by_o imprisonment_n during_o life_n forfeit_v of_o good_n and_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o land_n during_o life_n for_o this_o crime_n the_o earl_n of_o morton_n be_v execute_v by_o king_n james_n 6._o for_o have_v conceal_v the_o design_v death_n of_o king_n henry_n his_o father_n and_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o conceal_v be_v treason_n where_o the_o king_n be_v not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o repress_v or_o punish_v the_o treason_n that_o be_v intend_v for_o there_o the_o end_n of_o reveal_v seem_v to_o cease_v which_o be_v information_n in_o order_n to_o resistance_n it_o have_v be_v likewise_o doubt_v whether_o the_o not_o reveal_v treason_n be_v punishable_a where_o the_o treason_n be_v design_v by_o the_o prince_n or_o queen_n but_o since_o they_o be_v likewise_o subject_n and_o may_v commit_v treason_n therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o doubt_n but_o it_o be_v treason_n in_o any_o other_o to_o conceal_v their_o treasonable_a design_n fourteen_o the_o eleven_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o flee_v from_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o lieutenant_n which_o be_v not_o extend_v only_o to_o such_o as_o be_v swear_v to_o colour_n but_o even_o to_o such_o as_o be_v warn_v to_o and_o do_v attend_v the_o king_n host_n vid._n tit_n the_o jurisdiction_n over_o soldier_n xv._n the_o twelve_o point_n of_o treason_n be_v to_o deny_v his_o majesty_n have_v the_o only_a power_n of_o call_v and_o dissolve_v of_o parliament_n act_n 3.1_o parl._n ch._n 2._o xvi_o by_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v treason_n to_o kill_v any_o of_o the_o prince_n counsellor_n because_o they_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o prince_n own_o body_n l._n quisquis_fw-la c._n h._n t._n but_o with_o we_o the_o pursue_v or_o invade_v any_o of_o the_o session_n secret_a council_n or_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n officer_n for_o do_v his_o majesty_n service_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o death_n but_o not_o as_o treason_n act_n 4._o parl._n 16._o ja._n 6._o by_o officer_n here_o be_v mean_v only_a officer_n of_o state_n else_o it_o may_v be_v extend_v to_o messenger_n and_o i_o hear_v it_o resolve_v that_o this_o act_n extend_v not_o to_o such_o as_o invade_v the_o lyon_n and_o these_o word_n any_o of_o the_o session_n be_v not_o extend_v to_o advocat_n clerk_n macer_n or_o any_o else_o beside_o the_o lord_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o narrative_a of_o the_o act._n but_o i_o think_v the_o quality_n adject_v that_o they_o be_v invade_v for_o do_v his_o majesty_n service_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o circumstance_n and_o presumption_n as_o if_o a_o pursuer_fw-mi who_o have_v lose_v a_o cause_n shall_v invade_v the_o next_o day_n a_o lord_n who_o have_v vote_v against_o he_o and_o the_o word_n this_o be_v verify_v and_o try_v import_v so_o much_o but_o the_o stat._n edward_n 3._o be_v much_o more_o clear_a make_v it_o treason_n to_o kill_v the_o officer_n therein_o mention_v only_o viz._n chancellor_n thesaurer_n chief_a justice_n of_o either_o bench_n or_o any_o judge_n of_o either_o bench_n sit_v in_o judgement_n only_o and_o from_o this_o statute_n of_o our_o neighbour_a nation_n we_o may_v argue_v that_o the_o kill_a none_o below_o a_o lord_n of_o session_n shall_v infer_v the_o punishment_n of_o this_o act._n the_o kill_v a_o member_n of_o parliament_n be_v not_o in_o england_n treason_n though_o the_o parliament_n be_v a_o high_a judicatory_a than_o any_o express_v in_o the_o act._n and_o cook_n tell_v we_o that_o they_o allow_v not_o argumentum_fw-la à _fw-la fortiori_fw-la to_o infer_v crime_n and_o with_o we_o the_o kill_a a_o member_n of_o parliament_n will_v not_o infer_v death_n by_o this_o act_n since_o they_o fall_v under_o no_o qualification_n therein_o specify_v in_o england_n kill_v officer_n fall_v only_o under_o the_o statute_n but_o with_o we_o invade_v or_o pursue_v they_o be_v death_n though_o it_o take_v no_o effect_n quaritur_fw-la if_o to_o invade_v they_o when_o they_o be_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n will_v fall_v under_o the_o statute_n since_o they_o be_v not_o under_o that_o character_n elsewhere_o or_o if_o he_o who_o invade_v they_o during_o their_o be_v suspend_v will_v fall_v under_o this_o act_n since_o during_o that_o time_n they_o retain_v the_o character_n and_o the_o exercise_n be_v only_o suspend_v and_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o doctor_n that_o a_o statute_n punish_v such_o as_o invade_v magistrate_n be_v only_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o such_o magistrate_n as_o be_v once_o admit_v but_o not_o to_o such_o as_o be_v only_o name_v or_o elect_v for_o such_o statute_n be_v extend_v in_o gratiosis_fw-la yet_o they_o be_v restrict_v in_o such_o odious_a point_n as_o their_o cabal_n case_z 148._o treasonable_a word_n vid._n t._n injury_n and_o libel_n xvii_o the_o three_o branch_n of_o the_o division_n be_v statutory_a treason_n which_o comprehend_v under_o it_o several_a other_o point_n of_o treason_n which_o because_o they_o relate_v to_o other_o crime_n therefore_o i_o shall_v also_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o these_o title_n wherein_o these_o crime_n be_v principal_o treat_v of_o but_o it_o will_v appear_v by_o these_o act_n that_o these_o crime_n be_v not_o declare_v to_o be_v treason_n but_o only_o to_o be_v punishable_a as_o treason_n and_o therefore_o these_o statutory_a treason_n have_v not_o at_o all_o the_o other_o privilege_n competent_a to_o treason_n as_o that_o they_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o woman_n &_o alios_fw-la testes_fw-la inhabiles_fw-la or_o that_o he_o who_o accuse_v in_o these_o will_v commit_v treason_n if_o he_o prove_v not_o his_o accusation_n thus_o wilful_a fire_n raise_v be_v treason_n ja._n 5._o parl._n 3._o cap._n ultimo_fw-la theft_n in_o landed-man_n be_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 11._o cap._n 50._o vid._n tit_n theft_n murder_n under_o trust_n be_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 11._o cap._n 51._o vid._n tit_n murder_n sayer_n of_o mass_n jesuit_n traffic_v papist_n and_o their_o resetter_n commit_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 12._o cap._n 120._o vid._n tit_n heresy_n to_o buy_v or_o bring_v home_o poison_n be_v treason_n ja._n 2._o parl._n 7._o c._n 31._o vid._n poison_n thief_n who_o take_v leill_n man_n upon_o bond_n to_o re-enter_v they_o commit_v treason_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 1._o cap._n 21._o but_o though_o this_o act_n speak_v general_o of_o the_o take_n of_o any_o scottish-man_n yet_o it_o may_v clear_o appear_v by_o the_o narrative_a and_o the_o whole_a strain_n of_o the_o act_n that_o the_o same_o strike_v only_o against_o such_o thief_n as_o keep_v correspondence_n with_o the_o english_a and_o take_v scottish-man_n prisoner_n into_o england_n but_o custom_n have_v interpret_v this_o otherwise_o for_o duncan_n macgrigor_n be_v 15._o july_n 1643._o convict_v and_o hang_v as_o a_o traitor_n for_o art_n and_o part_n of_o take_v james_n anderson_n and_o john_n mackie_n and_o the_o take_n of_o captain_n cairn_n find_v relevant_a as_o a_o article_n of_o treason_n against_o assint_fw-la to_o usurp_v any_o prelate_n place_n after_o his_o decease_n be_v likewise_o treason_n ja._n 5._o parl._n 7._o cap._n 125._o xviii_o this_o crime_n have_v in_o it_o many_o specialty_n wherein_o it_o differ_v from_o other_o crime_n as_o first_o he_o who_o accuse_v any_o man_n for_o treason_n do_v incur_v the_o pain_n of_o treason_n if_o the_o defender_n be_v acquit_v which_o be_v occasion_v as_o the_o act_n bear_v because_o of_o the_o odiousness_n of_o treason_n but_o since_o the_o the_o act_n say_v express_o that_o this_o shall_v take_v place_n where_o the_o party_n calumniat_fw-la be_v call_v accuse_v and_o quit_v of_o the_o crime_n of_o treason_n therefore_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o though_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi raise_v summons_n of_o treason_n and_o shall_v pass_v from_o the_o same_o before_o the_o panel_n go_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n that_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la though_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi might_n be_v punish_v poena_fw-la extraordinaria_fw-la yet_o he_o can_v not_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o traitor_n it_o may_v be_v likewise_o doubt_v if_o this_o hold_v in_o statutory_a treason_n as_o theft_n in_o land_a man_n etc._n etc._n and_o since_o the_o reason_n inductive_a of_o that_o act_n be_v the_o odiousness_n of_o treason_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o this_o rigid_a law_n shall_v not_o take_v place_n in_o these_o point_n of_o treason_n which_o be_v not_o so_o odious_a of_o their_o own_o nature_n another_o speciality_n in_o treason_n be_v that_o it_o can_v only_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice_n reg._n maj._n lib._n 1._o e._n 1._o v._n 1._o and_o that_o because_o of_o the_o king_n immediate_a interest_n since_o it_o be_v not_o presumable_a that_o the_o fiscal_n in_o inferior_a court_n will_v be_v as_o careful_a as_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n who_o can_v appear_v there_o and_o because_o of_o the_o intricacy_n and_o great_a consequence_n of_o that_o crime_n but_o it_o may_v be_v
title_n xv._n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o of_o the_o several_a employment_n of_o the_o officer_n of_o that_o court._n 1._o who_o be_v judge_n to_o crime_n in_o greece_n and_o at_o rome_n 2._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n with_o we_o 3._o the_o power_n of_o the_o justice-general_a and_o justice-deputs_a 4._o the_o office_n of_o justice-clerk_n 5._o what_o action_n be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o justice-court_n 6._o the_o macer_n and_o crowner_n of_o the_o justice-court_n i._o all_z nation_n have_v commit_v the_o cognition_n of_o crime_n to_o the_o wise_a of_o their_o judge_n because_o our_o life_n be_v our_o great_a concern_n and_o if_o the_o judge_n err_v there_o his_o error_n can_v seldom_o be_v repair_v the_o athenian_n have_v the_o areopage_n for_o their_o criminal_a court_n which_o be_v the_o most_o famous_a court_n then_o in_o the_o world_n of_o who_o the_o grecian_n use_v to_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o they_o judge_v homicide_n in_o a_o particular_a place_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v very_o numerous_a and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d institute_v by_o solon_n for_o judge_a crime_n be_v likewise_o 50._o at_o rome_n praefectus_fw-la vrbis_fw-la judge_v all_o the_o crime_n that_o be_v commit_v within_o the_o town_n &_o intra_fw-la centesimum_fw-la lapidem_fw-la and_o the_o proconsul_n and_o precedent_n judge_v crime_n in_o the_o country_n but_o the_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la praefectus_fw-la augustalis_fw-la comes_fw-la orientis_fw-la &_o vicarius_fw-la praefecti_fw-la praetorio_fw-la have_v also_o a_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n the_o justice_n court_n with_o we_o have_v for_o its_o member_n the_o justice-general_n the_o justice-clerk_n the_o justice-deputs_a the_o clerk-depute_a the_o dempster_n the_o officer_n and_o the_o macer_n ii_o the_o justice-general_n be_v constitute_v by_o a_o gift_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n either_o ad_fw-la vitam_fw-la or_o by_o a_o temporary_a commission_n but_o still_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n his_o salary_n of_o old_a be_v five_o pound_n for_o every_o day_n of_o the_o justice_n air_n leg_n malcol_n cap._n 2._o num_fw-la 3.1_o but_o now_o it_o be_v arbitrary_a and_o the_o ordinary_a salary_n by_o his_o gift_n be_v two_o hundred_o pound_n sterling_n to_o be_v uplift_v by_o himself_o out_o of_o the_o fine_n of_o court_n and_o if_o he_o can_v attain_v to_o payment_n that_o way_n out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o justice-court_n of_o old_a be_v the_o only_a sovereign_a court_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o have_v then_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o jurisdiction_n which_o the_o session_n have_v now_o for_o they_o be_v judge_n to_o recognition_n brieve_v of_o mortancestrie_n dissasine_n purpresture_n and_o distriction_n for_o debt_n reg._n maj._n lib._n 1._o cap_n 5._o num_fw-la 2._o &_o lib._n 2._o cap._n 74._o quon_n att_o cap._n 52._o &_o 53._o lib._n 3._o cap._n 28._o and_o after_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o session_n they_o remain_v still_o judge_n to_o perambulation_n and_o brieve_v be_v direct_v in_o latin_a for_o trial_n thereof_o and_o the_o reason_n hereof_o seem_v to_o be_v because_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n observe_v ad_fw-la armacurritur_fw-la in_o sinibus_fw-la regundis_fw-la and_o the_o fit_a person_n for_o compese_v such_o tumult_n be_v the_o justice-general_a but_o now_o the_o sheriff_n and_o lord_n of_o session_n cognosce_fw-la such_o case_n and_o i_o have_v cause_v raise_v a_o advocation_n from_o the_o sheriff_n of_o tividale_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o some_o jedburgh_n man_n to_o the_o justice-general_a ex_fw-la hoc_fw-la capite_fw-la the_o lord_n will_v not_o sustain_v the_o advocation_n but_o remit_v the_o case_n back_o to_o the_o sheriff_n who_o they_o find_v also_o competent_a so_o that_o such_o brieu_v may_v yet_o be_v direct_v to_o the_o justice_n general_n though_o he_o have_v not_o a_o privative_a jurisdiction_n therein_o iii_o i_o find_v the_o justice-general_a call_v the_o chief_a justice_n in_o all_o the_o register_n annis_n 1637._o and_o 1638._o and_o the_o principal_a justiciar_n anno_fw-la 1503._o the_o justice-deputs_a be_v not_o limit_v to_o any_o definit_a number_n but_o usual_o they_o be_v two_o and_o have_v each_o a_o pension_n from_o his_o majesty_n when_o they_o be_v constitute_v by_o a_o gift_n from_o he_o which_o pass_v the_o privy_a seal_n only_o and_o these_o be_v still_o call_v his_o majesty_n justice-deputs_a and_o be_v not_o deputes_o to_o the_o justice-general_a for_o else_o they_o can_v not_o sit_v in_o judgement_n with_o he_o as_o they_o do_v and_o in_o effect_n they_o have_v a_o equal_a power_n and_o voice_n with_o he_o but_o when_o he_o make_v a_o deput_n he_o shall_v not_o sit_v with_o he_o nam_fw-la delegatus_fw-la non_fw-la simul_fw-la concurrit_fw-la and_o i_o find_v mr._n alexander_n colvil_n call_v in_o his_o gift_n general-justice-deput_a which_o be_v do_v to_o denotat_fw-la the_o universality_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n and_o to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o justice_n in_o that_o part_n such_o as_o be_v these_o nobleman_n and_o other_o who_o have_v the_o power_n of_o justiciary_a over_o their_o own_o land_n and_o in_o binny_v case_n the_o lord_n have_v remit_v he_o to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice-general_a and_o his_o depute_n the_o justice-deputs_a declare_v that_o they_o accept_v only_o of_o the_o remit_v as_o meaning_n they_o be_v his_o majesty_n justice-deputs_a and_o when_o his_o majesty_n direct_v any_o letter_n to_o they_o he_o direct_v it_o to_o our_o trusty_a and_o well_o belove_a cousin_n and_o counsellor_n to_o our_o trusty_a and_o well_o belove_v our_o justice-general_a and_o justice-deputs_a of_o old_a i_o find_v there_o be_v eight_o justice-deputs_a the_o justice-deputs_a have_v former_o the_o privilege_n of_o be_v present_a at_o the_o council_n which_o be_v very_o fit_a because_o many_o criminal_a case_n come_v in_o before_o they_o and_o they_o retain_v still_o the_o privilege_n of_o be_v present_a at_o parliament_n they_o be_v call_v attornati_fw-la justiciarii_fw-la quon_n attach_v c._n 61._o &_o assis_fw-la r._n david_n c._n nullus_fw-la by_o the_o 1._o article_n of_o the_o regulation_n 3._o session_n 2._o par._n ch._n 2._o the_o office_n of_o justice-deputs_a be_v suppress_v and_o five_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v adjoin_v to_o the_o justice-general_a and_o justice-clerk_n four_o of_o the_o number_n be_v a_o quorum_fw-la except_o at_o justice_n court_n because_o then_o the_o justice_n be_v divide_v and_o two_o may_v be_v a_o quorum_fw-la their_o present_a habit_n be_v scarlet_a adorn_v with_o white_a and_o this_o i_o find_v the_o king_n of_o old_a have_v vestem_fw-la purpuream_fw-la sed_fw-la albi_fw-la habens_fw-la non_fw-la nihil_fw-la admixtam_fw-la perion_n de_fw-fr magistr_n rom._n pag._n 574._o iv._o the_o justice-clerk_n have_v his_o place_n from_o his_o majesty_n by_o a_o gift_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n with_o power_n to_o appoint_v depute_n for_o who_o he_o shall_v be_v answerable_a and_o be_v call_v in_o his_o gift_n clericus_fw-la nostrae_fw-la justiciariae_fw-la but_o whether_o the_o justice-clerk_n be_v a_o judge_n or_o a_o clerk_n only_o have_v be_v doubt_v and_o that_o he_o be_v a_o judge_n appear_v not_o only_o from_o our_o inviolable_a present_a custom_n wherein_o he_o sit_v and_o preside_v when_o the_o justice-general_a be_v not_o present_a and_o takes_z precedency_n from_o the_o other_o justice-deputs_a but_o likewise_o by_o the_o 87._o act_n 11._o parl._n i._n 6._o expense_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v modify_v to_o the_o party_n cleanse_v by_o the_o â—ustice_n justice-clerk_n and_o their_o depute_n sed_fw-la ita_fw-la est_fw-la that_o modification_n of_o expense_n be_v a_o judicial_a sentence_n at_o least_o be_v actus_fw-la jurisdictionis_fw-la &_o jurisdictio_fw-la tantum_fw-la explicaâ—i_fw-la potest_fw-la per_fw-la judicem_fw-la &_o non_fw-la peractuarium_fw-la vel_fw-la referendarium_fw-la as_o to_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n of_o justice-clerk_n it_o be_v receive_v by_o tradition_n that_o because_o clerici_fw-la or_o churchman_n of_o old_a can_v not_o sit_v in_o criminal_a court_n see_v the_o law_n give_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o bloodless_a jurisdiction_n therefore_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o nominat_fw-la a_o clerk_n who_o may_v represent_v they_o who_o be_v therefore_o call_v non_fw-la clericus_fw-la justiciarii_fw-la the_o clerk_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n but_o justiciarius_fw-la clericus_fw-la yet_o this_o seem_v a_o groundless_a conjecture_n for_o in_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v churchman_n sit_v upon_o blood_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o deput_n &_o qui_fw-la facit_fw-la per_fw-la alium_fw-la facit_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la and_o what_o necessity_n be_v there_o for_o their_o have_v a_o interest_n in_o the_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n and_o to_o evidence_n that_o he_o be_v clerk_n of_o the_o court_n the_o clerk_n who_o officiat_n have_v his_o place_n by_o deputation_n from_o he_o and_o be_v call_v deput_n to_o my_o lord_n justice-clerk_n nor_o can_v he_o deput_fw-la clerk_n except_o he_o be_v principal_a clerk_n
that_o these_o who_o blaspheme_n in_o jest_n be_v to_o be_v less_o severe_o punish_v and_o that_o rusticity_n mitigat_n the_o ordinary_a punishment_n in_o this_o case_n but_o gothofredus_n be_v as_o to_o the_o last_o of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n because_o rusticity_n excuse_v not_o from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n much_o less_o of_o god_n but_o they_o may_v be_v reconcile_v thus_o that_o open_a gross_a blasphemy_n be_v equal_o punishable_a in_o both_o but_o not_o consequential_a and_o indirect_a blasphemy_n as_o if_o a_o countryman_n shall_v err_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o trinity_n which_o some_o remote_a high-lander_n be_v so_o ignorant_a of_o as_o not_o to_o know_v those_o shall_v rather_o be_v pity_v then_o punish_v except_o they_o add_v obstinacy_n to_o blasphemy_n vid._n cabal_n case_z 296._o iv._o the_o punishment_n of_o blasphemy_n be_v death_n by_o the_o law_n nou._n 77._o by_o the_o canon_n law_n public_a repentance_n for_o the_o first_o fault_n and_o the_o stand_n at_o the_o church_n door_n with_o a_o infamous_a mitre_n or_o paper_n hat_n for_o a_o relapse_n v._o by_o our_o act_n 21._o sess._n 1._o par._n 1._o c._n 2._o blasphemy_n railer_n against_o god_n or_o any_o of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o bless_a trinity_n shall_v be_v likewise_o punishable_a by_o death_n if_o they_o obstinate_o continue_v therein_o from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o this_o crime_n can_v only_o be_v try_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o therefore_o not_o before_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o regality_n though_o they_o have_v equal_a power_n as_o have_v be_v former_o observe_v 2._o distraction_n be_v only_o except_v here_o so_o ignorance_n passion_n rusticity_n or_o raillery_n excuse_v not_o nam_fw-la exceptio_fw-la firmat_n regulam_fw-la in_o non_fw-la exceptis_fw-la and_o yet_o these_o may_v excuse_v from_o the_o ordinar_n punishment_n in_o some_o circumstance_n but_o be_v never_o defence_n against_o the_o relevancy_n 3._o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v why_o the_o deny_v god_n or_o any_o of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o death_n if_o they_o continue_v obstinate_a therein_o and_o yet_o the_o rail_n upon_o or_o curse_v god_n or_o the_o trinity_n be_v simple_o punishable_a without_o obstinacy_n and_o the_o difference_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o curse_v or_o rail_v against_o god_n can_v proceed_v from_o ignorance_n but_o argue_v malice_n whereas_o the_o deny_v god_n attribute_n or_o the_o trinity_n may_v proceed_v from_o ignorance_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o with_o we_o a_o person_n who_o shall_v call_v himself_o the_o son_n of_o god_n or_o the_o messiah_n can_v be_v punish_v as_o a_o blasphemer_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n think_v he_o can_v not_o and_o therefore_o james_n nailor_n be_v only_o scourge_v for_o this_o crime_n yet_o i_o think_v he_o can_v be_v reach_v by_o our_o foresay_a act_n as_o a_o person_n who_o rail_v upon_o god_n and_o the_o trinity_n for_o to_o make_v ourselves_o equal_a with_o they_o be_v to_o rail_v against_o and_o vilify_v they_o vi_o curse_v of_o parent_n viz._n father_n or_o mother_n but_z no_z other_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n if_o they_o be_v pass_v sixteen_o or_o arbitrar_o if_o they_o be_v below_o sixteen_o and_o above_o punishable_a with_o tit_n parricid_n act_n 20._o par._n 1._o sess._n 1._o ch._n 2._o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v by_o the_o 38._o act_n 1._o par._n ch._n 2._o to_o punish_v such_o as_o curse_v and_o swear_v profane_o and_o exact_v from_o a_o noble_a man_n twenty_o mark_n a_o baron_n twenty_o mark_n a_o gentle_a man_n heretor_fw-la or_o burges_n ten_o mark_n a_o yeoman_n forty_o shilling_n a_o servant_n twenty_o shilling_n a_o minister_n the_o five_o part_n of_o his_o steipend_n and_o the_o husband_n must_v pay_v his_o wife_n fine_a ergo_fw-la regulariter_fw-la the_o husband_n be_v not_o liable_a for_o the_o wife_n fine_a if_o there_o be_v no_o warrant_n therefore_o by_o statute_n by_o the_o 16._o act_n 5._o par._n q._n m._n the_o swear_v abominable_a oath_n be_v to_o be_v fine_v but_o that_o act_n be_v only_o temporary_a by_o the_o 103._o act_n par._n 7._o i._o swearer_n and_o blasphemer_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o magistrate_n and_o if_o they_o fail_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n notà _fw-la by_o this_o act_n that_o woman_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v in_o penal_a statute_n conform_v to_o their_o blood_n and_o their_o husband_n quality_n that_o be_v to_o say_v conform_v to_o their_o blood_n if_o unmarried_a or_o to_o their_o husband_n quality_n if_o marry_v and_o therefore_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o these_o woman_n who_o have_v precedency_n according_a to_o their_o birth_n though_o marry_v as_o a_o earl_n daughter_n when_o marry_v to_o a_o gentle_a man_n or_o those_o who_o have_v precedency_n by_o a_o patent_n above_o their_o husband_n quality_n shall_v not_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o their_o precedency_n though_o marry_v the_o justice_n do_v in_o may_n 1671._o fine_a a_o woman_n in_o dumfreis_n in_o 500_o mark_n for_o drink_v the_o devil_n health_n but_o do_v not_o find_v it_o blasphemy_n title_n iv._o haeresy_n 1_o the_o definition_n of_o heresy_n 2_o whether_o invocation_n of_o spirit_n be_v heresy_n 3_o the_o punishment_n of_o heresy_n 4_o jesuit_n and_o traffic_a priest_n how_o punish_v 5_o the_o specialty_n ontroduce_v in_o punish_v this_o crime_n heresy_n be_v commit_v when_o a_o christian_a own_v pertinatious_o error_n condemn_v by_o the_o church_n i_o say_v when_o a_o christian_n own_a they_o because_o pagan_n and_o mahumetan_n be_v not_o punish_v as_o heretic_n simancas_n de_fw-fr haereti_fw-la cap._n 31._o num_fw-la 3._o for_o these_o be_v enemy_n to_o our_o faith_n in_o general_n and_o err_v not_o in_o particular_a point_n of_o it_o i_o say_v who_o err_v pertinatious_o because_o such_o as_o err_v ignorant_o or_o as_o have_v err_v perverse_o do_v not_o pertinatious_o adhere_v to_o their_o error_n be_v not_o to_o be_v esteem_v heretic_n and_o this_o repentance_n be_v to_o be_v receive_v any_o time_n even_o after_o sentence_n to_o stop_v the_o execution_n carer_n fol._n 642._o except_o they_o have_v relapse_v in_o their_o heresy_n for_o their_o second_o fall_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v off_o by_o repentance_n but_o though_o their_o repentance_n secure_v they_o against_o death_n in_o the_o first_o fall_n yet_o the_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n igneus_fw-la in_o l._n ff_o ad_fw-la sillan_n cook_n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi ii_o though_o some_o make_v the_o adoration_n and_o invocation_n of_o spirit_n to_o be_v heresy_n yet_o other_o do_v more_o judicious_o determine_v that_o if_o these_o devil_n be_v invock_v to_o reveal_v thing_n to_o come_v than_o that_o invocation_n be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o heresy_n for_o that_o be_v to_o attribute_v omniscience_n to_o the_o devil_n which_o be_v one_o of_o god_n attribute_n but_o if_o the_o devil_n be_v invock_v for_o a_o particular_a end_n or_o interest_n such_o as_o that_o he_o may_v learn_v the_o invocker_n how_o to_o prevail_v with_o a_o mistress_n or_o how_o to_o gain_v a_o prince_n favour_n in_o these_o case_n the_o invocker_n be_v not_o to_o be_v call_v a_o heretic_n clarus_n §_o haeresis_fw-la num_fw-la 25._o but_o neither_o do_v that_o distinction_n please_v i_o for_o such_o as_o invock_n the_o devil_n be_v not_o proper_o heretic_n especial_o if_o they_o have_v renounce_v their_o baptism_n for_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o call_v they_o heretic_n who_o not_o only_o err_v in_o the_o faith_n but_o have_v renounce_v the_o faith_n entire_o and_o as_o pagan_n be_v not_o heretic_n because_o they_o worship_v false_a god_n so_o neither_o shall_v they_o who_o worship_v the_o devil_n and_o these_o who_o have_v renounce_v their_o baptism_n for_o they_o be_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o these_o who_o be_v never_o baptize_v iii_o the_o punishment_n of_o heresy_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n be_v to_o be_v burn_v and_o confiscation_n of_o the_o delinquent_n movable_n clar._n num_fw-la 13._o but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n heretic_n be_v only_o to_o be_v burn_v if_o they_o will_v not_o abjure_v by_o our_o law_n heresy_n be_v in_o the_o first_o instance_n try_v by_o the_o church_n and_o the_o secular_a power_n do_v not_o meddle_v to_o condemn_v heretic_n till_o they_o be_v first_o condemn_v by_o the_o church_n ja._n 1._o par._n 2._o act._n 28._o in_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o bishop_n shall_v inquire_v into_o heresy_n and_o if_o they_o be_v find_v that_o they_o be_v punish_v as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o holy_a kirk_n require_v and_o if_o it_o master_n that_o secular_a power_n be_v call_v in_o support_n and_o help_v of_o holy_a kirk_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a first_o that_o the_o kirk_n be_v judge_n to_o heresy_n in_o
