Selected quad for the lemma: justice_n
Text snippets containing the quad
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A42221
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A defence of the catholick faith concerning the satisfaction of Christ written originally by the learned Hugo Grotius and now translated by W.H. ; a work very necessary in these times for the preventing of the growth of Socinianism.; Defensio fidei catholicae de satisfactione Christi. English
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Grotius, Hugo, 1583-1645.
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1692
(1692)
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Wing G2107; ESTC R38772
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124,091
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303
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towards_o we_o to_o wit_n that_o he_o spare_v we_o to_o who_o it_o be_v not_o a_o thing_n indifferent_a to_o punish_v sin_n but_o who_o think_v it_o a_o thing_n of_o so_o great_a concernment_n that_o rather_o than_o he_o will_v suffer_v they_o to_o be_v whole_o unpunished_a he_o deliver_v up_o his_o only_a beget_v son_n to_o punishment_n for_o those_o sin_n so_o that_o as_o it_o be_v say_v by_o the_o ancient_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o it_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d neither_o according_a to_o the_o law_n nor_o against_o the_o law_n but_o above_o the_o law_n and_o instead_o of_o the_o law_n that_o be_v very_o true_a of_o divine_a grace_n it_o be_v above_o the_o law_n because_o we_o be_v not_o punish_v for_o the_o law_n because_o punishment_n be_v not_o omit_v and_o therefore_o be_v remission_n give_v that_o we_o may_v in_o time_n to_o come_v live_v to_o the_o divine_a law_n these_o thing_n be_v right_o understand_v all_o those_o thing_n fall_v which_o socinus_n object_n concern_v the_o defect_n of_o a_o cause_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o go_v through_o all_o particular_n in_o which_o nevertheless_o not_o a_o few_o error_n may_v be_v observe_v as_o when_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n also_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o three_o book_n â—…e_o say_v that_o punish_v justice_n do_v not_o reside_v in_o god_n but_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o his_o will._n very_o to_o punish_v be_v a_o effect_n of_o the_o will_n but_o that_o justice_n or_o rectitude_n out_o of_o which_o proceed_v both_o other_o thing_n and_o also_o retribution_n of_o punishment_n be_v a_o property_n reside_v in_o god_n for_o the_o scripture_n conclude_v god_n to_o be_v just_a because_o he_o render_v punishment_n to_o fault_n gather_v the_o cause_n from_o the_o effect_n but_o socinus_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v lead_v into_o this_o error_n because_o he_o believe_v that_o any_o effect_n of_o the_o property_n of_o god_n be_v altogether_o necessary_a whereas_o many_o of_o they_o be_v free_a to_o wit_n a_o free_a act_n of_o the_o will_n interveen_v between_o the_o property_n and_o the_o effect_n so_o it_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o the_o goodness_n of_o god_n to_o communicate_v his_o own_o goodness_n but_o this_o he_o do_v not_o before_o the_o creation_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o goodness_n to_o spare_v the_o guilty_a but_o scarce_o will_v any_o man_n say_v that_o god_n spare_v those_o who_o he_o punish_v with_o eternal_a punishment_n therefore_o there_o be_v some_o property_n of_o god_n the_o exercise_n whereof_o both_z as_o to_o the_o act_n and_o also_o as_o to_o the_o time_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o act_n yea_o also_o as_o to_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o object_n depend_v upon_o his_o free_a will_n over_o which_o nevertheless_o wisdom_n