and_o custom_n yet_o nevertheless_o forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o sufficient_o learn_v in_o the_o abovesaid_a law_n and_o custom_n whereby_o the_o truth_n and_o right_n in_o this_o behalf_n of_o likelihood_n may_v be_v hide_v and_o not_o clear_o know_v to_o all_o the_o people_n and_o thereupon_o put_v in_o doubt_n and_o question_n and_o over_o this_o how_o that_o the_o case_n the_o mr._n ps._n note_n yet_o he_o that_o consider_v 39_o h._n 6._o n._n 8._o to_o 33._o and_o 1_o e._n 4._o n._n 8._o to_o 40._o will_v scarce_o believe_v this_o for_o a_o truth_n neither_o prove_v it_o so_o in_o his_o own_o case_n court_n of_o parliament_n be_v of_o such_o authority_n and_o the_o people_n of_o this_o land_n of_o such_o a_o nature_n and_o disposition_n as_o experience_n teach_v that_o manifestation_n and_o declaration_n of_o any_o truth_n and_o right_o make_v by_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o this_o realm_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n and_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o make_v before_o all_o thing_n most_o faith_n and_o certain_a quiet_v of_o man_n mind_n and_o remove_v the_o occasion_n of_o doubt_n and_o seditious_a language_n therefore_o at_o the_o request_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o be_v it_o pronounce_v decree_v and_o declare_v that_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n be_v and_o be_v the_o very_a undoubted_a king_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n as_o well_o by_o right_a of_o consanguinity_n and_o inheritance_n as_o by_o lawful_a election_n consecration_n and_o coronation_n i_o do_v not_o observe_v that_o the_o recognition_n be_v first_o draw_v up_o and_o present_v to_o king_n richard_n at_o his_o coronation_n by_o a_o party_n of_o his_o own_o creature_n take_v upon_o themselves_o to_o recognise_v and_o elect_v he_o their_o king_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n however_o afterward_o it_o be_v not_o find_v difficult_a to_o bring_v the_o three_o estate_n in_o full_a parliament_n to_o make_v this_o their_o own_o act_n and_o not_o only_o to_o submit_v to_o king_n richard_z as_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la but_o to_o recognize_v he_o to_o be_v king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la prynn_n remark_n upon_o it_o in_o the_o margin_n be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v their_o honesty_n and_o sincerity_n in_o this_o proceed_n how_o well_o qualify_v they_o approve_v themselves_o for_o a_o infallible_a judge_n of_o controversy_n about_o the_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o their_o base_a and_o servile_a flattery_n in_o extol_v the_o singular_a virtue_n of_o that_o bloody_a tyrant_n by_o their_o declare_v he_o the_o true_a and_o undoubted_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o their_o establish_v a_o new_a andunheard_a of_o right_n of_o inheritance_n whereby_o it_o belong_v to_o a_o hereditary_a king_n to_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o parliament_n and_o last_o after_o they_o have_v act_v thus_o contrary_a to_o the_o light_n and_o conviction_n of_o their_o own_o conscience_n pretend_v to_o a_o incontestable_a authority_n to_o quiet_a the_o conscience_n of_o the_o nation_n how_o they_o quiet_v their_o conscience_n appear_v by_o the_o sequel_n of_o the_o history_n when_o the_o nation_n within_o two_o year_n call_v in_o hen._n 7_o the_o to_o depose_v this_o tyrant_n upon_o his_o oath_n to_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o edw._n the_o 4_o the_o the_o heir_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o there_o we_o find_v the_o parliament_n soon_o change_v their_o note_n and_o prononnce_n the_o late_a true_a and_o undoubted_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n a_o traitor_n and_o usurper_n finis_fw-la a_o advertisement_n to_o the_o reader_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o forego_n discourse_n there_o be_v some_o passage_n in_o this_o discourse_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o allow_v too_o much_o to_o a_o usurper_n in_o possession_n viz_o that_o some_o degree_n of_o submission_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v pay_v to_o his_o act_n of_o government_n that_o some_o of_o his_o judicial_a act_n grant_n etc._n etc._n aught_o in_o equity_n to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o valid_a and_o that_o some_o act_n against_o high_a may_v be_v punish_v as_o treason_n to_o prevent_v these_o passae_n be_v mistake_v or_o pervert_v i_o think_v it_o proper_a to_o to_o add_v some_o far_a explanation_n of_o they_o the_o question_n touch_v the_o subject_n compliance_n under_o a_o usunper_n in_o possession_n suppose_v these_o two_o thing_n 1._o that_o the_o usurper_n be_v get_v into_o the_o throne_n and_o that_o he_o have_v seize_v the_o power_n of_o the_o nation_n into_o his_o hand_n so_o that_o the_o subject_n who_o still_o adhere_v to_o their_o loyalty_n and_o allegiance_n be_v not_o a_o present_a able_a to_o make_v head_n against_o he_o to_o remove_v he_o from_o the_o throne_n and_o to_o restore_v their_o lawful_a king_n to_o his_o right_n 2._o that_o whether_o the_o loyal_a party_n will_n or_o no_o the_o government_n will_v from_o thenceforth_o proceed_v under_o the_o name_n and_o