book_n have_v by_o variety_n of_o proof_n so_o sufficient_o make_v it_o good_a already_o but_o yet_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o set_n down_o what_o some_o of_o our_o own_o countryman_n have_v in_o their_o writing_n acknowledge_v to_o the_o very_a same_o purpose_n and_o those_o especial_o among_o the_o rest_n who_o interest_n and_o high_a valuation_n which_o they_o pass_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n will_v not_o permit_v they_o to_o ascribe_v more_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n than_o the_o just_a truth_n will_v bear_v and_o it_o be_v most_o observable_a what_o king_n james_n himself_o the_o learnede_a of_o all_o modern_a prince_n say_v here_o in_o a_o speech_n make_v to_o no_o less_o solemn_a assembly_n than_o his_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o parliament_n 1609._o parliament_n 21._o martii_fw-la 1609._o which_o we_o have_v extant_a among_o his_o print_a work_n as_o a_o king_n say_v he_o i_o have_v least_o cause_n of_o any_o man_n to_o dislike_v the_o common-law_n for_o no_o law_n can_v be_v more_o favourable_a and_o advantageous_a for_o a_o king_n and_o extend_v further_o his_o prerogative_n than_o it_o do_v and_o for_o a_o king_n of_o england_n to_o despise_v the_o the_o common-law_n it_o be_v to_o neglect_v his_o own_o crown_n yet_o say_v he_o i_o do_v great_o esteem_v the_o civil_a law_n the_o profession_n thereof_o serve_v more_o for_o general_a learning_n and_o be_v most_o necessary_a for_o matter_n of_o treaty_n with_o all_o foreign_a nation_n and_o i_o think_v that_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v away_o it_o will_v make_v a_o entry_n to_o barbarism_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o will_v blemish_v the_o honour_n of_o england_n for_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n lex_fw-la gentium_fw-la and_o maintain_v intercourse_n with_o all_o foreign_a nation_n but_o i_o only_o allow_v it_o to_o have_v course_n here_o according_a to_o those_o limit_n of_o jurisdiction_n which_o the_o common-law_n itself_o do_v allow_v it_o and_o therefore_o though_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o the_o general_a government_n of_o the_o people_n here_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v it_o shall_v be_v extinct_a no_o more_o then_o because_o the_o latin_a tongue_n be_v not_o the_o mother_n or_o radical_a language_n of_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n at_o this_o time_n that_o therefore_o the_o english_a tongue_n shall_v only_o now_o be_v learn_v in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v to_o bring_v in_o barbarism_n and_o in_o another_o speech_n in_o star-chamber_n 1616._o star-chamber_n 20_o jun._n 1616._o print_v also_o god_n forbid_v say_v he_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n intend_v thereby_o chief_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v be_v bar_v in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o that_o for_o two_o cause_n one_o because_o it_o be_v a_o law_n to_o satisfy_v stranger_n which_o will_v not_o hold_v themselves_o so_o well_o satisfy_v with_o other_o municipal_a law_n another_o to_o satisfy_v our_o own_o subject_n in_o matter_n of_o piracy_n marriage_n will_n and_o thing_n of_o like_a nature_n and_o again_o when_o he_o be_v so_o mighty_o press_v to_o have_v have_v a_o union_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n under_o the_o same_o policy_n of_o law_n as_o they_o have_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o king_n in_o a_o speech_n make_v upon_o that_o subject_n 1607._o subject_n ult._n mart._n 1607._o extant_a in_o his_o print_a work_n he_o tell_v his_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n that_o in_o point_n of_o conjunction_n of_o nation_n the_o civil_a law_n ought_v to_o bear_v a_o great_a sway_n it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n these_o be_v the_o expression_n of_o a_o king_n the_o interest_n of_o who_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n and_o the_o prerogative_n thereunto_o belong_v do_v depend_v upon_o the_o favour_n of_o another_o law_n and_o yet_o he_o positive_o and_o in_o downright_a term_n in_o the_o face_n of_o all_o his_o people_n avow_v the_o civil_a law_n to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o that_o all_o transaction_n of_o treaty_n and_o of_o trade_n with_o foreign_a nation_n be_v dispatch_v by_o the_o rule_n and_o reason_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o authority_n thereof_o be_v so_o great_a in_o the_o esteem_n of_o stranger_n that_o they_o will_v rest_v satisfy_v therewith_o