to_o punish_v their_o fellow_n subject_n with_o the_o utmost_a or_o beyond_o the_o rigour_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o those_o law_n and_o whereas_o one_o of_o the_o late_a act_n allow_v a_o appeal_n it_o may_v yet_o seem_v hard_a for_o a_o englishman_n to_o be_v put_v to_o that_o aftergame_n of_o a_o hopeless_a trial_n of_o his_o appeal_n by_o a_o jury_n when_o he_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o first_o legal_a guard_n a_o grand_a jury_n to_o who_o by_o the_o laudable_a and_o ancient_a usage_n of_o england_n all_o presentment_n and_o indictment_n in_o criminal_a matter_n do_v belong_v and_o it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o person_n who_o be_v bring_v into_o this_o trouble_n may_v be_v under_o great_a difficulty_n whether_o to_o desire_v or_o how_o to_o manage_v his_o appeal_n when_o perhaps_o all_o his_o good_n by_o sell_v whereof_o he_o may_v provide_v money_n to_o deposit_v as_o the_o law_n require_v before_o he_o can_v be_v admit_v to_o appeal_v be_v take_v from_o he_o by_o distress_n and_o at_o last_o his_o appeal_n shall_v be_v try_v before_o the_o same_o justice_n that_o inflict_v the_o penalty_n on_o he_o and_o also_o that_o the_o prosecution_n at_o the_o trial_n shall_v be_v manage_v by_o the_o informer_n who_o be_v to_o be_v sharer_n of_o the_o profit_n they_o can_v get_v by_o the_o poor_a man_n ruin_n these_o be_v some_o of_o the_o consideration_n i_o can_v not_o omit_v to_o mention_v together_o with_o my_o wish_n that_o the_o good_a reputation_n of_o our_o ancient_a law_n may_v not_o be_v cloud_v by_o any_o more_o such_o new_a law_n as_o herein_o seem_v to_o imitate_v ecclesiastical_a court_n where_o proceed_n be_v without_o jury_n which_o it_o seem_v some_o of_o our_o clergy_n in_o time_n past_a do_v think_v to_o bring_v to_o pass_v whereof_o though_o i_o can_v mention_v some_o instance_n i_o shall_v only_o cite_v one_o full_o to_o our_o purpose_n out_o of_o the_o lord_n coke_n 2d_o part_n of_o institutes_n be_v his_o exposition_n on_o some_o statute_n fol._n 599_o etc._n etc._n where_o he_o say_v it_o will_v conduce_v much_o to_o the_o understanding_n of_o this_o matter_n to_o report_v unto_o you_o what_o article_n archbishop_n bancrost_a exhibit_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o clergy_n in_o michaelmas_n term_n 3_o jacobi_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n against_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n entitle_v certain_a article_n of_o abuse_n which_o be_v desire_v to_o be_v reform_v in_o grant_v prohibition_n and_o the_o answer_n thereunto_o upon_o mature_a deliberation_n and_o consideration_n in_o easter_n term_n follow_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n with_o one_o unanimous_a consent_n under_o their_o hand_n resolution_n which_o be_v by_o they_o deliver_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n and_o for_o distinction-sake_n because_o there_o may_v be_v occasion_n often_o to_o cite_v they_o called_z articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la 3_o jacobi_n these_o article_n and_o their_o answer_n be_v very_o long_o i_o must_v refer_v to_o be_v there_o read_v as_o be_v very_o material_a to_o be_v know_v how_o the_o clergy_n endeavour_v to_o get_v the_o multitude_n of_o business_n into_o their_o court_n to_o be_v determine_v without_o juries_n and_o so_o encroach_v upon_o and_o alter_v the_o course_n therein_o of_o