seeming sorrie that he was so constreined as by part of the octasâ—ichon at the foot of the first page intituled Lamentum compilatoris appeareth in maner and forme following Sum caecus factus subita caligine tactus Nec opus inceptum iam corrigo forsan ineptum Me metuo dubium pro veris saepe locutum Plus audita loquor quà m mihi visa sequor c. All the foresaid villanies notwithstanding against the king and the state tending wholie to the subuersion of law and ciuill gouernement albeit the wreâ—â—hes deserued no sparke of fauour but exâ—â—eame soueritie of iudgement to be executed vpon them yet as yee haue heard besides the great clemencie of the king exhibited vnto them in remitting their offense and acquiting them from the rigor of the law he granted and gaue to them the charter which they had requested faire written and sealed to auoid a greater mischiefe commanded it for a time to be deliuered them knowing that Essex and Kent were not so pacified but that if they were not the sooner contented and that partlie after their minds they would vp againe The tenor of the charter which was gotten thus by force of the king was as followeth line 10 The forme of the kings charter of Manumission RIchardus Dei gratia rex Angliae Franciae dominus Hiberniae omnibus balliuis fidelibus suis ad quos praesentes litterae peruenerint salutem Sciatis quòd de gratia nostra speciali manumisimus vniuersos ligeos singulos subditos nostros line 20 alios comitatus Hertfordiae ipsos eorum quemlibet ab omni bondagio exuimus quietos facimus per praesentes ac etiam perdonamus eisdem ligeis ac subditis nostris omnimodas felonias proditiones transgressiones extortiones per ipsos vel aliquem eorum qualitercúnque factas siue perpetratas ac etiam vtlagariam vtlagarias si qua vel quae in ipsos vel aliquem ipsorum fuerit vel fuerint hijs occasionibus promulgata vel promulgatae summam pacem nostram eis eorum line 30 cuilibet inde concedimus In cuius rei testimonium has litteras nostras fieri fecimus patentes Teste meipso apud London 15 die Iunij Anno regni nostri quarto The commons hauing obteined this charter departed home but ceassed not from their riotous demeanour in sundrie parts of the realme and especiallie at saint Albons where after the townesmen line 40 were returned home they kept such a coile against the abbat and moonks to haue certeine ancient charters deliuered them that concerned their liberties and to haue such new made and deliuered to them as might serue their purpose that bicause such old charters as they requested were not to be had the abbat and moonks looked euerie houre when their house should be set on fire and burnt ouer their heads The prior and certeine other as well moonks as laie men that were seruants to the abbat fled for feare of the line 50 rage of those misgouerned people knowing that they hated them deadlie and therefore looked for no courtesie at their hands They had obteined the kings letters vnto the abbat commanding him to deliuer vnto them such charters as they had giuen information to be remaining in his hands so that vnder colour thereof they called for those writings in most importunate wise threatning sore if they were not brought to light vtterlie to destroie the house by setting it on fire line 60 But to speake of all the vnrulie parts of those vnrulie people it were too long a processe yet at length after they vnderstood how their grand capteine and chéefe ringleader Wat Tiler was slaine they began somewhat to asswage their presumptuous attempts the rather for that there came a knight with the kings letter of protection in behalfe of the abbat and his house and yet they were not so calmed but that they continued in requiring to haue chapters made to them by the abbat of the like forme and effect â—o that which the king had made concerning the infranchising them from bondage whereby they that obteined such charters tooke themselues to be discharged of all seruices and accustomed labors so that they meant not to doo any further works nor yeeld such customes as before time they vsâ—allie had béene accustomed to doo and yéeld vnto their landlords Neither did the townesmen of S. Albons and the tenants of other townes and villages thereabout that belonged to the abbeie of S. Albons thus outragiouslie misdemeane themselues but euerie where else the commons kept such like stur so that it was rightlie called the hurling time there were such hurlie burlies kept in euerie place to the great danger of ouerthrowing the whole state of all good gouernment in this land For euen the selfe same saturdaie after Corpus Christi day in Suffolke there were got togither to the number of fiftie thousand men by the setting on of Iohn Wraw a naughtie lewd priest that had beene first among the Essexmen at London and was sent downe in all post hast from Wat Tiler to stir the commons in those parts to commit the like mischéefe as he had séene begun about London These fellowes therfore after they were assembled togither fell to the destroieng of the manors and houses of men of law such lawiers as they caught they slue and beheded sir Iohn Cauendish lord chiefe iustice of England and set his head vpon the pillorie in the market place in S. Edmunsdburie Also sir Iohn of Cambridge the prior of saint Edmundsburie as he would haue fled from them was taken not far from Mildenhale and likewise beheaded his bodie being left naked in the open field and no man presuming to burie it during the space of fiue daies for feare of the cruell commons His head was set vpon a pole and caried before Iohn Wraw and other of those wicked people the which comming to Burie and entring the towne in maner of a procession when they came into the market place where the pillorie stood as it were in token of the old friendship betwixt the lord chiefe iustice and the said prior they made sport with their heads making them sometime as it were to kisse other whiles to sound in either others eare After they had taken their pastime inough herewith they set both the heads againe aloft vpon the pillorie After this they beheaded an other moonke called Dan Iohn de Lakinghuith whose hed was likewise set by the other two vpon the pillorie Moreouer they caused the moonks to come foorth and bring vnto them all such obligations in which the townesmen stood bound vnto the monasterie for their good abearing likewise such charters of liberties of the towne of Burie which king Cnuâ—e the founder of the said monasterie and his successors had granted to the same which writings when they had brought foorth and protested that they knew of no more the commons would
exploit doone by sir Iohn Harleston Sir Iohn Clearke a valiant capteine A policie The duke of Britaine restored to his dukedome Sir Hugh Caluerlie An hainous murther of â— merchant stranger Great 〈◊〉 in the north countrie Great 〈◊〉 by the 〈◊〉 in the death time A notable example of a faithfull prisoner The English â—ame scatteâ—â—d by a terriâ—le tempest The excesse and sumptuous apparell of sir Iohn Arundell There were drowned aboue a thousand men in one place and other as the additions to Ad. Merimuth doo testifie Outragious wickednesse iustlie punished Sir Iohn Deuereux made deputie of Calis The earle of Warwike elected protector The archbishop of Canturburie made lord chancellour The kings halfe sister married the earle of saint Paule A combâ—â—â—â—â—twixt 〈◊〉 A 〈◊〉 Thomaâ—â—â—tringâ—â—â— Triall by â—â—bat in 〈◊〉 case lawfull The order 〈◊〉 the combat The earle Buckingâ—â—â— claimeth 〈◊〉 horsse The esquire 〈◊〉 ouerthrowne The esquier fainteth The knight is iudged the vanquisher The French men spoile burne dâ—uerse townes in the west counâ—â—ie Anno Reg. 4. Froissard The earle of Buckingham sent into Britaine to aid the duke against the French king Knights made by the earle of Buckingham at his entrie into France Knights againe made The iournie of the English armie tâ—rough France The citiâ—â—â— oâ— Râ—â—meâ— saue their corne fielâ—â— from destrâ—eng by sending vittels to the English host Sir Thoâ—â—â— Triuet 〈◊〉 a baroâ—â—â— Knights created Uerne or Uernon The polâ—â—◠〈◊〉 the French king In Angl. 〈◊〉 sub 〈◊〉 The death of Charles the 5 French king Tho. Walsi The French and Spanish gallies chased from the coast of England to Kingsale in Ireland and there vanquished Diuerse townes on the English costs destroied and burnt The abbat of Battell in releuing Winchelâ—â—e is put to flight Grauesend burnt The English host entreth into Britaine Naunts besiged by the Englishmen The siege at Naunts broken vp A peace betwixt the French king and the duke of Britaine The articleâ— of the peace The earle of Buckingham returned into England The Scots inuade the English borders and spoile whole countries carrieng awaie great booties An armie lingering in the north parts greatlie impouerisheth the countrie Additions to Adam Merimuth Treason in letters writteÌ„ by sir Rafe Ferrers to certeine French lords A parlement at Northampton Iohn Kirkbie executed for murthering a merchant stranger A gréeuous subsidie Twelue 〈◊〉 as some 〈◊〉 Thom. Walâ— Wicliffes opinion The cardinal of Praxed Triennals All for monie An armie sent into Portingale to aid the king there against the K. of Castile The coÌ„mons by reason of the great subsidie and other oppressions rise in diuerse parts of the realme Uillaines The beginning of the rebellion at Derford in Kent The commoÌ„s of Essex begin the commotioÌ„ as Wal. saith The armor of the Essex rebels The oth ministred by the rebels to all passengers The commoÌ„s of other shires hearing of the stur in Kent Essex rise in like maner Lawiers iustices iurors brought to blockam feast by the rebels The next way to extinguish right An huge 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 Fabian Capteins at the Esseâ— in Kentish 〈◊〉 The rebâ—â—s send to the 〈◊〉 to come 〈◊〉 with them Ill counsell Froiâ—â—ard The rebels spoile Southwarke and 〈◊〉 all prisoners at large The coÌ„mons of London aiders of the rebels All rebels 〈◊〉 tend 〈…〉 but 〈◊〉 purpose destruction 〈◊〉 of king 〈◊〉 countrie The Sauoie the duke of Lancasters house burnt by the rebels Strange dealing of the rebels The iustice of the rebels The lawiers lodgings in the temple burnt by the rebels The lord chaÌ„cellor and the lord treaâ—uror drawne out of the tower and put to death by the rebels Thom. Wals. The raging rebels make a pastime to kill men No respect of place with the rebels The outragious dealing of the rebels The king offereth the rebels pardon Froissard The wicked purpose of the rebels The rebels would haue all law abolished Arrogant and prouâ— words of a villen William Walworth maior of London â— stout couragious man The death of Wat Tiler capteine of the rebels The king persuadeth the rebels Uehement words of the maior of Loâ—â—don to the 〈◊〉 crieng for aid against the rebels An armie without a capteine The rebels quite discouraged threw downe their weapons at the comming of the Londoners in aid â—f the king Abraham Fleming out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie The like there was granted to them of other countries as well as to these of Hertforeshire in the same forme the names of the counâ—â—es changed The townesmen of saint Albons not yet quieted The hurting time The 〈…〉 of the Sufolke rebels Sir Iohn Cauendish lord chiefe iustice beheaded The prior of S. Edmundsburie sleine This Edmund Brumfield was câ—â—â—mitted to 〈◊〉 by the 〈◊〉 for his sumptous intrusion 〈◊〉 the abbat◠〈◊〉 Burie Iohn Littester capteine oâ— the Norfolke rebels The earle of Suffolke escapeth from the rebels The Norfolk rebels compell the noblemen gentlemen to be sworne to them Sir Robert Salle slaine by one of his own villains The capteine of the Norfolke rebels forceth the noblemen and gentlemen to serue him at the table A warlike bishop Spenser â—ish of Norwich goeth as capteine against the â—â—bels The fortifieng of the rebels campe The bishop is the first man that chargeth the rebels in their campe The Norfolke rebels vanquished Anno Reg. 5. The capteine once slaine the soldiers faint An armie of fortie thousand horssemen The Kentishmen eftsoones rebell Iack Straw and his adherents executed The maior and fiue aldermen knighted The armes of London augmented by additioÌ„ of the dagger The coÌ„mons of Essex rebell afresh The rebels of Essex are scâ—tered slaine Fabian The rebels executed in euerie lordship The king calleth in his letters of infranchising granted to the bondmen The king remooueth to S. Albons Iohn Ball. Iohn Ball 〈◊〉 prophesie Iohn Ball â—is sermon to â—he rebels Iohn Ball executed at S. Albons The king calleth in by proclamation all â—uch letters of manumission as the abbat of saint Albons had granteâ— to his bondmen The commoÌ„s of Hertfordshire sworne to the king The conâ—esâ—on of Iacke Straw at the time of his death The cause of the late tumults A truce with Scotland Tho. Walsâ— Froissard The capteine of Berwike will not suffer the duke of Lancaster to enter into the towne The duke of Lancaster chargeth the earle of Northumberland with sundrie â—runes The duke of Lancaster the earle of Northumberland come to the parlement with great troops of armed men The Londoners fréends to the earle of Northumberland The lords sit in armour in the parlement house The K. maketh an agréemeÌ„t betwéene the duke of Lancaster the earle of Northumberland The emperours sister affianced to K Richard is receiued at Douer A watershake The kings marriage with the emperors sister The sudden death of the earle of Suffolke The earle of March his good seruice whilest he was deputie in Ireland Wicliffes doctrine Iohn Wraie A
holds which they had fortified About the feast of Peter and Paule the legat departed out of the realme of whom we find that as he granted to the king some liberties against the priuileges line 40 which the cleargie pretended to haue a right vnto so he obteined of the king certeine grants in fauour of them and their order as thus 1 First that for no offense crime or transgression any spirituall person should be brought before a temporall iudge personallie except for hunting or for some laie fee or that for which some temporall seruice was due to be yéelded either to the king or some other that was cheefe lord thereof line 50 2 Secondlie that no archbishops see nor bishops sée nor any abbaie should be kept in the kings hands more than one yeare except vpon some euident cause or necessitie constreining 3 Thirdlie that such as slue any spirituall person and were of such offense conuicted either by euidence or confession before the iustice of the realme in presence of the bishop should be punished as the temporall law in such cases required 4 Fourthlie that spirituall men should not be compelled to fight in lists for the triall of any matter line 60 or cause whatsoeuer It should appeare by Nicholas Triuet that the archbishop of Canturburie procured the bishops of Winchester Elie and Norwich thrée prelats highlie at that present in the kings fauour to further these grants namelie that such as slue any préest or spirituall person might haue the law for it where before there was no punishment for a season vsed against such offendors but onelie excommunication But now to leaue préests we will passe to other matters In this meane time king Henrie the sonne remaining in Normandie began to deuise new practises how to remooue his father from the gouernment and to take it to himselfe but one of his seruants named Adam de Cherehedune being of his secret counsell aduertised king Henrie the father thereof for the which his maister king Henrie the sonne Cereus in vitium flecti monitoribus asper put him to great shame and rebuke causing him to be stripped naked and whipped round about the streets of the citie of Poictiers where he then was vpon his returne from his brother earle Richard with whome he had beene to aid him against his enimies King Henrie the father perceiuing the naughtie mind of his sonne and that he ceassed not from his wilfull maliciousnesse thought to dissemble all things sith he saw no hope of amendment in him but yet to be prouided against his wicked attempts he furnished all his fortresses both in England in Normandie with strong garisons of men and all necessarie munition About this time the sea rose on such a heigth that manie men were drowned thereby Also a great snow fell this yeare which by reason of the hard frost that chanced therewith continued long without wasting away so that fishes both in the sea and fresh water died through sharpenesse and vehemencie of that frost neither could husbandmen till the ground A sore eclipse of the sunne chanced also the sixt ides of Ianuarie The monasterie of Westwood or Lesnos was begun to be founded by Richard de Lucie Lord chéefe iustice The same yeare also at Woodstocke the king made his sonne the lord Geffrey knight In the yeare 1177. king Henrie held his Christmas at Northampton with his two sonnes Geffrey and Iohn year 1177 his other two sonnes the yoong king Henrie and Richard earle of Poictou were in the parts beyond the seas as the king in Normandie and the earle in Gascoigne where he besieged the citie of Aques which the vicount of Aques and the earle of Bigorre had fortified against him but he wan it within ten daies after his comming thither Within the like terme also he wan the citie of Baion which Arnold Berthram had fortified against him and coÌ„ming to the vttermost frontiers of that countrie adioining to Spaine he tooke a castell called saint Piero which he destroied and constreined the Basques and Nauarrois to receiue an oth that from thencefoorth they should suffer passengers quietlie to come and go through their countrie and that they should liue in quiet and keepe peace one with an other and so he reformed the state of that countrie and caused them to renounce manie euill customes which they before that time had vnlawfullie vsed Moreouer king Henrie to auoid further slander placed for bishop in the see of Lincolne a bastard son which he had named Geffrey after hâ— had kept that bishoprike in his hands so long till he had almost cleerelie destroied it And his sonne that was now made bishop to helpe the matter for his part made hauocke in wasting and spending in riotous manner the goods of that church and in the end forsooke his miter and left the sée againe in the kings hands to make his best of it Furthermore the king in times past made a vow to build a new monasterie in satisfaction of his offenses committed against Thomas the archbishop of Canturburie wherefore he required of the bishops and other spirituall fathers to haue some place by them assigned where he might begin that foundation But whilest they should haue taken aduise herein he secretlie practised with the cardinals and with diuerse other bishops that he might remoue the secular canons out of the colledge at Waltham and place therein regular canons so to saue monie in his cofâ—rs planting in another mans vineyard Howbeit bicause it should not be thought he did this of such a couetous meaning he promised to giue great possessions to that house which he after but slenderlie performed though vpon licence obteined at the bishops hands he displaced the preests and brought in to their roomes the canons as it were by waie of exchange The same yeare also he thrust the nunnes of Amesburie out of their house bicause of their incontinent line 10 liuing in abusing their bodies greatlie to their reproch and bestowed them in other monasteries to be kept in more streightlie And their house was committed vnto the abbesse and couent of Founteuered who sent ouer certeine of their number to furnish the house of Amesburie wherein they were placed by the archbishop of Canturburie in the presence of the king and a great number of others Philip earle of Flanders by sending ouer ambassadours to king Henrie promised that he would not line 20 bestow his two néeces daughters to his brother Matthew earle of Bullongne without consent of the same king but shortlie after he forgot his promise married the elder of them to the duke of Zaringes the yoonger to Henrie duke of Louaine Iohn de Curcie lord cheefe iustice of Ireland discomfiting a power of Irishmen wan the citie of Dun in Ulnestre where the bodies of S. Patrike and S. Colme confessors and S. Brigit the virgin are buried for the taking of which citie
the place as was to be seene many yeares after ¶ Touching these celestiall apparitions the common doctrine of philosophie is that they be méere naturall and therefore of no great admiration For of eclipses as well such as are proper to the sunne as also those that are peculiar to the moone the position is not so generallie deliuered as it is constantlie beléeued For the philosophers giue this reason of eclipses line 10 radios Phoebi luna interiecta repellit Nec sinit in terras claram descendere lucem Quippe aliud non est quà m terrae atque aequoris vmbra Quae si fortè ferit nocturnae corpora lunae Eclipsin facit In somuch as obseruing them to be ordinarie accidents they are ouerpassed and nothing regarded Howbeit Lucane maketh a great matter of eclipses and of other strange sights precéeding the bloudie battels betweene Pompeie and Cesar intimating thereby that prodigious woonders and other line 20 rare and vnaccustomed accidents are significations of some notable euent insuing either to some great personage to the common-wealth or to the state of the church And therefore it is a matter woorth the marking to compare effects following with signes and woonders before going since they haue a doctrine in them of no small importance For not manie yeares after the kings glorie was darkened on earth nay his pompe and roiall state tooke end a prediction line 30 whereof might be imported by the extraordinarie eclipse of the sunne a beautifull creature and the ornament of the skie Laurence archbishop of Dublin and Catholicus the archbishop of Tuamon with fiue or six other Irish bishops and diuerse both bishops and abbats of Scotland passed through England towards the generall councell and withall tooke their oth that they shuld not procure any damage to the king or realme of England There went but onelie foure bishops line 40 out of England to wit Hugh Putsey or Pudsey bishop of Durham Iohn bishop of Norwich Reignold bishop of Bath and Robert bishop of Hereford beside abbats for the English bishops firmelie stood in it that there ought but foure bish onlie to go foorth of England to any generall councell called by the pope This yeare Richard de Lucie lord chéefe iustice of England gaue ouer his office and became a canon in the abbeie of Westwood or Lesnos which he had founded and built vpon his owne ground endowing line 50 it with great reuenewes and in Iulie after he died there King Henrie the father called a parlement at Windsore at the which was present king Henrie the sonne and a great number of lords earles and barons At this parlement order was taken for partition of the realme so that it was diuided into foure parts certeine sage personages being allotted vnto euerie part to gouerne the same but not by the name of iustices albeit that Ranulfe de Glanuille was line 60 made ruler of Yorkeshire authorised iustice there as he that best vnderstood in those daies the ancient lawes and customes of the realme The same yeare Geffrey earle of Britaine by his fathers commandement leuied an armie and passing ouer into Britaine wasted the lands of Guidomer de Leons and constreined him to submit himselfe vnto him The 18. day of August the moone was eclipsed which was séene of king Henrie and his companie as he rode all that night towards Douer there to méet the French king who was comming towards England to visit the toome of archbishop Thomas Becket as he had before time vowed He landed at Douer the 22. day of August There came ouer with him Henrie duke of Louaine Philip earle of Flanders Baldwin earle of Guines earle William de Mandeuille and diuerse other earles lords barons and knights whome king Henrie was readie to receiue at the water side and the morow after brought them with great honor to Canturburie where they were with due reuerence and vnspeakeable ioy receiued of archbishop Richard and diuerse other bishops there assembled togither with the couent of Christes-church and an infinit multitude of Nobles and gentlemen The French king offered vpon the toome of the said archbishop Thomas a rich cup of gold and gaue to the moonks there an hundred tuns of wine to be receiued yearelie of his gift for euer at Poissie in France Further he granted to the same moonks that whatsoeuer was bought in his dominions of France to their vse should be free from toll tallage and paieng any maner of excise for the same These grants he confirmed with his charter thereof made deliuered to them by the hands of Hugh Putsey son to the bishop of Duresme that was his chancellor King Lewes hauing performed his vow and receiued manie rich gifts of king Henrie returned home into France and shortlie after causing his sonne to be crowned king resigned the gouernment to him as by some writers appeareth About the same time Cadwallon prince of Wales being brought before the king to make his answer to diuerse accusations exhibited against him as he returned toward his countrie vnder the kings safe conduct was laid for by his enimies and slaine to the kings great slander though he were not giltie in the matter After this king Henrie the father held his Christmasse at Notingham and William king of Scotland with him The same yeare fell discord betwixt the yoong king of France and his mother and vncles hir brethren earle Theobald and earle Stephan who thinking themselues not well vsed procured king Henrie the sonne to ioine with them in fréendship and to go ouer into England to purchase his fathers assistance in their behalfe against their nephue Who being come ouer to his father informed him of the whole mater and did so much by his earnest suit therin that before the feast of Easter his father went ouer with him into Normandie and immediatlie vpon their arriuall in those parts the old French queene mother to the yoong king Philip with their brethren the said earles and manie other Noble men of France came vnto him and concluding a league with him deliuered hostages into his hands and receiued an oth to follow his counsell and aduice in all things Herevpon king Henrie assembled a great armie in purpose after Easter to inuade the French kings dominions but before any great exploit was made he came to an enteruew with the new king of France betwixt Gisors and Treodsunt where partlie by gentle words and partlie by threatnings which king Henrie vsed for persuasion the French king released all his indignation conceiued against his mother and vncles and receiued them againe into his fauour couenanting to allow his mother for euerie day towards hir expenses seuen pounds of Paris monie during his father king Lewes his life time and after his death she should inioy all hir dower except the casâ—els which king Philip might reteine still in his hands Also at this assemblie king Henrie the
wherein he delighteth the same is the practise of the people in consideration whereof the mightie ones of the world haue speciall cause to haue an eie to line 60 their course of life to set caueats before their actions that the people may in them sée none but good signes of commendable vertuous imitation For regis imago Vulgus ad mores accedere principis optat Qualis enim rex est talis quoque subditus illi Esse solet populus studijsque tenetur 〈◊〉 Shortlie after to wit the 15. day of September a councell was holden at Pipewell where the bishops and abbats being assembled there were in presence of the king and of the archbishop of Canturburie elected certeine bishops and abbats to such places as then were vacant and amongst other William de Longchampe the kings chancellor was elected to the sée of Elie Geffrey the kings bastard brother vnto the archbishoprike of Yorke who was the 32. in number that had gouerned the same Geffrey de Lucie to Winchester one Hubert Walter to Salisburie and Richard archdeacon of Elie and the kings treasurer to the see of London The abbeies that were prouided of abbats were these Glastenburie Shirborne Persore and Feuersham In like maner Iohn the elect of Whitherne was consecrated bishop of that see by the hands of the archbishop of Dublin Also in this councell the king ordeined Hugh bishop of Durham and William Mandeuille earle of Albemarle lord chéefe iustices of England hauing deposed Ranulfe de Glanuille from that roome Moreouer the king being thus established in the estate of the kingdome did not forget his iournie which he had promised into the holie land but with all diligence made his prouision and namelie he sought to gather monie to furnish his charges and so therevpon leuied a tax engaged sold and let to farme his lands tols customs and other his reuenewes with certeine counties and offices so that he made an exceeding summe of monie He also found that Ranulfe de Glanuille lord chéefe iustice and other of the head magistrates had not behaued themselues vprightlie in the administration of their offices so that he both deposed the said lord cheefe iustice as is aforesaid and almost all the shiriffes and their deputies within the realme of England putting them to greeuous fines for their offenses and transgressions and so by that meanes he got no small deale of monie ¶ Here note by the waie how William Paruus affirmeth that where this Ranulfe Glanuille being a man of high wisedome and stept into age saw that manie things were doone by the new king not so aduisedlie nor with such foresight as they ought to be sought of his owne accord to be discharged of his office that he might the better prepare himselfe to go in that iournie to the holie land as by taking vpon him the crosse he had vowed in the daies of king Henrie and so he solemnelie renounced his office which other nothing so worthie of it did afterwards inioy Moreouer the king vnderstanding that Hugh Putsey or Pudsey bishop of Durham being a verie aged man had much monie he sold to him the manour of Seggesfield or Sadberge with the wapentake belonging to the same and also found meanes to persuade him to buy his owne prouince which he did giuing to the king an inestimable summe of monie and was therevpon created an earle by the king for the same wherevpon he was intituled both bishop and earle of Durham whereat the king would iest afterwards and saie What a cunning craftesman am I that haue made a new earle of an old bishop Furthermore the same bishop gaue to the king a thousand markes to be made chéefe iustice of England and that he might tarrie at home and not go into the holie land And bicause he would not be reprooued of any person he obteined of the apostolike sée which faileth no man that is surcharged with white or red mettall and would be eased a licence for a summe of monie to be dispensed with for that iournie The king thus being earnestlie bent to make commoditie of those things for the which he might get any monie at all the citizens of London presented vnto him a great summe towards the furnishing foorth of his enterprise Wherevpon to acquite their courtesie he granted them large priuileges and ordeined that the citie should be ruled by two head officers which they should choose amongst themselues remoueable from yeare to yeare by the name of bailiffes The names of the two first bailiffes chosen by force of that ordinance were Henrie Cornehill and Richard Fitz Reiner The citie before those daies euer since the comming in of William Conquerour and a good while before his time was gouerned by certeine officers or rulers named Port Greues which word is deriued of two Saxon words as Port and Greue By Port is meant a towne and by Greue a gardian or ruler as who should saie A kéeper or ruler of a towne These rulers with the lawes customes then vsed within line 10 this citie were registred in a booke called as some haue said Doomesdaie but through negligence after these lawes and customes were changed and altered the booke was lost so that the remembrance of such rulers as were before the daies of this Richard the first are not to be had These bailiffes euer entred at Michaelmasse and so continued foorth their yeare Thus began the citie first to receiue the forme and state of a common-wealth and to be diuided into felowships which they call crafts or corporations Such line 20 also are admitted to the fellowships of these companies as haue truelie serued as apprentises a certeine number of yeares as seuen at the least vnder which time of seruice expired there is none made frée nor suffered to inioy the liberties of that citie sauing such as are borne free that is to saie of fréemen within the citie of whome at this time it is not much materiall to make any further report The citie thus consisting of the said craftes or occupations chooseth out of the same a senat or companie of graue councellours line 30 whom they name Aldermen E changed into A according to the old Saxon pronuntiation It is also diuided into 26. tribes or wards of the which euerie one hath his seuerall Alderman or ouersâ—er who haue both authoritie sufficient and large priuileges to mainteine the good gouernement of their portions withall Out of the number of these there is another officer yearelie chosen and appointed called the Maior who ruleth all the rest But now to returne vnto the further dooings of line 40 king Richard before his departure out of England towards his iournie into the land of Palestine commonlie called Holie land it is said he made such sale of things apperteining to him as well in right of the crowne as otherwise that it séemed to diuerse he made his
ladie Alice sister to the French king Baldwine archbishop of Canturburie Iohn bishop of Norwich Hugh bishop of Durham Geffrey bishop of Winchester Reignold bishop of Bath William Bishop of Elie Hubert bishop line 40 of Salisburie and Hugh bishop of Chester with Geffrey the elect of Yorke and Iohn earle of Mortaigne the kings two brethren by commandement of the king passed ouer into Normandie to commen with him before hiâ— setting forward ¶ Some write that now at this present the king should ordeine or rather confirme the bishop of Elie his chancellour to be lord chéefe iustice ouer all England and the bishop of Durham to be lord iustice from Trent northwards But whensoeuer they were line 50 thuâ— aduanced to such dignities howsoeuer they came by them directlie or indirectlie trâ—â— it is that immediatlie therevpon strife and discord did arise betwixt them for 〈◊〉 proud and insolent they disdained ech other contending which of them should beare most rule and authoritie insomuch that whatsoeuer séemed good to the 〈…〉 misliked as in cases where parteners in authoritie are equall it often happeneth The like hereof is 〈◊〉 before betwéene the archbishops of Canturburie 〈◊〉 Yorke line 60 in diuerse kings reignes Foâ— the nature of ambition is to delight in singularitie to admit no peers to giue place to no superior to acknowledge no equall Hereto alludeth the poet verie neaâ—lâ—â— and exemplifieth it in the old Romans the â—rder of whose actions is continued at this day as by thâ— woâ—â—s insuing may be gathered and ordinarilie obserued booth here and elsewhere 〈…〉 pladoxe Plebeiâ—â— quoâ—ieâ— suffragi◠〈◊〉 Cerdoâ—úmque aniâ—â—â— precibus sosuilibusque Turpibus obsequijs 〈…〉 Vt proprijs rebus cur 〈…〉 publica 〈◊〉 Pérque foram medium multis comitantibus irent Inflati vâ— vento folies ac fronte superba c. Moreouer at the same time he caused his two brethren earle Iohn and Geffrey the elect archbishop of Yorke to take an oth not to returne into England during the terme of thrée yeares next insuing without his consent and licence first had This he did foreséeing what might happen prouiding as it were against such practises as his brethren might happilie attempt against him But yet his mother quéene Elianor procured him to reuoke that decree immediatlie least it might seeme to the world that hir sonnes should stand in feare one of another And so the earle of Mortaigne was licenced to returne into England at his pleasure swearing an oth at his departure to obeie the kings beheast and truelie to serue him according to the dutie of a good and loiall subiect The bishop of Elie lord chancellour and cheefe iustice of England was also sent backe hither into this realme to set forward things behoouefull for the kings iournie In like maner the king sent to Rome to obteine that the said bishop of Elie might be constituted the popes legat through both the prouinces of Canturburie and Yorke and likewise through Wales and Ireland Which was soone granted by the bulles of pope Clement the third bearing date the 5. of Iune For the which office the bishops gaue him 1500. marks to the great offense of the king as he shewed afterward to cardinall Octauian that came to visit him when he arriued in the riuer of Tiber being vpon his iourneie towards Messina as after may appeare But in the meane time calling togither the lords and peeres of those his dominions on that side the sea to wit Normandie Britaine Aniou Poitou and Guien he consulted with them what number of soldiors and how manie ships it should be conuenient for him to take with him and furnish into Alla and herewith he did command them also to obeie Robert earle of Leicester whome he appointed to remaine amongst them as his lieutenant or vicegerent of those parts during his absence ¶ But here to leaue king Richard in consultation for matters apperteining to his iournie and shew brieflie what happened by the waie to the Iewes which as then dwelt heere in England after that king Richard was passed euer into Normandie ye haue heard how after the riot against them at London when the king was crowned he tooke order that they should remaine in peace vnder his protection and commanded that no person should in anie wise molest them But now after that he was gone ouer and that the souldiers which prepared themselues to follow him began to assemble in râ—â—â—s the heads of the common people began to wax wild 〈◊〉 faine would they haue had some occasion of raising a new tumult against the Iewes whome for these vnmercifull vsurie practised to the vndooing of manie an honest man they most â—â—adlie hated wishing most earnestlie these expulsion out of England Hervpon by reason of a riot committed latelie against them at the towne of Lâ—n in Norfolke where maâ—ie of them were slaine other people in other parts of the realme taking oâ—casion hereat as if they had béene called vp by the sound of a bell or trumpet aâ—ose against them in those 〈◊〉 where they had any habit 〈…〉 them afteâ— a disordered 〈…〉 As at Stamford on the faire day in Lent at Lincolne and at Yorke in which citie after a number of them had béene besieged certeine daies within a 〈◊〉 of the kings whither they fled for succour one of them learned gouernours caused foure hundred of their companie to consent to haue their throâ—s cut one at an others hands he himself cutting his wiues throt first whose name was Anna then his childrens one after another and last of all slue himselfe onlie rather than he would fall into the hands of the christians that had thus long besieged them The rest perceiuing what their great Rabbi had doone set fire vpon all their goods and substance which they had gotten into the tower with them and so consuming the same would haue burnt also the residue of their fellowes which would not agrée to the Rabbies counsell line 10 in the cruell murthering of themselues if they had not taken a strong turret hard by within that tower and defended themselues both from the fire and crueltie of their brethren who had made awaie themselues in such manner as I haue said and that to the number of foure hundred or as some write fiue hundred at the least On the morow those that were saued called out to the people and not onelie shewed how and after what sort their fellowes were dispatched but also offered line 20 to be baptised and forsake their Iudaisme if they might haue their liues saued from the imminent present danger wherein they saw themselues to be wrapped through the furie of the people To be short this thing was granted and they came foorth howbeit they were no sooner entred into the prease but they were all slaine and not one man of them preserued After this also the people ran to the cathedrall church and broke into those places where their
bishops sées are included Howbeit the truth is that the emperour neuer had possession of these countries cities and towns himselfe neither would line 40 the inhabitants receiue any person so by him appointed to their lord and gouernour wherefore the king made small account of that his so large grant But after he once vnderstood the certeintie of the summe that he should paie for his ransome which businesse he most attended he sent one with letters by and by and in great hast into England to his treasurers requiring them with all conuenient spéed to prouide monie and to send it to him by a day that he might be set at libertie with spéed line 50 These letters being come to the quéene mother and other that had charge in gouernance of the realme tooke order that all maner of persons as well spirituall as temporall should giue the fourth part of their whole reuenues to them for that yeare accrewing and as much more of their mooueable goods and that of euerie knights fée there should be leuied the sum of twentie shillings Also that the religious houses of the orders of the Cisteaux and Sempringham should line 60 giue all their wools for that yeare towards the kings ransome Now those that had commission to leuie this monie being poisoned with couetousnesse and incensed with a gréedie desire than the which as the poet saith nulla est hac maior Erinnys Hanc memorant Acheronte satam per tristia Ditis Regna truces agitare faces c. vsed much streightnesse in exacting it not onelie leuieng it to the vttermost value and extent of mens lands goods and possessions but after their owne willes and pleasures so that vnder colour of the kings commission and letters to them directed there séemed not a tribute or subsidie to be raised but by some publike proclamation all the goods and substance of the people to be appointed as a prey to the kings officers whereby it came to passe that not onelie priuate mens goods but also the chalices iewels and vessels belonging to the church were turned into monie and a farre greater summe made than was at the first commanded a great part of the ouerplus being conuerted to the vse of those through whose hands the receipt passed There was no priuilege nor freedome allowed to exempt any person or place for being contributorie towards the paiment of this monie The order of Cisteaux that were neuer charged with any paiment before were now assessed more déepelie than the rest The bishop of Norwich lamenting the iniurious dealings of the pettie officers and pittieng the people of the church collected halfe the value of all the chalices within his diocesse himselfe and to make vp the other halfe of the whole summe he spared not to giue a great portion of his owne treasure The abbat of S. Albons acquitted all those churches within the compasse of his iurisdiction by the gift of an hundred marks But the bishop of Chester had verie ill lucke with his collections for hauing gathered a great summe of monie to the kings vse he was spoiled thereof in one night as he lodged neere vnto Canturburie being vpon his iournie towards the king And bicause Matthew de Cléere that laie in the castell of Douer was knowne to aid those that robbed the said bishop the archbishop of Canturburie pronounced him accurssed About this time and on the morrow after the natiuitie of saint Iohn Baptist the bishop of Elie lord chancellour arriued in England not shewing himselfe in any statelie port for he tooke vpon him neither the dignitie of chancellour nor legat nor yet of iustice but onelie as a simple bishop and messenger sent from the king The quéene mother the archbishop of Rouen and such other as had gouernment of the land hearing of his comming met him at saint Albons where he shewed to them the emperours letters conteining the agreement made betwixt him and king Richard and withall appointed certeine lords barons to go with him at his returne backe to the king as Gilbert bishop of Rochester Sifrid bishop of Chichester Bennet abbat of Peterborow Richard earle of Clare Roger Bigot earle of Norfolke Geffrey de Saie and diuerse other It was also ordeined at this same time that the monie gathered towards the paiment of the kings ransome should remaine in custodie of Hubert bishop of Salisburie Richard bishop of London William earle of Arundell Hameline earle of Warren and of the Maior of London vnder the seales of the quéene mother and of the archbishop of Rouen ¶ But sée the hap of things whilest ech one was thus occupied about the aforesaid monie it chanced that king Richard was at the point to haue béene deliuered into the hands of his deadlie aduersarie the French king as hereafter you shall heare noting by the waie the dangerous estate of princes the manifold distresses whereinto by sinister fate as well as the inferior rascall rout of common drudges they be driuen For what greater calamitie what gréeuouser hartach what more miserable casualtie could haue happened vnto a bondman than to be deliuered to and fro from the hand of one enimie to another to be bought and sold for monie to stand to the courtesies of forren foes of a king to become a captiue whervnto the poet did right well allude when he said Saepius ventis agitatur ingens Pinus celsae grauiore casis Decidunt turres feriúntque summos Fulminae montes The emperour vpon displeasure conceiued against the bishop of Liege which latelie had atteined to that benefice contrarie to the emperours pleasure who wished the same rather to an other person hired certeine naughtie fellowes to go into France where the bishop remained for feare of the emperours malice and there to find meanes traitorouslie to slea him which they accordinglie did by reason whereof the duke of Louaigne that was brother to the bishop and other of his kinsmen vpon knowledge had line 10 thereof meant to haue made the emperour warre in reuenge of that murther insomuch that the emperour to haue the French kings aid against them was minded to haue deliuered K. Richard vnto him Howbeit after that the matter was taken vp and a concord made betwixt the emperour and his nobles he changed his purpose also touching the deliuering ouer of king Richard who perceiuing that till his ransome were paid which would amount to the summe of an hundred fiftie thousand marks he line 20 should not get libertie and putting great confidence in the dexteritie and diligence of Hubert bishop of Salisburie whome he sent as ye haue heard into England to deale for the leuieng of the same he thought good to aduance the same bishop to the metropolitane sée of Canturburie which had beene vacant euer sithence the decease of archbishop Baldwine that died as ye haue heard in the holie land Herevpon writing to the bishops of
Nec sunt sub modio facta pudenda tuo Vernolium sumit testem fuga prima secunda Vindocinum noctem prima secunda diem Nocte fugam primam rapuisti manè secundam Prima metus vitio vÃque secunda fuit France twice thou fledst while Philip reignd the world dooth know thy shame For Vernueil witnesse beares of th' one next Vandosme knowes the same The first by night the next by day thy heart and force doo showe That first through feare and next by force was wrought thine ouerthrowe In this meane while certeine rebels in Guien as the lord Geffrey de Rancin or Rancon and the earle of Engolesme with their complices vpon confidence of the French kings assistance sore disquieted the countrie Howbeit the sonne of the king of line 10 Nauarre and brother to Berengaria the quéene of England entring into Guien with an armie wasted the lands of both those rebels till he was called home by reason of his fathers death which chanced about the same time Shortlie after Geffrey Rancin died and king Richard comming into his countrie wan the strong castell of Tailleburge by surrender which apperteined to the same Geffrey with others and then going against the other rebels he wan the citie of Engolesme from him by force of assault All line 20 which time the French king stirred not by reason that there was some communication in hand for a truce to be taken betwixt him and king Richard which by mediation of certeine bishops was shortlie after concluded to endure for twelue moneths The bishop of Elie was chéefe commissioner for the king of England and this truce was accorded about Lammas and serued to little purpose except to giue libertie to either prince to breath a little and in the meane time to prouide themselues of men munition line 30 ships monie that immediatlie after the terme was expired they might with greater force returne to the field againe for they had not onelie a like desire to follow the warres but also vsed a like meane and practise to leuie monie For whereas they had alreadie made the temporaltie bare with often paiments and calling them foorth to serue personallie in the warres they thought best now to fetch a fleece from the spiritualtie and churchmen considering also that they had béene by reason line 40 of their immunitie more gentlie dealt with and not appointed to serue themselues in any maner of wise To colour this exaction which they knew would be euill taken of manie they bruted abroad that they leuied this monie vpon purpose to send it into the holie land towards the paiment of the christian souldiers which remained there vpon the defense of those townes which yet the Saracens had not conquered King Richard therfore comming to Towrs in Touraine required a great summe of monie of the cleargie line 50 in those parts and the like request he made through out all those his dominions on that further side of the sea King Philip for his part demanded likewise intollerable tithes and duties of all the churchmen in his territories and those that had the gathering of that monie serued their owne turne in dealing most streightlie with sillie préests making them to paie what they thought good though sometime beyond the bounds of equitie and reason In September the iustices itinerants made their line 60 circuits thorough euerie shire and countie of this realme causing inquisitions to be taken by substantiall iuries of plées of the crowne both old and new of recognisances of escheats of wards of mariages of all maner of offendors against the lawes and ordinances of the relme and of all other transgressors falsifiers and murtherers of Iewes of the pledges goods lands debts and writings of Iewes that were slaine and of other circumstances touching that matter Likewise of the accompts of shiriffes as to vnderstand what had béene giuen towards the kings ransome how much had beene receiued and what remained behind to receiue Also of the lands that belonged to erle Iohn and what goods he had and what he held in demaine in wards escheats and in gifts and for what cause they were giuen Furthermore of his fautors and partakers which had made fines with the king and which not with manie other articles touching the same earle Also of vsurers and of their goods being seized of wines sold contrarie to the assise of false measures and of such as hauing receiued the crosse to go into the holie land died before they set forward Also of grand assises that were of an hundred shillings land or vnder and of defaults and of diuerse other things the iurats were charged to inquire and present the same The iustices also were appointed to cause the manours farmes and lands which the king held in demaine or by wards and escheats to be surueied by a substantiall iurie and to take order for the conuerting of them to such vse as the king might be answered of the gaines rising by the same at the farmers hands Also the Iewes were appointed to inroll all their debts pledges lands houses rents and possessions Moreouer inquisition was taken of iustices shiriffes bailiffes conestables foresters and other officers belonging to the king to vnderstand in what maner they had behaued themselues in taking and seizing of things into their hands and of all such goods gifts and promises had and receiued by occasion of leasure made of the lands of earle Iohn and his fautors and who receiued the same and what delaie was granted by commandement of Hubert archbishop of Canturburie then lord chéefe iustice In this meane time whilest these inquisitions were thus taken in England king Richard comming foorth of Poictou into Aniou caused all the bailiffes and officers of that countrie and also of Maine to fine with him for their offices After this when he came downe into Normandie he seemed in shew to be offended with his chancellour the bishop of Elie about concluding of the truce with the French king where as ye haue heard he was cheefe commissioner misliking greatlie all that was doone therein and therefore he tooke the seale from him and caused a new seale to be made commanding to be proclaimed thorough all his dominions that whatsoeuer had béene sealed with the old seale should stand in no force both for that his chancellor had wrought more vndiscreetlie than was conuenient and againe bicause the same seale was lost when Roger Malus Catulus his vicechancellour was drowned who perished among other by shipwracke néere to the I le of Cypres before the king arriued there being as then on his iournie into the holie land Therefore all men had commandement to come to this new seale that they might haue their charters and writings confirmed Furthermore whilest the truce yet lasted king Richard sailed ouer into England where he caused turneis to be exercised in diuerse places for the better training vp
