to shew a difference between them and base Courts as Customary Courts Court-Barons County Courts Pipowders and such like as when a Plea of land is removed out of ancient Demesne because the land is Frank-fee and pleadable at the Common Law that is to say in the Kings Court and not in ancient Demesne or in any other base Court Thirdly and most usually by Common Law is understood such Laws as were generally taken and holden for Law before any Statute was made to alter the same as for example Tenant for life nor for years were not to be punished for doing Waste at the common Law till the Statute of Gloucester cap. 5. which gives an Action of Waste against them But Tenant by the courtesie and Tenant in dower were punishable for Waste at the Common Law that is by the usual and common received Laws of the Realm before the said Statute was made Common Pleas. COmmon Pleas is the Kings Court now held in Westminster-Hall but in ancient time moveable as appears by Magna Charta cap. 11. But Gwyn in the Preface to his Reading saith That untill the time that Henry the third granted the Great Charter there were but two Courts only called the Kings Courts the Exchequer and Kings Bench which was called Aula Regia because it followed the Court and that upon the grant of that Charter the Court of Common Pleas was erected and setled in a place certain viz. at Westminster and therefore all the Writs were made with this Return Quid sit coram Justiciariis meis apud Westmonasteriū where before the partie was commanded by them to appear coram Me vel Justiciariis meis without any addition of any place certain All Civil causes as well Real as Personal are or were in ancient time tried in this Court according to the strict Law of the Kingdom And by Fortescue cap. 50. it seems to have been the only Court for Real Causes The thief Iudge thereof is called The Lord chief Justice of the Common pleas accompanied with three or four Assistants or Associates who are created by the Kings Letters Patents and as it were installed or placed upon the Bench by the Lord Chancellor and Lord Chief Iustice of the Court as appears by Fortescue cap. 51. who expresses all the circumstances of this Admission The rest of the Officers appertaining to this Court are these The Custos Brevium three Prothenataries Chirographer fourteen Philasers four Exigenters Clerk of the Warrants Clerk of the Iuries Clerk of the Treasurie Clerk of the Kings Silver Clerk of the Essoines Clerk of the Outlawries Common day in plea of land COmmon day in plea of land Anno 13 R. 2. Stat. 1. cap. 17. signifies an ordinary day in the Court as Octabis Michaelis Quindena Paschae c. as you may see in the Statute ◠1 Hen. 3. concerning general days in the Bench. Commotes COmmotes seems to be a compound word of the Preposition Con and Motio that is Dictio Verbum and signifies in Wales part of a County or Hundred An. 28 H. 8. cap. 3. It is written Commoithes Anno 4 H. 4. cap. 17. and is used for a Gathering made upon the people of this or that Hundred by Welsh Minstrels Communi Custodia COmmuni Custodia is a Writ which didlie for that Lord whose Tenant holding by Knights service dies his eldest son within age against a stranger who entred the land and obtained the Ward of the body It seems to take name from the common Custome or right in this case which is That the Lord shall have the wardship of his Tenant untill his full age or because that it is common for the recovery both of the Land and Tenant as appears by the form thereof Old N. B. 89. Regist Orig. 161. Compromise COmpromise is a mutual Promise of two or more parties that are at controversie to submit themselves and all differences between them unto the Award Arbitrement or Iudgment of one or more Arbitrators indifferently chosen between them to determine and adjudge upon all matters referred and upon which the parties differ Computation COmputation is used in the Common Law for the true and indifferent Construction of time so that neither the one party shall do wrong to the other nor the determination of times referred at large be taken one way or other but computed according to the just censure of the Law As if Indentures of Demise are ingrossed bearing date the eleventh day of May 1665. to have and to hold the land in S. for three years from henceforth and the Indentures are delivered the fourth day of June in the year aforesaid In this case from henceforth shall be accounted from the day of the Delivery of the Indentures and not by any computation from the Date And if the said Indenture be delivered at four of the clock in the afternoon of the said fourth day this Lease shall end the third day of June in the third year for the Law in this Computation rejects all fractions or divisions of the day for the incertainty which alwayes is the Mother of contention So where the Statute of Inrollments made Anno 27 Henr. 8. cap. 16. is That the Writings shall be inrolled within six moneths after the Date of the same Writings indented if such Writings have Date the six months shall be accounted from the Date and not from the Delivery but if they want Date then it shall be accounted from the Delivery Co. li. 5. fol. 1. If any Deed be shewed to a Court at Westminster the Deed by Iudgment of the Law shall remain in Court all the Term in which it is shewed for all the Term in Law is but one day Co. lib. 5. fol. 74. If a Church be void and the true Patron doth not present within six months then the Bishop of the Diocess may collate his Chaplain but these six months shall not be computed according to 28 days to the month but according to the Kalendar And there is great diversity in our common speech in the singular number as a Twelve-moneth which includes all the Year according to the Kalendar and twelve-months which shall be computed according to 28 days to every month See Coke lib. 6. f. 61. b. Computo COmputo is a Writ so called of the effect because it compells a Bayliff Chamberlain or Receiver to yield his Account Old Nat. Brev. fol. 53. It is founded upon the Statute of Westm 2. cap 2. which you may for your better understanding read And it also lies for Executors of Executors 15 Ed. 3. Star de Provis Victual cap. 5. Thirdly against the Gardian in Secage for Waste made in the Minority of the Heir Malbr cap. 17. And see farther in what other cases it lies Reg. Orig. fol. 135. Old N. B. fol. 58. F. N. B. fol. 116. Concealers COncealers are such as find out lands concealed that is such lands as are secretly detained from the King by common persons having nothing to shew
to have and tohold the one half to one and his Heirs aud the other half to another and his Heirs in all these cases none of them knows his several If there be two or three Ioyntenants and one hath Issue and dies then he or those Ioyntenants that overlive shall have the whole by Survivorship If two Iointenants by agreement make Partition between them by Deed then they are several Tenants But if one Ioyntenant grant that which belongs to him to a Strang â—â— then the other Ioyntenantand the Stranger are Tenants in common And though two Tenants in common be seised throughly and of the whole and none knows his several yet if one die the other shall not make the whole by Survivorship but the Heir of him that dies shall have the half And so if there be three Ioyntenants and one of them makes a Feoffment of his part to another and the Feoffee dies then his Heir shall have the third part and the other two are Ioyntenants as they were because they two are seised by one joynt Title Also if Lands be given to the baron and his wife and the husband aliens and dies the wife shall recover the whole But if they were Ioyntenants before the Coverture then he shall recover but the half If Land be given to the husband and his wife and a third person if the third person grant that which belongs to him the one half passes by this Grant for that the baron and his wife are but one person in Law and in this case they have right but to half Also if two Ioyntenants are of Lands in a Town that is Borough-English where Land is devisable and one by his Testament devises that which belongs to him to a Stranger and dies this Devise is void and the other shall have the whole by Sutviver for that the Devise may not take effect till after the death of the Devisor and immediately after the death of the Devisor the right comes to the other Ioyntenant by Surviver who claims nothing by the Devisor but in his own right by Surviver But otherwise it is of Parceners seised of Lands devisable causa qua supra Journies accounts JOurnies accounts Dietae computatae is a term in the Law which is understood thus If a Writ be abated without the default of the Plaintiff or Demandant he may purchase a new Writ which if it be purchased by Journies accounts that is within as little time as he possibly can after the Abatement of the first Writ then this second Writ shall be as a Continuance of the first and so shall ouste the Tenant or Defendant of his Voucher Plea of Non-tenure Ioyntenancy fully administred c. or any other Plea which arises upon matter hapning after the date of the first Writ And fifteen days have been held a convenient time for the purchase of the new Writ See for this Writ by Journies accounts Spencers Case Coke lib. 6. fol. 9. b. Joynture JOynture is an Estate and Assurance made to a Woman in consideration of Marriage for term of her life or otherwise as is mentioned in the Statute of 27 H. 8. cap. 10. whether it be before or after Marriage And if it be after then she may at her liberty after the death of her husband refuse to take or have the Lands so assured for her Ioynture and demand her Dower at the Common Law But if it be made before Marriage then she may not refuse such Ioynture nor have Dower according to the Common Law unless that when she brings her Writ of Dower the Defendant pleads such a Plea as will not bar her of her Dower as if he say in Bar that her husband was not seised of such Estate whereof she might be endowed or any such Plea and doth not shew that she hath a Ioynture made c. and therefore demands Iudgment of that Action or any such like Plea c. And this was the opinion of Master Brograve at his Reading in Grays-Inn in Summer An. 1567. 18 Eliz. upon a Branch of the Statute made 27 H. 8. cap. 10. concerning Joyntures and Dowers And of those things whereof a Woman may be endowed she may have Ioynture as of Mines Vesturam terrae Woods Towns Is â— es Meadows and such like Also of an Advowson Reversion depending upon an Estate for Life Wind-mill high Chamber Rectory and such other and they are called Tenements Also of a Villain for he is an Hereditament And of all these profit may come to the woman But of those things whereof no profit will come but rather a charge a Ioynture cannot be made See Coke lib. 4. fol. 1. Vernons Case Jurisdiction JUrisdiction is a Dignity which a Man hath by a power to do Iustice in Causes of complaint made before him Juris utrum JUris utrum is a Writ that lies for the succeeding Incumbent of a Benefice to recover the Lands or Tenements belonging to the Church which were aliened by his Predecessor And see of this Fitz. N. B. fol. 48. R. and see after in the Title Utrum Juror JUror is one of those 24 or 12 men which are sworn to deliver a truth upon such Evidence as shall be given them touching the matter in question of which see Fitz. Nat. B. fol. 165. D. and the Statute 16 and 17 Car. 2. cap. for returning able and sufficient Jurors Justice seat JUstice seat is the highest Court that is held in a Forrest and it is always held before the Lord Chief Iustice â—â— Eyre of the Forrest upon mâ—â—ning 40 â— ays before And 〈◊〉 the Iudgments are always given and the Fines see for Offences that were presented at the Courts of Attachments and the Offenders indicted at the Swainmotes See concerning this Court Manwoods Forrest Laws cap 2 â— fol. 238. b. Justices in Eire JUstices in Eire See Eire Justicies JUsticies is a Writ directed to the Sheriff for the dispatch of Justice in some special Cases in his County-Court of which he cannot by his ordinary power hold Plea there And of this you may see Precedents in Fitzh N. B. fol. 117. C. in Account and fol. 152. B. in Annuity and fol. 119. G. in Debt and many others And it is called a Justicies because it is a Commission to the Sheriff to do a man right and it requires no Return or Certificate of what he hath done K. Keelage KEelage in Latine Killagium is a Custom paid at Hartlepool in Durham for every Ship coming into that Port. R of Parl. 21 E. 1. Kiddle KIddle or Kidel is a Dam or Wear in a River All Kidels shall from henceforth be utterly put down in the Thames and Medway and throughout all England except upon the Sea-coast Mag. Char. cap. 24. KIngs silver Kings silver is the Money which is due to the King in the Court of Common Pleas for a License there granted to any man to pass a Fine Coke lib. 6. fol. 39 43. Kintal KIntal is a Weight
Augmentation remains to this day wherein there are many Records of great use and importance Aumone AUmone or Tenure in Almoin is Tenure by Divine Service for so says Britton fol. 164. Tenure in Aumone is Land or Tenements given for Aims whereof some Service is reserved to the Feoffer or Donor Auncel weight AUncel weight was an ancient manner of Weighing in England by the hanging of balances or hooks at each end of a staff which the party lifted up upon his finger or with his hand and so discerned the equality or difference of the things weighed But this weight being subject to much deceit many Statutes were made to out it as the Stat. of 25 E. 3. c. 9. 34 E. 3. c. 5. 8 H. 6. c. 5. and others And it was called Auncel weight as much as to say Handsale Weight Ancient or Ancient Demesne ANcient demesne is a certain Tenure whereby all those Manors that were in the hands of S. Edward the Confessor and which he caused to be written in a Book called Dooms-day sub titulo Regis and all the Lands holden of the said Manors are held and the Tenants shall not be impleaded out of the said Manors and if they be they may shew the matter and abate the Writ but if they answer to the Writ and Iudgment be given then the Lands become frank-free for ever until that Iudgment be reversed by writ of Disceit Ra. Ent. 100 221. 2 R. 1. 11 H. 4. 36. 21 E. 3. 20. Also the Tenants in Ancient demesne are free of T â— ll for all things concerning their sustenance and Husbandry in ancient Demesne and for such Lands they shall not be put or impannelled upon any Enquest But all the Lands in Ancient Demes â— e that are in the Kings hands are frank-free and pleadable at the Common Law See more after in the Title Sokmans Avoir de pois AVoir de pois is as much as to say true or just weight And it signifies in our Law Two things first a kind of weight diverse from that which is called Troy Weight which hath but 12 ounces to the pound whereas Avoir de pois hath 16. Secondly it signifies such Merchandises as are weighed by this weight and not by Troy weight As you may see in the Statute of York 9. E. 3. 27 E. 3. c. 19 Stat. 2. c. 10. and the Statute of Glocester 2 R. 2. c. 1. Avowry AVowry is where one takes a Distress for Rent or other thing and the other sues Replevin then he that hath taken it shall Iustifie in his Plea for what cause he took it and if he took it in his own right he ought to shew that and so avow the taking and that is called his Avowry But if he took it in or for the right of another then when he hath shewed the cause he shall make conusance of the taking as Bailiff or servant to whom in whose right took it Avowterer AVowterer is an Adulterer with whom a married woman continues in Adultery the Crime is called Avowtry 43 E. 3. 19. Awme AWme is a Vessel that contains 40 galons of Rhen â— sh wine and is mentioned in the Statute made 1 Jac. c. 23. B Backberind Thief BAckberind Thief is a Thief taken with the manner that is having that found upon him being followed with a Hue and Cry which he hath stollen whether it be Money Linnen Wollen or other stuff but it is most properly said when he is taken carrying those things that he hath stolen in a bundle or fardel upon his Back Manwood in part 2. notes this for one of the circumstances or cases in which a Forester may arrest the body of any offender against Vert or Venison in the Forest which are Dog-draw Stable-stand Back-berind and Bloody-hand Badger BAdger is as much as to say Bagger of the French word Baggage id est Sarcina And it is used with us for one that is licenced to buy Corn or other Victuals in one place and carry them to another and such a one is exempted in the Statute made in the 5 and 6 of E. 6. cap. 14 from the punishment of an Ingrosser within that Statute Bail BAIL is when a man is taken or arrested for Felony suspicion of Felony indicted of Felony or any such case so that he is restrained of his liberty and being by Law bailable offers Surcties to those who have authority to bail him which Sureties are bound for him to the Kings use in a certain Sum of money or body for body that he shall appear before the Iustices of Goal-delivery at the next Sessions c. Then upon the Bonds of these Sureties as is aforesaid he is bailed that is set at liberty until the day appointed for his appearance Manwood in the first part of his Forest Law pag. 167. says There is a great diversity between Bail and Mainprise for he that is mainprised is always said to be at large and to go at his own liberty out of ward after he is put to Mainprise until the day of his Appearance by reason of Common Summons or otherwise But it is not so where a man is put to bail by four or two men by my Lord chief Iustice in Eyre of the Forest until a certain day for there he is always accounted by the Law to be in their ward and custody for the time and they may if they will hold him in ward or in Prison till that time or otherwise at their will so that he that is bail'd â— hall not be said by the Law to be at large or at his own liberty Bailement Bailement is a Delivery of things whether Writings Goods or Stuff to another sometimes to be delivered back to the Bailor that is to him that so delivered it sometimes to the use of the Bailee that is of him to whom it is delivered and sometimes also it is delivered to a third person This delivery is called a Bailment Bailiff BAiliff is an Officer that belongs to a Mannor to order the husbandry and hath authority to pay Quit-rents issuing out of the Mannor fei â— Trees repair Houses make Pales Hedges distrain Beasts doing hurt upon the ground and divers such like This Officer is he whom the ancient Saxons called a Reeve for the name Bailiff was not then known amongst them but came in with the Normans and is called in Latin Villicus There are two other sorts of Bailiffs that is Bailiffs errant and Bailiffs of Franchises Bailiffs errant are those that the Sheriff makes and appoints to go about the Country to execute Writs to summon the County Sessions Assises and such like Bailiffs of Franchises are those that are appointed by every Lord within his Liberty to do such Offices within his Precincts as the Bailiff errant doth abroad in the County This Bailiff distrains for Amerciaments in Courts held within the Mannor of which he is Bailiff But if such Court is by prescription to be