preside_v neither_o can_v god_n therefore_o be_v say_v because_o he_o have_v the_o free_a use_n of_o these_o property_n to_o do_v what_o he_o do_v without_o a_o cause_n when_o he_o use_v they_o for_o god_n do_v not_o therefore_o make_v the_o world_n in_o vain_a because_o he_o have_v liberty_n not_o to_o make_v it_o neither_o because_o it_o please_v god_n to_o punish_v some_o which_o socinus_n confess_v to_o be_v true_a chief_o in_o those_o who_o repentance_n god_n wait_v for_o do_v he_o therefore_o punish_v without_o cause_n where_o he_o punish_v for_o many_o thing_n be_v perform_v free_o and_o yet_o for_o a_o weighty_a cause_n the_o other_o error_n be_v also_o above_o mention_v that_o he_o will_v make_v god_n forgive_a sin_n to_o do_v just_a the_o same_o thing_n that_o man_n do_v who_o give_v up_o their_o own_o right_n it_o have_v be_v show_v that_o punishment_n be_v not_o in_o property_n or_o debt_n or_o that_o it_o can_v be_v equallize_v to_o they_o in_o all_o thing_n to_o give_v a_o man_n be_v own_o to_o forgive_v debt_n be_v always_o honourable_a of_o itself_o when_o we_o say_v of_o itself_o we_o exclude_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v present_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o accident_n such_o as_o be_v the_o poverty_n of_o the_o giver_n himself_o which_o also_o can_v have_v place_n in_o god_n but_o to_o forgive_v punishment_n sometime_o will_v not_o be_v honourable_a no_o not_o to_o god_n himself_o as_o socinus_n acknowledge_v therefore_o there_o be_v a_o wide_a difference_n here_o but_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o difference_n be_v thence_o that_o the_o next_o foundation_n of_o lordly_a power_n and_o debt_n be_v a_o certain_a relation_n of_o a_o thing_n to_o a_o person_n but_o the_o next_o foundation_n of_o punishment_n be_v the_o relation_n of_o a_o thing_n to_o a_o thing_n to_o wit_n the_o equality_n of_o a_o fault_n with_o some_o hurt_v agree_v to_o order_n and_o common_a good_a wherefore_o that_o be_v not_o true_a which_o socinus_n assert_v as_o most_o certain_a that_o the_o commonwealth_n will_v commit_v no_o unjustice_n if_o it_o absolve_v a_o guilty_a person_n except_o it_o also_o be_v injurious_a to_o the_o proper_a right_n of_o some_o private_a person_n or_o break_v god_n law_n for_o by_o the_o name_n of_o commonwealth_n he_o either_o understand_v the_o multitude_n that_o govern_v or_o be_v govern_v the_o multitude_n that_o be_v govern_v as_o it_o have_v not_o the_o power_n of_o make_v law_n so_o neither_o have_v it_o the_o power_n of_o moderate_v they_o but_o a_o multitude_n that_o govern_v as_o a_o senate_n in_o the_o state_n of_o peer_n or_o the_o great_a part_n of_o a_o parliament_n in_o a_o popular_a state_n can_v do_v more_o than_o other_o chief_a governor_n as_o for_o example_n free_a king_n in_o a_o kingdom_n and_o father_n in_o respect_n of_o a_o family_n but_o it_o be_v part_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o a_o governor_n to_o keep_v law_n yea_o those_o also_o that_o be_v positive_a and_o give_v by_o himself_o which_o lawyer_n prove_v to_o be_v true_a as_o well_o in_o a_o free_a university_n as_o in_o the_o high_a king_n the_o reason_n of_o both_o be_v because_o the_o act_n of_o make_v or_o relax_v a_o law_n be_v not_o a_o act_n of_o absolute_a lordship_n but_o a_o act_n of_o empire_n which_o ought_v to_o tend_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o good_a order_n that_o also_o which_o socinus_n say_v deserve_v reprehension_n that_o beside_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o christ_n himself_o there_o can_v be_v no_o lawful_a cause_n give_v of_o the_o death_n of_o christ_n unless_o we_o say_v christ_n deserve_v that_o he_o shall_v die_v for_o merit_n be_v in_o the_o antecedent_n cause_n as_o we_o say_v above_o but_o impersonal_o for_o our_o sin_n deserve_v that_o punishment_n shall_v be_v