our_o good_a english_a law_n and_o government_n at_o the_o end_n of_o those_o article_n and_o answer_n the_o same_o author_n further_o say_v that_o the_o clergy_n claim_v to_o interpret_v all_o statute-law_n concern_v the_o clergy_n but_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n that_o the_o interpretation_n of_o statute_n concern_v the_o clergy_n be_v a_o parcel_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n belong_v to_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o say_v magna_fw-la est_fw-la veritas_fw-la &_o praevalet_fw-la to_o which_o as_o agree_v to_o the_o truth_n thereof_o i_o may_v add_v lex_fw-la angliae_fw-la optima_fw-la est_fw-la &_o praevalebit_fw-la i_o will_v not_o have_v any_o of_o our_o present_a clergy_n think_v i_o reflect_v on_o they_o for_o i_o true_o and_o hearty_o honour_n some_o of_o our_o bishop_n and_o dignify_v clergy_n and_o any_o other_o of_o they_o who_o soundness_n of_o doctrine_n great_a learning_n and_o good_a and_o sober_a life_n be_v and_o may_v be_v example_n for_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o for_o who_o sake_n i_o bear_v civil_a respect_n to_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v not_o altogether_o so_o praise_v worthy_a as_o those_o good_a and_o most_o reverend_a man_n to_o who_o i_o bear_v my_o chief_a respect_n but_o shall_v say_v no_o more_o of_o any_o of_o they_o here_o but_o that_o i_o hope_v they_o will_v leave_v off_o severe_a punish_v their_o fellow-christians_a and_o for_o bear_v one_o another_o col._n 3._o 13_o and_o study_v to_o be_v quiet_a and_o meddle_v with_o their_o own_o business_n 1_o thes._n 4._o 11._o and_o that_o by_o a_o review_v of_o these_o law_n these_o thing_n will_v in_o due_a time_n receive_v prudent_a and_o gentle_a as_o well_o as_o sufficient_a cure_n and_o remedy_n in_o parliament_n and_o now_o sir_n i_o hope_v you_o will_v pardon_v i_o for_o have_v perhaps_o be_v too_o tedious_a see_v your_o excellent_a treatise_n contain_v so_o much_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o juries_n that_o all_o that_o i_o can_v say_v may_v seem_v needless_a and_o you_o may_v think_v fit_a to_o lay_v aside_o what_o i_o have_v write_v yet_o if_o it_o only_o have_v the_o effect_n to_o dispose_v you_o to_o let_v we_o know_v to_o who_o we_o owe_v our_o acknowledgement_n for_o your_o so_o good_a book_n which_o be_v fit_a for_o every_o englishman_n who_o may_v think_v himself_o concern_v in_o our_o right_n to_o read_v and_o understand_v i_o shall_v think_v it_o enough_o to_o testify_v that_o among_o those_o you_o will_v infinite_o oblige_v thereby_o i_o shall_v desire_v to_o be_v dec._n 29._o 1681._o your_o friend_n and_o servant_n j._n m._n i_o shall_v here_o add_v a_o necessary_a post_n script_n concern_v 3_o h._n 7._o cap._n 1._o wherein_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n how_o in_o some_o special_a case_n a_o jury_n of_o enquiry_n may_v be_v fine_v that_o it_o only_o concern_v such_o matter_n and_o offence_n whereof_o indictment_n may_v be_v bring_v before_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n in_o their_o county_n session_n if_o the_o matter_n plain_a and_o full_o prove_v and_o they_o wilful_o conceal_v the_o same_o the_o say_a justice_n of_o the_o peace_n may_v cause_v a_o new_a inquest_n to_o be_v return_v but_o the_o word_n take_v inquest_n do_v not_o give_v the_o justice_n power_n to_o name_n who_o shall_v be_v return_v which_o be_v