in the same signification cap. 3. And at this day Chapiters are called Articles for the most part and are delivered as well by the mouth of the Iustice in his Charge as by the Clerks in writing to the Enquest where in ancient time they were after an Exhortation given by the Iustices for the observation of the Laws of the Kings peace first read distinctly and openly in the full Court and then delivered in writing to the grand Enquest An example of these Chapiters there is in the Book of Assises fol. 138. pla 44. Chaplain CHaplain is he that performs Divine Service in a Chappel and therefore is commonly used for him that depends upon the King or other man of worth for the instruction of him and his Family the reading of Prayers and Preaching in his private house where usually they have a Chappel for that purpose And for that they are retained by Letters under the Seal of their Patron and thereby by intendment are to be resident with them the Law hath given liberty for their Non-residency upon their Benefices If an Earl or Baron retains a Chaplain and before his advancement is attainted of Treason there the Retainer is determined and after the Attainder such Chaplain cannot take a second Benefice because he that is attainted is by his Attainder a dead person in Law What and how many Chaplains Noblemen and others may respectively retain the Statute of 21 H. 8. c. 3. doth well declare The wife of a Baron during the Coverture cannot retain a Chaplain yet when a Baronnesse Dowager retains one or two according to the Proviso of the said Statute the Retainer is the principal matter and as long as the Retainer is in force and the Baronness continues a Baronness the Chaplains may well take two Benefices by the express letter of the Statute for it suffices if at the time of the Retainer the Baronness were a widow And herein this rule is to be observed of a woman that attains Nobility by Marriage as by marriage of a Duke Earl or Baron c. for in such case if she afterward marry under the degree of Nobility by such Marriage she loses the Dignity she had attained and after such latter Marriage the power to retain a Chaplain is determined But otherwise it is where a woman is Noble by Discent for there her Retainer before or after the Marriage with one that is not Noble shall be in force and is not countermanded by the Marriage nor determined by her taking a Husband under her degree Coke lib 4. fol. 118 119. Chapter CHapter in Latine is defined to be An Assembly of Clerks in a Church-Cathedral conventual regular or Collegiate and in another signification A place wherein the members of that Community treat of their common affairs and it hath other significations which appertain not to our purpose It may be said that this Collegiate company is termed Chapter metaphorically the word originally implying a little head for this Company or Corporation is as a Head not only to rule and govern the Diocesse in the vacation of the Bishoprick but also in many things to advise the Bishop when the See is full Charge CHarge is where a man grants a Rent issuing out of his land and that if the Rent be behind it shall be lawfull for him his heirs and assigns to distrain till the Rent be paid this is called a Rent-charge But if one grant a Rent-charge out of the land of another though after he purchase the land yet the Grant is void Charter land CHarter-land is such as a man holds by Charter that is by Evidence in writing which otherwise is called Free-hold Copyhold-lands before the Conquest were by the Saxons called Folkland and the Charter-lands Bockland And Lambert in the Explication of Saxon words saith That this land was held with more easie and commodious conditions then Folkland and Copyhold-land held without writing And his reason is because it is a free and absolute Inheritance whereas land without writing is charged with payment and bondage so that for the most part Noblemen and persons of Quality possess the former and Rusticks the other The first we call Free-hold and by Charter the other Land at the will of the Lord. If a Riot Rout or Vnlawful assembly be committed then by the Statute of 19 H. 7. c. 13. twenty men inhabiting within the County where the Riot c. is made whereof every of them shall have lands and tenements within the same County to the yearly value of twenty shillings of Charter-hold or Free-hold or twenty six shillings of Copyhold shall make enquiry thereof Charter-party CHarter-party is an Indenture of Covenants and Agreements made between Merchants or Mariners concerning their Sea-affairs and of this you may read in the Statute now out of use made 32 H. 8. cap. 14. Charters CHarters of Lands are Writings Deeds Evidences and Instruments made from one man to another upon some Estate conveyed or passed between them of Lands or Tenements shewing the names place and quantity of the Land the Estate time and manner of the doing thereof the Parties to the Estate delivered and taken the Witnesses present at the same with other circumstances Chartis reddendis CHartis reddendis is a Writ which lies against him that has Charters of Feoffment delivered him to be kept and refuses to deliver them Old Nat. Brev. fol. 66. Reg. orig fol. 159. Chase CHase is taken two wayes first to drive cattel as to chase a Distress to a Castle secondly for a Receit for Deer and Beasts of the Forest and it is of a middle nature between a Forest and a Park being commonly less then a Forest and not endued with so many Liberties as with Courts of Attachment Swainmore and Justice seat and yet of a larger compass and having greater diversity of Keepers and Game then a Park Crompt in his Book of Iurisdictions fol. 148. saith That a Forest may not be in the hands of a Subject but it presently looses the name and becomes a Chase and yet fol. 197. he saith That a subject may be Lord and owner of a Forest which though they seem contradictory yet are both his sayings in some sense true For the King may give or alienate a Forest to a Subject yet so that when it is once in the Subject it loses the true property of a Forest because the Courts of Swainmote Justice seat and Attachment presently vanish none being able to make a Lord chief Iustice in Eyre of the Forest but the King as Manwood hath well shewed as his Book of Forest Laws cap. 3. 4. Yet it may be granted in such large manner that there may be Attachment and Swainmote and a Court equivalent to a Justice Seat as appears by him in the same Chapter numb 3. So that a Chase differs from a Forest in this because it may be in the hands of a Subject which a Forest in its proper nature cannot be and from
ascuns lieus Capitagium vel Capitale argentum en ascuns lieus Certum Letae fuit al primes come semble grant al SnÌ„r vers le charge de son purchase del Leet ê‘ que les Resiants avoyent ore un aise pÌ„ faire lour Suit royal deins l' ManÌ„or nemy destre compells 〈◊〉 alter al Tourne le Viscount de fairÌ„ ceo Et pÌ„ cest CoÌ„mon Fine le SnÌ„r doit prescriber ne poit distre â— n pÌ„ ceo sans Prescription come appiert en Godfrey's Case en 11 R â— p. fo 44. b. Common Ley. COmmon Ley est pÌ„ le pluis part prise 3 voyes Prime â— mÌ„t pÌ„ les Leyes de cest RealmÌ„ simply sans ascuÌ„ aut ' Ley coÌ„e Customarie Civil Spiritual ou quecunque auter Ley joyne a ceo come quant est dispute en nostre Leyes de Engleterre quid doit de droit estrÌ„ determine ê‘ le Common Ley quid ê‘ Spiritual Ley ou le Court del Admiral ou tielx semblables SecondarimÌ„t il est pris pÌ„ les Courts le Roy come le Bank le Roy ou ComÌ„on Place taÌ„tsolemÌ„t pÌ„ monstre un difference perent ' eux less base Courts come Customary Courts Court-Barons County Courts Pipowders tielx semblables come quant un Plee de terre est remove hors de ancieÌ„t Demesne pÌ„ ceo que le terre est Frank-fee pleadable al Common Ley cest adire en le Court le Roy nemy en ancient Demesne ou en ascun aut base Court TiercemÌ„t pluis usualmÌ„ â— Common Ley est enten due tielx Leyes qÌ„ fueront generalmÌ„t prise tenus pÌ„ Ley devant qÌ„ asc ' Stat. fuit fait pÌ„ alt ' ceo coÌ„e pÌ„ example Tenant pÌ„ vie â— e pÌ„ ans ne fueront destre punish pÌ„ fesans Wast al Common Ley tanqÌ„ le Statute de Glouc. c. 5. le quel donÌ„ uÌ„ Action de Wast envers eux Mes Tenant ê‘ le curtesie T â— nant en dower fu â— ront punishable pur Wast al Common Ley cest adire per le usual common received Leys le Realm devant le dit Sta â— ute fuit fait Common Pleas. COmmon Pleas est le Court le Roy jamÌ„es tenus en le Sale de Westminster mes en ancient teÌ„ps moveable sicoÌ„e appiert ê‘ Mag. Char. c. 11. Mes Gwyn en le Preface a son Lecture dit Que jesque le temps que Henry le tierce grant le Grand Charter la fuerÌ„ forsqÌ„ deux Courts solemÌ„t appel les Courts le Roy de que uÌ„ fuit l'Eschequer l'auter le Banke le Roy quel fuit appel auxly Aula Regia pÌ„ ceo que el ensue le Court qÌ„ sur le grant de cel Chart ' le Court 〈◊〉 Common Pl â— es fuit erect settle eÌ„ un lieu certain viz. al Weminster pÌ„ ceo touts les Briefs fueront faits ove cest Returne Quod sit coram Justificariis meis apud Westmonasterium ou devant le party fuit commaund per eux de appearer coram Me vel Justiciariis meis sans ascun addition de ascun lieu certein Touts Civil causes cybien Real come Personal sont ou fueront eÌ„ ancient temps trye en cest Court accordant al strict Ley del RoyalmÌ„ Et ê‘ Fortescue cap. 50. il semble daver este le sole Court pur Real Causes Le primer Judge de ceo est appelle Seigniour Chiefe Justice del Common Plees accompany ove trols ou quater Assistants â— u Associates que sont create per Letters Patents del Roy sicome fuit enstalle ou place sur le â— ank ê‘ le Seigniour Chancellor Seigniour Chiefe Justice del Court come appiert ê‘ Fortescue ca. 51. que expresse touts les circumstances de cel Admission Le residue des Officers appertinant a cel Court sont ceux Le Custos Brevium trois Prothonotaries Chirographer dixe quater Philasers quater Exigenters Clerk des Garrants Clerk des Juries Clerk del Treasury Clerk de Argent le Roy Clerk des Essoines Clerk des Utlagaries Common jour en plee de terre COmmon jour en plee de terre Anno 13 R. 2. Stat. 1 cap. 17. signifie un ordinarie jour en le Court come Octabis Michaelis Quindena Paschae c. come poies veier en le Statute 51 H. 3. concernant gener l jours eu le Bank C â— mm â— tes COmmotes semble destre un parol composit del Preposition C â—â— Motio i. e. Dictio Verbum signifie en Gales le part dun Countie ou Hundred Anno 28 H. cap. 3. Il est escrie Commoithes An. 4. H. 4. ca. 17. est use pur un Collection fait sur les gents de ce â— ou cest Hundred ê‘ Minstrels de Gales Communi Custodia COmmuni custodia est un Brief que gisoit pur cel Seigniour le Tenant de quel reindrant p â— r service de Chivaler morust son eigne fils deins age envers un estranger que enter le terre obtaine le Gard del Corps Il semble de prender le nosme del common Custome ou droit en ceo case que est Que le Seigniour avera le Gard de son Tenant jesque son pleine age ou pÌ„ ceo que est common pur recoverie â— l Terre Tenant come appiert ê‘ le forme de ceo V â—â— l N. B. 89. Regist Orig. 161. Compromise COmpromise est un mutual Promise de deux ou plusors parties que sont al controversie pur submitter eux mesmes touts differeÌ„ces ent ' eux al Agard ArbitremeÌ„t ou JudgmeÌ„t â— l ua ou plusors Arbitrators ent ' eux indifferentment essi â— u pÌ„ determiner ad â— udger des touts matt's refe â— es sur que les parties differont Computation COmputation est use en le Common Ley pur le voyer indiff â— rent Construction de temps issint que ne le un partie ferra tort al auter ne le determination de termes referrÌ„ a large deste prise un voy ou auter mes compute accordant al droitural censure de la Ley. Come si Indentures de Demise sont i â— grosse portont date le unisme jour de May 1665. de aver tener le terre en S. pur tro â— s ans de cest temps les Indentures sont deliver le quart jour de June en le an avantdit En cest case de cest temps serra account del jour del Deliverie des Indentures nemy ê‘ asc ' computation del Date Et â— i le dit Indenture soit deliver al quart de la horologe puis meridie le dit quart jour cest Leas finiera le tierce jour de June en le tierce an car la Ley en cest Computation reject touts fractions ou divisions del jour pur le incertainty que touts foits est le