as_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o usurper_n till_o the_o lawful_a prince_n and_o his_o party_n be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o displace_v he_o i_o e._n the_o usurper_n will_v name_v his_o council_n judge_n and_o inferior_a magistrate_n officer_n of_o his_o court_n and_o his_o army_n etc._n etc._n will_v call_v parliament_n make_v law_n levy_v tax_n grant_v commission_n and_o take_v upon_o he_o to_o execute_v all_o other_o act_n of_o royal_a authority_n and_o will_v have_v a_o party_n to_o act_v under_o he_o in_o all_o place_n of_o trust_n and_o power_n during_o his_o usurpation_n upon_o this_o ground_n therefore_o it_o will_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o explain_v the_o abovementioned_a passage_n and_o to_o show_v that_o they_o do_v not_o allow_v too_o much_o to_o a_o usurper_n in_o possession_n as_o first_o that_o some_o degree_n of_o submission_n and_o obedience_n may_v be_v pay_v to_o his_o act_n of_o government_n i._n e._n whilst_o the_o loyal_a party_n be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v head_n against_o he_o to_o deprive_v he_o of_o the_o crown_n they_o may_v be_v allow_v and_o oblige_v to_o pay_v a_o submission_n and_o obedience_n to_o those_o act_n of_o government_n do_v by_o the_o usurper_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o public_a safety_n and_o welfare_n and_o be_v not_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o right_n and_o interest_n of_o their_o lawful_a king_n for_o this_o submission_n and_o obedience_n 1._o do_v not_o imply_v any_o recognition_n of_o the_o least_o right_o or_o authority_n in_o the_o usurper_n for_o the_o ground_n of_o it_o be_v not_o any_o such_o authority_n but_o a_o prudent_a regard_n to_o their_o own_o safety_n the_o public_a good_a and_o their_o absent_a prince_n interest_n invole_v in_o both_o who_o will_v therefore_o they_o must_v presume_v allow_v nay_o require_v they_o to_o act_v thus_o as_o most_o for_o his_o service_n in_o their_o present_a circumstance_n 2._o it_o do_v not_o at_o all_o contribute_v to_o the_o settlement_n of_o the_o usurpation_n and_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o government_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o usurper_n for_o the_o government_n will_v proceed_v as_o by_o his_o authority_n whether_o they_o will_v or_o no_o till_o they_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o oppose_v it_o effectual_o and_o may_v be_v more_o settle_v if_o they_o shall_v throw_v away_o their_o own_o life_n and_o ruin_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o lawful_a prince_n by_o any_o rash_a and_o weak_a attempt_n 3._o it_o do_v not_o disengage_a they_o from_o embrace_v all_o opportunity_n of_o act_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v be_v real_o serviceable_a to_o their_o lawful_a prince_n interest_n and_o may_v make_v way_n for_o his_o recovery_n of_o his_o just_a right_n second_o it_o be_v allow_v in_o the_o discourse_n that_o some_o judicial_a act_n and_o grant_n etc._n etc._n of_o a_o usurper_n aught_o in_o equity_n to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o valid_a viz._n such_o as_o be_v not_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o lawful_a king_n or_o of_o the_o public_a this_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o same_o supposition_n that_o the_o government_n will_v be_v carry_v on_o by_o the_o usurper_n and_o his_o adherent_n whether_o the_o lawful_a prince_n and_o his_o party_n will_v or_o so_o and_o than_o it_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o nation_n the_o lawful_a party_n and_o he_o lawful_a prince_n that_o justice_n shall_v be_v administer_v and_o the_o order_n of_o government_n preserve_v and_o consequent_o that_o the_o sentence_n pass_v in_o court_n under_o the_o usurper_n and_o his_o commission_n and_o grant_n etc._n etc._n be_v look_v upon_o as_o valid_a as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v not_o against_o the_o right_n of_o the_o lawful_a king_n and_o tend_v to_o the_o preservation_n of_o public_a justice_n and_o order_n for_o the_o allow_v this_o do_v not_o imply_v 1._o a_o allowance_n of_o any_o right_a or_o authority_n in_o the_o usurper_n for_o the_o government_n may_v still_o be_v conceive_v to_o subsist_v and_o the_o law_n to_o stand_v in_o force_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o lawful_a king_n authority_n and_o consequent_o these_o judicial_a act_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o useful_a by_o virtue_n of_o his_o presume_a will_n whereby_o they_o be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v 2._o neither_o do_v it_o justify_v the_o adherent_n of_o the_o usuper_fw-la in_o their_o join_n to_o act_n under_o he_o as_o the_o instrument_n of_o his_o usurp_v power_n for_o this_o be_v treason_n in_o they_o their_o swear_a allegiance_n to_o he_o take_v commission_n from_o he_o and_o act_v for_o his_o interest_n against_o their_o lawful_a prince_n and_o yet_o some_o act_n do_v by_o they_o to_o preserve_v public_a justice_n and_o order_n may_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o convenient_a not_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o legal_a authority_n which_o they_o have_v but_o as_o reason_n and_o necessity_n require_v that_o these_o act_n shall_v have_v their_o effect_n three_o the_o discourse_n