and_o unjust_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o another_o person_n to_o leave_v it_o as_o a_o entire_a fact_n of_o murder_n to_o the_o trial_n and_o verdict_n of_o the_o second_o jury_n to_o find_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n upon_o hear_v of_o both_o side_n and_o receive_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n in_o what_o species_n or_o degree_n of_o murder_n it_o be_v which_o likewise_o if_o any_o doubt_n or_o point_n of_o law_n arise_v in_o the_o case_n as_o many_o time_n it_o do_v they_o may_v find_v it_o special_o which_o a_o grand_a jury_n can_v and_o thereupon_o receive_v the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n murder_n be_v the_o genus_fw-la of_o the_o several_a species_n and_o in_o common_a acceptation_n he_o be_v account_v a_o murderer_n that_o kill_v any_o man_n or_o reasonable_a creature_n unlawful_o and_o the_o commandment_n be_v thou_o shall_v do_v no_o murder_n which_o certain_o comprehend_v all_o unlawful_a kill_n otherwise_o that_o command_n be_v not_o well_o translate_v from_o the_o text_n non_fw-la occides_fw-la thou_o shall_v not_o kill_v and_o in_o my_o own_o experience_n for_o above_o forty_o and_o five_o year_n in_o one_o circuit_n i_o have_v very_o often_o know_v many_o learned_a judge_n such_o as_o mr._n justice_n doderidge_n the_o lord_n chief_a baron_n davenport_n mr._n justice_n jones_n mr._n justice_n whitlock_n and_o many_o other_o often_o rebuke_v and_o reject_v the_o presentment_n of_o grand_a juror_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n and_o other_o felony_n where_o they_o have_v either_o vary_v from_o their_o evidence_n or_o from_o the_o law_n the_o judge_n before_o hand_n have_v receive_v some_o light_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o testimony_n of_o the_o fact_n from_o the_o information_n and_o examination_n therein_o deliver_v into_o the_o court_n by_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o coroner_n a_o very_a good_a rule_n for_o judge_n to_o observe_v and_o often_o either_o put_v it_o upon_o a_o open_a evidence_n in_o court_n which_o be_v very_o inconvenient_a or_o discharge_v they_o of_o such_o a_o bill_n and_o bind_v the_o witness_n over_o to_o the_o next_o assize_n which_o be_v also_o very_o inconvenient_a in_o regard_n witness_n may_v die_v or_o the_o prisoner_n may_v die_v and_o so_o the_o forfeiture_n be_v lose_v and_o the_o offence_n unpunished_a and_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n there_o will_v be_v too_o much_o opportunity_n give_v for_o compound_v and_o make_v a_o interest_n with_o the_o prosecutor_n and_o witness_n and_o in_o these_o modern_a time_n since_o the_o happy_a return_n of_o our_o most_o gracious_a sovereign_n king_n charles_n the_o second_o i_o have_v know_v several_a learned_a and_o pious_a judge_n some_o since_o dead_a other_o yet_o live_v and_o eminent_a upon_o the_o bench_n in_o oxfordshire_n circuit_n fine_a and_o imprison_v several_a grand_a juror_n for_o their_o miscarriage_n and_o misdemeanour_n in_o deliver_v in_o bill_n of_o manslaughter_n instead_o of_o bill_n of_o murder_n against_o the_o clear_a and_o positive_a direction_n of_o the_o court._n and_o this_o may_v serve_v for_o answer_v to_o the_o first_o objection_n from_o the_o liberty_n and_o affect_a practice_n of_o grand_a juror_n in_o find_v of_o bill_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n according_a to_o their_o own_o humour_n and_o apprehension_n to_o introduce_v a_o law_n that_o therefore_o they_o may_v find_v they_o as_o they_o please_v notwithstanding_o that_o the_o court_n advise_v and_o direct_v the_o draw_v of_o they_o murder_n to_o the_o second_o objection_n of_o mr._n justice_n stamford_n in_o the_o place_n before_o cite_v where_o he_o say_v that_o whereas_o the_o statute_n of_o glouc._n c._n 9_o say_v that_o he_o ought_v to_o put_v himself_o in_o a_o inquest_n de_fw-fr bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la this_o be_v only_o intend_v say_v he_o when_o he_o be_v indict_v of_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n and_o not_o where_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o indictment_n the_o special_a matter_n be_v find_v as_o if_o the_o grand_a jury_n may_v find_v especial_a verdict_n of_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o answer_v to_o this_o objection_n certain_o mr._n justice_n stamford_n though_o a_o very_a learned_a man_n do_v well_o consider_v this_o matter_n and_o his_o opinion_n therein_o when_o he_o set_v it_o down_o for_o he_o inform_v you_o not_o what_o shall_v become_v of_o such_o a_o indictment_n where_o only_o the_o special_a matter_n be_v find_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n whether_o the_o party_n may_v traverse_v it_o for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o trespass_n or_o confess_v it_o and_o so_o have_v his_o pardon_n of_o course_n upon_o such_o confession_n and_o then_o the_o judge_n that_o be_v to_o make_v the_o report_n or_o certificate_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fact_n to_o the_o king_n in_o chancery_n must_v certify_v like_o blind_a and_o deaf_a man_n that_o never_o see_v or_o hear_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n nor_o understand_v any_o thing_n by_o evidence_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o circumstance_n of_o the_o fact_n like_o the_o lay-zealot_n must_v believe_v as_o the_o priest_n believe_v prefer_v obedience_n before_o truth_n but_o sure_o no_o prudent_a and_o pious_a judge_n will_v make_v such_o a_o blind_a certificate_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n beside_o whoever_o shall_v judicious_o and_o impartial_o compare_v and_o weigh_v the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n together_o and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n what_o mischief_n it_o be_v make_v to_o prevent_v and_o consider_v but_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n will_v never_o be_v of_o his_o opinion_n in_o this_o particular_a there_o be_v so_o little_a of_o reason_n or_o true_a meaning_n of_o either_o of_o those_o statute_n in_o it_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebr_n be_v these_o murder_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v not_o be_v judge_v before_o our_o justice_n where_o it_o be_v find_v misfortune_n in_o the_o time_n of_o this_o statute_n it_o seem_v there_o be_v two_o jury_n the_o grand_a jury_n and_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n to_o present_v and_o try_v the_o offence_n of_o murder_n otherwise_o the_o justice_n can_v not_o judge_v of_o it_o they_o never_o pass_v judgement_n upon_o a_o grand_a jury_n presentment_n which_o by_o the_o way_n show_n that_o it_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o judge_n not_o the_o grand_a jury_n upon_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o cause_n in_o trial_n by_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o nature_n and_o circumstance_n of_o murder_n and_o of_o what_o species_n or_o degree_n it_o be_v this_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n do_v only_o declare_v a_o new_a law_n that_o where_o it_o be_v find_v per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la it_o shall_v not_o be_v felony_n and_o murder_n as_o it_o be_v before_o that_o statute_n but_o that_o the_o party_n in_o such_o case_n shall_v have_v upon_o certificate_n of_o the_o justice_n before_o who_o he_o be_v try_v his_o pardon_n of_o course_n happy_o then_o upon_o the_o presentment_n of_o the_o grand_a jury_n which_o may_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o this_o erroneous_a opinion_n of_o this_o learned_a judge_n then_o come_v the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n as_o if_o the_o other_o have_v not_o be_v true_o understand_v or_o at_o least_o have_v not_o sufficient_o provide_v for_o offence_n of_o blood_n and_o in_o plain_a word_n as_o before_o be_v mention_v command_v that_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n by_o misfortune_n or_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n or_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n without_o felony_n shall_v be_v put_v in_o prison_n until_o the_o come_n of_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n or_o justice_n of_o goal-delivery_n and_o shall_v put_v himself_o upon_o the_o country_n for_o good_a and_o evil_n that_o be_v for_o life_n and_o death_n which_o can_v possible_o be_v understand_v where_o the_o grand_a jury_n find_v it_o but_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la etc._n etc._n for_o that_o be_v not_o felony_n and_o so_o can_v be_v arraign_v thereupon_o whereby_o to_o put_v himself_o the_o bono_fw-mi &_o malo_fw-la so_o as_o to_o bring_v the_o matter_n to_o issue_n between_o he_o and_o the_o king_n nor_o can_v the_o judge_n in_o that_o case_n as_o be_v say_v before_o make_v a_o true_a and_o right_a certificate_n of_o the_o offence_n and_o matter_n of_o fact_n which_o must_v be_v special_o and_o true_o certify_v according_a to_o law_n whereby_o to_o procure_v a_o pardon_n as_o that_o statute_n express_o require_v and_o if_o the_o party_n shall_v plead_v not_o guilty_a to_o that_o special_a matter_n find_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n what_o can_v that_o signify_v as_o before_o have_v be_v show_v for_o the_o jury_n that_o be_v charge_v with_o such_o indictment_n must_v either_o find_v the_o party_n guilty_a in_o special_a manner_n as_o it_o