require_v but_o that_o punishment_n be_v confer_v upon_o christ_n this_o we_o so_o refer_v to_o the_o will_n of_o god_n and_o christ_n that_o that_o will_v have_v also_o its_o own_o cause_n not_o in_o the_o merit_n of_o christ_n who_o when_o he_o know_v no_o sin_n be_v make_v sin_n by_o god_n but_o in_o the_o great_a fitness_n of_o christ_n to_o show_v a_o signal_n example_n which_o consist_v both_o in_o his_o great_a conjunction_n with_o we_o and_o in_o the_o unmatched_a dignity_n of_o his_o person_n but_o that_o collection_n of_o socinus_n be_v confute_v by_o manifest_a testimony_n of_o scripture_n the_o antecedent_n cause_n why_o the_o infant_n of_o david_n die_v be_v make_v manifest_a because_o david_n by_o sin_v heinous_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o wicked_a to_o insult_v over_o the_o name_n of_o god_n blasphemous_o here_o there_o be_v merit_n but_o not_o in_o the_o infant_n and_o in_o punish_v the_o posterity_n of_o achab_n beyond_o their_o own_o merit_n god_n have_v respect_n to_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o sin_n of_o achab._n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o antecedent_n cause_v of_o punishment_n be_v merit_n but_o not_o always_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o person_n that_o be_v punish_v chap._n vi_o whether_o god_n will_v that_o christ_n shall_v be_v punish_v and_o it_o be_v show_v that_o he_o will_v it_o and_o also_o the_o nature_n of_o satisfaction_n be_v explain_v these_o two_o question_n have_v be_v handle_v whether_o god_n can_v just_o punish_v christ_n be_v willing_a for_o our_o sin_n and_o whether_o there_o be_v some_o sufficient_a cause_n why_o god_n shall_v do_v it_o the_o three_o remain_v whether_o real_o god_n do_v this_o or_o which_o signify_v the_o same_o will_v to_o do_v it_o for_o socinus_n deny_v it_o both_o in_o many_o place_n elsewhere_o and_o also_o in_o a_o set_a discourse_n upon_o it_o lib._n 3._o cap._n 2._o we_o together_o with_o scripture_n maintain_v that_o god_n will_v this_o and_o do_v it_o for_o christ_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v deliver_v up_o to_o have_v suffer_v and_o die_v for_o our_o sin_n rom._n 4.25_o 1_o pet._n 3.18_o isai_n 53.5_o the_o chastisement_n of_o our_o peace_n be_v lay_v upon_o
be_v restitution_n due_a to_o i_o but_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o punishment_n be_v the_o viciousness_n of_o the_o act_n and_o not_o because_o i_o want_v something_o for_o though_o no_o man_n want_v any_o thing_n the_o act_n will_v be_v right_o punish_v as_o in_o great_a crime_n which_o be_v only_o begin_v and_o be_v not_o complete_v there_o be_v also_o another_o difference_n no_o less_o remarkable_a that_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o thing_n itself_o determine_v the_o manner_n and_o quantity_n of_o the_o restitution_n punishment_n though_o in_o its_o own_o kind_n it_o have_v a_o natural_a cause_n in_o some_o sense_n as_o we_o shall_v say_v afterward_o yet_o it_o can_v be_v determine_v but_o by_o a_o free_a act_n of_o the_o will._n add_v this_o also_o that_o punishment_n inasmuch_o as_o it_o consist_v in_o speak_v or_o do_v be_v not_o due_a ordinary_o before_o condemnation_n but_o restitution_n in_o all_o respect_n be_v due_a the_o debt_n of_o restitution_n pass_v unto_o the_o heir_n the_o punishment_n pass_v not_o which_o i_o judge_v requisite_a to_o mention_v only_o for_o this_o cause_n lest_o any_o shall_v rash_o confound_v that_o which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o offend_a with_o punishment_n but_o yet_o it_o be_v true_a that_o by_o a_o positive_a law_n as_o also_o by_o a_o contract_n way_n may_v be_v make_v that_o a_o creditor_n may_v obtain_v a_o right_n for_o punishment_n which_o then_o also_o the_o law_n distinguish_v from_o the_o pursuit_n of_o a_o thing_n or_o of_o damage_n l._n si_fw-la pignore_fw-la