_v amerce_v if_o he_o do_v not_o appear_v at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o writ_n so_o that_o though_o this_o statute_n be_v a_o ease_n to_o the_o defendant_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o burden_n to_o the_o sheriff_n who_o run_v a_o great_a hazard_n since_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n than_o before_o because_o than_o he_o may_v keep_v he_o in_o prison_n till_o the_o debt_n be_v satisfy_v but_o now_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o let_v he_o at_o large_a upon_o bail_n from_o who_o he_o be_v direct_v to_o take_v a_o bond_n which_o he_o may_v keep_v in_o his_o own_o hand_n to_o indempnifie_v himself_o the_o court_n can_v only_o amerce_v he_o if_o the_o defendant_n do_v not_o appear_v at_o the_o return_n of_o the_o process_n and_o it_o be_v not_o material_a to_o the_o party_n whether_o the_o sheriff_n take_v one_o or_o more_o security_n that_o be_v in_o his_o discretion_n some_o he_o must_v take_v for_o otherwise_o it_o be_v direct_o in_o opposition_n to_o the_o statute_n neither_o be_v it_o material_a to_o the_o party_n whether_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v sufficient_a for_o if_o they_o be_v not_o and_o the_o defendant_n be_v thereupon_o discharge_v this_o will_v not_o amount_v to_o a_o escape_n because_o nothing_o be_v do_v but_o what_o be_v pursuant_n to_o the_o statute_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v no_o otherwise_o chargeable_a than_o by_o amerciament_n the_o statute_n be_v make_v and_o intend_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o debtor_n not_o of_o the_o creditor_n and_o there_o may_v be_v some_o colour_n for_o the_o action_n if_o the_o sheriff_n may_v return_v that_o he_o let_v he_o to_o bail_v for_o than_o it_o may_v have_v be_v necessary_a to_o have_v allege_v the_o sufficiency_n of_o they_o which_o may_v have_v be_v traverse_v but_o now_o he_o must_v pursue_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o statute_n so_o far_o as_o to_o take_v bail_n he_o be_v the_o proper_a judge_n of_o the_o sufficiency_n and_o when_o the_o bail_n be_v take_v he_o must_v return_v a_o cepi_n corpus_n so_o that_o he_o be_v only_o to_o be_v amerce_v till_o he_o bring_v in_o the_o body_n but_o a_o escape_n will_v not_o lie_v against_o he_o long_a be_v case_n one_o long_o be_v arrest_v in_o the_o palace-yard_n attorney_n privilege_n of_o a_o attorney_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o hall_n gate_n the_o court_n be_v then_o sit_v and_o be_v a_o attorney_n of_o this_o court_n he_o together_o with_o the_o officer_n be_v bring_v into_o court_n and_o the_o officer_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o fleet_n that_o he_o may_v learn_v to_o know_v his_o distance_n and_o because_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o attorney_n of_o the_o court_n of_o kings-bench_n who_o inform_v this_o court_n that_o his_o cause_n of_o action_n be_v for_o 200_o l._n therefore_o the_o court_n order_v that_o another_o of_o the_o sheriff_n bailiff_n shall_v take_v charge_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o that_o mr._n robinson_n the_o chief_a prothonotary_n shall_v go_v along_o with_o he_o to_o the_o court_n of_o kings-bench_n which_o be_v do_v and_o that_o court_n be_v inform_v how_o the_o case_n be_v discharge_v the_o defendant_n upon_o file_v of_o common_a bail_n the_o writ_n upon_o which_o this_o long_a be_v arrest_v be_v a_o attachment_n of_o privilege_n which_o the_o court_n suppose_v to_o be_v make_v on_o purpose_n to_o oust_v he_o of_o his_o privilege_n for_o there_o be_v another_o writ_n against_o he_o at_o the_o sheriff_n office_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o another_o person_n the_o countess_n of_o northumberland_n case_n concern_v knight_n must_v be_v of_o the_o jury_n where_o a_o peer_n be_v concern_v adjudge_v that_o where_o a_o péer_o be_v party_n either_o plaintiff_n or_o defendant_n two_o or_o more_o knight_n must_v be_v return_v of_o the_o jury_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o cumberland_n there_o be_v but_o one_o freeholder_n who_o be_v a_o knight_n beside_o sir_n richard_n stote_n a_o sergeant_n at_o law_n and_o the_o court_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o rather_o than_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o failure_n of_o justice_n a_o sergeant_n of_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v return_v a_o juryman_n for_o his_o privilege_n will_v not_o extend_v to_o a_o case_n of_o necessity_n bell_n versus_fw-la knight_n in_o banco_n regis_n firehearth_n smith_n forge_n be_v chargeable_a with_o the_o duty_n of_o firehearth_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trover_n upon_o not_o guilty_a plead_v the_o jury_n find_v a_o special_a verdict_n in_o which_o the_o point_n be_v upon_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 14_o car._n 2._o c._n 10._o for_o the_o establish_n of_o a_o additional_a revenue_n upon_o the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n for_o the_o better_a support_n of_o he_o and_o their_o crown_n and_o dignity_n by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o for_o every_o firehearth_n and_o stove_n in_o every_o house_n the_o yearly_a sum_n of_o 2_o s._n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n other_o than_o such_o as_o in_o the_o say_a act_n be_v exempt_v then_o come_v a_o proviso_n which_o say_v that_o this_o act_n shall_v not_o extend_v to_o charge_v any_o blow_v house_n stamp_n furnace_n or_o kilne_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o question_n now_o be_v whether_o a_o smith_n forge_n shall_v be_v charge_v with_o this_o duty_n winnington_n solicitor_n general_n conceive_v that_o all_o fire-hearth_n be_v liable_a within_o the_o body_n of_o the_o act_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o exempt_v they_o but_o what_o be_v in_o the_o exception_n and_o that_o a_o smith_n forge_n can_v be_v call_v a_o blow_v house_n within_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o act_n notwithstanding_o the_o jury_n have_v find_v that_o smith_n use_v bellows_o to_o blow_v their_o forge_n for_o by_o blow_v house_n such_o house_n be_v mean_v as_o be_v in_o staffordshire_n and_o suffolk_n for_o the_o make_n of_o iron_n these_o be_v the_o blowing-house_n intend_v by_o the_o parliament_n to_o be_v except_v and_o no_o other_o for_o if_o smith_n forge_n have_v be_v mean_v thereby_o those_o will_v have_v be_v insert_v in_o the_o proviso_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o thing_n therein_o mention_v word_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o common_a understanding_n for_o if_o a_o traveller_n shall_v inquire_v for_o a_o blow_v house_n no_o body_n will_v send_v he_o to_o a_o smith_n forge_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o whole_a court_n curia_fw-la curia_fw-la it_o be_v adjudge_v upon_o the_o first_o argument_n that_o smith_n forge_n be_v liable_a to_o this_o duty_n and_o so_o the_o solicitor_n say_v it_o have_v be_v late_o adjudge_v in_o this_o court_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o twisden_n wyld_n and_o rainsford_n and_o that_o my_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hale_n be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n but_o twisden_n say_v that_o neither_o the_o chief_a justice_n or_o himself_o give_v any_o judgement_n upon_o the_o merit_n but_o upon_o a_o point_n in_o plead_v stroud_n versus_fw-la the_o bishop_n of_o bath_n and_o wells_n and_o sir_n george_n horner_n in_o communi_fw-la banco_n in_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la

profit_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o act_n take_v care_v that_o man_n shall_v not_o stop_v up_o their_o chimney_n when_o once_o make_v and_o that_o this_o duty_n be_v pay_v for_o many_o chimney_n which_o be_v never_o use_v and_o what_o profit_n can_v a_o man_n have_v of_o a_o chimney_n he_o never_o use_v if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o act_n that_o so_o much_o shall_v be_v pay_v for_o every_o window_n it_o be_v all_o one_o whether_o it_o have_v be_v for_o profit_n or_o pleasure_n or_o whether_o the_o window_n have_v be_v use_v or_o not_o and_o there_o be_v as_o much_o reason_n that_o a_o man_n shall_v pay_v for_o house_n never_o inhabit_a as_o for_o such_o as_o have_v be_v inhabit_a and_o be_v afterward_o without_o tenant_n this_o act_n ought_v therefore_o to_o receive_v a_o favourable_a construction_n the_o preamble_n whereof_o mention_n that_o it_o be_v for_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n which_o be_v pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi publico_fw-la and_o which_o be_v for_o the_o peace_n and_o prosperity_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o the_o protection_n of_o every_o single_a person_n therein_o and_o though_o a_o particular_a inconvenience_n may_v follow_v the_o party_n ought_v to_o submit_v when_o a_o man_n build_v a_o house_n he_o propose_v a_o profit_n and_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a the_o king_n duty_n shall_v be_v contingent_a and_o depend_v till_o he_o have_v provide_v himself_o of_o a_o tenant_n object_n as_o to_o the_o other_o objection_n that_o be_v much_o rely_v on_o viz._n