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justice_n earl_n lord_n viscount_n 2,789 5 12.4654 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A34797 The interpreter, or, Book containing the signification of words wherein is set forth the true meaning of all ... words and terms as are mentioned in the law-writers or statutes ... requiring any exposition or interpretation : a work not only profitable but necessary for such as desire thoroughly to be instructed in the knowledge of our laws, statutes, or other antiquities / collected by John Cowell ... Cowell, John, 1554-1611. 1658 (1658) Wing C6644; ESTC R31653 487,806 288

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see_v the_o usual_a form_n hereof_o particular_o set_v down_o whereunto_o join_v the_o new_a exposition_n of_o law_n term_n lieutenant_n see_v lieutenant_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o tower_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v a_o officer_n under_o the_o constable_n an_z h._n 4._o cap._n 15._o lo_o locus_fw-la partitus_fw-la signify_v a_o division_n make_v between_o two_o town_n or_o country_n to_o make_v trial_n in_o whether_o the_o land_n or_o place_n in_o question_n lie_v fleta_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 15._o nu_fw-la 1._o local_a localis_fw-la signify_v in_o our_o common_a law_n as_o much_o as_o tie_v or_o annex_v to_o a_o place_n certain_a example_n the_o thing_n be_v local_a and_o annex_v to_o the_o freehold_n kitchen_n folio_n 180._o and_o again_o in_o the_o same_o place_n a_o action_n of_o trespass_n for_o battery_n etc._n etc._n be_v transitory_a not_o local_a that_o be_v not_o needful_a that_o the_o place_n of_o the_o battery_n shall_v be_v set_v down_o as_o material_a in_o the_o declaration_n 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contain_v a_o number_n of_o law_n ordain_v the_o nine_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o and_o confirm_v by_o edward_n the_o first_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o be_v term_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v either_o for_o that_o it_o contain_v the_o sum_n of_o all_o the_o write_v law_n of_o england_n or_o else_o that_o there_o be_v another_o charter_n call_v the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n establish_v with_o it_o which_o in_o quantity_n be_v the_o lesser_a of_o the_o two_o i_o read_v in_o holinshed_a that_o k._n john_n to_o appease_v his_o baron_n yield_v to_o law_n or_o article_n of_o government_n much_o like_a to_o this_o great_a charter_n but_o we_o now_o have_v no_o ancient_a write_v law_n than_o this_o which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v so_o beneficial_a to_o the_o subject_a and_o a_o law_n of_o so_o great_a equity_n in_o comparison_n of_o
prison_n at_o that_o time_n or_o otherwise_o at_o their_o will_n so_o that_o he_o which_o be_v so_o bail_v shall_v not_o be_v say_v by_o the_o law_n to_o be_v at_o large_a or_o at_o his_o own_o liberty_n see_v lambert_n eirenal_n l._n 3._o cap._n 2._o pag._n 330._o bail_n be_v also_o a_o certain_a limit_n within_o the_o forest_n according_o as_o the_o forest_n be_v divide_v into_o the_o charge_n of_o several_a forester_n crompton_n in_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o bow-bearer_n fol._n 201._o see_v maynprise_n bailiff_n ballivus_fw-la come_v of_o the_o french_a bailif_n i_o diacete_n nomarcha_fw-la praefectus_fw-la provinciae_fw-la and_o as_o the_o name_n so_o the_o office_n itself_o in_o ancient_a time_n be_v very_o answerable_a to_o that_o of_o france_n and_o normandy_n for_o as_o in_o france_n there_o be_v sixteen_o parliament_n lupanus_n de_fw-fr magistratibus_fw-la