that_o some_o act_n against_o a_o usurper_n may_v be_v punish_v as_o treason_n this_o also_o suppose_v the_o government_n and_o power_n of_o the_o nation_n to_o be_v in_o the_o usurper_n hand_n and_o that_o it_o be_v requisite_a and_o just_a that_o while_o it_o be_v so_o murder_n robery_n and_o such_o other_o offence_n against_o right_n and_o order_n be_v punish_v though_o by_o the_o usurper_n commission_n and_o warrant_n the_o same_o therefore_o be_v to_o be_v grant_v as_o to_o any_o act_n within_o the_o stat._n 25_o edw._n 3._o which_o be_v commit_v under_o the_o reign_n of_o a_o usurper_n against_o the_o order_n of_o government_n and_o the_o royal_a authority_n consider_v in_o itself_o and_o not_o against_o the_o usurper_n person_n or_o government_n as_o such_o such_o be_v clip_v and_o coin_v betray_v any_o place_n of_o strength_n to_o any_o foreign_a prince_n invade_v the_o nation_n not_o on_o the_o lawful_a king_n behalf_n etc._n etc._n now_o these_o act_n may_v be_v allow_v as_o punishable_a under_o a_o usurper_n without_o imply_v a_o allowance_n of_o any_o authority_n in_o he_o for_o they_o be_v punish_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o lawful_a prince_n authority_n and_o without_o imply_v that_o the_o inferior_a magistrate_n under_o he_o have_v any_o legal_a or_o just_a commission_n any_o far_a than_o as_o they_o may_v be_v conceive_v to_o have_v the_o will_n and_o consent_v of_o the_o absent_a prince_n authorise_v they_o to_o execute_v justice_n upon_o such_o criminal_n or_o at_o least_o ratify_v the_o thing_n do_v think_v without_o a_o legal_a commission_n this_o i_o think_v proper_a to_o add_v for_o the_o far_a explanation_n of_o these_o passage_n to_o prevent_v their_o be_v mistake_v or_o pervert_v i_o have_v nothing_o more_o but_o to_o desire_v that_o they_o may_v be_v consider_v as_o concession_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o plea_n of_o bagott_n council_n which_o be_v so_o much_o insist_v upon_o for_o the_o lawfulness_n of_o transfer_v allegiance_n to_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o i_o have_v though_o it_o the_o fair_a way_n of_o answer_v the_o argument_n from_o that_o plea_n not_o to_o reject_v it_o where_o it_o seem_v not_o to_o be_v unreasonable_a but_o to_o show_v that_o the_o lawyer_n may_v have_v some_o reasonable_a ground_n to_o argue_v in_o that_o manner_n for_o the_o validity_n of_o bagott_n patent_n and_o yet_o their_o plea_n can_v be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o prove_v that_o allegiance_n be_v due_a to_o a_o king_n in_o possession_n if_o a_o usurper_n finis_fw-la errata_fw-la pag._n 9_o l._n 19_o after_o those_o add_v that_o p._n 33._o l._n 12._o for_o be_v r._n were_z p._n 38._o l._n 7._o for_o the_o r._n that_o ibid._n l._n 9_o for_o he_o r._n the._n p._n 41._o l._n 16._o for_o thus_o r._n this_o p._n 46._o l._n 22._o for_o rout_z r._n out_v ibid._n l._n 24._o for_o the_o r._n this_o p._n 47._o l._n 22._o marg._n for_o dit_n r._n vit._n p._n 49._o l._n 7_o marg._n for_o confident_a r._n considerate_a ibid._n l._n 17._o marg._n for_o 6._o r._n 9_o ibid_fw-la l._n 22._o for_o use_v the_o r._n use_v his_o p._n 53._o l._n 8._o after_o comprehend_v add_v both_o p._n 154_o l._n 7._o for_o noâ—_n r._n noâ—_n p._n 56._o l._n 28._o for_o mento_n r._n merito_fw-la
the_o case_n of_o allegiance_n to_o a_o king_n in_o possession_n print_a in_o the_o year_n 1690._o the_o case_n of_o allegiance_n to_o a_o king_n in_o possession_n by_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n may_v be_v mean_v first_o the_o person_n who_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o regal_a authority_n second_o the_o person_n who_o have_v the_o exercise_n of_o the_o government_n in_o his_o hand_n the_o king_n in_o possession_n in_o the_o former_a sense_n be_v only_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la i._n e._n he_o that_o have_v the_o true_a right_n and_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n for_o he_o be_v immediate_o invest_v with_o the_o regal_a authority_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o his_o predecessor_n before_o he_o be_v either_o crown_v or_o proclaim_v and_o though_o he_o be_v exclude_v or_o depose_v from_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o government_n by_o a_o rebellion_n or_o usurpation_n yet_o he_o be_v not_o thereupon_o devest_v of_o his_o authority_n but_o the_o question_n be_v of_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n in_o the_o other_o sense_n viz._n the_o person_n who_o have_v the_o exercise_n of_o the_o government_n in_o his_o hand_n whether_o though_o he_o be_v not_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la but_o a_o usurper_n and_o so_o have_v not_o the_o regal_a authority_n yet_o in_o as_o much_o as_o he_o have_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o kingly_a office_n the_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o bear_v faith_n and_o allegiance_n to_o he_o to_o state_n which_o question_v exact_o first_o it_o be_v not_o mean_v of_o this_o case_n namely_o where_o there_o be_v no_o person_n survive_v who_o have_v the_o right_a to_o the_o crown_n as_o suppose_v in_o a_o hereditary_a monarchy_n the_o whole_a royal_a line_n be_v extinct_a because_o here_o there_o be_v no_o dispute_n but_o the_o subject_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o