the_o sheriff_n office_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v only_o and_o purposely_o to_o inquire_v of_o such_o concealment_n and_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o inquire_v of_o any_o other_o offence_n whatsoever_o and_o then_o after_o such_o wilful_a concealment_n be_v find_v by_o such_o inquest_n the_o same_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n in_o the_o county_n session_n may_v fine_v the_o jury_n of_o the_o former_a inquest_n by_o which_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o say_a clause_n of_o the_o say_a act_n of_o 3_o h._n 7._o do_v full_o and_o clear_o prove_v that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n juries_n be_v not_o finable_a concern_v their_o presentment_n indictment_n and_o verdict_n and_o even_o that_o clause_n since_o that_o time_n be_v one_o hundred_o ninety_o and_o four_o year_n or_o thereabouts_o have_v seldom_o or_o never_o be_v use_v our_o book_n of_o report_n of_o lawcase_n not_o afford_v any_o plain_a or_o full_a instance_n of_o any_o proceed_v on_o that_o clause_n of_o that_o statute_n therefore_o it_o may_v seem_v as_o littleton_n say_v in_o his_o book_n sect._n 108._o that_o in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v never_o see_v or_o hear_v that_o any_o action_n be_v bring_v on_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n which_o be_v make_v 20_o h._n 3._o for_o the_o matter_n he_o treat_v of_o in_o that_o section_n no_o action_n can_v be_v bring_v thereon_o for_o if_o any_o action_n may_v have_v be_v bring_v for_o that_o matter_n it_o shall_v be_v intend_v that_o it_o will_v some_o time_n or_o other_o have_v be_v put_v in_o ure_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v the_o ld._n coke_n in_o his_o comment_n on_o that_o place_n and_o also_o the_o judge_n in_o their_o argument_n on_o a_o late_a case_n of_o action_n bring_v on_o the_o statute_n about_o the_o return_n of_o member_n of_o parliament_n do_v cite_v the_o say_a place_n of_o littleton_n by_o which_o appear_v concern_v such_o unusual_a manner_n of_o final_a jury_n by_o the_o clause_n of_o 3_o h._n 7._o how_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v great_a caution_n in_o execute_v any_o act_n or_o statute_n where_o they_o alter_v the_o common_a law_n and_o course_n thereof_o see_v that_o act_n of_o 3_o h._n 7._o in_o that_o particular_a and_o other_o memorable_a thing_n therein_o make_v then_o such_o alteration_n of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n as_o i_o forbear_v any_o further_a here_o to_o mention_v finis_fw-la
also_o no_o punishment_n whatever_o lie_v for_o or_o against_o a_o jury_n which_o consist_v of_o above_o twelve_o man_n 14._o h._n 7._o 13._o nor_o do_v attaint_v ever_o lie_v where_o the_o witness_n be_v not_o on_o oath_n or_o for_o go_v against_o what_o any_o such_o witness_n say_v nor_o in_o any_o appeal_n of_o maim_v murder_n or_o felony_n f._n n._n b._n 107._o nor_o in_o other_o appeal_v as_o regist._n 122._o attaint_n 59_o 62._o &_o 22_o ass._n 82._o say_v nor_o do_v ever_o any_o action_n lie_v against_o any_o jury_n for_o go_v against_o their_o evidence_n and_o where_o a_o attaint_n be_v bring_v it_o must_v be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o twenty_o four_o men._n the_o only_a case_n the_o judge_n have_v any_o power_n over_o juries_n in_o be_v where_o in_o their_o behaviour_n they_o become_v guilty_a of_o any_o such_o thing_n