Selected quad for the lemma: justice_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
justice_n	chief_a	master_n	roll_n	2,746	5	11.2200	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A65445	The office and dutie of execvtors, or, A treatise of wils and executors, directed to testators in the choise of their executors and contrivance of their wills with direction for executors in the execution of their office, according to the law, and for creditors in the recovery of their debts : expressing the duty, right, interest, power and authority of executors, and how they may behave themselves in the office of executorship : with divers other particulars very usefull, profitable, and behovefull for all persons, be they either executors, creditors or debtors : compiled out of the body of the common-law, with mention of such statutes as are incident hereunto.	Wentworth, Thomas, 1568?-1628.; Doddridge, John, Sir, 1555-1628.	1641 (1641)	Wing W1358; ESTC R15205	180,173	328

before_o have_v be_v show_v so_o as_o if_o one_o give_v i_o his_o white_a horse_n or_o black_a cow_n by_o will_n or_o any_o other_o well_o know_v thing_n i_o can_v after_o his_o death_n take_v it_o eliz._n though_o i_o come_v where_o it_o be_v but_o be_o punishable_a by_o action_n of_o trespass_n at_o the_o executor_n suit_n if_o he_o do_v not_o assent_v yet_o a_o executor_n before_o the_o will_v prove_v may_v give_v this_o assent_n and_o it_o will_v stand_v good_a yea_o although_o he_o die_v after_o any_o of_o these_o act_n do_v the_o will_n be_v never_o prove_v by_o he_o yet_o do_v these_o act_n so_o do_v stand_v firm_a and_o good_a as_o i_o take_v it_o yet_o as_o i_o find_v a_o executor_n make_v his_o will_n and_o die_v before_o he_o have_v prove_v the_o will_n of_o his_o testator_n his_o executor_n may_v not_o prove_v both_o the_o will_n and_o so_o become_v executor_n to_o both_o the_o testator_n 372._o but_o in_o case_n the_o good_n be_v after_o debt_n pay_v bequeath_v to_o the_o executor_n his_o executor_n may_v take_v administration_n of_o the_o first_o testator_n good_n with_o the_o will_v annex_v as_o by_o doctor_n drury_n be_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n declare_v to_o be_v the_o law_n and_o course_n of_o the_o court_n spiritual_a to_o which_o credit_n be_v give_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o our_o law_n and_o the_o court_n of_o star-chamber_n for_o though_o the_o book_n do_v not_o mention_v it_o to_o have_v be_v in_o star-chamber_n it_o be_v elsewhere_o so_o report_v yea_o a_o executor_n for_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n take_v from_o he_o fox_n or_o a_o trespass_n do_v upon_o the_o lease_n land_n or_o a_o distrayn_v or_o impound_v of_o good_n or_o cattle_n may_v maintain_v before_o the_o will_v be_v prove_v action_n of_o trespass_n or_o replevin_n or_o detinue_v for_o these_o action_n arise_v upon_o the_o executor_n own_o possession_n but_o before_o the_o prove_v of_o a_o will_n a_o executor_n can_v maintain_v a_o suit_n or_o action_n of_o debt_n or_o the_o like_a and_o the_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o therein_o he_o must_v show_v forth_o the_o will_v prove_v under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o ordinary_a and_o so_o as_o i_o take_v it_o must_v it_o be_v if_o he_o bring_v any_o action_n for_o trespass_v do_v or_o good_n take_v in_o the_o testator_n life_n time_n so_o as_o the_o testator_n himself_o be_v entitle_v to_o the_o action_n and_o it_o grow_v not_o upon_o the_o executor_n possession_n a._n i_o find_v that_o a_o executor_n grant_v the_o next_o avoidance_n of_o a_o church_n which_o to_o he_o come_v from_o the_o testator_n the_o grantee_n mainetain_v a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la without_o show_v forth_o the_o will_n a._n but_o the_o executor_n himself_o may_v so_o have_v do_v as_o of_o his_o own_o possession_n before_o the_o will_v prove_v and_o so_o without_o show_v it_o under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o spiritual_a court_n as_o well_o as_o action_n of_o trespass_n or_o replevin_n for_o good_n take_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n yet_o in_o the_o principal_a case_n of_o greysbrooke_n and_o fox_n which_o be_v a_o action_n of_o detinue_n by_o the_o executor_n for_o good_n take_v or_o detain_v after_o the_o testator_n death_n b._n the_o plaintiff_n do_v show_v forth_o the_o will_v prove_v but_o that_o prove_v not_o any_o necessity_n thereof_o or_o that_o if_o the_o will_n have_v not_o be_v prove_v it_o can_v be_v no_o hurt_n to_o show_v it_o forth_o so_o upon_o his_o own_o contract_n for_o the_o testator_n good_n as_o if_o the_o executor_n sell_v cattle_n or_o other_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n before_o the_o will_v prove_v he_o may_v for_o the_o money_n payable_a maintain_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n before_o he_o have_v prove_v any_o will_n and_o in_o this_o and_o the_o action_n of_o trespass_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o name_v he_o executor_n also_o on_o the_o other_a side_n a_o executor_n may_v well_o enough_o be_v sue_v for_o debt_n of_o the_o testator_n before_o the_o will_v be_v prove_v for_o he_o may_v not_o by_o his_o own_o act_n of_o delay_v the_o probate_n of_o the_o will_n keep_v off_o suit_n except_o he_o will_v refuse_v in_o due_a manner_n that_o so_o administration_n be_v grant_v there_o may_v be_v some_o body_n suable_a by_o the_o testator_n creditor_n for_o debt_n by_o he_o owe_a and_o the_o usual_a plea_n of_o the_o defendant_n to_o estrange_v himself_o from_o the_o testament_n be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o have_v administer_v as_o executor_n so_o as_o if_o he_o either_o be_v executor_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la or_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la by_o his_o own_o act_n of_o administer_a it_o suffice_v of_o refusal_n to_o prove_v the_o will_n and_o therein_o of_o administration_n foreclude_v refusal_n now_o touch_v this_o other_o point_n fit_a to_o be_v think_v of_o before_o we_o meddle_v with_o the_o probate_n viz_o refusal_n to_o prove_v we_o will_v thereabouts_o consider_v these_o several_a part_n viz._n first_o how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n refusal_n may_v or_o must_v be_v second_o in_o what_o case_n or_o in_o respect_n of_o what_o act_n one_o name_v executor_n have_v lose_v or_o determine_v his_o election_n of_o refusal_n or_o acceptance_n three_o of_o what_o effect_n and_o operation_n the_o refusal_n be_v what_o difference_n where_o all_o the_o executor_n refuse_v and_o where_o but_o some_o or_o one_o of_o they_o four_o what_o relation_n it_o have_v now_o touch_v the_o first_o 14._o the_o ordinary_a before_o commit_v administration_n where_o a_o will_n be_v make_v and_o executor_n name_v if_o he_o know_v of_o it_o 47._o must_v send_v out_o process_n against_o the_o executor_n 14._o to_o come_v in_o and_o prove_v it_o and_o if_o they_o do_v not_o come_v 281._o they_o be_v to_o be_v excommunicate_a but_o if_o they_o do_v come_v if_o they_o nor_o any_o of_o they_o will_v prove_v by_o reason_n of_o such_o refusal_n the_o ordinary_a may_v commit_v administration_n perhaps_o also_o they_o may_v be_v appoint_v executor_n at_o a_o time_n future_a and_o not_o present_o now_o refusal_n can_v be_v verbal_o or_o by_o word_n but_o it_o must_v be_v by_o some_o act_n enter_v or_o record_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n executorship_n and_o therefore_o must_v be_v do_v before_o some_o judge_n spiritual_a and_o not_o before_o neighbour_n in_o the_o country_n for_o that_o be_v not_o effectual_a yet_o sir_n ralph_n rowlett_n make_v the_o lord_n keeper_n bacon_n catlin_n chief_a justice_n and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o roll_n executor_n they_o write_v a_o letter_n to_o the_o ordinary_a that_o they_o can_v not_o attend_v the_o executorship_n and_o therefore_o wish_v he_o to_o commit_v administration_n who_o do_v so_o make_v every_o of_o their_o refusal_n and_o this_o be_v hold_v good_a so_o as_o a_o lease_n be_v by_o that_o will_v bequeath_v to_o catlin_n and_o he_o after_o this_o refusal_n enter_v and_o assign_v it_o to_o one_o and_o the_o administrator_n assign_v it_o to_o another_o it_o come_v in_o question_n between_o they_o whether_o have_v best_a right_n come_v and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o assignee_n of_o the_o administrator_n against_o catiline_n assignee_n whereas_o if_o the_o refusal_n have_v be_v void_a catlin_n have_v continue_v executor_n and_o so_o his_o title_n have_v be_v better_a first_o in_o case_n the_o ordinary_a himself_o canterbury_n be_v make_v executor_n there_o say_v the_o book_n he_o may_v refuse_v before_o his_o commissary_n and_o so_o be_v it_o there_o plead_v for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o be_v make_v executor_n to_o sir_n william_n oldhalle_n what_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o meddle_v or_o administer_a by_o a_o executor_n that_o he_o can_v refuse_v after_o as_o to_o the_o second_o admin_n where_o a_o executor_n have_v administer_v he_o can_v afterward_o refuse_v b._n because_o he_o have_v already_o accept_v of_o the_o executorship_n and_o so_o determine_v his_o election_n at_o least_o the_o ordinary_n ought_v not_o to_o accept_v of_o such_o refusal_n but_o shall_v compel_v he_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o executorship_n as_o the_o law_n be_v take_v both_o in_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 4._o and_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n eliz_n yet_o if_o the_o ordinary_a do_v admit_v one_o to_o refuse_v notwithstanding_o that_o he_o have_v administer_v this_o stand_v good_a as_o it_o seem_v conceive_v by_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 6._o 8._o for_o there_o the_o executor_n command_v one_o to_o take_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o i._o s._n who_o do_v according_o and_o afterward_o the_o executor_n refuse_v before_o the_o ordinary_a and_o administration_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o say_v i._o s._n who_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o the_o party_n so_o take_v the_o good_n from_o