serra come uÌ„ ContinuaÌ„ce del primÌ„ BrÌ„e issint oustera l'Tenant ou Defendant de son Voucher Plee de non-tenure Joyntenancy pleinment administer c. ou ascun aut ' Plee que accrue sur matter apres le date del primÌ„ Brief Et quinze jours ont estrÌ„ reputes un convenient temps pur le purchase del novel Brief Veies pur cest Brief per Journies accounts Spencers Case Coke lib. 6. fol. 9. b. Joynture JOynture est un Estate Assurance fait al un Feme en consideration de Marriage pÌ„ terme de sa vie ou autermÌ„t come est mention en l'Statute 27 Hen. 8. cap. 10. soit il devant ou apres Marriage Et si soit apres donques el poit a sa libertie apres le mort de sa baron refuser d'prender ou aver les Terres issint assure pÌ„ sa Joynture demauÌ„d sa Dower a le Common Ley Mes si il soit fait devant Marriage donque el ne poit refuse tiel Joynture ne aver Dower accordant al Common Ley si non que quant el port sa Brief de Dower le Defendant pleade tiel Plee que ne voile luy barre de sa Dower sicome il d t en Barre que sa baron ne fuit seisie de tiel Estate de que il poit estre endowe ou ascun tiel Plee ne monstre que el ad un Joynture fait c. pur ceo demaund Judgement de cel Action ou ascun tiel semblable Plee c. Et ceo fult le opinionn de Monsieur Brograve al son Lecture en Grays-Inne en Summer An. 1567. 18 Eliz. sur un branch del Statute fait An. 27 H. B. cap. 10. concernant Joyntures Dowers Et de ceux choses de que un feme poite este endowe el poit aver un Joynture come de Mines Vesturam terrae Boys Villes Isles Meadows tiels semblables Item de un Advowson Reversion dependant sur un Estate pur vie Wind-mill hault Chamber Rectory tiels auters ils sont appels Tenements Item dun Villeine car il est Hereditament Et de touts ceux profit poit venÌ„ al feme Mes de ceux choses de que nul profit poit vener mes plustoit un charge un Joynture ne poit estre fait Veies pÌ„ c ' matter Co. lib. 4. fol. 1. Vernon's Case Jurisdiction JUrisdiction est un dignity qÌ„ un home ad per un povoir fair Justice en Causes de complaint fait devant luy Juris utrum JUris utrum est un Brief qÌ„ gist pur le Successor Incumbent dun Benefice pur recover les Terres ou TenemÌ„ts apperteinants al Esglise que fueront aliens per son Predecessor Et veies de ceo Fitz. N. B. fol. 48. R. veies apÌ„s Tit. Utrum Juror JUror est un de ceux 24 ou 12 homes qÌ„ sont jure al â— eliver le volerty sur tiel Evidence coÌ„e ils serra don touchant le matter en question de queux veies Fitz N. B. fol. 165. D. l' Stat. 16 17 Car. 2. cap. for returning able and sufficient Jurors Justice seat JUstice seat est le plus hault Court qÌ„ est 〈◊〉 eÌ„ un Forrest cest touts temps teÌ„us devant le SnÌ„r Chief Justice en Eyre del Forrest 〈◊〉 un 〈◊〉 mons ê‘ 40 jou â— s devant Et la les Judgments sont touts soits dones Fines assesses pÌ„ Offences que fueront present as Courts del Attachments les Offendors indicts as Swainmotes Veies de cest Court Manw. Forrest Leys cap. 24. fol. 238. b. Justices en Eire JUstices en Eire Veies Eire Justicies JUsticies est un Brief direct al Viscount pur l' dispatch del Justice en ascuns special cases en son County-Court des queu â— il ne poit ê‘ son ordinarie poyar tener Plee la. Et de ceo poies veier Precedents en Fitzh N. B. fol. 117. C. en Account fol. 152. B. en Annuity fol. 119. G. en Det plusors auters Et est appel un Justicies pur ceo que est un ComÌ„ission al Viscount ad justiciandum aliquem ne require ascun Returne ou Certificate de c ' que il ad fait K. Keelage KEelage en Latine Killagium est un Custome pay al Hartlepoole en Durham pur chescun neif veignant en ceo Port. Rot. Parl. 21. E. 1. Kiddle KIddle ou Kidel est un Dam ou Wear en un River Omnes Kidalli deponantur de caetero penitus per Thamesiam Medweyam per totam Angliam nisi per costeram Maris Magna Char. cap. 24. Kings silver KIngs silver est l' Argent que est debite al Roy en le Court de Common Plees pÌ„ un Licence y concesse al ascun home a passer un Fine Coke 6. fol. 39 43. Kintal KIntal est un Pois communement d'Cent livres greinder ou meins selon le Usage de divers Nations Monsieur Plowden en l' Case de Reniger Fogassa fait mention de c ' parol Knight-Service KNight-Service fuit un Tenure per quel pleusures Terres en cest Nation fuerÌ„ tenus del Roy. Mes il est abolie ê‘ Statute 12 Car. 2. cap. 24. L. Laches LAches ou Lasches est un veil parol Francois que signifie Negligence come appiert en Littl. sect 403 726. lou Laches del Entrie nest riens forsque un Neglect en le infant pÌ„ enter Issint que moy semble que poit estre un vieux parol Anglois Et qoÌ„t nous diomus Icy est Laches d'Entrie est tant adire come ley est Lache del Entrie Uncore jeo trove que Lascher en Francois est Laxare Lasche significat Ignavum vel Flaccidum pur ceo poit vener auxy del Francois Car Etymoligies soÌ„t divers plusors foits ad placitum Lagan LAgan est tiel parcel des Biens come les Mariners en le peril del Naufrage jectont hors del Niefe pÌ„ ceo que ils scavoient que les biens sont ponderous voilont sinke ils liont as eux un Boy ou Corke al intent que poient eux trover re-aver Si l' Niefe soit merge ou autermÌ„t perish ceux biens sont appels Lagan ou ligan a ligando cy longemÌ„t come ils continue sur le Mer ils appertinent al Admiral mes sils sont jects sur le TrÌ„e adonque ils sont appels Wreck apperteinent a celuy que avoit le Wreck come appiert en Coke l. 5. f. 106. Lageman LAgeman est Homo Legalis seu legitimus tiel que nous appellom ' Good men of the Iury. Le parol est trove en Dooms day-book Land-cheap LAnd-cheap est un payment de 10 d. les deniers pur chescu â— Mark del purchase des terrs deins le Borough de Maldon eÌ„ Essex ê‘ ê‘scription Quel vide
to the Polls Challenge to the Array is where Exception is taken to the whole number as impannelled partially Challenge to or by the Poll is where Exception is taken to any one or more as not indifferent Challenge to the Iurors is also divided into challenge principal and challenge for cause that is upon cause or reason Challenge principal or peremptory is that which the Law allows without cause alledged or Examination as a Prisoner at the Bar arraigned upon Felony may peremptorily challenge to the number of twenty one after another of the Iury impanuelled upon him not alledging any cause at all but his own dislike and they shall be discharged and new put into their places and this is in favor of life But in the case of High Treason no peremptory challenge is allowed See 25 H. 8. cap. 3. And a difference may be observed between challenge principal and challenge peremptory because challenge peremptory seems only to be used in matters Criminal and meerly without any cause alledged more than only the Prisoner's fansie Stamf. Pl. Cor. fol. 124. and principal for the most part in Civil Actions and with the namning of some Exception which being found true the Law presently allows As for example if any party saith that one of the Iurors is the Son Brother Cousin or Tenant to the other party or married to his daughter this is a good and strong Exception if it be true without farther examination of the credit of the party challenged And of how large extent this Challenge of Kindred is does well appear in Plow fol. 425. Also in the Plea of the death of any man and in every Action real and also in every Action personal where the debt or damages amounts to 40 marks it is a good challenge to any of the Iury impanelled That he cannot dispend forty shillings by the year of his own Free-hold An. 11 H. 7. cap. 21. Challenge upon reason or cause is when the party alledges any such Exception against one or more of the Iurors which is not forthwith sufficient upon acknowledgment of the truth thereof but rather arbitrable and consiverable by the rest of the Iurors as if the son of the Iuror had married the daughter of the adverse party This Challenge by cause seems to be termed by Kitch fo 92. Challenge for favor or rather Challenge for favor is there said to be a Species of Challenge by cause Where you may also read what Challenges are commonly accounted for principal and what not Chamberdekins CHamberdekins are Irish Beggars which by the Statute of 1 H. 5. c. 8. were by a certain time within the said Statute limited to avoid this Land Champertie CHampertie is a Writ that lies where two men are impleading and one gives the half or part of a thing in plea to a stranger to maintain him against the other then the party grieved shall have this Writ against the stranger And it seems that this hath been an ancient grievance in our Realm For notwithstanding divers Statutes and a form of a Writ framed unto them yet Anno 4 E. 3. c. 11. it was enacted That where the former Statutes provided redresse for this only in the King's Bench which then followed the Court it should be lawful for the Iustices of the Common Pleas likewise and Iustices of Assise in their Circuits to enquire hear and determine these and such cases as well at the Kings Suit as at the Suit of the party Also it was ordained by the Statute of 33 H. 8. which was confirmed by the Statute of 37 H. 8. c. 7. That Iustices of Peace at their Quarter Sessions should have authority to enquire as well by the Oaths of 12 men as by the information given to them by any person or persons of the defaults contempts and offences committed against the Laws and Statutes made and provided touching Champerty Maintenance c. and to hear and determine the said faults and offences Champertors are they that move Pleas and Suits or cause to be moved by their own or oothers procurement and sue them at their own costs to have part of the Lands or gains in variance See the Stat. Articuli suê‘ chartas c. 11. Chance-medley CHance medley is when a man without any evil intent doth a lawful thing or that is not prohibited by Law and yet another is slain or comes to his death thereby as if a man casts a stone which hits a man or woman who after dies thereof or if a man shoots an arrow and another that passes by is killed and such like this manner of killing is Man-slaughter by misadventure or Chance-medley for which the offendor shall have his pardon of course as appears by the Statute of 6 E. 1. c. 9. and he shall forfeit his goods in such manner as he that kills a man in his own defence But in this case it is to be considered whether he that commits this Man-slaughter by Chance-medley was in doing a lawfull thing for if the act was unlawfull as to fight at Barriers or run at Tilt without the Kings commandment or cast stones in a High-way where men usually pass or shoot arrows in a Market-place or such like whereby a man is killed in all these cases it is Felony at least that is Manssaughter if not Murther for the Offendor being doing an unlawful act of his own will the Law shall construe his meaning and will herein by the success of the act As if two are fighting together and a third man comes to part them and is killed by one of the two without any malice forethought or evil intent in him that killed the man yet this is Murther in him and not Man-slaughter by Chance-medley or Misadventure because they two that fought together were in doing an unlawful act And if they were met with prepensed malice the one intending to kill the other then it is Murther in them both Chancery CHancery is a Court of Law at Westminster for Suits for and against Attorneys Clerks and Officers of this Court this part of it and also the intelments of Deeds Patents is of Record And there is also a Court for Equity and their proceedings therein are entred in English and the Lord Chancellor or Keeper of the great Seal and Master of the Rolls are Iudges and the Writs are returnable there Coram Rege in Cancellaria Co. 4. Instit 78. Chapiter CHapiter is a Summary or content of all such matters as are enquirable before Iustices in Eyre Iustices of Assise or of the Peace in their Sessions so it is used 3 E. 1. c. 27. in these words And that no Clerk of any Iustice Escheator or Commissioner in Eyre shall take any thing for delivery of Chapiters but only Clerks of Iustices in their Circuits and likewise 13 E. 1. c. 10. in these words And when the time comes the Sheriff shall certifie the Chapiters before the Iustices in Eyre how many Writs he hath Also Britton uses it
Lessee pays the Rent to the Lessor and he receives it and puts it in his purse and afterwards upon review of it at the same time he finds that he hath received some counterfeit pieces aud thereupon refuses to take away the Money but re-enters for the Condition broken there his Entry is not lawful for when he hath accepted the Money this was at his peril and after this allowance he shall not take exception to any of it Collateral COllateral is that which comes in or adheres to the side of any thing as Collateral Assurance is that which is made over and beside the Deed it self For example if a man covenants with another and enters Bond for the performance the Bond is called Collateral Assurance because it is external and without the nature and essence of the Covenant And Crompton fol. 185. saith that to be subject to feeding the Kings Deer is collateral to the soil within the Forest In like manner we may say that the liberty to pitch Sheds or Standing for a Fair in the soil of another man is collateral to the land The private Woods of a common person within the Forest cannot be cut down without the Kings license for it is a Prerogative collateral to the soil Man part 1. pag. 66. Collateral Warranty See tit Warrantie Collation COllation is properly the bestowing of a Benefice by the Bishop that hath it in his own Gift or Patronage and differs from Institution in this for that Institution into a Benefice is performed by the Bishop at the motion and Presentation of another who is Patron of the same Church or hath the Patrons right for that time Yet Collation is used for Presentation in 25 E. 3. Stat. 6. and there is a Writ in the Regist 31. b. called De Collatione facta uni post mortem alterius c. directed by the Iustices of the Common Pleas commanding them to direct their Writ to the Bishop for the admitting a Clerk in the place of another presented by the King who during the Suit between the King and the Bishops Clerk deceased for judgment once passed for the Kings Clerk and he dying before he be admitted the King may give his Presentation to another Collusion COllusion is where an action is brought against another by his own agreement if the Plaintiff recover then such Recovery is called by Collusion And in some cases the Collusion shall be enquired of as in Quare impedit and Assise and such like which any Corporation or Body politick brings against another to the intent to have the Land or Advowson whereof the Writ is brought in Mortmain But in Avowry nor in any Action personal the Collusion shall not be inquired See the Stat. of Westm 2. c. 32. which gives the Quale jus and enquiry in such cases Colour COlour is feigned matter which the Defendant or Tenant uses in his barre when an Action of Trespass or an Assise is brought against him in which he gives the Demandant or Plaintiff a Shew at first sight that he hath good cause of Action where in truth it is no just cause but only a Colour and Face of a cause and it is used to the intent that the determination of the Action should be by the Iudges and not by an ignorant Iury of twelve men And therefore a Colour ought to be a matter in Law doubtfull to the common people As for example A. brings and Assise of land against B. and B. saith he himself did let the same land to one C. for term of life and afterward did grant the Reversion to A. the Demandant and after C. the Tenant for term of life died after whose decease A. the Demandant claiming the Reversion by force of the Grant whereto C. the Tenant for life did never atturn entred upon whom B. entred against whom A. for that Entry brings this Assise c. This is a good Colour because the common people think the land will pass by the Grant without Atturnment where indeed it will not pass c. Also in an Action of Trespass Colour must be given of which there are an infinite number one forexample In an Action of Trespass for taking away the Plaintiffs Beasts the Defendant saith that before the Plaintiff had any thing in them he himself was possessed of them as of his proper goods and delivered them to A. B. to deliver them to him again when c. and A. B. gave them unto the Plaintiff and the Plaintiff supposing the property to be in A. B. at the time of the gift took them and and the Defendant took them from the Plaintiff whereupon the Plaintiff brings an Action that is a good Colour and a good Plea See more hereof in Doctor and Student l. 2. c. 13. Colour is for this cause viz. where the Defendant justifies by title in trespass or Assize if he do not give the Plaintiff Colour his plea amounteth only to not guilty for if the Defendant hath title he is not guilty 1 Co. 79. 108. Colour of Office COlour of Office is always taken in the worst part and signifies an act evilly done by the countenance of an Office and it bears a dissembling face of the right of the Office whereas the Office is but a vail to the falshood and the thing is grounded upon vice and the Office is as a shadow to it But by reason of the Office and by virtute of the Office are taken always in the best part and where the Office is the just cause of the thing and the thing is pursuing the Office Plo. in Dive Man case sol 64. a. Combat COmbat in our ancient Law was a formal Trial of a doubtful Cause or quarrel by the Sword or Bastons of two Champions See Glanvile l. 14. c. 1. Britton c. 22. and Dyer fol. 301. num 41. Commandment COmmandment is taken in divers significations sometimes for the Commandment of the King when by his mere motion and from his own mouth he casts any man into prison Stamf. Plac. Coron fol. 72. or of the Iustices And this Commandment of the Iustices is either absolute or ordinary Absolute as when upon their own authority or wisdom and discretion they commit any man to prison for a punishment Ordinary is when they commit one rather to be safely kept then for punishmenr and a man committed by such ordinary Commandment is bailable Placit Cor. fol. 73. Commandment is again used for the offence of him that wills another man to transgresse the Law or to do any such thing as is contrary to the Law as Murther Theft or such like Bract. l. 3. tract 2. c. 19. The Civilians call this Commandment Angelus de maleficiis Commendrie COmmandrie was the name of a Manor or chief Messuage with which Lands or Tenements were used belonging to the late Priory of S. John of Jerusalem untill they were given to King Henry the eighth by Statute made in the 32 year of his reign And he who