distinguish the one from the other in taking their altitudes and places whereby in the end they found the new apparition as it were to wait vpon the planet and so continued by the space of certeine houres At length when the beholders of whom Wil. Paruus that recorded things in that age was one had well wearied their eies in diligent marking the maner of this strange appearance the counterfeit sunne vanished awaie ¶ This strange woonder was taken for a signification of that which followed that is to say of war famine and pestilence or to say the truth it betokened rather the continuance of two of those mischiefs For warre and famine had sore afflicted the people before that time and as yet ceassed not but as for the pestilence it began soone after the strange sight whereof insued such effect as I haue alreadie rehearsed Thus farre king Richard Iohn the yongest sonne of Henrie the second IOhn the yoongest son of Henrie the second was proclaimed king of England beginning his reigne the sixt daie of Aprill in the yeare of our Lord 1199 the first of Philip emperour of Rome and the 20 of Philip king of France K. William line 20 as yet liuing in gouernement ouer the Scots This man so soone as his brother Richard was deceassed sent Hubert archbishop of Canturburie and William Marshall earle of Striguill otherwise called Chepstow into England both to proclaime him king and also to sée his peace kept togither with Geffrey Fitz Peter lord cheefe iustice and diuerse other barons of the realme whilest he himselfe went to Chinon where his brothers treasure laie which was foorthwith deliuered vnto him by Robert de line 30 Turneham and therewithall the castell of Chinon and Sawmer and diuerse other places which were in the custodie of the foresaid Robert But Thomas de Furnes nephue to the said Robert de Turneham deliuered the citie and castell of Angiers vnto Arthur duke of Britaine For by generall consent of the nobles and yéeres of the countries of Aniou Maine and Touraine Arthur was receiued as the liege and souereigne lord of the same countries For euen at this present and so soone as it was line 40 knowne that king Richard was deceased diuerse cities and townes on that side of the sea belonging to the said Richard whilest he liued fell at ods among themselues some of them indeuouring to preferre king Iohn other labouring rather to be vnder the gouernance of Arthur duke of Britaine considering that he séemed by most right to be their chéefe lord forsomuch as he was sonne to Geffrey elder brother to Iohn And thus began the broile in those quarters whereof in processe of time insued great inconuenience and finallie the death of the said Arthur as shall be shewed hereafter Now whilest king Iohn was thus occupied in recouering his brothers treasure and traueling with his subiects to reduce them to his obedience quéene Elianor his mother by the helpe of Hubert archbishop of Canturburie and other of the noble men and barons of the land trauelled as diligentlie to procure the English people to receiue their oth of allegiance to be true to king Iohn For the said archbishop and William Marshall earle of Striguill being sent ouer into England as before you haue heard to proclaime him king and to kéepe the land in quiet assembled the estates of the realme at Northampton where Geffrey Fitz Peter lord chéefe iustice was present with other of the Nobles afore whom those lords whose fidelities were earst suspected willinglie tooke their oths of obedience to the new king and were assured by the same lords on his behalfe that they should find him a liberall a noble and a righteous prince and such a one as would sée that euerie man should inioy his owne and such as were knowne to be notorious transgressors should be sure to receiue their condigne punishment They sent Eustace de Uescie also vnto William king of Scotland to signifie to him that king Iohn vpon his arriuall in England would satisfie him of all such right as he pretended to haue within the English dominions And thus was king Iohn accompted and proclaimed king of England by the generall consent of all the lords and barons of the same The names of the cheefe of those péeres that were sworne as you haue heard are as followeth Dauid earle of Huntington brother vnto William king of Scots Richard earle of Clare Ranulfo earle of Chester William earle of Tutherie or rather Darbie Walran earle of Warwike Roger Lacie constable of Chester and William de Mowbraie with diuerse other whose names I here omit bicause I would not be tedious and irksome to the line 10 readers Now the king of Scotland being informed by the lord Eustace Uescie who had maried his daughter that there was some hope to be had on his part for the recouerie of such seigniories as he and his predecessours somtime held in England did further dispatch sundrie ambassadours with full purpose to send them ouer into Normandie vnto king Iohn there to require restitution of the countries of Northumberland and Cumberland with their appurtenances line 20 and he promised also by his letters that if the same might be granted vnto him in as ample manner as they had béene in times past to his ancestors he would gladlie doo his homage to king Iohn as to the true lawfull king of England for the same and furthermore yéeld to him his faithfull seruice against all men so often as he should be required thervnto Howbeit when the archbishop of Canturburie and the rest of the councell vnderstood that these ambassadors should passe through England they would line 30 not suffer them so to doo but spéedilie sent Dauid earle of Huntington into Scotland vnto the king his brother requiring him earnestlie that he would not send any ambassadours ouer as yet but rather tarie and take patience a while till the king should come ouer into England which as they said he purposed to doo verie shortlie King Iohn also hauing vnderstanding of his purpose sent ouer the said lord Eustace againe vnto him with the like request who in such wise persuaded him line 40 that he was contented to abide a time in hope of the better successe in his late attempted suit And all this was doone chéeflie by the working of the kings mother whom the nobilitie much honoured and loued For she being bent to prefer hir sonne Iohn left no stone vnturned to establish him in the throne comparing oftentimes the difference of gouernement betweene a king that is a man and a king that is but a child For as Iohn was 32 yeares old so Arthur duke of Britaine was but a babe to speake of In line 50 the end winning all the nobilitie wholie vnto hir will and séeing the coast to be cleare on euerie side without any doubt of tempestuous weather likelie to arise she signified the whole matter vnto K. Iohn who
with the king of France without either others consent first thereto had and that if after anie agréement taken betwixt them and the king of France he should chance to make warre against either of them then should the other aid and assist him against whom such warre should be made to the vttermost line 60 of his power This league was accorded to remaine for euer betwixt them and their heires with suerties sworne on either part and for the king of England these whose names insue William Marshall earle of Penbroke Ranulfe earle of Chester Robert earle of Leicester Baldwine earle of 〈◊〉 William earle of Arundell Ralfe earle of Augi Robert de Mellet Hugh de Gourney William de Kaeu Geffrey de Cella Roger câ—â—estable of Chester Ralfe Fitz Water William de Albanie Robert de Ras Richard de Montfichet Roger de 〈◊〉 Saer de Quincie William de Mâ—ntchenise Peter de Pratellis William de Pooâ—e alias de 〈◊〉 Adam de Port Robert de Turneham William Mallet Eustace de Uescie Peter de Brus William de Presennie Hubert de Burgh William de Maâ—sey and Peter Sauenie For the earle these were suerties Anselme de Kaeu Guy Lieschans Ralfe the said earles brother c. But now to returne After that the earle of Bullongne was expelled out of France as before ye haue heard he came ouer to king Iohn and was of him ioifullie receiued hauing thrée hundred pounds of reuenues in land to him assigned within England for the which he did homage and fealtie vnto him Shortlie after this also died William de Breuse the elder which fled from the face of king Iohn out of Ireland into France and departing this life at Corbell was buried at Paris in the abbeie of S. Uictor In the meane time pope Innocent after the returne of his legats out of England perceiuing that king Iohn would not be ordered by him determined with the consent of his cardinals and other councellours and also at the instant suit of the English bishops and other prelats being there with him to depriue king Iohn of his kinglie state and so first absolued all his subiects and vassals of their oths of allegiance made vnto the same king and after depriued him by solemne protestation of his kinglie administration and dignitie and lastlie signified that his depriuation vnto the French king and other christian princes admonishing them to pursue king Iohn being thus depriued forsaken and condemned as a common enimie to God and his churcâ— He ordeined furthermore that whosoeuer imploied goods or other aid to vanquish and ouercome that disobedient prince should remaine in assured peace of the church as well as those which went to visit the sepulchre of our Lord not onlie in their goods and persons but also in suffrages for sauing of their soules But yet that it might appeare to all men that nothing could be more ioifull vnto his holinesse than to haue king Iohn to repent his trespasses committed and to aske forgiuenesse for the same he appointed Pandulph which latelie before was returned to Rome with a great number of English exiles to go into France togither with Stephan the archbishop of Canturburie and the other English bishops giuing him in commandement that repairing vnto the French king he should communicate with him all that which he had appointed to be doone against king Iohn and to exhort the French king to make warre vpon him as a person for his wickednesse excommunicated Moreouer this Pandulph was commanded by the pope if he saw cause to go ouer 〈◊〉 England and to deliuer vnto king Iohn such letters as the pope had written for his better instruction and to séeke by all means possible to draw him from his naughtie opinion In the meane time when it was bruted through the realme of England that the pope had released the people absolued them of their oth of fidelitie to the king and that he was depriued of his gouernement by the popes sentence by little and little a great number both of souldiers citizens burgesses capteins and conestables of castels leauing their charges bishops with a great multitude of preests reuolting from him and auoiding his companie and presence secretlie stale awaie and got oueâ— into France Notwithstanding that diuerse in respect of the popes cursse and other considerations them 〈◊〉 otherlie refused in this manner to obeie king Iohn yet there werâ— manie others that did take his Part and mainteine his quarell verie earnestlie as his brother William earle of Salesburie Alberâ—ke de â—â—eere erle of Oxford Geffrey Fitz Peter lord chéefe iustice of England also thrée bishops Durham Winchester and Norwich Richard de Marish lord chancellour Hugh Neuill chiefe forrester William de Wroshing lord warden of the ports Robert Ueipount and his brother Yuan Brian de Lisle Geffrey de Lucie Hugh Ballioll and his brother Barnard William de Cantlow and his son William Fulke de Cantlow Reginald de Cornehull shiriffe of Kent Robert Braibrooke and his son Harrie Philip de Louecotes Iohn de Bassingborne Philip March line 10 Chatelaine of Notingham Peter de Maulley Robert de Gaugy Gerard de Athie and his nephue Ingelrand William Brewer Peter Fitz Hubert Thomas Basset and Foulks de Brianta Norman with many other too long here to rehearse who as fautors and councellors vnto him sought to defend him in all causes notwithstanding the censures of the church so cruellie pronounced against him knowing that they were bound in conscience to sticke to him now speciallie in this generall apostasie of his péeres and line 20 people For they were opinioned that it was Turpe referre pedem nec passu stare tenaci Turpe laborantem deseruisse ratem The same yeare king Iohn held his Christmasse at Windsor year 1212 and in the Lent following on midlent sundaie being at London he honoured the lord Alexander sonne and heire to the king of Scots with the high order of knighthood And as I find it mentioned by some writers wheras he vnderstood how there were diuerse in Scotland that contemning their naturall line 30 lord and king by reason of his great age king Iohn went thither with an armie to represse the rebels and being come thither he sent his men of war into the inner parts of the country who scowring the coasts tooke Guthred Macwilliam capteine of them that moued sedition whom king Iohn caused to be hanged on a paire of gallowes This Guthred was descended of the line of the ancient Scotish kings and being assisted with the Irishmen and Scots that fauoured not the race of the kings that presentlie line 40 reigned wrought them much trouble as his father named Donald had doone before him sometime secretlie vnder hand and sometime againe by way of open rebellion Shortlie after the Welshmen began to sturre also who rushing out of their owne confines fell vpon their next neighbours within the English marshes wasted the countrie and ouerthrew diuerse castels
and that all vniust lawes and ordinances should be abrogated line 30 It was also commanded that no shiriffe nor forrester nor other minister of the kings should vpon paine of life and limme take violentlie anie thing of any man by waie of extortion nor presume to wrong anie man or to fine anie man as they had afore time béene accustomed to doo After this the king being come backe from his iournie which he purposed to haue made into Poictow assembled an armie and ment to haue gone line 40 against those lords which had refused to go with him but the archbishop of Canturburie comming to him at Northampton sought to appease his mood and to cause him to staie but yet in his furious rage he went forward till he came to Notingham and there with much adoo the archbishop following him with threatning to excommunicate all those that should aid him procured him to leaue off his enterprise Then the archbishop about the fiue and twentith day of August came to London there to take aduise line 50 for the reformation of things touching the good gouernement of the common-wealth But here whilest the archbishop with other péeres of the realme deuised orders verie necessarie as was thought for the state of the common-wealth the king doubting least the same should be a bridle for him to restreine his authoritie roiall from dooing things to his pleasure he began to find fault and séemed as though he had repented himselfe of his large promises made for his reconciliation but the archbishop of Canturburie line 60 so asswaged his mood and persuaded him by opening vnto him what danger would insue both to him and to his realme if he went from the agreement that he was glad to be quiet for feare of further trouble In this hurlie burlie also the lords and péeres of the realme by the setting on of the archbishop were earnestlie bent to haue the king to restore and confirme the grant which his grandfather king Henrie the first had by his charter granted and confirmed to his subiects which to doo king Iohn thought greatlie preiudiciall to his roiall estate and dignitie The earle of Tholouse hauing lost all his possessions the citie of Tholouse onelie excepted came ouer into England rendred the said citie into the hands of king Iohn and receiued at his departure the summe of ten thousand marks as was reported by the bountifull gift of king Iohn Upon the second of October Geffrey Fitz Peter earle of Essex and lord cheefe iustice of England departed this life a man of great power and autoritie in whose politike direction and gouernement the order of things perteining to the common-wealth chéefelie consisted He was of a noble mind expert in knowledge of the lawes of the land rich in possessions and ioined in blood or affinitie with the more part of all the Nobles of the realme so that his death was no small losse to the commonwelth for through him and the archbishop Hubert the king was oftentimes reuoked from such wilfull purposes as now and then he was determined to haue put in practise in so much that the king as was reported but how trulie I cannot tell séemed to reioise for his death bicause he might now worke his will without anie to controll him The same time to wit about the feast of saint Michaell came Nicholas the cardinall of Tusculane into England sent from the pope to take awaie the interdiction if the king would stand to that agreement which he had made and promised by his oth to performe King Iohn receiued this cardinall in most honorable wise and gladlie heard him in all things that he had to saie This legat at his comming to Westminster deposed the abbat of that place named William from his roome for that he was accused both of wasting the reuenues of the house and also of notable incontinencie Moreouer the burgesses of the towne of Oxford came vnto him to obteine absolution of their offense in that through their presumption the thrée schollers of whom ye haue heard before were hanged there to the great terror of all the residue To be short they were absolued and penance inioined them that they should strip them out of their apparell at euerie church in the towne and going barefooted with scourges in their hands they should require the benefit of absolution of euerie parish preest within their towne saieng the psalme of Miserere After this the said cardinall called a councell or conuocation of the cleargie to reforme such things touching the state of the church as should be thought requisite And though he handled not this matter with such fauour and vprightnesse as the bishops wished on their behalfes yet he caused king Iohn to restore the most part of all those goods that remained vnspent and also the value of halfe of those that were consumed and made awaie vnto those persons as well spirituall as temporall from whom they had béene taken in time of the discord betwixt him and the pope But before all things could be thus quieted and set in order betwixt the king and the bishops manie méetings were had as at London Reading Wallingford and in other places Now the archbishop and prelates for their parts thought this recompense to be but small in respect of the great losses and hinderances which they had susteined and to haue the whole restitution delaied they tooke it not well Howbeit the cardinall leaned so to the kings side hauing receiued of him to the popes vse the charter of subiection of the realmes of England and Ireland now bulled with gold where at the first it was deliuered to Pandulph sealed onelie with wax But their suit came to little effect and in the end it fell out in such wise that their complaint was lesse regarded Moreouer the rating of the value which the king should restore vnto the archbishop and the other bishops was by agréement of the king and them togither appointed vnto foure barons indifferentlie chosen betwixt them At length notwithstanding that deuise tooke no place for it was otherwise decréed by the pope that the king should restore to them the summe of fortie thousand marks of the which he had paid alreadie twelue thousand before the returne of the said archbishop and bishops into the realme and fifteene thousand more at the late meeting had betwixt them at Reading so that there remained onelie 13000 behind for not onelie the king but also the cardinall had sent to the pope requiring him to take direction in the matter and to aduertise him that there was a line 10 great fault in the archbishop and his fellowes In so much that Pandulph which was sent to him from the legat declared in fauour of the king that there was not a more humble and modest prince to be found than king Iohn and that the archbishop and his fellowes were too hard and shewed themselues too couetous in requiring the
Hugh Bigod his chéefe iustice to be good and grafious lord vnto the citie and to mainteine the liberties thereof vnhurt Herewith the people for ioy made a great shout The eight day line 30 of Nouember he rode through the citie towards the sea side and vpon the thirtéenth daie of Nouember he tooke the sea at Douer and arriued at Whitsand and so from thence he rode vnto Paris where of the French king he was most honorablie receiued The cause of his going ouer was chéefelie to conclude some assured peace with the French king that he should not néed to doubt any forren enimies if he should come to haue warre with his owne people whereof he saw great likelihoods year 1260 and therefore he line 40 made such agreement with king Lewes as in the French historie more at large appeareth which to be short I here omit This one thing is here to be noted that besides the monie which king Henrie had in hand amounting to the summe of an hundred and fiftie thousand crownes for his resignation then made vnto Normandie Aniou and Maine it was accorded that he should receiue yearelie in name of a tribute the sum of ten thousand crownes ¶ Others write that he had line 50 three hundred thousand pounds of small Turon monie which he receiued in readie paiment and was promised restitution of lands to the value of twentie thousand pounds of yearelie rent and that after the decease of the French king that then was the countrie of Poictou should returne vnto the English dominion Some write that immediatlie after king Henrie had concluded his agréement he began to repent himselfe thereof and would neuer receiue penie of the monie nor leaue out in his stile the title line 60 of duke of Normandie But it is rather to be thought that such an agreement was at point to haue béene concluded or at the leastwise was had in talke but yet neuer concluded nor confirmed with hands and seales as it ought to haue beene if they had gone through with it In the meane time that king Henrie was thus occupied in France dissention fell in England betwéene prince Edward and Richard earle of Glocester for the appeasing whereof a parlement was called at Westminster to the which the lords came with great companies and speciallie the said prince and earle They intended to haue lodged within the citie but the maior going vnto the bishop of Worcester to sir Hugh Bigod and to sir Philip Basset vnto whome and to the archbishop of Canturburie the K. had committed the rule of the land in his absence required to know their pleasure herein Wherevpon they thought it good to haue the aduise of Richard the king of Almaine and therevpon went to him where they concluded that neither the said prince nor earle nor anie of their partakers should come within the citie the gates whereof were by the maiors appointment closed and kept with watch and ward both day and night Soone after also for the more safegard of the citie the gates were by the maiors appointment closed and kept with diligent watch and ward both day and night Soone after also for the more safegard of the said citie and sure kéeping of the peace the king of Almaine with the said sir Hugh and sir Philip came and lodged in the citie with their companies and such other as they would assigne to strengthen the citie if need required Wherin their prouident consent to withstand so foule a mischeefe as sedition might haue bred in the citie deserueth high commendation for it was the next waie to preserue the state thereof against all occasions of ruine to vnite harts and hands in so swéet an harmonie which the law of nature teacheth men to doo and as by this sage sentence is insinuated and giuen to vnderstand Manus manum lauat digitus digitum Vir virum ciuitas seruat ciuitatem Shortlie after the king returned out of France and about the feast of S. Marke came to London and lodged in the bishops palace And bicause of certeine rumors that were spred abroad sounding to some euill meaning which prince Edward should haue against his father the king brought ouer with him a great power of men in armes being strangers howbeit he brought them not into the citie but left them beyond the bridge in the parts of Surrie notwithstanding being entred the citie he so kept the gates and entries that none was permitted to enter but such as came in by his sufferance The earle of Glocester by his appointment also was lodged within the citie and the prince in the palace at Westminster Shortlie after by the kings commandement he remooued to S. Iohns all the other lords were lodged without the citie and the king of Almaine remooued againe to Westminster In which time a direction was taken betweene the said parties and a now assemblie and parlement assigned to be kept in the quindene of S. Iohn Baptist and after deferred or proroged till the feast of saint Edward at the which time all things were paciâ—â—ed a while but so as the earle of Glocester was put beside the roome which he had amongst other the peeres and so then he ioined in fréendship with the earle of Leiscester as it were by way of confederacie against the residue and yet in this last contention the said earle of Leicester tooke part with the prince against the earle of Glocester This yeare the lord William de Beauchampe the elder deceassed ¶ The lord Edward the kings sonne with a faire companie of knights and other men of armes passed the seas to exercise himselfe in iusts but he himselfe and his men were euill intreated in manie places so that they lost horsse armour and all other things to his great griefe and disliking as may be estéemed yet as some write he returned home with victorie in the iusts This yeare at Teukesburie a Iew falling by chance into a iakes vpon the saturdaie in reuerence of his sabboth would not suffer any man to plucke him foorth wherof the earle of Glocester being aduertiseâ— thought the christians should doo as much reuerence to their sabboth which is sundaie and therefore would suffer no man to go about to take him foorth that day and so lieng still till mondaie he was there found dead Diuers Noble men departed this life in this yeare as the earle of Albemarle the lord William Beauchampe Stephan de Longespee lord cheefe iustice of Ireland and Roger de Turkeby one of the kings chéese councellors and iustices of the land William de Kickham bishop of Durham and Iohn de Crakehale treasurer of England a spirituall man but rich beyond measure also Henrie de Ba another of the kings iustices of the bench In the 45 yeare of king line 10 Henries reigne Alexander king of Scotland came to London anon after the feast of S. Edward with a
faire companie of Scotishmen and shortlie after his wife the quéene of Scots came thither also Moreouer king Henrie kept a roiall feast at Westminster where he made to the number of foure score knights amongst whome Iohn sonne to the earle of Britaine who had maried the ladie Beatrice one of the kings daughters was there made knight Shortlie after was sir Hugh Spenser made lord line 20 chéefe iustice After Christmasse the K. comming into the towre of London year 1261 fortified it greatlie caused the gates of the citie to be warded sending forth commandement to his lords that they should come to the towre there to hold a parlement but they denied flatlie so to doo sending him word that if it pleased him they would come to Westminster where vsuallie the parlement had béene kept and not to any other place whervpon there rose dissention betwixt him and the barons line 30 After the feast of the Purification at a folkemote holden at Paules crosse where the king was present in person with the king of Almaine the archbishop of Canturburie and diuerse other of the Nobles commandement was giuen to the maior that euerie stripling of the age of 12 yeares and aboue should before his alderman be sworne to be true to the king and his hetres kings of England and that the gates of the citie should be kept with armed men as before by the king of Romans was deuised line 40 About Easter the barons of the land with consent of the péeres discharged sir Hugh Spenser of his office of chéefe iustice and placed in his roome sir Philip Basset without the kings assent he being not made priuie therevnto Wherevpon a new occasion of displeasure was ministred to kindle debate betwixt the king and his lords but by the policie of the king of Almaine and some prelats the matter was quieted for a time till after at Hallowentide next insuing which was the 46 yeare of K. Henries reigne line 50 At that time the barons tooke vpon them to discharge such shiriffes as the king had elected named gardians of the countries and shires and in their places put other shiriffes and besides that would not suffer the iustice which the king had admitted to doo his office in keeping his circuit but appointed such to doo it as it pleased them to assigne wherwith the king was so much offended that he laboured by all means to him possible about the disanulling of the ordinances made at Oxford and vpon the second sundaie in line 60 Lent he caused to be read at Paules crosse a bull obteined of pope Urbane the fourth year 1262 as a confirmation of an other bull before purchased of his predecessour pope Alexander for the absoluing of the king and all other that were sworne to the maintenance of the articles agrees vpon at Oxford This absolution he caused to be shewed through the realmes of England Wales Ireland giuing streight charge that if any person were found that would disobeâ—â— this absolution the same should be committed to prison there to remaine till the kings pleasure were further knowne Suerlie the most part of those péeres which had the rule of the king and kingdome thus in their hand perceiuing the enormitie that dailie grew of so manifold heads and gouernours were minded of themselues to dissolue those prouisions and ordinances so made at Oxford in somuch that there were but fiue which stiffelie stood in defense of the same that is to saie the bishop of Worcester and the earles of Leicester and Glocester with Henrie Spenser and Peter de Montfort the which by no meanes could be brought to confesse that they might with a safe conscience go contrarie to those ordinances which they had confirmed with their solemne oth notwithstanding the popes dispensation whereas the same oth was rather a bond of iniquitie as saith Matth. Westminster deuised to conspire against Christ and his annointed that is to saie their naturall liege lord and lawfull king than any godlie oth aduisedlie taken or necessarie to be receiued of good meaning subiects yea and of such a friuolous oth it is said that In aqua scribitur in puluere exaratur In Iune the king of Almaine tooke shipping and sailed ouer into Dutchland and king Henrie at a folkemote holden at Paules crosse the sundaie after S. Peters day had licence to saile into France and the morrow after he departed from London towards the sea side with the quéene and other lords his two sonnes prince Edward and the earle of Lancaster being at that present in Guien When he had béene a season in France he went vnto Burdeaux and there fell sicke of a feuer quartane by occasion whereof he taried in those parties till S. Nicholas tide next following There were few that went ouer with him that escaped frée without the same disease so that in maner all his companie were taken and fore handled therewith Manie died thereof to the number of thréescore and amongst them as chéefe were these Baldwine de Lisle earle of Deuonshire Ingram de Percie and William de Beauchampe In this yeare died Richard the Clare earle of Glocester and his sonne sir Gilbert de Clare was earle after him vnto whome his father gaue great charge that he should mainteine the ordinances of Oxford In the 47 yeare of king Henries reigne by reason that a Iew had wounded a christian man at London within Colechurch in the ward of cheap not onelie the said Iew was slaine by other christians that followed him home to his house but also manie other Iewes were robbed and slaine in that furie and rage of the people The Welshmen with their prince Leolin made wars against the men and tenants of Roger de Mortimer and tooke two of his castels the one called Kenet and raced them both to the ground The said Roger being sore gréeued herwith got such assistance as he could of other lords there in the marches and watching the Welshmen at aduantage distressed diuerse companies of them sometime thrée hundred sometime foure hundred and other whiles fiue hundred But at one time he lost thrée hundred of this footmen that were entred the countrie and so inclosed that they could make no shift to escape Upon the euen of S. Thomas the apostle the king landed at Douer year 1263 and came to London the Wednesdaie before the twelfe day in Christmasse In this yeare the frost began about S. Nicholas daie and continued for the space of a moneth and more so extreamelie that the Thames was frosen so that men passed ouer on horssebacke ¶ The same winter the kings little hall at Westminster with manie other houses therevnto adioining was consumed with fire by negligence of one of the kings seruants Uariance rose betwixt the citizens of London and the constable of the towre for that contrarie to the liberties of the citie he tooke
certeine ships passing by the towre with wheat and other vittels into the towre making the price thereof himselfe The matter was had before sir Philip Basset lord cheefe iustice and others who vpon the sight and hearing of all such euidences and priuiledges as could be brought foorth for the aduantage of both the parties tooke order that the constable should when he lacked prouision of graine or vittels come into the market holden within the citie and there to haue wheat two pence in a quarter within the maiors price and other vittels after the same rate Prince Edward the kings sonne returning from line 10 the parts beyond the sea went with a great power as well of Englishmen as strangers against the Welshmen towards Snowdon hils but the enimies withdrawing themselues to their strengths within the woods and mounteines he could not much indamage them wherevpon after he had fortified certeine castels in those parts with men numition and vittels he returned being sent for backe of his father The archbishop of Canturburie foreseeing the trouble that was like to insue betwixt the king and his line 20 barons got licence of the king to go vnto Rome about such businesse as he fained to haue to doo with the pope and so departed the land and kept him awaie till the trouble was appeased Upon Midlent sundaie at a folkemote holden at Paules crosse before sir Philip Basset and other of the kings councell the maior of London was sworne to be true to the king and to his heires kings of England and vpon the morrow at the Guildhall euerie alderman in presence of the maior tooke the same oth And vpon line 30 the sundaie following euerie inhabitant within the citie of the age of 12 yeares and aboue before his alderman in his ward was newlie charged with the like oth Then began the displeasure betwéene the king and his barons to appeare which had béene long kept secret diuers of whom assembling togither in the marches of Wales gathered vnto them a power of men and sent a letter vnto the king vnder the seale of sir Roger Clifford beséeching him to haue in remembrance line 40 his oth and manifold promises made for the obseruing of the statutes ordeined at Oxford But although this letter was indited and written verie effectuallie yet receiued they no answer from the king who minded in no wise to obserue the same statutes as by euident takens it was most apparant Wherevpon they determined to attempt by force to bring their purpose to passe The king and the quéene for their more safegard got them into the towre of London and prince Edward laie at Clerkenwell line 50 but in such necessitie and discredit for monie that neither had they any store to furnish their wants neither was there any man that would trust them with a groat Prince Edward not able to abide such dishonor in the feast of the apostle Peter and Paule taking with him Robert Waleran and certeine others went to the new temple and there easling for the kéeper of the treasure-house as if he meant to see his mothers iewels that were laid vp there to be safelie line 60 kept he entred into the house and breaking the coffers of certeine persons that had likewise brought their monie thither to haue it in more safetie he tooke away from thence the value of 1000 pounds ô quantum cogit egestas Magnum pauperies opprobrium iubet Quiduis facere pati Virtutisque viam deserit arduae The citizens of London were so offended herewith that they rose in armour against him and other of the kings councell in somuch that they assailed the lodging of the lord Iohn Gray without Ludgate and tooke out of his stables 32 horsses and such other things as they might laie hold vpon kéeping such stur that the lord Gray himselfe was forced to flie beyond Fleetbridge The like rule they kept at the house of Iohn de Passelew Iohn Mansell departing foorth of the towre to the Thames with the countesse de Lisle and other ladies that were strangers borne sailed into France and landed at Whitsand where the said Mansell hearing that the lord Henrie sonne to the king of Almaine that then held with the barons was in those parts he caused the lord Ingram de Fines to staie him as prisoner and so he remained till king Henrie vpon the agreement betwixt him and the barons found meanes to get him released and so then he returned into England But now touching the barons they procéeded in their businesse which they had in hand with all earnest diligence of whome these were the chéefe that vndertooke this matter yoong Humfrie de Boun the lord Henrie son to the king of Almaine Henrie Montford Hugh Spenser Baldwin Wake Gilbert Gifford Richard Gray Iohn Ros William Marmion Henrie Hastings Haimon le Strange Iohn Fitz Iohn Godfrey Lucie Nicholas Segraue Roger de Leiborne Iohn Uesie Roger de Clifford Iohn de Uaus Gilbert de Clare Gilbert de Lacie and Robert Uepont the which with one generall consent elected for their chéefe capteins and generall gouernours Simon de Mountfort earle of Leicester Gilbert of Clare earle of Glocester and Robert Ferreis earle of Darbie and Iohn earle of Warren On the kings part these persons are named to stand with him against the other First Roger Bigod erle of Norffolke and Suffolke Humfrie de Boun earle of Hereford Hugh Bigod lord cheefe iustice Philip Basset William de Ualence Geffrey de Lucignan Peter de Sauoy Robert Walrand Iohn Mansell Geffrey Langley Iohn Gray William Latimer Henrie Percie and manie other The barons notwithstanding hauing assembled their powers resolued to go through with their purpose The first enterprise they made was at Hereford where they tooke the bishop of that sée named Iohn Breton and as manie of his canons as were strangers borne After this they tooke sir Matthew de Bezilles shiriffe of Glocester a stranger borne and kéeping on their waie towards London with baners displaied so manie as came within their reach whom they knew to be against the maintenance of the statutes of Oxford they spoiled them of their houses robbed them of their goods and imprisoned their bodies hauing no regard whether they were spirituall men or temporall In diuerse of the kings castels they placed such capteins and soldiers as they thought conuenient 〈◊〉 placed others whom they either knew or suspected to be aduersaries to their purpose About Midsummer when they drew néere to London they sent a letter to the maior and aldermen vnder the seale of the earle of Leicester willing to vnderstand whether they woulâ—â—bserue the acts and statâ—tes establishâ—d at Oxford or else aid and assist such persons as meant the breath of the same And herewith they sent vnto them â— copie of those articles with a prouiso that if any of them were preiudiciall or in any wife
means we haue at length by aduise of our peruerse counsell defied our said lord the K. of England and haue put our selues out of his allegiance and homage sent our people into England to burne houses to take spoiles to commit murther with many other damages and also in fortifieng the kingdome of Scotland which is of his fee putting and establishing armed men in townes castels and other places to defend the land against him to deforce him of his fee for the which transgressions our said souereigne lord the king entring into the realm of Scotland with his power hath conquered and taken the same notwithstanding al that we could do against him as by right he may do as a lord of his fee bicause that we did render vnto him our homage and made the foresaid rebellion We therfore as yet being in our full power and free will doo render vnto him the land of Scotland and all the people therof with the homages In witnesse whereof we haue caused these letters patents to be made Yeuen at Brechin the tenth day of Iulie in the fourth yeare of our reigne sealed with the common seale of the kingdome of Scotland After this king Edward went forward to see the mounteine countries of Scotland the bishop of Durham euer kéeping a daies iournie afore him At line 10 length when he had passed through Murrey land and was come to Elghin perceiuing all things to be in quiet he returned towards Berwike and comming to the abbeie of Scone he tooke from thence the marble stone wherevpon the kings of Scotland were accustomed to sit as in a chaire at the time of their coronation which king Edward caused now to be transferred to Westminster and there placed to serue for a chaire for the priest to sit in at the altar The king comming to Berwike called thither vnto line 20 a parlement all the nobles of Scotland and there receiued of them their homages the which in perpetuall witnesse of the thing made letters patents thereof written in French and sealed with their seales as the tenor here followeth The instrument of the homages of the lords of Scotland to K. Edward A Touz ceux que cestes lettres verront ou orront c. To all those that these present letters shall see or heare we Iohn Comin of Badenaw c. Bicause that we at the faith and will of the most noble prince and our dearest lord Edward by the grace of God king ofEngland lord of Ireland and duke of Aquitaine doo vow and promise for vs and our heires vpon paine of bodie and goods and of all that we may haue that we line 40 shall serue him well and trulie against all men which may liue and die at all times when we shall be required or warned by our said lord the king of England or his heires and that we shall not know of any hurt to be doone to them but the same we shall let and impeach with all our power and giue them warning thereof and those things to hold and keepe we bind vs our heires and all our goods and further receiue line 50 an oth thereof vpon the holie euangelists and after all we and euerie of vs haue done homage vnto our souereigne lord the king ofEngland in words as followeth I become your liegeman of life members and earthlie honour against all men which may liue and die And the same our souereigne lord the king receiued this homage vnder this forme of words We receiue it for the land of the which you be now seized the line 60 right of vs or other saued and except the lands which Iohn Balioll sometime king of Scotland granted vnto vs after that we did deliuer vnto him the kingdome of Scotland if happilie he hath giuen to you any such lands Moreouer all we and euerie of vs by himselfe haue done fealtie to our said souereigne lord the king in these words I as a faithfull liege man shall keepe faith and loialtie vnto Edward king ofEngland and to his heires of life member and earthlie honor against all men which may liue and die and shall neuer for any person beare armour nor shall be of counsell nor in aid with any person against him or his heires in any case that may chance but shall faithfullie acknowledge and doo the seruice that belongeth to the tenements the which I claime to hold of him as God me helpe and all his saints In witnesse wherof these letters patents are made and signed with our seales Yeuen at Warke the foure and twentith of March in the 24 yeare of the reigne of our said lord the king of England Then was Iohn Warren earle of Surrey and Sussex made by king Edward warden of Scotland Hugh Cressingham treasurer and William Ormesbie high iustice whome the king commanded that he should call all those before him which held any lands of the crowne and to receiue of them in his name their homages and fealties Iohn Balioll the late king of Scotland was sent to London and had a conuenient companie of seruants appointed to attend him hauing licence to go any whither abroad so that he kept himselfe within the circuit of twentie miles néere to London Iohn Comin of Badenaw and Iohn Comin of Lowan and diuerse nobles of Scotland were brought into England on the south side of Trent being warned vpon paine of death not to returne into Scotland till the king had made an end of his wars with France After this at his returne into England king Edward held a parlement at saint Edmundsburie which began the morrow after the feast of All saints in which the citizens burgesses of good townes granted vnto him an eighth part of their goods and of the residue of the people a twelfth part The cleargie by reason of a constitution ordeined and constituted the same yeare by pope Boniface prohibiting vpon paine of excommunication that no talages nor other exactions should be leuied or exacted of the cleargie in any manner of wise by secular princes or to be paid to them of things that perteined to the church vtterlie refused to grant any manner of aid to the king towards the maintenance of his wars Wherevpon the king to the intent they should haue time to studie for a better answer deferred the matter to an other parlement to be holden on the morrow after the feast of saint Hilarie This yeare after the feast of the Epiphanie Elizabeth the kings daughter was married vnto king Iohn earle of Holland Humfrey de Bohun earle of Hereford and Essex was sent to conueie them into Holland there to take possession of the earledome as then descended vnto the said Iohn by the death of his father latelie before slaine by his owne subiects bicause he would haue disherited this Iohn and made a bastard sonne which he had to be his heire ¶ The day appointed for the parlement to be
holden at London being come and the cleargie continuing in their deniall to grant any subsidie the king excluded them out of his protection for the redeeming whereof manie by themselues and manie by mediators did afterwards giue vnto the king a fift part of all their goods The archbishop of Canturburie being found stiffe in the matter the king seized all his lands and commanded all such debts as were found of his in the rolles of the excheker to be leuied with all spéed of his goods and cattell Some write that when the archbishop of Canturburie in name of all the residue had declared to them whom the king had appointed commissioners to receiue the answer that whereas they of the cleargie had two souereigne lords and gouernours the one in spirituall matters and the other in temporall yet they ought rather to obeie their spirituall gouernour than their temporall Neuerthelesse to satisfie the kings pleasure they would of their owne charges send to the pope that by his licence and permission they might grant the king some aid or else receiue some answer from him what to doo therein for saith the archbishop we beléeue that the king feareth the sentence of excommunication and would be as glad to auoid it as we When the commissioners heard this answer they required that they would appoint some of their owne companie to beare this message vnto the king for they durst not report it to him which being doone as the commissioners had required the king in his furie line 10 procéeded against them in such rigorous manner as ye haue heard in somuch that the lord chéefe iustice sitting vpon the bench spake openlie these words You sirs that be attornies of my lords the archbishops bishops abbats priors and all other the cleargie declare vnto your masters and tell them that from hencefoorth there shall no iustice be doone vnto them in the kings court for any manner of thing although neuer so heinous wrong be doone vnto them but iustice shall be had against them to euerie one line 20 that will complaine and require to haue it Henrie de Newarke the elect bishop of Yorke with the bishops of Durham Elie and Salisburie with certeine other fearing the kings indignation thus kindled against them ordeined to laie downe in the churches a fift part as ye haue heard of all their goods towards the defense of the realme and maintenance of the kings warres in such time of great necessitie and so the king receiuing it they were restored to the kings protection againe The freends of line 30 the bishop of Lincolne found means that the shiriffe of the shire leuied and tooke the fift part of all his goods and restored to him againe his lands and possessions Also all the monasteries within his diocesse and within the whole prouince of Canturburie were seized into the kings hands and wardens appointed which onelie ministred necessarie finding vnto the moonks and other religious persons and conuerted the ouerplus vnto the kings vse Wherevpon the abbats and priors were glad to follow the court and sued line 40 to redéeme not their sins but their goods with giuing a fourth part thereof The cleargie suffered manie iniuries in that season for religious men were spoiled and robbed in the kings high waie and could not haue any restitution nor remedie against them that thus euill intreated them till they had redéemed the kings protection Persons and vicars and other of the cleargie when they rode foorth any whither were glad to apparell themselues in laie mens garments so to passe through the countrie in safetie line 50 The archbishop of Canturburie lost all the goods that he had for he would neither agree to giue any thing nor to laie any thing downe in the church that the king might receiue it Wherevpon he was brought to such extreme miserie that all his seruants went from him commandement was giuen foorth that no man should receiue him neither within monasterie nor without and so not hauing any one place of all his bishoprike where to laie his head he remained in the house of a poore person onelie with line 60 one priest and one clearke yet he stiffelie stood in the matter affirming certeinlie that all those which granted any thing either to the king or to any other temporall person without the popes leaue ran without doubt into the danger of the sentence pronounced in the canon About the feast of S. Matthew in Februarie the king called a parlement of his nobles not admitting thereto any of the cleargie at Salisburie and there required certeine of his Nobles to passe ouer into Gascoine but euerie of them séemed to excuse himselfe whereat the king being mooued threatened that they should either go or he would giue their lands to other that would go with which words manie of them were gréeuouslie offended in so much that the earles of Hereford and Marshall Humfrie Bohun and Roger Bigod declared that they would be readie to go with the king if he went himselfe or else not And when the earle Marshall was eftsoones required to go he answered I will willinglie go with the king and march before him in the fore ward as by right of inheritance I am bound Yea saith the king and you shall go with other though I go not I am not so bound saith the earle neither doo I purpose to take the iournie in hand with you The king then in a great chafe burst out sware By God sir earle either thou shalt go or hang. And I sweare saith the earle the same oth that I will neither go nor hang and so he departed from the king without leaue taking Immediatlie herevpon those two earles assembled manie noble men and other of their fréends togither to the number of thirtie banerets and aboue so that in all they were found to be fifteene hundred men of armes appointed and readie for battell and herewith they withdrew into their countries and kept such stir there that they would not permit the kings officers to take neither wools leather nor any thing against the owners will but forbad them on paine of loosing their heads to come within their roomes and withall prepared themselues to resist if need were In this meane time the warre was prosecuted in Gascoine ¶ The thursdaie before the Purification of our ladie Henrie earle of Lincolne and the lord Iohn saint Iohn departing from Baion towards Bellegard a place besieged as then by the earle of Arthois to succour them within the same with vittels whereof they stood in néed as they approched to a wood distant from the fortresse thrée miles they diuided themselues into two seuerall battels the lord Iohn saint Iohn leading the first and the earle of Lincolne the second The lord saint Iohn therefore hauing passed the wood with his battell and entring into the plaine fields was incountred by the earle of Arthois who tarried there for
laie at Dunfersing the most part of the winter and whilest he laie there the queene which had lien a long time at Tinmouth came to him and when the winter was once past the king himselfe came to the siege and caused certeine engins of wood to be raised vp against the castell which shot off stones of two or thrée hundred weight but yet would not they within once talke of any surrender And where the Englishmen filled the ditches with wood and boughs of trées they set the same on fire and burnt them to ashes at length the ditches were filled with stones and earth so that then the Scots within perceiuing themselues in euident perill to loose the castell on saint Margarets daie they yéelded themselues simplie into the kings hands as the English writers affirme though the Scotish writers record the contrarie Finallie when the king had ordered all his businesse in Scotland at his pleasure he returned into England leauing in Scotland for warden the lord Iohn Segraue or as other writers haue sir Aimer de Ualence earle of Penbroke At his comming to Yorke he caused the iustices of his bench and the barons of the excheker to remoue with their courts and all their clearks and officers togither with the lord chancellor and his court to London that the termes might be kept there as in times past they had béene whereas now the same had remained at Yorke aboue the space of six yeares vpon this consideration that the king and his councell might be néere vnto Scotland to prouide for the defense thereof as occasion from time to time should require From Yorke he came to Lincolne and there remained all the winter holding a councell in the which he eftsoones confirmed the articles of Magna charta touching the liberties priuileges and immunities of his subiects the which to declare their thankfull minds towards him for the same granted to him for the space of one yéere the fifteenth part of all their reuenues Others write that the king had in this yeare of citizens and of the burgesses of good townes the sixt penie according to the valued rate of their goods About the same time Thomas Colebrugh or Corbridge archbishop of Yorke departed this life and one William Greenefield doctour of both the lawes succéeded him ¶ There died about the same time that valiant knight the lord W. Latimer ¶ Also Iohn Warren earle of Surrey and Sussex died this yéere was buried at Lewes His nephue by his son named also Iohn succéeded him obteining to wife the kings néece by his daughter Elianor that was married to the earle of Bar as before ye haue heard Likewise Robert Bruce earle of Carrike the fift of that name died this yeare who was father to that Robert Bruce that was after K. of Scots ¶ Moreouer about this season the king ordeined certeine commissioners of iusticiaries to make inquisitions through the realme by the verdict of substantiall iuries vpon all officers as maiors shiriffes bailiffes exchetors and other that had misused themselues in their offices either by extortion briberie or otherwise to the gréeuance of the people contrarie to that they rightlie might doo and iustifie by vertue of their offices by means of which inquisitions manie were accused and found culpable and therevpon put to gréeuous fines Also the iustices which were assigned to take these inquisitions extended the same according to their commission against such as had made intrusions into other mens lands and for doubt to be impleaded for the same had made alienations ouer into the hands of great men also against such barretors as vsed to take monie to beat any man and againe would not sticke to take monie of him whom they had so beaten to beat him that first hired them to beat the other The malice of such maner people was now restreined by force of these inquisitions for such as were found culpable were worthilie punished some by death and some by ransoms diuerse also for feare to come to their answers fled the realme also forfeits against the crowne were streightlie looked vnto found out and leuied by reason whereof great summes of monie came to the kings coffers which holpe well towards the maintenance and charges of his warres This kind of inquisition was named commonlie Traile baston which signifieth Traile or draw the staffe And forsomuch as the proceeding in this wise against such misdemenors as then were vsed brought so great a benefit to the realme in restreining such malefactors which greatlie as should séeme disquieted the state of the commonwealth I haue thought good to set downe the substance of the same as followeth An extract of the foresaid writ as it is registred in the booke that belonged to the abbeie of Abington line 10 REx dilectis fidelibus suis Radulfo filio Wilhelmi Iohanni de Barton de Riton salutem Quia quà m plures malefactores pacis nostrae perturbatores homicidia depraedationes incendia alia damna quà m plurima nocte diéque perpetrantes vagantur in boscis parcis alijs locis diuersis tam infra libertates quà m extra in comitatu Eboracensi line 20 ibidem receptantur in maximum periculum tam hominum per partes illas transeuntium quà m ibidem commorantium in nostri contemptum ac pacis nostrae laesionem manifestam vt accepimus per quorum incursum poterunt peiora peioribus de facili euenire nisi remedium super hoc citiùs apponatur nos eorum malitiae in hac parte obuiare huiusmodidamnis periculis praecauere volentes assignamus vos ad inquirendum per sacramentum tam militum quà m aliorum proborum legalium line 30 hominum de contemptu praedicto tam infra libertates quà m extra per quos ipsa veritas meliùs sciri poterit qui sint illi malefactores pacis nostrae perturbatores eos conduxerunt conducunt ad verberandum vulnerandum malè tractandū interficiendum plures de regno nostro in ferijs mercarijs alijs locis in dicto comitatu pro inimicitia inuidia aut malitia Et etiam pro eo quòd in assisis iuratis recognitionibus inquisitionibus line 40 factis de felonijs positifuerant veritatem dixerunt vnde per conditionem huiusmodi malefactorum iuratores assisarum iurationum recognitionum inquisitionum illarum pro timore dictorum malefactorum eorum minarum saepiùs veritatem dicere seu dictos malefactores indictare minimè ausifuerunt sunt Et ad inquirendum de illis qui huiusmodi munera dederunt dant quantum quibus qui huiusmodi munera receperunt à quibus qualiter quo modo line 50 qui huiusmodi malefactores fouent nutriunt manutenent in comitatu praedicto ad ipsos malefactores tamper vos quà m per vicecomitem nostrum comitatus praedicti arrestandos