upon_o a_o statute_n and_o if_o they_o have_v no_o warning_n in_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la purpose_n but_o upon_o nihil_fw-la return_v the_o judgement_n pass_v there_o also_o the_o executor_n may_v be_v relieve_v by_o audita_fw-la querela_fw-la because_o there_o be_v no_o default_n in_o he_o that_o he_o do_v not_o plead_v or_o set_v forth_o the_o judgement_n upon_o the_o suit_n in_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la nor_o will_v it_o be_v any_o plea_n for_o the_o creditor_n by_o statute_n to_o say_v that_o his_o statute_n be_v acknowledge_v before_o the_o judgement_n 59_o and_o so_o be_v more_o ancient_a circiter_fw-la for_o a_o latter_a or_o more_o puisne_n judgement_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o a_o statute_n in_o time_n precedent_n but_o if_o this_o judgement_n be_v satisfy_v and_o it_o only_o keep_v on_o foot_n to_o wrong_v other_o creditor_n 28._o or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o defeasance_n of_o the_o judgement_n yet_o in_o force_n 132._o than_o the_o judgement_n will_v not_o avail_v to_o keep_v off_o other_o creditor_n from_o their_o debt_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v debt_n by_o judgement_n viz._n how_o they_o stand_v in_o priority_n before_o other_o debt_n by_o statute_n or_o recognizance_n now_o to_o see_v how_o they_o stand_v among_o themselves_o let_v this_o be_v observe_v viz._n that_o between_o one_o judgement_n and_o another_o have_v against_o the_o testator_n eliz._n precedency_n or_o priority_n of_o time_n be_v not_o material_a hold_v but_o he_o which_o first_o sue_v execution_n must_v be_v prefer_v and_o before_o any_o execution_n sue_v it_o be_v at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o executor_n to_o pay_v who_o he_o will_v first_o yea_o if_o each_o bring_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la upon_o his_o judgement_n the_o executor_n may_v yet_o confess_v the_o action_n of_o which_o he_o will_v first_o notwithstanding_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v bring_v by_o the_o one_o before_o the_o other_o in_o this_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v general_o that_o he_o have_v full_o administer_v before_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la bring_v without_o show_v that_o he_o do_v administer_v in_o payment_n of_o debt_n of_o as_o high_a nature_n yet_o that_o must_v be_v prove_v upon_o the_o evidence_n else_o the_o trial_n will_v fall_v out_o against_o the_o executor_n thus_o have_v i_o deliver_v the_o most_o material_a thing_n in_o my_o apprehension_n touch_v debt_n by_o judgement_n yet_o thereabouts_o i_o will_v add_v for_o the_o better_a information_n of_o the_o reader_n not_o study_v in_o the_o law_n these_o few_o thing_n first_o that_o what_o have_v be_v say_v be_v only_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o judgement_n against_o the_o testator_n and_o not_o of_o any_o against_o the_o executor_n himself_o for_o of_o those_o be_v but_o debt_n by_o specialty_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o testator_n death_n we_o shall_v speak_v after_o second_o what_o be_v say_v of_o the_o testator_n in_o case_n of_o a_o executor_n immediate_a be_v likewise_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o testator_n testator_n in_o case_n of_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o executor_n for_o where_o a._n make_v b._n executor_n and_o b._n make_v c._n executor_n there_o the_o good_n which_o come_v from_o or_o be_v leave_v by_o a._n be_v not_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o c._n liable_a to_o judgement_n have_v against_o b._n nor_o on_o the_o otherside_n be_v the_o good_n of_o b._n in_o the_o hand_n of_o c._n subject_n to_o the_o judgement_n have_v against_o a._n and_o the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o statute_n recognizance_n and_o bond_n as_o elsewhere_o be_v somewhat_o touch_v 15._o three_o recovery_n or_o judgement_n by_o mere_a confession_n without_o defence_n be_v yet_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o to_o have_v the_o same_o respect_n as_o other_o recovery_n upon_o trial_n or_o otherwise_o for_o although_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v but_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o recognizance_n which_o be_v debita_fw-la recognita_fw-la 183._o yet_o do_v they_o differ_v from_o they_o in_o that_o here_o a_o debt_n be_v demand_v by_o a_o declaration_n which_o be_v intend_v true_a &_o that_o therefore_o the_o defendant_n can_v deny_v it_o but_o in_o case_n of_o a_o recognizance_n it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o there_o usual_o no_o action_n be_v enter_v nor_o debt_n demand_v four_o the_o foreshow_v respect_n to_o debt_n by_o judgement_n be_v not_o to_o be_v enclose_v within_o westminster_n hall-and_a be_v restrain_v to_o the_o four_o court_n there_o but_o may_v and_o must_v extend_v itself_o to_o judgement_n in_o other_o court_n of_o record_n viz._n in_o city_n and_o town_n corporate_a have_v power_n by_o charter_n or_o prescription_n to_o hold_v plea_n of_o debt_n above_o forty_o shilling_n as_o in_o london_n oxford_n etc._n etc._n for_o although_o there_o execution_n can_v be_v have_v of_o any_o other_o good_n than_o such_o as_o be_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o that_o court_n yet_o if_o the_o record_n be_v remove_v into_o the_o chancery_n by_o certiorari_fw-la and_o thence_o by_o mittimus_fw-la into_o one_o of_o the_o bench_n so_o execution_n may_v be_v have_v upon_o any_o good_n in_o any_o county_n of_o england_n five_o in_o case_n where_o the_o testator_n be_v bind_v in_o a_o recognizance_n and_o a_o sci._n fac_fw-la bring_v against_o he_o and_o thereupon_o judgement_n give_v although_o this_o judgement_n be_v not_o quod_fw-la recuperet_fw-la after_o as_o in_o case_n of_o action_n of_o debt_n but_o quod_fw-la habent_fw-la exeti●nem_fw-la yet_o since_o execution_n be_v the_o life_n fruit_n and_o effect_n of_o all_o judgement_n this_o may_v now_o well_o stand_v for_o a_o debt_n by_o judgement_n as_o i_o take_v it_o of_o recognizance_n and_o statute_n next_o unto_o debt_n by_o judgement_n be_v those_o by_o statute_n or_o recognizance_n to_o be_v regard_v by_o the_o executor_n and_o because_o i_o find_v no_o difference_n of_o priority_n or_o precedency_n between_o these_o two_o i_o therefore_o rank_n they_o together_o yet_o one_o reason_n of_o preferment_n give_v to_o judgement_n before_o statute_n in_o harison_n case_n viz._n that_o the_o one_o remain_v a_o record_n upon_o the_o roll_n in_o the_o king_n court_n whereas_o the_o other_o be_v carry_v in_o the_o pocket_n of_o the_o counisee_fw-mi be_v more_o private_a this_o i_o say_v shall_v give_v priority_n also_o to_o recognizance_n before_o statute_n as_o also_o another_o reason_n for_o that_o statute_n be_v not_o proper_o record_n but_o obligation_n record_v yet_o do_v i_o not_o find_v that_o this_o make_v a_o difference_n for_o priority_n of_o payment_n and_o indeed_o the_o statute_n be_v the_o more_o expedite_a remedy_n since_o thereupon_o execution_n may_v be_v take_v out_o without_o any_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la or_o other_o suit_n which_o can_v be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o recognizance_n for_o there_o if_o a_o year_n be_v pass_v after_o the_o acknowledgement_n no_o execution_n can_v be_v sue_v out_o against_o the_o party_n himself_o acknowledge_v it_o without_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la first_fw-mi sue_v out_o against_o he_o and_o if_o he_o be_v dead_a then_o though_o the_o year_n be_v not_o past_a yet_o must_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v sue_v and_o thereupon_o the_o executor_n defendant_n may_v plead_v some_o plea_n to_o hold_v off_o the_o execution_n for_o a_o time_n but_o this_o notwithstanding_o the_o executor_n may_v satisfy_v the_o recognizance_n before_o the_o statute_n good_a at_o least_o if_o he_o do_v it_o before_o execution_n sue_v thereupon_o for_o they_o stand_v in_o equal_a degree_n it_o be_v at_o his_o election_n to_o give_v precedency_n and_o preferment_n to_o whether_o he_o will_n neither_o be_v it_o material_a which_o of_o they_o be_v first_o or_o more_o ancient_a nor_o between_o one_o statute_n &_o another_o do_v the_o time_n or_o antiquity_n give_v any_o advantage_n as_o touch_v the_o good_n though_o as_o touch_v the_o land_n of_o the_o conusor_n it_o do_v but_o as_o for_o his_o good_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o executor_n whosoever_o first_o get_v hold_v of_o they_o by_o his_o execution_n shall_v have_v the_o preferment_n and_o before_o sue_v of_o execution_n the_o executor_n may_v give_v precedence_n or_o preferment_n to_o who_o he_o will_n but_o now_o some_o may_v object_v that_o there_o be_v no_o course_n nor_o write_v of_o execution_n for_o any_o such_o counisee_fw-mi against_o the_o executor_n and_o if_o so_o than_o statute_n merchant_n and_o of_o the_o staple_n be_v in_o vain_a speak_v of_o and_o it_o be_v true_a that_o master_n brook_n after_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o his_o new_a case_n profess_v 43_o that_o he_o know_v not_o any_o remedy_n for_o the_o creditor_n out_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o conusor_n after_o his_o death_n but_o if_o this_o shall_v be_v so_o the_o law_n be_v very_o defective_a since_o the_o substance_n of_o many_o especial_o of_o merchant_n for_o and_o among_o who_o

he_o and_o there_o the_o refusal_n and_o commit_v administration_n be_v admit_v to_o be_v good_a so_o perhaps_o factum_fw-la valet_fw-la quod_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la debuit_fw-la and_o it_o well_o may_v be_v that_o the_o ordinary_a do_v not_o know_v of_o the_o executor_n such_o intermeddle_v at_o the_o time_n when_o he_o do_v admit_v of_o his_o refusal_n after_o refusal_n and_o administration_n commit_v the_o executor_n can_v go_v back_o to_o prove_v the_o will_n and_o assume_v the_o executorship_n but_o if_o only_a upon_o the_o executor_n make_v default_n to_o come_v in_o upon_o process_n to_o prove_v the_o will_n the_o administration_n be_v commit_v here_o the_o executor_n may_v yet_o at_o any_o time_n after_o come_v and_o prove_v the_o will_n eliz_n and_o so_o undo_v the_o administration_n as_o be_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n resolve_v between_o bale_n and_o baxter_n but_o what_o if_o after_o refusal_n it_o shall_v appear_v to_o the_o ordinary_a that_o the_o executor_n have_v administer_v before_o his_o refusal_n so_o as_o have_v it_o be_v then_o know_v the_o ordinary_n shall_v not_o have_v admit_v he_o to_o refuse_v whether_o now_o may_v he_o revoke_v his_o administration_n for_o it_o be_v revokeable_a and_o enforce_v the_o executor_n to_o proceed_v to_o prove_v of_o the_o will._n and_o sure_o i_o think_v he_o may_v for_o that_o the_o executor_n by_o administer_a reg_fw-la have_v determine_v his_o election_n and_o accept_v the_o office_n of_o executorship_n now_o he_o can_v both_o except_v and_o refuse_v beside_o we_o know_v that_o creditor_n may_v maintain_v their_o suit_n against_o he_o have_v once_o administer_v the_o common_a plea_n to_o free_v himself_o and_o show_v that_o he_o be_v not_o the_o party_n suable_a for_o the_o testator_n debt_n be_v that_o he_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o ever_o do_v administer_v as_o executor_n wherefore_o he_o have_v administer_v it_o will_v be_v find_v against_o he_o now_o it_o be_v not_o congruous_a that_o in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n there_o shall_v be_v no_o executor_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o court_n of_o westminster_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o executor_n but_o since_o this_o point_n of_o administer_a be_v so_o material_a to_o the_o point_n of_o be_v admit_v or_o not_o admit_v to_o refuse_v we_o will_v here_o consider_v in_o this_o place_n brief_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o administration_n by_o a_o executor_n 7._o determine_v his_o election_n and_o disable_n his_o refusal_n and_o what_o not_o 1._o some_o will_v perhaps_o conceive_v that_o the_o act_n of_o the_o executor_n in_o the_o forementioned_a case_n where_o he_o only_o command_v i._o s._n to_o take_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n out_o of_o a_o stranger_n hand_n be_v no_o administration_n and_o it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o that_o book_n it_o be_v pass_v in_o silence_n and_o not_o express_o say_v to_o be_v a_o administration_n but_o the_o lord_n dyer_n in_o the_o case_n of_o gr●isbrooke_n and_o fox_n speak_v of_o that_o case_n say_v express_o that_o the_o ordinary_n may_v there_o have_v reject_v the_o executor_n refusal_n for_o say_v he_o when_o the_o executor_n have_v once_o intermedle_v he_o shall_v not_o have_v be_v suffer_v to_o refuse_v so_o as_o he_o do_v clear_o admit_v that_o to_o have_v be_v a_o administration_n 5._o and_o else_o where_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o if_o a_o executor_n