of the Ordnance fee 151 l. 11 s. 8 d. Two Clerks one per diem 10 d. Two Clerks the other 8 d. Surveyor fee 36 l. 10 s. One Clerk per diem 8 d. Riding-costs per diem 6 s. Lieutenant of the Ordnance fee 100 Marks One Clerk per diem 8 d. Boat-hire upon all occasions 8 l. Riding-costs 0 s. 0 d. Keeper of the great Store fee 40 l. Clerk per diem 8 d. Riding-costs 0 s. 0 d. Keeper of the small Store fee 40 Marks Riding-costs 0 s. 0 d. Clerk of the Deliveries fee 20 l. Master-Gunner of England fee per diem 2 s. 6 d. 〈◊〉 maker fee per diem 12 d. 18 l. 5 s. Saltpeâ—…er-maker fee 18 l. 5 s. Two Gun-founders 33 l. 9 s. 2 d. Gun-smith fee 6 d. per diem 9 l. 2 s. 6 d. Engin-Artificer fee per diem 4 d. 6 l. 1 s. 8 d. Master-Carpenter fee per diem 8 d. 12 l. 3 s. 4 d. Ordinary Gunners or Cannoneers one hundred and nine fee 1161 l. 18 s. 4 d. Yeoman of the Ordnance fee per diem 9 d. 13 l. 14 s. 1 d. The Tower of London Constables fee 100 l Lieutenants fee 200 l. Porters fee 9 l. 2 s. 6 d. Yeomen-Waiters or Warders fee 9 l. 2 s. 6 d. Allowance for Fuel 6 l. 13 s. 4 d. Keeper of the Lions c. fee 36 l. 14 s. 6 d. Carpenter fee 12 l. 3 s. 4 d. Keeper of the Wardrobe fee 12 l. 13 s. 4 d The Armary Master of the Armary fee 31 l. 18 s. 9 d. Armarers under the Master twenty one at 36 l. Five evry one at 20 l. Three evry one at 15 l. The rest evry one at 9 l. 2 s. 6 d. The Mint Master or Tresurer of the Mint fee 100 l. Controuler of the Mint fee 100 Marks Assay-master fee 100 Marks Clerk of the Mint fee 10 l. Auditor of the Mint fee 44 l. 6 s. 8 d. Allowance for Paper 〈◊〉 and other necessaries 10 l. Teller of the Money fee 33 l. 6 s. 8 d. Survayor of the Melting-house fee 26 l. 13 s. 4 d. Clerk of the Irons fee 13 l. 6 s. 8 d. Chief Graver fee 30 l. Chief Finer fee 10 l. Sinker of Irons fee 10 l. Three Melters fee evry one 13 l. 6 s. 8 d. Two Branchers fee evry one 13 l. 6 s. 8 d. Pourvoyer fee 10 l. Pot-maker fee 10 l. Porter fee 10 l. Diet to all these Officers by the week 1 l. 10 s. The high Court of Chancery Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England fee per diem 23 s. 419 l. For his attendance in the Star-chamber 200 l. More by name of Annuity 300 l. Robes out of the Wardrobe 40 l. Wine out of the Butlery twelve Tuns 72 l. Wax out of the Wardrobe 17 l. Sum. allocat per an 1048 l. Master of the Rolls fee 34 l. 15 s. 8 d. Livery out of the Hamper 28 l. 8 s. 4 d. Masters of the Chancery fee apiece 6 l. 13 s. 4 d. Clerk of the Crown fee 20 l. Livery for Summer and Winter 26 l. 13 s. 4 d. Protonotary fee 33 l. 13 s. 4 d. Clerk of the Hamper fee 43 l. 13 s. 4 d. Annuity 40 l. Livery for himself and his Clerk 6 l. 13 s. 4 d. Controuler of the Hamper fee 10 l. Enrollers of Evidences fee 20 l. Seal fee 6 l. 16 s. 10 l. Livery â—…0 s. Sargeant at Arms fee 18 l. 5 s. Cryer Fee and Livery 7 l. 16 s. 10 d. Chafer of Wax 7 l. 6 s. 7 d. Necessary charges of Wax Parchment Paper Riding Coats and other yearly Expences 220 l. The Privie Seal Lord Keeper of the Privie Seal fee per diem 1 l. Allowd for his Table at Court 345 l. Clerks of the Privie Seal fee apiece 50 l. Four Masters of the Requests fee apiece 100 l. The Kings Bench. Lord Chief Justice of the Kings Bench who holds his place onely by a short Writ not by Patent as others do for his Fee Reward and Robes 208 l. 6 s. 8 d. Wine two Tuns 10 l. Allowance for Justice of Assize 20 l. To three Justices assistants Fee Reward and Robes apiece 128 l. 6 s. 8 d. Allowance to evry one as Justice of Assize 20 l. Clerk of the Crown fee 10 l. Livery out of the Wardrobe 6 l. 13 s. 4 d. Protonotary fee 26 l. 13 s. 4 d. Keeper of the Writs and Rolls fee 8 l. Cryer fee 6 l. 13 s. 4 d. The Common Pleas. Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas Fee Reward and Robes 141 l. 13 s. 4 d. Wine out of the Butlery two Tuns 8l Allowance for keeping the Assize of the Augmentation-Court 12l 10s Allowance for Justice of Assize 20l. Three coadjutant Justices Fee Reward and Robes to evry one 128l 6s 8d Allowance for being Justices of Assize 20l. Attorney-General fee 61l Allowance for being Justice of Assize 20l. Sollicitor-General fee 50l Keeper of the Writs and Rolls fee 4l Four Sargeants at Law to each Fee Rewards and Robes 26l 6s 8d Allowance as Justice of Assize 20l. Allowance for keeping the Assizes of the Court of Augmentations 12l 6s 8d Cryer fee 5l Chief Officers of the Kings Revenues and of the Exchequer The Lord High Tresurer of England fee 368l Robes out of the Wardrobe 15l 7s 8d Wine so many Tuns Impost free 0l 0s 0d Allowance for Diet 0l 0s 0d Chancellor of the Exchequer fee 113l 6s 8d Livery out of the Wardrobe 12l 17s 4d Tuns of Wine Impost free 0l 0s 0d Officers of the Exchequer-Court Lord Chief Baron fee 100l Livery out of the Wardrobe 12l 17s 4d Allowance for being Justice of Assize 20l. Tuns of Wine Impost free 0l 0s 0d The Barons of the Exchequer to each fee 46l 13s 4d Livery out of the Wardrobe 12l 17s 4d Allowance for being