where_o the_o act_n speak_v of_o a_o account_n to_o be_v give_v it_o mention_n both_o owner_n and_o occupier_n but_o where_o it_o direct_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o duty_n the_o occupy_a only_o be_v name_v by_o which_o it_o be_v infer_v that_o he_o alone_o be_v chargeable_a answ_n in_o 16_o car._n 2._o cap._n 3._o owner_n proprietor_n and_o occupier_n be_v use_v promiscuous_o wherein_o it_o be_v provide_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v charge_v unless_o within_o two_o year_n after_o the_o duty_n accrue_v now_o if_o the_o owner_n be_v not_o chargeable_a why_o be_v he_o mention_v there_o as_o to_o the_o second_o point_n they_o conceive_v that_o the_o duty_n be_v payeable_a to_o the_o king_n he_o have_v a_o remedy_n by_o distress_n before_o the_o account_n be_v certify_v into_o the_o exchequer_n for_o the_o return_n be_v to_o inform_v the_o king_n what_o advantage_n he_o make_v of_o his_o revenue_n and_o no_o process_n issue_v upon_o it_o beside_o the_o act_n ve_v the_o duty_n in_o he_o from_o lady-day_n 1662._o and_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o he_o may_v distrain_v the_o king_n have_v no_o benefit_n by_o return_v of_o the_o account_n that_o be_v only_o intend_v to_o prevent_v his_o be_v cheat_v so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o entitle_v but_o to_o inform_v he_o it_o be_v only_a to_o return_v a_o just_a and_o true_a account_n not_o but_o that_o it_o may_v be_v levy_v and_o the_o king_n entitle_v before_o and_o it_o be_v no_o inconvenience_n to_o the_o subject_a if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o account_n return_v for_o if_o the_o officer_n distrain_v for_o more_o hearth_n than_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v the_o subject_n have_v a_o proper_a remedy_n against_o he_o the_o king_n suffer_v when_o return_v be_v not_o make_v of_o such_o duty_n as_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v for_o the_o support_n of_o his_o dignity_n and_o because_o he_o be_v liable_a to_o be_v defraud_v in_o the_o manage_n of_o his_o duty_n be_v it_o reasonable_a that_o he_o shall_v lose_v all_o as_o to_o what_o be_v say_v of_o the_o king_n take_v by_o matter_n of_o record_n it_o be_v true_a if_o he_o divest_v a_o inheritance_n as_o in_o case_n of_o attainder_n it_o must_v be_v by_o record_n but_o here_o the_o very_a duty_n be_v give_v to_o he_o by_o the_o act_n itself_o which_o make_v it_o a_o different_a case_n if_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o a_o great_a be_v which_o happen_v to_o be_v improve_v by_o his_o tenant_n and_o thereby_o tithe_n become_v due_a it_o may_v be_v as_o well_o say_v that_o he_o shall_v have_v no_o tithe_n without_o record_n as_o to_o say_v he_o shall_v have_v no_o hearth-mony_n for_o house_n new_o erect_v whereby_o his_o revenue_n be_v increase_v for_o which_o reason_n judgement_n be_v pray_v for_o the_o defendant_n and_o upon_o the_o second_o argument_n judgement_n be_v give_v according_o for_o he_o curia_fw-la curia_fw-la that_o empty_a house_n be_v subject_a and_o liable_a to_o this_o duty_n astry_n versus_fw-la ballard_n in_o a_o action_n of_o trover_n and_o conversion_n for_o the_o take_n of_o coal_n upon_o not-guilty_a plead_v 71._o grant_n must_v be_v take_v according_a to_o common_a intendment_n jones_n 71._o the_o jury_n find_v a_o special_a verdict_n the_o case_n be_v thus_o viz._n that_o one_o j._n r._n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o the_o manor_n of_o westerly_n and_o be_v so_o seize_v do_v demise_n all_o the_o message_n land_n tenement_n and_o hereditament_n that_o he_o have_v in_o the_o say_a manor_n for_o a_o term_n of_o year_n to_o n._n r._n in_o which_o demise_n there_o be_v a_o recital_n of_o a_o grant_n of_o the_o say_a manor_n message_n land_n tenement_n commons_o and_o mine_n but_o in_o the_o lease_n itself_o to_o r._n the_o word_n mine_n be_v leave_v out_o afterward_o the_o reversion_n be_v sell_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n astry_n and_o his_o heir_n by_o deed_n enroll_v and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o this_o demise_n there_o be_v certain_a mine_n of_o coal_n open_a and_o other_o which_o be_v not_o then_o open_a and_o the_o coal_n for_o which_o this_o action_n of_o trover_n be_v bring_v be_v dig_v by_o the_o lessee_n in_o those_o mine_n which_o be_v not_o open_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lease_n and_o whether_o he_o have_v power_n so_o to_o do_v be_v the_o question_n it_o be_v say_v that_o when_o a_o man_n be_v seize_v of_o land_n wherein_o there_o be_v mine_n open_a and_z other_o not_o open_a and_o a_o lease_n be_v make_v of_o these_o land_n in_o which_o the_o mine_n be_v mention_v antea_fw-la antea_fw-la it_o be_v no_o new_a doctrine_n to_o say_v that_o the_o close_a mine_n shall_v not_o pass_v man_n grant_n must_v be_v take_v according_a to_o usual_a and_o common_a intendment_n and_o when_o word_n may_v be_v satisfy_v they_o shall_v not_o be_v strain_v far_a than_o they_o be_v general_o use_v for_o no_o violent_a construction_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o prejudice_v a_o man_n inheritance_n contrary_a to_o the_o plain_a meaning_n of_o the_o word_n a_o mine_n be_v not_o proper_o so_o call_v till_o it_o be_v open_v it_o be_v but_o a_o vein_n of_o coal_n before_o and_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o point_n in_o his_o first_o inst_z 54._o b._n where_o he_o tell_v we_o 816._o 5_o co._n 12._o sanders_n case_n roll._n abr._n 2_o part_n 816._o that_o if_o a_o man_n demise_n land_n and_o mine_n some_o be_v open_v and_o other_o not_o the_o lessee_n may_v use_v the_o mine_n open_v but_o have_v no_o power_n to_o dig_v the_o unopened_a mine_n and_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v the_o whole_a court_n and_o justice_n twisden_n say_v that_o he_o know_v no_o reason_n why_o my_o lord_n coke_n single_a opinion_n shall_v not_o be_v as_o good_a a_o authority_n as_o fitzherbert_n in_o his_o nat._n br._n or_o the_o doctor_n and_o student_n ipsley_n versus_fw-la turk_n in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o a_o inferior_a court_n 81._o what_o be_v admit_v in_o plead_v shall_v not_o be_v assign_v for_o error_n jones_n 81._o the_o error_n assign_v be_v that_o the_o mayor_n who_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o court_n do_v not_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n at_o any_o parish_n church_n nor_o file_v any_o certificate_n so_o that_o he_o be_v not_o mayor_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o the_o defendant_n before_o he_o it_o be_v therefore_o coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la like_o the_o case_n of_o hatch_n and_o nichols_n roll._n abr._n 1_o part_n tit_n error_n 761._o where_o upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n bring_v upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o a_o inferior_a court_n the_o error_n assign_v be_v that_o the_o style_n of_o the_o court_n be_v curia_n tent_n coram_fw-la j._n s._n seneschallo_n who_o be_v not_o steward_n and_o that_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o error_n in_o fact_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v insist_v that_o this_o be_v not_o error_n because_o the_o act_n of_o the_o mayor_n shall_v not_o be_v void_a as_o to_o stranger_n the_o statute_n of_o 25_o car._n 2._o cap._n 2._o for_o prevent_v of_o danger_n which_o may_v happen_v from_o popish_a recusant_n disable_v the_o party_n who_o be_v not_o qualify_v according_a to_o the_o act_n to_o hold_v a_o office_n and_o if_o he_o execute_v the_o same_o afterward_o

special_a verdict_n he_o who_o sue_v in_o a_o inferior_a court_n be_v bind_v at_o his_o peril_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o that_o jurisdiction_n and_o if_o the_o party_n after_o a_o verdict_n below_o pray_v a_o prohibition_n and_o allege_v that_o the_o court_n have_v no_o jurisdiction_n a_o prohibition_n shall_v be_v grant_v and_o it_o be_v no_o estoppel_n that_o he_o do_v not_o take_v advantage_n of_o it_o before_o 1_o roll._n abr._n 545._o but_o justice_n atkins_n and_o scroggs_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n they_o agree_v that_o if_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v in_o a_o inferior_a court_n if_o it_o be_v not_o say_v to_o be_v infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la curiae_fw-la they_o will_v never_o presume_v it_o to_o be_v so_o but_o rather_o to_o be_v without_o if_o not_o allege_v to_o be_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n and_o here_o in_o the_o plea_n it_o be_v not_o show_v at_o all_o so_o that_o as_o the_o case_n stand_v upon_o the_o plea_n the_o proceéding_n be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la and_o there_o be_v no_o legal_a authority_n to_o warrant_v they_o and_o by_o consequence_n the_o officer_n be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v excuse_v than_o the_o party_n because_o also_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o particular_a jurisdiction_n and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v adjudge_v upon_o a_o escape_n bring_v against_o a_o officer_n of_o a_o inferior_a court_n wherein_o the_o plaintiff_n declare_v that_o he_o have_v bring_v a_o action_n upon_o