be_v probable_a 3_o the_o nature_n and_o punishment_n of_o it_o in_o scotland_n 4_o baratry_n ecclesiastic_a 5_o baratry_n civil_a simony_n be_v the_o sell_v or_o buy_v any_o church_n office_n cupiditas_fw-la emendi_fw-la aut_fw-la vendendi_fw-la aliquid_fw-la spiritual_fw-la aut_fw-la spirituali_fw-la annexum_fw-la so_o call_v from_o simon_n magus_n who_o offer_v to_o buy_v the_o grace_n of_o god_n and_o the_o canonist_n teach_v that_o it_o be_v simony_n to_o paction_n for_o any_o advantage_n in_o administrate_v the_o sacrament_n but_o not_o to_o take_v reward_n after_o they_o have_v administrate_n they_o ii_o in_o this_o crime_n infamous_a person_n whoor_n and_o other_o witness_n who_o be_v not_o habiles_fw-la or_o at_o least_o who_o be_v not_o omni_n exceptione_n majores_fw-la be_v here_o receivable_a cap._n sicut_fw-la de_fw-fr simon_n because_o it_o be_v ordinary_o carry_v on_o with_o much_o privacy_n and_o clandestine_v deal_v for_o which_o reason_n likewise_o lawyer_n conclude_v that_o it_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o presumption_n it_o be_v crimen_fw-la mere_a ecclesiasticum_fw-la and_o can_v be_v punish_v by_o laic_n the_o punishment_n be_v depravation_n iii_o with_o we_o simony_n be_v once_o mention_v and_o that_o be_v act_n 1_o par._n 21._o ja._n 6._o wherein_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o if_o the_o archbishop_n or_o bishop_n deprehend_v that_o the_o person_n who_o be_v present_v have_v make_v any_o simonaical_a paction_n with_o the_o patron_n whereby_o he_o have_v so_o hurt_v the_o benefice_n as_o that_o he_o have_v not_o reserve_v a_o sufficient_a maintenance_n for_o himself_o and_o his_o successor_n suitable_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o benefice_n that_o the_o bishop_n may_v refuse_v the_o presentation_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v judge_n to_o any_o debate_n arise_v betwixt_o the_o bishop_n patron_n and_o person_n upon_o that_o account_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o it_o be_v employ_v and_o tacit_o acknowledge_v that_o simony_n be_v a_o crime_n by_o our_o law_n see_v this_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o branch_n thereof_o and_o therefore_o i_o conceive_v that_o what_o ever_o be_v punish_v as_o simony_n by_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v punishable_a with_o we_o and_o that_o a_o minister_n or_o other_o beneficed_a person_n who_o bargain_n or_o transact_v with_o any_o to_o get_v they_o a_o church_n or_o benefice_n and_o give_v or_o promise_v money_n therefore_o be_v punishable_a even_o by_o our_o law_n 2._o that_o by_o this_o act_n a_o paction_n whereby_o the_o incumbent_n reserve_v to_o himself_o a_o competency_n suitable_a to_o the_o benefice_n be_v not_o simony_n and_o what_o this_o conpetencie_n be_v be_v leave_v arbitrary_a to_o the_o judge_n because_o it_o be_v not_o determine_v 3._o that_o this_o crime_n be_v probable_a with_o we_o by_o oath_n because_o of_o its_o clandestine_v convoyance_n as_o say_v be_v by_o the_o stat._n eliz._n 31._o the_o person_n commit_v simony_n be_v declare_v uncapable_a to_o enjoy_v that_o ecclesiastic_a office_n iv._o baratry_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o simony_n socinus_n reg_fw-la 55._o bald._n part_n 5._o consil._n 21._o which_o with_o we_o be_v commit_v by_o these_o who_o go_v to_o rome_n to_o buy_v benefice_n without_o licence_n from_o the_o chancellor_n or_o their_o ordinar_n i._o 1._o p._n 7._o cap._n 106._o the_o pain_n of_o it_o be_v banishment_n and_o never_o to_o bruik_v honour_n or_o employment_n for_o the_o future_a within_o the_o kingdom_n this_o word_n come_v from_o the_o italian_a word_n baratry_n which_o signify_v corrupt_v of_o judge_n for_o our_o law_n presume_v that_o these_o who_o go_v to_o rome_n to_o get_v a_o benefice_n design_v to_o get_v it_o by_o corruption_n but_o though_o barater_n be_v call_v canpone_n beneficiorum_fw-la by_o the_o doctor_n as_o craig_n observe_v pag._n 371._o yet_o our_o king_n be_v of_o old_a very_o submissive_a to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n dare_v not_o direct_o at_o first_o forbid_v application_n to_o rome_n but_o do_v only_o forbid_v the_o carry_v abroad_o money_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n know_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v do_v there_o without_o money_n but_o thereafter_o this_o crime_n grow_v great_a the_o parliament_n do_v by_o the_o 84._o cap._n p._n 6._o i._o 3._o forbid_v express_o the_o go_n to_o rome_n to_o purchase_v benefice_n or_o to_o be_v its_o collector_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o be_v demean_v as_o traitor_n and_o never_o to_o bruik_v benefice_n or_o use_v worship_n which_o be_v ratify_v by_o the_o 53._o act_n 5._o p._n i._n 4._o but_o though_o the_o punishment_n be_v that_o of_o treason_n by_o these_o act_n yet_o by_o the_o 2._o act_n 1_o p._n i._n 6._o the_o punishment_n of_o baratry_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v prescription_n banishment_n and_o never_o to_o bruik_v honour_n nor_o office_n within_o the_o kingdom_n and_o all_o application_n to_o rome_n be_v punishable_a as_o baratry_n this_o act_n be_v after_o the_o reformation_n and_o by_o this_o last_o act_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o baratry_n may_v be_v punish_v either_o by_o the_o justice_n or_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o upon_o this_o act_n james_n archbishop_n of_o glasgow_n be_v exauctorate_v after_o the_o reformation_n for_o go_v to_o rome_n v._o the_o son_n of_o noble_a man_n and_o other_o pass_v to_o school_n beyond_o sea_n without_o the_o king_n licence_n be_v also_o say_v to_o commit_v baratry_a i._n 6._o p._n 6._o cap._n 71._o and_o the_o council_n use_v to_o ordain_v noble_a man_n who_o breed_v their_o child_n abroad_o in_o popish_a school_n to_o bring_v they_o home_o under_o a_o great_a fine_a as_o they_o do_v late_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o mordingtoun_n and_o semple_n in_o anno_fw-la 1668._o before_o which_o act_n also_o all_o laic_n go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n or_o licence_n from_o the_o chancellor_n commit_v baratry_n i._o 4._o p._n 5._o cap._n 53._o and_o though_o craig_n debate_v pag._n 371._o whether_o the_o punishment_n of_o this_o be_v the_o same_o with_o treason_n because_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v punishable_a as_o treason_n cap._n 84._o pa._n 6._o i._o 3._o yet_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o this_o punishment_n be_v restrict_v by_o the_o act_n 2._o p._n 1._o i._o 1._o to_o the_o be_v declare_v incapable_a of_o trust_n and_o banishment_n this_o prohibition_n of_o laic_n go_v abroad_o be_v first_o at_o carthage_n and_o be_v now_o in_o vigour_n at_o naples_n and_o many_o other_o place_n and_o though_o it_o be_v now_o in_o desuetude_n at_o least_o be_v not_o punish_v except_o in_o privy_a counsellor_n yet_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o any_o shall_v say_v that_o this_o crime_n take_v only_a place_n in_o vassal_n hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o act_n be_v general_a and_o yet_o merchant_n be_v warrant_v by_o divers_a act_n of_o parliament_n to_o traffic_n abroad_o and_o so_o fall_v not_o under_o this_o prohibition_n title_n vi_o treason_n laesa_fw-la majestas_fw-la 1_o treason_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o perduellion_n and_o laese-majestie_n 2_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o perduellion_n and_o laese-majestie_n 3_o treason_n with_o we_o may_v be_v divide_v in_o perduellion_n laese-majestie_n and_o statutory_a treason_n 4_o the_o nature_n of_o perduellion_n or_o rise_v in_o arm_n which_o be_v the_o first_o species_n of_o treason_n 5_o the_o second_o species_n of_o treason_n be_v commit_v against_o the_o king_n person_n 6_o the_o three_o be_v the_o recept_v such_o as_o have_v commit_v treason_n 7_o the_o four_o be_v to_o hold_v out_o house_n against_o the_o king_n 8_o the_o five_o be_v to_o assail_v castle_n where_o the_o king_n reside_v 9_o the_o six_o be_v to_o raise_v a_o fray_n in_o the_o king_n host._n 10_o the_o seven_o be_v to_o trouble_v any_o who_o kill_v a_o declare_a traitor_n 11_o the_o eight_o be_v to_o impugn_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o three_o estate_n 12_o the_o nine_o be_v to_o decline_v the_o king_n or_o council_n authority_n 13_o the_o ten_o be_v to_o conceal_v and_o not_o reveal_v treason_n 14_o the_o eleven_o be_v to_o desert_n the_o king_n host._n 15_o the_o twelve_o be_v to_o deny_v the_o king_n prerogative_n in_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n in_o call_v and_o dissolve_v parliament_n 16_o how_o the_o kill_a counsellor_n be_v punishable_a 17_o the_o several_a branch_n of_o statutory_a treason_n 18_o to_o accuse_v any_o man_n for_o treason_n if_o the_o accuse_v be_v assoilzy_v be_v treason_n 19_o treason_n be_v not_o baleable_a 20_o summons_n of_o treason_n ought_v to_o be_v execute_v by_o herald_n 21_o whether_o less_o probation_n be_v sufficient_a in_o treason_n then_o in_o other_o crime_n 22_o treason_n may_v be_v pursue_v after_o the_o committer_n death_n 23_o traitor_n may_v be_v forefault_v in_o absence_n 24_o how_o disobey_v the_o king_n be_v punishable_a 25_o the_o punishment_n of_o treason_n in_o general_n unhappy_a
punishment_n of_o the_o crime_n for_o which_o they_o be_v accuse_v and_o such_o as_o kill_v themselves_o taedio_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la vel_fw-la doloris_fw-la impatientia_fw-la for_o the_o first_o they_o punish_v as_o murder_n but_o the_o last_o they_o favour_v with_o a_o lesser_a punishment_n nay_o and_o in_o the_o primitive_a church_n many_o for_o make_v themselves_o away_o to_o evite_v thereby_o idolatry_n or_o pollution_n have_v be_v account_v as_o martyr_n thus_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n of_o adauctus_n have_v kill_v themselves_o when_o they_o be_v to_o be_v deflower_v it_o be_v doubt_v if_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v be_v number_v among_o the_o martyr_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d cedren_n pag._n 220._o and_o the_o like_a story_n be_v report_v by_o euseb._n lib._n 8._o cap._n 17._o of_o a_o noble_a lady_n who_o be_v bring_v to_o maxentius_n but_o our_o law_n be_v jealous_a that_o such_o pretext_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o colour_v all_o base_a design_n and_o allow_v none_o to_o be_v their_o own_o judge_n have_v make_v no_o such_o distinction_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o thomas_n dobbie_n cite_v by_o craig_n diage_n de_fw-fr regal_a and_o to_o allow_v this_o be_v to_o feed_v despair_n and_o to_o make_v patience_n and_o long-suffering_a to_o be_v no_o virtue_n ii_o yet_o furiosity_n and_o madness_n aught_o to_o defend_v against_o all_o punishment_n in_o this_o case_n since_o a_o furious_a person_n have_v no_o will_n in_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n and_o the_o will_n be_v that_o which_o make_v the_o crime_n nor_o shall_v they_o be_v more_o punish_v then_o infant_n be_v to_o who_o the_o law_n compare_v they_o fury_n also_o defend_v against_o treason_n blasphemy_n and_o heresy_n which_o be_v more_o atrocious_a crime_n than_o self-murder_n &_o facti_fw-la infelicitas_fw-la furiosum_fw-la defendere_fw-la dicitur_fw-la l._n infans_fw-la ad_fw-la l._n corn._n de_fw-fr sic_fw-la and_o therefore_o i_o can_v well_o understand_v wherefore_o in_o dobby_n case_n as_o craig_n relate_v it_o the_o lord_n repel_v the_o defence_n of_o furiosity_n and_o find_v that_o even_o furious_a person_n ought_v to_o lose_v their_o movable_n if_o they_o kill_v themselves_o but_o i_o think_v the_o fury_n there_o have_v not_o be_v strong_o qualify_v and_o that_o it_o have_v be_v but_o a_o species_n of_o melancholy_n for_o the_o reason_n give_v for_o that_o decision_n be_v because_o the_o lord_n think_v no_o man_n will_v kill_v himself_o if_o he_o be_v not_o distract_v and_o so_o it_o distraction_n can_v defend_v such_o as_o kill_v themselves_o against_o confiscation_n of_o their_o movable_n it_o will_v defend_v all_o who_o kill_v themselves_o and_o so_o the_o law_n shall_v have_v no_o effect_n but_o this_o must_v be_v interpret_v of_o some_o degree_n of_o madness_n for_o sure_o no_o man_n kill_v himself_o except_o he_o who_o be_v somewhat_o mad_a nor_o do_v hypochondric_n fit_n or_o the_o first_o degree_n of_o madness_n defend_v against_o this_o confiscation_n but_o a_o total_a aberration_n from_o reason_n can_v but_o defend_v which_o be_v also_o clear_a from_o the_o law_n of_o england_n bolton_n cap._n 11._o lib._n 1._o and_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o these_o two_o must_v be_v infer_v from_o the_o various_a circumstance_n which_o attend_v such_o disease_n and_o from_o the_o declaration_n of_o physician_n who_o wait_v upon_o they_o whether_o one_o who_o be_v mad_a but_o have_v lucid_a interval_n be_v presume_v to_o have_v kill_v himself_o in_o his_o madness_n or_o lucid_a interval_n be_v not_o so_o clear_a and_o depend_v much_o upon_o circumstance_n but_o since_o none_o use_v to_o kill_v themselves_o except_o under_o some_o distemper_n so_o therefore_o it_o be_v more_o humane_a to_o refer_v this_o kill_n to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o hour_n of_o madness_n except_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v that_o the_o killer_n use_v even_o in_o his_o lucid_a interval_n to_o wish_v he_o be_v dead_a or_o to_o commend_v self-murder_n vid._n cabal_n case_z 289._o iii_o a_o endeavour_n to_o kill_v one_o self_n be_v punishable_a as_o self-murder_n if_o the_o killer_n do_v all_o that_o in_o he_o be_v to_o effectuate_v it_o as_o if_o he_o hang_v himself_o but_o be_v immediate_o cut_v down_o and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n if_o a_o man_n wound_v himself_o mortal_o though_o he_o live_v year_n and_o day_n thereafter_o his_o good_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n bolton_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 10._o iv._o self-murder_n may_v be_v commit_v by_o omission_n as_o well_o as_o commission_n thus_o if_o a_o man_n will_v starve_v himself_o to_o death_n he_o may_v be_v punish_v by_o confiscation_n of_o his_o movable_n but_o the_o design_n must_v be_v clear_o prove_v since_o as_o many_o innocent_a people_n may_v be_v allege_v to_o have_v kill_v themselves_o whilst_o they_o have_v fast_v either_o through_o pain_n or_o necessity_n v._o when_o a_o man_n kill_v himself_o his_o majesty_n gift_n his_o escheat_n and_o the_o donator_n pursue_v a_o general_a declarator_n thereupon_o wherein_o he_o call_v the_o near_a of_o kin_n and_o he_o must_v prove_v there_o that_o the_o person_n who_o escheat_n he_o have_v get_v kill_v himself_o which_o must_v be_v prove_v by_o clear_a and_o convince_a evidence_n such_o as_o the_o deposition_n of_o witness_n or_o a_o paper_n under_o the_o defunct_n hand_n wherein_o he_o declare_v the_o reason_n of_o his_o discontent_n and_o why_o he_o kill_v himself_o which_o be_v very_o ordinary_a in_o these_o case_n wherein_o they_o design_v thereby_o to_o justify_v to_o the_o world_n this_o horrid_a act_n but_o i_o think_v presumption_n be_v not_o sufficient_a here_o since_o this_o be_v a_o crime_n except_o they_o be_v very_o strong_a and_o violent_a but_o if_o they_o be_v such_o it_o appear_v they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o infer_v confiscation_n for_o though_o presumption_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o prove_v a_o crime_n to_o infer_v capital_a punishment_n yet_o they_o be_v ofttimes_o sustain_v to_o infer_v confiscation_n of_o movable_n or_o other_o civil_a effect_n and_o if_o presumption_n be_v not_o sufficient_a in_o this_o case_n self-murder_n can_v never_o be_v prove_v for_o the_o committer_n choose_v retire_v place_n and_o quiet_a time_n for_o execute_v their_o wicked_a design_n and_o who_o can_v say_v but_o that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v know_v to_o have_v express_v much_o despair_n and_o thereupon_o to_o have_v enter_v into_o a_o room_n and_o be_v find_v with_o the_o door_n close_v and_o hang_v in_o his_o own_o garter_n but_o that_o these_o presumption_n will_v infer_v confiscation_n of_o his_o movable_n by_o our_o practice_n their_o declarator_n have_v be_v sustain_v before_o the_o lord_n upon_o probation_n of_o the_o self-murder_n lead_v before_o themselves_o without_o any_o previous_a trial_n before_o the_o justice_n and_o some_o think_v such_o a_o previous_a trial_n not_o necessary_a for_o all_o trial_n before_o they_o be_v by_o assizer_n and_o dead_a man_n can_v be_v try_v by_o a_o assize_n but_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v upon_o the_o other_o hand_n that_o such_o a_o previous_a trial_n before_o the_o justice_n be_v more_o suitable_a to_o the_o analogy_n of_o all_o other_o crime_n which_o be_v all_o try_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o though_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o the_o lord_n jurisdiction_n be_v here_o found_v ratione_fw-la incidentiae_fw-la and_o that_o many_o crime_n be_v try_v before_o they_o as_o fall_v incident_o in_o other_o civil_a case_n yet_o even_o in_o falsehood_n though_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o deed_n itself_o yet_o no_o man_n escheat_n fall_v upon_o their_o decreet_a though_o he_o be_v find_v a_o falsary_a by_o they_o till_o he_o be_v also_o try_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o the_o escheat_n fall_v as_o a_o effect_n of_o their_o sentence_n only_o nor_o have_v this_o exception_n be_v yet_o repel_v as_o to_o self-murder_n so_o that_o res_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la huc_fw-la integrae_fw-la especial_o if_o the_o person_n who_o escheat_n be_v crave_v to_o be_v declare_v be_v yet_o alive_a so_o that_o he_o may_v be_v try_v before_o a_o assize_n for_o have_v endeavour_v to_o kill_v himself_o for_o some_o endeavour_n to_o kill_v one_o self_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n though_o prevent_v as_o have_v be_v say_v former_o and_o in_o that_o case_n i_o conceive_v that_o a_o previous_a trial_n before_o the_o justice_n be_v necessary_a title_n fourteen_o parricide_n 1_o to_o what_o degree_n reach_v parricide_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n 2_o to_o what_o degree_n by_o our_o law_n 3_o whether_o do_v the_o act_n 220._o ja._n 6._o par._n 14._o extend_v to_o descendants_n 4_o whether_o do_v that_o statute_n extend_v to_o bastard_n 5_o the_o punishment_n of_o parricide_n by_o that_o statute_n 6_o the_o 20._o act_n par._n 1._o ch._n 2._o concern_v beat_n of_o parent_n explain_v 7_o how_o the_o murder_a of_o child_n be_v punish_v 8_o
of_o these_o statute_n conversation_n shall_v be_v criminal_a even_o after_o prohibition_n except_o it_o be_v in_o suspect_v place_n 2._o the_o justice_n be_v only_o declare_v to_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o notoriety_n of_o adultery_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v controvert_v if_o lord_n of_o regality_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o cognition_n of_o it_o 3._o this_o act_n do_v not_o exclude_v capital_a punishment_n in_o other_o case_n of_o adultery_n but_o only_o ordain_v that_o these_o three_o degree_n shall_v be_v punish_v by_o death_n and_o since_o there_o be_v other_o case_n more_o grievous_a to_o the_o party_n injure_v and_o more_o scandalous_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o the_o punishment_n of_o death_n shall_v likewise_o be_v extend_v to_o they_o as_o for_o instance_n to_o commit_v frequent_a adultery_n and_o it_o appear_v it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o sentence_n of_o death_n be_v pronounce_v against_o sir_n john_n stewart_n for_o three_o adultery_n 15._o august_n 1628._o as_o also_o isabel_n hamiltoun_n be_v pursue_v in_o july_n 1647._o for_o adultery_n and_o have_v enact_v herself_o never_o to_o return_v under_o the_o pain_n of_o death_n she_o have_v thereafter_o return_v be_v immediate_o without_o any_o other_o process_n by_o a_o order_n from_o the_o justice_n execute_v in_o anno_fw-la 1649._o iu._n and_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o express_a law_n for_o inflict_a death_n in_o other_o case_n upon_o ordinary_a adulterer_n yet_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o justice_n may_v not_o as_o well_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n inflict_v death_n without_o any_o express_a law_n here_o as_o they_o do_v in_o theft_n and_o other_o less_o crime_n and_o in_o effect_n adultery_n include_v theft_n as_o i_o say_v former_o and_o albeit_o inclusio_fw-la unius_fw-la est_fw-la exclusio_fw-la alterius_fw-la and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o by_o the_o former_a act_n appoint_v death_n in_o the_o case_n abovecited_a the_o punishment_n of_o death_n be_v thereby_o exclude_v in_o other_o case_n yet_o to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o foresay_a rule_n be_v only_o a_o brocard_n and_o have_v only_o the_o strength_n of_o a_o presumption_n and_o therefore_o take_v only_a place_n in_o favourable_a case_n but_o shall_v not_o be_v extend_v in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o law_n of_o god_n which_o express_o ordain_v adulterer_n to_o die_v and_o in_o the_o foresay_a 74._o act_n 9_o parl._n q._n marry_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o this_o act_n shall_v be_v but_o prejudice_n of_o all_o other_o act_n and_o law_n already_o make_v with_o all_o rigour_n but_o i_o can_v find_v no_o other_o act_n make_v prior_n to_o that_o anent_o adultery_n whereby_o the_o punishment_n be_v limit_v and_o therefore_o i_o believe_v that_o that_o act_n relate_v to_o the_o punishment_n relate_v to_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n at_o the_o least_o i_o think_v that_o the_o magistrate_n be_v leave_v to_o his_o own_o freedom_n to_o consider_v circumstance_n and_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o if_o single_a adultery_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n these_o act_n have_v be_v needless_a to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o design_n of_o the_o former_a act_n be_v to_o necessitat_fw-la the_o magistrate_n always_o in_o the_o case_n express_v in_o that_o act_n to_o inflict_v death_n and_o not_o to_o empower_v they_o only_o to_o do_v so_o and_o see_v single_a adultery_n be_v punishable_a by_o the_o magistrate_n sometime_o by_o banishment_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o english_a woman_n in_o december_n 1668._o sometime_o with_o scourge_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o ridpath_n december_n 1642._o and_o sometime_o with_o fine_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o that_o woman_n who_o commit_v adultery_n with_o george_n swintoun_n in_o anno_fw-la 1666._o though_o there_o be_v no_o express_a law_n warrant_v they_o to_o inflict_v these_o punishment_n and_o whereupon_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v force_v to_o found_v his_o summons_n upon_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o law_n of_o nature_n upon_o which_o law_n they_o be_v sustain_v without_o cite_v any_o municipal_a law_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o that_o english_a woman_n i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o they_o may_v not_o by_o the_o same_o law_n inflict_v likewise_o the_o punishment_n of_o death_n albeit_o the_o foresay_a punishment_n of_o death_n be_v appoint_v in_o case_n of_o notour_n adultery_n yet_o the_o council_n do_v use_v to_o mitigate_v the_o punishment_n and_o so_o they_o ordain_v only_a ridpath_n a_o tinker_n though_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o double_a adultery_n in_o keep_v another_o tinker_n wife_n two_o year_n to_o be_v only_o scourge_v banish_v and_o burn_v on_o the_o cheek_n decemb._n 4._o 1662._o but_o the_o reason_n here_o be_v because_o tinker_n be_v in_o effect_n vile_a person_n who_o be_v seldom_o ever_o lawful_o marry_v and_o in_o such_o i_o find_v of_o old_a adultery_n be_v not_o punish_v by_o death_n as_o l._n 29._o c._n h._n t._n where_o adultery_n commit_v with_o a_o taverner_n be_v not_o punish_v severe_o quas_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la vilitas_fw-la dignas_fw-la legum_fw-la observatione_fw-la non_fw-la credidit_fw-la &_o erant_fw-la infra_fw-la legum_fw-la curam_fw-la and_o some_o respect_n be_v likewise_o have_v here_o to_o that_o absurd_a custom_n among_o tinker_n of_o live_v promiscuous_o and_o use_v one_o another_o wife_n as_o concubine_n the_o council_n sometime_o do_v likewise_o banish_v person_n for_o adultery_n without_o suffer_v they_o to_o come_v before_o a_o justice_n court_n even_o where_o notour_n adultery_n may_v be_v prove_v against_o they_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o jeal_n there_o a_o english_a man_n for_o commit_v adultery_n with_o margaret_n hamiltoun_n who_o at_o her_o death_n confess_v that_o the_o say_v there_o have_v lyen_fw-we several_a year_n with_o she_o and_o that_o he_o have_v alienat_fw-la her_o affection_n from_o her_o husband_n which_o induce_v she_o though_o without_o his_o accession_n to_o kill_v her_o husband_n and_o that_o she_o have_v several_a child_n by_o he_o all_o which_o in_o effect_n be_v great_a aggravation_n of_o the_o crime_n and_o he_o deserve_v well_o to_o have_v die_v from_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o punishment_n of_o ordinary_a adultery_n be_v arbitrary_a and_o use_v to_o be_v inflict_v either_o by_o banishment_n whip_v fyne_a or_o imprisonment_n if_o a_o person_n be_v only_o banish_v for_o adultery_n and_o return_v again_o without_o leave_n here_o she_o may_v be_v execute_v and_o thus_o the_o justice_n find_v by_o advice_n of_o the_o council_n in_o the_o case_n of_o griselda_n hamiltoun_n decemb._n 1649._o or_o if_o adultery_n be_v complicate_v with_o any_o other_o crime_n the_o guilt_n be_v thereby_o aggrage_v and_o the_o crime_n may_v be_v capital_o punish_v thus_o margaret_n thomson_n be_v execute_v for_o commit_v adultery_n with_o a_o minister_n and_o for_o falsify_v a_o testimonial_a to_o the_o end_n she_o may_v get_v her_o child_n baptise_a may_v 28._o 1646._o v._o since_o adultery_n be_v only_o commit_v betwixt_o marry_a person_n it_o be_v therefore_o requisite_a that_o the_o libel_n in_o adultery_n bear_v that_o such_o person_n be_v marry_v and_o one_o of_o the_o ordinary_a fault_n commit_v by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi in_o this_o crime_n be_v they_o seldom_o ever_o lead_v witness_n for_o prove_v the_o marriage_n without_o which_o be_v prove_v or_o be_v notour_n to_o the_o assize_n they_o shall_v not_o file_v the_o panel_n though_o copulation_n be_v prove_v but_o though_o the_o marriage_n be_v not_o just_a but_o only_o a_o suppose_a marriage_n or_o matrimonium_fw-la putativum_fw-la as_o lawyer_n call_v it_o yet_o the_o violation_n even_o of_o that_o marriage_n will_v infer_v adultery_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o a_o man_n not_o know_v the_o relation_n shall_v marry_v within_o the_o degree_n de_fw-fr fendant_n though_o there_o be_v in_o that_o case_n no_o lawful_a marriage_n yet_o if_o either_o of_o these_o party_n who_o be_v marry_v shall_v lie_v with_o any_o other_o they_o will_v be_v guilty_a of_o adultery_n cravet_fw-la consilio_fw-la 205._o num_fw-la 36._o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v because_o the_o committer_n do_v all_o that_o lay_v in_o his_o power_n to_o commit_v adultery_n which_o be_v the_o main_a thing_n to_o be_v look_v to_o in_o crime_n nam_fw-la proposita_fw-la maleficia_fw-la distinguant_fw-la and_o from_o this_o i_o be_o much_o incline_v to_o think_v that_o conatus_fw-la or_o a_o endeavour_n to_o commit_v adultery_n if_o the_o adulterer_n do_v all_o that_o in_o he_o lay_v to_o accomplish_v the_o say_a design_n make_v the_o committer_n guilty_a of_o adultery_n if_o that_o design_n be_v bring_v the_o length_n of_o be_v in_o actu_fw-la proximo_fw-la as_o lawyer_n call_v it_o though_o in_o that_o case_n i_o think_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o ordinary_a punishment_n shall_v be_v somewhat_o remit_v &_o haec_fw-la attentatio_fw-la est_fw-la
sum_n and_o so_o be_v no_o more_o debtor_n and_o can_v expect_v no_o advantage_n and_o so_o the_o fear_n of_o perjury_n cease_v and_o as_o to_o the_o foresay_a seven_o act_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v only_o make_v not_o to_o exclude_v the_o debtor_n absolute_o but_o to_o correct_v the_o 257._o act_n 15._o p._n k._n i._n 6._o whereby_o the_o oath_n of_o party_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v receivable_a as_o decisive_a of_o the_o cause_n as_o to_o other_o witness_n our_o ordinary_a distinction_n be_v that_o paction_n in_o usury_n be_v either_o extrinsic_a to_o the_o bond_n or_o write_v as_o be_v the_o take_a bud_n or_o bribe_v for_o continue_v a_o sum_n and_o these_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o any_o witness_n albeit_o by_o the_o foresay_a 7._o act._n it_o be_v say_v that_o usury_n shall_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o party_n and_o witness_n insert_v but_o paction_n which_o concern_v the_o writ_n itself_o as_o that_o whereby_o more_o be_v promise_v then_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o bond_n these_o can_v be_v prove_v but_o by_o the_o witness_n insert_v for_o else_o write_v may_v be_v take_v away_o by_o witness_n as_o to_o oath_n of_o party_n it_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v take_v by_o the_o former_a act_n against_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o law_n by_o which_o nemo_fw-la tenetur_fw-la jurare_fw-la in_o svam_fw-la turpitudinem_fw-la and_o the_o justice_n according_o do_v force_v the_o panel_n to_o swear_v as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o wilson_n above_o cite_v but_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o this_o act_n shall_v not_o extend_v only_o to_o civil_a and_o not_o criminal_a case_n for_o that_o act_n say_v that_o litiscontestation_n be_v make_v it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o receive_v but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o there_o be_v no_o litiscontestation_n in_o criminal_n go_v this_o act_n can_v be_v extend_v to_o these_o case_n vii_o usury_n be_v allow_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o the_o proper_a product_n or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d pecuniae_fw-la but_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n it_o be_v punish_v and_o most_o lawyer_n think_v it_o may_v be_v punish_v criminal_o decius_n consil._n 130._o and_o it_o be_v call_v crimen_fw-la utriusque_fw-la fori_fw-la because_o it_o be_v punishable_a civil_o and_o ecclesiastical_o the_o pain_n of_o usury_n with_o we_o be_v that_o the_o debtor_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o his_o obligation_n or_o have_v back_o his_o pledge_n or_o if_o the_o debtor_n conceal_v than_o the_o revealer_n shall_v have_v right_a to_o the_o sum_n act_n 222._o k._n i._n 6._o par._n 14._o and_o by_o the_o 248_o act_n p._n 15._o k._n i._n 6._o it_o be_v appoint_v that_o the_o usurary_n bond_n or_o contract_n shall_v be_v reduce_v and_o be_v reduce_v the_o sum_n shall_v belong_v to_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o donator_n and_o the_o party_n to_o have_v repetition_n of_o the_o unlawful_a annualrent_n pay_v by_o he_o in_o case_n only_o he_o concur_v with_o the_o donator_n in_o the_o reduction_n title_n xxv_o the_o dribe_v partiality_n and_o negligence_n of_o judge_n 1._o what_o be_v bribe_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n 2._o what_o by_o our_o law_n and_o how_o our_o law_n punish_v it_o 3._o crimen_fw-la repecundarum_fw-la &_o barratriae_fw-la 4._o whether_o arbiter_n deligat_n or_o assessor_n be_v punishable_a for_o take_v bribe_n 5._o how_o negligent_a judge_n be_v punishable_a it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o make_v good_a law_n if_o the_o execution_n of_o they_o be_v not_o commit_v to_o just_a and_o diligent_a person_n as_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o have_v a_o exact_a balance_n if_o that_o balance_n be_v not_o put_v in_o a_o good_a hand_n and_o therefore_o as_o the_o law_n have_v be_v very_o liberal_a of_o its_o privilege_n to_o just_a judge_n and_o severe_a in_o punish_v such_o as_o offend_v they_o so_o it_o have_v punish_v with_o the_o same_o rigour_n such_o judge_n as_o transgress_v either_o by_o bribe_v negligence_n or_o partiality_n which_o be_v three_o distinct_a species_n forbid_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o we_o i._o bribe_v be_v the_o take_n of_o money_n or_o other_o good_a deed_n either_o for_o do_v of_o justice_n or_o commit_v of_o unjustice_n there_o be_v indeed_o some_o lawyer_n who_o think_v that_o a_o judge_n take_v money_n in_o a_o civil_a cause_n to_o do_v justice_n do_v not_o thereby_o commit_v a_o crime_n but_o be_v only_o liable_a to_o restitution_n menoch_n 2._o arb._n 342._o n._n 6._o but_o this_o be_v express_o contrary_a to_o sound_v reason_n since_o if_o take_v upon_o any_o term_n be_v allow_v the_o law_n may_v be_v elude_v and_o judge_n will_v be_v thereby_o tempt_v not_o only_o to_o take_v bribe_n but_o to_o take_v pain_n to_o justify_v what_o they_o have_v do_v but_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o this_o opinion_n be_v neither_o prove_v per_fw-la l._n 4._o ff_n de_fw-fr l._n jul_a repetund_a for_o there_o it_o be_v not_o only_o say_v non_fw-la excipiet_fw-la quo_fw-la magis_fw-la aut_fw-la minus_fw-la quid_fw-la ex_fw-la officio_fw-la svo_fw-la fecerit_fw-la which_o prohibit_v only_o a_o excess_n in_o justice_n and_o not_o the_o do_v justice_n for_o money_n nor_o perl_n 3._o c._n eod_a since_o that_o law_n do_v only_o in_o the_o general_n forbid_v the_o take_n of_o money_n but_o this_o be_v express_o forbid_v l._n 2._o §_o 2_o ff_n de_fw-mi condict_v obturp_v cause_n where_o it_o be_v declare_v a_o crime_n but_o the_o punishment_n there_o seem_v only_o to_o be_v litem_fw-la svam_fw-la facere_fw-la and_o skeen_n ad_fw-la stat._n 25._o wil._n say_v that_o non_fw-la licet_fw-la judici_fw-la vendere_fw-la judicium_fw-la justum_fw-la ii_o by_o our_o law_n the_o king_n judge_n be_v to_o those_o a_o assize_n upon_o what_o they_o have_v do_v as_o judge_n and_o if_o they_o be_v convict_v they_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n according_a to_o the_o measure_n of_o their_o fault_n cap._n 13._o stat._n rob._n 2._o and_o the_o judge_n of_o inferior_a court_n such_o as_o regality_n be_v to_o those_o a_o assize_n before_o the_o justice_n and_o if_o they_o be_v find_v either_o culpable_a or_o remiss_a they_o be_v to_o escheat_n their_o moveable_n and_o their_o life_n to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v or_o in_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o regality_n cap._n 14._o ibid._n and_o by_o the_o 26._o act_n ja._n 3._o parl._n 5._o a_o sheriff_n or_o any_o other_o officer_n of_o fee_n that_o be_v to_o say_v any_o heritable_a officer_n be_v to_o be_v put_v from_o his_o office_n for_o three_o year_n if_o he_o be_v find_v partial_a and_o a_o ordinary_a judge_n if_o he_o be_v find_v partial_a lose_v his_o office_n forever_o and_o though_o his_o person_n be_v be_v punish_v at_o the_o king_n will_n and_o the_o pay_v of_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v be_v only_o add_v to_o the_o punishment_n express_v against_o a_o judge_n who_o be_v not_o heritable_a yet_o i_o conceive_v that_o be_v add_v in_o the_o last_o place_n it_o be_v applicable_a both_o to_o the_o heritable_a judge_n and_o other_o likeas_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o though_o by_o all_o these_o act_n the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n be_v only_o express_v to_o be_v the_o judge_n competent_a yet_o the_o practica_fw-la the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a if_o partiality_n be_v commit_v in_o any_o criminal_a cause_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o a_o sheriff_n shall_v execute_v any_o panel_n upon_o a_o crime_n prove_v only_o against_o he_o by_o the_o pursuer_n brother_n or_o other_o inhabile_fw-la witness_n or_o upon_o a_o libel_n which_o be_v palpable_o irrelevant_a in_o these_o and_o in_o such_o other_o criminal_a case_n the_o justice_n and_o not_o the_o council_n will_v be_v only_a judge_n competent_a nor_o be_v partiality_n in_o civil_a case_n a_o crime_n by_o our_o law_n though_o it_o be_v punishable_a by_o this_o act_n paena_fw-la arbitraria_fw-la and_o by_o resound_v of_o the_o damage_n sustain_v by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi the_o foresay_a law_n strike_v only_o against_o partiality_n in_o general_a but_o bribe_v be_v express_o discharge_v by_o the_o 25._o chap._n stat._n k._n william_n but_o there_o be_v no_o punishment_n there_o express_v and_o therefore_o skeen_n add_v in_o his_o observation_n the_o punishment_n of_o l._n 1._o cum_fw-la aut_fw-la hent_n c._n de_fw-fr paen_fw-la judic_fw-la and_o thereafter_o by_o the_o 22._o chap._n 1._o stat._n rob._n 1._o all_o judge_n be_v forbid_v to_o take_v land_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o to_o champart_n either_o for_o give_v defer_v or_o prolong_v of_o justice_n and_o the_o offender_n be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o king_n will_v and_o to_o lose_v their_o office_n for_o all_o their_o life_n champart_n be_v a_o french_a word_n signify_v part_n du_fw-fr champ_n a_o part_n of_o any_o land_n so_o that_o by_o a_o metaphor_n the_o take_v any_o part_n of_o the_o