take_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o convert_v they_o to_o his_o own_o use_n this_o be_v a_o administration_n yea_o if_o he_o do_v but_o take_v they_o into_o his_o hand_n say_v some_o without_o convert_v of_o they_o if_o the_o wife_n take_v more_o apparel_n of_o her_o own_o than_o be_v necessary_a 5._o this_o be_v a_o administration_n 20._o as_o the_o book_n admit_v but_o if_o by_o the_o assent_n 8._o or_o delivery_n of_o the_o executor_n it_o be_v not_o more_o clear_o if_o one_o do_v either_o pay_v debt_n of_o the_o testator_n 166._o or_o receive_v debt_n 91._o or_o make_v acquittance_n for_o they_o 135_o or_o demand_v the_o testator_n debt_n as_o executor_n 8._o or_o give_v away_o good_n which_o be_v the_o testator_n 63._o or_o deliver_v money_n of_o the_o testator_n for_o fee_n about_o prove_v the_o will_n all_o these_o be_v full_a and_o clear_a administration_n as_o executor_n 5._o but_o say_v f●tzherb_n if_o he_o only_o lay_v out_o his_o own_o money_n for_o fee_n a._n this_o be_v no_o administration_n so_o say_v fr●wicke_n if_o he_o pay_v debt_n with_o his_o own_o money_n and_o if_o he_o do_v it_o about_o the_o funeral_n but_o some_o difference_n may_v be_v between_o act_n do_v by_o one_o name_v executor_n and_o by_o a_o stranger_n viz._n to_o make_v he_o a_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v after_o not_o in_o this_o place_n 13._o if_o one_o be_v sue_v as_o executor_n 4._o take_v it_o upon_o he_o and_o plead_v in_o bar_n as_o a_o executor_n this_o be_v a_o administration_n of_o the_o force_n and_o effect_n of_o refusal_n as_o to_o the_o three_o point_n viz._n the_o force_n or_o effect_v of_o refusal_n first_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o if_o there_o be_v but_o one_o executor_n and_o he_o do_v refuse_v or_o be_v many_o if_o they_o do_v all_o refuse_v then_o be_v the_o party_n dead_a intestate_a and_o administration_n be_v to_o be_v commit_v with_o the_o will_v annex_v as_o be_v before_o say_v nor_o can_v any_o after_o meddle_v as_o executor_n but_o in_o case_n there_o be_v divers_a executor_n viz._n a._n b_o and_o c._n and_o a._n only_o refuse_v and_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v by_o the_o other_o there_o a._n continue_v a_o executor_n notwithstanding_o his_o refusal_n 2d_o so_o as_o he_o still_o may_v release_v debt_n of_o the_o testator_n 8●7_n and_o debt_n owe_v by_o the_o testator_n may_v be_v release_v to_o he_o yea_o if_o suit_n be_v to_o be_v have_v 19_o by_o or_o against_o the_o executor_n 8._o it_o shall_v not_o be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o b._n and_o c._n only_o 〈◊〉_d but_o a._n also_o must_v be_v name_v as_o a_o plaintiff_n 24._o or_o defendant_n else_o the_o action_n may_v be_v overthrow_v for_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v all_o the_o executor_n therein_o name_v stand_v and_o continue_v executor_n notwithstanding_o any_o of_o their_o refusal_n as_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n according_a to_o divers_a former_a resolution_n and_o therefore_o this_o executor_n which_o have_v refuse_v may_v afterward_o administer_v at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o intermeddle_v with_o the_o good_n 37._o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o yet_o say_v brooke_n chief_a justice_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o companion_n he_o can_v so_o do_v but_o then_o the_o executor_n of_o he_o who_o prove_v 24._o be_v only_o to_o administer_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la l●x_fw-la there_o may_v be_v some_o difference_n between_o suit_n by_o executor_n and_o suit_n against_o executor_n for_o when_o themselves_o sue_v they_o be_v privy_a to_o the_o will_n and_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o it_o must_v bring_v their_o action_n in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o executor_n according_a to_o the_o will_n but_o he_o that_o be_v to_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o they_o need_v not_o perhaps_o take_v notice_n of_o more_o executor_n than_o those_o that_o have_v prove_v the_o will_n or_o otherwise_o do_v administer_v for_o it_o be_v no_o good_a plea_n for_o themselves_o in_o a_o action_n against_o they_o to_o say_v there_o be_v another_o executor_n without_o say_v also_o that_o he_o have_v administer_v as_o it_o seem_v by_o divers_a book_n nay_o one_o book_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n 8._o go_v further_a viz._n that_o if_o suit_n be_v bring_v against_o all_o yet_o one_o of_o they_o not_o intermeddle_v with_o the_o prove_v of_o the_o will_n may_v plead_v that_o he_o be_v never_o executor_n nor_o administer_v as_o executor_n by_o this_o it_o shall_v seem_v 6._o that_o executor_n refuse_v i_o mean_v all_o of_o they_o ●25_n so_o as_o no_o will_n be_v prove_v they_o in_o a_o action_n against_o they_o cur●am_n may_v say_v that_o they_o be_v never_o executor_n but_o i_o think_v they_o shall_v not_o so_o plead_v but_o show_v the_o special_a matter_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o as_o for_o relation_n 36._o i_o will_v forbear_v to_o speak_v till_o i_o come_v to_o prove_v for_o that_o probate_n and_o refusal_n stand_v in_o the_o same_o state_n as_o touch_v relation_n of_o prove_v wi_n now_o let_v we_o see_v touch_v the_o probate_n of_o will_n what_o be_v considerable_a and_o therein_o of_o these_o three_o or_o four_o part_n 1._o where_o and_o before_o who_o and_o how_o the_o proof_n must_v be_v 2._o what_o shall_v be_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la to_o entitle_v to_o probate_n 3._o what_o force_n or_o validity_n either_o a_o right_n or_o

this_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o statute_n there_o be_v a_o precedent_n in_o the_o book_n of_o entry_n of_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o heir_n b._n by_o which_o it_o seem_v that_o a_o man_n bind_v himself_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o leave_v asset_n the_o heir_n take_v the_o profit_n become_v so_o a_o debtor_n that_o his_o executor_n shall_v be_v charge_v a._n and_o in_o the_o register_n there_o be_v a_o writ_n against_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o guardian_n of_o the_o spiritualty_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n for_o the_o debt_n of_o b._n who_o die_v intestate_a and_o who_o good_n come_v to_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o say_a guardian_n viz._n the_o dean_n of_o york_n in_o allowance_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o note_n add_v of_o the_o like_a writ_n 2._o bring_v in_o k._n r._n 2._o his_o time_n and_o that_o then_o a_o precedent_n be_v allege_v of_o such_o a_o writ_n in_o king_n ed._n 2._o his_o time_n against_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o ordinary_a and_o that_o they_o be_v enforce_v to_o answer_v unto_o it_o so_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o trew_n 77._o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o but_o ald._n oppose_v he_o shire_n also_o the_o rationabile_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la by_o custom_n in_o some_o place_n be_v maintaineable_a for_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n against_o the_o executor_n but_o no_o action_n of_o account_n lie_v against_o executor_n except_o for_o the_o king_n more_o hereof_o tit_n wrong_n of_o covenant_n charge_v executor_n we_o have_v already_o touch_v upon_o covenant_n in_o part_n viz._n where_o they_o be_v express_o for_o payment_n of_o money_n show_v they_o to_o be_v in_o law_n bond_n that_o be_v write_n obligatory_a whereupon_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n may_v be_v bring_v eliz._n as_o well_o as_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n though_o the_o word_n of_o the_o deed_n bear_v the_o sound_n and_o phrase_n of_o a_o covenant_n yet_o in_o some_o case_n no_o action_n of_o debt_n lie_v upon_o a_o covenant_n to_o pay_v money_n as_o if_o a._n covenant_n that_o his_o executor_n shall_v within_o a_o year_n or_o such_o a_o time_n after_o his_o death_n pay_v ten_o pound_n to_o b._n now_o for_o that_o no_o action_n of_o debt_n be_v maintaineable_a against_o a._n himself_o it_o lie_v not_o against_o his_o executor_n but_o only_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n as_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n case_n so_o if_o the_o covenant_n be_v conditional_a as_o thus_o that_o if_o c._n do_v not_o pay_v to_o b._n ten_o pound_n than_o a._n will_v pay_v it_o and_o so_o also_o perhaps_o if_o the_o covenant_n be_v in_o the_o distinctive_a viz._n to_o do_v such_o a_o act_n or_o to_o pay_v ten_o pound_n now_o if_o the_o act_n be_v not_o do_v yet_o no_o action_n of_o debt_n lie_v for_o the_o money_n but_o only_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n but_o now_o let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o case_n of_o mere_a covenant_n 1st_a and_o see_v which_o of_o they_o will_v charge_v a_o executor_n and_o which_o not_o if_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n covenant_n to_o repair_v the_o building_n or_o to_o pay_v the_o quitrent_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o land_n let_v there_o be_v little_a doubt_n but_o the_o executor_n to_o who_o the_o term_n come_v must_v as_o well_o as_o his_o testator_n perform_v that_o covenant_n although_o he_o do_v not_o covenant_n for_o he_o and_o his_o executor_n and_o yet_o of_o these_o case_n doubt_n have_v be_v and_o touch_v the_o latter_a viz._n of_o pay_v quitrent_n marg_n divers_a justice_n in_o queen_n mary_n time_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o personal_a that_o it_o die_v with_o the_o person_n and_o do_v not_o charge_v the_o executor_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o contrary_a opinion_n express_v in_o the_o book_n and_o since_o that_o time_n reg_fw-la viz._n towards_o the_o end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n in_o the_o action_n of_o covenant_n between_o the_o dean_n and_o canon_n of_o windsor_n and_o hide_v touch_v reparation_n at_o the_o first_o much_o 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executor_n though_o not_o name_v shall_v be_v tie_v to_o the_o performance_n but_o if_o the_o covenant_n have_v be_v to_o build_v a_o house_n elsewhere_o then_o upon_o the_o land_n let_v or_o to_o do_v any_o other_o collateral_a thing_n not_o pertinent_a to_o the_o land_n l●t_n it_o be_v clear_v the_o executor_n be_v name_v to_o perform_v it_o and_o yet_o in_o those_o case_n if_o there_o be_v a_o breach_n or_o non-performance_n in_o the_o te●stators_n life_n time_n as_o that_o the_o time_n of_o performance_n be_v expire_v before_o his_o death_n than_o it_o be_v clear_v the_o executor_n be_v bind_v to_o yield_v recompense_n by_o way_n of_o damage_n recoverable_a opinion_n in_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n as_o both_o shelley_n and_o f●tzherbert_n agree_v and_o so_o also_o do_v the_o lord_n popham_n agree_v in_o the_o say_a case_n of_o hide_n as_o i_o find_v in_o my_o own_o report_n of_o that_o case_n though_o in_o the_o lord_n cook_n report_v only_o the_o point_n in_o question_n that_o be_v not_o mention_v now_o let_v we_o consider_v of_o the_o case_n where_o there_o be_v no_o express_a covenant_n at_o all_o so_o much_o as_o for_o the_o lessor_n himself_o but_o only_o a_o covenant_n employ_v or_o covenant_n in_o law_n as_o we_o call_v it_o as_o if_o lessee_n for_o life_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o die_v within_o the_o term_n so_o as_o the_o lessee_n be_v evict_v by_o he_o in_o reversion_n 〈…〉_z or_o remainder_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n