when_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v satisfy_v they_o but_o in_o that_o he_o aver_v also_o that_o when_o the_o people_n of_o england_n shall_v exterminate_v that_o law_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v when_o the_o practice_n thereof_o be_v quite_o take_v away_o or_o thrust_v into_o a_o poor_a narrow_a compass_n their_o honour_n will_v be_v obscure_v and_o they_o will_v be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v overrun_v with_o barbarism_n it_o be_v never_o so_o well_o worth_a the_o observe_n as_o at_o this_o present_a time_n and_o it_o clear_o show_v that_o wise_a and_o learned_a king_n do_v perfect_o understand_v the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o as_o the_o language_n thereof_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o maintain_v learning_n which_o do_v civilize_v &_o soften_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n so_o there_o be_v no_o sort_n of_o learning_n with_o the_o which_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o do_v not_o correspond_v and_o participate_v but_o above_o all_o it_o do_v afford_v more_o and_o better_a rule_n for_o civil_a live_n and_o orderly_a conversation_n among_o man_n and_o for_o righteous_a deal_n each_o with_o other_o than_o any_o other_o study_n or_o learning_n whatsoever_o but_o this_o practice_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v yet_o better_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o those_o who_o study_v and_o profess_v the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v be_v always_o jealous_a of_o the_o rise_n and_o growth_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o this_o nation_n for_o though_o they_o have_v desire_v to_o keep_v it_o low_o here_o for_o what_o reason_n i_o need_v not_o mention_v yet_o some_o of_o they_o have_v free_o enough_o own_v how_o much_o it_o be_v in_o use_n and_o practice_v in_o other_o country_n sir_n francis_n bacon_n in_o his_o epistle_n dedicatory_a to_o the_o queen_n set_v before_o his_o maxim_n of_o law_n after_o he_o have_v tell_v the_o queen_n that_o justinian_n the_o emperor_n do_v glorious_o and_o yet_o apt_o call_v the_o body_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n proprium_fw-la &_o sanctissimum_fw-la templum_fw-la justitiae_fw-la consecratum_fw-la a_o true_a and_o a_o most_o sacred_a temple_n consecrate_v unto_o justice_n he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o work_n of_o great_a excellency_n indeed_o as_o may_v well_o appear_v in_o that_o france_n italy_n and_o spain_n who_o have_v long_o since_o shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v yet_o nevertheless_o continue_v to_o use_v the_o policy_n of_o that_o law_n my_o lord_n ellesmere_n chancellor_n of_o england_n as_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n be_v in_o his_o speech_n of_o the_o postnati_n do_v express_o deliver_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o most_o universal_a and_o general_a law_n in_o the_o world_n sir_n john_n fortescue_n himself_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o afterward_o lord_n chancellor_n in_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_n day_n in_o his_o book_n wherein_o he_o do_v so_o high_o magnify_v and_o commend_v the_o law_n england_n above_o the_o civil_a law_n yet_o he_o can_v say_v 9_o say_v de_fw-fr laud._n legum_fw-la angliae_fw-la ca._n 9_o that_o civiles_fw-la supra_fw-la humanas_fw-la cunctas_fw-la leges_fw-la alius_fw-la fama_fw-la per_fw-la orbem_fw-la extollit_fw-la gloriosa_fw-la the_o civil_a law_n throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v advance_v in_o glory_n and_o renown_n above_o all_o other_o man_n law_n fulbeck_n also_o another_o of_o the_o same_o profession_n and_o of_o great_a learning_n do_v agree_v with_o the_o former_a in_o these_o word_n reader_n word_n in_o his_o parallel_n part_n 1._o epistle_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o roman_a law_n say_v he_o in_o the_o time_n of_o arcadius_n theodosius_n and_o justinian_n recover_v their_o strength_n and_o shine_v to_o all_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o europe_n as_o the_o sun_n to_o all_o the_o climate_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v for_o their_o worthiness_n and_o necessary_a use_n and_o employment_n receive_v entertainment_n countenance_n and_o great_a reward_n of_o emperor_n king_n and_o prince_n likewise_o mr_n sâ—lden_n a_o graduate_n in_o the_o common-law_n but_o a_o great_a student_n in_o all_o learning_n and_o one_o that_o seem_v to_o have_v search_v narrow_o into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o it_o have_v stand_v in_o use_n and_o request_n in_o other_o country_n as_o well_o as_o in_o england_n in_o all_o time_n in_o his_o additional_a discourse_n upon_o fleta_n whole_o spend_v upon_o that_o subject_n own_v the_o entertainment_n and_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o western_a country_n of_o europe_n that_o have_v leave_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o roman_a empire_n long_o before_o for_o in_o that_o discourse_n 4._o discourse_n ca._n