Justices of Assize 20l. Other Officers of the Exchequer The Kings Remembrancer fee 55l 17s 4d Livery out of the Wardrobe 4l 12s 4d The Lord Tresurers Remembrancer fee 46l 2s 1d Livery out of the Wardrobe 2l 13s 4d Clerk of the Pipe fee 65l 4s 2d Livery c. 2l 13s 4d Under-Tresurer of the Exchequer fee 73l 6s 8d Livery c. 4l 6s 8d Seven Auditors fee evry one 10l Forren Opposers fee 16l 13s 4d Clerk of the Extreats fee 15l Clerk of the Pleas fee 5l Clerk of the Summons fee 4l Two Marshals fee apiece 4l Two Deputy-Chamberlains fees apiece 2l 10s Two Secondaries in the Kings Remembrancers Office fee evry one 8l Two Secondaries in the Pipe-Office fee 5l Four Secondaries in the Tresurers Remembrancers Office fee evry one 4l Clerks of the Tallies fee evry one 17l 10s Clerk of the Pell fee 17l 10s Four Tellers fee evry one 13l 13s 4d Clerk in the Pipe-Office for offring Amercements fee 9l 13s 4d Clerk in the Office of the Kings Remembrancer fee for writing the Fines Issues and Amercements due to the King evry year 15l 6s 8d Clerk in
Husband Maids and Unmarried Women took up some their Brothers some their Kinred and so all marchd out so Caesar pardond all I will conclude with a late example of Madame Sardaus who went so often privatly twixt Bruxels and the Hague until the peace was concluded twixt Spain and Holland after fourscore yeers Wars by Sea and Land Therfore she was calld La Maquarelle de la Paix which was no disgrace to her The seventh Paragraph Touching the Office Function and Duty of an Ambassador in the execution of his Place and acquitting himself of the great Fiduciary Trust reposd in Him c. THe Civilians who are best versd in the Laws of Embassies say Legatio est mysteriosum quid that it is a mysterious thing It is full of secrecie and darkness as it is of Faith and Trust. The Lord high Chancellor of England who is Keeper of the Kings Conscience as well as of the Great Seal hath a great trust reposd in him for to mitigat the rigor of the Laws by way of Equity The Lord Chief Justice of the Kings Bench he of the Common Pleas and the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer have great trusts reposd in them but all these deal twixt Subject and Subject and sometimes twixt King and Subject But Ambassadors have a higher trust for they deal twixt Kings and Kings twixt Countries and Countries therfore as the burden is heavier so the honor is the greater ther is no secrecie belongs to the other Offices but reservedness and secrecie is the soul of Embassy which made one say If his Cap knew his privat Instructions he wold hurle it into the fire and burn it And as ther is honor in this high employment so ther is much honor attends it which made one say That that Ambassador who loseth one hair of his Masters honor forfeits his head at his return One of the principal Duties of an Ambassador is to stick close to his Instructions and the Mandats of his Master and therin an Ambassador Lidger doth not run so much hazard as an Extraordinary who hath many things commonly left to discretion by way of implicit trust Besoldus defines the Office of an Ambassador thus Ut Mandatum fideliter cum dexteritate exequatur acceptum responsum diligentissime notatum referat Mittenti That with faithfulness and dexterity he execut the Command and report to him who sent him the Answer most diligently noted Ther is a shorter definition Officium Legati est ut Mandata Legationis diligenter conficiat ex Fâ—…de That he perform carefully the Command of the Embassy and with Faith He derives all his Power from his Instructions for without them ther is no Mission or Embassy Ther is an Example of the Athenians that having employd Ambassadors with divers Iustructions wherof one was that they shold take such a way as they went they going another way though they had performd all the rest of the Instructions yet they were put to death at their return for infringing this one Ther are divers instances how Ambassadors exceeding their Commissions and falling into follies have bin punishd upon the place Hector Boetius relates that Olaus and Evetus killd the Scots Ambassadors Teaca Queen of Sclavonia killd a Roman Ambassador as Polybius mentions The Athenians causd Darius Ambassadors to be thrown into a Well Dandolo the Venetian Ambassador had his eyes pluckd out by the King of Sicily But let us descend to latter Ages Francis the first of France sent Fregosa and Rinion Ambassadors to the Turk Charles 5. soldiers discoverd surprizd and flew them in Italy The fact was justified by the Emperour because they were both his subjects the one being a Milanois the other of Genoa and servd his Enemy for ther were Wars then twixt Charles and Francis Edward the second of England employd a French Gentleman Ambassador to France who had bin executed for a Traytor for serving the Enemy had not the Queen interceded Anno 1302. the Pope sent an Ambassador to France where he practisd some Treson and being arraigned