by_o three_o justice_n viz._n walsh_n browne_n and_o dyer_n that_o by_o this_o covenant_n in_o law_n the_o executor_n be_v not_o chargeable_a and_o in_o the_o same_o case_n the_o lord_n dyer_n set_v down_o another_o resolution_n after_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n but_o master_n serjeant_n bendloes_n report_v this_o latter_a case_n to_o be_v of_o a_o lease_n make_v by_o tenant_n in_o tail_n viz._n before_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o henry_n 8._o or_o not_o warrantable_a by_o it_o set_v down_o the_o opinion_n contrary_o w●ndsor_n viz._n that_o the_o action_n be_v mainetaineable_a against_o the_o executor_n this_o may_v serve_v for_o instance_n the_o like_o be_v in_o any_o other_o case_n where_o the_o lessor_n have_v not_o a_o good_a and_o a_o firm_a title_n but_o perhaps_o subject_a to_o a_o condition_n or_o other_o eviction_n so_o as_o the_o lessee_n can_v enjoy_v the_o land_n according_a to_o his_o lease_n but_o this_o must_v be_v so_o understand_v that_o no_o eviction_n or_o breach_n of_o covenant_n be_v in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o testator_n himself_o for_o if_o that_o be_v there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o the_o executor_n stand_v chargeable_a and_o therefore_o if_o one_o make_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n by_o deed_n wherein_o he_o have_v nothing_o this_o covenant_n be_v perhaps_o present_o break_v and_o though_o the_o lessor_n die_v before_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n bring_v it_o will_v be_v mainetaineable_a against_o his_o executor_n though_o no_o express_a covenant_n this_o be_v useful_a to_o be_v know_v though_o in_o these_o day_n there_o be_v few_o lease_n so_o make_v without_o express_a covenant_n and_o the_o executor_n also_o name_v and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o special_a covenant_n in_o express_a word_n case_n it_o do_v qualify_v the_o covenant_n employ_v so_o as_o although_o word_n of_o demise_n and_o grant_n tie_v the_o lessor_n to_o a_o general_a warranty_n of_o the_o title_n against_o all_o man_n yet_o it_o be_v after_o covenant_v that_o the_o lessee_n shall_v enjoy_v against_o the_o lessor_n and_o his_o heir_n or_o against_o all_o claim_n under_o he_o or_o his_o ancestor_n now_o no_o eviction_n by_o or_o under_o any_o other_o title_n give_v cause_n of_o action_n or_o

debt_n shall_v thus_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o subject_n viz._n for_o that_o the_o treasure_n royal_a be_v not_o only_o for_o sustentation_n &_o maintain_v of_o the_o king_n household_n but_o also_o for_o public_a service_n as_o the_o war_n &c_n &c_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o statute_n 10._o rich._n 2._o cap._n 1._o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v as_o i_o conceive_v that_o bracton_n say_v of_o the_o treasure_n or_o revenue_n royal_a 1._o roborant_fw-la coronam_fw-la they_o do_v strengthen_v or_o uphold_v the_o crown_n and_o for_o the_o like_a reason_n as_o i_o think_v do_v god_n enact_v touch_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n that_o if_o they_o be_v give_v to_o any_o other_o than_o the_o king_n own_o child_n they_o shall_v revert_v and_o come_v back_o to_o the_o crown_n the_o next_o jubilee_n which_o be_v once_o in_o fifty_o year_n sed_fw-la de_fw-la hoc_fw-la satis_fw-la but_o this_o priority_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o king_n debt_n before_o the_o debt_n of_o any_o subject_n 22._o be_v to_o be_v understand_v only_o of_o debt_n by_o or_o upon_o record_n due_a to_o the_o king_n eliz._n and_o not_o of_o other_o debt_n if_o any_o ask_v how_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v any_o debt_n which_o shall_v not_o be_v of_o record_n since_o by_o the_o statute_n 33._o of_o king_n hen._n 8._o cap._n 39_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o all_o obligation_n and_o specialty_n take_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o a_o statute_n staple_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o there_o may_v be_v sum_n of_o money_n due_a to_o the_o king_n upon_o wood_n sale_n or_o sale_n of_o tin_n or_o other_o his_o mineral_n for_o which_o no_o specialty_n be_v give_v so_o also_o of_o amersement_n in_o his_o court_n baron_n or_o court_n of_o his_o honour_n which_o be_v not_o court_n of_o record_n the_o like_a of_o fine_n for_o coppyhold_n state_n there_o so_o of_o the_o money_n for_o which_o stray_v within_o the_o king_n manor_n or_o liberty_n be_v sell_v also_o as_o the_o law_n have_v late_o be_v take_v and_o rule_v in_o the_o exchequer_n even_o debt_n by_o contract_n due_a to_o any_o subject_n be_v by_o his_o outlawry_n or_o attainder_n forfeitable_a to_o the_o crown_n yet_o neither_o these_o nor_o those_o due_n to_o such_o person_n outlaw_v or_o attaint_v by_o bond_n bill_n or_o for_o arrearage_n of_o rent_n upon_o lease_n be_v or_o can_v be_v any_o debt_n of_o record_n until_o office_n thereupon_o find_v for_o although_o the_o outlawry_n or_o attainder_n be_v upon_o record_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o appear_v by_o any_o record_n before_o office_n find_v that_o any_o such_o debt_n be_v due_a to_o the_o person_n outlaw_v or_o attaint_v thus_o be_v not_o these_o debt_n to_o the_o crown_n to_o have_v priority_n of_o payment_n before_o the_o subject_n debt_n though_o the_o king_n debt_n of_o record_n be_v so_o to_o have_v so_o that_o if_o a_o subject_n to_o who_o the_o testator_n be_v indebt_v by_o specialty_n sue_v for_o this_o debt_n the_o executor_n must_v plead_v that_o the_o testator_n die_v indebt_v thus_o much_o to_o the_o king_n by_o record_n reg_fw-la more_o than_o which_o he_o leave_v not_o good_n to_o satisfy_v if_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o case_n so_o be_v for_o if_o there_o be_v sufficient_a to_o satisfy_v both_o than_o the_o subject_a creditor_n be_v not_o to_o stay_v for_o his_o debt_n till_o the_o king_n debt_n be_v levy_v and_o if_o the_o subject_a creditor_n sue_v execution_n upon_o a_o statute_n so_o that_o the_o executor_n have_v no_o day_n in_o court_n to_o plead_v this_o debt_n to_o the_o king_n then_o be_v the_o executor_n put_v to_o a_o audita_fw-la querela_fw-la wherein_o he_o must_v set_v forth_o that_o matter_n and_o so_o provide_v for_o his_o own_o indemnity_n but_o what_o shall_v we_o say_v of_o arrearage_n of_o rent_n due_a to_o the_o king_n sure_o where_o it_o be_v a_o feefarme_n rent_n or_o other_o rent_n of_o inheritance_n i_o see_v not_o how_o it_o can_v come_v under_o the_o title_n of_o debt_n since_o for_o it_o no_o action_n of_o debt_n be_v maintainable_a so_o long_o as_o the_o state_n continue_v in_o he_o to_o who_o it_o grow_v due_a and_o i_o find_v that_o the_o lo._n dyar_n m._n 14._o eliz._n say_v that_o the_o king_n can_v but_o only_o distrain_v for_o his_o rent_n and_o not_o otherwise_o levy_v they_o of_o land_n or_o good_n and_o that_o the_o king_n by_o his_o prerogative_n may_v distrain_v in_o any_o other_o land_n of_o his_o tenant_n our_o book_n tell_v we_o but_o no_o more_o yet_o i_o know_v it_o have_v be_v otherwise_o do_v of_o late_a in_o the_o exchequer_n which_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a and_o frequent_a use_n of_o the_o exchequer_n it_o will_v stand_v as_o law_n though_o unknown_a to_o the_o lo._n dyar_n now_o rend_v upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n differ_v from_o the_o other_o since_o for_o the_o arrearage_n thereof_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n lie_v but_o how_o can_v either_o of_o these_o be_v debt_n of_o record_n when_o the_o not_o payment_n may_v be_v either_o in_o the_o court_n of_o exchequer_n or_o to_o the_o receiver_n general_a or_o particular_a &_o how_o then_o can_v there_o be_v any_o certain_a record_n of_o the_o not_o payment_n so_o as_o to_o make_v any_o certain_a debt_n upon_o record_n we_o know_v statute_n have_v be_v make_v to_o make_v the_o land_n of_o receiver_n subject_a to_o sale_n for_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o beside_o that_o some_o ancient_a patent_n direct_v the_o payment_n of_o fee-farme_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o sheriff_n the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 1._o cap._n 19_o provide_v remedy_n for_o the_o king_n against_o sheriff_n not_o answer_v the_o debt_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o they_o receive_v so_o as_o the_o king_n farmer_n or_o debtor_n may_v have_v pay_v his_o rent_n or_o other_o debt_n and_o the_o crown_n have_v not_o yet_o receive_v it_o of_o fines_n and_o amercement_n in_o the_o king_n court_n of_o record_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o they_o be_v debt_n of_o record_n come_v we_o now_o to_o the_o debt_n of_o subject_n and_o first_o those_o of_o record_n touch_v which_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o hold_v so_o good_a a_o method_n and_o so_o well_o to_o handle_v thing_n by_o part_n as_o i_o will_v for_o that_o the_o part_n so_o stand_v in_o competition_n one_o with_o another_o for_o precedency_n as_o that_o they_o must_v of_o necessity_n thereabouts_o conflict_n and_o interplead_v one_o with_o the_o other_o and_o contest_v one_o against_o the_o other_o yet_o for_o the_o reader_n better_a ease_n and_o ability_n to_o find_v out_o that_o which_o may_v concern_v he_o in_o his_o particular_a case_n i_o will_v in_o the_o best_a sort_n i_o can_v single_a out_o these_o thing_n into_o several_a part_n and_o place_v they_o in_o several_a room_n or_o station_n first_o consider_v how_o it_o shall_v stand_v between_o one_o judgement_n and_o another_o have_v either_o against_o the_o executor_n or_o testator_n second_o how_o between_o judgement_n and_o statute_n or_o recognizance_n three_o how_o between_o recognizance_n and_o statute_n four_o how_o between_o one_o recognizance_n and_o another_o five_o how_o between_o one_o statute_n and_o another_o add_v to_o each_o some_o observation_n incident_a now_o next_o to_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v judgement_n or_o debt_n recover_v against_o the_o testator_n to_o have_v priority_n or_o precedency_n in_o payment_n as_o be_v of_o a_o high_a nature_n or_o more_o dignity_n than_o any_o other_o for_o that_o statute_n and_o recognizance_n though_o they_o make_v debt_n upon_o record_n yet_o be_v they_o beget_v but_o by_o voluntary_a consent_n of_o party_n whereas_o in_o every_o judgement_n there_o have_v be_v a_o course_n and_o work_v of_o justice_n against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o defendant_n as_o be_v presume_v and_o this_o in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o record_n of_o such_o judgement_n be_v enter_v in_o public_a roll_n not_o keep_v or_o carry_v in_o pocket_n or_o box_n as_o statute_n 28._o and_o until_o inrolment_n recognizance_n be_v therefore_o executor_n must_v take_v heed_n that_o judgement_n against_o their_o testator_n before_o debt_n any_o other_o way_n circiter_fw-la if_o they_o have_v not_o sufficient_a for_o both_o be_v first_o satisfy_v lest_o they_o draw_v the_o burden_n of_o this_o debt_n upon_o their_o own_o back_n own_o now_o their_o way_n to_o help_v themselves_o be_v sue_v or_o pursue_v for_o other_o debt_n be_v the_o same_o before_o deliver_v touch_v debt_n upon_o record_n to_o the_o crown_n viz._n by_o plea_n where_o they_o may_v plead_v as_o in_o s●ire_n facias_fw-la upon_o a_o recognizance_n or_o suit_n upon_o band_n and_o by_o a●dita_fw-la querela_fw-la where_o they_o can_v plead_v ●e_n as_o when_o execution_n be_v sue_v