qualitate_fw-la gravissime_fw-la puniendus_fw-la est_fw-la and_o by_o the_o basilick_n there_o be_v no_o punishment_n express_v to_o that_o special_a kind_n of_o falsehood_n and_o so_o it_o be_v leave_v only_o punishable_a tanquam_fw-la falsum_fw-la and_o though_o matheus_n do_v infer_v this_o to_o be_v capital_o punish_v from_o l._n 3._o l._n jul_a maje_v yet_o i_o think_v there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o a_o man_n pretend_v false_o that_o he_o be_v a_o soldier_n which_o be_v that_o crime_n which_o be_v punish_v l._n 27._o h._n t._n and_o the_o take_n up_o arm_n against_o the_o state_n which_o be_v punish_v dicta_fw-la l._n 3._o iv._o because_o the_o crime_n of_o falsehood_n do_v ofttimes_o arise_v upon_o paper_n produce_v before_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o because_o the_o trial_n thereof_o require_v a_o exact_a and_o long_o and_o a_o much_o more_o tedious_a search_n than_o the_o form_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n can_v allow_v who_o diet_n be_v peremptor_n therefore_o by_o the_o act_n aforesaid_a it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o trial_n of_o falsehood_n and_o albeit_o that_o act_n do_v not_o express_v their_o jurisdiction_n to_o be_v exclusive_a of_o the_o justice_n yet_o i_o remember_v that_o in_o a_o accumulat_fw-la accusation_n of_o theft_n and_o falsehood_n pursue_v by_o the_o lord_n blantire_n against_o m_o cculloch_n his_o servant_n it_o be_v find_v by_o the_o justice_n that_o they_o will_v not_o proceed_v to_o judge_v the_o falsehood_n but_o remit_v the_o same_o to_o be_v try_v before_o the_o lord_n in_o a_o improbation_n and_o i_o believe_v that_o the_o trial_n of_o falsehood_n in_o prima_fw-la instantia_fw-la do_v only_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n as_o that_o of_o divorce_n do_v to_o the_o commissary_n for_o else_o most_o of_o all_o falsehood_n will_v be_v only_o pursue_v before_o the_o justice_n see_v the_o trial_n there_o be_v much_o short_a and_o less_o expensive_a than_o before_o the_o lord_n whereas_o i_o find_v not_o any_o action_n of_o falsehood_n in_o prima_fw-la instantia_fw-la record_v in_o all_o the_o book_n of_o adjournal_n v._o the_o lord_n do_v sometime_o proceed_v to_o the_o trial_n of_o falsehood_n summarie_n per_fw-la modum_fw-la simplicis_fw-la quaerelae_fw-la upon_o a_o bill_n without_o any_o formal_a summons_n and_o thus_o they_o find_v binnie_n a_o falsary_a for_o counterfeit_v the_o signet_n jun_n 1666._o but_o this_o they_o do_v only_o in_o two_o case_n 1._o when_o the_o falsehood_n be_v commit_v by_o a_o member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n 2._o when_o the_o signet_n or_o any_o part_n of_o a_o proâ—esse_n be_v ex_fw-la recenti_fw-la falsify_v the_o way_n of_o procedor_fw-la in_o this_o crime_n before_o the_o lord_n be_v this_o a_o summons_n of_o improbation_n be_v raise_v and_o continue_v and_o three_o term_n of_o old_a but_o now_o two_o only_o be_v by_o the_o regulation_n give_v to_o the_o defender_n to_o produce_v the_o writ_n call_v for_o to_o be_v improve_v if_o the_o paper_n call_v for_o be_v not_o produce_v certification_n be_v grant_v against_o they_o whereby_o they_o be_v declare_v such_o as_o can_v never_o be_v make_v use_n of_o as_o true_a paper_n in_o any_o time_n come_v but_o upon_o this_o presumptive_a improbation_n whereby_o the_o writ_n be_v only_o perfictionem_fw-la juris_fw-la declare_v null_n the_o party_n who_o be_v call_v to_o produce_v they_o be_v not_o repute_v a_o forger_n or_o punish_v as_o such_o for_o non_fw-la constat_fw-la eo_fw-la casu_fw-la de_fw-la corpore_fw-la de_fw-fr licti_fw-la or_o that_o ever_o there_o be_v any_o such_o paper_n as_o be_v call_v for_o nor_o be_v there_o ever_o certification_n grant_v or_o any_o further_a inquiry_n make_v into_o the_o falsehood_n itself_o till_o november_n 1669._o at_o which_o time_n certification_n have_v be_v grant_v against_o some_o paper_n make_v by_o the_o tutor_n of_o towie_n to_o captain_n barclay_n the_o lord_n find_v they_o may_v proceed_v a_o little_a further_o by_o examine_v the_o witness_n albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o this_o have_v never_o be_v do_v 2._o that_o non_fw-la constabat_fw-la de_fw-fr corpore_fw-la de_fw-fr licti_fw-la 3._o that_o by_o the_o certification_n res_fw-la erat_fw-la judicata_fw-la and_o so_o the_o lord_n functierant_fw-la officio_fw-la 4._o that_o the_o writ_n be_v improve_v be_v no_o long_o dangerous_a non_fw-la erat_fw-la amplius_fw-la nociva_fw-la &_o nullus_fw-la potest_fw-la puniri_fw-la defalso_fw-la ubi_fw-la falsum_fw-la non_fw-la erat_fw-la nocivum_fw-la and_o albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o it_o will_v be_v very_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n if_o a_o person_n who_o falsify_v writ_n may_v destroy_v they_o when_o he_o find_v they_o can_v not_o be_v advantageous_a and_o so_o escape_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o there_o be_v no_o hazard_n in_o this_o because_o if_o the_o forger_n use_v they_o not_o the_o commonwealth_n nor_o no_o person_n can_v be_v prejudge_v but_o if_o he_o do_v the_o party_n injure_v may_v force_v he_o to_o leave_v it_o in_o the_o clerk_n hand_n and_o intent_n and_o improbation_n by_o the_o 62._o act._n 7._o parl._n q._n m._n the_o judge_n be_v allow_v to_o exact_a caution_n from_o such_o as_o propon_n improbation_n and_o though_o some_o doubt_n whether_o this_o caution_n may_v be_v exact_v as_o well_o when_o improbation_n be_v propon_v by_o way_n of_o exception_n as_o when_o it_o be_v pursue_v by_o way_n of_o action_n yet_o since_o the_o danger_n be_v the_o same_o it_o both_o and_o that_o by_o the_o act_n this_o be_v declare_v to_o extend_v as_o well_o at_o the_o raise_n of_o the_o summons_n as_o at_o the_o propon_n of_o the_o objection_n and_o that_o lex_fw-la non_fw-la distinguit_fw-la i_o see_v no_o reason_n for_o this_o doubt_n and_o this_o it_o be_v decide_v the_o 25._o of_o jun_n 1675._o the_o sum_n for_o which_o caution_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o this_o case_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o arbitrement_n of_o the_o judge_n and_o though_o this_o statute_n appoint_v only_a caution_n to_o be_v find_v yet_o the_o lord_n do_v ordain_v the_o money_n ofttimes_o to_o be_v consign_v vi_o there_o be_v two_o way_n of_o improve_n a_o writ_n viz._n the_o direct_a and_o indirect_a manner_n the_o direct_a manner_n of_o improbation_n be_v by_o the_o writer_n and_o witness_n insert_v the_o indirect_a manner_n be_v by_o witness_n not_o insert_v but_o by_o presumption_n and_o other_o extrinsic_a argument_n but_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o our_o law_n that_o whilst_o the_o direct_a manner_n of_o improbation_n be_v extant_a that_o be_v to_o say_v whilst_o writer_n and_o witness_n insert_v be_v alive_a no_o trial_n can_v be_v take_v by_o the_o indirect_a manner_n as_o to_o the_o direct_a manner_n we_o have_v this_o general_a maxim_n viz._n that_o such_o witness_n as_o be_v dead_a be_v prove_v witness_n but_o this_o hold_v only_o presumptive_a for_o if_o of_o five_o witness_n insert_v two_o shall_v improve_v the_o other_o three_o be_v dead_a the_o writ_n will_v be_v declare_v false_a whereas_o if_o these_o three_o be_v alive_a and_o do_v formal_o approve_v the_o writ_n will_v subsist_v though_o improven_v by_o two_o to_o prevent_v falsehood_n in_o all_o manner_n of_o evident_n our_o law_n in_o place_n of_o seal_n which_o be_v use_v of_o old_a and_o which_o may_v have_v be_v easy_o counterfeit_v do_v by_o the_o 117._o act_n 7._o parl._n i._o â—_o require_v that_o all_o evident_n shall_v be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o party_n and_o witness_n and_o by_o the_o 80._o act_n parl._n 6._o ja._n 6._o all_o writ_n of_o importance_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o principal_a party_n if_o they_o can_v subscribe_v or_o by_o two_o famous_a notar_n before_o four_o famous_a witness_n denominat_fw-la by_o thâ—â—_n special_a dwelling_n or_o by_o some_o evident_a token_n by_o which_o the_o witness_n may_v be_v know_v and_o though_o usual_o man_n take_v writ_n of_o the_o great_a importance_n subscribe_v before_o any_o witness_n yet_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o imprudent_a for_o if_o i_o take_v a_o gentleman_n two_o servant_n or_o a_o father_n two_o son_n when_o the_o master_n or_o father_n be_v disponer_n witness_n to_o their_o disposition_n or_o bond_n of_o the_o great_a importance_n and_o one_o of_o these_o shall_v deny_v his_o subscription_n the_o writ_n will_v be_v null_a as_o be_v find_v in_o commissar_n fleeming_n case_v and_o if_o both_o deny_v their_o subscription_n the_o writ_n ought_v in_o strict_a law_n to_o be_v declare_v false_a but_o yet_o if_o there_o be_v pregnant_a circumstance_n and_o adminicle_n to_o astruct_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o subscription_n i_o conceive_v the_o writ_n can_v not_o be_v improven_v even_o though_o these_o interest_v witness_n shall_v deny_v their_o subscription_n from_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o witness_n shall_v be_v special_o design_v to_o the_o end_n
to_o swear_v before_o any_o debate_n upon_o the_o indirect_a manner_n the_o lord_n use_v to_o ordain_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi to_o give_v in_o his_o article_n of_o improbation_n and_o to_o ordain_v the_o defender_n to_o give_v in_o his_o article_n of_o approbation_n and_o albeit_o there_o be_v not_o publicatio_fw-la testimoniorum_fw-la in_o our_o law_n in_o civil_a case_n yet_o because_o improbation_n have_v a_o criminal_a effect_n and_o tend_v to_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o the_o defender_n therefore_o the_o lord_n use_v in_o this_o case_n to_o ordain_v the_o deposition_n of_o the_o witness_n to_o be_v see_v by_o both_o party_n and_o both_o party_n be_v full_o hear_v to_o debate_v in_o praesentia_fw-la the_o lord_n do_v either_o improve_v or_o assoylzie_n if_o the_o lord_n improve_v they_o have_v by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o parliament_n power_n to_o impose_v a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n suitable_a to_o the_o crime_n and_o therefore_o they_o do_v sometime_o ordain_v the_o forget_v to_o be_v take_v to_o the_o cross_n with_o a_o paper_n hat_n if_o the_o cheat_n be_v but_o small_a or_o the_o person_n in_o great_a necessity_n and_o sometime_o they_o only_o ordain_v the_o forger_n to_o be_v imprison_v and_o rebuke_v he_o without_o discover_v the_o falsehood_n as_o they_o do_v late_o to_o a_o gentleman_n who_o be_v otherways_o very_o discreet_a be_v by_o his_o poverty_n drive_v to_o counterfeit_v the_o subscription_n of_o his_o friend_n to_o a_o bond_n of_o suspension_n sometime_o likewise_o they_o refer_v the_o forger_n to_o the_o council_n who_o upon_o that_o reference_n use_v either_o to_o condemn_v the_o forger_n to_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n as_o they_o do_v captain_n barclay_n or_o else_o they_o use_v to_o send_v they_o to_o the_o mercat_n cross_n with_o a_o paper_n hat_n as_o they_o do_v tulloch_n a_o nottar_n for_o forge_v a_o charter_n 4._o july_n 1638._o but_o this_o mitigation_n be_v only_o allow_v when_o the_o forger_n have_v be_v induce_v to_o commit_v that_o crime_n by_o the_o persuasion_n of_o other_o or_o by_o his_o own_o simplicity_n and_o have_v ingenious_o confess_v vii_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o procedor_fw-la take_v by_o the_o lord_n when_o they_o have_v improven_v the_o paper_n and_o find_v they_o to_o be_v false_a be_v to_o remit_v the_o forger_n to_o the_o justice_n against_o who_o a_o indictment_n be_v draw_v up_o and_o the_o assize_n swear_v the_o lord_n decreet_a be_v read_v without_o repeat_v any_o further_a probation_n and_o the_o assize_n must_v condemn_v thereupon_o else_o they_o will_v be_v pursue_v for_o error_n and_o therefore_o the_o verdict_n eo_fw-la casu_fw-la bear_v find_v the_o panel_n guilty_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o decreet_a of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n upon_o this_o verdict_n the_o justice_n be_v tie_v express_o to_o condemn_v the_o defender_n to_o be_v hang_v as_o halyday_n for_o counterfeit_v a_o discharge_n 8._o february_n 1597._o james_n tarbet_n for_o be_v art_n and_o part_n of_o counterfeit_v a_o false_a charter_n 16._o february_n 1600._o and_o if_o the_o falsehood_n be_v atrocious_a they_o sometime_o before_o the_o execution_n ordain_v the_o right_a hand_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o if_o the_o lord_n remit_v not_o the_o case_n to_o the_o justice_n when_o they_o find_v the_o paper_n to_o be_v false_a they_o ordain_v the_o paper_n improven_v to_o be_v cancel_v in_o their_o own_o presence_n but_o if_o they_o remit_v the_o forger_n to_o the_o justice_n than_o the_o paper_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o justice_n court_n and_o when_o the_o sentence_n be_v pronounce_v there_o against_o the_o panel_n the_o paper_n be_v likewise_o cancel_v at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o justice_n viii_o the_o second_o species_n of_o falsehood_n be_v that_o which_o be_v commit_v by_o witness_n in_o their_o deposition_n which_o may_v be_v many_o way_n commit_v as_o 1._o by_o take_v money_n to_o depon_n or_o not_o depon_n si_fw-mi quis_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la ad_fw-la dicendum_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la dicendum_fw-la testimonium_fw-la acceperit_fw-la l._n 20._o ff_n h._n t._n 20._o by_o conceal_v the_o truth_n or_o express_v more_o than_o the_o truth_n though_o they_o receive_v no_o money_n l._n 16_o §_o ult_n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi 3._o by_o depon_v thing_n express_o contradictory_n but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o contradiction_n must_v be_v palpable_a and_o not_o consequential_a nam_fw-la omnis_fw-la interpretatio_fw-la praeferendo_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la dicta_fw-la testium_fw-la reconcilientur_fw-la witness_n either_o be_v such_o as_o be_v swear_v and_o if_o they_o swear_v false_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la they_o be_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n vid._n tit_n perjury_n or_o else_o they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v false_a witness_n without_o a_o oath_n as_o witness_n in_o paper_n and_o these_o be_v punishable_a tanquam_fw-la falsarii_fw-la bart._n ad_fw-la l._n si_fw-la quis_fw-la ff_n ad_fw-la l._n corn._n clar._n hoc_fw-la tit_n num_fw-la 11._o and_o of_o these_o i_o design_n to_o treat_v only_o at_o least_o principal_o in_o this_o title_n he_o who_o depones_fw-la false_o in_o one_o point_n be_v repute_v false_a in_o all_o his_o deposition_n whether_o the_o point_n be_v coherent_a or_o not_o but_o he_o who_o depones_fw-la false_o only_o in_o extrinsic_a circumstance_n be_v not_o to_o be_v equal_o punish_v as_o if_o he_o have_v depone_v false_o upon_o the_o substantial_o of_o what_o be_v interrogat_n and_o yet_o in_o both_o case_n he_o be_v falsarius_fw-la and_o thus_o the_o lord_n ordain_v one_o of_o barclay_n servant_n to_o be_v send_v to_o the_o cross_n with_o a_o paper_n hat_n because_o he_o prevaricat_fw-la only_o in_o his_o deposition_n about_o the_o carry_v of_o a_o letter_n though_o that_o be_v extrinsic_a to_o the_o debate_n and_o be_v main_o use_v to_o try_v the_o witness_n honesty_n oblivion_n or_o forgetfulness_n excuse_v sometime_o à _fw-la paena_fw-la ordinaria_fw-la falsi_fw-la if_o it_o be_v invincible_o or_o strong_o found_v but_o not_o otherwise_o witness_n depon_v false_o and_o such_o as_o induce_v witness_n be_v by_o our_o law_n punish_v according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o common_a law_n act_n 80._o parl._n 6._o i._o 5._o but_o thereafter_o by_o pierce_v their_o tongue_n and_o escheat_v of_o their_o moveable_n to_o the_o king_n use_n and_o be_v never_o to_o brook_v honour_n office_n or_o dignity_n and_o be_v to_o be_v further_o punish_v in_o their_o person_n at_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o lord_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o fault_n q._n m._n parl._n 6._o cap._n 48._o by_o the_o lord_n in_o this_o act_n be_v mean_v the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o may_v punish_v witness_n ex_fw-la incontinenti_fw-la during_o the_o dependence_n of_o the_o process_n before_o themselves_o wherein_o the_o witness_n depone_v false_o but_o if_o either_o the_o falsehood_n be_v commit_v by_o depon_v in_o another_o court_n or_o if_o the_o lord_n be_v functi_fw-la officio_fw-la as_o to_o the_o process_n wherein_o the_o falsehood_n be_v commit_v eo_fw-la casu_fw-la the_o lord_n can_v judge_v the_o falsehood_n or_o punish_v the_o false_a witness_n sometime_o the_o lord_n ordain_v the_o witness_n to_o be_v remit_v to_o the_o council_n thus_o the_o lord_n ordain_v the_o witness_n who_o have_v confess_v that_o they_o subscribe_v witness_n to_o a_o disposition_n grant_v by_o the_o tutor_n of_o towie_n to_o his_o nephew_n to_o be_v remit_v to_o the_o council_n who_o banish_v they_o and_o sometime_o they_o themselves_o ordain_v they_o to_o be_v banish_v or_o to_o have_v their_o tongue_n pierce_v or_o to_o be_v set_v upon_o the_o cock-stool_n with_o a_o paper_n hat_n yet_o they_o can_v ordain_v they_o to_o die_v because_o the_o arbitrary_a power_n grant_v by_o this_o act_n can_v in_o law_n be_v extend_v ad_fw-la infligendam_fw-la paenam_fw-la mortis_fw-la as_o be_v full_o clear_v elsewhere_o and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n use_v to_o remit_v the_o falsarie_a to_o the_o justice_n if_o the_o crime_n deserve_v death_n but_o it_o may_v be_v question_v if_o the_o justice_n can_v inflict_v the_o pain_n of_o death_n in_o any_o case_n upon_o false_a witness_n since_o that_o crime_n be_v not_o declare_v capital_a by_o any_o act_n but_o to_o this_o the_o answer_n be_v that_o they_o may_v and_o do_v inflâ—ct_a capital_a punishment_n upon_o the_o committer_n of_o this_o crime_n in_o some_o case_n and_o by_o the_o foresay_a act_n ja._n 5._o it_o be_v declare_v punishable_a according_a to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o common_a law_n by_o which_o be_v mean_v the_o civil_a law_n &_o de_fw-fr practica_fw-la witness_v have_v be_v hang_v for_o bear_v false_a witness_n as_o croy_n and_o for_o suborn_v other_o to_o bear_v false_a witness_n as_o cheyn_n march_v 15._o 1605._o and_o grahame_n march_v 8._o 1615._o at_o which_o time_n also_o dunlop_n and_o some_o other_o be_v hang_v for_o offer_v themselves_o to_o be_v false_a witness_n albeit_o they_o do_v not_o actual_o depon_n because_o they_o be_v not_o receive_v
it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v conceive_v disjunctive_o likeas_n it_o seem_v that_o if_o the_o parliament_n have_v design_v to_o add_v the_o word_n common_a to_o receipt_n and_o stouthreif_n they_o will_v have_v add_v the_o same_o to_o prevent_v this_o objection_n and_o it_o seem_v indeed_o that_o stouthreif_n which_o be_v that_o species_n of_o theft_n that_o we_o call_v robery_n deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v as_o treason_n in_o land_a man_n though_o they_o do_v not_o common_o commit_v the_o same_o because_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o land_v man_n to_o commit_v robbery_n and_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o they_o will_v rob_v than_o steal_v this_o crime_n ought_v to_o be_v as_o severe_o punish_v in_o they_o as_o common_a theft_n and_o according_o the_o foresay_a alledgiance_n be_v propon_v for_o james_n wood_n the_o 21._o may_v 1601._o it_o be_v repel_v iii_o in_o this_o process_n likewise_o the_o say_a james_n have_v be_v pursue_v for_o rob_v the_o writ_n and_o evident_n belong_v to_o bonitown_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi oughts_z to_o condescend_v upon_o the_o land_n to_o which_o these_o evident_n belong_v because_o if_o that_o be_v condescend_v on_o the_o panel_n will_v prove_v that_o the_o say_v land_n and_o consequent_o the_o evident_n do_v belong_v to_o himself_o which_o alledgiance_n be_v likewise_o repel_v nor_o be_v it_o find_v necessary_a that_o a_o civil_a precognition_n shall_v proceed_v in_o this_o case_n and_o in_o june_n 1668._o it_o be_v find_v that_o a_o libel_n be_v relevant_a bear_v in_o general_n that_o jewel_n or_o pearl_n be_v steal_v without_o condescend_v upon_o the_o particular_a number_n of_o they_o and_o it_o be_v allege_v for_o the_o macgibbons_n decemb._n 8._o 1676._o that_o the_o libel_n be_v not_o relevant_a not_o condescend_v upon_o the_o person_n from_o who_o the_o good_n be_v rob_v nor_o what_o good_n be_v rob_v but_o only_o in_o the_o general_n that_o the_o panel_n do_v frequent_o rob_v the_o house_n of_o garntilly_n and_o strathurd_n tenant_n to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o though_o where_o private_a party_n pursue_v ad_fw-la interest_n privatum_fw-la such_o a_o condescendance_n be_v nessary_a because_o the_o informer_n may_v know_v nor_o can_v the_o private_a damnage_n be_v repair_v except_o his_o loss_n be_v liquid_o prove_v yet_o when_o the_o pursuit_n be_v at_o his_o majesty_n instance_n and_o that_o a_o habitual_a and_o constant_a trade_n of_o rob_v and_o sorning_n be_v libel_v it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o libel_v in_o general_n and_o if_o the_o speciality_n be_v not_o prove_v the_o panel_n have_v no_o prejudice_n for_o they_o will_v not_o be_v find_v guilty_a nor_o will_v the_o probation_n be_v conclude_v but_o it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o his_o majesty_n which_o of_o his_o subject_n be_v rob_v or_o what_o be_v take_v away_o it_o be_v his_o majesty_n interest_n that_o no_o constant_a and_o habitual_a robbery_n be_v commit_v in_o his_o kingdom_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n more_o ordinary_a then_o to_o sustain_v libel_n against_o such_o as_o be_v guilty_a of_o open_a rebellion_n without_o condescend_v upon_o the_o particular_a person_n who_o be_v kill_v or_o rob_v in_o that_o rebellion_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o if_o the_o particular_a good_n allege_v to_o be_v rob_v be_v condescend_v on_o the_o libel_n may_v be_v elide_v by_o this_o suitable_a defence_n viz._n that_o they_o have_v a_o right_a to_o the_o good_n or_o have_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n it_o may_v have_v be_v answer_v that_o they_o be_v not_o preclude_v from_o such_o defence_n by_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o libel_n for_o the_o panel_n may_v allege_v that_o the_o take_v away_o of_o such_o and_o such_o good_n can_v not_o infer_v robbery_n because_o they_o have_v a_o right_a to_o these_o good_n or_o be_v warrant_v to_o take_v they_o away_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n the_o justice_n sustain_v this_o libel_n notwithstanding_o of_o the_o generality_n aforesaid_a alexander_n steil_n be_v pursue_v in_o august_n 1669._o for_o steal_v and_o rob_v evident_n writ_n and_o clothes_n out_o of_o captain_n barclay_v house_n who_o be_v his_o master_n at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi behove_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o say_n evident_n be_v take_v away_o by_o force_n or_o break_v up_o of_o door_n and_o that_o the_o servant_n have_v of_o they_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o infer_v theft_n though_o he_o have_v deliver_v they_o to_o a_o three_o party_n and_o albeit_o this_o shall_v be_v prove_v yet_o the_o justice_n find_v this_o alledgeance_n relevant_a viz._n that_o this_o deposition_n allege_v to_o be_v steal_v be_v give_v to_o the_o panel_n that_o he_o may_v counterfeit_v the_o subscription_n and_o he_o have_v no_o freedom_n to_o comply_v therewith_o he_o do_v run_v away_o to_o the_o lord_n fyvie_n and_o deliver_v up_o the_o same_o to_o he_o without_o any_o reward_n which_o alledgeance_n be_v find_v relevant_a as_o say_v be_v though_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o libel_n and_o as_o to_o the_o wear_n clothes_n the_o libel_n be_v not_o find_v relevant_a except_o it_o have_v be_v prove_v that_o they_o belong_v to_o captain_n barclay_n and_o be_v under_o his_o lock_n at_o the_o time_n since_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o servant_n have_v wear_v these_o clothes_n public_o in_o his_o master_n service_n which_o purge_v the_o presumption_n of_o theft_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v what_o a_o poor_a servant_n can_v do_v if_o he_o have_v break_v up_o the_o door_n real_o at_o his_o master_n desire_n who_o have_v send_v he_o home_o to_o bring_v paper_n though_o he_o can_v not_o prove_v the_o command_n otherways_o then_o by_o his_o master_n oath_n for_o his_o master_n may_v always_o easy_o prove_v the_o break_n up_o of_o the_o door_n iv._o so_o odious_a be_v this_o crime_n and_o so_o frequent_a be_v it_o that_o by_o the_o 21._o act_n parl._n 1_o ja._n 6._o all_o such_o as_o recept_n fortify_v maintain_v or_o give_v meat_n harbour_n or_o assistance_n to_o any_o such_o robber_n be_v declare_v art_n and_o part_n but_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o this_o act_n strike_v only_o where_o there_o be_v letter_n of_o intercommune_v and_o that_o because_o the_o act_n itself_o bear_v to_o the_o effect_n it_o shall_v be_v know_v to_o what_o purpose_n they_o intercommune_v and_o because_o it_o be_v too_o severe_a to_o punish_v man_n as_o thief_n except_o they_o be_v put_v in_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la so_o to_o do_v by_o public_a proclamation_n or_o letter_n of_o intercommuning_n v._o by_o the_o 227._o act_n parl._n 14._o i._o 6._o it_o be_v declare_v for_o the_o same_o hatred_n against_o robber_n lawful_a to_o all_o his_o majesty_n liege_n to_o concur_v and_o join_v against_o clann_n and_o border_n thief_n and_o to_o take_v and_o execute_v they_o all_o magistrate_n and_o freeholders_n be_v make_v justice_n for_o that_o effect_n by_o the_o say_v act._n but_o this_o part_n of_o the_o act_n be_v now_o in_o desuetude_n and_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v but_o temporary_a quo_fw-la ad_fw-la the_o power_n of_o execute_v but_o robber_n may_v be_v lawful_o seize_v on_o without_o authority_n vi_o oppression_n be_v ordinary_o but_o a_o quality_n of_o other_o crime_n but_o yet_o there_o be_v sometime_o special_a dittaye_v found_v thereupon_o per_fw-la se_fw-la and_o there_o be_v some_o particular_a act_n declare_v several_a species_n of_o it_o to_o be_v punishable_a as_o reif_a or_o by_o other_o specific_a punishment_n mention_v in_o the_o said_n act_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v oppression_n to_o compel_v the_o king_n proper_a tenant_n to_o ride_v or_o do_v service_n of_o avarage_n carriage_n shear_v lead_v etc._n etc._n and_o shall_v be_v punish_v according_o act_n 21._o p._n 2._o i._o 4._o it_o be_v oppression_n to_o take_v caup_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o duty_n for_o protection_n to_o be_v give_v by_o private_a man_n to_o such_o as_o thief_n and_o other_o great_a man_n act_n 18._o and_o 19_o parl._n 2._o ja._n 4._o vid._n de_fw-fr verb._n signif_n it_o be_v oppression_n for_o a_o crafts-man_n to_o take_v custom_n or_o any_o other_o taxation_n from_o another_o of_o that_o same_o craft_n or_o for_o they_o to_o make_v private_a act_n among_o themselves_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o people_n acts._n 42._o and_o 43._o parl._n 4._o james._n 4._o act._n 111._o parl._n 7._o i._o 5._o and_o act._n 4._o par._n 19_o ja._n 6._o it_o be_v oppression_n for_o customer_n to_o exact_v more_o than_o their_o due_n act._n 46._o p._n 4._o i._o 4._o it_o be_v oppression_n to_o molest_v magistrate_n of_o burgh_n and_o other_o merchand_n to_o use_v their_o privilege_n and_o liberty_n act._n 26._o parl._n 4._o ja._n 5._o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o