convicted and condemned to die the Popes Frends procurd that he shold be banishd only The Venetian drew out of the French Ambassadors House some who bad discoverd their secrets to the Turk where resistance being made Cannons were sent for from the Arsenal and so they were taken out by force and the French King not offended The Ambassadors in these latter examples by their own indiscretion and misdemenures drew these violences upon themselfs We will concude this point with a latter example in England 1624. at which time ther were two Spanish Ambassadors residing in London who were the Marquiss of Inojosa and Don Carlos Coloma and the Prince of Wales being newly returnd from Madrid Re infectâ without the Infanta matters began to gather ill bloud twixt England and Spain in regard that the Treties both of Match and Palatinat were dissolvd by Act of Parlement which was done by means of the Duke of Buckingham The said Ambassadors finding that they contrivd a way how to supplant and destroy the Duke Herupon falling into consideration that King Iames was grown old and that the least thing might make impressions of distrust and jealousies in him therfore in a privat audience they did intimat unto him that ther was a very dangerous designe against his Royal Authority traced by the Duke of Buckingham and his Complices which was that at the beginning of that Parlement the said Duke with certain Lords and others consulted of the argument means which were to be taken for the breaking and dissolving of the Treties both of the Spanish Match and for the restitution of the Palatinat and if his Majesty wold not conform therunto their consultations passd so far that he shold have a house of plesure where he might retire himself to his sports in regard that the Prince had now yeers sufficient and parts answerable for the Government of the Kingdome The King for the present dismissd them with thanks But the next day he made earnest instances that as they had discoverd a Conspiracie they wold also detect the Conspirators this being the only means wherby their own honor might be preservd in proving the truth of things To this they replyed That they had reveald enough already in order to the care and zeal they had to his Royal Person and Dignity Therupon the King commanded that the Duke of Buckingham shold be put to his Oath with others who were most suspectful which they all took for cleering their integrity This being done the King returnd to make new instances to the said Ambassadors that they wold not prefer the discovery of the names of the Conspirators to the security of his Person as also to the truth and honor of themselfs and to the hazard of an opinion to be held the Authors and Betrayers of a Plot of so much malice sedition and danger but they wold discover no more Yet a few days
number is indefinite Fee evry one 50 l. Three Gentlemen-Ushers of the Privie Chamber 30 l. Ten Grooms of the Privie Chamber Fee apiece 20 l. Four Carvers Fee evry one 50 Marks Three Cup-bearers Fee evry one 50 Marks Four Sewers Fee evry one 50 Marks Four Escuyers of the Body Fee evry one 50 Marks Four Yeomen-Ushers Fee evry one 9 l. 2 s. 6 d. Twelve Ordinary Grooms Fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Four Pages Fee evry one 2 l. Clerk of the Closet Fee evry one 4 l. Four Messengers Fee evry one 5 l. The Band of fifty Gentlemen-Pensioners Fee for evry one 50 l. Standard-bearer to the Pensioners Fee 100 Marks The Guard Captain of the Guard fee besides a Livery-Gown 14 l. Two hundred ordinary Yeomen of the Guard Fee 16l 13s 4d Fifty extraordinary 8 d. per diem 1 l. 13 s. 4 d. Standard-bearer to the Guard Fee 100 Marks Clerk of the Check fee 100 Marks The Great Wardrobe The Master his fee 100 l. Livery 15 l. Two Clerks fee each 4 l. 6. 8 d. Rent-gatherer fee 5 l. 0 s. 8 d. Four Taylors fee evry one 9 l. 2 s. 6 d. Skinner fee 18 l. 5 s. 0 d. Three Embroderers fee evry one 18 l. 5 s. 0 d. The Butlary of England Chief Butler Fee 50 Marks The Counting House Four Clerks fee evry one 44 l. 6 s. 8 d. Clerk to the Cofferer fee 20 l. Yeoman fee 5 l. Groom fee 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. The Iewel-House Master his fee 50 l. Yeoman his fee 6 l. Groom his fee 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. The Green-cloth I should have spoken before herof in point of precedence It being a Court of Justice continually sitting in the Kings Palace The chiefest wherof are the Lord Steward the Tresurer the Controwler and Cofferer the Master of the Houshold two Clerks of the Green-cloth and two Clerks Controwlers Of these the first three are usually of the Privy-Council For unto This being as some hold the first and ancient Court of Justice in England is committed the Charge and surintendency of the Kings Court Royal for matter of government It is called the Green-cloth from the colour of the Carpet at which they sit wheron the Kings Arms are embrodered and on each side the