come_v to_o be_v overthrow_v this_o shall_v not_o prejudice_v the_o legatary_n for_o they_o shall_v notwithstanding_o this_o judgement_n thus_o by_o fraud_n obtain_v be_v hear_v to_o maintain_v and_o set_v up_o this_o will_v again_o appellat_fw-la again_o lib._n 14._o dig._n de_fw-fr appellat_fw-la and_o as_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v prejudice_v so_o none_o shall_v reap_v any_o advantage_n by_o the_o fraudulent_a practice_n of_o another_o neither_o though_o he_o be_v no_o party_n nor_o actor_n in_o the_o fraud_n himself_o alterius_fw-la circumventio_fw-la alii_fw-la non_fw-la praebet_fw-la actionem_fw-la jur_fw-fr actionem_fw-la lib._n 49._o dig._n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la jur_fw-fr one_o mans-fraud_n shall_v not_o create_v in_o another_o any_o right_a to_o sue_v the_o civil_a law_n can_v as_o little_a endure_v that_o the_o true_a sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o a_o law_n shall_v be_v destroy_v by_o a_o fraudulent_a interpretation_n that_o keep_v the_o word_n but_o pervert_v the_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v in_o fraudem_fw-la legis_fw-la facit_fw-la qui_fw-la salvis_fw-la verbis_fw-la legis_fw-la sententiam_fw-la ejus_fw-la circumvenit_fw-la fraus_fw-la legis_fw-la fit_a ubi_fw-la quod_fw-la fieri_fw-la noluit_fw-la fieri_fw-la autem_fw-la non_fw-la vetuit_fw-la id_fw-la fit_n legib_n fit_n lib._n 29.30_o dig._n the_o legib_n he_o deal_v deceitful_o with_o the_o law_n that_o transgress_v the_o true_a intent_n of_o it_o though_o he_o do_v not_o trespass_n against_o the_o formal_a and_o precise_a word_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o law_n forbid_v a_o man_n to_o settle_v any_o more_o upon_o his_o bastard_n than_o what_o will_v bare_o keep_v he_o alive_a it_o will_v not_o permit_v he_o to_o settle_v any_o superfluous_a estate_n upon_o any_o other_o person_n for_o that_o bastard_n use_n or_o the_o bastard_n to_o receive_v any_o such_o estate_n from_o his_o parent_n by_o another_o hand_n cum_fw-la quid_fw-la una_fw-la via_fw-la prohibetur_fw-la alicui_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la alia_fw-la via_fw-la non_fw-la debet_fw-la admitti_fw-la that_o 6._o that_o reg._n 84._o de_fw-la reg_fw-la jur_fw-fr in_o 6._o which_o can_v lawful_o be_v do_v one_o way_n or_o direct_o must_v not_o be_v do_v indirect_o or_o by_o another_o in_o like_a manner_n as_o nothing_o be_v more_o precious_a among_o man_n than_o life_n property_n good_a name_n liberty_n and_o the_o right_n of_o contract_n in_o the_o which_o the_o whole_a civil_a interest_n and_o welfare_n of_o all_o people_n may_v be_v right_o say_v to_o be_v comprise_v so_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o provide_v in_o a_o general_a way_n for_o they_o neither_o for_o it_o do_v not_o suffice_v to_o declare_v by_o a_o law_n that_o neither_o the_o life_n property_n nor_o liberty_n of_o any_o subject_a shall_v be_v take_v away_o but_o by_o course_n of_o law_n and_o a_o lawful_a trial_n first_o have_v nor_o to_o forbid_v calumny_n and_o slander_n nor_o to_o command_v that_o the_o contract_n and_o agreement_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v mutual_o observe_v but_o a_o special_a and_o most_o vigilant_a care_n be_v to_o be_v have_v also_o that_o all_o proceed_n of_o justice_n when_o a_o suit_n be_v bring_v concern_v any_o of_o they_o be_v answerable_a to_o those_o great_a interest_n and_o that_o nothing_o be_v admit_v which_o can_v any_o way_n though_o oblique_o or_o afar_o off_o infringe_v or_o overthrow_v any_o of_o they_o whereof_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v so_o tender_a that_o by_o bring_v the_o action_n a_o man_n right_n be_v rather_o improve_v than_o make_v worse_o nemo_n in_o persequendo_fw-la deteriorem_fw-la causam_fw-la sed_fw-la meliorem_fw-la facit_fw-la jur_fw-fr facit_fw-la lib._n 87._o dig._n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la jur_fw-fr to_o try_v a_o man_n right_n be_v rather_o a_o advantage_n than_o any_o prejudice_n when_o therefore_o any_o of_o these_o right_n be_v in_o question_n if_o the_o law_n of_o a_o state_n be_v so_o short_a and_o defective_a as_o