name_n of_o executor_n of_o the_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n of_o the_o defunct_a and_o then_o if_o he_o will_v deny_v himself_o so_o to_o be_v he_o must_v plead_v that_o he_o neither_o be_v executor_n propria_fw-la nor_o have_v administer_v as_o executor_n then_o the_o plaintiff_n must_v prove_v that_o he_o have_v administer_v in_o some_o such_o or_o the_o like_a sort_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o it_o have_v be_v divers_a time_n hold_v 46._o that_o where_o there_o be_v a_o right_a executor_n and_o yet_o another_o do_v administer_v by_o wrong_n 19_o it_o be_v at_o the_o election_n of_o creditor_n either_o to_o sue_v they_o joint_o together_o 15._o or_o one_o or_o both_o of_o they_o several_o and_o by_o himself_o 38._o but_o if_o where_o administration_n be_v commit_v another_o also_o administer_v by_o wrong_n these_o can_v be_v sue_v together_o as_o administrator_n 31._o for_o though_o one_o may_v be_v a_o executor_n by_o usurpation_n or_o wrong_n yet_o none_o can_v come_v to_o be_v a_o administrator_n by_o wrong_n since_o no_o other_o but_o such_o as_o receive_v that_o power_n from_o the_o ordinary_n can_v so_o be_v therefore_o in_o that_o case_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o sue_v he_o apart_o and_o by_o himself_o who_o so_o usurp_v administration_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o executor_n so_o if_o a_o administer_v the_o good_n of_o b._n not_o be_v executor_n nor_o administrator_n and_o after_o his_o such_o do_v and_o dispose_n of_o the_o good_n he_o obtain_v administration_n of_o the_o good_n of_o b._n but_o the_o good_n leave_v or_o come_v to_o his_o hand_n since_o the_o administration_n commit_v suffice_v not_o without_o the_o other_o debt_n receive_v or_o release_v or_o good_n sell_v before_o to_o satisfy_v creditor_n now_o if_o any_o sue_v a_o by_o the_o name_n of_o administrator_n 20._o he_o shall_v have_v no_o further_o relief_n than_o according_a to_o the_o value_n or_o extent_n of_o the_o good_n leave_v in_o or_o come_v into_o his_o hand_n since_o the_o administration_n commit_v and_o if_o those_o be_v full_o administer_v he_o shall_v get_v nothing_o if_o they_o remain_v unadministre_v but_o amount_v not_o full_o to_o his_o debt_n he_o must_v want_v so_o much_o of_o satisfaction_n and_o if_o he_o will_v be_v relieve_v or_o satisfy_v out_o of_o the_o good_n before_o dispose_v of_o he_o must_v sue_v a_o as_o executor_n of_o b_o conceive_v and_o so_o be_v it_o rule_v and_o resolve_v by_o gawdy_n and_o suit_n justice_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n viz._n tr._n 30._o eliz._n and_o if_o this_o now_o administrator_n will_v plead_v in_o abatement_n of_o this_o action_n that_o administration_n be_v commit_v to_o he_o and_o demand_v judgement_n if_o suit_n shall_v be_v against_o he_o as_o executor_n then_o the_o plaintiff_n must_v in_o this_o replication_n as_o i_o take_v it_o set_v forth_o the_o special_a matter_n viz._n how_o the_o defendant_n do_v administer_v before_o administration_n to_o he_o commit_v but_o if_o one_o to_o who_o administration_n be_v commit_v do_v devast_v and_o this_o administration_n be_v by_o suit_n repeal_v because_o he_o be_v not_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n and_o administration_n be_v commit_v to_o another_o now_o a_o creditor_n who_o will_v be_v relieve_v out_o of_o the_o good_n waste_v must_v sue_v that_o first_o as_o administrator_n and_o not_o as_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n say_v popham_n chief_a justice_n for_o he_o do_v rightful_o administer_v for_o that_o time_n as_o for_o the_o three_o point_n viz._n how_o far_o this_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n creditor_n become_v liable_a and_o obnoxious_a to_o suit_n consider_v we_o these_o thing_n first_o he_o become_v subject_a both_o to_o the_o action_n of_o the_o executor_n who_o have_v right_a to_o the_o good_n wrongful_o intermedle_v withal_o by_o he_o though_o it_o be_v before_o prove_v of_o the_o will_n and_o also_o to_o the_o action_n of_o the_o creditor_n who_o have_v right_a to_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o debt_n second_o administrator_n as_o touch_v the_o measure_n how_o far_o he_o be_v engage_v doubtless_o he_o be_v not_o by_o his_o wrongful_a administer_a become_v chargeable_a with_o the_o whole_a account_n of_o the_o testator_n debt_n but_o only_o so_o far_o and_o with_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o the_o good_n which_o he_o so_o wrongful_o administer_v amount_v unto_o and_o this_o seem_v to_o i_o prove_v by_o the_o case_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o ●oc_fw-fr where_o the_o inquest_n find_v not_o only_o the_o administer_a or_o intermeddle_v by_o the_o executor_n wrongful_o but_o find_v also_o by_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n as_o it_o seem_v what_o the_o value_n be_v of_o the_o good_n so_o wrongful_o administer_v which_o have_v not_o be_v material_a if_o the_o administer_a of_o a_o penny_n have_v make_v one_o as_o far_o chargeable_a as_o the_o administer_a of_o a_o pound_n beside_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o a_o rightful_a executor_n waste_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n to_o the_o value_n of_o twenty_o pound_n shall_v be_v no_o further_o charge_v than_o that_o value_n then_o doubtless_o so_o shall_v it_o be_v also_o in_o this_o case_n for_o both_o be_v wrongful_a administration_n only_o this_o difference_n there_o be_v between_o they_o that_o in_o one_o case_n the_o administration_n be_v by_o a_o wrong_a person_n and_o in_o the_o other_o case_n in_o a_o wrong_a manner_n 12._o nay_o the_o lord_n dyer_n do_v not_o stick_v to_o call_v he_o who_o administer_v wrongful_o or_o in_o undue_a manner_n express_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n in_o the_o case_n of_o stokes_n against_o porter_n though_o he_o be_v rightful_o executor_n because_o he_o do_v dispose_v or_o execute_v wrongful_o as_o to_o the_o four_o point_n viz._n what_o act_v do_v to_o he_o or_o by_o he_o who_o be_v a_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n force_n shall_v stand_v firm_a and_o good_a as_o do_v by_o or_o to_o the_o right_a executor_n suppose_v first_o that_o the_o decease_a be_v indebt_v to_o he_o twenty_o pound_n who_o thus_o usurp_v executorship_n whether_o may_v he_o pay_v himself_o or_o not_o and_o this_o point_n be_v in_o debate_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n between_o coulter_n and_o one_o ireland_n 30._o executor_n of_o hunt_n where_o it_o be_v strong_o object_v that_o notwithstanding_o the_o rightful_a executor_n or_o administrator_n may_v punish_v he_o and_o recover_v against_o he_o for_o the_o good_n which_o he_o administer_v yet_o another_o creditor_n sue_v he_o as_o executor_n general_o and_o so_o affirm_v he_o to_o be_v for_o there_o be_v no_o special_a form_n of_o writ_n or_o declaration_n to_o distinguish_v a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n from_o a_o rightful_a executor_n he_o stand_v as_o against_o he_o in_o the_o state_n of_o a_o rightful_a executor_n and_o therefore_o may_v first_o pay_v himself_o before_o he_o pay_v other_o and_o of_o that_o mind_n at_o the_o first_o be_v fenner_n and_o gawdy_n justice_n yet_o do_v they_o admit_v that_o this_o payment_n shall_v not_o stand_v good_a as_o against_o the_o rightful_a executor_n or_o administrator_n and_o popham_n and_o clinche_n hold_v strong_o that_o neither_o shall_v it_o stand_v good_a against_o other_o creditor_n for_o then_o every_o man_n will_v rush_v upon_o the_o testator_n good_n and_o be_v his_o own_o carver_n in_o payment_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v at_o the_o bar_n that_o the_o lord_n anderson_n upon_o a_o evidence_n at_o guild-hall_n have_v rule_v it_o otherwise_o popham_n at_o another_o day_n of_o debate_n of_o the_o say_a case_n relate_v that_o the_o l._n anderson_n do_v deny_v that_o he_o ever_o so_o rule_v or_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n and_o further_o inform_v that_o both_o he_o and_o justice_n walmes_o periam_n and_o clarke_n baron_n do_v agree_v with_o popham_n and_o clinche_n in_o opinion_n after_o which_o justice_n gawdy_n as_o also_o fenner_n if_o i_o mistake_v not_o change_v their_o opinion_n and_o concur_v with_o the_o rest_n judgement_n be_v give_v according_o in_o the_o debate_n of_o this_o case_n question_n be_v make_v if_o such_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n pay_v a_o debt_n to_o another_o creditor_n by_o speciality_n whether_o this_o shall_v not_o stand_v firm_a and_o good_a since_o he_o stand_v liable_a to_o creditor_n so_o far_o as_o the_o good_n by_o he_o administer_v do_v amount_v and_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o better_a opinion_n at_o least_o that_o this_o shall_v stand_v firm_a and_o good_a so_o as_o if_o the_o payment_n be_v out_o of_o his_o own_o good_n he_o may_v retain_v to_o himself_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o so_o much_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n for_o here_o he_o do_v not_o as_o in_o the_o other_o case_n advantage_n himself_o by_o his_o own_o wrong_n yet_o that_o opinion_n allow_v this_o payment_n to_o creditor_n must_v as_o i_o think_v be_v

make_v executor_n but_o never_o do_v administer_v now_o it_o must_v be_v reply_v that_o he_o be_v make_v executor_n at_o such_o a_o place_n without_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o administer_a on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o he_o do_v administer_v but_o be_v not_o make_v executor_n then_o only_o the_o administer_a be_v to_o be_v reply_v b._n but_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v find_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v administration_n to_o he_o commit_v and_o so_o administer_v by_o virtue_n thereof_o then_o be_v the_o verdict_n to_o pass_v for_o the_o defendant_n for_o this_o be_v no_o administer_a as_o executor_n and_o upon_o a_o general_a denial_n thereof_o this_o may_v be_v give_v in_o evidence_n as_o the_o lo._n dyar_n report_v to_o have_v be_v resolve_v 305._o but_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v in_o his_o replication_n maintain_v both_o the_o point_n shall_v this_o make_v his_o plea_n double_a i_o think_v it_o shall_v yet_o i_o find_v it_o so_o reply_v and_o no_o exception_n take_v for_o the_o doubleness_n b._n tr._n 17._o h._n 8._o rot._n 28._o a_o sole_a woman_n be_v executor_n make_v a_o deed_n of_o gift_n of_o the_o testator_n good_n in_o trust_n eliz._n but_o continue_v possession_n of_o they_o and_o marry_v j._n s._n who_o also_o have_v possession_n of_o the_o good_n and_o in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n by_o a_o creditor_n full_o administer_v be_v plead_v now_o upon_o evidence_n the_o verdict_n shall_v pass_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o this_o alienation_n be_v fraudulent_a be_v void_a as_o to_o all_o creditor_n and_o so_o as_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o good_n continue_v the_o testator_n and_o so_o asset_n in_o the_o defendant_n hand_n as_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o king_n bench._n if_o full_o administer_v be_v plead_v where_o the_o defendant_n have_v asset_n for_o part_n but_o not_o sufficient_a for_o all_o and_o so_o it_o be_v find_v yet_o shall_v not_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o whole_a asset_n but_o for_o part_v present_o with_o a_o further_a award_n that_o when_o more_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o executor_n hand_n the_o plaintiff_n shall_v then_o have_v further_a judgement_n for_o the_o rest_n so_o as_o that_o false_a plea_n do_v he_o no_o prejudice_n but_o make_v he_o in_o