another_o and_o be_v part_n one_o of_o another_o i_o do_v not_o understand_v 6._o a_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v only_o then_o a_o civil_a law_n when_o it_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o law_n before_o 7._o for_o the_o most_o part_n learned_a man_n do_v understand_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n certain_a divine_a principle_n imprint_v upon_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n more_o immediate_a by_o the_o law_n civil_a more_o remote_a conclusion_n of_o constitutive_a law_n civil_a t._n h._n see_v all_o law_n have_v their_o authority_n and_o force_n from_o the_o will_n of_o the_o sovereign_n a_o man_n may_v wonder_v whence_o proceed_v such_o opinion_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o lawyer_n of_o eminence_n in_o several_a commonwealth_n direct_o or_o by_o consequence_n make_v the_o legislative_a power_n depend_v on_o private_a man_n or_o subordinate_a judge_n as_o for_o example_n that_o the_o common-law_n 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of_o the_o constitution_n both_o of_o this_o and_o also_o of_o other_o state_n partly_o because_o they_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o his_o utopian_a principle_n for_o he_o presuppose_v 1._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n 2._o that_o the_o parliament_n as_o a_o parliament_n be_v mere_o a_o subject_n 3._o that_o the_o king_n have_v power_n at_o will_n and_o pleasure_n to_o call_v parliament_n and_o dissolve_v they_o yet_o these_o have_v he_o not_o make_v good_a neither_o can_v he_o 1._o that_o our_o king_n be_v not_o absolute_a monarch_n be_v well_o know_v the_o law_n and_o practice_n have_v make_v it_o manifest_v and_o whatsoever_o ignorant_a person_n and_o parasite_n may_v say_v yet_o wise_a man_n both_o english_a and_o foreign_a statesman_n who_o have_v deal_v with_o england_n have_v be_v assure_v of_o the_o contrary_a especial_o when_o in_o certain_a league_n they_o have_v require_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o parliament_n again_o the_o king_n of_o england_n never_o make_v or_o repeal_v a_o law_n nor_o levy_v a_o subsidy_n alone_o themselves_o without_o a_o parliament_n and_o they_o be_v swear_v corroborare_fw-la leges_fw-la quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la elegerit_fw-la for_o let_v elegerit_fw-la be_v what_o tense_n it_o will_v vulgus_fw-la which_o be_v populus_fw-la non_fw-la rex_fw-la eligit_fw-la leges_fw-la and_o the_o late_a king_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o 19_o proposition_n do_v confess_v that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o have_v a_o share_n in_o the_o legislative_a power_n and_o it_o be_v very_o much_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o if_o that_o king_n who_o himself_o alone_o can_v never_o make_v or_o repeal_v a_o law_n nor_o levy_v or_o impose_v a_o subsidy_n nor_o revoke_v the_o judgement_n of_o any_o court_n nor_o alter_v a_o word_n or_o clause_n in_o any_o law_n agree_v upon_o in_o parliament_n shall_v be_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n it_o be_v far_o more_o probable_a he_o be_v only_o trust_v with_o the_o force_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o justice_n according_a to_o law_n and_o judgement_n according_a to_o the_o second_o maxim_n and_o if_o he_o be_v no_o absolute_a sovereign_n than_o his_o second_o supposition_n that_o the_o parliament_n as_o such_o be_v only_o a_o assembly_n of_o private_a man_n and_o subject_n and_o to_o be_v consider_v in_o no_o other_o capacity_n be_v false_a as_o likewise_o his_o three_o that_o the_o king_n can_v call_v and_o dissolve_v parliament_n at_o will_n and_o pleasure_n for_o by_o the_o constitution_n the_o law_n and_o practice_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o call_v they_o once_o a_o year_n and_o often_o as_o the_o necessity_n and_o exigency_n of_o affair_n either_o of_o peace_n or_o war_n shall_v require_v and_o in_o such_o case_n to_o dissolve_v they_o before_o the_o ardua_fw-la regni_fw-la be_v dispatch_v be_v both_o dangerous_a and_o destructive_a and_o do_v argue_v either_o a_o bad_a constitution_n or_o a_o corruption_n of_o the_o same_o t._n h._n law_n can_v be_v against_o reason_n neither_o be_v it_o the_o letter_n but_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n that_o be_v the_o law_n and_o this_o reason_n be_v not_o private_a of_o subordinate_a judge_n but_o of_o the_o supreme_a lawgiver_n g._n l._n all_o this_o be_v willing_o grant_v if_o he_o understand_v by_o reason_n not_o the_o mere_a conceit_n or_o will_n of_o the_o sovereign_n but_o that_o reason_n which_o be_v a_o ray_n of_o divine_a wisdom_n shine_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n regulate_v his_o judgement_n and_o express_v in_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o sense_n of_o a_o law_n give_v by_o a_o learned_a judge_n subordinate_a may_v be_v very_o true_a yet_o not_o authentic_a because_o he_o that_o make_v the_o law_n can_v interpret_v law_n in_o that_o manner_n and_o none_o else_o i_o pass_v by_o his_o discourse_n concern_v promulgation_n and_o interpretation_n of_o law_n as_o also_o the_o qualification_n of_o judge_n which_o belong_v to_o that_o chapter_n of_o officer_n former_o mention_v he_o may_v have_v do_v well_o to_o have_v improve_v these_o excellent_a treatise_n of_o other_o learned_a author_n who_o have_v inform_v we_o both_o more_o accurate_o and_o also_o more_o particular_o of_o these_o thing_n than_o he_o himself_o have_v do_v but_o he_o conject_v himself_o as_o far_o above_o they_o as_o they_o surpass_v ordinary_a man_n neither_o be_v his_o distribution_n of_o law_n worth_a the_o examination_n as_o be_v very_o crude_a and_o indigested_a as_o also_o heterogeneous_a i_o proceed_v therefore_o to_o his_o two_o question_n concern_v what_o assurance_n may_v be_v have_v of_o and_o obedience_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v unto_o divine_a positive_a law_n the_o question_n be_v t._n h._n 1._o how_o can_v a_o man_n without_o supernatural_a revelation_n be_v assure_v of_o the_o revelation_n receive_v by_o the_o declarer_fw-la of_o those_o law_n 2._o how_o can_v he_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v they_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o first_o by_o sanctity_n miracle_n wisdom_n success_n without_o particular_a revelation_n its_o impossible_a for_o a_o man_n to_o have_v assurance_n of_o a_o revelation_n make_v to_o another_o therefore_o no_o man_n can_v infallible_o know_v by_o natural_a reason_n that_o another_o have_v have_v a_o supernatural_a revelation_n of_o god_n will_n but_o only_o a_o belief_n g._n l._n this_o presuppose_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v a_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n 2._o this_o positive_a law_n be_v declare_v and_o witness_v to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n 3._o that_o this_o testimony_n concern_v this_o law_n be_v divine_a and_o infallible_a 4._o that_o it_o be_v such_o because_o it_o be_v ground_v on_o and_o agreeable_a to_o a_o immediate_a revelation_n from_o god_n of_o that_o law_n to_o he_o that_o do_v declare_v it_o as_o to_o moses_n the_o prophet_n or_o apostle_n for_o god_n former_o speak_v unto_o the_o father_n by_o the_o prophet_n in_o the_o latter_a time_n to_o their_o child_n by_o his_o son_n first_o and_o after_o by_o his_o apostle_n the_o question_n here_o be_v not_o how_o we_o shall_v attain_v a_o demonstrative_a clear_a or_o intuitive_a knowledge_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n nor_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o revelation_n but_o how_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o the_o declaration_n or_o testimony_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o revelation_n be_v make_v be_v divine_a that_o we_o may_v believe_v it_o as_o divine_a and_o from_o god_n the_o mean_n whereby_o the_o divinity_n of_o the_o testimony_n be_v make_v evident_a at_o the_o first_o be_v extraordinary_a as_o sign_n wonder_n and_o divers_a miracle_n and_o gift_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n heb._n 2.4_o but_o after_o that_o upon_o these_o divine_a attestation_n the_o gospel_n be_v general_o receive_v in_o all_o nation_n and_o the_o prophecy_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n in_o this_o particular_a fulfil_v these_o cease_v yet_o one_o thing_n
same_o continue_a till_o our_o time_n but_o the_o whole_a frame_n be_v strange_o alter_v and_o corrupt_v many_o different_a opinion_n there_o be_v concern_v our_o government_n yet_o three_o among_o the_o rest_n be_v most_o remarkable_a for_o one_o party_n conceive_v the_o king_n to_o be_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n a_o second_o determine_v the_o king_n peer_n and_o commons_o to_o be_v three_o coordinate_a power_n yet_o so_o that_o some_o of_o they_o grant_v three_o negative_n some_o only_a two_o a_o three_o party_n give_v distinct_a right_n unto_o these_o three_o yet_o in_o this_o they_o be_v subdivide_v and_o they_o will_v be_v think_v to_o be_v more_o rational_a who_o give_v the_o legislative_a power_n unto_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o one_o house_n the_o judicial_a to_o the_o lord_n in_o a_o distinct_a house_n and_o the_o executive_a to_o the_o king_n who_o be_v therefore_o trust_v with_o the_o sword_n both_o of_o war_n and_o justice_n none_o of_o these_o can_v give_v satisfaction_n there_o be_v another_o opinion_n which_o put_v the_o supreme_a power_n radical_o in_o the_o 40._o county_n to_o be_v exercise_v by_o king_n peer_n and_o commons_o according_a to_o certain_a rule_n which_o by_o antiquary_n in_o law_n together_o with_o some_o experience_a statesman_n of_o this_o nation_n may_v be_v find_v out_o but_o be_v not_o the_o seed_n of_o this_o division_n be_v sow_o and_o begin_v to_o appear_v before_o the_o war_n and_o the_o opinion_n that_o all_o these_o be_v only_o in_o one_o man_n that_o be_v the_o king_n absolute_o some_o say_v be_v the_o great_a cause_n not_o only_o of_o the_o last_o but_o also_o of_o other_o civil_a war_n in_o former_a time_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o every_o man_n like_v that_o opinion_n best_o which_o be_v most_o suitable_a to_o his_o own_o interest_n our_o several_a opinion_n in_o religion_n have_v heighten_v our_o difference_n and_o hinder_v our_o settlement_n yet_o religion_n be_v but_o pretend_a for_o every_o party_n aim_v at_o civil_a power_n not_o spiritual_a liberty_n from_o sin_n and_o the_o power_n to_o settle_v we_o thus_o woeful_o distract_v be_v only_o in_o god_n and_o if_o he_o ever_o will_v be_v thus_o merciful_a unto_o we_o the_o way_n whereby_o he_o will_v effect_v it_o will_v be_v by_o give_v the_o great_a power_n to_o man_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o integrity_n not_o by_o reduce_v we_o unto_o one_o opinion_n that_o all_o the_o power_n civil_a must_v be_v in_o one_o as_o the_o author_n do_v fond_o fancy_n let_v the_o form_n be_v the_o best_a in_o the_o world_n yet_o without_o good_a governor_n be_v in_o vain_a the_o subject_n of_o this_o chapter_n be_v majestas_fw-la &_o jura_fw-la majestatis_fw-la the_o right_n of_o sovereign_n which_o this_o author_n have_v handle_v very_o poor_o and_o if_o he_o have_v but_o translate_v that_o which_o other_o have_v more_o excellent_o write_v in_o this_o particular_a before_o he_o he_o may_v have_v inform_v we_o better_o give_v his_o reader_n more_o satisfaction_n reduce_v they_o to_o a_o better_a method_n and_o neither_o have_v make_v such_o to_o be_v right_n which_o be_v none_o nor_o omit_v those_o which_o true_o be_v such_o as_o he_o have_v do_v cap._n iii_o of_o the_o second_o part_n and_o the_o nineteenth_o of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o several_a kind_n of_o commonwealth_n by_o institution_n and_o of_o succession_n to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n by_o these_o brief_a content_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o chapter_n be_v the_o distinction_n of_o commonwealth_n and_o succession_n to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n in_o a_o successive_a state_n in_o the_o first_o part_n he_o 1._o reduce_v all_o commonwealth_n to_o three_o kind_n 2._o prefer_v monarchy_n one_o of_o they_o before_o all_o the_o rest_n t._n h._n other_o kind_n of_o commonwealth_n beside_o monarchy_n democracy_n aristocracy_n there_o can_v be_v g._n l._n this_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v a_o distribution_n into_o species_n or_o kind_n yet_o if_o we_o thorough_o examine_v it_o it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o accidential_a difference_n for_o it_o arise_v only_o from_o the_o distinct_a and_o different_a manner_n of_o dispose_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o one_o or_o more_o in_o more_o and_o these_o be_v the_o optimates_fw-la some_o of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o eminent_a or_o in_o the_o whole_a community_n yet_o in_o all_o these_o the_o essential_a act_n of_o government_n and_o so_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o state_n and_o they_o be_v as_o you_o hear_v before_o three_o legislation_n judgement_n and_o execution_n for_o its_o mere_o accidental_a to_o the_o supremacy_n to_o be_v dispose_v more_o or_o more_o that_o it_o must_v be_v dispose_v in_o some_o certain_a such_o sect_n be_v necessary_a and_o that_o as_o the_o supremacy_n be_v one_o and_o indivisible_a so_o the_o subject_n must_v be_v one_o also_o and_o that_o either_o physical_o or_o moral_o the_o great_a variety_n of_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v such_o that_o there_o be_v not_o two_o