the_o case_n between_o sir_n jerom_n alexander_n knight_n second_o justice_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o common_a plea_n in_o ireland_n and_o sir_n william_n ashton_n knight_n second_o justice_n of_o his_o majesty_n court_n of_o king_n bench_n in_o ireland_n concern_v precedency_n the_o case_n as_o sir_n william_n ashton_n put_v it_o be_v viz._n sir_n william_n ashton_n have_v a_o letter_n from_o his_o majesty_n to_o the_o lord_n justice_n 1660._o letter_n date_v 3._o novemb_n 1660._o of_o ireland_n to_o pass_v letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o make_v he_o second_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n there_o date_v the_o 3_o novem._n 1660._o sir_n jerom_n alexander_n have_v a_o like_a letter_n to_o make_v he_o second_o justice_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n in_o ireland_n date_v 30_o novemb_n 1660._o several_a letter_n patent_n pass_v to_o each_o according_o both_o date_v the_o 19_o of_o 1660._o letter_n date_v 30._o novemb_n 1660._o january_n 1660._o both_o letter_n patent_n be_v present_v to_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n at_o the_o same_o time_n 1660._o both_o letter_n patent_n date_v 30._o jan._n 1660._o both_o be_v in_o place_n sir_n jerom_n alexander_n demand_v precedency_n and_o to_o be_v first_o swear_v as_o ancient_a to_o sir_n william_n ashton_n in_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n in_o england_n and_o a_o utter_a barrister_n before_o he_o sir_n william_n ashton_n demand_v precedency_n and_o to_o be_v first_o swear_v as_o he_o be_v make_v second_o justice_n of_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n as_o have_v a_o precedency_n before_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n and_o as_o his_o letter_n from_o the_o king_n be_v of_o a_o prior_n date_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n inquire_v of_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n then_o attend_v his_o lordship_n what_o the_o practice_n therein_o have_v former_o be_v and_o be_v inform_v by_o they_o tallant_n mr._n patrick_n tallant_n one_o of_o who_o be_v the_o most_o eminent_a attorney_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n that_o the_o precedency_n have_v always_o be_v give_v former_o to_o the_o second_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench._n thereupon_o order_v sir_n william_n ashton_n to_o be_v first_o swear_v with_o a_o salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la to_o sir_n jerom_n alexander_n if_o any_o he_o have_v the_o first_o question_n be_v to_o who_o the_o right_a of_o precedency_n belong_v at_o first_o to_o sir_n jerom_n alexander_n as_o ancient_a to_o sir_n william_n ashton_n in_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n or_o to_o sir_n william_n ashton_n either_o in_o respect_n of_o be_v second_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n or_o as_o have_v his_o majesty_n letter_n of_o a_o prior_n date_n the_o second_o question_n be_v whether_o sir_n william_n ashton_n be_v de_fw-la facto_fw-la first_o swear_a ought_v not_o to_o have_v the_o precedency_n as_o senior_a judge_n notwithstanding_o the_o salvo_n jure_fw-la to_o sir_n jerom_n alexander_n william_n ashton_n alexander_n the_o argument_n for_o precedency_n by_o sir_n jerom_n alexander_n first_o i_o shall_v agree_v it_o to_o be_v the_o case_n in_o all_o thing_n but_o in_o this_o one_o thing_n only_o which_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o rest_v in_o proof_n and_o i_o do_v affirm_v that_o it_o be_v not_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n there_o present_a that_o do_v affirm_v that_o the_o precedency_n have_v always_o be_v former_o give_v to_o the_o second_o tallant_n see_v mr._n talon_n testimony_n under_o his_o hand_n of_o the_o 20_o of_o decem._n 1661._o in_o haec_fw-la verba_fw-la when_o the_o right_a honourable_a the_o lord_n chancellor_n demand_v of_o i_o who_o shall_v be_v first_o swear_v sir_n jer._n alexander_n or_o sir_n william_n ashton_n i_o repair_v down_o the_o stair_n to_o inquire_v of_o those_o who_o i_o conceive_v better_a to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o that_o matter_n then_o myself_o and_o meet_v below_o