as_o good_a state_n the_o charge_n of_o trial_n except_v as_o if_o he_o have_v confess_v himself_o to_o have_v part_n and_o i_o think_v the_o plaintiff_n upon_o that_o confession_n of_o part_n may_v pray_v the_o like_a judgement_n without_o maintain_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v sufficient_a for_o the_o rest_n for_o if_o that_o be_v not_o true_a why_o shall_v he_o be_v put_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o trial_n by_o jury_n yea_o sir_n edw_n cook_n at_o the_o bar_n tr._n 36._o eliz._n 134._o say_v that_o where_o full_o administer_v be_v plead_v the_o plaintiff_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o maintain_v the_o contrary_a but_o may_v present_o pray_v and_o have_v judgement_n to_o recover_v it_o when_o asset_n shall_v future_o come_v to_o the_o defendant_n hand_n which_o be_v deny_v by_o some_o but_o true_o i_o think_v the_o law_n shall_v be_v as_o he_o say_v as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o former_a case_n where_o for_o the_o part_n which_o the_o defendant_n have_v not_o asset_n to_o pay_v it_o so_o be_v do_v upon_o verdict_n so_o find_v but_o there_o as_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v not_o a_o present_a judgement_n but_o a_o award_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v judgement_n future_o so_o as_o after_o when_o asset_n come_v to_o the_o defendant_n hand_n the_o plaintiff_n must_v have_v a_o seire_n faeias_fw-la against_o the_o defendant_n to_o show_v cause_n not_o why_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v execution_n but_o why_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v judgement_n as_o i_o take_v it_o yea_o where_o it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o defendant_n that_o he_o have_v full_o administer_v yet_o be_v be_v hold_v by_o all_o the_o justice_n 33_o hen._n 6._o 23_o 24._o and_o by_o ●riso●_n 34_o hen._n 6._o 24._o that_o when_o asset_n after_o come_v to_o his_o hand_n the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v a_o scire_fw-la sacias_fw-la to_o have_v satisfaction_n out_o of_o they_o but_o there_o markham_n yeluerton_n and_o forteseu_n be_v of_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o so_o be_v the_o whole_a court_n 4_o hen._n 6._o for_n 4_o and_o it_o stand_v with_o great_a reason_n that_o where_o upon_o a_o verdict_n full_o find_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n b._n judgement_n be_v give_v quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la capiat_fw-la per_fw-la breve_fw-la there_o he_o can_v have_v any_o writ_n to_o execute_v the_o judgement_n for_o he_o but_o be_v put_v to_o a_o new_a action_n of_o debt_n yet_o where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v asset_n for_o part_n of_o the_o debt_n but_o not_o sufficient_a for_o the_o whole_a there_o it_o be_v very_o congruous_a that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v present_o judgement_n for_o part_n and_o after_o when_o more_o come_v then_o by_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la against_o the_o defendant_n obtain_v judgement_n and_o execution_n for_o the_o rest_n 9_o for_o here_o both_o verdict_n and_o judgement_n be_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n against_o the_o defendant_n who_o plea_n that_o he_o have_v no_o good_n be_v false_a and_o so_o find_v by_o the_o jury_n and_o this_o difference_n be_v strong_o avow_v by_o sergeant_n hanham_n mich._n 33._o 34._o eliz._n and_o after_o approve_a by_o fenner_n just_o 36._o eliz._n none_o contradict_v it_o 41._o yet_o a_o book_n be_v cite_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n recover_v so_o much_o as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o executor_n hand_n shall_v be_v amerse_v for_o the_o residue_n which_o popham_n chief_a justice_n deny_v to_o be_v law_n chap._n xvi_o where_o judgement_n shall_v be_v against_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n though_o no_o plea_n of_o the_o defendant_n nor_o vastation_n do_v so_o occasion_n and_o of_o the_o several_a manner_n of_o judgement_n in_o several_a case_n how_o by_o waste_v call_v by_o we_o common_o a_o devastavit_fw-la a_o executor_n may_v draw_v down_o the_o execution_n upon_o his_o own_o good_n have_v former_o be_v handle_v and_o discourse_v of_o as_o also_o what_o kind_n of_o plea_n do_v make_v the_o executor_n own_o good_n liable_a to_o the_o debt_n and_o what_o not_o now_o let_v we_o see_v where_o without_o misadministring_a or_o mis-pleading_a yet_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n shall_v lay_v the_o whole_a debt_n or_o thing_n recover_v upon_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n and_o this_o we_o shall_v find_v in_o some_o few_o case_n 1._o where_o a_o executor_n be_v sue_v for_o rend_v behind_o after_o his_o testator_n death_n upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n make_v to_o the_o testator_n and_o by_o he_o leave_v to_o his_o executor_n here_o it_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v and_o levy_v upon_o his_o own_o good_n for_o that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o profit_n as_o the_o rent_n amount_v to_o shall_v be_v account_v as_o his_o own_o good_n and_o not_o his_o testator_n therefore_o be_v he_o to_o be_v sue_v as_o well_o in_o the_o debet_fw-la as_o the_o detin●t_n where_o in_o other_o case_n he_o be_v not_o but_o in_o the_o detinet_fw-la only_o be_v sue_v as_o executor_n so_o if_o any_o thing_n deliver_v to_o or_o detain_v by_o his_o testator_n come_v to_o his_o hand_n and_o he_o still_o detain_v the_o same_o after_o the_o demand_n and_o be_v thereupon_o sue_v in_o a_o action_n of_o detinue_n for_o this_o be_v his_o own_o act_n nor_o in_o this_o case_n need_v he_o to_o be_v name_v as_o executor_n for_o he_o shall_v not_o answer_v damage_n for_o his_o testator_n detain_v so_o if_o he_o assume_v to_o pay_v a_o debt_n of_o his_o testator_n have_v asset_n and_o be_v sue_v upon_o this_o assumpt_n the_o which_o debt_n be_v to_o be_v recover_v in_o damage_n and_o that_o upon_o or_o out_o of_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n yet_o be_v this_o action_n and_o the_o assumption_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n thereof_o found_v in_o the_o executorship_n and_o his_o have_a asset_n for_o if_o either_o he_o have_v not_o be_v executor_n or_o if_o he_o have_v not_o asset_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o promise_n it_o have_v be_v nudum_fw-la pactum_fw-la 182._o and_o will_v not_o have_v bind_v he_o nor_o give_v good_a cause_n of_o suit_n nay_o to_o go_v further_o in_o the_o case_n of_o assumption_n by_o the_o testator_n and_o suit_n against_o the_o executor_n thereupon_o we_o find_v the_o judgement_n in_o m._n plowdens_n commentary_n give_v against_o the_o executor_n general_o as_o if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v a_o executor_n not_o fix_v it_o upon_o the_o testator_n good_n case_n yet_o there_o the_o very_a debt_n itself_o be_v include_v in_o the_o damage_n 2._o but_o contrary_o be_v it_o after_o in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o late_a king_n viz._n judgement_n give_v that_o as_o well_o the_o damage_n as_o the_o cost_n shall_v be_v levy_v

be_v executrix_fw-la to_o some_o other_o person_n and_o in_o that_o right_n have_v good_n movable_a these_o be_v not_o devest_v out_o of_o she_o because_o she_o have_v they_o not_o mere_o to_o her_o own_o use_n but_o as_o represent_v the_o person_n of_o another_o but_o whether_o then_o may_v she_o without_o her_o husband_n licence_n or_o assent_v in_o respect_n of_o she_o be_v a_o executor_n and_o for_o continuation_n of_o this_o executorship_n make_v executor_n and_o consequent_o a_o will_n or_o not_o hereabout_o have_v be_v much_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n some_o book_n general_o speak_v that_o the_o wife_n may_v make_v a_o executor_n but_o speak_v nothing_o of_o the_o husband_n assent_n 27._o whether_o necessary_a or_o not_o elsewhere_o we_o find_v it_o mention_v that_o if_o the_o husband_n after_o the_o wife_n death_n countermand_n some_o book_n false_a print_v say_v command_v the_o prove_v of_o his_o wife_n will_v 21._o than_o it_o lose_v all_o force_n or_o become_v void_a and_o of_o no_o value_n but_o in_o this_o case_n be_v no_o mention_n in_o what_o state_n this_o wife_n stand_v viz._n whether_o she_o be_v executor_n or_o not_o no_o nor_o so_o much_o as_o whether_o she_o have_v any_o thing_n in_o action_n or_o chatell_n real_a or_o not_o so_o as_o nothing_o in_o particularity_n can_v be_v ground_v upon_o that_o case_n but_o there_o be_v express_a opinion_n that_o the_o husband_n assent_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a even_o in_o this_o case_n inst_n so_o as_o without_o it_o the_o wife_n make_v a_o executor_n shall_v be_v mere_o void_a and_o consequent_o he_o to_o who_o she_o be_v executor_n shall_v now_o by_o her_o death_n be_v dead_a intestate_a and_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v babington_n chief_a justice_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o his_o time_n 31._o yet_o contrary_a hereunto_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o fineux_n chief_a justice_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o b._n viz._n that_o where_o the_o wife_n be_v a_o executor_n she_o may_v also_o make_v a_o will_n and_o a_o executor_n without_o any_o consent_n or_o assent_v of_o her_o husband_n 27._o and_o to_o this_o opinion_n do_v master_n perkins_n after_o consideration_n of_o the_o book_n on_o both_o side_n incline_v but_o some_o will_v say_v that_o since_o all_o this_o in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n this_o have_v be_v contrary_o resolve_v 〈…〉_z viz._n in_o the_o case_n between_o andrew_n ognell_n plaintiff_n and_o vnderhill_n and_o apleby_n defendant_n in_o the_o end_n of_o which_o case_n it_o be_v in_o express_a term_n say_v to_o have_v be_v then_o resolve_v that_o a_o femme_fw-fr covert_n or_o marry_a woman_n b._n can_v not_o make_v a_o executor_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o her_o husband_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o this_o case_n be_v to_o be_v construe_v with_o relation_n ad_fw-la materiam_fw-la subjectam_fw-la viz._n to_o the_o matter_n and_o point_n in_o question_n and_o under_o consideration_n which_o be_v that_o state_n of_o a_o woman_n whereof_o we_o have_v before_o speak_v viz._n one_o have_v thing_n in_o action_n debt_n or_o duty_n to_o her_o belong_v a●_n therein_o particular_a it_o be_v arrearage_n of_o rent_n due_a to_o the_o woman_n before_o marriage_n as_o for_o the_o point_n of_o a_o woman_n executor_n to_o another_o person_n it_o be_v never_o in_o that_o case_n under_o disceptation_n no_o nor_o once_o mention_v in_o the_o debate_n or_o argument_n thereupon_o now_o consider_v the_o very_a form_n and_o phrase_n of_o judgement_n at_o the_o common_a law_n which_o be_v thus_o viz._n ideo_fw-la consideratum_fw-la est_fw-la per_fw-la curiam_fw-la etc._n etc._n not_o adjudicatum_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v it_o be_v consider_v by_o the_o court_n not_o in_o express_a term_n that_o it_o be_v adjudge_v this_o i_o say_v well_o observe_v as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v very_o remarkable_a give_v we_o to_o know_v that_o no_o more_o be_v adjudge_v then_o be_v consider_v of_o the_o judgement_n be_v contain_v and_o clasp_v up_o in_o the_o word_n consideratum_fw-la est_fw-la wherefore_o since_o in_o ognells_n case_n the_o point_n of_o a_o woman_n covert_n ability_n in_o case_n where_o she_o be_v a_o executor_n to_o make_v a_o will_n and_o executor_n have_v not_o be_v