upon_o his_o indictment_n be_v acquit_v but_o the_o lo._n coke_n in_o his_o three_o institutes_n fol._n 107._o say_v certain_z it_o be_v that_o such_o discovery_n be_v accompany_v with_o perjury_n and_o a_o great_a misprision_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n and_o it_o be_v well_o provide_v by_o the_o oath_n that_o each_o juror_n be_v swear_v to_o keep_v his_o own_o counsel_n also_o for_o he_o that_o will_v not_o keep_v his_o own_o secret_n will_v hardly_o keep_v another_o so_o much_o for_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o oath_n what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v it_o follow_v in_o the_o oath_n with_o what_o integrity_n they_o ought_v to_o do_v their_o duty_n they_o be_v to_o present_v no_o person_n for_o any_o offence_n through_o any_o malice_n they_o have_v to_o the_o person_n nor_o omit_v any_o mere_o for_o any_o favour_n they_o have_v for_o the_o person_n this_o be_v so_o plain_a it_o need_v nothing_o but_o practice_n these_o two_o seem_v very_o easy_a but_o indeed_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o flesh_n and_o blood_n not_o to_o take_v revenge_n when_o one_o have_v power_n to_o do_v it_o and_o not_o to_o show_v favour_n when_o there_o be_v power_n and_o opportunity_n to_o express_v it_o not_o but_o that_o a_o grand_a juror_n may_v present_v another_o he_o be_v at_o difference_n withal_o if_o there_o be_v a_o real_a and_o true_a cause_n for_o it_o but_o it_o must_v not_o be_v do_v from_o malice_n and_o by_o way_n of_o revenge_n in_o present_v such_o a_o person_n before_o another_o as_o guilty_a malice_n and_o favour_n two_o great_a enemy_n to_o justice_n be_v to_o be_v exclude_v all_o court_n of_o justice_n as_o too_o partial_a and_o therefore_o the_o oath_n well_o conclude_v that_o they_o shall_v present_v the_o truth_n the_o whole_a truth_n and_o nothing_o but_o the_o truth_n all_o these_o three_o expression_n of_o truth_n have_v relation_n to_o the_o fact_n of_o murder_n or_o unlawful_a kill_n for_o i_o shall_v in_o this_o place_n apply_v it_o to_o that_o offence_n in_o a_o legal_a sense_n as_o to_o legal_a proceed_n the_o truth_n that_o be_v truth_n sufficient_a to_o make_v a_o accusation_n against_o a_o nocent_a person_n the_o whole_a truth_n not_o conceal_v any_o part_n of_o it_o wilful_o but_o so_o present_v it_o that_o the_o whole_a matter_n of_o fact_n concern_v the_o unlawful_a kill_v another_o may_v come_v in_o question_n to_o another_o jury_n which_o can_v be_v unless_o it_o be_v find_v murder_n the_o common_a law_n account_v all_o felonious_a and_o unlawful_a kill_v a_o reasonable_a creature_n murder_n until_o the_o difference_n and_o distinction_n appear_v upon_o the_o verdict_n of_o another_o jury_n that_o be_v to_o try_v it_o and_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n in_o point_n of_o law_n upon_o that_o verdict_n observe_v the_o note_n in_o the_o margin_n 26._o what_o that_o statute_n say_v adjudicetur_fw-la coram_fw-la justiciar_fw-la it_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v by_o the_o judge_n or_o justice_n not_o the_o grand_a jury_n what_o be_v manslaughter_n per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la and_o it_o can_v never_o be_v adjudge_v by_o the_o judge_n but_o when_o it_o be_v try_v before_o they_o which_o can_v be_v upon_o a_o indictment_n of_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la only_o as_o be_v more_o full_o observe_v in_o the_o follow_a discourse_n observe_v likewise_o what_o follow_v in_o that_o statute_n sed_fw-la locum_fw-la habeat_fw-la murdrum_n de_fw-la interfectis_fw-la per_fw-la feloniam_fw-la so_o that_o by_o this_o statute_n all_o felonious_a kill_n be_v murder_n still_o as_o it_o be_v at_o the_o common_a law_n before_o and_o that_o statute_n be_v not_o to_o be_v repeal_v by_o grand_a juror_n and_o as_o there_o must_v not_o be_v in_o the_o grand_a jury_n suppressio_fw-la very_fw-la a_o suppression_n or_o lessen_v of_o the_o truth_n so_o there_o must_v not_o be_v expressio_fw-la falsi_fw-la a_o false_a accusation_n both_o be_v to_o be_v avoid_v and_o therefore_o it_o follow_v in_o the_o oath_n and_o nothing_o but_o the_o truth_n that_o be_v no_o know_a falsity_n no_o false_a accusation_n against_o any_o person_n must_v be_v present_v whereby_o to_o bring_v a_o innocent_a person_n to_o trial_n where_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o the_o fact_n to_o be_v prove_v against_o he_o or_o any_o probable_a accusation_n if_o these_o three_o truth_n in_o this_o oath_n mention_v be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v in_o this_o legal_a sense_n and_o according_a to_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o legal_a proceed_n in_o these_o case_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o be_o to_o be_v instruct_v how_o any_o grand_a juror_n that_o hear_v but_o one_o side_n can_v satisfy_v his_o fact_n conscience_n that_o in_o a_o plain_a literal_a and_o grammatical_a sense_n he_o can_v swear_v that_o every_o presentment_n and_o indictment_n that_o come_v from_o the_o grand_a jury_n with_o a_o billa_z vera_fw-la contain_v in_o it_o the_o truth_n the_o whole_a truth_n and_o nothing_o but_o the_o truth_n and_o this_o be_v clear_v by_o the_o last_o word_n of_o the_o oath_n according_a to_o their_o best_a skill_n and_o knowledge_n for_o this_o must_v be_v understand_v skill_n and_o knowledge_n in_o the_o law_n and_o fact_n as_o to_o the_o practice_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o law_n in_o such_o case_n for_o it_o be_v rather_o discretio_fw-la legis_fw-la than_o hominis_fw-la and_o thus_o have_v i_o according_a to_o my_o best_a sense_n and_o understanding_n of_o the_o oath_n explain_v it_o and_o answer_v the_o common_a objection_n to_o it_o by_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o oath_n that_o any_o way_n oblige_v they_o against_o what_o i_o have_v either_o here_o or_o in_o the_o ensue_a discourse_n advise_v they_o unto_o and_o that_o this_o may_v yet_o be_v more_o evident_a because_o i_o will_v make_v it_o as_o plain_a as_o i_o can_v though_o with_o too_o many_o tautology_n and_o repetition_n i_o shall_v also_o in_o terminis_fw-la set_v down_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o juror_n of_o life_n and_o death_n by_o which_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o they_o only_o stand_v charge_v with_o the_o prisoner_n as_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o oath_n and_o the_o grand_a jury_n only_o with_o the_o accusation_n against_o he_o you_o shall_v well_o and_o true_o try_v and_o true_a deliverance_n make_v between_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o the_o prisoner_n at_o the_o bar_n who_o you_o shall_v have_v in_o charge_n and_o a_o true_a verdict_n give_v according_a to_o your_o evidence_n so_o help_v you_o god_n which_o be_v to_o be_v formal_o and_o legal_o draw_v up_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o declaration_n at_o law_n at_o the_o king_n suit_n the_o king_n be_v plaintiff_n and_o the_o prisoner_n defendant_n which_o the_o prisoner_n upon_o his_o arraignment_n either_o confess_v and_o then_o he_o be_v convict_v without_o hear_v of_o any_o evidence_n against_o he_o or_o otherwise_o plead_v not_o guilty_a to_o it_o to_o which_o the_o king_n by_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o crown_n join_v issue_n by_o cull_v prit_fw-fr viz._n that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o prove_v he_o guilty_a and_o so_o the_o issue_n be_v thus_o join_v evidence_n for_o the_o king_n be_v give_v against_o he_o upon_o oath_n to_o which_o he_o make_v his_o defence_n in_o person_n or_o by_o 129._o council_n if_o any_o point_n of_o law_n arise_v to_o which_o he_o desire_v council_n and_o the_o court_n approve_v of_o it_o the_o judge_n be_v as_o well_o of_o council_n for_o the_o prisoner_n as_o the_o king_n call_v his_o witness_n if_o he_o have_v any_o who_o speak_v upon_o their_o credit_n and_o not_o upon_o their_o oath_n which_o be_v much_o for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o prisoner_n the_o law_n presume_v in_o favour_n of_o life_n the_o affirmative_a proof_n to_o be_v so_o clear_a against_o the_o prisoner_n that_o nothing_o in_o the_o 29._o negative_a can_v be_v prove_v upon_o oath_n against_o it_o and_o after_o a_o full_a trial_n of_o what_o can_v be_v say_v and_o prove_v on_o both_o side_n and_o a_o convenient_a time_n take_v by_o the_o jury_n to_o consider_v of_o it_o they_o bring_v in_o their_o verdict_n either_o convict_v he_o or_o acquit_v he_o either_o find_v he_o guilty_a according_a to_o the_o indictment_n find_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n by_o hear_v of_o one_o side_n or_o special_o as_o they_o find_v the_o fact_n by_o hear_v of_o both_o side_n for_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v strict_o to_o the_o matter_n and_o form_n of_o the_o indictment_n as_o the_o grand_a jury_n have_v find_v it_o for_o they_o may_v by_o law_n extenuate_v it_o to_o the_o least_o degree_n of_o offence_n that_o can_v be_v in_o that_o kind_n but_o they_o can_v aggravate_v it_o or_o exceed_v above_o what_o the_o grand_a jury_n have_v find_v for_o if_o they_o may_v do_v so_o they_o will_v become_v accuser_n as_o well_o as_o tryer_n