francorum_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n parlamentum_fw-la which_o be_v high_a court_n whence_o lie_v no_o appeal_n and_o within_o the_o precinct_n of_o those_o several_a part_n of_o that_o kingdom_n that_o belong_v to_o each_o parliament_n there_o be_v several_a province_n unto_o which_o within_o themselves_o justice_n be_v minister_v by_o certain_a officer_n call_v bailiff_n so_o in_o england_n we_o see_v many_o several_a county_n or_o shire_n within_o the_o which_o justice_n have_v be_v minister_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o each_o county_n by_o the_o officer_n who_o we_o now_o call_v sheriff_n or_o viscount_n one_o name_n descend_v from_o the_o saxon_n the_o other_o from_o the_o norman_n and_o though_o i_o can_v express_o prove_v that_o this_o sheriff_n be_v ever_o call_v a_o bailiff_n yet_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o that_o be_v one_o of_o his_o name_n likewise_o because_o the_o county_n be_v call_v many_o time_n balliva_n that_o be_v a_o bauliwick_n as_o namely_o in_o the_o return_n of_o a_o writ_n with_o non_fw-la est_fw-la inventus_fw-la he_o write_v thus_o a._n s._n infra_fw-la scriptus_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la inventus_fw-la in_o balliva_fw-la mea_fw-la post_fw-la receptionem_fw-la huius_fw-la brevis_fw-la kitchen_n returna_fw-la brevium_fw-la foe_fw-mi 285._o and_o again_o in_o bracton_n lib._n 3._o tract_n 2._o cap._n 33._o num_fw-la 3._o and_o anno_fw-la 5_o eliz._n cap._n 23._o and_o anno_fw-la 14_o edw._n 3._o stat_fw-la 1._o cap_n 6._o and_o i_o think_v the_o word_n bailiff_n use_v ca._n 28_o of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la comprise_v as_o well_o sheriff_n as_o bailiff_n of_o hundred_o as_o also_o anno_o 14_o edw._n 3._o stat_fw-la 1._o ca._n 9_o but_o as_o the_o realm_n be_v divide_v into_o county_n so_o every_o county_n be_v again_o divide_v into_o hundred_o within_o the_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o king_n subject_n have_v justice_n minister_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o several_a officer_n of_o every_o hundred_o which_o be_v call_v bailiff_n as_o those_o officet_n be_v and_o be_v in_o france_n and_o normandy_n be_v chief_a officer_n of_o justice_n within_o every_o province_n lupanus_n de_fw-fr magistratibus_fw-la francorum_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n baltvi_fw-la and_o the_o grand_a custumary_n of_o normandy_n cap._n 1._o and_o that_o this_o be_v true_a among_o many_o other_o i_o bring_v bracton_n for_o my_o witness_n lib._n 3._o tract_n 2._o cap._n 34._o un_fw-fr 5._o where_o it_o appear_v that_o bailiff_n of_o hundred_o may_v hold_v plea_n of_o appeal_n and_o approver_n but_o since_o that_o time_n these_o hundred_o court_n certain_a franchise_n except_v be_v by_o the_o statute_n anno_fw-la 14_o ed._n 3._o stat_fw-la 1._o cap._n 9_o swallow_v into_o the_o county_n court_v as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o county_n and_o hundred_o and_o the_o bailiff_n name_n and_o office_n be_v grow_v into_o such_o contempt_n at_o the_o least_o these_o bailiff_n of_o hundred_o that_o they_o be_v now_o but_o bare_a messenger_n and_o mandatary_n within_o their_o liberty_n to_o serve_v writ_n and_o such_o base_a office_n their_o office_n consist_v in_o three_o point_n only_o which_o see_v in_o cromptons_n justice_n of_o peace_n fol._n 49._o a._n yet_o be_v the_o name_n still_o in_o good_a esteem_n some_o other_o way_n for_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n in_o divers_a town_n corporate_a be_v call_v bailiff_n as_o in_o ipswich_n yarmouth_n colchester_n and_o such_o like_a and_o again_o there_o be_v certain_a