have been taken for such as a man retains to speak for him in any Court as Advocates and Pledeurs to be another sort as Attorneys for one that is present himself but suffers another to speak for him Countours according to M. Horne are such Sergeants skilful in the Law which serve the common people to defend their Actions in Iudicature for their fee. Countee COuntee so called a comitando because they accompany the King was the most eminent and high dignity from the conquest untill the 11 year of King Ed. 3. when the Black Prince was created Duke of Cornwall and those who of ancient time were created Countees were of the Blood-Royal aud at this day the King in all his appellations stiles them by the name of Our most dear Cousin And for these causes the Law gives them high and great Priviledges and therefore their body shall not be arrested for Debt Trespasse c. because the Law intends that they assist the King with their counsel for the publick good and keep the Realm by their prowesse and valour Also for the same cause they shall not be put in Iuries although it be for the service of the Country And if issue be taken whether the Plaintiff or Defendant be a Countee or not this shall not be tried by the Countrey but by the Kings Writ Also the Defendant shall not have a day of favour against a Lord of the Parliament because he is intended to attend the publick And of ancient time the Countee was Praefectus or Praepositus Comitatus and had the charge and custody of the County and now the Sheriff hath all the authority for administration and execution of Iustice which the Countee had Cok. lib. 9. fol. 49. and therefore he is called Viscount Countenance COuntenance seems to be used for Credit or Estimation Old Nat. Brev. 111. in these words The Attaint shall be granted to poor men that will take their oaths they have not any thing whereof to make their Fine saving their Countenance In the same manner it is used 1 Edw. 3. Stat. 2. cap. 4. in these words Sheriffs shall charge the Kings Debtors with as much as they may levy with their oaths without abating the Debtors Countenance Countermand COuntermand is where a thing formerly executed is afterward by some act or ceremony made void by the party that hath first done it As if a man hath made his last Will whereby he devises his Land to J. S. and afterwards he infeoffs another of the same Land there this Feoffment is a Countermand to the Will and the Will as to the disposition of the Land is void If a woman seised of Land in fee makes a Will in writing and devises that if A. of B. survives her then she devises and bequeaths to him and his heirs her Land and afterward she entermarries with the said A. of B. there by taking him to husband and coverture at the time of her death the Will is Countermanded But if a Baroness widow retains two Chaplains according to the Statute and takes one of the Nobility to husband and afterwards the husband dies the Reteiner of those two Chaplains remains and they without new Reteiner may take two Benefices for their Reteiner was not determined nor countermanded by such Marriage If a woman makes a Lease at will and afterwards takes an husband this Marriage is no Countermand to the Lease without express matter done by the Husband after the Marriage to determine the Will Also if a Lease be made at will to a woman and she takes an Husband the Lease continues notwithstanding the Marriage and is no Countermand thereunto Counterplea COunterplea is when one brings an Action and the Tenant in his Answer and Plea vouches or calls any man to warrant his Title or prayes in aid of another who hath better Estate than he as of him that is in the Reversion or if one that is a stranger to the Action come and pray to be received to save his Estate if the Demandant reply thereto and shew cause that he ought not to vouch such a one or of such a one to have aid or that such a one ought not to be received this Plea is called a Counterplea to the Voucher Aid or Resceit as the case is But when the Voucher is allowed and the Vouchee comes in and demands what cause the Tenant hath and the Tenant shews his cause and the Vouchee pleads any thing to avoid the Warranty that is called a Counterplea in the Warranty Countie COuntie signifies as much as Shire both containing a compasse or portion of the Realm into which all its land is divided for the better government thereof and more easie administring of Iustice so that there is not any part of the Kingdom that lies not within some County and every County is governed by a yearly Officer whom we call Sheriff who among other duties belonging to his Office puts in execution all the Commandments and Iudgments of the Kings Courts that are to be executed within the compasse Fortesc ' cap. 24 Of these Counties there are four more remarkable than others called County Palatines as Lancaster Chester Durham and Ely an 5. El. c. 23. There was also the County Palatine of Hexam an 33 H. 8. cap. 10. but thereof quaere A County Palatine is of so high a nature that whereas all Pleas touching the life or maihem of a man called Pleas of the Crown are usually held and sped in the Kings name and cannot be passed in the name of any other the chief Governours of these by special Charter from the King heretofore did send out all Writs in their own name and did all things touching Iustice as absolutely as the Prince himself in other Counties onely acknowledging him to be their Superiour and Soveraigne But by the Statute of 27 H. 8. cap. 25. this power was much abridged which fee and Cromp. Jurisdict 137. Besides these two sorts of Counties there are also Counties corporate as appears by the Statute of 3 Ed. 4. 5. and these are certain Cities or ancient Boroughs of the Land upon whom the Princes of this Nation have bestowed such extraordinary Liberties as London York Chester Gloucester and many others County in another signification is used for the County Court which the Sheriff keeps every moneth within his charge either by himself or his Deputy See for this Dal â— on s Office of Sheriffs Of these Counties or Shires there are reckoned to be 37 in England besides the twelve in Wales Court COurt is diversly taken sometimes for the House where the King remains with his ordinary retinue and also the place where Iustice is judicially ministred of which you may find 32 several sorts in Cromp. Jurisd well described And of those the greater part are Courts of Record some are not and therefore accounted Base Courts in comparison of the others Besides these there are also Courts Christian so called because they handle matters chiefly
And the Escheator is an Officer of Record and may ordain an under-Escheator as the Sheriff may an under-Sheriff yet the Escheator cannot return any Office by vertue of his Office but he shall be punished See F. N. B. 100. Office Escaetriae is the Escheatorship Reg. orig fol. 259. Exchequer EXchequer Scaccarium comes of the French word Eschequier id est Abacus which in one signification is taken for a Counting-Table or for the art or skill of Counting And from thence as some think the place or Court of the Receits and Accounts of the Revenues of the Crown is called the Exchequer Others have otherwise derived the name But the Exchequer is defined by Crompton in his Jurisd of Courts fol. 105. to be a Court of Record wherein all Causes touching the Revenues of the Crown are handled Escrow AN Escrow is a Deed delivered to a third person to be the Deed of the party upon a future condition And is called in Latine Schedula Rast Ent. 181. Escuage EScuage in Latine Scutagium that is Service of the Shield and he that held by Escuage held by Knight-service and to that did belong Ward Marriage and Relief c. But see the Stat. 12 Car. 2. c. 24. for taking away the Court of Wards and Liveries and turning all Tenures into free and common Soccage Escuage was a certain Sum of mony levied by the Lord of his Tenant after the quantity of his Tenure when Escuage ran through all England and was Ordained by all the Council of England how much every Tenant should give his Lord and that was properly to maintain the wars against Scotland or Wales and not against other Lands for that those Lands did of right belong to the Realm of England See Lit. lib. 2. cap. 3. Eslisors ARe persons nominated by a Court of Law to whom a Venire facias is directed by challenge to the Sheriff and Coroners who return the Writ in their own names with a panel of the Iurors names 15 E. 4. 24. pl. 4. Esnecy ESnecy is a Priviledge given the eldest Coparcener to choose first after the Inheritance is divided Flet. lib. 5. cap. 10. Esplees ESplees is the Profit or Commodity that is to be taken of a thing As of a Common the taking of the Grass by the mouths of the Beasts that common there of an Advowson the taking of gross Tithes by the Parson of Wood the â— elling of Wood of an Orchard the selling of Apples and other Fruit growing there of a Mill the taking of Toll are the Esplees and of such like And note that in a Writ of Right of Land Advowson or such like the Demandant ought to alledge in his Count that he or his Ancestors took the Esplees of the thing in demand otherwise the Pleading is not good Essendi quietum de Tolonio ESendi quietum de Tolonio is a Writ to be quit of Toll and lies in case where the Citizens or Burgesses of any City or Borough have been acquitted of Toll by the Grant of the Kings Progenitors throughout the whole Realm or by Prescription then if any man of the said Cities or Boroughs come with his Merchandises to any Town Fair or Market and there put them to sale or buy any Merchandises if the Officers of the said Town will demand any Toll of him against the Kings Charter or against the Vsage and Custom he may sue and have such a writ Fitz. N. B. fol. 226. Regist original fol. 258. Essoine Essoine Where an Action is brought and the Plaintiff or Defendant may not well appear at the day in Court for one of the five causes under specified he shall be Essomed to save his default There are five manner of Essoins viz. Essoine De ouster le mere by which the Defendant shall have a day by forty days The second is De terra sancta and upon this the Defendant shall have a day by a year and a day and these two shall be laid in the beginning of the Plea The third Essoin is De male vener and that shall be adjourned to a common day as the Action requires and this is called the Common Essoine and when and how this Essoine shall be see the Statutes and the Abridgment of Statutes where it is well declared The fourth is De malo lecti and that is only in a Writ of Right and thereupon there shall a Writ go out of the Chancery directed to the Sheriff that he shall send four Knights to see the tenant and if he be sick to give a day after a year and a day The fifth Essoine is De service del Roy and it lies in all Actions except i â— Assise De Novel Disseisin Writ of Dower Darreine presentment and in Appeal of Murther but in this Essoine it behoves at the day to shew his warrant or else it shall turn to a Default if it be in a Plea real or else he shall lose xx s. for the journey or more by the discretion of the Iustice if it be in a Plea personal as it appears by the Statute of Gloucest cap. 8. Essoino de malo lecti ESsoino de malo lecti is a writ directed to the Sheriff to send four lawful Knights to view one that hath essoined himself De malo lecti Reg. Orig. fol. 8. b. Establishment de Dower EStablishment de Dower seems to be the Assurance of Dower made by the husband or his friends before or at the time of the Marriage And Assignment of Dower is the Setting it out by the Heir afterward according to the Establishment Brit. cap. 102 103. Estandard EStandard or Standard signifies an Ensign in war but is also used for the principal or Standing Measure of the King to the proportion whereof all the Measures through the Land are and ought to be framed by the Clerk of the Market Aulneger or other Officer according to their Function For it was established by Magna Charta ann 9 H. 3. c. 25. that there should be but one scantling of Weights and Measures through all the Realm which is since confirmed by An. 14 Ed. 3. cap. 12. and many other Statutes as also that all should be â— itted to the Standard sealed with the Kings Seal And there is good reason that it should be called a Standard because it stands constant and immoveable and hath all other Measures coming towards it for their conformity as Souldiers in the Field have their Standard or Colours for their direction in their March or Skirmish Of these Standards and Measures read Britton cap. 30. See the Statute 17 Car. 1. cap. 19. Estate EState is that Title or Interest that a man hath in Lands and Tenements as Estate simple otherwise called Fee-simple and Estate conditional or upon Condition which is either upon Condition in Deed or upon Condition in Law See Littleton lib. 3. cap. 5. Estoppel EStoppel is when one is concluded and forbidden in Law to speak against his own act or deed yea though it be
always put in the latter end of Deeds without which words the Deed is insufficient And because we are about Sealing and Signing of Deeds it shall not be much amiss here to shew you for Antiquities sake the manner of Signing and Subscribing Deeds in our Ancestors the Saxons time a fashion Differing from that we use now in this That they to their Deeds subscribed their Names commonly adding the Sign of the Cross and in the end did set down a great number of Witnesses not using at that time any kind of Seal And we at this day for more surety both subscribe our Names though that be not very necessary and put to our Seals and use the help of Witnesses besides That former fashion continued absolute until the time of the Conquest by the Normans whose manners by little and little at the length prevailed amongst us for the first Sealed Charter in England is thought to be that of King Edward the Confessour to the Abbey of Westminster who being educated in Normandy brought into this Realm that and some other of their Fashions with him And after the coming of William the Conquerour the Normans liking their own Country Custom as naturally all Nations do rejected the manner that they found here and retained their own as Ingulphus the Abbot of Croiland who came in with the Conquest Witnesses saying The Normans do change the making of Writings which were wont to be firmed in England with Crosses of Gold and other holy Signs into an impression of Wax and reject also the manner of the English Writing Howbeit this was not done all at once but it increased and came forward by certain degrees so that first and for a season the King only or a few other of the Nobility used to Seal then the Noble-men for the most part and none other Which thing a man may see in the History of Battel Abbey where Richard Lucie Chief Iustice of England in the time of King Henry the Second is reported to have blamed a mean Subject for that he used a private Seal whereas that pertained as he said to the King and Nobility only At which time also as J. Rosse notes it they used to ingrave in their Seals their own Pictures and Counterfeits covered with a long Coat over their Armors But after this the Gentlemen of the better sort took up the Fashion and because they were not all Warriors they made Seals ingraven with their several Coats or Shields of Arms for difference sake as the same Author reports At length about the time of King Edward the third Seals became very common so that not only such as bare Arms used to Seal but other men also fashioned to themselves Signers of their own devices some taking the Letters of their own Names some Flowers some Knots and Flourishes some Birds and Beasts and some other things as we now yet daily see used Some other manners of Sealing besides these have been heard of among us as namely that of King Edward the third by which he gave to Norman the Hunter The Hop and the Hop-Town With all the bounds upside down And in witness that it was sooth He bit the Wax with his foretooth The like to this was shewed me by one of my Friends in a loose Paper but not very anciently written and therefore he willed me to esteem of it as I thought good It was as follows I William King give to thee Powlen Royden my Hop and my Hop-Lands with all the bounds up and down from Heaven to Earth from Earth to Hell for thee and thine to dwell from me and mine to thee and thine for a Bow and a broad Arrow when I come to hunt upon Yartow In witness that this is sooth I bit this Wax with my tooth in the presence of Magge Maud and Margery and my third son Henry Also that of Alberick de Vere containing the Donation of Hatfield to which he affixed a short black-hafted knife like an old half-peny whittle instead of a Seal with Divers such like But some peradventure will think that these were received in common use and custom and that they were not the devices and pleasures of a few singular persons such are no less deceived then they that deem every Charter and Writing that hath no Seal annexed to be as ancient as the Conquest whereas indeed Sealing was not commonly used till the time of King Edw. 3. as hath been already said 3. Delivery though it be set last is not the least for after a Deed is written and sealed if it be not delivered all the rest is to no purpose And this Delivery ought to be done by the party himself or his sufficient Warrant and so it will binde him whosoever wrote or sealed the same and by this last act the Deed is made perfect according to the intent and effect of it and therefore in Deeds the Delivery is to be proved c. Thus you see Writing and Sealing without Delivery is nothing to purpose Sealing and Delivery where there is no Writing work nothing And Writing and Delivery without Sealing make no Deed Therefore they all ought joyntly to concur to make a perfect Deed. Faitour FAitour is a word used in the old repealed Statute of 7 R. 2. cap. 5. and it is there taken in the worser sense for an Evil doer or an Idle companion and it seems there to be a Synomymon to Vagabond Fardingdeale FArdingdeal otherwise Farundel of Land signifies the Fourth part of an Acre Cromptons Jurisd fol. 220. b. Quadrantata terrae is read in the Reg. orig fol. 1 b where you may have Denariata and Obolata Solidata and Librata terrae which by probability must rise in proportion of quantity from Fardingdeal as a Half-peny Peny Shilling or Pound rise in value or estimation then must Obolata be Half an Acre Denariata the Acre Solidata Twelve Acres and Librata Twelve score Acres Yet in the Reg. orig fol. 94 and 248. you may find viginti Libratas terrae vel reditus whereby it seems that Librata terrae is as much as yields twenty shillings by the year and centum Solidatas terrarum tenementorum redituum fol. 249. And in F. N. B. f. 87. there are these words Viginti Libratas terrae vel reditus which proves this to be so much Land as is rated at twenty shillings by the year See Furlong Farm or Ferm FArm or Ferm is usually the chief Messuage in a Village or Town whereto belongs great Demeans of all sorts and hath been used to be let for term of Life Years or at Will The Rent that is reserved upon such a Lease or the like is called Farm or Ferm And Farmor or Fermor is he that Tenants the Farm or Ferm or is Lessee thereof Also generally every Lessee for life years or at will is called Farmor or Fermor And note That they are calltd Farms or Ferms of the Saxon word Feormian which signifies to Feed or yield Victual For in ancient
