his goods after him These tumults Planta hath not onely caused as is manifest by many vvitnesses Viua voce but he hath also granted transportation of Commodities without knowledge of the State in a time when the passages were shut and commerce forbidden betweene vs and Millan though at the same time his Brother Pompeius wrote to him that Monsieur Gueffier the French Embassadour had importuned Maximilian Mora to desire the stopping of the passage and entercourse alledging that he desired a commotion and sedition among vs. And now this present yeere 1618. some of our Comminalties rising in Armes to remedy this mischiefe hee presently bound by Oath the men of his Circuit to demand aide of others thereby to mooue a Ciuill warre that the common people butchering one another he might subdue the stronger part remaining and so make himselfe vniuersall and absolute Lord of all the Countrey But foreseeing that this plot vvould faile him and doubting that hee should be cited to answere the Law for his notorious mis-demeanours he presently fled vpon his flight he was according to custome diuers times summoned and neuer appeared Seeing therefore he hath vsurped the chiefe Authoritie of our Countrey as to giue and abolish Lawes to make and renounce Leagues to create and depose Magistrates to dispose of Warre and Peace and hath vsed this his power with all manner of perfidie deceit violence tyrannie and Treason he hath beene by the Law and Iustice of our Countrey condemned to perpetuall banishment from all the Three Confederations Generall and left free to the Birds of the ayre with a reward and Fee of a thousand Crownes to him shall bring him aliue into our Countrey and to him shall bring in his head fiue hundred Crownes besides his freeing from the Proclamation if hee stand banished for any other offence but Treason against the State or wilfull murther which money shall be paid out of the Common Treasury And in case he be apprehended in our Country or yeeld himselfe into the hands of the Three Confederations Generall that then the Magistrate shall call a Court of Iustice of the Three Confederations and without any farther Processe shall order that he be forthwith executed and quartered by the common Hangman and his quarters to be set vp in the common high waies all his goods to be confiscate to the Chamber of the common Treasurie sauing the dowrie of his wife and the paiment of his cleere debts his house to be razed and two pillars set vp in the place to his perpetuall infamy and that Comminaltie which shall refuse to execute this Sentence and shall succour him with meate drinke or lodging shall forfeit their Right in the Confederation and besides for euery such offence shall be fined in a thousand Crownes and if he be a priuate person he shall be depriued of his honours and forfeit a thousand Crownes but he that is not worth so much in goods or lands shall forfeit his life and lastly if any speake of his Pardon write to him or talke with him or shall receiue or reade his Letters shall likewise lose his life In this Interim vpon the 22. of August Nicolo Rusca da Lugano Arch-priest of Sondrio in Valtelina was accused who formerly had beene imprisoned by the People for hauing conspired with Iohn-Paolo Quadrio of Ponte Vincēzo Gatto of Coira to kil Signor Scipione Calandrino late Preacher in Sondrio in case they could finde him vpon the State of Millan or else to carry him out of our State to Millan or to Rome as diuers times heretofore it had happened to others as Michael Ciappino hath publiquely confessed both vpon the Torture and after who being resolued to act this his bloudy purpose Calandrino had notice by some of his friends that the Arch-priest lay in waite for his life and had his Spies vpon him as appeared by a Briefe of his sent to Ciappino by a yong Lad wherin he giues him aduertisement when and in what place he might come with his complices and in what manner hee might performe that felonious act where vpon Ciappino was imprisoned in the yeere 1698. in the moneth of September vnder the charge of Captaine Iohn Corn of Castelmur where vpon proofe of the Euidence hee suffered death as appeares by his Processe and the confessions vnder the hand and seale of the said Signor Capitan◅ Ciappino had to this purpose made choise of certaine Ferry-men Andrea Serem da Como Iohn Pifer the Traona and Battista Domini da Menus who in the yeere 1594. Iuly were all executed because being at the Ferry-place of the Riuer Adde where Calandrino was retyred they would violently haue haled him into their Barque but they were apprehended by Signor Capitano Artman de Artmani and the whole businesse being proued against them they were for the said murtherous conspiracie and treasonable plot condemned to die Moreouer this Rusca had shewed himselfe a Rebel and disobedient to the supreme Magistrate of the Three Confederations Generall because hee embezeled and defaced the Decrees and Records of that Office and afterwards holding his Congregation in the Cloisters at Sondrio there were heard many seditious and rebellious words by diuers honest men in the streets which they haue fully testified and proued and as since hath beene confirmed by Nicolo Carbonera both vpon and after Torture affirming moreouer that hee had giuen counsaile to cancell some Decrees of his owne State by the procurement of the French Embassadours in whom Signor Iulio della Torre had great interest to preuaile as a faithfull and trustie friend of theirs That he had also hindred the free course of preaching the Gospell He had so farre made