to_o who_o the_o king_n castle_n be_v commit_v which_o call_v be_v bailiff_n as_o the_o bailiff_n of_o dover_n castle_n these_o ordinary_a bailiff_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n bailiff_n errant_a &_o bailiff_n of_o franchise_n bailiff_n errant_a ballivi_n itinerante_v be_v those_o which_o the_o sheriff_n make_v and_o appoint_v to_o go_v hither_o &_o thither_o in_o the_o county_n to_o serve_v writ_n to_o summon_v the_o county_n session_n assize_n &_o such_o like_a bailiff_n of_o franchise_n ballivi_fw-la franchesiarun_n aut_fw-la libertatum_fw-la be_v those_o that_o be_v appoint_v by_o every_o lord_n within_o his_o liberty_n to_o do_v such_o office_n within_o his_o precinct_n as_o the_o bailiff_n errant_a do_v at_o large_a in_o the_o county_n of_o these_o read_n s._n thomas_n smith_n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi anglo_n lib._n 2._o c._n 16._o there_o be_v also_o bailiff_n of_o the_o forest_n manwood_n par_fw-fr 1._o pa._n 113._o there_o be_v likewise_o bailiff_n of_o husbandry_n belong_v to_o private_a man_n of_o great_a substance_n who_o seem_v to_o be_v so_o call_v because_o they_o dispose_v of_o the_o under_o servant_n every_o man_n to_o his_o labour_n and_o task_n check_v they_o for_o misdo_v their_o business_n gather_v the_o profit_n to_o their_o lord_n and_o master_n and_o deliver_v a_o account_n for_o the_o same_o at_o the_o year_n end_n or_o otherwise_o as_o it_o shall_v be_v call_v for_o the_o word_n bailiff_n or_o ballivus_n be_v by_o rebuffus_n derive_v from_o baal_n i._o dominus_fw-la quia_fw-la ballivi_fw-la dominantur_fw-la suis_fw-la subditis_fw-la quasi_fw-la eorum_fw-la magistri_fw-la &_o domini_fw-la rebuf_fw-fr in_o constit_fw-la regias_fw-la de_fw-fr senten_a excutionis_fw-la art_n 7._o glos_fw-la 1._o the_o office_n or_o duty_n of_o a_o bailiff_n of_o a_o manor_n or_o household_n which_o in_o ancient_a time_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v all_o one_o fleta_n well_o describe_v li._n 2._o ca._n 72._o &_o 73._o this_o word_n be_v also_o use_v in_o the_o canon_n law_n ca._n dilecto_fw-la de_fw-fr sentent_fw-fr excom_n in_o sexto_fw-la etc._n etc._n 1._o de_fw-la paenis_fw-la in_o clement_n where_o the_o glossographer_n say_v it_o be_v a_o french_a word_n signify_v as_o much_o as_o praepositus_fw-la and_o balia_n or_o bativatus_n be_v use_v among_o our_o late_a interpreter_n of_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n for_o provincia_n as_o balliva_n here_o in_o england_n be_v use_v for_o a_o county_n or_o shire_n balker_n see_v conder_n ballivo_fw-la amovendo_fw-la be_v a_o writ_n to_o remove_v a_o bailiff_n out_o of_o his_o office_n for_o want_v of_o sufficient_a live_n within_o his_o bayliwick_n reg._n or_o foe_fw-mi 78._o bane_n seem_v to_o signify_v the_o destruction_n or_o overthrow_n of_o any_o thing_n bract._n l._n 2._o tract_n 8._o ca._n 1._o nu_fw-la 1._o as_o he_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o another_o man_n drown_v be_v say_v there_o to_o be_v labane_n i_o malefactor_n in_o that_o bracton_n in_o the_o place_n aforesaid_a prefix_v a_o french_a article_n to_o this_o word_n it_o shall_v seem_v by_o his_o opinion_n that_o the_o word_n be_v french_a but_o i_o find_v it_o not_o in_o any_o french_a writer_n that_o ever_o i_o read_v baneret_n banerettus_fw-la in_fw-la m._n skin_n opinion_n seem_v to_o be_v compound_v of_o banner_n and_o rent_n who_o read_v more_o at_o large_a of_o this_o verbo_fw-la baneret_n de_fw-fr verbo_fw-la sign_n but_o our_o m._n camden_n rather_o draw_v the_o word_n from_o the_o german_a bannerheire_n britan._n pag._n 109._o in_o meo_fw-la libro_fw-la s._n thomas_n smith_n the_o republ_n angl._n