Miraculous a Preservation of His Majesties Person deserves for a perpetual Thankfulness to God Almighty to be specially recorded to Posterity So doth the Memorial of Gods most evident Judgments upon the Scottish Nation after their unhappy defection from the obedience which they did owe to His Royal Father their Native King levying divers Armies solemnly Covenanting with His English Subjects against him and the Establisht Government and lastly selling Him for Money when for his Safe-guard and Protection he became necessitated to fly from the fury of these and to put himself into their Hands For 't is not unknown that they did twice Raise their Covenanting Brethren in that Realm to invade this in an Hostile manner and after much spoil and Rapine made in this no less than Three of their Armies being utterly destroy'd the first at Preston in Lancashire the Second at Dunbar in Scotland and the last at Worcester the flower of their Youth and most Eminent for Chivalry were either slain in open Battail Famisht and wasted by most cruel and merciless usage in Prison or Barbarously sold to Forreign Plantations there to be Enslav'd with perpetual Servitude CHAP. XXXV BUT to go on with my Story Certain it is that this fatal blow at Worcester did not only much deject all true hearted and Loyal Persons but seem'd so firmly to establish this Barbarous Generation in their Tyrannous sway that nothing but a Miracle was ever like to alter the Scene Therefore the more to perpetuate their future oppressive Dominion their next business was to lessen and opress the Nobility and to Flatter the Commonalty into a Slavish subjection to their Usurped and Rigorous power To which end they shortly after passed Two Acts in their Grand Convention at Westminster called the Parliament the one relating to the Nobility which was to make void all Titles of Honour Dignities or Precedencies given by the late King The other a General Pardon in reference to the People for the first moving and at length obtaining whereof Cromwel himself was known to be the sole Instrument All being therefore now in their Power and no visible Enemy to disturb their quiet though at the beginning of their Rebellion Anno 1642. they highly complemented the Dutch desiring that the King might have no manner of Supplies from them in respect of the near Relation that was betwixt that Model into which they themselves then aimed to cast this Government and the State of their Provinces and for that reason expected not only their assistance but a Loan of Money from them upon the Publick Faith as in the Twelfth Chapter of this Work may more fully appear The case was now altered For looking upon themselves after all this wonderful success as Mighty Potentates in their New Common-wealth and Free-State they imployed Oliver St. Iohn the Chief Justice of their Court of Common Pleas commonly called Cromwel's Dark-Lanthorn as Embassador into the Netherlands not only to make a firm alliance with the Dutch from the similitude of their Governments against all Soveraign Monarchs and Princes but to weaken the Interest of the Prince of Orange with them who had Married the King's Daughter Which curteous overture being not at all relisht was taken in great disdain by our Grandees here But the Hogen Mogens on the other side being the Elder Common-wealth strong in Shipping and expecting to make themselves absolute Lords of the Worlds Commerce were resolved not to stoop by yielding them the Flag or the old duty of Herring-Fishing These differences therefore occasion'd a War at Sea with them which began in the Downes this year on the Nineteenth of Iune and was again renewed the Sixteenth of August Westwards of the Isle of Wight in both which the Dutch had the worst Sir George Ascue then commanding the English Fleet. So likewise on the Twenty eighth of October following Blake being then Vice-Admiral But upon another Fight with them in the Downes on the Twenty ninth of November ensuing Blake received a great defeat which did not end the dispute for on the Eighteenth of February not far from Portland they had another sharp fight in which both sides received no small loss As also at Legorne about the beginning of March in which the English were worsted ¶ Leaving therefore the farther Prosecution of these Sea Fights till the next year I find that at home they better to secure themselves against the Royallists the passed a Third Act in their Parliament for disabling of Delinquents by which name the Royallists were call'd to bear any Office of Trust or Power in the Common-wealth or to have any Voice or Vote in Election of any Publick Officer The King's Authority and Friends being thus absolutely supprest and Cromwel at every turn the chief Agent therein not only in those his bold adventures against the scots but in many other both here and in Ireland as though Victory had been entailed upon his Sword the time was now come that he thought fit to act his own part more nearly yet still under colour of solely minding the Publick As he had therefore made the Souldiery instrumental for the ruine of the King by the influence of his inferior Officers call'd Adjutators so now did he again set those active Engines on work for the utter confusion of that Impious Iuncto called the Parliament Which Adjutators being readily inclinable to any thing of change objected to the Iuncto that they had not approved themselves such worthy Patriots as they expected but had sought themselves and their own peculiar profit And therefore as good Common-wealths-men and Friends to the Publick required that they should suddenly prefix a Period to their Sitting to the end that the Godly Party and good People of the Nation might thereupon make choise of a more equal Representative for the rectifying and amendment of what was still out of order But notwithstanding this fair pretence the aim of the Souldiers was by outing those old Saints to reduce the whole sway of all under the power of themselves which made them so earnest and forward in the work being fed with those hopes through the insinuation of Cromwel The Iuncto therefore foreseeing this danger for preventing thereof were neither slack nor unactive endeavouring first to break the Army by Disbanding and in the next place to spoil their design by delays Nevertheless with much zeal seem'd earnest to retire affirming that they then were in contrivance for a new Representative to succeed them All which availed nothing there being no halting before an Old Cripple for Cromwel was not ignorant of what they aimed at being well assured that if he let them alone his design would be Cross'd and therefore determin'd without more ado to turn them out of Doors To which end having well seasoned the Souldiery for his purpose and for the better engratiating himself therewith taken the Officers into his Council he resolv'd as 't was usual with him
nineteenth of December giving a Commission for their Adjournment till the eighth of February following the house of Commons made a Protestation wherein they declared for sundry Priviledges of which his Majesty in a Speech at the Council-Table upon the thirtieth of that month took notice that it was unduly gained late at night when not a third part of the House was present and penned in such ambiguous and general words as might serve for future times to invade most of the Rights and Prerogatives annexed to the Imperial Crown And discerning that some Parliament men who had a great influence upon the House rather hinder'd that good progress which he expected they would have made towards the recovery of the Palatinate then further'd the giving of money in order thereto did by unanimous consent of his whole Council dissolve that Parliament by Proclamation upon the sixth of Ianuary following And seeing his hopes of raising moneys by Parliament to be thus frustrate they first endeavoured the restitution of the Palatinate by all good means of Treaty both with the Emperour and King of Spain Which not succeeding he caused Letters to be written by the Lords of the Council to the Justices of the Courts at Westminster and likewise to the Sheriffs of the several Counties and Justices of Peace throughout England as also to the Mayors and Bayliffs of Towns-Corporate to raise moneys by a Benevolent contribution for recovery thereof by force yet still pursued the Spanish match in hope to gain it thereby But after many subtile delays made by the Spaniard that match being not like to take effect His Majesty sent the Lord Kensington into France to try whether a match might there speed which was well accepted Whereupon the King call'd another Parliament which began 19 Febr. 1623. At which time he acquainted them with the ill success of that dilatory Treaty in order to the match with Spain and desired their advice on the behalf of his Son the Count-Palatine and his Children In answer to which they signified that the said Treaty both for the Marriage and the Palatinate could not longer be continued with the honour of his Majesty the safety of his People welfare of his Children and Posterity and assurance of his antient Allies and Confederates Whereunto the King replyed that he should be loath without necessity to imbroil himself in war And manifesting to them his wants for the support of a war desired their advice offering that in case he took a resolution by such their advice to enter into a war they themselves by their own Deputies should have the disposal of the moneys Hereupon the Parliament tendred three Subsidies and three Fifteens to break off both the Treaties viz. that of the match with Spain and that concerning the Palatinate desiring his Majesty that he would be confidently assured they would never fail in a Parliamentary-way to assist him in so royal a design But the King esteeming that too little demanded five Subsidies and two Fifteeens for every Subsidy towards the support of that war and one Subsidy and two Fifteens yearly till his debts were pay'd Nevertheless told them that he would be content to quit that demand for his own debts in case they gave six Subsidies and twelve Fifteens for the war declaring his resolution to dissolve the Treaties whereupon Bonefires were made in London and the Bells rang for joy And farther told them that he did assure himself they would make good what they had said and that what they had advised him unto they would assist him in with their Wisdom and Council as also with Forces if need required Shortly after which Count Mansfeild arriving in England twelve thousand Foot with two hundred Horse were raised to go under his Command for recovery of the Palatinate and in August following the match with France was concluded But this hopeful Army under Count Mansfeild consisting of twelve Regiments was by tedious stay on Ship-board so infected with the Pestilence that scarce a third part thereof came safe to Land a third part likewise mouldring away so that the design came to nothing And upon the seven and twentieth of March following King Iames departed this life Unto whom King Charles the first succeeded who resolving to pursue the recovery of the Palatinate upon the grounds of those great promises so made by the Parliament to his Father did in the beginning of May next ensuing issue out Warrants for the levying of Souldiers to be imploy'd in that Expedition whereof eight thousand to rendezvouz at Plymouth one thousand