himselfe Master of the peoples will that the Officers of Valtelina fearing some sodaine tumult insurrection durst not lay open his horrible crimes and transgressions In the time while Fort Fuentes was building he retyred to Morbegno where as is prooued by diuers Testimonies his own confession he perswaded the people not to make warre with so Catholique a Prince as the King of Spaine but to keepe their consciences free and to aske him pardon for their fault resisting by that meanes the Proueditor of the Confederations Generall who was forced patiently to dissemble this rebellious affront and albeit he was resolued to charge him herewithall before the Councellors and Comminalties yet he deferred it till the fourth of August 1608. at what time hee was summoned before the Comminalties and in Nouember after before the Iustice Court of the Three Confederations Generall of both the Religions but being conscious of his own guiltinesse he neuer appeared He hath also by assistance of his Complices laboured to corrupt and drawe many men to his partie as appeares by Letters of his written to a friend the 22 23 and 24. of December the same yeere as also by the testimonie of diuers honest men wherevpon euen they that were corrupted by him haue receiued condigne punishment but yet with clemencie He
necessary Reformation Whereupon the Magistrates calling into consideration the importance of the businesse and other waighty reasons resolued to propound these gneuances to the Councellers Comminalties of the People as to the supreme Magistrate whom they ought and must obey And accordingly in a Synode holden in April 1618. by the Protestant Diuines they drew a Bill the same in substance with that former to be offered to the Councellers and Comminalties ouer all their Churches earnestly requiring and humbly beseeching that a speedy course might be taken by the States Generall for remedy of so great an inconuenience by all the faire wayes and ordinary meanes possible without tumult or disturbance of the State for the recouery of their liberty Spirituall and Ciuill and for their freeing from the treacherous Complots and perfidious Treaties which some of our men haue entertained with diuers Princes and forraine States yet so as not to prouoke these men to indignation despight or wicked deliberations but rather to carry the businesse with such temper and moderation that as the faithfulnesse integrity of our fore-fathers is honoured and magnified by vs so ours to our posterity might be recommended And though this our endeuours to a milde and quiet proceeding hath beene published and made knowne to the world yet the chiefe heads of that corruption haue laboured with all their might to crosse our deseignes to turne all to smoake and to continue in their former practices and violent insolencies Hereupon they of the Clergie haue with more vehemency vrged and pressed in their Sermons for a generall reformation of the State and that the people would make choyce of some honourable Persons of the Country such as were vnpassionate and free from any interest or engagement with other Princes or States to whom they might lay open the notorious perfidie of some men tyrannising amongst them as an insolency no longer to be endured and the principall cause of hindering the intended Reformation Into this number the Adherents and Clyents of these treacherous and malicious men presently intruded forcing themselues by all possible meanes to hinder and make frustrate all the good effects by good men desired Whereupon the people despairing to bring the businesse to any wished yssue by so small a number of persons deputed and finding that these tyrannisers ouer the State could no wayes be ouer-topped but by a greater number they proceed not by way of resistance and force but by pluralitie of voices and by exclusion of all sorts of corruptions and false insinuations To which purpose the fiue Comminalties of the lower Agnadina lying vnder the Waltasna with those of Munstertal met together in the end of Iune last earnestly by their letters solliciting all the other Cōminalties and Deputies of the Three Confederations to do the like and iointly to assist them as a people oppressed and afflicted their ancient power and authority being wrested from them and engrossed and vsurped by certaine priuate persons their voices falsified their Lawes changed and their goods daily and vnduly taken from them vnder pretext of Magistracie Iustice to the end the new Lawes might be abrogated their ancient Countrey restored to the former libertie the Treasures of Princes and States forraine might not bee seazed vpon by priuate persons without the knowledge and consent of the People as also that Princes might be no more abused and entertained with their false promises and perfidious treachery but that a lawfull and impartial Court of Iustice might be established by the whole Countrey for the punishment of these their transgressions formerly committed for the defence of all true-hearted and honest Compatriots Vpon these instant intreaties and admonitions there ioined presently with them certaine Comminalties of the Iurisdictions of the Cade with Ensignes display de and a great number of men namely they of the higher Agnadina Pregello Posclauia Firstenau and Berguno resoluing to assist their neighbours in the reformation of the publike State and establishing a lawfull and vnpassionate Court of Iustice against these traiterous Delinquents to their common country so that this proceeding might stand with the good liking approbation of the other