a_o bond_n against_o s._n in_o the_o court_n of_o kingston_n and_o that_o he_o have_v judgement_n and_o execution_n and_o the_o defendant_n suffer_v he_o to_o escape_v this_o declaration_n do_v not_o charge_v the_o defendan_n because_o the_o bond_n be_v not_o allege_v to_o be_v make_v infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la curiae_fw-la for_o though_o such_o a_o action_n be_v transitory_a in_o its_o nature_n yet_o the_o proceed_n in_o a_o inferior_a court_n upon_o it_o be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la if_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v to_o be_v infra_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la 1_o roll._n abr._n 809._o though_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o general_a jurisdiction_n it_o may_v be_v otherwise_o but_o here_o the_o rejoynder_n do_v help_v the_o plea_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v reply_v that_o the_o trespass_n be_v commit_v out_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n and_o the_o defendant_n have_v rejoin_v that_o he_o have_v allege_v in_o his_o declaration_n below_o that_o the_o trespass_n be_v do_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n it_o be_v now_o all_o one_o plea_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v confess_v it_o by_o his_o demurrer_n so_o that_o in_o regard_n it_o be_v allege_v below_o and_o admit_v there_o it_o be_v a_o good_a plea_n both_o for_o officer_n and_o party_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v now_o take_v advantage_n of_o it_o but_o be_v conclude_v by_o his_o former_a admittance_n and_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v inquire_v now_o whether_o true_a or_o false_a and_o as_o to_o the_o taliter_fw-la processum_fw-la fuit_fw-la they_o all_o hold_v it_o well_o enough_o and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o set_v out_o all_o the_o proceed_n here_o as_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n and_o as_o to_o the_o last_o exception_n it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o burrow_n of_o warwick_n be_v antiquus_fw-la burgus_n and_o that_o the_o court_n be_v hold_v there_o secundum_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la which_o be_v well_o enough_o jones_n case_n case_n common_a plea_n can_v grant_v habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la in_o criminal_a case_n it_o be_v move_v for_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la for_o one_o jones_n who_o be_v commit_v to_o new_a prison_n by_o warrant_n from_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n for_o refuse_v to_o discover_v who_o entrust_v he_o with_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o key_n of_o a_o conventicle_n and_o for_o that_o he_o have_v be_v instrumental_a to_o the_o escape_n of_o the_o preacher_n he_o be_v ask_v by_o the_o justice_n to_o give_v security_n for_o his_o good_a behaviour_n which_o he_o also_o refuse_v and_o thereupon_o be_v commit_v the_o chief_a justice_n doubt_v that_o a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la can_v not_o be_v grant_v in_o this_o case_n because_o it_o be_v in_o a_o criminal_a cause_n of_o which_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n have_v no_o jurisdiction_n and_o that_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o my_o lord_n coke_n 53._o vaugh._n 157._o 2_o inst_z 53._o 2_o inst_z 55._o where_o he_o say_v it_o lie_v for_o any_o officer_n or_o privilege_a person_n of_o the_o court._n there_o be_v three_o sort_n of_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la in_o this_o court_n one_o be_v ad_fw-la respondendum_fw-la 235._o mod._n rep._n 235._o which_o be_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n who_o be_v a_o suitor_n here_o against_o any_o man_n in_o prison_n who_o be_v to_o be_v bring_v thereupon_o to_o the_o bar_n and_o remand_v if_o he_o can_v give_v surety_n there_o be_v another_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la for_o the_o defendant_n ad_fw-la faciend_n '_o &_o recipiend_n '_o as_o to_o this_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n be_v here_o as_o in_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n if_o a_o person_n be_v near_o the_o town_n by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o court_n he_o may_v be_v bring_v hither_o to_o be_v charge_v and_o then_o the_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la be_v returnable_a immediate_a but_o if_o he_o be_v remote_a it_o must_v then_o be_v returnable_a in_o the_o court_n at_o a_o certain_a day_n these_o be_v the_o habeas_fw-la corpus_n which_o concern_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o this_o court_n and_o be_v incident_a thereunto_o there_o be_v another_o which_o concern_v privilege_n when_o the_o party_n come_v and_o subject_n himself_o to_o the_o court_n to_o be_v either_o bail_v or_o discharge_v as_o the_o crime_n be_v for_o which_o he_o stand_v charge_v and_o if_o he_o be_v privilege_v this_o court_n may_v examine_v the_o case_n and_o do_v he_o right_o if_o a_o private_a man_n be_v commit_v for_o a_o criminal_a cause_n we_o can_v examine_v the_o matter_n and_o send_v he_o back_o again_o before_o king_n james_n reign_n there_o be_v not_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la but_o recite_v a_o privilege_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o privilege_n for_o a_o attorney_n so_o that_o if_o this_o court_n can_v remedy_v what_o the_o party_n complain_v it_o be_v in_o vain_a for_o the_o subject_a to_o be_v put_v to_o the_o trouble_n when_o he_o must_v be_v send_v back_o again_o neither_o can_v there_o be_v any_o failure_n of_o justice_n because_o he_o may_v apply_v himself_o to_o a_o proper_a court_n and_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n be_v wyndham_n and_o scroggs_n but_o justice_n atkins_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n for_o he_o can_v see_v no_o reason_n why_o there_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o right_a to_o come_v to_o this_o court_n as_o well_o as_o to_o the_o king_n bench._n and_o that_o vaughan_n wild_n and_o archer_n justice_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o this_o court_n may_v grant_v a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la in_o other_o case_n beside_o those_o of_o privilege_n afterward_o the_o prisoner_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o court_n upon_o this_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la but_o be_v remand_v because_o this_o court_n will_v not_o take_v surety_n for_o his_o good_a behaviour_n the_o chief_a justice_n say_v that_o when_o he_o be_v not_o on_o the_o bench_n he_o will_v take_v surety_n as_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o monday_n late_o secondary_a inform_v he_o that_o justice_n wild_n when_o he_o sit_v in_o this_o court_n do_v once_o take_v such_o surety_n as_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n anonymus_fw-la it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o chief_a justice_n north_n actor_n in_o replevin_n both_o be_v actor_n that_o in_o a_o replevin_n both_o party_n be_v actor_n for_o the_o one_o sue_v for_o damage_n and_o the_o other_o to_o have_v the_o cattle_n and_o there_o the_o place_n be_v material_a for_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n allege_v the_o take_n at_o a._n and_o they_o be_v take_v at_o b._n the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v non_fw-fr cepit_fw-la modo_fw-la &_o forma_fw-la but_o then_o he_o can_v have_v no_o return_n for_o if_o he_o will_v have_v a_o retorn_a '_o habend_v '_o he_o must_v deny_v the_o take_n where_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v lay_v it_o and_o allege_v another_o place_n in_o his_o avowry_n sir_n osborn_n rand_n versus_fw-la tripp_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o tobacconist_n and_o live_v near_o guild-hall_n london_n he_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o the_o defendant_n grant_v new_a trial_n grant_v who_o be_v a_o alderman_n in_o hull_n and_o have_v 400_o l._n portion_n with_o she_o after_o the_o marriage_n the_o defendant_n speak_v merry_o before_o three_o witness_n that_o if_o his_o son-in-law_n will_v procure_v himself_o to_o be_v knight_v so_o that_o his_o daughter_n may_v be_v a_o lady_n he_o will_v then_o give_v he_o 2000_o l._n more_o and_o will_v pay_v 1000_o l._n part_v thereof_o present_o upon_o such_o knighthood_n and_o the_o