consider_v of_o the_o eye_n tongue_n nor_o thought_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v not_o once_o set_v upon_o it_o it_o can_v be_v that_o that_o point_n be_v there_o resolve_v or_o adjudge_v beside_o even_o in_o a_o few_o word_n express_v as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v the_o reason_n of_o that_o resolution_n it_o appear_v not_o to_o have_v be_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o judge_n that_o the_o same_o shall_v reach_v or_o extend_v to_o this_o case_n of_o a_o woman_n covert_a executor_n for_o it_o be_v add_v as_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o judgement_n in_o my_o conceive_n that_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o wife_n good_n do_v of_o right_a belong_v to_o the_o husband_n which_o amount_v to_o this_o in_o my_o understanding_n viz._n that_o where_o the_o wife_n make_v of_o a_o will_n and_o consequent_o of_o a_o executor_n may_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o her_o husband_n and_o prevent_v he_o of_o some_o benefit_n or_o advantage_n or_o tend_v to_o his_o loss_n and_o disadvantage_n there_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v avaylable_a or_o effectual_a without_o his_o assent_n and_o therefore_o not_o in_o the_o case_n of_o she_o who_o have_v debt_n or_o duty_n to_o her_o due_a will_v by_o make_v another_o to_o be_v her_o executor_n exclude_v or_o preclude_v her_o husband_n from_o that_o benefit_n which_o to_o he_o shall_v pertain_v as_o administrator_n of_o her_o good_n now_o as_o for_o the_o good_n debt_n or_o credit_n to_o she_o as_o executor_n to_o some_o other_o pertain_v no_o benefit_n can_v redound_v to_o the_o husband_n by_o have_v such_o administration_n of_o his_o wife_n good_n for_o those_o shall_v go_v and_o be_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n of_o the_o wife_n testator_n take_v administration_n de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la non_fw-la administratis_fw-la of_o he_o if_o ●hee_o have_v no_o executor_n &_o therefore_o her_o make_v a_o executor_n as_o touch_v these_o bring_v no_o hurt_n nor_o prejudice_n to_o her_o husband_n and_o so_o be_v out_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o ognells_n case_n since_o than_o it_o be_v so_o and_o since_o the_o law_n favour_v will_n and_o it_o be_v by_o implication_n part_n of_o his_o will_n who_o make_v her_o executor_n that_o she_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o continue_v his_o executorship_n by_o make_v another_o to_o succeed_v therein_o after_o her_o decease_n for_o performance_n of_o his_o will_n why_o shall_v the_o law_n give_v to_o the_o husband_n who_o can_v receive_v no_o prejudice_n thereby_o power_n to_o give_v impediment_n thereunto_o for_o frustra_fw-la est_fw-la inutilis_fw-la potentia_fw-la even_o reason_n itself_o frame_v and_o award_v against_o he_o in_o this_o case_n a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la or_o rather_o a_o non_fw-la impediet_fw-la as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v wherefore_o to_o conclude_v i_o take_v it_o that_o the_o opinion_n of_o fineux_n be_v good_a law_n in_o that_o point_n of_o a_o f●me_n covert_a executor_n though_o not_o in_o the_o other_o point_n where_o she_o only_o have_v debt_n or_o thing_n in_o action_n to_o herself_o due_a for_o therein_o the_o say_a resolution_n in_o ognells_n case_n ground_v upon_o good_a reason_n give_v i_o satisfaction_n to_o differ_v from_o fineux_n who_o make_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o case_n hold_v the_o husband_n assent_n needle_n in_o both_o posito_fw-la then_o that_o the_o wife_n of_o i._o s._n have_v debt_n due_a to_o herself_o and_o be_v also_o executrix_n to_o i._n d._n make_v without_o her_o husband_n assent_n i._n n._n her_o executor_n and_o die_v what_o shall_v we_o now_o say_v shall_v we_o say_v that_o as_o touch_v the_o good_n and_o credit_n or_o thing_n in_o action_n to_o she_o as_o executrix_fw-la of_o i._n d._n pertain_v this_o will_n stand_v good_a and_o i._o n._n as_o her_o executor_n may_v prove_v it_o contrary_a to_o her_o husband_n will_n and_o that_o as_o to_o the_o credit_n to_o herself_o in_o her_o own_o right_n pertain_v the_o will_n be_v void_a void_a &_o thereof_o her_o husband_n may_v take_v administration_n shall_v she_o die_v both_o testate_a and_o intestate_a with_o a_o will_n and_o without_o a_o will_n shall_v she_o have_v both_o a_o executor_n and_o administrator_n why_o not_o note_n to_o several_a purpose_n aswell_o as_o where_o a_o executor_n be_v make_v only_o for_o one_o particular_a thing_n or_o one_o place_n the_o testator_n may_v elsewhere_o die_v intestate_a and_o so_o where_o the_o executorship_n be_v divide_v as_o before_o be_v show_v and_o one_o to_o who_o part_n be_v commit_v will_v prove_v the_o will_n but_o the_o other_o to_o who_o other_o part_n of_o the_o executorship_n be_v commit_v will_v not_o take_v it_o upon_o he_o here_o

must_v needs_o be_v a_o die_a for_o part_v testate_a and_o for_o part_v intestate_a as_o for_o the_o second_o point_n viz._n wife_n or_o woman_n covert_n be_v make_v executor_n and_o so_o have_v the_o office_n of_o executorship_n put_v upon_o they_o against_o their_o husband_n will_n 119._o there_o have_v also_o be_v diversity_n of_o opinion_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n 1_o brab_n justice_n say_v she_o may_v executor_n without_o her_o husband_n and_o the_o administration_n shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o she_o only_o and_o i_o think_v he_o mean_v that_o this_o may_v be_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o her_o husband_n or_o whether_o he_o will_v or_o not_o for_o so_o be_v it_o say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o to_o be_v the_o law_n spiritual_a b._n and_o indeed_o in_o court_n spiritual_a no_o difference_n be_v make_v between_o woman_n marry_v and_o unmarried_a for_o aught_o i_o can_v find_v there_o a_o wife_n sue_v and_o be_v sue_v alone_o without_o her_o husband_n he_o intermeddle_v not_o nor_o be_v intermedle_v withal_o touch_v the_o thing_n pertain_v to_o his_o wife_n but_o at_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o there_o as_o bryan_n chief_a justice_n say_v 15._o a_o wife_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o her_o husband_n can_v be_v executor_n he_o mean_v thereby_o that_o the_o husband_n may_v oppose_v and_o hinder_v it_o for_o such_o a_o one_o may_v be_v name_v executor_n in_o and_o by_o a_o will_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o her_o husband_n let_v we_o then_o see_v how_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n the_o husband_n can_v hinder_v she_o prove_v of_o the_o will_n or_o intermeddle_v to_o administer_v since_o it_o may_v be_v a_o matter_n both_o of_o much_o trouble_n and_o danger_n to_o he_o to_o have_v the_o executorship_n fasten_v upon_o his_o wife_n and_o consequent_o upon_o himself_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o may_v be_v a_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n to_o the_o husband_n and_o therefore_o we_o will_v also_o consider_v whether_o the_o husband_n may_v though_o his_o wife_n will_v refuse_v assume_v the_o executorship_n and_o fasten_v it_o upon_o she_o the_o testator_n therefore_o be_v dead_a and_o fame_n or_o common_a bruit_n carry_v it_o to_o the_o ordinary_a that_o the_o wife_n of_o i._o s._n be_v make_v executrix_fw-la if_o she_o come_v not_o in_o gratis_o or_o voluntary_o to_o prove_v the_o will_n process_n or_o a_o citation_n be_v to_o be_v send_v out_o of_o the_o spiritual_a court_n against_o she_o to_o enforce_v her_o come_n in_o to_o take_v on_o she_o the_o executorship_n she_o come_v may_v clear_o as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o person_n especial_o if_o her_o husband_n concur_v with_o she_o therein_o refuse_v this_o office_n trust_v and_o charge_n so_o as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o executor_n name_v the_o ordinary_a must_v commit_v the_o administration_n if_o she_o shall_v not_o come_v and_o appear_v she_o shall_v be_v excommunicate_a as_o i_o take_v it_o notwithstanding_o any_o allegation_n or_o intimation_n by_o her_o husband_n of_o his_o unwillingness_n to_o have_v she_o take_v upon_o she_o the_o executorship_n but_o suppose_v she_o do_v come_v into_o court_n and_o offer_v herself_o ready_a to_o take_v the_o executorship_n upon_o she_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n her_o husband_n express_v he_o disassent_v thereunto_o pray_v that_o she_o may_v not_o have_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n to_o she_o commit_v what_o will_v then_o be_v do_v this_o i_o confess_v pertain_v to_o another_o learning_n and_o not_o to_o that_o of_o our_o profession_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o i_o find_v that_o in_o the_o court_v spiritual_a a_o wife_n stand_v in_o the_o same_o plight_n and_o state_n as_o a_o woman_n sole_a the_o husband_n not_o intermedle_v with_o all_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o wife_n therefore_o do_v i_o conceive_v that_o in_o that_o court_n the_o husband_n refusal_n will_v not_o be_v of_o force_n to_o hinder_v the_o commit_n of_o the_o executorship_n to_o the_o wife_n not_o refuse_v at_o least_o if_o there_o come_v not_o a_o prohibition_n to_o stay_v the_o spiritual_a court_n such_o proceed_n but_o whether_o a_o prohibition_n be_v in_o such_o a_o case_n to_o be_v grant_v or_o not_o as_o i_o find_v no_o resolution_n in_o my_o book_n so_o will_v i_o not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o resolve_v this_o stand_v clear_a in_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n 1._o that_o the_o wife_n be_v under_o the_o husband_n power_n and_o can_v contradict_v he_o in_o plead_v and_o do_v other_o act_n even_o touch_v she_o own_o freehold_a 24._o nay_o she_o can_v take_v land_n nor_o good_n by_o gift_n or_o conveyance_n without_o her_o husband_n assent_n as_o the_o law_n have_v be_v and_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v be_v take_v but_o if_o once_o the_o will_v be_v prove_v and_o the_o execution_n thereof_o commit_v to_o the_o wife_n though_o against_o her_o husband_n mind_n and_o consent_n i_o think_v it_o will_v stand_v sirme_a and_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n be_v after_o sue_v can_v say_v that_o she_o be_v never_o executrix_fw-la and_o i_o doubt_v whether_o the_o wife_n administer_a without_o the_o husband_n privity_n and_o assent_n although_o the_o will_v be_v not_o prove_v do_v not_o conclude_v her_o husband_n as_o well_o as_o herself_o from_o say_v after_o in_o any_o suit_n against_o they_o that_o she_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o do_v ever_o administer_v as_o executor_n husband_n yet_o perhaps_o this_o administration_n by_o the_o wife_n against_o her_o husband_n mind_n will_v as_o against_o he_o be_v as_o a_o void_a act_n else_o can_v i_o see_v how_o brian_n opinion_n before_o cite_v viz._n that_o the_o wife_n shall_v not_o be_v a_o executor_n without_o or_o against_o her_o husband_n mind_n can_v be_v law_n on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o husband_n of_o a_o woman_n name_v executor_n will_v have_v his_o wife_n to_o take_v upon_o she_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n wife_n and_o to_o prove_v the_o same_o but_o she_o will_v not_o assent_v thereunto_o wish_v perhaps_o that_o gain_n and_o benefit_n rather_o to_o some_o of_o her_o kindred_n by_o way_n of_o administration_n then_o to_o her_o own_o husband_n by_o her_o executorship_n as_o sometime_o wife_n accord_v not_o well_o with_o their_o husband_n in_o this_o case_n i_o think_v the_o