the_o stair_n with_o coll._n william_n knight_n i_o put_v the_o question_n unto_o he_o who_o answer_v i_o that_o the_o second_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v always_o swear_v before_o the_o second_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a pleas._n and_o thereupon_o i_o come_v up_o again_o and_o inform_v his_o lordship_n the_o same_o pa._n tallant_n justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n nor_o be_v it_o so_o but_o the_o contrary_n but_o my_o lord_n chancellor_n direct_v mr._n tallant_n who_o be_v that_o eminent_a officer_n of_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n mention_v by_o sir_n william_n ashton_n in_o the_o draught_n of_o his_o case_n to_o inquire_v how_o the_o practice_n have_v former_o be_v and_o he_o meeting_n with_o one_o colonel_n knight_n inquire_v of_o he_o who_o tell_v he_o so_o and_o upon_o that_o single_a discourse_n with_o colonel_n knight_n without_o any_o conference_n have_v with_o any_o other_o of_o the_o officer_n there_o present_a and_o without_o any_o knowledge_n that_o he_o have_v thereof_o himself_o mr._n tallant_n return_v my_o lord_n chancellor_n that_o 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door_n and_o fall_v of_o itself_o without_o any_o more_o ado_n so_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o argue_v the_o point_n of_o his_o case_n and_o shall_v begin_v to_o argue_v his_o second_o point_n first_o as_o most_o material_a for_o if_o the_o salvo_n jure_v to_o i_o shall_v operate_v nothing_o we_o be_v at_o a_o end_n the_o first_o point_n will_v never_o come_v in_o question_n for_o if_o sir_n william_n ashton_n be_v de_fw-la facto_fw-la first_o swear_v therefore_o aught_o to_o have_v the_o precedency_n as_o senior_a judge_n notwithstanding_o the_o salvo_n jure_v to_o i_o then_o the_o controversy_n be_v at_o a_o end_n therefore_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o probe_n that_o this_o salvo_n jure_fw-la do_v seem_v to_o i_o my_o right_n of_o precedency_n notwithstanding_o that_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la sir_n william_n ashton_n be_v first_o swear_v as_o this_o case_n be_v and_o howsoever_o sir_n william_n ashton_n have_v make_v this_o a_o question_n in_o the_o case_n yet_o i_o presume_v he_o be_v so_o much_o a_o gentleman_n and_o so_o conscientious_a of_o his_o way_n that_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v satisfy_v that_o the_o right_n of_o precedency_n do_v belong_v to_o i_o to_o be_v first_o swear_v as_o we_o stand_v unsworn_a that_o he_o will_v not_o take_v advantage_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n and_o keep_v that_o right_n from_o i_o which_o he_o shall_v so_o gain_v by_o a_o false_a suggestion_n but_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o make_v it_o clear_o to_o appear_v 1_o first_o that_o the_o salvo_n jure_v in_o the_o case_n have_v secure_v unto_o i_o what_o right_o of_o precedency_n i_o have_v to_o be_v first_o swear_v as_o we_o stand_v unsworn_a 2_o second_o that_o the_o right_n of_o precedency_n to_o be_v first_o swear_v do_v proper_o belong_v to_o i_o as_o we_o stand_v unsworn_a notwithstanding_o his_o be_v make_v second_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o notwithstanding_o the_o prior_n date_n of_o his_o letter_n controversy_n my_o lord_n chancellor_n the_o proper_a judge_n of_o this_o controversy_n and_o first_o i_o conceive_v that_o sir_n william_n ashton_n will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o my_o lord_n chancellor_n be_v the_o proper_a judge_n of_o this_o controversy_n and_o so_o have_v power_n of_o do_v right_o unto_o we_o both_o this_o be_v so_o undeniable_a a_o truth_n as_o it_o need_v no_o other_o proof_n but_o aconstant_a usage_n and_o custom_n as_o through_o all_o england_n so_o throughout_o all_o ireland_n which_o be_v the_o common_a law_n for_o those_o custom_n and_o usage_n which_o be_v use_v and_o accostomed_a per_fw-la totam_fw-la angliam_fw-la &_o per_fw-la totam_fw-la hiberniam_fw-la be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n then_o the_o usual_a practice_n and_o course_n in_o these_o case_n have_v be_v that_o the_o lord_n 3._o the_o judge_n oath_n settle_v by_o the_o stat._n of_o 18._o e._n 3._o chancellor_n of_o