at Hull to be transported into the Netherlands for the service of the United Provinces and two thousand returned thence for his Majesties present service And having marryed a Daughter of France who arrived at London upon the sixteenth of Iune he began his Parliament at Westminster within two days following Where in his Speech to both Houses he put them in mind how they had engaged his Father in the war for the Palatinate earnestly pressing their speedy assistance And the Lord Keeper added that the principal cause of calling that Parliament besides the beholding his Subjects faces was to mind them of the great Engagement for the recovery of the Palatinate imposed on his Majesty by the King his Father and by themselves who thereupon brake off the two Treaties with Spain as also to let them understand that the Subsidies granted by the preceding Parliament with much more of the King 's own Revenue were already spent in the following Treaties and Alliances upon the Armies sent into the Low-Countries and in repairing of the Forts with the Fortifying of Ireland all which did meet in one center the Palatinate whereof the Account was ready Hereupon the Houses presenting the King with two Subsidies the Lord Conway then one of the Secretaries of State signified his Majesties gracious acceptance thereof yet told them that the necessity of the present affairs were not therein satisfied and therefore required their farther Councils Reminding them that the late King was provoked beyond his nature to undertake a war for recovery of his Childrens antient Patrimony the charges whereof did appear by computation to amount unto seven hundred thousand Pounds a year viz. in supporting the Netherlands in preventing the Emperour's design of concluding with the Princes of Germany for utter excluding the Palsgrave and levying an Army under Count Mansfeild Farther representing to them that the Kings of Denmark and Sweden and Princes of Germany had levyed another That France Savoy and Venice joyn'd together for a war of diversion and that to uphold the Netherlands the charges of Mansfeild's and Denmark's Army must yet continue But the Plague increasing sore in London occasion'd some delay in their Proceedings by an Adjournment to Oxford at which place they met the first of August following Where on the fourth of that month his Majesty in a
Iohn Lisle Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal Henry Lawrence Lord President of his Privy-Council Charles Fleetwood his Son in Law Robert Earl of Warwick Edmund Earl of Mulgrave Edward Earl of Manchester William Viscount Say and Sele Iohn Cleypole his other Son in Law and Master of his Horse Philip Lord Lisle eldest Son to the Earl of Leicester Charles Howard of Waworth Castle Philip Lord Wharton Thomas Lord Fauconbridg Iohn Desborough Edw. Montagu Admirals 〈◊〉 Sea George Lord Eure. Bulstrod Whitlock Sir Gilbert Pickering Kt. Collonel William Sydenham Sir Charles Wolfesley Baronet Major General Skippon Strickland Collonel Philip Iones Richard Hampden Sir William Strickland Francis Rous Esq Iohn Fiennes Esq Sir Francis Russell Baronet Sir Thomas Honywood Kt. Sir Arthur Haselrigg Baronet Sir Iohn Hobart Sir Richard Onslow Kt. Sir Gilbert Gerard. Sir William Roberts Kt. Iohn Glyn his Chief Justice of the Upper-Bench Oliver St. Iohn his Chief Justice of the common-Common-Pleas William Pierpont Esq Iohn Iones Esq Iohn Crew Esq Alexander Popham Esq Sir Christoph. Pack Alderman Sir Rob. Tichburne Alderman Made Kts. by Cromwel Edward Whalley one of his Major Generals Sir 〈…〉 but 〈◊〉 sold Thimbles and Bodkins Sir George Fleetwood another of his Knights Sir Thomas Pryde another of his Knights formerly a Dray-man Collonel Richard Ingoldesby Sir Iohn Heuson another of his Knights formerly a Cobler Iames Berrey one of his Major Generals formerly Clerk to a Forge Collonel William Goffe Thomas Cooper Edmund Thomas George Monke then Commander in Chief of his Forces in Scotland David Earl of Cassils in Scotland Sir William Lockart another of his Knights Sir Archib Iohnston a Scotchman William Steele his Lord Chancelour of Ireland The Lord Broghil Brother to the Earl of Corke in Ireland Sir Matthew Tomlinson another of his Knights The Sitting of which House began upon the twentieth of Ianuary at which time likewise those of the Commons who had formerly declined to sign the Recognition were freely admitted But so much were those new Lords despised and scorned by the Honse of Commons that the Protector finding no advantage by their Sitting Dissolved that his Second Parliament Which was not more slow in complying with his advancement than the Royallists were forward in their contrivances for pulling him down But so great was his vigilancy and no less his cost whereby he had allured some Birds of that Feather that the Consultations of his Adversaries were no sooner had than apparently discovered so that when ever he pleased he could take them in his Net as he always did when he thought that examples of severity might be for his advantage It being therefore once more expedient to renew those terrors to the people he caused his bloody Theatre called the high-High-Court of Iustice to be again erected in Westminster-Hall where for the more formalities sake the persons whom he did design for destruction were brought the one Dr. Iohn Heuit a Reverend Divine the other Sir Henry Slingsby Kt. a Yorkshire Gentleman of great Loyalty and Valour who being charged with High Treason against his Protectorship and stoutly denying the Authority of that Tribunal had Sentence of death soon passed upon them which they did accordingly suffer with great magnanimity though there was no little endeavour used for to save their lives his Daughter Claypole whose interest otherwise with him was beyond expression solliciting for the Doctor with all earnestness that could be But it concerning him at that time so much in point of Policy to sacrifice some for a terror to others neither her incessant Supplication nor Tears could prevail which brought upon her such excessive grief of mind that falling into a sharp fit of sickness wherein crying out against him for Dr. Heuits blood she dyed with the most bitter torments imaginable Which death of hers was the fore-runner to that of this wicked Tyrant for soon after a deep Melancholy seized closely upon him in which the guilt of so much innocent blood as he had spilt might perhaps somewhat touch him But without doubt that which stuck nearest to him was his real consideration that he could never ascend unto such an height of Sovereignty as his ambitious desires had long gaped after For he plainly saw that the Anabaptists and Fifth-Monarchy men whom in order to the destruction of his lawful Sovereign he had so much cherisht then were and were ever like to be as thorns in his sides and blocks in his way thereto And which is more that not only Fleetwood his Son in Law whom privately he had designed to be his Successor in the Government was an especial friend and favourer of those desperate Fanatics but that Desborough Sir Gilbert Pickering Collonel Sydenham and many other of his Council were underhand well-wishers to Lambert and his party who were known enemies to all Monarchick Rule and consequently to that wherein he had so long aimed to be setled Which sorrows and perplexities of his restless mind meeting with some Natural infirmities of his Body struck him into a sharp and Feaverish distemper whereat his Physicians expressing their thoughts he told them that if they supposed him in a dying condition they were utterly mistaken forasmuch as he had been comforted with Revelations to the contrary Nay he was farther so transported with those vain Enthusiasms and had such brain-sick persons about him even those of his Chaplains who were equally possest with such giddy-headed conceipts that they foolishly dreamed and fancyed as much and told it in publick that having sought God by Prayer for the prolongation of his life they received such assurances of his grant to their Petitions that they not only gave out that he effectually recovered but kept a solemn Thanksgiving for the same at Hampton-Court where he then lay Which strange and bold confidence caused forthwith his removal from thence to White-Hall where he had not been from that time many days but his Physician allarm'd them with his near approaching death Which so awakened the best of his Friends that they soon fell to enquiry whom he intended for his Successor But so little sense had he then of that question that he made them an answer no whit to the purpose Whereupon they askt him whether it was not his Son Richard to which he made them some signs of assent But farther enquiring of his last Will and Testament whereby they presumed that he had nominated his Successor he directed them to his Closet and other places for search but all to no purpose for nothing could be found In which discomposure departing this life upon the third of September to the end that the Government might not fall to the ground some few of the Council giving out that Richard was according to the Instrument the Person declared they immediately caused him to be Proclaimed Protector Having thus traced this Monster to his death which happened on the same day of the month whereon he had been twice wonderfully victorious
received their Orders from the Sixteen as well concerning the defence of the City and Service of the League as to counterpiose the Kings Designs When there was no hopes of accommodation left with the Leaguers the King began to raise Forces too and summon'd all the Nobility to assist him Wherein he met no where with so much Opposition as from the Turbulent Citizens of Paris where the Preachers and Council of Sixteen never ceased to provoke and incense the People and raise frequent Tumults in the City so as the Magistrates was set light by and trod under foot with danger of an open revolt which those Men desired and endeavoured Nor did it stand with the present condition of the King to chastise the Authors of those Tumults for fear of ministring any occasion to the City of revolting from him Whereupon they Multiplyed their Practises with much boldness which had doubtless arrived at that end which the Leaguers designed but that the fear of the German-Army and the Kings Protestation and Oath for defence of Religion against the Huguenots which he had solemnly taken upon New-years day 1587. did contain them within some bounds of Moderation The King therefore having with great Dexterity and Moderation many times stilled those Reports which had been raised on no grounds being likewise heartily vexed at the Ringleaders of those Tumults but deeply concealing his Passion left the Lord Villaclere to be Governour and the Queen-Mother Regent in Paris and departed thence about the end of Iuly 1587. Thus was that King driven from Paris by the Tumults The House of Lorrein who were the prime Men in the League puft up with the Opinion of their own Power forgot all Moderation and spread their Sailes to vast hopes talked of nothing but utter extirpation of the Huguenots of deposing the King and thrusting him into a Cloyster as they found in Stories that King Chilperick had been served of expelling all Favourites from the Court sharing the great places of the Kingdom amongst themselves and Governing all France as they pleased And so high were they in