bear_v faith_n and_o true_a allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n though_o he_o come_v in_o at_o first_o by_o usurpation_n for_o the_o whole_a royal_a line_n be_v extinct_a the_o subject_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o give_v themselves_o up_o to_o the_o usurper_n and_o his_o line_n and_o this_o it_o may_v be_v their_o duty_n to_o do_v to_o prevent_v that_o bloodshed_n and_o confusion_n which_o may_v follow_v upon_o their_o atten_n bring_v to_o set_v up_o another_o person_n or_o government_n and_o when_o they_o have_v thus_o give_v themselves_o up_o to_o the_o usurper_n he_o become_v from_o thenceforth_o king_n de_fw-la jure_fw-la and_o all_o faith_n and_o allegiance_n become_v due_a to_o he_o v._o sanderson_n de_fw-fr conscient_fw-la praelect_a 5._o sect._n 13._o 14._o second_o neither_o be_v the_o question_n mean_v of_o this_o case_n where_o there_o be_v one_o or_o more_o who_o pretend_v a_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n beside_o the_o possessor_n but_o it_o be_v not_o clear_v who_o have_v the_o true_a right_n and_o title_n for_o here_o also_o it_o be_v not_o dispute_v but_o the_o subject_n while_o they_o do_v know_v who_o have_v the_o right_a be_v to_o pay_v their_o allegiance_n to_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v not_o bare_o because_o he_o be_v king_n in_o possession_n but_o because_o he_o be_v in_o possession_n and_o no_o better_a title_n appear_v his_o title_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v just_a and_o lawful_a and_o so_o he_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v king_n not_o only_a de_fw-fr facto_fw-la but_o de_fw-la jure_fw-la till_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o some_o other_o person_n have_v a_o better_a right_o to_o the_o crown_n and_o this_o according_a to_o the_o old-rule_n in_o ribus_fw-la dubus_fw-la melior_fw-la est_fw-la conditio_fw-la possidentis_fw-la v._o sarderson_n de_fw-fr conscience_n prae_fw-la 5_o sect._n 15._o but_o three_o the_o question_n be_v proper_o mean_v of_o this_o case_n where_o a_o king_n who_o right_a to_o the_o crown_n be_v clear_a and_o undoubted_a be_v exclude_v or_o depose_v by_o a_o userper_n whether_o then_o the_o subject_n be_v to_o bear_v faith_n and_o allegiance_n to_o the_o usurper_n as_o king_n in_o possession_n and_o here_o it_o may_v be_v grant_v 1._o that_o the_o subject_n may_v lawful_o pay_v a_o submission_n and_o obedience_n under_o the_o usurper_n as_o to_o all_o those_o act_n of_o government_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o preservation_n and_o welfare_n of_o community_n and_o be_v not_o destructive_a of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_n right_a and_o interest_n as_o for_o instance_n the_o law_n make_v by_o the_o usurper_n for_o the_o public_a good_a the_o defence_n of_o the_o nation_n against_o a_o foreign_a invasion_n not_o make_v in_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la the_o execution_n of_o justice_n trade_n etc._n etc._n they_o may_v lawful_o submit_v to_o and_o obey_v these_o act_n of_o government_n under_o the_o usurper_n because_o this_o be_v no_o renounce_v of_o their_o allegiance_n to_o their_o lawful_a king_n nor_o act_v against_o his_o real_a interest_n but_o be_v consistent_a with_o their_o act_n still_o all_o that_o they_o be_v capable_a to_o do_v in_o the_o present_a circumstance_n for_o the_o restore_n of_o their_o lawful_a king_n and_o dethrone_v the_o usurper_n nay_o they_o may_v be_v oblige_v in_o duty_n to_o pay_v a_o obedience_n to_o the_o act_n of_o the_o usurper_n in_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n not_o by_o virtue_n of_o any_o authority_n in_o the_o usurper_n but_o first_o for_o their_o own_o safety_n and_o advantage_n second_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o community_n three_o because_o these_o act_n of_o government_n do_v by_o the_o usurper_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o lawful_a king_n he_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v to_o will_n and_o consent_v to_o whatever_o be_v do_v for_o the_o public_a good_a and_o not_o against_o his_o own_o interest_n though_o do_v by_o his_o enemy_n u._n sanders_n de_fw-fr conscient_fw-la prael_n 5_o sect._n 17_o 18_o etc._n etc._n he_o add_v another_o ground_n of_o this_o obligation_n the_o protection_n the_o subject_n have_v from_o the_o usurper_n but_o i_o think_v this_o lay_v no_o obligation_n upon_o they_o but_o in_o point_n of_o prudence_n for_o their_o own_o safety_n for_o they_o can_v be_v oblige_v to_o he_o in_o justice_n or_o gratitude_n for_o his_o protection_n who_o deprive_v they_o of_o a_o more_o legal_a protection_n from_o their_o rightful_a king_n second_o neither_o be_v it_o dispute_v but_o the_o subject_n while_o they_o have_v not_o number_n or_o force_v to_o oppose_v the_o usurper_n may_v sit_v down_o quiet_o and_o not_o make_v any_o resistance_n against_o such_o act_n of_o government_n as_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o right_n and_o interest_n of_o their_o lawful_a king_n because_o their_o make_v any_o opposition_n without_o sufficient_a force_n will_v be_v only_o to_o throw_v away_o their_o life_n and_o lose_v the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la so_o many_o loyal_a subject_n who_o may_v be_v ready_a to_o act_v for_o his_o service_n