Prebend for that the Temporalties of the Bishoprick were in his hands by the death of W. late Bishop c. The Defendant saith that it was not void the Temporalties being in the Kings hand by the death of W. This is a Negative pregnant for it may be in the Kings hands otherwise then by the death of W. and it suffices the King if it be in his hands by any means c. So is it where an Information was brought in the Exchequer against J. S. for that he bought Wool of J. N. between Shearing-time and the Assūmption such a Year The Defendant saith he did not buy any of J. N. as it is alledged c. This is called a Negative pregnant for if he bought it of any other yet he is culpable for the buying Neif or Nief NIef is a Woman that is bound or a Villain Woman but if she marry a Freeman she is thereby made free because she and her Husband are but one person in Law and she ought to be of the same nature and condition in Law to all intents as her Husband is but her Husband is free to all intents without any condition in Law or otherwise and so by consequence the Wife ought to be and is free according to the nature of her free Husband And then if she were once free and clearly discharged of Bondage to all intents she cannot be Nief after without special act done by her as Divorce or Confession in Court of Record and that is in savor of Liberty And therefore a Free woman shall not be Bound by taking of a Villain to her Husband but their Issue shall be Villains as their Father was which is contrary to the Civil Law for there it is said The Birth follows the Belly Bondage or Villainage had beginning amongst the Hebrews and its original of Chanaan the son of Cham who because he had mocked his father Noe to scorn lying dissolutely when he was drunk was punished in his son Chanaan with penalty of Bondage Ne. Injuste vexes NE injuste vexes Look in the Title Monstraverunt Next Friend NExt Friend See Prochein Amy. Nihil dicit NIhil dicit is when an Action is brought against a Man and the Defendant appears the Plaintiff declares and the Defendant will not answer or pleads to the Action and doth not maintain his Plea but makes Default now upon this Default he shall be condemned because he Saith nothing Nisi prius NIsi prius is a Writ judicial and lies where an Enquest is empanelled and returned before the Iustices of the Bench then the Plaintiff or Defendant may have this Writ directed to the Sheriff commanding him to cause the Enquest to come before the Iustices in the same County at their coming and that for the ease of the Enquest Nomination NOmination is where one may in right of his Mannor or otherwise nominate and appoint a worthy Clerk or man to a Parsonage Vicarage or such like Spiritual promotion 〈◊〉 note that this Nomination ought to be another then the Ordinary which other shall present him to the Ordinary Non-ability NOn-ability is where an Action is brought against one and the Defendant says that the Plaintiff is disable to sue an Action and demands Iudgment if he shall be answered There are six causes of Non-ability in the Plaintiff as if he be an Outlaw or an Alien born but that Disability is in Actions real and mixt only and not in Actions personal except he be an alien enemy or condemned in Praemunire or professed into an Abby Priory or Friety or Excommunicate or a Villain aud sues his Lord. But this last is no Plea for another that is not Lord to the Villain See more hereof Littl. l. 2. c. 11. Non-age NOn-age is all that time of a mans age under 21 years in some cases and 14 in others as Marriage See Broke Tit. Age. Non-claim NOn-claim is the Omission or neglect of him that ought to challenge his Right within a time limitted by which neglect he is either barred of his Right as at this day upon Non claim within five years after a Fine and right to him accrued by the Statute of 4 H. 7. c. 24. or of his Entry by a discent for want of Claim within five years after the Disseisin made by the Statute of 32 H 8. cap. 33. Non omittas propter libertatem NOn omittas propter libertatem is a Writ that lies where the Sheriff returns upon a Writ to him directed that he hath sent to the Bailiff of such a Franchise which hath Return of Writs and he hath not served the Writ then the Plaintiff shall have this Writ directed to the Sheriff that he himself enter into the Franchise and execute the Kings Writ Also the Sheriff shall warn the Bayliff that he be before the Iustices at the day contained in the Writ and if he come not and excuse himself then all the Writs judicial which shall pass out of the Kings Court during the same Plea shall be Writs De non omittas c. and the Sheriff shall make execution of them depending that Plea Non-suit NOn-suit is the Renouncing of a Suit by the Plaintiff or Defendant when the matter is in probability to proceed after the Tenant or Defendant hath appeared c. And see the Statute of 2 H. 4. c. 7. in what cases a man cannot be Non-suit and 23 H 8. cap. 15. and 8 Eliz. c. 2. and 4 Jac. c. 3. where he that is Non-suit shall pay Costs to the Defendant Non sum informatus NOn sum informatus is a formal Answer made by an Attorny who is commanded by the Court to say something in Defence of his Client by which he is deemed to leave his Client undefended and so Iudgement passes for the other party Novel Assignment NOvel assignment is where a man brings Trespass for breaking his Close And the Defendant justifies in a place where no Trespass was done then the Plaintiff assigns the Close where it was to which the Defendant may plead Not guilty or justifie by Title And there are other Replications in Battery and other Trespasses as if the Defendant in Battery justifies by a Writ The Plaintiff replies that after the Retorn of it the Plaintiff in that Suit discharged the Plaintiff out of Prison and that the Defendant after that Imprisoned him now the Defendant must answer to that Replication Bare or Naked Contract BAre Contract or Naked Promise is where a Man bargains or sells Lands or Goods or promises to give one Money or a Horse or to build a House or do such a thing at such a day and there is no recompence appointed to him for the doing thereof as if one say to another I sell or give to you all my Lands or Goods and there is nothing appointed assigned or agreed upon what the other shall give or pay for it so that there is not one thing for another this is a Naked Contract and void in
Tenements but only the King in right of his Crown because all the Lands through the Realm are in nature of Fee and hold mediately or immediately of the Town This word nevertheless is used for such right in Lands and Tenements as common persons have in the same And there are three manner of rights of Property that is Property absolute Property qualified and Property possessory Of which see at large Cok. lib. 7. Case de Swans fol. 17. Proprietary PRoprietary is he that hath a Property in any thing but is most commonly used for him who hath the Profits of a Benefice to him and his Heirs or to himself and his Successors as in times past Abbots and Priors had Protection PRotection is a Writ that lies where a man will pass over the Sea in the Kings service then he shall have this Writ whereby he shall be quit of all manner of Pleas between him and any other person except Pleas of Dower Quare impedit Assise of Novel disseisin Darrein presentment and Attaints and Pleas before Iustices in Eyre But there are two Writs of Protection one cum clausula Volumus and another cum clau â— ula Nolumus as appears in the Register But a Protectiou shall not be allowed in any Plea begun before the date of it if it be 〈◊〉 in Veyages where the King himself shall pass or other Voyages Royal or in Messages of the King of affairs of the Realm Nor shall a Protection be allowed for Victual brought for the voyage whereof the Protection makes mention nor in Pleas of Trespass or of Contracts made after the date of the Protection Note that any may attach or begin any Action real against him that hath such Protection and therein proceed until the Defendant comes and shews his Protection in the Court and hath it allowed and then his Plea or Suit shall go without day But if after it appears that the party who hath the Protection goes not about the affairs for which he hath it then the Demandant shall have a Repeal thereof And if he go and return after the business ended the Demandant shall have a Resummons to recontinue the former Suit Protestation PRotestation is a form of Pleading when any will not directly affirm nor directly deny anything that is alledged by another or which he himself alledges And it is in two sorts One is when one pleads any thing which he dare not directly affirm or cannot plead for doubt to make his plea double As if in conveying to himself a Title to any Land he ought to plead divers Discents by divers persons and he dare not affirm that all they were seised at the time of their death or although he could do it it shall be double to plead two Discents of both which each by it self may be a good Bar. Then the Defendant ought to plead and alledged the matter interlacing this word protestando as to say that such a one died by Protestation seised c. And that is to be alledged by Protestation and not to be traversed by the other Another Protestation is when one is to answer to two matters and yet by the Law he ought to plead but to one then in the first part of the Plea he shall say to the one matter protestando and non cognoscendo this matter to be true and makes his Plea farther by these words Sed pro placito dicit c. And this is for saving to the party that so pleads by Protestation the being concluded by any matter alledged or objected against him upon which he cannot joyn issue and is no other but an exclusion of the Conclusion for he that takes the Protestation excludes the other party to conclude him And the Protestation ought to stand with the sequel of the Plea and not to be repugnant or otherwise contrary Provendry PRovendry in the Church of Sarum is called the lesser part of the Altar in the Church of St. Mary 41 E. 3. 5. b. Provision PRovision is used with us as it is in the Common Law for providing of a Bishop or other Ecclesiastical person of an Ecclesiastical Living by the Pope before the Incumbent of it be dead the great abuse whereof appears by several Statutes that have been made from the time of E. 3. to the reign of H. 8. for the avoiding of such Provisions Rast Entries Quare impedit Roy 17. 20. Proviso PRoviso is a Condition inserted in any Deed upon the performance whereof the validity of the Deed consists Sometimes it is only a Covenant whereof see Coke lib 2. in the Lord Cromwels Case It hath also another signification in matters judicial as if the Plaintiff or Demandant desists from prosecuting an Action and brings it not to Trial then the Defendant or Tenant may take forth the Venire facias to the Sheriff which hath in it these words Proviso quod c. to this end that if the Plaintiff takes out any Writ to this purpose the Sheriff shall summon but one Iury upon them both See Old Natura Brevium in the Writ Nisi prius fol. 159. Prov â— sor See Praemunire Proxy Procuratio PRoxy Procuratio is a payment to a Bishop by a Religious house for the charges of his visitation of such Houses Davies rep 2. Purchase PUrchase is the Possession that a man hath in Lands or Tenements by his own act means or agreement and not by title of Discent from any of his Ancestors See Littl. l. 1. c. 1. Purlue PUrlue is all the Ground near any Forrest which being made Forest by Henry the second Richard the first or King John was by Perambulations granted by Henry the third severed again from the same Manwood part 2. of his Forrest Laws c. 20. And it seems that this word is composed either of pouralle that is to go or walk about or purelieu that is a pure place because such Lands as were by those Kings subjected to the Laws and Ordinances of the Forrest are now cleared and freed from the same As the Civilians call that a pure place which is not subject unto Burials fo â—â— kewise this may be called a pure place because it is exempted from the servitude and thraldom which was formerly laid upon it Purlue man is he that hath Lands within the Purlieu and being able to dispenh forty shillings by the year of Free-hold is upon these two points licensed to hunt in his own Purlieu Manwood part 1. p. 151. 177. See now the Stat. made 1 Jac. c. 27. Purpresture PUrpresture is a wo â—â— derived from the French â— ourpr â—â— which signifies to take from another and to app â—â— priate to himself and therefore a Purpresture in a general sense is taken for any such wrong done by one man to another Purpresture in a Forrest is every Incroachment upon the Kings Forrest be it by Building Inclosing or using of any liberty without a lawful warrant so to do And of this see Manwood in his Forrest Laws