in_o the_o whole_a world_n in_o all_o thing_n like_a arise_v not_o from_o the_o constitution_n but_o from_o the_o different_a manner_n of_o administration_n though_o the_o author_n deny_v all_o mix_a commonwealth_n yet_o wise_a and_o learned_a man_n which_o without_o disparagement_n to_o he_o may_v be_v prefer_v before_o he_o as_o in_o other_o thing_n so_o in_o state-learning_n have_v say_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v no_o pure_a monarchy_n or_o aristocracy_n or_o democracy_n in_o the_o world_n 2._o that_o not_o only_o some_o but_o all_o commonwealth_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n mix_v or_o temper_v and_o allay_v because_o they_o conceive_v it_o be_v hardly_o possible_a for_o any_o pure_a state_n to_o continue_v long_o against_o these_o i_o find_v in_o mr._n hobbs_n a_o verbal_a contradiction_n but_o no_o real_a confutation_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o he_o never_o true_o understand_v they_o neither_o have_v he_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o difference_n between_o real_a and_o personal_a majesty_n or_o of_o the_o natural_a or_o ethical_a subject_n of_o supremacy_n or_o of_o the_o exercise_n thereof_o by_o certain_a person_n and_o the_o constant_a inherency_n of_o it_o in_o a_o certain_a subject_n and_o we_o know_v by_o experience_n that_o such_o as_o be_v only_o trust_v with_o the_o exercise_n of_o supreme_a power_n will_v by_o little_a and_o little_o usurp_v it_o and_o in_o the_o end_n plead_v prescription_n so_o lewis_n the_o 11._o of_o france_n when_o he_o violate_v the_o law_n of_o the_o constitution_n remove_v all_o such_o as_o by_o right_a aught_o to_o have_v poise_v he_o can_v boast_v that_o he_o have_v free_v the_o crown_n from_o wardship_n and_o this_o have_v be_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o europe_n which_o in_o the_o end_n will_v prove_v their_o ruin_n as_o for_o the_o present_a it_o have_v be_v their_o trouble_n there_o be_v no_o commonwealth_n but_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o one_o of_o these_o three_o in_o some_o respect_n yet_o so_o that_o monarchy_n differ_v as_o much_o from_o one_o another_o as_o they_o differ_v from_o the_o other_o two_o some_o be_v regal_a some_o despotical_a and_o there_o be_v several_a sort_n of_o these_o but_o i_o do_v not_o intend_v at_o this_o time_n to_o contest_v with_o he_o about_o this_o distribution_n but_o proceed_v t._n h._n tyranny_n and_o oligarchy_n be_v but_o different_a name_n of_o monarchy_n and_o aristocracy_n not_o different_a form_n of_o government_n g._n l._n these_o name_n do_v not_o signify_v chimera_n but_o real_a entity_n and_o if_o any_o have_v abuse_v they_o to_o signify_v form_n of_o government_n let_v they_o answer_v for_o themselves_o i_o know_v they_o not_o they_o can_v be_v man_n of_o any_o note_n tyranny_n do_v not_o signify_v monarchy_n nor_o oligarchy_n a_o aristocracy_n they_o signify_v the_o vicious_a corruption_n of_o state_n degenerate_a from_o their_o original_a constitution_n and_o that_o by_o the_o wickedness_n of_o a_o prince_n and_o the_o faction_n of_o a_o assembly_n engross_a power_n and_o enhanse_a it_o above_o that_o which_o be_v due_a and_o just_a and_o so_o become_v a_o multitude_n of_o tyrant_n and_o this_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o many_o nation_n when_o they_o have_v power_n in_o their_o own_o hand_n have_v alter_v the_o form_n of_o government_n be_v jealous_a of_o trust_v one_o man_n or_o assembly_n of_o man_n long_o with_o too_o much_o power_n and_o the_o wise_a have_v set_v their_o wit_n on_o the_o rack_n to_o find_v out_o a_o way_n how_o to_o limit_v and_o restrain_v the_o power_n of_o their_o governor_n t._n h._n subordinate_a representative_n be_v dangerous_a and_o i_o know_v not_o how_o that_o so_o manifest_a a_o truth_n shall_v of_o late_o be_v so_o little_o observe_v that_o in_o a_o monarchy_n he_o that_o have_v the_o sovereignty_n from_o a_o descent_n
too_o for_o such_o the_o jew_n here_o charge_v be_v so_o that_o all_o that_o can_v be_v either_o by_o he_o evident_o prove_v or_o by_o other_o grant_v be_v that_o if_o by_o nature_n he_o mean_v corruption_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o same_o not_o only_o original_a and_o native_a but_o also_o acquire_v by_o perpetual_a act_n so_o far_o as_o to_o quench_v the_o light_n of_o nature_n and_o suppress_v the_o vigour_n of_o those_o principle_n which_o god_n leave_v as_o relic_n of_o his_o image_n than_o his_o position_n may_v be_v true_a that_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o state_n of_o war._n second_o that_o by_o a_o well-constituted_n civil_a government_n to_o which_o nature_n incline_v man_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o peace_n may_v be_v more_o easy_o and_o better_a observe_v but_o i_o hasten_v to_o his_o definition_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o it_o be_v thus_o define_v by_o mr._n hobbs_n a_o commonwealth_n be_v a_o person_n of_o who_o act_n a_o great_a multitude_n by_o mutual_a covenant_n one_o with_o another_o have_v make_v themselves_o every_o one_o the_o author_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v use_v the_o strength_n and_o mean_n of_o they_o all_o as_o he_o shall_v think_v expedient_a for_o their_o peace_n and_o common_a defence_n g._n l._n 1._o this_o definition_n be_v obscure_a and_o may_v have_v be_v make_v more_o plain_a and_o easy_a and_o such_o as_o we_o read_v in_o other_o author_n 2._o it_o be_v imperfect_a and_o only_o tell_v we_o what_o pars_fw-la imperans_fw-la be_v and_o that_o most_o poor_o if_o not_o false_o too_o 3._o it_o may_v agree_v unto_o the_o head_n or_o captain_n of_o a_o sedition_n or_o rebellion_n or_o a_o company_n of_o thief_n and_o robber_n by_o land_n or_o pirate_n by_o sea_n nay_o but_o that_o he_o speak_v of_o a_o society_n or_o multitude_n of_o man_n it_o exact_o agree_v unto_o belzebub_n the_o prince_n of_o devil_n in_o a_o word_n it_o agree_v to_o any_o unlawful_a multitude_n unite_v to_o do_v mischief_n for_o here_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o reason_n or_o justice_n or_o law_n aristotle_n and_o other_o author_n use_v to_o qualify_v their_o definition_n of_o a_o state_n with_o some_o such_o term_n for_o they_o make_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d legitimam_fw-la ordinationem_fw-la and_o do_v not_o give_v up_o all_o to_o the_o sovereigns_n judgement_n which_o may_v be_v blind_v or_o his_o will_n which_o may_v be_v corrupt_v or_o his_o power_n which_o may_v act_v more_o like_o a_o beast_n then_o like_o a_o man_n 4._o a_o commonwealth_n may_v be_v define_v in_o another_o manner_n thus_o it_o be_v a_o community_n of_o man_n orderly_o subject_v to_o a_o supreme_a power_n civil_a that_o they_o may_v live_v peaceable_o in_o all_o godliness_n and_o honesty_n this_o definition_n or_o rather_o description_n be_v not_o so_o accurate_a yet_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o inform_v the_o reader_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o civil_a government_n somewhat_o better_a than_o the_o author_n have_v do_v in_o it_o we_o may_v consider_v 1._o the_o community_n as_o the_o matter_n and_o subject_a 2._o the_o supreme_a power_n civil_a inform_v this_o matter_n 3._o the_o orderly_a subjection_n unto_o it_o for_o peace_n and_o a_o good_a life_n 1._o the_o community_n be_v the_o matter_n of_o which_o some_o thing_n may_v be_v observe_v as_o 1._o that_o the_o name_n in_o greek_a be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a civitas_n which_o be_v not_o as_o the_o author_n say_v a_o commonwealth_n in_o proper_a sense_n for_o that_o in_o greek_a be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o latin_a respublica_fw-la 2._o that_o it_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o reasonable_a man_n not_o a_o leviathan_n which_o be_v a_o irrational_a brute_n the_o number_n of_o this_o multitude_n may_v be_v great_a or_o less_o and_o not_o certain_o determinable_a for_o ragusa_n a_o little_a city_n as_o well_o as_o the_o vast_a roman_a empire_n may_v be_v a_o community_n to_o make_v a_o perfect_a state_n 3._o this_o community_n must_v be_v associate_v and_o unite_v not_o only_o in_o vicinity_n of_o place_n which_o be_v convenient_a but_o also_o in_o some_o strict_a bond_n before_o they_o can_v be_v capable_a of_o a_o supreme_a power_n 4._o the_o member_n of_o this_o society_n be_v by_o nature_n free_a and_o by_o god_n to_o who_o they_o be_v subject_a leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o choose_v what_o governor_n or_o form_n of_o government_n they_o please_v yet_o so_o that_o they_o must_v desire_v and_o endeavour_v the_o best_a and_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v most_o conduce_v to_o peace_n and_o righteousness_n 5._o sometime_o it_o fall_v out_o and_o be_v so_o order_v by_o providence_n that_o a_o people_n who_o have_v continue_v for_o a_o certain_a time_n under_o a_o form_n of_o government_n return_v unto_o their_o first_o liberty_n yet_o even_o then_o when_o god_n do_v offer_v they_o a_o opportunity_n to_o establish_v the_o best_a form_n and_o constitution_n that_o they_o be_v fearful_o divide_v some_o be_v for_o the_o former_a government_n other_o idolize_v some_o new_a idea_n frame_v in_o their_o own_o brain_n other_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n get_v the_o sword_n into_o their_o hand_n and_o once_o possess_v of_o power_n be_v unwilling_a to_o part_v with_o it_o yet_o these_o sometime_o be_v dispossess_v again_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o people_n like_o so_o many_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v toss_v this_o way_n and_o that_o way_n by_o contrary_a wind_n like_v as_o in_o daniel_n vision_n when_o he_o see_v the_o four_o wind_n strive_v upon_o the_o great_a sea_n out_o of_o which_o arise_v the_o great_a empire_n of_o the_o world_n dan._n 7.2_o 3_o etc._n etc._n and_o all_o this_o come_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o just_a judgement_n of_o god_n and_o the_o wilful_a folly_n of_o man_n who_o be_v enemy_n to_o their_o own_o peace_n last_o in_o these_o many_o alteration_n of_o governor_n and_o form_n of_o government_n the_o community_n abide_v the_o same_o except_o it_o be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o sword_n as_o the_o amalakite_n and_o canaanite_n be_v or_o destroy_v by_o some_o extraordinary_a judgement_n as_o sodom_n and_o gomorrha_n with_o fire_n and_o brimstone_n from_o heaven_n the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o definition_n be_v the_o supreme_a power_n and_o here_o we_o must_v consider_v 1._o the_o nature_n of_o power_n in_o general_n 2._o the_o nature_n of_o supreme_a power_n civil_a 3._o the_o original_a of_o it_o 4._o the_o subject_a wherein_o it_o be_v fix_v 1._o power_n in_o latin_a potestas_fw-la in_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v jus_fw-la imperandi_fw-la a_o quality_n inherent_a in_o a_o superior_a as_o such_o whereby_o he_o can_v effectual_o command_v or_o bind_v any_o person_n subject_n as_o subject_a imperium_fw-la or_o command_n be_v proper_o a_o act_n of_o a_o superior_a will_n whereby_o the_o person_n subject_n be_v bind_v to_o obedience_n or_o punishment_n it_o presuppose_v the_o understanding_n and_o practical_a judgement_n whereby_o it_o be_v direct_v and_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n without_o a_o executive_a power_n and_o coactive_a force_n sufficient_a to_o protect_v the_o subject_a obey_n and_o punish_v he_o if_o he_o prove_v disobedient_a and_o because_o the_o judgement_n may_v be_v erroneous_a and_o the_o command_v unjust_a therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o jus_fw-la imperandi_fw-la without_o divine_a wisdom_n to_o direct_v the_o understanding_n and_o justice_n to_o regulate_v the_o will_n which_o be_v to_o direct_v the_o coactive_a force_n and_o though_o superior_n may_v in_o many_o thing_n abuse_v their_o superiority_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o cease_v to_o be_v superior_n though_o as_o abuse_v their_o power_n they_o be_v not_o superior_n because_o nulla_fw-la datur_fw-la potestas_fw-la ad_fw-la malum_fw-la none_o can_v have_v power_n to_o bind_v contrary_a to_o divine_a wisdom_n and_o justice_n 2._o supreme_a power_n civil_a which_o be_v in_o latin_a call_v majestas_fw-la which_o be_v maxima_fw-la potestas_fw-la in_o civitate_fw-la may_v be_v define_v out_o of_o rom._n 13.1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o etc._n etc._n and_o 1_o pet._n 2.13_o to_o be_v a_o sword_n commit_v by_o god_n unto_o high_a power_n for_o to_o punish_v the_o bad_a and_o protect_v the_o good_a for_o 1._o in_o all_o government_n civil_a there_o must_v be_v a_o sword_n which_o be_v a_o outward_a coactive_a strength_n and_o force_n and_o the_o same_o sufficient_a for_o the_o end_n it_o be_v ordain_v and_o give_v by_o god_n how_o otherwise_o can_v there_o possible_o be_v any_o sufficient_a protection_n or_o punishment_n within_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o community_n and_o territory_n and_o here_o two_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o sword_n must_v protect_v from_o enemy_n without_o and_o unjust_a subject_n within_o for_o the_o sword_n of_o war_n and_o justice_n be_v but_o one_o sword_n 2._o that_o there_o