upon_o a_o fair_a opportunity_n but_o three_o the_o point_n in_o dispute_n be_v whether_o the_o subject_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o pay_v a_o full_a and_o entire_a submission_n and_o obedience_n to_o the_o usurper_n so_o as_o never_o to_o attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o he_o while_o he_o be_v in_o possession_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la upon_o the_o fair_a occasion_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o stand_v by_o he_o even_o against_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la himself_o with_o their_o life_n and_o fortune_n the_o affirmative_a be_v maintain_v now_o upon_o these_o ground_n first_o the_o authority_n of_o our_o great_a lawyer_n who_o make_v treason_n to_o â—â—e_z only_o against_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n whether_o he_o be_v king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la or_o no_o and_o not_o against_o a_o king_n out_o of_o possession_n though_o he_o be_v the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la second_o the_o statute_n 11_o h._n 7._o c._n 1._o which_o make_v the_o allegiance_n of_o the_o subject_n due_a to_o the_o king_n for_o the_o time_n be_v first_o the_o authority_n of_o our_o lawyer_n the_o lawyer_n quote_v for_o this_o opinion_n be_v the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n coke_n hale_n etc._n etc._n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hale_n say_v it_o in_o his_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n p._n 12._o but_o than_o it_o be_v much_o doubt_v whether_o that_o piece_n be_v his_o and_o he_o himself_o may_v be_v just_o look_v upon_o to_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n in_o this_o point_n because_o he_o will_v never_o be_v bring_v to_o try_v any_o etc._n any_o see_v his_o life_n by_o dr._n burnet_n p._n 36_o etc._n etc._n treason_n or_o other_o offence_n against_o the_o state_n when_o he_o be_v judge_n under_o oliver_n cromwell_n my_o lord_n coke_n say_v it_o in_o his_o institut_fw-la part_v 3d._n p._n 7._o in_o his_o comment_n upon_o the_o word_n signior_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr in_o the_o statute_n of_o treason_n 25_o edw._n 3._o c._n 2._o by_o which_o word_n he_o say_v be_v to_o
to_o have_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o invalid_a without_o this_o confirmation_n but_o though_o they_o may_v have_v stand_v good_a without_o it_o yet_o that_o will_v not_o have_v be_v by_o virtue_n of_o any_o authority_n in_o these_o king_n but_o upon_o account_n of_o the_o necessity_n of_o government_n and_o the_o presume_a consent_n of_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la exclude_v from_o their_o right_n it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v by_o hen._n 4._o 5._o 6._o be_v not_o confirm_v by_o the_o parliament_n 1._o ed._n 4._o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o that_o parliament_n look_v upon_o the_o statute_n make_v by_o a_o usurper_n and_o his_o parliament_n as_o good_a and_o effectual_a without_o the_o confirmation_n of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la i_o answer_v there_o be_v some_o of_o their_o act_n of_o parliament_n confirm_v there_o viz._n any_o act_n make_v by_o they_o for_o the_o sound_n any_o abbey_n religious_a house_n etc._n etc._n and_o any_o make_v for_o the_o town_n of_o shrewsbury_n and_o though_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o act_n of_o parliament_n may_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o valid_a without_o confirmation_n of_o ed._n 4._o yet_o their_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o valid_a be_v not_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o any_o authority_n in_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la sufficient_a to_o make_v they_o so_o for_o then_o that_o authority_n must_v have_v have_v the_o same_o effect_n in_o all_o their_o other_o act_n of_o government_n their_o judicial_a act_n grant_n letter_n patent_n etc._n etc._n as_o it_o have_v in_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v by_o they_o these_o instance_n from_o our_o statute_n and_o record_n of_o purliament_n may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v the_o contrary_a to_o what_o my_o lord_n coke_n give_v for_o law_n viz._n that_o treason_n do_v not_o lie_v only_o against_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n whether_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la or_o no_o i_o come_v therefore_o now_o to_o consider_v his_o proof_n of_o his_o assertion_n we_o have_v in_o his_o note_n upon_o the_o word_n signior_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr in_o the_o statute_n of_o treason_n first_o his_o main_a assertion_n that_o by_o those_o word_n be_v mean_v the_o king_n in_o possession_n only_o though_o he_o be_v de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o not_o the_o jure_fw-la and_o not_o the_o king_n out_o of_o possession_n though_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la and_o for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o he_o refer_v we_o in_o the_o margin_n to_o the_o stat._n 11._o h._n 7._o c._n 1._o second_o we_o have_v some_o other_o point_n of_o law_n which_o he_o bring_v to_o illustrate_v and_o confirm_v his_o main_a position_n viz._n that_o treason_n