but he may enter and his Entry is lawful by R. Thorpe chief Justice 28 E. 3. 96. 45 E. 3. 25. Tales TAles is a Supply of men impannelled upon a Iury or Inquest and not appearing or at their appearance challenged for the Plaintiff or Defendant as not indifferent and in this case the Iudge upon Petition grants a Supply to be made by the Sheriff of some nien there present equal in Reputation to those that are impanneled and hereupon the very act of supplying is called a Tales de circumstantibus This Supply may be one or more and of as many as shall either make Default or else be challenged by each party Stamf. Plac. Cor. l. 3. c. 5. Howbeit he that hath had one Tales either upon default or challenge though he may have another yet he may not have the latter to contain so many as the former for the first Tales ought to be under the number of the principal Pannel except in a cause of Appeal and so every Tales less then other until the number be made up of men present in Court and such as are without exception to the party or parties See Stamford in the place before where you may find some exceptions to this general Rule See Brook f. 105. and Coke l. 10. f. 99. Bewfages Case Talwood TAlwood is a term used in the Statutes of 34 35 H. 8 c. 3. and 7 E. 6. c. 7. and 43 Eliz. cap. 14. and signifies such Wood as is cut into shore Billets for the sizing whereof those Statutes were made Tax and Tallage TAx and Tallage are Payments as Tenths Fifteens Subsidies or such like granted to the King by Parliament The Tenants in Ancient demesne are quit of these Taxes and Tallages granted by Parliament except the King to tax Ancient demesne as he may when he thinks good for some great cause See Ancient demesne Tenant Paravail TEnant Paravail See Paravail Tender TEnder is an act done to save a penalty of a Bond and of Mony for Rent or Contract before Distress or Action brought and where it may be pleaded and where refusal is peremptory Vide Coke 1 Institut 207 208 211. uncore prist Tenure in Capite TEnure in Capite is where any hold of the King as of his Person being King and of his Crown as of a Lordship by it self in gross and in chief above all other Lordships And not where they hold of him as of any Mannor Honor or Castle except certain ancient Honors which appears in the Exchequer See the Stat. 12 Car. 2. cap. 24. Term of years TO hold for term of years is but a Chattel in effect 〈◊〉 no Action is maintainable against the Termour for recovery of the Free-hold no Free-hold being in him A Lease for Term of years is a Chattel real and all Goods which are removeable are Chattels personal Testament TEstament is thus defined in Plowdens Commentaries A Testament is a Witness of the mind and is compounded of these two words Testatio and Mentis which so signifie Truth it is that a Testament is witness of the mind but that it is a compound word Aulus Gelius lib. 6. cap. 12. doth deny to an excellent Lawyer Servius Sulpitius and saith it is a simple word as are these Calceamentum Paludamentum Paviamentum and divers such like And much less is Agreeamentum a compound Word of Aggregatio and Mentium as is said before in the Title of Agreement for there is no such Latine word simple or compound but it may nevertheless serve well for a Law-Latine word And therefore thus it may better be defined A Testament is the true Declaration of our last Will in that we would to be done after our death c. Of Testaments there are two sorts namely a Testament in Writing and a Testament in Words which is called a Nuncupative Testament which is when a Man being sick and for fear lest death want of memory or speech should come so suddenly upon him that he should be prevented if he staid the writing of his Testament desires his Neighbors and Friends to bear witness of his last Will and then declares the same presently by words before them which after his decease is proved by Witnesses and put in writing by the Ordinary and then stands in as good force as if it had at the first in the life of the Testator been put in Writing except onely for Lands which are not devisable but by a Testament put in Writing in the Life of the Testator Thanus THanus is a word which sometimes signifies a Noble-man sometimes a Free-man a Magistrate an Officer or Minister Lambert in the word Thanus Skene saith it is a name of dignity and appears to be equal with the son of an Earl And Thanus was a Free-holder holding his Lands of the King and a man taken with the manner accused of Larceny no sufficient proof being brought against him must purge himself by the Oath of 27 men or 3 Thanes The Kings Thanage signifies a certain part of the Kings Lands or property whereof the rule and government appertains unto him who therefore is called Thanus for the Kings Demains and the Kings Thanage signifies one and the same thing Theftbote THeftbote is when a man takes any Goods of a Thief to favor and maintain him and not when a man takes his own Goods that were stoln from him c. The punishment in ancient time of Theftbote was of Life and member But now at this day Stamford saith it is punished by Ransom and Imprisonment But enquire farther for I think it is Felony Them THem that is That you shall have all the generations of your Villains with their Suits and Cattel wheresoever they shall be found in England except that if any Bond-man shall remain quiet one year and a day in any Priviledged Town so that he shall be received into their Communalty or Guild as one of them by that means he is delivered from Villenage Tithes TIthes See Dismes Title TItle is where a lawful cause is come upon a Man to have a thing which another hath and he hath no Action for the same as Title of Mortmain or to enter for breach of Condition Title of Entry TItle of Entry is when one seised of Land in Fee makes a Feoffment thereof upon Condition and the Condition is broken after which the Feoffor hath Title to enter into the Land and may so do at his pleasure and by his Entry the Free-hold shall be said to be in him presently And it is called Title of Entry because he cannot have a Writ of Right against his Feoffee upon Condition for his right was out of him by the Feoffment which cannot be reduced without Entry and the Entry must be for the breach of the Condition Toft TOft is a place wherein a House once stood but is now all fallen or pulled down Tol or Tolne TOl or Tolne is most properly a payment used in Cities Towns Markets and
for him that is infeoffed with Warranty and is afterward impleaded in an Assise or other Action in which he cannot vouch then he may have this Writ against the Feoffor or his Heir to compel them to warrant the Land unto him And see of this Fitz. N. B. f. 134. D. See Garrantie of Charters Warrantia diei WArrantia diei is a Writ the lies in case where a man hath a day in any Action sue â— against him to appear in prope â— person and the King at that day or before imploys him i â— some service so that he cann â—â— appear at the day in Court the â— he may have this Writ direct â— to the Iuistices that they shal â— not record them to be in Defau â—â— for his not appearing And see 〈◊〉 this Fitz N. B. fol. 17. A. and â—â— the form of the Writ see G 〈◊〉 vile lib. 1. cap. 8. Warren WArren is a place Priviledged by Prescription or Grant of the King for the Preservation of Hares Conies Partridges and Pheasants or any of them Warwit WArwit or Wardwit as some Copies have it is to be quit of giving money for keeping of Wards Wast WAst is where Tenant for term or years Tenant for life or Tenant for term of anothers life Tenant in Dower or Tenant by the Curtesse or Gardian in Chivalry doth make Wast or Destruction upon the Land that is to say pulls down the House or cuts down Timber or suffers the House willingly to fall or digs the Ground then he in the Reversion shall have a Writ for that Wast and shall recover the place where the Wast is done and treble Dammages And if a Man cut down Timber without Licence and therewith repairs old Houses yet that is no Wast But if he with the Timber build a new house the cutting down of such Timber is Wast Also the cutting down of Vnder-wood or Willows which is no Timber shall not be said to be Wast unless they grow in the sight or shadow of the House Wast by the Civil Law is call'd Dilapidation and for that the Executor of a Rector or Vicar are answerable in the Court Christian There is also a Writ of Wast permittendo Messuagium vel domum fore in decasu ruinosum Co. Ent. 601. Wharf WHarf is a word used in the Statute of 1 Eliz. cap. 11. and other Statutes and is a Broad place near a Crock or Hithe of water upon which Goods and Wares are laid which are to be Ship'd and Transported from place to place Withernam WIthernam is the Taking or Driving of a Distress to a Hold or out of the County so that the Sheriff cannot upon Replevin make delivery thereof to the party distrained in which case a Writ of Withernam is directed to the Sheriff for the taking of as many of his Beasts that did thus unlawfully distrain or as much Goods of his into his keeping until he hath made deliverance of the first Distress Also if the Beasts be in a Fortier or Castle the Sheriff may take with him the Power of the County and bear down the Castle as appears by the Statute of Westm 1. cap. 20. Brit. cap. 27. Woodgeld WOodgeld seems to be the Gathering or Cutting of Wood within the Forrest or money paid for the same to the Foresters And the Immunity from this by the Kings Grant is by Crompt fol. 197. called Woodgeld Woodmote WOodmote is the old name of that Court of the Forrest which is now since the Statute of Charta de Foresta called the Court of Attachments and by the Statute is held every forty days but was wont to be held at the will of the chief Officers of the Forrest and at no certain time See Manwoods Forrest Laws cap. 22. fol. 207. a. Woolferthfod WOolferthfod is the condition of such who were Outlawed in the Saxons time for not submitting themselves to Iustice for if they could be taken alive they should be brought to the King and if they in fear of apprehension did defend themselves they might be slain and their heads brought to the King for they carried a Woolfs Head that is to say their Head was no more to be accounted of than a Woolfs head being a Beast so hurtful to man See the Laws of King Edward by Lambert f. 127. num 7. Bract. lib. 3. tract 2. cap. 21. This is written Wulve-sheaved by Roger Hoveden part poster Annal. fol. 343. Wreck WReck or Varech as the Normans from whom it came call it is where a Ship is perished on the Sea and no man escapes alive out of it and the Ship or part of it so perished or the Goods of the Ship come to the Land of any Lord the Lord shall have that as a Wreck of the Sea But if a Man or a Dog or a Cat escape alive so that the party to whom the Goods belong come within a year and a day and prove the Goods to be his he shall have them again by Provision of the Statute of Westm 1. cap. 4. made in King Edw. 1. days who therein followed the Decree of H. 1. before whose days if a Ship had been cast on shore torn with Tempest and were not repaired by such as escaped alive within a certain time that then was taken for Wreck Y. Yard-land YArd-land Virgata terrae in some Counties contains 20 Acres in some 24 and in some 30 Acres of Land Abate ABate semble de vener del Francois Abbatre i. rescindere destruere ad pleuseurs significations Come abater un Chesteau ou Fortlet Vet. Nat. br fo 45. que en Westm 1. ca. 17. est enterprete to beat down Et abater un brief est pur le defaire ou renverser per ascun Erreur ou Exception Britton ca. 48. Et luy que s'enterpose enter le prieur possesseur son Heir est dit abater en les Terres Veies Abatement Abatement de Brief ou Plaint ABatement de Brief ou Plaint est quant un Action est port per Brief ou Plaint en que fault sufficient bone matter ou auterment le matter alledge nest certainment alledge ou si le Plaintiff ou Defendant ou Lieu sont misnosme ou si la appear varience perenter le Brief le Specialty ou Record ou que le Brief ou Declaration sont uncertain ou pur mort del Plaintiff ou Defendant ou pur divers auters semblable causes donques sur ceux defaults le Defendant poit prier que le Brief ou Plaint abatera cest adire que le Suit del plaintiff envers luy cessera pur cest temps que il commencera auter temps son Suit port uÌ„ novel Brief ou Plaint sil soit issint dispose Mes si le Defendant en ascun Action plede un matter en Bar ' pur adnuller de Action a touts jours il ne viendra apres a pleader en Abatement de Brief mes si apres il
de Bullion solonque le Ley. Assets ASsets est en deux sorts lun appel Assets per deseent laut ' Assets enter maines Assets per des â— ent est lou un home est oblige en un Obligation morust seisie de terres en Fee-simple queux descend a son Heir donques cest terÌ„ serra appel Assets cest adire sufficient de payer cest dett 〈◊〉 cest means le Heir serra charge cy avant qÌ„ le terÌ„ issint a luy desceÌ„d voil stretch Mes sil alien devant que le Obligation soit mise en suit il est discharge Auxy quant un home seisie de terÌ„ en tail ou en droit â— son feme alien ceo ove Garranty ad en value tant terre en Fee-simple que descend a son Heir qÌ„ est auxy Heir en Tail ou Heir al feme ore le Heir apres le mort son Ancestor port uÌ„ Brief de Formedon ou Sur cui in vita pÌ„ le terre issint alien donques il serra BarrÌ„ per reason dun Garranty terre issint descend que est tant en value come ceo que fuit vende issint per ceo il nad receive ascun â— judice Pur ceo cest terre est appel Assets per descent Assets enter maines est quaÌ„t un home en dett comÌ„ devaÌ„t est dit fait Executors relinquist a eux sufficient de payer ou ascun comÌ„odity ou ê“fit est venus al eux en droit lour Testator cest appel Asets en lour maines Assignee ASsignee est celuy a que un chose est appoint ou assignÌ„ destre occupy pay ou fait est touts foits tiel person que occupy ou ad le chose issint assigne en son droit demesne pÌ„ luy mesme Et â— Assignees il y sont deux sorts nosment Assignee en Fait Assignee en Ley. Assignee en Fait est quant un Lease est grant al un a ses Assignees ou sans cest parol Assignees le Grant ' done grant ou vend le dit Lease al aut ' il est son AssignÌ„ en Fait Assignee en Ley est chescÌ„ Executor nosme per le Testator en son TestamÌ„t CoÌ„e si un Lease soit fait al uÌ„ home a ses Assignees sicome est avantdit il fait ses Executors morust sans assignmÌ„t del Lease al ascÌ„ auter les Executors avera mesme le Lease pÌ„ ceo qÌ„ ils sont ses Assignees en Ley. Et issint est en autors semblables cases Assise ASsise est un BreÌ„ que gist ou ascÌ„ hoane est mis hors de son terÌ„ ou tenements ou 〈◊〉 ascÌ„ ê“fit prender en certain lieu issint disseisie 〈◊〉 son FranktenemÌ„t FranktenemÌ„t a ascÌ„ hoÌ„e est lou il est seisie 〈◊〉 terrÌ„ ou tenemÌ„ts ou ê“fit a preÌ„â— er en Fee-simple Fee-tail pur term de son vie demesne ou pÌ„ aut ' vie Mes Tenant ê“ Elegit Tenant 〈◊〉 Stat. Merchant Stat. Staple poieÌ„t aver Assise comÌ„t que ils nont Franktenement cest ordein per divers Statutes En Assise il covient touts â— oits que il soit un Disseisor un Tenant ou auterment le Brief abatera Auxi lou un hoÌ„e est disseisie recovera 〈◊〉 Assise de Novel Disseisin puis est auter folts disseisie 〈◊〉 mesme le Disselsor il avera vers luy un Brief 〈◊〉 Redisseisin directe al ViscÌ„ de faire inquisition si trove soit le Redisseisin il serra mis en prison Aux ' si home recovera per Assise de Mortdauncastor ou 〈◊〉 aut ' Jury ou 〈◊〉 default ou 〈◊〉 reddition sil soit auterfoits disseisie il avera donques uÌ„ Brief de Post D â— sseisin cestuy qÌ„ est pris imprison pÌ„ Redisseisin ne serra deliver sans especial comÌ„andmÌ„t le Roy. Vides les Statutes Mert â— n c. 3. Mar â—â— bridge c. 8. Westminster 2. c. 26. Auxi il est un aut ' Assise nosm assise de Fresh force gist lou hoÌ„e est disseisie 〈◊〉 tenemÌ„ts queux sont devisables coÌ„e en le City de Londres ou auter Boroughs ou Villes que sont Enfranchises donques le Defendant viendra eÌ„ le Court del dit Ville enter son Plaint avera un BreÌ„ direct al Major ou Bailiffs c. sur ceo passera un Jury en manner de Assise de Novel disseisin Mes il covient qÌ„ il ent ' son Plaint deins quadragint jours ut dicitur ou aut'mÌ„t il serra misse a le ComÌ„on Ley. Et si les Ministers delay Execution donques le Plaintiff avera un auter Brief daver Execution sicut alias un Plures c. Vide Littleton cap. 10. Assise de darreine Presentment ASsise de darrain Presentment Vide Quare impedit Auxi est un Assise de Nusance appel Assisa Nucumenti Assisa ultimae Praesentationis Assise de Mortdancestor ASsise de Mortdancesior Vid. Tit. Cosinage Association ASsociation est un Patent mis 〈◊〉 le Roy ou de son motion demesnÌ„ ou al suit del party Plaintiff al Justices de Assise pur aver auters ê‘sons associes al eux de prender le Assise Et sur ceo Patent de Association le Roy manderÌ„ son BreÌ„ as Justices de Assise eux comÌ„andant ê‘ icel de eux admitter qÌ„ sont issint mis. Si le Roy fait trois Justices Ä‘ Assise puis un de ceux devie ore le Roy poit faire un Patent a un auter de Association de associer luy a les deux en lieu de cestuy que est mort un Brief que serra close direct a les deux Justices que sont en vie Ä‘ luy admitter F. N. B. 185. Assoyl ASsoyl venust del Latine absalvere signifie pur bail ou discharge ascun del Excommunication issint est use per Stamford Pleas de Coron lib. 2. cap. 18. fol. 71. b. Assumpsit Vide Nude Contract ASsumpsit est un voluntary promise fait per parol ê‘ qÌ„ home assume ou prist sur luy a payer ascun chose al auter Cest parol contein en ycel ascun verbal Promise fait sur consideration que les Civilians expresse per plusors parols accordant al nature del Promise ceo appellant ascÌ„ foits Pactum Promissionem auter foits Sponsionem Pollicitationem ou Constitutum Attach ATtatch est un Prisure ou Apprehending 〈◊〉 comÌ„and ou Brief La sont ascuns d â— fferences perenter un Arrest un Attachment car un Arrest proceed hors del inferiour Courts per Precept Attachment hors del superior Courts 〈◊〉 Precept ou Brief Lamb. Eiren. lib. 1. cap. 16. Auxy un Arrest gist solement sur le Corps 〈◊〉 un home lou uu Attachment est ascun foits sur ses biens solement come Kitch fol. 279. b. dit que home