and_o lay_v violent_a hand_n to_o take_v away_o his_o temporal_a life_n for_o who_o christ_n die_v to_o give_v eternal_a life_n a_o king_n a_o inferior_a god_n will_v take_v it_o ill_o to_o have_v his_o image_n his_o picture_n wilful_o stab_v through_o and_o cut_v in_o piece_n by_o any_o because_o it_o be_v he_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a by_o the_o judicial_n of_o god_n that_o where_o there_o be_v any_o wilful_a smite_v or_o strike_v though_o sudden_o and_o from_o a_o present_a passion_n occasion_v by_o a_o sudden_a provocation_n whereby_o death_n sollow_v in_o which_o the_o will_n fury_n which_o be_v a_o temporary_a madness_n assent_v or_o assault_v of_o the_o manslayer_n may_v appear_v there_o be_v no_o city_n of_o refuge_n or_o mercy_n by_o god_n law_n provide_v for_o it_o only_o what_o be_v do_v unaware_o and_o unforeseen_a as_o aforesaid_a find_v a_o city_n of_o refuge_n otherwise_o what_o can_v be_v mean_v by_o those_o word_n unaware_o and_o where_o he_o see_v he_o not_o and_o in_o these_o very_a case_n of_o kill_v another_o ex_fw-la improviso_fw-la unaware_o or_o by_o misfortune_n for_o who_o there_o be_v a_o city_n of_o refuge_n provide_v by_o god_n himself_o yet_o there_o the_o avenger_n of_o blood_n if_o he_o overtake_v the_o manslayer_n before_o he_o get_v to_o a_o city_n of_o refuge_n and_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v many_o mile_n to_o one_o of_o they_o he_o may_v justify_v the_o kill_n of_o he_o during_o the_o israelite_n sojourn_v in_o the_o desert_n the_o tabernacle_n where_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o altar_n be_v their_o refuge_n in_o such_o a_o case_n afterward_o in_o the_o land_n of_o moses_n canaan_n there_o be_v six_o city_n of_o refuge_n appoint_v three_o beyond_o jordan_n and_o three_o on_o this_o side_n three_o other_o 3._o city_n of_o like_a nature_n god_n promise_v the_o israelite_n upon_o condition_n of_o their_o obedience_n after_o their_o coast_n be_v enlarge_v but_o it_o seem_v their_o disobedience_n hinder_v the_o accomplishment_n thereof_o for_o scripture_n mention_v not_o the_o fulfil_n of_o it_o the_o manner_n of_o examination_n of_o one_o that_o flee_v to_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n be_v thus_o the_o consistory_n or_o bench_n of_o justice_n who_o live_v in_o that_o quarter_n where_o the_o murder_n be_v commit_v 6._o place_v the_o party_n be_v bring_v back_o from_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n in_o the_o court_n or_o judgement_n hall_n and_o diligent_o inquire_v and_o examine_v the_o cause_n who_o if_o he_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o voluntary_a murder_n than_o be_v he_o punish_v with_o death_n but_o if_o the_o fact_n be_v find_v casual_a than_o he_o be_v safe_o conduct_v back_o again_o to_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n where_o he_o enjoy_v his_o liberty_n not_o only_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n but_o within_o certain_a territory_n and_o bound_n of_o the_o city_n within_o such_o limit_n until_o the_o death_n of_o the_o highpriest_n that_o be_v in_o those_o day_n after_o who_o death_n he_o be_v at_o liberty_n 6._o josh_n 20._o 6._o by_o this_o mean_v the_o offender_n though_o he_o be_v not_o punish_v with_o death_n yet_o he_o live_v for_o the_o time_n although_o the_o offence_n be_v involuntary_a and_o praeter_fw-la intentionem_fw-la a_o kind_a of_o exile_n for_o his_o own_o humiliation_n and_o for_o the_o abatement_n of_o his_o wrath_n who_o be_v the_o avenger_n of_o blood_n 20._o the_o areopagita_n have_v a_o proceed_n against_o casual_a manslaughter_n not_o much_o unlike_a punish_v the_o offender_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o a_o year_n banishment_n it_o be_v not_o agree_v among_o expositor_n why_o the_o time_n of_o this_o exilement_n be_v limit_v to_o the_o death_n of_o the_o highpriest_n at_o that_o time_n but_o probable_o think_v that_o the_o offender_n be_v therefore_o confine_v within_o that_o city_n as_o within_o a_o prison_n during_o the_o high-priest_n life_n because_o the_o offence_n do_v most_o direct_o strike_v against_o he_o as_o be_v among_o man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ac_fw-la princeps_fw-la sanctitatis_fw-la the_o chief_a god_n on_o earth_n these_o place_n of_o refuge_n appoint_v by_o god_n differ_v from_o those_o of_o hercules_n and_o romulus_n and_o other_o heathen_n yea_o and_o christian_a king_n former_o of_o this_o nation_n because_o god_n allow_v safety_n only_o to_o those_o who_o be_v guiltless_a in_o respect_n of_o their_o intention_n but_o the_o other_o be_v common_a sanctuary_n 116._o as_o well_o for_o the_o guilty_a as_o the_o guiltless_a if_o any_o man_n do_v fortuitous_o or_o by_o chance_n kill_v another_o man_n in_o such_o a_o case_n a_o liberty_n be_v grant_v unto_o the_o offender_n to_o fly_v at_o first_o unto_o the_o altar_n for_o refuge_n as_o be_v imply_v by_o that_o text_n of_o scripture_n if_o any_o man_n come_v presumptuous_o unto_o his_o neighbour_n to_o slay_v he_o with_o guile_n thou_o shall_v take_v he_o from_o my_o altar_n exod._n 21._o 14._o away_o and_o it_o be_v think_v that_o 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of_o those_o that_o seek_v his_o life_n will_v be_v qualify_v and_o therefore_o god_n provide_v that_o they_o shall_v not_o still_o be_v provoke_v by_o the_o continual_a sight_n of_o he_o four_o and_o further_o by_o this_o that_o he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n unwitting_o be_v appoint_v to_o fly_v it_o be_v show_v quod_fw-la reus_fw-la poenae_fw-la efficitur_fw-la that_o yet_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o some_o punishment_n so_o that_o involuntary_a kill_n be_v punish_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o banishment_n among_o the_o israelite_n so_o likewise_o among_o the_o athenian_n such_o kind_n of_o manslaughter_n be_v censure_v with_o one_o year_n exile_n and_o so_o among_o the_o israelite_n he_o that_o escape_v from_o the_o avenger_n of_o blood_n for_o it_o be_v but_o a_o escape_n be_v not_o to_o go_v out_o of_o the_o limit_n and_o bound_n of_o the_o city_n if_o he_o do_v it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o kinsman_n of_o the_o man_n that_o be_v slay_v to_o kill_v he_o there_o be_v a_o manifest_a distinction_n of_o voluntary_a and_o involuntary_a murder_n or_o kill_v ground_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n involuntary_a kill_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n there_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d chance_v unlooked_a for_o and_o sudden_a event_n as_o when_o one_o shoot_v a_o arrow_n upon_o a_o lawful_a account_n and_o kill_v one_o unawares_o as_o peleus_n kill_v his_o son_n be_v in_o hunt_v with_o he_o there_o be_v beside_o these_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d error_n and_o oversight_n as_o the_o father_n beat_v his_o child_n purpose_v only_o to_o chastise_v he_o and_o do_v he_o good_a and_o he_o die_v of_o it_o there_o be_v likewise_o two_o kind_n of_o voluntary_a or_o wilful_a murder_n ex_fw-la proposito_fw-la of_o purpose_n &_o ex_fw-la impetu_fw-la animi_fw-la in_o heat_n or_o rage_n these_o kind_n of_o murder_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d iniquity_n one_o may_v be_v slay_v ex_fw-la proposito_fw-la purposely_o per_fw-la insidias_fw-la by_o lie_v in_o wait_n when_o one_o watch_v for_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n and_o take_v he_o at_o advantage_n as_o joab_n kill_v abner_n and_o afterward_o flee_v to_o the_o temple_n and_o take_v hold_v of_o the_o horn_n of_o the_o altar_n which_o notwithstanding_o can_v not_o privilege_v he_o and_o afterward_o kill_v amasa_n they_o suspect_v no_o such_o thing_n so_o ishmael_n kill_v gedoliah_n or_o else_o per_fw-la industriam_fw-la when_o one_o of_o set_a purpose_n pick_v quarrel_n and_o seek_v occasion_n to_o provoke_v a_o man_n that_o he_o may_v kill_v he_o both_o these_o kind_n be_v touch_v here_o tostat_fw-la quaest_n 16._o than_o one_o may_v be_v kill_v in_o heat_n and_o rage_n when_o there_o be_v no_o purpose_n before_o as_o alexander_z the_o great_a kill_v clitus_n this_o kind_n though_o not_o so_o grievous_a as_o the_o other_o yet_o be_v a_o