parag_n cum_fw-la furti_fw-la d._n de_fw-fr furtis_fw-la instit_fw-la de_fw-fr lega_fw-la aquilia_n parag_v and_o in_o these_o word_n but_o this_o use_v for_o the_o most_o part_n to_o be_v appoint_v in_o pecuniary_a punishment_n which_o not_o only_o bring_v damage_n to_o he_o who_o do_v the_o hurt_n but_o also_o gain_n to_o he_o that_o be_v hurt_v but_o in_o corporal_a punishment_n in_o which_o there_o be_v no_o true_a gain_n of_o the_o person_n that_o be_v injure_v this_o be_v scarce_o exercise_v and_o therefore_o we_o see_v king_n and_o other_o chief_a governor_n forgive_v punishment_n to_o the_o guilty_a against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o party_n wrong_v command_v they_o only_o to_o make_v restitution_n of_o the_o damage_n which_o no_o man_n judge_v unjust_a but_o this_o will_v be_v unjust_a if_o punishment_n be_v due_a to_o the_o party_n wrong_v especial_o where_o no_o necessity_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n require_v remission_n wherefore_o that_o lesser_a magistrate_n can_v remit_v corporal_a punishment_n that_o come_v not_o to_o pass_v for_o any_o power_n of_o the_o person_n injure_v in_o punish_v for_o they_o can_v not_o punish_v any_o thing_n the_o more_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o offend_a person_n but_o because_o the_o law_n of_o the_o superior_a have_v not_o grant_v unto_o they_o that_o power_n yea_o have_v express_o deny_v it_o which_o shall_v likewise_o be_v understand_v concern_v king_n be_v compare_v with_o god_n in_o those_o crime_n which_o the_o divine_a law_n have_v command_v indispensable_o to_o be_v punish_v these_o thing_n make_v for_o this_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o god_n also_o be_v offend_v with_o we_o be_v not_o proper_o a_o creditor_n in_o punish_v for_o he_o that_o affirm_v that_o rely_v either_o on_o that_o right_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o thing_n themselves_o or_o that_o rght_n which_o be_v constitute_v we_o have_v sufficient_o show_v as_o i_o think_v that_o the_o offend_a person_n be_v not_o a_o creditor_n in_o the_o punishment_n by_o that_o right_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o thing_n themselves_o but_o a_o constitute_v right_o not_o whereby_o punishment_n but_o whereby_o such_o a_o credit_n of_o punishment_n may_v be_v introduce_v be_v neither_o allege_v nor_o if_o it_o be_v allege_v can_v it_o be_v prove_v neither_o can_v any_o reason_n be_v give_v why_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v so_o appoint_v some_o body_n will_v perhaps_o object_v that_o god_n forgive_a the_o punishment_n of_o sinner_n be_v somewhere_o compare_v with_o a_o creditor_n give_v up_o his_o own_o right_n as_o matth._n 18.35_o but_o as_o we_o show_v above_o comparison_n do_v not_o require_v that_o thing_n shall_v agree_v genere_fw-la proximo_fw-la in_o their_o next_o kind_n but_o be_v content_v with_o any_o similitude_n so_o christ_n wash_v his_o disciple_n foot_n give_v a_o example_n to_o his_o disciple_n that_o as_o he_o do_v they_o shall_v also_o do_v that_o be_v that_o they_o shall_v serve_v one_o another_o but_o the_o resemblance_n of_o god_n forgive_a sin_n and_o of_o a_o creditor_n yield_v up_o his_o own_o right_n be_v great_a than_o the_o resemblance_n of_o the_o same_o god_fw-we forgive_a sin_n and_o a_o offend_a person_n forgive_a offence_n concern_v which_o resemblance_n we_o just_o now_o discourse_v for_o the_o act_n of_o god_n and_o the_o creditor_n agree_v not_o only_o in_o the_o move_a cause_n which_o be_v bounty_n and_o the_o effect_n which_o be_v fâ—eeing_v from_o misery_n or_o trouble_v but_o in_o that_o also_o that_o in_o both_o some_o right_n go_v before_o in_o god_n to_o punish_v in_o the_o creditor_n to_o require_v the_o debt_n and_o on_o both_o side_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a dissolution_n of_o the_o