oppression_n to_o exact_v more_o fraught_v from_o passenger_n or_o great_a price_n for_o weaver_n and_o handiwork_n than_o what_o be_v allow_v and_o usual_a act_n 21_o and_o 23._o parl._n 5._o q._n m._n it_o be_v oppression_n to_o stop_v or_o make_v impediment_n of_o common_a high_a way_n to_z or_o from_o burgh_n act_n 54._o parl._n 6._o q_o m._n it_o be_v oppression_n for_o officer_n to_o extort_v the_o liege_n act_n 33._o p._n 5._o i._o 3._o &_o act_n 83._o parl._n 11._o i._o 6._o or_o to_o put_v out_o or_o put_v in_o the_o roll_n of_o assizour_n give_v to_o he_o by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi act_n 88_o parl._n 11._o i._o 6._o in_o which_o last_o act_n common_a oppressor_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n oppression_n be_v also_o punishable_a by_o death_n act._n 42._o parl._n 4._o ja._n 4._o act_n 88_o parl._n 11._o ja._n 6._o vii_o because_o ofttimes_o in_o their_o case_n the_o panel_n pretend_v that_o what_o he_o do_v take_v by_o force_n be_v his_o own_o or_o that_o he_o have_v a_o right_a thereto_o therefore_o except_o the_o violence_n be_v very_o great_a the_o justice_n use_n to_o ordain_v the_o matter_n of_o right_a to_o be_v first_o discuss_v before_o the_o civil_a judge_n as_o be_v find_v in_o novemb_n 1675_o in_o the_o case_n of_o inglis_n of_o east-sheilds_a and_o in_o many_o other_o case_n and_o by_o the_o 33._o act._n 4._o parl._n i._n 5._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o as_o for_o depredation_n masterful_a reiff_n and_o spoilzy_n particular_a diet_n shall_v be_v set_v therefore_o at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o matter_n be_v first_o civil_o discuss_v before_o they_o upon_o which_o act_n it_o be_v ofttimes_o allege_a before_o the_o justice_n that_o the_o cause_n must_v be_v civil_o discuss_v before_o the_o session_n in_o all_o masterful_a reiff_n before_o they_o can_v proceed_v to_o cognosc_fw-la thereupon_o but_o notwithstanding_o of_o this_o the_o justice_n do_v constant_o sustain_v criminal_a process_n for_o reiff_n and_o robbery_n without_o any_o previous_a civil_a precognition_n and_o they_o find_v this_o act_n to_o be_v now_o in_o desuetude_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o monimusk_n 27._o of_o november_n 1611._o and_o i_o think_v that_o by_o lord_n in_o that_o act_n be_v not_o mean_v the_o lord_n of_o sâ—ssion_n for_o that_o act_n be_v two_o year_n prior_n to_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o session_n but_o that_o by_o lord_n there_o be_v mean_v the_o justice_n themselves_o for_o there_o be_v no_o session_n at_o that_o time_n the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o many_o civil_a case_n original_o such_o as_o perambulation_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o all_o civil_a case_n if_o they_o have_v a_o necessary_a connexion_n with_o or_o dependence_n upon_o criminal_a case_n and_o therefore_o where_o the_o person_n who_o be_v allege_v to_o have_v commit_v masterful_a reiff_n or_o spuilzy_n can_v pretend_v that_o what_o he_o do_v be_v in_o prosecution_n of_o his_o own_o right_n the_o justice_n have_v a_o latitude_n to_o try_v the_o matter_n of_o right_n first_o civil_o but_o this_o be_v never_o necessary_a for_o it_o be_v by_o the_o act_n leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n it_o remain_v then_o to_o be_v consider_v how_o far_o the_o take_n away_o by_o violence_n what_o be_v real_o a_o man_n own_o can_v infer_v a_o guilt_n against_o he_o which_o difficulty_n may_v be_v clear_v in_o these_o few_o conclusion_n 1._o that_o the_o thing_n violent_o possess_v though_o by_o a_o common_a spuilzie_n and_o much_o more_o by_o a_o masterful_a reiff_n aught_o to_o be_v restore_v nam_fw-la spoliatus_fw-la est_fw-la ante_fw-la omne_fw-la restituendus_fw-la and_o that_o though_o he_o who_o take_v away_o what_o be_v his_o own_o can_v instant_o prove_v his_o right_n and_o since_o this_o hold_v where_o the_o violence_n be_v only_o commit_v by_o a_o simple_a riot_n it_o shall_v by_o a_o strong_a consequence_n hold_v where_o the_o thing_n be_v take_v away_o by_o such_o violent_a mean_n as_o amount_v to_o a_o crime_n and_o so_o this_o shall_v be_v no_o good_a defence_n either_o against_o a_o criminal_a or_o civil_a pursuit_n 2._o not_o only_o aught_o the_o thing_n to_o be_v restore_v but_o even_o the_o true_a proprietar_n who_o intromet_v with_o his_o own_o by_o open_a force_n &_o violence_n be_v punishable_a for_o the_o law_n will_v not_o allow_v that_o any_o man_n shall_v be_v judge_n to_o himself_o but_o much_o less_o that_o he_o shall_v use_v violence_n &_o force_v upon_o any_o account_n and_o this_o be_v to_o invade_v or_o assume_v jurisdiction_n which_o be_v in_o itself_o a_o crime_n the_o three_o conclusion_n be_v that_o if_o any_o man_n do_v by_o force_n or_o violence_n extort_v from_o another_o a_o writ_n or_o obligation_n which_o he_o can_v have_v obliedge_v he_o in_o law_n to_o grant_v that_o force_n be_v not_o only_o punishable_a criminally_n but_o the_o deed_n so_o extort_a be_v reducable_a by_o a_o civil_a pursuit_n as_o be_v find_v in_o january_n 1675._o though_o it_o be_v allege_v there_o that_o such_o force_n may_v be_v criminal_o punish_v yet_o the_o deed_n so_o grant_v can_v not_o be_v reduce_v since_o such_o deed_n be_v only_o reduceable_a where_o something_o may_v be_v restore_v but_o here_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v restore_v since_o the_o deposition_n allege_v to_o be_v extort_a by_o force_n depend_v upon_o a_o former_a minute_n by_o virtue_n whereof_o the_o grant_a can_v have_v be_v compel_v to_o have_v grant_v the_o same_o and_o this_o be_v the_o same_o case_n as_o if_o a_o creditor_n shall_v compel_v his_o debtor_n by_o force_n to_o pay_v he_o what_o be_v his_o own_o in_o which_o though_o the_o force_n be_v punishable_a yet_o the_o debtor_n can_v not_o repeat_v what_o he_o have_v just_o pay_v as_o be_v clear_a not_o only_o by_o common_a sense_n and_o reason_n but_o l._n 12._o ff_n quoth_v meet_v cause_n julianus_n ait_fw-fr eum_fw-la qui_fw-la vim_o adhibuit_fw-la ut_fw-la debitori_fw-la svo_fw-la ut_fw-la ei_fw-la solverit_fw-la hoc_fw-la edicto_fw-la non_fw-la teneri_fw-la propter_fw-la naturam_fw-la actionis_fw-la metus_fw-la causa_fw-la quae_fw-la damnum_fw-la exegit_fw-la quamvis_fw-la negari_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la in_o juliam_fw-la eum_fw-la de_fw-la vi_fw-la incidisse_fw-la &_o jus_o crediti_fw-la amiss_o to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o more_o disadvantageous_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n nor_o a_o great_a usurpation_n against_o authority_n then_o that_o every_o man_n shall_v be_v his_o own_o judge_n and_o force_v the_o executioner_n and_o the_o law_n just_o presume_v that_o he_o have_v no_o legal_a right_n who_o will_v not_o pursue_v iâ—_n in_o a_o legal_a way_n and_o if_o this_o be_v allow_v every_o man_n will_v discuss_v his_o own_o suspension_n himself_o by_o force_v his_o debtor_n to_o pass_v from_o it_o and_o will_v force_v the_o heir_n of_o his_o debtor_n to_o give_v he_o bond_n or_o his_o debtor_n himself_o to_o fulfil_v all_o minute_n without_o any_o regal_a pursuit_n every_o master_n will_v thus_o thrust_v out_o his_o tenant_n and_o every_o creditor_n force_v his_o debtor_n to_o pay_v by_o carry_v he_o away_o prisoner_n and_o when_o he_o be_v that_o length_n he_o will_v allege_v that_o nihil_fw-la illi_fw-la deest_fw-la and_o as_o to_o the_o former_a law_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o detestation_n of_o force_n and_o violence_n do_v allow_v three_o several_a remedy_n to_o the_o person_n violent_v viz._n edictum_fw-la praetor_n be_v quod_fw-la metus_fw-la causa_fw-la etc._n etc._n lex_fw-la julia_fw-la which_o punish_v the_o force_n as_o a_o crime_n &_o decretum_fw-la divi_z marci_n all_o which_o three_o be_v express_o mention_v in_o that_o title_n and_o though_o by_o the_o old_a edict_n and_o the_o lex_fw-la julia_fw-la he_o who_o force_v his_o debtor_n to_o pay_v what_o be_v just_o due_a can_v not_o be_v by_o these_o remedy_n restore_v quia_fw-la nihil_fw-la decrat_fw-mi vim_o passo_n as_o the_o law_n former_o cite_v do_v prove_v yet_o ex_fw-la decreto_fw-la divi_z marci_n which_o be_v posterior_n to_o these_o remedy_n as_o marcus_n antoninus_n be_v long_a posterior_n to_o julius_n caesar_n even_o he_o who_o take_v payment_n of_o his_o own_o can_v not_o defend_v himself_o by_o allege_v upon_o his_o right_n which_o excellent_a law_n be_v set_v down_o l._n 13._o ff_n quod_fw-la motus_fw-la causa_fw-la quisquis_fw-la igitur_fw-la probatus_fw-la mihi_fw-la fuerit_fw-la rem_fw-la ullam_fw-la debitoris_fw-la vel_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la debitam_fw-la non_fw-la ab_fw-la ipso_fw-la sibi_fw-la sponte_fw-la datam_fw-la sine_fw-la ullo_fw-la judice_fw-la tempore_fw-la possidere_fw-la vel_fw-la accipisse_n isque_fw-la sibi_fw-la jus_o in_fw-la eam_fw-la rem_fw-la dixisse_fw-la jus_o crediti_fw-la non_fw-la habebit_fw-la and_o faber_n upon_o that_o law_n do_v excellent_o conclude_v that_o this_o be_v a_o just_a supplement_n of_o the_o former_a law_n and_o cujacius_n allow_v this_o remedy_n not_o only_o to_o
mixtum_fw-la quia_fw-la cum_fw-la jurisdictione_n est_fw-la conjunctum_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la simplex_fw-la differt_fw-la secundum_fw-la bartolum_n a_o mixto_fw-la imperio_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la quod_fw-la imperium_fw-la mixtum_fw-la expediatur_fw-la judicis_fw-la nobili_fw-la officio_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la judicis_fw-la ordinario_fw-la with_o we_o the_o justice_n have_v only_o a_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n the_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o commissar_n a_o mere_o civil_a jurisdiction_n lord_n of_o regality_n and_o sheriff_n a_o mix_a jurisdiction_n partly_o civil_a partly_o criminal_a but_o in_o all_o jurisdiction_n though_o mere_o civil_a there_o be_v still_o a_o innat_fw-la power_n to_o punish_v even_o criminal_o such_o as_o offend_v and_o disturb_v even_o the_o civil_a jurisdiction_n thus_o the_o lord_n may_v ordain_v such_o as_o strike_v any_o in_o the_o parliament_n house_n whilst_o they_o sit_v or_o falsify_v paper_n produce_v before_o they_o or_o abuse_v any_o of_o their_o own_o number_n to_o be_v degrade_v or_o banish_v or_o to_o pay_v a_o fine_n or_o to_o have_v their_o tongue_n bore_v etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o merit_n of_o the_o offence_n for_o in_o law_n when_o any_o power_n be_v grant_v every_o thing_n be_v also_o grant_v which_o be_v necessary_a for_o explicate_v or_o execute_v that_o power_n ii_o jurisdiction_n be_v divide_v likewise_o in_o ordinariam_fw-la &_o delegatam_fw-la and_o here_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o power_n of_o judge_a crime_n which_o be_v merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la can_v be_v delegat_n according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n it_o can_v not_o l._n 1._o &_o l._n 70._o ff_n de_fw-fr regulis_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o see_v crime_n be_v of_o so_o great_a concernment_n that_o industria_fw-la personae_fw-la in_o electiono_fw-la judicis_fw-la respicitur_fw-la there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o they_o shall_v be_v cognosce_v by_o depute_n ordinary_a commission_n with_o we_o also_o bear_v a_o power_n of_o delegation_n which_o be_v unnecessary_a if_o the_o power_n of_o delegation_n be_v inhaerent_a natural_o in_o jurisdiction_n and_o albeit_o i_o have_v see_v justice_n deputes_o delegat_v other_o to_o represent_v they_o in_o the_o justice_n court_n yet_o this_o practice_n seem_v to_o want_v both_o warrant_n and_o reason_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o craig_n pag._n 192._o that_o potestatem_fw-la gladij_fw-la qui_fw-la ab_fw-la alio_fw-la quam_fw-la a_o principe_fw-la habet_fw-la nemo_fw-la potest_fw-la delegare_fw-la and_o by_o balfour_n cap._n 63._o that_o a_o baron_n can_v delegat_n any_o person_n to_o judge_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o blood_n except_o the_o say_a power_n be_v special_o allow_v he_o but_o the_o law_n allow_v even_o to_o depute_n though_o they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o delegat_v other_o a_o power_n to_o appoint_v another_o to_o judge_v for_o they_o in_o case_n of_o necessary_a absence_n l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-mi off_o ejus_fw-la cui_fw-la man_v which_o lawyer_n do_v also_o allow_v ex_fw-la paritate_fw-la rationis_fw-la to_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a bart._n ibid._n and_o the_o reason_n of_o both_o be_v lest_o the_o commonwealth_n suffer_v by_o their_o absence_n or_o sickness_n for_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o crime_n be_v present_o try_v iii_o jurisdiction_n be_v divide_v by_o our_o law_n in_o cumulativam_fw-la for_o so_o we_o call_v that_o jurisdiction_n which_o be_v competent_a to_o several_a judge_n and_o whereby_o they_o may_v preveen_v one_o another_o and_o thus_o sheriff_n and_o baron_n have_v a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n in_o blood_n weit_n &_o privatam_fw-la for_o so_o we_o call_v that_o jurisdiction_n which_o be_v competent_a peculiarly_a to_o any_o one_o judge_n this_o distinction_n be_v use_v very_o much_o in_o our_o law_n and_o especial_o by_o craig_n pag_n 192._o who_o lay_v it_o down_o as_o rule_v that_o omnis_fw-la curia_fw-la delegatur_fw-la tantum_fw-la cumulative_a sed_fw-la nunquam_fw-la privative_a non_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la quasi_fw-la translatio_fw-la juris_fw-la ex_fw-la una_fw-la persona_fw-la in_o alium_fw-la sed_fw-la tantum_fw-la mandata_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la obstante_fw-la jurisdictione_n sive_fw-la mandato_fw-la ad_fw-la huc_fw-la remanet_fw-la in_o delegante_fw-la nec_fw-la minus_fw-la dominus_fw-la post_fw-la juvestituram_fw-la vassallo_fw-la factam_fw-la retinet_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la &_o curiam_fw-la quam_fw-la antea_fw-la and_o thus_o albeit_o his_o majesty_n grant_v commission_n to_o a_o sheriff_n yet_o he_o ofttimes_o appoint_v other_o depute_n as_o mr._n william_n wallace_n in_o edinburgh_n sir_n gilbert_n stewart_n in_o the_o sherifdom_n of_o perth_n and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o though_o a_o prelate_n have_v appoint_v a_o heritable_a bailiff_n yet_o he_o be_v not_o thereby_o exclude_v from_o sit_v himself_o although_o he_o be_v thereby_o exclude_v from_o appoint_v any_o other_o heritable_a bailiff_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o have_v 1._o february_n 1610._o iv._o jurisdiction_n be_v say_v to_o be_v prorogat_n when_o a_o defender_n do_v willing_o submit_v to_o the_o judicatur_fw-la before_o which_o he_o be_v cite_v though_o otherways_o not_o altogether_o competent_a &_o affirmare_fw-la judicium_fw-la be_v to_o submit_v to_o a_o judicatory_a altogether_o incompetent_a it_o be_v a_o receive_a conclusion_n among_o lawyer_n that_o a_o delinquent_n may_v prorogat_v his_o jurisdiction_n who_o have_v a_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n but_o that_o by_o a_o act_n of_o he_o as_o by_o compearance_n and_o answer_v before_o a_o incompetent_a judge_n the_o delinquent_n can_v prorogat_n that_o judge_n jurisdiction_n who_o have_v no_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n at_o all_o clar._n quest_n 42._o and_o thus_o if_o a_o man_n be_v pursue_v for_o theft_n before_o the_o commissar_n their_o decreet_a will_v be_v null_a though_o the_o delinquent_n decline_v not_o the_o court_n but_o if_o before_o a_o sheriff_n the_o sentence_n will_v be_v valid_a though_o the_o delinquent_n be_v not_o of_o his_o territory_n and_o though_o he_o be_v pursue_v for_o a_o crime_n to_o which_o the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o otherwise_o judge_v competent_a but_o a_o private_a delinquent_n by_o prorogate_a the_o â—udges_n jurisdiction_n as_o say_v be_v can_v only_o prejudge_v himself_o by_o his_o own_o compliance_n but_o can_v prejudge_v any_o other_o judge_n of_o his_o casuality_n title_n ii_o of_o the_o judge_n competent_a de_fw-fr foro_fw-la competenti_fw-la 1._o in_o what_o place_n may_v a_o delinquent_n be_v try_v 2._o who_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o crime_n commit_v by_o stranger_n 3._o where_o be_v vagabond_n to_o be_v pursue_v 4._o who_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o ecclesiastic_a person_n 5._o prevention_n among_o judge_n competent_a explain_v and_o clear_v i._o for_o understanding_n who_o be_v judge_n competent_a in_o general_n to_o punish_v crime_n and_o what_o find_v his_o competency_n or_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o doctor_n speak_v quod_fw-la est_fw-la forum_n competens_fw-la it_o be_v fit_a to_o know_v that_o he_o who_o commit_v a_o crime_n may_v be_v judge_v either_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v which_o they_o call_v forum_n delicti_fw-la commissi_fw-la or_o in_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v which_o be_v call_v forum_n originis_fw-la or_o in_o the_o pâ—ace_n where_o he_o dwell_v which_o â—s_v forum_n domicilii_fw-la the_o place_n where_o the_o fault_n be_v commit_v be_v of_o all_o the_o three_o the_o most_o competent_a for_o it_o be_v most_o just_a and_o fit_a that_o crime_n shall_v be_v punish_v where_o they_o be_v commit_v that_o other_o who_o have_v see_v the_o crime_n may_v by_o that_o punishment_n be_v deter_v from_o commit_v the_o like_a and_o that_o the_o party_n injure_v may_v be_v somewhat_o repair_v by_o see_v the_o law_n just_o revenge_v their_o wrong_n and_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v accuser_n can_v most_o easy_o attend_v and_o probation_n can_v be_v soon_o and_o best_a hear_v act_n 6._o p._n 6._o i._o 1._o not_o only_a where_o the_o crime_n itself_o be_v full_o commit_v may_v it_o be_v try_v but_o where_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v commit_v and_o therefore_o a_o thief_n may_v be_v judge_v not_o only_a where_o he_o first_o break_v the_o house_n but_o by_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o place_n where_o he_o be_v take_v with_o the_o thing_n steal_v carleval_fw-fr de_fw-fr judiciis_fw-la pag._n 156._o but_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v take_v can_v only_o proceed_v against_o the_o thief_n in_o that_o case_n if_o he_o be_v present_a but_o can_v cite_v he_o if_o he_o be_v absent_a whereas_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o house_n be_v break_v may_v cite_v he_o though_o he_o be_v absent_a and_o if_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o house_n be_v break_v or_o the_o thing_n be_v first_o steal_v please_v he_o may_v require_v the_o other_o to_o remit_v he_o or_o send_v he_o back_o to_o he_o to_o be_v judge_v but_o this_o last_o will_v not_o hold_v in_o our_o practice_n for_o with_o we_o wherever_o a_o thief_n be_v take_v with_o a_o fang_n he_o may_v be_v hang_v nor_o be_v
by_o the_o lord_n of_o secret_a council_n to_o have_v the_o sole_a criminal_a jurisdiction_n and_o do_v repledge_v servant_n to_o sir_n thomas_n nâ—colson_n the_o king_n advocate_n arraign_v before_o the_o magistrate_n of_o edinburgh_n for_o a_o slaughter_n and_o assoilzy_v he_o upon_o production_n of_o a_o remission_n and_o upon_o the_o 5._o of_o september_n 1672._o gilbert_n earl_n of_o errol_n do_v repledge_a james_n johnstoun_n violer_fw-la arraign_v before_o the_o magistrate_n of_o edinburgh_n as_o sheriff_n within_o themselves_o for_o stab_v of_o his_o wife_n the_o day_n before_o easter_n the_o magistrate_n have_v take_v his_o judicial_a confession_n and_o summond_v the_o assize_n there_o be_v no_o formal_a repledgiation_n because_o the_o magistrate_n pass_v from_o he_o upon_o the_o constable_n application_n and_o upon_o the_o 6._o of_o that_o month_n of_o september_n the_o constable_n depute_v sentence_v he_o to_o be_v hang_v and_o to_o have_v his_o right_a hand_n which_o give_v the_o stroke_n cut_v off_o and_o affix_v upon_o lie_v wind_n port_n and_o ordain_v the_o magistrate_n of_o edinburgh_n to_o cause_n put_v the_o sentence_n to_o execution_n upon_o the_o 9_o of_o that_o month_n likeas_n the_o coachman_n of_o a_o nobleman_n have_v about_o the_o same_o time_n wound_v a_o child_n the_o constable_n command_v the_o town_n guard_n to_o apprehend_v the_o delinquent_n which_o they_o according_o do_v till_o he_o be_v free_v by_o a_o remission_n ii_o out_o of_o this_o high_a magistracy_n of_o constable_n say_v lambert_n a_o english_a lawyer_n be_v draw_v those_o inferior_a constable_n of_o hundred_o which_o office_n we_o borrow_v from_o they_o and_o they_o be_v with_o we_o subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o be_v to_o be_v choose_v by_o they_o two_o out_o of_o every_o paroch_n and_o as_o many_o in_o town_n as_o may_v be_v proportional_a to_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o and_o they_o have_v power_n to_o apprehend_v all_o suspicious_a idle_a or_o guilty_a person_n and_o may_v require_v the_o neighbour_n to_o assist_v they_o and_o if_o the_o guilty_a person_n flee_v they_o may_v require_v the_o master_n of_o the_o house_n to_o make_v open_a door_n all_o which_o with_o many_o other_o particular_n be_v entrust_v to_o they_o by_o the_o 38._o act._n 1._o par._n ch._n the_o 2._o iii_o his_o majesty_n predecessor_n use_v of_o old_a to_o build_v castle_n in_o the_o considerable_a town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o for_o preserve_v the_o peace_n both_o in_o that_o town_n and_o in_o the_o adjacent_a country_n and_o the_o governor_n of_o those_o castle_n be_v call_v constable_n though_o they_o be_v more_o proper_o castellain_n or_o chastellain_n as_o the_o english_a lawyer_n observe_v these_o have_v the_o power_n of_o ride_v the_o fair_n and_o have_v have_v the_o key_n of_o the_o tolbooth_n deliver_v to_o they_o they_o exercise_v a_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n during_o those_o fair_n but_o it_o be_v find_v that_o this_o jurisdiction_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o fair_n that_o be_v grant_v posterior_n to_o the_o office_n of_o constabulary_a nor_o to_o the_o custom_n thereof_o as_o be_v find_v the_o 18._o of_o july_n 1676._o betwixt_o the_o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n and_o the_o town_n of_o forfar_n but_o these_o office_n depend_v absolute_o upon_o prescription_n use_n or_o custom_n which_o either_o extinguish_v or_o limit_n they_o most_o various_o but_o because_o those_o constable_n use_n to_o extort_v custom_n at_o those_o fair_n it_o be_v therefore_o appoint_v by_o the_o 60._o and_o 61._o act_n 13._o parl._n ja._n 2._o that_o the_o constable_n shall_v not_o exact_v any_o such_o custom_n except_o his_o festment_n bear_v he_o thereto_o and_o that_o old_a use_n and_o custom_n shall_v not_o be_v sufficient_a which_o act_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o 33_o act_n 5._o parl._n ja._n 3._o but_o if_o the_o infestment_n in_o the_o general_a bear_n cum_fw-la feudis_fw-la &_o devoriis_fw-la etc._n etc._n possession_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o general_a right_n will_v be_v find_v sufficient_a though_o the_o particular_a casualty_n be_v not_o express_v in_o the_o infestment_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o former_a case_n betwixt_o the_o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n and_o the_o town_n of_o forfar_n this_o officer_n be_v among_o the_o athenian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d title_n v._o the_o jurisdiction_n competent_a to_o the_o high_a chamberlain_n and_o magistrate_n of_o burgh_n royal._n the_o chamberlain_n be_v a_o office_n to_o who_o belong_v the_o judge_n of_o all_o crime_n commit_v within_o burgh_n and_o he_o be_v in_o effect_n justice-general_a over_o the_o burrows_n and_o be_v to_o hold_v chamberlain-aus_a every_o year_n for_o that_o effect_n the_o form_n whereof_o be_v set_v down_o in_o reg._n maj._n in_o a_o book_n entitle_v the_o chamberlain-air_n iter_fw-la camerarii_fw-la he_o be_v a_o supreme_a judge_n nor_o can_v his_o decreet_n be_v question_v by_o any_o inferior_a judicatory_a iter._n cam._n cap._n 35._o and_o his_o sentence_n be_v to_o be_v put_v to_o execution_n by_o bailiff_n of_o burgh_n ibid._n cap._n 37._o he_o make_v the_o price_n of_o all_o victual_n within_o burgh_n cap._n 33._o and_o of_o these_o who_o wrought_v in_o the_o mint-house_n statute_n da._n 2._o cap._n 38._o he_o be_v call_v camerarius_fw-la à _fw-la camera_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la testudine_fw-la sive_fw-la fornice_n quia_fw-la custodit_fw-la pecunias_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o camer_n be_v praecipue_fw-la reservantur_fw-la this_o office_n belong_v heretable_o to_o the_o duke_n of_o lennox_n but_o its_o privilege_n be_v by_o his_o absence_n run_v in_o desuetude_n magistrate_n of_o burgh_n as_o such_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n but_o what_o be_v competent_a by_o their_o charter_n of_o erection_n wherein_o ordinary_o they_o have_v power_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n but_o sometime_o they_o be_v justice_n within_o themselves_o as_o edinburgh_n who_o have_v right_a also_o to_o all_o escheat_n of_o their_o own_o burgess_n or_o other_o criminal_n judge_v by_o they_o for_o crime_n commit_v within_o their_o own_o burgh_n sometime_o they_o be_v sheriff_n within_o themselves_o and_o ordinary_o they_o be_v justice_n of_o peace_n within_o their_o own_o jurisdiction_n the_o king_n may_v erect_v a_o burgh_n royal_a within_o the_o bound_n of_o another_o jurisdiction_n as_o of_o a_o regality_n but_o in_o that_o case_n though_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n consent_n to_o the_o erection_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o prejudge_v the_o bailie_n of_o regality_n who_o right_a of_o bailiery_a be_v constitute_v prior_n to_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o casualty_n that_o be_v former_o due_a to_o he_o albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n may_v dissolve_v and_o dismember_v that_o part_n from_o the_o regality_n without_o the_o baily_n consent_n and_o so_o it_o not_o be_v in_o the_o regality_n it_o can_v not_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o bailiery_a the_o 27._o of_o february_n 1666._o lord_n colvil_n contra_fw-la the_o town_n of_o culross_n title_n vi_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o majesty_n privy_a council_n in_o criminal_n 1._o in_o what_o consist_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o council_n their_o precedent_n and_o number_n 2._o their_o procedur_n in_o punish_v riot_n 3._o whether_o a_o power_n to_o eject_v be_v a_o sufficient_a defence_n against_o a_o riot_n 4._o the_o punishment_n of_o riot_n 5._o precognition_n full_o consider_v 6._o the_o council_n name_n assessor_n to_o the_o justice_n and_o sometime_o review_v their_o sentence_n 7._o they_o grant_v letter_n of_o intercommune_v and_o commission_n for_o fire_n and_o sword_n 8._o they_o sometime_o ordain_v house_n to_o be_v deliver_v under_o pain_n of_o treason_n i._o the_o affair_n of_o this_o as_o of_o all_o other_o nation_n be_v either_o such_o as_o concern_v the_o policy_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o general_n or_o such_o as_o respect_v the_o distribute_v of_o justice_n betwixt_o private_a party_n the_o policy_n or_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v regulate_v by_o his_o majesty_n privy_a council_n in_o which_o the_o chancellor_n be_v precedent_n if_o he_o be_v present_a but_o in_o his_o absence_n the_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n precede_v this_o office_n of_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n be_v a_o distinct_a employment_n and_o it_o give_v he_o the_o precedency_n from_o all_o the_o nobility_n the_o number_n of_o this_o judicator_n be_v not_o definit_a depend_v upon_o his_o majesty_n commission_n but_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o state_n be_v member_n of_o it_o ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la it_o have_v its_o own_o signet_n and_o its_o letter_n pass_v by_o a_o bill_n subscribe_v by_o any_o one_o of_o the_o council_n upon_o which_o warrant_n the_o letter_n be_v in_o their_o several_a form_n extend_v and_o subscribe_v by_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o council_n and_o they_o bear_v also_o to_o be_v ex_fw-la deliberatione_n dominorum_fw-la secreti_fw-la consilii_fw-la they_o must_v be_v execute_v at_o least_o upon_o six_o free_a day_n and_o a_o
commissioner_n of_o the_o thesaury_n do_v in_o june_n 1669._o ordain_v two_o skipper_n in_o bruntistand_n to_o be_v scourge_v at_o that_o mercat_n cross_n because_o when_o a_o customer_n come_v to_o enter_v a_o boat_n wherein_o unfree_a good_n be_v be_v allege_v to_o be_v they_o do_v put_v off_o the_o boat_n from_o the_o rock_n where_o it_o lay_v whereby_o the_o customer_n fall_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v almost_o drown_v title_n viii_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n in_o crimnial_n 1._o the_o lord_n of_o session_n use_v to_o pass_v bill_n for_o criminal_a letter_n 2._o they_o advocate_n cause_n belong_v to_o the_o justice_n court_n 3._o they_o be_v judge_n in_o crimine_fw-la falsi_fw-la 4._o they_o have_v make_v statute_n for_o regulate_v the_o justice_n court_n 5._o whether_o they_o can_v review_v the_o sentence_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n 6._o they_o suspend_v the_o sentence_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n 7._o they_o be_v judge_n to_o such_o as_o kill_v or_o wound_v one_o another_o during_o the_o dependence_n of_o a_o process_n before_o the_o session_n 8._o they_o grant_v warrant_n to_o advocat_n to_o compear_v for_o such_o as_o be_v pursue_v for_o treason_n i._o the_o lord_n of_o session_n have_v regular_o no_o jurisdiction_n in_o criminal_o and_o yet_o they_o pass_v the_o bill_n whereupon_o all_o criminal_a summons_n be_v raise_v for_o all_o summons_n in_o criminal_o must_v have_v a_o bill_n which_o must_v pass_v under_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n and_o for_o which_o he_o get_v ten_o mark_n and_o his_o servant_n one_o thereafter_o it_o be_v carry_v to_o the_o ordinar_n upon_o the_o bill_n and_o be_v subscribe_v by_o he_o as_o a_o common_a bill_n the_o reason_n why_o their_o bill_n be_v pass_v by_o the_o lord_n seem_v to_o be_v because_o the_o justice-deputs_a be_v not_o ordinar_n residenter_n in_o town_n their_o salary_n not_o be_v sufficient_a for_o defray_v that_o charge_n or_o else_o because_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o bâ—lls_n be_v a_o member_n and_o servant_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n yet_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o grievance_n give_v in_o by_o the_o justice_n to_o the_o parliament_n anno_fw-la 1662._o and_o it_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a that_o those_o who_o employment_n it_o be_v to_o understand_v criminal_a case_n shall_v not_o have_v the_o pass_n of_o these_o bill_n and_o many_o of_o the_o lord_n refuse_v to_o pass_v these_o bill_n whereby_o the_o liedge_n be_v prejudge_v and_o it_o be_v most_o unreasonable_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v not_o know_v what_o they_o be_v to_o judge_v especial_o this_o warrant_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o process_n and_o so_o fall_v natural_o under_o the_o cognition_n of_o these_o who_o be_v judge_n to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o justice_n will_v pass_v their_o own_o bill_n it_o will_v sustain_v but_o now_o the_o justice_n use_v ordinary_o to_o pass_v their_o own_o bill_n because_o the_o justice_n be_v now_o of_o the_o session_n but_o still_o other_o lord_n who_o be_v not_o justice_n may_v pass_v such_o bill_n but_o albeit_o these_o lores_n can_v judge_v crime_n yet_o they_o may_v and_o do_v punish_v injury_n commit_v against_o any_o of_o their_o own_o member_n by_o fine_v or_o confine_v ii_o they_o likewise_o advocate_n cause_n from_o the_o inferior_a court_n to_o the_o justice_n thus_o in_o anno_fw-la 1664._o mackintosh_n be_v pursue_v before_o the_o sheriff_n of_o inverness_n for_o theft-boot_n they_o advocate_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o justice_n albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o cognition_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o consequence_n be_v ill_o infert_v for_o the_o council_n do_v advocate_n and_o can_v not_o cognosce_fw-la and_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n do_v advocate_n breius_fw-la for_o serve_v air_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o judge_n themselves_o for_o both_o in_o this_o and_o that_o case_n a_o inquest_n be_v necessary_a iii_o they_o be_v likewise_o judge_n in_o crimine_fw-la falsi_fw-la and_o their_o sentence_n be_v a_o sufficient_a warrant_n to_o the_o assize_n to_o condemn_v without_o repeat_v the_o probation_n and_o when_o the_o inquest_n refuse_v to_o condemn_v upon_o that_o warrant_n they_o be_v of_o new_a enclose_v as_o be_v do_v in_o binny_v case_n and_o will_v be_v liable_a to_o a_o assize_n of_o error_n if_o they_o assioilzie_a and_o their_o decreet_a bear_v the_o lord_n remit_v he_o to_o the_o justice_n to_o be_v punish_v tanquam_fw-la falsarius_fw-la and_o to_o under_o the_o law_n criminal_o and_o ordain_v that_o ordinance_n to_o be_v insert_v in_o their_o book_n of_o sederunt_fw-la and_o that_o order_n be_v in_o the_o justice_n court_n call_v a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la the_o 2._o of_o july_n 1662._o albeit_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n ja._n 6._o parl._n 11._o require_v that_o all_o probation_n in_o criminal_o shall_v be_v lead_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o assize_n yet_o the_o answer_n be_v that_o the_o lord_n decreet_a be_v only_a probation_n here_o and_o that_o be_v read_v in_o face_n of_o the_o assize_n the_o lord_n likewise_o determine_v the_o punishment_n in_o falsehood_n and_o remit_v in_o their_o decreet_a the_o party_n to_o the_o justice_n to_o be_v only_o banish_v or_o scourge_v or_o have_v his_o tongue_n bore_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o guilt_n and_o i_o have_v see_v a_o gentleman_n who_o i_o will_v not_o name_n in_o anno_fw-la 1664._o only_a imprison_v by_o the_o lord_n for_o forge_v of_o a_o false_a bond_n of_o suspension_n because_o he_o be_v ingenuous_a and_o in_o necessity_n and_o albeit_o this_o may_v seem_v irregular_a yet_o see_v the_o lord_n be_v only_o privy_a to_o the_o deposition_n it_o be_v necessary_a they_o shall_v have_v this_o allowance_n i_o find_v it_o one_o of_o the_o rule_v set_v down_o by_o the_o doctor_n that_o ubi_fw-la cunque_fw-la iudex_fw-la principaliter_fw-la cognoscendo_fw-la reperit_fw-la incidenter_fw-la crimen_fw-la esse_fw-la comissum_fw-la potest_fw-la de_fw-la crimine_fw-la illo_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la c._n si_fw-la adversus_fw-la libre_fw-la l._n pen._n and_o the_o example_n of_o this_o rule_n be_v instance_a in_o charta_fw-la falsa_fw-la l._n pen._n c._n de_fw-fr probat_fw-la and_o upon_o improve_n a_o instrument_n or_o write_v they_o have_v ordain_v omnes_fw-la testes_fw-la instrumentarios_fw-la &_o falsi_fw-la fabricatores_fw-la to_o be_v fall_v sariâ—s_n and_o remit_v they_o to_o the_o justice_n the_o 16._o of_o february_n 1660._o fern_n inn_n and_o tarbat_n hang_v but_o i_o remember_v not_o that_o they_o have_v in_o any_o other_o case_n cognosce_v upon_o crime_n incidenter_n albeit_o the_o foresay_a rule_n will_v give_v they_o a_o incident_a jurisdiction_n in_o all_o case_n iv._o i_o find_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v make_v statute_n to_o regulat_fw-la the_o justice_n court_n for_o upon_o the_o 1._o of_o june_n 1593._o they_o declare_v that_o all_o land_a man_n shall_v be_v esteem_v pares_fw-la curiae_fw-la and_o may_v sit_v upon_o nobleman_n assize_n be_v pursue_v tanquaritemerè_fw-la jurantes_fw-la sup_n assisa_fw-la and_o the_o council_n use_v to_o consult_v they_o in_o intricat_a case_n which_o be_v refer_v to_o they_o by_o the_o justice_n and_o thus_o in_o anno_fw-la 1667._o they_o be_v consult_v whether_o the_o west_n country_n rebel_n may_v be_v forefault_v in_o their_o absence_n v._o but_o whether_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o reduce_v or_o review_v what_o be_v do_v by_o the_o justice_n or_o in_o the_o justice_n court_n in_o any_o case_n be_v not_o yet_o decide_v but_o i_o have_v see_v a_o reduction_n of_o a_o verdict_n of_o a_o inquest_n pronounce_v against_o mr._n william_n somervel_v whereby_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o usury_n the_o reason_n of_o reduction_n be_v that_o the_o inquest_n have_v err_v in_o calculo_fw-la and_o it_o be_v contend_v that_o the_o lord_n be_v competent_a judge_n to_o review_v error_n in_o calculo_fw-la for_o that_o be_v in_o effect_n but_o a_o civil_a medium_fw-la and_o where_o no_o criminal_a conclusion_n be_v crave_v nor_o can_v follow_v they_o be_v judge_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o reduction_n of_o retour_n where_o the_o verdict_n may_v be_v reduce_v as_o past_a upon_o ignorance_n it_o be_v also_o urge_v that_o see_v the_o lord_n make_v statute_n to_o regulate_v the_o justice_n court_v and_o past_o their_o bill_n they_o may_v cognosce_fw-la upon_o palpable_a error_n commit_v ignorant_o by_o assize_n and_o it_o be_v hard_o that_o the_o liedge_n shall_v not_o be_v repon_v against_o error_n of_o such_o ignorant_a person_n as_o assizer_n ordinary_o be_v vi_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n do_v suspend_v the_o execution_n likewise_o of_o all_o sentence_n in_o the_o justice_n court_v but_o these_o suspention_n when_o once_o raise_v be_v discuss_v before_o the_o justice_n they_o likewise_o sometime_o discuss_v these_o suspention_n before_o the_o session_n