li._n c._n 18._o say_v that_o baneret_n be_v a_o knight_n make_v in_o the_o field_n with_o the_o ceremony_n of_o cut_v off_o the_o point_n of_o his_o standard_n and_o make_v it_o as_o it_o be_v a_o banner_n and_o they_o be_v being_n basilius_n chelor_n be_v now_o of_o great_a degree_n allow_v to_o display_v their_o arm_n in_o a_o banner_n in_o the_o king_n army_n as_o baron_n do_v m._n camden_n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la have_v these_o word_n of_o this_o matter_n baneretti_fw-mi cum_fw-la vasullorum_fw-la nomen_fw-la jam_fw-la desierat_fw-la à_fw-la baronibus_fw-la secundi_fw-la erant_fw-la quibus_fw-la inditum_fw-la nomen_fw-la à_fw-la vexillo_fw-la concessum_fw-la illis_fw-la erat_fw-la miliaris_fw-la virtutis_fw-la ergo_fw-la quadrato_fw-la vexillo_fw-la perinde_v ac_fw-la barones_n uti_fw-la unde_fw-la &_o equites_fw-la vexillarii_fw-la à_fw-la nonulllis_fw-la vocantur_fw-la etc._n etc._n of_o create_v a_o knight_n baneret_fw-la you_o may_v read_v far_o in_o m._n segar_n norrey_n his_o book_n lib._n 2._o c._n 10._o that_o they_o be_v next_o to_o baron_n in_o dignity_n it_o appear_v by_o the_o statute_n anno_fw-la 14_o r._n
restraint_n for_o the_o law_n hold_v this_o not_o good_a but_o rather_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v constrain_v break_v in_o his_o abridgement_n join_v dure_v and_o manasse_n together_o i._o duritiam_fw-la &_o minas_fw-la hardness_n and_o threaten_v see_v the_o new_a book_n of_o entry_n verbo_fw-la dure_v and_o the_o new_a term_n of_o law_n ea_z ealdermans_n aldermannus_n among_o the_o saxon_n be_v as_o much_o as_o earl_n among_o the_o dane_n cambden_n britan._n pag._n 107._o if_o you_o go_v to_o the_o true_a etymology_n of_o the_o word_n i_o thinkoth_v it_o shall_v sound_v more_o general_o so_o much_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o the_o grecian_n or_o senator_n with_o the_o roman_n who_o be_v rather_o counsellor_n at_o large_a than_o bestow_v upon_o any_o particular_a office_n as_o comites_fw-la be_v see_v count_n ie_fw-fr and_o that_o signification_n we_o retain_v at_o this_o day_n almost_o in_o all_o our_o city_n and_o borough_n call_v those_o alderman_n that_o be_v associate_n to_o the_o chief_a officer_n in_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o town_n anno_fw-la 24_o h._n 8._o cap._n 13._o or_o sometime_o the_o chief_a officer_n himself_o as_o in_o stawnford_n earl_n comes_n in_o m._n cambdens_n opinion_n pag._n 107._o be_v a_o word_n make_v by_o the_o dane_n of_o ealderman_n a_o word_n of_o the_o saxon_n m._n lamberd_v seem_v notwithstanding_o to_o acknowledge_v that_o earl_n be_v original_o a_o saxon_a word_n explica_fw-la of_o saxon_a word_n verbo_fw-la paganus_fw-la and_o interprete_v it_o satrapam_n which_o word_n the_o roman_n borrow_v of_o the_o persian_n apply_v to_o those_o that_o be_v praefecti_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la m._n verstegan_n in_o his_o restitution_n of_o decay_a intelligence_n derive_v it_o from_o two_o netherlands_n word_n ear_n i._o honour_n and_o ethel_n i._o nobilis_fw-la wherein_o i_o leave_v the_o reader_n to_o his_o own_o judgement_n this_o title_n in_o ancient_a time_n be_v give_v to_o those_o that_o be_v associate_n to_o the_o king_n in_o his_o counsel_n and_o marshal_n action_n as_o comes_n be_v to_o those_o that_o follow_v the_o magistrate_n in_o rome_n and_o execute_v their_o office_n for_o they_o as_o their_o deputy_n and_o die_v always_o with_o the_o man_n zasius_n have_v of_o this_o word_n thus_o much_o comitum_fw-la originem_fw-la in_o doctoribus_fw-la non_fw-la invenimus_fw-la sed_fw-la noveris_fw-la eam_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la