against_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la be_v punishable_a by_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o that_o a_o pardon_v grant_v by_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la that_o be_v not_o also_o the_o facto_fw-la be_v void_a and_o for_o the_o proof_n of_o these_o he_o refer_v to_o the_o year-book_n of_o law_n case_n 4_o ed._n 4._o 1._o and_o 9_o ed._n 4._o 1._o 2._o the_o stat._n 11_o h._n 7._o c._n 1._o which_o he_o refer_v to_o for_o his_o main_a position_n i_o have_v set_v down_o before_o as_o a_o distinct_a argument_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v infer_v that_o allegiance_n be_v due_a to_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v consider_v it_o apart_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n and_o consider_v here_o my_o lord_n coke_n secondary_a point_n that_o treason_n against_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la be_v punishable_a by_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la when_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o a_o pardon_v grant_v by_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la out_o of_o possession_n be_v void_a and_o they_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v consider_v first_o because_o if_o they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o trason_n lie_v against_o a_o king_n in_o possession_n only_o they_o prove_v that_o it_o do_v so_o by_o the_o common_a law_n before_o the_o statute_n of_o hen._n 7._o and_o so_o overthrow_v all_o that_o have_v be_v allege_v above_o to_o the_o contrary_n my_o lord_n coke_n reference_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o these_o point_n be_v to_o the_o 4_o ed._n 4._o 1._o and_o 9_o ed._n 4._o 1_o 2._o in_o the_o year-book_n under_o the_o first_o i_o find_v nothing_o of_o this_o nature_n and_o have_v some_o reason_n to_o think_v it_o be_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o with_o the_o latter_a but_o under_o the_o latter_a reference_n i_o find_v a_o plea_n in_o the_o case_n of_o one_o bagot_n and_o to_o clear_v that_o plea_n shall_v set_v down_o a_o short_a history_n of_o his_o case_n this_o bagott_n and_o one_o shyrenden_n be_v 6._o be_v 7_o e._n 4._o 29._o 9_o e._n 4._o 6._o disseize_v of_o the_o place_n of_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o one_o have_v and_o thereupon_o sue_v he_o ive_n plea_n against_o bagott_n be_v that_o he_o be_v a_o alien_n bear_v in_o normandy_n and_o so_o can_v not_o hold_v a_o place_n here_o be_v not_o the_o king_n liege_n subject_a bagott_n bring_v a_o 7._o a_o 7_o e._n 4_o 31._o 9_o e._n â—_o 7._o patent_n of_o naturalisation_n grant_v he_o by_o hen._n 6._o to_o which_o ive'_v council_n object_n that_o hen._n 6._o be_v only_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o not_o the_o jure_fw-la and_o that_o ed._n 4._o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la have_v in_o his_o first_o parliament_n declare_v what_o grant_v of_o hen._n 4_o 5_o 6._o king_n de_fw-mi facto_fw-la shall_v be_v valid_a and_o have_v not_o there_o make_v any_o provision_n to_o ratify_v any_o such_o grant_n as_o bagott_n patent_n be_v therefore_o his_o patent_n be_v null_a to_o this_o bagott_n council_n answer_n 1._o answer_n 9_o e._n 4._o 1._o that_o notwithstanding_o that_o act_n of_o ed._n 4._o in_o his_o first_o parliament_n hen._n 6._o letter_n patent_n be_v good_a because_o hen._n 6._o be_v king_n in_o possession_n and_o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o the_o realm_n have_v a_o king_n under_o who_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v uphold_v and_o maintain_v therefore_o though_o be_v be_v not_o king_n but_o only_o by_o usurpation_n yet_o every_o judicial_a act_n do_v by_o he_o touch_v the_o royal_a jurisdiction_n shall_v be_v good_a and_o shall_v bind_v the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la when_o he_o return_v to_o his_o crown_n they_o instance_n in_o pardon_n licenses_fw-la of_o alienation_n in_o mortmain_n grant_v of_o ward_n livery_n etc._n etc._n they_o urge_v also_o that_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la ed._n 4._o shall_v have_v the_o advantage_n of_o all_o forfeiture_n make_v to_o king_n hen._n 6._o and_o for_o a_o trespass_n commit_v in_o h._n 6_o this_o time_n the_o writ_n shall_v run_v contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la henrici_fw-la 6._o nuper_fw-la de_fw-la facto_fw-la &_o non_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v arraign_v of_o treason_n commit_v against_o hen._n 6._o in_o compass_v his_o death_n they_o urge_v also_o that_o any_o gift_n or_o grant_n make_v by_o king_n henry_n that_o be_v not_o to_o the_o diminution_n of_o the_o crown_n shall_v stand_v good_a etc._n etc._n the_o council_n on_o the_o other_o side_n plead_v that_o any_o common_a person_n desseize_v of_o his_o right_n and_o return_v again_o shall_v defeat_v all_o the_o mean_a act_n therefore_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la return_v invalidate_n all_o the_o act_n of_o the_o usurper_n etc._n etc._n but_o they_o do_v not_o make_v any_o direct_a reply_n to_o the_o argument_n of_o bagott_n council_n after_o that_o bagott_n council_n urge_v at_o another_o hear_n 2._o hear_n 9_o e._n 4._o 4._o 2._o that_o if_o ed._n 4._o in_o king_n hen._n 6_o time_n have_v grant_v a_o charter_n