and_o thus_o a_o assithment_n modify_v by_o the_o justice_n be_v exorbitant_a the_o lord_n by_o way_n of_o suspension_n do_v lessen_v the_o sum_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o decision_n be_v because_o they_o find_v this_o case_n to_o be_v but_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o damnage_n and_o interest_n and_o not_o to_o concern_v corporal_a punishment_n the_o 16._o of_o december_n 1664._o inn_n contra_fw-la forbes_n vii_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1555._o such_o as_o kill_v or_o wound_n to_o the_o effusion_n of_o blood_n or_o any_o other_o way_n one_o another_o during_o the_o dependence_n of_o a_o criminal_a process_n which_o dependence_n be_v declare_v to_o continue_v from_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o summons_n till_o the_o complete_a execution_n of_o the_o decreet_a that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi commit_v the_o say_a crime_n shall_v for_o ever_o loss_n the_o cause_n and_o the_o defender_n be_v guilty_a be_v to_o be_v condemn_v in_o the_o plea._n the_o pursuer_fw-mi or_o defender_n be_v convict_v before_o any_o competent_a judge_n in_o criminal_o without_o any_o probation_n except_o summar_v cognition_n to_o be_v take_v by_o conviction_n or_o put_v the_o committer_n to_o the_o horn_n and_o denounce_v he_o fugitive_n by_o this_o act_n the_o committer_n loss_n his_o life-rent_a escheat_n immediate_o after_o denounciation_n without_o be_v year_n and_o day_n at_o the_o horn_n and_o give_v of_o counsel_n be_v art_n and_o part_n in_o this_o crime_n this_o act_n be_v to_o continue_v only_o for_o three_o year_n and_o be_v prorogat_n for_o seven_o year_n by_o the_o 138._o act_n parl._n 8._o ja._n 6._o and_o be_v thereafter_o make_v perpertual_a by_o the_o 219._o act_n 14._o parl._n ja._n 6._o i_o have_v oft_o see_v process_n intent_a upon_o this_o act_n before_o the_o lord_n but_o it_o be_v necessary_a albeit_o not_o observe_v that_o cognition_n be_v first_o take_v by_o the_o justice_n or_o other_o criminal_a and_o competent_a judge_n yet_o without_o this_o process_n be_v sustain_v by_o the_o lord_n in_o prima_fw-la instantià _fw-la but_o this_o defence_n be_v not_o there_o allege_v and_o process_n be_v sustain_v albeit_o no_o effusion_n of_o blood_n follow_v the_o 29._o of_o july_n 1662._o harper_n against_o hamiltoun_n where_o it_o be_v debate_v whether_o the_o lord_n may_v summary_o receive_v probation_n of_o it_o themselves_o or_o remit_v the_o trial_n to_o the_o justice_n for_o which_o doubt_n i_o think_v there_o be_v no_o great_a ground_n because_o by_o the_o act_n foresay_a the_o justice_n be_v only_a judge_n in_o prima_fw-la instantia_fw-la and_o yet_o in_o sleiche_n case_n 1673._o it_o be_v find_v that_o no_o previous_a trial_n before_o the_o justice_n be_v necessary_a the_o earl_n of_o niddisdale_n pursue_v the_o tenant_n of_o duncow_n february_n 1672._o they_o allege_v absolvitur_fw-la because_o the_o earl_n have_v beat_v some_o of_o they_o who_o be_v send_v to_o execute_v a_o summons_n at_o their_o instance_n against_o he_o at_o least_o he_o have_v give_v order_n to_o beat_v they_o or_o ratihabit_v the_o beat_n of_o they_o to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o 1._o the_o beat_v some_o of_o they_o can_v only_o find_v a_o exception_n to_o such_o as_o be_v beat_v and_o this_o the_o lord_n find_v relevant_a though_o the_o summons_n execute_v be_v for_o a_o common_a cause_n and_o so_o in_o effect_n those_o who_o be_v beat_v represent_v all_o the_o pursuer_n 2._o it_o be_v allege_v that_o order_n to_o beat_v they_o be_v only_o probable_a scripto_fw-la vel_fw-la juramento_fw-la for_o though_o a_o crime_n ordinary_o in_o a_o criminal_a court_n be_v probable_a pro_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la yet_o here_o quo_fw-la ad_fw-la civilem_fw-la effectum_fw-la it_o can_v not_o be_v so_o prove_v for_o else_o a_o nobleman_n whole_a and_o ancient_a heritage_n may_v ofttimes_o be_v take_v away_o by_o witness_n since_o process_n depend_v may_v extend_v to_o a_o nobleman_n whole_a estate_n 3._o it_o be_v allege_v that_o ratihabition_n or_o any_o deed_n ex_fw-la post_fw-la facto_fw-la do_v not_o infer_v the_o contravention_n of_o this_o act_n which_o require_v explicit_a deed_n as_o beat_v bleed_a etc._n etc._n the_o lord_n before_o answer_v to_o these_o two_o last_o alledgiance_n ordain_v witness_n to_o be_v lead_v before_o answer_v for_o clear_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o act_n and_o violence_n commit_v against_o they_o but_o in_o this_o case_n as_o in_o all_o other_o if_o the_o one_o party_n beat_v the_o other_o be_v force_v thereto_o by_o self-defence_n the_o striker_n will_v not_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la fall_v under_o the_o certification_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o be_v find_v the_o last_o of_o january_n 1673._o john_n sliech_n against_o swintoun_n in_o which_o case_n the_o lord_n also_o find_v that_o the_o certification_n of_o this_o act_n do_v reach_v such_o as_o wound_v one_o another_o during_o the_o dependence_n of_o a_o pursuit_n before_o a_o inferior_a court_n though_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o this_o respect_n be_v only_o due_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n and_o that_o the_o act_n shall_v only_o reach_v such_o as_o pursue_v action_n before_o they_o for_o to_o lose_v the_o whole_a pley_n be_v too_o great_a a_o punishment_n for_o a_o incident_a riot_n before_o a_o inferior_a court_n i_o find_v likewise_o that_o one_o weir_n have_v be_v pursue_v for_o slaughter_n the_o 15._o of_o june_n 1591._o he_o allege_v he_o be_v absolve_v by_o a_o rolment_n of_o court_n at_o aberdene_n to_o which_o it_o be_v reply_v that_o the_o king_n have_v give_v a_o warrant_n for_o a_o further_a trial_n which_o reply_n found_v upon_o his_o majesty_n warrant_n be_v repel_v as_o contrary_a to_o law_n and_o because_o it_o be_v but_o a_o private_a rescript_n not_o subscribe_v by_o the_o chancellor_n nor_o past_a council_n and_o in_o respect_n the_o lord_n of_o session_n have_v give_v a_o warrant_n to_o proceed_v notwithstanding_o of_o the_o king_n private_a warrant_n it_o be_v also_o observable_a though_o i_o think_v it_o irregular_a that_o ludwharn_n have_v raise_v in_o anno_fw-la 1596._o a_o pursuit_n against_o momat_n and_o other_o for_o take_v he_o out_o of_o his_o house_n without_o a_o lawful_a warrant_n give_v in_o a_o bill_n to_o the_o lord_n complain_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o lennox_n as_o leiutennent_n of_o the_o north_n intend_v to_o repledge_a whereas_o that_o jurisdiction_n be_v only_o cumulative_a with_o the_o power_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o that_o he_o have_v a_o letter_n from_o his_o majesty_n ordain_v the_o justice_n to_o proceed_v wherefore_o he_o crave_v that_o the_o justice_n may_v be_v command_v to_o proceed_v which_o petition_n be_v grant_v viii_o albeit_o regulariter_fw-la the_o parliament_n or_o council_n grant_v warrant_n to_o advocat_n to_o appear_v for_o such_o as_o be_v panel_v before_o the_o justice_n yet_o i_o find_v that_o the_o lord_n grant_v a_o warrant_n in_o balmerinochs_n case_n to_o advocat_n to_o compear_v for_o he_o and_o see_v advocat_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n it_o be_v most_o reasonable_a that_o the_o application_n be_v make_v to_o they_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n likewise_o i_o find_v that_o when_o any_o of_o the_o lord_n be_v appoint_v assessor_n in_o criminal_a case_n by_o the_o council_n that_o they_o must_v have_v a_o warrant_v also_o from_o the_o lord_n for_o sit_v there_o as_o in_o tosh_n case_n 1637._o title_n ix_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n in_o criminal_n 1._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n extend_v to_o all_o crime_n commit_v within_o flood-mark_a 2._o our_o admiral_n have_v execute_v pirate_n 3._o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o such_o as_o apprehend_v pirate_n to_o execute_v they_o by_o their_o own_o authority_n in_o the_o ocean_n or_o when_o judge_n refuse_v 4._o any_o nation_n may_v judge_v pirate_n 5._o whether_o the_o justice_n have_v a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n with_o the_o admiral_n 1._o the_o lord_n high_a aâ—miral_n and_o his_o depute_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n judge_n competent_a to_o the_o trial_n of_o all_o crime_n commit_v at_o sea_n and_o by_o a_o unprint_v statute_n with_o we_o the_o admiral_n be_v competent_a in_o all_o controversy_n action_n and_o quarrel_n concern_v crime_n fault_n and_o trespass_n upon_o sea_n or_o so_o far_o as_o the_o same_o flow_v or_o ebb_n vid._n ship-law_n correct_v by_o balfour_n do_fw-mi admiral_n etc._n etc._n cap._n 2._o our_o learned_a countryman_n king_n in_o his_o treatise_n which_o i_o have_v say_v admirans_fw-la habet_fw-la merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la mixium_fw-la &_o jurisdictionem_fw-la simplicem_fw-la potest_fw-la enim_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la jus_o dicere_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la jurisdictionis_fw-la simplicis_fw-la exequi_fw-la imperare_fw-la judices_fw-la dane_n coercere_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la meri_fw-la imperii_fw-la sed_fw-la est_fw-la in_o facineroso_n animadvertere_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la meri_fw-la imperii_fw-la de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la igitur_fw-la contraversiis_fw-la marinis_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la
inflict_v of_o such_o punishment_n be_v only_o proper_a to_o kirk_n session_n the_o 15._o of_o february_n 1669._o but_o though_o they_o be_v the_o only_a judge_n competent_a to_o verbal_a injury_n where_o they_o be_v scandal_n yet_o in_o verbal_a injury_n do_v to_o person_n of_o quality_n which_o be_v call_v in_o law_n scandala_fw-la magnatum_fw-la the_o council_n sustain_v itself_o judge_v competent_a the_o king_n be_v as_o the_o author_n so_o the_o protector_n of_o all_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o peerage_n and_o in_o verbal_a injury_n likewise_o do_v to_o magistrate_n the_o council_n be_v also_o judge_n magistrate_n represent_v the_o king_n and_o be_v his_o instrument_n in_o the_o government_n when_o verbal_a injury_n be_v do_v by_o member_n of_o a_o court_n to_o one_o another_o that_o court_n be_v likewise_o judge_v competent_a all_o court_n how_o inferior_a soever_o have_v a_o innat_fw-la power_n to_o chastise_v its_o own_o member_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o esteem_n due_a to_o itself_o and_o therefore_o if_o any_o stranger_n who_o have_v a_o process_n depend_v before_o any_o other_o court_n as_o the_o session_n sheriff_n etc._n etc._n do_v abuse_v contumelious_o any_o three_o party_n though_o no_o member_n yet_o these_o respective_a court_n may_v punish_v the_o same_o if_o the_o injury_n be_v do_v in_o face_n of_o judgement_n and_o if_o it_o be_v do_v to_o any_o inferior_a judge_n extrajudicial_o that_o judge_n if_o he_o be_v in_o the_o actual_a exercise_n of_o his_o office_n he_o may_v likewise_o punish_v the_o same_o except_o the_o offender_n be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o judge_n extrajudicial_o injure_v must_v complain_v to_o the_o lord_n but_o can_v imprison_v they_o summary_o because_o if_o this_o be_v allow_v these_o member_n may_v be_v abstract_v from_o serve_v the_o liedge_n as_o a_o advocate_n when_o he_o be_v to_o plead_v a_o cause_n or_o a_o clerk_n when_o he_o be_v to_o give_v out_o a_o decreet_a and_o this_o last_o have_v be_v frequent_o so_o decide_v though_o verbal_a injury_n amount_v to_o scandal_n be_v only_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o commissar_n yet_o where_o they_o have_v nothing_o in_o they_o of_o scandal_n but_o be_v rather_o reflection_n upon_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v as_o to_o call_v a_o gentleman_n a_o puppy_n or_o a_o ass_n it_o may_v be_v the_o privy_a council_n and_o not_o the_o commissar_n be_v judge_n competent_a the_o commissar_n be_v also_o judge_n competent_a to_o adultery_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v divorce_n vid._n tit_n adulterii_fw-la iii_o how_o far_o the_o commissar_n and_o inferior_a judge_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o improve_n of_o writ_n and_o declare_v they_o false_a have_v be_v various_o decide_v but_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o conclusion_n 1._o no_o inferior_a judge_n be_v competent_a to_o try_v the_o falsehood_n of_o writ_n by_o the_o indirect_a manner_n of_o improbation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o presumption_n for_o that_o way_n of_o trial_n be_v in_o effect_n nobilis_fw-la officii_fw-la be_v only_o competent_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n 2._o commissar_n and_o other_o inferior_a judge_n be_v only_o competent_a to_o improbation_n even_o where_o the_o direct_a manner_n be_v extant_a if_o improbation_n be_v propon_v by_o way_n of_o exception_n or_o reply_n for_o then_o the_o trial_n of_o falsehood_n fall_v in_o necessary_o as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o process_n and_o without_o this_o be_v allow_v to_o these_o inferior_a judge_n they_o can_v proceed_v in_o no_o case_n for_o if_o a_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a before_o they_o upon_o a_o bond_n they_o behove_v to_o sist_z if_o the_o bond_n be_v allege_v to_o be_v false_a or_o to_o stop_v if_o the_o defender_n shall_v offer_v to_o improve_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o summons_n but_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o competent_a by_o way_n of_o action_n even_o where_o the_o direct_a manner_n be_v extant_a as_o be_v decide_v the_o last_o of_o november_n 1630._o williamson_n contra_fw-la cushney_n 3._o if_o the_o commissar_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n pronounce_v once_o a_o decreet_a he_o can_v thereafter_o reduce_v his_o own_o decreet_a as_o have_v proceed_v upon_o false_a execution_n though_o the_o execution_n be_v give_v by_o his_o own_o officer_n since_o they_o be_v only_a judge_n competent_a to_o such_o forgery_n incidenter_n but_o after_o sentence_n they_o be_v functi_fw-la as_o be_v find_v the_o 29._o of_o january_n 1677._o cowan_n contra_fw-la the_o commissar_n of_o glasgows_n phiscal_n and_o according_a to_o these_o conclusion_n the_o late_a instruction_n give_v to_o the_o commissar_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v title_n xi_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o regality_n in_o criminal_n 1._o the_o origine_fw-la of_o regality_n 2._o they_o be_v account_v inferior_a judicatur_n 3._o why_o the_o heritor_n of_o a_o regality_n be_v call_v a_o lord_n of_o regality_n 4._o whether_o his_o majesty_n may_v erect_v regality_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o heritable_a jurisdiction_n 5._o they_o can_v repledge_v in_o case_n of_o treason_n nor_o from_o justice_n air_n 6._o the_o difference_n betwixt_o ecclesiastic_a and_o laic_a regality_n and_o from_o who_o they_o may_v repledge_a 7._o the_o form_n of_o a_o repledgiation_n 8._o regalities_n must_v have_v a_o burgh_n of_o regality_n and_o to_o what_o that_o burgh_n be_v tie_v 9_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o lord_n of_o regalities_n power_n i._o by_o the_o feudal_n law_n to_o which_o regality_n owe_v their_o origine_fw-la alia_fw-la erant_fw-la regalia_z alia_fw-la erant_fw-la feuda_fw-la regalem_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la habentia_fw-la which_o be_v the_o same_o difference_n in_o our_o law_n betwixt_o regalia_z and_o regality_n regalia_z be_v such_o privilege_n as_o immediate_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o do_v not_o original_o belong_v to_o nor_o can_v be_v communicate_v by_o any_o else_o such_o as_o to_o coin_v money_n to_o open_a mine_n of_o silver_n gold_n etc._n etc._n but_o regality_n be_v fews_n which_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n to_o a_o subject_a they_o have_v as_o large_a a_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o sheriff_n have_v in_o civil_n or_o the_o justice_n in_o criminal_o the_o habilis_fw-la modus_fw-la of_o grant_v which_o right_n be_v by_o signator_n whereupon_o a_o charter_n follow_v which_o pass_v the_o great_a seal_n ii_o regality_n be_v account_v inferior_a judicatur_n cap_n 76._o quon_n attach_v by_o which_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o no_o inferior_a judge_n shall_v judge_v the_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o regality_n be_v express_o number_v among_o inferior_a court_n act_n 173._o parl._n 13._o k._n ja._n 6._o by_o which_o it_o be_v likewise_o statute_n that_o he_o who_o strike_v any_o person_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n shall_v incur_v the_o pain_n of_o death_n but_o he_o who_o strike_v any_o before_o the_o sheriff_n lord_n of_o regality_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n shall_v only_o pay_v a_o hundred_o pound_n but_o though_o they_o be_v account_v inferior_a judge_n when_o compare_v with_o the_o justice_n or_o commissioner_n of_o justiciary_a yet_o they_o have_v great_a power_n in_o the_o way_n of_o their_o procedor_fw-la and_o in_o the_o proportion_v of_o their_o fine_n than_o sheriff_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n have_v for_o they_o may_v fine_v in_o a_o hundred_o pound_n though_o sheriff_n and_o other_o can_v as_o be_v find_v the_o 30_o of_o january_n 1663._o stewart_n against_o bogle_n and_o general_o they_o have_v the_o same_o power_n and_o the_o same_o allowance_n with_o the_o justice_n except_o when_o a_o express_a law_n make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o the_o 43._o act_n 11._o parl._n k._n ja._n 2._o appoint_v that_o no_o regality_n shall_v be_v grant_v without_o deliverance_n of_o parliament_n which_o nullity_n of_o old_a can_v not_o have_v be_v receive_v ope_v exceptionis_fw-la if_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n have_v 1610._o and_o they_o be_v still_o subject_a to_o revocation_n by_o the_o king_n if_o they_o be_v otherwise_o grant_v as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o revocation_n 1633._o and_o all_o precede_a iii_o he_o in_o who_o favour_n the_o regality_n be_v grant_v be_v still_o call_v the_o lord_n of_o regality_n though_o he_o be_v otherwise_o but_o a_o baron_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v because_o by_o the_o feudal_n law_n tria_fw-la erant_fw-la tantum_fw-la feuda_fw-la regalem_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la habentia_fw-la &_o quibus_fw-la inerat_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la regalis_fw-la viz_o ducatus_fw-la marchionatus_fw-la &_o comitatus_fw-la and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o no_o land_n can_v be_v comprehend_v under_o this_o jurisdiction_n by_o our_o law_n but_o such_o as_o belong_v to_o he_o in_o who_o favour_n that_o jurisdiction_n be_v grant_v either_o in_o property_n or_o superiority_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v find_v that_o his_o majesty_n palace_n though_o situate_v in_o burgh_n of_o
regality_n be_v in_o law_n no_o part_n of_o the_o regality_n but_o off_o the_o royalty_n and_o that_o such_o as_o live_v in_o these_o palace_n can_v not_o be_v cite_v at_o the_o head_n burgh_n of_o the_o regality_n but_o at_o the_o head_n burgh_n of_o the_o shire_n the_o 11._o of_o january_n 1662._o l._n carnegie_n against_o the_o lord_n cranburn_n iv._o whether_o his_o majesty_n may_v erect_v regality_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o heritable_a sheriff-ship_n be_v controvert_v with_o we_o and_o if_o he_o may_v certain_o he_o may_v thereby_o evacuat_v the_o office_n of_o sheriff-ship_n though_o buy_v with_o real_a money_n which_o be_v hard_a and_o yet_o the_o exchequer_n past_o a_o signator_n of_o drumlanrig_n albeit_o niddisdale_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o which_o sheriff-ship_n it_o be_v erect_v be_v a_o heritable_a sheriff-ship_n and_o the_o like_a decision_n be_v relate_v by_o hop_v m._n h._n t._n and_o the_o reason_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o his_o majesty_n by_o grant_v a_o heritable_a sheriff-ship_n alter_v not_o its_o nature_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o sheriff-ship_n be_v that_o his_o majesty_n be_v not_o thereby_o divest_v of_o jurisdiction_n and_o the_o sheriff_n appoint_v be_v but_o his_o majesty_n deput_n his_o creation_n can_v hinder_v his_o majesty_n to_o erect_v a_o new_a jurisdiction_n within_o its_o bound_n as_o he_o may_v erect_v a_o burgh-royal_a therein_o or_o a_o justiciary_a etc._n etc._n when_o land_n be_v dispon_v in_o conjunctsee_n the_o heritor_n retain_v still_o the_o office_n of_o regality_n hop_v hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi v._o albeit_o it_o be_v regular_o true_a that_o lord_n of_o regality_n have_v the_o same_o jurisdiction_n with_o his_o majesty_n justice_n yet_o this_o rule_n suffer_v two_o exception_n 1._o in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n to_o which_o the_o justice_n be_v only_a judge_n competent_a and_o that_o not_o only_a where_o the_o treason_n libel_v amount_v to_o the_o crime_n of_o perduellion_n but_o even_o in_o statutory_a treason_n such_o as_o fire_n of_o coal-heughs_a theft_n in_o land_a man_n etc._n etc._n and_o some_o lawyer_n be_v likewise_o of_o opinion_n that_o these_o crime_n which_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v the_o four_o point_n of_o the_o crown_n viz._n robbery_n murder_n fire-raising_a and_o ravish_v of_o woman_n shall_v not_o be_v liable_a to_o their_o jurisdiction_n which_o opinion_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o 2._o cap._n leg_n malcolm_n 2._o by_o which_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o all_o robber_n force_n of_o woman_n murderers_z of_o man_n and_o burner_n of_o house_n shall_v answer_v before_o the_o king_n justiciar_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v pley_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o by_o the_o 14._o cap._n stat._n alex._n 2._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o in_o all_o the_o court_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o the_o lord_n whatsoever_o these_o four_o pley_n shall_v be_v reserve_v from_o their_o court_n to_o the_o king_n own_o court_n because_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o 76._o cap._n quon_n attach_v likeas_n skeen_n de_fw-fr verb._n signif_n upon_o the_o word_n placitum_fw-la be_v clear_a that_o these_o four_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n belong_v only_o to_o the_o crown_n jurisdiction_n or_o justice-general_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n with_o treason_n he_o there_o likewise_o observe_v that_o they_o be_v call_v placita_fw-la from_o the_o french_a word_n placitare_fw-la which_o signify_v litigare_fw-la as_o mollineus_fw-la observe_v sup._n cur_n parl._n parti_fw-la primo_fw-la cap._n sexto_fw-la and_o yet_o de_fw-la facto_fw-la lord_n of_o regality_n do_v ordinary_o judge_v upon_o these_o crime_n without_o any_o commission_n and_o i_o find_v that_o the_o 22._o of_o july_n brown_n be_v assoilzy_v from_o a_o pursuit_n of_o fire-raising_a because_o he_o have_v be_v former_o pursue_v before_o the_o marquis_n of_o hamiltoun_n and_o assoilzy_v action_n of_o deforcement_n also_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v intent_a before_o the_o justice_n can_v be_v repledged_a for_o the_o king_n messenger_n be_v then_o deforce_v it_o be_v not_o fit_a that_o his_o majesty_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o seek_v justice_n from_o inferior_a judge_n where_o his_o officer_n of_o state_n can_v attend_v to_o pursue_v and_o cap._n 27._o l._n 4._o reg._n maj._n it_o be_v say_v that_o ad_fw-la solam_fw-la curiam_fw-la regis_fw-la pertinet_fw-la placitum_fw-la de_fw-la namo_fw-la vetito_fw-la and_o this_o the_o justice_n sustain_v the_o 23._o of_o november_n 1675._o in_o the_o case_n of_o william_n crighton_n though_o the_o debate_n be_v not_o allow_v to_o be_v book_v the_o 2._o exception_n be_v that_o no_o bailie_n of_o regality_n can_v repledge_v from_o justice_n air_n act_n 29._o parl._n 11._o ja._n 6._o which_o be_v likewise_o statute_n former_o by_o the_o 26._o act_n ja._n 2._o parl._n 6._o but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o bailie_n of_o regality_n may_v sit_v with_o the_o justice-general_a yet_o see_v the_o foresaid_a act_n of_o the_o 11._o parl._n king_n ja._n 6_o allow_v only_a no_o repledgiation_n to_o be_v from_o justice_n air_n hold_v by_o the_o justice-general_a it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o when_o justice_n air_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o justice_n depute_v or_o other_o by_o virtue_n of_o particular_a commission_n there_o may_v not_o be_v repledgiation_n allow_v in_o that_o case_n but_o i_o think_v there_o can_v see_v the_o act_n of_o parl._n ja._n 2._o be_v general_a and_o skeen_n remark_n this_o as_o a_o privilege_n of_o the_o justice_n air_n qua_fw-la talis_fw-la vi_o regality_n be_v divide_v with_o we_o in_o ecclesiastic_a and_o laic_a ecclesiastic_a regality_n be_v such_o as_o be_v erect_v in_o favour_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n etc._n etc._n and_o there_o be_v but_o very_o few_o abbacy_n in_o scotland_n which_o be_v not_o erect_v in_o regality_n and_o when_o these_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o foresay_a 29._o act_n parl._n 11._o k._n ja._n 6._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o bailie_n or_o stewart_n of_o the_o regality_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o power_n he_o have_v before_o to_o repledge_a from_o the_o sheriff_n or_o justice-general_a in_o case_n he_o have_v prevent_v the_o justice-general_a by_o apprehend_v or_o cite_v the_o person_n before_o he_o be_v apprehend_v or_o cite_v by_o the_o justice_n but_o if_o the_o justice_n have_v prevent_v as_o say_v be_v than_o the_o bailie_n or_o stewart_n of_o the_o regality_n shall_v not_o have_v power_n to_o repledge_a but_o he_o may_v sit_v with_o the_o justice-general_a if_o he_o please_v so_o that_o in_o effect_n by_o this_o act_n there_o be_v difference_n betwixt_o ecclesiastic_a and_o laic_a regality_n that_o in_o laic_a regality_n there_o be_v a_o right_n of_o repledge_v still_o as_o say_v be_v whereas_o ecclesiastic_a regality_n have_v not_o this_o privilege_n except_o they_o preveen_v the_o justice_n but_o otherwise_o the_o bailie_n of_o regality_n may_v only_o sit_v with_o they_o which_o difference_n seem_v to_o â—e_v acknowledge_v in_o the_o debate_n at_o his_o majesty_n advocat_n instance_n against_o several_a forestallers_a upon_o the_o 26._o of_o june_n 1596._o and_o thus_o mr._n john_n prestoun_n then_o depute_v to_o the_o regality_n of_o musselburgh_n be_v not_o allow_v to_o repledge_a but_o to_o sit_v with_o the_o justice_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o some_o witch_n upon_o the_o 29._o of_o july_n 1661._o the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n be_v that_o the_o regality_n have_v be_v only_o grant_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o religious_a house_n which_o be_v suppress_v the_o regality_n become_v extinguish_v with_o they_o and_o his_o majesty_n have_v ex_fw-la gratia_fw-la only_o renew_v their_o office_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o erection_n he_o think_v that_o they_o be_v abundant_o gratify_v by_o this_o new_a concession_n without_o allow_v they_o the_o power_n to_o exclude_v his_o own_o justice_n in_o case_n of_o prevention_n and_o this_o be_v also_o a_o favour_n to_o the_o liedge_n in_o not_o trouble_v they_o with_o two_o court_n nor_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o regality_n much_o prejudge_v for_o by_o this_o same_o act_n they_o retain_v the_o whole_a right_n to_o the_o escheat_n and_o fine_n even_o of_o these_o who_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n find_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n have_v right_a to_o the_o escheat_n of_o such_o as_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o justice_n or_o justice_n of_o peace_n the_o 22._o of_o july_n 1664._o elizabeth_n sutherland_n contra_fw-la conradge_n so_o that_o this_o hold_v not_o only_a where_o the_o justice_n sit_v with_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n but_o likewise_o where_o the_o justice_n condemn_v without_o the_o other_o concourse_n and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o since_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n serve_v not_o in_o that_o case_n he_o ought_v not_o to_o get_v these_o casualty_n which_o be_v the_o reward_n due_a to_o these_o who_o do_v justice_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n have_v himself_o only_o to_o