Arms of the Counting House bearing verd a Key and a Rod or white Staff argent saultie signifying their power to reward or correct as persons for their great prudence and experience thought fit to exercise both those functions The Robes Yeoman fee 50 l. Groom fee 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Page fee 2 l. Harbingers Knight-Harbinger fee 50 l. Four Harbingers fee evry one 10 l. Thirty Yeomen of the Crown fee evry one 6 l. 1 s. 8 d. The Beds Five Marshals fee evry one 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Four Sewers fee evry one 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Two Survayors fee evry one 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Two Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Clerk fee 14 l. Two Grooms fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee evry one 2 l. The Pantry Sergeants fee 11 l. 8 s. 1. ob Four Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Four Grooms fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee evry one 2 l. Bread-bearer fee 1 l. 10 s. 4 d. The Boteller Yeoman fee 5 l. Groom fee 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. The Hall Servitors sixteen to four fee 3 l. 8 s. 4 d. To the rest 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. The Buttry Four Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Four Grooms fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee each 2 l. The Cellar Sergeant fee 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Seven Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Groom fee 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee each 2 l. The Ewry Sergeant fee 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Three Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Two Grooms fee each 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee each 2 l. Three Clerks fee evry one 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob The Bake-house Sergeant fee 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Seven Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Two Grooms fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Four Conducts fee evry one per diem 4 d. The Kitchin Two Master-Cooks fee evry one 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Six Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Six Grooms fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Eight Children fee evry one 2 l. Galapines apparel for them of the Hall Kitchin and Privie Kitchin 50 l. Surveyor of the Dresser fee 22 l. 1 s. 3 d. To the Cooks at Easter in Larges 6 l. 13 s. 4 d. To the Scullery Larges 1 l. To the Pastry Larges 2 l. The Spicery Clerk fee 32 l. Yeoman fee 5 l. The Pitcher-House Two Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Two Grooms fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee evry one 2 l. The Chaundlery Sargeant fee 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Two Yeomen fee each 5 l. Two Grooms fee each 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee evry one 2 l. The Larder Sergeant fee 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Yeoman fee 5 l. Two Grooms fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee evry one 2 l. The Boyling House Two Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Three Grooms fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee 2 l. Clerk fee 6 l. 13 s. 4 d. The Neatery Yeoman-Pourvoyer of Salt Fish fee 40 l. Yeoman-Pourvoyer of Fresh Fish fee 7 l. 13 s. 4 d. Seven Yeomen-Pourvoyers of Oxen Mutton Veal Lamb c. fee evry one 7 l. 13 s. 4 d. Four Grooms fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Yeomen of the Store-house fee 5 l. The Poultry Sargeant fee 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Clerk fee 6 l. 13 s. 4 d. Four Yeomen-Pourvoyers fee evry one 7 l. 13 s. 4 d. The Scalding House Yeoman fee 5 l. Two Grooms fee each 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee each 2 l. The Pastry Two Sergeants fee each 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Clerk fee 6 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Yeomen fee each 5 l. Four Grooms fee evry one 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Four Children or Pages fee evry one 2 d. The Scullery Three Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Two Grooms fee each 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee each 2 l. Amners Gentleman-Amner fee 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Sub-Amner fee 6 l. 16 s. 10 d. ob Four Yeomen fee evry one 5 l. Two Grooms fee each 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Chappel Gentlemen of the Chappel fee apiece 11 l. 8 s. 1 d. ob Master of the Children his fee 40 l. To the Children at high-Feast-Largesses 9 l. 13 s. 4 d. Allowance for their Breakfasts 16 l. The Laundry Two Yeomen fee each 5 l. Two Grooms fee each 2 l. 13 s. 4 d. Two Pages fee each 2 l. One Woman-Laundress fee 10 l. The Wafry Clerk fee 6 l. 13