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according_a to_o their_o evidence_n and_o thereby_o provoke_v the_o party_n who_o relation_n be_v slay_v to_o the_o nice_a and_o chargeable_a remedy_n of_o a_o appeal_n upon_o such_o appeal_v several_a have_v be_v execute_v after_o they_o have_v be_v acquit_v by_o trial_n at_o the_o king_n suit_n upon_o indictment_n one_o woman_n in_o my_o time_n in_o berkshire_n for_o petty_a treason_n for_o kill_v her_o husband_n after_o she_o have_v be_v acquit_v for_o the_o same_o fact_n at_o the_o king_n suit_n by_o indictment_n be_v convict_v upon_o the_o appeal_n and_o burn_v at_o a_o stake_n look_v how_o high_a the_o appellant_n shall_v draw_v his_o appeal_n against_o the_o appellee_n or_o defendant_n as_o if_o for_o murder_n in_o this_o case_n if_o the_o appellant_n shall_v surcease_v to_o prosecute_v such_o appeal_n as_o by_o nonsuit_n release_v retraxit_fw-la the_o woman_n by_o marry_v a_o husband_n pendent_fw-la light_fw-la or_o by_o the_o act_n of_o god_n as_o if_o the_o appellant_n die_v 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punish_v of_o murder_n and_o revenge_v innocent_a blood_n which_o it_o seem_v and_o as_o before_o be_v observe_v whilst_o appeal_n be_v in_o use_n and_o the_o king_n suit_n must_v stay_v until_o the_o year_n and_o day_n be_v pass_v many_o murderer_n escape_v unpunished_a and_o the_o kill_n of_o man_n be_v make_v as_o now_o it_o be_v a_o trick_n of_o youth_n valour_n hector_v and_o jest_n in_o regard_n of_o so_o great_a impunity_n it_o find_v by_o frequent_a pardon_n indulgence_n of_o grand_a juror_n and_o other_o and_o true_o it_o be_v much_o with_o we_o in_o this_o age_n as_o it_o be_v in_o those_o day_n when_o appeal_n be_v in_o use_n and_o have_v the_o pre-eminence_n of_o the_o king_n suit_n never_o more_o kill_v of_o man_n by_o duel_n tavern_n and_o game-house_n quarrel_n and_o yet_o never_o more_o impunity_n to_o such_o mankiller_n such_o valiant_a murderer_n of_o their_o fellow_n christian_n especial_o if_o the_o mankiller_n have_v either_o a_o fame_n for_o honour_n or_o valour_n money_n or_o interest_n of_o friend_n to_o procure_v pity_n or_o pardon_n and_o compassion_n from_o the_o grand_a jury_n to_o find_v it_o manslaughter_n if_o they_o will_v go_v so_o high_a where_o it_o be_v murder_n and_o then_o through_o that_o false_a glass_n to_o represent_v it_o to_o a_o most_o merciful_a king_n and_o thereby_o obtain_v a_o pardon_n for_o the_o whole_a offence_n or_o else_o upon_o his_o arraignment_n shall_v confess_v the_o manslaughter_n and_o procure_v a_o respect_n of_o his_o burn_a in_o the_o hand_n because_o a_o gent-hand_n kill_v the_o man_n and_o afterward_o procure_v a_o pardon_n for_o that_o burn_a in_o the_o hand_n which_o the_o king_n may_v grant_v it_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o judgement_n but_o a_o notify_v the_o person_n that_o by_o that_o mark_n he_o may_v be_v know_v again_o once_o to_o have_v have_v his_o clergy_n that_o he_o may_v not_o have_v it_o a_o second_o time_n many_o recent_a and_o fresh_a instance_n in_o particular_a case_n of_o blood_n may_v be_v give_v be_v it_o safe_a or_o seasonable_a to_o make_v reflection_n of_o divers_a murder_n that_o have_v too_o easy_o slip_v through_o the_o hand_n of_o justice_n by_o the_o averseness_n ignorance_n or_o partiality_n of_o grand_a juror_n in_o not_o observe_v the_o direction_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o this_o particular_a of_o find_v bill_n murder_n instead_o of_o manslaughter_n yea_o and_o that_o many_o time_n upon_o direction_n give_v in_o court_n after_o open_a evidence_n which_o open_a evidence_n to_o a_o grand_a jury_n especial_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n ought_v to_o be_v avoid_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v in_o regard_n it_o do_v too_o much_o lay_v open_a and_o betray_v the_o king_n evidence_n to_o stander_n by_o it_o may_v be_v friend_n of_o the_o prisoner_n that_o may_v make_v too_o much_o use_v of_o it_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o prejudice_n of_o truth_n beside_o many_o witness_n although_o upon_o their_o oath_n will_v not_o speak_v so_o full_o in_o court_n before_o the_o bill_n find_v and_o happy_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o party_n or_o his_o friend_n as_o in_o a_o grand_a jury_n chamber_n more_o private_a beside_o where_o it_o be_v beforehand_o know_v what_o witness-pinching_a endeavour_n will_v be_v use_v to_o keep_v he_o off_o or_o by_o some_o sinister_a way_n to_o be_v comply_v with_o to_o lessen_v or_o hinder_v his_o testimony_n to_o the_o second_o jury_n if_o there_o be_v occasion_n beside_o the_o king_n evidence_n before_o issue_n join_v betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prisoner_n be_v always_o to_o be_v secret_a only_o open_a to_o the_o grand_a juror_n who_o be_v always_o style_v juratores_fw-la pro_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la the_o king_n jury_n and_o be_v swear_v to_o keep_v the_o king_n counsel_n their_o felon_n and_o their_o own_o now_o the_o witness_n for_o the_o king_n be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o the_o king_n council_n which_o will_v abate_v much_o of_o their_o oath_n if_o evidence_n and_o the_o king_n information_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n shall_v be_v open_a and_o common_a and_o as_o you_o have_v hear_v what_o great_a inconvenience_n be_v in_o the_o use_n and_o abuse_v of_o appeal_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o so_o indeed_o as_o many_o if_o not_o more_o instance_n of_o mischief_n and_o inconvenience_n may_v be_v give_v of_o grand_a juror_n in_o this_o age_n the_o best_a thing_n corrupt_v prove_v the_o worst_a you_o may_v conceive_v what_o great_a complaint_n have_v former_o be_v make_v against_o grand_a juror_n in_o parliament_n in_o err_v upon_o both_o hand_n by_o take_v too_o much_o liberty_n to_o themselves_o and_o not_o observe_v the_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n that_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o make_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n 8._o in_o the_o 3_o h._n 8._o immediate_o after_o appeal_n begin_v to_o fall_v off_o as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o that_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v to_o reform_v they_o and_o to_o reform_v the_o sheriff_n power_n in_o return_v they_o the_o whole_a authority_n of_o return_v inquest_n to_o take_v indictment_n be_v by_o force_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 11_o h._n 4._o in_o sheriff_n and_o bailiff_n of_o franchise_n it_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 3_o of_o h._n 8._o that_o by_o reason_n of_o bribe_v of_o sheriff_n and_o their_o bailiff_n and_o officer_n many_o true_a and_o substantial_a person_n be_v divers_a time_n wrongful_o indict_v of_o murder_n felony_n and_o other_o misdemeanour_n to_o the_o utter_a loss_n of_o their_o life_n good_n and_o land_n and_o sometime_o also_o great_a felony_n and_o murder_n be_v conceal_v and_o not_o present_v by_o the_o grand_a juror_n partial_o return_v by_o the_o sheriff_n or_o their_o minister_n for_o the_o prevention_n whereof_o it_o be_v
establish_v by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o the_o 3_o h._n 8._o that_o all_o panel_n of_o grand_a juror_n put_v in_o by_o any_o sheriff_n before_o any_o justice_n of_o goal-delivery_n and_o justice_n of_o peace_n one_o be_v of_o the_o quorum_fw-la in_o the_o open_a session_n to_o inquire_v for_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v reform_v by_o put_v to_o and_o take_v off_o the_o name_n of_o the_o person_n which_o so_o be_v empanel_v by_o every_o sheriff_n at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o say_a justice_n before_o who_o such_o panel_n shall_v be_v return_v and_o the_o sheriff_n upon_o pain_n of_o twenty_o pound_n shall_v allow_v of_o such_o panel_n so_o reform_v and_o return_v by_o the_o justice_n the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o king_n the_o other_o to_o he_o that_o will_v sue_v for_o the_o same_o and_o the_o king_n pardon_n shall_v not_o be_v a_o bar_n to_o his_o part_n that_o so_o sue_v so_o careful_a be_v the_o lawmaker_n to_o have_v faithful_a juror_n that_o shall_v neither_o accuse_v the_o innocent_a nor_o excuse_v the_o nocent_a and_o that_o especial_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n shall_v make_v no_o concealment_n and_o lest_o all_o this_o care_n and_o reformation_n of_o grand_a juror_n shall_v do_v no_o good_a but_o that_o they_o shall_v still_o espouse_v their_o own_o opinion_n and_o make_v head_n against_o the_o court_n and_o wilful_o conceal_v offence_n they_o be_v charge_v to_o inquire_v of_o 7._o there_o be_v a_o statute_n yet_o in_o