few_o passage_n to_o manifest_v that_o he_o never_o understand_v what_o liberty_n be_v liberty_n of_o subject_n be_v not_o natural_a nor_o moral_a nor_o theological_a but_o political_a and_o civil_a in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o politic_n it_o be_v oppose_v to_o servitude_n and_o bondage_n not_o simple_o and_o mere_o to_o obligation_n by_o law_n as_o he_o fanci_v for_o thus_o he_o write_v t._n h._n so_o man_n have_v also_o make_v artificial_a charm_n call_v civil_a law_n which_o they_o themselves_o by_o mutual_a covenant_n have_v fasten_v at_o one_o end_n to_o the_o lip_n of_o the_o sovereign_n at_o the_o other_o to_o their_o own_o ear_n g._n l._n the_o author_n meaning_n be_v that_o so_o far_o as_o law_n bound_v the_o subject_n so_o far_o they_o take_v away_o his_o liberty_n and_o man_n by_o constitution_n of_o a_o sovereign_n over_o they_o give_v a_o power_n absolute_a to_o make_v law_n and_o so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v virtual_o subject_a to_o his_o power_n and_o actual_o bind_v by_o his_o law_n they_o can_v be_v free_a yet_o this_o well_o examine_v will_v not_o prove_v true_a for_o not_o any_o kind_n of_o obligation_n take_v it_o away_o for_o then_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n by_o which_o a_o man_n be_v bind_v before_o he_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o civil_a sovereign_n shall_v deprive_v he_o of_o his_o liberty_n yet_o they_o leave_v he_o as_o free_v a_o man_n as_o any_o possible_o in_o a_o free-state_n can_v be_v the_o obligation_n of_o just_a law_n and_o wise_a edict_n do_v regulate_v liberty_n keep_v it_o within_o its_o proper_a bound_n and_o no_o way_n destroy_v it_o or_o take_v it_o away_o therefore_o that_o which_o follow_v be_v questionable_a for_o he_o affirm_v t_o h._n that_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n therefore_o lie_v only_o in_o those_o thing_n which_o in_o regulate_v their_o action_n the_o sovereign_n have_v pretermit_v g._n l._n but_o 1._o in_o thing_n leave_v indifferent_a because_o not_o define_v by_o law_n the_o subject_n be_v not_o only_a libre_fw-la sed_fw-la dominus_fw-la and_o have_v not_o only_a libertatem_fw-la but_o potestatem_fw-la he_o be_v not_o only_o free_a but_o lord_n of_o those_o action_n and_o have_v not_o only_a liberty_n but_o also_o a_o absolute_a power_n 2._o though_o wise_a and_o just_a law_n do_v regulate_v action_n yet_o they_o do_v not_o make_v the_o agent_n a_o slave_n or_o a_o servant_n for_o to_o be_v a_o slave_n or_o a_o servant_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v below_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o man_n and_o make_v he_o subject_a to_o some_o thing_n below_o himself_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n be_v above_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sovereign_n much_o more_o above_o the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n they_o be_v particle_n of_o the_o divine_a perfection_n and_o to_o be_v bind_v by_o they_o be_v not_o only_o a_o liberty_n but_o a_o honour_n to_o be_v free_a from_o the_o dominion_n of_o our_o own_o base_a lust_n and_o sin_n and_o the_o power_n of_o satan_n be_v true_a liberty_n divine_a and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o lust_n and_o imperious_a unworthy_a command_n of_o absolute_a sovereign_n who_o will_n though_o irrational_a &_o contrary_a to_o justice_n must_v stand_v for_o law_n be_v civil_a liberty_n and_o then_o a_o man_n be_v political_o free_a when_o he_o be_v so_o far_o master_n of_o his_o life_n good_n child_n and_o that_o which_o be_v just_o he_o that_o they_o can_v be_v take_v away_o from_o he_o but_o for_o some_o crime_n contrary_a to_o just_a law_n deserve_v such_o a_o penalty_n in_o a_o word_n the_o liberty_n of_o a_o subject_n be_v such_o a_o state_n or_o condition_n as_o that_o he_o be_v neither_o by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n nor_o any_o law_n bind_v to_o do_v any_o thing_n which_o a_o rational_a and_o just_a man_n will_v not_o willing_o do_v though_o there_o be_v no_o law_n or_o penalty_n civil_a at_o all_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v free_a from_o law_n and_o i_o do_v not_o know_v who_o they_o be_v which_o he_o say_v demand_v any_o such_o thing_n the_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a people_n and_o also_o all_o child_n of_o belial_n desire_v to_o have_v a_o licence_n not_o only_o to_o do_v good_a but_o evil_a too_o as_o they_o please_v and_o they_o judge_v all_o law_n as_o heavy_a burden_n and_o grievous_a yoke_n if_o he_o mean_v that_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n demand_v the_o benefit_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n do_v aim_n at_o any_o such_o extravagant_a liberty_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o slanderer_n of_o his_o own_o fellow-subject_n and_o a_o enemy_n to_o the_o english_a liberty_n as_o indeed_o he_o be_v and_o that_o through_o a_o erroneous_a notion_n and_o conceit_n of_o absolute_a power_n civil_a the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o nation_n be_v very_o great_a and_o such_o as_o if_o we_o either_o consider_v the_o law_n of_o the_o constitution_n or_o administration_n the_o ordinary_a and_o common_a subject_n of_o other_o nation_n be_v but_o slave_n unto_o they_o our_o freeholders_n have_v the_o choice_n of_o their_o knight_n and_o burgess_n for_o the_o parliament_n so_o that_o neither_o any_o law_n can_v be_v make_v nor_o money_n impose_v upon_o they_o without_o their_o verbal_a consent_n give_v by_o their_o representative_n in_o all_o cause_n civil_a criminal_a capital_a no_o judgement_n can_v pass_v against_o they_o but_o by_o the_o verdict_n of_o a_o jury_n make_v up_o of_o their_o neighbour_n which_o in_o itself_o be_v a_o excellent_a privilege_n the_o civilian_n say_v libertas_n est_fw-la res_fw-la inestimabilis_fw-la and_o to_o be_v redeem_v at_o any_o rate_n much_o more_o the_o english_a liberty_n be_v to_o be_v value_v and_o ever_o be_v by_o our_o ancestor_n who_o obtain_v it_o recover_v it_o keep_v it_o though_o with_o the_o blood_n of_o many_o thousand_o but_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o this_o liberty_n be_v consistent_a with_o the_o sovereign_n power_n his_o opinion_n be_v t._n h._n that_o by_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o sovereign_n power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n be_v neither_o abolish_v nor_o limit_v g._n l._n it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o sovereign_n power_n and_o the_o subject_n liberty_n be_v consistent_a for_o the_o sovereign_n may_v take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o his_o subject_n yet_o according_a to_o the_o evidence_n of_o judgement_n agreeable_a to_o law_n no_o otherwise_o yet_o he_o presuppose_v 1._o that_o the_o king_n be_v supreme_a and_o the_o primary_n subject_n owner_n and_o possessor_n of_o the_o original_a power_n which_o sometime_o may_v be_v yet_o with_o we_o its_o far_o otherwise_o 2._o that_o the_o power_n of_o civil_a sovereign_n be_v absolute_a for_o with_o he_o t._n h._n nothing_o the_o sovereign_n representative_a can_v do_v to_o a_o subject_n on_o what_o pretence_n soever_o can_v proper_o be_v call_v injustice_n or_o injury_n because_o every_o subject_n be_v author_n of_o every_o act_n the_o sovereign_n do_v so_o that_o he_o never_o want_v right_a to_o any_o thing_n otherwise_o then_o as_o he_o himself_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o god_n and_o bind_v thereby_o to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n when_o jephtah_n sacrifice_v his_o daughter_n and_o david_n murder_v uriah_n both_o innocent_a yet_o they_o do_v they_o no_o injustice_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n here_o he_o seem_v to_o contradict_v himself_o for_o he_o grant_v two_o thing_n 1._o that_o the_o sovereign_n be_v subject_n to_o god_n 2._o that_o in_o that_o respect_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n yet_o he_o say_v he_o can_v do_v no_o injustice_n to_o the_o subject_n and_o that_o he_o have_v right_a to_o any_o thing_n yet_o so_o as_o he_o be_v limit_v by_o subjection_n to_o god_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 1._o if_o he_o be_v god_n subject_n as_o certain_o he_o be_v it_o follow_v 1._o that_o in_o that_o respect_n he_o be_v but_o trust_v as_o a_o servant_n with_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o power_n civil_a 2._o that_o he_o be_v fellow-subject_n with_o his_o subject_n 3._o he_o may_v do_v injustice_n as_o one_o fellow_n subject_n may_v wrong_v another_o second_o if_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n then_o 1._o he_o be_v not_o absolute_a or_o solutus_fw-la legibus_fw-la his_o power_n be_v limit_v and_o bound_v by_o these_o law_n 2._o then_o he_o have_v no_o power_n to_o murder_v oppress_v and_o destroy_v his_o innocent_a subject_n who_o be_v more_o god_n than_o he_o and_o only_o trust_v by_o god_n in_o his_o hand_n for_o to_o be_v protect_v right_v in_o all_o just_a cause_n and_o vindicate_v from_o all_o wrong_n 3._o no_o prince_n or_o sovereign_n can_v assume_v or_o any_o people_n give_v to_o any_o person_n or_o person_n any_o the_o least_o power_n above_o or_o contrary_a unto_o the_o
law_n of_o nature_n these_o law_n be_v the_o moral_a precept_n of_o eternal_a justice_n and_o equity_n from_o which_o all_o civil_a law_n have_v their_o rise_n and_o be_v either_o conclusion_n draw_v from_o they_o or_o certain_a rule_n tend_v to_o the_o better_a observation_n of_o they_o which_o thing_n well_o consider_v do_v make_v it_o very_o evident_a how_o little_a the_o power_n of_o civil_a lord_n and_o prince_n must_v needs_o be_v in_o some_o few_o indifferent_a thing_n they_o may_v be_v absolute_a have_v arbitrary_a power_n and_o be_v in_o some_o respect_n above_o those_o constitutive_a law_n which_o they_o themselves_o enact_v his_o instance_n in_o jephtah_n give_v they_o power_n above_o and_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n yet_o who_o will_v grant_v he_o that_o jephtah_n sacrifice_v his_o daughter_n the_o text_n will_v not_o evince_v it_o for_o it_o only_o say_v that_o whatsoever_o come_v forth_o of_o my_o door_n to_o meet_v i_o etc._n etc._n shall_v be_v the_o lord_n or_o i_o will_v offer_v it_o up_o for_o a_o burnt-offering_a judge_n 11.31_o for_o the_o particle_n 〈◊〉_d vaughan_n turn_v by_o some_o copulative_o for_o be_v be_v here_o as_o in_o many_o other_o place_n dis-junctive_a and_o signify_v for_o again_o if_o jephtah_n do_v sacrifice_v she_o he_o sin_v not_o only_o against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o also_o the_o write_a law_n of_o moses_n for_o god_n give_v no_o command_n permission_n or_o toleration_n to_o any_o that_o we_o read_v of_o but_o only_o to_o abraham_n to_o sacrifice_v with_o humane_a blood_n and_o that_o commandment_n be_v but_o to_o try_v he_o for_o he_o will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o put_v he_o to_o death_n beside_o god_n threaten_v ruin_n and_o destruction_n to_o such_o as_o do_v offer_v their_o child_n to_o moloch_n and_o shed_v their_o blood_n and_o their_o sin_n be_v not_o only_o because_o they_o offer_v they_o to_o idol_n and_o devil_n but_o also_o because_o they_o shed_v innocent_a blood_n without_o any_o warrant_n or_o commission_n from_o god_n the_o only_a supreme_a and_o absolute_a lord_n of_o life_n further_o how_o can_v the_o vow_n of_o man_n which_o be_v but_o a_o voluntary_a obligation_n be_v above_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o make_v that_o lawful_a which_o by_o a_o superior_a law_n be_v unlawful_a i_o very_o believe_v she_o be_v devote_v only_o not_o sacrifice_v but_o suppose_v he_o do_v sacrifice_v she_o to_o god_n to_o who_o he_o have_v vow_v she_o yet_o he_o do_v not_o this_o as_o a_o sovereign_n of_o her_o life_n but_o as_o a_o subject_n to_o god_n the_o example_n of_o david_n murder_v vriah_n can_v much_o less_o prove_v the_o absolute_a power_n of_o sovereign_n to_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o their_o innocent_a subject_n for_o david_n have_v no_o such_o power_n for_o 1._o he_o be_v no_o absolute_a prince_n but_o limit_v both_o by_o the_o write_a law_n of_o god_n and_o also_o the_o natural_a 2._o neither_o he_o nor_o any_o other_o can_v have_v any_o such_o power_n because_o man_n can_v god_n do_v not_o give_v any_o such_o power_n 3._o david_n do_v not_o only_a iniquity_n but_o injustice_n to_o vriah_n 1._o as_o his_o fellow-subject_n in_o respect_n of_o god_n 2._o as_o his_o own_o subject_n who_o he_o be_v bind_v as_o innocent_a to_o protect_v not_o to_o destroy_v 4._o his_o proof_n out_o of_o psal_n 51.4_o against_o thou_o only_o be_v invalid_a for_o 1._o though_o it_o be_v so_o translate_v by_o some_o and_o so_o understand_v by_o ambrose_n and_o other_o who_o follow_v he_o yet_o neither_o that_o translation_n nor_o the_o interpretation_n thereon_o can_v be_v evince_v either_o out_o of_o the_o original_a or_o the_o septuagint_n or_o the_o vulgar_a or_o junius_n or_o vatablus_n 2._o genebrard_n vatablus_n junius_n ainsworth_n and_o other_o understand_v it_o that_o god_n only_o be_v privy_a to_o and_o know_v of_o this_o sin_n and_o the_o word_n follow_v and_o do_v this_o evil_n in_o thy_o sight_n seem_v to_o confirm_v this_o sense_n 5._o yet_o suppose_v it_o shall_v be_v turn_v against_o thou_o only_o yet_o other_o interpret_v only_a to_o be_v principal_o as_o supreme_a lawgiver_n and_o judge_n not_o only_o to_o i_o but_o all_o other_o who_o only_o have_v the_o original_a power_n of_o punish_v and_o pardon_v not_o only_o i_o but_o other_o and_o that_o not_o only_o temporal_o but_o spiritual_o and_o eternal_o yet_o the_o exposition_n of_o ambrose_n be_v take_v up_o because_o prince_n desire_v it_o to_o be_v so_o absolute_a and_o both_o divine_n and_o other_o man_n be_v very_o ready_a to_o slatter_v such_o as_o be_v in_o present_a possession_n of_o power_n but_o to_o make_v the_o point_n more_o evident_a let_v i_o digress_v a_o little_a and_o search_v out_o the_o reason_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n