The Law presupposeth that he sits not only at the Kings Bench but in other Courts of Judicature for the Writs go Teste meipso And because the Law sayth that the King must govern in Mercie and Justice the sole power of Pardoning is in Him Moreover the power of Coinage is only in the King with the enhancing or decrying the price of money He is the sole Gran Master of the Mint wheras in France others partake with the King in this high Prerogative Nor doth any Kings Face shine in purer Metal for it shines onely in pure Gold and Silver and that of the finest Standard Mixture and Allay of any in Europe wheras I have seen and felt the face of the French King in Copper and Brass with other mixt mongrel stuff As also of the King of Spain's though he terms himself the Monark of Gold and Silver Mines yet the common currant Coyn twixt Merchant and Mechanick is Copper wherin the Hollander by his cunning hath done him a world of mischief from time to time by counterfaiting that Copper Coyn and â—…oysting it in by divers artifices as in a ship laden with Lead and Tin ther wold be somtimes divers Sows of Lead hollowed and crammd with quartils as also in hollowed Masts with other inventions Insomuch that one time when all the Vellon or Copper Coin was calld in and a scrutiny made how much had bin coynd ther were many millions more found to be brought in and counterfaited then had bin stampd in the Kings Mint By the Common Law of the Land the King of Great Britain hath three Royal Ensignes which cannot belong to any other He hath the Crown the Scepter and the Polemical Sword as I have mentiond in another Treatise and is proper to touch here By the first He reigns by the second he makes Laws by the third viz. the Sword He protects them Concerning the Crown or Royal Diadem the Laws of England assert that it descends upon his head by a right Hereditary line though through dâ—…vers ancient Royal Races wherof some were Conquerors The Crown is His as much as any mans Cap 's his own And ther is no Crown stuck with fairer Flowers I mean Royal Prerogatives wherof divers were spoken of before Concerning the Scepter it may be calld an Individual Copartner or a Royal Appendix to the Crown It doth capacitate the King to Enact Laws for before his Assent all the Results and Determinations of Parlement are but Bills they may be said to be but abortive things and meer Embryos nay they have no life at all in them till the King by his breath infuseth vigour and animation into them and the ancient Custom was for the King to touch them with the Scepter then they are Laws and have a virtue in them to impose an universal obligation upon all sorts of peeple Now it is an undeniable Principle of the Law of England That nothing can be generally binding without the Kings Royal Assent nor doth the Law take notice of any thing without it This makes Them to be calld afterwards the Kings Laws and the Judges are said to deliver the Kings Iudgments nay he himself is always Lord Chief Justice of England which Title is not assumable by any Subject Now before an English Law is made ther is mature and mighty long deliberation goes before for first the business is agitated and canvasd many days in the House of Commons which represents all the peeple of England till it comes to the ripeness of a Bill The Bill being drawn is read thrice in the House and having passd the brunt of all Exception t is engrossd and transmitted to the Lords and there also t is read thrice and debated with much deliberation Then by concurrence of both Houses t is presented to the King who consults with his Learned Counsel whether ther be any thing therin derogatory to his Prerogatives if not He gives his Royal Assent and then t is created a Law and generally binding Touching the power of the Sword it is more proper to treat of it in the next Paragraph Moreover the Lex Terrae the Common Law of England makes the King the Fountain of Honour nay without any disparagement or offence be it spoken He can confer Honor upon other Kings and Souverain Princes as he is Souverain of the Order of Saint George wherof ther have bin eight Emperors five Kings of the French four of Spain seven of Portugal two of the Scots four of Denmark three of Naples one of Poland and another of Sweden two Dukes of Urbine one of Millain one of Ferrara one of Savoy one of Calabria one of Holland one of Gueldres four Princes of Orenge seven Counts Palatin of the Rhin two Dukes of Brunswick two of Holstain one of Brandenburgh and one Duke of Wittenberg with divers other Forren Princes Now among all Orders purely Military ther is not any now remaining in the Christian world either more ancient or honorable then the Noble Order of Saint George wherof the Garter is a Symbole therfore are they calld Equites periscelidis Knights of the most Noble Order of the Garter which Order was first instituted by that Victorious King Edward the third who was offerd to