force_n 3_o h._n 7._o in_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n may_v in_o their_o discretion_n cause_v a_o inquest_n to_o be_v empanel_v to_o inquire_v of_o the_o concealment_n of_o other_o inquest_n take_v before_o they_o of_o such_o matter_n and_o offence_n as_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v and_o present_v before_o justice_n of_o peace_n whereof_o complaint_n shall_v be_v make_v and_o if_o any_o concealment_n shall_v be_v find_v by_o any_o inquest_n within_o one_o year_n after_o the_o say_a concealment_n every_o person_n of_o the_o say_a inquest_n that_o make_v such_o concealment_n shall_v be_v amerce_v or_o fine_v at_o the_o discretion_n of_o such_o justice_n of_o peace_n the_o say_a amerciament_n so_o assess_v in_o plain_a session_n and_o these_o amerciament_n or_o fine_n may_v be_v very_o high_a according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o concealment_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n this_o statute_n only_o concern_v and_o remedy_n concealment_n by_o grand_a juror_n before_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n at_o the_o session_n of_o the_o peace_n as_o conceive_v grand_a juror_n will_v be_v bold_a there_o and_o take_v more_o liberty_n in_o their_o presentment_n than_o they_o dare_v before_o justice_n of_o assize_n oyer_n and_o terminer_n or_o goal-delivery_n as_o also_o that_o such_o justice_n and_o judge_n know_v better_a how_o to_o deal_v with_o they_o if_o they_o make_v any_o such_o concealment_n or_o misprision_n before_o they_o for_o the_o grand_a juror_n be_v immediate_a and_o subordinate_a minister_n and_o officer_n in_o and_o to_o the_o court_n and_o answerable_a for_o their_o duty_n there_o as_o coroner_n constable_n and_o other_o minister_n of_o the_o court_n they_o may_v and_o must_v stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n and_o in_o case_n of_o any_o wilful_a contempt_n misdemeanour_n and_o concealment_n may_v without_o indictment_n for_o how_o can_v they_o be_v indict_v at_o the_o same_o time_n by_o themselves_o be_v fine_v by_o the_o court_n as_o any_o other_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o court._n and_o let_v grand_a juror_n take_v heed_n lest_o by_o their_o remissness_n and_o peevishness_n they_o give_v not_o occasion_n to_o the_o make_n of_o the_o like_a statute_n as_o be_v make_v in_o the_o 11._o 3._o of_o h._n 7._o c._n 3._o upon_o the_o surmise_n in_o the_o statute_n that_o whereas_o many_o great_a offence_n as_o riot_n unlawful_a assembly_n extortion_n maintenance_n imbracery_n and_o other_o offence_n can_v not_o be_v due_o punish_v by_o the_o due_a order_n of_o the_o law_n except_o it_o be_v first_o find_v and_o present_v by_o the_o verdict_n of_o twelve_o man_n thereto_o due_o swear_v which_o will_v not_o find_v nor_o yet_o present_a the_o truth_n observe_v here_o what_o occasion_n grand_a juror_n have_v then_o give_v through_o their_o neglect_n it_o be_v therefore_o provide_v and_o enact_v by_o this_o statute_n that_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o justice_n of_o peace_n upon_o information_n for_o the_o king_n that_o be_v mere_o upon_o the_o testimony_n of_o witness_n without_o indictment_n or_o use_v of_o grand_a juror_n shall_v proceed_v to_o make_v out_o process_n punish_v and_o condemn_v offender_n by_o their_o discretion_n as_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o indictment_n find_v by_o grand_a juror_n which_o statute_n be_v a_o great_a infringement_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a of_o england_n who_o ought_v not_o by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n to_o be_v proceed_v against_o or_o condemn_v in_o their_o person_n or_o estate_n in_o criminal_n but_o by_o indictment_n first_o have_v and_o find_v against_o they_o by_o grand_a juror_n it_o be_v true_a that_o treason_n murder_n and_o felony_n and_o such_o offence_n for_o which_o life_n and_o member_n shall_v be_v lose_v be_v except_v out_o of_o this_o act_n although_o they_o stand_v upon_o the_o same_o reason_n as_o the_o other_o offence_n name_v in_o the_o act_n for_o by_o this_o act_n and_o new_a law_n the_o subject_n may_v lose_v his_o liberty_n suffer_v ransom_n stigmatise_v pillory_n imprisonment_n loss_n of_o land_n and_o estate_n thing_n very_o near_o to_o life_n and_o member_n and_o the_o lord_n coke_n tell_v we_o that_o empson_n and_o dudley_n two_o judge_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o act_n commit_v upon_o the_o subject_n insufferable_a oppression_n and_o therefore_o this_o statute_n be_v just_o repeal_v after_o the_o decease_n of_o h._n 7._o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 1._o of_o h._n 8._o c._n 6._o a_o good_a caveat_n to_o parliament_n say_v the_o lord_n coke_n to_o leave_v all_o cause_n to_o be_v measure_v by_o the_o golden_a and_o straight_a mete-wand_n of_o the_o law_n and_o not_o to_o the_o uncertain_a and_o crooked_a cord_n of_o discretion_n and_o as_o good_a a_o caveat_n it_o be_v to_o grand_a juror_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n not_o so_o much_o to_o be_v lead_v by_o the_o crooked_a cord_n of_o discretion_n as_o the_o straight_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o learned_a judge_n who_o shall_v best_o know_v the_o law_n and_o the_o true_a measure_n thereof_o for_o if_o the_o rule_n be_v true_a as_o indeed_o it_o be_v quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la relictum_fw-la est_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la judicis_fw-la that_o nothing_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o judge_n much_o less_o arbitrio_fw-la juratorum_fw-la to_o the_o will_n of_o grand_a juror_n they_o have_v be_v through_o too_o much_o connivance_n by_o a_o evil_a practice_n corrupt_v herein_o but_o errores_fw-la ad_fw-la sua_fw-la principia_fw-la refer_v est_fw-la refellere_fw-la to_o bring_v error_n to_o their_o beginning_n be_v to_o see_v their_o last_o now_o haply_o grand_a juror_n may_v conceive_v and_o argue_v thus_o that_o to_o extenuate_v a_o offence_n be_v not_o to_o conceal_v it_o if_o they_o find_v it_o not_o murder_n yet_o they_o find_v it_o in_o some_o degree_n of_o manslaughter_n etc._n etc._n beside_o if_o the_o king_n council_n will_v put_v into_o the_o indictment_n the_o word_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o only_o make_v it_o murder_n and_o which_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n they_o must_v make_v it_o out_o to_o we_o that_o there_o be_v malice_n either_o from_o our_o own_o knowledge_n of_o it_o or_o that_o it_o be_v clear_o prove_v to_o we_o from_o word_n or_o deed_n express_v by_o such_o a_o act_n that_o lie_v in_o proof_n or_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o find_v those_o word_n but_o must_v strike_v they_o out_o of_o the_o indictment_n or_o find_v a_o ignoramus_n or_o if_o the_o witness_n themselves_o shall_v inform_v we_o that_o it_o be_v a_o sudden_a fall_v out_o or_o do_v by_o misfortune_n se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la in_o his_o own_o defence_n or_o to_o defend_v himself_o against_o one_o that_o will_v have_v rob_v he_o in_o his_o house_n or_o upon_o the_o highway_n or_o that_o he_o that_o do_v it_o be_v a_o watchman_n a_o constable_n or_o lawful_a officer_n or_o keeper_n of_o a_o park_n or_o warren_n and_o in_o do_v his_o duty_n or_o that_o he_o that_o do_v it_o be_v a_o natural_a fool_n one_o not_o compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la a_o madman_n or_o a_o young_a child_n that_o do_v it_o and_o by_o his_o young_a and_o tender_a year_n not_o capable_a of_o malice_n and_o so_o can_v not_o be_v guilty_a of_o murder_n or_o if_o there_o have_v be_v former_a fall_n out_o and_o