blame_v who_o do_v not_o either_o preveen_n or_o repledge_a baily_n of_o regality_n may_v likewise_o repledge_a from_o the_o king_n lieutenent_n as_o be_v find_v the_o 19_o of_o august_n 1596._o and_o as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o annexation_n and_o likewise_o from_o any_o commissioner_n appoint_v by_o the_o council_n as_o be_v find_v in_o may_n 1568._o and_o from_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n in_o riot_n and_o blood_n as_o be_v find_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n july_n 1617._o though_o these_o cause_n be_v of_o small_a moment_n and_o require_v summar_n and_o unexpensive_a cognition_n seem_v to_o require_v easy_a and_o less_o solemn_a trial_n in_o the_o procedor_fw-la than_o repledgiation_n will_v allow_v and_o yet_o by_o c._n 11._o the_o appell_n i_o find_v that_o licebat_fw-la in_o remimina_fw-la appellare_fw-la nor_o can_v the_o party_n injure_v complain_v since_o they_o may_v have_v make_v their_o application_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n nor_o shall_v their_o error_n prejudge_v his_o jurisdiction_n vii_o the_o manner_n of_o repledgiation_n from_o any_o court_n be_v that_o either_o the_o party_n himself_o who_o have_v the_o power_n of_o repledge_v or_o some_o other_o have_v a_o procurator_n from_o he_o compear_v and_o produce_v his_o charter_n of_o erection_n from_o the_o production_n of_o the_o seize_v be_v not_o sufficient_a see_v that_o be_v but_o assertio_fw-la notarii_fw-la yet_o sometime_o without_o production_n of_o the_o charter_n repledgiation_n will_v be_v sustain_v because_o it_o be_v notour_n that_o the_o repledger_n have_v a_o regality_n as_o in_o the_o duke_n of_o lennox_z case_n 1637._o as_o also_o repledgiation_n will_v be_v sustain_v upon_o production_n of_o the_o criminal_a register_n bear_v that_o it_o be_v former_o sustain_v to_o the_o same_o person_n may_v 1668._o arducaple_n against_o the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o highland_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o production_n of_o a_o lord_n of_o regality_n retour_fw-fr will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v that_o he_o have_v a_o regality_n and_o it_o appear_v it_o shall_v since_o a_o retour_fw-fr be_v a_o sentence_n and_o so_o be_v a_o sufficient_a instruction_n till_o it_o be_v reduce_v he_o who_o offer_v to_o repledge_a must_v find_v caution_n of_o culrach_n to_o do_v justice_n within_o year_n and_o day_n upon_o the_o person_n who_o he_o repledge_v and_o if_o the_o judge_n to_o who_o he_o be_v repledged_a do_v not_o justice_n within_o year_n and_o day_n he_o tine_v his_o court_n as_o we_o call_v it_o for_o year_n and_o day_n and_o the_o culrach_n for_o so_o the_o cautioner_n be_v call_v who_o have_v upon_o his_o become_a cautioner_n borrow_v the_o defender_n be_v in_o a_o unlaw_n and_o the_o judge_n from_o who_o he_o be_v borrow_v or_o repledged_a may_v proceed_v to_o do_v justice_n as_o former_o skeen_n de_fw-fr verb._n sig_n the_o panel_n likewise_o who_o be_v repledged_a must_v find_v caution_n for_o his_o own_o appearance_n before_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n to_o under_o the_o law_n for_o the_o crime_n lay_v to_o his_o charge_n the_o 16._o of_o may_v 1599_o patrick_n m_n ckalla_o against_o the_o regality_n of_o lennox_n no_o person_n can_v be_v repledged_a except_o he_o be_v present_a at_o the_o court_n from_o which_o he_o be_v desire_v to_o be_v repledged_a for_o a_o party_n who_o be_v absent_a can_v find_v caution_n to_o sist_z himself_o before_o the_o court_n to_o which_o he_o be_v repledged_a as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o armstrong_n who_o be_v pursue_v for_o murder_v some_o customer_n be_v desire_v to_o be_v repledged_a by_o the_o earl_n of_o annandale_n anno_fw-la 1666._o nor_o can_v a_o person_n be_v repledged_a after_o defence_n be_v propon_v for_o he_o for_o this_o be_v recusatio_fw-la judicis_fw-la it_o must_v be_v ante_fw-la omne_fw-la propon_v dum_fw-la res_fw-la est_fw-la integra_fw-la viii_o when_o regality_n be_v erect_v there_o be_v a_o burgh_n of_o regality_n express_v therein_o and_o though_o that_o burgh_n may_v choose_v baily_n yet_o the_o bailie_n of_o regality_n have_v still_o a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n with_o those_o baily_n of_o the_o burgh_n of_o regality_n in_o that_o same_o way_n that_o other_o superior_n retain_v still_o a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n with_o their_o regality_n as_o be_v find_v the_o 24._o of_o january_n 1668._o betwixt_o the_o bailie_n of_o killimure_n and_o the_o burgh_n thereof_o this_o burgh_n be_v oblige_v to_o maintain_v a_o sufficient_a prison_n not_o only_o for_o criminal_n but_o for_o debtor_n by_o the_o 273._o act_n 15._o parl._n ja._n 6._o and_o all_o caption_n bear_v the_o letter_n to_o be_v direct_a to_o baily_n of_o regality_n etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o by_o that_o act_n these_o burgh_n seem_v only_o to_o be_v oblige_v to_o entertain_v prisoner_n where_o there_o be_v provost_n baily_n and_o common-good_a nota_fw-la that_o these_o word_n of_o that_o act_n by_o the_o sheriff_n to_o stewart_n and_o baily_n of_o regality_n be_v ill_o print_v for_o the_o word_n to_o shall_v be_v or_o the_o lord_n likewise_o decide_v thus_o against_o the_o baily_n of_o regality_n the_o 7._o of_o july_n 1668._o hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la callender_n in_o this_o burgh_n all_o court_n must_v be_v hold_v yet_o defender_n be_v oblige_v to_o compear_v at_o any_o other_o place_n within_o the_o regality_n to_o which_o they_o be_v express_o cite_v as_o have_v observe_v in_o a_o case_n the_o 16._o of_o march_n 1622._o or_o if_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n be_v in_o use_n to_o hold_v his_o court_n else_o where_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n without_o interruption_n the_o vassal_n or_o any_o other_o defender_n be_v oblige_v to_o appear_v thereat_o though_o it_o be_v not_o the_o place_n design_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o erection_n as_o had._n observe_v december_n 1624._o and_o if_o the_o party_n who_o be_v desire_v to_o be_v repledged_a dwell_v within_o the_o regality_n the_o time_n of_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o crime_n the_o repledgiation_n will_v be_v sustain_v though_o at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o be_v accuse_v he_o be_v remove_v without_o the_o regality_n as_o be_v find_v the_o 21._o of_o november_n 1632._o in_o the_o case_n of_o one_o weems_n who_o be_v desire_v to_o be_v repledged_a to_o the_o regality_n of_o methwen_n lord_n of_o regality_n be_v oblige_v to_o hold_v justice-court_n twice_o a_o year_n 3._o parl._n k._n ja._n 2._o act._n 5._o and_o if_o they_o be_v negligent_a in_o cause_v rest_n and_o steal_a good_n be_v restore_v the_o sheriff_n may_v fulfil_v their_o place_n act_n 11._o parl._n 15._o ja._n 2._o and_o when_o erection_n fall_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o may_v be_v justify_v id_fw-la est_fw-la judge_v by_o the_o justice_n act_n 26._o par._n 6._o k._n i._n 6_o but_o this_o act_n can_v only_o take_v place_n till_o a_o stewart_n or_o bailie_n be_v appoint_v for_o regulariter_fw-la the_o king_n own_o stewart_n of_o regality_n may_v repledge_v from_o the_o justice_n a_o lord_n of_o regality_n can_v fit_v himself_o in_o his_o own_o court_n but_o must_v administer_v by_o a_o bailie_n who_o be_v sometime_o admit_v by_o a_o simple_a commission_n during_o his_o life_n or_o otherwise_o he_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v heritable_a bailie_n which_o right_o pass_v by_o infestment_n but_o this_o bailie_n be_v in_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o be_v proper_o call_v the_o stewart_n of_o the_o regality_n though_o sometime_o the_o king_n depute_n in_o regality_n be_v likewise_o call_v baily_n as_o in_o the_o 5._o act._n 3._o parl._n k_o i._n 2._o ix_o lord_n of_o regality_n can_v cite_v witness_n without_o their_o own_o jurisdiction_n but_o they_o must_v have_v letter_n of_o supplement_n for_o that_o office_n though_o general_o they_o may_v proceed_v in_o the_o same_o way_n that_o the_o justice-general_n do_v but_o they_o may_v exact_v caution_n to_o enter_v as_o law-will_a from_o the_o defender_n after_o sentence_n be_v give_v as_o be_v find_v the_o 7._o of_o october_n 1668._o betwixt_o mr._n john_n prestoun_n and_o mr._n john_n pape_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o great_a privilege_n than_o the_o justice_n have_v who_o can_v present_o exact_v caution_n of_o any_o person_n for_o pay_v a_o unlaw_n but_o can_v only_o raise_v letter_n of_o horning_n upon_o the_o act_n of_o adjournal_n the_o lord_n of_o regality_n have_v right_a to_o the_o single_a escheat_n of_o rebel_n live_v within_o their_o jurisdiction_n as_o also_o to_o the_o escheat_n of_o all_o person_n condemn_v for_o crime_n commit_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n within_o their_o jurisdiction_n albeit_o condemn_v by_o the_o justice_n from_o which_o general_a rule_n hope_v in_o his_o lesser_a practic_n except_v only_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n but_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o exception_n may_v not_o be_v likewise_o make_v of_o all_o other_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n see_v the_o lord_n
and_o the_o power_n of_o give_v of_o quarter_n be_v natural_o inherent_a in_o all_o soldier_n as_o such_o and_o as_o the_o council_n without_o express_a remission_n from_o the_o king_n upon_o submission_n may_v have_v secure_v their_o life_n so_o may_v soldier_n by_o quarter_n for_o they_o have_v as_o much_o power_n in_o the_o field_n as_o the_o other_o at_o the_o council_n table_n 2._o lawyer_n be_v very_o clear_a that_o quarter_n shall_v be_v keep_v though_o give_v to_o subject_n who_o be_v rebel_n grotius_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 19_o where_o after_o he_o have_v full_o treat_v that_o question_n de_fw-fr fide_fw-la servanda_fw-la conclude_v that_o side_n data_fw-la etiam_fw-la persidis_fw-la &_o rebellibus_fw-la subditis_fw-la est_fw-la servanda_fw-la and_o this_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o civil_a war_n in_o holland_n and_o france_n and_o by_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o father_n at_o home_n during_o the_o late_a trouble_n 3._o quarâ—er_o be_v advantageous_a to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o shall_v be_v keep_v for_o these_o who_o be_v take_v may_v have_v kill_v his_o majesty_n general_n or_o officer_n and_o by_o give_v quarter_n to_o his_o enemy_n he_o redeem_v his_o servant_n and_o if_o the_o only_a effect_n of_o quarter_n be_v to_o be_v reserve_v to_o a_o public_a trial_n none_o will_v accept_v quarter_n notwithstanding_o of_o which_o reply_n the_o defence_n be_v repel_v and_o the_o panel_n condemn_v and_o thereafter_o execute_v the_o second_o question_n be_v that_o which_o be_v debate_v in_o haddo_n case_n 16._o march_n 1642._o at_o which_o time_n that_o loyal_a gentleman_n haddo_n be_v pursue_v for_o kill_v mr._n james_n stalker_n servitor_n to_o the_o lord_n frazer_n he_o allege_v that_o the_o say_v mr._n james_n be_v kill_v in_o the_o open_a field_n in_o a_o conflict_n betwixt_o the_o convenanters_n and_o ante-covenanters_n all_o which_o act_v of_o ostility_n be_v remit_v by_o the_o pacification_n to_o which_o 〈◊〉_d be_v reply_v that_o the_o pacification_n do_v only_o secure_a against_o act_n of_o hostility_n which_o be_v do_v in_o furore_fw-la belli_fw-la but_o this_o be_v a_o private_a murder_n for_o the_o say_a mr._n james_n have_v be_v take_v a_o prisoner_n haddo_n do_v come_v up_o to_o he_o and_o ask_v who_o servant_n he_o be_v and_o hear_v that_o he_o be_v servant_n to_o the_o lord_n frazer_n he_o say_v your_o master_n man_n be_v the_o person_n that_o i_o be_o seek_v and_o thereupon_o order_v to_o kill_v he_o which_o be_v according_o do_v by_o which_o it_o clear_o appear_v that_o this_o be_v a_o private_a murder_n do_v in_o cold_a blood_n and_o upon_o premeditat_fw-la malice_n and_o mr._n james_n stalker_n be_v a_o prisoner_n any_o who_o kill_v he_o be_v liable_a for_o his_o murder_n ex_fw-la jure_fw-la militari_fw-la and_o the_o pacification_n can_v no_o more_o defend_v the_o committer_n then_o if_o he_o have_v go_v into_o a_o prison_n and_o kill_v a_o prisoner_n or_o if_o he_o have_v commit_v a_o rapt_v upon_o a_o woman_n likea_n murderer_n be_v express_o except_v from_o the_o pacification_n 2._o haddo_n be_v no_o general_a person_n and_o so_o can_v not_o give_v order_n for_o his_o execution_n and_o so_o the_o kill_n of_o the_o defunct_a be_v not_o warrantable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n to_o which_o it_o be_v duply_v that_o the_o pacification_n do_v secure_a against_o all_o deed_n whatsoever_o do_v upon_o the_o field_n by_o person_n engage_v in_o either_o party_n without_o debate_v whether_o the_o deed_n be_v lawful_o or_o unlawful_o do_v and_o the_o occasion_n and_o not_o the_o manner_n of_o kill_v be_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o as_o to_o the_o manner_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o mr._n james_n have_v never_o get_v any_o quarter_n and_o so_o be_v not_o a_o prisoner_n in_o war_n and_o therefore_o may_v have_v be_v kill_v by_o any_o engage_v in_o the_o quarrel_n whether_o general_a person_n or_o other_o but_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o say_a haddo_n do_v command_v that_o party_n which_o be_v equivalent_a to_o his_o be_v a_o general_a person_n and_o albeit_o the_o pacification_n do_v express_o except_o murder_n yet_o that_o behove_v only_o to_o be_v interpret_v of_o such_o murder_n as_o have_v no_o contingency_n with_o the_o trouble_n nor_o be_v occasion_v by_o they_o this_o debate_n be_v not_o decide_v but_o be_v remit_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o that_o worthy_a gentleman_n execute_v for_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n iii_o i_o find_v that_o there_o be_v a_o commission_n grant_v by_o the_o parliament_n in_o anno_fw-la 1644._o to_o two_o baily_n of_o edinburgh_n to_o sit_v and_o hold_v justice_n court_n upon_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v runaway_n and_o that_o upon_o this_o commission_n james_n french_a be_v condemn_v by_o they_o for_o run_v away_o from_o his_o colour_n contrary_a to_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1644._o and_o be_v hang_v according_o from_o which_o these_o observation_n may_v be_v make_v 1._o that_o the_o justice_n be_v not_o judge_n competent_a to_o crime_n that_o be_v mere_o military_a 2._o that_o we_o have_v no_o stand_a law_n for_o execute_v runaway_n beside_o the_o martial_a law_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o law_n found_v upon_o this_o indictment_n except_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1644._o which_o be_v now_o abrogat_fw-la 3._o it_o be_v observable_a that_o one_o mr._n alexander_n henderson_n as_o procurator_n fiscal_n and_o not_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n be_v here_o pursuer_fw-mi from_o all_o which_o it_o seem_v somewhat_o strange_a that_o this_o process_n shall_v have_v be_v insert_v in_o the_o adjournal_n book_n iu._n but_o albeit_o deserter_n be_v here_o punish_v with_o death_n yet_o regulariter_fw-la milites_fw-la gregarij_fw-la or_o list_a soldier_n be_v only_o punishable_a in_o time_n of_o peace_n with_o degredation_n and_o in_o time_n of_o war_n with_o death_n because_o the_o hazard_n be_v then_o great_a l._n 5._o §_o 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr remilit_fw-la and_o by_o that_o law_n they_o may_v be_v kill_v by_o any_o man_n lib._n 2._o cod._n quando_fw-la liciat_a unic_n etc._n etc._n but_o this_o arbitrary_a kill_n be_v not_o now_o in_o use_n as_o voet_n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr militat_fw-la very_o well_o observe_v if_o superior_a officer_n leave_v their_o charge_n they_o commit_v treason_n l._n 2._o ff_n ad_fw-la leg_n jul_a maje_v vid._n tit_n treason_n v._o constantine_n have_v extinguish_v the_o office_n of_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la who_o be_v the_o supreme_a judge_n in_o all_o military_a case_n the_o magistri_fw-la militum_fw-la succeed_v and_o be_v sole_a judge_n of_o all_o crime_n commit_v by_o soldier_n both_o in_o civil_a and_o in_o military_a case_n and_o if_o soldier_n have_v offend_v the_o civil_a magistrate_n may_v have_v secure_v but_o he_o be_v obledge_v to_o remit_v they_o cum_fw-la elogio_fw-la to_o their_o own_o officer_n l._n 9_o ff_n de_fw-fr custod_n reor_fw-la vid._n tit_n c._n de_fw-fr remilit_fw-la title_n xvii_o advocation_n of_o criminal_a cause_n 1._o advocation_n define_v 2._o no_o advocation_n from_o the_o justice_n 3._o how_o advocation_n be_v raise_v from_o inferior_a court_n and_o the_o form_n thereto_o relate_v 4._o the_o ordinary_a reason_n of_o advocation_n examine_v 5._o whether_o the_o justice_n be_v proper_a judge_n to_o their_o own_o competency_n i._o advocation_n be_v the_o away_o call_v of_o a_o intend_a cause_n or_o pursuit_n from_o a_o inferior_a incompetent_a judicatory_a to_o a_o high_a and_o more_o competent_a and_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n with_o we_o that_o recusatio_fw-la judicis_fw-la be_v with_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v by_o the_o doctor_n call_v advocatio_fw-la or_o evocatio_fw-la which_o be_v by_o they_o define_v to_o be_v litis_fw-la pendentis_fw-la coram_fw-la inferiore_fw-la ad_fw-la superiorem_fw-la absque_fw-la provocatione_n facta_fw-la translatio_fw-la gail_n lib._n 1._o ob_n 41_o num_fw-la 7._o and_o be_v found_v upon_o cap._n ut_fw-la nostrum_fw-la de_fw-la appell_n &_o l._n jud_v solvitur_fw-la ff_n de_fw-mi jud_v ii_o their_a be_v no_o advocation_n raise_v of_o pursuit_n intent_a before_o the_o justice_n but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o design_n of_o stop_v a_o pursuit_n depend_v before_o they_o there_o use_v to_o be_v a_o petition_n give_v in_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o secret_a council_n who_o if_o they_o find_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o petition_n just_a will_v ordain_v the_o justice_n to_o stop_v all_o further_a procedor_fw-la or_o will_v remit_v the_o inquiry_n to_o any_o other_o court_n as_o they_o do_v in_o a_o pursuit_n intent_a at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o caithness_n against_o some_o vassal_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o sutherland_n which_o they_o stop_v as_o to_o the_o earl_n himself_o and_o ordain_v his_o vassal_n to_o be_v pursue_v before_o his_o own_o regality_n court_n sometime_o also_o they_o ordain_v assessor_n to_o be_v justice_n so_o that_o there_o be_v never_o a_o cause_n formal_o advocate_n from_o before_o the_o justice_n
albeit_o those_o course_n and_o repledgiation_n be_v equivalent_a to_o advocation_n iii_o advocation_n may_v be_v raise_v from_o inferior_a criminal_a judge_n by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o theft-boot_n before_o the_o sheriff_n of_o inverness_n and_o advocate_n by_o the_o lord_n because_o of_o the_o intricacy_n of_o the_o case_n albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v there_o that_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o judge_n competent_a in_o such_o advocation_n because_o they_o can_v not_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o crime_n pursue_v to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o though_o they_o can_v not_o be_v judge_n themselves_o yet_o they_o may_v remit_v the_o pursuit_n to_o these_o who_o be_v competent_a even_o as_o brieve_v raise_v for_o serve_v a_o person_n air_n may_v be_v advocate_n to_o the_o lord_n who_o may_v remit_v the_o case_n to_o another_o inquest_n but_o durhie_n observe_v the_o 9_o of_o january_n 1629._o that_o kincaid_n of_o waristoun_n crave_v that_o the_o process_n against_o he_o for_o slaughter_n may_v be_v advocate_n by_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o justice_n because_o of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o baron_n bailie_n or_o else_o that_o they_o will_v grant_v assessor_n the_o lord_n continue_v the_o diet_n till_o application_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o the_o council_n but_o if_o the_o council_n will_v not_o interpose_v than_o they_o shall_v do_v justice_n therein_o by_o remit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o justice_n or_o otherwise_o but_o advocation_n in_o criminal_a case_n be_v ordinary_o raise_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n who_o have_v the_o most_o natural_a power_n in_o such_o case_n advocation_n be_v raise_v upon_o bill_n and_o the_o letter_n pass_v the_o signet_n of_o the_o session_n if_o the_o bill_n be_v past_a by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n or_o of_o the_o council_n if_o the_o bill_n be_v pass_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o council_n this_o advocation_n must_v be_v execute_v by_o a_o messenger_n and_o a_o full_a copy_n must_v be_v give_v of_o the_o letter_n as_o in_o other_o summons_n for_o in_o effect_n a_o advocation_n be_v a_o summons_n and_o the_o diet_n in_o advocation_n be_v peremptor_n as_o in_o all_o other_o criminal_a pursuit_n neither_o be_v the_o advocation_n give_v up_o to_o see_v as_o in_o other_o criminal_a pursuit_n at_o the_o day_n of_o compearance_n and_o therefore_o a_o full_a copy_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o end_n the_o defender_n may_v be_v ready_a to_o answer_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o action_n must_v be_v cite_v and_o the_o judge_n from_o who_o the_o action_n be_v to_o be_v advocate_n must_v be_v also_o cite_v to_o the_o effect_n he_o may_v defend_v his_o own_o jurisdiction_n and_o if_o both_o these_o be_v not_o cite_v the_o advocation_n will_v not_o be_v sustain_v when_o the_o day_n of_o compearance_n come_v if_o the_o advocation_n be_v raise_v before_o the_o session_n it_o be_v call_v before_o the_o session_n and_o if_o the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v find_v relevant_a the_o cause_n be_v remit_v to_o the_o justice_n but_o if_o that_o advocation_n be_v raise_v before_o the_o council_n it_o be_v call_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o they_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o relevancy_n of_o the_o reason_n and_o both_o pursuer_fw-mi and_o defender_n must_v prove_v all_o that_o they_o allege_v instant_o the_o advocation_n of_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n do_v contain_v the_o reason_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v found_v as_o in_o civil_a advocation_n but_o though_o in_o civilibus_fw-la the_o raiser_n of_o the_o advocation_n will_v be_v allow_v to_o add_v a_o reason_n though_o it_o be_v not_o libel_v which_o be_v call_v a_o eiked_a reason_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o allow_v in_o criminalibus_fw-la because_o all_o must_v be_v prove_v instanter_fw-la and_o the_o defender_n be_v not_o able_a to_o prove_v his_o answer_n instant_o if_o he_o know_v not_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n which_o he_o must_v answer_v whereas_o in_o civilibus_fw-la he_o will_v get_v a_o term_n to_o prove_v his_o answer_n to_o the_o eiked_a reason_n iv._o the_o ordinary_a reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v 1._o consanguinity_n or_o affinity_n within_o degree_n defendant_n viz._n cousin_n german_a or_o near_o for_o whatever_o be_v a_o sufficient_a reason_n to_o cast_v a_o witness_n shall_v in_o my_o opinion_n much_o more_o be_v sufficient_a to_o decline_v a_o judge_n since_o there_o may_v be_v penury_n of_o witness_n so_o that_o the_o witness_v challenge_v may_v be_v necessary_a whereas_o if_o a_o judge_n be_v suspect_v he_o may_v be_v supply_v by_o another_o deput_n or_o a_o superior_a judge_n and_o a_o judge_n may_v by_o himself_o ruin_n a_o cause_n which_o one_o witness_n can_v do_v and_o though_o we_o have_v no_o express_a law_n for_o this_o yet_o the_o lord_n incline_v ordinary_o to_o sustain_v this_o and_o particular_o in_o the_o month_n of_o decem._n 1676._o ross_z contra_fw-la collodine_n where_o a_o decreet_a be_v turn_v in_o a_o libel_n because_o pronounce_v by_o a_o nephew_n albeit_o it_o be_v there_o allege_v that_o by_o the_o 212._o act_n 14._o parl._n i._n 6._o a_o brother_n father_n and_o son_n be_v only_o to_o be_v decline_v as_o judge_n for_o that_o statute_n relate_v only_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o because_o of_o their_o great_a eminency_n and_o trust_v be_v not_o to_o be_v as_o easy_o suspect_v as_o inferior_a judge_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o justice_n or_o any_o of_o they_o may_v be_v decline_v as_o within_o degree_n defendant_n for_o though_o they_o must_v now_o be_v senator_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n yet_o they_o sit_v not_o there_o as_o such_o nor_o be_v the_o justice-general_a or_o justice-clerk_n always_o of_o that_o number_n but_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o since_o the_o justice_n court_n be_v a_o supreme_a judicatory_a in_o its_o own_o kind_n and_o that_o this_o respect_n that_o be_v put_v upon_o they_o be_v because_o of_o their_o eminency_n and_o presume_v integrity_n that_o therefore_o they_o be_v the_o same_o person_n aught_o to_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n and_o the_o justice-general_a and_o justice-clerk_n be_v superior_a in_o order_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o be_v justiciar_n aught_o at_o least_o to_o have_v as_o great_a trust_n but_o though_o the_o admiral_n be_v a_o supreme_a judge_n also_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o this_o statute_n shall_v be_v extend_v to_o he_o because_o man_n of_o mean_a part_n may_v officiat_fw-la there_o it_o may_v be_v also_o doubt_v whether_o this_o declinator_fw-la against_o father_n brother_n and_o son_n shall_v extend_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o affinity_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o consanguinity_n so_o that_o a_o father_n or_o brother_n in_o law_n may_v be_v decline_v and_o though_o the_o lord_n late_o will_v not_o decline_v one_o of_o their_o number_n though_o brother_n in_o law_n to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi yet_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o albeit_o act_v of_o parliament_n must_v be_v strict_o interpret_v yet_o where_o there_o be_v a_o parity_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o word_n may_v in_o propriety_n admit_v of_o the_o extension_n there_o the_o extension_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o here_o a_o brother_n in_o law_n be_v to_o be_v suspect_v and_o a_o brother_n in_o law_n be_v in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n a_o brother_n likeas_n since_o witness_n may_v be_v cast_v upon_o the_o suspicion_n of_o affinity_n why_o may_v not_o judge_n especial_o see_v in_o the_o statute_n 1621._o against_o disposition_n make_v by_o bankrupt_n and_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o lawyer_n degree_n of_o affinity_n and_o consanguinity_n be_v still_o equiparat_fw-la and_o so_o wise_a be_v we_o in_o this_o point_n that_o a_o pursuit_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v advocate_n upon_o this_o statute_n because_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v brother_n to_o the_o judge_n though_o he_o be_v only_o pursue_v ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la and_o have_v no_o interest_n himself_o and_o express_o renounce_v all_o interest_n in_o the_o pursuit_n 28._o january_n 1629._o whether_o this_o statute_n be_v to_o be_v extend_v to_o unlawful_a relation_n so_o that_o a_o bastard_n brother_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v decline_v vide_fw-la my_o observation_n upon_o the_o statute_n 1621._o another_o reason_n of_o advocation_n like_a to_o this_o be_v that_o one_o of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o court_n be_v pursuer_fw-mi as_o for_o instance_n the_o pursuit_n be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o one_o of_o two_o sheriff_n depute_v before_o his_o own_o colleague_n habet_fw-la quip_n societas_fw-la jus_o quoddam_fw-la fraternitatis_fw-la in_o se_fw-la l._n verum_fw-la ff_n praesocio_fw-la vid._n c._n insinuante_fw-la de_fw-fr offic_n deleg_a &_o cap._n postr_n de_fw-fr appel_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v judge_v where_o the_o colleague_n pursue_v but_o that_o the_o pursuit_n shall_v be_v carry_v away_o to_o another_o judicature_n be_v appoint_v by_o a_o
statute_n in_o france_n anno_fw-la 1560._o but_o we_o have_v no_o such_o statute_n and_o one_o colleague_n with_o we_o may_v be_v witness_n for_o another_o and_o why_o not_o then_o judge_n a_o three_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v that_o the_o judge_n be_v suspect_v as_o if_o he_o have_v give_v partial_a counsel_n or_o if_o he_o have_v repel_v a_o just_a defence_n or_o as_o be_v severe_a above_o what_o the_o law_n allow_v 4._o that_o he_o be_v incompetent_a the_o case_n pursue_v be_v only_o proper_a to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice_n as_o be_v one_o of_o the_o four_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n viz._n treason_n murder_n fire-raising_a and_o ravish_v of_o woman_n but_o sometime_o though_o the_o first_o libel_n have_v infer_v treason_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o peddy_n january_n 1667._o yet_o if_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi will_v restrict_n his_o action_n to_o damnage_v and_o interest_n but_o will_v desert_v the_o diet_n as_o to_o the_o criminal_a pursuit_n it_o may_v be_v sustain_v 5._o that_o the_o case_n be_v very_o intricat_a as_o in_o a_o pursuit_n of_o theft-boot_n which_o be_v advocate_n from_o the_o sheriff-deput_a of_o invernesse_n eo_fw-la ex_fw-la capite_fw-la member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n also_o pretend_v that_o they_o can_v be_v pursue_v before_o any_o other_o court_n because_o this_o will_v draw_v they_o from_o attend_v the_o session_n but_o the_o act_n 39_o pa._n 6._o q._n m._n whereon_o this_o be_v found_v seem_v only_o to_o hold_v in_o remove_n so_o that_o no_o action_n concern_v remove_n shall_v be_v advocate_n but_o in_o these_o case_n viz._n deadly_a fead_z where_o the_o judge_n ordinary_a be_v party_n or_o the_o defender_n a_o member_n of_o the_o session_n and_o yet_o the_o praxi_fw-la that_o part_n of_o the_o statute_n be_v extend_v to_o all_o advocation_n but_o they_o can_v advocate_n from_o the_o justice_n court_n if_o the_o cause_n be_v advocate_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o first_o libel_n which_o be_v advocate_v must_v find_v caution_n de_fw-fr novo_fw-la to_o insist_v in_o the_o pursuit_n else_o the_o justice_n will_v desert_v the_o diet_n which_o caution_n be_v necessary_a because_o the_o judicature_n before_o which_o the_o caution_n be_v find_v be_v alter_v and_o neither_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi nor_o his_o cautioner_n be_v bind_v to_o insist_v before_o any_o other_o court_n the_o defender_n likewise_o of_o the_o first_o cause_n and_o who_o raise_v the_o advocation_n be_v obliedge_v to_o renew_v his_o caution_n that_o he_o will_v under_o the_o law_n else_o the_o justice_n will_v imprison_v he_o the_o taiser_n of_o the_o advocation_n mus_fw-la intimate_fw-la to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o principal_a cause_n that_o he_o have_v raise_v a_o advocation_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o say_v pursuer_fw-mi may_v be_v ready_a to_o insist_v at_o the_o day_n to_o which_o the_o advocation_n be_v raise_v and_o when_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi before_o the_o court_n from_o which_o the_o cause_n be_v advocate_v the_o raiser_n of_o the_o advocation_n shall_v intimate_fw-la to_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v be_v ready_a to_o insist_v for_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n be_v in_o the_o justice-court_n what_o the_o procurator_n fiskal_n be_v in_o inferior_a court_n the_o office_n of_o both_o be_v to_o pursue_v vindictam_fw-la publicam_fw-la v._o the_o old_a custom_n be_v as_o some_o allege_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n judge_v all_o the_o advocation_n which_o be_v raise_v in_o criminal_a cause_n from_o inferior_a judge_n even_o to_o the_o justice_n court_n and_o very_o judicious_a lawyer_n do_v yet_o hold_v that_o the_o justice_n can_v judge_v whether_o they_o be_v competent_a judge_n in_o cause_n advocate_v from_o inferior_a criminal_a court_n but_o that_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n shall_v cognosce_fw-la whether_o the_o cause_n shall_v be_v advocate_n and_o if_o they_o sustain_v the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n that_o they_o shall_v remit_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice_n or_o remit_v the_o trial_n to_o the_o court_n from_o which_o it_o be_v advocate_v if_o the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v not_o relevant_a for_o they_o think_v it_o unreasonable_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v be_v judge_n of_o their_o own_o competency_n but_o since_o the_o justice_n be_v supreme_a and_o sovereign_a judge_n as_o well_o as_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o since_o the_o justice_n be_v now_o many_o and_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o session_n also_o it_o seem_v reasonable_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v judge_n to_o their_o own_o competency_n especial_o since_o these_o reason_n of_o advocation_n do_v very_o frequent_o do_v upon_o subtlety_n of_o the_o criminal_a law_n and_o can_v be_v well_o judge_v but_o by_o such_o as_o understand_v that_o law_n exact_o as_o for_o instance_n i_o have_v see_v a_o advocation_n raise_v of_o a_o libel_n in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n from_o before_o a_o lord_n of_o regalities_n court_n upon_o this_o reason_n viz._n that_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o accusation_n be_v for_o drown_v a_o coal-heugh_a which_o be_v treason_n in_o our_o law_n to_o the_o which_o crime_n of_o treason_n none_o but_o the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a in_o which_o advocation_n these_o point_n be_v necessary_o debate_v 1._o whether_o lord_n of_o regality_n be_v judge_n to_o treason_n 2._o whether_o though_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o treason_n found_v upon_o the_o common_a law_n yet_o if_o they_o be_v judge_n to_o statutory_a treason_n 3._o whether_o though_o burn_v a_o coal-heugh_a be_v treason_n by_o statute_n yet_o if_o drown_v of_o it_o fall_v under_o that_o statute_n all_o which_o point_n be_v indagationis_fw-la criminalis_fw-la and_o these_o who_o can_v judge_v such_o point_n may_v judge_v any_o criminal_a case_n likeas_n both_o by_o the_o old_a and_o new_a stile_n of_o advocation_n raise_v either_o by_o the_o council_n or_o criminal_a court_n the_o letter_n bear_v that_o the_o reason_n be_v to_o be_v see_v and_o consider_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o immediate_o upon_o the_o advocation_n caution_n be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o adjournal_n and_o to_o answer_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o the_o justice_n have_v be_v in_o constant_a possession_n of_o judge_v such_o reason_n and_o whereas_o it_o may_v be_v allege_v that_o though_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v not_o judge_n to_o crime_n yet_o the_o case_n of_o competency_n in_o the_o matter_n of_o jurisdiction_n be_v mere_o civil_a and_o so_o it_o will_v seem_v proper_a to_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o lord_n especial_o since_o it_o be_v nor_o just_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v be_v judge_n in_o their_o own_o cause_n to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o though_o this_o case_n be_v civil_a yet_o it_o have_v so_o necessary_a a_o contingency_n with_o what_o be_v criminal_a as_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v divide_v since_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o advocation_n wherein_o their_o own_o â—urisdiction_n be_v controvert_v why_o shall_v this_o be_v deny_v to_o the_o justice_n who_o be_v a_o part_n of_o themselves_o and_o such_o supreme_a judge_n be_v above_o suspicion_n especial_o since_o they_o can_v gain_v nothing_o by_o their_o jurisdiction_n title_n xviii_o of_o inquisition_n 1._o the_o nature_n of_o inquisition_n and_o when_o it_o be_v competent_a 2._o the_o king_n and_o party_n may_v pursue_v separat_o 3._o citation_n super_fw-la inquirendis_fw-la when_o competent_a i._o when_o a_o crime_n be_v commit_v the_o council_n or_o the_o justice_n do_v of_o old_a take_v a_o previous_a inquisition_n of_o it_o by_o examine_v witness_n and_o take_v such_o other_o information_n as_o they_o think_v fit_a and_o these_o deposition_n and_o examination_n be_v call_v informationes_fw-la by_o the_o doctor_n but_o though_o they_o may_v examine_v witness_n before_o the_o intent_v of_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n yet_o after_o it_o be_v once_o intent_a the_o justice_n find_v the_o 8._o of_o january_n 1672._o that_o they_o can_v not_o examine_v witness_n for_o the_o inquisition_n end_v by_o the_o intent_a of_o the_o pursuit_n &_o ubi_fw-la incipit_fw-la accusatio_fw-la desinit_fw-la inquisitio_fw-la the_o doctor_n be_v very_o profuse_a on_o this_o subject_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o excerpt_v from_o they_o what_o be_v most_o suitable_a to_o our_o form_n and_o practice_n they_o define_v inquisition_n to_o be_v a_o information_n of_o the_o crime_n take_v by_o the_o judge_n own_o authority_n &_o ex_fw-la officio_fw-la and_o they_o divide_v it_o in_o a_o general_a inquisition_n which_o be_v take_v of_o the_o crime_n in_o general_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o particular_a informer_n or_o defender_n and_o a_o special_a inquisition_n which_o be_v take_v against_o a_o particular_a person_n of_o who_o guilt_n they_o be_v inform_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n no_o judge_n can_v proceed_v against_o any_o private_a