as_o the_o judge_n may_v just_o call_v a_o unlawful_a contempt_n 4_o e._n 4._o 27._o 36_o h._n 6._o 27._o or_o be_v guilty_a of_o embracery_n 5_o e._n 3._o c._n 10._o 34_o e._n 3._o c._n 8._o as_o receive_v bribe_n promise_n etc._n etc._n before_o or_o at_o the_o trial_n etc._n etc._n or_o in_o case_n of_o concealment_n the_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n of_o every_o shire_n etc._n etc._n may_v take_v by_o their_o discretion_n a_o enquest_n etc._n etc._n to_o inquire_v of_o the_o concealment_n of_o other_o inquest_n take_v afore_o they_o and_o afore_o other_o of_o such_o matter_n and_o offence_n as_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v and_o present_v afore_o justice_n of_o peace_n whereof_o complaint_n shall_v be_v make_v by_o bill_n or_o bill_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o any_o such_o concealment_n be_v find_v of_o any_o enquest_n etc._n etc._n have_v or_o make_v within_o one_o year_n etc._n etc._n the_o justice_n may_v amerce_v or_o fine_a they_o at_o discretion_n 3_o h._n 7._o c._n 1._o viz._n as_o much_o as_o be_v reasonable_a for_o such_o offence_n as_o be_v say_v in_o a_o like_a case_n by_o lord_n coke_n 10._o 140._o and_o in_o dalton_n p._n 541_o 23._o if_o any_o refuse_v to_o be_v on_o a_o jury_n not_o offer_v sufficient_a excuse_n he_o be_v finable_a 7_o h._n 6._o 12._o so_o if_o any_o of_o either_o jury_n give_v a_o verdict_n etc._n etc._n as_o aforesaid_a twelve_o not_o agree_v so_o the_o grand_a jury_n may_v not_o discover_v evidence_n give_v they_o inst._n 3._o 107._o mich._n 15_o jaâ—_n in_o b._n r._n smith_n and_o hill_n case_n 27_o ass._n 63._o lamb._n 402._o chron._n 207_o 272._o finch_n 20._o so_o the_o petty-iury_n if_o without_o licence_n of_o court_n depart_v any_o whither_o upon_o any_o occasion_n whatsoever_o after_o swear_v before_o verdict_n give_v or_o that_o while_n but_o especial_o after_o evidence_n give_v eat_v or_o drink_v or_o out_o of_o court_n receive_v any_o evidence_n from_o either_o side_n may_v expect_v fine_a and_o imrisonment_n thus_o much_o for_o what_o a_o jury_n may_v do_v now_o something_o more_o how_o and_o what_o it_o ought_v to_o do_v the_o oath_n itself_o but_o that_o it_o be_v so_o general_a will_v else_o be_v instruction_n as_o well_o as_o obligation_n sufficient_a the_o oath_n of_o a_o grand_a juryman_n be_v i_o will_v diligent_o inquire_v and_o true_a presentment_n make_v of_o all_o such_o thing_n and_o matter_n as_o shall_v be_v give_v i_o in_o charge_n or_o shall_v come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n concern_v this_o present_a service_n the_o king_n council_n my_o own_o and_o my_o fellow_n i_o well_o and_o will_v true_o keep_v secret_a i_o will_v present_v nothing_o for_o malice_n lucre_n or_o evil_a will_n nor_o will_v i_o leave_v any_o thing_n unpresented_a for_o love_n favour_n affection_n reward_n or_o any_o hope_n thereof_o but_o in_o all_o thing_n that_o shall_v concern_v this_o present_a service_n i_o will_v present_v the_o truth_n the_o whole_a truth_n and_o nothing_o else_o but_o the_o truth_n so_o help_v i_o god_n the_o oath_n of_o the_o petty-iury_n be_v i_o will_v well_o and_o truly-try_a and_o true_a deliverance_n make_v between_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o the_o prisoner_n at_o the_o bar_n according_a to_o my_o evidence_n so_o help_v i_o god_n that_o of_o the_o grand-iury_n be_v part_n of_o it_o ancient_o quod_fw-la neminem_fw-la