quo_fw-la and_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n of_o a_o contract_n raise_v by_o law_n by_o the_o word_n of_o the_o capias_fw-la ad_fw-la satisfaciend_n '_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o the_o design_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v to_o enforce_v the_o payment_n of_o the_o the_o debt_n by_o the_o imprisonment_n of_o the_o defendant_n the_o sheriff_n thereupon_o return_v that_o he_o have_v take_v the_o body_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n have_v pay_v the_o money_n to_o he_o for_o which_o reason_n he_o discharge_v he_o and_o for_o this_o return_v he_o be_v amerce_v not_o because_o he_o discharge_v the_o party_n but_o because_o he_o have_v not_o bring_v the_o money_n into_o the_o court_n for_o the_o law_n never_o intend_v that_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v keep_v in_o prison_n after_o he_o have_v pay_v the_o debt_n in_o this_o case_n the_o defendant_n can_v have_v no_o remedy_n to_o recover_v it_o again_o of_o the_o marshal_n because_o it_o be_v not_o a_o bare_a payment_n to_o he_o but_o to_o pay_v it_o over_o again_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o likewise_o in_o consideration_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v discharge_v from_o his_o imprisonment_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v object_v by_o the_o marshal_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v a_o action_n of_o escape_n against_o he_o and_o likewise_o by_o the_o plaintiff_n that_o he_o do_v not_o make_v the_o gaoler_n his_o steward_n or_o bailiff_n to_o receive_v his_o mony_n answ_n the_o gaoler_n be_v make_v his_o bailiff_n to_o keep_v the_o party_n in_o execution_n and_o it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_o that_o when_o the_o prisoner_n will_v lay_v down_o his_o money_n in_o discharge_n of_o the_o debt_n that_o the_o gaoler_n shall_v not_o have_v full_a power_n to_o discharge_v he_o if_o he_o have_v come_v in_o michaelmas-term_n after_o the_o long_a vacation_n and_o inform_v the_o court_n that_o he_o have_v offer_v to_o pay_v the_o execution_n money_n to_o the_o marshal_n and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o take_v it_o and_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v not_o be_v find_v the_o court_n will_v have_v make_v a_o rule_n to_o help_v he_o mr._n holt_n contra_fw-la if_o the_o payment_n have_v be_v good_a to_o the_o sheriff_n or_o marshal_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o pleadable_a to_o the_o second_o execution_n because_o it_o be_v matter_n in_o fact_n that_o which_o have_v be_v object_v that_o the_o party_n shall_v plead_v to_o a_o second_o execution_n that_o his_o good_n be_v take_v by_o a_o former_a fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la can_v be_v for_o no_o such_o plea_n can_v be_v good_a because_o by_o that_o writ_n the_o sheriff_n have_v express_v authority_n to_o levy_v the_o money_n and_o the_o plea_n be_v not_o payment_n to_o the_o sheriff_n but_o that_o the_o money_n be_v levy_v by_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o writ_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o court_n and_o a_o audita_fw-la querela_fw-la lie_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o then_o the_o defendant_n be_v to_o be_v bail_v 1_o leon._n 141._o askew_n versus_fw-la the_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n jones_n and_o rainsford_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o defendant_n may_v have_v remedy_n against_o the_o marshal_n to_o recover_v his_o money_n again_o and_o that_o the_o payment_n to_o he_o be_v no_o discharge_n to_o the_o plaintiff_n at_o who_o suit_n he_o be_v in_o execution_n but_o justice_n wyld_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n quaere_fw-la the_o lord_n marquis_n of_o dorchester_n case_n in_o communi_fw-la banco_n in_o a_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la visne_n not_o change_v in_o a_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la sergeant_n pemberton_n move_v to_o have_v good_a bail_n which_o the_o court_n deny_v and_o say_v that_o in_o such_o case_n bail_n be_v not_o requirable_a but_o notwithstanding_o the_o defendant_n consent_v to_o put_v in_o 50_o l._n bail_n and_o then_o upon_o the_o usual_a affidavit_fw-la move_v to_o change_v the_o visne_n the_o action_n be_v lay_v in_o london_n which_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o sergeant_n who_o desire_v that_o it_o may_v be_v try_v where_o it_o be_v lay_v but_o he_o say_v in_o this_o case_n that_o the_o visne_n can_v not_o be_v change_v 1._o because_o the_o king_n be_v a_o party_n to_o the_o suit_n for_o it_o be_v tam_fw-la pro_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la seipso_fw-la 2._o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o lord_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v adjourn_v and_o will_v meet_v and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v inconvenient_a to_o try_v the_o cause_n in_o the_o country_n since_o the_o service_n of_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n both_o require_v his_o attendance_n here_o and_o he_o say_v that_o upon_o the_o like_a motion_n in_o b._n r._n between_o the_o lord_n stamford_n and_o needham_n the_o court_n will_v not_o change_v the_o visne_n north_n chief_a justice_n say_v that_o he_o always_o take_v it_o as_o a_o current_a opinion_n that_o in_o a_o scandalum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la the_o visne_n can_v not_o be_v change_v for_o since_o it_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o information_n it_o be_v tam_fw-la quam_fw-la it_o be_v advisable_a whether_o it_o be_v not_o within_o the_o statute_n of_o 21_o jac._n which_o do_v appoint_v information_n to_o be_v try_v in_o their_o proper_a county_n but_o justice_n atkins_n incline_v that_o the_o visne_n may_v be_v change_v for_o though_o by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o law_n a_o jury_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n be_v to_o try_v the_o cause_n yet_o in_o point_n of_o justice_n the_o court_n may_v change_v the_o visne_n to_o which_o it_o be_v object_v that_o then_o there_o will_v be_v no_o difference_n between_o local_a and_o transitory_a action_n action_n of_o debt_n and_o account_n shall_v be_v bring_v in_o their_o proper_a county_n 6_o r._n 2._o and_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o a_o attorney_n be_v swear_v to_o bring_v action_n no_o where_o else_o but_o the_o court_n not_o agree_v at_o last_o the_o defendant_n be_v willing_a that_o the_o cause_n shall_v be_v try_v in_o london_n if_o the_o plaintiff_n will_v consent_v not_o to_o try_v it_o before_o the_o first_o set_v in_o the_o next_o term._n and_o as_o to_o that_o reason_n offer_v why_o the_o visne_n shall_v not_o be_v change_v because_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v a_o lord_n of_o parliament_n justice_n atkins_n say_v that_o do_v not_o satisfy_v he_o it_o may_v be_v a_o good_a ground_n to_o move_v for_o a_o trial_n at_o the_o bar_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o shaftsbury_n the_o court_n will_v not_o grant_v a_o trial_n at_o the_o bar_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o defendant_n the_o visne_n be_v not_o change_v beaver_n versus_fw-la lane_n covenant_n make_v to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr action_n covenant_n to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr the_o baron_n alone_o may_v bring_v the_o action_n the_o husband_n alone_o bring_v the_o action_n quod_fw-la teneat_fw-la ei_fw-la conventionem_fw-la secundum_fw-la formam_fw-la &_o effectum_fw-la cujusdam_fw-la indenturae_fw-la inter_fw-la querentem_fw-la ex_fw-la una_fw-la parte_fw-la &_o defendentem_fw-la ex_fw-la altera_fw-la parte_fw-la confect_v '_o and_o this_o be_v for_o not_o repair_v his_o house_n after_o verdict_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n because_o of_o this_o variance_n but_o the_o court_n ordered_n that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v his_o judgement_n for_o the_o indenture_n be_v by_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr it_o be_v therefore_o true_a that_o it_o be_v by_o the_o baron_n and_o the_o action_n be_v bring_v upon_o a_o covenant_n concern_v his_o house_n and_o go_v with_o they_o though_o it_o be_v make_v to_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n yet_o he_o may_v refuse_v quoad_fw-la she_o and_o bring_v the_o action_n alone_o and_o the_o chief_a justice_n say_v that_o he_o remember_v a_o authority_n in_o a_o old_a book_n that_o if_o a_o bond_n be_v give_v to_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr the_o husband_n shall_v bring_v the_o action_n alone_o which_o shall_v be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v his_o refusal_n as_o to_o she_o calthrop_n versus_fw-la phillips_n the_o question_n be_v 222._o supersedeas_fw-la must_v be_v deliver_v by_o the_o old_a sheriff_n to_o the_o new_a one_o mod._n rep._n 222._o in_o regard_n a_o supersedeas_fw-la be_v not_o returnable_a in_o the_o court_n whether_o the_o old_a sheriff_n be_v bind_v to_o deliver_v it_o over_o to_o the_o new_a one_o or_o no_o and_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o it_o ought_v not_o because_o the_o old_a sheriff_n be_v to_o keép_v it_o for_o his_o indemnity_n and_o he_o may_v have_v occasion_n to_o plead_v it_o but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o be_v insist_v by_o sergeant_n george_n strode_n that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o new_a sheriff_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o writ_n in_o the_o register_n which_o prove_v it_o fol._n 295._o and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o these_o inconvenience_n will_v follow_v 1._o it_o will_v be_v