person_n without_o a_o accuser_n for_o inquisition_n be_v by_o that_o law_n a_o extraordinar_a remedy_n and_o no_o recourse_n can_v be_v have_v to_o a_o extraordinar_a remedy_n till_o accusation_n which_o be_v the_o ordinary_a remedy_n be_v first_o try_v but_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n inquisition_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v a_o ordinary_a remedy_n and_o all_o the_o doctor_n conclude_v that_o general_o a_o judge_n may_v now_o by_o the_o practice_n of_o nation_n inquire_v ex_fw-la officio_fw-la in_o all_o crime_n farin_n de_fw-fr inquisit_a quest_n 1._o num_fw-la 10._o which_o be_v consonant_n to_o our_o law_n by_o which_o the_o council_n or_o justice_n may_v inquire_v into_o all_o crime_n without_o wait_v for_o a_o accuser_n which_o be_v do_v with_o we_o without_o citation_n of_o the_o party_n or_o other_o formality_n but_o nothing_o can_v follow_v till_o after_o information_n be_v take_v a_o enditement_n or_o summon_v be_v raise_v which_o be_v follow_v according_a to_o the_o ordinar_n rule_n but_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o the_o judge_n shall_v not_o inquire_v or_o take_v any_o previous_a trial_n even_o in_o our_o law_n where_o a_o accuser_n offer_v to_o insist_v except_o he_o have_v just_a reason_n to_o fear_v collusion_n for_o non_fw-la recurrendum_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la extraordinarium_fw-la remedium_fw-la dum_fw-la locus_fw-la est_fw-la ordinario_fw-la and_o albeit_o inquisition_n be_v declare_v by_o the_o doctor_n to_o be_v a_o ordinary_a remedy_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o declare_v so_o to_o the_o effect_n that_o a_o judge_n may_v inquire_v without_o any_o accuser_n and_o that_o the_o inquisition_n so_o take_v be_v not_o ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la null_n but_o natural_o every_o man_n shall_v have_v liberty_n to_o pursue_v the_o private_a wrong_n do_v to_o himself_o which_o may_v be_v prejudge_v either_o by_o the_o want_n of_o information_n or_o zeal_n of_o the_o judge_n ordinar_n and_o sometime_o by_o collusion_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v see_v many_o decreet_n of_o inferior_a court_n wherein_o the_o defender_n be_v by_o collusion_n fine_v at_o the_o procurator-fiskals_a instance_n reduce_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o not_o sustain_v by_o the_o council_n when_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o party_n wrong_v appear_v and_o offer_v to_o pursue_v but_o be_v not_o admit_v and_o albeit_o because_o of_o the_o wrong_n which_o be_v do_v to_o the_o public_a a_o judge_n may_v likewise_o inquire_v yet_o he_o who_o be_v principal_o wrong_v shall_v be_v allow_v to_o be_v chief_a in_o the_o prosecution_n and_o therefore_o albeit_o the_o council_n may_v in_o public_a crime_n where_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o country_n be_v chief_o concern_v take_v precognition_n of_o it_o and_o stop_v accusation_n raise_v before_o the_o justice_n at_o a_o private_a party_n instance_n as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o pursuit_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o stranaver_n man_n against_o the_o earl_n of_o caithness_n and_o other_o for_o fire_n raise_v and_o depredation_n in_o august_n 1668._o yet_o they_o refuse_v to_o stop_v accusation_n and_o will_v not_o grant_v precognition_n in_o private_a murder_n or_o such_o like_a crime_n where_o private_a person_n be_v principal_o wrong_v except_o the_o rigour_n of_o law_n require_v some_o abatement_n ii_o it_o appear_v also_o that_o pursuit_n at_o his_o majesty_n instance_n be_v only_a subsidiary_n ja._n 1._o par._n 13._o cap._n 140._o by_o which_o act_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o crime_n may_v be_v punish_v at_o the_o king_n majesty_n instance_n if_o no_o private_a follower_n appear_v and_o ja._n 6._o parl_n 11._o cap._n 76._o where_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o the_o thesaurer_n and_o advocate_n may_v pursue_v private_a crime_n although_o the_o party_n be_v silent_a or_o will_v agree_v from_o which_o act_n two_o thing_n may_v be_v conclude_v 1._o that_o of_o old_a it_o be_v doubt_v if_o the_o king_n can_v pursue_v private_a crime_n without_o a_o accuser_n 2._o that_o pursuit_n at_o his_o majesty_n instance_n for_o private_a crime_n be_v yet_o only_o subsidiary_a and_o allowable_a if_o party_n be_v silent_a or_o collude_v which_o distinction_n do_v in_o my_o opinion_n solve_v that_o great_a debate_n among_o the_o doctor_n utrum_fw-la accusatio_fw-la cessare_fw-la facit_fw-la inquisitionem_fw-la nota_fw-la that_o albeit_o by_o the_o say_a act_n it_o be_v statute_n that_o the_o thesaurer_n and_o advocate_n may_v pursue_v without_o concourse_n of_o the_o party_n yet_o de_fw-la practicae_fw-la the_o pursuit_n be_v only_o raise_v at_o the_o advocat_n instance_n and_o so_o the_o particle_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v disjunctive_a as_o and_o be_v very_o oft_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o a_o pursuit_n at_o the_o thesaurers_n instance_n will_v be_v sustain_v without_o concourse_n of_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n if_o the_o advocate_n shall_v refuse_v his_o concourse_n iii_o the_o doctor_n conclude_v that_o a_o judge_n can_v inquire_v summary_o &_o necesse_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la vel_fw-la indicia_fw-la vel_fw-la delator_n vel_fw-la diffamatio_fw-la à periant_n viam_fw-la inquisitioni_fw-la for_o else_o every_o judge_n may_v diffame_v the_o best_a and_o most_o innocent_a man_n at_o their_o pleasure_n so_o that_o if_o a_o judge_n have_v not_o some_o rise_n for_o his_o inquiry_n i_o real_o believe_v he_o be_v punishable_a in_o our_o law_n for_o put_v a_o person_n to_o inquisition_n for_o a_o crime_n &_o sindicandus_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la capite_fw-la but_o the_o malice_n of_o the_o judge_n must_v be_v very_o clear_o prove_v in_o that_o case_n of_o old_a judge_n do_v appoint_v delator_n who_o may_v inform_v denunciatores_fw-la dicebantur_fw-la but_o of_o late_a this_o employment_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o fisk_n &_o ejus_fw-la sindicis_fw-la and_o by_o our_o law_n to_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n in_o the_o justice_n court_n and_o to_o the_o fiskal_n in_o inferior_a court_n and_o they_o may_v pursue_v or_o inform_v in_o inquisition_n sine_fw-la paena_fw-la calumniae_fw-la quia_fw-la cessat_fw-la in_o iis_fw-la suspicio_fw-la calumniae_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la denunciant_fw-la ex_fw-la officio_fw-la by_o the_o 13._o act_n 10._o par_fw-fr ja._n 6._o charge_n super_fw-la inquirendis_fw-la be_v discharge_v but_o it_o be_v a_o mistake_n to_o think_v that_o by_o that_o act_n the_o king_n or_o other_o judge_n can_v examine_v man_n without_o a_o formal_a process_n for_o the_o design_n of_o that_o act_n be_v only_o to_o discharge_v the_o denounce_v man_n rebel_n upon_o such_o charge_n without_o previous_a trial_n and_o yet_o if_o the_o chief_a officer_n of_o state_n or_o at_o least_o four_o of_o they_o concur_v it_o will_v seem_v that_o by_o that_o act_n even_o such_o charge_n be_v yet_o lawful_a and_o where_o the_o king_n or_o magistrate_n have_v previous_a information_n of_o crime_n latent_fw-la it_o be_v against_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v allow_v to_o clear_v themselves_o of_o these_o by_o particular_a interrogator_n title_n xix_o of_o accusation_n and_o accuser_n 1._o the_o difference_n betwixt_o a_o accusation_n by_o way_n of_o summons_n and_o a_o indictment_n 2._o who_o may_v accuse_v by_o our_o law_n 3._o a_o minor_a can_v pursue_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o tutor_n and_o curator_n 4._o in_o what_o case_n a_o woman_n may_v pursue_v 5._o whether_o a_o person_n excommunicate_v or_o at_o the_o horn_n may_v pursue_v 6._o infamous_a person_n can_v pursue_v and_o who_o be_v such_o 7._o whether_o more_o crime_n may_v be_v pursue_v at_o once_o 8._o the_o pursuer_fw-mi must_v find_v caution_n and_o be_v punish_v if_o he_o be_v calumnious_a 9_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi must_v aliment_v i._o after_o inquisition_n be_v take_v which_o be_v not_o necessary_a but_o be_v still_o arbitrary_a with_o we_o the_o party_n be_v either_o imprison_v and_o then_o he_o be_v proceed_v against_o by_o way_n of_o inditment_n or_o he_o be_v still_o at_o liberty_n and_o then_o he_o be_v proceed_v against_o by_o a_o formal_a summons_n indictment_n come_v from_o the_o french_a enditer_n defer_v nomen_fw-la alicujus_fw-la and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n it_o differ_v from_o accusation_n in_o that_o a_o indictment_n must_v be_v always_o at_o the_o king_n instance_n and_o be_v but_o a_o bill_n and_o the_o preferrer_n of_o the_o bill_n be_v no_o way_n tie_v to_o the_o proof_n of_o it_o upon_o any_o penalty_n except_o there_o be_v conspiracy_n vid._n blunt._n dict_z angl._n verb._n enditement_n but_o a_o enditement_n with_o we_o be_v a_o schedule_n contain_v the_o accusation_n give_v to_o the_o defender_n so_o call_v as_o skeen_n say_v from_o the_o french_a word_n dict_z tu_fw-la what_o say_v thou_o for_o alter_v the_o indictment_n be_v read_v the_o judge_n ask_v the_o panel_n what_o he_o can_v answer_v to_o it_o and_o it_o differ_v only_o from_o a_o libel_v summons_n in_o that_o it_o begin_v thus_o a._n b._n you_o be_v indict_v and_o accuse_v that_o albeit_o by_o the_o law_n etc._n etc._n yet_o you_o etc._n etc._n or_o
less_o shall_v he_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v allow_v to_o examine_v the_o witness_n since_o that_o be_v not_o allow_v to_o the_o advocat_n for_o the_o defender_n advocat_n with_o we_o in_o criminal_n be_v call_v prolocutor_n 3._o no_o person_n shall_v â—lead_v or_o consult_v in_o reduction_n of_o forefaulter_n without_o leave_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n act_n 135._o ja._n 6._o parl._n 8._o but_o in_o other_o pursuit_n of_o treason_n no_o advocate_n be_v obliedge_v to_o crave_v a_o licence_n and_o even_o the_o foresay_a act_n be_v abrogate_a act_n 38._o parl._n 11._o ja._n 6._o which_o grant_v only_a liberty_n to_o plead_v in_o all_o treason_n pursue_v before_o the_o parliament_n but_o by_o the_o 90._o act._n parl._n 11._o ja._n 6._o advocat_n be_v allow_v before_o all_o court_n to_o plead_v without_o licence_n and_o power_n be_v grant_v to_o judge_n to_o compel_v they_o to_o plead_v in_o such_o case_n and_o the_o former_a restriction_n have_v be_v found_v upon_o c._n falicis_fw-la de_fw-la paenit_fw-la in_o 6._o where_o to_o plead_v for_o traitor_n be_v discharge_v nisi_fw-la concedatur_fw-la licentia_fw-la when_o advocats-assist_a panel_n especial_o in_o treason_n they_o use_v to_o protest_v that_o no_o escape_n of_o they_o in_o plead_v may_v be_v misconstruct_v since_o what_o they_o say_v be_v rather_o ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la then_o ex_fw-la proprio_fw-la motu_fw-la as_o we_o see_v in_o balmerinochs_n case_n and_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v severe_a in_o such_o case_n to_o advocat_n since_o they_o be_v accustom_v to_o much_o freedom_n and_o be_v oftentimes_o transport_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o opposition_n and_o zeal_n to_o there_o client_n nor_o will_v man_n have_v any_o to_o engage_v in_o their_o defence_n against_o such_o pursuit_n if_o this_o liberty_n be_v not_o allow_v and_o it_o be_v against_o reason_n not_o to_o allow_v it_o where_o they_o be_v force_v to_o plead_v as_o they_o ordinary_o be_v in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o yet_o if_o any_o advocate_n will_v defend_v his_o own_o escape_n against_o authority_n he_o may_v be_v punish_v by_o deprivation_n but_o his_o punishment_n extend_v no_o further_o even_o where_o he_o speak_v treason_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o senate_n of_o savoy_n cod._n fabr_n do_fw-mi de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la defin_n 19_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n procurator_n be_v admit_v for_o the_o defender_n where_o the_o pain_n to_o be_v inflict_v be_v not_o corporal_a for_o the_o reason_n why_o personal_a presence_n be_v requisite_a viz._n that_o the_o defender_n may_v undergo_v what_o be_v inflict_v do_v here_o cease_v and_o yet_o with_o we_o the_o defender_n must_v still_o be_v present_a even_o where_o the_o pain_n to_o be_v inflict_v be_v pecuniary_a such_o as_o in_o cut_v of_o green_a wood_n steal_v of_o bee_n etc._n etc._n because_o the_o certification_n of_o the_o letter_n with_o we_o be_v still_o to_o compear_v to_o under_o the_o law_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o rebellion_n and_o have_v not_o those_o word_n adjoin_v or_o to_o show_v a_o reasonable_a cause_n which_o be_v add_v in_o summons_n for_o civil_a cause_n be_v a_o sufficient_a warrant_n for_o the_o constitute_v a_o procurator_n nobleman_n likewise_o may_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n compear_v by_o their_o procurator_n but_o this_o be_v not_o allow_v with_o we_o procurators_n may_v likewise_o by_o that_o law_n be_v admit_v to_o propon_n the_o incompetency_n of_o the_o judge_n even_o in_o the_o case_n where_o there_o be_v a_o statute_n appoint_v the_o defender_n to_o compear_v personal_o which_o shall_v much_o more_o be_v allow_v with_o we_o where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o statute_n but_o where_o this_o necessity_n be_v impose_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o letter_n boss._n tit_n a_o incrimin_n num_fw-la 13.14_o faâ—in_n de_fw-fr var._n quest_n 99_o num_fw-la 168._o and_o yet_o i_o have_v see_v those_o who_o kill_v armstrong_n the_o customer_n outlaw_v july_n 1668._o albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v they_o dwell_v within_o the_o regality_n of_o annandale_n and_o so_o they_o shall_v be_v repledged_a which_o be_v repel_v because_o they_o be_v not_o present_a yet_o the_o reason_n may_v be_v because_o the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a eo_fw-la casu_fw-la and_o the_o replegiation_n be_v a_o privilege_n with_o which_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n may_v have_v dispense_v and_o so_o be_v competent_a only_o to_o he_o and_o to_o the_o defender_n who_o shall_v have_v compear_v in_o omnem_fw-la eventum_fw-la procurator_n be_v also_o allow_v to_o propone_v excuse_n for_o absent_v etc._n etc._n sine_fw-la mandato_fw-la si_fw-la excusationes_fw-la illa_fw-la sunt_fw-la facti_fw-la &_o necessariae_fw-la as_o be_v sickness_n imprisonment_n etc._n etc._n sed_fw-la ad_fw-la allegandum_fw-la causas_fw-la probabiles_fw-la &_o necessarias_fw-la absentiae_fw-la such_o as_o the_o want_n of_o a_o safe_a conduct_n requiritur_fw-la mandatum_fw-la quia_fw-la absens_fw-la iis_fw-la renunciare_fw-la potest_fw-la &_o non_fw-la constat_fw-la de_fw-fr ipsius_fw-la voluntate_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la mandatum_fw-la which_o distinction_n i_o think_v unnecessar_n because_o it_o be_v always_o presume_v that_o the_o defender_n will_v willing_o have_v himself_o defend_v and_o with_o we_o a_o mandate_n be_v not_o necessary_a if_o a_o advocate_n be_v employ_v for_o his_o gown_n be_v his_o warrant_n and_o where_o a_o advocate_n be_v employ_v i_o think_v the_o cautioner_n may_v be_v admit_v albeit_o he_o have_v no_o warrant_n quia_fw-la qui_fw-la satisdat_fw-la dicitur_fw-la habere_fw-la mandatum_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la farin_fw-mi ibid._n part_n 2._o num_fw-la 283._o and_o the_o cautioner_n defend_v himself_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la see_v if_o the_o reason_n of_o absence_n or_o essoinzie_n as_o we_o call_v it_o be_v find_v relevant_a he_o will_v not_o be_v unlaw_v and_o where_o a_o mandate_n be_v necessary_a with_o we_o which_o be_v where_o a_o advocate_n be_v not_o employ_v it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o the_o mandate_n be_v sufficient_a if_o subscribe_v only_o by_o one_o nottar_n where_o the_o party_n can_v write_v which_o though_o it_o be_v ordinary_o sustain_v yet_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la it_o shall_v be_v subscribe_v by_o two_o for_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n require_v two_o nottar_n and_o four_o witness_n in_o all_o case_n of_o great_a importance_n yet_o see_v quaelibet_fw-la levis_fw-la probatio_fw-la absentiae_fw-la sufficit_fw-la it_o will_v appear_v that_o quodlibet_fw-la mandatum_fw-la hic_fw-la sufficiat_fw-la iv._o albeit_o where_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v a_o private_a person_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o swear_v the_o libel_n yet_o where_o the_o king_n advocate_n pursue_v he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o swear_v the_o verity_n of_o the_o dittay_n because_o he_o pursue_v only_o ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la but_o i_o find_v in_o the_o same_o decision_n that_o the_o advocate_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o depone_v whether_o the_o party_n have_v give_v partial_a counsel_n the_o 10._o of_o august_n 1598._o advocatus_fw-la contra_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o dalgety_n nor_o yet_o to_o declare_v who_o be_v his_o informer_n the_o 20._o of_o april_n 1599_o advocatus_fw-la contra_fw-la john_n connel_n and_o other_o but_o this_o seem_v unreasonable_a see_v the_o defender_n shall_v not_o be_v prejudge_v by_o the_o intent_a of_o a_o pursuit_n at_o the_o advocat_n instance_n and_o jure_fw-la naturali_fw-la the_o pursuer_fw-mi or_o informer_n which_o be_v all_o one_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o witness_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v know_v who_o be_v pursuer_fw-mi without_o the_o advocate_n declare_v it_o be_v also_o a_o great_a encouragement_n to_o unjust_a pursuit_n that_o any_o person_n may_v inform_v at_o random_n without_o be_v know_v and_o the_o informer_n be_v liable_a in_o damnage_n and_o interest_n if_o he_o inform_v without_o any_o ground_n even_o though_o the_o pursuit_n be_v only_o raise_v in_o the_o name_n of_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n act_n 78._o parl._n 6._o ja._n 6._o but_o if_o the_o advocate_n may_v conceal_v lawful_o the_o informer_n name_n than_o the_o defender_n be_v preclude_v from_o all_o these_o just_a advantage_n this_o privilege_n of_o the_o advocat_n not_o swear_v the_o libel_n seem_v to_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n who_o contend_v that_o procurator_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la prestare_fw-la juramentum_fw-la calumniae_fw-la gail_n ob_n lib._n 1._o obser_n 88_o title_n xxi_o of_o libel_n and_o the_o form_n of_o process_n thereto_o relate_v 1._o a_o libel_n be_v a_o sylogism_n 2._o it_o ought_v to_o condescend_v upon_o time_n and_o place_n 3._o whether_o the_o quality_n libel_v may_v be_v pass_v from_o 4._o the_o stile_n of_o a_o criminal_a summons_n and_o indictment_n 5._o how_o a_o criminal_a summons_n ought_v to_o be_v execute_v 6._o whether_o a_o person_n who_o be_v banish_v may_v safe_o appear_v before_o the_o day_n in_o the_o citation_n 7._o how_o criminal_a action_n be_v to_o be_v call_v and_o the_o form_n thereto_o relate_v i._o a_o libel_n
panel_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o clar._n quest_n 51._o but_o i_o find_v not_o this_o term_n use_v with_o we_o till_o the_o year_n 1661._o at_o which_o time_n it_o be_v use_v first_o in_o argyles_n process_n the_o english_a call_v this_o to_o traverse_v a_o indictment_n from_o the_o french_a word_n traverser_n as_o i_o suppose_v which_o signify_v to_o oppose_v or_o cross_v when_o a_o panel_n before_o that_o time_n be_v pursue_v in_o scotland_n he_o behove_v present_o to_o propon_n his_o defence_n and_o have_v witness_n there_o present_a for_o prove_v it_o or_o else_o he_o behove_v to_o refer_v it_o to_o the_o pursuer_n witness_n for_o our_o ancestor_n think_v that_o the_o pursuer_n witness_n be_v present_a can_v not_o but_o know_v all_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n exact_o and_o so_o be_v as_o fit_a to_o prove_v the_o exculpation_n as_o the_o libel_n but_o this_o be_v a_o mistake_n for_o witness_n may_v have_v be_v present_a when_o the_o wound_n be_v give_v who_o be_v not_o present_a at_o the_o beginning_n when_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o wound_n be_v give_v whereupon_o the_o exculpation_n of_o self-defence_n be_v found_v so_o that_o other_o witness_n be_v ofttimes_o necessary_a beside_o these_o adduce_v by_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi and_o it_o be_v not_o safe_a to_o presume_v that_o these_o will_v come_v without_o a_o citation_n or_o if_o they_o come_v without_o a_o citation_n they_o be_v ultroniâ—_n and_o so_o be_v suspect_v in_o anno_fw-la 1661._o the_o justice_n do_v begin_v to_o grant_v precept_n of_o exculpation_n which_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o clerk_n and_o express_v that_o in_o respect_n there_o be_v a_o pursuit_n of_o such_o a_o nature_n intend_v against_o such_o a_o man_n and_o that_o he_o have_v defence_n to_o propon_n here_o the_o defence_n be_v express_v therefore_o the_o justice_n grant_v warrant_v to_o he_o to_o cite_v witness_n for_o prove_v thereof_o etc._n etc._n that_o this_o precept_n be_v subscribe_v only_o by_o one_o of_o the_o justice_n yet_o thereafter_o in_o anno_fw-la 1666._o the_o justice_n ordain_v that_o a_o formal_a summons_n pass_v under_o the_o signet_n of_o the_o session_n shall_v be_v grant_v for_o cite_v witness_n for_o exculpation_n and_o they_o be_v call_v now_o letter_n of_o exculpation_n which_o contain_v the_o defence_n as_o former_o the_o precept_n do_v but_o because_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n use_v to_o scruple_n to_o pass_v such_o bill_n therefore_o the_o justice_n first_o consider_v the_o defence_n and_o if_o they_o find_v it_o probable_a they_o use_v to_o subscribe_v the_o warrant_n for_o a_o bill_n which_o bill_n be_v pass_v by_o one_o of_o the_o justice_n among_o the_o common_a bill_n and_o that_o bill_n be_v the_o warrant_n of_o the_o letter_n when_o the_o panel_n be_v accuse_v and_o the_o libel_n read_v his_o advocate_n do_v propon_n the_o defence_n or_o exculpation_n v_o g._n if_o the_o libel_n be_v murder_n the_o defence_n be_v inculpata_fw-la tutela_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o after_o the_o defence_n be_v debate_v and_o either_o admit_v or_o repel_v by_o a_o express_a signator_n of_o process_n than_o the_o witness_n be_v according_o admit_v if_o the_o justice_n refuse_v to_o pass_v a_o warrant_n for_o letter_n of_o exculpation_n the_o defender_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v thereby_o prejudge_v but_o the_o diet_n will_v be_v continue_v till_o letter_n of_o exculpation_n be_v raise_v as_o be_v find_v in_o my_o lord_n rentoun_v case_n against_o the_o laird_n of_o wedderburn_n december_n 1669._o and_o though_o the_o summons_n of_o exculpation_n shall_v be_v execute_v to_o the_o same_o diet_n with_o the_o principal_a summons_n yet_o if_o the_o justice_n find_v it_o reasonable_a they_o may_v continue_v the_o diet_n and_o allow_v a_o competent_a time_n for_o raise_v exculpation_n as_o they_o do_v 13._o july_n 1676._o in_o a_o case_n pursue_v by_o mackintosh_n against_o grant_n for_o in_o remote_a shire_n the_o defender_n have_v not_o time_n to_o raise_v and_o execute_v exculpation_n to_o the_o day_n of_o compearance_n in_o the_o principal_a cause_n the_o ordinary_a defence_n be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o respectiv_a title_n to_o which_o they_o relate_v and_o it_o will_v swell_v too_o much_o and_o too_o unnecessary_o this_o title_n to_o repeat_v they_o here_o ii_o it_o be_v ordinary_o reply_v to_o defence_n of_o exculpation_n that_o they_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o pursuer_n libel_n and_o so_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v to_o probation_n and_o thus_o mr._n william_n sumervel_v be_v pursue_v for_o murder_v of_o bessy_n rentown_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o wound_n be_v not_o mortal_a as_o appear_v clear_o to_o many_o who_o see_v the_o same_o immediate_o after_o it_o be_v give_v likeas_n she_o go_v that_o night_n to_o her_o brother_n house_n three_o mile_n on_o foot_n and_o never_o take_v bed_n but_o wrought_v as_o a_o servant_n in_o her_o ordinary_a employment_n for_o twelve_o week_n and_o at_o last_o have_v go_v to_o attend_v her_o brother_n who_o die_v of_o a_o spot_a fever_n she_o be_v by_o he_o infect_v and_o die_v of_o a_o fever_n which_o defence_n of_o exculpation_n be_v repel_v decemb._n 1669._o as_o contrary_a to_o the_o libel_n wherein_o it_o be_v express_o libel_v that_o he_o give_v she_o a_o mortal_a wound_n that_o she_o die_v of_o the_o wound_n that_o he_o give_v she_o and_o i_o find_v it_o former_o repel_v 15._o july_n 1642._o cheyn_n against_o mowit_n but_o this_o principle_n viz._n that_o exculpation_n direct_o opposite_a to_o the_o libel_n shall_v not_o be_v admit_v seem_v not_o to_o be_v allowable_a for_o all_o defence_n of_o exculpation_n may_v be_v thereby_o preclude_v for_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi might_n so_o circumstantiat_fw-la his_o libel_n upon_o design_n as_o that_o the_o only_a exculpation_n which_o he_o fear_v behove_v to_o be_v contrary_a to_o his_o libel_n and_o since_o in_o scotland_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v not_o precise_o obliedge_v to_o prove_v all_o the_o quality_n which_o he_o libel_n but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o he_o prove_v the_o libel_n itself_o the_o poor_a defender_n may_v easy_o be_v cheat_v for_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi might_n libel_n all_o the_o circumstance_n exclusive_a of_o the_o exculpation_n which_o he_o fear_v and_o after_o he_o have_v thereby_o exclude_v the_o defence_n he_o may_v contend_v that_o albeit_o the_o quality_n be_v not_o prove_v yet_o the_o fact_n itself_o be_v prove_v it_o be_v sufficient_a 2._o in_o civil_a case_n some_o defence_n be_v admit_v though_o contrary_a to_o the_o libel_n as_o in_o riot_n before_o the_o council_n and_o in_o spuilzy_n and_o therefore_o they_o ought_v much_o more_o to_o be_v admit_v in_o criminal_a case_n wherein_o the_o defender_n be_v more_o favourable_a than_o he_o be_v in_o civil_a case_n 3._o if_o this_o principle_n do_v general_o hold_v than_o self-defence_n and_o casual_a homicide_n can_v never_o be_v allow_v as_o exculpation_n for_o both_o these_o be_v direct_o contrary_a to_o the_o libel_n use_v in_o the_o case_n of_o homicide_n which_o bear_v still_o premeditation_n and_o fore-thought-fellony_n but_o to_o reconcile_v these_o difference_n that_o which_o i_o find_v more_o suitable_a to_o reason_n in_o these_o indigested_a discourse_n which_o the_o doctor_n make_v upon_o this_o subject_a may_v be_v comprehend_v under_o these_o conclusion_n 1._o where_o the_o defence_n iâ—_n not_o absolute_o contrary_a to_o the_o libel_n it_o ought_v only_o to_o be_v admit_v to_o probation_n 2._o though_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o libel_n yet_o according_a to_o the_o doctor_n a_o conjunct_a probation_n shall_v be_v grant_v for_o beside_o the_o former_a reason_n i_o find_v the_o civilian_n debate_v very_o learned_o whether_o when_o the_o pursuer_n probation_n of_o the_o libel_n be_v express_o contrary_a to_o the_o probation_n lead_v by_o the_o defender_n the_o pursuer_n or_o defender_n probation_n ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v bossius_n tit_n defence_n reor_fw-la which_o question_n be_v needless_a if_o a_o mutual_a probation_n be_v not_o allow_v eo_fw-la casu_fw-la and_o boss._n there_o advise_v the_o defender_n capitulare_fw-la directe_v contrarium_fw-la ejus_fw-la quod_fw-la libellatur_fw-la and_o when_o the_o probation_n differ_v the_o ordinary_a rule_n to_o be_v follow_v be_v that_o 1._o the_o defender_n probation_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v gloss_n in_o cap_n in_o nostris_fw-la detest_v because_o it_o be_v admit_v by_o the_o presumption_n that_o nemo_fw-la presumitur_fw-la diliquisse_n boss._n ibid._n but_o if_o the_o probation_n be_v not_o equal_a the_o great_a number_n or_o these_o who_o depon_n what_o be_v most_o probable_a or_o the_o worthy_a person_n ought_v to_o be_v believe_v boss._n ibid._n how_o far_o this_o doctrine_n be_v allow_v by_o our_o practic_n will_v appear_v from_o a_o case_n decide_v in_o jun_n 1670._o in_o which_o william_n mackie_n be_v pursue_v for_o kill_a hoom_n in_o a_o single_a combat_n