be Emperour Anno 1350. which was threescore yeers wanting one before the Institution of the French Order of S. Michael by Lewis the eleventh and 229 yeers before the Order of St. Esprit by Henry the third and full fourscore yeers before the erection of the Order of the Golden Fleece by Philip Duke of Burgundy It is also 209 more ancient then the Order of the Knights of the Elephant which was devisd by the Kings of Denmark and much more then that of Amaranta excogitated by Sweden c. Now observable it is that among all these Orders l'ordre del toison d'or the Order of the Golden Fleece related to the English Wools which were transported to Flanders by our Merchants wherby all the Provinces adjoyning did so infinitly enrich themselfs And this Order of the Golden Fleece as it is one of the highest Esteem so it hath most affinity with our Order of St. George in point of Regulation as also that ther are so few of it For our Order is accounted far the Nobler because it hath constantly kept it self to the same number of Knights viz. 26. since the primitive Institution wheras the French Orders have multiplied so fast in number of Knights that one said the Order of the French Knighthoods are now become Collers for every Ass to wear about his neck And as this high Order of St. George hath the precedence of all other now worn by any King in point of Antiquity so the ground and designe of it was very Noble For when the first Idea of erecting a new Order of Knighthood entred into the head of the foresaid Heroick King Edward the third his thoughts reflected upon King Arthur who indeed was the first founder of Knighthood not only
so universal good as suppressing of Wars by making Peace Frendship and Concord or for the advancement of Commerce and Frendship Now it adds much to the Honor of Ambassadors that none can send any under that Title unless he be a Souverain Prince Ther is no subject capable to send or receave any Ambassador be he never so great a Viceroy if he do it is no less then High Treson Therfore before the beginning of the last Civil Wars in England it was Treson in the highest degree for the Scots Inconsulto Principe to send Lowden and others in quality of privat Clancular Commissioners to treat with the French King in the name of the whole Nation for assistance And though the King himself made a semblance not to admit or hear them yet his fiery Cardinal huggd them whence it may be well said the first flames of the said VVars broke out It is recorded in the Life of Eliz. Queen of England that the Duke of Alva when he was Governor of Flanders sent Christopher Assonville in quality of a Minister of State but the Queen wold not admit him because he could produce neither Commission or Credential Letter from the King of Spain whose Vassal Alva was In the year 1604. the King of Spain motiond that the publik Minister who was here for the Hollanders shold not be stild Ambassador because they are subject to the Empire and have a Superior having bin incorporated in the Empire by Charles the fifth 1548. at the Diet of Auspurg as Meteranus relates and says besides that Rodolphus 2. writ Letters unto them 1607. as to Vassals of the Empire and consequently they had no power to make Peace or War without the consent of Caesar which they then acknowledgd by their Letters sent to Colen The Electors and Princes of Germany have got a privilege to send and receave Ambassadors touching matters that concern their own Territories but not the state of the Empire The like the Hans Town may do But Rebels have no capacity to employ any in quality of Ministers of State no not so much as an Herald Therfore Charles the fifth was censurd for admitting a Herald with Letters denouncing a War from the Lutheran party in Germany and dismissing him unpunishd though he told him that if he came again in steed of a Gold Chain he shold have a Halter for his reward Touching the Electors or Princes of Germany and the Hans Towns or Cities of the Hansa it hath bin much controverted whether they had Ius Legationis whether they had a capacity to make a Mission of Ministers of State that might bear the quality and privilege of Ambassadors Concerning the first Kirknerus a great Civilian holds That the German Princes may have such a Prerogative but it is secundario tantum Iure Et qui Ius mittendorum Legatorum secundario tantùm Iure habent mittuntur Legati non de Rebus universum concernentibus Imperium sed tantùm sui Territorii ratione eo enim Ipsis intuitu tantùm datum ultra igitur terminos non est procedendum fieret enim altàs prejudicium Imperatori c. The German Princes may employ Ambassadors to Forren Princes by a secondary Right not to treat of Affairs concerning the Universal Empire but of things only appertaining to their own particular Territories and beyond those bounds they must not proceed And ther are some Princes in Italy also that are no less under the Majesty of the Empire in this kind but c. As for