as_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o civil_a sovereign_n to_o this_o end_n observe_v that_o no_o man_n have_v absolute_a power_n of_o his_o own_o life_n as_o he_o have_v of_o his_o good_n man_n may_v have_v the_o use_n and_o possession_n but_o not_o the_o propriety_n and_o dominion_n of_o it_o therefore_o it_o be_v grant_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o though_o a_o man_n life_n be_v say_v to_o be_v his_o own_o yet_o he_o may_v not_o be_v felo_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la and_o kill_v himself_o he_o be_v not_o master_n of_o his_o life_n so_o far_o as_o to_o have_v any_o power_n or_o liberty_n to_o do_v any_o such_o thing_n it_o be_v true_a that_o god_n who_o be_v lord_n of_o life_n and_o death_n give_v liberty_n to_o man_n in_o some_o case_n to_o hazard_v in_o some_o he_o command_v to_o lay_v down_o his_o life_n he_o may_v hazard_v it_o in_o a_o just_a war_n and_o defence_n of_o his_o own_o country_n and_o also_o of_o himself_o against_o a_o unjust_a invader_n he_o must_v lay_v down_o his_o life_n and_o god_n command_v it_o for_o the_o testimony_n of_o christ_n in_o which_o case_n he_o that_o lose_v it_o shall_v find_v it_o from_o all_o this_o it_o follow_v that_o no_o people_n can_v by_o make_v a_o sovereign_n give_v any_o absolute_a power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n unto_o he_o for_o nothing_o can_v give_v that_o which_o it_o have_v not_o neither_o can_v they_o make_v themselves_o author_n of_o the_o unjust_a act_n of_o their_o sovereign_n much_o less_o of_o his_o murder_n and_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o their_o innocent_a subject_n id_fw-la enim_fw-la cuique_fw-la potest_fw-la quod_fw-la jure_fw-la potest_fw-la if_o thus_o it_o be_v than_o they_o must_v have_v power_n to_o take_v away_o life_n from_o god_n who_o alone_o have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o this_o power_n he_o only_o give_v in_o case_n the_o subject_n be_v guilty_a of_o such_o crime_n as_o by_o his_o law_n be_v capital_a t._n h._n pag._n 110._o in_o the_o margin_n the_o liberty_n which_o writer_n praise_v be_v the_o liberty_n of_o sovereign_n not_o of_o private_a man_n g._n l._n by_o writer_n he_o mean_v the_o roman_a and_o greek_a historian_n and_o philosopher_n who_o write_v so_o much_o of_o liberty_n among_o the_o rest_n especial_o aristotle_n and_o cicero_n by_o this_o it_o seem_v he_o never_o understand_v these_o author_n though_o he_o accuse_v other_o of_o ignorance_n the_o liberty_n which_o the_o english_a have_v challenge_v and_o obtain_v with_o so_o much_o expense_n of_o blood_n be_v not_o the_o power_n of_o king_n much_o less_o of_o absolute_a sovereign_n as_o he_o will_v make_v the_o world_n believe_v but_o that_o which_o be_v due_a unto_o we_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o state_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o law_n and_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n it_o be_v but_o the_o liberty_n of_o subject_n not_o sovereign_n when_o he_o have_v say_v all_o he_o can_v we_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o be_v slave_n or_o subject_v ourselves_o to_o king_n as_o absolute_a lord_n neither_o be_v we_o willing_a that_o either_o flatter_a divine_n court-parasite_n or_o unjust_a minister_n of_o state_n shall_v wind_v up_o the_o pretend_a prerogative_n so_o high_a as_o to_o subject_v our_o life_n and_o estate_n and_o also_o our_o religion_n to_o the_o arbitrary_a absolute_a and_o unreasonable_a will_n of_o one_o man_n who_o they_o do_v desire_v to_o advance_v so_o much_o for_o their_o own_o interest_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o subject_n liberty_n whereby_o in_o many_o thing_n he_o may_v command_v himself_o and_o supreme_a power_n which_o command_v other_o under_o their_o supremacy_n by_o liberty_n aristotle_n &_o cicero_n mean_v such_o a_o privilege_n as_o every_o subject_n may_v have_v in_o a_o free-state_n not_o that_o sovereignty_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o whole_a and_o universal_a body_n over_o several_a person_n where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n who_o be_v a_o subject_n and_o at_o the_o best_a but_o a_o magistrate_n
the_o eight_o right_o of_o majesty_n he_o do_v affirm_v yet_o he_o distinguish_v of_o the_o sovereign_n demand_n as_o twofold_a either_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o law_n or_o by_o force_n if_o he_o demand_v or_o take_v away_o any_o thing_n by_o power_n or_o pretence_n thereof_o there_o lie_v in_o that_o case_n no_o action_n of_o law_n because_o the_o subject_n be_v make_v author_n of_o the_o sovereign_n act_n and_o therefore_o the_o suit_n against_o he_o be_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n himself_o be_v his_o subject_n if_o this_o answer_n be_v good_a than_o the_o sovereign_n may_v do_v what_o he_o can_v and_o will_v not_o what_o he_o ought_v he_o may_v rule_v according_a to_o his_o strength_n and_o power_n and_o not_o according_a to_o justice_n he_o may_v borrow_v and_o promise_v to_o repay_v take_v away_o and_o engage_v to_o restore_v and_o yet_o do_v no_o such_o thing_n but_o violate_v his_o promise_n and_o engagement_n contrary_a to_o the_o very_a law_n of_o nature_n he_o have_v a_o liberty_n to_o be_v unjust_a and_o wicked_a and_o that_o more_o than_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n as_o he_o have_v great_a power_n i_o leave_v he_o to_o be_v a_o subject_n of_o such_o a_o sovereign_n and_o wish_v all_o good_a man_n a_o better_a the_o true_a reason_n why_o a_o sovereign_n may_v be_v sue_v be_v 1._o because_o in_o the_o institution_n of_o a_o sovereign_n especial_o of_o administration_n the_o subject_n may_v reserve_v the_o propriety_n of_o their_o good_n which_o may_v be_v do_v without_o any_o diminution_n of_o a_o lawful_a supreme_a power_n and_o in_o this_o case_n when_o a_o sovereign_n take_v away_o or_o detain_v that_o which_o be_v his_o subject_n and_o a_o action_n be_v bring_v against_o he_o the_o subject_n be_v not_o his_o subject_n nor_o he_o his_o sovereign_n in_o that_o respect_n both_o of_o they_o in_o this_o particular_a be_v but_o private_a person_n and_o he_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o he_o as_o he_o be_v just_a in_o his_o government_n question_n he_o as_o he_o be_v unjust_a in_o his_o action_n again_o propriety_n belong_v unto_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v above_o civil_a power_n but_o he_o proceed_v t._n h._n if_o a_o monarch_n or_o sovereign_a assembly_n grant_v a_o liberty_n to_o all_o or_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n which_o grant_v stand_v he_o be_v disable_v to_o provide_v for_o their_o safety_n the_o grant_n be_v void_a unless_o he_o direct_o renounce_v or_o transfer_v his_o sovereignty_n to_o another_o g._n l._n by_o this_o we_o easy_o understand_v to_o what_o purpose_n the_o treaty_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n with_o the_o king_n be_v for_o though_o the_o parliament_n have_v vote_v his_o concession_n to_o be_v satisfactory_a in_o some_o respect_n that_o of_o bishop_n and_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o close_v with_o they_o yet_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o this_o man_n and_o all_o that_o party_n adhere_v to_o the_o king_n the_o parliament_n be_v account_v no_o parliament_n the_o king_n a_o absolute_a monarch_n and_o the_o concession_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la void_a and_o for_o this_o reason_n because_o the_o king_n have_v disable_v himself_o by_o grant_v the_o militia_n to_o protect_v his_o subject_n and_o the_o issue_n of_o this_o treaty_n to_o be_v expect_v be_v this_o so_o far_o as_o the_o king_n have_v obtain_v liberty_n and_o opportunity_n he_o will_v declare_v his_o concession_n void_a and_o unreasonable_a and_o so_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o militia_n and_o proceed_v against_o the_o treator_n as_o rebel_n and_o enemy_n for_o so_o they_o be_v account_v yet_o this_o be_v not_o a_o mere_a grant_n of_o liberty_n but_o of_o power_n which_o in_o the_o treaty_n be_v presuppose_v to_o be_v his_o though_o confine_v and_o a_o prisoner_n and_o vanquish_v in_o a_o civil_a war_n but_o if_o we_o will_v speak_v proper_o the_o grant_n of_o liberty_n may_v be_v such_o as_o it_o may_v amount_v to_o a_o exemption_n from_o a_o sufficient_a degree_n of_o subjection_n but_o it_o do_v not_o transfer_v the_o sovereign_a power_n to_o another_o and_o this_o must_v needs_o be_v grant_v that_o to_o pass_v away_o any_o of_o the_o great_a right_n be_v to_o dethrone_v in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o this_o cap._n we_o be_v inform_v when_o the_o obligation_n of_o the_o subject_n to_o the_o sovereign_n do_v cease_v and_o it_o be_v then_o when_o his_o power_n to_o protect_v do_v cease_v and_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n for_o it_o for_o whatsoever_o his_o title_n may_v be_v and_o how_o unjust_o soever_o it_o may_v be_v take_v away_o and_o howsoever_o his_o subject_n may_v stand_v well_o affect_v towards_o he_o yet_o see_v there_o can_v be_v no_o protection_n from_o wrong_n within_o nor_o from_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n without_o nor_o administration_n of_o justice_n without_o which_o any_o people_n return_v unto_o the_o confusion_n of_o anarchy_n except_o there_o be_v actual_a possession_n of_o power_n therefore_o obligation_n for_o the_o present_n must_v cease_v or_o at_o least_o be_v suspend_v there_o be_v many_o way_n whereby_o a_o sovereign_n may_v cease_v to_o be_v a_o sovereign_n as_o by_o conquest_n death_n resignation_n session_n etc._n etc._n and_o when_o the_o sovereign_n cease_v to_o be_v such_o the_o obligation_n must_v needs_o determine_v as_o to_o such_o a_o particular_a governor_n and_o here_o i_o may_v take_v occasion_n to_o treat_v of_o subalternate_a government_n and_o fiduciary_a prince_n who_o be_v sovereign_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o subject_n yet_o acknowledge_v a_o superior_a from_o who_o they_o hold_v their_o territory_n but_o see_v he_o be_v silent_a i_o will_v be_v so_o too_o cap._n vi_o of_o the_o second_o part_n and_o the_o two_o and_o twenty_o of_o the_o book_n of_o system_n subject_a political_a and_o private_a i_o pass_v by_o his_o division_n and_o subdivision_n of_o system_n as_o be_v well_o know_v to_o such_o as_o be_v acquaint_v either_o with_o politic_n or_o civil_a law_n for_o the_o subject_n of_o jurisprudentia_fw-la civilis_fw-la be_v communio_fw-la or_o communitas_fw-la hominum_fw-la wherein_o the_o lawyer_n out_o of_o their_o institution_n observe_v person_n thing_n and_o action_n both_o private_a and_o public_a that_o they_o may_v the_o better_o find_v out_o the_o several_a right_n determine_v by_o law_n they_o distinguish_v personam_fw-la in_o singularem_fw-la &_o conjunctam_fw-la persona_fw-la conjuncta_fw-la consist_v of_o several_a person_n distinct_a physical_o yet_o make_v one_o by_o consent_n and_o association_n political_o and_o these_o system_n and_o society_n may_v be_v consider_v as_o part_n of_o the_o community_n which_o be_v the_o immediate_a subject_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o a_o civil_a government_n some_o of_o these_o be_v natural_a as_o a_o family_n some_o be_v voluntary_a and_o by_o institution_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n once_o constitute_v all_o these_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o their_o action_n be_v so_o far_o warrantable_a as_o they_o derive_v their_o power_n from_o the_o sovereign_n and_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n some_o of_o these_o be_v make_v by_o division_n co-ordination_a and_o subordination_n as_o province_n county_n hundred_o allotment_n town-ship_n parish_n some_o of_o they_o be_v ecclesiastical_a some_o civil_a some_o be_v make_v by_o charter_n and_o patent_n and_o have_v their_o special_a privilege_n and_o immunnity_n and_o have_v their_o statute_n and_o power_n to_o make_v order_n and_o by-law_n within_o themselves_o and_o some_o have_v jurisdiction_n within_o their_o liberty_n some_o be_v more_o noble_a as_o college_n and_o university_n and_o school_n and_o all_o such_o as_o be_v nursery_n of_o law_n and_o learning_n some_o less_o noble_a as_o corporation_n with_o their_o several_a company_n and_o officer_n the_o end_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o these_o be_v either_o for_o the_o better_a and_o more_o easy_a government_n of_o the_o whole_a community_n or_o for_o the_o better_a education_n of_o the_o subject_n in_o learning_n or_o trade_n or_o for_o the_o maintenance_n or_o enrich_v or_o adorn_v of_o the_o state_n and_o it_o concern_v the_o supreme_a governor_n of_o a_o state_n to_o have_v a_o special_a care_n of_o these_o society_n to_o order_n regulate_v and_o reform_v they_o as_o they_o shall_v see_v occasion_n or_o need_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n do_v much_o depend_v upon_o the_o regulation_n and_o wise_a order_n of_o they_o cap._n vii_o of_o the_o second_o part._n of_o the_o book_n 23._o of_o the_o public_a minister_n of_o the_o sovereign_a power_n my_o intention_n in_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o author_n be_v to_o manifest_v 1._o that_o where_o he_o have_v do_v ill_o none_o have_v do_v worse_o and_o 2._o where_o he_o have_v do_v well_o many_o before_o he_o have_v do_v better_a this_o latter_a be_v my_o work_n in_o this_o part_n of_o his_o book_n as_o also_o in_o other_o passage_n of_o his_o discourse_n the_o subject_n of_o this_o