that_o a_o mischief_n may_v be_v do_v and_o yet_o no_o 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oath_n send_v to_o the_o court_n where_o my_o trial_n be_v to_o be_v or_o if_o such_o just_a exception_n as_o may_v take_v away_o or_o at_o least_o extenuate_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o evidence_n bring_v against_o i_o will_v not_o be_v allow_v or_o if_o the_o justice_n of_o a_o nation_n be_v too_o quick_a and_o over_o hasty_a in_o conclude_v upon_o the_o right_n of_o man_n before_o they_o can_v well_o prepare_v to_o defend_v they_o or_o on_o the_o contrary_a be_v too_o slow_a and_o tedious_a as_o not_o limit_v a_o time_n when_o suit_n shall_v determine_v of_o themselves_o if_o they_o be_v not_o judge_v before_o or_o if_o one_o sentence_n shall_v be_v so_o final_a that_o i_o may_v not_o appeal_v nor_o bring_v my_o right_n to_o a_o trial_n any_o more_o i_o say_v where_o these_o proceed_n or_o such_o like_a be_v allow_v and_o and_z practise_v whatsoever_o be_v most_o precious_a and_o of_o high_a value_n among_o man_n be_v it_o life_n property_n good_a name_n liberty_n right_a of_o contract_n or_o whatsoever_o else_o be_v fly_v to_o the_o sanctuary_n of_o the_o law_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o be_v destroy_v and_o take_v away_o for_o whether_o the_o right_n of_o a_o people_n be_v prejudice_v by_o a_o irregular_a way_n of_o bring_v they_o to_o trial_n and_o judgement_n or_o by_o the_o iniquity_n of_o those_o law_n that_o shall_v judge_v they_o in_o the_o end_n the_o mischief_n be_v all_o one_o a_o state_n therefore_o that_o will_v sufficient_o provide_v for_o defence_n of_o their_o people_n right_n must_v not_o only_o take_v care_n that_o the_o law_n that_o must_v definitive_o over-rule_v and_o determine_v they_o be_v equal_a just_a and_o rational_a but_o the_o form_n of_o trial_n must_v be_v the_o same_o also_o that_o the_o same_o security_n and_o just_a deal_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o both_o may_v be_v obtain_v and_o herein_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n have_v be_v more_o exact_a and_o careful_a than_o some_o other_o law_n of_o the_o world_n have_v be_v for_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o what_o nature_n soever_o it_o be_v but_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v ordain_v a_o mean_n to_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o discussion_n and_o trial_n either_o by_o give_v a_o special_a action_n in_o the_o case_n action_n case_n tot._n tit._n inst_z de_fw-fr action_n or_o a_o general_a one_o action_n one_o dig_v the_o prescript_n verb._n &_o in_o fact_n action_n relieve_v by_o ordinary_a remedy_n or_o if_o those_o fail_v by_o such_o as_o be_v extraordinary_a titu_fw-la extraordinary_a tot._n tit_n dig._n &_o lo._n de_fw-fr in_o integr_n res_fw-la titu_fw-la help_a man_n jure_fw-la actionis_fw-la or_o officio_fw-la judicis_fw-la that_o be_v by_o way_n of_o complain_v in_o their_o own_o name_n or_o borrow_v the_o name_n of_o the_o magistrate_n jur_fw-la magistrate_n gl._n in_o s_o actio_fw-la inst_z the_o action_n verb._n quam_fw-la jur_fw-la to_o make_v their_o complaint_n more_o effectual_a so_o that_o one_o way_n or_o other_o a_o remedy_n may_v be_v have_v whatsoever_o the_o evil_a be_v nor_o do_v it_o suffer_v any_o just_a complaint_n to_o go_v away_o unremedy_v and_o although_o it_o give_v the_o high_a authority_n to_o order_n and_o decree_n of_o court_n yet_o it_o be_v so_o tender_a of_o and_o have_v such_o a_o heedful_a respect_n towards_o the_o right_n and_o interest_n of_o man_n that_o whether_o a_o man_n be_v concern_v alone_o in_o a_o cause_n or_o whether_o other_o be_v concern_v with_o he_o it_o allow_v of_o no_o act_n order_n decree_n or_o judgement_n but_o against_o those_o only_a that_o be_v first_o call_v to_o see_v it_o do_v and_o therefore_o every_o judicial_a act_n do_v without_o warning_n give_v be_v account_v surreptitious_a and_o declare_v void_a and_o null_a 10._o null_a marant_a spec_fw-la part_n 4._o distinct_a num_fw-la 10._o the_o effect_n of_o which_o nullity_n be_v that_o as_o to_o he_o that_o be_v absent_a and_o not_o hear_v the_o cause_n be_v to_o begin_v again_o judicatum_fw-la tantum_fw-la