difference_n betwixt_o they_o yet_o all_o be_v reconcile_v and_o they_o good_a friend_n again_o and_o this_o only_a a_o casual_a and_o sudden_a difference_n betwixt_o they_o upon_o a_o new_a occasion_n and_o exceed_o provoke_v unto_o it_o by_o he_o that_o be_v slay_v so_o that_o we_o can_v be_v satisfy_v to_o find_v it_o murder_v in_o any_o of_o these_o case_n be_v upon_o our_o oath_n to_o make_v true_a inquiry_n and_o if_o we_o find_v not_o the_o malice_n be_v matter_n of_o fact_n another_o jury_n can_v try_v it_o beside_o we_o have_v former_a practice_n of_o our_o side_n other_o grand_a juror_n have_v have_v and_o take_v the_o same_o liberty_n and_o why_o shall_v not_o we_o the_o judge_n likewise_o in_o their_o charge_n inform_v we_o of_o all_o the_o specifical_a difference_n in_o manslaughter_n which_o we_o conceive_v they_o intend_v we_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o as_o it_o come_v in_o proof_n before_o we_o in_o our_o inquiry_n this_o i_o conceive_v be_v as_o much_o as_o grand_a juror_n have_v say_v or_o can_v allege_v for_o themselves_o where_o they_o be_v not_o positive_o partial_a and_o go_v clear_o against_o their_o evidence_n why_o they_o do_v not_o or_o will_v not_o for_o such_o be_v some_o of_o their_o language_n find_v it_o murder_v in_o all_o case_n as_o the_o court_n direct_v and_o as_o the_o bill_n of_o indictment_n be_v draw_v and_o send_v to_o they_o as_o the_o king_n declaration_n to_o satisfy_v these_o reason_n and_o mistake_n though_o sufficient_a have_v be_v say_v already_o to_o satisfy_v a_o wise_a and_o sober_a grand_a juryman_n especial_o in_o a_o case_n of_o blood_n which_o can_v never_o receive_v too_o strict_a a_o inquisition_n by_o a_o grand_a jury_n the_o first_o inquisitor_n of_o it_o in_o court_n let_v they_o observe_v that_o neither_o themselves_o nor_o the_o party_n accuse_v can_v be_v prejudice_v by_o what_o they_o shall_v so_o find_v be_v it_o never_o so_o high_a first_o not_o themselves_o they_o do_v but_o present_v a_o probable_a accusation_n no_o conviction_n against_o such_o a_o person_n that_o have_v have_v his_o hand_n in_o blood_n have_v kill_v a_o man_n be_v vir_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la and_o here_o certain_o it_o will_v be_v the_o best_a satisfaction_n to_o conscience_n and_o that_o be_v the_o best_a friend_n we_o can_v satisfy_v to_o have_v all_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o fact_n as_o they_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o indictment_n to_o be_v more_o judicial_o and_o circumspect_o examine_v sift_v and_o try_v out_o by_o another_o jury_n by_o a_o learned_a judge_n in_o a_o public_a court_n to_o the_o party_n face_n where_o the_o king_n witness_n and_o the_o party_n himself_o and_o his_o witness_n may_v be_v full_o hear_v and_o the_o whole_a matter_n full_o try_v and_o debate_v which_o can_v be_v do_v in_o a_o grand_a jury_n chamber_n but_o be_v altogether_o stifle_v and_o obstruct_v if_o the_o grand_a juror_n suffer_v it_o not_o to_o come_v to_o this_o judicial_a test_n and_o trial_n but_o shall_v put_v out_o the_o word_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la or_o otherwise_o alter_v the_o king_n declaration_n and_o indictment_n which_o already_o have_v have_v proceed_n in_o it_o and_o that_o in_o court_n of_o record_n where_o it_o have_v be_v advise_v by_o the_o king_n council_n upon_o perusal_n of_o information_n and_o examination_n from_o justice_n of_o peace_n or_o coroner_n in_o that_o case_n certify_v to_o the_o court_n and_o upon_o hear_v the_o prosecutor_n and_o his_o witness_n and_o so_o draw_v and_o present_v to_o the_o court_n witness_n swear_v to_o it_o and_o indorsed_n jurat_fw-la in_o curia_n swear_v in_o court_n and_o so_o become_v something_o more_o than_o a_o ordinary_a declaration_n or_o write_v in_o parchment_n to_o be_v alter_v by_o any_o without_o advice_n or_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n for_o if_o it_o may_v be_v so_o the_o king_n council_n and_o their_o advice_n together_o with_o the_o judge_n in_o such_o case_n will_v signify_v very_o little_a in_o draw_v or_o advise_v any_o indictment_n of_o murder_n if_o grand_a juror_n in_o their_o chamber_n may_v from_o their_o own_o advice_n alter_v it_o as_o they_o please_v the_o judge_n themselves_o be_v as_o well_o concern_v in_o conscience_n to_o do_v right_a to_o the_o prisoner_n and_o party_n accuse_v as_o grand_a juror_n can_v be_v and_o also_o admit_v that_o the_o witness_n shall_v inform_v the_o grand_a jury_n that_o it_o be_v a_o passionate_a and_o sudden_a fall_v out_o or_o that_o it_o be_v do_v unaware_o or_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n it_o be_v but_o what_o they_o apprehend_v it_o to_o be_v they_o can_v inform_v but_o what_o they_o see_v or_o hear_v or_o believe_v they_o be_v in_o the_o affirmative_a only_o and_o can_v prove_v but_o for_o that_o instant_n the_o fact_n be_v do_v they_o dare_v not_o swear_v that_o there_o have_v be_v no_o fall_v out_o before_o and_o as_o they_o can_v or_o haply_o will_v not_o prove_v a_o express_a malice_n so_o neither_o can_v they_o swear_v that_o there_o be_v none_o at_o all_o or_o not_o such_o a_o malice_n as_o the_o law_n imply_v neither_o can_v the_o witness_n judge_v in_o all_o case_n what_o be_v manslaughter_n at_o common_a law_n what_o upon_o the_o statute_n what_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la what_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la what_o be_v justifiable_a or_o what_o be_v murder_n neither_o indeed_o in_o all_o these_o case_n can_v the_o grand_a juror_n nor_o be_v it_o convenient_a for_o they_o to_o judge_v of_o all_o the_o specifical_a difference_n each_o circumstance_n may_v so_o much_o alter_v a_o case_n and_o will_v they_o then_o by_o their_o uncertain_a judgement_n in_o case_n of_o murder_n conclude_v and_o preclose_v the_o court_n and_o determine_v the_o law_n that_o this_o fact_n of_o blood_n shall_v go_v no_o high_o than_o they_o please_v to_o adjudge_v it_o as_o in_o the_o case_n put_v of_o a_o child_n that_o kill_v another_o not_o the_o grand_a jury_n who_o see_v not_o the_o child_n but_o the_o court_n and_o the_o other_o jury_n shall_v inspect_v the_o child_n shall_v judge_v whether_o the_o child_n can_v do_v such_o a_o act_n felleo_fw-la animo_fw-la ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la and_o so_o be_v guilty_a of_o malice_n and_o murder_n the_o court_n and_o not_o the_o grand_a jury_n be_v to_o judge_v a_o malitia_fw-la supplebit_fw-la aetatem_fw-la whether_o upon_o hear_v he_o speak_v he_o may_v be_v think_v capable_a of_o malice_n as_o some_o at_o more_o tender_a year_n be_v than_o other_o so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o fool_n or_o a_o lunatic_n a_o dumb_a or_o deaf_a person_n so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o reconcilement_n after_o a_o fall_n out_o and_o then_o a_o kill_n can_v either_o juror_n or_o witness_n or_o any_o that_o hear_v but_o one_o side_n state_z the_o case_n aright_o or_o judge_v whether_o the_o reconciliation_n be_v perfect_a or_o not_o so_o as_o to_o take_v away_o all_o the_o seed_n of_o malice_n revenge_n or_o discontent_n and_o mr._n justice_n stamford_n say_v that_o those_o that_o be_v dumb_a and_o mute_n and_o infant_n shall_v be_v discharge_v upon_o arraignment_n which_o show_v that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v indict_v of_o murder_n but_o how_o shall_v they_o be_v arraign_v when_o they_o can_v hear_v or_o speak_v and_o plead_v i_o conceive_v by_o the_o inspection_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n upon_o their_o arraignment_n i_o mean_v upon_o the_o indictment_n find_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n which_o plain_o show_v that_o the_o judge_n not_o the_o grand_a juror_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o of_o what_o shall_v be_v murder_n so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o kill_v a_o thief_n that_o attempt_v to_o rob_v or_o commit_v murder_n which_o be_v justifiable_a this_o must_v judicious_o and_o certain_o appear_v so_o upon_o the_o trial_n that_o the_o court_n may_v judge_v whether_o there_o be_v a_o intention_n to_o steal_v or_o to_o commit_v murder_n or_o rape_n and_o not_o let_v such_o a_o surmise_n only_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o intention_n lead_v the_o grand_a jury_n to_o acquit_v he_o when_o haply_o there_o be_v such_o intention_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 24._o of_o h._n 8._o say_v that_o the_o party_n so_o indict_v or_o appeal_v of_o such_o offence_n for_o kill_v a_o thief_n or_o one_o that_o intend_v to_o murder_n by_o verdict_n so_o find_v and_o try_v shall_v not_o lose_v or_o forfeit_a land_n or_o good_n but_o shall_v be_v discharge_v as_o one_o acquit_v of_o felony_n and_o none_o can_v be_v acquit_v of_o felony_n that_o be_v not_o try_v for_o it_o the_o doubt_n be_v before_o this_o statute_n whether_o he_o shall_v forfeit_v his_o good_n and_o chattel_n as_o one_o that_o kill_v another_o by_o chance-medley_n so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o such_o a_o one_o be_v indict_v of_o murder_n before_o this_o act_n as_o one_o