their own Conceits that their Councils were not bounded either by Justice or Possibility For supposing all things to be now in their own hands they imagined their Merit to be such as they might lawfully undertake and their Power no less as that they might easily perform any the highest and most advantagious atchievement what soever What was this other than as our Men told his Majesty If they should make the highest Precedents of former Parliaments their Patterns it would be no Breach of Modesty To which purpose they caused or suffred those Infamous Stories of King Richard the Second's time to be Published in Print When all their Plots were now ripe and they in readiness for Execution they took the very same course and upon the very same Grounds as our Men did actuate their Designs which was forsooth by an Humble Petition For they agreed that the Duke of Guise and other Lords of the League should not immediately set upon the King with open force But to make a shew as if the nature of the Affairs themselves did carry them on to their Designed end they should present a Petition which should contain manydemands very advantagious to themselves and such as would necessitate the King to declare himself to the full For if he granted their Requests without more ado than they had their end but if he should hold off and be unwilling than he would give them occasion to make use of their Armes and to take that from him by force which he was not willing to part with of his own accord The chief Heads of their Petition presented to the King by the Duke of Guise after many Preambles and Reasons couched together with a great deal of cunning were these viz. That the King would cordially Ioyn with the League for Extirpation of the Huguenots His Majesty join wirh his Parliament for defence of Religion That he would dismiss from his Privy-Council and other places of Trust and Command and from the Court and their several places all such Persons as they should name such as were suspected by them Such as they could not confide in dissaffected to the Catholick Religion That he would grant the Confederates some places of Strength wherein they might place Garrisons for their own security and those to be maintained at the charge of the Crown That an Army should be maintained on the confines of Lorein to hinder any Forreign Invasion and that to be commanded by one of the confederates This the Militia just That he would confiscate and cause to be sold all the Goods of the Huguenots Papists and Prelates and with the price of them defray the Charges of the former War and help to maintain the Leaguers for the future To this Petition which was presented to the King in the beginning of February Anno. 1588. his Majesty was not hasty to return an Answer nor did the Duke of Guise much desire it because the ends of their Demands were only to make the King contemptible and odious to his People as also suspected as a Favourer of Hereticks And in the mean time to give occasion to the League to rise in Arms and Prosecute their Designs while Fortune smiled upon them The Citizens of Paris being led away by their new Council of Sixteen could no longer endure the Kings Government but were full of Scandalous Libels politick Discourses Satirical Verses and feigned Stories wounding the Kings Honour The Preachers likewise after their usual manner but with more freedom speaking against the present State of things filled the Peoples Eares with new strange and miraculous Stories Which poison being derived from the Citty of Paris as from the Heart spread abroad into all other parts of the Kingdom all Counties being possess'd with the like Impressions in favour of the League and disadvantage of the King The Duke of Guise purposing to devive all the Kings Authority upon himself and his Adherents applyed himself mostly to the Parisians being inform'd by the Sixteen that the City was at his Devotion with Twenty Thousand Armed Men under Sixteen Commanders of their several Companies ready for any Imployment But not confiding in those Commanders he thought fit to lessen the number and sent them five Captains to regulate and Command the Popular Arms viz. Brissac Boisdaufin Chamois Escaroles and Colonel St. Paul with whom was joined the Lord of Menevil as the prime instrument of the Plot. And though the King in his own Person was a most Rigid Opposer of the Huguenots and none more Zealous in his Religion than himself yet did they defame him to the People as a Favourer of Hereticks yea and to Forrein Princes too Traducing him saith Thuanus who was otherwise a most intestine Enemy to the Protestant cause both in France and with Forrein Princes as if what he did for
occasion'd by the fears of the People without any consent of his That his Intentions were ever most Inclin'd to Loyalty and all due Obedience desiring nothing but that Evil Councillers might be removed and due care taken for the securing of Religion And though says my Author his Actions were for the most part quite contrary to his Professions yet the colour of Religion was so lively and plausible he knowing so well how to demean himself that the People generally believed him still a Loyal Subject to the King and that all he did was only out of Zeal to Religion and an Ardent desire for promoting the publick good of the Kingdom When things were in this State there followed the face of an accommodation betwixt the King and the Leaguers and for the composing of all differences another Parliament was convened at Bloys 16. Oct. 1588. In the Election of Members to assist at it though both parts laboured to have such chosen as were their own dependents yet those of the League prevailed by much above the Kings Party For the Commons being vexed with their pressing Grievances their end being mainly to shake off that Burthen did willingly adhere to the Kings Enemies who promised and professed an earnest desire of easing the People of their unsupportable burthen by Taxes and Contributions In this Parliament all the States took a Solemn Oath or Protestation for defence of Religion with the Kings Person and Authority Which Oath they ordered to be taken by all the Subjects of the Kingdom Notwithstanding all which Obligations whereby the Leaguers bound themselves to abandon their former Practises and to apply themselves to a sincere obedience of the King yet did they not remit any thing of their former Machinations For not only the Duke of Guise aspired to obtain the express Title of Lieutenant General which he could not before accomplish though he had the Power but the rest ceased not to tamper with the States that the Government migt be reformed in such a manner as that the King should have no share left him in it but the bare name and shadow of a Prince the whole Power to be transferred to this Duke and his Dependents of the League Nay the very number of the States which equaliz'd ours in the House of Commons engaging themselves in the Interests of the Faction did contend and squable for the same ends with them without any regard of their so many and Solemn Oaths in evident contempt of the Person Name and Majesty of the King The Commons in this Parliament notwithstanding they had resolv'd upon a War with the Huguenots which must needs be expensive Yet demanded from the King a moderation of Taxes and diminution of new Impositions which like that of Ship-money amounted to two Millions of Crowns yearly as also the Reformation of many Offices erected about the Customes and the total abolishing of some other Grievances They declared the King of Navarr who was next Heir to the Crown incapable of Inheriting and Sollicited the King to make a new Decree upon it unto which they would have him swear as a Fundamental Law After many other Plots and Practises in this Factious Parliament when business was now fully ripe and the Duke of Guise having sufficiently canvassed and prepared the States both in general and particular Grown now secure and bold upon confidence of former Experience he began to bring his Plot upon the Stage of being made Lieutenant-general at the Request and by the Authority of the Parliament which was the last end of his present hopes But those hopes were quickly frustrate by His untimely Death After which his Brother the Duke of Maine took up Arms to Prosecute that design of the League And though the King wrote kind Letters to him yet were they of no force to make him hearken to any Concord For making himself Head of the Holy Union he was by the Parisians declared Lieutenant General of the State and Crown of France with the same authority and power wich is naturally inherent in the King abating only the name which Power was intended to continue until the States-General should think fit to alter it Upon the possession whereof he entred 22. Febr. 1589 Having taken a Solemn Oath to Protect and defend the Catholick Religion against all Persons whatsoever to preserve the Estate belonging to the Crown of France to defend the Priviledges of the three Estates of Parliament the Clergy Nobility and Commons to cause the Laws and Constitutions of the Realm to be observed and the Authority and Power of the Courts of Justice Having done this he chose and setled the Council of the Union like a close Committee consisting of fourty the chief and most eminent Persons of the League to manage all the most Important Affairs with his Assistance leaving still the Government of the City of Paris with the Sixteen And as our Men had their Committies in several Counties which received Directions from and sent Informations to their great Council So did these of the League ordain that there should be six eight twelve or more of them nominated in several places of the Kingdom to propose what was fitting to the Council and having received Directions from them to act accordingly Nor hath scarce any act of Insolence been Commited by our Men in which they might not urge these for an Example What hath been done to Justice Mallet taken off the Bench and Committed to the Tower the like was done in Paris For they in a Tumultuous manner beset the Hall of the Pallace where the Judges than sate seiz'd upon Harle and others whom they deem'd to be well affected to the King and Committed them Prisoners to the Bastile The King upon like Motives as his Majesty Adjourn'd the Term from London to Oxford adjourn'd the Courts of Justice the Parliament of Paris to Towrs that of Roan to Cane that of Dijon to Chalon And that nothing might be wanting in this Rebellion which was in that As our Men took upon them to make a new great Seal ransackt the Kings Pallace at White-hall seiz'd all his Revenues Forts and Magazine into their own hands usurped his Authority and called in a Forreign-Nation the Scots to their Assistance their Parliament Voting it and their Preachers being the Trumpeters of War against the King So our own Camden tells us the Leaguers of France did Populus ubique Magistratibus parere dedignatus Regias aedes Lutetiae diripuit Conjurati novo consilio instituto novo Sigillo ad res administrandas confecto Regiam sibi authoritatem arrogarunt munitissima quaeque loca immo integras Provincias sibi raptarunt Regni redditus interceperunt Auxiliares Hispanos è Belgio evocarunt Parliamentis suffragantibus Ecclesiasticis Bellum in Regem ubique buccinantibus The King after all this being straitned for Money and entertaining no Thoughts but of Peace and Accommodation procured the Popes Legate to Interpose