accusare_fw-la velint_fw-la innocentem_fw-la to_o accuse_v no_o person_n innocent_a ll._n ethelred_n and_o pour_fw-fr rien_fw-fr ne_fw-fr leuray_fw-fr que_fw-fr je_fw-fr verity_n ne_fw-fr diray_fw-fr nothing_o shall_v hinder_v i_o from_o speak_v the_o truth_n brit._n 12._o 135._o crompt_v 304._o the_o scripture_n teach_v one_o his_o duty_n upon_o a_o oath_n it_o say_v one_o must_v swear_v in_o truth_n in_o justice_n and_o judgement_n jer._n c._n 4._o deut._n c._n 16._o exod._n c._n 20._o dan._n c._n 5._o levit._fw-la c._n 14._o zech._n c._n 13._o act_n c._n 5._o and_o the_o proverb_n in_o several_a place_n in_o truth_n with_o one_o eye_n neither_o in_o a_o telescope_n or_o microscope_n not_o proceed_v by_o appearance_n or_o seemingness_n of_o thing_n not_o by_o add_v nor_o diminish_v not_o by_o aggravate_v or_o palliate_v not_o by_o equivocation_n or_o reservation_n not_o by_o represent_v or_o accept_n the_o matter_n otherwise_o than_o real_o and_o true_o it_o be_v not_o present_v etc._n etc._n thing_n etc._n etc._n doubtful_a or_o not_o certain_o true_a as_o true_a nor_o omit_v any_o thing_n certain_o true_a but_o always_o as_o the_o naked_a truth_n be_v so_o and_o so_o in_o judgement_n not_o at_o a_o venture_n as_o by_o cast_v die_n etc._n etc._n not_o as_o matter_n of_o form_n not_o rash_o perfunctory_o or_o negligent_o pass_v or_o run_v over_o thing_n not_o by_o implicit_a faith_n or_o in_o complemental_a obedience_n etc._n etc._n not_o upon_o trust_n or_o belief_n further_o than_o with_o and_o upon_o good_a and_o great_a deliberation_n considerateness_n reason_v and_o satisfaction_n according_a to_o one_o own_o conscience_n and_o because_o one_o mature_a and_o settle_a judgement_n be_v so_o and_o so_o in_o justice_n proceed_v fair_o impartial_o with_o integrity_n and_o according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n without_o charge_v one_o with_o murder_n that_o be_v guilty_a but_o of_o man_n slaughter_n and_o without_o malice_n fear_v hope_v pity_v favour_n affection_n passion_n corruption_n or_o other_o prejudice_n byas_n consideration_n or_o private_a or_o sinister_a end_n or_o design_n but_o all_o throughout_o pure_o because_o be_v so_o and_o so_o more_o than_o otherwise_o and_o consonant_n to_o scripture_n as_o well_o as_o general_o in_o all_o other_o thing_n so_o also_o in_o this_o be_v even_a moral_n and_o politic_n the_o wise_a man_n so_o call_v of_o greece_n be_v call_v so_o from_o their_o live_n prudent_o just_o and_o honest_o such_o also_o be_v they_o aristotle_n call_v so_o 1_o metaph_n etc._n etc._n the_o stoic_n say_v he_o be_v the_o wise_a man_n that_o stick_v to_o truth_n neque_fw-la quicquam_fw-la fingit_fw-la and_o abhor_v and_o banish_v every_o thing_n else_o not_o so_o much_o as_o admit_v of_o any_o story_n fiction_n etc._n etc._n whatsoever_o machiavelli_n say_v judex_n cujusquam_fw-la gratiae_fw-la nec_fw-la potentiae_fw-la cedet_fw-la neque_fw-la misericordia_fw-la nec_fw-la inuidia_fw-la nec_fw-la odio_fw-la comovebitur_fw-la sed_fw-la veer_fw-la semper_fw-la &_o incorrupte_v ex_fw-la legibus_fw-la judicabit_fw-la judge_n must_v not_o be_v move_v for_o the_o power_n of_o any_o one_o nor_o for_o any_o one_o sake_n one_o way_n or_o other_o nor_o with_o pity_n or_o ill_a will_n but_o always_o go_v according_a to_o law_n true_o and_o without_o byas_n justinian_n speak_v of_o judge_n say_z eorum_fw-la est_fw-la manus_fw-la puras_fw-la deo_fw-la imperatori_fw-la &_o legi_fw-la