sil ceo prist en ou pÌ„ droit â— un auter donques quant il avoit monstre le cause il ferra conusance del prisel come Bailif â— ou servant a celuy en qÌ„ droit il prist ceo Avowterer AVowterer est un Adulterer ove que un feme Covert continue en Adulterie le Crime est appel Avowtry 43 E. 3. 19. Awme AWme est un Vessel que conteine 40 broces de vine Rhenish est mention en Statute fait 1 Jac. 23. B Backberind Thief BAckberind Thief est un Laron prise ove le manÌ„ cest adire aiant ceo trove sur luy esteant pursue ove le Hue Cry le quel il ad emblee soit il mo â— ey linen woollen ou aut â— stuff mes il est pluis ê“permmÌ„t dit quant il est prise portant tielx choses qÌ„ il ad emblee en un bundle ou fardel sur son Dorse Manwood en part 2. ceo note 〈◊〉 un des quater circumstances ou cases en que un Forester poit arrest le Corps â— ascÌ„ offender encounter Vert ou Venison en le Forest qÌ„ux sont Dog-draw S â— able-stand Back-berind Bloody-hand Badger BAdger est tant adire comÌ„ Bagger del Francois parol Baggage id est Sarcina Et est use ove nous pÌ„ un que est licence de achater Corn ou auters Victuals en un lieu de eux transporter al auter tiel home est exempt en le Statute fait An. 5 6 E. 6. cap. 14. del punishment â— un Ingrosser deins ceo Statute Baile BAIL est quant uÌ„ homÌ„ est prise ou arrest pÌ„ Felony suspition 〈◊〉 Felony indict â— Felony ou ascÌ„ tiel case issint que il est restraine 〈◊〉 son libertie esteant 〈◊〉 le Ley bailable offera Surety al eux qÌ„ ont auctority de luy Bailer queux Sureties sont oblige pÌ„ luy al use le Roy en certain sumÌ„ 〈◊〉 argeÌ„t ou corps pÌ„ corps qÌ„ il appiera devant les Justices â— Goal-delivery al prochein Sessions c. Donques sur les Bonds 〈◊〉 ceux Sureties come est avantdit il est bail cest adire mis al liberty tanque le jour appoint pÌ„ son Appearance Manwood in le primÌ„ part â— son Forest Ley pag. 167. dit Que la est uÌ„ grand diversity â— ent ' Bail Mainprise car ceftuy que est mainprise est touts foits dit destre a large daler a son liberty demesnÌ„ hors de gard puis qÌ„ il est mis al Mainprise jesque le jour â— son appearaÌ„ce 〈◊〉 reason 〈◊〉 coÌ„mon SumÌ„ons ou autermÌ„t Mes nest issint ou home est mis al Bail 〈◊〉 quat ' ou deux homes â— le SnÌ„r chief Justice en Eyre del Forest jesque un certain jour car la il est touts foits account 〈◊〉 le Ley deeÌ„ en lour gard custody pÌ„ le temps ils poient sils voilont tener luy en gard ou en prison au cÌ„ temps ou autermÌ„t a lour volunt issint qÌ„ il qÌ„ est bail ne serrÌ„ dit 〈◊〉 le Ley deeÌ„ a large ou a son liberty demesne Bailement BAilment est un Delivery de choses soyent ils Escrips Biens ou Stuff al auter ascun foits destre redeliver arrere al Bailor cest adire al celuy qÌ„ issint deliver ceo ascÌ„ foits al use del Bailee cest adire de luy a qÌ„ il est deliver ascÌ„ foits auxy il est deliver a uÌ„ tierce person Cest delivery est appel un Bailment Bailiff BAiliff est un Officer que appertient a un Mannor pÌ„ order le husbandry ad authority de payer Quit-rents issuant hors del ManÌ„or succider arbres repair les MeasoÌ„s faire pales haies distrain avers damage feasant sur le terrÌ„ divers tiels semblables Cest OfficÌ„ est celuy que les ancient Saxons appel uÌ„ Reeve car le nosme Bailiff ne fuit donques conus enter eux mes vient ' eins ove les Normans est appel en Latin Villicus La sont deux aut ' sorts de Bailiffs cest adire Bailiffs errant Bailiffs de Franchises Bailiffs errant sont ils qÌ„ le Vicount fait design daler eÌ„viron le County a executer Briefs a summon le County Sessions Assises tiels s â—â— blables Bailiffs de Franch â—â— sont tiels que sont desig â—â— chescun SnÌ„r deins son 〈◊〉 berty a faire tiels offices deins son Precincts qÌ„ le 〈◊〉 errant fait a large en le County Cest Bailiff distrain pur Amerciaments assesse en les Courts tenus deins le Mannor de quel il est Bailiff Mes si ti â—â— Court est 〈◊〉 prescription 〈◊〉 tenus deins un mois apres 〈◊〉 Feast le Seneschal 〈◊〉 ceo apres le mois en 〈◊〉 Court assesse un Fine ou Amerciament le Bailiff distrain pÌ„ ceo le party qÌ„ est 〈◊〉 sint distrein puit aver uÌ„ 〈◊〉 de Trespass vers le Bailiff Bank BAnk en Francois Banque â— Mensa est usualment pri â— pur un Selle ou Bank 〈◊〉 Judgment come Bank le Rey Bank de Common Pleas 〈◊〉 Common Bank Kitchin fol. 102. appel auxy en Latin Bancus Regius Bancus Communium Placitorum Crompt Jur. fol. 67 91. Bank le Roy. BAnk le Roy est un Court a Westminster lou les Pleas del Corone Debts Trespasses personel Actions Errors Audita Quer â— la c. sont determine Bankrupt BAnkrupt per le Statute 1 Jac. c. 15. est issint describe touts chescun tiel â— son persons usaÌ„t ou qÌ„ useroit le Trade de Merchandise â— voye 〈◊〉 Exchanges Barterie ChevisaÌ„ce ou autermÌ„t eÌ„ gross ou 〈◊〉 queront son sa ou lour Trade de viver 〈◊〉 emption eu veÌ„ditioÌ„ esteant un subject nee de cest Realm ou ascÌ„ des dominion del Roy ou denizeÌ„ qÌ„ al ascun temps citra le p â— imÌ„ jour 〈◊〉 cest pre â— eÌ„nt ParliamÌ„t ou al ascÌ„ teÌ„ps eÌ„ apres departer a le Royalm ou comÌ„ence a retainÌ„ son ou sa meason ou measons ou autermÌ„t 〈◊〉 absent ' luy ou sa mÌ„ ou prendra sanctuarie ou suffer luy ou sa mesme voluÌ„tarimÌ„t destrÌ„ arrest 〈◊〉 ascÌ„ Debt ou ascÌ„ chose nieÌ„t cressant ou due pÌ„ argent deliver wares vend ou ascÌ„ aut ' just ou loyal cause ou boÌ„ coÌ„sideracÌ„ ou purposes cu ad ou voile suffer luy ou sa mÌ„ destre utlage ou doÌ„ luy ousa mÌ„ al prison ou voluÌ„tarimÌ„t ou frauduleÌ„tmÌ„t ad ou ê“curera luy ou sa mesme deeÌ„ arrest ou ses ou sa biens argent ou chattels destre attach ou sequestre ou departera de son ou sa meason inhabit ou faiera ou causera destre fait ascun fraudulent Grant ou Conveyance de
grantus ou le TenaÌ„t ê‘ courtesie ou Tenant pÌ„ term 〈◊〉 vie ou pÌ„ aut ' vie alien en fee ou en tail ou pur term daut ' vie Et il ad cest nosme pÌ„ ceo que les Clerks del Chancery ont ceo framÌ„ ê‘ lour comÌ„on consent ensemble al Brief appel In casu proviso accordant al auctority done al eux ê‘ le Statute de Westminister 2. cap. 24. que voit Quotiescunque evenerit in Cancellaria quod in uno casu reperitur Breve in Consimili casu indigente remedio concordent Clerici de Cancellari a de Brevi faciendo c. Et cest Brief est graÌ„t al cestuy en reversion vers le party a qÌ„ le dit Tenant issint alien a son prejudice en le vie del dit Tenant Veies pluis de ceo F. N. B. f. 206. Casu proviso CAsu proviso est done per le Stat. de Gloucester c. 7 Cest Brief gift lou Tenant en Dower alien en Fee ou a term de vie ou en tail la terre que el tÌ„ient en Dower ore cestuy que ad le ReversioÌ„ en Fee ou en Tail ou a termÌ„â— vie maintenant avera cest Br â— ve vers le Alienee ou cestuy qÌ„ est Tenant del franktenement del terre cÌ„ durant la vie le Tenant eÌ„ Dower F. N. B. fol. 205. n. Catals CAtals ou Chattels comprehend touts biens movable immovable forsque tiels que sont en nature de FranktenemÌ„t ou parcel de cÌ„ comÌ„ poit estre collect hors Stamf. Praerog ca. 16. an 1 El. c. 2. UncÌ„ Kitch fol. 32. dit que Mony nest deeÌ„ account biens ou Catals ne Espervers ne ChieÌ„s car ils sont ferae naturae Mes il semble qÌ„ Money nest Catal pÌ„ ceo qÌ„ nest de luy mÌ„ chose valuable mes pluis en imagination qÌ„ en Fait Catals sont ou real ou personal Catals real sont ou tiels que ne apperteinont immediatement al person mes al ascÌ„ auter chose ê‘ voy 〈◊〉 dependancie come un Boxe ove Chartes de terre le corps dun Gard les PomÌ„s sur l' arbrÌ„ ou l' Arbre mesme cressant sur le terre Crom. f. 33. b. Ou autermÌ„t tiels qÌ„ sont issuant hors â— ascÌ„ chose immoveable al person coÌ„e uÌ„ Lease pur Rent ou terme 〈◊〉 ans Personal polent estrÌ„ issint appel en deux respects Le un pÌ„ cÌ„ que ils appent immediatement al ê‘son 〈◊〉 uÌ„ hoÌ„e coÌ„e uÌ„ Chival c. lautrÌ„ pÌ„ cÌ„ que quant ils soÌ„t tortiousmeÌ„t deteigne nous ne avomÌ„ pas ascÌ„ aut ' means pur lour recoverie forsque per ê‘sonal Actions Les Civilians comprehendont ceux choses aux ' TrÌ„s de touts natures ou tenures desouth le parol Bona que est ê‘ eux divide in Mobilia Immobilia Vid. Br. lib. 3. c. 3. num 3 4. Cepi corpus CEpi corpus est un Return fait per le Viscount que sur un Exigend ou auter Brief il a pris le corps del partie Fitzb. Nat. br f. 26. Certificate CErtificate est un Escript fait en ascun Court a doner notice al auter Court dascÌ„ chose fait la come un Certificate del cause de Attaint est un traÌ„script briefmÌ„t fait ê‘ les Clerks del Corone Clerke del Peace ou Clerke de Assise al Court del Bank le Roy conteinant le tenor effect de chescÌ„ Indictment Utlagarie ou Conviction Clerk attaint fait ou declare en ascÌ„ auter Court Mes nota que cest Certificate doit estre falt ê‘ cestuy que est I'immediate Officer al Court pÌ„ cÌ„ si le Commissarie ou Official del Evesque certifie un Excommengement en barrÌ„ de un Action al Common Ley ceo nest bonÌ„ come fuit resolve en Coke lib. 8. fol. 68. mes tiel Excommengement doit estre certifie ê‘ le Evesque mesme Uncore le Certificate dun Excommengement ê‘ special CommissionÌ„s Delegates desouth lour common Seal fuit allow tenus assets bonÌ„e eÌ„ le Common Banke Dyer fol. 371. pla 4. Certification de Assise CErtification d'un Assise d' Novel disseisin c. est un Brief agard a re-examinÌ„ ou reviser uÌ„ chose passe ê‘ Assise devant ascÌ„ Justices est use quant home appiert ê‘ soÌ„ Bailife al un Assise port ê‘ un aut ' ê‘de le jour ayant ascÌ„ aut ' chose ouster a plea â— ê‘ luy mesme comÌ„ un Fait â— release ou c. que le Bailiff ne plederoit cu ne puit pleader pÌ„ luy apris un mieux Examination del Cause ou devant mesme les Justices ou auters acquire Letters Patents vide lour forme F. N. B. 181. donque port un BreÌ„ al Vicount 〈◊〉 appeller le party pÌ„ que le Assise ad pass auxi le Jury que suit impannel sur mesme le Assise devant les dits Justices a un jour lieu certain Et est appel un Certificate pÌ„ ceo que en ceo mention est fait al Vicount que sur le partles coÌ„plaint del defective Examination ou awrust uncore remainant lur le Assise passe le Roy ad direct ses Letters Patents a les Justic s pÌ„ le mieux certification 〈◊〉 lour mesmes ou touts les points del dit Assise fueront examin ou nemy Certiorari CErtiorari est un Brief que gist lou un est implead en un base Court que est de Record il suppose qÌ„ il ne poit aver equal Justice la donques sur un Bill en le Chancery comprisant ascun matter en Conscience il avera cest Brief pÌ„ remover tout le Record en le Chancery la destre determine ê‘ Conscience mes fil ne proya son Bill donques l' auter party avera un Brief de Procdendo a reman â— le Record en le base Court la destre determine Auxy il gist en plusors auters cases pur remover Records pur le Roy comÌ„ Indictments auters Cest Brief est auxy grant hors del Court del Bank le Roy ou Common Pleas a remover ascun Action al eux hors de inferior Courts de Record issint le Plaintiff doit declare proceed en le superior Court Auxy a certifyer Original Briefs ou proceeds hors dascuÌ„ Courts de Record en Bank le Roy ou Nullum tale Recordum est plede Auxy sur Briefs de Error dun Judgment en le Common Pleas chescun party poit aver cest Brief a remover ascun proceedings en Bank le Roy sur alleger diminution comÌ„ appiert Co. Ent. 232 233 242. 2 Cro. 131 479 Cessavit CEssavit est un Brief que gist lou mon verie Tenant tient de moy certain terres ou tenements rendant certain Rent per an le ReÌ„t est arrere
un Rent-charge Mes si uÌ„ grant uÌ„ Rent-charge hors del terre d'un aut ' comÌ„t puis il purchase la terre uncore le Grant est void Charter-terre CHarter-terre est tiel que home tient ê‘ Charter cest adire per Evidence en escript qÌ„ auterment est appel FranktenemÌ„t Copihold terres devant le Conquest fueront ê‘ les Saxons appel Folkland les Charter-terres Bockland Et Lambert en son Explication de Saxon parols dit Que cest terre fuit tenus ove pluis sacile comÌ„odius conditions qÌ„ Folkland ou Copihold trÌ„e tenus sans Escript Et son reason est pur ceo qÌ„ il est un frank imÌ„une Inheritance ou t're sans Escript est charge ove paymÌ„ts servitude issint que le griend ' part 〈◊〉 hoÌ„es de Nobilitie bone Qualitie possessont le primer laut ' Rustick homes Le primÌ„ nous appellomus FranketenemÌ„t ê‘ Charter lauter Terre al volunt del Seignior Si Riot Rout ou Illoyal assembly soit commise donques per le Act de 19 H. 7. c. 13. vint homes inhabitant deins le County ou le Riot c. est fait de que chescun de eux avera terres tenemÌ„ts deins mesmÌ„ le County al annuel value de vint soulz de Charter-hold ou FranktenemÌ„t ou vint siz soulz â— Copihold ferront enquiry de ceo Charter-party CHarter-partie est un Indenture des Covenants Agreements faits ent ' Merchants ou Mariners touchant lour maritime affairs Et de ceo poyes liereÌ„ le Statute ore obsolete fait 32 H. 8. cap. 14. Charters CHarters de Terres sont Escripts Faits Evidences Instruments fait 〈◊〉 un home al auter sur ascÌ„ Estate conveyed ou passed parenter eux 〈◊〉 Terres 〈◊〉 senements 〈◊〉 le nosmes lieu 〈…〉 le Estate 〈◊〉 manner del feasans 〈◊〉 el les Parties a l' 〈◊〉 deliver prise les Te â— moignes pÌ„sent al ceo ove auters circumstances Chartis reddendis CHartis reddendis est un BrÌ„e qÌ„ gist envers luy qÌ„ ad Charters del FeofmeÌ„t deliver al luy pÌ„ conserve il refuse deliver ceuxs Veil Nat. Brev. fol. 66. Reg. Orig. f. 159. Chase CHase est prise deux voyes primermÌ„t a driver cattel s â— coÌ„e a chaser uÌ„ distress a un Fortlet secondemÌ„t est use pÌ„ un Receit pÌ„ Dames Avers del Forest est dun nature parent ' un Forest un Park esteant coÌ„munemÌ„t meins qÌ„ uÌ„ Forest neÌ„y eÌ„dow ove touts Liberties coÌ„e ove Courts de Attachment Swainmote Justice seat uncÌ„ dun pluis large coÌ„pas ayaÌ„t pluis diversitie del GardiaÌ„s Game qÌ„ uÌ„ Park Crompt en son Liv ' de Jurisdictions fo 148. dit Que uÌ„ Forest ne poit estre eÌ„ les maines duÌ„ Subject mes il immediatmÌ„t ê‘de le nosme devient uÌ„ Chase unc ' fo 197. il dit Que un Subject poit estrÌ„ SnÌ„r ownÌ„ dun Forest le quels nient obstaÌ„t que semble contrary uncore sont ambideux ses dits eÌ„ asc ' sense voyer Car le Roy poit done ou aliener un Fore st a uÌ„ Subject uncore issint qÌ„ quaÌ„t il est uÌ„ folts eÌ„ le Subject il ê‘de le voyer ê“pertie dun Forest pÌ„ ceo qÌ„ les Courts de Swainmote Justice seat Attachment immediatmÌ„t vanie nul esteant able de faire un SnÌ„r chief Justice en Eyre del Forest forsqÌ„ le Roy sicoÌ„e Manwood ad bien monstre eÌ„ son Liver de Forest Leyes c. 3. 4. Uncore poit estre grantus en tiel large manÌ„er que la poit estre Attachment Swainmote un Court equivalent a un Justice seat come appiert ê‘ luy en mÌ„ le cap. numb 3. Issint qÌ„ un Chase differt de un Forest en ceo pur ceo que poit estrÌ„ en les maines dun Subject que un Forest en son proper voyer nature ne poit estre de un Park en ceo qÌ„ nest inclose ad non solemeÌ„t un pluis large coÌ„pas pluis storÌ„â— Game mes de GardiaÌ„s aux ' Supervisors Vide Forest Chatels CHatels Veies Catals Chauntry CHauntry Cantaria est uÌ„ Esglise ou Chappel eÌ„dow ove t'res ou auter annual revenews pÌ„ le maintenance dun ou plusors Priests de chaunt ' Massee de jour en jour pur les Ames des Donor tiels auters qÌ„ ils appint Et 〈◊〉 ceux poyes lier en les Statutes 37 H. 8. c. 4. 1 E. 6. c. 14. Chevage CHevage est un sum de argent pay per Villeins a lour SnÌ„rs en conusans 〈◊〉 lour Villenage le quel Bract. l. 1. c. 10. issint define eÌ„ Latin Chevagium dicitur recognitio in signum subjectionis dominii de capite suo SeÌ„ble aux ' destrÌ„ use pur un summe 〈◊〉 argent donÌ„ ê‘ uÌ„ home al aut ' 〈◊〉 poyer potencia ê‘ son avowment maintenance ê“tection sicome a lour Teste ou Conductor Lambert ceo escrie Chivage ou potius Chiefage Chevisance CHevisance venust del parol Francois Chevir id est devener al Chief de quelque chose Et pur ceo que le perfection dun Bargaine est le porter del matter al fine cÌ„ parol Chevisance est use pur Bargainer en le Statures 37 H. 8. cap. 9. 13 Eliz. cap. 7 8. Childwit CHildwit hoc est quod capiatis Gersumam de nativa vestra corrupta praegnata sine licentia vestra Chimin CHimin est le Haut voy lou chescun hoÌ„e passa qÌ„ est appel Via Regia uncore le Roy nad aut ' chose la forsqÌ„ le passage pur luy son people car le Franktenement est en le Seignior del soile touts les Profits cressans la come Arbres auters choses Et ceo est divide en deux sorts Via Regia de que est parle devant Via private ou Chiminus privatus ceo est un Voy per que home ou pluis ont libertie a passer ou ê‘ prescription ou ê‘ charter sur le terre dun aut ' home Et ceo est divide en Chimin en gross Chimin appendant Kitch f. 177. Chimin en gross est ceo Voy que home tient principalmÌ„t solemÌ„t en luy mÌ„ Chimin appendant est ceo que home ad adjoinÌ„ a ascun auter chose come appertinaÌ„t a ceo pur example si home prist un Close ou Pasture ad covenant pur ingresse egresse al de mesme le dit Close ê‘ ascun auter terre pÌ„ que autermÌ„t il ne poit passer Ou Chimin en grosse poit estre ceo qÌ„ les CiviliaÌ„s appel Personal come quant un covenant pÌ„ un voy sur le terre dun auter home pur luy mesme ses heires Chimin appendant e converso poit estre ceo que