of_o pardon_n it_o will_v be_v void_a for_o every_o one_o that_o grant_v a_o charter_n of_o pardon_n ought_v to_o be_v king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la this_o be_v all_o the_o plea_n of_o council_n upon_o this_o point_n and_o all_o that_o i_o find_v of_o the_o judge_n be_v first_o that_o judge_n bill_v say_v 2._o say_v 9_o e._n 4._o 2._o that_o to_o every_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o office_n it_o belong_v to_o do_v act_n of_o justice_n and_o grace_n justice_n in_o execute_v the_o law_n grace_n in_o grant_v pardon_n to_o felon_n and_o such_o a_o legitimation_n as_o this_o of_o bagott_n then_o that_o the_o judge_n 2._o judge_n 9_o e._n 4._o 1_o 2._o after_o they_o have_v confer_v with_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n give_v judgement_n for_o bagott_n it_o appear_v upon_o the_o view_n of_o this_o account_n of_o the_o proceed_v that_o what_o my_o lord_n coke_n refer_v to_o here_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o argument_n of_o bagott_n council_n that_o their_o argument_n be_v main_o ground_v upon_o the_o necessity_n of_o government_n because_o there_o must_v be_v some_o king_n to_o
child_n that_o shall_v usurp_v the_o crown_n before_o their_o time_n how_o can_v this_o be_v understand_v with_o a_o reserve_n that_o if_o any_o of_o they_o shall_v usurp_v and_o get_v into_o the_o throne_n the_o subject_n than_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o abett_v and_o maintain_v they_o 3._o but_o 3_o lie_v the_o question_n be_v not_o so_o much_o whether_o the_o succeed_a king_n and_o parliament_n have_v repeal_v the_o statute_n 11_o h._n 7._o as_o whether_o they_o have_v not_o look_v upon_o it_o always_o as_o null_n and_o of_o no_o authority_n and_o i_o think_v their_o pass_a act_n of_o attaindor_n contrary_a to_o the_o letter_n of_o it_o and_o make_v it_o treason_n to_o stand_v by_o a_o usurper_n and_o oblige_v the_o subject_n to_o swear_v to_o defend_v the_o lawful_a king_n and_o the_o succession_n against_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o be_v a_o sufficient_a proof_n that_o our_o king_n and_o parliament_n ever_o since_o the_o 25_o the_o of_o hen._n 8._o have_v look_v upon_o the_o statute_n 11_o h._n 7._o as_o of_o no_o authority_n and_o in_o effect_n declare_v it_o to_o be_v null_n and_o invalid_a ii_o but_o grant_v that_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v by_o a_o legal_a authority_n and_o have_v stand_v ever_o since_o unrepealed_a i_o proceed_v to_o show_v in_o the_o second_o place_n that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o in_o itself_o null_a and_o invalid_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o a_o statute_n though_o make_v at_o first_o by_o a_o lawful_a authority_n and_o not_o after_o repeal_v by_o any_o subsequent_a parliament_n may_v yet_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o null_n and_o invallid_a if_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o be_v impossible_a or_o unjust_a if_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o common_a sense_n or_o contrary_n to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n so_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n coke_n observe_v inflit._n p._n 2._o p._n 587._o in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o stat._n de_fw-fr asportatis_fw-la religiosorum_fw-la one_o branch_n of_o which_o statute_n he_o say_v be_v declare_v by_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n to_o be_v void_a because_o impossible_a and_o inconvenient_a to_o be_v observe_v and_o quote_v bracton_n for_o the_o property_n of_o a_o law_n lex_fw-la est_fw-la sanctio_fw-la justa_fw-la jubens_fw-la honesta_fw-la &_o prohibens_fw-la contraria_fw-la it_o may_v be_v therefore_o a_o sufficient_a proof_n of_o the_o nullity_n of_o this_o statute_n that_o it_o be_v not_o as_o bracton_n require_v sanctio_n justa_fw-la jubens_fw-la honesta_fw-la &_o prohibens_fw-la contraria_fw-la but_o rather_o as_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o show_v a_o statute_n establish_v iniquity_n by_o a_o law_n for_o it_o either_o deve_v the_o lawful_a king_n of_o his_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o give_v it_o to_o the_o usurper_n or_o it_o still_o reserve_v his_o right_n to_o he_o but_o yet_o notwithstanding_o order_v the_o subject_n to_o obey_v and_o stand_v by_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n though_o a_o usurper_n the_o first_o of_o these_o can_v fair_o be_v pretend_v for_o if_o it_o give_v away_o the_o right_n of_o the_o lawful_a king_n then_o 1_o st_z he_o cease_v to_o be_v king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la the_o lawful_a and_o rightful_a king_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o this_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o what_o our_o lawyer_n allow_v take_v away_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o whole_a dispute_n the_o distinction_n between_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la and_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la 2_o lie_v he_o can_v then_o just_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o nation_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o crown_n but_o must_v sit_v down_o quiet_o by_o his_o loss_n and_o be_v answerable_a for_o all_o the_o blood_n that_o be_v