prisonae nostrae liberandos saluò securè in eadem per vicecomitem comitatus praedicti custodiendos it a quòd ab eadem prisona nullo modo deliberentur sine mandato nostro speciali line 60 Et ideo vobis mandamus quòd ad certos diem locum quos ad hoc prouideritis inquisitiones illas faciatis Et assumpto vobiscum sufficienti passe comitatus praedicti si necesse fuerit dictos malefactores coram vobis sic indictatos arrestetis ipsos prisonae nostrae liberetis informa praedicta etiam omnia bona catalla ipsorum malefactorū qui se subtraxerint fugam fecerint postquam de felonijs aliquibus coram vobis solenniter indictati fuerint per vicecomitem comitatus praedicti in manum nostram capiatis ea ad opus nostrum saluò custodire faciatis donec aliud inde vobis praeceperimus Mandamus enim vicecomiti nostro comitatus praedicti quòd ad certos diem locum quos vos prouidere duxeritis venire faciat coram vobis tot tales tam milites quà m alios quos habere decreueritis de comitatu illo tam infra libertates quà m extra per quos ipsa veritas meliùs sciri poterit inquiri Et quod omnes illos quos per inquisitionem culpabiles inuenire contigerit quos vos sic liberaueritis à nobis recipiantur quorum nomina eis scire faciatis assumpto secum sufficienti posse comitatus praedicti sine dilatione arrestari in prisona nostra saluò securè custodire faciat in forma praedicta communitati dicti comitatus quod simul cum vicecomite praedicto vobis quotienscúnque opus fuerit in praemissis pareat assistat intendat prout eis iniungetis ex parte nostra In cuius reitestimonium c. ¶ Heerevnto were annexed certeine articles by way of instructions of what points they should inquire as partlie aboue is noted out of the addition to Matthew West but not so fullie as in the said chronicle of Abington is found expressed and heere for breefenesse omitted In the three and thirtith yeare of his reigne king Edward put his sonne prince Edward in prison bicause that he had riotouslie broken the parke of Walter Langton bishop of Chester and bicause the prince had doone this déed by the procurement of a lewd and wanton person one Péers Gauaston an esquire of Gascoine the king banished him the realme least the prince who delighted much in his companie might by his euill and wanton counsell fall to euill and naughtie rule Moreouer the same yeare William Waleis was taken and deliuered vnto king Edward who caused him to be brought to London where on S. Bartholmewes euen he was conueied through the streets vnto Westminster and there arreigned of hie treason and condemned and therevpon hanged drawne and quartered his head was set ouer London bridge his right side ouer the bridge at Newcastell vpon Tine his left side was sent to Berwike and there set vp his right leg was sent to S. Iohns towne and his left vnto Aberden in which places the same were set vp for an example of terror to others Also about the same time the king of France required the king of England by messengers and letters sent vnto him that he would banish all the Flemings out of his realme in like manner as at his instance he had latelie before banished all the Scotishmen out of France The king of England was contented so to doo and by that means were all the Flemings auoided out of this land at that season but shortlie after they returned againe King Edward accused Robert archbishop of Canturburie vnto the pope for that he should go about to trouble the quiet state of the realme and to defend and succour rebellious persons wherevpon the said archbishop being cited to the popes consistorie was suspended from executing his office till he should purge himselfe by order of law of such crimes as were laid and obiected against him The king also obteined an absolution of the pope of the oth which against his will he had taken for the obseruing of the liberties exacted by force of him by the earls and barons of his realme namelie touching disforrestings to be made This yeare Robert Bruce contriuing waies how to make himselfe king of Scotland the nine twentith day of Ianuarie slue the lord Iohn Comin at Dunfrice whilest the kings iustices were sitting in iudgement within the castell there and vpon the day of the Annunciation of our ladie caused himselfe to be crowned king of Scotland at Scone where the countesse of Boughan that was secretlie departed from hir husband the earle of Boughan and had taken with hir all his great horsses was readie to set the crowne vpon R. Bruces head in absence of hir brother the earle of Fife to whom being in England soiourning at his manor of Whitwike in Leicestershire that office of right apperteined This countesse being afterwards taken the same yeare by the Englishmen where other would haue had hir put to death line 10 the king would not grant thervnto but commanded that she should be put in a cage made of wood which was set vpon the walles of the castell of Berwike that all such as passed by might behold hir too slender a punishment for so great an offense But the king counted it no honour to be seuere against that sex whom nature tendereth though malefactors and therfore was content with a mild correction tending rather to some shame than smart to recompense hir offense line 20 whereby she procured against hir selfe no lesse reproch than she susteined agréeable to the old saieng Saepe suum proprium fecit puer ipse flagellum There were present at his coronation foure bishops fiue earles and a great multitude of people of the land Immediatlie vpon the newes brought to the king of Bruces coronation he sent foorth a power of men vnder the conduct of the earle of Penbroke and of the lord Henrie Percie the lord Robert Clifford and others to resist the attempts of the Scots now readie to worke some mischéefe through line 30 the incouragement of the new king Edward prince of Wales was made knight this yeare at London upon Witsundaie a great number of other yoong bachelers with him 297 as Abington writeth the which were sent streightwaies with the said prince towards Scotland to ioine with the earle of Penbroke to resist the attempts of the new king Robert le Bruce and his complices King Edward himselfe followed The generall assemblie of the armie was appointed at Carleill fiftéene daies after the Natiuitie line 40 of saint Iohn Baptist from thence to march foorth vnder the guiding of the prince into Scotland In the meane time Robert le Bruce went abroad in the countries of Scotland receiued the homages of manie Scotishmen and got togither an
and lord chamberlaine of the realme through whose companie and societie he was suddenlie so corrupted that he burst out into most heinous vices for then vsing the said Peers as a procurer of his disordred dooings he began to haue his nobles in no regard to set nothing by their instructions and to take small héed vnto the good gouernement of the commonwealth so that within a while he gaue himselfe to wantonnes passing his time in voluptuous pleasure and riotous excesse and to helpe them forward in that kind of life the foresaid Peers who as it may be thought he had sworne to make the king to forget himselfe and the state to the which he was called furnished his court with companies of iesters ruffians flattering parasites musicians and other vile and naughtie ribalds that the king might spend both daies and nights in iesting plaieng banketing and in such oother filthie and dishonorable exercises and moreouer desirous to aduance those that were like to him selfe he procured for them honorable offices all which notable preferments and dignities sith they were ill bestowed were rather to be accounted dishonorable than otherwise both to the giuer and the receiuer sith Sufficiens honor est homini cùm dignus honore est Qâ—i datur indigno non est honor est oâ—us imò Iudibrium veluti in scena cùm ludius est rex Quippe honor est soli virtuti debitamerces About the thirteenth day of October a parlement was holden at Northampton in the which it was ordeined by the kings appointment that the coine of his father king Edward should be still currant notwithstanding the basenesse thereof as some reputed it and therefore it was mooued in the parlement to haue it disanulled ¶ Also order was taken for the buriall of his fathers corpse which was solemnelie conueied from Waltham and brought to Westminster the seauen and twentith day of October following where with all funerall pompe it was interred Moreouer at â—he same parlement a marriage was concluded betwixt the earle of Cornewall Peers de Gaueston and the daughter of Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester which he had by his wife the countesse Ioane de Acres the kings sister which marriage was solemnized on All hallowes day next insuing About the two and twentith of Ianuarie the king sailed ouer into France and at Bullongne in Picardie on the foure and twentith day of Ianuarie he did homage to the French king for his lands of Gascoine and Pontieu and on the morrow after maried Isabell the French kings daughter and on the seauenth of Februarie he returned with hir into England and comming to London was ioifullie receiued of the citizens and on the fiue and twentith daie of Februarie being Shrouesundaie in the leape yeare they were solemnlie crowned by the bishop of Winchester bicause that Robert the archbishop of Canturburie was not as then within the realme There was such prease and throng of people at this coronation that a knight called sir Iohn Bakewell alià s Blackwell was thrust or crowded to death ¶ On the day of the circumcision this yeare a great tempest of thunder and lightning began about euensong time that continued the most part of the night following line 10 On wednesdaie after the Epiphanie the knights templers in England were apprehended all in one day by the kings commandement vpon suspicion of hainous crimes great enormities by them practised contrarie to the articles of the christian faith The order of their apprehension was on this wise The king directed his writs vnto all and euerie the shiriffes of counties within the realme that they should giue summons to a certeine number of substantiall line 20 persons knights or other men of good accompt to be afore them at certeine places within their gouernements named in the same writs on the sunday the morrow after the Epiphanie then next insuing and that the said shiriffes faile not to be there the same day in their owne persons to execute that which in other writs to them directed and after to be sent should be conteined The date of this writ was the fifteenth of December The second writ was sent by certeine chapleins line 30 in which the shiriffes were commanded vpon the opening of the same foorthwith to receiue an oth in presence of the said chapleins to put in execution all that was therein conteined and not to disclose the contents to any man till they had executed the same with all expedition and therewith to take the like oth of those persons whom by vertue of the first writ they had summoned to appeare afore them An other writ there was also framed sent by the same chapleins by the which the said shiriffes were commanded to line 40 attach by their bodies all the templers within the precinct of their gouernements and to seize all their lands and goods into the kings hands togither with their writings charters deeds and miniments and to make thereof a true inuentarie and indenture in presence of the warden of the place whether he were brother of that order or any other in presence of honest men being neighbors of which indenture one part to remaine in the custodie of the said warden and the other with the shiriffe vnder his seale that line 50 should so make seizure of the said goods and further that the said goods and chattels should be put in safe custodie and that the quicke goods and cattell should be kept and found of the premisses as should séeme most expedient and that their lands and possessions should be manured and tilled to the vttermost commoditie Further that the persons of the said templers being attached in manner as before is said should be safelie kept in some competent place out of their line 60 owne houses but not in streight prison but in such order as the shiriffes might be sure of them to bring them foorth when he should be commanded to be found in the meane time according to their estate of their owne goods so seized and hereof to make a true certificat vnto the treasurer and barons of the excheker what they had doone concerning the premisses declaring how manie of the said templers they had attached with their names and what lands and goods they had seized by vertue of this precept The date of these two last writs was from Biâ—let the 20 of December and the returne thereof to be made vnto the excheker was the morrow after the Purification There were writs also directed into Ireland as we haue there made mention and likewise vnto Iohn de Britaine earle of Richmond the lord warden of Scotland to Eustace de Cotesbach chamberleine of Scotland to Walter de Pederton iustice of Westwales and to Hugh Aldighle alià s Audlie iustice of Northwales to Robert Holland iustice of Chester vnder like forme and maner as in Ireland we haue expressed The malice which the lords had conceiued against the earle
of the said Robert Holland their side was much weakened it was concluded that they should go to the castell of Dunstanborough and there remaine till they might purchase the kings pardon sith their enterprise thus quailed vnder their hands and herewith setting forward that waie foorth they came to Borough bridge where sir Andrew de Herkley with the power of the countesse of Cumberland and Westmerland had forlaid the passage and there on a tuesdaie being the 16 of March he setting vpon the barons in the end discomfited them and chased their people In this fight was sâ—aine the earle of Hereford the lord William de Sullie with sir Roger de Bourghfield and diuerse others And there were taken Thomas earle of Lancaster the lord Roger Clifford son to that lord Roger which died in the battell of Bannockesborne in Scotland the lord Gilbert Talbot the lord Iohn â—owbraie the lord Hugh de Willington the lord Thomas â—anduit the lord Warren de Lisle the lord Phillip Darcie the lord Thomas Wither the lord Henrie de Willington the lord Hugh de Knouill the lord Philip de Beche the lord Henrie de Leiborne the lord Henrie de Bradborne the lord Iohn de Beckes the lord Thomas Louell the lord William fitz William Robert de Wateuille Iohn de Strikeland Odnell Heron Walter Pauelie of Stretton and a great number of other esquires and gentlemen This battell was fought on the fiftéenth day of March in the yeare 1322 after the accompt of them that begin the yeare at the Circumcision line 10 which was in the said fiftéenth yé ere of this kings reigne The bodie of the earle of Hereford was sent to Yorke two friers of the order of preachers being appointed to looke to it till the king tooke order for the burieng of it The lord Clifford also bicause he was wounded with an arrow was sent vnto Yorke At the same time the lord Henrie Percie tooke the lord Henrie Tieis and Iohn de Goldington knight with two esquires and within a few daies after Donald de Mar tooke the lord Bartholomew de Badelismere line 20 the lord Hugh Audelie the yoonger the lord Iohn Gifford the lord William Tucheâ— and in maner all those which escaped by flight from this battell were taken in one place or other by such of the kings seruants and fréends as pursued them Upon the one and twentith of March came sir Andrew de Harkley vnto Pomfret bringing with him the earle of Lancaster and other prisoners The king was come thither a few daies before and had the castell yeelded to him by the constable that not manie daies past was line 30 appointed to the kéeping thereof by the earle which earle now being brought thither captiue was mocked scorned and in derision called king Arthur On the morrow after being mondaie the two and twentith of March he was brought before these noble men Edmund earle of Kent Iohn earle of Richmond Aimer earle of Penbroke Iohn erle of Surrie Edmund earle of Arundell Dauid earle of Atholl Robert earle of Anegos the lord Hugh Spenser line 40 the father the lord Robert de Malmesthorp iustice and others with them associate before whome he was arreigned of high treason for that he had raised warre against the king and defended the passage of Burton bridge for the space of thrée daies togither against him and after when it was perceiued that the king had passed the riuer he with Humfrie de Bohun earle of Hereford and other their complices like traitors set fire on the said towne and cruellie burnt part of the houses and men of the same towne and after the said earle of Lancaster with his complices line 50 arranged himselfe in field with his armie and banners displaid readie to fight against the king till that perceiuing the kings power to be ouerstrong for him his partakers to resist he togither with them fled committing by the waie diuerse felonies and robberies till they came to Burrough bridge where finding certeine of the kings faithfull subiects readie to resist them they assailed the said faithfull subiects with force of armes and banners displaied slaieng line 60 diuerse of them till finallie the said earle of Lancaster was caught and other of his complices some taken some slaine and the residue put to flight so that there wanted no good will in the said earle of Lancaster and others whie the king should not haue béene vanquished Which treasons murthers burning of houses destroieng of the kings people being plainlie manifestlie knowne to the earls barons lords and other people of the land the said earle of Lancaster was therevpon adiudged to die according to the law in such cases prouided that is to be drawne hanged and headed But bicause he was the queenes vncle and sonne to the kings vncle he was pardoned of all saue heading and so accordinglie therevnto suffered at Pomfret the two and twentith of March. Thus the king séemed to be reuenged of the displeasure doone to him by the earle of Lancaster for the beheading of Peers de Gaueston earle of Cornewall whom he so déerelie loued and bicause the erle of Lancaster was the chéefe occasioner of his death the king neuer loued him entirelie after ¶ So that here is verified the censure of the scripture expressed by the wisedome of Salomon that the anger and displeasure of the king is as the roring of a lion and his reuenge ineuitable Wherefore it is an hie point of discretion in such as are mightie to take héed how they giue edge vnto the wrath of their souereigne which if it be not by submission made blunt the burthen of the smart insuing will lie heauie vpon the offendor euen to his vtter vndooing and losse perhaps of life In this sort came the mightie earle of Lancaster to his end being the greatest péere in the realme and one of the mightiest earles in christendome for when he began to leauie warre against the king he was possessed of fiue earledomes Lancaster Lincolne Salisburie Leicester and Derbie beside other seigniories lands and possessions great to his aduancement in honor and puissance But all this was limited within prescription of time which being expired both honour and puissance were cut off with dishonour and death for O mutable state Inuida fatorum series summÃsque negatum Stare diu On the same day the lord William Tuchet the lord William fitz William the lord Warren de Lisle the lord Henrie Bradborne and the lord William Chenie barons with Iohn Page an esquire were drawne and hanged at Pomfret aforesaid and then shortlie after Roger lord Clifford Iohn lord Mowbraie and sir Gosein d' Eeuill barons were drawne and hanged at Yorke At Bristow in like manner were executed sir Henrie de Willington and sir Henrie Montfort baronets and at Glocester the lord Iohn Gifford and sir William Elmebridge knight and at London the lord Henrie Teies baron at Winchelsie sir Thomas
arriued at length in Scotland where he atchiuing great victories as in the Scotish chronicle yée may read more at large was finallie crowned king of that realme It may séeme a woonder to manie that the king of England would permit Edward Balioll to make his prouision thus in England and to suffer his people to aid him against his brother in law king Dauid that had married his sister as before ye haue heard Indéed at the first he was not verie readie to grant their suit that mooued it but at length he was contented to dissemble the matter in hope that if Edward Balioll had good successe he should then recouer that againe which by the conclusion of peace during his minoritie he had through euill counsell line 10 resigned out of his hands The Scots neuerthelesse in December chased their new king Edward Balioll out of Scotland so that he was faine to retire into England and celebrated the feast of the Natiuitie at Carleill in the house of the friers minors and the morrow after being S. Stephans day he went into Westmerland where of the lord Clifford he was right honorablie receiued to whome he then granted Douglas Dale in Scotland which had béene granted to the said lord Cliffords grandfather in the daies line 20 of king Edward the first if he might at anie time recouer the realme of Scotland out of his aduersaries hands year 1333 After this he went and laie a time with the ladie of Gines that was his kinsewoman Finallie about the téenth day of March hauing assembled a power of Englishmen and Scotishmen he entred Scotland and besieged the towne of Berwike during the which siege manie enterprises were attempted by the parties and amongst other the Scots entred line 30 England by Carleill dooing much mischiefe in Gillesâ—and by burning killing robbing and spoiling The king aduertised hereof thought himselfe discharged of the agréement concluded betwixt him and Dauid Bruce the sonne of Robert Bruce that had married his sister therfore tooke it to be lawfull for him to aid his coosen Edward Balioll the lawfull K. of Scots And herewith assembling an armie came to the siege of Berwike togither with his brother Iohn of Eltham earle of Cornewall and other noble men séeking line 40 by all meanes possible how to win the towne and finallie discomfited an armie of Scots which came to the rescue theerof vpon Halidon hill in sleaing of them what in the fight and chase seuen earles nine hundred knights and baronets foure hundred esquiers and vpon 32 thousand of the common people and of Englishmen were slaine but 15 persons as our English writers make mention The Scotish writers confesse that the Scotishmen lost the number of 14 thousand line 50 On the morrow following being S. Margarets day the towne of Berwike was rendered vnto king Edward with the castell as in the Scotish chronicle ye may read with more matter touching the siege and battell aforesaid and therfore here in few words I passe it ouer King Edward hauing thus sped his businesse left a power of men with Edward Balioll vnder the conduct of the lord Richard Talbot and returned himselfe backe into England appointing the lord Percie to be gouernor of the towne of Berwike line 60 and sir Thomas Grey knight his lieutenant The lord Iohn Darcie lord chéefe iustice of Ireland leauing the lord Thomas Bourgh his deputie in that countrie passed ouer with an armie into Scotland to aid the king who as ye haue heard was there the same time in person And so by the king on one side and by the Irishmen on an other Scotland was subdued and restored vnto Balioll who the morrow after the octaues of the Natiuitie of our ladie held a parlement at saint Iohns towne in the which he reuoked and made void all acts which the late king of Scots Robert Bruce had inacted or made and further ordeined that all such lands and possessions as the said Bruce had giuen to any maner of person should be taken from them and restored to the former and true inheritour In this yeare about the twelfth of October Simon Mepham archbishop of Canturburie departed this life in whose place succeeded Iohn Stretford being remooued from the see of Winchester whereof he was bishop before that he was thus called to the see of Canturburie After Candlemas the king of England repaired towards Yorke there to hold a parlement to the which beginning on the mondaie in the second wéeke in Lent when Edward Balioll doubting to be surprised by his aduersaries could not come yet he sent the lord Henrie de Beaumont and the lord William de Montacute to make excuse for him The king of England passing further into the north parts held his Whitsuntide at Newcastell vpon Tine with great roialtie and shortlie after Edward Balioll king of Scots came thither and vpon the nintéenth daie of Iune made his homage vnto the king of England and sware vnto him fealtie in the presence of a great number of Nobles and gentlemen there assembled as to his superiour and chiefe lord of the realme of Scotland binding himselfe by that oth to hold the same realme of the king of England his heires and successors for euer He also gaue and granted vnto the king of England at that time fiue counties next adioining vnto the borders of England as Berwike and Rocksburgh Peplis and Dunfres the townes of Hadington and Gedworth with the castell the forrests of Silkirke Etherike and Gedworth so as all these portions should be cléerelie separated and put apart from the crowne of Scotland and annexed vnto the crowne of England for euer And these things were confirmed and roborated with oth scepter and witnesse sufficient Which things doone in due order as was requisite the king of England returned home and the kings went backe into Scotland And then were all such lords restored againe to their lands and possessions in Scotland which in the daies of Edward the second had béene expelled from the same and now they did their homage vnto the king of Scotland for those lands as apperteined ¶ Immediatlie after the king of England called a councell of his lords spirituall and temporall at Notingham commanding them to meet him there about the thirtéenth daie of Iulie there to consult with him of weightie causes concerning the state of the realme This yeare on saint Clements daie at night which fell on the thrée and twentith of Nouember through a maruellous inundation rising of the sea all alongst by the coasts of this realme but especiallie about the Thames the sea bankes or walles were broken and borne downe with violence of the water and infinite numbers of beasts and cattell drowned fruitfull grounds and pastures were made salt marishes so as there was no hope that in long time they should recouer againe their former fruitfulnesse In this meane time the French king was
feare anie such thing and this accordinglie was doone they hauing the keies of the gates and of all the strong chambers turrets and places within the Tower sent vnto them On the fridaie the duke of Glocester the earls of Derbie and Notingham came to the king where he was set in a pauillion richlie arraied and after their humble salutations done and some talke had betwixt them they went at the kings request with him into his chamber where they recited vnto him the conspiracie of their aduersaries through which they had béen indicted They also shewed forth the letters which he had sent to the duke of Ireland to leauie an armie vnto their destruction Likewise the letters which the French king had written to him conteining a safe conduct for him to come into France there to confirme things to the diminishing of his honor to the decaie of his power losse of his fame ¶ During the time of this communication also the earle of Derbie desired the king to behold the people that were assembled in sight before the Tower for the preseruation of him and his realme which he did and maruelling to sée such a goodlie armie and strength as he declared to them no lesse the duke of Glocester said vnto him Sir this is not the tenth part of your willing subiects that haue risen to destroie those false traitors that haue misled you with their wicked and naughtie counsell The king being brought to his wits end aswell with those things which the lords had charged him with as otherwise with the sight of that great multitude of people seemed greatlie amazed Wherevpon the lords vnder condition that the next daie he should come to Westminster to heare more of their minds and to conclude further for the behoofe of the common-wealth of the realme began to take leaue of him meaning so to depart but the king desired them to tarrie all night with him and the quéene The duke thinking to make all sure made excuse that he durst not be absent from all those folks which they had brought with them for feare that some disorder line 10 might arise either in the armie or in the citie yet at the kings instance the earles of Notingham and Derbie taried there all night The king before his going to bed was quite turned concerning his determination and promise made to go the next daie to Westminster through such whispering tales as was put into his eares by some that were about him telling him that it stood neither with his safetie nor honour so lightlie to agree to depart from the tower vnto such place as the lords had thus appointed him line 20 to serue more for their purpose than for suertie of his person When the lords therefore vnderstood that he would not keepe promise with them they were greatlie offended insomuch as they sent him flat word that if he would not come according to promise they would suerlie choose another king that would and ought to obeie the faithfull counsell of his lords The king with this message being touched to the quicke to satisfie their minds and to auoid further perill remooued the line 30 next morning vnto Westminster where the lords comming before his presence after a little other talke they declared vnto him that aswell in respect of his owne honour as the commoditie wealth of his kingdome it was behouefull that such traitors and most wicked slanderous persons as were nothing profitable but hurtfull to him and his louing subiects should be remooued out of his court and that other that both could and would serue him more honorablie and faithfullie were placed in their roomes line 40 The king although sore against his mind when he saw how the lords were bent and that he wanted power to withstand their pleasures condescended to doo what they would haue him So when he had granted thereto they iudged that Alexander Neuill archbishop of Yorke Iohn Fourdham bishop of Durham lord tresuror Thomas Rushoke a frier of the order of the preachers bishop of Chichester and confessor to the king were worthie to be auoided the court But the archbishop of Yorke line 50 and the bishop of Chichester would abide no reckonings but got them out of the waie and fled it was not knowne whither The lords did expell out of the court the lord Zouâ—h of Haringworth the lord Burnell the lord Beaumont Albrey de Uéer Baldwin de Bereford Richard Aderburie Iohn Worth Thomas Clifford and Iohn Louell knights These were dismissed out of the court and remooued from the king but not discharged for they were constreined to put in suerties to appeare at the next parlement line 60 There were also certeine ladies expelled the court as those that were thought to doo much harme about the K. to wit the ladie Poinings wife to Iohn Worth of Mowen and the ladie Moulinge with others which also found suerties to answer at the next parlement to all such things as might be obiected against them Moreouer there were arrested and committed to seuerall prisons sir Simon Burlie William Elmham Iohn Beauchampe of Holt steward of the kings house sir Iohn Salisburie sir Thomas Triuet sir Iames Barneis sir Nicholas Dagworth and sir Nicholas Brambre knights Also Richard Clifford Iohn Lincolne Richard Mitford the kings chapleins and Nicholas Sclake deane of the kings chappell whose word might doo much in the court There was also apprehended Iohn Blake an apprentise of the law all which persons were kept in streict ward till the next parlement in which they were appointed to stand vnto their triall and answers Shortlie after to wit the morrow after the Purification of our ladie the parlement began the which was named the parlement that wrought woonders The king would gladlie haue proroged the time of this parlement if by anie meanes he might The lords came to the same parlement with a sufficient armie for their owne safeties On the first day of this parlement were arrested as they sat in their places all the iustices except sir William Skipworth as sir Roger Fulthrop sir Robert Belknap sir Iohn Carie sir Iohn Holt sir William Brooke and Iohn Alocton the kings sergeant at law all which were sent to the tower and there kept in seuerall places The cause whie they were thus apprehended was for that where in the last parlement diuerse lords were made gouernours of the realme both by the assent of the same parlement and also by the aduise and counsell of all the iustices then being and indentures tripartite thereof made of the which one part remained with the king an other with the lords so chosen to gouerne the realme and the third part with the iustices and yet notwithstanding the said iustices at a councell holden at Notingham as yee haue heard before did go contrarie to that agreement Wherevpon it was now determined that they should make answer to their dooings Moreouer
destitute of sobrietie and wisedome and therfore could not like of him that so abused his authoritie Herevpon there were sundrie of the nobles that lamented these mischéefes and speciallie shewed their greefes vnto such by whose naughtie counsell they vnderstood the king to be miâ—â—ed and this they did to the end that they being about him might either turne their copies and giue him better counsell or else he hauing knowledge what euill report went of him might mend his maners misliked of his nobles But all was in vaine for so it fell out that in this parlement holden at Shrewsburie Henrie duke of Hereford accused Thomas Mowbraie duke of Norfolke of certeine words which he should vtter in talke had betwixt them as they rode togither latelie before betwixt London and Brainford sounding highlie to the kings dishonor And for further proofe thereof he presented a supplication to the king wherein he appealed the duke of Norfolke in field of battell for a traitor false and disloiall to the king and enimie vnto the realme This supplication was red before both the dukes in presence of the king which doone the duke of Norfolke tooke vpon him to answer it declaring that whatsoeuer the duke of Hereford had said against him other than well he lied falselie like an vntrue knight as he was And when the king asked of the duke of Hereford what he said to it he taking his hood off his head said My souereigne lord euen as the supplication which I tooke you importeth right so I saie for truth that Thomas Mowbraie duke of Norfolke is a traitour false and disloiall to your roiall maiestie your crowne and to all the states of your realme Then the duke of Norfolke being asked what he said to this he answered Right déere lord with your fauour that I make answer vnto your coosine here I saie your reuerence saued that Henrie of Lancaster duke of Hereford like a false and disloiall traitor as he is dooth lie in that he hath or shall say of me otherwise than well No more said the king we haue heard inough and herewith commanded the duke of Surrie for that turne marshall of England to arrest in his name the two dukes the duke of Lancaster father to the duke of Hereford the duke of Yorke the duke of Aumarle constable of England and the duke of Surrie marshall of the realme vndertooke as pledges bodie for bodie for the duke of Hereford but the duke of Northfolke was not suffered to put in pledges and so vnder arrest was led vnto Windsor castell and there garded with kéepers that were appointed to sée him safelie kept Now after the dissoluing of the parlement at Shrewsburie there was a daie appointed about six wéeks after for the king to come vnto Windsor to heare and to take some order betwixt the two dukes which had thus appealed ech other There was a great scaffold erected within the castell of Windsor for the king to sit with the lords and prelats of his realme and so at the daie appointed he with the said lords prelats being come thither and set in their places the duke of Hereford appellant and the duke of Norfolke defendant were sent for to come appeare before the king sitting there in his seat of iustice And then began sir Iohn Bushie to speake for the king declaring to the lords how they should vnderstand that where the duke of Hereford had presented a supplication to the king who was there set to minister iustice to all men that would demand the same as apperteined to his roiall maiestie he therefore would now heare what the parties could say one against an other and withall the king commanded the dukes of Aumarle and Surrie the one being constable and the other marshall to go vnto the two dukes appellant and defendant requiring them on his behalfe to grow to some agréement and for his part he would be readie to pardon all that had beene said or doone amisse betwixt them touching anie harme or dishonor to him or his realme but they answered both assuredlie that it was not possible to haue anie peace or agréement made betwixt them When he heard what they had answered he commanded line 10 that they should be brought foorthwith before his presence to heare what they would say Herewith an herald in the kings name with lowd voice commanded the dukes to come before the king either of them to shew his reason or else to make peace togither without more delaie When they were come before the king and lords the king spake himselfe to them willing them to agree and make peace togither for it is said he the best waie ye can take The line 20 duke of Norfolke with due reuerence herevnto answered it could not be so brought to passe his honor saued Then the king asked of the duke of Hereford what it was that he demanded of the duke of Norfolke and what is the matter that ye can not make peace togither and become friends Then stood foorth a knight who asking and obteining licence to speake for the duke of Hereford said Right deare and souereigne lord here is Henrie of Lancaster duke of Hereford and earle of Derbie line 30 who saith and I for him likewise say that Thomas Mobwraie duke of Norfolke is a false and disloiall traitor to you and your roiall maiestie and to your whole realme and likewise the duke of Hereford saith and I for him that Thomas Mowbraie duke of Norfolke hath receiued eight thousand nobles to pay the souldiers that keepe your towne of Calis which he hath not doone as he ought and furthermore the said duke of Norfolke hath béene the occasion of all the treason that hath beene contriued in your realme line 40 for the space of these eighteene yeares by his false suggestions and malicious counsell he hath caused to die and to be murdered your right déere vncle the duke of Glocester sonne to king Edward Moreouer the duke of Hereford saith and I for him that he will proue this with his bodie against the bodie of the said duke of Norfolke within lists The king herewith waxed angrie and asked the duke of Hereford if these were his woords who answered Right déere lord they are my woords and hereof I require line 50 right and the battell against him There was a knight also that asked licence to speake for the duke of Norfolke and obteining it began to answer thus Right déere souereigne lord here is Thomas Mowbraie duke of Norfolke who answereth and saith and I for him that all which Henrie of Lancaster hath said and declared sauing the reuerence due to the king and his councell is a lie and the said Henrie of Lancaster hath falselie and wickedlie lied as a false and disloiall knight and line 60 both hath béene and is a traitor against you your crowne roiall maiestie realme This will I proue and defend as becommeth a loiall knight to
him that he at his going into Ireland exacted manie notable summes of monie beside plate and iewels without law or custome contrarie to his oth taken at his coronation 20 Item where diuerse lords and iustices were sworne to saie the truth of diuerse things to them committed in charge both for the honor of the relme and profit of the king the said king so menaced them with sore threatenings that no man would or durst saie the right 21 Item that without the assent of the nobilitie he caâ—â—ed the iewels plate and treasure ouer into Ireland to the great impouerishment of the realme and all the good records for the common-wealth and againsâ— his extortions he caused priuilie to be imbesiled and conueâ—ed awaie 22 Item in all leagues and letters to be concluded or sent to the sée of Rome or other regions his writing was so subtill and darke that none other prince once beléeued him nor yet his owne subiects 23 Item he most tyrannousâ—ie and vnprincelie said that the liues and goods of all his subiects were in his hands and at his disposition 24 Item that contrarie to the great charter of England he caused diuerse lustie men to appeale diuerse old men vpon matters determinable at the common law in the court Martiall bicause that line 10 there is no triall but onelie by battell wherevpon the said aged persons fearing the sequele of the matter submitted themselues to his mercie whome he fined and ransomed vnreasonablie at his will and pleasure 25 Item he craftilie deuised certeine priuie othes contrarie to the law and caused diuerse of his subiects first to be sworne to obserue the same and after bound them in bonds for kéeping of the same to the great vndooing of manie honest men line 20 26 Item where the chancellor according to the law would in no wise grant a prohibition to a certeine person the king granted it vnto the same vnder his priuie seale with great threatenings if it should be disobeied 27 Item he banished the bishop of Canturburie without cause or iudgement and kept him in the parlement chamber with men of armes 28 Item the bishops goods he granted to his successor vpon condition that he should mainteine all line 30 his statutes made at Shrewesburie anno 21 and the statutes made anno 22 at Couentrie 29 Item vpon the accusation of the said bishop the king craftilie persuaded him to make no answer for he would be his warrant and aduised him not to come to the parlement and so without answer he was condemned and exiled and his goods seized These be all the articles of anie effect which were laid against him sauing foure other which touched onelie the archbishops matter whose working line 40 wroong king Richard at length from his crowne Then for so much as these articles and other heinous and detestable accusations were laid against him in open parlement it was thought by the most part that he was worthie to be deposed from all kinglie honor and princelie gouernement and to bring the matter without slander the better to passe diuerse of the kings seruants which by licence had accesse to his person comforted him being with sorrow almost consumed and in manner halfe dead in the best wise line 50 they could exhorting him to regard his health and saue his life And first they aduised him willinglie to suffer himselfe to be deposed and to resigne his right of his owne accord so that the duke of Lancaster might without murther or battell obteine the scepter and â—iademe after which they well perceiued he gaped by meane whereof they thought he might be in perfect assurance of his life long to continue Whether this their persuasion procéeded by the suborning of line 60 the duke of Lancaster and his fauourers or of a sincere affection which they bare to the king as supposing it most sure in such an extremitie it is vncerteine but yet the effect followed not howsoeuer their meaning was notwithstanding the king being now in the hands of his enimies and vtterlie despairing of all comfort was easilie persuaded to renounce his crowne and princelie preheminence so that in hope of life onelie he agreed to all things that were of him demâ—nded And so as it should seeme by the copie of an instrument hereafter following he renounced and voluntarilie was deposed from his roiall crowne and kinglie dignitie the mondaie being the nine and twentith daie of September and feast of S. Michaell the archangell in the yeare of our Lord 1399 and in the thrée and twentith yeare of his reigne The copie of which instrument here insueth A copie of the instrument touching the declaration of the commissioners sent from the states in parlement vnto king Richard THis present indenture made the nine and twentith daie of September and feast of saint Michaell in the yeare of our Lord 1399 and the three and twentith yeare of king Richard the second Witnesseth that where by the authoritie of the lords spirituall and temporall of this present parlement and commons of the same the right honorable and discreet persons heere vnder named were by the said authoritie assigned to go to the Tower of London there to heare and testifie such questions and answers as then and there should be by the said honourable and discreet persons hard Know all men to whome these present letters shall come that we sir Richard Scroope archbishop of Yorke Iohn bishop of Hereford Henrie earle of Northumberland Rafe earle of Westmerland Thomas lord Berkeleie William abbat of Westminster Iohn prior of Canturburie William Thirning and Hugh Burnell knights Iohn Markham iustice Thomas Stow and Iohn Burbadge doctors of the ciuill law Thomas Erpingham and Thomas Grey knights Thomas Ferebie and Denis Lopeham notaries publike the daie and yeere aboue said betweene the houres of eight and nine of the clocke before noone were present in the cheefe chamber of the kings lodging within the said place of the Tower where was rehearsed vnto the king by the mouth of the foresaid earle of Northumberland that before time at Conwaie in Northwales the king being there at his pleasure and libertie promised vnto the archbishop of Canturburie then Thomas Arundell and vnto the said earle of Northumberland that he for insufficiencie which he knew himselfe to be of to occupie so great a charge as to gouerne the realme of England he would gladlie leaue of and renounce his right and title as well of that as of his title to the crowne of France and his maiestie roiall vnto Henrie duke of Hereford and that to doo in such conuenient wise as by the learned men of this land it should most sufficientlie be deuised ordeined To the which rehearsall the king in our said presences answered benignlie and said that such promise he made and so to do the same he was at that houre in full purpose to performe and fulfill sauing that he desired first to haue personall speach with the said
of the parlement had well considered the voluntarie resignation of king Richard and that it was behoouefull and as they thought necessarie for the weale of the realme line 20 to proceed vnto the sentence of his deposing there were appointed by the authoritie of all the estates there in parlement assembled the bishop of saint Asaph the abbat of Glastenburie the earle of Glocester the lord Berkleie William Thirning iustice and Thomas Erpingham with Thomas Graie knights that they should giue and pronounce the open sentence of the deposing of king Richard Whervpon the said commissioners taking counsell togither by good and deliberate aduise therein had with line 30 one assent agréed that the bishop of S. Asaph should publish the sentence for them and in their names as followeth The publication of king Richards deposing IN the name of God Amen We Iohn bishop of S. Asaph Iohn line 40 abbat of Glastenburie Thomas earle of Glocester Thomas lord Berkeleie William Thirning iustice Thomas Erpingham Thomas Graie knights chosen and deputed speciall commissaries by the three states of this present parlement representing the whole bodie of the realme for all such maâ—â—ers by the said estates to vs committed we vnderstanding and considering the manifold crimes line 50 hurts and harmes doone by Richard king of England and misgouernance of the same by a long time to the great decaie of the said land and vtter ruine of the same shortlie to haue beene had not the speciall grace of our God therevnto put the sooner remedie and also furthermore aduerting that the said king Richard by acknowledging his owne insufficiencie hath of his line 60 owne meere voluntee and free will renounced and giuen ouer the rule gouernance of this land with all rights and honours vnto the same belonging and vtterlie for his merits hath iudged himselfe not vnwoorthilie to be deposed of all kinglie maiestie and estate roiall We the premisses well considering by good and diligent deliberation by the power name and authoritie to vs as aboue is said committed pronounce decerne and declare the same king Richard before this to haue beene and to be vnprofitable vnable vnsufficient and vnwoorthie of the rule and gouernance of the foresaid realms and lordships and of all rights and other the appurtenances to the same belonging And for the same causes we depriue him of all kinglie dignitie and worship and of any kinglie worship in himselfe And we depose him by our sentence definitiue forbidding expresselie to all archbishops and bishops and all other prelats dukes marquesses erles barons and knights and all other men of the foresaid kingdome and lordships subiects and lieges whatsoeuer they be that none of them from this daie forward to the foresaid Richard as king and lord of the foresaid realmes and lordships be neither obedient nor attendant After which sentence thus openlie declared the said estates admitted foorthwith the forenamed commissioners for their procurators to resigne and yeeld vp vnto king Richard all their homage and fealtie which in times past they had made and owght vnto him and also for to declare vnto him if need were all things before doone that concerned the purpose and cause of his deposing the which resignation was respited till the morow following Immediatlie as the sentence was in this wise passed and that by reason thereof the realme stood void without head or gouernour for the time the duke of Lancaster rising from the place where before he sate and standing where all those in the house might behold him in reuerend manner made a signe of the crosse on his forhead and likewise on his brest and after silence by an officer commanded said vnto the people there being present these words following The duke of Lancaster laieth challenge or claime to the crowne IN the name of the Father and of the Sonne of the Holie-ghost I Henrie of Lancaster claime the realme of England and the crowne with all the appurtenances as I that am descended by right line of the blood comming from that good lord king Henrie the third and through the right that God of his grace hath sent me with the helpe of my kin and of my freends to recouer the same which was in point to be vndoone for default of good gouernance and due iustice After these words thus by him vttered he returned and sate him downe in the place where before he had sitten Then the lords hauing heard and well perceiued this claime thus made by this noble man ech of them asked of other what they thought therein At length after a little pausing or staie made the archbishop of Canturburie hauing notice of the minds of the lords stood vp asked the commons if they would assent to the lords which in their minds thought the claime of the duke made to be rightfull and necessarie for the wealth of the realme and them all whereto the commons with one voice cried Yea yea yea After which answer the said archbishop going to the duke and knéeling downe before him on his knée addressed to him all his purpose in few words The which when he had ended he rose taking the duke by the right hand led him vnto the kings seate the archbishop of Yorke assisting him and with great reuerence set him therein after that the duke had first vpon his knées made his praier in deuout manner vnto almightie God When he was thus placed in his throne to the great reioising of the people the archbishop of Canturburie began a breefe collation taking for his theme these words written in the first booke of kings the ninth chapter Vir dominabitur in populo c handling the same the whole tenour of his tale to the praise of the king whose setled iudgement grounded wisedome perfect reason and ripe discretion line 10 was such said he as declared him to be no child neither in yeares nor in light conditions but a man able and méete for the gouernement of a realme so that there was no small cause of comfort ministred to them through the fauourable goodnesse of almightie God which had prouided them of such a gouernor as like a discréet iudge shall déeme in causes by skilfull doomes and rule his subiects in vpright equitie setting apart all wilfull pleasures and childish inconstancie This is a summarie of his oration But because the qualitie of this volume is such as that it line 20 hath set foorth matters at large I will laie downe the archbishops words as they are recorded by Fabian in ample manner as followeth The archbishop of Canturburie his oration framed vpon this text Vir dominabitur in populo c written in the first booke of kings and ninth chapter THese be the words of the high and most mightie king speaking to Samuel his prophet teaching him how he should choose and ordaine a gouernor of his people of Israell when the said people asked of him a king to rule them And not
so long as he bare the scepter The lord Reginald Graie of Ruthen by reason of his manour of Ashleie in Norfolke couered the tables and had for his fees all the tableclothes as well those in the hall as else-where when they were taken vp notwithstanding a petition exhibited by sir Iohn Draiton to haue had that office The same lord Graie of Ruthen bare the kings great spurs before him in the time of his coronation by right of inheritance as heire to Iohn Hastings earle of Penbroke Iohn erle of Summerset by the kings assignement bare the second sword before him at his coronation albeit that the said lord Graie of Ruthen by petition exhibited before the lord steward demanded the same office by reason of his castell tower of Penbroke and of his towne of Denbigh Thomas earle of Arundell cheefe butler of England obteined to exercise that office the daie of the coronation and had the fées thereto belonging granted to him to wit the goblet with which the king was serued and other things to that his office apperteining the vessels of wine excepted that laie vnder the bar which were adiudged vnto the said lord steward the said earle of Arundels claime notwithstanding The citizens of London chosen foorth by the citie serued in the hall as assistants to the lord cheefe butler whilest the king sate at dinner the daie of his coronation and when the king entered into his chamber after dinner and called for wine the lord maior of London brought to him a cup of gold with wine and had the same cup giuen to him togither with the cup that conteined water to allay the wine After the king had drunke the said lord maior and the aldermen of London had their table to dine at on the left hand of the king in the hall Thomas Dimocke in right of his moother Margaret Dimocke by reason of the tenure of his manor of Scriuelbie claimed to be the kings champion at his coronation and had his sute granted notwithstanding a claime exhibited by Baldwin Freuill demanding that office by reason of his castell of Tamwoorth in Warwikeshire The said Dimocke had for his fees one of the best coursers in the kings stable with the kings saddle and all the trappers harnesse apperteining to the same horsse or courser he had likewise one of the best armors that was in the kings armorie for his owne bodie with all that belonged wholie therevnto Iohn lord Latimer although he was vnder age for himselfe and the duke of Norfolke notwithstanding that his possessions were in the kings hands by his atturnie sir Thomas Graie knight claimed and had the office of almoner for that daie by reason of certeine lands which sometime belonged to the lord William Beuchampe of Bedford They had a towell of fine linnen cloth prepared to put in the siluer that was appointed to be giuen in almes and likewise they had the distribution of the cloth that couered the pauement and floors from the kings chamber doore vnto the place in the church of Westminster where the pulpit stood The residue that was spread in the church the sexten had William le Uenour by reason he was tenant of the manor of Liston claimed and obteined to exercise the office of making wafers for the king the daie of his coronation The barons of the fiue ports claimed and it was granted them to beare a canopie of cloth of gold ouer the K. with foure staues foure bels at the foure corners euerie staffe hauing foure of those barons to beare it also to dine and sit at the table next to the king on his right hand in the hall the daie of his coronation and for their fees to haue the forsaid canopie of gold with the bels and staues notwithstanding the abbat of Westminster claimed the same Edmund chambers claimed and obteined the office of principall larderer for him and his deputies by reason of his manour of Skulton otherwise called Burdellebin Skulton in the countie of Norfolke Thus was euerie man appointed to exercise such office as to him of right apperteined or at the least was thought requisit for the time present On mondaie then next insuing when the states were assembled in parlement order was taken that by reason of such preparation as was to be made for the coronation they should sit no more till the morow after saint Edwards daie On the sundaie following being the euen of saint Edward the new king lodged in the Tower and there made fortie six knights of the Bath to wit thrée of his sonnes the earle of Arundell the earle of Warwike his sonne the earle of Stafford two of the earle of Deuonshires sonnes the lord Beaumont the lord line 10 Willoughbies brother the earle of Staffords brother the lord Camois his sonne the lord of Maule Thomas Beauchampe Thomas Pelham Iohn Luttrell Iohn Lisleie William Haukeford iustice William Brinchleie iustice Bartholomew Rachford Giles Daubenie William Butler Iohn Ashton Richard Sanape Iohn Tiptost Richard Francis Henrie Persie Iohn Arundell William Strall Iohn Turpington Ailmer Saint Edward Hastings Iohn Greislcie Gerald Satill Iohn Arden line 20 Robert Chalons Thomas Dimocke Hungerford Gibethorpe Newport and diuerse other to the number of fortie and six On the morow being saint Edwards daie and the thirtéenth of October the lord maior of London road towards the Tower to attend the king with diuerse worshipfull citizens clothed all in red and from the Tower the king rode through the citie to Westminster where he was consecrated annointed and crowned king by the archbishop of Canturburie line 30 with all ceremonies and roiall solemnitie as was due and requisit Though all other reioised at his aduancement yet suerlie Edmund Mortimer earle of March which was coosine and heire to Lionell duke of Clarence the third begotten sonne of king Edward the third Richard earle of Cambridge sonne to Edmund duke of Yorke which had married Anne sister to the same Edmund were with these dooings neither pleased nor contented insomuch that now the diuision once begun the one linage ceassed not to line 40 persecute the other till the heires males of both the lines were cléerlie destroied and extinguished At the daie of the coronation to the end he should not séeme to take vpon him the crowne and scepter roiall by plaine extorted power and iniurious intrusion he was aduised to make his title as heire to Edmund surnamed or vntrulie feined Crookebacke sonne to king Henrie the third and to saie that the said Edmund was elder brother to king Edward the first and for his deformitie put by from the crowne line 50 to whom by his mother Blanch daughter and sole heire to Henrie duke of Lancaster he was next of blood and vndoubted heire But because not onelie his fréends but also his priuie enimies knew that this was but a forged title considering they were suerlie informed