reason_n alone_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v no_o cause_n of_o demurrer_n for_o the_o defendant_n may_v well_o disclose_v the_o matter_n of_o law_n in_o plead_v which_o be_v a_o much_o cheap_a way_n than_o to_o have_v a_o special_a verdict_n and_o that_o this_o be_v on_o the_o same_o reason_n of_o give_v of_o colour_n but_o if_o the_o matter_n by_o which_o the_o defendant_n justify_v be_v all_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o proper_a for_o the_o trial_n of_o a_o jury_n than_o the_o dfendant_n ought_v to_o plead_v the_o general_n issue_n and_o as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o plea_n the_o chief_a justice_n and_o wyndham_n justice_n hold_v it_o to_o be_v good_a for_o the_o common_a which_o be_v plead_v be_v a_o common_a by_o grant_n and_o not_o argumentative_o plead_v for_o if_o the_o defendant_n have_v plead_v a_o express_a grant_n of_o common_a in_o those_o two_o place_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v demand_v oyer_n of_o the_o deed_n it_o will_v have_v appear_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o deed_n and_o this_o have_v be_v a_o good_a cause_n of_o demurrer_n if_o this_o plea_n shall_v not_o be_v good_a it_o will_v be_v very_o mischievous_a to_o the_o defendant_n for_o there_o be_v a_o perpetual_a unity_n as_o to_o the_o freehold_a there_o can_v be_v no_o prescription_n to_o the_o common_a but_o there_o be_v a_o constant_a enjoyment_n thereof_o by_o the_o tenant_n and_o so_o a_o perpetual_a usage_n and_o a_o grant_v make_v refer_v to_o that_o usage_n it_o be_v well_o enough_o and_o since_o whilst_o the_o land_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o commoner_n can_v not_o complain_v of_o a_o surcharge_n why_o shall_v they_o if_o he_o grant_v the_o premise_n the_o granteé_n be_v in_o loco_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o king_n a_o grant_n of_o tot_fw-la &_o talia_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o privilegia_fw-la quot_fw-la &_o qualia_fw-la the_o abbot_n late_o have_v marcelia_n 9_o co._n 23._o abbot_n de_fw-fr strata_n marcelia_n be_v hold_v good_a by_o such_o general_a word_n here_o the_o lord_n paget_n grant_v to_o the_o defendant_n that_o which_o the_o lessées_n have_v before_o viz._n that_o common_a which_o the_o tenant_n have_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o it_o can_v be_v conceive_v but_o that_o the_o tenant_n have_v a_o right_n for_o as_o a_o tort_n can_v be_v presume_v to_o be_v from_o time_n immemorial_n so_o neither_o shall_v it_o be_v intend_v that_o the_o lord_n give_v only_o a_o licence_n and_o permit_v his_o tenant_n to_o enjoy_v this_o common_a but_o justice_n atkins_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o plea_n be_v not_o good_a he_o say_v he_o know_v not_o by_o what_o name_n to_o call_v this_o common_a for_o it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o permission_n from_o the_o lord_n that_o the_o tenant_n may_v put_v their_o cattle_n into_o his_o freehold_n or_o a_o connivance_n at_o they_o for_o so_o do_v and_o if_o it_o be_v take_v as_o a_o new_a grant_n than_o nothing_o can_v pass_v but_o the_o surplus_n for_o the_o lord_n can_v derogate_v from_o his_o former_a grant_n and_o the_o new_a grantee_n shall_v not_o put_v in_o a_o equal_a proportion_n with_o he_o who_o have_v the_o prescription_n for_o if_o he_o may_v than_o such_o prescription_n will_v be_v quite_o destroy_v by_o such_o puisne_n grant_v for_o as_o the_o lord_n may_v grant_v to_o one_o so_o he_o may_v to_o twenty_o and_o then_o there_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a common_a leave_v for_o he_o who_o prescribe_v to_o the_o right_n so_o that_o he_o conceive_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v no_o right_n of_o common_a or_o if_o he_o have_v any_o it_o will_v not_o be_v till_o after_o the_o right_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v serve_v and_o he_o say_v that_o usage_n shall_v not_o intend_v a_o right_n but_o it_o may_v be_v a_o evidence_n of_o it_o upon_o a_o trial_n but_o if_o there_o have_v be_v a_o usage_n it_o be_v now_o lose_v by_o the_o unity_n of_o the_o possession_n and_o shall_v not_o be_v revive_v by_o the_o new_a grant_n like_o the_o case_n of_o massam_n and_o hunter_n 189._o yelv._n 189._o there_o be_v a_o copyholder_n of_o a_o message_n and_o two_o acre_n in_o feé_n which_o the_o lord_n afterward_o grant_v and_o confirm_v to_o he_o in_o fee_n cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o though_o the_o tenant_n by_o usage_n have_v a_o right_a to_o have_v common_a in_o the_o lord_n waste_v yet_o by_o this_o new_a grant_n and_o confirmation_n that_o right_o be_v go_v the_o copyhold_n be_v thereby_o extinguish_v for_o the_o common_a be_v by_o usage_n and_o now_o lose_v these_o word_n cum_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la in_o the_o new_a grant_n will_v not_o revive_v it_o but_o notwithstanding_o judgement_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o other_o three_o justice_n be_v give_v for_o the_o defendant_n week_n case_n a_o prohibition_n be_v pray_v to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n at_o bristol_n the_o suggestion_n be_v that_o he_o be_v excommunicate_v for_o refuse_v to_o answer_v upon_o oath_n to_o a_o matter_n by_o which_o he_o may_v accuse_v himself_o viz._n to_o be_v a_o witness_n against_o another_o that_o he_o himself_o be_v present_v such_o a_o day_n and_o see_v the_o other_o at_o a_o conventicle_n which_o if_o he_o confess_v they_o will_v have_v record_v his_o confession_n of_o be_v present_a at_o a_o meeting_n and_o so_o have_v proceed_v against_o he_o the_o court_n grant_v a_o prohibition_n but_o order_v he_o to_o appear_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n to_o be_v examine_v as_o to_o the_o other_o person_n be_v there_o anonymus_fw-la a_o man_n win_v 100_o l._n of_o another_o at_o play_n person_n game_n not_o within_o the_o statute_n where_o the_o security_n be_v give_v to_o a_o three_o person_n the_o winner_n owe_v sharp_a 100_o l._n who_o demand_v his_o debt_n the_o winner_n bring_v he_o to_o the_o other_o of_o who_o he_o win_v the_o money_n at_o play_n who_o aknowledge_v the_o debt_n and_o give_v sharp_a a_o bond_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o 100_o l._n who_o not_o be_v privy_a to_o the_o matter_n or_o know_v that_o it_o be_v win_v at_o play_n accept_v the_o say_a bond_n and_o for_o default_n of_o payment_n put_v it_o in_o suit_n the_o obligor_fw-la plead_v the_o statute_n of_o game_n the_o plaintiff_n in_o his_o replication_n disclose_v the_o matter_n aforesaid_a and_o say_v that_o he_o have_v a_o just_a debt_n due_a and_o owe_v to_o he_o form_v the_o winner_n and_o that_o he_o be_v not_o privy_a to_o the_o money_n be_v win_v at_o play_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o he_o accept_v of_o the_o say_a bond_n as_o a_o security_n for_o his_o debt_n and_o the_o defendant_n demur_v and_o the_o court_n be_v all_o of_o opinion_n antea_fw-la hill_n and_o pheasant_n antea_fw-la that_o this_o case_n be_v not_o within_o the_o statute_n the_o plaintiff_n not_o know_v of_o the_o play_n and_o though_o it_o be_v plead_v that_o the_o bond_n be_v take_v pro_fw-la securitate_fw-la and_o not_o for_o satisfaction_n of_o a_o just_a debt_n it_o be_v hold_v well_o enough_o like_o the_o case_n of_o warn_v and_o ellis_n yelv._n 47._o warn_v owe_v alder_a 100_o l._n upon_o a_o usurious_a contract_n and_o alder_n owe_v the_o plaintiff_n ellis_n 100_o l._n for_o which_o they_o be_v both_o bind_v and_o in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n bring_v upon_o this_o bond_n warn_v plead_v the_o statute_n of_o usury_n between_o he_o and_o alder_n and_o ellis_n reply_v as_o the_o plaintiff_n here_o and_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n it_o be_v adjudge_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n by_o three_o judge_n because_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v a_o real_a debt_n owe_v he_o and_o be_v not_o privy_a to_o the_o usury_n and_o upon_o this_o case_n the_o court_n rely_v and_o say_v the_o reason_n of_o it_o govern_v this_o case_n at_o the_o bar_n whereupon_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n tissard_n versus_fw-la warcup_n indebitatus_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la for_o 750_o l._n lay_v out_o by_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o defendant_n upon_o non_fw-la assumpsit_fw-la plead_v there_o be_v a_o trial_n at_o the_o bar_n and_o the_o evidence_n be_v that_o the_o defendant_n and_o another_o now_o decease_v farm_a the_o excise_n that_o the_o money_n be_v lay_v out_o by_o the_o plaintiff_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o defendant_n and_o his_o partner_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n promise_v to_o repay_v the_o money_n out_o of_o the_o first_o profit_v he_o receive_v curia_fw-la curia_fw-la and_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o whole_a court_n this_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v 1._o two_o partner_n be_v concern_v the_o action_n can_v be_v bring_v against_o one_o alone_a he_o ought_v in_o this_o case_n to_o have_v set_v out_o the_o death_n of_o the_o other_o but_o if_o judgement_n be_v have_v against_o one_o the_o good_n in_o partnership_n may_v be_v