de un Common l' prender Ä‘l Grasse ê‘ les bouches de les Beasts que coÌ„mon la de un Advowson le prenÄ‘ de gros Dismes per le Parson de Bois ie vender de Bois d'un Orchard le vender de Pomes auters Fruits cressant la d'un Molin le prisel de Tolle sont les Esplees de tiels semblables Et nota que en Brief de Droit de Terre Advowson ou tiels semblables le Demaundant doit alledge en son Count que il ou ses Auncestors prise les Esplees Ä‘ chose eÌ„ demaÌ„d auterment l' Count nest bonÌ„ Essendi quietum de Tolonio ESsendi quietum de Tolonio est un Brief destre quit Ä‘ Tolle gist en case ou les Citizens ou Burgesses de ascun Citie ou Borough ount estrÌ„ quit de Tolle ê‘ Graunt des Progenitours del Roy per tout le Royalme ou per PrescriptioÌ„ donque si asc ' hoÌ„e des dits Cities ou Boroughs veignoÌ„t oves ses MerchaÌ„dises a asc ' Ville Fair ou Market la eux mitt ' a vender ou achatont ascuns Merchandises si les Officers del di â— Ville voile demaunder ascun Tolle de luy encount ' l'Charter le Roy ou encounter le Usage Custome il puit suer aver tiel BrÌ„e F. N. B. f. 226. Regist orig fol. 258. Essoine Essoine Lou un Action est port le Plaintife ou Defendant ne poit bien appearÌ„ al jour en Court pur un de cinque causes desouth expresse il serra Essoine de saver son Default Sont cinque mannÌ„s de Essoines cest adire Essoine De ouster le mere ê‘ quel le Defendant avera jour per xl jours Le second est De terrae sancta sur ceo le Defendant avera jour per un an un jour ces deux serront gist al commencement del Plee Le tierce Essoine est De male vener ceo serra adjourne al common jour come Action require cest appel ' le Common Essoine quant coment cest Essoine serra veies les Statutes Livre de Abridgement de Statutes lou il est bene declare Le quater est De malo lecti ceo est solement en Brief de Droit sur ceo issera Brief hors del Chauncerie direct al Viscount que il mandera quat ' Chivalers de veier le Tenant sil il soit mala â— de donÌ„ a luy jour apÌ„s un an jour Le cinq ' Essoine est De service del Roy gist en touts Actions forsque en Assise De Novel Disseisin Brief de Dower Darreine presentment en Appeal de Murder mes en cest Essoine il covient al jour de monstre son Garrant ou auterment il turnera a un Default si soit en Plee real ou auterment il perdera xx s. pur le journey ou pluis per le discretion del Justice si soit en Plee personel ut patet per le Statute de Gloucest cap. 8. Essoino de malo lecti ESsoine de malo lecti est un Brief direct al Viscount pur le mitt ' quat ' loyal Chivaliers a veyer un que ad essoin luy mesme De malo lecti Reg. Orig. fol. 8. b. Establishment de Dower EStablishment de Dower semble destre l' Assurance de Dower fait per le Baron ou ses amies devant ou al temps del Espousels Et Assignment de Dower est le Mittant ceo hors per le Heire apÌ„s accordant al Establishment Brit. cap. 102 103. Estandard EStandard ou Standard implia uÌ„ Ensigne en l' guerre mes est auxy use pÌ„ le prlmÌ„ ou Certaine Measure del Roy ê“prortion del que touts les Measures per le Terre devoient estre fait per le Clerke del Market Aulneageor ou auter Officer accordant a lour Function Car il fuit estable ê‘ Magna Charta an 9 H. 3. ca. 25. que la serroit forsque un Assise de Poys Measures per tout le Royalme le quel est jammes confirme ê‘ An. 14 Ed. 3. c. 12. plusors aut's Statutes coÌ„e auxy que touts serroyent fait al Estandard seale ove le Seale le Roy Et bone cause la est que il serroit appel Estandard pÌ„ ceo que il estoia constant immove ad touts auters Measures vient a icel pur lour conformitie en mesme le manÌ„er come Souldiers en le champe on t lour Estandard ou Colours pur lour direction en lour March ou Battel De eux Estandards Measures lies Brit. cap. 30. Veies le Stat. 17. Car. 1. c. 19. Estate EState est cel Title ou Interest que home ad en Terres ou Tenements come Estate simple auterment appell Fee-simple Estate Conditional ou sur Condition que est ou sur Condition en Fait ou sur Condition en Ley. Veies Littl. lib. 3. cap. 5. Estoppel EStoppel est quant un est conclude denie en Ley 〈◊〉 â— arlar encounter son act ou fait demÌ„ nient obstant il soit pÌ„ dire le veritie Et de Estoppels il y ad un grand number Un pur example est quant J. S. est oblige en un Obligation per le nosme de T. S. ou ascun aut ' nosmÌ„ est sue apres accordaÌ„t al mesme le nosme mis en l' Obligation ore il ne serra receive a dire que il est misnosme mes ferra chase a respon â— accor â— al nosme mis eÌ„ l'Obligation cest adire T. S car peradventure l' Obligee ne scavoit pas son nosme mes ê‘ le report tantsolement del Obligor mesmÌ„ entant qÌ„ il est mÌ„ le hoÌ„e que fuit oblige il serra estoppe denie en Ley pÌ„ adire le contrarie encont ' son fait demesne car autermÌ„ il poit prend advantage 〈◊〉 son tort demesne le quel le Ley ne voit suffer uÌ„ hoÌ„ne de faire Si le file que est Heire a son pere voit suer Liverie ove sa soer que est un Bastard el ne serra apres receive pur dire que sa soer est un Bastard entant que si la Bastard soer prist le moietie del Terre il nad Remedie per le Ley. Auxy si un home seisie de TrÌ„e en Fee-simple voit prender un Lease pÌ„ ans de mesme le TrÌ„e d'un estranger ê‘ Fait indent cest un Estoppel durant le terme d'ans le Lessee est per ceo barre a dire le veritie car le veritie est Que il que lessa le TrÌ„e nad riens en ceo al temps le Lease fait q' le Fee-simple fuit eÌ„ le Lessee Mes ceo il ne serra receive adire tanque apÌ„s les ans serra determine pÌ„ ceo que il
queux Considerations l' Estate limit le Temps qnÌ„t il fuit grauntus si simplemÌ„t ou sur Condition ove auters tiels semblables Circumstances Mes si les parties al Fait escript en le fine escriont lour Nosmes ou mis a ceo lour Markes come il est communement use il ne fait ascun matter come jeo suppose car ceo nest entende ou il est dit que chescun Fait covient de aver Escripture 2. Sigillation est pluis Testimonie de lour Consents al ceo containe eÌ„ le Fait come appiert ê‘ ceux â— arols In cujus rei Testimonium c. ou a tiel effect mis en le fine de Faits sans queux â— arols le Fait est insufficient Et pur ceo que nous sumus en Sigillation Signing de Faits il ne serra dehors icy a monstre a vous pur l'amour del Antiquitie le manner del Signing Subscribing de Faits en nostre Ancestors le Saxons temps un fashion disferent â— ceo que nous use en ceux nostre jours en ceo que ils a lour Faits subscribe lour Noimes communement adding le Signe del Crosse en le fine mis uÌ„ graund number de Testmoignes nient usant a cel temps ascun manÌ„â— Sigil Et nous a cest jour pur pluis suretie auxybien subscribe nostre NosmÌ„ nieÌ„t obstaÌ„t ceo nest mult necessarie mis nostre Sigille use le aide des Testmoignes auxy Cest primer fashion continue per tout tanque al temps del Conquest per les Normans quel manners per petite petite al darreine prevaile enter nous car le primer Charter Sigil en Angleterre est pense destre ceo del Roy Edward le Confessor al Abbey de Westminster que esteaÌ„t educate en Normandie port eÌ„ cest Realme ceo ascun auter de lour guises Et apres le veniens de Guilliam le Conquerour les Normans estimants de le Custome d' lour Pays come naturalme â— touts Nations font reject le manÌ„er que i â— s trovont cy rereignont lour proper come Ingulphus l' Abbot de Croiland que vient eins o â— e l' Conquest resmoigne dicens Normanni Chirographorum confectionem cum Crucibus aureis aliis signaculis sacris in Anglia firmari solitam in Ceram impressam mutant modumque scribend ' Anglicum rejiciunt Mes nient obstant ceo ne fuit fait tout al un temps mes il increase vient eins per certain degrees issint que primes pur un season le Roy solemÌ„t ou un peu aut ' â— le Nobilitie use de Sigiller donques le Noble-homes pÌ„ le pluis part nul auters Quel chose un home poit veier en le Historie de Battel Abbey lou Rich. Lucie Chief Justice de Angleterre en la temps del Roy Hen. le Second est report de aver blame un meane subject pÌ„ ceo que il use un private Sigile quant ceo pertain come il dit al Roy Nobility solement A quel teÌ„ps auxy come J. Rosse note ceo ils use de ingrave en lour Sigils lour Pictures demesne couÌ„terfeits cover ove longe Tunicle super lour Armours Mes apres ceo les Gentlehomes â— l Meliour sort prist l' fashioÌ„ pÌ„ ceo qÌ„ ils ne fueroÌ„t touts Guerriours ils fesoient Sigills ingrave ove lour several Coats ou Shields de Armes pÌ„ difference come mesme l' Authour report Al darreine en temps del Roy Ed. le 3. Sigils fueront mult common issint que non solement tiels que portant Armes use de Sigiller mes auters hoÌ„es auxy â—â— soieÌ„t al eux mesmÌ„s Signets de lour devises demesne ascuÌ„s pÌ„ndrants les Letters de lour Nosmes demesne ascuns Flowers ascuns Knots Flourishes ascuns Oyseaux Beasts ascuÌ„s auters choses come nous ore unc ' journalment veiomus en use Ascuns auters manners de Sigillation ouster ceux ad este oye euter nous come nosmement ceo del Roy Edward le tierce ê‘ que il done al Norman le Hunter Le Hop le Hop-ville Ove touts les bounds upside down Et en testimoign ' que il soit verie I l mord ' le Cere ove son fore dent Le semblable d cest fuit moÌ„stre a moy ê‘ un de mes amies eÌ„ un loose chart ' mes noÌ„ mult ancientmÌ„t escript pÌ„ ceo il voile moy qÌ„ jeo esteema 〈◊〉 c ' come jeo penie bien Il fuit come enfuist Jeo Guilliam King done a vous Powlen Royden ma Hop ma Hop-terres ove touts les bounds up down de Coelo al Terre de Terre ad Infernum pur toy vestres a demurrer d' moy mes al toy vestres pur un Arc un broad Sagit quant jeo veign ' pur hunt 〈◊〉 Yarrow In testimaign ' que ceo est veray Jeo morde cest cere ove mon dent en presence de Magge Maud Margery mon tierce fitz Henry IteÌ„ ceo d' Alberick d' Vere conteignont le Donation de Hatfield al quel il fixe uÌ„ curt noyer-haft Cuttle semblable al uÌ„ vieux demy-denier whittle en steed de un Seal ove divers tiels semblables Mes asc ' peradventure voilent pense que ceux fueront receive en common use custome que ils ne fueront les devises pleasures 〈◊〉 un peu singular ê‘soÌ„s tiels ne soÌ„t meines deceive que ils que pensont chescun Charter Escript que ne ad Sigille annexe destre cy auntient come l'Conquest lou eÌ„ veritie Sigillation ne fuit communemÌ„t use tanque al temps del Roy Ed. 3. come ad este dit 3. Deliverie nieÌ„t obst ' il soit mis darreign nest l' meanest car apÌ„s qÌ„ uÌ„ Fait soit escript sigille si ne soit deliver tout le residue est a nul purpose Et cest Deliverie doit estre fait ê‘ le Partie luy mesme ou son sufficient Garrant issint il luy liera quecunque escript ou sigil ceo per cest darreine act le Fait est fait perfect accordant al entent effect de ceo pÌ„ c ' en Faits le Liverie est destre prove c. Issint poyes veyer Escripture Sigillation sans Deliverie est a nul purpose Sigillation Deliverie lou est asc ' Escripture work nul chose Et Escripture Deliverie sans Sigillation auxy fait nul Fait Et pur ceo ils touts doient jointmÌ„t concur pÌ„ faire un perfect Fait Faitour FAitour est uÌ„ parol qÌ„ est use en le vieux repeale Statute de 7 R. 2. cap. 5 est la prise eÌ„ l' pire sense pÌ„ uÌ„ Male feasor ou un Oisif companioÌ„ semble icy destrÌ„ un Synonymon al Vagabond Fardingdeale FArdingdeale auterment Farundel de
est un Brief qÌ„ gist lou hoÌ„e est emplede en Court Christian de chose qÌ„ ne touch Matrimonie ne TestamÌ„t ne meremÌ„t Dismes mes l' CoronÌ„ nostrÌ„ Seigniour le Roy. Cest Brief serra direct auxybien al ê‘tie come al Judge ou son Official de eux prohibite qÌ„ ils ne pursue ouster Mes si il appeare apres a les Judges temporal que le matter est destre determine en l'Spiritual Court nemy en le Court Temporal donque le party averÌ„ un BrÌ„e de Consultation commandant les Judges de le Court Spiritual de proceeder en la primer Plee Auxi sont mults auters prohibicÌ„ons sicome al Admiralty la ascun Court de Common ley s'ils exceed lour poiar Property PRoperty est le pluis halt Droit qÌ„ hoÌ„e ait ou poit aver al asc ' chose qÌ„ riens depeÌ„d sur l' courtesie dasc ' auter home Et ceo nulluy en cest Realm poit estre dit daver en ascun Terres ou TenemeÌ„ts forsqÌ„ solemÌ„t le Roy eÌ„ le droit de son Corone pur ceo que touts les Terres ê‘ le Realm sont en le nature de Fee tiendront mediatemÌ„t ou immediatemÌ„t del CoronÌ„ Cest parol nient obstant est ufe pur tiel droit eÌ„ Terres TanemÌ„ts qÌ„ coÌ„mon ê‘sons ont en mÌ„ Et la sont trois manÌ„ers de droits de Property cestascavoire Property absolute Property qualified Property possessory De qÌ„x veies a large Cok. l. 3. Case de Swans f. 17. Proprietary PRoprietary est celuy qÌ„ ad uÌ„ Property en ascÌ„ chose mes il est pluis coÌ„munement use pur luy que ad les Profits dun Benefice a luy ses Heirs ou a luy mÌ„ ses Successors coÌ„e en teÌ„ps par devaÌ„t Abbots Priors avolent Protection PRotection est un Brief qÌ„ gist lou home voit passer ouster le me in le service le Roy donqÌ„s il avera cest BrÌ„â— e. ê‘ cest BrÌ„eÌ„ il serra quite de touts manner des Pleas enter luy ascun auter ê‘son except Plees de Dower Quere impedit Assise de Novel disseisin ultime praesentationis Attaints Plees devant Justices en Eyre Mes sont deux Briefs de Protection un cum clausula Volumus lauter cum clausula Nolumus coÌ„e appiert en le Register Mes Protection ne serra allow en ascun Plee commence devant le date de ceo si ne soit en Voyages ou le Roy mesme passa ou auters Voyages royals ou en Messages le Roy pur besoignes de Realme Protection ne serra allow pur Vitailes achates pur voyage dont le Protection fait mention ne in Plees de Trespasse ou de Contracts fait puis le date de mesme le Protection Nota que ascun poit attacher ou commencer ascun ActioÌ„n real vers cestuy qÌ„ayt tiel Protection en ceo proceder tanque le Defendantveigne monstre son protection en le Court ayt ceo allow donque son plee ou Suit serra mis ians jour Mes si apÌ„s il appierit que le party que ad le protection ne ala entour le besoigne pur que il ayt ceo donqÌ„s le Demandant aveÌ„r un Repeal de ceo Et sil va return apres le besoigne finie le Deman â— an t avera un Resummons de recontinue le former Suit Protection PRotestation est un formÌ„ d' Pleading qnÌ„t ascun ne voit directmÌ„t affirmer ne directment denier ascun chose qÌ„l est alledge ê‘pauter ou que il mÌ„ alledge Et est en deux manners L'un est qnÌ„t un pleade ascun chose que il ne ofast directment affirmer ou ne poit pleader pur doubt de fairÌ„ son Plee double CoÌ„e si en conveying a luy Title a ascun Terre il doit pleader divers Discents ê‘ divers ê‘sons il nosast affirmer que eux touts fueront seisies al teÌ„ps de lour mort ou coment il ceo purroit ceo serra double a plead deux Discents de queux ambideux chescun per luy poit estre bone Barr. Donques le Defendant doit pleader alledges le matter enterlacing cest parol protestando come adire que tiel obiit protestando seisie c. Et ceo est destrÌ„ alledge ê‘ Protestation nemy traversable ê‘ lauter Auter ProtestatioÌ„ est qnÌ„t uÌ„ est de responder al deux choses tamen per le Ley il doit plead forsque al un donqÌ„s en le primer ê‘t del Plee il dirra al un matter protestando non cognoscendo cel matter estre voyer faire son Plee ouster ê‘ ceux parols Sed pro placito dicit c. Et ceo est pur salvation al partie que issint plead ê‘ Protestation destre conclude ê‘ asc matter alledge ou object encounter luy sur que il ne poit joyner issue fiest auter chose mes un exclusion del Conclusion car il que prist Protestation exclud ' laut ' ê‘tie de coÌ„cluder luy Et cest Protestation doit estoyer ove le sequel del Plee nemy destrÌ„ repugnaÌ„t ou auterment contrarie Provendry PRovendry eÌ„ l'esglise de Sarum est appel minor pars Altaris in ecclesia beatae Maria Sarum 41 E. 3. 5. b. Provision PRovision est use ovesque nous comÌ„ est eÌ„ le Canon Ley pur le provider dun Evesque ou auter Ecclesiastical person dun Ecclesiastial Benefice ê‘ le Pape devaÌ„t qÌ„l Incumbent de ceo soit mort le graÌ„d abuse 〈◊〉 qÌ„ appiert ê‘ pluseurs Statutes qÌ„ ont este faits en touts ages del temps E. 3. tanque le reigne H. 8. per le avoid ' des tiels Provisions Ra. Entr. Qua. Impedite Roy 17. 20. Priviso PRoviso est un CoÌ„dition ensert en asc ' Fait sur le ê‘formance de qÌ„ tout le vigour del Fait consista Ascun foits il solemÌ„t est uÌ„ CovenaÌ„t de que veies Cok. lib. 2. en le SnÌ„r Cromwels Case Il ad aux ' uÌ„ aut ' significatioÌ„ eÌ„ choses judicial coÌ„e si le Plaintiff ou demandant delaya de ê“secuter un ActioÌ„ ne ceo port al Trial donque le Defendant ou Tenant poit prender hors le Venire facias al Viscount que ad eÌ„ ceo ceux parols Proviso quod c. a cest fine que si le Plaintiff prist hors ascun BrÌ„e a cel purpose le Viscount ne garnera forsque un Jurie sur euk ambideux Veies Vet. Nat. Br. en le BrÌ„e Nisi prius fol. 159. Provisors Veies Praemunire Proxy Procuratio PRoxy Procuratio est un payment al Evesque per un Religious meason pÌ„ ses charges de son visitacÌ„on de tiels measons Davies rep 2. Purchase PUrch â— se est le Possession qÌ„ uÌ„ hoÌ„e ad en TrÌ„es ou Tenements ê‘ son act demesne meanes ou agreemÌ„t