Canturburie denounced an heretike remitted againe line 50 to the Tower of London from which place either by helpe of fréends or fauour of kéepers he priuilie escaped and came into Wales where he remained for a season After this the king kéeping his Christmasse at his manor of Eltham was aduertised that sir Roger Acâ—on knight year 1414 a man of great wit and possessions Iohn Browne esquier Iohn Beuerlie priest and a great number of other were assembled in armour against the king his brethren the clergie and realme line 60 These newes came to the king on the twelfth daie in Christmasse wherevpon vnderstanding that they were in a place called Fiâ—ket field beside London on the backe side of saint Giles he streight got him to his palace at Westminster in as secret wise as he might and there calling to him certeine bands of armed men he repaired into saint Giles fields néere to the said place where he vnderstood they should fullie méet about midnight and so handled the matter that he tooke some and siue some euen as stood with his pleasure The capteins of them afore mentioned being apprehended were brought to the kings presence and to him declared the causes of their commotion rising accusing a great number of their complices The king vsed one policie which much serued to the discomfiting of the aduersaries as Thom. Walsingham saith which was this he gaue order that all the gates of London should be streictlie kept and garded so as none should come in or out but such as were knowen to go to the king Hereby came it to passe that the chiefest succour appointed to come to the capteins of the rebels was by that meanes cut off where otherwise suerlie had it not beene thus preuented and staied there had issued foorth of London to haue ioined with them to the number as it was thought of fiftie thousand persons one and other seruants prentises and citizens confederate with them that were thus assembled in Ficket field Diuerse also that came from sundrie parts of the realme hasting towards the place to be there at their appointed time chanced to light among the kings men who being taken and demanded whither they went with such spéed answered they came to meet with their capteine the lord Cobham But whether he came thither at all or made shift for himselfe to get awaie it dooth not appeare for he could not be heard of at that time as Thomas Walsingham confesseth although the king by proclamation promised a thousand marks to him that could bring him foorth with great liberties to the cities or townes that would discouer where he was By this it maie appeare how greatlie he was beloued that there could not one be found that for so great a reward would bring him to light Among other that were taken was one William Murlie who dwelt in Dunstable a man of great wealth and by his occupation a brewer an earnest mainteiner of the lord Cobhams opinions and as the brute ran in hope to be highlie aduanced by him if their purposed deuise had taken place apparant by this that he had two horsses trapped with guilt harnesse led after him and in his bosome a paire of gilt spurs as it was déemed prepared for himselfe to weare looking to be made knight by the lord Cobhams hands at that present time But when he saw how their purpose quailed he withdrew into the citie with great feare to hide himselfe howbeit he was perceiued taken and finallie executed among others To conclude so manie persons herevpon were apprehended that all the prisons in and about London were full the chiefe of them were condemned by the cleargie of heresie and atteinted of high treason in the Guildhall of London and adiudged for that offense to be drawen and hanged and for heresie to be consumed with fire gallowes and all which iudgement wis executed the same moneth on the said sir Roger Acton and eight and twentie others ¶ Some saie that the occasion of their death was onelie for the conueieng of the lord Cobham out of prison Others write that it was both for treason and heresie and so it appeareth by the record Certeine affirme that it was for feined causes surmized by the spiritualtie more vpon displeasure than truth and that they were assembled to heare their preacher the foresaid Beuerlie in that place there out of the waie from resort of people sith they might not come togither openlie about any such matter without danger to be apprehended as the manner is and hath beene euer of the persecuted flocke when they are prohibited publikelie the exercise of their religion But howsoeuer the matter went with these men apprehended they were and diuerse of them executed as before ye haue heard whether for rebellion or heresie or for both as the forme of the indictment importeth I néed not to spend manie words sith others haue so largelie treated thereof and therefore I refer those that wish to be more fullie satisfied herein vnto their reports Whilest in the Lent season the king laie at Killingworth there came to him from Charles Dolphin of France certeine ambassadors that brought with them a barrell of Paris balles which from their maister they presented to him for a token that was taken in verie ill part as sent in scorne to signifie that it was more méet for the king to passe the time with such childish exercise than to attempt any worthie exploit Wherfore the K. wrote to him that yer ought long he would tosse him some London balles line 10 that perchance should shake the walles of the best court in France ¶ This yeare Thom. Arundell archbishop of Canturburie departed this life a stout prelat and an earnest mainteiner of the Romish religion Henrie Chichelie bishop of saint Dauid succeeded the same Arundell in the sée of Canturburie and the kings confessor Stephan Patrington a Carmelite frier was made bishop of S. Dauid Henrie Persie then but a child sonne to the lord Henrie Persie surnamed Hotspur after his fathers deceasse line 20 that was slaine at Shrewesburie field was conueied into Scotland and there left by his grandfather where euer since he had remained the king therefore pitied his case and so procured for him that he came home and was restored to all his lands and earledome of Northumberland which lands before had béene giuen to the lord Iohn the kings brother A case verie strange and for manie causes alwaies right worthie of remembrance in this yeare 1414 the second of this kings reigne did befall which conteining line 30 in it so manie matters for knowledge of Gods great power and iustice of wilfull breaking his diuine lawes of the easie slip into ruine where his mercie dooth not sâ—aie vs the busie bogging of the diuell alwaies our weakenesse in combat with him into what outrage and confusion he haleth where he is not withstood with what tyrannie
he had shewed vnto the king before times ¶ This yéere the Scots began to stir against whom the king sent the duke of Glocester manie others which returned againe without any notable battell In this verie season Iames the third of that name king of Scots sent into England a solemne ambassage for to haue the ladie Cicilie king Edwards second daughter to be married to his eldest sonne Iames prince of Scotland duke of Rothsaie and line 40 earle of Caricke King Edward and his councell perceiuing that this affinitie should be both honourable and profitable to the realme did not onelie grant to his desire but also before hand disbursed certeine summes of monie to the onelie intent that the marriage hereafter should neither be hindered nor broken With this condition that if the said mariage by anie accidentall meane should in time to come take none effect or that king Edward would notifie to the king of Scots or his councell that his pleasure line 50 was determined to haue the said marriage dissolued then the prouost and merchants of the towne of Edenburgh should be bound for repaiment of the said summes againe All which things were with great deliberation concluded passed and sealed in hope of continuall peace and indissoluble amitie But king Iames was knowne to be a man so wedded to his owne opinion that he could not abide them that would speake contrarie to his fansie by meanes whereof he was altogither led by the counsell line 60 and aduise of men of base linage whome for their flatterie he had promoted vnto great dignities and honourable offices By which persons diuerse of the nobilitie of his realme were greatlie misused and put to trouble both with imprisonment exactions death insomuch that some of them went into voluntarie exile Amongst whome Alexander duke of Albanie brother to king Iames being exiled into France passing through England taried with K. Edward and vpon occasion mooued him to make warre against his brother the said king Iames for that he forgetting his oth promise and affinitie concluded with king Edward caused his subiects to make roads and forraies into the English borders spoiling burning and killing king Edwards liege people King Edward not a little displeased with this vnprincelie dooing prouoked and set on also by the duke of Albanie determined to inuade Scotland with an armie as well to reuenge his owne iniuries receiued at the hands of king Iames as to helpe to restore the duke of Albanie vnto his countrie and possessions againe Herevpon all the Winter season he mustered his men prepared his ordinance rigged his ships and left nothing vnprouided for such a iournie so that in the beginning of the yeare all things apperteining to the warre and necessarie for his voiage were in a readinesse To be the cheefteine of his hoast and lieutenant generall Richard duke of Glocester was appointed by his brother king Edward and with him were adioined as associats Henrie the fourth earle of Northumberland Thomas lord Stanleie lord steward of the kings house the lord Louell the lord Greiestocke and diuerse other noble men and worthie knights These valiant capteins came to Alnewike in Northumberland about the beginning of Iulie where they first incamped themselues marshalled their hoast The fore-ward was led by the earle of Northumberland vnder whose standard were the lord Seroope of Bolton sir Iohn Middleton sir Iohn Dichfield and diuerse other knights esquiers souldiers to the number of six thousand and seauen hundred In the midle-ward was the duke of Glocester and with him the duke of Albanie the lord Louell the lord Greiestocke sir Edward Wooduile and other to the number of fiue thousand eight hundred men The lord Neuill was appointed to follow accompanied with three thousand The lord Stanleie led the wing on the right hand of the dukes battell with foure thousand men of Lancashire Cheshire The lord Fitz Hugh sir William a Parre sir Iames Harrington with the number of two thousand souldiers guided the left wing And beside all these there were one thousand appointed to giue their attendance on the ordinance ¶ In this yeare Edmund Shaw goldsmith and maior of London newlie builded Creplegate from the foundation which gate in old time had bene a prison wherevnto such citizens and other as were arrested for debt or like trespasses were committed as they be now to the counters as maie appeare by a writ of king Edward the second in these words Rex vic' London salutem Ex graui querela capti detenti in prisona nostra de Creplegate pro x li. quas coram Radulpho Sandwico tunc custode ciuitatis nostrae London I. de Blackewell custode recognit debitorum c. King Edward held his Christmas at Eltham and kept his estate all the whole feast in his great chamber and the quéene in hir chamber where were dailie more than two thousand persons The same yeare on Candlemas day he with his quéene went on procession from saint Stephans chappell into Westminster hall accompanied with the earle of Angus the lord Greie sir Iames Liddall ambassadors from Scotland And at his procéeding out of his chamber he made sir Iohn Wood vnder-treasuror of England sir William Catesbie one of the iustices of the ōcmon plées knights But to returne to the kings affaires concerning Scotland The roiall armie aforesaid not intending to lose time came suddenlie by the water side to the towne of Berwike and there what with force and what with feare of so great an armie tooke and entered the towne but the earle of Bothwell being capteine of the castell would in no wise deliuer it wherfore the capteins vpon good and deliberate aduise planted a strong siege round about it When this siege was laid the two dukes and all the other souldiers except the lord Stanleie sir Iohn Eldrington treasuror of the kings house sir William a Parre and foure thousand men that were left behind to keepe the siege before the castell departed from Berwike toward Edenburgh and in marching thitherward they burnt and destroied manie townes and hastiles King Iames hauing small confidence in his communaltie and lesse trust in his nobilitie kept himselfe within the castell of Edenburgh The duke of Glocester entered into the towne and line 10 at the especiall desire of the duke of Albanie saued the towne and the inhabitants from fire bloud and spoile taking onelie of the merchants such presents as they gentlie offered to him and his capteins causing Gartier principall king at armes to make a publike proclamation at the high crosse in the market place of Edenburgh by the which he warned and admonished king Iames to kéepe obserue and performe all such promises compacts couenants and agreements as he had concluded and sealed line 20 with the king of England and also to make sufficient recompense vnto his subiects for the tyrannie spoile and crueltie which he and his
great bearer of Frenchmen in their occupiengs and trades contrarie to the lawes of the citie If the people had found him they would suerlie haue striken off his head but when they found him not the watermen and certeine yoong préests that were there fell to rifling and some ran to Blanchapelton and brake vp line 40 the strangers houses and spoileâ— them Thus from ten or eleuen of the clocke these riotous people continued in their outragious dooings till about three of the clocke at what time they began to withdraw and went to their places of resort and by the waie they were taken by the maior and the heads of the citie and sent some of them to the Tower some to Newgate and some to the Counters to the number of thrée hundred line 50 Manie fled and speciallie the watermen preests seruingmen but the prentises were caught by the backs and had to prison In the meane time whilest the hottest of this ruffling lasted the cardinall was aduertised thereof by sir Thomas Parre wherevpon the cardinall strengthened his house with men and ordinance Sir Thomas Parre rode in all â—ast to Richmond where the king laie and informed him of the matter who incontinentlie sent foorth hastilie to London to vnderstand the state of the citie and line 60 was truelie aduertised how the riot was ceassed and manie of the misdooers apprehended The lieutenant of the Tower sir Roger Cholmeleie no great fréend to the citie in a frantike furie during the time of this vprore shot off certeine péeces of ordinance against the citie And though they did no great harme yet he wan much euill will for his hastie dooing bicause men thought he did it of malice rather than of anie discretion About fiue of the clocke the earles of Shrewesburie and Surrie Thomas Dokerciâ— lord of saint Iohns George Neuill lord of Aburgauennie and others which had heard of this riot came to London with such strength as they could make vpon that sudden and so did the Innes of court But before they came whether with feare of the brute of their comming or otherwise the riotous assemblie was broken vp and manie of the misdooers taken as ye haue heard Then were the prisoners examined and the sermon of doctor Bele called to remembrance and he taken and sent to the Tower Herewith was a commission of oier and determiner directed to the duke of Norffolke and to diuerse other lords to the lord maior of London and the aldermen and to all the iustices of England for punishment of this insurrection The citie thought the duke bare them a grudge for a lewd preest of his which the yeare before was slaine in Cheape insomuch that he then in his furie said I praie God I maie once haue the citizens in my danger And likewise the duke thought that they bare him no good will wherefore he came into the citie with thirtéene hundred men in harnesse to keepe the oier and determiner Now vpon examination it could neuer be prooued of anie méeting gathering talking or conuenticle at anie daie or time before that daie but that the chance so happened without anie matter prepensed of anie creature sauing Lincolne and neuer an honest person in maner was taken but onelie he Then proclamations were made that no women should come togither to babble and talke but all men should kéepe their wiues in their houses All the stréets that were notable stood full of harnessed men which spake manie opprobriâ—us words to the citizens which gréeued them sore and if they would haue béene reuenged the other had had the woorsse for the citizens were two hundred to one but like true subiects they suffred patientlie Now for the due correction according to law of this disorder all the iustices with all the kings councell learned in the lawes assembled at the house of sir Iohn Fincur lord cheefe iustice of England néere to saint Brides by Fléetestréet to take aduise and conclude vpon the order which they should follow in this matter and first there was read the statute of the third yeare of Henrie the fift the effect whereof insueth in these words following The statute made in anno tertio of Henrie the fift BIcause that diuers nations comprised within the truces concluded as well by our souereigne lord the king that now is as by his right noble father haue beene robbed and spoiled by the kings lieges and subiects as well on the maine seas as within the ports and coasts of England Ireland Wales by reason whereof the truces and safe conducts haue broken and violated to the damage dishonour and slander of the king and against his dignitie the manslaiers spoilers robbers violaters of the same truces and safe conducts as before is declared haue beene recetted procured counselled vpholden and mainteined by diuerse of the kings liege people vpon the coasts our said souereigne lord the king by the aduise and assent abouesaid and at the praier of the said commons hath ordeined and established that all such manslaiers robbers spoilers breakers of truces and safe conducts granted by the king and the wilfull recetters abbetters procurers counsellors susteiners and mainteiners of such persons hereafter in time to come being anie of the lieges subiects of this realme of England Ireland Wales are to be adiudged and determined as giltie of high treason committed against the crowne dignitie of the king And further in euerie hauen and port of the sea there shall be from hense-foorth made and assigned by the king by his letters pattents one lawfull officer named a conseruator of truces and safe conducts granted by the king which line 10 officer shall dispend at the least ten pounds in land by yeare c as in the statute more at large is expressed The which statute being read and well considered of bicause there was diuerse leagues of truces betwixt the king and diuerse other princes as one betwixt him and the French king and another betwixt him and the archduke of Burgognie and another betwixt him the king of Spaine all the which truces line 20 were violated by the said insurrection it was determined by the whole councell there assembled that the kings sergeants and attournies should go to the lord chancellor to haue a sight of all the said leagues and charters of truces to the intent they might frame their indictments according to the matter And note that iudge Fineux said that all such as were parties to the said insurrection were guiltie of high treason as well those that did not commit anie robberie as line 30 those that were principall dooers therein themselues bicause that the insurrection in it selfe was high treason as a thing practised against the regall honour of our souereigne lord the king And the same law holdeth of an insurrection said Fineux made against the statute of laborers For so said he it came to passe that certeine persons within
as this floore One streight amongst them gaue iudgement that he that had line 40 doone it was worthie to lose his head The king streight replied he had rather lose a dozen such heads as his was that so iudged than one such seruants as had doone it and herewith he commanded that the lord Greies pardon should presentlie be made the which with a letter of great thanks and promise of reward was returned by the said sir Thomas Palmer to the said lord Greie but the reward failed the king not continuing long after in life the like hap whereof had oftentimes happened vnto diuerse line 50 of his worthie ancestors vpon their due deserts to haue béene considered of and therefore the case the lesse strange This haue I set downe the more willinglie for that I haue receiued it from them which haue heard it reported not onlie by the lord Greis owne mouth but also by the relation of sir Thomas Palmer and others that were present the same not tending so much to the lord Greies owne praise as to the betokening of the kings noble courage and the great secret trust which he worthilie reposed in the said lord line 60 Greie Here is to be noted also lest any man should mistake the matter as if the king dealt indirectlie herein that his maiestie knowing how the Frenchmen in going about to build this fort did more than they might by the couenants of the peace and therefore was resolued at the first aduertisement thereof to haue it rased But yet for that it might happilie haue béene signified ouer vnto the Frenchmen before my lord Greie could haue accomplished the feat he therefore wiselie wrote one thing in his letters wherevnto manie might be priuie and â—enâ— secret knowledge by words contrarie to the contents of the same letters so as if the messenger were trustie his pleasure might not be discouered to the hinderance or dispappointing of the same But now to our purpose The French king after this bicause as yet hée would not séeme to breake the peace commanded the trenches and new fortifications made about this fortresse called Chatillons garden thus cast downe to be filled by his owne people and so it rested during the life of king Henrie but afterwards it was begun againe and finished as after ye shall heare About Michaelmas in this present yeare Thomas duke of Norffolke and Henrie earle of Surrie that was his sonne and heire vpon certeine surmises of treason were committed to the tower of London and immediatlie after Christmas the thirtéenth of Ianuarie the king then lieng in the extremities of death the said earle was arreigned in the Guildhall of London before the lord maior the lord chancellor and diuerse other lords and iudges being there in commission Where if he had tempered his answers with such modestie as he shewed token of a right perfect and readie wit his praise had béene the greater Some things he flatlie denied seeking to weaken the credit of his accusers by certeine circumstances other he excused with interpretations of his meaning to proue the same to be far otherwise than was alleged against him And one speciall matter amongest other wherewith he was charged was for bearing certeine arms that were said to belong to the king and to the prince The bearing where of he iustified and maintened that as he tooke it he might beare them as belonging to diuerse of his ancestors and withall affirmed that he had the opinion of heralds therein But yet to his indictment he pleaded not giltie and for that he was no lord of the parlement he was inforced to stand to the triall of a common inquest of his countrie which found him giltie and therevpon he had iudgement of death and shortlie after to wit the 19 of Ianuarie he was beheaded on the tower hill ¶ In this moneth of Ianuarie the church of the late graie friers in London was opened and masse â—oong there and that daie preached at Paules crosse the bishop of Rochester who declared the kings gift to the citie of London for the relieuing of the poore people which was by patent vnder his great seale Saint Bartholomews spittle the church of the graie friers and two parish churches the one of saint Nicholas in the shambles the other saint Ewine in Newgate market all to be mâ—de on parish church of the graie friers church and in lands he gaue for the maintenance of the same 500 markes by yeare for euer this church to be named Christs church founded by king Henrie the eight The duke was atteinted by parlement and the atteindor after reuersed in the first yeare of quéene Marie The euill hap as well of the father as of the sonne was greatlie lamented of manie not onelie for the good seruice which the duke had doone in his daies in defense of this realme but also for that the earle was a gentleman well learned and knowne to haue an excellent wit if he had béene thankefull to God for the same and other such good gifts as he had indued him withall The king now lieng at the point of death made his last will and testament wherein he not onelie yéelded himselfe to almightie God but also tooke order that during the minoritie of his sonne prince Edward his executors should be councellors and aiders to him in all things as well concerning priuate as publike affaires They were sixtéene in number whose names were as hereafter followeth Thomas Cranmer archbishop of Canturburie Thomas Wriothesleie lord chancellor sir William Paulet knight of the order lord Saint-Iohn great master of the houshold sir Edward Seimer knight of the order earle of Hertford and high chamberleine of England sir Iohn Russell knight of the order lord priuie seale sir Iohn Dudleie knight of the order vicount Lisle baron of Maupas high admerall of England Cutbert Tunstall bishop of Durham sir Anthonie Browne knight of the order and master of the horsse sir Edmund Montacute knight chiefe iustice of the coÌ„mon plees sir Thomas Bromleie knight one of the iustices of the kings bench sir line 10 Edward North knight chancellor of the augmentation sir William Paget knight of the order sir Anthonie Dennie knight sir William Herbert knight sir Edward Wotton knight treasuror of Calis Nicholas Wotton deane of Canturburie and Yorke So soone as the noble king had finished his last will and testament as afore is said he shortlie therevpon yeelded vp his spirit to almightie God departing this world the eight and twentith daie of Ianuarie line 20 in the eight and thirtith yeare of his reigne and in the yeare of our Lord 1546 after the accompt of the church of England but after the accompt which we follow in this booke 1547 beginning our yeare the first of Ianuarie He reigned thirtie and seuen yeares nine moneths and od daies His bodie according to his will in that behalfe was conueied to Windsor with all funerall
message was sent vnto them whome the lords notwithstanding deteined still with them making as yet no answer to the message Wherevpon the lord protector wrote as followeth A letter of the lord protectors to the councell at London line 30 MY lords we commend vs heartilie vnto you And wheras the kings maiestie was informed that you were assembled in such sort as you doo and now remaine and was aduised by vs and such other of his councell as were then here about his person to send master secretarie Peter vnto you with such a message as whereby might haue insued the suertie of his maiesties person with the preseruation of his realme and subiects and the quiet both of vs and your selues as line 40 master secretarie can well declare to you his maiestie and we of his councell here doo not a little maruell that you staie still with you the said master secretarie haue not as it were vouchsafed to send answer to his maiestie neither by him nor yet by anie other And for our selues we doo much more maruell and are sorie as both we and you haue good cause to be to see the maner of your dooings bent with force of violence to bring the kings maiestie vs to these extremities line 50 Which as we intend if you will take no other waie but violence to defend as nature and allegiance dooth bind vs to extremitie of death and to put all to Gods hand who giueth victorie as it pleaseth him so if that anie reasonable conditions offers would take place as hitherto none hath béene signified vnto vs from you nor we doo not vnderstand what you doo require or séeke or what you doo meane and that you doo séeke no hurt to the kings maiesties person line 60 as touching all other priuat matters to auoid the effusion of christian bloud and to preserue the kings maiesties person his realme and subiects you shall find vs agréeable vnto anie reasonable conditions that you will require For we doo estéeme the kings wealth and tranquillitie of the realme more than all other worldlie things yea than our owne life Thus praieng you to send vs your determinate answer herein by master secretarie Peter or if you will not let him go by this bearer we beséech God to giue both you and vs grace to determinate this matter as maie be to Gods honor the preseruation of the king and the quiet of vs all which maie be if the fault be not in you And so we bid you most hartilie farewell From the kings maiesties castell of Windsor the seuenth of October 1549. Your lordships louing friend Edward Summerset After the receipt of these letters the lords séeming not greatlie to regard the offers conteined therein persisted in their intended purpose and continuing still in London conferred with the maior of London and his brethren first willing them to cause a good and substantiall watch by night and a good ward by daie to be kept for the safegard of the citie and the ports and gates thereof which was consented vnto and the companie 〈◊〉 London in their turnes warned to watch and 〈◊〉 accordinglie Then the said lords and councellors demanded of the lord maior and his brethren fiue hundred men to aid them to fetch the lord protector out of Windsor from the king But therevnto the maior answered that he could grant no aid without the assent of the common councell of the citie whervpon the next daie a common councell was summoned to the Guildhall in London But in this meane time the said lords of the councell assembled themselues at the lord maiors house in London who was then sir Henrie Amcotes fishmonger and Iohn Yorke and Richard Turke shiriffes of the said citie And there the said councell agréed and published foorthwith a proclamation against the lord protector the effect of which proclamation was as followeth 1 That the lord protector by his malicious and euill gouernement was the occasion of all the sedition that of late hath happened within the realme 2 The losse of the kings peeces in France 3 That he was ambitious and sought his owne glorie as appeared by his building of most sumptuous and costlie buildings and speciallie in the time of the kings warres and the kings soldiers vnpaied 4 That he estéemed nothing the graue councell of the councellors 5 That he sowed sedition betweene the nobles the gentlemen and commons 6 That the nobles assembled themselues togither at London for none other purpose but to haue caused the protector to haue liued within his limits and to haue put such order for the kings maiestie as apperteined whatsoeuer the protectors dooings were which as they said were vnnaturall ingrate and traitorous 7 That the protector slandered the councell to the king and did what in him laie to cause variance betwéene the king and his nobles 8 That he was a great traitor and therefore the lords desired the citie and commons to aid them to take him from the king And in witnesse and testimonie of the contents of the said proclamation the lords subscribed their names and titles as followeth The lord Rich lord chancellor the lord S. Iohn lord great maister and president of the councell the lord 〈…〉 of Northampton the earle of Warwike 〈◊〉 great chamberleine the earle of Arundell lord chamberleine the earle of Shrewesburie the earle of Southampton Wriothesleie sir Thomas Cheinie knight treasuror of the kings house and lord warden of the cinque ports sir Iohn Gage knight conestable of the tower sir William Peter knight secretarie sir Edward North knight sir Edward Montague chéefe iustice of the common plees sir Rafe Sadler sir Iohn Baker sir Edward Wootton doctor Wootton deane of Canturburie sir Richard Southwell After the foresaid proclamation was proclamed the lords or the most of them continuing and lieng in London came the next daie to the Guildhall during the time that the lord maior and his brethren sat in their court or inner chamber and entered and communed a long while with them and at the last the maior and his brethren came foorth vnto the common councell where was read the kings letter sent vnto the maior and citizens commanding them to aid him with a thousand men as hath maister Fox and to send the same to his castell at Windsore and to the same letter was adioined the kings hand and the lord protectors On the other side by the mouth of the line 10 recorder it was requested that the citizens would grant their aid rather vnto the lords for that the protector had abused both the kings maiestie and the whole realme and without that he were taken from the king made to vnderstand his follie this realme was in a great hazard and therefore required that the citizens would willinglie assent to aid the lords with fiue hundred men herevnto was none other answer made but silence But the recorder who at that time was a worthie gentleman called
maried to Richard Warraine son to king Iohn as appeareth by a déed belonging to my selfe who had the rectorie of Leosnes beginning thus Rosade Douer quondam vxor venerabilis viri Richardi filij regis de Chilham Hugh Pusaz de Puteaco or Pudsie nephue to king Stephan being bishop of Durham and erle of Northumberland and William Longchampe bishop of Elie had the gouernement of the realme for Richard the first vpon his departure foorth of the realme to take his iournie into the holie land For in his absence he appointed this Hugh to haue the rule of the north parts as chiefe iustice warden of the realme from Humber to Scotland deliuering to him also the keeping of the castell of Winchester the other parts of the realme with the custodie of the tower he assigned to the gouernement of William Longchampe bishop of Elie whome he made chiefe iustice and warden of those east south and west parts making him also his chancellour who being a man of great diligence and knowledge in the administration of things was yet verie factious and desirous of rule honour and riches farre aboue all measure And with these two bishops hée linked in authoritie by commission Hugh lord Bardolph William Marshall the great earle of Chepstow Strigull or Penbroke Geffreie Fitzpeter and William Brewer barons men of great honor wisdome discretion This the king did in the yeare of Christ 1190 and the first yeare of his reigne Walter de Constantijs sometime chancellor of England bishop of Lincolne and now archbishop of Roane vpon the misdemeanor of the proud bishop of Elie William Longchampe about the yeare 1192 had the custodie and gouernement of the realme committed vnto him whilest king Richard the first remained still in the holie warres who being called from that place in the yeare of Christ 1193 with Eleanor mother to the king to come to king Richard then imprisoned in Austria the archbishop of Canturburie Hubert succeeded him in the yeare 1194 whome the said archbishop of Roane procured to be installed in the see of Canturburie which Walter de Constantijs as hath Eueresden was made bishop of Lincolne in the yeare 1183 and the next yeare after bishop of Roane Hubert Walter or Walter Hubert for such a tansmutation of the name is vsed amongst historiographers was made vpon the discharge and going of Walter archbishop of Roane beyond the seas to king Richard gouernor and protector of the realme before the returne of Richard the first into England after the said kings imprisonment by the duke of Austria and the emperour procured by Sauaricus bishop of Glastenburie and Welles kinsman to the emperor wherof our moderne printed chronicles nor our ancient writers except one make any mention This Hubert died at his manor of Tenham and was buried at Canturburie in the south wall in the yeare of our redemption 1205 the third ides of Iulie being the seuenth yeare of king Iohn Eleanor widow to Henrie the second and mother to Richard the first was made protectresse of England after the departure of hir son into France when he had beene deliuered out of prison in which office she continued during the life of hir sonne which he ended in Poitiers in those French warres by a hurt receiued from one that discharged a crossebow against him on a fridaie as he besieged Chalons Touching whose death sith I am now in hand with the same it shall not be amisse to set downe such seuerall verses composed by seuerall men in seuerall sorts as I haue read and are not yet made common to the world which verses be these concerning his death and place of buriall as hereafter followeth Pictauus exta ducis sepelit tellúsque Chalucis Corpus dat claudi sub marmore fontis Ebraudi Neustria táque tegis cor inexpugnabile regis Sic loca per trina se sparsit tanta ruina Nec fuit hoc funus cui sufficeret locus vnus Whereof also another composed these following verses somewhat eloquentlie as saith Matthew Paris and so in truth they were considering that age which mostlie vsed a riming kind of Latine verses induced into the west part of the world by the barbarous Gothes in his greater historie of the life of king Richard in manner and forme following Ad Chalus cecidit rex regni cardo Richardus His ferus his humilis his agnus his leopardus Casus erat lucis Chalus per secula nomen Non intellectum fuerat sed nominis omen Non patuit res clausa fuit sed duce cadente Prodijt in lucem pro casu lucis adeptae Besides which verses of two seuerall men it pleaseth line 10 my pen to ad also the third mans dooing aswell for that the number of thrée is the holie number as for that there is nothing so sweet but that varietie dooth refresh it yet especiallie sith it is delightfull to sée the seuerall inuentions of manie wits this third poet therefore exclaming against the daie in which the said king Richard the first receiued his deaths wound being on a fridaie dooth thus write O veneris damnosa dies ô sydus amarum line 20 Ille dies tua nox fuit Venus illa venenum Illa dedit laethum sed pessimus ille dierum Primus ab vndecimo quo vitae victricus ipsum Clausit vtraque dies homicida tyrannide mira Transigitur clausus exclusum tectus opertum Prouidus incautum miles inimicus inermem This quéene Eleanor the protectresse died in the yere of Christ 1205 being the seuenth of king Iohn Gefferie Fitzpeter lord Ludgersall who was by Richard the first made chiefe iustice of England after line 30 the remouing of Hubert the archbishop of Canturburie and was in the first yeare of king Iohn girded by him with the sword of the earldome of Essex was also protector of the realme Who being a man of great power and authoritie was by nature gentle by birth noble in the lawes cunning in reuenues great and to all a good iusticer This man was a bridle to king Iohn to restreine his insolencie since he was confederat and alied in friendship bloud with all the nobilitie of England for that line 40 cause was greatlie feared of the K. who said of him as he did before of the archbishop Hubert that he then did fullie reigne when they two were dead For turning to those which stood by him when news was brought vnto him of the death of Fitz Geffreie he sware by Gods feet that he was then king lord of England and not before Which words he would not vse when the archbishop Hubert died because this man was yet liuing whome the king as is alreadie said greatlie feared And therefore vpon the line 50 death of the archbishop he did onelie saie that he began to reigne but now vpon this mans departure out of the world he said he was become a full lord absolute king
discharged of such their oth and also from all fealtie and seruice which was due to hir by reason of hir gouernment c. Héere hath euerie true subiect to sée whether Felton was not a fréend to Pius Quintus in so easilie being induced and drawne to prefer his procéedings against the lords annointed for whose sake if he had had a thousand liues true loialtie would haue inuited him to the losse of them all if occasion had so required considering that hir maiestie hath alwaies deserued well of hir people for whome she euer had a tender care as one reporteth that saith he heard with his owne ears hir maiestie commending hir subiects to the carefull and wise gouernment of hir councell and iudges when shée spake thus vnto them Haue care ouer my people You haue my place Doo you that which I ought to doo They are my people Euerie man oppresseth them and spoileth them without mercie They cannot reuenge their quarell nor help themselues See vnto them see vnto them for they are my charge I charge you euen as God hath charged me I care not for my selfe my life is not deare to me my care is for my people I praie God whosoeuer succéed me be as carefull as I am They which might know what cares I beare would not thinke I tooke anie great ioie in wearing the crowne Could a mother speake more tenderlie for hir infant than this good quéene speaketh for hir people And shall the people be so vngratious to a prince so gratious as to attempt anie thing that should discontent hir highnesse A mercifull hart shée hath alwaies had before shee atteined the crowne a mercifull hart shée hath now possessing the scepter manie times remitting and pardoning offenses intended and practised against hir owne person which C. O. noteth in his Eirenarchia siue Elisabetha speaking of hir maiestie in this point verie trulie vncontrollablie Nobilis praestans est ignoscentia virtus Haec quanquam potis est si vult excelsior vis Mentis inest iram strictis compescit habenis Delictis mulctam grauibus quandóque remittens Hoc priuata priùs nondum diademate sumpto Fecerat hoc facit princeps diademate sumpto The seauen and twentith of Male Thomas Norton and Christopher Norton of Yorkshire being both condemned of high treason for the late rebellion in the north were drawen from the tower of London to Tiborne and there hanged headed and quartered In this yeare also conspired certeine gentlemen with other in the countie of Norffolke whose purpose was on Midsummer daie at Harlestone faire with sound of trumpet and drum to haue raisâ—d a number and then to proclame their diuelish pretense against strangers and others This matter was vttered by Thomas Ket one of the conspiracie vnto Iohn Kenseie who foorthwith sent the same Ket with a conestable to the next iustice before whome and other iustices he opened the whole matter Wherevpon maister Drue Drurie immediatlie apprehended Iohn Throckmorton and after him manie gentlemen of the citie of Norwich and the countie of Norffolke who were all committed to prison and at the next sessions of goale deliuerie at the castell of Norwich the seauentéenth of Iulie before sir Robert Catlin knight lord chéefe iustice Gilbert Gerard the quéenes attornie generall and other iustices ten of them were indicted of high treason and some others line 10 of contempt Diuerse of them were condemned and had iudgement the one and twentith of August and afterward thrée of them were hanged bowelled and quartered which were Iohn Throckmorton of Norwich gentleman who stood mute at his arreignment but at the gallows confessed himselfe to be the chéefe conspirator and that none had deserued to die but he for that he had procured them With him was executed Thomas Brooke of Rolsbie gentleman on the thirtith of August and George Dedman of Cringleford line 20 gentleman was likewise executed the second of September The fourth of August the duke of Norffolke was remooued from the tower of London to the Charterhouse néere vnto Smithfield The same daie was arreigned at the Guildhall of London Iohn Felton for hanging the foresaid bull of pope Pius Quintus on the gate of the bishop of Londons palace and also two yoong men for coining clipping of coine who all were found guiltie of high treason and had line 30 iudgement to be drawne hanged quartered The eight of August Iohn Felton was drawen from Newgate into Paules churchyard and there hanged on a gallows new set vp that morning before the bishops palace gate and being cut downe aliue he was bowelled and quartered After this the same morning the shiriffes returned to Newgate and so to Tiborne with two yoong men which were there executed for coining and clipping as is aforesaid The two and twentith of August the earle of Sussex line 40 lord lieutenant generall for the queenes maiestie in the north and the lord Scroope warden of the west marches with diuerse others marched from Carleill with the quéens armie and force of the north as well of horssemen as footmen into Scotland passing ouer the riuers of Eske Leuine Sarke which riuer of Sarke parteth England and Scotland and so to Dornocke wood belonging to Edward Urone the lord of Bonshow and then to Annan a strong house of the lord Harris which they rased and ouerthrew line 50 with others thereabouts from thense to Hodham which they burnt and blew vp from thense to Kennell a towne belonging to the lord Cowhill which they burnt from thense to Donfrise which they sacked and spoiled of such paltrie as the fugitiues had left and also rased and ouerthrew a sumptuous house belonging to the quéene of Scots in the kéeping of the lord Harris Then passing the riuer of Longher they burnt and spoiled Cowhilles and Powtracke and returned to Donfrise and so to the towne of Bankend which they burnt with another house perteining line 60 to william Maxwell of the Iles and so to the castell of Carlauarocke standing in a marish iust to an arme of the sea which parteth Annerdale and Gallowaie which castell they blew vp and returned homeward transporting their ordinance ouer quick-sands and bogs where neuer the like was doone before and so came to Dornocke wood The eight of August they marched towards Carleill where by the waie they burnt and ouerthrew two houses the one being Arthur Greams alià s Carleill the other rich George two notable théeues The same daie at night after the lord lieutenants comming to Carleill he made knights sir Edward Hastings sir Francis Russell sir Ualentine Browne sir William Hilton sir Robert Stapleton sir Henrie Curwen sir Simon Musgraue This yéere the fift of October chanced a terrible tempest of wind and raine both by sea and land by meanes whereof manie ships perished much hurt was doone in diuerse parts of the realme as by a little pamphlet set foorth
〈◊〉 wedder some saie A not committed vnder pretense of wrestling Robert Serle maior of London Constantâ—ne a citizen of London procureth the citizens to reuenge their cause by waie of rebellion Matth. Paris The lord chéefe iustice taketh inquisition of the riot Constantine apprehended He is executed Great tempeâ—â— A generall thunder Great dearth of corne In other tempest of thunder Polydor. A comet or blasing star The losse of the citie of Damieta William de â—â—benie earle of Arundell departed this 〈◊〉 Anno Reg. 7. Iohn Scot marrieth the daughter of Leolin prince of Wales A councell 〈◊〉 London Note the redinesse of the bish to 〈◊〉 new contention The answer of William Brewer to the archbishops demand Ahab accuseth Helias An inquisition Matth. Paris The earle of Penbroke recouereth his castels taken by the prince of Wales The prince of Wales discomfited A conspiracie against the lord chiefe iustice Matt. Paris The king of Ierusalem commeth into England The death of the French king Ambassadors sent into France Anno Reg. 8. Polydor. The king giueth a gentle answer to his lords The king demanded restitution of parcels of inheritance belonging to the crowne Discord betwixt Sauerie de Mauleon and the earle of Salisburie Sauerie de Mauleon reuelâ—â—th to the French king Matth. Paris Matt. Westm. Fouks de Brent an enimie to rest and quietnesse Matth. Paris Henrie Braibroke taken by Fouks de Brent and imprisoned Bedford castell besieged He was in the borders of Wales where the earle of Chester was lord The end of Fouks 〈◊〉 Brent Plaut in Pâ—â—sa Dunstable The Poictouins send to king Henrie Rochel woon Matth. Paris Anno Reg. 9. A parlement A fiftéenth granted to the king Magna Charta and Charta de Forresta confirmed Forrests Matth. Paris Polydor. Thrée hundred saâ—th Gaguin Towns woon by the Englishmen The earle of Marsh saith Matth. Paris The Frenchmen taken at aduantage The earle of Cornewall raiseth his siege from the Rioll The death of the earle of Salisburie Matth. Paris Préests concubines forbidden christian buriall Anno Reg. 10. A legat from the pope Matth. Paris A parlement called The king to sicke Matt. Westm. Matth. Paris The cardinals request The answer of Iohn the archdeacon of Bedford Fabian A grant to the citizens of London Matth. Paris Anno Reg. 11. 1227 A parlement at Oxford The king at lawfull age Matth. Paris Polydor. The charters cancelled The death 〈◊〉 Lewes the French king The earle of Marsh commeth ouer to the king and offereth him his seruice Polydor. Matth. Paris Ambassadors sent into France Polydor. The earle of Cornewall returneth home Matth. Paris The earle of Cornewall He departeth from the court secretlie He wineth himselfe with the earles of Chester and Penbroke and others They meét at Stamford with an armie A day appointed to meét at NorthamptoÌ„ for a treatie of pacification The kings grant to his brother Val. Flac. lib. 4. The pope exhorteth the christians to make a iournie against the Saracens Matth. Paris sixtie thousaÌ„d Polydor. Anno Reg. 12. 1228 Matth. Paris Weights and measures Polydor. Hubert de Burgh created earle of Kent Stephan archbishop of Canturburie departed this life Richard Wethersheid elected in his place Matth. Paris Walter Helmesham A new trouble about the election of the archbishop of Canturburie Fabian Polydor. The earle of March worketh to induce the Normans Poictouins to fauour the king of England The Normans write to the king of England Matt. Paris The WelshmeÌ„ 〈◊〉 the castell of Montgomerie The king with an armie commeth to the succour of them 〈◊〉 the castell The abbeie 〈◊〉 Cride burnt The king â—â—â—ginneth to build a castell Pe is coÌ„stâ—â—â—ned to agree with the Welshmen The lord WilliaÌ„ de Breuse taken prisoner Matt. Paris Strange sights in the aire Polydor. Anno. Reg. 13. 1229 A parlement or a councel holden The temporal lords refuse to â—â—d the pope with monie Stephan de Segraue The tenths of the spiritualtie granted to the pope Usurers Matth. Paris The earle of Chester wold not permit the tenths to be gathered with in his land King Henrie prepareth to passe ouer into France The earle of Kent fallen in to the kings displeasure Henrie earle of Britaine The kings iournie deferred Anno Reg. 14. 1230 Matth. Paris The king of Scots kept Christmasse with the king of England at Yorke Matth. Paris A strange tempest at London Sée Iohn Stow pag. 261. of his large collectioÌ„ printed 1580. Matth. Paris The king gathereth monie towards his iournie into France Matth. Paris The Lord W. de Breuse hanged The king saileth ouer into France A fifteénth and tenth granted to the king Polydor. Englishmen sent to Spain against the Saracens Matth. Paris Escuage demanded The archb of Canturburie standeth against the K. in defense of his cleargie Contention betwixt the archb and the earle of Kent Matth. Paris Ralfe Neuill elected arch of Canturburie SimoÌ„ Langtons report of the conditions of Ralfe Neuill Sée before in pag. 177 178. The pope maketh void the election The earle of Cornewall marrieth the countesse of Glocester The earle of Penbroke departed this life Polydor. Leolin prince of Wales inuadeth the English borders The Welshmen put to flight The king goeth against the Welshmen Matt. Paris The English men distressed Mawds castell repaired Matth. Paris Hâ—nrie earle of Britaine and the earle of Chester distresse the French kings cariages A truce taken Anno Reg. 16. 1232 Matth. Paris An vnorderlie presumptuous attempt The superscription of their letters Masking threshers The pope coÌ„plaineth to the K. in blaming him The pope coÌ„mandeth the offendors to be accursed Inquisition taken The earle of Kent put in blame Sir Robert de Twing Polydor. A parleâ—â—â—â— subsidie demanded and denied A subsidie demanded and denied The bishop of Winchesters counsell giuen to the king The king followeth the bishop of Winchesters counsell Matth. Paris Ranulfe Briton Peter de Riuales The earle of Kent discharged of his office of cheéfe iustice Matth. Paris The earle of Kent taketh sanctuarie The citizens of London their good deuotion towards the earle of Kent Ouid. lib. 2. de trist 5. Hor. lib. car 1. od 35. Matth. Paris A subsidie granted in a parlement holden at Lambeth Anno Reg. 17. Matth. Paris Ranulfe earle of Chester departeth this life Erle Ranulfe thrice maried This Clemence was daughter to erle Ferrers The partition of his lands This Roger Lacie is surnamed Helie The earle of Kent kept in prison within the castell of Uées Matth. Paris A great thunder A wet summer Foure summer beside the accustomed sun Matth. Paris Matth. Paris A strange woonder Polydor. The king beginneth to fauour strangers The bishop of Winchester The earle of Penbroke Strangers alwaies odious to the hours borne The lords that withdrew into Wales Matth. Paris Polydor. The king proclaimed them traitors Strangers sent for Matth. Paris The earle of Kent escapeth and taketh sanctuarie He is fetcht out He is restored to sanctuarie Anno Reg. 18.