be_v contrary_a to_o those_o common_a principle_n be_v to_o be_v abhor_v but_o beside_o those_o that_o be_v universal_o receive_v and_o agree_v on_o there_o be_v other_o principle_n which_o be_v not_o in_o themselves_o so_o evident_a but_o be_v deduction_n and_o inference_n from_o the_o first_o and_o which_o learned_a and_o very_a understand_a man_n only_o be_v capable_a by_o much_o discourse_n and_o reason_v to_o apprehend_v and_o here_o beside_o good_a natural_a faculty_n and_o ripeness_n of_o year_n there_o must_v be_v add_v the_o right_a help_n of_o true_a art_n and_o learning_n since_o education_n and_o instruction_n be_v the_o mean_n the_o one_o by_o use_n the_o other_o by_o precept_n to_o make_v our_o natural_a faculty_n of_o reason_n both_o the_o better_o and_o the_o soon_o able_a to_o judge_v right_o between_o truth_n and_o error_n good_a and_o evil._n nay_o it_o it_o not_o all_o kind_n of_o learning_n neither_o which_o will_v give_v a_o man_n a_o fitness_n to_o discern_v whether_o the_o law_n of_o a_o nation_n be_v conformable_a to_o right_a reason_n or_o not_o but_o it_o must_v be_v either_o all_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n join_v together_o or_o that_o proper_a legal_a knowledge_n which_o be_v ars_fw-la aequi_fw-la &_o boni_fw-la justi_fw-la atque_fw-la injusti_fw-la scientia_fw-la the_o art_n of_o equity_n &_o a_o good_a conscience_n the_o knowledge_n of_o right_n &_o wrong_n further_o the_o judgement_n be_v not_o yet_o come_v to_o a_o full_a degree_n of_o perfectness_n nor_o competent_a enough_o except_o it_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o practical_a knowledge_n too_o and_o with_o a_o wisdom_n arise_v from_o experience_n and_o observation_n for_o he_o that_o will_v undertake_v to_o judge_v whether_o a_o law_n be_v agreeable_a to_o natural_a equity_n and_o good_a reason_n he_o must_v not_o take_v his_o estimate_n from_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n only_o but_o he_o must_v consider_v divers_a other_o circumstance_n beside_o for_o first_o he_o must_v see_v into_o the_o nature_n manner_n and_o inclination_n of_o the_o people_n for_o the_o end_n of_o all_o law_n be_v but_o to_o preserve_v the_o public_a peace_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o people_n in_o good_a order_n est_fw-la order_n salus_fw-la populi_fw-la suprema_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la that_o law_n must_v needs_o be_v best_o and_o most_o rational_a which_o do_v soon_o produce_v that_o end_n and_o therefore_o consider_v that_o man_n even_o by_o the_o very_a climate_n they_o live_v under_o be_v make_v to_o differ_v so_o main_o in_o every_o thing_n body_n soul_n religion_n and_o manner_n from_o the_o strange_a variety_n of_o law_n which_o we_o see_v and_o read_v of_o throughout_o the_o world_n we_o can_v present_o conclude_v any_o of_o they_o to_o be_v unreasonable_a a_o law_n politic_n law_n aristot_n politic_n there_o be_v mention_v among_o the_o grecian_n whereof_o pittacus_n be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v the_o author_n by_o which_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o he_o which_o be_v overcome_v with_o drink_n do_v then_o strike_v any_o man_n shall_v suffer_v punishment_n double_a as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o have_v do_v the_o same_o be_v sober_a no_o man_n can_v ever_o have_v think_v this_o reasonable_a 1._o reasonable_a ebrius_fw-la si_fw-la delictum_fw-la commise_n rit_fw-fr clement_a ùs_fw-la est_fw-la puniendus_fw-la menoc_n case_z 326_o l._n 2._o the_o arbitr_n judic_n nu_fw-la 1._o that_o have_v intend_v thereby_o only_o to_o punish_v the_o injury_n commit_v according_a to_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o fact_n for_o who_o know_v not_o that_o harm_n advise_o do_v be_v natural_o less_o pardonable_a and_o therefore_o worthy_a of_o sharp_a punishment_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o none_o do_v so_o usual_o offend_v this_o way_n as_o man_n in_o that_o case_n which_o they_o witting_o fall_v into_o even_o because_o they_o will_v be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o free_o outrageous_a it_o be_v for_o their_o public_a good_a where_o such_o disorder_n be_v grow_v to_o frame_v a_o positive_a law_n or_o remedy_n thereof_o according_o and_o therefore_o in_o that_o place_n that_o be_v a_o most_o rational_a and_o a_o just_a law_n a_o justification_n whereof_o we_o may_v find_v in_o the_o roman_a law_n itself_o nonnunquam_fw-la evenit_fw-la say_v saturninus_n 10._o saturninus_n l._n 16._o dig_v de_fw-fr pâ—en_fw-fr parag_v 10._o ut_fw-la aliquorum_fw-la malificiorum_fw-la supplicia_fw-la exacerbentur_fw-la quoties_fw-la nimium_fw-la multis_fw-la personis_fw-la grassantibus_fw-la exemplo_fw-la opus_fw-la sit_fw-la it_o sometime_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o some_o certain_a offence_n be_v the_o more_o sharp_o chastise_v when_o offender_n therein_o grow_v so_o numerous_a as_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v they_o exemplary_a for_o which_o severity_n the_o lawgiver_n be_v