for that end promising to refer all difference to his Holiness Which when the Legate moved to the Duke of Maine he refused to hearken to it alledging it to be but a shift of the King to gain time in regard he found himself at present unprovided and unarmed All hopes of accommodation therefore fayling the King being persuaded that he had used all means possible on his part and that not without descending far below the honour of his person began to alter his Opinion And to the end he might not be surprized without assistance by the Power of his Enemies the urgency of his necessities constraining him perforce to look about for some Supplies he began to hearken to an accord with the King of Navarre a Professed Protestant Certain it is that in his own Inclination he was ever averse from such an accord his nature being incompatible with all Commerce with the Huguenots But there being an evident necessity that he could not then do otherwise all his Councillers with one voice told him he must needs resolve and side with one Party unless he would stand alone in the midst of his Potent Enemies one on one side the Loyre and the other on the other side having possess'd themselves of all What Moneys what Friends what Armies what Forces had he sufficient to grapple with such Factions at the same time T is clear which way soever he could turn himself he must have one Enemy before his Face and another behind his back His Kingdom also being divided and Forrein Princes likewise divided betwixt two Religions he a new Example should have both averse both Enemies to him would he continue in this distraction without Forces without Moneys While one side Invades one part another side another part of the Regal Authority He is now what he was always affraid of in the midst of two Violent Torrents He did as much as man could do for Peace He forgot his own Honour to be reconcil'd with the Seditious and gave the Rebels and Despisers of his Authority that satisfaction which they little deserved With unheard of Patience he endured all the Injuries of the People the Invectives of their Preachers the Villanous Insolencies of the Factious Commons and the bold Decrees of the Sorbon submitting his Royal Majesty to the inordinate desires of the Reliques of the Guises He did that which never King before him would have endured to have done What could he do more unless to please the Spaniards he would patiently wait without providing any defence till he were miserably torn in Pieces by his Enemies and the like outrages Committed upon his Person as had been already done to his Statua's both in Paris and Tholouse It is more then time therefore that he shew he hath the Heart of a Lyon and making use of the King of Navarr's Assistance de Inimicis suis vind care Inimicos suos to revenge himself of his Enemies by his Enemies this being no new nor unheard of Course His Brother K Charles many times and himself sometimes when Necessities were less pressing had made Peace with the Huguenots Why should he not therefore seek all just means to restrain the Seditious to recover his own Power and now at last to restore Peace and Rest to his Kingdom Upon this then followed several adverse Declarations of the King 's justifying his own Proceedings The like by the Duke of Mayne in behalf of the League After these Instigations of his Councillers the King beginning to incline to an accommodation with the King of Navarr and the Huguenots Though all his followers desired that he should not come to an accord with them yet such was the obstinacy of the Duke of Mayne and the Leaguers and such the State of the Realm by reason of the present Seditions that none of them could blame him though they all abhorr'd it Seeing therefore that of necessity he must take up some resolution and that his Affairs were in danger of utter ruine if he did not he concluded a Truce for one Year with the King of Navarr upon these Conditions 1. That the publick Exercise of the Catholick Religion should be restored in all places under the Command of the Huguenots without Exception 2. That the Clergy should be restored to their Means and the Prisoners which they had in their hands should be set at Liberty 3. That the King of Navarr should be obliged to serve him in Person with four Thousand Foot and twelve Hundred Horse wheresoever he should be Commanded 4. That all Cities Countries and places of his Party should observe all the Laws and Constitutions of the Kingdom obey the Courts of Justice and the Kings Magistrates and receive such Orders as the King had or should hereafter give them On the other side it was agreed that the King of Navarr should have the City of Samur and keep it as a free pass for him upon the River Loyre but be bound to yield it up again at the Kings Pleasure How fully applicable is this to the Cessation made in Ireland by his Majesty Hereupon the King set forth a Declaration against the Duke of Maine and his Adherents who had caused the Cities to revolt and were then up in Arms intimating to them that if they did not return to their Obedience within the space of XV. days and forbear to trouble the Realm by making Levies as also not lay down Arms they should incurr the Crime of Rebellion and all their Goods be Confiscate Like to this was his Majesties Proclamation against the Earl of Essex from York 9. Aug. 1642. Which Writings were attended with Actions sutable as his Majesty did set on foot his Commissions of Array the King granting out Commissions to several Governours in sundry Provinces for making of Levies and drawing the People together in Arms. Nevertheless he still continued his Inclinations to Peace and having excused the Truce which he was necessitated to make with the King of Navarr and promised to persevere constant in the Catholick Religion he intreated the Pope's Nuncio once more to trye the Mind of the Duke of Maine and by conferring with him in Person to labour him to an Accommodation in regard that neither by the Duke of Loreyne's means to whom he had Written nor the Dutchess of Nemurs who had been imploy'd to that purpose he could at all work upon him to lend the least Ear to any Treaty for Peace And to make it evident to the World how desirous he was to be free'd from the necessity of an accord with the Huguenots he delivered to the Cardinal a Paper Written with his own Hand wherein was contained what things he would be content to grant to them of the League Offring to make the Prince of Loreyne Governour of Metz Tul and Uerdun to Marry the Inheritrix of Bullion with the Cities of Games and Sedan to the Count of Vaudemont To the Duke of Mayne he was content to
the People there 46. his Declaration 284. is beheaded 388. Haselring Sir Arthur his Motion in Parliament 465. Hampden Collonel slain 186. Hewson kills some of the Londoners 482. Conference at Hampton-Court 14. Hewit Dr. John beheaded 456. Mr. Hookers Books corrupted by the Presbyterians 38. Hotham Sir John denies the King entrance into Hull 91. He and his Son beheaded 99. Hypocrisie its Fruits 1. I. JAmes King enters into a War for the recovery of the Palatinate 20. his Death 24. Jesuites Tenets 16. Independency its Original 227. Their Tenets 281. 409. Instrument of Government read to Cromwel at his inauguration 414. K. KIneton Battel 108 109. Kentish Men petition the Parliament in behalf of the King 282. L. LAmbert routed at Daventry 487. Lambeth-house beset 62. Laud Arch-bishop beheaded 194. Holy League and Covenant 119. 121. Solemn League and covenant 128. Schismatical Lecturers planted in London and Corporate Towns 36. Buying in Impropriate Tyths for their support ibid. The absurdity and ill effects of their Doctrine 38. 95. 392. 469. 565. Leicester's Earl may to get the Bishops Lands 14. made Deputy of Ireland 71. Representation of the Ministers of Leicester-shire 471. A Loan required by King Charles I. 31. Londoners their forwardness to promote the Rebellion 99. 119. 123. 234. 286. 584. are dejected upon the approach of Fairfax 's Army 252. Iustice Long committed to the Tower 79. Certain seditious Expressions in Mr. Love 's Sermon at Uxbridge 576. M. BAttel at Marston-Moor 189. Five Members of Parliament demanded by the King 81. General Monk advances towards England 481. his Speech to the Rump Parliament 485. voted Lord General 487. his Descent and variable Fortune 488 Secluded Members re-admitted 487. N. NAmes of the secluded Members 363. of those that subscribed a Protestation against a Treaty with the King at the Isle of Wight 365. of the Persons present at the Treaty 289. of the High Court of Iustice for Trial of the King 367. of the Members who assented not to the Bill of Attainder against the Earl of Strafford 583. of Cromwels Council of State 406. of his House of Lords 455. of the Rumpers 467. of the secluded Members ibid. of the Rumper's Council of State 468. of the Committee of Safety 477. Navesby Fight 200. Newbery first Battle 187. second Battle 197. O. OAth for adjuring the King 471. taken by Members of Parliament 485. Order for raising an Army by the Parliament 98. Ordinance for the Militia 89. Ordinance for calling an Assembly of Divines 121. The Self-denying Ordinance 193. 197. Ordinance for Sale of Bishops Lands 225. Ordinance for Trial of the King 366. P. FIrst Parliament of King Charles I. 2◠dissolved 27. Second Parliament called ibid. dissolved 31. Third Parliament called 34. dissolved 35. The short Parliament called and dissolved 61. Long Parliament began 66. dissolved 487. Bill for perpetuating the Parliament 70. Their Declaration concerning the Five Members 83. Their insolent Propositions to the King after their Victory at Marston-Moore 191. Invite the Scots to their assistance 112. Their Oppressions of the People 112. 114. 124. 127. 129. 130. 131. 391. 474. House of Peers abolished 385. 389. Peters Hugh his Revelation 365. Petition of the County of Norfolk 386. of Grievances 66. for putting the Kingdom into a posture of Defence 85. for putting the Militia into the Hands of the Parliament 86. of the poor Tradesmen in London 87. Petitions for a free Parliament suppressed 482. Popish Priest slain on the Parliament side at Edge-hill Fight 564. Presbyterian Tenets 17. 400. Arts and Devices to raise Rebellion 19. Their actings against the Protestant Religion 554. against the Laws of the Land and Liberty of the Subject 577. Their Doctrine and Practise 565. Their violating the Priviledges of Parliament 582. Their averseness to Peace 588. Their practise for reducing the King to necessities 20. 238. Their Protestations and Declarations 206. Presbytery triumphant 193. 203. Plots and Conspiracies pretended by them 69. 76. 81. 90. 121. 129. Whether the Presbyterian or Independant were the chief Actors in the Murder of the King 375. Proposals of the Parliament for bringing in Money and Plate 95 96. Propositions sent to the King at New-Castle 217. Prides Purge 363. Privy Seals 27. 32. Puckering Speaker of the Commons his Speech against the Puritans 13. Puritans their Principles 10. and Discipline 11. petition King James against the Liturgy of the Church of England 14. R. THe Recognition subscribed 429. The Grand Remonstrance 71. presented to the King 78. Captain Rolfe employed by the Parliament to poison the King 285. Rumper's Declaration 466. are excluded by Lambert 477. are re-admitted 483. S. SAlmatius his Opinion touching the Murder of King Charles 377. Scots put themselves in Arms. 54. raise more Forces 58. Their first Invasion 62. Their second Invasion 189. 