praestare_fw-la they_o must_v be_v inoffensive_a to_o god_n the_o king_n and_o the_o law_n non_fw-la illum_fw-la populi_fw-la fasces_fw-la non_fw-la purpura_fw-la regum_fw-la flectunt_fw-la no_o acclamation_n of_o the_o people_n no_o honour_n of_o the_o king_n neither_o of_o these_o move_v they_o contra_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la nec_fw-la contra_fw-la jus_o jurandum_fw-la amici_fw-la causa_fw-la vir_fw-la bone_fw-la non_fw-la faciet_fw-la against_o the_o common_a good_a or_o a_o oath_n no_o man_n will_v stir_v a_o inch_n if_o honest_a though_o it_o be_v for_o a_o friend_n sake_n judex_n ponit_fw-la personam_fw-la amici_fw-la cum_fw-la judicis_fw-la induit_fw-la judge_v hales_n be_v a_o friend_n as_o hales_n but_o none_o as_o a_o judge_n si_fw-mi omne_fw-la facienda_fw-la sint_fw-la quae_fw-la amici_fw-la velint_fw-la non_fw-la amicitiae_fw-la tale_n sed_fw-la conjurationes_fw-la putandae_fw-la sunt_fw-la cicero_n what_o a_o judge_n do_v at_o the_o request_n of_o his_o friend_n be_v real_o and_o true_o no_o friendship_n but_o be_v make_v himself_o and_o friend_n guilty_a both_o of_o a_o crime_n the_o areopagite_n be_v judges_z that_o hear_v cause_n only_o in_o the_o dark_a that_o they_o may_v take_v notice_n what_o be_v say_v and_o not_o who_o speak_v and_o what_o be_v say_v of_o judge_n by_o these_o author_n
private_a judgement_n such_o a_o verdict_n etc._n etc._n though_o never_o so_o true_a and_o good_a in_o itself_o yet_o make_v the_o party_n or_o party_n as_o aforesaid_a not_o satisfy_v certain_o forswear_v at_o least_o in_o foro_fw-la conscientiae_fw-la as_o to_o their_o conscience_n for_o perjury_n be_v not_o only_o a_o lie_n confirm_v by_o oath_n but_o likewise_o either_o when_o any_o one_o be_v deceive_v and_o believe_v that_o to_o be_v true_a which_o be_v not_o rash_o or_o unadvised_o swear_v it_o to_o be_v true_a or_o either_o when_o any_o one_o think_v a_o thing_n not_o true_a swear_v it_o be_v true_a though_o indeed_o it_o be_v true_a flet._n 334._o bract._n 288_o 289_o 292._o and_o all_o the_o casuist_n so_o be_v see_v in_o palmer_n report_n one_o be_v indict_v and_o punish_v for_o swear_v a_o thing_n so_o and_o so_o because_o he_o do_v not_o know_v it_o to_o be_v true_a as_o he_o swear_v so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a one_o may_v see_v a_o judge_n ought_v not_o to_o meddle_v at_o all_o with_o the_o jury_n if_o he_o differ_v not_o with_o they_o it_o be_v needless_a and_o troublesome_a if_o he_o differ_v they_o be_v not_o to_o mind_v he_o take_v it_o which_o way_n one_o will_n but_o perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v urge_v that_o this_o must_v be_v understand_v only_o as_o to_o try_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o that_o however_o as_o to_o matter_n of_o law_n the_o jury_n ought_v always_o to_o be_v advise_v and_o govern_v by_o the_o judge_n though_o not_o as_o to_o matter_n of_o fact_n no_o no_o further_o than_o a_o mannerly_a deference_n that_o be_v payable_a to_o the_o judge_n as_o more_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n for_o if_o the_o judge_n say_v or_o any_o witness_n swear_v the_o law_n to_o be_v so_o and_o so_o no_o jury_n be_v by_o law_n bind_v or_o any_o wise_a oblige_v beyond_o their_o own_o reason_n etc._n etc._n at_o least_o to_o believe_v they_o in_o it_o 9_o h._n 6._o 38._o finch_n 58._o if_o a_o attaint_n be_v bring_v against_o a_o jury_n it_o be_v no_o