shed_v in_o the_o war_n he_o make_v if_o he_o attempt_v to_o restore_v himself_o by_o a_o foreign_a force_n for_o if_o his_o right_n be_v tranfer_v he_o can_v then_o just_o demand_v the_o subject_n allegiance_n and_o what_o he_o can_v just_o demand_v that_o he_o have_v no_o right_a to_o use_v force_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o and_o therefore_o must_v be_v content_a to_o stay_v till_o the_o usurper_n die_v and_o then_o perhaps_o his_o right_n may_v revive_v again_o unless_o the_o usurper_n be_v so_o wise_a as_o to_o provide_v himself_o a_o successor_n and_o leave_v he_o in_o possession_n 3_o lie_n it_o will_v follow_v if_o this_o statute_n give_v away_o the_o right_n of_o the_o lawful_a king_n to_o the_o usurper_n that_o one_o king_n with_o his_o parliament_n may_v make_v a_o statute_n to_o alienate_v and_o transfer_v the_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n from_o those_o that_o be_v the_o lawful_a king_n by_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o realm_n to_o such_o as_o by_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n be_v not_o the_o lawful_a king_n but_o usurper_n now_o this_o i_o conceive_v be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o any_o king_n and_o parliament_n however_o legal_a much_o less_o of_o such_o as_o henry_n 7_o the_o and_o his_o parliament_n be_v we_o have_v a_o fundamental_a constitution_n whereby_o england_n be_v determine_v to_o be_v a_o monarchy_n and_o that_o antecedent_o to_o any_o statute_n lan._n this_o constitution_n ve_v a_o right_a in_o some_o certain_a person_n in_o every_o age_n who_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o right_o vest_v in_o he_o the_o lawful_a and_o rightful_a king_n of_o this_o realm_n whether_o this_o person_n be_v he_o next_o in_o blood_n to_o the_o former_a king_n or_o another_o of_o the_o royal_a line_n to_o who_o the_o crown_n descend_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o limitation_n of_o the_o succession_n from_o the_o next_o in_o blood_n to_o he_o for_o whether_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o of_o these_o be_v the_o rightful_a king_n he_o be_v so_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n which_o ve_v the_o right_a to_o the_o crown_n in_o he_o now_o for_o any_o one_o king_n with_o a_o parliament_n to_o make_v a_o law_n that_o for_o the_o future_a not_o the_o next_o heir_n of_o the_o blood_n nor_o any_o other_o to_o who_o the_o succession_n be_v limit_v but_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o that_o shall_v get_v into_o possession_n of_o the_o throne_n though_o it_o be_v by_o depose_v a_o rightful_a king_n regnant_a and_o usurp_a his_o crown_n shall_v from_o thence_o forth_o become_v the_o rightful_a and_o lawful_a king_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o prince_n that_o he_o have_v dispossess_v be_v devolve_v upon_o the_o usurper_n be_v effectual_o to_o subvert_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n regnant_a and_o his_o parliament_n to_o do_v this_o than_o it_o follow_v that_o any_o king_n with_o a_o parliament_n may_v deprive_v the_o lawful_a issue_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o set_v up_o a_o bastard_n of_o his_o own_o that_o they_o may_v exclude_v and_o disinherit_v the_o whole_a royal_a line_n and_o entail_v the_o crown_n upon_o the_o king_n of_o france_n or_o any_o other_o foreign_a prince_n they_o may_v lay_v aside_o the_o whole_a right_n of_o succession_n and_o make_v the_o monarchy_n elective_a that_o they_o may_v change_v the_o form_n of_o the_o government_n into_o a_o republic_n and_o make_v the_o king_n no_o more_o than_o consul_n or_o duke_n of_o venice_n and_o vest_n the_o supreme_a authority_n in_o the_o senate_n or_o people_n in_o short_a that_o england_n be_v no_o long_o a_o monarchy_n or_o hereditary_a than_o the_o king_n regnant_a and_o his_o parliament_n please_v and_o yet_o if_o these_o thing_n be_v do_v by_o any_o king_n and_o parliament_n i_o believe_v it_o will_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o injury_n to_o the_o subsequent_a king_n or_o to_o the_o royal_a line_n and_o they_o will_v be_v justify_v if_o they_o will_v not_o allow_v any_o such_o statute_n to_o have_v any_o force_n but_o protest_v against_o it_o as_o illegal_a and_o of_o no_o authority_n and_o yet_o all_o this_o may_v be_v do_v according_a to_o law_n if_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n have_v a_o power_n to_o alienate_v and_o transfer_v the_o right_n of_o all_o the_o subsequent_a lawful_a king_n to_o any_o usurper_n that_o shall_v be_v strong_a enough_o to_o depose_v or_o exclude_v they_o but_o i_o need_v not_o to_o have_v prove_v this_o which_o be_v suppose_v in_o the_o question_n viz._n that_o this_o statute_n do_v not_o give_v away_o the_o right_n of_o the_o lawful_a king_n depose_v or_o exclude_v but_o still_o leave_v he_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la and_o reserve_v to_o he_o a_o right_a to_o claim_v and_o recover_v his_o crown_n only_o it_o oblige_v the_o subject_n notwithstanding_o to_o stand_v by_o the_o king_n in_o possession_n though_o a_o usurper_n i_o shall_v therefore_o proceed_v upon_o this_o supposition_n and_o show_v that_o this_o statute_n as_o it_o require_v the_o subject_n to_o stand_v by_o the_o usurper_n in_o possession_n against_o their_o rightful_a and_o