132. Their third Invasion 380. Their Letter to the Major c. of the City of London 214. Their Answer to the English Commissioners about delivering up the King 230. Their Letter and Declaration to the two Houses of Parliament 258. 271. Great Seal of England altered 370. Service Book sent into Scotland 42. 58. Sheriffs of London refuse to publish His Majesties Proclamation 72. Ship-money required 32. Inland Parts charged therewith 42. Sir Henry Slingsby beheaded 456. Spencer Earl of Northampton slain 118. Earl of Strafford impeached of Treason 67. his Trial and Death 68. Star-Chamber Court suppressed 70. Earl of Sunderland slain 187. T. TReaty in the Isle of Wight 689. Treaty at Rippon 65. removed to Westminster 66. Tumults at Edenburgh by reason of the Service-Book 44. in St. Pauls Cathedral 65. at Westminster 78 79 82. justified by the Parliament 90. V. VAne Sir Henry being sent into Scotland incites them to Rebellion 60. his sinister dealing with the King 61. Virgin of Hereford-shire her Revelation 367. Uxbridge Treaty 194. 291. 737. Votes of no more Addresses to the King 275. W. WAlsingham a favourer of the Sectaries 9. Walton upon Thames the Sermon of a Soldier there 390. Weever an Independent his Motion in the House of Commons 283. Winchester Cathedral defaced Worchester Cathedral defaced 558. Y. YOrk Grand Council of the Peers there 64 A CATALOGUE OF BOOKS Printed at the Theater in Oxford With several others And sold in London by Moses Pitt at the Angel against the Great North-door of St. Pauls-Church 1681. IN FOLIO BIble for Churches with Chronology and an Index The English Atlas Vol 1st containing the description of the North Pole as also Muscovy Poland Sweden and Denmark The second Vol. of the Atlas containing Germany The third Vol. containing the 17 Provinces both in the Press 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 five Pandectae Canonum S. S. Apostolorum Conciliorum ab Ecclesiâ Graecâ receptorum nec non canonicarum S. S. Patrum Epistolarum una cum Scholiis antiquorum singulis annexis Scriptis aliis huc spectantibus quorum plurima è Bibliothecae Bodleianae aliarumque MSS. codicibus nunc primum edita
Esq Thomas Boone Esq * Augustine Garland Esq Augustine Skinner Esq * Iohn Dixwell Esq * Colonel George Fleetwood * Simon Maine Esq * Colonel Iames Temple * Colonel Peter Temple * Daniel Blagrave Esq Sir Petter Temple Bar. * Colonel Thomas Wayte Iohn Brown Esq Iohn Lawry Esq * Iohn Bradshaw Serjeant at Law named President Councillers-Assistants to this Court and to draw up the Charge against the King * Doctor Isaac Dorislaw * Mr. Williams Steele * Mr. Aske * Mr. Cooke Sollicitor * Serjeant Dandy Serjeant at Armes * Mr. Phelps Clerks to the Court * Mr. Broughton Messengers and Door-keepers Mr. Walford Mr. Radley Mr. Paine Mr. Powell Mr. Hull Mr. King the Cryer And that these their Sanguinary proceedings might carry the more shew of Authority upon the Third day following they sent their Serjeant at Armes with his Mace accompanyed by six Trumpets on Horse-back into Westminster-Hall great Guards of Souldiers waiting in the Palace-yards Where in the midst of the Hall after the Trumpets had sounded he made solemn Proclamation on Horse-back that if any man had ought to alledge against Charles Start they should repaire the day following at Two of the Clock After-noon into the Painted Chamber where the Committees to receive the same were to Sit. The like Proclamation he made at the Exchange and other places in London The same day also they Voted that Writs should no longer run in the King's Name and the making of a new Great Seal with the Armes of England and Ireland viz. the Cross and Harpe on the one side and this Circumscription viz. The Great Seal of England On the other side the Figure of the Parliament and the Circumscription In the first year of Freedom by Gods Blessing restored 1648. According to which Proclamation so made in Westminster-Hall the next day following those High Court of Justice-men sate formally in the Painted Chamber to receive Informations from such whom they had then prepared to come in for that purpose For which time for the space of Nine days the Grandees had frequent Meetings to frame and settle the special order and form for executing of that their accursed design And having in the Interim erected a Bloody Theater at the upper end of Westminster-Hall which they call'd The High Court of Iustice they removed His Majesty from Windâ—â—â—â— to St. Iames's near Westmiâ—ster and upon Saturday Ianuary the Twentieth made their entrance in State into Westminster-Hall Bradshaw the President having a Sword and Mace carryed before him and for his Guard Twenty Souldiers with Partizans under the Command of Colonel Fox the Tinker Where after this Prodigious Monster Bradshaw with the rest of that Bloody-pack in all to the number of Seventy two the rest then declining to shew their Faces in so Horrid an Enterprize though most of them afterwards avowed the same were set and that Hellish Act read whereby they were constituted the King's Judges His Majesty was brought to the Bar by Colonel Hacker Guarded with a Company of Halberdeers In whose passage it is not unworthy of note that Hugh Peters one of their wicked Preachers did set on divers of the Souldiers to cry out Iustice Iustice against him and that one of them did then Spit in the King's Face Which being done that insolent Bradshaw stood up and most impudently told the King calling him Charles Stuart that the Commons of England Assembled in Parliament being sensible of the great Calamities brought upon this Nation and of the Innocent Blood shed which was referred to him as the Author according to that duty which they did owe to God the Nation and themselves and according to that Power and Fundamental Trust reposed in them by the People had Constituted that High Court of Iustice before which he was then brought and that he was to hear his Charge upon which the Court would proceed Then Cook their Sollicitor went on and said that he did accuse Charles Stuart there present of High Treason and Misdemeanors and did in the Name of the Commons of England desire that the Charge might be read against him Whereupon they caused their most false and Infamous Charge to be read Which importing that he being admitted King of England and trusted with a limited Power for the good and benefit of the People had Trayterously and Maliciously levyed War against that present Parliament and the People therein represented and caused and procured many Thousands of the Free People of this Nation to be slain Concluding that he did therefore impeach him as a Tyrant Traytor Murtherer and a publick and implacable Enemy to the Common-wealth of England Praying that he might be put to answer the premisses and that such Proceedings Examinations Tryals Sentence and Iudgment might be thereupon had as should be agreeable to Iustice. I shall not stay here to give instance of the particular expressions then made by His Majesty unto those Blood-thirsty men Which were with the greatest Wisdom Gravity and Christian Courage imaginable considering that they already are by some Historians and others so exactly publisht to the World He absolutely denying and renouncing that their usurped Jurisdiction and Authority thus to convent him and stoutly refusing to submit to their power In which he most undauntedly persisted every time he was brought before them with incomparable magnanimity of Spirit On the Second day of their Sitting they held a Fast at White-Hall And on the Third day the Scots Commissioners delivered in certain Papers to them with a Declaration from the Parliament of Scotland importing a dislike of those their Proceedings against His Majesty but nothing regarded After which to the end that these Barbarous Regicides might the better consult touching the manner of his Execution and to perform it with the greater Ignominy they respited his Sentence of Death for Four or Five days But then having fully determined thereon upon Saturday the Twenty Seventh of Ianuary they caused Him to be brought before them again Where after a most insolent Speech made by the same Bradshaw the President His Sentence of Death was read there being then present no less than Seventy two of those His Bloody Murtherers called Judges who stood up and avowed the same the Names of which I have noted with an Asterism in the preceding Catalogue Which being done a Publick Declaration was appointed to be drawn against the Proclaiming of Prince Charles after the removal of his Father out of this Life denouncing it to be High Treason for any one so to do Likewise that no person upon Pain of Imprisonment and such other punishments as should be thought fit might speak or divulge any thing contrary to those their proceedings And upon the Morrow being Sunday some of the Grandees came and tendred to him a Paper Book with promise of Life and some shadow of Regality in case he would Subscribe it which contained many particulars destructive to the Religion establisht to the
in the Margin whereof he had with his own hand Written many Annotations To the Duke of York his large Ring-Sun-Dial of Silver which His Majesty much valued it having been invented and made by Mounsieur De la mine an able Mathematician and who in a little Printed Book hath shewed its excellent use for resolving many Questions in Arithmetick and other rare operations in the Mathematicks to be wrought by it To the Princess Elizabeth his Daughter the Sermons of the most Learned Dr. Andrews sometimes Bishop of Winchester and Arch-bishop Laud's Book against Fisher the Jesuit which he said would ground her against Popery with Mr. Hooker's Ecclesiastical Policy As also a Paper to be Printed in which he asserted Regal Government to have a Divine Right with Proofs out of sundry Authors Civil and Sacred To his Son the Duke of â—aucester King Iames his works and Dr. Hamond's Practical Catechism To the Earl of Lindsey Cassandra To the Dutchess of Richmund his Gold Watch And to Mr. Herbert himselfe the Silver Clock which usually hung by his Bed-side Hereunto it will not seem impertinent I presume to add a Catalogue of the other Books which His Majesty had with him in this His disconsolate condition they being these Dr. Hamond's other Works Villalpandus upon Ezekiel c. Sands his Paraphrase upon King David's Psalmes Herbert's Divine Poems Godfrey of Bulloign Written in Italian by Torquato Tasso and Translated into English Heroick Verse by Mr. Fairfax a Poem which His Majesty much commended as he did Ariosto by Sir Iohn Harrington a Facetious Poet Spenser's Fairy Queen and the like for alleviating his Spirits after serious Studies Nor can I here omit to tell that this excellent Prince with his own hand Translated that Learned Discourse written in Latin by Dr. Saunderson afterwards Bishop of Lincolâ—e de Iuramentis which he caused Mr. Herbert and Mr. Harington to compare with the Original who found it most accurately done Those particulars are such whereof those who have publisht much of his Life and Reign have not taken notice To give a Character of his Eminent virtues I shall not need it being already so well done by Dr. Pireinchief in the short History which he hath publisht