obligativa_fw-la 4._o not_o content_a to_o give_v the_o definition_n he_o explain_v what_o be_v right_a and_o that_o be_v that_o which_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o wrong_v and_o its_o that_o which_o be_v contrary_a but_o what_o he_o mean_v by_o rule_n be_v hard_o to_o know_v if_o he_o mean_v by_o rule_n law_n itself_o than_o its_o absurd_a if_o he_o intend_v some_o antecedent_n rule_v of_o divine_a wisdom_n manifest_v what_o be_v just_a or_o unjust_a before_o a_o civil_a power_n command_v it_o he_o be_v obscure_a though_o he_o undervalue_v the_o philosopher_n so_o much_o as_o far_o below_o he_o though_o he_o be_v far_o above_o he_o he_o may_v with_o marsulis_fw-la of_o milan_n in_o his_o defensor_fw-la pacis_fw-la pars_fw-la 1._o cap._n 10._o have_v observe_v out_o of_o he_o a_o better_a definition_n of_o a_o law_n give_v ethn._n ad_fw-la nicho._n lib._n 10._o cap._n 9_o lex_fw-la est_fw-la sententia_fw-la doctrina_fw-la seu_fw-la judicium_fw-la universale_fw-la justorum_fw-la &_o conferentium_fw-la civilium_fw-la &_o suorum_fw-la oppositorum_fw-la cum_fw-la praecepto_fw-la coactivo_fw-la per_fw-la poenam_fw-la aut_fw-la praemium_fw-la de_fw-la ejus_fw-la observatione_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la saeculo_fw-la destribuenda_fw-la more_o brief_o it_o be_v a_o coactive_a precept_n of_o the_o sovereign_n bind_v the_o subject_n to_o obedience_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o to_o be_v reward_v or_o upon_o disobedience_n to_o be_v punish_v in_o this_o life_n where_o many_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o the_o matter_n of_o this_o law_n be_v something_o in_o itself_o just_a and_o conduce_v to_o the_o public_a good_a yet_o so_o that_o it_o reach_v to_o the_o contrary_n 2._o this_o must_v be_v know_v and_o judge_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o wisdom_n and_o understanding_n of_o the_o sovereign_n for_o all_o law_n arr_o make_v by_o wisdom_n political_n 3._o this_o judgement_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n must_v be_v make_v know_v unto_o the_o subject_n therefore_o the_o philosopher_n say_v its_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o word_n and_o he_o mean_v not_o only_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o word_n not_o only_o inward_o conceive_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o aristotle_n say_v but_o it_o must_v be_v utter_v and_o make_v know_v as_o the_o ten_o commandment_n be_v call_v the_o ten_o word_n therefore_o it_o be_v say_v exodus_fw-la 20._o god_n speak_v all_o these_o word_n 4._o it_o must_v be_v praeceptum_fw-la which_o include_v the_o will_n of_o the_o sovereign_n intend_v to_o bind_v the_o subject_n and_o so_o declare_v himself_o 5._o it_o must_v be_v a_o universal_a precept_n bind_v the_o whole_a community_n of_o the_o subject_n 6._o it_o must_v be_v a_o coactive_a precept_n and_o back_v with_o the_o sword_n for_o to_o make_v the_o obligation_n effectual_a in_o this_o respect_n the_o philosopher_n say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o law_n must_v have_v a_o coactive_a force_n and_o the_o apostle_n say_v he_o bear_v not_o the_o sword_n in_o vain_a which_o word_n imply_v the_o lawgiver_n must_v have_v a_o sword_n 7._o this_o sword_n protect_v and_o reward_v the_o obedient_a who_o observe_v this_o law_n according_a to_o their_o obligation_n and_o it_o punish_v the_o disobedient_a and_o for_o these_o two_o end_n the_o law_n must_v be_v co-active_a and_o arm_v with_o a_o sword_n 8._o these_o reward_n and_o punishment_n be_v to_o be_v confer_v and_o inflict_v in_o this_o life_n for_o it_o can_v reach_v the_o soul_n and_o the_o life_n to_o come_v and_o this_o do_v difference_n the_o civil_a law_n of_o man_n from_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o bound_v man_n to_o obedience_n upon_o the_o promise_n of_o spiritual_a and_o eternal_a reward_n and_o for_o defect_n of_o obedience_n unto_o eternal_a and_o spiritual_a penalty_n this_o have_v far_o more_o of_o the_o definition_n of_o a_o law_n than_o he_o and_o more_o full_o declare_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o law_n civil_a yet_o if_o either_o he_o or_o any_o other_o will_v improve_v it_o i_o shall_v like_v it_o well_o for_o i_o know_v my_o own_o imperfection_n from_o his_o definition_n he_o infer_v several_a conclusion_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v t._n h._n the_o legislator_n in_o all_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o sovereign_n again_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v the_o legislator_n by_o the_o representative_a g._n l._n that_o pars_fw-la imperans_fw-la be_v the_o legislator_n in_o every_o state_n must_v needs_o be_v grant_v but_o that_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v be_v the_o legislator_n either_o by_o or_o without_o pars_fw-la imperans_fw-la the_o sovereign_a i_o do_v not_o understand_v for_o it_o consist_v of_o two_o part_n the_o sovereign_n and_o the_o subject_n and_o if_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n make_v law_n than_o the_o subject_n as_o well_o as_o the_o sovereign_n be_v legislator_n in_o a_o republic_n or_o free-state_n there_o be_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o sovereign_n and_o the_o subject_n much_o more_o in_o other_o model_n and_o form_n therefore_o he_o must_v needs_o speak_v either_o improper_o or_o untrue_o when_o he_o say_v the_o state_n be_v legislator_n t._n h._n conclusion_n 2._o the_o sovereign_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n because_o he_o have_v power_n to_o make_v and_o repeal_v they_o at_o pleasure_n g._n l._n that_o the_o sovereign_n in_o divers_a respect_n and_o especial_o as_o a_o sovereign_n be_v not_o subject_a unto_o but_o above_o the_o law_n be_v a_o certain_a truth_n for_o law_n do_v bind_v the_o subject_n not_o the_o sovereign_n to_o obey_v or_o be_v punish_v but_o the_o sovereign_n do_v command_v as_o superior_a not_o obey_v as_o inferior_a do_v punish_v be_v not_o punish_v the_o power_n to_o make_v a_o law_n when_o there_o be_v none_o and_o to_o repeal_v after_o that_o it_o be_v make_v be_v sufficient_a evidence_n of_o his_o superiority_n as_o also_o dispensation_n in_o judgement_n and_o pardon_n be_v yet_o this_o supreme_a will_n legislative_a over_o man_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o superior_a will_n of_o god_n and_o must_v neither_o make_v nor_o repeal_v law_n but_o according_a to_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n t._n h._n conclusion_n 3._o custom_n be_v not_o law_n by_o long_a continuance_n of_o time_n but_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o sovereign_n g._n l._n this_o follow_v from_o the_o first_o conclusion_n for_o if_o the_o sovereign_n only_o be_v the_o legislator_n than_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o practice_v of_o the_o people_n though_o universal_a can_v make_v a_o law_n the_o sovereign_n must_v give_v either_o a_o express_a or_o tacit_n consent_n and_o this_o consent_n be_v then_o most_o evident_a when_o he_o make_v the_o custom_n a_o rule_n in_o judgement_n and_o observe_v it_o and_o the_o civilian_n well_o observe_v that_o beside_o continuance_n of_o time_n and_o the_o sovereign_n consent_n a_o three_o thing_n be_v require_v and_o that_o be_v that_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o be_v reasonable_a as_o the_o author_n here_o do_v note_n t._n h._n conclusion_n 4._o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o civil_a law_n contain_v each_o other_o and_o be_v of_o equal_a extent_n for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o consist_v in_o equity_n justice_n gratitude_n and_o other_o moral_a virtue_n on_o these_o depend_v in_o the_o condition_n of_o mere_a nature_n be_v not_o proper_o law_n but_o quality_n that_o dispose_v man_n to_o peace_n and_o obedience_n when_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v once_o actual_o settle_v then_o be_v they_o law_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n 1._o this_o be_v no_o conclusion_n from_o the_o definition_n except_o he_o mean_v that_o the_o rule_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n 2._o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o not_o of_o man_n and_o not_o only_a subject_n but_o sovereign_n be_v bind_v by_o they_o 3._o therefore_o they_o bound_v not_o as_o command_v by_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n but_o as_o write_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o heaven_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n neither_o be_v that_o which_o afterward_o he_o make_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o law_n of_o civil_a governor_n any_o difference_n at_o all_o that_o the_o one_o be_v write_v the_o other_o not_o for_o both_o be_v write_v one_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o man_n though_o every_o civil_a law_n be_v not_o write_v and_o the_o other_o by_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n the_o one_o in_o the_o heart_n the_o other_o upon_o some_o other_o material_a substance_n and_o that_o which_o be_v write_v in_o the_o heart_n may_v be_v write_v out_o of_o it_o 4._o equity_n justice_n gratitude_n and_o other_o moral_a virtue_n be_v not_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o either_o habitual_a or_o actual_a conformity_n unto_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 5._o how_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o law_n civil_a shall_v be_v of_o equal_a extent_n and_o yet_o contain_v one_o
always_o do_v and_o ever_o will_v manifest_v the_o testimony_n and_o doctrine_n of_o the_o gospel_n to_o be_v divine_a and_o that_o be_v the_o holy-ghost_n who_o by_o his_o powerful_a work_n upon_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n serious_o attend_v to_o this_o truth_n whereby_o a_o great_a change_n both_o inward_o in_o their_o heart_n and_o outward_o in_o their_o life_n be_v wrought_v do_v mighty_o confirm_v it_o and_o those_o who_o find_v and_o feel_v in_o themselves_o the_o effect_n of_o sanctification_n and_o heavenly_a comfort_n can_v no_o way_n doubt_v but_o be_v assure_v that_o god_n be_v in_o the_o prophet_n and_o apostle_n and_o do_v speak_v by_o they_o beside_o when_o we_o consider_v 1._o that_o the_o more_o we_o understand_v they_o the_o more_o excellency_n of_o wisdom_n we_o find_v in_o they_o 2._o that_o these_o positives_n be_v agreeable_a and_o no_o way_n contrary_a to_o pure_a moral_n 3._o that_o they_o conduce_v effectual_o to_o holiness_n and_o eternal_a life_n 4._o that_o they_o be_v approve_v receive_v by_o the_o best_a man_n in_o the_o world_n and_o seal_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o many_o martyr_n we_o must_v needs_o be_v full_o satisfy_v that_o they_o be_v not_o false_a feign_a fantastic_a conceit_n of_o delude_a man_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o all_o these_o thing_n may_v persuade_v any_o rational_a man_n to_o try_v upon_o practice_n whether_o they_o be_v divine_a or_o no._n and_o this_o never_o any_o do_v but_o find_v the_o apostle_n doctrine_n to_o be_v of_o god_n if_o we_o have_v nothing_o but_o the_o universal_a and_o perpetual_a agreement_n and_o tradition_n of_o the_o church_n of_o all_o place_n and_o time_n affirm_v the_o scripture_n to_o be_v the_o word_n of_o god_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v in_o a_o rational_a man_n a_o great_a measure_n of_o belief_n than_o any_o book_n or_o history_n in_o the_o world_n can_v possible_o require_v or_o deserve_v for_o this_o universal_a testimony_n of_o the_o best_a in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o world_n at_o such_o a_o distance_n as_o that_o they_o in_o their_o time_n neither_o hear_v of_o nor_o know_v one_o another_o make_v it_o more_o credible_a than_o any_o humane_a history_n can_v be_v but_o to_o return_v unto_o mr._n hobbs_n i_o say_v its_o possible_a and_o not_o impossible_a to_o know_v the_o divinity_n of_o the_o testimony_n or_o declaration_n immediate_o but_o not_o of_o the_o revelation_n or_o matter_n reveal_v yet_o that_o such_o a_o revelation_n and_o such_o a_o thing_n reveal_v there_o be_v be_v know_v in_o some_o measure_n by_o consequence_n and_o the_o divine_a authority_n of_o this_o testimony_n may_v be_v infallible_o know_v and_o that_o by_o natural_a reason_n yet_o by_o it_o as_o elevate_v and_o more_o perfect_v by_o outward_a representation_n and_o inward_a sanctification_n and_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o revelation_n to_o another_o together_o with_o the_o manner_n may_v be_v believe_v though_o not_o know_v for_o when_o we_o once_o know_v that_o god_n have_v reveal_v it_o we_o believe_v the_o thing_n reveal_v to_o be_v true_a though_o by_o artificial_a and_o intrinsical_a argument_n we_o can_v prove_v it_o to_o be_v so_o for_o the_o testimony_n of_o god_n may_v be_v evident_a though_o the_o thing_n testify_v be_v hide_a and_o above_o our_o reason_n the_o conclusion_n be_v that_o we_o may_v have_v a_o infallible_a knowledge_n of_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n so_o far_o as_o to_o know_v that_o they_o be_v from_o he_o and_o be_v his_o law_n and_o that_o without_o particular_a revelation_n that_o they_o be_v reveal_v to_o another_o t._n h._n if_o the_o divine_a positive_a law_n be_v not_o against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o he_o undertake_v to_o obey_v it_o he_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o own_o act_n to_o obey_v it_o but_o not_o bind_v to_o believe_v it_o for_o man_n belief_n and_o interior_a cogitation_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o the_o command_n but_o only_o to_o the_o operation_n of_o god_n ordinary_a or_o extraordinary_a faith_n of_o supernatural_a law_n be_v not_o a_o fulfil_n but_o only_o a_o assent_v to_o the_o same_o it_o be_v not_o