obligation_n that_o be_v before_o though_o in_o the_o obligation_n itself_o as_o also_o in_o the_o dissolution_n there_o be_v something_o unlike_o which_o though_o that_o example_n do_v not_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o thing_n to_o which_o it_o be_v bring_v can_v wrong_v the_o resemblance_n or_o parable_n this_o may_v be_v the_o three_o assertion_n the_o right_a of_o punish_v in_o a_o governor_n be_v not_o either_o the_o right_a of_o absolute_a lordship_n or_o the_o right_n of_o the_o thing_n credit_v this_o be_v prove_v first_o from_o the_o end_n which_o use_v best_a to_o distinguish_v faculty_n for_o the_o right_n of_o absolute_a lordship_n as_o also_o the_o right_n of_o the_o thing_n credit_v be_v procure_v for_o his_o sake_n that_o have_v that_o power_n or_o right_n but_o the_o power_n of_o punish_v be_v not_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o punisher_n but_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o some_o community_n for_o all_o punishment_n have_v the_o common_a good_a propose_v to_o wit_n the_o preservation_n of_o order_n and_o example_n so_o than_o it_o have_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o be_v desirable_a but_o from_o this_o end_n whereas_o the_o power_n of_o lordship_n and_o of_o the_o thing_n credit_v be_v of_o themselves_o desirable_a in_o this_o sense_n god_n say_v that_o he_o delight_v not_o in_o the_o punishment_n of_o they_o that_o be_v punish_v again_o it_o be_v never_o contrary_a to_o justice_n to_o give_v up_o the_o right_n of_o lordship_n or_o of_o the_o thing_n credit_v for_o this_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o property_n that_o it_o be_v as_o lawful_a to_o use_v it_o as_o not_o to_o use_v it_o but_o to_o let_v some_o sin_n go_v unpunished_a to_o wit_n of_o they_o that_o repent_v not_o will_v be_v unjust_a in_o a_o governor_n yea_o in_o god_n himself_o as_o socinus_n confess_v therefore_o the_o right_n of_o punish_v be_v not_o the_o same_o with_o the_o right_n of_o property_n or_o credit_n moreover_o no_o man_n be_v call_v just_a for_o that_o and_o be_v praise_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o justice_n because_o he_o use_v his_o own_o property_n or_o because_o he_o require_v the_o debt_n but_o any_o governor_n and_o god_n himself_o also_o be_v call_v therefore_o just_a and_o praise_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o justice_n because_o he_o forgive_v not_o punishment_n but_o exact_v it_o severe_o just_o be_v thou_o o_o lord_n because_o thou_o have_v so_o judge_v apoc._n 16.5_o which_o be_v prove_v already_o in_o many_o place_n again_o the_o diversity_n of_o virtue_n arise_v from_o the_o diversity_n of_o object_n but_o the_o virtue_n whereby_o we_o give_v up_o our_o property_n or_o our_o debt_n be_v call_v liberality_n not_o clemency_n but_o that_o whereby_o freedom_n from_o punishment_n be_v grant_v be_v not_o call_v liberality_n but_o clemency_n perhaps_o some_o man_n may_v ask_v see_v punishment_n be_v say_v to_o be_v owe_v who_o be_v here_o the_o creditor_n for_o a_o debtor_n can_v scarce_o be_v understand_v where_o there_o be_v no_o creditor_n but_o it_o must_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o word_n debere_fw-la to_o owe_v do_v not_o always_o signify_v a_o relation_n between_o two_o person_n for_o oftentimes_o debeo_fw-la hoc_fw-la facere_fw-la i_o ought_v to_o do_v this_o signify_v no_o other_o thing_n but_o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o this_o thing_n shall_v be_v perform_v by_o i_o without_o respect_n to_o another_o person_n so_o debeo_fw-la poenam_fw-la i_o owe_v punishment_n that_o be_v i_o be_o worthy_a of_o punishment_n and_o i_o be_o absolute_o oblige_v to_o suffer_v it_o but_o not_o relative_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o man_n or_o that_o therefore_o it_o be_v the_o same_o sense_n in_o