excuse_n that_o the_o verdict_n be_v according_a to_o the_o judge_n direction_n cro._n el._n 309._o 18._o now_o say_v a_o timorous_a ignorant_a juror_n oh_o but_o whether_o the_o law_n be_v thus_o or_o not_o the_o judge_n will_v punish_v the_o jury_n if_o comply_v not_o with_o they_o this_o sure_a will_v be_v pretty_a a_o jury_n perhaps_o forswear_v and_o liable_a to_o a_o attaint_n if_o do_v comply_v and_o yet_o punishable_a if_o do_v not_o no_o no_o the_o law_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o improve_v and_o refine_a reason_n be_v never_o so_o unreasonable_a to_o suffer_v this_o a._n levy_v a_o fine_a of_o land_n to_o b._n and_o b._n pay_v a_o the_o purchase-money_n but_o after_o a._n say_v he_o be_v then_o at_o levy_v the_o fine_a under_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n old_a and_o therefore_o the_o fine_a be_v void_a the_o law_n say_v here_o the_o judge_n shall_v determine_v by_o look_v on_o the_o party_n whether_o he_o be_v of_o full_a age_n or_o not_o and_o the_o jury_n shall_v not_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v that_o if_o the_o party_n seem_v of_o full_a age_n though_o he_o be_v not_o he_o shall_v not_o avoid_v the_o fine_a to_o prevent_v cheat_v etc._n etc._n whereas_o if_o the_o jury_n be_v to_o try_v it_o they_o must_v not_o go_v according_a to_o the_o seem_a but_o real_a true_a age_n and_o so_o if_o he_o want_v but_o a_o day_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n he_o must_v thus_o be_v adjudge_v under_o age_n as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o want_v twenty_o year_n and_o b._n shall_v be_v cheat_v this_o fine_a be_v after_o reverse_v by_o king_n bench_n because_o a._n do_v appear_v and_o be_v also_o prove_v by_o four_o witness_n to_o be_v under_o age_n but_o the_o validity_n of_o the_o fine_a come_n after_o to_o be_v dispute_v in_o common_a plea_n on_o a_o trial_n by_o jury_n though_o the_o court_n here_o tell_v the_o jury_n that_o notwithstanding_o some_o witness_n prove_v to_o you_o a._n be_v of_o full_a age_n at_o levy_v the_o fine_a yet_o you_o ought_v not_o to_o heed_v they_o for_o the_o judge_n have_v the_o sole_a and_o only_a power_n of_o determine_v whether_o of_o full_a age_n or_o not_o and_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n have_v already_o determine_v it_o nevertheless_o the_o jury_n be_v somewhat_o extraordinary_a and_o not_o so_o very_o leadable_a man_n give_v their_o verdict_n contrary_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n and_o as_o if_o a._n be_v then_o of_o full_a age_n and_o a_o attaint_n be_v after_o bring_v against_o the_o jury_n the_o jury_n be_v acquit_v and_o commend_v dy._n 201._o &_o 301._o and_o the_o jury_n be_v the_o more_o justifiable_a in_o it_o since_o the_o judge_n first_o alter_v the_o law_n in_o try_v by_o witness_n and_o not_o only_o by_o inspection_n as_o jury_n also_o do_v which_o in_o trial_n by_o witness_n be_v as_o aforesaid_a the_o more_o competent_a etc._n etc._n of_o this_o nature_n be_v a_o memorable_a case_n of_o bushel_n report_v by_o lord_n chief_a justice_n vaughan_n where_o meade_n and_o pen_n two_o quaker_n be_v indict_v at_o the_o old_a bailie_n for_o their_o meeting_n and_o the_o jury_n whereof_o bushel_n be_v the_o foreman_n will_v not_o find_v they_o guilty_a the_o court_n mighty_a angry_a fine_v and_o commit_v the_o jury_n allege_v for_o cause_n that_o they_o the_o juror_n against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n