the Hans Towns and Corporations they claim the same privilege as the Princes do for they are free Imperial Cities and communicat of the same Regalias yet all by the indulgence of the Emperour wherunto his necessities from time to time enforcd him The Provinces of Belgia or the Netherlands under pretext of such a Right sent the Baron of Montigni as Ambassador to Spain at the beginning of the tumults but Philip the second choppd off his head saying That Vassals much less Rebels have no power to employ Ambassadors Yet this King his Grandchild admitted Ascham who came from as notorious Rebels though not in reference to him which he excusd in regard that Queen Elizabeth had receavd Ambassadors from Holland at their first revolt before they were acknowledgd a State and that she was the chiefest supportress of them VVe will conclude this Paragraph with this Ticklish Point VVhether a Protestant Prince may not send an Ambassador to the Pope and by way of civil correspondence receave another from Him though Iustice Ashton was of a contrary opinion yet Sir Edward Coke was for the Affirmatif and his reason is because that besides his Spiritual Jurisdiction the Pope is a Temporal Prince and ther may be Ambassadors sent to him as well as to the Turk or Mogor The fourth Paragraph Of the Privileges Security Reception and the honorable sacred esteem which hath bin always had of the Persons of Ambassadors AMong many other Privileges which Ambassadors enjoy and are endowd withal Iure Gentium by the Law of Nations not only their Persons have bin always esteemd sacred and inviolable but their Houses have bin held and allowd as Sanctuaries all their Servants from the Stuard to the Scullion-Boy are free from all kind of outrages violence or arrests And they have this security not only in Courts and Cities but in the midst of Armies in the Field twixt Swords Muskets and Guns for though Ambassadors come from an Enemy yet they are accounted none VVhensoever they take footing upon the shore or confines of any Prince to whom they are sent they use to be attended by Harbingers and other Officers all the way till they arrive at the Court. If they be robbd the King makes good their losses If an extraordinary Ambassador he is attended at his first entrance with a more splendid equippage he is Lodgd and Dieted at the Kings charge for so many days with his whole train At his Audience the King riseth to him pulls off his Hat and bows his Body c. Besoldus produceth the King of England anno 1527. for an example how he observd the French Ambassador as if he had bin the King himself His words are Angliae Rex Gallicum Legatum planè ut Regem observavit eique supremum locum concessit adeoque honoravit ut in Comoediis ipsius Regis filiae sustineret personam The King of England observd the French Ambassador plainly as the King and gave him the upper place and he so honord him that he held by the arm the Kings Daughter to a Comedy But the Princes Electors carry themselfs high in this particular for they take place of Ambassadors and the reason which Guetta and other Civilians give is In praesente Principe vera Majestas in Legato tantùm dignitas aliena In Principe reiveritas in Legato effigiata adumbrata est ut autem umbra Luci ita Principi Legatus quamvis enim Fictio tantùm operetur quantùm rei veritas
ipsa tamen ubi veritas Fictio adidem collimant veritas praevalet Fictioni In the present Prince ther is real Majesty in an Ambassador only a representative In the Prince ther is the truth of the thing in an Ambassador the effigies or shadow Now as the shadow yeelds to the light so an Ambassador must yeeld to a Prince For although a Fiction operats as much as the truth of the thing yet where Truth and Fiction aim at one thing Truth is Prevalent Nay the Electors jointly hold themselfs to be more then the Emperour he being their production and made by their Suffrages and election and the Rule of Heraldry is Honor est in Dante But all this is by the by Now so high and transcendent is the privilege of an Ambassador and his Person so sacred that whosoever doth perpetrat any thing against his safety he is guilty of High Treson of Laesae Majestatis that is of prostituted Faith Publik Authority and of a breach of the Law of Nations Qui violarit Legatum Lege Iulia de vi publica tenetur VVho violats an Ambassador by the Iulian Law he is guilty of publik violence and by the Pontifical Law t is no less then a Piacle therfore he is interdicted from the benefit of holy things We will produce some Examples what revenges have followd for the violation of Ambassadors The King of the Ammonits did deride and ill entreat the Ambassadors of King David and to make them more contumelious their Beards were half shaven and their garments torn to their tails but what ensued the Ammonits afterward were overcome in Battail and Rabba their chief City being taken it was sacrificed with other Cities also to free plunder and the fury of the