of his Life but shall take notice that his delight in Learning was such that he understood Greek Latin French Spanish and Italian Authors in their Original Languages which Three last he spake perfectly no man being better read in Histories of all sorts being able also to Discourse in most Arts and Sciences In one of his Books he wrote this Distich of Claudian Rebus in adversis facile est contemnere vitam Fortiter ille facit qui miser esse potest And out of another Poet against the Levellers and Antimonar chists then predominant Fallitur egregio quisquis sub principe credit Servitium Nunquam libertas gratior extat Quà m sub Rege pio Whereunto I shall add that after Mr. Herbert had much sollicited those who were then in Power that His Royal Corps might be Buryed in King Henry the Seventh's Chapel at Westminster near to the Grave of King Iames which they refused alledging the danger of much concourse to that place out of a superstitious respect they thereupon granted a Warrant to him bearing Date the Sixth of February for the Interring thereof at Windsor Hence it was that Mr. Herbert having often heard His Majesty speak with Great Honour of King Edward the Fourth from whom he was descended he resolved to Bury the Corps in that Vault under the Monument of that King which is betwixt the High Altar and the North Isle and gave order for the opening thereof accordingly but the Duke of Richmond Marquess of Hertsord Earl of Southampton and Earl of Lindsey coming to Windsor to perform their last duty of His Memory in seeing His Royal Corps decently Interred and walking up the Quire where they found by knocking on the Pavement an hollow found they caused the place to be opened it being near to the Seats and opposite to the Eleventh Stall on the Sovereign's side in which were Two Coffins one very large of King Henry the Eighth the other of Queen Iane his Third Wife both covered with Velvet whereupon they concluded to deposit it there It was therefore brought down accordingly out of the King's Lodgings in the upper Ward of the Castle into the Court the Air being then Serene but which is observable before they came to the Door of the Chapel there hapned Snow to fall which covered the Hearse of Black Velvet in which it was carryed that it was all White It being brought to the Grave the Reverend Dr. Iuxon Bishop of London who had been permitted to wait on His Majesty in the time of His Preparation for Death and on the Scaffold was there ready to have performed the Office of Burial as it is prescribed in the Publick Liturgy of the Church but the Governor of the Castle Colonel Whitchcot would not suffer it CHAP. XXXIII HAVING thus finished what I thought proper to be said in reference to His Late Majesty King Charles the First thus destroy'd by these great Pretenders to Godliness as hath been observed I shall now go on with the remainder of this Story until I come to the most happy and Miraculous Restoration of our present Sovereign King Charles the Second whom God long preserve and continually defend from the Infernal Plots and subtile Machinations of this dangerous Brood of Cruel men Proclamation being therefore made in London and afterwards throughout all England forbidding to Proclaim Prince Charles the Members remaining in the House of Commons passed an Act for thenceforth their Edicts were so called that such as had assented to the Vote of December the Fifth viz. that the King's concessions were a ground for the House to proceed to a settlement should not be re-admitted to Sit as Members As also that such as were then in the House and Voted in the Negative should first enter their dissent to the said Vote And that such as were absent should declare their disapproval before they Sate Soon after this they passed an Act for the setting up of another High Court of Justice for the Tryal of Duke Hamilton the Earl of Holand the Earl of Norwich Lord Capel and Sir Iohn Owen Which Court upon the Fifth of February met in the Painted-Chamber and Elected their President It being then also debated in the House of Commons whether they should continue the House of Lords as a Court of Judicatory or Consultatory only And the day following it being put to the Question both were carryed in the Negative and farther Voted that the House of Peers in Parliament was Useless and Dangerous and ought to be abolished and that an Act should be brought in for that purpose as also that the Peers should not be exempted from Arrests but did admit that they should be capable of being Knights and Burgesses in
Vicaridges Donatives and all other Ecclesiastical livings and of all Impropriations and Gleabe-lands then under Sequestration out of which to allow an yearly maintenance for such as should be approved of for the work of the Ministry this act being called An Act for the better propagating and Preaching the Gospel in Wales For it was to extend no farther at present their Resolutions being to go on as they found their success in this Hereupon all the Church-doors in that part of the Realm being soon shut up they imploy'd three or four most Impudent Schismatical Knaves viz. Ienkin Iones Vavasor Powel and David Gam to range about in those Parts as Itinerants there to Preach to the People when where and what they pleased in order to the more firm establishment of their own Tyrannical Dominion The next work was to make sale of the Fee-farm-Rents of the Crown to which end they passed an act Also for the farther enslaving and terrifying of the People they passed another for the establishing an High Court of Iustice by which act Commissioners were named to hear and determine of all Crimes and Offences contrary to the Articles therein contained And having built Three Famous new Pinnaces the better to spread forth and perpetuate the Memorial of some of their Grandees upon the lanching of them which the States went to see they named one of them the Faithful Speaker another the succesful Fairfax and the Third the Bold President and soon after for the surer obliterating of Monarchy they Voted that the Kings Armes in all places should be pull'd down and defaced CHAP. XXXIV ABOUT this time the Scots in whose power it once was to have restored the late King to his Royal Throne had they been really sensible of that whereof in their many Declarations they so boasted seeing the Clouds thicken apace from England which threatned the like Slavery to them as their Presbyterian Brethren here did then suffer under the power of the Independant Saints resolving to adventure an after-Game for the recovery of their power dispatcht the Lord Libertoun into the Netherlands unto the young King Charles the Second by the colour of whose Title they knew full well that an Army might easily be Raised But withall making advantage of his then distressed condition instigated and animated by the Presbyterians here they required that he should take the Covenant and likewise submit to their Directory and Catechism promising that in so doing they would admit him to the Throne of that Realm endeavour the recovery of his Rights and assist him in bringing the Murtherers of his Father to condign punishment Towards the accomplishment of which work the Presbyterians here were also by compact to have acted as opportunity might best serve Unto which dishonourable terms he being over-perswaded by some greater Polititians than St. Paul who prohibited the doing Evil that Good might come thereof against his own judgment was drawn to assent and to adventure His Royal Person into Scotland for carrying on that work Whereupon the Scots having by the help of their Preachers soon Rais'd a powerful Host and for that reason called the Kirk-Army as a preamble to that Slavery which they intended to the King welcom'd him thither with that most inhumane and infamous Murther of the best of His Subjects I mean the most Loyal and truly noble Marquess of Montross whom the unhappy event of War had made their Prisoner The danger of which Army so Rais'd in Scotland being discerned here it was Voted at Westminster that General Fairfax should forthwith March into that Kingdom and quell the Brethren But he being either toucht in conscience with the solemn League and Covenant which had formerly so firmly knit these Brethren in iniquity together or rather over-awed by some of the Godly Party here declined that Service laying down his Commission Whereupon that Superlative Saint Cromwel being constituted General having taken off the Heads of Mr. Love one of the fiercest of the Presbyterian Pulpit-men and Gybons another active man for the Cause the more to strike a terror into the rest of the Presbyterians here Marcht into Scotland with no less than sixteen thousand Horse and Foot Where notwithstanding he had at first some hopeful effects of his Expedition he became at length reduced to such desperate extremities that he would gladly have retreated for the preservation of himself In this seeming lost condition therefore when those proud Presbyterians of that Realm had in conceit swallow'd him up Almighty God made him the apparent and signal scourge of that disloyal and most perfidious people by the utter overthrow of their great and powerful Army at Dunbar their word then being for Kirk and Covenant As Trophies of which wonderful Victory the colours then taken were soon after hung up in Westminster-Hall It will not I think be amiss before I proceed farther to observe fome particulars which passed by Letters betwixt General Cromwel and the Governour of Edenborough-Castle within a few days after this great Victory at Dunbar the Governour objecting First that the English had not adhered to their first Principles nor had been true to the ends of the Covenant And Secondly that men of Civil imployments had usurped the calling and imployment of the Ministry to the scandal of the Reformed Kirks To the first of these objections therefore Cromwel demands of them whether their bearing witness to themselves of their adhering to their first Principles and ingenuity in presecuting the ends of the Covenant justifies them so to have done because they themselves say so Adding that they must have patience to have the truth of their Doctrines and Sayings tryed by the Touch-stone of the word of God and that there be a Liberty and duty of Tryal there is also a Liberty of Iudgment for them that may and ought to trye Which if so then they must give others leave to say and think that they can appeal to equal Iudges who they are that have been the truest fulfillers of the most real and equitable ends of the Covenant But if those Gentlemen quoth Oliver who do assume to themselves to be the infallible Expositors of the Covenant as they do too much to their Auditories of the Scriptures account a different sense and Iudgment from their own to be a breach of the Covenant and Heresie no marvel quoth he that they judge of others so authoritatively and severely but we quoth he have not so learned Christ. And to the second answered thus Are you troubled that Christ is Preached Is Preaching so inclusive in your Function Doth it scandalize the Reformed Kirks and Scotland in particular Is it against the Covenant Away with the Covenant if it be so I thought the Covenant and these could have been willing that any should speak good of the name of Christ If not 't is no Covenant of God's approving nor the Kirk you mention so much the Spouse of Christ.