the_o indictment_n whereby_o to_o bring_v the_o party_n and_o his_o offence_n of_o blood_n to_o a_o full_a trial_n by_o a_o second_o jury_n which_o otherwise_o can_v never_o be_v do_v neither_o the_o law_n therein_o know_v from_o the_o court_n in_o such_o a_o case_n beside_o many_o other_o inconvenience_n and_o doubt_n may_v arise_v where_o the_o grand_a jury_n find_v the_o bill_n of_o indictment_n only_a manslaughter_n which_o by_o find_v of_o it_o murder_n will_v be_v prevent_v as_o in_o challenge_v upon_o his_o trial_n above_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o juror_n the_o statute_n of_o the_o 22_o h._n 217._o 8._o c._n 14._o reduce_v peremptory_a challenge_n upon_o a_o indictment_n or_o appeal_n which_o at_o the_o common_a law_n be_v allow_v to_o the_o prisoner_n to_o challenge_v thirty_o five_o juror_n which_o be_v under_o the_o number_n of_o three_o juror_n this_o statute_n so_o provide_v that_o a_o prisoner_n shall_v not_o now_o in_o petit_fw-fr treason_n murder_n and_o felony_n challenge_v above_o twenty_o juror_n without_o show_v cause_n and_o in_o case_n of_o treason_n and_o misprision_n of_o high_a treason_n it_o be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 33_o h._n mar._n 8._o but_o now_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o &_o 2_o phil._n &_o mar._n the_o common_a law_n be_v revive_v for_o any_o treason_n the_o prisoner_n shall_v have_v his_o challenge_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 35_o and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o justice_n upon_o conference_n between_o they_o in_o the_o case_n of_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n and_o geo._n r._n brooks_n by_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o if_o one_o be_v indict_v or_o appeal_v for_o murder_n and_o challenge_v above_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o juror_n peremptory_o without_o show_v cause_n it_o shall_v be_v a_o conviction_n of_o the_o offence_n and_o capital_a but_o it_o be_v a_o great_a quaere_fw-la whether_o he_o that_o be_v indict_v or_o appeal_v only_o for_o manslaughter_n which_o be_v not_o name_v in_o this_o act_n nor_o can_v be_v rational_o comprehend_v in_o the_o word_n felony_n more_o than_o murder_n may_v have_v be_v may_v not_o challenge_v thirty_o five_o juror_n as_o at_o common_a law_n so_o it_o may_v be_v a_o quaere_fw-la where_o the_o prisoner_n indict_v only_o of_o manslaughter_n shall_v stand_v mute_a or_o will_v not_o answer_v direct_o to_o the_o indictment_n whether_o notwithstanding_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v his_o clergy_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 1_o of_o ed._n 6._o c._n 12._o and_o other_o statute_n that_o take_v away_o clergy_n from_o such_o offence_n and_o offender_n as_o be_v therein_o mention_v take_v it_o away_o as_o well_o from_o such_o as_o stand_v mute_a answer_v indirect_o or_o challenge_v peremptory_o above_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o as_o from_o those_o that_o be_v convict_v by_o verdict_n or_o confession_n upon_o their_o arraignment_n otherwise_o such_o as_o stand_v mute_a answer_v indirect_o or_o challenge_v peremptory_o may_v have_v have_v their_o clergy_n as_o the_o act_n seem_v to_o imply_v otherwise_o it_o have_v not_o take_v clergy_n away_o in_o those_o case_n the_o judgement_n of_o pain_n for_o it_o &_o dure_v that_o be_v pain_v grievous_a and_o durable_a be_v not_o at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o ordain_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o west_n 1._o make_v anno_fw-la 3_o ed._n 1._o whereby_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o notorious_a felon_n open_o know_v of_o evil_a name_n who_o will_v not_o put_v themselves_o upon_o inquest_n of_o felony_n which_o man_n do_v prosecute_v at_o the_o king_n suit_n shall_v be_v put_v in_o hard_a and_o strong_a prison_n as_o they_o which_o refuse_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v intend_v of_o prisoner_n which_o be_v take_v of_o light_a suspicion_n by_o which_o statute_n it_o do_v appear_v that_o none_o shall_v be_v judge_v to_o this_o pain_n if_o there_o be_v not_o evident_a or_o probable_a matter_n to_o convince_v he_o of_o the_o offence_n whereof_o he_o be_v arraign_v or_o otherwise_o 211._o that_o he_o be_v a_o notable_a thief_n or_o open_o know_v to_o be_v of_o evil_a name_n which_o the_o judge_n ought_v strict_o to_o examine_v before_o he_o proceed_v to_o this_o judgement_n against_o he_o it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_o which_o the_o law_n be_v never_o in_o favorem_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la to_o extend_v this_o statute_n to_o manslaughter_n which_o may_v be_v sudden_o commit_v by_o one_o of_o good_a name_n and_o fame_n and_o not_o a_o notorious_a thief_n as_o this_o act_n mention_n and_o yet_o may_v have_v a_o obstinate_a humour_n to_o refuse_v trial_n challenge_v peremptory_o and_o make_v indirect_a pleas._n it_o be_v the_o severe_a judgement_n that_o i_o know_v the_o law_n pass_v upon_o any_o offender_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v extend_v further_a than_o the_o plain_a understanding_n of_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n a_o sentence_n so_o severe_a that_o i_o think_v never_o english_a man_n as_o yet_o though_o many_o have_v be_v press_v to_o death_n have_v the_o heart_n to_o execute_v it_o according_a to_o the_o letter_n which_o sentence_n be_v as_o follow_v that_o the_o prisoner_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o the_o prison_n from_o whence_o he_o come_v 2._o and_o put_v into_o a_o mean_a house_n stop_v from_o light_n and_o there_o shall_v be_v lay_v upon_o the_o bare_a ground_n without_o any_o litter_n straw_n or_o other_o cover_n and_o without_o any_o garment_n about_o he_o save_v something_o to_o cover_v his_o privy_a member_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v lie_v upon_o his_o back_n and_o his_o head_n shall_v be_v cover_v and_o his_o foot_n bare_a and_o that_o one_o of_o his_o arm_n shall_v be_v draw_v with_o a_o cord_n to_o one_o side_n of_o the_o house_n and_o the_o other_o arm_n to_o the_o other_o side_n and_o that_o his_o leg_n shall_v be_v use_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o that_o upon_o his_o body_n shall_v be_v lay_v so_o much_o iron_n and_o stone_n as_o he_o can_v bear_v and_o more_o and_o that_o the_o first_o day_n after_o he_o shall_v have_v three_o morsel_n of_o barley-bread_n 19_o without_o any_o drink_n and_o the_o second_o day_n he_o shall_v drink_v so_o much_o as_o he_o can_v three_o time_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v next_o the_o prison-door_n save_v running-water_n without_o any_o bread_n and_o this_o shall_v be_v his_o diet_n until_o he_o die_v another_o inconvenience_n may_v arise_v where_o the_o party_n indict_v and_o arraign_v only_o of_o manslaughter_n shall_v plead_v a_o foreign_a plea_n of_o something_o do_v in_o another_o county_n to_o the_o delay_n of_o justice_n the_o statute_n of_o the_o 22_o h._n 8._o c._n 14._o only_a provide_v in_o case_n of_o petit_n treason_n murder_n or_o felony_n that_o foreign_a plea_n in_o those_o case_n shall_v be_v try_v before_o the_o same_o justice_n before_o who_o such_o person_n shall_v be_v arraign_v and_o by_o the_o same_o juror_n of_o the_o same_o county_n that_o shall_v try_v the_o petit_fw-fr treason_n murder_n or_o felony_n 27._o if_o a_o man_n be_v indict_v of_o treason_n he_o may_v plead_v a_o foreign_a plea_n which_o shall_v be_v try_v in_o another_o county_n otherwise_o in_o case_n of_o murder_n petit_fw-fr treason_n and_o felony_n another_o inconvenience_n may_v be_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 6_o h._n 6._o 8._o c._n 6._o by_o that_o statute_n the_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n be_v impower_v to_o remit_v the_o body_n of_o felon_n and_o murderer_n remove_v thither_o to_o be_v try_v in_o the_o county_n and_o their_o indictment_n remove_v into_o that_o court_n which_o before_o they_o can_v not_o do_v by_o the_o common_a law_n because_o a_o record_n that_o be_v once_o bring_v into_o the_o high_a court_n can_v not_o be_v remand_v to_o a_o inferior_a 157._o stamf._n fol._n 157._o this_o statute_n only_o provide_v in_o case_n of_o felony_n and_o murder_n not_o manslaughter_n the_o last_o inconvenience_n i_o shall_v mention_v though_o i_o can_v many_o more_o by_o reason_n of_o indictment_n of_o manslaughter_n will_v be_v in_o city_n and_o burrough_n and_o corporation_n that_o have_v power_n to_o try_v murder_n and_o felony_n the_o statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 13._o 8._o c._n 13._o provide_v that_o in_o trial_n of_o murder_n and_o felony_n their_o proceed_n shall_v not_o stay_v as_o former_o or_o be_v delay_v by_o reason_n of_o challenge_n of_o such_o offender_n for_o lack_v of_o sufficiency_n of_o freehold_n to_o the_o great_a hindrance_n of_o justice_n but_o that_o if_o the_o juror_n be_v worth_a in_o monies_n and_o personal_a estate_n forty_o pound_n they_o shall_v not_o be_v challenge_v but_o admit_v it_o will_v be_v a_o very_a extort_a construction_n that_o upon_o this_o statute_n and_o the_o other_o before_o shall_v bring_v in_o manslaughter_n under_o the_o word_n felony_n conuerso_fw-la whatever_o