no_o way_n censurable_a but_o the_o wicked_a inclination_n of_o man_n be_v to_o be_v tax_v which_o have_v enforce_v it_o from_o they_o our_o saviour_n himself_o do_v excuse_v moses_n for_o suffer_v the_o jew_n to_o put_v away_o their_o wife_n for_o lesser_a cause_n than_o for_o adultery_n because_o of_o the_o hardness_n of_o their_o heart_n though_o from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o 19_o so_o matth._n 19_o that_o be_v though_o it_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o nature_n nor_o to_o the_o practice_n that_o have_v always_o be_v it_o be_v the_o lesser_a evil_a to_o dismiss_v they_o fair_o than_o to_o prosecute_v they_o with_o continual_a hatred_n out_o of_o which_o great_a evil_n may_v ensue_v to_o which_o he_o know_v the_o jew_n such_o be_v the_o malignity_n of_o their_o nature_n may_v soon_o be_v tempt_v likewise_o it_o be_v not_o void_a of_o reason_n neither_o that_o the_o same_o fault_n shall_v be_v punish_v with_o great_a severity_n in_o one_o state_n where_o the_o opportunity_n of_o commit_v it_o be_v great_a the_o inclination_n of_o the_o people_n more_o prone_a to_o offend_v therein_o and_o the_o prejudice_n thence_o arise_v be_v more_o considerable_a than_o in_o another_o where_o it_o be_v not_o so_o evenit_fw-la say_v the_o same_o saturninus_z 9_o saturninus_z d._n l._n 16._o par_fw-fr 9_o ut_fw-la eadem_fw-la scelera_fw-la in_o quibusdam_fw-la provinciis_fw-la gravius_fw-la plectantur_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o africa_n messium_fw-la incensores_fw-la in_o mysia_n vitium_fw-la ubi_fw-la metalla_fw-la sunt_fw-la adulteratores_fw-la monetae_fw-la it_o happen_v that_o the_o same_o foul_a action_n be_v more_o heavy_o punish_v in_o certain_a province_n as_o those_o that_o set_v fire_n on_o corn_n in_o africa_n on_o vine_n in_o mysia_n and_o corrupter_n of_o currant_n money_n where_o it_o be_v of_o metal_n neither_o be_v it_o any_o injustice_n or_o cruelty_n thus_o to_o vary_v non_fw-la statim_fw-la debet_fw-la videri_fw-la tyrannis_fw-la siquid_fw-la gravius_fw-la aut_fw-la remissius_fw-la publicae_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la causa_fw-la in_o legibus_fw-la statuitur_fw-la nam_fw-la sine_fw-la tali_fw-la injuria_fw-la respublicae_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la regi_fw-la say_v conradus_n lagus_n 7._o lagus_n method_n jur_fw-fr civ_o part_n 1._o c._n 4._o nu_fw-la 7._o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o tyranny_n if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o hand_n of_o the_o law_n be_v sometime_o heavy_a and_o sometime_o light_a as_o public_a necessity_n shall_v command_v for_o without_o such_o inequality_n of_o measure_n common_a wealth_n can_v be_v govern_v and_o yet_o all_o this_o while_n here_o be_v no_o repugnancy_n to_o nature_n neither_o for_o the_o general_a principle_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o nation_n which_o be_v to_o punish_v offence_n that_o be_v past_a and_o to_o suppress_v they_o for_o the_o future_a be_v still_o observe_v only_o it_o be_v accommodate_v to_o several_a nation_n which_o be_v various_a and_o differ_v it_o can_v possible_o be_v execute_v by_o the_o same_o coercion_n or_o penalty_n nor_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n second_o the_o form_n and_o kind_n of_o government_n must_v be_v respect_v also_o for_o some_o law_n may_v be_v judge_v very_o good_a and_o fit_v for_o a_o monarchy_n which_o can_v be_v so_o account_v of_o in_o a_o government_n by_o a_o few_o or_o by_o the_o whole_a people_n or_o in_o such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v mix_v and_o make_v up_o out_o of_o they_o all_o three_o when_o a_o justice_n of_o the_o law_n be_v doubt_v it_o must_v be_v examine_v what_o urgency_n of_o affair_n there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o law_n be_v make_v and_o whether_o some_o necessity_n and_o great_a reason_n of_o state_n do_v not_o enforce_v it_o for_o those_o that_o guide_v the_o stern_a do_v see_v those_o let_n and_o difficulty_n in_o preserve_v the_o whole_a which_o other_o can_v discern_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n if_o such_o law_n be_v enact_v sometime_o for_o which_o no_o reason_n can_v be_v render_v non_fw-la omnium_fw-la quae_fw-la à _fw-la majoribus_fw-la constituta_fw-la sunt_fw-la ratio_fw-la reddi_fw-la potest_fw-la legib_n potest_fw-la l._n 20._o dig_v de_fw-fr legib_n a_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v for_o every_o thing_n that_o our_o ancestor_n have_v