his warres against the French kinâ— The possesâ—â—ons of the Normans confiscated Matth. Paris The occasâ—â—â— why the Nâ—â—â—mans were disherited Polydor. Matth. Paris Matt. VVest Dauid 〈◊〉 of Wales â—â—â—neth to submit himselfe to the pope Matth. Paris pag. 880. The Welshmen discomfited Dauid fled into Scotland He prouoketh the king of Scots to make warre against England The king of Scots inuadeth EnglaÌ„d Matth. Paris King Henrie requireth an aid of monie of his subiects New orders deuised by the lords Unreasonable requests The pope sendeth for some aid of monie to mainteine wars against the emperour Escuage graÌ„ted the king The K. with an armie goeth towards Scotland The king of England and Scotland made fréends The lords sweare to sée the couenants performed The letter of the lords to pope Innocent The Welshmen stirre coles Matth. Paris The deceasse of the bishop of Cicester Anno. Reg. 29. P. V. A subsidie of the richer sort Matth. Paris The citizens of London The seneshall of Gascoine vanquished the king of Nauarre Anno 1242. as Matt. West saith Matth. Paris Dauid king or prince of Wales Sir Hubert Fitz Matthew slaine The castell â— Monthault taken by the Welshmen A generall councell The popes letters staied The valnaâ—â— of benefices taken that perteined to strangers This Gilbert was erle of Glocester Hereford lord of Clare Ambassadors sent to the generall councell These were barons A iusts and tornie appointed and by the kings commandement disappointed Fouke Fitz Warren commandeth the popes Nuncio to auoid the realme The kings answer vnto the popes Nuncio Matth. Paris Matth. West The Popes Nuncio sent out of the realme S. Peters church at Westminster The English ambassadors come to the councell The English ambassadors threaten the pope that he should not haue any tribute out of England Matth. Paris The king inuades Wales He buildeth a castell at Gannoke The decease of the countesse of Oxford and of the earle of Deuonshire Geffrey de March deceaseth The decease of Raimond earle of Prouance The decease of the lord Humfreuile Anno. Reg. 30. The king ' returneth foorth of Wales Irishmen destroied Anglesey A dearth Brine pits destroied in wales The lord Maurice chéefe iustice of Ireland Iohn Fitz Geffrey lord iustice of Ireland Matth. Paris The deceâ—se of Walter erle Marshall Mal. Pal. in suo cap. The pope requireth the French king to make war against England The French king refuseth to gratifie the pope therein The countesse of Prouance dealeth vniust lie with the king of England hir sonne in law Charles the French kings brother is made earle of Prouance The archb of Canturburie purchaseth grant of the pope to leuie monie Dauid prince of Wales departeth this life Ap Griffin chosen prince of Wales Iews robbeâ— in Oxenford The Londoners paie a talage A parlement A statute against hunters The earle of Sauoy dooth homage to the K. of England Roger Bigod intitled to the office of earle Marshall Matth. Paris Harold king of Man Welshmen receiued to the kings peace vp on their submission A decrée of the pope A proclamation inhibiting monie to be sent to the pope A sore tempest of haile Isabell the kings mother departeth this life Roger de Quincie earle of Winchester Iohn lord Neuill departed this life with diuers other Anno Reg. 31. Matth. Paris Intollerable exactions Peter de Sauoy earle of Richmond An earthquake A strange woonder Continuall raine Acts made to restraine presumptuous authoritie of the spiritualtie The popes collectors A shift by forbearing the name of legat The emperor of Constantinople commeth into England A cardinall coÌ„meth into England receiuing an oth not to preiudice the realme The kings halfe brethren came to sée the king The cardinall maketh shift for 〈◊〉 William de Ualence marrieth lord MontcheÌ„cies daughter Gaston de Bierne maketh war against the kings lieutenant Préests of the prouince of Canturburie suspended Sir Fouke de Newcastell the kings coosen by his mother departeth this life Pardon granted by bishops Knights made Anno Reg. 32. The earle of Winchester besieged in Galloway by his owne tenants William earle Ferrers departeth this life The countesse of Prouance commeth into England A parlement A subsidie dâ—manded Polydor. Matth. Pariâ— The king charged for his immoderate inriching of strangers The parlemeÌ„t proroged An ordinance for monie Inquirie made for washers clippers of monie Matth. Paris The parlemeÌ„t dissolued The king driuen to sell his plate S. Edwards faire at Westminster Sir Richard Sward deâ—â—â—â—eth Death of bishops An eclipse Newcastell burnt by casuall fire The archb of Cant. curseth Anno Reg. 33. An erthquake The bishop of Durham resigneth his bishoprike Matth. Paris The king practiseth to get monie A nest of théeues brokeÌ„ The archbish of Rone Matth. Paris Great raine The earle of Salisburie other go into the holie land Matth. Paris The spite of the French towards the Englishmen Peter de Geneure The deceasse of Roger Fitz Iohn The death of Hugh le Brun. Anno Reg. 34. The archb of Canturburie inthronized A tornie holden at Brackley or as some copies haue at Barkley Edmond son to Richard earle of Cornwall borne An ambassage sent to the pope The king taketh on him the crosse The lord Roger de Monthault Gaston de Bierne submiteth himself to the king The earle of Leicester his service in Gascoigne The bishop of Lincolne An inhibition procured by the king of the pope The earle of Cornwall râ—â—turneth from the pope The king spâ—â—reth to bring himselfe out of debt The Iewes constreined to helpe the king with monie Matth. Paris A generall chapter of the friers preachers Matth. Paris Strife betwixt the LoÌ„doners and the abbat of Westminster William de Kilkennie keéper of the great seale Robert de Lexinton departeth this life The lord Henrie Hastings deceaseth Robert Muschampe Athelmarie the kings half brother made bishop of Winchester The earle of Salisburie slaine by the Saracens A mightie wind Matth. Paris The sea seemeth to burne Ships lost Hertburne Winchelsey Anno Reg. 35. The practise of the bishops to disappoint the archbi of Canturburie of his purpose An erthquake at S. Albons The pope sueth for licence to soiorne at Burdeaux The popes presence more like to impaire than amend things Thunder and lightening Guy de Lusignan brother to the king The earle of Leicester returneth He had of the king 3000 marks Rutters A iustice accused for taking bribes Henrie de Bath put to his fine Athelmare or Odomare bishop of Winchester confirmed A conuocatioÌ„ of the bishops Six thousand marks giuen to the pope The bishop of Lincolne visiteth abbeies The bishop of Lincolne suspended by the pope Wales subiect to the English lawes Alain lord Zouch Usurers called Caorsini Controâ—ersie betwixt prelats The earle of Leicester prospereth in Gascoigne A sore tempest of thunder lightning Windsore High tides The nunrie of Marâ—an founded Paule Peiuer The lord Wâ—lâ— Graie marrieth the wife of Paule Peâ—uer Anno Reg. 3â— Matth. Parâ—â— The church
of Scotland K. Edward recognised for superiour lord of Scotland Rich. South Master Stephansons booke of Records Wardens of the realme of Scotland appointed by K. Edward The bishop of Catnesse elected chancellor of Scotland He receiueth his seale He is sworne The wardeÌ„s sworne The Scotish nobilitie dooth fealtie to king Edward The kings mother deceassed Anno Reg. 2â— 1292 Nic. Triueâ— Iohn Balioll obteineth the kingdome of Scotland Nic. Triuet Polydor. The seale broken Anno Reg. 21. Iohn Balioll crowned king of Scotland 1293 Richard Bagley A prisoner rescued The offenders lost their hand A great snow and tempest of wind in Maie The archbishop of Canturburie deceasseth The kings daughter maried to the earle of Bar. War betwixt England and France Two English ships taken The lord Admerall of England setteth vpoÌ„ the Norman ships Charles earle of Ualois prâ—cureth warre betwixt England and France The Englishmen victors by sea K. Edward summoned to appeare at Paris Edward earle of Lancaster sent to the French king K. Edward condemned in the French kings court Arnold de Neale sent into Gascoigne with an armie N. Triuet Henrie earle of Lincolne The bishop of London sent with an answer vnto the French king The king of England cited to appéere Sentence giuen against the king of England Anno Reg. 22. The peace of the quéenes Letters patents Sir Geffrey Langley The French kings mind changed His vniust dealing The French K. renounceth what he had said Hugh of Mâ—â—chester a 〈◊〉 sent to the French king The king of England renounceth the French king Ambassadors sent into Germanie Wolles 〈◊〉 Fabian A subsidie raised of 〈◊〉 An armie sent to Gascoigne N. Triuet Thrée fléets appointed to the sea A dearth Rich. South The English armie passeth to Gascoigne Towns 〈◊〉 Nic. Triuet Polydor. Abington Matth. West A shift for monie Abington The treasâ—rer accused The K. â—â—seth hiâ—selâ— Abington The spiritualtie called to a councell Their offer not liked The halfe part of spirituall liuings granted to the king R. Fabian Polydor. Abington The prelates require to haue the statute of Mortmain repealed The K. shifteth them off N. Triuet The Welshmen are busie Madoc Carnaruan burnt Malgon Morgan driueth the earle of Glocester out of Glamorganshire The earles of Lancaster Lincolne vanquished by the Welshmen Anno Reg. â—3 1295 Baion yéelded to the Englishmen The castell of Baion wâ—n Two French gallies taken Saint Iohn de Sordes The Gascoins aid the Englishmen The king entreth into Wales Abington The earle of Warwike N. Triuet The Welshmen ouerthrowne by the earle of Warwike The woods in Wales cut downe Beaumarise built Madoc taken prisoner Abington Welshmen imprisoned Polydor. Charles de Valois chaseth the Englishmen The Earle of Richmond Rion besieged Pontsey won Nic. Triuet Rion woâ—â— Englishmen taken Abington Sir Adam Kreting 〈◊〉 Sir Walter Gifford Saint Seuere taken Nic. Triuet Hugh Ueer Charles de Ualois Saint Seuere besiged Saint Seuere yeelded by composicion Charles de Ualois returneth into France Polydor. The Earle of Oxford then liuing highâ— Robert Ueer and not Hugh Ueer N. Triuet Polydor. Polydor. Cardinals sent to the kings of England and France to treat a peace Matth. Westm. The cardinals gather monie Nic. Triuet Polydor. Matth. Westm. Sir Thomas Turberuiles promise to the French king The French king sendeth foorth a fléet against England Abington Abington French men slaine A gallie burnt Douer robbed by the French The Frenchmen chased to their ships Frenchmen slaine about Douer Sir Thomas Turberuile executed N. Triuet Caxton Abington The death of noble men Sir Rafe Monthermeâ— wedded the countesse of Glocester Anno Reg. 24. N. Triuet The king of Scots concludeth a league with the French king Polydor. Matth. West K. Edwards request made to the Scots is denied Abington The disloiall dealing of the Scots Nic. Triuet The earle of Lancaster sent into Gascoine Abington The castell of Lespar deliuered vnto him Nic. Triuet The Frenchmen forced to retire Polydor. The earle of Lancaster departeth this life Aques besieged The earle of Arthois sent with an armie to Gascoine N. Triuet Burg desieged The lord Simon de Montagew his enterprise to rescue the garrison of Burg. The siege is raised The king of England concludeth â— league with the earle of Flanders He concludeth a league also with the earle of Bar. The earle of Bar inuadeth Champaigne A mariage concluded The earle of Flanders arrested The pope intermedleth in the matter The earle of Flanders forced to agree with the French king The earle of Flanders released returneth home The French kings answer to the pope A new league betwixt the K. of England the emperour and others against the French king Matth. West The earle of Flanders 〈◊〉 the â—rench king The earle of Flanders accurssed His sonne appealeth from the interdiction Ambassadors sent to the K. of Scots Nic. Triuet The lord Ros reuolteth to the K. of Scots William de Ros continueth faithâ—ull to the king of England Englishmen distressed Rich. South N. Triuet Abington The Scots inuade England Nic. Triuet The Scots raise their siege from Caricil Berwike summoned Abington The English fléet Foure English ships lost Abington Berwike woone This sir Richard Cornewall was brother to the erle of Cornewall Abington Caxton Abraham Fleming R. Grafton pag. 176. G. Buchanan rer Scotic 〈◊〉 8. pag. 243. 〈◊〉 finem Hector Boeâ—â—us pag. 29◠〈◊〉 impress Pâ—â—sijâ— Ã Iacobâ—â— Puys 1574 In paraph. super psal 39. K. Edward fortifieth Berwike A scotish frier sent to king Edward The Scotish king renounceth his homage and fealtie vnto the king of England The Scots inuade the English borders Harbotell Rich. South The earle of Boghan The crueltie of the Scots The nunrie of Lamelaie burnt Luc. lib. 2. The castell of Dunbar rendred to the Scots Beside 2000 barded horsses they had in that armie 10000 footmen N. Triuet Matth. Westm. Abington A sore battell fought at Dunbar The number slaine Matth. Westm. Abington Rockesborough yéelded Rich. Southâ— A Welshman hanged Striueling castel left void Edenburgh castell deliuered to the king of England Saint Iohâ—â— towne The king of Scots suâ—th for peace The bishop of Durham The king of Scots submitteth himselfe to the K. of England K. Edward passeth forward through Scotland K. Edward bringeth the marble stone out of Scotland The nobilitie of Scotland submit themselues to the king The forme of their homage The words of K. Edward accepting it Officers appointed in Scotland by king Iohn Iohn Balioll sent to London A parlement at saint Edmundsburie A subsidie granted The pretended excuse of the cleargie Anno Reg. 25. 1297 The earle of Holland marrieth Elizabeth the kings daughter N. Triuet Abington The archbishop his words The declaration of the lord chéefe iustice The clearkelie handling of the matter by the archbi of Yorke his suffragans The miserie of churchmen The archbish of Canturburie his goods confiscate The obstinate maner of the archbishop of Canturburie A parlement at Salisburie The 〈◊〉 demeanor 〈◊〉
faction The king of England taketh vpoÌ„ him to defend the Orleantiall faction The earle of saint Paule assaulâ—eth the castell of Guisnes His fortune against Englishmen A peace â—â—â—cluded betwixt the 〈◊〉 factions oâ— Burgognie â— Orleance The prince of Wales accused to his faâ—her Iohn Stow. The suspicious gelousie of the king toward his son The prince goeth to the court with a great traine His strange apparell The prince coÌ„meth to the kings preseÌ„ce His words to his father The kings words to the prince his son Eâ—ton The princes request to haue his accusors to answer their wroÌ„gful slanders Abr. Fl. out of Angl. praelijs In Angl. praelijs sub Hen. 4. Sir Iohn Prendergest restored to the kings fauour is sent to sea The duke of Clarence sent to aid the duke of Orleance Enguerant The earle of Alanson and Richmond sent to the duke of Clarence The duke of Clarence marcheth toward Guien Enguerant The lord of Rambures The earles of Kent Warwike sent ouer to Calis Fabian Coine changed Abr. Fl. out of Fabian pag. 388. Thrée floods without ebbing betwéen Abr. Fl. out of R. Grafton pag. 433 434. in folio Whitington college erected Charitie Newgate builded S. Bartholomews hospital Guildhall chapell Guildhall inlarged Anno Reg. 14. The duke of Orleance coÌ„meth to the English armie The lord of Helie marshal of France Sir Iohn Blunt Fabian The k. meaâ—â— to haue made a iournie against the Infidels The king is vexed with sicknesse 141â— A parâ—ement The K. sick of an apoplexie 〈◊〉 Hâ—ll The prince taâ—etâ— awaie the crowne before his father was dead 〈◊〉 is blamed of the king His answer A guiltie conscience in extremitie of sicknesse pinâ—heth sore The death of Henrie the fourth Abâ— Fâ— out of 〈…〉 Fabian He is buried at Canturburie His issue His stature Iohn Stow. Acts and moments of Iohn Fox Sée maister Fox in hiâ— booke of Actâ— and monuments Acts and â—â—numents Anno Reg. 1. Wil. Paâ—ten Buchanan 〈◊〉 Scoticar â—ib 10 â—omage doone 〈◊〉 K. Henrie before his coâ—â—â—cation The day of king Henries 〈…〉 tempeâ—tuous day A notable example of a woorthie prince In Angl. proael sub Hen. 5. A parlement Thom. Walsin The funerals of king Henrie the fourth kept at Canturburie S. Georges day made a double feast Abr. â—l out Polychron Sir Iohn Oldcastell escaped out of the Tower Titus Liuius Hall A commotion raised by sir Roger Acton and others Titus Liuius The rebels surprised Thom. Walsin By this excessiue number it may aâ—â—peare that Walsingham reporteth thâ—â— matter according to the â—â—â—mon â—ame 〈◊〉 not as one that searchâ—â— out an exqâ—â—site truth William Murlie Sir Rogeâ— Acton his complices condemned of treason and heresie Eiton A disdainefull â—mbassage Tho. Walsi Persie restored to the erledome of Northumberland W. P. Le Rosier la second partie Anno Reg. 2. 1414 A bill exhibited to the parlemeÌ„t against the clergie The archbishop of Canturburies oration in the parlement house The Salike law Mesina The earle of Westmerland persuadeth the king to the conquest of Scotland The duke of Excester his wise and pithie answer to the earle of WestmerlaÌ„ds saieng A true saieng Ambassadors from the FreÌ„ch king and from the duke of Burgognie Creation of dukes Harding Ambassadors sent to FraÌ„ce Abr. Fl. out of In Angâ— câ—p sub Heâ— â— Thom. Wall It is not like that in this councell writers meane the parlement that was adiorned from Leicester to Westminster where it began in the octaues of saint Martin in this second yeare 1415. The councell of Constance The earle of Warwike and others sent to the generall councell Enguerant Great preparation for the French wars Anno Reg. 3. Ambassadors out of France A proud presumptuous prelat The wise answer of the K. to the bishop Harding An ouerthrow to the Scots by sir Robert Umfreuill The quéene mother gouernour of the realme The earle of Cambridgeâ— other lorâ—s apprehended for treason Thom. 〈◊〉 Hall King Henries words to the traitours The earle of Cambridge and the other traitors executed The effect of the earle of Cambridges indictement A iewell Titus Liuius The king saileth ouer into France with his host Titus Liuius A charitable proclamation Princelie and wiselie Harding The king besieged Harflue Titus Liuius Harding Thom. Walsi The seuentéenth of September they within Harflue praie parlée A fiue daies respit Harflue yéâ—â—ded and sacked Abr. Fl. out of Angl. prâ—â— sub Hen. 5. and Polychron Great death in the host by the flix The kings mercifull dealing with the French prisoners Corne vittels destroied where the Englishmen should passe A skirmish with the garrison of Ew Enguerant Blanchetake Diuerse capteins knights W.P. Standing in Picardie betwéene Amiens Peron all vpoÌ„ the riuer of Some Sir Hugh Stafford lord Bourghchier Iohn Bromley He came of a yoonger brother in the linage of the right honorable the lord chancelor that now is 1585. The kings standard recouered W. P. King Henrie passâ—th the riuer of Some with his host The kings armie but of 15000. The English armie sore afflicted Iustice in warre Note the force of iustice Hall The French king coÌ„sulteth how to deale with the Englishmen Dolphin king of Sicill The French K. sendeth defiance to king Henrie K. Henries answer to the defiance King Henrie rideth foorth to take view of the French armie The number of the French meÌ„ threé 〈◊〉 thousand Engueranâ— The battell of Agincourt the 25 of October 1415. The order of the French armie As manie in the battell The French esteemed six to 〈◊〉 English The order of the English armie and archers The vaward all of archers Archers the greatest force of the English armie Abr. Fl. out of Fabian pag. 392 and Polychron A politike inuention Hall K. Henries oration to his men A wish A noble courage of a valiant prince Hall The English gaue the onset The two armies ioine battell The 〈◊〉 of the Frenâ—â— discomfited Their 〈◊〉 beaten A valiant king The French rereward discomfited The kingâ— campe robbed All the prisâ—â—ners slaine A fresh onset A right wise and valiant challenge of the king Thanks giuen to God for the victorie A worthie example of a godlie prince Titus Liuius The battell of Agincourt The same day that the new maior went to Westminster to receiue his â—th the aduertisement of this noble vicâ—orie came to the citie in the morning betimes yâ—â— men were vp from their beds Register of â—aâ—ors Thrée grauâ—s that held fiâ—e thousand and eight hundred corpses Noble men prisoners The number slaine on the French part Englishmen slaine Englishmen slaine Rich. Grafton Titus Liuius Abr. Fl. out of Anglorum praelijs sub Henr. 5. Hall Titus Liuius The great modestie of the king The death of the Dolphin of France Part of those that spoiled the English campe A sore conflict Anno Reg. 4. The emperor Sigismund commeth 〈◊〉 England Titus Liuius The stranâ—â— manner of receiuing the emperour 〈◊〉 Douer Albert duke of Holland coÌ„meth 〈◊〉 England The emperor
〈◊〉 and affâ—ction of the lord lieutenant to performe the premisses sigâ—nified and by good proofe 〈◊〉 stified The states agnise the pâ—â—â—emptorie authoritie put into the lord lieutenants hands in respect of his gouernment Like authâ—â—â—tie giuen to the lord lieutenant as other gouernours his 〈◊〉 â—â—â—decessors 〈◊〉 had in the 〈◊〉 countries â—n acknowledgement and performance of dutie and elegiance inioined to all persons of the low countries vnder paine of punishâ—ent to the lord lieutenant All pretense of ignorance cut off least the course of obeâ—â—ence might be hindered Councellors 〈◊〉 matters of late elected by the lord â—â—eutenant â—â—wes for capteinâ— and souldiours The lord lâ—eutenant commeth from the Hage to Harlem how he was receiued Utricht people commended for their great kindnes shewed to the Englishmen S. Georges feast solemntlie obserued at Utricht S. Georges feast solemnlie obserued at Utricht L. lieutenant inuested in the robes of order Martin Skinke knighted who promised Portcullis to shew him seuentie ensignes that he had now in the field Seminarie préests execâ—â—tâ—d at Tiburne A wench burnt in Smithfield Archbishop Canturburiâ— lord Cobhaâ— lord Buckâ—hurst of the priuie councell Pag. 1435 〈◊〉 The numâ—â—â— of archbishâ—â— of Canturâ—â—â—rie from thâ— first to the 〈◊〉 Considerations whie the building of Douer hauen is here recorded Douer the néerest place of England to France Douer the most conuenient place of England for a hauen Reasons whie a harbor at Douer would be so beneficiall A true commendation of quéene Elisabeth The 〈…〉 Douer wâ—ll mainteine a hauen there for euer In peramb. Cant. 〈◊〉 Douer Douer castell reedified by queene Elisabeth Edward the fourth bestowed ten thousand pounds vpon reparations of Douer castell The situation of Douer harbour A naturall rode for ships at Douer The hauen of Rie decaied whereby more néed of a harbour at Douer Ships lost for lacke of sufficient harbour at Douer The first benefit bestowed on Douer harbour Little paradise In the reigne of Edward the Confessor Sir Iohn Thomson préest his supplication Fiue hundred pounds giuen by Henrie the eight towards a beginning of Douer works The maison de Dieu of Douer Surueiors ouerséers Sir Iohn Thomsons deuise discouered The Molehead Douer pierre when it was taken in hand and whereof it consisted A notable dâ—uise to carrie great rocks by water Foure pence a daie A Gaboth The charge of the pierre The kings care for Douer pierre The kings repaire to Doâ—er The cause of the decaie of the pierre Officers about the pierre The ruine of Douer pierre Stone called beach or bowlder choked vp Douer hauen Two causes of the decaie of Douer pie rre Someâ—iâ—e no harborough at all at Douer How Douer was made desolat That beach which destroied the pierre helpeth now the hauen A bountifull gift of quéene Elisabeth towards the reparing of Douer hauen The patent of the quéenes gift sold vnto two merchants The act of parlement for Douer hauen 23. Elisab Thrée pence the tun of euerie vessell allowed towards Douer hauen The tunnage amounted to 1000 pounds yearelie The tenure of the quéens commission for Douer hauen Iohn True suruâ—ior generall of Douer hauen The deuise of Iohn True Stone heâ—ed at Folkestone amounting to 1288 pounds Infinit charge to accomplish the stone wall Iohn True had ten shillings a day for his fée Iohn True is dismissed Ferdinando Poins Poins his groine The pent 16 acres The length of the long wall The crosse wall The rode for ships One thousand pounds to Ferdinando Poins Customer Smith Uarietie of deuises Sir W. Winter sent to Douer to surueie the harbor c. Sir Thomas Scot. The wals of Romneie marsh subiect to the raging seas All the commissioners ioine with sir Thomas Scot and allow his deuise Seuen inuincible reasons against the woodden wall The lord treasurors resolution Of Woolwich and Erith breaches Secretarie Walsingham the chiefe director and furtherer of Douer hauen No dealing by great in matters of excessiue charge and danger Sir Thomas Scots notes Douer pent finished in thrée moneths Reinold Scot and Rafe Smith examined by maister secretarie about the wals of the pent Questions propounded to Poins and the Plumsted men Sir Thomas Scots deuise allowed by the lords of the councell The resolution at a conference at Douer Officers elected at Douer The commoditie of the pent Woolwich breach recouerable Euerie degrée willing to set forward this worke Six hundred courts imploied at once in these works Iohn Smith the â—â—penditor Iohn Keies gentleman chiefe purueior A horsâ—e a court and a driuer for twelue pence the daie The quantitie of one court or tumbrell A benefit to 〈◊〉 â—east The 〈◊〉 substance of the walâ—s The disposing of the works Henrie Guilford esquier capteine of Arcliffe castell The beginning of the great works at Doâ—â—r Reasons for the difficultie of the crosse wall This worke vndertaken and other reiected by sir Thomas Scots means Bowle a notable good workman Commissioners Treasuror Two iuraâ—â— called directors Eight guâ—ders Eight vntingers Eight sheâ—uers Eight â—â—â—gers Laborers Scauelmen Béetlemen Armors The order of arming Inferior purueiors Clerke Expenditor The groine kéeper The maneâ— of the wall worke How the wall was saued from being wasted The inconuenience which would haue folâ—owed the diuerting of the riuer another waie A sluse made for diuerse good purposes A difficult and dangerous worke Gods blessing and fauour shewed to the works of Doâ—er Dangers happilie escaped Boies plaie The flag of libertie * Or six A commendation of them which wrought or had anie charge about Douer works Sir Thomas Scot fell sicke in Douer works The death of the ladie Scot. The bredth depth length and charge of the long and crosse wall with the â—â—â—ming c. A necessarie remedie if water draine vnder the wall Expedition necessarie and profitable The state of the wals A sure triall latelie made of the good effect of the pent A gaâ—e of the â—â—use broken Edward Wootton esquire ambassador into France The effect of the pent Of the sluse The lord Cobham remaineth at Douer one whole moneth Sir Francis Walsingham principall fréend to these works Of the latâ— works The note of Iohn Hooker aliâs Vowell concerning the sudden and strange sickenesse of late happening in Excester The originalâ— cause of this infection whereto imputed Barnard Drake esquier The mischiefe of nastie apparell The assise at Excester appointed to be quarterlie kept This sicknes was contagious mortall Principall men that died of that infection Sir Iohn Chichester and sir Arthur Basset bemoned and commended Eleuen of the iurie with other officers die of this â—â—ckenesse Affliction draweth men to God c. An introductâ—â—â— to the historicall remembrance of the Sidneis the father and the sonne c. The note of Edmund Molineux touching sir Henrie Sidneis life and death His education in his youth His â—â—â—â—â—â—ment in ambassage Foure times lord iustice thrise lord deputie of Ireland He suppressed by force and policie
demanded also to haue the castell of Lincolne deliuered into his hands which Gerard refused to deliuer and perceiuing that the chancellor would practise to haue it by force he fled vnto earle Iohn requiring him of competent aid and succour The chancellor on the other part perceiuing what hatred diuerse of the Nobles bare him thought good to prouide for his owne suertie the best that he could and therefore sent for a power of men from beyond the sea but bicause he thought it too long to staie till they arriued he came to Lincolne with such power as he could make and besieged the castell Erle Iohn the kings brother aduertised hereof raised such numbers of men as he might make of his freends seruants and tenants and with small a doo wan the castels of Notingham and Tickhill within two daies space This doone he sent to the lord chancellour commanding him either to breake vp his siege or else to prepare for battell The chancellour considering with himselfe that there was small trust to be put in diuerse of those lords that were with him bearing good will to earle Iohn and but hollow harts towards him raised his siege and departed with dishonour Not long after one of his hornes was broken off by the death of pope Clement whereby his power legantine ceased wherewith being somewhat abashed he came to a communication with earle Iohn and vpon certeine conditions made peace with him Shortlie after the souldiers which he had sent for arriued in England and then he began to go from the agréement made with earle Iohn affirming that he would either driue the same earle out of England or else should earle Iohn doo the like to him for it was not of sufficient largenesse to hold them both Howbeit shortlie after a peace was eftsoones concluded betwixt them with condition that if it chanced king Richard to depart this life before his returne into England not leauing any issue of his bodie begotten that then the chancellour renouncing the ordinance made by king Richard who had instituted his nephue Arthur duke of Britaine to be his heire and successour should consent to admit earle Iohn for king of England contrarie to the said ordinance But in the meane time it was agréed that earle Iohn should deliuer vp the castels of Notingham and Tickhill Notingham to the hands of William Marshall and Tickhill to the hands of William Wendenall they to kéepe the fame vnto the vse and behoofe of king Richard that vpon his returne he might doâ— with them as should please him prouided that if it so chanced that he should die before he â—oâ—ld returne from his voiage or that the chancellour went from the agréement now taken then immediatlie should the foresaâ—d castels of Notingham and line 10 Tickhill be restored vnto earle Iohn Moreouer â—he other castels of such honours as were assigned to each Iohn by the king his brother were committed vnto the custodie of certeine persons of great trust and loialtie as the castell of Wallingford to the archbishop of Rouen the castell of Bristow to the bishop of Lincâ—lne the castell of the Peake to the bishop of Couentrie the castell of Bolesofres vnto Richard de Peake or if he refused then should the bishop of Couentrie haue it in keeping line 20 the castell of Eie was committed to Walter Fitz Robert the castell of Herford to Roger Bigot and to Richard Reuell the castell of Excester and Launston These persons to whom these castels were thus committed to be kept receiued also an oth that they should faithfullie kéepe them to the kings behoofe and if he chanced to die before he should returne then the same should be deliuered vnto earle Iohns hands Also there were three castels that perteined to the crowne deliuered likewise in trust as line 30 the castell of Windsor vnto the earle of Arundell the castell of Winchester vnto Gilbert de Lacie and the castell of Northampton vnto Simon de Pateshull It was also agréed that bishops abbats earles and barons valuasors and freeholders should not be disseized of their lands goods or cattels otherwise than by order of the iustices or officers of the king so that they should be iudged in the kings courts according to the lawfull customes and ordinances of the line 40 realme and likewise that earle Iohn should cause the same orders to be obserued through all his lands Prouided that if any man attempted to doo otherwise vpon support or maintenance of earle Iohn he should stand to be reformed by the archbishop of Rouen if he chanced then to be in England and by the kings iustices and by those that had sworne to obserue this peace and also earle Iohn himselfe at their request should see such reformation to be had Moreouer it was agréed that all those castels that line 50 had bin built or begun to be builded since the kings passage ouer towards his iournie should be razed and no new made or fortified till his returne except in manours perteining to the kings demaine if need required or by his speciall commandement either by letters or sufficient messengerrs That the shiriffewike of Lincolne which the lord chancellour had assigned vnto William de Stuteuille should be restored to Gerard de Camuille who had a daie appointed him to appéere in the kings court to heare line 60 what might be laid against him and if such matter could be prooued for the which he ought to loose the said shiriffewike and the castell of Lincolne then he should depart from them by the iudgement of the court or else not Neither should earle Iohn mainteine him against the iudgement of that court nor should receiue any outlawes or such as were notoriouslie knowen for enimies to the king and so named nor should suffer them to be receiued within the precinct of his liberties To hold mainteine and obserue this peace the said earle and chancellour sware in the hand of the archbishop of Rouen with seuen barons on either part On the part of earle Iohn these were the 〈…〉 Notingham and Tickhill be restored vnto earle Iohn notwithstanding what soeuer the king should command touching the same Thus was the peace concluded eftsoones betwixt earle Iohn and the chancellour In this meane while Geâ—â—rey the elect archbishop of Yorke after long suit and manie delaies contriued speciallie by the chancellour obteined his pall being consecrated by the archbishop of Towrs by vertue of his buls obteined from pope Celestine The chancellour aduertised herof and vnderstanding that he meant to come shortlie into England to be installed was in a great chafe bicause that during the time of the vacation he had vsed the reuenues of that see at his pleasure and therefore now to forgo them he was nothing contented Herevpon he wrote his letters vnto Matthew de Clere shiriffe of Kent in this forme The lord chancellours letters to the shiriffe of Kent PRaecipimus tibi quòd si Ebâ—racen electus
Rouen in his place who would not take vpon him to doo anie thing touching the rule of the land without consent of his associats assigned to him and the barons of the eschecker The same day earle Iohn and the archbishop of Rouen and other of the kings iustices granted to the citizens of London the priuilege of their communaltie and the said earle and archbishop and in maner all the bishops erls and barons of the realme sware to mainteine the said priuilege firme and stable so long as should please their souereigne lord And the citizens of London sware to be true and to doo their faithfull seruice vnto king Richard and his heirs and if he chanced to die without issue then to receiue earle Iohn the brother of king Richard for their king and souereigne lord and therevpon sware fealtie to him against all men sauing that which they owed vnto his brother king Richard The chancellour perceiuing the multitude to be such which he had with him in the tower as the place was not able to hold them any long time after he had remained within it one night he came foorth vnto earle Iohn and to the other that were thus entred the citie and now readie to besiege him of whome he got licence for them that were inclosed within the tower to depart without damage and therewith deliuered vp the tower vnto the hands of the archbishop of Rouen with the castell of Windsor and certeine other castels which he held within the realme but not all notwithstanding he couenanted to make deliuerie of the residue which yet remained in the hands of them whome he had appointed to the kéeping of the same And for assurance of that couenant to be performed before he departed the realme he deliuered his brethren and one that was his chamberleine to remaine with the lords as hostages This doone he hasted to Canturburie where he promised to receiue the crosse of a pilgrime to go into the holie land and to render vp the crosse of his legatship which he had vsurped a yeare and a halfe after the death of pope Clement to the preiudice of the church of Rome and to the detriment and great hinderance of the English church For there was not any church within the realme which had not béene put to fine and ransome by that crosse nor any ecclesiasticall person went frée but the print of the crosse appeared in him and his purse From Canturburie he got him to Douer to his brother in law and finallie séeking means to passe ouer into France and doubting to be discouered he apparelled himselfe in womans raiment got a web of cloth on his arme as though he had beene some housewifelie woman of the countrie but by the vntowardlie folding and vncunning handling of his cloth or rather by a lewd fisherman that tooke him for an harlot he was suspected and searched so narrowlie that by his priuie members he was prooued to be a man and at line 10 length knowne attached and committed to prison after he had beene reprochfullie handled by them that found him and by the wiues of the towne in such vnséemelie apparell Earle Iohn would haue had him punished and put to some open reproofe for his passed tyrannicall dooings but the bishops and other of the barons for reuerence of his order procured his deliuerance with licence to passe ouer into Normandie where he was borne Thus was the bishop of Elie a man full line 20 of pride and couetousnesse ouerthrowne with shame and receiued for his hie climing a reprochfull downefall for none are more subiect to ruine and rebuke than such as be aloft and supereminent ouer others as the poet noteth well saieng Summa petit liuor perflant altissima venti Summa petunt dextra fulmina missa Iouis In time he was deposed from his office of being chancellour and not without warrant for in verie deed king Richard hauing receiued aduertisements line 30 from the lords and peeres of the realme of the chancellours presumptuous and hautie demeanour with wrongs offered to diuerse persons wrote to them againe as followeth A letter of king Richard directed to the States of the land for the deposing of the bishop of Elie from his office of lord chancellour line 40 RIchard king of England sendeth greeting to William Marshall to Gilbert Fitz Peter and Henrie Berdulfe and to William Brewer peeres If it so chance that our chancellour hath not faithfullie handled the affaires and businesse of our realme committed vnto him by the aduise and counsell of you and others to whom we haue also assigned the charge of gouernement of the same realme line 50 we command you that according to your disposition in all things to be doone concerning the gouernement thereof you order and dispose as well for eschetes as all other things c. By force of this commission the lords were the bolder to procéed against him as ye haue heard Now after his comming into the parties beyond the seas he ceassed not with letters and messengers to present his complaint to the pope of Rome and to line 60 king Richard of the iniuries receiued at the hands of earle Iohn and his complices Herevpon pope Celestine wrote in déed to all the archbishops and bishops that were within the realme of England in behalfe of the said bishop of Elie declaring that for so much as the king of England was gone into the holie land to warre against the enimies of our faith leauing his kingdome vnder the protection of the apostolike see he could not but haue speciall regard to see that the state rights and honour thereof were preserued from all danger of decaie Wherefore vnderstanding that there had beene certeine attempts made by Iohn erle of Mortaigne and others both against the king and the bishop of Elie that was not onelie legat of the apostolike sée but also gouernour of the land appointed by the king which attempt sounded greatlie to the reproch of the church of Rome and danger of damage to insue to king Richard if remedie were not the sooner found therefore he commanded them by the vertue of their obedience to excōmunicat the earle of Mortaigne or any other that was knowne to haue laid any violent hands vpon the said bishop of Elie or deteined him as captiue or inforced him to any oth or else had changed the state of rule in the kingdome of England to other forme than king Richard had ordeined at his setting forward towards the holie land and that not onelie all the councellours authors aiders and complices of those that had committed such outrage but also their lands should stand interdicted so that no diuine seruice should be vsed within the precinct of the same except penance and christning of infants This to remaine till the said bishop kingdome were restored into the former estate and that the parties excommunicated should present themselues with
apprehended as Walter de Lacie and manie other At length comming into the countrie of Meth he besieged a castell wherein the wife of William de Breuse and hir sonne named also William were inclosed but they found means to escape before the castell was woone though afterward they were taken in the I le of Man and sent by the king into England where they were so straitlie kept within the castell of Windsor that as the fame went they were famished to death ¶ We read in an old historie of Flanders written by one whose name is not knowne but printed at Lions by Guillaume Rouille in the yeare 1562 that the said ladie wife to the lord William de Breuse presented vpon a time vnto the queene of England a gift of foure hundred kine and one bull of colour all white the eares excepted which were red Although this tale may séeme incredible yet if we shall consider that the said Breuse was a lord marcher and had goodlie possessions in Wales and on the marshes in which countries the most part of the peoples substance consisteth in cattell it may carrie with it the more likelihood of truth And suerlie the same author writeth of the iournie made this yeare into Ireland so sensiblie and namelie touching the manners of the Irish that he seemeth to haue had good informations sauing that he misseth in the names of men and places which is a fault in maner common to all forreine writers Touching the death of the said ladie he saith that within eleuen daies after she was committed to prison héere in England she was found dead sitting betwixt hir sonnes legs who likewise being dead sate directlie vp against a wall of the chamber wherein they were kept with hard pitance as writers doo report William the father escaped and got away into France Thus the more part of the Irish people being brought vnder he appointed Iohn Gray the bishop of Norwich to be his deputie there remoouing out of that office Hugh Lacie which bare great rule in that quarter before The bishop then being appointed deputie and cheefe iustice of Ireland reformed the coine there causing the same to be made of like weight and finenesse to the English coine so that the Irish monie was currant as well in England as in Ireland being of the like weight forme and finenesse to the English Moreouer those that inhabited the wood-countries and the mounteine places though they would not as then submit themselues he would not at that time further pursue bicause winter was at hand which in that countrie approcheth timelie in the yeare Hauing thus subdued the more part of all Ireland and ordred things there at his pleasure he tooke the sea againe with much triumph and landed in England about the thirtith day of August From hence he made hast to London and at his comming thither tooke counsell how to recouer the great charges and expenses that he had béene at in this iournie and by the aduise of William Brewer Robert de Turnham Reignold de Cornhill and Richard de Marish he caused all the cheefe prelats of England to assemble before him at S. Brides in London So that thither came all the abbats abbesses templers hospitallers kéepers of farmes and possessions of the order of Clugnie and other such forreners as had lands within this realme belonging to their houses All which were constreined to paie such a greeuous tax that the whole amounted to the summe of an hundred thousand pounds The moonks of the Cisteaux order otherwise called white moonks were constreined to paie 40 thousand pounds of siluer at this time all their priuileges to the contrarie notwithstanding Moreouer the abbats of that order might not get licence to go to their generall chapter that yéere which yeerelie was vsed to be holden least their complaint should mooue all the world against the king for his too too hard and seuere handling of them In the summer following about the 18 day of Iulie king Iohn with a mightie armie went into Wales and passing foorth into the inner parts of the countrie he came into Snowdon beating downe all that came in his way so that he subdued all the rulers and princes without contradiction And to be the better assured for their subiection in time following he tooke pledges of them to the number of 28 so returned to Album Monasterium on the daie of the Assumption of our ladie from whence he first set foorth into the Welsh confines In the same yeare also the pope sent two legats into England the one named Pandulph a lawier and the other Durant a templer who comming vnto king Iohn exhorted line 10 him with manie terrible words to leaue his stubborne disobedience to the church and to reforme his misdooings The king for his part quietlie heard them and bringing them to Northampton being not farre distant from the place where he met them vpon his returne foorth of Wales had much conference with them but at length when they perceiued that they could not haue their purpose neither for restitution of the goods belonging to préests which he had seized vpon neither of those that apperteined to line 20 certeine other persons which the king had gotten also into his hands by meanes of the controuersie betwixt him and the pope the legats departed leauing him accursed and the land interdicted as they found it at their comming ¶ Touching the maner of this interdiction there haue béene diuerse opinions some haue said that the land was interdicted throughlie and the churches and houses of religion closed vp that no where was anie diuine seruice vsed but it was not so streit for there line 30 were diuerse places occupied with diuine seruice all that time by certeine priuiledges purchased either then or before Children were also christened and men houseled and annoiled through all the land except such as were in the bill of excommunication by name expressed But to our purpose King Iohn after that the legats were returned toward Rome againe punished diuerse of those persons which had refused to go with him into Wales in like maner as he had doone those that refused to line 40 go with him into Scotland he tooke now of ech of them for euerie knights fée two marks of siluer as before is recited About the same time also Reginald earle of Bullongne being accursed in like maner as king Iohn was for certeine oppressions doone to poore men and namelie to certeine preests fled ouer into England bicause the French king had banished him out of France The chéefest cause of the French kings displeasure towards this earle may séeme to proceed of the line 50 amitie and league which was concluded betwixt king Iohn and the said earle in the first yeare of the said kings reigne whereby they bound themselues either to other not to make anie peace or to take anie truce
to the earle of Cornewall beside Brehull and burned a place there called Segraue where Stephan de Segraue the lord chiefe iustice was line 20 borne and likewise a village belonging to the bishop of Winchester not farre from Segraue aforesaid This was the maner of those outlawes that they hurt no person but onelie those councellers about the king by whom they were exiled and therefore bearing stomach against them they did not onlie excogitate but also execute this reuenge which till they had obteined they were no lesse ill appaid than well pleased when the same was past for minuit vindicta dolorem line 30 Immediatlie within the octaues of the Epithanie the earle Marshall and Leolin prince of Wales wasted and robbed all the marshes betwixt Wales and Shrewsburie a part of which towne they also burnt King Henrie being hereof certified as yet soiourning at Glocester was sore troubled in his mind and calling togither his councell asked aduise what waie he might best take to redresse such iniuries After sundrie opinions amongst them declared they agreed all in one sentence that it should be most expedient to appease the minds of the rebels with gentle line 40 offers to grant them pardon of their offenses wiselie to winne them to tractablenesse and not roughlie afflicting them to exasperat their fiersenesse sith saepe acri potior prudentia dextra Also to banish from his court diuerse that bare great rule and namelie Peter the bishop of Winchester and his sonne or nephue Peter de Riuales by the counsell of which two persons all things had béene changed in the kings house Moreouer to put from him such strangers as bare offices and to restore line 50 Englishmen againe to the same The king allowing this aduise to be good followed it accordinglie and first of all discharging the bishop of Winchester of all publike administration of things he commanded him to repaire home to his diocesse and to sée to the gouernement thereof as to his dutie apperteined He also banished from his presence Peter de Riuales Stephan Segraue Robert Passelew and diuerse others of his chiefe councellers by whose means he had procured the euill will of line 60 his Nobilitie Then receiued he againe his old seruants officers finallie sent the archb of Canturburie the bishops of Chester Rochester vnto the barons in Wales to offer them peace pardon of all iniuries past if they wold returne to his obedience Thus in the end there was a truce taken betwixt the king and the rebels to begin at Candlemasse and to indure vntill Easter next insuing in which meane time Richard the earle of Penbroke hearing that Maurish Fitz Gerald with Walter Lacie Richard Burgh and others wasted his lands and possessions in Ireland according to such commission as they had receiued of late from king Henrie and his councell passed ouer thither and there incountering with his enimies was sore wounded and taken prisoner hauing entered the battell verie rashlie and with a small companie of his people about him onlie by the traitorous persuasion of Geffrey Maurish who with other fled at the first brunt and left him in maner alone to stand to all the danger Those that thus tooke him brought him into his owne castell the which the lord chiefe iustice Maurice Fitz Gerald had latelie woone This incounter in which Richard Marshall was thus taken chanced on a saturdaie being the first of Aprill and on the 16 of the same moneth by reason of the wound which he had receiued he departed this life We find also that the bishop of Winchester and his sonne or kinsman as some haue called him Peter de Riuales had procured the king to send commission vnder his seale vnto the foresaid noble men in Ireland that if the said Richard Marshall earle of Penbroke chanced to come thither they should doo their best to take him and in reward of their paines they should inioy all his lands and possessions which he held in that countrie But after his death and when the king had remooued those his councellers from him he confessed he had put his seale to a writing but that he vnderstood what were the contents thereof he vtterlie denied Finallie this was the end of the worthie earle of Penbroke Richard Marshall a man worthie to be highlie renowmed for his approued valiancie His death suerlie was greatlie bewailed of king Henrie openlie protesting that he had lost the worthiest capteine that then liued After this the lords that had remained in Wales by safe conduct came to the king and through the diligent trauell of the archbishop of Canturburie he receiued them into fauour Amongst them were these men of name Gilbert Marshall the brother of the foresaid Richard Marshall Hubert earle of Kent Gilbert Basset and Richard Sward beâ—ide diuerse other Unto Gilbert Marshall he deliuered his brothers inheritance and vpon Whitsundaie made him knight giuing vnto him the rod of the office of Marshall of his court according to the maner to vse and exercise as his ancesters had doone before him And herewith the earle of Kent Gilbert Basset and Richard Sward were receiued againe into the court and admitted to be of the kings priuie councell Soone after this Peter de Riuales Stephan Segraue Robert Passelew were called to accounts that it might appeare how the kings treasure was spent and how they had vsed themselues with the kings seale The two last remembred kept themselues out of the waie and could not be found Stephan Segraue shrowding himselfe in secret within the abbeie of Leicester and Robert Passelew feining himselfe sicke kept within the new temple at London Peter de Riuales also with his father the bishop of Winchester tooke sanctuarie at Winchester for they were afraid least their bodies should not be in safetie if they came abroad bicause they vnderstood that their manours and grange places were spoiled and burnt by those that bare them displeasure Howbeit at length vnder the protection of the archbishop of Canturburie they came to their answer were sore charged for their vniust dealing traitorous practise and great falshood vsed in time of their bearing office and as it appeareth by writers they could but sorilie cleare themselues in those matters wherewith they were charged but yet by reason of their protection they were restored to the places from whence they came or else otherwise shifted off the matter for the time so that we read not of anie great bodilie punishment which they should receiue as then In the end they were pardoned reconciled to the kings fauor vpon paiment of such fines as were assessed vpon them This yeare bicause the truce ended betwixt the kings of England and France king Henrie sent ouer to aid the earle of Britaine thréescore knights and two thousand Welshmen the which when the French king came with his armie to enter and inuade Britaine did cut off
peace When Griffin saw how all things went and that he was not like to be set at libertie he began to deuise waies and meanes to escape out of prison Wherefore deceiuing the watch one night he made a long line of hangings couerings and shéets and hauing gotten out at a window let downe himselfe by the same from the top of the towre but by reason that he was a mightie personage and full of flesh the line brake with the weight of his bodie and so falling downe headlong of a great height his necke and head was driuen into his bodie with the fall whose miserable carcasse being found the morow after was a pitifull sight to the beholders The king being certified thereof commanded Griffins sonne to be better looked vnto and punished the officers for their negligence About the same time there chanced a controuersie to rise betwixt the king and the bishop of Lincolne for the bestowing of the benefice of Thame the which Iohn Mansell the kings chapleine had gotten in possession by the kings fauour through prouision granted of the pope where the bishop alleging priuileges to the contrarie had granted it to an other At length the king hauing his fathers trouble before his eies and doubting the bishops words threatning some euill mishap to follow if he should stand long in the matter against the said bishop gaue ouer his tenour and therewithall prouided Iohn Mansell of a farre more rich benefice that is to saie of the personage of Maidstone whereinto the bishop spéedilie inuested him This yeare manie noble men ended their liues as well such as were gone with the earles of Cornewall and Leicester into the holie land and others remaining still at home Amongst which number were these William Fortz earle of Albemarle Walter Lacie one of the chiefest nobles in all Ireland Stephan de Segraue Gilbert de Basset and his sonne and heire named also Gilbert Moreouer Iohn Biset high iustice of the forrests and Peter de Mallow Hugh Wake Robert Marmion Peter de Bruis Guischarde Laidec Eustace Stoutuill Eudo Hamon surnamed Peccham Baldwin de Betun Iohn Fitz Iohn steward in household to earle Richard Iohn de Beauliâ—â— Gerard de Furniuall There died also the ladie Elianor the countesse of Britaine wife vnto Geffrey that was sometime earle of Britaine which countesse had béene long kept prisoner at Bristow with diuerse other Moreouer there died this yeare Roger bishop of London and Hugh bishop of Chester Also Gilbert Marshall earle of Penbroke in a torneie which he had attempted at Hereford against the kings licence was by an vnrulie horsse cast and so hurt that immediatlie he died thereof Neither was this yeare onelie mournefull to England for the losse of such high estates but also in other places manie notable personages departed out of this transitorie life As two popes Gregorie the ninth and his successour Celestine the fourth besides cardinals amongst the which Robert Somercotean English man was one ¶ About the later end of this 25 yeare the sixt daie of October there appeared a right sore eclipse of the sunne verie strange to the beholders ¶ In the 26 yeare died the empresse Isabell wife vnto Frederike the emperour line 10 In this yeare also began the wars againe betwixt king Henrie and Lewes the king of France for the quarell of Hugh earle of March who refused to doo homage vnto Alfonse the brother of king Lewes which Alfonse had married the onelie daughter and heire of Raimund earle of Tholouse and therefore should succéed the same earle in his estate and inheritance year 1242 His brother king Lewes had also giuen vnto him the earledome of Poictou with all the lands of Aluergne and bicause the earle of March would not doo homage vnto him king Lewes made warre line 20 vpon the earle of March who thervpon sought to procure king Henrie whose mother he had married to come ouer with an armie vnto his aid King Henrie being sollicited with letters not onelie from his father in law but also from diuerse other noble men of Poictou who willinglie would haue beene vnder his gouernement asked aduise of his councell what he ought to doo in the matter Some were of opinion that sith there had béene a truce taken betwixt the kings it were not reason in anie line 30 wise to breake the same but some other thought that sith the Frenchmen in times past had taken from king Iohn his lawfull heritage in Normandie and Poictou and wrongfullie deteined the same still in their possession without restitution it could not be at anie time vnlawfull vpon occasion giuen to recouer the same out of their hands This opinion was allowed for good and the best that might be both of the king also of the earle of Cornewall who was line 40 latelie returned from his iournie which he had made into the holie land But now all the staie rested in gathering of monie which being earnestlie demanded in a parlement begun at Westminster the tuesdaie before Candlemasse was as stifflie denied alledging in excuse their often paiments of subsidies and reléefes which had béene gathered sith the comming of the king to his crowne as the thirtéenth fiftéenth sixteenth and fortieth parts of all their mooueable goods besides line 50 charugage hidage and sundrie escuages namelie the great escuage granted for the marriage of his sister the empresse and also beside the thirtieth within foure yeares last past or thereabouts granted to him which they thought remained vnspent bicause it could not be vnderstood about what necessarie affaires for the common-wealth it should be laid foorth and imploied whereas the same was leuied vpon condition that it should remaine in certeine castels and not to be expended but by the aduise of foure line 60 péeres of the realme as the earle of Warren and others Moreouer they alledged that the escheats and amercements which had béene gathered of late were such as must néeds fill the kings coffers so to conclude they would not consent to grant any subsidie Howbeit the king so handled the matter with the richer sort and namelie those of the spiritualtie that partlie by gift and partlie by borrowing he got togither a great masse of treasure and so prepared an armie and ships to passe ouer into Gascoine with all conuenient speed In the meane time bicause he would leaue things in more suertie at home he sent the bishop of Durham into Scotland by whose diligence a marriage was concluded betwixt the lord Alexander eldest sonne to the king of Scots and the ladie Margaret daughter to king Henrie Moreouer the marshes of England adioining to Scotland were committed to the king of Scots as warden of the same to kéepe and defend whilest king Henrie should abide in the parts beyond the seas The archbishop of Yorke in the kings absence was also appointed chéefe gouernour of the realme When this prouision was once readie about