knowledge_n yet_o the_o truth_n of_o that_o principle_n may_v be_v doubt_v upon_o these_o reason_n 1._o because_o by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o parliament_n par_fw-fr 11._o k._n ja._n 6._o all_o probation_n shall_v be_v lead_v in_o presence_n of_o a_o assize_n and_o panel_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o the_o private_a knowledge_n of_o assiser_n can_v be_v lay_v to_o be_v lead_v before_o they_o 2._o if_o probation_n be_v lead_v public_o defender_n may_v propon_n interrogator_n whereby_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n may_v be_v more_o full_o clear_v and_o even_o the_o witness_n own_o mistake_n may_v be_v remove_v of_o all_o which_o just_a advantage_n he_o be_v precludit_n by_o that_o principle_n 3._o the_o great_a reason_n why_o by_o the_o act_n probation_n shall_v be_v lead_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o panel_n be_v because_o in_o law_n it_o be_v presume_v a_o witness_n will_v stand_v more_o in_o awe_n to_o depon_n false_o in_o presence_n of_o the_o panel_n than_o otherwise_o for_o which_o cause_n confront_v of_o party_n and_o witness_n among_o themselves_o when_o they_o be_v contrary_a be_v much_o use_v and_o treat_v of_o by_o the_o doctor_n 4._o if_o assiser_n may_v give_v their_o verdict_n upon_o private_a knowledge_n than_o they_o can_v never_o be_v pursue_v for_o error_n because_o if_o private_a knowledge_n be_v the_o rule_n i_o can_v hardly_o understand_v how_o man_n can_v be_v convict_v as_o have_v transgress_v against_o that_o rule_n see_v albeit_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o judge_v what_o a_o man_n shall_v know_v yet_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o judge_v what_o a_o man_n do_v know_v 5._o by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o almost_o all_o divine_n and_o nation_n judices_fw-la debent_fw-la judicare_fw-la secundum_fw-la allegata_fw-la &_o probata_fw-la ix_o from_o the_o foresay_a act_n parl._n 11._o ordain_v all_o probation_n to_o be_v receive_v and_o use_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o assiser_n and_o panel_n it_o may_v be_v deduce_v by_o a_o necessary_a consequence_n that_o no_o witness_n shall_v be_v examine_v in_o criminal_o ad_fw-la futuram_fw-la rei_fw-la memoriam_fw-la and_o that_o no_o witness_n shall_v be_v examine_v by_o commission_n and_o albeit_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o in_o crimine_fw-la falsi_fw-la the_o probation_n lead_v before_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o repeat_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o assiser_n before_o who_o nothing_o be_v use_v to_o instruct_v the_o falsehood_n but_o the_o decreet_a of_o improbation_n pronounce_v by_o the_o lord_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o lord_n be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n declare_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o cognition_n of_o falsehood_n their_o sentence_n habetur_fw-la pro_fw-la veritate_fw-la and_o be_v probatio_fw-la probata_fw-la so_o thaâ—_n the_o produce_v of_o it_o be_v the_o lead_n of_o probation_n before_o the_o assize_n this_o privilege_n that_o no_o probation_n shall_v be_v lead_v but_o in_o presence_n of_o the_o panel_n and_o assize_n may_v be_v pass_v from_o by_o the_o panel_n see_v it_o be_v introduce_v in_o his_o favour_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v find_v the_o 9_o of_o march_n 1671._o that_o the_o diet_n can_v not_o be_v continue_v against_o charles_n robertson_n because_o of_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o witness_n see_v he_o be_v content_a to_o stand_v to_o the_o deposition_n former_o take_v but_o they_o cause_v he_o subscribe_v his_o consent_n after_o the_o probation_n be_v close_v the_o panel_n advocat_n make_v a_o speech_n to_o the_o assize_n wherein_o the_o term_n they_o use_v to_o they_o be_v good_a man_n of_o inquest_n and_o after_o they_o have_v end_v his_o majesty_n advocate_n speak_v but_o there_o be_v no_o duply_n or_o triply_v use_v and_o it_o be_v the_o privilege_n of_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n to_o be_v the_o last_o speaker_n which_o privilege_n be_v assume_v likewise_o by_o all_o other_o advocat_n for_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi but_o by_o the_o ten_o article_n of_o the_o regulation_n 1670._o the_o defender_n advocate_n be_v now_o the_o last_o speaker_n except_o in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o rebellion_n so_o that_o this_o privilege_n hold_v only_o in_o perduellion_n but_o not_o in_o ordinary_a treason_n x._o when_o both_o these_o discourse_n be_v end_v than_o the_o assize_n be_v enclose_v but_o before_o they_o be_v enclose_v they_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o be_v satisfy_v of_o any_o doubt_n for_o if_o after_o enclose_v any_o person_n speak_v to_o they_o or_o if_o any_o of_o they_o come_v out_o of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v enclose_v until_o the_o verdict_n be_v pronounce_v the_o panel_n be_v eo_fw-la ipso_fw-la clean_a and_o innocent_a act_n 91._o parl_n 11._o ja._n 6._o the_o reason_n inductive_a of_o which_o act_n seem_v to_o be_v fear_v of_o impress_v or_o suborn_v the_o assize_n and_o therefore_o the_o practice_n allow_v assizer_n sometime_o to_o send_v out_o some_o of_o their_o number_n to_o the_o justice_n to_o receive_v information_n in_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o find_v that_o in_o so_o do_v they_o transgress_v not_o this_o act_n as_o in_o kennedy_n case_n august_n 1662._o and_o after_o a_o full_a debate_n upon_o the_o 24._o of_o december_n 1672._o it_o be_v find_v that_o any_o of_o the_o assizer_n disclose_v and_o come_v out_o of_o the_o house_n after_o they_o have_v past_o a_o vott_n though_o the_o verdict_n be_v not_o subscribe_v be_v the_o chancellor_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o annul_v the_o verdict_n albeit_o it_o be_v here_o allege_v that_o there_o may_v be_v great_a debate_n upon_o the_o word_v of_o the_o verdict_n and_o so_o the_o assize_n shall_v not_o have_v disclose_v until_o the_o verdict_n be_v subscribe_v by_o this_o act_n likewise_o the_o assizer_n and_o not_o the_o justice_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o this_o exception_n against_o the_o verdict_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o foresay_a decision_n 1672._o wherein_o the_o justice_n find_v that_o themselves_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o relevancy_n of_o any_o such_o alledgeance_n but_o that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o assize_n to_o judge_v the_o probation_n of_o that_o exception_n though_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o assizer_n can_v not_o at_o all_o be_v judge_n thereto_o see_v they_o be_v the_o delinquent_n in_o that_o case_n and_o if_o most_o part_n of_o the_o assize_n have_v disclose_v it_o be_v absurd_a that_o they_o shall_v be_v judge_n to_o their_o own_o delinquency_n at_o that_o time_n the_o lord_n do_v likewise_o declare_v that_o if_o any_o assizer_n shall_v disclose_v before_o the_o vot_n be_v complete_a so_o that_o the_o urdict_n may_v be_v thereupon_o annul_v they_o be_v punishable_a by_o the_o justice_n and_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o repair_v the_o loss_n which_o either_o the_o king_n or_o party_n incur_v so_o that_o assizer_n be_v allow_v to_o speak_v to_o judge_n or_o advocat_n but_o be_v not_o allow_v to_o make_v any_o address_n to_o they_o after_o enclosure_n as_o say_v be_v it_o be_v likewise_o observable_a from_o this_o act_n that_o albeit_o the_o clerk_n be_v discharge_v to_o enter_v in_o where_o the_o assize_n sit_v after_o they_o have_v choose_v their_o chancellor_n yet_o defacto_fw-la the_o clerk_n sit_v still_o with_o they_o and_o it_o be_v think_v fit_a he_o shall_v do_v so_o because_o they_o be_v oft_o ignorant_a and_o unaquant_v with_o the_o form_n and_o procedure_v of_o that_o court_n they_o shall_v have_v some_o person_n to_o regulat_fw-la they_o and_o none_o so_o fit_a to_o do_v it_o as_o the_o clerk_n yet_o by_o the_o late_a regulation_n 1670._o it_o be_v appoint_v that_o the_o clerk_n shall_v not_o be_v present_a and_o sure_a the_o clerk_n be_v worth_a ten_o and_o do_v influence_n too_o much_o xi_o after_o the_o assize_n be_v enclose_v they_o choose_v a_o precedent_n who_o be_v call_v chancellor_n of_o the_o assize_n and_o proceed_v to_o read_v and_o thereafter_o to_o reason_n upon_o what_o be_v debate_n and_o their_o determination_n be_v call_v the_o verdict_n of_o the_o assize_n which_o be_v subscribe_v by_o the_o chancellor_n it_o be_v call_v verdict_n quasi_fw-la veer_fw-la dictum_fw-la and_o sometime_o it_o be_v call_v warda_fw-mi curiae_fw-la quon_n attach_v cap._n ubi_fw-la aliqua_fw-la thereafter_o the_o assizer_n enter_v again_o into_o the_o court_n and_o there_o the_o verdict_n be_v read_v and_o the_o chancellor_n stand_v up_o and_o own_v the_o same_o after_o the_o verdict_n be_v read_v it_o shall_v and_o be_v by_o the_o 9_o act_n of_o regulation_n 1670._o close_v and_o seal_v with_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o court_n of_o the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o assize_n and_o of_o so_o many_o of_o their_o number_n as_o the_o chancellor_n shall_v think_v fit_a never_o to_o be_v open_v but_o by_o order_n from_o the_o judge_n of_o which_o verdict_n the_o clerk_n be_v to_o have_v the_o keep_n and_o if_o he_o open_v the_o same_o he_o be_v to_o be_v depose_v and_o further_o punish_v as_o the_o
judge_n shall_v think_v fit_a it_o be_v think_v of_o old_a that_o assizer_n behove_v present_o to_o determine_v after_o probation_n be_v lead_v and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o dismiss_v they_o until_o they_o do_v enter_v and_o return_v their_o verdict_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o that_o opinion_n be_v because_o after_o the_o probation_n be_v lead_v there_o may_v be_v hazard_n of_o suborn_v the_o assizer_n if_o the_o matter_n be_v continue_v to_o a_o new_a day_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v likewise_o that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi find_v that_o the_o witness_n which_o he_o have_v lead_v do_v not_o prove_v he_o may_v be_v tempt_v to_o suborn_v other_o and_o i_o think_v this_o opinion_n strong_o found_v but_o yet_o in_o anno_fw-la 1665._o etc._n etc._n a_o baxter_n be_v pursue_v for_o sedition_n the_o justice_n do_v at_o my_o lord_n advocat_n earnest_a solicitation_n dissolve_v the_o court_n after_o probation_n be_v lead_v and_o continue_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o new_a diet_n but_o the_o accusation_n be_v never_o further_o prosecute_v and_o that_o procedure_v be_v think_v mali_fw-la exempli_fw-la yet_o thereafter_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n continue_v a_o assize_n who_o sit_v upon_o macknab_n for_o theft_n for_o not_o be_v clear_a to_o condemn_v upon_o a_o extrajudicial_a confession_n they_o propose_v the_o case_n after_o they_o be_v enclose_v whereupon_o the_o justice_n continue_v the_o diet_n till_o the_o next_o day_n and_o have_v consult_v the_o council_n they_o thereafter_o find_v the_o confession_n sufficient_a and_o enclose_v the_o assize_n notwithstanding_o of_o this_o objection_n november_n 1669._o xii_o when_o the_o advocate_n close_v his_o discourse_n for_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi he_o protest_v for_o a_o assize_n of_o error_n against_o the_o inquest_n if_o they_o assoilzie_a which_o protestation_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v mark_v by_o the_o clerk_n and_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi or_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n can_v pursue_v the_o inquest_n for_o error_n if_o this_o protestation_n be_v not_o use_v even_o as_o a_o qualify_a oath_n be_v not_o allow_v except_o it_o be_v protest_v for_o and_o it_o be_v debate_v in_o the_o case_n betwixt_o the_o lady_n and_o laird_n of_o milntoun_n if_o a_o reprobator_n can_v be_v raise_v where_o the_o party_n laese_v protest_v not_o for_o it_o see_v protestation_n be_v such_o solemn_a act_n as_o the_o law_n require_v in_o such_o case_n and_o they_o be_v unnecessary_a and_o superfluous_a if_o what_o be_v protest_v for_o can_v be_v allow_v without_o be_v protest_v for_o and_o the_o party_n to_o who_o such_o protestation_n be_v competent_a do_v eo_fw-la ipso_fw-la pass_v from_o his_o right_n and_o seem_v to_o acquiesce_v in_o what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v if_o he_o use_v they_o not_o vid._n durand_n specul_fw-la do_fw-mi reprobat_fw-la in_o initio_fw-la but_o this_o case_n be_v not_o decide_v yet_o the_o lord_n incline_v to_o allow_v a_o reprobature_n if_o there_o be_v reason_n for_o it_o though_o no_o protestation_n be_v use_v and_o i_o believe_v that_o action_n of_o error_n may_v be_v raise_v though_o it_o be_v not_o protest_v for_o if_o the_o verdict_n be_v quarrellable_n though_o a_o protestation_n be_v both_o more_o secure_a and_o formal_a and_o real_o there_o be_v good_a reason_n why_o it_o shall_v be_v use_v see_v the_o inquest_n be_v by_o that_o solemn_a denunciation_n and_o intimation_n warn_v of_o their_o hazard_n and_o their_o error_n because_o it_o become_v thereby_o more_o wilful_a than_o otherways_o it_o will_v be_v a_o summons_n of_o error_n be_v always_o raise_v in_o latin_a and_o upon_o parchment_n and_o be_v direct_v out_o of_o the_o chancery_n wilful_a error_n be_v that_o crime_n which_o assizer_n commit_v in_o pronounce_v a_o unjust_a verdict_n and_o by_o our_o law_n a_o assize_n condemn_v can_v be_v pursue_v tanquam_fw-la temere_fw-la jurantes_fw-la supra_fw-la asisa_fw-la as_o be_v common_o believe_v by_o the_o 63._o act_n 8._o par._n ja._n 3._o the_o reason_n of_o which_o opinion_n may_v be_v three_o 1._o it_o be_v not_o presumeable_a that_o indifferent_a person_n will_v condemn_v a_o innocent_a out_o of_o feid_v or_o favour_n though_o there_o be_v some_o reason_n to_o be_v jealous_a that_o they_o may_v be_v induce_v out_o of_o either_o pity_n or_o clemency_n to_o assoilzie_a from_o a_o crime_n full_o prove_v 2._o no_o person_n will_v be_v find_v to_o go_v upon_o a_o assize_n if_o they_o may_v be_v punish_v for_o condemn_v 3._o the_o penalty_n of_o such_o as_o temere_fw-la jurarunt_fw-la super_fw-la asisam_fw-la be_v only_a confiscation_n of_o the_o movable_a good_n cap._n 14._o lib._n regiam_fw-la maje_fw-fr whereas_o death_n will_v be_v ofttimes_o the_o punishment_n if_o such_o as_o condemn_a may_v be_v punish_v yet_o i_o be_o of_o the_o opinion_n that_o if_o the_o assizer_n do_v condemn_v a_o innocent_a without_o any_o probation_n or_o by_o palpable_a iniquity_n that_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la they_o may_v be_v punish_v and_o my_o reason_n for_o this_o opinion_n be_v 1._o that_o else_o the_o people_n will_v be_v state_v in_o a_o very_a unfortunat_a condition_n if_o not_o only_o they_o lie_v open_a to_o the_o hazard_n of_o be_v condemn_v upon_o the_o deposition_n of_o any_o two_o man_n but_o likewise_o to_o the_o arbitrariness_n of_o a_o assize_n who_o may_v condemn_v without_o any_o clear_a probation_n 2._o assizer_n be_v judge_n and_o witness_n and_o therefore_o must_v be_v liable_a to_o all_o the_o error_n for_o which_o these_o be_v accountable_a but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o if_o a_o judge_n condemn_v unjust_o or_o if_o a_o person_n be_v condemn_v upon_o the_o deposition_n of_o any_o witness_n who_o depones_fw-la false_o that_o judge_n or_o witness_v so_o depon_v be_v liable_a to_o a_o capital_a punishment_n why_o then_o shall_v a_o assizer_n be_v exempt_v see_v there_o be_v no_o express_a law_n upon_o which_o he_o can_v found_v that_o exemption_n and_o in_o answer_n to_o the_o contrary_a argument_n it_o may_v be_v contend_v that_o as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v not_o conclude_v see_v else_o it_o may_v by_o the_o same_o argument_n be_v conclude_v that_o no_o judge_n or_o witness_v can_v be_v pursue_v when_o they_o condemn_v unjust_o see_v omnis_fw-la homo_fw-la praesumitur_fw-la bone_fw-la at_o least_o perjury_n shall_v never_o be_v punish_v in_o a_o witness_n nor_o injustice_n in_o a_o judge_n decide_v unjust_o and_o by_o that_o unjust_a decision_n murder_v the_o person_n pannel_v before_o they_o because_o forsooth_o it_o be_v not_o presumeable_a that_o a_o witness_n or_o judge_n will_v murder_v a_o innocent_a by_o their_o sentence_n or_o deposition_n to_o the_o second_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o all_o man_n may_v be_v force_v to_o pass_v upon_o assize_n upon_o their_o peril_n and_o thus_o assizer_n be_v force_v though_o there_o be_v hazard_v also_o in_o assoilze_v and_o witness_n be_v force_v though_o there_o be_v great_a hazard_n in_o perjury_n if_o they_o depon_n false_o to_o the_o three_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o there_o need_v no_o law_n to_o punish_v assiâ—ers_n condemn_v unjust_o see_v they_o be_v punishable_a by_o the_o common_a law_n but_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v a_o particular_a statute_n to_o punish_v such_o as_o assoilzy_v unjust_o both_o because_o the_o common_a law_n be_v not_o so_o express_v as_o to_o this_o and_o because_o man_n may_v be_v induce_v to_o think_v that_o there_o be_v no_o great_a hazard_n in_o it_o this_o error_n in_o assizer_n be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o a_o great_a assize_n of_o twenty_o five_o noble_a person_n act_n 63._o parl._n 8._o ja._n 3._o but_o the_o person_n assoilzy_v be_v to_o be_v free_a ibid._n and_o by_o a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la of_o the_o session_n anno_fw-la 1591._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o all_o land_a gentleman_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o capacity_n to_o pass_v upon_o a_o assize_n of_o error_n though_o they_o be_v of_o quality_n and_o estate_n inferior_a to_o the_o panel_n and_o wilful_a error_n be_v only_o punishable_a in_o this_o case_n quaelibet_fw-la probabilis_fw-la causa_fw-la ignorantiae_fw-la excusat_fw-la spot_n do_fw-mi retour_n ker_n against_o hartwood-mire_n and_o by_o the_o 47._o act_n par._n 6._o ja._n 3._o it_o appear_v that_o no_o probation_n can_v be_v adduce_v to_o infer_v this_o action_n of_o error_n but_o what_o be_v at_o first_o produce_v the_o time_n of_o their_o verdict_n whereas_o any_o probation_n may_v be_v adduce_v in_o fortification_n of_o the_o verdict_n quarrel_v tantus_fw-la est_fw-la favour_n innocentiae_fw-la the_o punishment_n of_o such_o as_o be_v find_v guilty_a by_o a_o asssize_n of_o error_n be_v the_o escheat_v of_o the_o movable_n and_o a_o year_n imprisonment_n cap._n 14._o l._n 1._o reg._n maj._n which_o be_v ratify_v by_o the_o 47._o act_n 6._o parl._n ja._n 3._o where_o it_o be_v statute_v that_o wilful_a or_o ignorant_a assizer_n shall_v be_v
discover_v their_o complice_n and_o to_o confess_v the_o crime_n which_o other_o have_v deny_v in_o a_o rage_n or_o confusion_n occasion_v by_o the_o shortness_n of_o their_o respite_n with_o we_o a_o sentence_n may_v be_v present_o put_v to_o execution_n and_o the_o judge_n be_v confine_v by_o nothing_o but_o by_o his_o own_o discretion_n yet_o where_o pecuniary_a mulct_n be_v inflict_v either_o the_o panel_n be_v return_v to_o prison_n till_o he_o pay_v his_o fine_a or_o the_o act_n of_o adjournal_n bear_v ordinary_o that_o payment_n shall_v be_v make_v within_o six_o day_n and_o though_o baron_n can_v poynd_v in_o civil_a case_n upon_o less_o than_o fifteen_o day_n yet_o it_o be_v find_v that_o they_o may_v present_o poynd_v sine_fw-la ullisindiciis_fw-la legalibus_fw-la upon_o criminal_a sentence_n vii_o sentence_n be_v execute_v of_o old_a among_o the_o roman_n either_o by_o the_o common_a executioner_n or_o by_o soldier_n l._n 7._o c._n the_o cohort_n a_o instance_n whereof_o be_v clear_o to_o be_v see_v in_o our_o saviour_n passion_n and_o these_o soldier_n be_v call_v optiones_fw-la &_o speculatores_fw-la l._n 6._o ff_n de_fw-fr bon_fw-fr damnat_fw-la and_o yet_o i_o rather_o think_v that_o the_o soldier_n be_v only_a guard_n and_o never_o executioner_n and_o be_v call_v speculatores_fw-la because_o they_o be_v appoint_v to_o oversee_v the_o execution_n and_o to_o restrain_v tumult_n especial_o see_v common_a executioner_n be_v so_o infamous_a that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v advance_v ever_o thereafter_o to_o any_o sacred_a order_n c._n clericum_fw-la distinct_a 50._o and_o i_o remember_v to_o have_v see_v the_o executioner_n of_o st._n johnstoun_n repel_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n from_o be_v a_o witness_n that_o the_o justice_n may_v force_v any_o of_o the_o magistrate_n of_o a_o town_n to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o executioner_n if_o they_o want_v one_o be_v i_o think_v without_o all_o warrant_n see_v officium_fw-la nemini_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la damnosum_fw-la and_o no_o man_n will_v be_v a_o magistrate_n if_o that_o be_v allow_v but_o i_o think_v that_o the_o magistrate_n may_v be_v fine_v for_o negligence_n if_o they_o omit_v to_o appoint_v one_o and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n i_o think_v that_o the_o magistrate_n can_v force_v any_o mean_a person_n who_o lead_v a_o honest_a life_n to_o be_v a_o executioner_n albeit_o clar._n §_o fin._n quest_n 99_o num_fw-la 4._o and_o gomes_n lib._n 3._o cap._n ult_n num_fw-la 5._o do_v assert_v that_o the_o judge_n may_v force_v any_o ex_fw-la infima_fw-la plebe_fw-la to_o officiat_fw-la in_o that_o employment_n and_o yet_o their_o opinion_n agree_v with_o our_o custom_n the_o executioner_n have_v right_a to_o the_o clothes_n pannicularia_fw-la of_o the_o person_n execute_v by_o our_o custom_n and_o per._n l._n d._n hadrianus_n ff_n de_fw-fr bon_fw-fr dam._n but_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o body_n of_o the_o person_n execute_v can_v not_o of_o old_a be_v bury_v without_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o prince_n ff_n de_fw-mi cadav_fw-mi punitor_n which_o be_v antiquate_v per._n l._n obnoxius_fw-la c._n de_fw-fr relig_n &_o sumpt_n fun_n and_o by_o our_o custom_n wherein_o the_o person_n execute_v may_v be_v bury_v in_o all_o case_n though_o the_o friend_n of_o the_o person_n condemn_v for_o treason_n can_v assist_v on_o the_o scaffold_n or_o wear_v mourning_n by_o our_o custom_n except_o the_o council_n give_v express_v consent_n viii_o if_o the_o defender_n be_v absent_a then_o upon_o a_o act_n of_o adjournal_n he_o be_v to_o be_v denounce_v rebel_n or_o outlaw_v as_o the_o english_a and_o our_o old_a statute_n call_v it_o and_o though_o if_o the_o punishment_n be_v capital_a or_o the_o fine_a be_v for_o his_o majesty_n use_n the_o clerk_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n can_v only_o write_v the_o letter_n yet_o if_o the_o fine_a be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o any_o private_a person_n any_o writer_n to_o the_o signet_n may_v write_v the_o letter_n and_o though_o the_o 126._o act_n 1._o parl._n ja._n 6._o appoint_v that_o all_o criminal_a letter_n shall_v not_o be_v registrat_n as_o other_o letter_n but_o return_v to_o the_o adjournal_n yet_o the_o praxi_fw-la such_o horning_n be_v sometime_o registrat_n in_o the_o ordinary_a register_n of_o horning_n likea_n albeit_o the_o escheat_n of_o he_o who_o be_v denunce_v can_v fall_v upon_o a_o denounciation_n at_o the_o mercat_n cross_n of_o edinburgh_n though_o caption_n may_v be_v raise_v upon_o such_o a_o execution_n yet_o criminal_a letter_n may_v be_v execute_v at_o edinburgh_n or_o any_o mercat_n cross_n where_o the_o justice_n court_n do_v sit_v in_o which_o the_o sentence_n be_v pronounce_v act_n 140._o parl._n 8._o k._n ja._n 6._o upon_o production_n of_o the_o regâ—strat_n hoâ—ning_n letter_n of_o intercommune_v be_v grant_v upon_o a_o common_a bill_n pass_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n by_o which_o all_o the_o liege_n be_v discharge_v to_o intercommune_v with_o the_o rebel_n which_o must_v be_v execute_v at_o the_o mercat_n cross_n of_o the_o respective_a shire_n and_o registrat_n there_o or_o in_o the_o general_a register_n upon_o the_o denunciation_n immediate_o the_o single_a escheat_n fall_v and_o after_o remain_v at_o the_o horn_n for_o year_n and_o day_n the_o life-rent_a escheat_n fall_v which_o custom_n we_o have_v borrow_v from_o saxony_n with_o most_o of_o our_o other_o form_n for_o with_o they_o si_fw-la reus_fw-la fugitivus_fw-la in_o primum_fw-la sive_fw-la simplex_fw-la bannum_fw-la sit_fw-la declaratus_fw-la nec_fw-la intra_fw-la annum_fw-la &_o diem_fw-la se_fw-la purgaverit_fw-la sed_fw-la annum_fw-la &_o diem_fw-la prorogare_fw-la passus_fw-la sit_fw-la in_fw-la bannum_fw-la superuis_fw-la incidit_fw-la vid._n carpz_n pract_n crim_n part_n 3._o quest_n 140._o num_fw-la 80._o from_o who_o also_o we_o have_v our_o stile_n of_o declare_v escheat_n upon_o the_o registrat_n horning_n caption_n be_v raise_v and_o if_o the_o messenger_n be_v deforce_v in_o the_o execution_n thereof_o then_o the_o council_n grant_v commission_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n which_o be_v but_o a_o caption_n for_o inbr_v the_o malefactor_n who_o resist_v the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o law_n and_o in_o my_o opinion_n letter_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n may_v be_v grant_v though_o the_o malefactor_n have_v not_o deforce_v if_o it_o be_v not_o our_o that_o the_o malefactor_n be_v not_o to_o be_v reduce_v in_o the_o ordinar_n way_n for_o it_o be_v unreasonable_a to_o expose_v his_o majesty_n law_n to_o contempt_n and_o his_o officer_n to_o certain_a hazard_n as_o in_o the_o case_n where_o a_o person_n be_v denounce_v fugitive_n for_o deforce_v messenger_n or_o have_v convocat_n loose_a man_n and_o life_n in_o open_a rapine_n it_o be_v against_o sense_n that_o a_o new_a deforcement_n be_v necessary_a but_o their_o commission_n be_v never_o grant_v but_o in_o criminal_a case_n and_o yet_o i_o remember_v that_o one_o be_v grant_v to_o mackintosh_n against_o lochiel_n after_o that_o mackintosh_n have_v obtain_v decreet_n of_o remove_a and_o have_v raise_v letter_n of_o ejection_n but_o the_o sheriff_n have_v declare_v that_o he_o dare_v not_o eject_v for_o the_o council_n think_v ti_fw-mi not_o just_a to_o expose_v the_o sheriff_n to_o certain_a hazard_n and_o yet_o the_o ordinar_n course_n be_v that_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v offer_v to_o eject_v and_o if_o he_o be_v deforce_v than_o the_o case_n become_v criminal_a and_o some_o think_v that_o the_o execution_n of_o deforcement_n be_v not_o sufficient_a in_o that_o case_n without_o a_o sentence_n ensue_v on_o it_o and_o that_o the_o deforcer_n be_v registrat_n at_o the_o horn_n thereupon_o but_o other_o think_v that_o as_o in_o civil_a case_n letter_n of_o second_o caption_n be_v grant_v where_o the_o first_o caption_n can_v take_v effect_n so_o in_o case_n of_o extraordinar_a opposition_n to_o authority_n letter_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n be_v grant_v upon_o a_o mere_a execution_n that_o the_o ordinar_n course_n of_o law_n can_v take_v effect_n ix_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v what_o a_o judge_n ought_v to_o do_v if_o after_o sentence_n the_o innocence_n of_o the_o person_n condemn_v shall_v be_v convince_o clear_v in_o which_o case_n the_o answer_n be_v that_o the_o judge_n can_v rescind_v his_o own_o sentence_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d l._n 56._o basil._n de_fw-fr paen_fw-la but_o he_o ought_v to_o acquaint_v the_o council_n and_o they_o may_v intercede_v for_o his_o remission_n l._n 27._o de_fw-la paen_fw-la l._n 1._o §_o ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr quest_n the_o council_n may_v prorogat_v also_o the_o diet_n appoint_v for_o execution_n but_o i_o think_v the_o justice_n and_o much_o less_o inferior_a judge_n can_v prorogat_n diet_n appoint_v for_o execution_n even_o by_o themselves_o since_o they_o be_v functi_fw-la by_o the_o pronounce_v of_o the_o doom_n though_o some_o ignorant_a judge_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la prorogat_fw-la execution_n and_o as_o they_o can_v even_o before_o sentence_n remit_v so_o neither_o can_v they_o prorogat_v for_o any_o long_a time_n for_o else_o prorogation_n may_v be_v lengthen_v so_o as_o to_o become_v remission_n upon_o the_o the_o matter_n the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o doubt_n viz._n whether_o a_o person_n once_o absolve_v may_v be_v thereafter_o pursue_v for_o the_o same_o crime_n be_v more_o intricat_a but_o may_v be_v somewhat_o clear_v by_o these_o position_n 1._o the_o same_o party_n can_v upon_o new_a probation_n much_o less_o upon_o the_o old_a probation_n accuse_v a_o person_n once_o assoilzy_v by_o a_o assize_n though_o he_o may_v accuse_v the_o assize_n who_o assoilzy_v he_o of_o wilful_a error_n and_o that_o even_o though_o he_o shall_v thereafter_o willing_o confess_v the_o crime_n for_o which_o he_o be_v former_o accuse_v though_o farin_n quest_n 4._o num_fw-la 43._o think_v that_o he_o may_v be_v again_o pursue_v and_o i_o shall_v think_v that_o confession_n savour_v too_o much_o of_o madness_n to_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o criminal_a sentence_n 2._o though_o the_o pursuit_n be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v yet_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n can_v again_o pursue_v upon_o the_o pretence_n of_o res_fw-la inter_fw-la alius_fw-la acta_fw-la for_o that_o be_v to_o keep_v people_n in_o a_o constant_a suspense_n 3._o if_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi do_v collude_v with_o the_o defender_n so_o that_o the_o defender_n be_v assoilzy_v by_o a_o white_a assize_n in_o abstract_v the_o necessary_a probation_n i_o think_v in_o that_o case_n his_o own_o fraud_n shall_v not_o secure_v he_o reg._n maj._n lib._n 4._o cap._n 28._o si_fw-la per_fw-la calumniam_fw-la procedat_fw-la vid._n cap._n 2._o de_fw-la collus_fw-la de_fw-fr teg_n but_o though_o the_o defender_n be_v assoilzy_v by_o collusion_n betwixt_o the_o defender_n friend_n and_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi yet_o i_o think_v the_o defender_n can_v again_o be_v reconveen_v for_o the_o same_o crime_n since_o he_o be_v innocent_a though_o the_o collusion_n be_v advantageous_a to_o he_o x._o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o offender_n all_o punishment_n cease_v except_o in_o treason_n &_o crimine_fw-la repetundarum_fw-la or_o missimployment_n of_o public_a money_n in_o caeteris_fw-la vero_fw-la criminibus_fw-la ita_fw-la demum_fw-la pro_fw-la delictis_fw-la paena_fw-la ab_fw-la haerede_fw-la incipere_fw-la potest_fw-la si_fw-la vivo_fw-la reo_fw-la accusatio_fw-la mota_fw-la est_fw-la l._n ex_fw-la judiciorum_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr accus_fw-la so_o that_o by_o that_o law_n if_o the_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a against_o the_o father_n it_o may_v have_v continue_v against_o the_o son_n to_o infer_v a_o pecunial_a mulct_n but_o this_o last_o hold_v not_o with_o we_o among_o who_o no_o probation_n can_v be_v lead_v in_o absence_n except_o in_o treason_n but_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o a_o civil_a pursuit_n may_v be_v sustain_v for_o damnage_n and_o interest_n and_o expense_n of_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n even_o against_o the_o malefactor_n heir_n as_o be_v also_o decide_v by_o the_o senate_n of_o savoy_n cod._n fab._n tit_n de_fw-fr accusat_fw-la def_n 15._o finis_fw-la