the_o same_o for_o we_o see_v the_o whole_a world_n and_o each_o part_n thereof_o so_o compact_v that_o as_o long_o as_o each_o thing_n perform_v only_o that_o work_n which_o be_v natural_a unto_o it_o it_o thereby_o preserve_v both_o other_o thing_n and_o also_o itself_o contrariwise_o let_v any_o principal_a thing_n as_o the_o sun_n the_o moon_n any_o one_o of_o the_o heaven_n or_o element_n but_o once_o cease_v or_o fail_v or_o swerve_v and_o who_o do_v not_o easy_o conceive_v that_o the_o sequel_n thereof_o will_v be_v ruin_n both_o to_o itself_o and_o whatsoever_o depend_v on_o it_o as_o therefore_o the_o obedience_n of_o other_o creature_n unto_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v the_o stay_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n so_o nothing_o be_v more_o effectual_a to_o the_o uphold_v of_o any_o communion_n among_o man_n then_o to_o command_v the_o people_n obedience_n to_o nothing_o more_o than_o what_o nature_n and_o reason_n prompt_v they_o to_o and_o to_o determine_v their_o right_n by_o rule_n which_o themselves_o can_v gainsay_v for_o when_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o people_n be_v satisfy_v in_o the_o reason_n and_o justice_n of_o that_o which_o be_v command_v either_o by_o their_o own_o understanding_n or_o as_o they_o be_v teach_v by_o more_o know_a man_n they_o sit_v down_o in_o a_o quiet_a and_o content_a submission_n and_o look_v upon_o their_o governor_n with_o the_o great_a reverence_n and_o honour_n they_o obey_v without_o complain_v and_o thereby_o the_o public_a peace_n be_v also_o secure_v but_o when_o the_o law_n of_o a_o nation_n that_o shall_v be_v most_o clear_a and_o rational_a be_v wrap_v up_o in_o a_o strange_a language_n deliver_v in_o term_n most_o intricate_a and_o the_o matter_n thereof_o not_o intelligible_a by_o any_o degree_n of_o true_a reason_n or_o learning_n the_o people_n be_v present_o possess_v with_o a_o jealousy_n that_o their_o dear_a right_n and_o most_o precious_a interest_n may_v miscarry_v under_o they_o and_o their_o sure_a possession_n snatch_v from_o they_o under_o pretence_n of_o a_o law_n which_o they_o can_v discern_v any_o justice_n or_o reason_n in_o till_o at_o last_o they_o fall_v into_o open_a rage_n and_o distemper_n thereby_o disturb_v the_o public_a peace_n and_o oft_o time_n shake_v the_o very_a government_n itself_o in_o their_o fury_n 1._o fury_n legum_n ac_fw-la mâ—_n gistratuum_fw-la con_fw-mi temptum_fw-la sequun_v tuâ—_n popul_a sedâ—ti_fw-la osae_fw-la voces_fw-la &_o adversus_fw-la priucipes_fw-la ipsos_fw-la conjurationes_fw-la ac_fw-la defectiones_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n l._n 3._o c._n 1._o for_o there_o be_v no_o bondage_n like_a to_o the_o slavery_n of_o the_o judgement_n and_o the_o captivity_n of_o the_o will_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o great_a occasion_n or_o ground_n of_o fear_n then_o when_o a_o man_n be_v constrain_v to_o tread_v such_o step_n where_o his_o understanding_n can_v guide_v he_o but_o especial_o for_o one_o fortune_n or_o personal_a safety_n to_o be_v expose_v to_o danger_n in_o such_o unknown_a and_o undiscernible_a way_n it_o must_v needs_o draw_v on_o a_o great_a distemper_n in_o the_o mind_n because_o of_o the_o great_a consequence_n thereon_o depend_v moreover_o when_o the_o dictate_v and_o proceed_n of_o law_n be_v rational_a we_o be_v much_o assist_v by_o our_o reason_n in_o a_o conformity_n and_o obedience_n to_o they_o even_o when_o we_o do_v not_o exact_o know_v the_o law_n itself_o and_o we_o do_v not_o so_o soon_o slip_v into_o danger_n or_o mischief_n under_o it_o when_o we_o have_v a_o inward_a guide_n to_o direct_v we_o in_o the_o way_n we_o be_v to_o walk_v in_o but_o when_o we_o be_v to_o walk_v in_o a_o path_n we_o know_v not_o in_o any_o kind_n and_o to_o observe_v rule_n which_o we_o can_v understand_v it_o be_v then_o that_o we_o wander_v out_o of_o one_o labyrinth_n into_o another_o till_o mischief_n and_o the_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n surprise_v we_o unaware_o beside_o law_n that_o curry_v in_o they_o honest_a rational_a and_o clear_a principle_n be_v as_o so_o many_o lesson_n for_o the_o people_n to_o fashion_v their_o life_n and_o action_n by_o who_o nature_n and_o manner_n will_v be_v much_o temper_v by_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o law_n they_o live_v under_o for_o since_o it_o be_v the_o only_a guard_n and_o security_n that_o they_o have_v for_o their_o life_n and_o fortune_n they_o will_v be_v studious_a in_o it_o inquisitive_a after_o it_o and_o attentive_a to_o it_o and_o so_o whilst_o they_o study_v and_o learn_v the_o law_n to_o keep_v themselves_o and_o their_o estate_n in_o safety_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o