take_v in_o execution_n 233._o 1_o cro._n 239._o hob._n 180._o rol._n rep._n 233._o 2._o the_o promise_n here_o be_v not_o to_o pay_v the_o money_n absolute_o but_o sub_fw-la modo_fw-la so_o that_o the_o evidence_n do_v not_o maintain_v the_o action_n and_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v nonsuited_a nichols_n versus_fw-la ramsel_n release_v release_v of_o all_o demand_n usque_fw-la 26_o apr._n a_o bond_n date_v that_o day_n be_v not_o release_v trespass_n do_v 24_o martii_fw-la 26_o car._n 2._o usque_fw-la 26_o augusti_fw-la 28_o car._n 2._o diversis_fw-la diebus_fw-la &_o vicibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o on_o the_o 24_o day_n of_o april_n in_o the_o 26_o year_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o he_o pay_v the_o plaintiff_n 6_o d._n which_o he_o receive_v in_o full_a satisfaction_n of_o all_o trespass_n usque_fw-la ad_fw-la the_o say_v 24_o day_n of_o april_n absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o he_o be_v guilty_a ad_fw-la aliquod_fw-la aliud_fw-la tempus_fw-la praeter_fw-la praedictum_fw-la 24_o aprilis_fw-la anno_fw-la 26_o car._n 2._o aut_fw-la aliquo_fw-la tempore_fw-la postea_fw-la but_o leave_v out_o the_o 24_o day_n of_o april_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o plaintiff_n demur_v because_o the_o defendant_n have_v not_o answer_v that_o day_n for_o the_o word_n usque_fw-la exclude_v it_o so_o where_o debt_n be_v bring_v upon_o a_o bond_n date_v 9_o julii_n the_o defendant_n plead_v a_o release_n of_o all_o action_n 521._o owen_n '_o 50._o 2_o rol._n abr._n 521._o etc._n etc._n the_o same_o day_n usque_fw-la diem_fw-la dati_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la scripti_fw-la the_o bond_n be_v not_o discharge_v because_o the_o release_n exclude_v the_o 9th_o day_n on_o which_o it_o be_v make_v but_o sergeant_n weston_n contra_fw-la though_o general_o in_o plead_v the_o word_n usque_fw-la be_v exclusive_a yet_o in_o the_o case_n of_o contract_n because_o of_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o party_n it_o be_v inclusive_a and_o therefore_o in_o one_o nichol_n case_n 20_o car._n 2._o in_o b._n r._n rot._n 21._o the_o term_n be_v not_o name_v a_o lease_n be_v make_v habendum_fw-la from_o lady-day_n usque_fw-la festum_fw-la sancti_fw-la michaelis_fw-la 1665._o pay_v the_o rent_n reserve_v at_o michaelmas_n during_o the_o term_n the_o rent_n shall_v be_v pay_v on_o michaelmas-day_n 1665._o and_o so_o the_o day_n shall_v not_o be_v exclude_v so_o where_o a_o man_n prescribe_v to_o put_v cattle_n from_o and_o immediate_o after_o lady-day_n where_o they_o be_v to_o stay_v till_o michaelmas-day_n the_o put_v they_o in_o on_o lady-day_n and_o drive_v they_o away_o on_o michaelmas-day_n be_v not_o justifiable_a in_o strictness_n yet_o it_o have_v be_v allow_v good_a so_o in_o a_o devise_v the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o testator_n be_v of_o age_n or_o not_o and_o the_o evidence_n be_v that_o he_o be_v bear_v the_o first_o day_n of_o january_n in_o the_o afternoon_n of_o that_o day_n and_o die_v in_o the_o morning_n on_o the_o last_o day_n of_o december_n and_o it_o be_v hold_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n that_o he_o be_v of_o full_a age_n for_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o fraction_n of_o a_o day_n north_n chief_a justice_n say_v that_o prima_fw-la fancy_n this_o be_v to_o be_v intend_v good_a for_o a_o day_n be_v but_o punctum_fw-la temporis_fw-la and_o so_o of_o no_o great_a consideration_n but_o the_o other_o three_o justice_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o word_n usque_fw-la be_v exclusive_a and_o that_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v not_o be_v put_v to_o show_v that_o there_o be_v a_o trespass_n do_v on_o the_o 24_o of_o april_n and_o say_v that_o in_o a_o release_n of_o all_o demand_n till_o the_o 26_o of_o april_n a_o bond_n date_v that_o day_n be_v not_o release_v wherefore_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n trevil_n versus_fw-la ingram_n covenant_n to_o pay_v a_o herriot_n post_fw-la mortem_fw-la j._n s._n or_o 40_o s._n at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n 216._o release_v of_o all_o demand_n do_v not_o bar_v a_o future_a duty_n mod._n rep._n 216._o and_o set_v forth_o the_o death_n of_o j._n s._n and_o that_o afterward_o he_o choose_v to_o have_v the_o 40_o s._n for_o which_o he_o bring_v this_o action_n and_o assign_v the_o breach_n for_o non_fw-fr payment_n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n release_v to_o he_o all_o action_n and_o demand_n etc._n etc._n but_o this_o release_n be_v make_v in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o j._n s._n and_o there_o be_v a_o exception_n in_o it_o of_o herriot_n the_o plaintiff_n demur_v and_o sergeant_n george_n strode_n argue_v that_o this_o action_n be_v not_o discharge_v by_o that_o release_n and_o cite_v ho's_z case_n 5_o co_n 70._o where_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o duty_n incertain_a at_o first_o which_o upon_o a_o condition_n precedent_n be_v to_o be_v make_v certain_a afterward_o be_v but_o a_o possibility_n which_o can_v not_o be_v release_v that_o the_o duty_n in_o this_o case_n be_v incertain_a because_o the_o plaintiff_n can_v not_o make_v his_o election_n till_o after_o the_o death_n of_o j._n s._n a_o covenant_n to_o repair_v a._n 2_o cro._n 170._o roll._n abr._n 407._o but_o a_o release_n of_o all_o covenant_n in_o such_o a_o indenture_n have_v be_v a_o bar_n 5_o co._n 71._o a._n and_o a_o release_v plead_v to_o it_o within_o three_o day_n after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o indenture_n and_o upon_o a_o demurrer_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o it_o be_v a_o future_a covenant_n and_o not_o in_o demand_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o release_n although_o it_o be_v of_o all_o demand_n yet_o that_o covenant_n be_v not_o thereby_o release_v so_o here_o neither_o the_o herriot_n nor_o the_o 40_o s._n be_v either_o of_o they_o in_o demand_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o release_v give_v and_o it_o plain_o appear_v by_o the_o exception_n in_o the_o release_n that_o it_o be_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n not_o to_o release_v the_o herriot_n 623._o 2_o cro._n 623._o and_o of_o that_o opinion_n be_v the_o whole_a court_n whereupon_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n north_n chief_a justice_n it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o 141._o of_o sect._n 508_o 510._o 2_o roll._n abr._n 408._o sid._n 141._o littleton_n that_o a_o release_n of_o all_o demand_n do_v release_v a_o rent_n and_o of_o that_o opinion_n be_v justice_n twisden_n in_o the_o argument_n of_o hen_n and_o hanson_n be_v case_n though_o it_o be_v resolve_v there_o that_o a_o release_v of_o all_o demand_n do_v not_o discharge_v a_o rent_n reserve_v upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n because_o such_o rent_n be_v executory_a and_o incident_a to_o the_o reversion_n 486._o 2_o cro._n 486._o and_o grow_v every_o year_n out_o of_o the_o land_n but_o when_o it_o be_v sever_v from_o the_o reversion_n as_o by_o assign_v over_o the_o whole_a term_n than_o it_o become_v a_o sum_n in_o gross_a and_o be_v due_a upon_o the_o contract_n and_o in_o that_o case_n a_o release_n of_o all_o demand_n discharge_v a_o rent_n afterward_o due_a de_fw-fr term._n sancti_fw-la hill_n annis_n 29_o &_o 30_o car._n ii_o in_o communi_fw-la banco_n shambrok_n versus_fw-la fettiplace_n prohibition_n 69._o prescription_n to_o have_v a_o isle_n in_o a_o church_n because_o of_o repair_v no_o good_a cause_n for_o a_o prohibition_n hob._n 69._o the_o question_n be_v whether_o a_o prescription_n be_v good_a to_o a_o isle_n in_o a_o church_n which_o he_o and_o all_o those_o etc._n etc._n use_v to_o repair_v as_o belong_v to_o a_o manor_n where_o he_o have_v no_o dwelling_n house_n but_o only_a land_n and_o sergeant_n geo._n croak_v argue_v that_o it_o be_v good_a and_o cite_v the_o case_n of_o boothby_n and_o bayly_n where_o such_o a_o prescription_n as_o this_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o good_a ground_n for_o a_o prohibition_n vide_fw-la moor_n rep._n 878._o contra_fw-la the_o court_n incline_v that_o it_o be_v not_o good_a but_o order_v the_o prohibition_n to_o go_v and_o the_o defendant_n to_o plead_v that_o it_o may_v come_v judicial_o before_o they_o to_o be_v argue_v dashwood_n versus_fw-la cooper_n &_o alios_fw-la in_fw-la cammera_fw-la scaccarii_fw-la error_n of_o a_o judgement_n in_o trespass_n aliquis_fw-la in_o a_o negative_a plea_n viz._n that_o three_o do_v not_o such_o a_o thing_n it_o must_v be_v say_v nec_fw-la eorum_fw-la aliquis_fw-la wherein_o cooper_n and_o other_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o dashwood_n for_o enter_v into_o a_o brewhouse_n and_o keep_n of_o possession_n and_o take_v away_o of_o 50_o s._n the_o defendant_n plead_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v commit_v a_o offence_n against_o the_o statute_n of_o 12_o car._n 2._o cap._n 23._o by_o which_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o offence_n thereby_o prohibit_v except_o in_o london_n shall_v be_v hear_v by_o two_o or_o more_o of_o the_o next_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o in_o case_n of_o their_o neglect_n or_o refusal_n by_o