discharged by Iohn Mansell one of the kings iustices afore whom and other the kings councell the inquisition was taken and then was the custodie of the citie assigned vnto the constable of the tower and in place of the shiriffes were appointed Michaell Tonie and Iohn Audrian At length the maior shiriffes and Aldermen that were accused perceiuing the kings displeasure towards them submitted themselues wholie to his mercie sauing to them and to all other the citizens their liberties franchises and so in the excheker chamber at Westminster afore the king there sitting in iudgement vpon the matter they were condemned to paie their fines for their offenses committed and further euerie of them discharged of his ward and office Shortlie after was William Fitz Richard by the kings commandement made maior and Thomas Fitz Thomas and William Grapisgate shiriffes The archbishop of Yorke was accurssed by the popes commandement through all England with booke bell and candle that by such terror his constancie might he weakened But the archbishop saith Matthew Paris informed by the example of Thomas Becket and by the example and doctrine of saint Edmund sometime his instructor and also taught by the faithfulnesse of blessed Robert late bishop of Lincolne despaired not of comfort from heauen in bearing patientlie the popes tyrannie neither would he bestow the wealthie reuenues of his church vpon Italians being vnworthie persons and strangers neither would he obeie and incline to the popes will like a faint-harted person by leaning and setting apart the rigor of the law least therby he might séeme to result from his pastorlike office and animate the woolfe of Rome to breake into the shéepfold of the church whose purpose was to sucke the verie bloud quite and cleane out of euerie veine yea to bite out bowels and all Which qualitie to rest in him wofull experience hath taught and the testimonie of written verities hath shewed among which this one for the truth thereof is worthie to be reported euen to the praise of the deuiser for his prettie deuise therein comprised and here set downe as fit for the purpose Non pontifex sed potifex Non potifex sed panifex Non panifex sed carnifex Est papa pater pontifex About â—he beginning of the two and fortith yeare of king Henries reigne the lord Iames Audelie that had béene ouer with the king of Almaine and was latelie returned home in companie of the lord Henrie sonne to the said king who came backe from his father about the feast of saint Michaell last past vnderstanding how the Welshmen in his absence had burnt wasted and destroied his lands possessions and castels which belonged vnto him in the confines of Wales he meant to be reuenged of those iniuries and inuading them he slue a great number of them so reuenging the death of those his freends seruants and tenants whome they before had murthered The Welshmen were not so discouraged herewith but that they brake vpon him out of their starting-holes and places of refuge through the marishes and slaieng their enimies horsses put them backe to their power ceassed not to doo what mischeefe they could line 10 by spoiling killing and burning houses and castels where they might come vnto them and so the realme of England was dailie put to losses hinderances For out of Wales England was accustomed to be furnished with horsses cattell and other things to the great profit of both the countries About the same time there was an ambassage sent from the king of England to the French king by the bishop of Worcester the elect of Winchester the abbat of Westminster the earle of Leicester Hugh Bigod earle line 20 Marshall with Peter de Sauoy and Robert Walcron The effect of their message was to require restitution of those countries lands cities and townes which had bene euicted out of the hands of king Iohn and others apperteining by right of inheritance to the king of England These lords did their message but as was thought they had no towardlie answer but rather were put off with trifling words scornefull â—awnts so that they returned shortlie againe all of them the abbat of Westminster onelie excepted line 30 who remained there behind for a fuller answer not â—nelie to those requests exhibited on the part of the king of England but also on the behalfe of the king of Almaine The marshes towards Wales in this season were brought almost desert by reason of the continuall wars with the Welshmen for what with fire sword neither building nor liuing creature nor any other thing was spared that fire sword might bring to ruine line 40 In this yeare was an exceeding great dearth in so much that a quarter of wheat was sold at London for foure and twentie shillings whereas within two or thrée yeares before a quarter was sold at two shillings It had beene more déerer if great store had not come out of Almaine for in France and in Normandie it likewise failed year 1258 But there came fiftie great ships fraught with wheat and barlie with meale and bread out of Dutchland by the procurement of Richard king of Almaine which greatlie releeued the poore for proclamation was made and order line 50 taken by the king that none of the citizens of London should buy any of that graine to laie it vp in store whereby it might be sold at an higher price vnto the needie But though this prouision did much ease yet the want was great ouer all the realme For it was certeinelie affirmed that in three shires within the realme there was not found so much graine of that yeares growth as came ouer in those fiftie ships The proclamation was set foorth to restreine the Londoners from ingrossing vp that graine and not without cause for the wealthie citizens were euill spoken of in that season bicause in time of scarsitie they would either staie such ships as fraught with vittels were comming towards the citie and send them some other way foorth or else buy the whole that they might sell it by retaile at their plesure to the needie By means of this great dearth and scarsitie the common people were constreined to liue vpon hearbs roots and a great number of the poore people died through famine which is the most miserable calamitie that can betide mortall men and was well marked euen of the heathen but notablie by Ouid who making a description of famine setteth hir foorth in most ouglie and irkesome sort intending therby the dreadfulnes of that heauie plague saieng Quaesitámque famem lapidoso vidit in antro Vnguibus raris vellentem dentibus herbas Hirtus erat crinis caua lumina pallor in ore Labra incana situ scabrirubigine dentes Dura cutis per quam spectari viscera possent Ossa sub incuruis extabant arida lumbis Ventris erat pro ventre locus pendêre putares Pectus à spinae tantummodo
which the lords came with great retinues of armed men for the better safegard of their persons manie things in the same yeare enacted contrarie to the kings pleasure and his roiall prerogatiue For the lords at the first determined to demand the confirmation of the ancient charter of liberties which his father king Iohn had granted and he himselfe had so often promised to obserue and mainteine signifieng plainelie that they meant to pursue their purpose and intent herein not sparing either for losse of life lands or goods according to that they had mutuallie giuen their faiths by ioining of hands as the manner in such cases is accustomed Besides the grant of the great charter they required other things necessarie for the state of the common-wealth to be established and enacted It was therefore first enacted that all the Poictouins should auoid the land togither with other strangers and that neither the king nor his sonne prince Edward should in anie secret manner aid them against the people Moreouer that the king his sonne should receiue an oth to stand vnto the decrees and ordinances of that parlement and withall spéed to restore the ancient lawes and institutions of the realme which they both did rather constreined therevnto by feare than of anie good will Thus not onelie the king himselfe but also his sonne prince Edward receiued an oth to obserue the ordinances of that parlement But Iohn earle Warren and the kings halfe brethren namelie the earle of Penbroke refused that oth and likewise the lord Henrie sonne to the king of Almaine excused himselfe by his fathers absence without whose consent he would not receiue it vnto whome this answer was made that if his father would not consent to the agréement of the baronage he should not possesse one furrowe of land within this realme Also whereas the earle of Leicester resigned the castels of Killingworth and Odiham into the kings hands which he had latelie receiued by his gift and newlie repaired the earle of Penbroke and his other brethren sware déepelie that they would for no mans pleasure giue ouer such castels rents and wardships of theirs as they had of the kings gift But the earle of Leicester told the earle of Penbroke flatlie and plainlie that he should either render them vp or else he should be sure to lose his head This saieng was confirmed by the generall voices of all other the barons bicause it was a speciall article concluded amongst other in that parlement The kings halfe brethren perceiuing which waie the world went stood in doubt of themselues and secretlie therevpon departing from Oxenford first withdrew vnto Winchester where Odomare one of the same brethren was bishop through whose support and by reason of the strength of such castels as he held they trusted to be in more safetie but finallie perceiuing themselues not to be so out of danger sith the barons minded to pursue them about the eighteenth daie of Iulie they departed the realme with a great number of other of their countriemen and amongest those William de saint Herman the kings caruer was one Henrie Montfort sonne to the earle of Leicester vnderstanding of their departure out of the realme followed and hearing that they were arriued at Bullogne he landed in those parts by such freendship as he found there amongst those that bare good will vnto his father he got togither a power and after a manner besieged the Poictouins within Bullogne laieng watch for them in such sort both by sea and land that there was no waie left for them to escape When they saw themselues in that danger they sent a messenger with all post hast to the French king requiring his safe conduct to passe fréelie through his realme as they trusted he would be content to grant vnto such as for refuge and safegard of life should repaire vnto him for comfort The French king courteouslie granted their request and so they were in safetie permitted to passe quietlie through the countrie In the meane while one Richard Gray chatellaine of Douer castell a right valiant man and a faithfull suffered no man to passe that waie vnsearched according to that which he had in commandement wherevpon he tooke seized into his hands line 10 a great portion of treasure which was brought thither to be transported ouer to the Poictouins that were fled out of the realme Also there was found a great quantitie of treasure in the new temple at London which they had gathered hoorded vp there which also was seized to the kings vse But now to returne vnto the doings in the parlement holden at Oxford It was ordeined as some write that the king should choose twelue persons of the realme and the communaltie of the land should line 20 choose other twelue the which hauing regall authoritie in their hands might take in charge the gouernance of the realme vpon them should from yeare to yeare prouide for the due election of iustices chancellors treasurors and other officers and see for the safe keeping of the castels which belonged to the crowne These foure and twentie gouernours appointed as prouiders for the good gouernement of the realme began to order all things at their pleasure in the meane time not forgetting to vse things chéeflie line 30 to their owne aduantages as well in prouiding eschets and wards for their sonnes and kinsfolks as also in bestowing patronages of churches belonging to the kings gift at their pleasures so that these prouiders séemed to prouide all for themselues in so much that neither king nor Christ could receiue ought amongst them and as for iustice they regarded nothing lesse their minds were so rauished with desire of priuat wealth which who so hunteth after being in place of magistracie he must néeds neglect the law line 40 and course of equitie and therefore this counsell is good which a good writer giueth in this behalfe saieng Si iustus vult esse aliquis non vtile quaerat Iusticia est multis laudata domestica paucis There be that write how there were but twelue of these gouernours chosen whose names were as followeth First the archbishop of Canturburie the bishop of Worcester Roger Bigod earle of Northfolke and marshall of England Simon de Mountfort earle of Leicester Richard de Clare earle of line 50 Glocester Humfrey Bohun earle of Hereford the earles of Warwike and Arundell sir Iohn Mansell cheefe iustice of England sir Roger lord Mortimer sir Hugh Bigod sir Peter de Sauoy sir Iames Audâ—ley and sir Peter de Mountfort To these was authoritie onelie giuen to punish and correct all such as offended in breaking of any the ordinances at this parlement established It was not long after the finishing of this parlement but that strife and variance began to kindle line 60 betwéene the king and the earles of Leicester and Glocester by reason of such officers as the
dearth increased still almost by the space of 40 yeares till the death of Edward the second in so much that sometime a bushell of wheat London measure was sold at ten shillings The king after he had remained and continued three yeares two moneths and fiftéene daies in Gascoine and in other parts there beyond the sea he returned into England on the fourth day of August and vpon the euen of the Assumption of our ladie he came to London where he was most ioifullie receiued so â—ame to Westminster where shortlie after were presented vnto him manie gréeuous complaints and informations against diuerse of his iustices as sir Thomas Weiland Adam Stretton and others the which were had in examination and thervpon found giltie of manie trespasses and transgressions in so much that it was giuen him to vnderstand that there were among them that had giuen consent to the committing of murthers and robberies and wittinglie had receiued the offendors Wherevpon the king caused streight inquirie to be made by an inquest of 12 substantiall personages who found by verdict that Thomas Weiland lord chéefe iustice of the kings bench had caused a murther to be doone by his seruants and after succoured and mainteined them hervpon he was by the kings officers arrested but escaping their hands he tooke sanctuarie in the church of the friers minors at saint Edmundesburie and was admitted into their habit but within fourtie daies after order was giuen by the king that no kind of vittels should be suffered to be conueied to that house so that all the friers came foorth except three or foure and at length he was constreined to take vpon him a laie mans apparell and comming foorth was deliuered to the hands of Robert Malet knight who had before the custodie of him and now hauing him againe brought him to the towre of London At length he was put to his choise of thrée waies which soeuer of them he would take that is whether to be tried by his péeres or to remaine in perpetuall prison or to abiure the realme he chose the last and so bare-footed and bare-headed bearing a crosse in his hand he was conueied from the towre to Douer where taking the sea he was transported to the further side of the sea his goods mooueable and vnmooueable being confisâ—atâ— to the kings coffers William Brampton Roger Leicester Iohn Luneth associats of the said Thomas and iustices of the kings bench also Robert Lithburie chapleine and maister of the rolles being accused of wrongfull iudgements and other trespasses were committed to prison within the tower and at length with much adoo escaped with paieng their fines so that he which paied least gaue a thousand marks Moreouer Salomon of Rochester Thomas de Sudington Richard de Boiland and Walter de Hopton iustices itinerants were likewise punished and for the semblable offenses put to their fines Sir Rafe de Hingham line 10 a iustice also to whome in the kings absence the ordering of the realme chéefelie apperteined being accused of diuerse transgressions and committed to the tower redeemed his offense for an infinit summe of monie Adam de Stratton lord chéefe baron of the excheker being conuicted of manie hainous crimes a man plentifullie prouided both of temporall possessions and ecclesiasticall reuenues lost all his temporall liuings and foure and thirtie thousand marks in readie coine beside other mooueables in cattell line 20 iewels and furniture of houshold which were all confiscated and forfeited wholie and it was thought he was gentlie dealt with that he escaped with life and such spirituall liuings as to him remained Henrie Braie escheator and the iudges ouer the Iewes were reported to haue committed manie greeuous offenses but for monie they bought their peace To conclude there was not found any amongst all the iustices and officers cleere and void of vniust dealing except Iohn de Metingham and Elias de Bekingham line 30 who onelie among the rest had behaued themselues vprightlie When therfore such gréeuous complaints were exhibited to the king he appointed the earle of Lincolne the bishop of Elie and others to heare euerie mans complaint and vpon due examination triall to sée them answered accordinglie as right and equitie should require In which administration of iustice against euill iusticiaries the king performed the charge imposed and laid vpon all such as are in gouernement and magistracie namelie line 40 Nunc igitur reges resipiscite quaerite rectum Quorum iudicijs terra regenda data est In the eighteenth yeare of his reigne the king married two of his daughters that is to saie Ioane de Acres vnto Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester and the ladie Margaret vnto the lord Iohn sonne to the duke of Brabant ¶ The king ordeined that all the wooll which should be sold vnto strangers should be brought vnto Sandwich where the staple thereof was kept long time after In the same yeare was a line 50 parlement holden at Westminster wherein the statutes of Westminster the third were ordeined It was also decreed that all the Iewes should auoid out of the land in consideration whereof a fifteenth was granted to the king and so héervpon were the Iewes banished out of all the kings dominions and neuer since could they obteine any priuilege to returne hither againe All their goods not mooueable were confiscated with their taillies and obligations but all other their goods that were mooueable togither with line 60 their coine of gold and siluer the king licenced them to haue and conuey with them A sort of the richest of them being shipped with their treasure in a mightie â—all ship which they had hired when the fame was vnder saile and got downe the Thames towards the mouth of the riuer beyond Quinborowe the maister mariner be thought him of a wile and caused his men to cast anchor and so rode at the same till the ship by ebbing of the streame remained on the drie sands The maister herewith entised the Iewes to walke out with him on land for recreation And at length when he vnderstood the tide to be comming in he got him backe to the ship whither he was drawne vp by a cord The Iewes made not so much hast as he did bicause they were not ware of the danger But when they perceiued how the matter stood they cried to him for helpe howbeit he told them that they ought to crie rather vnto Moses by whose conduct their fathers passed through the red sea and therefore if they would call to him for helpe he was able inough to helpe them out of those raging flouds which now came in vpon them they cried indéed but no succour appeared and so they were swallowed vp in water The maister returned with the ship and told the king how he had vsed the matter and had both thanks and reward as some haue written But other affirme and more truelie as should seeme
Amongst other that did their homage to the king himselfe was Marie quéene of Man and countesse of Stratherne vpon the 24 daie of Iulie the king being thus in S. Iohns towne otherwise called Perth To conclude he was put in full possession of the realme of Scotland receiued there homages and fealties as before ye haue heard as the direct and supreme lord of that land This doone and euerie thing ordered as séemed most expedient king Edward returned into the south parts of his realme to be at his mothers buriall that in this meane time was departed this life Hir hart was buried in the church of the Graifriers at London hir bodie at Ambresburie in the house of the nunnes ¶ After the funerals were ended king Edward returned into the north parts againe he staied a while at Yorke and during his abode there Rées ap Meridoc of whome ye haue heard before was by order of law condemned executed ¶ This yeare after Easter as the fléet laie before S. Matthewes in Britaine there rose certeine discord betwixt the Norman mariners and them of Baion and so farre the quarell increased that they fell to trie it by force the Englishmen assisting them of Baion and the French kings subiects taking part with the Normans and now they fraught not their ships so much with merchandize as with armour weapon At length the matter burst out from sparkes into open flame the sequele wherof hereafter shall appeare as we find it reported by writers But now touching the Scotish affaires At length the king comming into Scotland gaue summons to all those that claimed the crowne to appeare before him at the feast of the natiuitie of S. Iohn Baptist next insuing that they might declare more at large by what right they claimed the kingdome Hervpon when the daie of their appearance was come and that king Edward was readie to heare the matter he chose out the number of 40 persons the one halfe Englishmen and the other Scotishmen which should discusse with aduised deliberation and great diligence the allegations of the competitors deferring the finall sentence vnto the feast of S. Michaell next insuing the which feast being come after due examination full triall and assured knowledge had of the right the kingdome by all their assents was adiudged vnto Iohn Balioll who descended of the eldest daughter of Dauid king of Scotland Robert le Bruce betwixt whom and the same Balioll at length the other being excluded the question and triall onlie rested was descended of the second daughter of king Dauid though otherwise by one degrée he was néerer to him in bloud Thus writeth Nicholas Triuet But others affirme that after long disputation in the matter by order of king Edward there were appointed 80 ancient and graue personages amongst the which were 30 Englishmen vnto whom being sworne and admonished to haue God before their eies authoritie was giuen to name him that should be king These 80 persons after they had well considered vnto whome the right apperteined declared with one voiâ—e that Iohn Balioll was rightful king king Edward allowed their sentence and by his authoritie confirmed vnto the same Iohn the possession of the kingdome of Scotland with condition that if he did not gouerne that realme with iustice then vpon complaint the king of England might put vnto his hand of reformation as he was bound to doo by his right of superioritie that in him was inuested Herevpon king Edward awarded foorth his writ of deliuerie of seizine at the suit of the said I. Balioll to William and Robert bishops of S. Andrewes and Glasco to Iohn lord Comin Iames lord Steward line 10 of Scotland and to the lord Brian Fitz Alane wardens of Scotland commanding them to deliuer vnto the said Iohn Balioll the seizine and possession of that realme sauing the releefes and debts due to him of the issues and profits of the same realme vnto the day of the date of the writ which was the ninetéenth day of Nouember in the twentie yere of his reigne Also there was another writ made and directed to such as had the kéeping of the castels in their hands line 20 in forme as followeth The copie of the writ for the deliuerie of the castels EDwardus Dei gratia rex Angliae dominus Hiberniae dux Aquitaniae superior dominus regni Scotiae dilecto fideli suo Petro Burdet line 30 constabulario castri de Berwike salutem Cùm Iohannes de Baliolo nuper in parlamento nostro apud Berwicum super Tuedam venisset coram nobis petiuisset praedictum regnum Scotiae sibi per nos adiudicari seisinam ipsius regni vt propinquiori haeredi Margaretae filiae regis Norwegiae dominae Scotiae iure successionis liberari ac nos auditis intellectis petitionibus rationibus diligentur examinatis inuenerimus praefatum Iohannem de Baliolo esse propinquiorem line 40 haeredem praedictae Margaretae quo ad praedictum regnum Scotiae obtinendum propter quod idem regnum Scotiae scisinam eiusdem saluo iure nostro heredum nostrorum cum voluerimus inde loqui praedicto Iohanni reddidimus tibi mandamus quòd seisinam praedicti castri de Beruico cum omnibus pertinentijs suis vnà cum alijs omnibus rebus tibi per chirographum traditis secundum quod in praedicti castritibi commissa custodia line 50 res huiusmodi recepisti sine dilatione praefato Iohanni de Baliolo vel attornatis suis has litteras deferentibus deliberari facias Teste meipso apud Beruicum super Tuedam 19 die Nouembris Anno regni nostri 20. In English thus EDward by the grace of God king of England lord of Ireland duke line 60 of Aquitaine and superiour lord of the realme of Scotland to his welbeloued and faithfull seruant Peter Burdet conestable of the castell of Berwike sendeth greeting Where Iohn de Balioll late in parlement holden at Berwike vpon Tweed came before vs and demanded the said realme of Scotland to be adiudged to him by vs and seizine of the same realme to be to him deliuered as next heire to Margaret daughter to the king of Norwaie ladie of Scotland by right of succession We hauing heard and vnderstood the same petitions and reasons being diligentlie weighed and examined we find the said Iohn Balioll to be next heire vnto the laid Margaret as to obteine the said kingdome of Scotland whervpon we haue deliuered to him the said kingdome of Scotland and the seizine therof sauing the right of vs our heires when it shall please vs to speake therof We therefore command you that you deliuer vp vnto the said Iohn Balioll or to his attornies that shall bring with them these our present letters the seizine of the said castell of Berwike with all the appurtenances togither with all other things to you by indenture deliuered accordinglie as you did receiue the same with the
he had of the said archbishop of Yorke within one yeare nine thousand and 500 markes besides the expenses which he was at whilest he laie there and so when this archbishop was returned into England through pouertie he was driuen to gather monie of the persons préests and religious men within his prouince at two sundrie times in one yeare as first in name of a courtesie and gratious beneuolence and the second time by waie of an aid line 40 Moreouer pope Clement ordeined Anthonie bishop of Durham patriarch of Ierusalem dispensing with him so as he held still the bishoprike of Durham notwithstanding his other promotion and this was bicause the bishop was rich and the pope poore For this bishop might dispend in yearelie reuenues by purchases inheritances besides that belonged to his miter aboue fiue thousand marks and he gaue great rewards to the pope and to his cardinals by means whereof he obteined in suit against the prior line 50 of Durham so that he had the charge and ouersight of the monasterie of Durham both the spirituall gouernement and temporall through informing the pope that the prior was not able in discretion to rule the house At his returning home he caused a crosse of siluer and gilt adorned with an image of the crucifix to be borne afore him But where he appointed certeine persons as his deputies to enter into the priorie of Durham and to take charge thereof in place of the prior the moonks line 60 shut the gates against them appealing to the pope and pretending the kings protection which they had purchased But those that thus came in the bishops name accursed the moonks so departed The king héerewith was highlie offended so that he caused them to answer the matter afore the iustices of his bench and for their presumption in pronouncing the cursse without making the king priuie to their dooings they were put to their fines And whereas the bishop was summoned to appeare before the king in person at a certeine daie he made default and departing out of the realme got backe againe to the pope contrarie to the kings prohibition wherevpon the liberties of the see of Durham were seized into the kings hands and the king placed his iustices and chancellor there and in the yeare next insuing he exacted of the tenants of the archbishoprike the thirtéenth penie of their goods and otherwise vexed them with sundrie talages The conclusion of this matter was this that the prior was cited by the pope to appeare at his consistorie whither he went hauing the kings letters in his fauour directed to the pope wherevpon when the pope had examined the matter and heard the prior speake in his owne person he perceiued him to be otherwise than he was informed a sober and discréet man and therefore restored him againe to the gouernment of his house but he remained in the popes court till after the kings death and finallie died there himselfe in the yeare 1307. But now to returne to other dooings of king Edward We find that whilest he lay still at Lauercost he gaue to the earle of Warwike Bernards castell the which he had by escheat through forfeiture thereof made by Iohn Balioll late king of Scotland He also tooke and seized into his hands Penreth with the appurtenances In the octaues of S. Hilarie the king held a parlement at Carleill in the which by the peeres of the realme great complaint was made of the oppressions doone to churches abbeies and monasteries by reason of paiments latelie raised and taxed by one maister William or Guilelmo Testa the â—â—pes chapleine Commandement therefore was giuen to the same chapleine that from thencefoorth he should not leauie anie such paiments and for further remedie messengers were made foorth vnto the pope to declare vnto him the inconuenience thereof This Testa was sent from pope Clement into England with bulles in the contents whereof it appeared that the pope had reserued to himselfe the first fruits of one yeares reuenues of euerie benefice that fell void by anie manner of meanes within the realme of England Scotland Wales and Ireland and likewise of all abbeies priories and monasteries so that it may well be said of him his retinue according to the processe of all their actions as it was said of old Curia Romana non quaerit ouem sine lana But the king and lords of the land thought it against reason that the pope should take and receiue the profits of those abbeies and monasteries which had beene founded by their predecessors for the seruice of God and the maintenance of almesdeeds and good hospitalitie to be kept and so the pope changed his purpose touching abbeies but granting to the K. the tenth of the English churches for two yéers he obteined the first fruits of the same churches for himselfe as before he required In the same parlement were statutes made concerning religious men which had their head and chéefest houses in forren regions There came also at the same time a cardinall from the pope named Petrus Hispanus to procure the consummation of the mariage betwixt the prince of Wales and the French kings daughter for the same was delaied by reason that all couenants were not kept on the French kings behalfe touching the deliuerie of the townes in Gascoine For whereas in times past the French king had giuen one of those townes that were taken from the Englishmen named Mauleon vnto a French knight he kept the same still and would not deliuer it now at the French kings commandement where-through as was said the marriage had béene hitherto deferred The same cardinall by vertue of his bull would haue had of euerie cathedrall church colledge abbeie and priorie twelue marks of sterling monie and of euerie person of parish churches eight pence of euerie marke of his reuenues But the English cleargie appealed from this exaction so that by the king and his councell it was ordeined that he should haue no more than in times past cardinall Othobon did receiue that is to saie the halfe of his demand Moreouer this cardinall being at Carleill and hauing made a sermon in praise of peace vpon the conclusion of marriage betwixt the prince of Wales and the French kings daughter in the end he reuested himselfe and the other bishops which were present line 10 and then with candels light and causing the bels to be roong they accursed in terrible wise Robert Bruce the vsurper of the crowne of Scotland with all his partakers aiders and mainteiners Neuerthelesse Robert Bruce in this meane while slept not his businesse but ranging abroad in the countrie flue manie that would not obeie him and sent foorth his two brethren Thomas that was a knight and Alexander that was a préest with part of his armie into an other quarter of the countrie to allure line 20 the people vnto his obedience
like a sharpe rasor 3 Thou hast loued vngratiousnesse more than goodnesse and to talke of lies more than righteousnesse 4 Thou hast loued to speake all words that may doo hurt ô thou false toong 5 Therefore shall God destroie thee for euer he shall take thee and plucke thee out of thy dwelling and roote thee out of the land of line 20 the liuing 6 The righteous also shall see this and feare and shall laugh him to scorne 7 Lo this is the man that tooke not God for his strength but trusted vnto the multitude of his riches strengthned himselfe in his wickednesse On the same daie was Simon de Reading drawne and hanged on the same gallowes but ten foot lower than the other This Reading being marshall of the line 30 kings house had vsed the queene very vncourteouslie giuing hir manie reprochfull words which now were remembred and therefore may serue for an example how dangerous a thing it is to speake euill of the higher powers The common fame went that after this Hugh Spenser the sonne was taken he would receiue no sustenance wherefore he was the sooner put to death or else had he beene conueied to London there to haue suffered Iohn earle of Arundell was line 40 taken on S. Hughs day in the parts about Shrewesburie and the same day seuennight before the execution of the earle of Glocester Hugh Spenser the yoonger as well the said earle who had béene euer a great freend to both the Spensers as also Iohn Daniell and Thomas de Milcheldeure were put to death at Hereford by procurement of the lord Mortimer of Wigmore that hated them extreamelie by reason whereof they were not like to spéed much better for what he willed the same was doone and without him line 50 the queene in all these matters did nothing The chancellour Robert de Baldocke being committed to the custodie of Adam de Torleton bishop of Hereford remained at Hereford in safe kéeping till Candlemasse next and then the bishop being at London appointed him to be brought vp where not without the bishops consent as was thought he was taken out of his house by violence and laid in Newgate where shortlie after through inward sorow and extreame gréefe of mind he ended his life Thus the line 60 quéene and hir companie hauing compassed their businesse in so happie maner as they could wish she with hir sonne and a great companie of lords and gentlemen repaired vnto Wallingford where they kept Christmasse togither with great ioy and triumph the king in the meane while remaining as ye haue heard at Killingworth in a kind of honorable estate although he was prisoner ¶ After Christmasse the quéene with hir son and such lords as were then with them year 1327 remooued to London where at their comming thither which was before the feast of the Epiphanie they were receiued with great ioy triumph and large gifts and so brought to Westminster where the morrow after the same feast the parlement which before hand had beene summoned began in which it was concluded and fullie agréed by all the states for none durst speake to the contrarie that for diuerse articles which were put vp against the king he was not worthie longer to reigne and therefore should be deposed and withall they willed to haue his sonne Edward duke of Aquitaine to reigne in his place This ordinance was openlie pronounced in the great hall at Westminster by one of the lords on the feast day of saint Hilarie being tuesdaie to the which all the people consented The archbishop of Canturburie taking his theame Vox populi vox Dei made a sermon exhorting the people to praie to God to bestow of his grace vpon the new king And so when the sermon was ended euerie man departed to his lodging But the duke of Aquitaine when he perceiued that his mother tooke the matter heauilie in appearance for that hir husband should be thus depriued of the crowne he protested that he would neuer take it on him without his fathers consent and so therevpon it was concluded that certeine solemne messengers should go to Killingworth to mooue the king to make resignation of his crowne and title of the kingdome vnto his sonne There were sent on this message as some write thrée or as other haue two bishops two earles two abbats two or as Tho. de la More and Walsingham haue foure barons and for euerie countie citie and burrough and likewise for the cinque ports certeine knights and burgesses The bishops that were sent were these as T. de la More noteth Iohn de Stratford bishop of Winchester Adam de Torleton bishop of Hereford and Henrie bishop of Lincolne The two earles as Southwell hath were Lancaster and Warwike the two barons Rose and Courtney beside these as he saith there were two abbats two priors two iustices two friers of the order of preachers two of the Carmelits two knights for the commons on the north side of Trent and two for the other on the south side of the same riuer two citizens for London two burgesses for the cinque ports so as in all there went of this message as Southwell saith thrée and twentie or rather foure and twentie persons of one degree and other None of the frier minors went bicause they would not be the bringers of so heauie tidings sith he had euer borne them great good will The bishops of Winchester and Lincolne went before and comming to Killingworth associated with them the earle of Leicester of some called the earle of Lancaster that had the king in kéeping And hauing secret conference with the king they sought to frame his mind so as he might be contented to resigne the crowne to his sonne bearing him in hand that if he refused so to doo the people in respect of the euill will which they had conceiued against him would not faile but procéed to the election of some other that should happilie not touch him in linage And sâ—th this was the onlie meane to bring the land in quiet they willed him to consider how much he was bound in conscience to take that waie that should be so beneficiall to the whole realme The king being sore troubled to heare such displeasant newes was brought into a maruelous agonie but in the end for the quiet of the realme and doubt of further danger to himselfe he determined to follow their aâ—uise and so when the other commissioners were come and that the bishop of Hereford had declared the cause where 〈…〉 were sent the king in presence of them all notwithstanding his outward countenance discouered how much it inwardlie grieued him yet after 〈◊〉 â—as come 〈◊〉 himselfe he answered that he 〈◊〉 that he was 〈◊〉 into this miserie through his owne offensed and therefore he was contented patientlie to suffer it but yet it could not he said but gréene him that he had in such wise runne
indictement and line 30 action of trespasse found there the same daie against the said Richard Draiton and others for a like disorder and riot by them committed on the thursday next after the feast of the Purification of our ladie in the same first yeare of this king at what time they did not onelie breake into the abbie and beat the abbats men but also tooke the abbat himselfe being then at home with certeine of his moonks kéeping both him and them as prisoners till the next daie that they were constreined to seale certeine writings line 40 And amongst other a charter in which it was conteined that the abbat and his conuent did grant vnto the inhabitants of the towne of Burie to be a corporation of themselues and to haue a common seale with a gild of merchants and aldermen also they were compelled to seale another charter wherein was conteined a grant to the said inhabitants that they should haue the custodie of the towne gates and likewise the wardship of all pupils and orphans within the same towne beside diuerse other liberties line 50 Moreouer they were in like manner constreined to seale thrée seuerall obligations in which the abbat and conuent were bound to the said inhabitants as to a communaltie of a corporation in seauen thousand pounds as in two thousand by one obligation and in two thousand by an other and in three thousand by the third obligation and further they were driuen to seale a letter of release of all trespasses and other things that might be demanded against the line 60 said inhabitants with a generall acquittance of all debts Beside this the said riotous persons tooke at the same time foorth of the abbie great riches as well in plate armor books apparell as in other things They also brake downe two houses or messuages that belonged to the abbeie and situate within the towne of Burie they also destroied his fish-ponds and tooke out such store of fish as they found in the same they cut downe also thréescore ashes there growing on the soile that belonged to the said abbat and did manie other great outrages and enormities so that it was found by the inquest that the abbat was damnified to the value of other fortie thousand pounds These riots may seeme gréeuous and verie strange but yet the same were not so heinouslie taken as an other which the said inhabitants of Burie attempted against the said abbeie in manner of a plaine commotion vpon saint Lukes day in the same yeare at what time as by the records of that abbeie it should appeare both the abbat and his house were in the kings speciall protection and the said inhabitants prohibited by his letters to attempt anie iniurie against him or his conuent But neuerthelesse we find that not onelie the inhabitants of Burie but also a great number of other misgouerned persons that resorted to them from places there about arraied and furnished with horsse armor and weapons after the manner of warre came and assaulted the abbeie gates set fire on them and burned them with diuerse other houses néere adioining that belonged to the abbeie and continued in that their riotous enterprise all that day and the night following The same night also they burnt a manor of the abbats called Holdernesse barne with two other manors called the Almoners barne and Haberdone also the granges that stood without the south gate and the manour of Westlie in which places they burned in corne graine to the value of a thousand pounds The next daie they entered into the abbeie court and burnt all the houses on the north side as stables brewhouses bakehouses garners and other such necessarie houses and conuenient roomes of offices and on the other side the court they burnt certeine houses belonging to the Almonrie On the next daie they burned the mote hall and Bradford hall with the new hall and diuerse chambers and sollers to the same halles annexed with the chapell of saint Laurence at the end of the hospitall hall Also the manor of Eldhall the manor of Horninger with all the corne and graine within and about the same The next day they burnt the soller of the Sollerer with a chapell there also the kitchin the larder and a part of the farmarie On the thursdaie they burnt the residue of the farmarie and the lodging called the blacke lodging with a chapell of S. Andrew therein In executing of all these riotous disorders one Geffrie Moreman was an aider who with diuerse other persons vnknowne departed foorth of the towne of Burie and by the assent of the other his complices he burnt the manor of Fornham The same day also other of their companie as William the sonne of Iames Neketon Rafe Grubbe Richard Kerie and a great number of other persons vnknowne by the assent and abbetment of the other that committed the said disorders burnt two manors belonging also to the said abbeie in great Berton with all the corne and graine there found Upon knowledge had of these great riots and perillous commotions there was a commission directed from the king vnto Thomas earle of Northfolke high marshall of England to Thomas Bardulfe Robert Morlie Peter Wedall Iohn Howard and Iohn Walkfare authorising them with the power of the countesse of Suffolke and Norffolke to apprehend trie and punish such lewd disordered persons and rebellious malefactors which had committed such felonious enterprises to the breach of the kings peace and dangerous disquieting of his subiects but the said commissioners procéeded not according to the effect of their commission in triall of anie felonies by the same persons committed and doone but onelie caused them to be indicted of trespasse albeit Robert Walkfare and Iohn Clauer with their associats iustices of peace in their sessions holden at Elueden the tuesdaie next after the feast of the apostles Simon and Iude in the said first yeare of this K. Edward the third procéeded in such wise against the said malefactors that Iohn de Berton cordwainer Robert Foxton and a great number of other were indicted of felonie for the misdemenours afore mentioned and the indictements so found were after sent and presented vnto Iohn Stonore Walter de Friskenie Robert Malberthorpe and Iohn Bousser who by vertue of the kings commission of oier and determiner to them directed sat at S. Edmundsburie the wednesdaie next after the feast of saint line 10 Lucie the virgine and then and there sent foorth precepts to the shiriffe commanding him to apprehend the said Berton Foxton and others that were indicted of the foresaid felonies and also to returne a sufficient iurie to trie vpon their arreignment the said malefactors by order of law the fridaie next after the said feast of S. Lucie Herevpon Alane de Latoner and Robert Dalling with seauenteene others being arreigned were found guiltie and suffered death according to the order appointed for felons line 20 One Adam Miniot stood mute and refused
to be tried by his countrie and so was pressed to death as the law in such case appointeth Diuerse other were saued by their bookes according vnto the order of clerkes conuict as Alexander Brid person of Hogeset Iohn Rugham person of little Welnetham Iohn Berton cordwainer and diuerse other Some were repriued as one woman named Iulian Barbor who being big bellied was respited till she were deliuered of child Benedict Sio and Robert Russell line 30 were repriued and committed to the safe kéeping of the shiriffe as triers or appeachers as we tearme them of other offendors and bicause there was not anie as yet attached by their appeales they were commanded againe to prison One Robert de Creswell was saued by the kings letters of speciall pardon which he had there readie to shew As for Robert Foxton Adam Cokefield and a great number of other whome the shiriffe was commanded to apprehend he returned that he could not heare of them line 40 within the precinct of his bailiffewéeke wherevpon exigents were awarded against them and the shiriffe was commanded that if he might come to attach them he should not faile but so to doo and to haue their bodies there at Burie before the said iustices the thursdaie in Whitsunwéeke next insuing Diuerse also were arreigned at the same time of the said felonies and thereof acquited as Michaell Scabaille Rafe Smeremonger and others Indéed line 50 those that were found guiltie and suffered were the chéefe authors and procurors of the commotion bearing others in hand that the abbat had in his custodie a certeine charter wherein the king should grant to the inhabitants of the towne of Burie certeine liberties whereby it might appeare that they were free and discharged from the paiment of diuerse customes and exactions wherevpon the ignorant multitude easilie giuing credit to such surmised tales were the sooner induced to attempt such disorders as line 60 before are mentioned ¶ Thus haue yée heard all in effect that was doone in this first yeare of king Edward the third his reigne by and against those offendors But bicause we will not interrupt matters of other yeares with that which followed further of this businesse we haue thought good to put the whole that we intend to write thereof here in this place Yée shall therefore vnderstand that diuerse of those against whome exigents were awarded came in and yéelded their bodies to the shiriffes prison before they were called on the fift countie daie Albeit a great manie there were that came not and so were outlawed Robert Foxton got the kings pardon and so purchasing foorth a supersede as the suit therevpon against him was staied The shiriffe therefore in Whitsunwéeke in the second yeare of this kings reigne made his returne touching Benedict Sio Robert Russell Iulian Barbor so that he deliuered them vnto the bailiffes of the libertie of the abbat of Burie by reason of an ancient priuilege which the abbat claimed to belong to his house The bailiffes confessed they had receiued the said prisoners but forsomuch as they had beene arreigned at a Portmane mote which was vsed to be kept euerie thrée wéeks and vpon their arreignment were found guiltie of certeine other felonies by them committed within the towne of Burie and therevpon were put to execution Adam Finchman the kings attournie there tooke it verie euill laid it greeuouslie to the charge of the abbats officers for their hastie and presumptuous proceeding against the said prisoners namelie bicause the said Sio and Russell were repriued to the end that by their vtterance many heinous offenses might haue béene brought to light On the same daie that is to wit the thursdaie in Whitsunweeke the foresaid Robert Foxton and diuerse other came in and were attached by the shiriffe to answer the abbat to his action of trespasse which he brought against them and putting the matter to the triall of an inquest they were condemned in sixtie thousand pounds to be leuied of their goods and chattels vnto the vse of the abbat and in the meane time they were committed to prison But first they made suit that they might be put to their fines for their offenses committed against the kings peace and their request in that behalfe was granted so that vpon putting in sufficient suerties for their good abearing their fines were assessed as some at more and some at lesse as the case was thought for to require Thus rested the matter a long season after vntill the fift yeare of this kings reigne in which the thursdaie next after the feast of the blessed Trinitie the K. being himselfe in person at S. Edmundsburie aforesaid a finall agreement and concord was concluded betwixt the said abbat and his conuent on the one partie and Richard Draiton and others of the inhabitants of that towne on the other partie before the right reuerend father in God Iohn bishop of Winchester and chancellor of England and the kings iustices Iohn Stonore and Iohn Cantbridge sitting there at the same time by the kings commandement The effect of which agreement was as followeth The articles of agreement betweene the moonks of Burie and the inhabitants of Burie FIrst wheras the said abbat had recouered by iudgement before the said Iohn Stonore and other his associats iustices of oier and determiner in the said towne of Burie the summe of seuen score thousand pounds for trespasses to him and his house committed and doone by the said Richard Draiton and other the inhabitants of Burie now at the desire of the said king and for other good respects him moouing he pardoned and released vnto the said Richard Draiton and to other the inhabitants of Burie to their heires executors and assigns the summe of 122333 pounds eight shillings eight pence of the said totall summe of 140000 pounds And further the said abbat and conuent granted and agreed for them and their successors that if the said Richard Draiton other the inhabitants of the said towne of Burie or any of them their heires executors or assignes should paie to the said abbat conuent or their successors within twentie yeares next insuing the date of that present agreement 2000 marks that is to saie 100 marks yearelie at the feasts line 10 of S. Michaell Easter by euen portions that then the said Richard other the inhabitants of the towne of Burie should be acquited discharged of 4000 marks parcell of 17666 pounds thirteene shillings foure pence residue behind for euer Moreouer whereas the said abbat and conuent the said abbat by himselfe since the 19 yeare of the reigne of king Edward line 20 the second vnto that present time had sealed certeine charters deeds writings as well with the proper seale of the abbat as with the common seale of the abbat conuent if the said Richard and the inhabitants of the said towne of Burie did restore vnto the said abbat conuent all the same
commandement discharged on the 22 daie of March and Richard Whitington mercer chosen in his place On the eight of Iune being Trinitie sundaie the parlement yet continuing that noble and famous prince Edward the kings sonne departed this life within the kings palace at Westminster His bodie was conueied to Canturburie with great solemnitie and there honorablie buried He died in the 46 yeare of his age a prince of such excellent demeanour so valiant wise and politike in his dooings that the verie and perfect representation of knighthood appeared most liuelie in his person whilest he liued so that the losse of him stroke a generall sorrow into the harts of all the English nation For such was his towardnesse or rather perfection in princelie gouernement that if he had liued and atteined to the crowne euerie man iudged that he would suerlie haue excéeded the glorious renowme of all his ancestors This princes death is bréefelie touched by C. Okland who after mention made of the great victories atchiued by his father the king against his enimies and concluding him to be verie happie and fortunate in the issue of his attempts saith inclytus ille monarchae Vndique ter foelix nisi quòd â—rux Atropos occat Ante diem gnati fatalia stamina vitae The French king kept his obsequie in most reuerend wife in the chapell of his palace at Paris After his death the king called to him againe the foresaid persons that had beene from him remooued and the said sir Peers de la Mere that was speaker in the parlement as before yée haue hard for his eloquence shewed in reproouing the misgouernment of the said persons and namelie of the said dame Alice Peres line 10 was now committed to prison within the castell of Notingham About the same time the truce was againe prolonged till the first daie of Aprill next following ¶ King Edward after the deceasse of his sonne prince Edward created the lord Richard sonne to the said prince as heire to him prince of Wales and gaue to him the earledomes of Chester Cornewall ¶ Moreouer bicause the king waxed féeble and sicklie through langor as some suppose conceiued for the death of his sonne he appointed the rule of the line 20 relme to his sonne the duke of Lancaster ordeining him as gouernour vnder him and so he continued during his fathers life A great riot happened betwixt the seruants of the earle of Warwike and the tenants of the abbat of Euesham so that manie of the said abbats seruants were slaine and hurt The fish-ponds and warrens belonging to the abbie were broken and spoiled so that greater hurt would haue followed thereof if the line 30 kings letters had not beene sent downe to the earle commanding him to staie his men from such misdemeanours All the nobles of the realme were caused to sweare that after the kings decease they shuld admit and mainteine Richard prince of Wales for their king and souereigne lord And vpon Christmasse day the king caused him to sit at his table aboue all his owne children in high estate as representing the personage of the heire apparant to the crowne line 40 This yeare being the one and fiftith and last of king Edwards reigne there were sent againe to Bruges as commissioners to treat of peace on the part of king Edward Iohn lord Cobham the bishop of Hereford and the maior of London And for the French part thither came the earle of Salebruch monsieur de Chatillon and Phillibert Lespoit And still the two legats were present as mediatours betwixt the parties moouing a mariage to be had betwixt Richard prince of Wales and the ladie Marie daughter to line 50 the French king But they departed in sunder for this time without anie conclusion But shortlie after in Lent following there was a secret meeting appointed to be had at Montreuill by the sea whither came from the king of England sir Richard Dangle a Poictouine sir Richard Stan Geffrie Chaucer For the French king there appeared the lord Coucie and others These commissioners treated a long season concerning the mariage and when they had vnderstanding and felt each others meaning line 60 they departed and made report of the same to their maisters The truce was againe prolonged till the first daie of Maie And in the meane time the earle of Salisburie the bishop of saint Dauie lord chancellour of England and the bishop of Hereford went ouer to Calis In like case the lord of Coucie and sir William Dorman chancellor of France came to Montreuill But they durst not meet at anie indifferent place on the frontiers for the doubt that either partie had of other for anie thing the legats could saie or doo Thus these commissioners abode in that state till the truce was expired And when the warre was open then sir Hugh Caluerlie was sent ouer to Calis to remaine vpon safe kéeping of that towne as deputie there The earle of Salisburie and the other commissioners returned into England and with them the duke of Britaine On the twelfth day of Aprill this yeare one sir Iohn Minsterworth knight was drawne hanged headed and quartered at Tiborne being first condemned and adiudged to suffer that execution before the maior of London and other the kings iustices in the Guildhall for treason by him committed in defrauding souldiers of their wages for where he had receiued great summes of monie to make paiment thereof to them he reteined the same to his owne vse Moreouer as in the fortie foure yeare of this king yée haue heard he was the chéefe procurer and setter forward of the dissention that rose in the armie which vnder the leading of sir Robert Knolles was sent into France And when in that iournie he had lost most of his men and was escaped himselfe into England he laid all the blame on sir Robert Knolles accusing him to the king of heinous treason so as the king tooke no small displeasure against the said sir Robert insomuch that he durst not returne into England till he had pacified the kings wrath with monie and that the knowne fidelitie of the man had warranted him against the malicious and vntrue suggestions of his enimies Wherevpon the said Minsterworth perceiuing his craft to want the wished successe he fled to the French king and conspiring with him to annoie the realme of England by bringing the Spanish nauie to inuade the same at length he was taken in the towne of Pampilona in Nauarre and brought backe into England where he tasted the deserued fruit of his contriued treason as before yée haue heard About this season there rose in the vniuersitie of Oxenford a learned man Iohn Wiclife borne in the north parts who being a secular preest and a student in diuinitie began to propone certeine conclusions greatlie contrarie to the doctrine of the church in those daies established speciallie he