vetustissimam_fw-la esse_fw-la nam_fw-la cor._n tacitus_n in_o libello_fw-la de_fw-fr germania_n scribit_fw-la apud_fw-la priscos_fw-la usu_fw-la fuisse_fw-la receptum_fw-la ut_fw-la cuilibet_fw-la principi_fw-la seu_fw-la duci_fw-la exercitus_fw-la duodecim_fw-la comites_fw-la assignarentur_fw-la ideo_fw-la dictos_fw-la quia_fw-la comitarentur_fw-la eos_fw-la &_o à_fw-la ducum_fw-la latere_fw-la non_fw-la decederent_fw-la comitatum_fw-la it_o aque_fw-la originem_fw-la germanis_fw-la moribus_fw-la or_o tum_fw-la esse_fw-la dictus_fw-la receptissimus_fw-la author_n testis_fw-la est_fw-la quapropter_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o duodecimo_fw-la libro_fw-la codicis_fw-la aliqui_fw-la tituli_fw-la de_fw-la comitibus_fw-la largitionum_fw-la etc._n etc._n inscribuntur_fw-la usurpationem_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la ex_fw-la germanorum_n ritibus_fw-la sumptum_fw-la credo_fw-la but_o the_o conqueror_n as_o m._n cambden_n say_v give_v this_o dignity_n in_o fee_n to_o his_o noble_n annex_v it_o to_o this_o or_o that_o county_n or_o province_n and_o allot_v they_o for_o their_o maintenance_n a_o certain_a proportion_n of_o money_n rise_v from_o the_o prince_n profit_n for_o the_o plead_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o province_n for_o example_n he_o bring_v a_o ancient_a record_n in_o these_o word_n henricus_fw-la 2._o rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la he_o verbis_fw-la comitem_fw-la creavit_fw-la sciatis_fw-la nos_fw-la fecisse_fw-la huguenot_n bigot_n comitem_fw-la de_fw-fr nortfolk_n sc_fw-la de_fw-fr tertio_fw-la denario_fw-la de_fw-la norwic._n &_o nortfolk_n sicut_fw-la aliquis_fw-la comes_fw-la angliae_fw-la libertus_fw-la com●tatum_fw-la suum_fw-la tenet_fw-la which_o word_n say_v the_o same_o author_n a_o old_a book_n of_o battle_n abbey_n thus_o expound_v consuetudinaliter_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la mos_fw-la antiquitùs_fw-la inoleverat_fw-la comites_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la tertium_fw-la denarium_fw-la sibi_fw-la obtinere_fw-la inde_fw-la comites_fw-la dicti_fw-la and_o another_o book_n without_o name_n more_o full_o comitatus_fw-la à_fw-la comite_fw-la dicitu●_n aut_fw-la vice_fw-la versa_fw-la comes_fw-la autem_fw-la est_fw-la quia_fw-la tertiam_fw-la portionem_fw-la corum_fw-la quae_fw-la de_fw-la placitis_fw-la proveniunt_fw-la in_fw-la quolib●t_fw-la comitatu_fw-la percipit●_n sed_fw-la non_fw-la omnes_fw-la comites_fw-la ista_fw-la percipiunt_fw-la sed_fw-la bit_n quibus_fw-la rex_fw-la baereditariò_fw-la aut_fw-la personaliter_fw-la concessit_fw-la you_o may_v read_v m._n fern_n in_o lacy_n nobility_n something_o to_o his_o effect_n pag._n 12._o but_o he_o say_v that_o one_o duke_n or_o earl_n have_v divers_a shire_n under_o his_o government_n as_o a_o viceroy_n and_o have_v lieutenant_n under_o he_o in_o every_o particular_a shire_n call_v a_o sheriff_n that_o one_o earl_n be_v dignify_v by_o the_o appellation_n of_o more_o than_o one_o sheriff_n it_o appear_v by_o divers_a of_o our_o ancient_a statute_n as_o namely_o by_o the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n pronounce_v by_o the_o bishop_n against_o the_o infringer_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n and_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n anno_fw-la 38_o h._n 3._o roger_n bigot_n be_v name_v earl_n both_o of_o northfolk_n and_o southfolk_n and_o anno_fw-la 1_o ed._n 3._o thomas_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n and_o leycester_n humphrey_n bohun_n earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o essex_n dyer_n fol._n 285._o num_fw-la 39_o at_o these_o day_n