remainder_n for_o life_n surrender_v the_o copyhold_n to_o the_o lord_n pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la who_o be_v a_o disseisor_n only_o of_o the_o manor_n ut_fw-la inde_fw-la faciat_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la svam_fw-la the_o disseisor_n grant_v it_o to_o a_o stranger_n for_o life_n the_o disseiseé_v enter_v the_o stranger_n die_v and_o whether_o the_o disseisor_n or_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n for_o life_n who_o make_v the_o surrender_n have_v the_o better_a title_n be_v the_o question_n so_o that_o the_o point_n be_v 540._o cro._n car._n 205._o 2_o sid._n 151._o 1_o roll._n abr._n 540._o whether_o this_o surrender_n by_o a_o copyholder_n in_o remainder_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o disseisor_n be_v good_a and_o shall_v so_o extinguish_v the_o right_n to_o the_o copyhold_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v revive_v by_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o disseisee_fw-mi into_o the_o say_a manor_n it_o be_v say_v that_o in_o some_o case_n a_o surrender_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o disseisor_n be_v good_a that_o be_v when_o the_o surrender_n be_v make_v to_o he_o to_o the_o use_n of_o another_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o he_o admit_v he_o there_o the_o person_n admit_v claim_v not_o under_o the_o lord_n but_o under_o the_o copyholder_n who_o make_v the_o surrender_n b._n 1_o inst_z 59_o b._n for_o nothing_o pass_v to_o the_o lord_n but_o only_o to_o serve_v the_o limitation_n of_o the_o use_n 1_o rol._n abr._n 503._o litt_v q._n pl._n 1._o 24._o 4_o co._n 24._o but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o grantée_n must_v claim_v from_o the_o lord_n himself_o and_o not_o from_o the_o copyholder_n because_o he_o have_v but_o a_o estate_n for_o his_o own_o life_n with_o which_o he_o whole_o depart_v when_o he_o make_v the_o surrender_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o disseisor_n himself_o in_o trinity-term_n follow_v this_o case_n be_v argue_v by_o sergeant_n maynard_n on_o the_o other_o side_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o surrender_n of_o a_o copyhold_n 1._o proper_a 2._o formal_n and_o ceremonious_a if_o a_o surrender_n be_v to_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o use_n of_o another_o this_o be_v no_o proper_a surrender_n for_o no_o estate_n pass_v to_o the_o lord_n he_o be_v only_o the_o instrument_n to_o convey_v it_o to_o the_o surrendree_n and_o this_o be_v but_o nominal_a but_o here_o the_o surrender_n be_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o lord_n himself_o which_o be_v a_o proper_a surrender_n and_o in_o such_o case_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o lord_n have_v a_o reversion_n for_o one_o estate_n be_v to_o be_v turn_v into_o the_o other_o and_o there_o must_v be_v a_o continue_n of_o estate_n but_o dominus_fw-la pro_fw-la tempore_fw-la who_o be_v a_o disseisor_n have_v no_o such_o estate_n executor_n de_fw-fr son_fw-fr tort_fw-fr shall_v sue_v but_o he_o can_v retain_v if_o therefore_o he_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o take_v a_o surrender_n to_o himself_o unless_o he_o have_v such_o a_o estate_n than_o here_o be_v no_o disseisin_n of_o the_o copyhold_n it_o be_v only_o of_o the_o manor_n and_o then_o no_o great_a interest_n pass_v to_o the_o disseisor_n than_o to_o a_o stranger_n whilst_o the_o true_a lord_n have_v be_v in_o possession_n for_o so_o he_o be_v quoad_fw-la this_o copyhold_n if_o he_o be_v not_o disseise_v of_o it_o for_o if_o the_o copyholder_n have_v the_o possession_n there_o can_v be_v then_o no_o disseisin_n if_o he_o be_v out_o of_o possession_n than_o he_o have_v nothing_o but_o a_o right_n and_o that_o can_v be_v surrender_v for_o it_o must_v be_v a_o estate_n as_o if_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n keep_v possession_n it_o be_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o in_o case_n of_o a_o copyhold_n 2_o co._n bettisworth_n case_n ant_n piggot_n and_o lord_n salisbury_n case_n ant_n the_o true_a owner_n make_v a_o feoffment_n in_o fee_n if_o lessee_n for_o year_n continue_v in_o possession_n no_o fréehold_n pass_v if_o tenant_n at_o will_n of_o parcel_n of_o the_o manor_n be_v in_o possession_n that_o prevent_v a_o disseisin_n of_o the_o freehold_a much_o more_o in_o case_n of_o a_o copyhold_n lessee_n for_o year_n the_o remainder_n to_o b._n for_o life_n the_o remainder_n to_o c._n in_o fee_n c._n by_o deed_n make_v a_o feoffment_n to_o b._n and_o livery_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v a_o void_a conveyance_n because_o the_o possession_n of_o lessee_n for_o year_n be_v the_o possession_n of_o he_o in_o the_o remainder_n for_o life_n and_o as_o long_o as_o the_o lessee_n for_o year_n be_v in_o the_o possession_n the_o owner_n of_o the_o inheritance_n can_v be_v out_o lit._n 324._o cap._n attornment_n north_n chief_a justice_n and_o wyndham_n incline_v that_o the_o surrender_n be_v not_o good_a for_o it_o be_v a_o material_a distinction_n where_o the_o surrender_n be_v make_v to_o the_o use_n of_o a_o stranger_n and_o where_o it_o terminate_v in_o the_o lord_n that_o a_o surrender_v make_v by_o a_o copyholder_n for_o life_n can_v not_o transfer_v but_o extinguish_v his_o right_n for_o he_o can_v not_o give_v a_o great_a estate_n than_o he_o have_v that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o reversion_n in_o the_o lord_n to_o make_v a_o surrender_n to_o he_o to_o be_v good_a and_o that_o if_o a_o copyholder_n keep_v in_o possession_n there_o can_v be_v no_o disseisin_n but_o justice_n atkins_n contra_fw-la that_o this_o surrender_n must_v have_v operation_n to_o extinguish_v his_o right_n for_o though_o a_o copyholder_n for_o life_n can_v surrender_v for_o long_a time_n than_o his_o own_o life_n yet_o if_o a_o surrender_n be_v make_v of_o such_o a_o copyhold_n to_o a_o use_n it_o be_v good_a and_o work_n by_o way_n of_o extinguishment_n of_o his_o right_n though_o the_o use_v be_v void_a and_o if_o a_o copyholder_n of_o inheritance_n surrender_v to_o a_o disseisor_n ut_fw-la faciat_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la who_o regrant_o to_o the_o say_a copyholder_n a_o estate_n in_o tail_n according_a to_o the_o surrender_n this_o shall_v bind_v the_o disseisee_fw-mi 1_o roll._n abridg._n 503._o pl._n 3._o tamen_fw-la quaere_fw-la the_o copyholder_n in_o this_o case_n may_v have_v sell_v his_o estate_n to_o the_o disseisor_n and_o it_o have_v be_v good_a and_o though_o the_o act_n of_o a_o disseisor_n shall_v not_o prejudice_v the_o disseisee_fw-mi yet_o he_o can_v see_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o copyholder_n who_o have_v part_v with_o his_o estate_n shall_v have_v it_o again_o taylor_n versus_fw-la biddal_n special_a verdict_n in_o ejectment_n the_o case_n be_v thus_o present_o devise_v till_o he_o be_v of_o age_n then_o to_o he_o in_o fee_n he_o die_v within_o age_n yet_o a_o fee_n vest_v in_o he_o present_o richard_n ben_n be_v seize_v in_o fee_n of_o the_o land_n in_o question_n and_o have_v a_o sister_n name_v elizabeth_n former_o marry_v to_o one_o smith_n by_o who_o she_o have_v issue_n augustine_n smith_n now_o lessor_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o she_o afterward_o marry_v one_o robert_n wharton_n by_o who_o she_o have_v issue_n a_o son_n call_v benjamin_n and_o a_o daughter_n call_v mary_n the_o now_o defendant_n richard_n ben_n devise_v these_o land_n to_o elizabeth_n his_o sister_n and_o heir_n for_o so_o long_a time_n and_o until_o her_o son_n benjamin_n wharton_n shall_v attain_v his_o full_a age_n of_o 21_o year_n and_o after_o he_o shall_v have_v attain_v his_o say_a age_n then_o to_o the_o say_v benjamin_n and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o if_o he_o die_v before_o his_o age_n of_o 21_o year_n then_o to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o robert_n wharton_n and_o to_o their_o heir_n for_o ever_o as_o they_o shall_v attain_v their_o respective_a age_n of_o 21_o year_n richard_z the_o testator_n die_v benjamin_n die_v before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o age_n of_o 21_o year_n live_v roberr_n wharton_n his_o father_n afterward_o robert_n die_v and_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o lessor_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n as_o heir_n to_o elizabeth_n or_o mary_n either_o as_o heir_n to_o her_o brother_n benjamin_n or_o as_o heir_n of_o the_o body_n of_o robert_n shall_v have_v this_o land_n this_o case_n be_v argue_v by_o sergeant_n pemberton_n this_o term_n quer._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la quer._n and_o by_o sergeant_n maynard_n in_o easter-term_n follow_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n and_o they_o hold_v that_o augustine_n smith_n the_o lessor_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v this_o land_n because_o no_o estate_n vest_v in_o benjamin_n wharton_n he_o die_v before_o he_o have_v attain_v his_o age_n of_o 21_o year_n and_o the_o testator_n have_v declare_v that_o his_o sister_n shall_v have_v it_o till_o that_o time_n and_o then_o and_o not_o before_o he_o be_v to_o have_v it_o so_o that_o if_o he_o never_o attain_v that_o age_n as_o in_o this_o case_n he_o do_v not_o the_o land_n shall_v descend_v to_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o testator_n that_o elizabeth_n have_v only_o a_o