a_o duty_n but_o a_o gift_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n his_o second_o question_n be_v how_o a_o man_n can_v be_v bind_v to_o obey_v supernatural_a positive_a law_n whereof_o he_o have_v no_o particular_a revelation_n that_o they_o be_v reveal_v to_o other_o declare_v they_o to_o this_o he_o answer_v 1._o it_o must_v not_o be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o its_o true_a that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o this_o be_v a_o good_a rule_n for_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n be_v not_o contrary_a to_o his_o pure_a moral_a law_n which_o have_v a_o intrinsical_a rectitude_n in_o they_o 2._o he_o further_o add_v that_o if_o he_o undertake_v to_o obey_v a_o supernatural_a positive_a law_n of_o god_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v it_o but_o not_o believe_v it_o this_o be_v very_o obscure_a and_o very_o absurd_a for_o 1._o to_o undertake_v to_o obey_v it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o promise_n to_o obey_v it_o and_o this_o be_v a_o voluntary_a obligation_n whereby_o a_o man_n may_v bind_v himself_o to_o obey_v it_o as_o a_o divine_a law_n or_o as_o no_o law_n or_o if_o as_o a_o law_n yet_o not_o as_o a_o law_n of_o god_n and_o then_o he_o do_v not_o obey_v as_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v 3._o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o obey_v it_o as_o a_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n and_o not_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v a_o law_n of_o god_n for_o if_o he_o neither_o know_v nor_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v a_o law_n of_o god_n he_o can_v obey_v it_o as_o a_o law_n of_o god_n his_o obedience_n be_v no_o obedience_n unto_o god_n 4._o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v that_o faith_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o god_n command_n it_o be_v not_o a_o duty_n it_o be_v a_o gift_n this_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o gross_a error_n for_o though_o the_o active_a power_n whereby_o a_o man_n be_v enable_v to_o believe_v a_o divine_a positive_a truth_n be_v the_o gift_n of_o god_n yet_o the_o exercise_n of_o this_o power_n and_o the_o act_n thereof_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n other_o wise_a positive_a unbelief_n of_o a_o supernatural_a divine_a positive_a law_n sufficient_o declare_v and_o propose_v can_v be_v no_o sin_n it_o be_v true_a that_o some_o affirm_v that_o the_o first_o and_o natural_a act_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o any_o law_n yet_o these_o do_v grant_v that_o all_o practical_a operation_n and_o such_o assent_n unto_o divine_a truth_n be_v be_v subject_a unto_o law_n that_o faith_n be_v a_o duty_n be_v apparent_a because_o god_n command_v it_o approve_v it_o reward_v it_o and_o reprove_v and_o punish_v unbelief_n that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o understand_v the_o drift_n of_o this_o author_n in_o this_o discourse_n he_o produce_v the_o example_n of_o abraham_n and_o moses_n declare_v positive_a law_n of_o god_n upon_o revelation_n make_v of_o they_o which_o the_o posterity_n of_o abraham_n be_v to_o obey_v upon_o their_o declaration_n and_o thence_o conclude_v t._n h._n that_o it_o be_v manifest_a and_o sufficient_o appear_v that_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n a_o subject_n who_o have_v no_o certain_a and_o assure_a revelation_n particular_o unto_o himself_o concern_v the_o will_n of_o god_n be_v to_o obey_v for_o such_o the_o command_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n g._n l._n but_o 1._o it_o be_v former_o make_v manifest_a that_o neither_o abraham_n nor_o moses_n be_v sovereign_n much_o less_o commonwealth_n 2._o a_o sovereign_n civil_a may_v declare_v something_o to_o be_v a_o law_n of_o god_n and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n and_o declare_v against_o a_o law_n and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v and_o many_o time_n it_o so_o fall_v out_o to_o be_v a_o law_n of_o god_n and_o in_o neither_o of_o these_o case_n be_v the_o subject_n bind_v to_o obey_v his_o sovereign_n 3._o if_o that_o which_o be_v declare_v for_o a_o positive_a law_n divine_a be_v sufficient_o attest_v especial_o by_o miracle_n and_o gift_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n by_o undoubted_a history_n and_o universal_a tradition_n the_o matter_n be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n tend_v to_o practice_v of_o piety_n be_v practise_v be_v conduce_v to_o a_o high_a degree_n of_o holiness_n and_o justice_n and_o by_o experience_n constant_o find_v to_o be_v accompany_v with_o rare_a and_o excellent_a effect_n tend_v to_o man_n inward_a and_o real_a happiness_n it_o be_v to_o be_v believe_v and_o obey_v as_o a_o divine_a law_n though_o all_o the_o sovereign_n in_o the_o world_n declare_v against_o it_o if_o a_o subject_n do_v accept_v the_o religion_n establish_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o his_o country_n he_o be_v free_a from_o
the_o guilty_a he_o may_v just_o suffer_v some_o be_v one_o person_n with_o the_o guilty_a by_o nature_n as_o child_n with_o parent_n some_o by_o consent_n as_o surety_n with_o the_o principal_a guilty_a of_o nonpayment_n or_o by_o law_n civil_a as_o the_o subject_n with_o the_o sovereign_n 6._o the_o just_a execution_n of_o judgement_n be_v a_o mean_n to_o avert_v god_n wrath_n to_o protect_v the_o just_a to_o preserve_v the_o state_n and_o procure_v god_n mercy_n reward_n be_v contrary_a to_o punishment_n and_o be_v due_a to_o such_o as_o be_v loyal_a and_o obedient_a subject_n do_v well_o these_o either_o be_v ordinary_a and_o general_a as_o protection_n of_o life_n liberty_n estate_n or_o extraordinary_a and_o more_o special_a and_o such_o as_o enrich_v or_o advance_v or_o give_v privilege_n immunity_n and_o exemption_n and_o these_o latter_a shall_v never_o be_v dispose_v of_o but_o according_a to_o desert_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o will_v encourage_v the_o subject_n and_o breed_v gallant_a man_n thus_o far_o his_o constitution_n of_o the_o leviathan_n the_o great_a monstrous_a animal_n have_v be_v examine_v and_o view_v and_o be_v find_v to_o consist_v of_o a_o absolute_a power_n and_o absolute_a slavery_n the_o head_n be_v a_o absolute_a sovereign_n the_o body_n and_o member_n absolute_a slave_n cap._n xiii_o of_o the_o second_o part._n and_o the_o twenty_o nine_o of_o the_o book_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o weaken_v and_o tend_v to_o the_o dissolution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n all_o body_n politic_a be_v true_o mortal_a as_o the_o author_n say_v though_o not_o so_o mortal_a as_o the_o individual_a person_n whereof_o they_o be_v constitute_v be_v for_o by_o reason_n of_o succession_n of_o these_o singular_a and_o several_a person_n they_o be_v of_o long_a continuance_n and_o therefore_o say_v to_o be_v immortal_a the_o proper_a meaning_n whereof_o be_v that_o they_o be_v not_o so_o mortal_a many_o state_n be_v constitute_v by_o degree_n not_o in_o a_o moment_n or_o any_o short_a time_n and_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n they_o decay_n by_o little_a and_o little_a until_o they_o utter_o vanish_v in_o a_o total_a dissolution_n and_o though_o both_o constitution_n and_o dissolution_n seem_v sometime_o to_o be_v fortuitous_a yet_o they_o be_v not_o so_o for_o its_o god_n who_o in_o his_o mercy_n plant_n and_o build_v and_o in_o his_o just_a judgement_n pluck_v up_o and_o pull_v down_o this_o be_v the_o place_n assign_v by_o author_n to_o the_o head_n of_o politic_n which_o deliver_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o alteration_n corruption_n and_o subversion_n of_o state_n alteration_n of_o the_o form_n of_o government_n be_v sometime_o for_o the_o better_a and_o so_o they_o be_v a_o blessing_n sometime_o for_o the_o worse_o and_o so_o they_o be_v the_o same_o with_o corruption_n corruption_n be_v from_o man_n subversion_n from_o god_n as_o the_o supreme_a and_o universal_a judge_n corruption_n go_v before_o subversion_n follow_v and_o this_o corruption_n be_v from_o the_o sin_n and_o crime_n of_o the_o governor_n or_o govern_v or_o both_o the_o crime_n of_o governor_n be_v either_o personal_a or_o political_n personal_n be_v many_o time_n the_o same_o with_o the_o offence_n of_o the_o people_n sin_n of_o they_o as_o man_n political_n be_v such_o as_o make_v they_o guilty_a as_o they_o be_v governor_n as_o ignorance_n imprudence_n negligence_n in_o justice_n political_n and_o these_o not_o only_o in_o assume_v and_o acquire_v power_n but_o in_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o same_o the_o sin_n of_o the_o people_n as_o subject_n be_v impatiency_n when_o they_o will_v not_o endure_v the_o severity_n of_o just_a governor_n good_a law_n and_o impartial_a judgement_n a_o desire_n of_o innovation_n and_o alteration_n of_o government_n without_o just_a and_o necessary_a cause_n open_a rebellion_n secret_a treachery_n and_o conspiracy_n sedition_n and_o such_o like_a the_o sin_n of_o both_o which_o be_v personal_a be_v impiety_n against_o god_n injustice_n and_o unmercifulness_n towards_o man_n the_o abuse_n of_o peace_n and_o plenty_n to_o bravery_n drunkenness_n gluttony_n lewdness_n and_o such_o like_a vice_n and_o when_o in_o these_o they_o become_v impudent_a incorrigible_a and_o universal_o delinquent_a their_o ruin_n be_v fatal_a and_o unavoidable_a the_o harvest_n be_v ripe_a and_o the_o sickle_n of_o god_n vengeance_n will_v cut_v they_o off_o the_o apostle_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o roman_n cap._n 13._o give_v a_o perfect_a model_n of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o last_a state_n 1._o the_o high_a power_n must_v so_o ascend_v the_o throne_n as_o that_o it_o may_v be_v true_o say_v they_o be_v ordain_v of_o god_n and_o advance_v not_o only_o and_o mere_o by_o his_o permission_n but_o commission_n and_o command_n 2._o they_o must_v have_v a_o sword_n and_o a_o sufficient_a coactive_a power_n 3._o they_o must_v use_v the_o same_o according_a to_o just_a judgement_n and_o wholesome_a law_n for_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o good_a and_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o bad_a 4._o the_o people_n must_v be_v subject_a not_o only_o out_o of_o fear_n but_o conscience_n 5._o they_o must_v obey_v their_o good_a and_o wholesome_a law_n 6._o they_o must_v give_v they_o such_o allowance_n as_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v and_o make_v good_a their_o just_a power_n 7._o they_o must_v love_v one_o another_o 8._o they_o must_v not_o live_v in_o riot_v and_o drunkenness_n chamber_v and_o wantonness_n nor_o in_o strife_n and_o envy_v in_o a_o word_n they_o must_v be_v sober_a in_o themselves_o just_a towards_o man_n devout_a towards_o god_n but_o when_o prince_n priest_n and_o people_n refuse_v to_o follow_v these_o law_n they_o draw_v god_n judgement_n from_o heaven_n upon_o the_o commonwealth_n idle_n filthy_a and_o abominable_a sodom_n must_v be_v destroy_v gold-thirsty_a and_o bloodthirsty_a babylon_n can_v stand_v idolatrous_a and_o apostate_n israel_n and_o judah_n must_v be_v waste_v with_o sword_n famine_n pestilence_n their_o country_n make_v desolate_a and_o the_o remnant_n carry_v captive_n and_o disperse_v in_o remote_a part_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o enemy_n but_o let_v we_o examine_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o weaken_n and_o dissolution_n of_o state_n determine_v by_o the_o author_n t._n h._n the_o 1_o be_v when_o a_o man_n to_o obtain_v a_o kingdom_n be_v content_a sometime_o with_o a_o less_o power_n then_o to_o the_o peace_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v necessary_o require_v g._n l._n this_o may_v prove_v to_o be_v a_o cause_n yet_o very_o rare_o prince_n and_o monarch_n for_o of_o they_o he_o speak_v offend_v usual_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n if_o they_o can_v they_o will_v assume_v and_o challenge_v far_o more_o power_n then_o either_o god_n will_v or_o man_n can_v give_v they_o for_o they_o desire_v to_o be_v absolute_a lord_n few_o of_o they_o be_v of_o brave_a theopompus_n his_o mind_n who_o willing_o make_v his_o power_n less_o that_o it_o may_v be_v more_o last_a to_o be_v duke_n of_o venice_n can_v in_o no_o wise_n satisfy_v their_o vast_a ambitious_a desire_n the_o lacedemiun_n ephori_fw-la be_v terrible_a to_o they_o the_o justitia_fw-la arragoniae_fw-la can_v be_v endure_v legislative_a and_o judicial_a parliament_n do_v too_o much_o restrain_v and_o limit_v their_o power_n 〈◊〉_d with_o they_o its_o treason_n to_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v any_o lawful_a mean_n to_o reduce_v they_o into_o order_n when_o they_o apparent_o transgress_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o people_n indeed_o must_v be_v keep_v in_o awe_n and_o order_n and_o this_o can_v be_v without_o power_n but_o what_o be_v here_o understand_v by_o power_n it_o be_v not_o potestas_fw-la but_o potentia_fw-la strength_n and_o force_n which_o may_v be_v great_a in_o a_o leviathan_n yet_o without_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n can_v never_o long_o keep_v the_o people_n in_o subjection_n his_o example_n of_o the_o roman_a and_o athenian_a free-state_n be_v not_o full_o apply_v neither_o do_v the_o apply_v come_v home_o unto_o the_o point_n rome_n be_v strong_a enough_o to_o subdue_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n before_o she_o become_v imperial_a and_o athens_n in_o that_o law_n concern_v salamis_n have_v power_n enough_o but_o want_v wisdom_n and_o therefore_o be_v reform_v by_o the_o wise_a folly_n of_o solon_n that_o which_o be_v here_o speak_v of_o the_o power_n of_o king_n be_v not_o to_o derogate_v the_o least_o from_o that_o power_n which_o be_v due_a unto_o they_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o state_n wherein_o they_o reign_v some_o have_v more_o some_o have_v less_o yet_o none_o shall_v have_v less_o than_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o full_a discharge_n of_o their_o place_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v every_o one_o of_o they_o will_v keep_v the_o bound_n determine_v by_o god_n and_o the_o constitution_n t_o h._n