for_o the_o better_a qualify_a of_o they_o for_o other_o employment_n both_o abroad_o the_o seniority_n go_v according_a to_o the_o admittance_n both_o in_o the_o house_n and_o abroad_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o they_o have_v degree_n give_v they_o also_o as_o in_o the_o university_n and_o not_o degree_n only_o but_o also_o a_o state_n no_o less_o solemn_a then_o they_o and_o as_o in_o the_o university_n he_o that_o be_v first_o matriculate_v and_o so_o receive_v into_o the_o fellowship_n of_o the_o university_n have_v the_o precedency_n of_o all_o that_o come_v after_o he_o so_o it_o be_v in_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n all_o student_n take_v their_o place_n according_a to_o their_o admittance_n into_o those_o society_n whereof_o they_o be_v make_v member_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o several_a bencher_n of_o those_o house_n to_o who_o they_o be_v present_v and_o as_o this_o admittance_n and_o the_o receive_n thereof_o give_v we_o precedency_n in_o the_o house_n at_o all_o meeting_n 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concern_v those_o that_o be_v call_v to_o the_o bench._n he_o that_o be_v first_o call_v have_v his_o seniority_n according_o before_o the_o same_o rule_n be_v concern_v sergeant_n at_o law_n when_o call_v the_o manner_n show_v herein_o before_o the_o same_o order_n be_v observe_v concern_v the_o call_n of_o sergeant_n all_o be_v swear_v according_a to_o their_o seniority_n and_o as_o a_o barrister_n at_o law_n can_v regular_o be_v call_v till_o he_o be_v seven_o year_n stand_v a_o student_n so_o no_o man_n can_v be_v make_v a_o sergeant_n at_o law_n till_o he_o be_v sixtéen_v 120._o fortescue_n 120._o year_n a_o student_n in_o some_o one_o of_o the_o say_v four_o inn_n of_o court_n and_o a_o barrister_n and_o have_v be_v a_o reader_n in_o the_o house_n whereof_o he_o have_v be_v a_o member_n mean_v to_o be_v a_o double_a reader_n how_o mean_v some_o will_v have_v it_o that_o he_o must_v be_v double_a reader_n before_o he_o be_v make_v sergeant_n but_o that_o may_v be_v mean_v of_o read_v in_o the_o inn_n of_o chancery_n and_o then_o in_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n as_o common_o all_o do_v heretofore_o that_o be_v make_v sergeant_n and_o yet_o that_o be_v no_o certain_a rule_n for_o now_o sergeant_n be_v common_o call_v that_o have_v but_o read_v in_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n alone_o some_o have_v be_v call_v that_o have_v not_o read_v at_o all_o as_o sir_n thomas_n heatley_n who_o be_v make_v puisne_n to_o all_o that_o call_v of_o sergeant_n though_o he_o be_v senior_a to_o many_o of_o they_o that_o be_v call_v with_o he_o which_o 671._o 2_o par._n crook_n rep._n 671._o prove_v that_o read_n in_o a_o inn_n of_o court_n be_v necessary_a to_o precede_v the_o call_n and_o degree_n of_o a_o sergeant_n at_o law_n some_o call_v they_o sergeant_n of_o the_o coif_n and_o that_o proceed_v from_o this_o you_o may_v observe_v they_o to_o wear_v a_o white_a quoif_n of_o silk_n it_o 121._o fortescue_n de_fw-fr laudibus_fw-la legum_fw-la angliae_fw-la 120._o and_o 121._o shall_v be_v in_o token_n or_o sign_n that_o all_o be_v thus_o graduate_n which_o be_v the_o principal_a and_o chief_a insignment_n of_o habit_n with_o which_o sergeant_n at_o law_n in_o their_o creation_n be_v deck_v and_o neither_o the_o justice_n nor_o yet_o the_o sergeant_n shall_v ever_o put_v off_o the_o coif_n no_o not_o in_o the_o king_n presence_n though_o he_o be_v in_o talk_n with_o he_o be_v fortescue_n ibid._n what_o a_o judge_n be_v but_o a_o judge_n be_v no_o degree_n in_o the_o law_n say_v fortescue_n but_o a_o office_n only_o and_o a_o room_n of_o authority_n for_o to_o continue_v during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o in_o england_n he_o can_v be_v a_o judge_n unless_o he_o be_v make_v aserjeant_n at_o law_n first_o judge_n order_n and_o precedency_n among_o the_o judge_n and_o we_o shall_v find_v order_n and_o precedency_n among_o they_o also_o both_o in_o england_n and_o ireland_n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n take_v his_o place_n