shall_v take_v revenge_n themselves_o for_o which_o reason_n he_o hold_v the_o action_n will_v lie_v atkyns_n justice_n contra_fw-la this_o be_v not_o a_o common_a action_n upon_o the_o case_n but_o a_o action_n found_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 2_o of_o r._n 2._o upon_o the_o construction_n whereof_o the_o resolution_n of_o this_o case_n will_v depend_v whether_o the_o action_n will_v lie_v or_o not_o and_o as_o to_o that_o he_o consider_v 1._o the_o occasion_n 2._o the_o scope_n 3._o the_o part_n of_o the_o statute_n 1._o the_o occasion_n of_o it_o be_v mention_v in_o cotton_n abridgement_n of_o the_o record_n of_o the_o tower_n f._n 173._o nu_fw-la 9_o and_o 10._o at_o the_o summon_n of_o this_o parliament_n the_o bishop_n of_o st._n david_n declare_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o meeting_n and_o tell_v both_o the_o house_n of_o the_o mischief_n that_o have_v happen_v by_o divers_a slanderous_a person_n and_o sower_n of_o discord_n which_o he_o say_v be_v dog_n that_o eat_v raw_a flesh_n the_o meaning_n of_o which_o be_v that_o they_o devour_v and_o eat_v one_o another_o to_o prevent_v which_o the_o bishop_n desire_v a_o remedy_n and_o his_o request_n seem_v to_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o make_v this_o law_n for_o ex_fw-la malis_fw-la moribus_fw-la bonae_fw-la nascuntur_fw-la leges_fw-la 2._o the_o scope_n of_o the_o act_n be_v to_o restrain_v unruly_a tongue_n from_o raise_v false_a report_n and_o tell_v story_n and_o lie_n of_o the_o peer_n and_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o that_o the_o design_n of_o the_o act_n be_v to_o prevent_v those_o imminent_a danger_n which_o may_v arise_v and_o be_v occasion_v by_o such_o false_a slander_n 3._o then_o the_o part_n of_o the_o act_n be_v three_o viz._n recite_v the_o offence_n and_o the_o mischief_n then_o mention_v the_o ill_a effect_n and_o appoint_v of_o a_o penalty_n from_o whence_o he_o observe_v 1._o that_o here_o be_v no_o new_a offence_n make_v or_o declare_v for_o nothing_o be_v prohibit_v by_o this_o statute_n but_o what_o be_v so_o at_o the_o common_a law_n before_o the_o offence_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o this_o act_n be_v mala_fw-la in_o se_fw-la and_o those_o be_v offence_n against_o the_o moral_a law_n they_o must_v be_v such_o in_o their_o nature_n as_o bear_v of_o false_a witness_n and_o these_o be_v offence_n against_o a_o common_a person_n which_o he_o admit_v to_o be_v aggravate_v by_o the_o eminency_n of_o the_o person_n against_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v but_o every_o uncivil_a word_n or_o rude_a expression_n speak_v even_o of_o a_o great_a man_n will_v not_o bear_v a_o action_n and_o therefore_o a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n for_o every_o false_a lie_n but_o it_o must_v be_v horrible_a as_o well_o as_o false_a and_o such_o as_o be_v punishable_a in_o the_o high_a commission_n court_n which_o be_v enormous_a crime_n 12_o co._n 43._o by_o this_o description_n of_o the_o offence_n and_o the_o consequence_n and_o effect_n thereof_o he_o say_v he_o can_v better_v judge_n whether_o the_o word_n be_v actionable_a or_o not_o and_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o word_n of_o a_o small_a and_o trivial_a nature_n nor_o to_o all_o word_n which_o be_v actionable_a but_o only_o to_o such_o which_o be_v of_o a_o great_a magnitude_n such_o by_o which_o discord_n may_v arise_v between_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o to_o the_o great_a peril_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o such_o which_o be_v great_a slander_n and_o horrible_a lie_n which_o be_v word_n purposely_o put_v into_o this_o statute_n for_o the_o aggravation_n and_o distinction_n of_o the_o crime_n and_o therefore_o such_o word_n which_o be_v actionable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n may_v not_o be_v so_o within_o this_o statute_n because_o not_o horrible_a great_a scandal_n he_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o these_o be_v undecent_a and_o uncivil_a word_n and_o very_o ill_o apply_v to_o that_o honourable_a person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v speak_v but_o no_o body_n can_v think_v that_o they_o be_v horrible_a great_a slander_n or_o that_o any_o debate_n may_v arise_v between_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o by_o reason_n such_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o this_o peer_n or_o that_o it_o shall_v tend_v to_o the_o great_a peril_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o quick_a destruction_n thereof_o such_o as_o these_o be_v not_o likely_a to_o be_v the_o effect_n and_o consequence_n of_o these_o word_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o be_v within_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o act_n because_o they_o do_v not_o agree_v with_o the_o description_n give_v in_o it_o 2._o here_o be_v no_o new_a punishment_n inflict_v on_o the_o offender_n for_o at_o the_o common_a law_n any_o person_n for_o such_o offence_n as_o herein_o be_v describe_v may_v have_v be_v fine_v and_o imprison_v either_o upon_o indictment_n or_o information_n bring_v against_o he_o and_o no_o other_o punishment_n be_v give_v here_o but_o imprisonment_n even_o at_o the_o common_a law_n scandal_n of_o a_o peer_n may_v be_v punish_v by_o pillory_n and_o loss_n of_o ear_n 5_o co._n 125._o de_fw-fr libellis_fw-la famosis_n 12_o co._n 37._o 9_o co._n 59_o lamb_n case_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v this_o be_v a_o offence_n at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o aggravate_v now_o because_o against_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v a_o positive_a law_n much_o like_o a_o proclamation_n which_o be_v set_v forth_o to_o enforce_v the_o execution_n of_o a_o law_n by_o which_o the_o offence_n be_v afterward_o great_a he_o do_v agree_v that_o a_o action_n will_v lie_v upon_o this_o statute_n though_o there_o be_v no_o express_a word_n to_o give_v it_o to_o a_o peer_n because_o where_o there_o be_v a_o prohibition_n and_o a_o wrong_n and_o damage_n arise_v to_o the_o party_n by_o do_v the_o thing_n prohibit_v in_o such_o case_n the_o common_a law_n do_v entitle_v the_o party_n to_o a_o action_n 10_o co._n 75._o 12_o co._n 100_o 103._o and_o such_o be_v the_o resolution_n in_o the_o earl_n of_o northampton_n case_n upon_o construction_n of_o the_o law_n as_o incident_a to_o the_o statute_n and_o as_o the_o offence_n be_v great_a because_o of_o the_o act_n and_o as_o the_o action_n will_v lie_v upon_o the_o statute_n so_o the_o party_n injure_v may_v sue_v in_o a_o qui_fw-la tam_fw-la which_o he_o can_v not_o have_v do_v before_o the_o make_v this_o law_n 3._o but_o that_o such_o word_n as_o these_o be_v not_o actionable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n much_o less_o by_o the_o statute_n for_o the_o defendant_n speak_v only_o his_o judgement_n and_o opinion_n and_o do_v not_o direct_o charge_v the_o plaintiff_n with_o any_o thing_n and_o may_v well_o be_v resemble_v to_o such_o case_n as_o be_v in_o roll_n abridgm_n 1_o part_n 57_o pl_z 30._o which_o be_v a_o little_a more_o solemn_a because_o adjudge_v upon_o a_o special_a verdict_n the_o word_n be_v speak_v of_o a_o justice_n of_o peace_n thou_o be_v a_o bloodsucker_n and_o not_o fit_a to_o live_v in_o a_o commonwealth_n these_o be_v not_o hold_v actionable_a because_o they_o neither_o relate_v to_o his_o office_n or_o fix_v any_o crime_n upon_o he_o fol._n 43._o in_o the_o same_o book_n thou_o deserve_v to_o be_v hang_v not_o actionable_a because_o it_o be_v only_o his_o opinion_n so_o where_o the_o word_n be_v general_a without_o any_o particular_a circumstance_n they_o make_v no_o impression_n and_o gain_v no_o credit_n and_o therefore_o in_o cro._n car._n 111._o 1_o roll._n abridgm_n 107._o pl._n 43._o you_o be_v no_o true_a subject_n to_o the_o king_n the_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v say_v the_o plaintiff_n act_v against_o law_n which_o do_v not_o imply_v a_o habit_n in_o he_o so_o to_o do_v and_o when_o word_n may_v as_o well_o be_v take_v in_o a_o mild_a as_o in_o a_o severe_a sense_n the_o rule_n be_v quod_fw-la in_o mitiori_fw-la sensu_fw-la accipienda_fw-la sunt_fw-la now_o these_o word_n be_v capable_a of_o such_o a_o favourable_a construction_n for_o no_o more_o be_v say_v of_o the_o plaintiff_n than_o what_o in_o some_o sense_n may_v be_v say_v of_o every_o person_n whatsoever_o for_o who_o can_v boast_v of_o his_o innocency_n who_o keep_v close_o in_o all_o his_o action_n to_o law_n and_o reason_n and_o to_o say_v a_o man_n act_n against_o both_o may_v imply_v that_o he_o depart_v from_o those_o rule_n in_o some_o particular_a case_n where_o it_o be_v the_o error_n of_o his_o judgement_n only_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n case_n sheppard_n abridgement_n 1_o part_n f._n 28._o viz._n you_o be_v use_v to_o do_v thing_n against_o law_n and_o mention_n a_o particular_a fact_n there_o indeed_o because_o of_o usage_n of_o the_o ill_a practice_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o action_n lie_v but_o if_o he_o have_v be_v