House of Commons at Westminster and there taking their places and chosen Mr. Rows to be their Speaker admiring the great goodness of God that had put it into the Generals Heart to select them for so great a work they Voted themselves to be the Parliament of England and by that Title to be known and called Having so done they fell vigorously to work for a thorough Reformation Dreaming of nothing less than that Iesus Christ must shortly Reign with them here on Earth To prepare the way therefore to his Personal coming they considered of abolishing the Ministerial Function as favouring in their opinion totally of Popery Likewise for the taking away of Tithes as the Reliques of Judaism Also to abrogate the Old English Laws as Badges of Conquest and Norman Slavery And lastly to suppress the Universities and all Schools for Learning as Heathenish and unnecessary with all Titles of Honour and distinctions as not agreeable to Christianity All which they had without question soon effected but that some few of them of better judgments gave a stop to their Frenzy But the Court of Chancery they really Voted down and passed an Act for the solemnizing of all Marriages by Justices of Peace after Publication made of such purpose in the Church or open Market and that the Birth but not Baptizing of Children should be thenceforth Registred which shews of what Judgment they were in that point The Act likewise for Subscribing that Instrument call'd the Engagement which was passed 2. Ian. An. 1649. they Voted unfit to continue and totally repealed it And for the Tryal of what they called Treason or High Crimes they Erected a new High Court of Iustice. By which Phrentick doings having made themselves as well distastfull as ridiculous to the World their Grand Master Cromwel to ingratiate himself farther with the People put a Period to their Sitting the manner whereof was thus In the Morning a little sooner than usual 12. Dec. those of the Members which were Cromwel's chiefest Confidents came to the House where finding then but few of the Anabaptists an Eminent Member stood up and addressing himself of the Speaker told him that he must disburthen himself of some things that had a long time lain upon his Heart That he was now to speak to the Esse or being rather than the Bene Esse or well-being of the Common-wealth which was ready to sink under them through the ill management of the power betrusted with them and that for his own part he must resign his power from whence he had it foreseeing cleerly that their Waitings and Expectations of ever coming on the things of publick good were more and more disappointed and so descended to these particular instances 1. That they had dealt disingeniously with the Army in moving that the Officers should be treated with to lay down their Pay and when they could not effect that the Bill of Assessments was endeavoured to be cast out 2. That they had not a Spirit to do Justice which appeared in their Act for confirming the sale of Sir Iohn Stowells Estate though he were relieved by the Court of Articles And however he was as vile as could be imagined so was his expression yet he knew not but that man was left to be a Tryal upon them whether they would do Justice or not 3. That they had a Principle amongst them of destroying and pulling down though nothing were set up in the stead and that this was especially manifested in their Vote for removing the Chancery and total alteration of the Laws 4. That though they called their selves a Parliament yet they Acted most unlike unto it and that appeared in their endeavours to destroy propriety in attempting to take off the Power of Patrons to present to Church Livings 5. That they would destroy the Ministry it self which appeared by their Vote on Saturday before and that for these Considerations they could not satisfie themselves to sit any longer and so be guilty of bringing confusion and desolation upon the Nation But if any would yet be so hardy as to continue there he would say unto them in the words of the Prophet Ephraim hath joyned himself to Idols let him alone This being seconded and after him pressed earnestly by some others much startled the Anabaptists then present who spoke fiercely against it Insomuch as those who had appeard for their Dissolution fearing lest by delaying time in Speeches more of the Anabaptists might come in and out-Vote them moved that all who were for their Dissolution should rise and walk out Whereupon the Speaker and divers other forthwith went out of the House But Squib Moyer St. Nicholas and some more of that Gang to the number of about Twenty sate still and having placed Mr. Moyer in the Chair fell to protesting against what the rest had done professing in the presence of the Lord that their Call of God to that place was the Principal Motive that drew them thither and that they apprehended their said Call was chiefly for promoting the Interest of Iesus Christ. Whereupon they continued there until Colonel Goffe with some Musketeers came and asked them What they sate there for Whereunto it was Answered to seek the Lord But perceiving what the Issue thereof was like to be they nevertheless departed and Subscrib'd an Instrument whereunto some others had set their Hands before for surrender of their Power into the Hands of their Master Cromwel Which Instrument so signed being brought to His Excellency he lifted up his Eyes with seeming great admiration and at first with no less modesty faintly refus'd it but at length after assiduous and importunate sute earnestly representing to him the welfare of the Nation inculcating to him also how zealous a Patriot he had ever been for the People he was at last overcome though unwillingly to receive it ¶ This Pageant therefore being thus formally over the next work was his assuming to himself the sole Dominion and Rule a thing which sew could think it safe for any of them to aspire unto considering what had been acted by him and his Party utterly to eradicate Monarchique Government But as the Common Water-men look always the contrary way to that they Row so did this Grand Impostor The contrivance thereof being secretly laid by himself and Major General Lambert who had an aime in time to succeed him in the Government Lambert was the man that dealt with the Principal Officers of the Army to carry on this design with all subtilty imaginable Whereupon he first told them how much the Governing by a single Person would conduce to the General quiet and advantage of the Publick and next to the peculiar Interest of each of them in particular in case it were bounded with sober limitations and not to be by the Title of King For an expedient therefore they resolv'd on the name of Protector and of a formal Instrument wherein should be contained the Rules of his
day of March instant be presented chosen or appointed to any Benefice formerly called Benefice with Cure of Souls or to Preach any publick setled Lecture in England or Wales shall before he be admitted c. be Iudged and Approved by the Persons hereafter named to be a Person for the Grace of God in him his Holy and unblameable Conversation as also for his knowledge and utterance able and fit to Preach the Gospel viz. Francis Rous Esq Dr. Thomas Goodwyn Dr. Iohn Owen Mr. Thankful Owen Dr. Arrowsmith Dr. Tuckney Dr. Horton Mr. Joseph Caryll Mr. Philip Nye Mr. William Carter Mr. Sidrak Simpson Mr. William Greenhill Mr. William Strong Mr. Thomas Manton Mr. Samuel Slater Mr. William Couper Mr. Stephen Marshall Mr. Iohn Tombes Mr. Walter Cradok Mr. Samuel Faircloath Mr. Hugh Peters Mr. Peter Sterrey Mr. Samuel Bamford Mr. Thomas Valentine of Chaford Mr. Henry Iesse Mr. Obediah Sedgwick Mr. Nicholas Lockyer Mr. Daniel Dike Mr. Iames Russel Mr. Nathaniel Campfield Robert Tichburne Alderman of London Mark Hildesley Thomas Wood. John Sadler William Goff Thomas St. Nicholas William Packer Edward Crescet Esq or any five or more of them Having now ended this year 1653. as to the Principal Transsactions at Home I must look back a little and take notice of our farther Military contests with the Dutch wherein I find that on the second of Iune upon another sharp Fight in Yarmouth rode they much worsted those Hogen-mogens so likewife on the last day of Iuly wherein Van Trump their famous Admiral was slain But both parties at length growing weary of this chargeable and destructive War before the end of this year a Peace was concluded betwixt them though not ratified till April ensuing Which Peace with the Dutch and the slavish condition whereunto this Monster Cromwell had brought the People of these Nations made him not only much Idolized here by all his Party but somewhat feared abroad For certain it is that most of the Princes of Europe made application to him amongst which the French King was the first his Embassador making this Speech to him in the Banquetting-house at White-Hall Your most serene Highness hath received already some principal assurances of the King my Master and of his desire to establish a perfect Correspondency between his Dominions and England His Majesty gives unto your Highness this day some publick Demonstration of the same and sending his Excellency for his Service in the quality of Embassador to your Highness doth plainly shew that the esteem which his Majesty makes of your Highness and the Interest of his People have more power in his Councils than many Considerations that would be of great concernment to a Prince less affected with the one and the other This proceeding grounded upon such sound principles and so different from that which is only guided by Ambition renders the Friendship of the King