be_v their_o due_n and_o lest_o they_o shall_v lose_v any_o of_o they_o he_o renew_v his_o catalogue_n of_o they_o again_o these_o must_v be_v teach_v the_o people_n that_o they_o may_v know_v themselves_o to_o be_v absolute_a slave_n and_o prince_n must_v take_v heed_n of_o tranfer_v any_o of_o their_o sovereign_a right_n unto_o another_o but_o this_o be_v needless_a for_o they_o have_v a_o desire_n of_o power_n before_o they_o do_v obtain_v it_o and_o after_o they_o be_v once_o possess_v of_o it_o they_o not_o only_o keep_v that_o which_o be_v due_a but_o also_o usurp_v far_o more_o than_o either_o god_n or_o man_n have_v give_v they_o king_n who_o be_v but_o trust_v with_o a_o limit_a power_n endeavour_v to_o make_v themselves_o absolute_a lord_n and_o despotical_a sovereign_n must_v be_v petty_a deity_n the_o best_a prince_n have_v always_o a_o great_a care_n to_o exercise_v their_o power_n well_o then_o to_o enlarge_v it_o and_o by_o their_o wisdom_n and_o justice_n have_v govern_v more_o happy_o than_o any_o of_o these_o absolute_a sovereign_n who_o desire_n rather_o to_o be_v great_a then_o good_a and_o themselves_o more_o honourable_a than_o the_o people_n happy_a the_o error_n of_o this_o author_n vent_v in_o this_o part_n as_o that_o sovereign_a power_n civil_a be_v absolute_a a_o civil_a law_n against_o rebellion_n be_v no_o obligation_n a_o good_a law_n be_v not_o a_o just_a law_n because_o no_o law_n can_v be_v unjust_a all_o his_o rule_n of_o government_n may_v be_v prove_v out_o of_o scripture_n and_o other_o such_o like_a i_o will_v not_o here_o examine_v because_o some_o of_o they_o be_v ridiculous_a some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v former_o answer_v and_o his_o proof_n of_o these_o in_o his_o next_o part_n shall_v be_v discuss_v cap._n xv._o of_o the_o 2._o part_n the_o 31._o of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n by_o nature_n this_o chapter_n be_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o second_o part_n the_o leviathan_n and_o make_v way_n for_o the_o three_o follow_v the_o principal_a subject_n hereof_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o distinct_a to_o law_n supernatural_a for_o he_o true_o and_o wise_o make_v god_n the_o king_n and_o lawgiver_n both_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n by_o nature_n and_o above_o nature_n that_o god_n be_v the_o universal_a king_n by_o nature_n he_o seem_v to_o prove_v out_o of_o the_o scripture_n t._n h._n god_n be_v king_n let_v the_o earth_n rejoice_v say_v the_o psalmist_n psal_n 96.1_o and_o again_o god_n be_v king_n though_o the_o nation_n be_v angry_a and_o he_o that_o sit_v upon_o the_o cherubin_n though_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v psal_n 98.1_o whether_o man_n will_v or_o not_o they_o must_v be_v subject_a always_o to_o the_o divine_a power_n g._n l._n in_o the_o allegation_n of_o these_o two_o place_n he_o seem_v to_o follow_v the_o vulgar_a latin_a and_o the_o septuagint_n both_o for_o the_o number_n of_o the_o psalm_n and_o the_o translation_n for_o with_o we_o they_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o first_o verse_n of_o the_o 97._o and_o 99_o psalm_n and_o be_v turn_v in_o another_o manner_n the_o translation_n though_o seem_o different_a may_v agree_v in_o the_o substance_n and_o it_o be_v agree_v on_o all_o hand_n that_o the_o psalmist_n speak_v of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n yet_o see_v there_o be_v a_o kingdom_n of_o god_n as_o creator_n and_o a_o kingdom_n of_o god_n as_o redeemer_n it_o may_v be_v a_o question_n whether_o his_o kingdom_n in_o general_n be_v here_o mean_v or_o one_o of_o the_o former_a particular_a kingdom_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a divine_n for_o the_o most_o part_n understand_v both_o the_o psalm_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o christ_n and_o which_o be_v more_o the_o apostle_n heb._n 1.6_o so_o expound_v the_o former_a psalm_n which_o agree_v with_o psal_n 2._o which_o speak_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n and_o undoubted_o intend_v the_o kingdom_n of_o christ_n the_o kingdom_n and_o government_n of_o god_n be_v most_o proper_o so_o call_v in_o respect_n of_o angel_n and_o man_n as_o only_o capable_a of_o law_n punishment_n and_o reward_n no_o rational_a man_n will_v deny_v yet_o he_o by_o his_o wisdom_n do_v direct_a and_o order_v all_o creature_n t._n h._n god_n declare_v his_o law_n three_o way_n by_o natural_a reason_n revelation_n and_o prophecy_n from_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o natural_a and_o prophetic_a word_n of_o god_n there_o may_v be_v attribute_v to_o god_n a_o twofold_a kingdom_n natural_a and_o prophetic_a etc._n etc._n g._n l._n in_o the_o rest_n of_o this_o chapter_n we_o may_v observe_v three_o thing_n 1._o the_o manner_n how_o god_n declare_v his_o law_n 2._o the_o distinction_n of_o his_o kingdom_n 3._o the_o ground_n of_o his_o dominion_n 1._o god_n do_v manifest_v himself_o both_o to_o angel_n and_o man_n two_o way_n by_o his_o work_n and_o his_o word_n by_o his_o work_n in_o the_o creation_n and_o providence_n by_o his_o word_n immediate_o by_o revelation_n mediate_o by_o 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policy_n be_v institute_v for_o the_o second_o the_o polity_n spiritual_a of_o the_o church_n the_o declaration_n of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n kingdom_n by_o nature_n be_v universal_o always_o declare_v even_o to_o all_o nation_n the_o law_n of_o his_o supernatural_a kingdom_n be_v reveal_v universal_o at_o the_o first_o in_o the_o time_n of_o adam_n and_o after_o in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n but_o after_o a_o general_a apostasy_n israel_n be_v trust_v with_o the_o oracle_n of_o life_n until_o the_o exhibition_n of_o the_o messiah_n and_o after_o his_o resurrection_n the_o apostle_n receive_v a_o commission_n to_o teach_v all_o nation_n and_o make_v these_o law_n know_v more_o general_o so_o that_o this_o author_n do_v bewray_v his_o ignorance_n in_o divinity_n and_o pretend_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o scripture_n he_o little_o understand_v they_o and_o much_o abuse_v those_o heavenly_a write_n for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n by_o prophecy_n be_v in_o all_o time_n and_o confine_v in_o a_o more_o special_a manner_n for_o a_o time_n unto_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n for_o a_o special_a reason_n and_o at_o the_o first_o election_n of_o they_o after_o their_o deliverance_n from_o the_o egyptial_a bondage_n he_o immediate_o institute_v not_o only_o their_o spiritual_a but_o their_o civil_a government_n in_o which_o respect_n their_o civil_a government_n may_v be_v call_v in_o a_o peculiar_a manner_n the_o kingdom_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o god_n and_o so_o the_o government_n of_o no_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n can_v be_v account_v t._n h._n the_o right_a of_o god_n sovereignty_n be_v not_o derive_v from_o creation_n but_o from_o his_o irresistible_a power_n g._n l._n this_o be_v his_o great_a ignorance_n to_o think_v that_o god_n sovereignty_n shall_v be_v derive_v from_o the_o executive_a power_n of_o force_n and_o strength_n of_o his_o godhead_n for_o dominion_n in_o general_n be_v twofold_a possessionis_fw-la ant_n regiminis_fw-la of_o possession_n or_o government_n that_o of_o possession_n we_o call_v propriety_n in_o which_o respect_n god_n be_v absolute_a lord_n of_o all_o his_o creature_n because_o he_o creat_v and_o preserve_v they_o so_o that_o their_o very_a be_v be_v more_o his_o then_o they_o but_o his_o sovereign_a power_n over_o man_n arise_v not_o only_o from_o propriety_n in_o general_n but_o from_o god_n propriety_n in_o he_o as_o a_o rational_a intellectual_a creature_n ordinable_a to_o a_o high_a end_n than_o the_o inanimate_a and_o irrational_a creature_n be_v capable_a of_o for_o god_n create_v and_o preserve_v he_o a_o rational_a creature_n and_o both_o as_o a_o creature_n and_o as_o rational_a he_o be_v whole_o he_o as_o he_o be_v rational_a he_o be_v capable_a of_o law_n reward_n punishment_n and_o have_v a_o power_n to_o become_v god_n subject_n by_o voluntary_a submission_n and_o donation_n of_o himself_o and_o also_o
that_o though_o no_o reason_n can_v prove_v yet_o no_o reason_n can_v contradict_v just_o because_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o they_o contrary_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o pure_a reason_n they_o be_v propose_v unto_o we_o with_o such_o credit_n and_o urge_v upon_o we_o as_o matter_n of_o great_a concernment_n in_o the_o world_n in_o so_o much_o that_o he_o can_v be_v rational_a that_o shall_v refuse_v either_o to_o give_v assent_n unto_o they_o or_o make_v trial_n of_o they_o with_o the_o sincere_a heart_n which_o once_o do_v he_o shall_v find_v by_o real_a effect_n in_o the_o heart_n not_o only_o that_o god_n do_v reveal_v they_o as_o he_o believe_v before_o by_o a_o acquire_v faith_n but_o have_v a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n that_o they_o be_v god_n testimony_n because_o he_o who_o speak_v by_o the_o scripture_n and_o the_o minister_n have_v speak_v to_o he_o immediate_o by_o his_o spirit_n work_v in_o his_o heart_n and_o then_o reason_n be_v satisfy_v and_o convince_v that_o god_n have_v speak_v and_o thereupon_o cease_v to_o deny_v and_o oppose_v and_o yield_v a_o firm_a assent_n and_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n whereof_o 〈◊〉_d have_v former_o speak_v if_o we_o will_v but_o consider_v what_o kind_n of_o man_n have_v question_v or_o oppose_v the_o divinity_n of_o the_o scripture_n we_o shall_v find_v it_o in_o that_o very_a thing_n to_o be_v much_o honour_a 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o reason_n why_o man_n do_v not_o believe_v they_o be_v not_o only_o the_o imperfection_n but_o the_o corruption_n of_o reason_n and_o man_n will_n for_o most_o man_n love_v darkness_n rather_o than_o the_o light_n and_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o cross_n of_o christ_n as_o it_o declare_v a_o deep_a design_n of_o god_n eternal_a wisdom_n so_o it_o be_v direct_o contrary_a to_o our_o false_a notion_n and_o base_a lust_n and_o this_o be_v a_o plain_a reason_n why_o a_o acquire_v faith_n can_v be_v sufficient_a to_o save_v any_o man_n without_o the_o powerful_a sanctification_n of_o the_o spirit_n both_o to_o prepare_v the_o heart_n and_o work_v a_o divine_a faith_n which_o can_v never_o take_v kind_o in_o a_o heart_n that_o be_v not_o prepare_v these_o scripture_n he_o pretend_v to_o make_v the_o rule_n of_o his_o ensue_a discourse_n yet_o it_o be_v but_o a_o bare_a pretence_n for_o he_o follow_v his_o own_o fancy_n and_o false_a notion_n not_o the_o sense_n and_o genuine_a mind_n of_o god_n in_o they_o he_o do_v not_o re_z far_o say_v far_o sensum_fw-la as_o grave_a hilary_n say_v he_o do_v not_o conform_v his_o notion_n to_o the_o scripture_n but_o wrest_v it_o and_o make_v it_o to_o speak_v that_o which_o god_n never_o intend_v cap_n 2._o of_o the_o three_o part_n the_o 33._o of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o number_n antiquity_n scope_n authority_n and_o interpreter_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n see_v he_o have_v make_v the_o scripture_n to_o be_v his_o rule_n he_o think_v good_a to_o say_v something_o of_o the_o scripture_n in_o general_n and_o 1._o of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o book_n and_o see_v herein_o he_o follow_v the_o church_n of_o england_n which_o follow_v the_o ancient_a canon_n i_o agree_v with_o with_o he_o in_o this_o as_o i_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a neither_o will_v i_o debate_v with_o he_o in_o the_o second_o point_n of_o antiquity_n it_o be_v the_o most_o ancient_a writing_n in_o the_o world_n and_o the_o doctrine_n more_o ancient_a than_o the_o writing_n and_o its_o remarkable_a that_o though_o it_o contain_v the_o history_n of_o 4000_o year_n yet_o it_o be_v write_v within_o the_o space_n of_o 2000_o 2._o that_o all_o the_o writer_n of_o it_o if_o luke_n be_v not_o except_v be_v of_o the_o seed_n of_o abraham_n by_o jacob_n and_o of_o no_o other_o nation_n all_o of_o they_o according_a to_o the_o flesh_n kinsman_n to_o our_o saviour_n christ_n 3._o that_o the_o prophetical_a part_n reach_v the_o end_n as_o the_o historical_a do_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o world_n and_o this_o no_o other_o book_n in_o the_o world_n do_v 4._o that_o neither_o jew_n nor_o mahometans_n have_v any_o thing_n good_a just_a and_o rational_a but_o that_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o these_o book_n and_o retain_v by_o they_o 5._o that_o these_o scripture_n be_v find_v translate_v into_o the_o language_n of_o the_o most_o if_o not_o all_o civil_a nation_n of_o the_o world_n the_o scope_n of_o these_o writing_n be_v to_o direct_v sinful_a man_n unto_o eternal_a life_n and_o because_o this_o eternal_a life_n be_v virtual_o in_o god_n and_o issue_n from_o he_o