soldiers so the affronts done to the Ambassadors were vindicated The Romans usd for a Piaculary Revenge to send those who had violated an Ambassador to the King whose person he represented as a victime that he might inflict upon them what punishment he pleased for the aâ—…rocity of the Fact So Minutius and Manlius were sent to Carthage by a solemn Decree of the Senat because they had wrongd her Ambassadors at Rome And so respectful were the Romans of the sacred Persons of Ambassadors that if any free Citizen of Rome did offer the least violence though by words only he was degraded of being a free Citizen ever after Nay the very name of Ambassador is so sacred that ther is a rare example that though some did counterfait it yet they wold lay no violent hands upon them For Scipio Africanus having taken a ship laden with many illustrious Carthaginians they said that they were Ambassadors sent to him yet though it was found they were none he dismissd them peaceably That as Valerius hath it Romani Imperatoris potiùs decepta fides quà m frustra implorata videretur Ambassadors also have a privilege that what children they get abroad be it under what Climat it will during their Legation they are free-born Denizens of that Country whence they come and need no Naturalization and the reason which Hotoman gives is that they cannot be said to be absent thence all the while being still doing the business of their own Country though they live as Exiles for the time for the common good Besides if they chance to die there their goods are not subject to droit d' Aubaine that is they do not fall by Escheatage to the King as other strangers goods do in some Countries When they are revokd home they are advanced to the best Offices and not only as a jeering French-man said to pluck Capons as Sir Henry Vane Sir Peter Wichts and Sir Thomas Edmonds were who were made Officers of the Green-cloth in the Kings Houshold Lastly after their deaths ther were statues erected to perpetuat their memories The fifth Paragraph Of the Breeding and Education of the Parts and Perfections both Acquird and Natural which are requird in an Ambassador AS in a General or Commander in chief of an Army ther is requird Valour Magnanimity and Courage so in an Ambassador ther is Wisdome Discretion and Prudence requird The one is for Performance and Action the other is for Counsel and Negotiation Ther is also Elocution requisit in both in the one to enforce the justice of the Quarrel and to infuse courage into the soldiers by his Hortatives in lieu wherof Sermons are made use of in latter Ages in the other to move the affections of the Prince he is sent unto Therfore Mercury was appointed to be Ambassador of the Gods in regard of his Eloquence And this strain of well-speaking in an Ambassador must be natural as well as by art for the Italian tells us Una oncia di Natura vale una libra di Dottrina An ounce of Nature is worth a pound of Learning Touching matter of Literature ther are two principal Qualities requird in him viz. to be a good Historian and a good Linguist being the first t is presumd he is stord with Examples Precedents and Observations of the Carriage of other Ambassadors Of what encounters and difficulties they found in their Negotiations and what successes they had By being a good Linguist he hath extraordinary advantage to facilitat his affairs to converse with other Ambassadors upon the place to get intelligence and gain the knowledge and frendship of the prime men and Ministers of that Prince to whom he is employd and to get his favor also But it is a caution which the Civilians give That an Ambassador shold not speak but in a Language which he well understands for fear of slips and placing a word amiss Now t is a great truth specially in an Ambassador that Meglio è sducciolare co ' piedi che con la lingua T is better to slip with the foot then with the toung Now the toung being by the institution of Nature in udo posita put in a moist place is very subject to slip That worthy Knight Frederik Marselaer in his Book calld the Legat and the Civilians point at divers qualities that shold be in an Ambassador 1. He shold be an Indigena born in that Country whence he comes that all his hopes of preferment may be there and certainly a Stranger or Alien though made free Denizen cannot be so proper for a true-born Childe must needs negotiat with more affection for the honor and safety for the benefit and interest of his own native Country and Mother 2. He must be a Gentleman born or Noble for all Gentlemen are accounted Noble in other Countries He must be no Agaso or Caprimulgus and then he will gain more respect from the Prince and Peeple to whom he is employd for since he must take Precedence of Princes Dukes Marquisses and Earls c. they will not think it much to give him priority of place being well born 3. He must be a comely and graceful Person being to represent the person of his Prince for the peeple