against_o full_a and_o manifest_a evidence_n and_o against_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n in_o matter_n of_o law_n to_o they_o in_o court_n open_o give_v and_o declare_v have_v acquit_v the_o say_a mead_n and_o pen_n but_o upon_o long_a and_o serious_a debate_n it_o be_v after_o adjudge_v the_o commitment_n fine_v etc._n etc._n be_v unlawful_a and_o according_o the_o jury_n be_v discharge_v etc._n etc._n another_o time_n also_o a_o juryman_n dissent_v with_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o that_o no_o less_o than_o two_o day_n the_o judge_n ask_v he_o what_o he_o will_v do_v say_v he_o rather_o starve_v and_o die_v in_o prison_n than_o consent_n the_o court_n fine_v and_o commit_v he_o but_o on_o better_a consideration_n discharge_v he_o without_o more_o ado_n all_o the_o court_n can_v do_v be_v only_o to_o carry_v they_o in_o cart_n if_o in_o the_o circuit_n along_o with_o they_o and_z keep_v they_o without_o meat_n drink_v etc._n etc._n till_o will_v agree_v 41_o ass._n 11._o ses_fw-fr mir._n juror_n aught_o not_o to_o be_v threaten_v but_o to_o be_v free_a differ_v in_o opinion_n etc._n etc._n 273._o and_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o parliament_n anno_fw-la 1677._o that_o the_o precedent_n and_o practice_n of_o fine_v etc._n etc._n jury_n in_o or_o for_o give_v their_o verdict_n be_v illegal_a and_o keeling_n chief_a justice_n of_o b._n r._n be_v call_v to_o question_v in_o parliament_n for_o such_o practice_n coke_n upon_o lit._n f._n 369._o say_v if_o any_o labour_n a_o jury_n instruct_v they_o or_o put_v they_o in_o fear_n or_o the_o like_a it_o be_v punishable_a as_o maintenance_n or_o embracery_n either_o at_o king_n suit_n or_o at_o party_n and_o perhaps_o it_o will_v puzzle_v one_o to_o show_v why_o a_o judge_n be_v not_o within_o this_o law_n for_o how_o can_v he_o be_v say_v to_o do_v this_o as_o a_o judge_n when_o to_o do_v so_o be_v no_o part_n of_o his_o office_n and_o why_o shall_v any_o usage_n alter_v the_o case_n here_o any_o more_o than_o in_o other_o case_n of_o break_v the_o law_n it_o be_v much_o too_o any_o judge_n shall_v offer_v such_o a_o thing_n consider_v he_o that_o judge_n without_o a_o jury_n certain_o judge_n without_o authority_n and_o he_o that_o judge_n with_o a_o jury_n but_o govern_v or_o lead_v by_o he_o judges_z only_o by_o colour_n of_o a_o jury_n and_o by_o colour_n of_o authority_n and_o thus_o make_v himself_o forswear_v in_o and_o by_o the_o oath_n take_v at_o his_o be_v create_v judge_n make_v the_o jury_n all_o forswear_a violate_v the_o great_a privilege_n of_o the_o subject_a infringe_n the_o most_o often_o confirm_v law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o also_o do_v particular_o the_o party_n offend_v the_o great_a wrong_n imaginable_a in_o as_o much_o as_o by_o colour_n of_o law_n and_o make_v all_o the_o jury_n accessary_n to_o the_o whole_a hence_o it_o be_v improbable_a any_o judge_n shall_v offer_v the_o contrary_a but_o however_o a_o jury_n in_o any_o indictment_n presentment_n or_o information_n aught_o and_o may_v give_v their_o verdict_n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o their_o own_o conscience_n without_o any_o fear_n of_o punishment_n one_o way_n or_o other_o and_o in_o any_o other_o case_n as_o where_o the_o king_n be_v no_o party_n but_o a_o attaint_n happen_v to_o lie_v they_o may_v be_v punish_v no_o other_o way_n