court_n spiritual_a will_v not_o fasten_v the_o executorship_n upon_o the_o wife_n against_o she_o will_n but_o dato_fw-la that_o the_o husband_n though_o the_o will_v be_v not_o prove_v do_v administer_v as_o in_o the_o wife_n right_a but_o against_o her_o mind_n and_o will_n shall_v she_o be_v now_o hereby_o bind_v and_o conclude_v so_o as_o after_o she_o can_v decline_v or_o avoid_v the_o executorship_n and_o sure_o i_o think_v that_o during_o her_o husband_n life_n she_o stand_v conclude_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o that_o there_o she_o shall_v not_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v sue_v alone_o as_o executor_n and_o then_o be_v sue_v with_o he_o she_o must_v join_v in_o plea_n with_o he_o viz._n that_o she_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o administer_v as_o executor_n and_o then_o this_o act_n of_o her_o husband_n give_v in_o evidence_n will_v as_o i_o take_v it_o cause_n that_o the_o verdict_n be_v find_v against_o she_o bill_n not_o so_o after_o her_o husband_n death_n then_o she_o may_v refuse_v as_o the_o lord_n dyar_n say_v and_o cit_v as_o resolve_v these_o thing_n i_o think_v good_a to_o offer_v to_o consideration_n and_o so_o leave_v they_o without_o resolution_n difference_n perhaps_o may_v be_v where_o a_o woman_n so_o make_v executor_n take_v a_o husband_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n before_o either_o prove_v or_o refuse_v to_o prove_v the_o will_n and_o where_o she_o be_v make_v executor_n during_o the_o coverture_n as_o there_o be_v in_o case_n of_o a_o descent_n of_o her_o land_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o a_o disseasor_n for_o when_o there_o be_v upon_o she_o such_o a_o state_n of_o election_n she_o marry_v before_o her_o resolution_n or_o determination_n do_v upon_o the_o matter_n deliver_v it_o into_o the_o husband_n hand_n not_o so_o where_o it_o first_o find_v and_o fall_v upon_o she_o in_o the_o state_n of_o coverture_n if_o the_o husband_n be_v indebt_v to_o the_o testator_n this_o make_n of_o the_o wife_n executor_n be_v as_o i_o take_v it_o a_o release_n in_o law_n as_o well_o as_o if_o she_o be_v the_o debtor_n but_o if_o after_o the_o testator_n death_n she_o do_v marry_v such_o a_o debtor_n it_o be_v a_o devastation_n the_o three_o point_n touch_v the_o administration_n or_o execution_n of_o the_o office_n of_o executor_n by_o a_o femme_fw-fr covert_n and_o her_o husband_n we_o will_v now_o come_v to_o admit_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_v assume_v by_o concurrent_a consent_n of_o husband_n

from_o the_o attainder_n and_o punishment_n incident_a to_o a_o felon_n regular_o it_o be_v thus_o but_o non_fw-la est_fw-la regula_fw-la quin_fw-la fall_v it_o one_o of_o much_o less_o year_n have_v attain_v ripeness_n of_o discretion_n and_o discern_a shall_v incur_v the_o like_a attainder_n as_o one_o of_o full_a age_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o 6._o touch_v a_o infant_n but_o of_o the_o age_n of_o nine_o year_n who_o have_v kill_v another_o boy_n of_o like_a age_n with_o his_o knife_n and_o then_o hide_v the_o slay_a boy_n and_o excuse_v the_o blood_n find_v upon_o he_o by_o say_v that_o his_o nose_n have_v bleed_v it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v hang_v as_o a_o felon_n his_o such_o nonage_n notwithstanding_o the_o other_o point_n touch_v which_o this_o age_n of_o fourteen_o year_n be_v especial_o material_a be_v touch_v a_o heir_n of_o land_n hold_v by_o socage_n for_o in_o case_n such_o heir_n be_v under_o that_o age_n he_o be_v to_o be_v in_o ward_n to_o the_o next_o kin_n but_o if_o he_o be_v of_o that_o age_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v in_o ward_n at_o all_o for_o that_o the_o law_n judge_v he_o to_o be_v of_o discretion_n at_o those_o year_n and_o therefore_o a_o guardian_n in_o socage_n be_v in_o effect_n but_o a_o bailiff_n accountable_a he_o have_v no_o need_n of_o such_o a_o one_o other_o than_o such_o as_o himself_o shall_v choose_v the_o three_o age_n in_o and_o touch_v male_n material_a be_v fifteen_o year_n for_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n or_o one_o have_v freeholder_n in_o socage_n or_o by_o knight_n service_n when_o his_o elder_a son_n come_v to_o that_o age_n viz._n fifteen_o year_n be_v to_o have_v of_o they_o aid_n for_o the_o make_n of_o he_o a_o knight_n towards_o which_o every_o one_o hold_v by_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n be_v to_o pay_v twenty_o shilling_n and_o so_o ratable_o for_o more_o more_o and_o less_o less_o and_o each_o hold_n twenty_o pound_n land_n in_o socage_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o like_a sum_n and_o so_o ratable_o for_o more_o or_o less_o the_o four_o age_n of_o male_n be_v the_o full_a age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n which_o make_v he_o free_a from_o wardship_n have_v land_n hold_v by_o knight-service_n descend_v unto_o he_o and_o also_o make_v he_o able_a to_o alien_a land_n or_o good_n make_v firm_a his_o bond_n statute_n recognizance_n etc._n etc._n for_o although_o at_o fourteen_o the_o law_n judge_v he_o of_o discretion_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o hold_v he_o full_o ripe_a till_o one_o and_o twenty_o the_o last_o age_n of_o male_n respect_v by_o the_o law_n be_v seventy_o year_n oblitum_fw-la at_o which_o time_n sheriff_n be_v to_o forbear_v to_o impanell_n they_o in_o juries_n 1._o and_o in_o case_n they_o do_v not_o such_o old_a man_n may_v have_v a_o write_v to_o the_o sheriff_n ground_v upon_o the_o statute_n for_o that_o purpose_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o ●_o command_v such_o sheriff_n to_o forbear_v the_o impanel_a of_o he_o and_o he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n to_o recover_v damage_n upon_o that_o statute_n this_o be_v call_v by_o most_o a_o writ_n of_o dotage_n a_o word_n perhaps_o ancient_o take_v in_o a_o good_a and_o favourable_a sense_n pro_n dote_v etatis_fw-la viz._n a_o gift_n privilege_n or_o exemption_n allow_v to_o age_n in_o favour_n thereof_o and_o as_o a_o benefit_n have_v thus_o by_o way_n of_o ingredient_n or_o introduction_n take_v view_n of_o these_o several_a age_n let_v we_o now_o see_v wherein_o and_o how_o age_n be_v material_a touch_v they_o who_o be_v to_o make_v or_o to_o be_v make_v executor_n and_o what_o age_n require_v thereabouts_o master_n perkins_n say_v 97._o that_o one_o of_o four_o year_n old_a may_v make_v a_o will_n and_o consequent_o executor_n and_o his_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o executor_n be_v to_o account_v before_o the_o ordinary_a do_n it_o can_v be_v intend_v but_o that_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v distribute_v for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o soul_n he_o speak_v as_o if_o he_o only_o make_v a_o executor_n by_o his_o will_n but_o do_v not_o bequeath_v any_o thing_n but_o leave_v all_o to_o the_o executor_n conscience_n and_o discretion_n which_o be_v not_o usual_a though_o fesible_a as_o before_o i_o have_v show_v or_o say_v at_o least_o but_o admit_v it_o be_v so_o and_o no_o bequest_n at_o all_o contain_v in_o the_o will_n yet_o since_o at_o that_o age_n a_o infant_n have_v no_o discretion_n to_o elect_v a_o fit_a person_n to_o distribute_v his_o good_n money_n and_o other_o thing_n no_o nor_o to_o make_v continuation_n of_o a_o executorship_n to_o another_o to_o who_o perhaps_o the_o infant_n be_v executor_n i_o can_v see_v that_o his_o will_n shall_v be_v of_o any_o force_n but_o if_o he_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o 14._o year_n be_v the_o age_n of_o discretion_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o law_n than_o i_o shall_v hold_v he_o able_a to_o make_v a_o will_n although_o yet_o he_o be_v a_o infant_n till_o twenty_o one_o year_n and_o can_v make_v no_o gift_n of_o land_n nor_o good_n which_o shall_v be_v of_o force_n and_o babington_n chief_a justice_n 6._o to_o other_o purpose_n make_v like_o distinction_n between_o a_o infant_n of_o such_o tender_a year_n and_o one_o come_v to_o the_o year_n of_o discretion_n so_o also_o as_o before_o we_o show_v be_v it_o in_o the_o case_n of_o felony_n and_o that_o way_n also_o sound_v that_o which_o hanck_n 22._o say_v in_o henry_n the_o four_o his_o time_n viz._n that_o a_o infant_n of_o 18._o year_n old_a may_v be_v a_o disseisor_n as_o imply_v that_o his_o year_n may_v be_v so_o tender_a 44._o that_o as_o candish_n say_v of_o a_o infant_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o his_o time_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v intend_v able_a to_o know_v or_o discern_v between_o good_a and_o evil_a i_o think_v therefore_o he_o shall_v be_v at_o the_o least_o of_o the_o age_n of_o discretion_n viz._n 14._o year_n who_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o make_v a_o will_n and_o consequent_o a_o executor_n and_o the_o custom_n for_o a_o infant_n of_o 15._o year_n old_a to_o bequeath_v by_o will_n have_v as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v 5._o affinity_n with_o this_o opinion_n though_o there_o the_o case_n be_v of_o land_n in_o a_o borough_n devisable_v by_o custom_n 6._o and_o that_o way_n reflect_v the_o case_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o infant_n under_o 15._o year_n of_o age_n shall_v not_o wage_v his_o law_n viz._n take_v a_o oath_n to_o acquit_v himself_o of_o a_o debt_n or_o excuse_v his_o default_n in_o a_o action_n real_a and_o further_a reason_n of_o this_o opinion_n will_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o consideration_n of_o a_o infant_n make_v a_o executor_n now_o touch_v a_o infant_n make_v executor_n how_o young_a soever_o he_o be_v the_o make_n of_o he_o so_o be_v not_o void_a but_o yet_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n which_o be_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o office_n of_o executor_n shall_v not_o be_v commit_v to_o he_o till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o age_n of_o 17._o year_n by_o the_o law_n spiritual_a and_o till_o then_o for_o that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v the_o part_n of_o a_o executor_n administration_n be_v to_o be_v commit_v to_o some_o other_o yet_o if_o it_o be_v a_o woman_n infant_n who_o be_v so_o make_v executrix_fw-la p._n in_o case_n she_o be_v marry_v to_o a_o man_n of_o 17_o year_n old_a or_o more_o now_o be_v it_o as_o if_o she_o be_v of_o that_o age_n and_o her_o husband_n shall_v have_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n and_o if_o administration_n be_v before_o commit_v during_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o woman_n eliz._n it_o shall_v now_o cease_v as_o be_v say_v in_o prince_n case_n yet_o i_o do_v a_o little_a marvel_n at_o these_o opinion_n consider_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v manage_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o by_o that_o law_n and_o it_o intermedle_n not_o with_o the_o husband_n in_o the_o wife_n case_n now_o by_o that_o law_n and_o not_o our_o common_a law_n come_v in_o this_o limit_n of_o 17._o year_n and_o i_o have_v see_v it_o otherwise_o report_v in_o and_o touch_v this_o last_o point_n further_n touch_v infant_n executor_n and_o under_o that_o age_n of_o 17._o year_n this_o be_v to_o be_v note_v viz._n that_o such_o a_o one_o be_v not_o able_a as_o a_o executor_n to_o assent_v to_o a_o legacy_n 29._o so_o as_o it_o may_v by_o virtue_n thereof_o settle_v in_o the_o legatee_n also_o if_o administration_n be_v during_o such_o minority_n commit_v with_o special_a word_n of_o restraint_n or_o limitation_n viz._n