before_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a bench_n and_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a bench_n before_o the_o lord_n chief_a baron_n and_o the_o lord_n chief_a baron_n before_o all_o the_o puisne_n judge_n of_o every_o the_o court_n of_o law_n and_o then_o the_o puisne_n judge_n of_o all_o the_o court_n one_o before_o another_o as_o they_o be_v swear_v one_o before_o another_o 24._o see_v 2_o par_fw-fr crook_n r._n 170_o par_fw-fr 24._o seniority_n judge_n foster_n case_n swear_v first_o give_v the_o seniority_n sir_n thomas_n foster_n sergeant_n be_v swear_v a_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a bench._n and_o sir_n edward_n heron_n be_v a_o ancient_a sergeant_n than_o he_o be_v swear_v one_o of_o the_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o because_o sergeant_n heron_n be_v swear_v after_o 197._o see_v crook_n 2._o rep._n 197._o the_o other_o and_o though_o both_o in_o one_o day_n yet_o he_o lose_v his_o antiquity_n to_o foster_n for_o that_o reason_n only_o precedency_n no_o saving_n no_o precedency_n but_o there_o be_v neither_o any_o demand_n of_o precedency_n nor_o any_o save_v in_o that_o case_n as_o in_o this_o case_n of_o i_o for_o i_o do_v all_o thing_n in_o order_n to_o preserve_v my_o right_n and_o be_o therefore_o confident_a i_o shall_v not_o loose_v it_o the_o next_o be_v sir_n george_n crook_n own_o case_n who_o in_o michaelmas_n term_v 4._o 127._o sir_n george_n crook_n own_o case_n in_o his_o 1._o rep._n 127._o caroli_n be_v then_o a_o judge_n in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n be_v remove_v into_o the_o court_n of_o king_n bench_n and_o before_o his_o removal_n justice_n yeluerton_n than_o a_o fellow_n judge_n with_o he_o in_o the_o same_o court._n and_o sir_n thomas_n trevor_n and_o vernon_n be_v then_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n be_v his_o puisnes_n who_o pretend_v that_o by_o his_o removal_n and_o his_o take_v the_o oath_n de_fw-fr novo_fw-la in_o the_o king_n bench_n he_o have_v lose_v his_o precedency_n to_o they_o and_o therefore_o claim_v the_o place_n of_o he_o but_o it_o be_v rule_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n for_o sir_n george_n crook_n but_o upon_o this_o reason_n that_o albeit_o he_o be_v new_o swear_v yet_o he_o never_o cease_v to_o be_v a_o judge_n and_o therefore_o his_o swear_a de_fw-la novo_fw-la in_o another_o court_n do_v not_o loose_v he_o his_o precedency_n which_o he_o have_v before_o first_o by_o all_o which_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o all_o student_n of_o any_o of_o the_o inn_n of_o court_n in_o england_n have_v precedency_n one_o before_o another_o as_o they_o be_v admit_v in_o time_n one_o before_o another_o and_o second_o that_o all_o barrester_n bencher_n and_o sergeant_n at_o law_n have_v precedency_n one_o before_o another_o as_o they_o be_v call_v to_o those_o degree_n one_o before_o another_o three_o that_o a_o puisne_n judge_n take_v their_o seniority_n as_o they_o be_v swear_v one_o before_o another_o four_o that_o all_o barrester_n bencher_n sergeant_n and_o 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thereof_o he_o please_v 20._o my_o own_o cousin_n in_o lincoln_n inn._n lincoln_n inn_n ad_fw-la concilium_fw-la ibid._n tent_n 11._o die_v febr._n an._n r._n jac._n etc._n etc._n 20._o and_o i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o point_n with_o a_o case_n of_o my_o own_o l._n upon_o read_v a_o certificate_n that_o jerom_n alexander_n gent._n be_v admit_v in_o the_o society_n of_o furnivals_n inn_n the_o first_o day_n of_o july_n 1609._o and_o during_o his_o abode_n demean_v himself_o well_o and_o perform_v exercise_n of_o learue_a and_o be_v now_o a_o fellow_n of_o this_o house_n be_v at_o this_o council_n call_v to_o the_o barr._n albeit_o he_o be_v not_o seven_o year_n complete_a of_o this_o society_n save_v to_o all_o his_o ancient_n their_o antiquity_n and_o be_v to_o be_v publish_v in_o easter_n term_n next_o he_o first_o pay_v all_o duty_n to_o the_o house_n and_o chapel_n ro._n air_n c_o n._n l._n mr._n justice_n brown_n now_o one_o of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a bench_n in_o 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