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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
B11942 The abridgment of Camden's Brita[n]nia with the maps of the seuerall shires of England and Wales.; Britannia. English. Abridgments Camden, William, 1551-1623. 1626 (1626) STC 4527; ESTC S107395 54,613 132

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Topographie Againe euery part and place of the earth is considered either in it selfe according to its adiuncts In it selfe and so it is Continent Iland A Continent is a great quantitie of land in which many kingdomes and principalities are conioyned together none of them being separated from the rest by any Sea An Island quasi an eie of land called in Latine Insula quasi in salo is a part of land compassed and enuironed round about with waters of which Great Britaine and Iapan are the most spacious These againe are obseruable parts both of Continents and Islands Peninsula Isthmus Promontorium Peninsula quasi pene Insula is a tract of land which being compassed almost round with waters is ioyned by some little necke or Isthmus to the firme land as Peloponesus in Greece An Isthmus is a narrow peece of land which ioyneth the Peninsula to the Continent or greater Islands as the straights of Dariene and Corinth Promontorium is a high mountaine shooting it selfe much farther into the Sea than the Adiacent land The extremest point or nooke hereof is called a Cape as Cape-verde in Africa c. The adiuncts of a place are either such as respect the earth it selfe the heauens Those that agree to a place in respect of the earth are three in number viz. 1 The magnitude or extent of a Country 2 The bounds and limits 3 The qualitie 1 The magnitude comprehendeth the length and bredth of any place The length of a place is measured East and West what figure soeuer the place is of the bredth thereof North and South It is to be obserued that those places that are vnder the Aequinoctiall haue no bredth because that the measuring of latitude is begunne from this circle 2 The bounds of a Country is a line terminating it round about and distinguishing it from the bordering lands or waters 3 The qualitie of a place is the naturall temper and disposition thereof A place in regard of the heauens is either East West North. South Those places are properly said to be Northerne which lie betwixt the Aequinoctiall and the Arctick Pole Those Southerne which are betwixt the Aequinoctiall and the Antarcticke Pole Those places likewise are said to be Easterne which lie in the Easterne Haemisphaere terminated by the first Meridian which passeth thorow the Azores and those the Westerne which lie within the Haemisphaere which lieth Westernly of the same Meridian And thus much of the vniuersall Notions of Geography A TIPE OF ENGLAND OF ENGLAND THis farre famoused Kingdome is bordered on the North with Scotland on the South with the British Sea on the East with the German Ocean and on the West with the Hybernian Seas It is situate in the temperate Z●ne and eighth Climate watered with a multitude of Crystall streames Currents and Nauigable Riuers the banks whereof are crowned with Flowrie Meadowes the Meadowes replenished with abundance of Cattell and accosted with all manner of fertile fields of all manner of Corne and Graine and besides all these affords many other both Commodities and Rarities which hereafter are particularly expressed in their proper places This kingdome was first inhabited by some Colonies which transplanted themselues from the neighbouring coasts of France Lower Germanie as the affinity of their Language Policie Religion and Manners doe vnquestionably proue being the ofspring of Gomer of Iaphets progenie as their owne appellation doth witnesse calling themselues Komery who possessed and gouerned this Iland aboue one thousand yeares About fifty foure yeares before the Natiuitie of our Lord and Sauiour Iulius Caesar entred this land which within one hundred and fifty yeares after was subiugated by the Romans vnder whose commands they liued till the 430 yeare after Christ when the Roman Empire declining was forced to call home their Garrisons and hauing before exhausted the strength of this Kingdome left it a prey to the enemie whereupon the Picts assaulting this land thus disfurnished weakned they were compelled to craue the aid of the Saxons and Anglies a warlike nation inhabiting neare the confines of Denmarke who being ariued chased away their enemies and allured with the temperature fertilitie and pleasantnesse of the Country flowing in great numbers expelled the Britaines or Komeros that would not liue vnder their lawes and subiection and so held it till the yeare 1066. when William the Conquerour with his Normans subdued them whose successors haue continually enioyed it to this present time It was anciently diuided by the Romans into three parts Britanniam primam from the South parts to Trent Maximam Caesariensem from thence Northward and Britanniam secundam which we call Wales After by the Saxons it was diuided into an Heptarchie which at last reduced to a Monarchie was by Elfred diuided into Shires Wapentakes and Tithings with Iustices and Sheriffes appointed for ministring of iustice which partly confirmed partly altered by William the Conquerour was at last diuided into 39 Shires of the English with the addition of 13 of Wales In which are at this present two famous Vniuersities the Seminaries of vertue and learning 26 Bishopricks 641 Market Towees 186 Castles 9725 Parish Churches 555 Riuers 956 Bridges 13 Chases 68 Forests and 781 Parkes Tribunalls or Courts of iustice temporall nine viz. Parliament Starchamber Chancerie Kings Bench Exchequer Common pleas Court of Wards Admiraltie and Court of Requests besides Court Leet and Baron Spirituall seuen of Conuocation Synods Audience Arches Prerogatiue Faculties and Peculiar Iurisdictions Rankes of Nobilitie nine that is Dukes Marquesses Earles Viscounts Barons Baronets Knights Esquires and Gentlemen And of Inferiour Ranke or Communaltie three Yeomen Husbandmen and Tradesmen The Battells by Sea and Land since the Conquest fought by the Kings Nobilitie and Commons against forraine inuasions and Domestique and Intestine warres 76. The last and most Admirable being in the Chase of the Spanish Armado Ann. Dom. 1588. ¶ A Table containing the prouisions of the Spanish Armado against ENGLAND in Anno Domini 1588. and Anno ELIZ. REGINae XXX Leaders Prouinces aiding Galliasses and Gallions Ships and Hulks Pinaces and Carauals Great Ordnance Saylers Souldiers Galley-slaues D. Medina Sydonia Portugal 10 2   300 1300 3300   Diego de Mandranae Portugal 4     20 360   888 Io. Martynes de Richaldes Bisca● 10   4 250 700 2000   Michael de Oquendo Guiapusco 10   4 310 700 2000   Pedro de Valdez Andolozia 10   1 280 800 2400   Martyn de Vertendona Italie 10     310 800 2000   Diego Floris de Valdez Castile 14   2 380 1700 2400   Iohn Lopez de Medina Medina   23   400 700 3200   Hugo de Moncade Naples 4     200 460 870 1200 Antonio Buccade Mendoza   22   193 574 488   ESPECIALL NOTES worthy of obseruation 13 H. 1. The first Parliament was in Anno 1112 19 H. 2. Ireland was conquered in Anno 1172 4 Ioh. Normandy was lost by King Iohn and the title thereto