this rule he was to be punished as a traitor 7 Item it was asked whether the king when soeuer it pleased him might not dissolue the parlement and command the lords and commons to depart from thence line 30 or not Wherevnto it was answered that he might 8 Item it was inquired that for somuch as it was in the king to remooue such iustices and officers as offend and to punish them for their offenses whether the lords commons might without the kings will impeach the same officers and iustices vpon their offenses in parlement or not To line 40 this answer was made that they might not and he that attempted contrarie was to suffer as a traitor 9 Item it was inquired how he is to be punished that mooued in the parlement that the statute wherin Edward the sonne of king Edward great grandfather to the king that now is was indicted in parlement might be sent for by inspection of line 50 which statute the said new statute or ordinance and commission were conceiued and deuised in the parlement To which question with one accord as in all the residue they answered that as well he that so summoned as the other which by force of the same motion brought the said statute into the parlement house be as publike offendors and traitors to be line 60 punished 10 Item it was inquired of them whether the iudgement giuen in the parlement against Michaell de la Poole earle of Suffolke were erronious and reuocable or not To which question likewise with one assent they said that if the same iudgement were now to be giuen the iustices and sergeant aforesaid would not giue the same bicause it seemed to them that the said iudgement is reuocable and erronious in euerie part In witnesse of the premisses the iustices sergeant aforesaid to these presents haue set their seals these being witnesses Alexander archbishop of Yorke Robert archbishop of Dubline Iohn bishop of Durham Thomas bishop of Chester Iohn bishop of Bangor Robert duke of Ireland Michaell erle of Suffolke Iohn Ripon clearke and Iohn Blake Now beside these iustices and sergeant there were called at that present vnto Notingham all other iustices of the realme and the shiriffes Also diuerse of the citie of London which the king knew would incline to his will the rather for that some of them hauing aforetime confessed treason against the king by them imagined and obteining pardon for the same were readie at his commandement to recompense such fauour in the accomplishment of whatsoeuer they knew might stand with his pleasure Herevpon they being impanelled to inquire of certeine treasons that were supposed to be committed by the lords which in the last parlement had so caused things to passe contrarie to the kings pleasure indicted the same lords of manie crimes informed against them ¶ The Londoners indeed were euill reported of in those daies by some writers for their vnstablenesse one while holding on the kings part and with such as were chéefe in counsell about him and an other while on the lords side that were of a contrarie faction according as the streame of their affections draue them and as they were carried awaie perforce by the floud of their variable willes whereby they were diuided into differing passions as they were assaulted by sundrie and vncerteine desires which is the nature of the people as the poet noteth saieng Scinditur incertum studia in contraria vulgus But now as concerning the cause whie the shiriffes were called hither it was chéeflie to vnderstand what power of men they might assure the king of to serue him against the lords and barons whome he tooke to be his enimies and further that where he meant to call a parlement verie shortlie they should so vse the matter that no knight might be chosen but such as the king and his councell should name But answer was made herevnto by the shiriffes that the lords were so highlie beloued of the commons that it laie not in their powers to assemble any great forces against the lords and as for choosing the knights of the shires they said that the commons would vndoubtedlie vse their ancient liberties and priuileges in choosing such as they thought meetest But yet after that the indictments were found according to the desire of the king and his councellors and that those which had béene called about this matter were licenced to depart home the king and the duke of Ireland sent messengers into euerie part of the realme to reteine men of warre to assist them in the quarell against the lords if néed were Manie made answer that sith they knew the lords to be faithfull and loiall to the king euen from the bottome of their hearts and were readie to studie to deuise and to doo all things that might tend to his honor and wealth of the realme they might not by anie meanes beare armour against them But a great number of other that tooke it that they were reteined for a good and necessarie purpose promised to be readie whensoeuer it should please the king to send for them The lords being in this meane while aduertised of these dooings were striken with great heauinesse for that not knowing themselues as they tooke it giltie of anie offense the king should thus seeke their destruction Herewith the duke of Glocester meaning to mitigate the kings displeasure receiued a solemne oth before the bishop of London and diuerse other lords protesting by the same oth that he neuer imagined nor went about any thing to the kings hinderance but to his power had alwaies doone what he might to aduance the kings honor prosperous state and good liking except onelie that he had giuen no good countenance to the duke of Ireland whom the king so much loued And suerlie for that the said duke had dishonored his kinswoman and the kings line 10 also he was firmelie determined to reuenge that iniurie vpon him and herewith he besought the bishop of London to declare what his words were vnto the king The bishop comming to the king made report of the duke of Glocesters protestation confirmed with his oth in such wise as the king began somewhat to be persuaded that it was true But when the earle of Suffolke perceiued that fearing least the reconciliation of the king and the duke his vncle should turne line 20 to his undooing he began to speake against the duke till the bishop bad him hold his peace and told him that it nothing became him to speake at all And when the earle asked why so Bicause said the bishop thou wast in the last parlement condemned for an euill person and one not worthie to liue but onelie it pleaseth the king to shew thée fauour The king offended with the bishops presumptuous words commâ—nded him to depart get him home to his church who foorthwith departed and declared to the duke of line 30 Glocester what he had heard and séene Herevpon the
this present parlement After the which words thus said as before is declared it was decréed also by the said lords arbitrators that the said lord of Winchester should haue these words that follow vnto my said lord of Glocester My lord of Glocester I haue conceiued to my great heauinesse that yée should haue receiued by diuerse reports that I should haue purposed and imagined against your person honor and estate in diuers maners for the which yée haue taken against me great displeasure Sir I take God to my witnesse that what reports so euer haue béene to you of me peraduenture of such as haue had no great affection to me God forgiue it them I neuer imagined ne purposed anie thing that might be hindering or preiudice to your person honor or estate and therefore I praie you that yee be vnto me good lord from this time foorth for by my will I gaue neuer other occasion nor purpose not to doo hereafter by the grace of God The which words so by him said it was decréed by the same arbitrators that my lord of Glocester should answer and saie Faire vncle sith yée declare you such a man as yée saie I am right glad that it is so and for such a man I take you And when this was doone it was decréed by the same arbitrators that euerie each of my lord of Glocester and Winchester should take either other by the hand in the presence of the king and all the parlement in signe and token of good loue accord the which was doone and the parlement adiorned till after Easter At this reconciliation such as loued peace reioised sith it is a fowle pernicious thing for priuat men much more for noblemen to be at variance sith vpon them depend manie in affections diuerse whereby factions might grow to the shedding of bloud though others to whom contention hartgrudge is delight wished to see the vttermost mischéefe that might therof insue which is the vtter ouerthrow and desolation of populous tribes euen as with a litle sparkle whole houses are manie times consumed to ashes as the old prouerbe saith and that verie 〈◊〉 and aptlie Sola scintilla perit haec domus aut 〈◊〉 illa But when the great fier of this 〈◊〉 betwéene these two noble personages was thus by the arbitrators to their knowledge and iudgement vtterlie quenched out and said vnder boord all other controuersies betwéene other lords taking part with the one partie or the other were appeased and brought to concord so that for ioy the king caused a solemne fest to be kept on Whitsundaie on which daie he created Richard Plantagenet sonne and heire to the erle of Cambridge whome his father at Southhampton had put to death as before yee haue heard duke of Yorke not foreséeing that this preferment should be his destruction nor that his séed should of his generation be the extreame end and finall conclusion He the same daie also promoted Iohn lord Mowbraie and earle marshall sonne and heire to Thomas duke of Norffolke by king Richard the second exiled this realme to the title name and stile of duke of Norffolke During this feast the duke of Bedford adorned the king with the high order of knighthood who on the same daie dubbed with the sword these knights whose names insue Richard duke of Yorke Iohn duke of Norffolke the earle of Westmerland Henrie lord Persie Iohn lord Butler sonne to the earle of Ormond the lord Rosse the lord Matrauers the lord Welles the lord Barkelie sir Iames Butler sir Henrie Greie of Tankaruile sir Iohn Talbot sir Rafe Greie of Warke sir Robert Uéere sir Richard Greie sir Edmund Hungerford sir Water Wingfield sir Iohn Butler sir Reginald Cobham sir Iohn Passheleu sir Thomas Tunstall sir Iohn Chedocke sir Rafe Langstre sir William Drurie sir William ap Thomas sir Richard Carnonell sir Richard Wooduile sir Iohn Shirdlow sir Nicholas Blunket sir William Cheinie iustice sir William Babington sir Rafe Butler sir Robert Beauchampe sir Edmund Trafford sir Iohn Iune cheefe baron and diuerse others After this solemne feast ended a great aid and subsidie was granted for the continuance of the conquest in France and so therevpon monie was gathered and men were prepared in euerie citie towne and countrie During which businesse Thomas duke of Excester great vncle to the king a right sage and discréet councellor departed out of this mortall life at his manor of Gréenewich and with all funerall pompe was conueied through London to Berrie and there buried ¶ In the same yeare also died the ladie Elizabeth halfe sister to the same duke and of the whole bloud with king Henrie the fourth maried first to the lord Iohn Holland duke of Excester and after to the lord Fanhope buried at the blacke friers of London Philip Morgan after the death of Iohn Fortham line 10 sometime treasuror of England year 1425 bishop of Elie and Durham both which bishopriks for anie thing that I can yet sée he inioied both at one time was made bishop of Elie in the yeare of our redemption 1425 in this sort Henrie the sixt and manie of the nobilitie had written to the conuent of the church of Elie to choose William Alnewicke doctor of both lawes confessor to the king and kéeper of the priuie seale to be their bishop Notwithstanding which they hauing more regard to their owne priuileges and benefit line 20 chose Peter the prior of Elie to succéed in the place of Iohn Fortham But none of both these inioied that roome for Martin bishop of Rome stepping into the matter to make the third part neither fauouring the kings motion nor approouing the monks election remooued this William Morgan from the see of Worcester vnto Elie sometime called Helix as I haue séene it set downe in Saxon characters in an ancient booke of the liues of saints written in the Saxon toong about the yeare of Christ 1010 before the time of Edward the confessor and much about the time of line 30 Albo Floriacensis This Morgan sat at Elie nine yeares twentie and six wéeks and foure daies departing this life in his manour of Hatfield in the yeare 1434 and was buried at the Charterhouse of London being the twentie and fourth bishop that was installed in that place While these things were thus a dooing in England year 1426 the earle of Warwike lieutenant for the regent in France entered into the countrie of Maine line 40 besieged the towne of Chateau de Loire the which shortlie to him was rendered whereof he made capteine Matthew Gough esquier After this he tooke by assault the castell of Maiet and gaue it for his valiantnesse to Iohn Winter esquier and after that he conquered the castell of Lude and made there capteine William Gladesdale gentleman Here he was informed that the Frenchmen were assembled in the countrie of Beausse wherevpon he hasted thitherwards to haue giuen them battell but they hauing line 50
sir Francis called the Aragoignois a noble capteine of the English part in Normandie tooke by force and policie the towne of Montargis with a great preie of treasure and prisoners and put therein a garrison leauing it well furnished with vittels and munition About the same time the earle of Arundell being truelie informed that the lord Bousac marshall of France was come to Beauuois intending to doo some feat in Normandie assembled the number of thrée and twentie hundred men and comming néere to the said towne of Beauuois sent a great number of light horssemen to run before the towne to traine out the Frenchmen within the which issuing out and following the English horssemen vnto their stale were so inclosed and fought with that in maner all the number of them saue a few which fled backe into the towne with the marshall were slaine or taken Amongst other of the cheefest prisoners that valiant capteine Pouton de Santrails was one who without delaie was exchanged for the lord Talbot before taken prisoner at the battell of Pataie There was also taken one called the sheepheard a simple man and a sillie soule but yet of such reputation for his supposed holinesse amongst the Frenchmen that if he touched the wall of any of their aduersaries townes they beléeued verelie it would incontinentlie fall downe This chance succéeded not fortunatlie alone vnto the English nation for Richard Beauchampe earle of Warwike had a great skirmish before the towne of Gournie where he discomfited and repelled his enimies and beside those that were slaine he tooke fortie horssemen all being gentlemen of name and armes Like chance happened to the fréends of king Charles towards the marches of Lorraine where Reigner duke of Bar besieged the towne of Uaudemont perteining to the earle thereof named Anthonie cousine to the same duke Reigner This earle before the dukes approching left a conuenient crue within the towne to defend it and with all spéed rode to the dukes of Bedford and Burgognie being then at the foresaid great triumph at Paris where he purchased such fauour at their hands bicause he had euer taken their parts that not onelie sir Iohn Fastolfe was appointed to go with him hauing in his companie six hundred archers but also the duke of Burgognies marshall named sir Anthonie Toulongon accompanied with fiftéene hundred other men of warre When the duke of Bar heard that his enimies were thus comming towards him like a hardie capteine he raised his siege and met face to face with the earle and his companie betwéene whome was a cruell and mortall battell The horssemen of the French side endured long but in conclusion the English archers so galled their horsses and so wounded the men that the Barrois Almains and other of duke Reigners side were compelled to flee In the chase was taken the duke of Bar the bishop of Metz the lord of of Roquedemaque sir Euerard of Salseburgh the Uicont Darcie and two hundred other beside three thousand which were slaine In this luckie time also no lesse occasion of victorie was offered to the Englishmen in an other part if they could haue vsed it with such circumspect warinesse as had beene expedient For Robert lord Willoughbie and Matthew Gough a valiant Welshman with fifteene hundred Englishmen laid siege to a towne in Aniou called saint Seuerine Whereof line 10 Charles the French king being aduertised sent with all speed the lord Ambrose de Lore with manie noble men to the succours of them within the towne wherof the same lord Ambrose was capteine and therefore made the more hast to releeue his deputie and the other being streictlie besieged but yet staied at the towne of Beaumont till his whole power might come to him The Englishmen aduertised of this intent of the capteine came vpon him in the night and found the line 20 Frenchmens watch so out of order that a thousand men were entered into the campe before they were espied by reason whereof the Englishmen found small resistance But when the daie began to appeare and that the sunne had set foorth his bright beames abroad that all things might be seene the Englishmen giuen wholie to spoile followed not their enimies in chase but being contented with their preie and gaine began to retreit toward the siege againe line 30 which the lord Willoughbie still mainteined with a part of the armie But sée the chance The Frenchmen which were coÌ„ming after hearing by the noise of the people that some fraie was at hand put spurres to their horsses and set on the Englishmen pestered with bag and baggage of the spoile and preie which they had gotten in the French campe The other of the Frenchmen which before had fled returned againe and aided their fellowes so that the Englishmen being taken out of order were compelled to flée of whome line 40 Matthew Gough and diuerse other were taken prisoners And yet of the other part manie were slaine and a great number taken amongst whom was the lord de Lore who for all that the Frenchmen could doo was kept and not deliuered The lord Willoughbie hearing of this mishap raised his siege and departed verie sore displeased in his mind but could not remedie it About this season Nicholas the cardinall of the holie crosse was sent into France as a legat from line 50 Eugenie the fourth as then bishop of Rome to treat a peace betwéene the Englishmen and Frenchmen But when after great instance and labour made betweene the parties he saw their obstinate and froward minds nothing inclined to anie agréement he wan so much at their hands by earnest sute that a truce was granted to indure for six yeares to come but as the same was hardlie granted so was it of the Frenchmen soone and lightlie broken For the bastard line 60 of Orleance newlie made earle of Dunois tooke by treson the towne of Chartres from the Englishmen affirming by the law of armes that stealing or buieng a towne without inuasion or assault was no breach of league amitie or truce In which towne he slue the bishop bicause he was a Burgognian Hereby did new malice increase and mortall warre began eftsoones to be put in vre Whilest these things were dooing in France the cardinall of Winchester was come backe againe into England to appease certeine commotions and sturres aâ—tempted by sundrie persons vnder colour of religion but after that William Mandeuile and Iohn Sharpe the chéefe authors thereof were apprehended and executed by the gouernour and the kings iustices the residue yeelded and confessed their offenses whereof two articles were these as some write that priests should haue no possessions and that all things by the order of charitie among christian people should be in common Other thought their opinions were not such errours but that their enimies spread abroad such rumors of them to make them more odious to the people After that a parlement was called by
none Wherfore my right doubted lord sith there is great good behouefull at this time for the weale and safegard of your realmes the pouertie necessitie indigence of your liege people in highnesse vnderstand like it vnto your noble grace to consider the said lucre of the said cardinall and the great deceipts that you be receiued in by the labour of him of the archbishop aswell in this your realme as in your realme of France and duchie of Normandie where neither office liuelode nor capteine may be had without too great good giuen vnto him wherby a great part of all the losse that is lost they haue béene the causers of for who that would giue most his was the price not considering the merits seruice nor sufficiance of persons Furthermore it is greatlie to be considered how when the said cardinall had forfeited all his goods bicause of prouision as the statute therevpon more plainelie declareth by hauing the rule of you my right doubted lord purchased himselfe in great defraudation of your highnesse a charter of pardon the which good and it had be well gouerned might manie yeares haue susteined your warres without anie tallage of your poore people 23 Item my redoubted lord whereas I write much thing for the weale of you and of your realms peraduenture some will saie and vnderstand that I would or haue written by waie of accusement of all your councell which God knoweth I doo not for your highnesse may well sée that I name them that be causers of the said inordinate rule Wherfore considering that the said cardinall and archbishop of Yorke beene they that pretend the gouernance of you and of your realmes and lordships please it vnto your highnesse of your rightwisenesse to estrange them of your councell to that intent that men may be at their freedome to say what they thinke of truth 24 For truth I dare speake of my truth the poore dare not doo so And if the cardinall and the archbishop of Yorke may afterward declare themselues of that is and shal be said of them you my right doubted lord may then restore them againe to your councell at your noble pleasure When the king had heard the accusations thus laid by the duke of Glocester against the cardinall he committed the examination thereof to his councell whereof the more part were spirituall persons so that what for feare and what for fauour the matter was winked at and nothing said to it onelie faire countenance was made to the duke as though no malice had béene conceiued agaiâ—st him But venem will breake out inward grudge will soone appeare which was this yeare to all men apparant for diuers secret attempts were aduanced forward this season against this noble man Humfreiâ— duke of Glocester a far off which in conclusion came so néere that they beereft him both of life and land as shall hereafter more plainelie appéere For first this yeare dame Eleanor Cobham wife to the said duke was accused of treason for that she by sorcerie and inchantment intended to destroie the king to the intent to aduance hir husband vnto the crowne Upon this 〈…〉 examined in saint Stephans chappell before the bishop of Canturburie and there bâ— examination 〈…〉 open penance in thrée open placâ—â— within the citie of London Polychronicoâ— saith she was iâ—ioâ—ied to go through â—â—eapside 〈◊〉 taper in hir hand and after that adiudged to perpetuall imprisonâ—â—nt in the I le of Man vnder the kâ—â—ping of sir Iohn Stanlie knight At the same season â—ere arrested â—â—â—eigned and adiudged giltie as aiders to thâ— duchesse Thomas line 10 Southwell priest 〈◊〉 canon of S. Stephans at Westminster Iohn Hun priest Roger Bolingbrooke a cunning necromancer as it was said and Margerie Iordeine surnamed the witâ—h of Eie The matter laid against them was â—or that they at the request of the said duchesse had deuised an image of war representing the king which by their sorcerie by little and little consumed intending thereby in conclusion to waste and destroie the kâ—ngs person Margerie Iordeine was burnt in Smitâ—field and line 20 Roger Bolingbrooke was drawne to Taborne and hanged and quartered taking vpon his death that there was neuer anie such thing by them imagined Iohn Hun had his pardon and Southwest died in the Tower the night before his execution for saith Polychr he did prophesie of himselfe that he should die in his bed and not by iustice The duke of Glocester bare all these things patientlie 〈◊〉 said little Edward sonne to the duke of Yorke was borne this yeare the nine and twentith of Aprill at Rone his father line 30 being the kings lieutenant in Normandie ¶ In this yeare was a great fraie in Fléetstréet in the night time betwéene gentlemen of courts and inhabitants of London insomuch that much bloud was spilt diuerse slaine outright and some mortallie wounded besides great harme otherwise doone and suffered ¶ Upon the daie of the translation of saint Edward or the twelfth of October vpon which daie the maior and his brethren for the yeare following and line 40 daie when the commoners of the citie after their ancient custome had chosen two aldermen such as before had béene shiriffes of London and of Middlesex namelie Robert Clopton draper and Rafe Holland tailoâ— and them presented by name vnto the maior and his brethren then sitting in the vtter chamber where the maiors courts be kept to the intent that the said maior and his brethren might choose one of the said two such as they thought most necessarie and worshipfull for the roome the said maior and his brethren choosing Robert Clopton brought him after line 50 downe vpon his right hand towards the hall Whereof when certeine tailors there present were aware and saw that Rafe Holland was not chosen anon they cried Nay nay not this but Rafe Holland Wherewith the old maior being astonished stood still vpon the staire and commanded them to keepe silence and so held on his waie to the east end of the hall where he sat him downe and his brethren about him In the meane time the said tailors continued line 60 their crie and incensed others of base traâ—es of the citie as simple persons to take their part and to crie as fast as they not proffering to cease their misrule for all that the maior could saie no nor yet when the maiors sergeant at armes had cried Oâ—yes Herevpon the maior to appease the rumor sent downe the shiriffes and commanded them to take the offendors and send them to the goale which precept was fulfilled about twelue or sixteene of the principall committed to Newgate where some of them abode a long time imprisoned and others that were fined set at libertie This is reported by Polychronicon but in somewhat a differing maner The councell of England forgat not the late enterprise of the 〈◊〉 king atchiued in the duchie of of Guien and the refore doubting
abiding there onelie for that dutie He paied also the debts of all such persons as laie in the counters or Ludgate for fourtie shillings vnder and some he reléeued that were condemned in ten pounds Hervpon were processions generallie vsed euerie daie in euerie citie and parish to praie to almightie God for his restoring to health and long line 30 continuance of the same Neuerthelesse he was so 〈◊〉 with his long maladie that nature could no 〈…〉 his life and so he departed out of this 〈◊〉 two and twentith of Aprill in his palace of 〈…〉 in the yéere of our Lord 1509. His corpse 〈◊〉 conueied with all funerall pompe to Westâ—â—â—â—tâ—r and there buried by the good queene his wife 〈◊〉 sumptuous chapell which he not long before had 〈◊〉 to be builded Hâ— reigned thrée and twentie yeares and more line 40 than seuen moneths and liued two and fiftie yeares He had by his quéene Elizabeth foure sonnes and foure daughters of the which thrée remained aliue behind him Henrie his second son prince of Wales which after him was king Margaret quéene of Scots and the ladie Marie promised to Charles king of Castile He was a man of bodie but leane and spare albeit mightie and strong therewith of personage and stature somewhat higher than the meane sort of men of a woonderfull beautie and faire complexion line 50 of countenance merie and smiling especiallie in his communication his eies graie his téeth single and haire thin of wit in all things quicke and prompt of a princelie stomach and hautie courage In great perils doubtfull affaires and matters of importance supernaturall and in maner diuine for he ordered all his dooings aduisedlie and with great deliberation Besides this he was sober moderate honest courteous bountious and so much abhorring pride and line 60 arrogancie that he was euer sharpe and quicke to them that were noted with that fault He was also an indifferent and vpright iusticer by the which one thing he allured to him the hearts of manie people and yet to this seueritie of his he ioined a certeine mercifull pitie which he did extend to those that had offended the penall lawes and were put to their fines by his iustices He did vse his rigour onelie as he said himselfe to dant bring low and abate the high minds and stout stomachs of the wealthie and wild people nourished vp in seditious factions and ciuill rebellions rather than for the gréedie desire of monie although such as were scourged with amerâ—iaments cried out and said it was rather for the respect of gaine than for anie politike prouision Indéed he left his coffers well stuffed for he was no wastfull consumer of his riches by anie inordinat meanes To conclude he had asmuch in him of gifts both of bodie mind and fortune as was possible for anie potentate or king to haue His politike wisedome in gouernance was singular his wit alwaie quicke and readie his reason pithie and substantiall his memorie fresh and holding his experience notable his counsels fortunate and taken by wise deliberation his spéech gratious in diuerse languages his person as before ye haue heard right comelie his naturall complexion of the purest mixture leagues and confederations he had with all christian princes His mightie power was dread euerie where not onelie within his realme but without Also his people were to him in as humble subiection as euer they were to king his land manie a daie in peace and tranquillitie his prosperitie in battell against his enimies was maruellous his dealing in time of perils and dangers was cold and sober with great hardinesse If anie treason were conspired against him it came out wonderfullie His buildings most goodlie and after the newest cast all of pleasure And so this king liuing all his time in fortunes fauour in high honour wealth and glorie for his noble acts and prudent policies is woorthie to be registred in the booke of fame least time the consumer of all worthie things should blot out the memorie of his name here in earth whose soule we trust liueth in heauen enioieng the fruition of the godhead those pleasures prepared for the faithfull In memorie of whome his manifold vertues with the fortunat successe of his affaires and the gratious descent of his loines as they procured a famous report in nations farre and néere so haue some at the contemplation of his princelinesse and euerie waie crowned with felicitie made memorials of his magnificence to the immortalitie of his high praise and vnblemishable renowme among whome for the truth of the report iustifiable by the contents of this historie one commeth to mind which may well serue for an epitaph Septimus Henricus factis est nomen adeptus Praeclarum claris ventura in secula famae Ciuibus ille suis fuerat charissimus hostes Omnes iure ipsum metuebant numinis almi Relligiosus erat cultor pieâ—atis aequi Versutos hominésque malos vehementiùs odit Viginti totos charus trésque ampliùs annos Regibus externis in summo vixit honore Magnanimus iustus rex prudens atque modestus Henrico haeredi moriens sua regna reliquit Diuitiásque immensum argenti pondus auri ¶ The altar and sepulture of the same king Henrie the seuenth wherein he now resteth in his new chappell at Westminster was made and finished in the yeare of our Lord 1519 by one Peter T. a painter of the citie of Florence for the which he receiued one thousand pounds sterling for the whole stuffe and workemanship at the hands of the kings executors Richard bishop of Winchester Richard Fitz Iames bishop of London Thomas bishop of Duresme Iohn bishop of Rochester Thomas duke of Norffolke treasuror of England Edward earle of Worcester the king chamberleine Iohn F. knight chiefe iustice of the kings Bench Robert R. knight chiefe iustice of the common plees c. Of learned men that liued in this kings daies as maister Bale noteth them these are recorded First George Rippeleie a Carmelite frier at Boston seene in the mathematikes he wrote diuerse treatises and after his decease was accounted a nekromancer Iohn Erghom borne in Yorke a blacke â—rier a doctor of diuinitie professed in Oxford studious of prophesies as by the title of the works which he wrote it may appeare Iohn Persiuall a Chartreux monke Thomas Maillorie a Welshman borne he wrote I wote not what of king Arthur and of the round table Iohn Rousse borne in Warwikeshire a diligent searcher of antiquities whervpon few libraries were any where to be seene in England and Wales where he made not search for the same and wrote sundrie treatises of historicall arguments He deceassed at line 10 Warwike the fourtéenth of Ianuarie in the yeare 1491 and was buried in our ladie church there Thomas Scroope otherwise surnamed Bradleie descended of the noble familie of the Scroops professed sundrie kinds of religions as that of the order of saint Benet and
line 30 death his hart was buried in the friers minors of Oxford and his bodie committed to the earth in the monasterie of Hales being Charterhouse moonks which he had builded at his charge of 10000 marks which at this daie at fiue shillings the ounce of siluer amounteth to the summe of twentie thousand pounds He had two sonnes the one called Henrie by his first wife Isabell the other called Edmund de Almania by his second wife Sinthia Henrie was slaine by Simon and Guie of Montfort sonnes line 40 of the last Simon Montfort earle of Leicester in the life of his father Richard in Italie at Uiterbo in the yere of our redemption 1270. Which fact being doone in saint Syluesters church as he was at masse occasioned the townesmen to paint the maner of his death on the wall of the church and that picture being beheld by a certeine versifier he was vrged therevpon to compose these following verses Regis Theutonici Richardi clara propago line 50 Sternitur Henricus velut haec designat imago Dum redit à Tripoli regum fultus comitiua In crucis obsequio patitur sub gente nociua Irruit in templum post missam stirps Guenâ—lonis Perfodit gladius hunc Simonis atque Guidonis Disposuit Deus vt per eos vir tantus obiret Ne reuocatis his gens Anglica tota periret Anno milleno Domini cum septuageno Atque duceno Carolo sub rege sereno Vrbe Viterbina fit in eius carne ruina line 60 Coeli regina precor vt sit ei medicina His bones were brought into England and buried in the monasterie of Hales where his father was after also buried but his hart was bestowed in a guilt cup and placed beside the chaine of saint Edward the Confessor in Westminster abbeie The other sonne to this Richard earle of Cornwall was Edmund of Almaine who after the death of his father was inuested with the honor of the earledome of Cornwall being borne at Berkhamsted in the yéere of our redemption 1250 being the foure and thirtith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third to whome his vncle Bonifaâ—ius bishop of Canturburie was godfather and called him Edmund in the honor of saint Edmund archbishop of Canturburie and Confessor This Edmund earle of Cornwall married the daughter of Richard earle of Clare of whome shall be more spoken when we come to treat of him as protector of England Boniface the archbishop of Canturburie with others which follow were protectors of the realme after this maner as I haue gathered It was ordeined in the parlement at Oxford called Parlementum insanum that the king should choose foorth twelue persons of the realme and the communaltie of the land other twelue the which hauing regall authoritie in their hands might as gardians of the kingdome take in charge vpon them the gouernment of the realme should from yeare to yeare prouide for the due election of iustices chancellors treasurors and other officers and further prouide to sée to the safe kéeping of the castels belonging to the crowne These foure and twentie persons appointed to that function began to order all things at their owne plesure in the meane time not forgetting to vse things chieflie to their owne aduantage as well in prouiding excheats and wards for their children and kinsfolks as also in bestowing of patronages of churches belonging to the kings gift vnto their owne liking So that these prouiders which shuld haue made carefull and beneficiall prouisions for the realme made spéedie and plentifull prouision for them and theirs insomuch that neither king nor Christ could get anie thing from these protectors There be that write how that there were but twelue or thirtéene chosen to be gouernors at this time which for this present I déeme to be the truer opinion whose names are as follow Boniface archbishop of Canturburie the bishop of Worcester Roger Bigod earle of Norffolke and marshall of England Simon de Montfort earle of Leicester Richard de Clare earle of Glocester Humfreie Bohune earle of Hereford Richard Fitzalane earle of Arundell sir Iohn Mansell chiefe iustice of England sir Roger lord Mortimer sir Hugh Bigod sir Peter de Sauoie sir Iames Audleie sir Peter de Montfort To these as some saie was authoritie onlie giuen to punish all such as trespassed in the breach of anie of the constitutions of the parlement of Oxford Others say that they were made rulers protectors of the realme and to dispose thereof because the king was much misseled in the gouernment of the kingdome by the peruerse councell of his flatterers Which twelue gouernors I suppose did not long continue for being euerie one priuatlie for himselfe and so not iointlie for the common-wealth they grew diuided and what the one labored to set vp the other sought to pull downe Boniface archbishop of Canturburie the second time the bishop of Worcester with sir Philip Basset or rather sir Hugh Bigod made chiefe iustice of England by the barons were appointed in the yeere of our redemption 1260 being the fortie and fourth of king Henrie the third to haue the gouernment of the realme in the absence of the king whilest he remained in France at Paris about the affaires of Normandie at what time a peace was made betwéene the kings of England and France Gilbert de Clare the second of that name that was earle of Glocester and Hertford was the sonne of Richard de Clare erle of Glocester and Hertford which died in the yeere of our redemption 1262 being the fortie sixt yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third and was buried at Tewkesburie with a great image of siluer and gilt vpon his toome and the same sword and spurres which he did weare in his life time Of which Richard these verses were composed for his probitie and rarenesse of vertuous maners and conditions and set vpon his toome Hîc pudor Hyppoliti Paridis gena sensus Vlyssis Aeneae pietas Hectoris ira iacet This Gilbert I saie the sonne of the said Richard was after the death of Henrie the third which happened in the yeare of our Lord 1277 in the seuen fiftith yeare of the reigne of the said king Henrie in the absence of king Edward the first in the holie warres made gouernour of the realme vntill the returne of the said king Edward into England to which function he was appointed by king Henrie the line 10 third lieng on his death-bed who caused the said Gilbert to sweare to kéepe the peace of the land to the behoofe of Edward his sonne Which he did most faithfullie vntill the second daie of August in the second yeare of the said king in which the said king Edward landed in England being in the yeare of our redemption 1274 at what time the king was honorablie interteined of the said Gilbert and Iohn earle of Warraine a supporter to him in the charge of the line
in English Thus was finished the solemne funerall of that good prince at whose birth there were not so manie reioising hearts but at his death there were by infinit ods manie more weeping eies sad spirits whose tender bodie though pined with sicknesse consumed with rottennesse maie perhaps leaue for succéeding ages no relike line 60 to gaze vpon yet the memorie of his name shall be euer gréene For he was as one trulie saith of him Ille erat Europae Phoenix quem funere acerbo Vt flos vere nouo viridanti carpitur horto Sustulit ante diem mors immatura Britannis Inuidet haec terris pietatem iura colentes The thirteenth of August doctor Bonner restored now to his bishoprike againe appointed one late a chapleine of his called doctor Boorne to preach at Paules crosse who was then promoted to the queens seruice not long after was made bishop of Bath The said doctor taking occasion of the gospell of that daie spake somewhat largelie in the iustifieng of bishop Bonner being present at the sermon which bishop as the said preacher then openlie said for a sermon made vpon the same text and in the same place the same daie foure yéeres afore passed was most vniustlie cast into the vile dungeon of the Marshalsea among theeues and there kept during the time of king Edwards reigne This matter being set foorth with great vehemencie so much offended the eares of part of the audience that they brake silence and began to murmur and throng togither in such sort as the maior and aldermen with other of the wiser sort then present feared much an vprore During which muttering one more feruent than his fellowes threw a dagger at the preacher but who it was came not to knowlege By reason of which outrage the preacher withdrew himselfe from the pulpit and one maister Bradford at the request of the preachers brother and others standing there tooke the place and spake so mildlie to the people that with few words he appeased their furie and after the said maister Bradford and maister Rogers although men of contrarie religion conueied the said preacher into Paules schoole and there left him safelie The next sundaie following for feare of a like tumult or worse order was taken that the queens gard should be present in place to defend the preacher with weapons Wherevpon the wiser men perceiuing such a number of weapons and that great perill was not vnlike to insue by such appeerance of late not accustomed would not be present at the sermon by reason whereof there was left a small auditorie Wherefore afterward there was a commandement giuen by the lord maior that the ancients of the companies should be present at the next sermon in their liueries and so they were whereby all became quiet The eightéenth of August next following the duke of Northumberland the lord marquesse of Northampton and the earle of Warwike son and heire to the said duke were brought into Westminster hâ—ll and there arreigned of high treason before Thomas duke of Norffolke high Steward of England The duke of Northumberland at his comming to the barre vsed great reuerence towards the iudges and protesting his faith and allegiance to the quéens maiestie whome he confessed gréeuouslie to haue offended he said that he meant not to speake anie thing in defense of his fact but would first vnderstand th' opinion of the court in two points First whether a man dooing anie act by authoritie of the princes councell by warrant of the great seale of England dooing nothing without the same maie be charged with treason for any thing which he might doo by warrant thereof Secondlie whether anie such persons as were equally culpable in that crime and those by whose letters and commandements he was directed in all his dooings might be his iudges or passe vpon his triall as his péeres Wherevnto was answered that as concerning the first the great seale which he laid for his warrant was not the seale of the lawfull quéene of the realme nor passed by authoritie but the seale of an vsurper and therefore could be no warrant to him And to the second it was alledged that if anie were as deeplie to be touched in that case as himselfe yet so long as no atteindor were of record against them they were neuerthelesse persons able in law to passe vpon anie triall and not to be chalenged therefore but at the princes pleasure After which answer the duke vsing few words declared his earnest repentance in the case for he saw that to stand vpon vttering anie reasonable matter as might séeme would little preuaile and he mooued the duke of Norffolke to be a meane vnto the quéene for mercie and without further answer confessed the indictment by whose example the other prisoners arreigned with him did likewise confesse the indictments produced against them and therevpon had iudgement ¶ Now when iudgement was giuen the duke said I beséech you my lords all to be humble suters to the quéenes maiestie and to grant me foure requests which are these first that I maie haue that death which noble men haue had in times past and not the other secondarilie that hir maiestie will be gratious line 10 to my children which maie hereafter doo good seruice considering that they went by my commandement who am their father and not of their owne frée willes thirdlie that I may haue appointed to me some learned man for the instruction and quieting of my conscience and fourthlie that she will send two of the councell to commune with me to whome I will declare such matters as shall be expedient for hir and the common-weale and thus I beseech you all to praie for me line 20 The ninetéenth of August sir Andrew Dudleie sir Iohn Gates and sir Henrie Gates brethren and sir Thomas Palmer knights were arreigned at Westminster and confessing their indictments had iudgement which was pronounced by the marquesse of Winchester high treasuror of England that sate that daie as chiefe iustice On the twentith of August doctor Watson chapleine to the bishop of Winchester preached at Pauls crosse by the quéenes appointment for feare of the like tumult as had béene not line 30 long before certeine lords of the councell repaired to the sermon as the lord treasuror the lord priuie seale the earle of Bedford the earle of Penbroke the lord Wentworth the lord Rich and sir Henrie Gerningam capteine of the gard with two hundred of the gard which stood about the preacher with halberts Also the maior had warned the companies of the citie to be present in their liueries which was well accepted of the queenes councell and the sermon was quietlie ended line 40 On the two and twentith of August Iohn duke of Northumberland was beheaded on the tower hill whose bodie with the head was buried in the tower by the bodie of Edward late duke of Sumerset So that there lieth
seruicio acquisierat line 30 secessit Rex hunc tam proditoriè à se deficienteÌ„ per Williel Talbot militem prehendi ad se reduci fecit eúmque in publica custodia seruatum donec siue poenae siue conscientiae taedio pertaesus vitae fuit expirauit detinuit whose maner of death is in this sort set downe by Matth. Paris pag. 305 that he was committed to prison Vbi post dies paucos rege praefato which was king Iohn iubente capa indutus plumbea tà m victualium penuria quà m ipsius capae ponderositate coÌ„pressus migrauit ad dominum Much about which time as I suppose which was the yeare of line 40 Christ one thousand two hundred and nine being about the eleuenth yéere of K. Iohn the checker was by the king remooued from London to Northampton in hatred of the Londoners vntill Christmas Iohn Ruthall Custos officij thesaurarij as is proued out of the records of the excheker had that office in the third yeare of Henrie the third in the yéere 1219. Eustachius de Fauconbridge a iustice to receiue fines chancellor of the excheker treasuror to Henrie the third was by the bishop of Rochester consecrated line 50 bishop of London in the yere of our redemption one thousand two hundred twentie one being the fift yeare of king Henrie the third Which Eustachius in the yéere 1222 with the deane chapter of London had great sutes against William abbat of Westminster he was treasuror in the third yeare of king Henrie the third being about the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred and ninetéene he died the daie before the kalends of Nouember in the line 60 yeare of Christ 1228 being the thirtéenth of king Henrie the third and is buried on the south side of the quéere of Paules besides Henrie Wengham vnder a faire monument of marble ouer whom on the wall is this inscription Hîc iacet Eustachius de Fauconbridge quondam episcopus huius ecclesiae qui multa bonae contulit ministris ecclesiae sancti Pauli Ioannes de Fontibus or Iohn de Fontnes was bishop of Elie and treasuror in the ninth and eleuenth yéere of king Henrie the third and before as I take it This man being abbat of Fontnes and as authors saie Vir simplex iustus ac recedens à malo was at Westminster made bishop of Elie in the yeare of Christ 1220 he died after that he had bin bishop fiue yéeres od moneths in the yeare of Christ 1225 being the ninth yéere of Henrie the third was buried in the church of Elie toward the altar of S. Andrew Walter Malclerke or skillesse clerke treasuror of England was made bishop of Carleill in the yéere of our Lord 1223 being about the seuenth yeare of Henrie the third who in the yeare of Christ 1233 being the seuentéenth of the said king was by the counsell of Peter de Laroches bishop of Winchester not onlie remooued from his office of treasurorship but also put to the fine of 100 marks which he paied with the losse of certeine holds giuen him by charter during his life After which he would haue fled beyond the seas but entring the ship at Douer he all his were staied and euillie intreted by the kings seruants This man in the yeare of Christ 1246 being the thirtith yeare of Henrie the third did on the daie of Peter and Paule at Oxenford enter into the habit of the frier preachers After which in the yeare of Christ 1248 being about the two thirtith of Henrie the third he surrendred his soule to God Ranulph Briton by some is made treasuror of England but vntrulie as I suppose for in truth he was but treasuror of the chamber for anie thing I can learne and remooued from that place in the sixtéenth yeare of king Henrie the third in the yeare of Grace 1232 in whose place came Peter de Riuall Of this Ranulph is mention had in the chancellors Besides which about this time I read that Hubert of Borrow was treasuror for thus writeth Iohannes Londoniensis Rex about the yeare of our Lord 1232 fecit ipsum which was Hubert of Borrow suum iusticiarium principalem totius Angliae postea thesaurarium Peter de Oriall in Latine called Petrus de Riuallis was treasuror of the chamber and treasuror of the king chamberleine of England and Ireland gardian of all the forrests of Edgland of all the escheats of all the ports of the sea and of all the prises of England and Ireland being so déere to the king as hath Matthew Westminster that Expulsis castroâ—uÌ„ custodibus per totam ferè Angliam rex omnia sub ipsius Petri custodia commendarat This man was made treasuror after Walter Malclerke in the yéere of Christ one thousand two hundred thirtie and thrée being about the seuenteenth yeare of king Henrie the third and in the eighteenth yeare of king Henrie the third who as I gather was togither with Peter bishop of Winchester Stephan de Segraue Robert Passlew called to accounts in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred thirtie foure for the kings treasure and seale euillie imploied kept Whervpon Peter de Riuallis hid himselfe in the cathedrall church of Winchester Which Peter bishop of Winchester Peter de Riuallis the king remooued by the persuasion of Edmund of Abindon bishop of Canturburie as they before had remooued Walter Malclerke After which it séemeth that growing into fauor againe this Petrus de Riuallis was in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred fiftie seuen being the one fortith yeare of king Henrie the third made treasuror of the chamber For thus writeth Matthew Paris Circa festum sancti Michaelis which was in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred fiftie and seuen mortuo Hurtaldo domini regis conciliarto clerico speciali ac thesaurario de camera regis subrogatur Petrus de Riuallis Under this Peter de Riuallis did Robert Passelew kéepe the kings treasure Touching which Robert Passelew whome some will haue onelie treasuror of the chamber some to be treasuror of England some to be vndertreasuror vnder Peter de Riuallis I will set downe out of seuerall authors what I haue read therof leauing to the reader to thinke thereof what he list at this time sith I determine fullie hereafter not hauing now leisure therefore to define the same in my large volume of the liues of the lord treasurors Thus therefore touching him writeth Matthew Parker Quo etiam tempore which was in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred fortie and foure being about the eightéenth yeare of the reigne of Henrie the third Robertus de Passelew qui in thesauris regijs custodiendis augendis totus versatus est eóque nomine regi charus ab ecclesiae cathedralis Cicestrensis canonicis qui regi placere studuerant Cicestrensis line 10 episcopus
Iohannem Franciscum officio Wilhelmi which was Hauerhull subrogaret fabricatis rumoribus quòd idem Iohannes in partibus remotis Angliae Borealibus vt contra quosdam religiosos plantauerat obijsset constituit dominus rex Philippum Louell clericum virum prudentem facundum generosum in loco memorati Willielmi suum thesaurariū quod factum est apud sanctū Albanū procurante vt dicitur Iohanne Mansell amico Philippi speciali This man was treasuror in the 35 and so vntill the 42 yeare of Henrie the third was in the same yeare deposed by the barons he died at Hamesleie in the yeare of Christ 1259 whose executors were Philip Louell Robert de Mercenton But his goods after his death the king commanded to be confiscat And heere before I go any further I thinke it not amisse to note that some haue mistaken themselues in the accompt of the kings treasuror much abouth line 10 this time making these persons Walter Brudell Peter Catchporke or Chaceporke to be the kings treasuror which by no accompt of yeares can be true for they were the quéenes and not the kings tresurors as may appéere both by Mat. Paris and Mat. Westmin whereof the first writeth thus Obijt Walterus de Brudell eiusdem reginae thesaurarius which he placeth in the yere of Christ 1255 being the thirtie ninth yeare of king Henrie the third Of the second person line 20 Chaceporke thus writeth Mat. West in the yeare of Christ 1254 Veniens autem rex ad mare nec ventum habēs prosperum apud Boloniam moratus estinuitus vbi obijt Petrus Chaceporc natione Pictauensis reginae thesaurarius regis clericus conciliarius specialis And thus this much by the waie of the two treasurors of the quéens supposed by some but not rightlie to haue béene the kings Iohn Crakehall archdeacon of Bedford was treasuror in 42 43 44 yeare of Henrie the third to whom the king in the fortie fourth of his reigne being the line 30 yeare of Christ 1260 gaue a prebendarie wherin being inuested he was from thence remooued by a former collation therof made to one Iohn le Gras. The said Crakehall after died the same yere at London Iohn abbat of Peterborow was by the barons in the 44 yeare of Henrie the third made treasuror as the other officers of the king also were Nicholas of Elie was then made chancellor Hugh de Spenser chéefe iustice which office of treasurorship this Iohn continued in the 46 yeare of Henrie the sixt 1262. Nicholas de Elie so called bicause he was archdeacon line 40 of Elie was treasuror to the king in the seuen and fourtith of Henrie the third being the yeare of our Lord 1263 whereof I haue seene this note of record Memorandum quòd in crastino Paschae Anno 47 H. 3. In praesentia Rogeri le Bigot comite Norffolke marischalli Angliae Hugo le Bigot Arnoldi de Berkeley baron de scaccario magistri Iohannis de Chisull cancellar regis c. Recepit magister Nicholaus archidiaconus Eliensis thesaurarius subscripta in thesauraria dom regis c. This man as line 50 before appéereth had bin chancellor of whom is mention made in my following tretise of the chancellors Thomas Wimundham This man being chiefe chanter of Lichfield was by the barons in the yeare of Christ 1258 in the one and fourtith yeare of king Henrie the third made treasuror at the excheker of the seale or place where the writs be sealed with gréene war after which he was treasuror to the king in the 50 51 52 yeares of king Henrie the third Iohn Chisull sometime chancellor was treasuror line 60 in the foure fiftith yeare of Henrie the third being about the yeare of Christ a thousand two hundred thrée score and nine He was deane of Paules chosen bishop of London in the yeare of Christ a thousand two hundred seuentie and thrée and consecrat to that place in the yeare of Christ a thousand two hundred seuentie foure in which place he continued about fiue yeares and died in the yeare of our redemption 1279 being in the seuenth yeare of the reigne of the victorious prince king Edward the first of that name See more of this Chisull in my following discourse of the chancellors Philip de Eie was treasuror as appeareth by the records of the excheker in the 56 yeare of king Henrie the third and in the first yeare of king Edward the first partlie falling in the yeare of our redemption 1272 and 1273. Ioseph de Chancie whom one anonymall author calleth Iohn de Chancie but not rightlie as I suppose was tresuror in the second yéere of the scourger of the Scots king Edward the first being the yeare of our redemption 1274. William Gifford bishop of Bath and Welles was treasuror to Edward the first he was remooued to Yorke in the yeare of Christ 1265 this man is by manie chronicles and that perhaps most trulie called Walter Gifford He died in the seuenth yeare of king Edward the first being the yeare of our redemption 1279 as hath Nicholas Triuet Of this man sée more in the chancellors of England Robert Burnell bishop of Bath and Welles chancellor of England and treasuror to king Edward the first is by the Welsh historie pag. 328 called chiefe iustice of England Leland reporteth that an abbat told him how that a bishop Burnell built the castell of Acton Burnell Of this man shall be more spoken hereafter in the chancellors of England Ioseph de Chancie the second time treasuror to king Edward the first in the sixt yeare of the said king being the yeare of our redemption 1278 was also prior of S. Iohns Ierusalem in Anglia as I take it and by an other name called the lord of S. Iohns or of the knights of the Rhodes in England Thomas Becke archdeacon of Dorcester was treasuror in the seuenth yeare of king Edward the first being the yeare of our redemption 1278 as some haue but 1279 as other haue by the witnesse of Leland out of a monke of Glastenburie in his booke De assertione Arthuri reciting the words of the said monke in this sort Anno Domini 1267 Eadueardus rex Henrici tertij filius venit cum regina sua Glasconiam Die verò Martis proxima sequenti fuit rex tota curia accepta sumptibus monasterij Quo die in crepusculo fecit apperiri sepulchrum inclyti Arthuri vbi in duabus cistis imaginibus armis eorū depictis ossa dicti regis mirae grossitudinis separata inuenit Imago quidem reginae coronata imaginis regiae corona fuit prostrata cum abscissione sinistrae auriculae vestigijs plagae vnde moriebatur inuenta est scriptura super his singulis manifesta In crastino videlicet die Mercurij rex ossa regis regina ossa reginae pallijs pretiosis reuoluta in suis
Walter Braie bishop of Yorke in the yeare of our redemption 1214 being about the sixtéenth yeare of king Iohn and died suddenlie at Peterborrow the first daie of Maie in the yeare of Christ 1226 being the tenth yeare of king Henrie the third after that he had béene bishop of Durham nine yeares of whom a moonke of Durham made this epitaph in formall deuise as you see following Culmina qui cupi tis laudes pompásque siti tis Est sedata si tis sime pensare veli tis Qui populos regi tis memores super omnia si tis Quòd mors immi tis non parcit bonore poti tis Vobis praeposi tis similis fueram bene sci tis Quod sum vos eâ—i tis ad me currendo veni tis And here sith I am entered into the surname of Marischus I will set downe what I found ingrauen on the wall of the doore of the chapter house of the monasterie of Bath almost defaced with the wether written in Gréeke Saxon characters ✚ Hic iacet Alexander de Alueto Ernbuerga vxor eius Fulco de Alueto filius eorum Lucia de Mariscis silia eoâ—uÌ„ Iordanus de Mariscis filius eiusdem Luciae Wilhelmus de Mariscis filius eiusdem Iordani Which name of the Marishes Marshes or Moores if it like them to expound it as I doubt not but manie will quiddle therevpon was as great a name in Ireland as it was in England Rafe Neuill was confirmed as it séemeth chancellor by the whole consent of the nobilitie in the yeare that the word became flesh 1226 being about the tenth yeare of king Henrie the third after which he was made bishop of Chichester in the eleuenth yeare of king Henrie the third being the yeare of our redemption 1227 or as hath Matthew Westm. he was made bishop of Chichester in the yeare of Christ 1223 being before chancellor After which the king in the two and twentith yeare of his reigne offended with Neuill tooke from him the great seale deliuered it to Gefreie of the temple as hath Matthew Paris and to Iohn de Lexinton although that the said Neuill remained still chancellor and receiued the profits thereof to whom the king would after haue regiuen the seale in the yeare of Christ 1239 being the thrée and twentith yeare of the said king Henrie but Neuill would not receiue it This man died in the yeare of Christ 1243 being the seuen and twentith yeare of king Henrie the third at his palace at London not far from the new temple Geffreie the Templer Iohn de Lexinton were made keepers of the great seale But shortlie after this Geffreie had the seale taken from him bicause he grew in mislike of the nobilitie in continuall prouoking them to anger Hugh Pateshall chanon of Paules is by Matthew Paris fol. 656 called chancellor in the thrée and twentith yeare of king Henrie the third which I much doubt to be true Of this man shall be more said in the treasurors of England Simon the Norman kéeper of the great seale in the three twentith yeare of king Henrie the third being the yeare of our Lord 1229 he had the seale shortlie after taken from him and was banished the court bicause he would not seale the patent wherby Thomas earle of Flanders might take foure pence for custome of euerie sacke of wooll that came out of England into Flanders This Simon died in the yeare of Christ 1249 being the thrée and thirtith of king Henrie the third Richard Grasse or Grossus abbat of Euesham the said Simon expelled had the keeping of the great seale in the thrée and twentith yeare of king Henrie the third he kept the seale thrée yeares and being chosen bishop of Chester he resigned the same in the yeare of Christ 1242 being the six twentith yeare of king Henrie the third he died being wise learned in the canon and ciuill law in the same yeare in Gascoine in a citie called in Latine Riola or Regula where he was buried Iohn de Lexinton was againe made keeper of the seale in the six and twentith yéere of king Henrie the third being the yeare of our redemption 1242 to execute that office Rafe Neuill being in life and still chancellor but in the kings disgrace shortlie after which this Neuill died This Iohn Lexinton died 1257 being the 41 yeare of Henrie the third Ranulfe Briton as I read is said to be chancellor line 10 and treasuror of the chamber about the seuen and twentith yeare of Henrie the third being the yeare of our Lord 1242. I suppose that he onelie had the keeping of the great seale as the rest had before him during the life of Rafe Neuill and so I leaue him to the iudgement of others sith Matthew Paris continuallie nameth him treasuror and once chancellor who suddenlie died after dinner beholding plaiers at dise in the yeare of Christ 1246 being the thirtith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third of whom thus writeth the said Matthew Paris in his line 20 greater historie fol. 954. Ranulphus Brito quondam domino familiarissimus regi reginae multis posthabitis nobilibus eiusdem cancellarius specialis quum post mensalem refectionem aleatores certatim inspexisset colludentes laetalis apoplexiae inexpectato vulnere corruit sugillatus Syluester de Euersden receiued the great seale the nine and twentith yeare of Henrie the third being the yeare that the son of God became flesh one thousand two hundred fortie and six he was vicechancellor consecrated bishop of Carleill being a line 30 man most cunning in the custome of the chancerie in the yeare of Christ 1247 being the one and thirtith yeare of Henrie the third Iohn Mansell treasuror of Yorke parson of Maidstone in Kent and parson of Wigan chancellor of Paules master or ruler of Beuerleie chiefe iustice of England one of the priuie councell to Henrie the third his chapleine ambassador into Spaine and a worthie souldier crossed to go to Ierusalem who at one feast had two kings two quéenes and I line 40 know not how manie noble men and whose spirituall liuings were about foure thousand marks of yerelie reuenues as I haue gathered he was at the will and instance of the king made kéeper of the great seale as vicechancellor for Matthew Paris saith Custodiam sigilli regij accepit cancellarij vices acturus officium about the one thirtith of king Henrie the third in the yeare that God tooke on him the forme of a seruant 1247 he built a house of regular canons at Romneie two miles from the sea To this line 50 man king Henrie the third in the thirtith yeare of his reigne did grant that his towne of Wigan should be a burrow Iohn de Lexinton being after chiefe iustice of the forest from the riuer of Trent southward was againe kéeper of the