my Master as much considerable for its firmness as for the Utility it may produce and for that reason it is such eminent esteem and sought after by all the greatest Princes and Powers of the Earth But his Majesty doth Communicate none to any with so much Ioy and Chearfulness as unto those whose vertuous deeds and extraordinary Merits render them more eminently Famous than the greatness of their Dominions His Majesty doth acknowledge all these advantages wholly to reside in your Highness and that Divine Providence after so many Troubles and Calamities could not deal more favourably with these three Nations nor cause them to forget their past Misery with more content and satisfaction than by submitting them to so just a Government And whereas it is not enough for the compleating of their happiness to make them enjoy Peace at Home since it depends no less on a good correspondency with Neighbour-Nations abroad the King my Master doth not doubt but to find also the same disposition in your Highness which his Majesty doth express in those Letters which his Excellencie hath Order to present unto your Highness After so many Dispositions exprest by his Majesty and your Highness towards the accommodation of the two Nations there is cause to believe that their wishes will be soon Accomplisht As for me I have none greater than to be able to serve the King my Master with the good liking and satisfaction of your Highness and that the happiness I have to tender unto your Highness the first assurances of his Majesties esteem may give me occasion to deserve by my respects the honour of your Gracious Affection Being therefore thus puft up he soon after passed an Act of Grace and Pardon to all Persons of the Scottish Nation excepting Iames late Duke Hamilton William late Duke Hamilton Iohn Earl of Crawford-Lindsey Iames Earl of Calender and many more therein specially named As also another Act for making Scotland one Common-wealth with England Whereby it was likewise Ordained that thirty Persons of that Nation should serve in Parliament here for Scotland And that the People of that Nation should be discharged of their Allegiance to any Issue of the late King Also that Kingship and Parliamentary-Authority should be there abolished and the Arms of Scotland viz. St. Andrew's Cross should thenceforth be borne with the Arms of this Common-wealth All which being done he removed his Lodgings which were before at the Cockpit into those of the late King in his Royal Pallace at White-Hall About this time it was that Colonel Venables having been imploy'd by Cromwell to attempt some of the chief Plantations made by the Spanyard in the West-Indies Landing his Men in Hispaniola and expecting with little trouble to have taken S. Domingo he received a shameful defeat But the next Month he had better success in those Forreign parts For the Spaniards in Iamaco timorously flying before them when they Landed there an easie acquisition was made by the English of that large Island which hath since proved a very prosperous and beneficial Plantation But to return Cromwell by this time being grown very great to make himself the more formidable to all his late Majesties good Subjects then called Royalists by establishing his Dominion upon more Innocent blood having by the wicked practises of his Emissaries trayn'd in some Persons purpose of endeavouring their own and the Peoples freedome from his Tyrannous Power he caused another bloody Theater to be erected in Westminster-Hall calling it an high-high-Court of Iustice where Mr. Iohn Gerard and Mr. Wowell two Gentlemen of great Loyalty received Sentence of Death and were accordingly Sacrificed as a peace-Offering to this Moloch For the better maintenance likewise and encouragement of Preaching-Ministers and for uniting and severing of Parishes he made another Act which begins thus Whereas many Parishes in this Nation are without the constant and Powerful Preaching of the Gospel through want of competent maintenance c. Also another for Souldiers which had serv'd the Common-wealth in
g 15. July Ib. p. 120. h Ib. p. 130 i 28. July Perf. Diurnal p. 3003. k Hist. of Indep p. 123. l 3. Aug. Ib. p. 126. m Ib. p. 128. n Ib. p. 124. ☜ o Ib. p. 135. p P 17. Aug. q 29. Aug. Scob. coll p. 165. Treaty in the Isle of Wight r Perfect Diurnal Pâ— 2164. †Moderate Intelligencer n. 16. t 16. Nov. Declaration of the Army at St. Albans ☜ v 120. Nov. x 27. Nov. y Hist. of Indep part 2. z p. 25. 26. a 30. Nov. b 2. Dec. c Ib. p. 29. 4. Dec. The King taken from the Isle of Wight and sent to Hurst-castle d 6. Dec. Ib. 1. 29. e Ib. p. 31. f 7. Dec. g 8. Dec. h Ib. p. 37. 38. ☞ i Ib. p. 48 49. The King removed from Hurst-Castle to Winchester k 21. Dec. l 22. Dec. Thence to Farnham m Ib. p. 49. 50. Thence to Windsor o 23. Dec. p 27. Dec. p Ib. p. 44. q Ibid. * Life of K. Charles by Dr. Perenchief p. 153. r 28. Dec. Hist. of Indep part 2. p. 55. s Ibid. p. 56. * 29. Dec. t The daughter of one Michelson u 4. Ian. Ib. p. 56. * 6. Ian. Ib. p. 57. y 9. Iar. z 10. Ian. The K. removed from Windâ—â—r to St. Iames's a 19. Ian. b 20. Ian. c Hist. of Indep Part. 1. p. 87. d Ib e 21. Ian. f 22. Ian. g 27. Ian. h Ib. p. 108. i 28. Ian. Ib. p. 109. k 30. Ian. Ib. p. 110. The King Murthered ☞ His Corps removed from White-Hall to St. Iames's I. Feb. Thence to Windsor 7. Feb. There Buried 9. Feb. Whether the Presbyterians or Independants were the chief Actors Murthering the King The opinion herein of the Learned Salmasius l Salamâ—â—â—s deâ—ensio regia pro Carolo primo c. 10. p. 343 m Ib. p. 353 Ib. p. 468. * In April or May 1648. Vide Sanderson's Hist. of K. Charles p. 1071. Scots entred England with a third Army 13. Iuly 1648. o 30. Ian. Hist. of Indep part 2. p. 113. p 1. Febr. Ib. p. 115. q 3. Febr. r 5. Febr. s 6. Febr. t Ib. p. 115. Et Perf. Diurnal p. 1250. House of Peers abolished u 5. Febr. x Moderate Intelligencer p. 315. y The Armies weekly Intelligencer p. 33 34. z Febr. 16. 18. Febr. 2. Hist. of Indep p. 2. p. 131. a 17. Martii Scob. Coll. p. 7. b Ibid p. 8. c 16. Apr. An. 1649. d Hist. of Indep p. 2. p. 152. e Ib. p. 153. f 7. April Scob. Coll. p. 8. g 12. April Ib. p. 156. h Ib. p. 157. i Ib. p. 158. ☞ k 19. April Ibid. l 30. April Scob. Coll. p. 16. Act for sale of Deans and Chapters Lands m 1. May. Hist. of Indep p. 2. p. 167. n 19. May. Scob. Coll p. 30. o 30. May. Hist. of Indep part 2. p. 184. 185. p 7. Iunii Ib. p. 187. q 25. Iunii Scob. Coll. p. 45. r 4. Iulii Ib. p. 46. s 16. Iulii Ib. p. 51. t 17. Iulii Ib. p. 64. u 17. Iulii Ib. p. 65. x 31. Iulii Ib. p. 68. y 15. Aug. z 2. Ian. Scob. Coll. p. 101. Act for the Engagement a 18. Febr. Ibid. b 22. Febr. Ib. p. 104 c 11. Martii Ib. p. 106. An. 1650. d 26. Martii Scob. Coll. p. 111. e 15. Apr. f 3. Maii. g Hist. of Indep part 2. p. 14. 15. h 6. Iunii General Fairfax layeth down his Commission i 26. Iunii Oliver Cromwel made General of the Army k Battail of Dunbar 3. Sept. l 21. Sept. m Perf. Diurnall p. 476. c. n 27. Sept. o 22. Nov. Scob. Coll. p. 148. p 29. Nov. Ib. p. 149. q 22. Ian. Ib. 151. r 1 Ian. s Hist. of Indep p. 4. p. 20. t 7. Aug. u 22. Aug. x Ib. p. 22. y 3. Sept. a 4. Febr. Scob. Coll. p. 178. b 24. Febr. Ib. p. 179. An. 1652. a 19. Iunii Heath 's Chr. p. 322. b 16. Aug. Ibid. p. 323. c 28. Octâ—â— Ib. p. 327. d 29. Nov. Ib. p. 329 330. e 18. Febr. Ib. p. 335. f 2. Martii Ib. p. 336. g 29. Sept. Scob. Coll. p. 209. An. 1653. Cromwel turns the Parliament called the Rump out of Doors d 4. Iulâ—â— e 5. Aug. f 24. Aug. Scob. Coll. p. 236. g 4. Nov. Ib. p. 268. h 21. Nov. Ib. p. 272. i 12. Dec. Cromwel made Lord Protector The Instrument of Government †〈…〉 * 19. Ian. a Scob. coll p. 277. Act against the Engagement The Protectors Riding to Grocers-Hall in State b 20. Martij Scob. coll p. 279. 2. Iunij Heath's hist. p. 344. 345. b 31. Iuly Ibid. p. 346. et 347 c Ib. p. 357. An. 1654. 28. Martij d 12. Apr. Scob. coll p. 288. e Ib. p. 293. Act for making Scotland one Common-wealth with England f 18. Apr. Cromwell first seated himself at Whitchall * 25. Apr. Heath's hist. p. 370. et 371. †Ib. p. 371. et 372. g 6. Iuly h 2 Sept. Scob. col p. 353. i Ib. p. 357. k Ib. p. 366. l 3. Sept. A Parliament called The manner of his proceeding to Parliament †Praise-God Bearbone and his Fellows The Reâ—â—gnition subscribed m 22. Ian. The Parliament dissolved * At Exeter 18. April †15. Octob. Major Generals An. 1656. * 20. Sept. * 20. Sept. †17. Ianu. * 19. Ianu. †10. Iuly * 17. Sept. Cromwels second Parliament called * Scob. Cell p. 571. †Ib. p. 372. * Alderman Pack a great Excise-Commissioner the first that moved it 21. Feb. The humble Petition and A Advice * 8. May. †19. May. * 25. May. Scob. Col p. 378. â— â— Cromâ—el a second time Constituted Protector †I. Iuly * 9. Iuly †15. Iuly An. 1658. * 20. Ianu. The Parliament Dissolved 4. Feb. Another high-High-Court of Justice * 2. 8. Iun. Dunkirk having been besieged by the English and French and given up to the French upon Articles was put into the hands of the English 25. Iune * Sept. 3. * Nov. 23. * Stows Survey of Lond. p. 494. col 1. * Hist of Indep Part. 4. p. 32. Rich. Cromwels Parliament 7. Ian. * Ibid. p. 36. An. 1659. * Ibid. * April 7. †April 8. * April 18. History of Indep part 4. p. 37. †Ib. p. 38. * April 22. * Ib. p. 39. †Sir Arthur Haselrigg * 25. April The Protector set aside and the Rump of the Long Parliament restored †5. May. * 7. May. †6. May. * 7. May. †Ibid. p. 40. * Ib. p. 41. The names of the Rumpers * Ib. p. 41. The Secluded Members * 9. May. †Ib. p. 42. * 29. May. Ib. p. 43. †Ib. p. 45. * Ib. Iune †Ib. p. 49. * Ib. p. 50. †Iuly * 2. Iuly †Ib. p. 53. * I. August †Ib. p. 55. * 19.