as_o long_o since_o the_o king_n of_o england_n make_v eearl_n by_o their_o charter_n of_o this_o or_o that_o county_n give_v they_o no_o authority_n over_o the_o county_n nor_o any_o part_n of_o the_o profit_n rise_v of_o it_o but_o only_o some_o annual_a stipend_n out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n rather_o for_o honour_n sake_n than_o any_o great_a commodity_n and_o these_o be_v in_o other_o nation_n account_v earl_n improper_o quià_fw-la illi_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la verè_fw-la comites_fw-la quibus_fw-la datur_fw-la comitatus_fw-la in_o feudum_fw-la illi_fw-la comites_fw-la abusiuè_fw-la qui_fw-la non_fw-la habent_fw-la administrationem_fw-la vincentius_n de_fw-fr franchis_n descis_fw-la 115._o num_fw-la 7._o the_o manner_n of_o create_v earl_n be_v by_o gird_v they_o with_o a_o sword_n camden_n pag._n 107._o but_o see_v the_o solemnity_n thereof_o describe_v more_o at_o large_a in_o stow_n annal_n pag._n 1121._o the_o occasion_n why_o these_o earl_n in_o latter_a time_n have_v have_v no_o sway_n over_o the_o county_n whereof_o they_o bear_v their_o name_n be_v not_o obscure_o signify_v in_o sir_n tho._n smith_n l._n 2._o cap._n 14._o where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o sheriff_n be_v call_v vicecome_v as_o vicarius_fw-la comi●is_fw-la follow_v all_o matter_n of_o justice_n as_o the_o earl_n shall_v do_v and_o that_o because_o the_o earl_n be_v most_o continual_o attendant_a upon_o the_o king_n in_o his_o war_n or_o otherwise_o so_o that_o it_o seem_v that_o earl_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o high_a employment_n be_v not_o able_a to_o follow_v also_o the_o business_n of_o the_o county_n be_v deliver_v of_o all_o that_o burden_n and_o only_o enjoy_v the_o honour_n as_o now_o they_o do_v and_o the_o sheriff_n though_o he_o be_v still_o call_v vicecomes_a yet_o all_o he_o do_v be_v immediate_o under_o the_o king_n and_o not_o under_o the_o earl_n see_v county_n and_o see_v hotoman_n de_fw-fr verb._n feudal_n verb._n come_v and_o cassan_n de_fw-fr consuetud_fw-la burg._n pag._n 12._o easement_n esamentum_fw-la be_v a_o service_n that_o one_o neighbour_n have_v of_o another_o by_o charter_n or_o prescription_n without_o profit_n as_o a_o way_n through_o his_o ground_n a_o sink_n or_o such_o like_a kitchen_n fol._n 105._o which_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v call_v servitus_fw-la praedii_fw-la i_fw-mi eel_n fare_v alias_o eel_n vare_fw-la anno_fw-la 25_o h._n 8._o be_v the_o fry_n or_o brood_n of_o eel_n eglantine_n egyptian_n aegyptiani_n be_v in_o our_o statute_n and_o law_n of_o england_n a_o counterfeit_a kind_n of_o rogue_n that_o be_v english_a or_o welsh_a people_n accompany_v themselves_o together_o disguise_v themselves_o instrange_v robe_n black_n their_o face_n and_o body_n and_o frame_v to_o themselves_o a_o unknown_a language_n wander_v up_o and_o down_o and_o under_o pretence_n of_o tell_v of_o fortune_n cure_v disease_n and_o such_o like_a abuse_v the_o ignorant_a common_a people_n by_o steal_v all_o that_o be_v not_o too_o hot_a or_o too_o heavy_a for_o their_o carriage_n anno_o 1._o &_o 2_o philip._n &_o mar._n cap._n 4._o anno_fw-la 5_o eli._n cap._n 20._o these_o be_v very_o like_a to_o those_o who_o the_o italian_n call_v cingari_n of_o who_o franciscus_n leo_n in_o svo_fw-la thesauro_fw-la fori_fw-la ecclesiastici_fw-la parte_fw-la prim_fw-la cap._n 13._o thus_o write_v cingari_n qui_fw-la corrupto_fw-la vocabulo_fw-la quandoque_fw-la etiam_fw-la saraceni_n nominantur_fw-la &_o permissione_n principum_fw-la ac_fw-la aliorum_fw-la dominorum_fw-la per_fw-la italium_fw-la vagantur_fw-la nec_fw-la unquam_fw-la