as_o the_o fountain_n and_o author_n thereof_o therefore_o in_o the_o same_o be_v reveal_v the_o eternal_a infinite_a glorious_a perfection_n of_o god_n in_o himself_o and_o also_o his_o glorious_a work_n of_o creation_n and_o preservation_n his_o supreme_a and_o universal_a dominion_n his_o law_n and_o judgement_n and_o special_a government_n of_o man_n and_o because_o man_n as_o sinful_a and_o guilty_a be_v no_o way_n capable_a of_o eternal_a life_n in_o strict_a justice_n therefore_o the_o scripture_n direct_v he_o to_o god_n as_o redeemer_n in_o jesus_n christ_n that_o by_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o redemption_n he_o may_v be_v for_o ever_o bless_v christ_n our_o lord_n redeemer_n be_v the_o principal_a subject_n of_o that_o book_n of_o book_n for_o moses_n and_o all_o the_o prophet_n speak_v of_o he_o as_o well_o as_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n though_o not_o so_o clear_o and_o the_o doctrine_n of_o his_o law_n take_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o revelation_n though_o many_o other_o thing_n be_v therein_o declare_v yet_o in_o reference_n unto_o the_o principal_a subject_n and_o end_n in_o a_o word_n the_o end_n of_o the_o scripture_n be_v to_o teach_v we_o to_o believe_v and_o obey_v god_n the_o father_n son_n and_o holy_a ghost_n create_v redeem_v and_o sanctify_v we_o if_o it_o speak_v of_o civil_a kingdom_n law_n and_o judgement_n it_o be_v upon_o the_o by_o with_o reference_n to_o the_o eternal_a spiritual_a kingdom_n of_o god_n redeemer_n and_o sanctifier_n this_o end_n and_o scope_n be_v both_o obscure_o and_o confuse_o declare_v by_o the_o author_n as_o will_n more_o appear_v hereafter_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o scripture_n be_v divine_a and_o so_o perfect_a that_o it_o can_v be_v improve_v or_o impair_v by_o all_o the_o law_n of_o all_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n of_o the_o world_n neither_o can_v the_o angel_n in_o heaven_n add_v any_o degree_n of_o authority_n unto_o it_o but_o if_o any_o of_o they_o shall_v as_o they_o can_v contradict_v it_o they_o be_v by_o the_o divine_a apostle_n declare_v to_o be_v accurse_v that_o any_o person_n or_o person_n do_v not_o apprehend_v it_o to_o be_v divine_a that_o be_v accidental_a and_o can_v prejudice_v it_o therefore_o how_o vain_a and_o false_a be_v that_o of_o mr._n hobbs_n when_o he_o give_v the_o supreme_a power_n of_o make_v it_o to_o be_v law_n and_o interpret_n the_o same_o so_o make_v unto_o the_o civil_a soveraignss_n there_o be_v a_o twofold_a law_n the_o one_o be_v divine_a and_o bind_v the_o conscience_n immediate_o the_o other_o be_v humane_a and_o civil_a and_o can_v bind_v the_o conscience_n but_o per_fw-la accidens_fw-la the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o scripture_n not_o only_o in_o moral_n but_o in_o positives_n be_v divine_a and_o the_o precept_n thereof_o as_o be_v the_o precept_n of_o god_n do_v bind_v the_o conscience_n immediate_o the_o law_n of_o civil_a sovereign_n may_v bind_v their_o subject_n upon_o peril_n of_o civil_a and_o temporal_a punishment_n to_o receive_v they_o as_o authentic_a but_o law_n they_o be_v and_o bind_v to_o obedience_n and_o belief_n though_o there_o be_v no_o civil_a government_n in_o the_o world_n the_o state_n and_o church_n may_v declare_v they_o to_o be_v divine_a but_o no_o way_n make_v they_o to_o be_v such_o and_o as_o our_o saviour_n say_v of_o his_o doctrine_n so_o its_o true_a of_o all_o the_o scripture_n that_o if_o any_o man_n will_v do_v the_o will_n of_o god_n declare_v therein_o he_o shall_v know_v it_o to_o be_v of_o god_n it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o the_o imperfection_n of_o our_o understanding_n or_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v understand_v as_o our_o disobedience_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n why_o we_o do_v not_o see_v the_o divinity_n of_o these_o bless_a book_n these_o thing_n be_v so_o how_o absurd_o and_o false_o have_v he_o state_v the_o question_n concern_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o scripture_n so_o as_o to_o make_v it_o depend_v either_o upon_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n in_o his_o territory_n or_o upon_o the_o pope_n for_o thus_o he_o write_v the_o question_n of_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o scripture_n be_v reduce_v to_o this_o whether_o christian_a king_n and_o the_o sovereign_a assembly_n in_o christian_a
do_v add_v nothing_o to_o god_n power_n which_o before_o be_v absolute_a and_o as_o high_a as_o can_v be_v yet_o it_o do_v increase_v their_o obligation_n that_o which_o he_o afterward_o affirm_v that_o he_o find_v the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n to_o signify_v in_o most_o place_n of_o scripture_n a_o kingdom_n proper_o so_o name_v constitute_v by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n in_o a_o peculiar_a manner_n be_v very_o false_a for_o 1._o that_o kingdom_n of_o israel_n be_v not_o constitute_v by_o the_o vote_n of_o the_o people_n 2._o suppose_v it_o have_v be_v so_o constitute_v and_o the_o word_n kingdom_n of_o god_n use_v in_o many_o place_n of_o scripture_n to_o signify_v that_o government_n yet_o in_o the_o most_o place_n its_o never_o find_v so_o take_v neither_o can_v any_o man_n find_v it_o most_o frequent_o take_v in_o that_o sense_n for_o this_o be_v remarkable_a that_o it_o hardly_o ever_o so_o signify_v in_o the_o new_a testament_n where_o we_o have_v the_o most_o frequent_a mention_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n signify_v the_o spiritual_a not_o any_o temporal_a kingdom_n of_o god_n redeemer_n by_o christ_n t._n h._n from_o the_o creation_n beside_o his_o natural_a reign_n over_o all_o he_o have_v peculiar_a subject_n who_o he_o command_v by_o a_o voyoc_n etc._n etc._n this_o kingdom_n be_v continue_v in_o noah_n family_n after_o this_o god_n make_v a_o covenant_n with_o abraham_n and_o for_o memorial_n ordain_v the_o sacrament_n of_o circumcision_n and_o this_o be_v call_v the_o old_a covenant_n or_o testament_n etc._n etc._n this_o covenant_n be_v afterward_o renew_v by_o moses_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n the_o kingdom_n spiritual_a be_v twofold_a the_o first_o by_o the_o power_n and_o law_n of_o creation_n require_v perfect_a obedience_n without_o promise_n of_o any_o pardon_n or_o redeemer_n to_o expiate_v sin_n if_o man_n make_v holy_a shall_v transgress_v but_o this_o government_n last_v not_o long_o because_o adam_n do_v violate_v it_o and_o so_o the_o second_o kingdom_n and_o government_n of_o god_n redeemer_n by_o promise_n succeed_v this_o continue_v from_o adam_n to_o noah_n and_o be_v renew_v to_o abraham_n with_o the_o addition_n of_o the_o solemn_a rite_n of_o circumcision_n and_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n it_o be_v continue_v from_o moses_n to_o the_o exhibition_n of_o the_o messiah_n yet_o with_o a_o especial_a appropriation_n of_o it_o to_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n all_o this_o be_v clear_a out_o of_o scripture_n and_o receive_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o orthodox_n christian_n and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n observe_v 1._o that_o he_o make_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o kingdom_n of_o strict_a justice_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o creation_n and_o of_o that_o of_o mercy_n in_o christ_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o redemption_n 2._o that_o with_o he_o the_o covenant_n and_o promise_n to_o abraham_n be_v the_o old_a covenant_n whereas_o the_o apostle_n rom._n 4._o and_o galat._n 3_o affirm_v the_o contrary_a and_o make_v the_o promise_n 430_o year_n before_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n to_o be_v altogether_o different_a from_o the_o law_n 3._o that_o the_o old_a covenant_n be_v that_o between_o god_n and_o israel_n at_o mount_n sinai_n and_o the_o new_a be_v the_o gospel_n as_o may_v appear_v heb._n 8._o from_o vers_n 6._o unto_o the_o end_n 4._o this_o new_a covenant_n of_o the_o gospel_n be_v promise_v 430_o year_n before_o the_o law_n and_o the_o law_n can_v not_o make_v the_o promise_n of_o none_o effect_n for_o it_o continue_v in_o force_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v annex_v unto_o it_o for_o certain_a end_n till_o the_o son_n of_o god_n shall_v be_v incarnate_a 5._o this_o kingdom_n be_v distinct_a from_o god_n special_a government_n over_o israel_n and_o judah_n which_o be_v subordinate_a unto_o it_o till_o the_o word_n shall_v be_v make_v flesh_n and_o assume_v humane_a nature_n from_o the_o house_n of_o david_n therefore_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o discourse_n of_o god_n kingdom_n over_o the_o jew_n be_v confuse_v false_a and_o bewray_v either_o his_o great_a ignorance_n or_o negligence_n or_o wickedness_n but_o he_o begin_v to_o act_v the_o critic_n and_o sit_v as_o judge_v to_o pass_v sentence_n upon_o the_o translation_n of_o those_o word_n of_o scripture_n exod._n 19.5_o 6._o thou_o shall_v be_v a_o peculiar_a treasure_n above_o all_o people_n and_o a_o kingdom_n of_o priest_n for_o so_o the_o hebrew_n express_v the_o privilege_n of_o this_o people_n but_o he_o curious_o distinguish_v between_o a_o peculiar_a treasure_n above_o all_o people_n and_o a_o peculiar_a people_n yet_o these_o in_o sense_n be_v the_o same_o and_o also_o between_o a_o sacerdotal_a kingdom_n and_o a_o kingdom_n of_o priest_n or_o royal_a priesthood_n yet_o these_o do_v not_o differ_v and_o whereas_o the_o word_n be_v a_o promise_n of_o god_n engage_v himself_o upon_o condition_n they_o will_v obey_v he_o he_o make_v they_o a_o promise_n of_o the_o people_n give_v their_o consent_n that_o god_n shall_v be_v the_o lord_n and_o sovereign_n but_o to_o who_o be_v this_o promise_n make_v only_o unto_o the_o priest_n or_o to_o the_o prince_n no_o such_o matter_n but_o to_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o every_o several_a person_n that_o shall_v keep_v the_o covenant_n and_o obey_v god_n and_o this_o promise_n do_v include_v the_o covenant_n make_v with_o abraham_n concern_v christ_n by_o faith_n in_o who_o to_o come_v this_o promise_n be_v fulfil_v to_o the_o saint_n of_o old_a and_o by_o faith_n in_o he_o already_o come_v not_o only_o to_o the_o believe_a jew_n but_o gentile_n it_o be_v make_v good_a and_o so_o that_o place_n of_o 1_o pet._n 2.9_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v which_o text_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v of_o king_n and_o civil_a magistrate_n but_o all_o christian_n true_o such_o indeed_o for_o christ_n by_o one_o offering_n have_v perfect_v or_o consecrate_v the_o sanctify_a for_o ever_o heb._n 10.14_o and_o wash_v we_o in_o his_o blood_n have_v make_v we_o king_n and_o priest_n to_o god_n his_o father_n rev._n 1.5_o 6._o from_o that_o one_o place_n of_o exod._n 19.5_o 6._o misinterpret_v by_o two_o other_o one_o of_o paul_n to_o titus_n 2.14_o the_o other_o of_o 1_o pet._n 2.9_o and_o all_o mis-applyed_n he_o conclude_v that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n be_v a_o civil_a government_n over_o the_o israelite_n wherein_o god_n be_v king_n and_o the_o high_a priest_n after_o moses_n his_o death_n be_v his_o sole_a viceroy_n or_o lieutenant_n after_o all_o this_o do_v in_o this_o manner_n he_o endeavour_v to_o make_v his_o opinion_n good_a from_o two_o place_n historical_a three_o prophetical_a out_o of_o the_o old_a testament_n and_o two_o other_o out_o of_o the_o new_a testament_n the_o two_o first_o be_v proper_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o special_a government_n of_o god_n over_o israel_n the_o three_o prophetical_a place_n be_v mean_v of_o the_o spiritual_a kingdom_n of_o christ_n and_o so_o be_v the_o two_o last_o which_o be_v most_o palpable_o abuse_v for_o the_o first_o of_o they_o relate_v the_o angel_n word_n unto_o the_o bless_a virgin_n signify_v that_o her_o son_n jesus_n christ_n shall_v sit_v on_o the_o throne_n of_o david_n and_o shall_v reign_v over_o the_o house_n of_o jacob_n for_o ever_o and_o of_o his_o kingdom_n there_o shall_v be_v no_o end_n luke_n 1.32_o 33._o which_o be_v mean_v direct_o of_o his_o spiritual_a heavenly_a and_o eternal_a kingdom_n whereof_o the_o kingdom_n of_o david_n be_v a_o type_n for_o christ_n never_o reign_v as_o a_o temporal_a king_n over_o israel_n according_a to_o the_o flesh_n the_o second_o place_n be_v matth._n 6.10_o where_o our_o saviour_n among_o other_o thing_n direct_v his_o disciple_n to_o pray_v thy_o kingdom_n come_v by_o which_o kingdom_n be_v mean_v the_o reign_n of_o christ_n incarnate_a and_o exalt_v at_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o god_n which_o be_v then_o to_o come_v but_o now_o have_v continue_v 1600_o year_n and_o upward_a and_o yet_o all_o christian_n pray_v for_o the_o continuance_n increase_n and_o especial_o the_o consummation_n of_o the_o same_o when_o death_n the_o last_o enemy_n shall_v be_v destroy_v and_o god_n shall_v be_v all_o in_o all_o and_o reign_v most_o perfect_o without_o any_o enemy_n without_o any_o opposition_n yet_o such_o be_v his_o intolerable_a boldness_n that_o from_o these_o place_n thus_o abuse_v he_o confident_o conclude_v that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n be_v a_o civil_a government_n manage_v by_o the_o christian_a civil_a sovereign_n of_o the_o world_n that_o holy_a be_v the_o same_o with_o public_a per_fw-la accidens_fw-la sometime_o be_v true_a but_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v holy_a be_v not_o public_a nor_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v public_a holy_a therefore_o his_o