also_o learn_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o moral_a life_n and_o suck_v in_o the_o true_a principle_n of_o practical_a integrity_n and_o civil_a conversation_n and_o this_o among_o many_o other_o have_v be_v one_o very_o powerful_a inducement_n to_o christian_a nation_n to_o receive_v and_o cherish_v the_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n so_o much_o as_o they_o do_v because_o to_o humane_a law_n or_o learning_n do_v so_o well_o teach_v man_n to_o be_v just_a virtuous_a &_o innocent_a in_o all_o the_o action_n of_o this_o life_n as_o that_o law_n do_v justitiam_fw-la colimus_fw-la &_o boni_fw-la &_o aequi_fw-la notitiam_fw-la profitemur_fw-la aequum_fw-la de_fw-la iniquo_fw-la separantes_fw-la licitum_fw-la ab_fw-la illicito_fw-la discernentes_fw-la bonosnon_fw-la solum_fw-la metu_fw-la poenarum_fw-la verùm_fw-la etiam_fw-la proemiorun_v quoque_fw-la exhortatione_n efficere_fw-la cupientes_fw-la veram_fw-la nisi_fw-la fallor_fw-la philosophiam_fw-la non_fw-la simulatam_fw-la affectantes_fw-la say_v ulpian_n jur_n b_o l._n 1._o dig_v de_fw-fr just_a &_o jur_n in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o lawyer_n we_o adore_v justice_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o right_n and_o equity_n be_v our_o profession_n divide_v equity_n from_o what_o be_v unequal_a discern_v lawful_a thing_n from_o unlawful_a aim_v to_o make_v man_n virtuous_a as_o well_o by_o reward_v they_o where_o they_o do_v well_o as_o punish_v they_o when_o they_o do_v ill_a teach_v such_o wisdom_n if_o i_o mistake_v not_o say_v he_o as_o be_v not_o for_o show_v and_o ostentation_n but_o be_v true_a solid_a and_o substantial_a for_o cujacius_n explain_v the_o last_o word_n of_o that_o law_n make_v it_o the_o proper_a office_n of_o a_o lawyer_n to_o teach_v man_n to_o bridle_v their_o lust_n and_o appetite_n to_o study_v the_o common_a good_a to_o descend_v their_o own_o to_o keep_v their_o desire_n hand_n and_o eye_n from_o the_o good_n of_o other_o which_o be_v but_o the_o lesson_n of_o a_o true_a philosopher_n likewise_o the_o sum_n and_o substance_n of_o all_o that_o a_o man_n owe_v moral_o either_o to_o himself_o or_o other_o be_v comprise_v in_o the_o three_o general_a precept_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n honestè_fw-fr vivere_fw-la alterum_fw-la non_fw-la laedere_fw-la suum_fw-la cuique_fw-la tribuere_fw-la 1_o tribuere_fw-la l_o 10_o dig_v de_fw-fr just_a &_o jur._n parag._n 1_o to_o live_v sober_o not_o to_o hurt_v another_o to_o give_v every_o one_o his_o own_o the_o first_o duty_n concern_v our_o own_o self_n and_o be_v the_o fruit_n of_o modesty_n forbid_v we_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n whereby_o we_o may_v seem_v lewd_a or_o vicious_a nor_o to_o show_v any_o kind_n of_o dissoluteness_n either_o in_o our_o speech_n habit_n or_o manner_n and_o to_o refrain_v from_o any_o act_n quâ—d_fw-la vel_fw-la nos_fw-la commaculet_fw-la solos_fw-la say_v 10._o say_v d._n l._n 10._o cujaâ—ius_n that_o be_v which_o may_v stain_v our_o person_n though_o none_o be_v privy_a to_o it_o but_o ourselves_o the_o other_o two_o be_v the_o proper_a effect_n of_o temperance_n and_o justice_n and_o owe_v to_o other_o who_o we_o be_v to_o live_v converse_v and_o deal_v with_o teach_v we_o to_o abstain_v from_o theft_n violence_n rapine_n and_o injury_n to_o render_v back_o to_o all_o man_n what_o we_o have_v of_o they_o or_o do_v owe_v they_o reward_v to_o 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discretion_n and_o partly_o by_o custom_n rather_o than_o
6._o parag_v 4._o he_o have_v these_o word_n ita_fw-la jam_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la sub_fw-la annum_fw-la 1145_o receptus_fw-la suis_fw-la juris_fw-la justinianaei_fw-la usus_fw-la ut_fw-la quoties_fw-la interpretandi_fw-la jura_fw-la sive_fw-la vetera_fw-la sive_fw-la nova_fw-la sive_fw-la ratio_fw-la sive_fw-la analogia_fw-la desideraretur_fw-la aut_fw-la mos_fw-la aut_fw-la lex_fw-la expressior_fw-la non_fw-la reperiretur_fw-la ad_fw-la jus_o illud_fw-la justiniaâ—aeum_fw-la tum_fw-la veluti_fw-la rationis_fw-la juridicae_fw-la promptuarium_fw-la optimum_fw-la ac_fw-la ditissimum_fw-la tum_fw-la ut_fw-la quòd_fw-la legem_fw-la in_o nondum_fw-la definitis_fw-la ex_fw-la ratione_fw-la seu_fw-la analogia_fw-la commodè_fw-la suppleret_fw-la esset_fw-la recurrendum_fw-la certain_o ita_fw-la ferme_fw-fr rhodiam_fw-la recepere_fw-la veteres_fw-la romani_fw-la legem_fw-la in_o rebut_fw-la nauticis_fw-la ut_fw-la etiam_fw-la apud_fw-la nos_fw-la &_o gentes_fw-la vicinas_fw-la leges_fw-la 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