practice_n be_v or_o have_v be_v use_v to_o the_o contrary_n i_o conceive_v it_o fit_a to_o be_v better_o consider_v for_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a in_o all_o case_n much_o less_o in_o this_o without_o or_o against_o a_o rule_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n to_o justify_v practice_n by_o practice_n this_o happy_o in_o the_o end_n may_v prove_v a_o common_a thief_n to_o be_v a_o honest_a man_n beside_o observe_v the_o pen_n of_o other_o statute_n and_o that_o will_v give_v a_o clear_a light_n to_o the_o understanding_n of_o these_o by_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 27_o of_o h._n 25._o 8._o c._n 25._o it_o be_v enact_v that_o no_o person_n or_o person_n of_o what_o estate_n or_o degree_n soever_o shall_v have_v power_n or_o authority_n to_o pardon_n or_o remit_v any_o treason_n murder_n manslaughter_n or_o felony_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v etc._n etc._n here_o you_o see_v the_o maker_n of_o this_o law_n mention_v the_o word_n and_o offence_n of_o manslaughter_n in_o terminis_fw-la and_o not_o leave_v it_o to_o be_v understand_v or_o to_o be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o word_n other_o felony_n though_o it_o be_v most_o comprehensive_o say_v or_o felony_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v so_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o ph._n 13._o &_o mar._n c._n 13._o that_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n one_o being_n of_o the_o quorum_fw-la when_o any_o prisoner_n be_v bring_v before_o they_o for_o any_o manslaughter_n or_o felony_n before_o any_o bailment_n or_o mainprize_n shall_v take_v the_o examination_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o information_n of_o the_o accuser_n and_o certify_v it_o at_o the_o next_o goal-delivery_n etc._n etc._n here_o you_o see_v manslaughter_n and_o felony_n both_o express_v as_o necessary_a several_a time_n in_o the_o act._n so_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 12._o 8._o c._n 12._o that_o direct_v the_o manner_n of_o punish_v of_o offence_n in_o the_o king_n palace_n or_o house_n say_z all_o treason_n misprision_n of_o treason_n murder_n manslaughter_n and_o other_o malicious_a striking_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o divers_a other_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o might_n be_v show_v that_o make_v or_o intend_v any_o provision_n against_o manslaughter_n do_v particular_o name_v the_o word_n manslaughter_n and_o never_o leave_v it_o to_o be_v intend_v or_o include_v in_o the_o word_n felony_n 98._o it_o be_v true_a that_o by_o a_o commission_n grant_v to_o certain_a person_n to_o inquire_v of_o all_o felony_n they_o may_v thereby_o take_v indictment_n of_o murder_n though_o a_o pardon_n of_o all_o felony_n will_v not_o avail_v he_o who_o have_v commit_v murder_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v 13_o r._n 2._o 1._o and_o the_o commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n make_v to_o the_o judge_n every_o assize_n that_o enable_v they_o to_o inquire_v of_o all_o offence_n have_v these_o express_a word_n in_o it_o and_o of_o whatsoever_o murder_v felony_n manslaughter_n kill_n not_o leave_v manslaughter_n to_o be_v intend_v by_o the_o general_a word_n of_o felony_n or_o kill_n many_o more_o inconvenience_n may_v be_v show_v but_o these_o with_o what_o have_v be_v before_o show_v may_v be_v sufficient_a until_o better_a reason_n appear_v to_o satisfy_v any_o understanding_n grand_a juror_n to_o esteem_v it_o much_o the_o better_a way_n to_o find_v such_o bill_n murder_v rather_o than_o manslaughter_n there_o be_v every_o way_n less_o inconvenience_n in_o it_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n until_o by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o parliament_n they_o be_v alter_v and_o much_o more_o of_o satisfaction_n and_o safety_n to_o their_o own_o private_a conscience_n that_o stand_v so_o deep_o engage_v to_o discover_v blood-guilty_a person_n and_o to_o suppress_v and_o silence_v the_o cry_n of_o innocent_a blood_n that_o by_o our_o law_n in_o the_o first_o place_n cry_v to_o grand_a juror_n for_o vengeance_n against_o the_o murderer_n and_o manslayer_n it_o now_o remain_v that_o two_o objection_n be_v answer_v that_o happy_o to_o such_o as_o do_v not_o well_o weigh_v and_o consider_v they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v of_o some_o force_n against_o what_o have_v be_v herein_o say_v to_o the_o contrary_a the_o one_o be_v the_o general_a liberty_n and_o constant_a practice_n grand_a juror_n have_v take_v ever_o since_o the_o make_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 1._o 8._o c._n 1._o to_o find_v as_o they_o please_v either_o murder_n or_o manslaughter_n not_o as_o the_o indictment_n come_v to_o their_o hand_n from_o the_o king_n council_n but_o as_o they_o apprehend_v the_o evidence_n that_o be_v bring_v to_o they_o take_v upon_o themselves_o not_o only_o the_o sole_a judgement_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o what_o the_o law_n be_v that_o arise_v upon_o the_o say_a fact_n take_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o law_n therein_o from_o the_o court_n although_o they_o hear_v but_o one_o side_n and_o put_v in_o and_o put_v out_o what_o they_o please_v in_o such_o indictment_n notwithstanding_o it_o appear_v to_o they_o the_o party_n indict_v be_v guilty_a of_o shed_v innocent_a blood_n vary_v the_o species_n of_o murder_n and_o manslaughter_n as_o they_o please_v until_o after_o arraignment_n of_o the_o prisoner_n it_o be_v too_o late_o to_o amend_v it_o as_o i_o have_v often_o know_v the_o other_o objection_n be_v and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o some_o weight_n and_o authority_n in_o law_n against_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o mr._n justice_n stamford_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v of_o another_o opinion_n viz._n that_o a_o grand_a jury_n may_v find_v the_o special_a matter_n in_o the_o indictment_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o the_o prisoner_n kill_v the_o other_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la or_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o the_o party_n upon_o his_o arraignment_n may_v either_o confess_v or_o estrange_v himself_o from_o the_o fact_n and_o plead_v not_o guilty_a to_o the_o first_o objection_n as_o to_o the_o liberty_n and_o practice_n of_o grand_a juror_n to_o the_o contrary_a so_o long_o use_v i_o answer_v it_o have_v be_v before_o in_o this_o treatise_n sufficient_o make_v out_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n and_o mischief_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n that_o be_v the_o consequence_n of_o such_o practice_n and_o that_o be_v grant_v as_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v i_o suppose_v no_o wise_a man_n will_v think_v that_o the_o long_a practice_n of_o such_o a_o error_n will_v justify_v it_o or_o encourage_v the_o long_a continuance_n of_o it_o in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o law_n and_o justice_n and_o in_o so_o high_a and_o tender_a a_o offence_n as_o the_o disquisition_n of_o blood_n be_v although_o in_o inferior_a county_n court_v where_o many_o time_n be_v ignorant_a judge_n and_o mean_a clerk_n and_o in_o ordinary_a offence_n this_o maxim_n may_v hold_v good_a that_o communis_fw-la error_n facit_fw-la jus_fw-la that_o the_o common_a practice_n of_o a_o error_n make_v it_o the_o law_n of_o the_o court_n and_o not_o convenient_a to_o be_v alter_v yet_o i_o have_v never_o observe_v that_o maxim_n to_o take_v place_n in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o justice_n in_o this_o kingdom_n before_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o court_n at_o westminster_n justice_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n justice_n of_o goal-delivery_n and_o justice_n of_o assize_n who_o sit_v not_o to_o practise_v but_o to_o correct_v and_o destroy_v error_n of_o all_o kind_n especial_o in_o trial_n of_o man_n life_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n and_o whoever_o shall_v urge_v that_o maxim_n against_o what_o i_o have_v here_o say_v do_v by_o that_o sufficient_o grant_v what_o i_o have_v here_o endeavour_v to_o prove_v viz._n the_o error_n and_o inconvenience_n of_o such_o practice_n which_o ought_v no_o more_o to_o be_v continue_v than_o a_o long_a custom_n when_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v unreasonable_a but_o i_o shall_v never_o allow_v neither_o can_v it_o be_v prove_v that_o there_o have_v be_v in_o this_o kingdom_n such_o liberty_n and_o practice_n allow_v and_o indulge_v by_o the_o reverend_n and_o learned_a judge_n to_o grand_a juror_n to_o find_v and_o alter_v indictment_n bring_v unto_o they_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n as_o they_o themselves_o please_v and_o judge_v convenient_a they_o be_v as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o not_o the_o judge_n nor_o the_o trier_n but_o presenter_n of_o a_o fact_n of_o blood_n fit_a for_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n who_o only_o be_v the_o proper_a judge_n of_o the_o fact_n for_o none_o can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v proper_a judge_n of_o any_o fact_n in_o controversy_n that_o hear_v but_o one_o side_n for_o grand_a juror_n hear_v no_o more_o and_o therefore_o ought_v in_o law_n reason_n and_o conscience_n where_o they_o find_v a_o guilty_a person_n that_o have_v have_v his_o hand_n in_o blood_n