long time at the seas and had no change of apparell nor laine in bed and now lieng vpon the ground without succor or reliefe were soone infected and all for the most part were sicke and some of them died and some one of them was distracted and this sickenesse verie soone afâ—er dispersed it selfe among all the residue of the prisoners in the gaole of which disease manie of them died but all brought to great extremities and verie hardlie escaped These men when they were to be brought before the foresaid iustices for their triall manie of them were so weake and sicke that they were not able to go nor stand but were caried from the gaole to the place of iudgement some vpon handbarrowes and some betwéene men leading them and so brought to the place of iustice The sight of these mens miserable and pitifull cases being thought and more like to be hunger starued line 10 than with sickenesse diseased mooued manie a mans hart to behold and looke vpon them but none pitied them more than the lords iustices themselues and especiallie the lord chiefe iustice himselfe who vpon this occasion tooke a better order for kéeping all prisoners thensefoorth in the gaole and for the more often trials which was now appointed to be quarterlie kept at euerie quarter sessions and not to be posted anie more ouer as in times past vntill the assises These prisoners thus brought from out of the line 20 gaole to the iudgement place after that they had béene staied and paused a while in the open aire and somewhat refreshed therwith they were brought into the house in the one end of the hall néere to the iudges seat and which is the ordinarie and accustomable place where they doo stand to their trials and arreignments And howsoeuer the matter fell out and by what occasion it happened an infection followed vpon manie and a great number of such as were there in the line 30 court and especiallie vpon such as were néerest to them were soonest infected And albeit the inâ—ection was not then perceiued because euerie man departed as he thought in as good health as he came thither yet the same by little and little so crept into such as vpon whom the infection was seiâ—oned that after a few daies and at their home comming to their owne houses they felt the violence of this pestilent sickenesse wherein more died that were infected than escaped And besides the prisoners manie line 40 there were of good account and of all other degrées which died thereof as by name sargeant Floredaie who then was the iudge of those trials vpon the prisoners sir Iohn Chichester sir Arthur Basset and sir Barnard Drake knights Thomas Carew of Haccombe Robert Carie of Clouelleigh Iohn Fortescue of Wood Iohn Waldron of Bradféeld and Thomas Risdone esquires and iustices of the peace The losse of euerie of them was verie great to line 50 the commonwealth of that prouince and countrie but none more lamented than these two knights sir Iohn Chichester and sir Arthur Basset who albeit they were but yoong in yeares yet ancient in wisedome vpright in iudgement and zealous in the ministration of iustice Likewise Robert Carie a gentleman striken in yeares and a man of great experience knowledge and learning he had béene a student of the common lawes of the realme at the temple and verie well learned both therein and vniuersallie seene in all good letters an eloquent man line 60 of his spéech effectuall in deliuerie déepe in iudgement vpright in iustice and consider at in all his dooings The more worthie were these personages the greater losse was their deaths to the whole common wealth of that countrie Of the plebâ—ian and common people died verie manie and especiallie constables réeues and tithing men and such as were iurors and namelie one iurie of twelue of which there died eleuen This â—icknesse was dispersed through out all the whole shire and at the writing hereof in the fine of October one thousand fiue hundred fourescore and six it is not altogither extinguished It resteth for the most part about fouretéene daies and vpwards by a secret infection before it breake out into his force and violence At the first comming it made the people afraid and dismaid manie men then pretending rather than performing the amendement of life So long as the plague was hot and feruent so long euerie man was holie and repentant but with the slaking of the one followed the forgetfulnesse of the other euen as it is with a companie of shrewd children who so long as the rod is ouer the head so long feare of correction frameth them to aptnesse conformitie and obedience ¶ In the chronicles of Ireland vpon occasion of seruice in the highest office there mention was made here and there of sir Henrie Sidneie his saiengs and dooings where promise did passe by means of discoursing his death that the reader was to loâ—ke for a full declaration of his life and death in the chronicles of England as course of time should giue direction Now therefore hauing entred into the eight and twentith yeare of hir maiesties gratious gouernment and the yeare of Christ 1586 the time most fitlie openeth a readie waie into the historie concerning that nobleman penned by one that could not be ignorant of his affaires considering the neerenesse and necessarinesse of his seruice and therefore as a truth to be receiued This right famous renowmed worthie vertuous and heroicall knight by father and mother verie noblie descended was from his infancie bred and brought vp in the princes court and in neerenesse to his person vsed familiarlie euen as a companion and manie times a bedfellow After that by course of nature and lawfull descent this yoong prince was inuested in the kingdome and imperiall crowne he aduanced this gallant noble gentleman partlie as it seemed for the singular loue and entire affection he formerlie bare him to be a principall gentleman of his priuie chamber For he was then reputed for comelinesse of person gallantnesse liuelinesse of spirit vertue qualitie beautie good composition of bodie the onelie od man paragon of the court And from time to time this good and most godlie king held such delight in his pleasant modest and swéet conuersation and companie as he would sildome or neuer giue him leaue to be absent from him till his last breth that he departed this life in his armes at Greenwich Such excéeding expectation hope was conceiued of this honorable gentleman in his yonger yeares as he was speciallie chosen and sent ambassador to Henrie the first then French king concerning matter verie important being at that time not fullie one and twentie yeares old and performed his charge with that singular commendation wisedome spirit and dexteritie as at sundrie times not long after he was emploied in ambassage both in France Scotland yea somtime twise in one yere He
Marham Merlinus Ambrosius Merlinus Syluester Melkinus Nicholas Montacute liued in the time of Henrie the sixt Edmund Molineux now liuing Sebastian Munster a Germane N Nennius Helius brother to Cassiuelane Lud kings of Britaine Nennius Banchorensis Nauclerus Alexander Neuill now liuing Laurence Nowell died about the sixtéenth yere of quéene Elisabeth Nimanus that wrote Eulogium O Osbert de Clare prior of Westminster Osbeâ—nus Dorobernensis in the time of William the Conqueror Thomas Oâ—terborne a Franciscan or greie frier liued in the time of Henrie the fift Abraham Ortuâ—lius now liuing a Fleming Christopher Ocland now liuing sometime schoolemaister in Southworke P William Pakington clerke treasuror to the blacke prince of his houshold in Gascoigne Patricius Consul Ioannes de Prato a writer of Aquitaine protonotarie Paulus Aemilius Petrus Blessensis line 10 archdeacon of Bath Philip de Comines alias monsieur de Argentone secretarie to Charles duke of Burgoine Polydor Uirgill an Urbinat Italian and canon of Paules in the daies of Henrie the eight Paulus Iouius an Italian bishop of Nucerne Iohn Pike Iohn Price knight died in the reigne of queene Elisabeth William Paten now liuing Iohn Proctor schoolemaister of Tunbridge to whom I was sometime scholer Ptolomeus Dauid Powell now liuing line 20 R. Iohn Read in the time of Edward the first Iohn Rastall Radulphus Londonienâ—is Radulphus Niger liued in the daies of king Henrie the third Radulphus de Diceto deane of Paules in London in the time of king Iohn Reutha king of Scots Michaell Ricius William Rishanger a moonke of saint Albons in the daies of Edward the second Richester a moonke of Westminster liued in the time of Edward the third and wrote an excellent chronicle beginning at the comming of the line 30 Saâ—ons in the yeare of our Lord foure hundred fortie and nine continued it vntill the yeare one thousand three hundred fortie and eight conteining eight hundred fourescore and nineteene years Richardus Deuifâ—enâ—â—s Richardus Cadneus Richardus Eliensis whose storie beginneth Cum animaduerterem excellâ—â—tiam Ebienâ—is insulae c. Richardus Eliensis an other from the former that wrote an other historie of Elie Robert abbat of saint Michaels mount florished in the yeare of Christ one thousand fiue hundred line 40 fiftie and eight Robertus Montensis Robertus fiâ—e cognomento Robertus Remingtonus De gestis Anglorum cuiuâ— initium Non sâ—lum audiendis sacrae scripturâ— verbis c This saieth Caius In antiquitate Cantâ—brigiae But others attribute that worke to Peter Icham See before in the letter I. Robert Record liuing in the time of quéene Marie Robert bishop of Hereford which liued in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thréescore and twelue Robertus de Paterna that wrote line 50 the register of Oxford Robert a prior of Shrewsburie Roger of Abindon Roger of Winsore Roger de Windore Roger of Chester liued in the daâ—es of Edward the third Iohn Râ—use borne in Warwikeshire liued in the daies of Henrie the seuenth and being a canon of Osneie died at Warwike in the yeare of our Lord one thousand foure hundred fourescore and eleuen Thomas Rudborne archdeacon of Sudberie after bishop of S. Dauids line 60 in Wales liued in the time of Henrie the fourth Henrie the fift and Henrie the sixt Thomas Rudborne an other from the former was a moonke of Winchester and followed manie other authors amongst which was the said Thomas Rudborne bishop of S. Dauids S Saxo Grammaticus a Dane Samuel Britannus Sextus Aurelius Sentleger Edward Segeswike now liuing Iohannes Sulgenus or Sullenus Solinus Sigebertus Gemblacensis Thomas Spot who liued in the reigne of Edward the first Antonius Sabellicus a Uenetian Iohn Sleidan a Germane Richard Sowthwell Reginald Scot now liuing Simon Dunelmensis Iohn Stow now liuing Iohn Knish a Cornish man in the daies of Henrie the eight Richard Stanâ—hust borne in Ireland now liuing Sharton now liuing Iohn Swapham Stephanides alias Fitzstephan T Titus Liuius Patauiensis Titus Liuius Fâ—roâ—â—iensis an Italian liued in the time of Henrie the fift Iohn Tartor a moonke of Burie Andrew Theuet a Frenchman Nicholas Triuet a blacke frier borne in Northfolke sonne to sir Thomas Triuet knight one of the kings iustices liued in the daies of Edward the third and died in the yeare of our Lord one thousand three hundred twentie and eight Iohn Tilberie florished in the yere of Christ one thousand one hundred fourescore and ten Iohn Treuisa a Cornishman préest and vicar of Barkleie Teleâ—inus a Briton Francis Boteuile alias Thin now liuing Brian Tuke knight liued in the daies of Henrie the eight Iohn Twine died in the reigne of quéene Elisabeth William Thorne liued in the daies of Richard the second Richard Turpin borne of a worshipfull familie in England serued in the garison of Calis he died in the yeare of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred fortie and one Tobias Roffensis Turgotus which liued in the yeare of Christ one thousand ninetie and eight in the time of William Rufus wrote a chronicle of Durham V Veremund a Spaniard Raphaell Uâ—lateran Giouanni Vilani a Florentine Ponticus Virunnius an Italian Iohn Ufford Iohn Uton. W Iohn Whethamsted otherwise called Frumentarius a learned man abbat of S. Albons liued in the daies of Henrie the sixt Roger Wall an herald who in Latine writ the dooings of Henrie the fift Thomas Walsingham a moonke of the abbeie of S. Albons liued in the reigne of Henrie the sixt William of Riâ—all liued in the age of king Stephan Willielmus Cantuariensis one of the foure that wrote the Quadrilogium of Thomas Becket liued in the time of king Iohn Willielmus Gemeticensis Willielmus filius Stephani a clerke of the Chancerie and deane of the chapell of Thomas Becket in the daies of Henrie the second Willielmus Summersetensis Willielmus Crowlandensis for the other Williams sée in the letter G in the name of Gulielmus Thomas Wike canon of Osneie Iohn Walworth Walterus Excestrensis Walterus Couentrensis Annales Burtonenses Memoriale historiarum Chronica Dunstable Chronicle of Tinmouth Chronicles of S. Albons Defâ—orationes Galfridi Historia obsidionis Eliensis insulae Chronica curus inituem Calendarium Bruti Chronicle beginning Rex Pictorum Chronica Westmonast Chronicle beginning In diebuâ— sanctissimi regis Edwardâ— Chronicle beginning Aeneas cum Ascanio Câ—ronica chronicoruÌ„ Supplementum chronicorum Fasciculus temporuÌ„ Historia Richardi secundi beginning De parte Bruti EulogiuÌ„ Historia Iornalensis Historia Carina written in Latine compiled in the thirtéenth yeare of Richard the second by whom it was caused to be written as the title declareth which for that it sheweth no name of the author and for that maister For borowed the â—ame of maister Carie citizen of London maister For in his Acts and Monuments the second edition calleth the same booke Historia Carina The epitome of chronicles from Brute to Henrie 6. beginning Ab origine mundi concurrunt anni secunduÌ„ Hebraeos
Ambassadors from the French king for a perpetuall peace Froissard A proclamatiâ— that all English benefited men in Rome should return into Englaâ—â— The pope sâ—â—deth his nuâ—cio to king Richard The popes nuncio openeth to the king the FreÌ„ch kings priuie practises Nuncio Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie A sore bridle for the clergie The duke of Glocester his iournie into Prutzen land The duke of Glocester in great fauor with the commons Anno Reg. 15. A great death in Yorke and sundrie other places A parlement at London Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie The duke of Lancaster ambassador for the king right honorablie receiued into France Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie The flix gâ—â—ten by excessiue feeding on fruits The lord â—â—ior of Londâ—â— commended for his carefull prouision of corne from beyond the seas in the time of dearth Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leceister abbeie The cause of the scarsitie was not want of breader corne Wooll sold dogcheape 〈◊〉 the stone Prouision against scarâ—â—tie to relieâ—â— the poore O charitie of London A dolphin taken at London bridge Ambassadors sent to the French king to treat of peace Sir Robert Briquet a Frenchman of king Richard his priuie chamber The dukes of Lancaster Yorke the earls of Derbâ—e and Huntington the lord Thomas Persie the bishops of Durham and London were sent oâ—er as Froâ—ssard saith A roiall ambassage The duke of Lancaster a prince of great renowme The truce prolonged for a yeare Thom. Wals. A councell at Stamford The duke of Gelderland commeth into England The duke of Gelderland dissuadeth the king from peace with the French and Scots The Londoners refuse to lend the king a thousand pounds A great fire kindled about a litle sparke A riot by the Londoners vpon the bishop of Salisburies men Walter Romane The bishop of Salisburie maketh a greéuous coÌ„plaint of the Londoners to the king The maior shiriffes of London sent for to Windsore to the king there imprisoned The liberties of London seized A gardian appointed to gouerne the citie of London Anno Reg. 16. Sir Edward Darlingrug lord warden of London Darlingruâ— remoued 〈◊〉 Baldwine Radington made lord warden oâ— London The liberties of London 〈◊〉 part confirmed in part condemned A sweét sacrifice He was 〈◊〉 with procesâ—â—on of the bishop clergie at S. Georges churches Southwâ—â—â— Gifts preâ—â—â—â—ed to the K. by the Londoners to pâ—cifie dâ—spleasure coâ—ceiued agaiâ—â—â— them K. Richard roiallie 〈◊〉 into Lâ—â—â—don More gifts by the LoÌ„doners to the king Tho. Walsin The liberties of London ratified by king Richard Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leceister abbeie The duke of Glocester made duke of Ireland His iournie into Ireland vnluckilie staied Uéere late duke of Ireland dieth at Louaine Tho. Walâ—â— A parlement at Winchester The chancerie and kings bench kept at Yorke and froÌ„ thence remooued to LondoÌ„ Eures The I le of Man The dukes of Lancaster Glocester sent â—o FraÌ„ce to treat of a peace The French comissioners would haue Calis raced to the ground The demand of the English coÌ„missioners Order taken that the demands on either side should be set downe in writing the better to be considered of The English gentlemen mainteined by the French warres The 〈◊〉 of the Frenchmen The commissioners meet againe The king oâ— Armenie Obscure and doubtâ—ull words to be opened A truce for foure yeares betweene England and France Anno Reg. 1â— Great tempests Much hurt doone by greâ—â— flouds in Suffolke A great 〈◊〉 in Essex Uariance betweene the duke of Lancaster and the earle of Arundell The death of queene Anne The K. defaceth the house of Shene bicause the queéne died there Anno Reg. 18. A proclamation that all Irishmen shuld returne into their countrie The English pale in IrelaÌ„d almost left desolate The yearelie reuenues of Ireland in K. Edward the third his daies The duke of Lancaster saileth into Aquitaine with an armie The Gascoignes flatlie refuse to accept the duke of Lancaster for their souereigne K. Richard passeth ouer into Ireland with a mightie armie Froissard Foure Irish kings submit themselues to K. Richard A parlement holden in Ireland A parlement at Westminster king Richard being in Ireland The Wickleuists wrote against the clergie The clergie complaine to the king of the Wickleuists and their fauorers K. Richard knighteth the foure Irish kings and others Froissard K. Richard returneth out of Ireland K. Richards dealings against the fauorers of the Wickleuists Abr. Fl. out of Henrie Knighton canon of Leicester abbeie Archbishop of Canturburies visitatioÌ„ Wickleuists excommunicated A ridiculous penance * For the papists saie that the sacrificing préest is the maker of his maker namelie God Boldnesse of women in ecclesiasticall matters taâ—ed A fierie appâ—rition of diuerse likenesses A head of waâ— wrought by necromancie speaketh A fierie dragon seen in diuers places Abr. Fl. out of Thom. Walâ—â—â— in Rich. 2. pag. 341. A coniunctioÌ„ of Iupiter Saturne A schisme betwéene two popes for the dignitie of â— Peters chaâ—re The Danes 〈◊〉 the Englâ—sh merchaÌ„ts on the seas Great prises woone by the Danish pirets of the Englishmen Waltham bishop of Salisburie buried at Westminster amongst the kings Anno Reg. 19. The duke of IrelaÌ„ds corps conueied from Louaine into England and there roiallie interred Froissard The Gascoignes send vnto K. Rich. signifieng vnto him that they ought not to be diuiâ—ed from the crowne The grant of the duchie of Aquitaine to the duke of Lancaster reuoked Ambassadors sent into France to treat a marriage betwéene king Richard the French K. daughter Thom. Wals. The duke of Lancaster mâ—rieth a ladie of a meane estate whome he had kept as his concubine Wickleuists increase The earle marshall affieth the French kings daughter in the name of king Richard Anno Reg. 20. A truce for 30 yeares betwéene England and France Tho. Walsin The popes letters to K. Rich. against yâ— Wickleuists K. Richard goeth ouer to Calis The maner of the interview betweene king Richard and the French king Fabian Froissard Fabian The oth of the two kings The chapell of our ladie of peace The French K. giueth his daughter to king Richard in marriage The order of the French kings seruice at table The expenses of king Richard at this interview The mariage solemnized at Calis The maior of London and the citizens meete the K. the quéene on Blackeheath Certeine thrust to death in the prease on London bridge Iohn Stow. The quéens coronation The duke of Lancaster his bastards madâ— legitimate by parlement The iustices reuoked out of exile Brest yéelded vp to the duke of Britaine Priuie grudge betwixt the king and the duke of Glocester The talke betwixt the king and the duke of Glocester Out of a French pamphlet The earle of saint Paule his counsell to K. Richard Polydor. The dukes of Lancaster Yorke excuse
fourth of Nouember 5500 one with another slain drowned and burned A conclusion of peace betwéene the parties before diuided Walter Deuereux earle of Essex departeth this life Abr. Fl. ex concione funebri vt patet in contextu The place of the erls birth what losse all EnglaÌ„d hath of him What noblemen are the wals of the realme The praise of the earle for sundrie considerations Comparison of true nobilitie vnto a riuer or floud c. â—anor lib. â—â— it rebâ—â— gesâ—â— Alphoâ—si The disposition of the earle to inlarge and augment his nobilitie Prudence a noble vertue wherewith this erle was indueâ— How he bestowed his youthfull yeares The bishops report of him vpon his own knowledge The erle perfect in the scriptures and matters of religion He was a fauourer of preachers His expertnesse in chronicles histories c. Fortitude a noble vertue wherewith 〈◊〉 earle was 〈◊〉 Exod. 28 21 The earles chiualrie marâ—iall knowledge and prowesse aduanced Fortitude néedfull both in time of peace and warre Iustice a noble vertue wherwith this erle was indued The bishop reporteth of the earles iustice vpon his owne knowledge Iob. 29 15. The paterne of a good earle indéed Suetonius The humanitie courtesie affablenesse and other verâ—ues of this earle Temperance a noble vertue wherewith this erle was indued The bishops report of the earle vpon his owne knowledge Eccles. 7.9 Luke 6.45 The earle could not awaie with swearing chasing nor anie disordered dealing c. The disposition and deuotion of this earle in the time of his sickenesse Numb 21. â— The heauenlie contemplation of this earle drawing to his end A woonderfull gift of the holie Ghost and most worthie to be chronicled How his seruants were affected at his last spéeches Who they be that die in the Lord. A spéech conclusorie of the bishop directed to the earlâ— departed The earle eternâ—llie blessed The death of the earle much lamented The heroicall description of true nobilitie A persuasorie reason to mooue the yoong earle now liuing to an excellent imitation of his ancestors Notable counsell to the earle to deserue well of his souereigne and countrie The quéenes testimonie of the earle Uertues naturallie incident to the erle by coursâ— of descent To what end â—he epitaph genealogicall was added to the funerall sermon The old earls counsell at his death to the yoong earle now aliue touching the shortnesse of life A proclamation for the fâ—â—e traffike of merchants as before c. â— Stow. An vnnaturall brother murthereth his naturall brother but the vnnaturall brother was hanged as he well dâ—serued Anno Reg. 19. A tempest in Richmondshire Tower on LondoÌ„ bridge â—â—ken downe Robinson hanged for clipping of gold Second voiage to Cataia StraÌ„ge sickenesse at Oxford Ab. Fl. ex relatu W. B. impress 1577. Tempest in Suffolke The tower on London bridge new builded Anno Reg. 20. Cutbert Maine executed An example of sorcerers and such as seeme to worke woÌ„ders to deceiue men of their monie Nelson and Sherewood executed Counterfetters of coine executed Pirats hanged Frobishers third voiage Anno Reg. 21. The receiuing of Cassimere Déepâ— snow Great land waters A murtherer hanged on Mile end gréene Lord kéeper deceased Ab. Fl. collect ex epitaph 〈◊〉 praenobilis On the south side these verses On the north side these Great snow in the moneth of Aprill Sir Thomas Bromleie lord chancellor The collection of Francis Thin Turketill Saint Swithin Wlfinus Adulphus Hist. Eliens lib. 2. written in the time of K. Stephan Leofricus Wlfinus Resenbaldus Mauricius Osmundus Arfastus Hirmanus William Uelson William Gifford Robert Bluet Ranulphus Waldricus Herbertus Roger. Galfridus Ranulphus Reginald Roger. Godfreie Alexander bishop of Lincolne This was about the beginning of the fourth yeere of K. Stephan being An. Do. 1138 but Mat. 〈◊〉 giueth it to An. Dom. 1139 who saith Collo 〈◊〉 qui 〈◊〉 fuit 〈◊〉 anne 〈◊〉 c. And Henrie Huntington agreeth wholie with W. Parâ—â—s Robert Philip. Reinold Iohn Thomas Becket * Christes church in Canturburie Rafe Warneuile Walterus de Constantijs Geffreie William Longchamp Eustachius Hubert Walter or Walter Hubert Simon Hugh de Welles Walter Braie Richard de Marischo Rafe Neuill bishop of Chichester Geffreie the Templer Hugh Pateshall chanon of Paules Simon the Norman Richard Grasse abbat of Euesham Iohn de Lexinton Ranulfe Briton Syluester de Euersden Iohn Mansell Iohn de Lexinton Iohn Mansell Radulphus de Diceto William of Kilkennie Henrie de Wingham Walter Merton Nicholas of Elie. Walter Merton the second time Iohn de Chesill Viâ—a Thomae Cantelupi Walter Gifford bishop of Bath Geffreie Gifford Iohn de Chesill Richard de Middleton Iohn de Kirbie Walter Merton Robert Burnell Iohn de Langhton Matthew Paâ—ker Iohn Drokensford William de Greinfield William de Hamelton Ralfe Baldocke Iohn Langhton William Melton Walter Reinolds Iohn de Sandall Iohn Hotham Iohn Salmon bishop of Norwich * Or Pabeham * Yorke * Twelue miles from Yorke Robert Baldocke Histor. episc Norwich William Airemee kéeper of the seale Iohn Hotham bishop of Elie. Henrie Cliffe master of the rolles Henrie Burghwash bishop of Lincolne Iohn Stratford Richard de Burie or Richard de Angeruile Iohn Stratford archbishop of Canturburie Robert de Stratford Richard de Bintwoorth bishop of London Iohn Stratford archbishop of Canturburie Robert bishop of Chichester Robert de Bourchier Robert Perning iustice at the law Robert de Saddington Iohn Offord or Ufford Iohn Thorsbie William de Edington Simon Langham William de Wikeham Robert Thorpe Sir Iohn Kniuet Adam de Houghton * Ralfe Neuill 〈◊〉 Sir Richard Scroope Simon Sudburie Sir Richard Scroope lord Scroope of Bolton Robert Braibrooke bishop of London Michaell de la Poole earle of Suffolke * Michael de puteaco or of the Poole Thomas Arundell bishop of Elie. William Wickham Thomas Arundell Iohn Serle master of the rols Edmund Stafford Henrie Beauford Thomas Langleie bishop of Durham Thomas Fitzalen Thomas Beauford Iohn Wakering clearke Thomas Arundell archbishop of Canturburie Henrie Beauford bishop at Winchester Thomas Langleie bishop of Durham Henrie Beauford bishop of Winchester Iohn Kempe bishop of London Iohn Stafford bishop of Bath Iohn Kempe bishop of Yorke Richard Neuill earle of Salisburie Thomas Bourchier bishop of Elie. In vita Thomae Boâ—â—cheri â—pisco 〈◊〉 William Patan or Paten 〈◊〉 William Wanfled George Neuill archbishop of Yorke Robert Kirkham maister of the rolles Robert Stillington doctor of the lawes Henrie Bourchier earle of Essex Laurence Booth bishop of Durham Thomas Scot aliâs Rotheram Iohn Alcot bishop of Rochester Thomas Rotheram Iohn Russell bishop of Lincolne Thomas Barow maister of the rolles Thomas Rotheram Iohn Alcot bishop of Worcester Iohn Moorton bishop of Elie. William Warham archbishop of Canturburie Thomas Woolseie Thomas Moore Thomas Audleie Hâ—sto Câ—ntab per Caium 78. Thomas Wriotheslie William Paulet Sir Richard Rich Sir Nicholas Hare Stephan Gardener Nicholas Heath Nicholas Bacon Thomas Bromleie Ab. Fl. ex publicis aeditionibus B.G. T.
exhorâ—atorie speeches to the monsieur preparing and setling himselfe to Codward The monsieur departure out of this world like a lamp whose light 〈◊〉 for want oâ— oile Maruellous 〈◊〉 of inward loue 〈…〉 affectioÌ„ 〈…〉 the monâ—â—eur departed Theâ—e be verie 〈◊〉 〈…〉 â—â—â—eed For he was preacher c to the mounsieur and lost dimidium animae suae vp his death Ground remoued Eight persons killed by the fall of a scaffold at the beaâ—â— garden a warning to prophaners of the sabboth daie Eob. Hâ—ss in Psal. 50. WilliaÌ„ Bruistar and Marie Breame smothered to death A man and a woman hanged at Shoo-lane end The gunpowder house in Fetterlane blowne vp Palatine of Siradia in Poland came into England Elias Thackar and Iohn Coping hanged at Berrie Thomas Ratclife earle of Sussex deceased * I. Stow. Edmund Grindall archbishop of Canturburie deceassed Abr. Hart. in R.L. Iustice Randolfe his charitie of one thousand nine hundred pounds â—â—â—roners apprehended and executed A briefe description of Clinton Atkiâ—son and his parentage Companie libertie bring manie to miserie An heretike Iohn Lewes burned at Norwich Sée pag. 1299. Palatine of Siradia in Poland returned A description of Albertus his person apparell c. * At Oxenford where he termed the Latine that he spake Militare Latinum that is souldiers Latine The lord Norris his daughter maried to sir A. Paulet his eldest sonne The welcomming of Albertus to the vniuersitie of Oxenford with a partile description of his interteinment Raine of rose-water and haile of sugar confects c. Doctor Whitegift archbishop of Canturburie * Allusio ad D. archiep nomen Ab. Hart. quondam Cant. Trinitarius A monstrous fish taken in Norffolke Slade and Bodie executed An Reg. 26. Horssestealers hanged ten at once in Smithfield Desmonds head set on London bridge Nantwich in Cheshire burnt Someruile Arden and others arreigned Arden 〈◊〉 This booke for the time that it was in request set people toongs on woorke and filled their minds with strange conceipts Why it was called the great coniunction Touching the yeare of woonders gathâ—red to be 1588. â—â—ouitius Regiomontanus The great yeare of 1588 is more talked of than feared When people saw nothing in the aire as they looked for they fell to derision Cartar executed for printing a traitorous booke A declaration of the fauorable dealing of hir maiesties commissioners for the examining of traitâ—rs To the reader The slanderous report concerning the extreame vse of yâ— racke conuinced Campion and Briant were too fauourablie vsed and far vnder the proportion of their treasonable offenses The curst stubborne hart of Briant Ergo it is false which the infamous libeller hath â—ast abrode Relligio 〈…〉 mala vita 〈◊〉 This is consonant to the report set downe before in the discouerie of Campion pag. 1325. What allegigiâ—nce these fellows meant to her maiestie may appéere by these words of Campion being the mouth oâ— the â—est As namelie Campion of whom an infamous libeller reporteth in commendation forsooth of his constancie Non secreta mee iorius licâ—torâ— fatebor All offendors couer their faults with contrarie causes Rebels doo most dangerouslie couer their faults Rebellion in England and Ireland The rebels vanquished by the quéens power Some of the rebels fled into forreine countries Rebels pretend religion for their defense Kingleaders of rebels Charles Neuill earle of Westmerland and Thomas Stukeleie The effect of the popes bull against the queene of England The practises of the traitors rebels and fugitiues to execute the 〈◊〉 Seminaries erected to nursse seditious fugitiues The seminarie fugitiues come secretlie into the relme to induce the people to obeie the popes bull Sowers of sâ—dition taken coâ—â—ented executed 〈◊〉 trâ—ason The seditious treitors condemned by the ancient lawes of the realme made two hundred yeres past Persons condemned spared â—rom execution vpon refusall of their treasonable opinions The forren traitors continue sending of persons to mooue sedition in the realme The seditious 〈◊〉 labour to bring the realme into a warre externall and domestâ—â—â—ll The dutie of the quéene and all hir gouernors to God and their countrie is to repell practises of rebellion None charged with capitall crimes being of a contrarie religion and professing to withstand forreine forces Names of diuerse ecclesiasticall persons professing contrarie religion neuer charged with capitall crimes The late fauorers of the popes authoritie were the chiefe aduersaries of the same by their doctrines and writings A great number of laie persons of liuelood being of a contrarie religion neuer charged with capitall crime No person charged with capitall 〈◊〉 for the onelie maintenance of the popes supremasie Foure points of treason Such coÌ„demned onelie for treason as mainteine the effects of the popes bull against hir maiestie and the realme Doctor Sanders maintenance of the popes bull The persons that suffered death were condemned for treason not for religion The diuersitie betwixt truth and falshood A full proofe that the mainteiners of the bull are directlie guiltie of 〈◊〉 Doctor Mortons secret ambassage froÌ„ Rome to 〈◊〉 the rebellion in the north Persons and Campion are offendors as doctor Sanders is for allowance of the bull Faculties granted to Persons and Campion by pope Gregorie the thirtéenth Anno 1580. By what authoritie Campion came into England Harts confession of the interpretation of the bull of Pius Quintus A conclusion that all the infamous books against the quéene and the realme are false Difference of the small numbers that haue béene executed in the space of fiue and twentie yeares from the great numbers in fiue yeares of quéene Maries reigne An aduertisement vnto all princes of countries abroad The authoritie proclamed by the pope not warranted by Christ or by the two apostles Peter and Paul Pope Hildebrand the first that made warre against the emperor An. Do. 1074. The iudgement of God against the popes false erected emperor Pope Gregorie the seuenth deposed by Henrie the fourth Henrie the fift Frederike the first Frederike the second Lewes of Bauar emperors Whatsoeuer is lawfull for other princes souereignes is lawfull for the queene and crowne of England The title of vniuersall â—â—shop is a preamble of antichrist Rome sacked and the pope Clement takeÌ„ prisoner by the emperors armie King Henrie the second of France his edicts against the pope and his courts of Rome The besieging of Rome and the pope by the duke of Alua and king Philips armie Quéene Marie and cardinall Poole resisted the pope D. Peito a begging frier The kings of christendome neuer suffer popes to abridge their titles or rights though they suffer them to haue rule ouer their people The quéene of England may not suffer the pope by anie meanes to make rebellions in hir realme Additâ—menâ—â— to the popes martyrologâ— The strange ends of Iames earle of Desmond D. Sanders Iames Fitzmoris Iohn of Desmond Iohn Someruile The prosperitie of England during the popes cursses Reasons to persuade by reason the
Roderike king of Ulnestre being sore offended raised a mightie line 30 host and comming into the field fought with the lord cheefe iustice and in the end receiued tooke the ouerthrow at his hands although the lord cheefe iustice at that encounter lost no small number of his men Amongst prisoners that were taken the bishop of Dun was one whom yet the lord cheefe iustice released and set at libertie in respect of a request and suit made to him by a cardinall the popes legat that was there in Ireland at that time line 40 This cardinals name was Uiuiano intituled the cardinall of S. Stephan in Mount Celio he was sent from the pope the yeare before and comming into England though without licence was pardoned vpon knowledging his fault for his entring without the kings leaue first obteined and so permitted to go into Scotland whither as also into other the northwest regions he was sent as legat authorised from the pope Now when he had ended his businesse in Scotland he passed ouer into Man and there held line 50 his Christmasse with Euthred king of Man and after the feast of the Epiphanie sailed from thence into Ireland and chanced the same time that the Englishmen inuaded that countrie to be in the citie of Dun where he was receiued of the king bishops of that land with great reuerence The inuasion then of the Englishmen being signified to them of the countrie aforehand they asked counsell of the legat what he thought best to be doone in that matter who streightwaies told them that line 60 they ought to fight in defense of their countrie and at their setting forward he gaue them his benediction in waie of their good speed But they comming as ye haue heard to encounter with the Englishmen were put to flight and beaten backe into the citie which was herewith also woone by the Englishmen so that the Romane legat was glad to get him into the church for his more safegard and like a wise fellow had prouided afore hand for such haps if they chanced hauing there with him the king of Englands letters directed to the capteins in Ireland in the legats fauour so that by the assistance and authoritie of the same he went to Dublin and there in the name of the pope and the king of England held a councell But when he began to practise after the manner of legats in those daies somewhat largelie for his owne aduantage in the churches of that simple rude countrie the English capteins commanded him either to depart or else to go foorth to the wars with them whervpon he returned into Scotland hauing his bags well stuffed with Irish gold for the which it seemed he greatlie thirsted ¶ Where we haue to note the drift of the pope and all popelings to be far otherwise than they pretend For who vnlesse he will be wilfullie ignorant knoweth not that he and his neuer attempt any thing but the same beareth the hew and colour of holinesse and honestie Hereto tend the sendings out of his legats and cardinals to make pacifications to redresse disorders to appease tumults I wot not what infinit enormities for he must haue his ore in euerie mans bote his spoone in euerie mans dish and his fingers in euerie mans pursse but the end and scope of all his dooings consisteth in this namelie to set himselfe aboue all souereigntie to purchase and assure to himselfe an absolute and supereminent iurisdiction to rob christian kingdomes to impouerish churches chapels and religious places Our chronicles are full of these his pranks and here we haue one practised by a lim of his who as you sée verie impudentlie and licentiouslie preied vpon the church-goods and conuerted the same to his owne profit and commoditie which he had if not trembled yet blushed to doo considering that the goods of the church are the treasurie of Christ or at leastwise ought to be and that none ought to alienate or change the propertie of such goods as the canon law hath prouided Besides the wretch ought to haue remembred that which euen the verie pagans did not forget namelie Haud vllas portabis opes Acherontis ad vndâ—s Nudus ad infernas stulte vehere rates But now to the dooings of Iohn de Curcie and of those Englishmen that were with him who did not onelie defend such places as they had woone out of the Irishmens hands against those kings and their powers but also inlarged dailie more and more their frontiers and wan the towne of Armach wherein is the metropolitane see of all that land with the whole prouince thereto belonging About the same time came ambassadours vnto king Henrie from Alfonse king of Castile and Garsias king of Nauarre to aduertise him that in a controuersie risen betwiâ—t the said two kings touching the possession of certeine grounds néere vnto the confines of their realms they had chosen him for iudge by compromise promising vpon their oths to stand vnto abide his order and decrée therein Therfore they required him to end the matter by his authoritie sith they had wholie put it to his iudgement Furthermore either king had sent a most able and valiant knight furnished with horsse and armour readie in their princes cause to fight the combat if king Henrie should happilie commit the triall of their quarrell vnto the iudgement of battell King Henrie gladlie accepted their request so that thervpon calling his councellors togither he consulted with them of the thing and hearing euerie mans opinion at length he gaue iudgement so with the one that the other was contented to be agreeable therevnto Within a while after Philip earle of Flanders came ouer into England to doo his deuotions at the toome of Thomas archbishop of Canturburie of whome the most part of men then had conceiued an opinion of such holinesse that they reputed him for a saint The king met him there and verie fréendlie enterteined him and bicause he was appointed shortlie after to go ouer into the holie land to war against Gods enimies the king gaue him fiue hundred marks in reward and licenced William Mandeuile earle of Essex to go in that iourneie with other lords knights and men of warre of sundrie nations that were of his dominions The king then returning vnto London tooke order for the establishing of things touching the suertie of the realme and his owne estate And first he appointed the custodie of such castels as were of most importance by their situation vnto the keeping of certeine worthie capteins To sir William de Stuteuille line 10 he assigned the custodie of Rockesburgh castell to sir Roger de Stuteuille the castell of Edenburgh to sir William Neuille the castell of Norham to sir Geffrie Neuille the castell of Berwike and to the archbishop of Yorke he deliuered the castell of Scarborough and sir Roger Coniers he made capteine of the tower of Durham which he
ploughland three shillings In the Lent following year 1200 he went to Yorke in hope to haue met the king of Scots there but he came not and so king Iohn line 50 returned backe and sailed againe into Normandie bicause the variance still depended betweene him and the king of France Finallie vpon the Ascension day in this second yeare of his reigne they came eftsoones to a communication betwixt the townes of Uernon and Lisle Dandelie where finallie they concluded an agréement with a marriage to be had betwixt Lewes the sonne of king Philip and the ladie Blanch daughter to Alfonso king of Castile the 8 of that name néece to K. Iohn by his sister Elianor line 60 In consideration whereof king Iohn besides the summe of thirtie thousand markes in siluer as in respect of dowrie assigned to his said néece resigned his title to the citie of Eureux and also vnto all those townes which the French king had by warre taken from him the citie of Angiers onelie excepted which citie he receiued againe by couenants of the same agréement The French king restored also to king Iohn as Rafe Niger writeth the citie of Tours and all the castels and fortresses which he had taken within Touraine and moreouer receiued of king Iohn his homage for all the lands fees and tenements which at anie time his brother king Richard or his father king Henrie had holden of him the said king Lewes or any his predecessors the quit claims and marriages alwaies excepted The king of England likewise did homage vnto the French king for Britaine and againe as after you shall heare receiued homage for the same countrie and for the countie of Richmont of his nephue Arthur He also gaue the earledome of Glocester vnto the earle of Eureux as it were by way of exchange for that he resigned to the French king all right title claime that might be pretended to the countie of Eureux By this conclusion of marriage betwixt the said Lewes and Blanch the right of king Iohn went awaie which he lawfullie before pretended vnto the citie of Eureux and vnto those townes in the confines of Berrie Chateau Roux or Raoul Cressie and Isoldune and likewise vnto the countrie of Ueuxin or Ueulquessine which is a part of the territorie of Gisors the right of all which lands townes and countries was released to the king of France by K. Iohn who supposed that by his affinitie and resignation of his right to those places the peace now made would haue continued for euer And in consideration thereof he procured furthermore that the foresaid Blanch should be conueied into France to hir husband with all spéed That doone he returned into England ¶ Certes this peace was displeasant to manie but namelie to the earle of Flanders who herevpon making no accompt of king Iohns amitie concluded a peace with king Philip shortlie after and ment to make warre against the infidels in the east parts wherby we may see the discontented minds of men and of how differing humors they be so that nothing is harder than to satisfie manie with one thing be the same neuer so good ô caecis mortalia plena tenebris Pectora ô mentes caligine circumseptas But by the chronicles of Flanders it appeareth that the earle of Flanders concluded a peace with the French king in Februarie last past before that king Iohn and the French king fell to any composition But such was the malice of writers in times past which they bare towards king Iohn that whatsoeuer was doone in preiudice of him or his subiects it was still interpreted to chance through his default so as the blame still was imputed to him in so much that although manie things he did peraduenture in matters of gouernement for the which he might be hardlie excused yet to thinke that he deserued the tenth part of the blame wherewith writers charge him it might seeme a great lacke of aduised consideration in them that so should take it But now to procéed with our purpose King Iohn being now in rest from warres with forren enimies began to make warre with his subiects pursses at home emptieng them by taxes and tallages to fill his coffers which alienated the minds of a great number of them from his loue and obedience At length also when he had got togither a great masse of monie he went ouer againe into Normandie where by Helias archbishop of Burdeaux and the bishop of Poictiers and Scone he was diuorsed from his wife Isabell that was the daughter of Robert earle of Glocester bicause of the néerenesse of bloud as touching hir in the third degrée After that he married Isabell the daughter of Amerie earle of Angolesme by whome he had two sonnes Henrie and Richard and thrée daughters Isabell Elianor and Iane. Moreouer about this time Geffrey archbishop of Yorke was depriued of all his manours lands and possessions by the kings commandement directed to the shiriffe of Yorkeshire for diuerse causes for that he would not permit the same shiriffe to leuie the dutie called Charugage that was thrée shillings of euerie ploughland within his diocesse rated and appointed to be leuied to the kings vse throughout all parts of the realme Secondlie for that the same archbishop refused to go ouer with the king into Normandie to helpe to make the marriage betwixt the French kings sonne and his néece Thirdlie bicause he had excommunicated the same shiriffe and all the prouince of Yorke wherevpon the king tooke displeasure against him and not onelie spoiled him line 10 as I said of his goods but also banished him out of the court not suffering him to come in his presence for the space of twelue moneths after In this yeare also Hubert archbishop of Canturburie held a councell at Westminster against the prohibition of the lord chiefe iustice Geffrey Fitz Peter earle of Essex In the which councell or synod diuerse constitutions were made and ordeined for orders and customes to be vsed touching the seruice and administration of sacraments in the church and line 20 other articles concerning churchmen and ecclesiasticall matters About the same time king Iohn and Philip king of France met togither néere the towne of Uernon where Arthur duke of Britaine as vassall to his vncle king Iohn did his homage vnto him for the duchie of Britaine those other places which he held of him on this side and beyond the riuer of Loir and afterward still mistrusting his vncles curtesie he returned backe againe with the French king and would not commit himselfe to his said vncle line 30 who as he supposed did beare him little good will These things being thus performed king Iohn returned into England and there caused his new married wife Isabell to be crowned on the sundaie before the feast of S. Denise the eight of October At the same time he gaue commandement vnto Hugh Neuill
high iustice of his forrests that he should award his precepts vnto all forresters within the realme to giue warning to all the white moonks that before the quindene of S. Michaell they should line 40 remooue out of his forrests all their horsses of Haraz and other cattell vnder the penaltie to forfeit so manie of them as after that day chanced to be found within the same forrests The cause that mooued the king to deale so hardlie with them was for that they refused to helpe him with monie when before his last going ouer into Normandie he demanded it of them towards the paiment of the thirtie thousand pounds which he had couenanted to pay the French king to liue in rest and peace which he coueted to line 50 haue doone for reliefe of his people and his owne suertie knowing what enimies he had that laie in wait to destroie him and againe what discommodities had chanced to his father and brethren by the often and continuall wars But now to procéed with other dooings Immediatlie after the solemnization of the quéens coronation ended he sent Philip bishop of Duresme Roger Bigot earle of Northfolke and Henrie de Bohun earle of Hereford nephue to William king line 60 of Scotland and Dauid earle of Huntington brother to the said king and Roger de Lacie conestable of Chester the lord William de Uescie and the lord Robert de Ros which had married two of the daughters of the said king Robert Fitz Roger shiriffe of Northumberland as ambassadours from him vnto the foresaid William king of Scotland with letters patents conteining a safe conduct for him to come into England and to méet with king Iohn at Lincolne on the morrow after the feast of S. Edmund who gladlie granted therevnto and so according to that appointment both the kings met at Lincolne the 21 day of Nouember And on the morrow after king Iohn went to the cathedrall church and offered vpon the high altar a chalice of gold On the same day vpon a hill without the citie the king of Scots did homage vnto king Iohn in the presence and fight of a great multitude of people swearing fealtie of life limme and worldlie honour vnto king Iohn which oth he made vpon the crosse of Hubert archbishop of Canturburie There were present at that time beside other Noblemen three archbishops Canturburie Yorke and Raguse with other bishops to the number of thirtéene as Duresme London Rochester Elie Bath Salisburie Winchester Hereford Norwich S. Andrews in Scotland Landaffe and Bangor in Wales and Meth in Ireland beside a great multitude of earles barons and other Noblemen When the king of Scots had thus doone his homage he required restitution of Northumberland Cumberland and Westmerland which he claimed as his right and lawfull heritage Much talke was had touching this matter but they could not agrée and therefore king Iohn asked respit to consider of it till the feast of Pentecost next insuing which being granted the king of Scots the next morrow being the 23 of Nouember returned homewards and was conducted backe againe into his countrie by the same Noble men that brought him to Lincolne The same day that the king of Scots tooke his iournie homewards from Lincolne the corps of Hugh bishop of that citie latelie before departed this life at London after his returne from the parts of beyond the seas was brought thither to be buried the king and all the bishops earles and barons went to receiue it and honoured his buriall with their presence On the morrow after being fridaie he was interred within the new church which he had builded This Hugh was a Frenchman by nation borne at Granople a man of a pregnant wit and skilfull both in science of holie scripture and humane knowledge He was first a regular canon and after became a Carthusian moonke King Henrie the second mooued with the fame of his vertue and godlie life sent the bishop of Bath to bring him into England and after he was come made him first abbat of Whithing in the diocesse of Welles and after created him bishop of Lincolne He was noted to be of a verie perfect life namelie bicause he would not sticke to reprooue men of their faults plainelie and frankelie not regarding the fauour or disfauour of any man in somuch that he would not feare to pronounce them accurssed which being the kings officers would take vpon them the punishment of any person within orders of the church for hunting and killing of the kings game within his parkes forrests and chases yea and that which is more he would denie paiments of such subsidies and taxes as he was assessed to paie to the vses of king Richard and king Iohn towards the maintenance of their wars and did oftentimes accursse by his ecclesiasticall authoritie such shiriffes collectors or other officers as did distreine vpon his lands and goods for to satisfie these kings of their demands alledging openlie that he would not paie any monie towards the maintenance of wars which one christian prince vpon priuate displeasure and grudge made against another prince of the same religion This was his reason And when he came before the king to make answer to his disobedience shewed herein he would so handle the matter partlie with gentle admonishments partlie with sharpe reproofes and sometime mixing merrie and pleasant spéech amongst his serious arguments that often times he would so qualifie the kings mood that being driuen from anger he could not but laugh and smile at the bishops pleasant talke and merrie conceits so that it might well be said of him Omne tulit punctum quimiscuit vtile dulci. This maner he vsed not onelie with the king alone but with the father and the two sonnes that is to say Henrie the second Richard and Iohn in whose time he ruled and gouerned the sée of Lincolne He was after his decesse for the opinion which men conceiued of his holinesse and vertues admitted into the number of the saints Yee haue heard how king Iohn had conceiued no line 10 small displeasure against the moonks of the white order for that they would not part with any monie excusing themselues that they might not doo it without consent of a generall chapiter of their order Wherevpon the king had caused them diuerse waies to be molested but cheefelie in restreining them of libertie to haue any horsses or other cattell going to pasture within his forrests They therefore taking aduise togither chose foorth twelue abbats amongst them of that order the which in all â—heir names went line 20 to Lincolne there to make suit to the king comming thither at this time to méet the king of Scots that it would please him to remit his displeasure conceiued against them and to take them againe into his protection This suit was so followed although with some difficultie that at length to wit the sundaie after that the king of Scots had doone his homage through the
kings armie might haue reléefe and further made all things readie for their owne defense so well as they could deuise The earle of Kent about the same time by helpe of two yeomen that attended vpon him escaped out of the castell of Uées and tooke sanctuarie in the next church but when those that line 30 had the charge of him and the castell in keeping missed him and heard where he was they fetcht both him and the two yeomen that holpe him to make the escape out of the church and bringing them backe to the castell imprisoned the earle And though the bishop of Salisburie came thither and threatened to accursse them if they would not deliuer the earle and restore him to sanctuarie againe they made answer that they had rather the earle should hang for himselfe than they for him And line 40 so bicause they would not deliuer him the bishop did excommunicate them and after riding to the court and taking with him the bishop of London and other bishops preuailed so much by complaint exhibited to the K. that the earle was restored to the church againe the eighteenth day of October but so as the shiriffe of the shire had commandement to compasse the church about with men to watch that no releefe came vnto him whereby he might be constreined line 50 through famishing to submit himselfe Notwithstanding shortlie after there came a power of armed men and fetcht the said earle from thence setting him on horssebacke in faire complet armour and so conueied him into Wales where he ioined with other of the kings enimies the thirtith day of October Within a few daies after came the king with his armie and entring into Wales for want of vittels was constreined to retire backe to the marshes betwixt line 60 Worcestershire Salopshire where staieng certeine daies togither in those parts his souldiers straied abroad in the countrie vnaduisedlie and kéeping no watch nor ward about their campe were surprised in the night by their enimies and slaine on euerie side The slaughter had béene greater but that the residue which laie in campe brake foorth about midnight and in a plumpe togither fled into a castell which was néere at hand called Grossemound in the which the king himselfe was lodged There were slaine aboue fiue hundred men and all the trusse and baggage of the campe lost Yet Matthew Paris saith there were but two knights slaine which cast awaie themselues by their owne wilfulnesse that would needs stand to it and make resistance where the residue being spoiled of all that they had with them got awaie by flight as the bishops of Winchester and Chichester the lord chéefe iustice Stephan Segraue Peter de Riuales treasurer Hugh Bigot earle of Norfolke William earle of Salisburie William lord Beauchampe and William Dalbenie the yoonger who were witnesses of this losse amongst the residue Hereof it came to passe that manie of the kings armie speciallie those which had lost their horsses armour monie and other furniture with their vittels returned into their countrie to their great confusion For the Welshmen and other outlawes hauing spoiled the campe returned with the cariages and sumpters which they had taken into places of safe refuge The king hauing receiued this losse and oftentimes tried fortune nothing fauourable vnto him in those parts by reason of the streits and disaduantage of the places thought good to reserue the reuenge of his receiued iniuries vntill a more conuenient time and therevpon returned to Glocester and furnished diuers castels and fortresses in the borders of Wales with garrisons of souldiers namelie Poictouins and other strangers to defend the same against William Marshall and the other his complices who vpon occasions dailie sought to suppresse and distresse the said strangers And beside other encounters in the which manie of those Poictouins and other strangers were slaine and oppressed by the said William Marshall and his adherents it chanced that vpon saint Katherins day the said William Marshall comming néere to the castell of Monmouth to view the same was in danger to haue remained prisoner in the enimies hands through an issue made by sir Baldwine de Guines capiteine of that castell with his Poictouins and Flemings But by such rescue as came to his aid he was deliuered out of their hands and the Poictouins and other of the garrison discomfited At this skirmish sir Baldwine himselfe being sore wounded was borne out of the field into the castell losing fiftéene knights of his part and a great sort of other which were taken prisoners besides no small number that were slaine in the place The same yeare chanced a great dearth by reason that the growth of all things was much hindered with the extreame cold weather Also there happened about the beginning of Nouember great thunder and lightning and therewith folowed an earthquake to the great feare of the inhabitants of the towne of Huntington and other places thereabouts After this came a great dearth amongst the people being commonlie a neere companion to great famine and dearth Richard Marshall erle of Penbroke in this meane time ceassed not to waste the marshes of England next adioining to Wales and dailie diuerse of the English Nobilitie repaired to him so that the king was sore troubled in his mind It chanced at the same time that one Iohn of Monmouth a right valiant capteine who led the kings armie receiued a great ouerthrow at the hands of Richard Marshall For whereas the foresaid Iohn hauing assembled a mightie host made great hast towards his enimies in hope to haue come vpon them at vnwares and therefore marching by night that he might be readie to assaile them somewhat afore the breake of the day which in the summer season is the most silent time of all the night it chanced farre otherwise than he looked it should haue doone For the earle of Penbroke hauing knowledge by his spies of his aduersaries intent laie himselfe with his people within a wood in ambush by the way where the said Iohn should passe and setting vpon him as he approched put his people in such feare by the sudden incounter that they knew not what capteine or ensigne they might follow and so immediatlie fell to running awaie The slaughter was great on euerie side both of Poictouins and others Diuerse of them fléeing also into the next woods were receiued by such as were laid there to cut them off and so slaine or taken out of hand Howbeit their chiefe capteine the forenamed Iohn of Monmouth escaped with a few other in his companie year 1234 line 10 This ouerthrow chanced the morrow after Christmasse daie The next daie Richard Marshall hauing thus got the victorie destroied certeine houses and lordships there in the marshes which belonged to the said Iohn of Monmouth About the same time also Richard Sward with other outlawes destroied the possessions belonging