Comminalties While this is in Treatie Rodulphus Planta chiefe head of the tyrannizing faction dwelling at Zernes in the lower Agnadina vpon Waltasna notwithstanding the safe-conduct which the people granted to him and his Ensignes by aduice and counsaile of his adherents fortifies himselfe with men and munition in his house and Tower anciently called Wildenberg placing there in Garrison and in the streets of Zernes 600. of his men all good souldiers taking an oath of them to defend him to keepe the passages throwe downe the Bridges and to make open and hostile warre against the Confederats and his neere neighbours He hath also demanded militarie succours from others thereby to drawe a ciuill Warre vpon his owne Countrey but they of Cade comming to assaile his house and hee doubting lest his men might be forced to render vp the Place and him in it as not being able to make head against so great a power of the Confederates perceiuing also that his taking of armes in such hostile manner had greatly incensed them against him one morning very early with some few of his trustiest followers he escaped and fledde Shortly after the house was assaulted and that which in the first furie was not spoiled and consumed was taken by Inuentory and carefully preserued Meane while the other Comminalties of the Three Confederations deputed their chiefe officers in Agnadina who in their Assembly resolued to send them an Embassage of certaine graue persons both Spirituall Temporall with offer to ioyne with them to reforme the Right Iustice in the whole State so that they would lay downe armes and dismisse those troupes But receiuing answere that the power and Adherents of the offenders was so great as that without more assistance it was vnpossible to effect what they had propoūded they gaue them good acceptance all the Comminalties of the Countrey laid downe their Ensignes vnited themselues vnto them First in Coira and then in Tosana a village in the Grison Confederation where in the Common Councell for the reestablishing of our State and gouernment they haue reuiued certaine ancient and laudable Prouinciall Lawes and made other new vpon occasions of these late transgressions but with all good temper and moderation whereunto they also that staide at home haue giuen their free consent the substance whereof is as followeth That both the Religions Reformed Catholique in all our Countreys and Iurisdictions shall haue their free exercise and euery Countrey be iointly defended by all the rest in the Religion it professeth That in all our Countreys euery Confederation Comminaltie Iurisdiction Persons priuate Nobles and common People shall be maintained in their Priuiledges Liberties Customes Honours and goods and shall be content in euery controuersie and suite of Law with one indifferent and vnpassionate Iudgement That our
THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE GRISONS IN THE YEERE 1618. WHEREIN ARE TRVELY and cleerely laid open the lawfull and vrgent causes of calling an Assembly of the Commons and of their due proceeding and Honourable prosecution of Iustice which they were enforced to vse against some false and perfidious Patriots in a full Congregation and with absolute power met together at TOSANA IMPRINTED AND PVBLISHED BY Commandement of the Lords the Heads the Counsailours and Commons of the Three Confederations of the Renowned Free States of the Grisons in maintenance of the Truth and remoouing all manner of calummation ANNO. 1619. TO THE READER HEe that will take an exact Suruey of the known World beginning at home and going as farre as Trauell History can lead him shall finde few people which are Aboriginalls and first Inhabitants of the Cities or Countries they now possesse But by settling of Collonies or In-roads and Inundations of Warre haue been transplanted The Saxons hither the Cimbrians into France the Gaules into Italy the Vandalls into Spaine the Greekes into the Kingdome of Naples the Scythians into Turky the Turks into Greece And these Grisons into this part of the Alpes anciently called Rhetia then Canninia after the vpper Slesia and now lastly in their own Language Growpijndter or Cōfederations This Countrey had the name of Rhetus who sled out of Tuscany from the fury of the Gaules in the yeere 187. before the comming of Christ and led with him many of the Inhabitants about Florence Pisa and Lucca seating them in these high in-accessible Mountaines And as a few weather-beaten Troians laid the foundation of Great Rome and some few fugitiue Citizens of Vincenza Padoa and other Townes in Lombardy fleeing the rage of the barbarous Gothes planted themselues in the Adriatick Marishes where they first began the renowned Venice So this handfull of Tuscans here planting and settling themselues are now growne to a warlike strong and populous Nation Such a fruitfull mother of children is Necessity begotten by old Time their Father that as the mother of Cyrus dreamed there springs a Vine in her wombe by which in time whole Countries are ouer-shadowed This Countrey lyeth betweene the Degrees 46. and 44. in Latitude part in Germany and part in Italy diuided by the Ridge of the Mountaine Splugen On this side they speake Dutch on the other Bergamasque Italian They haue free exercise of both Religions Reformed and Romane Here the Riuers of the Rhein and Tesin haue their heads that diuiding it selfe into seuerall Branches and disemboking into the German Ocean this other falling into the Po is carried by him into the Venetian Gulph It confineth East vpon Tiroll West vpon the Swisse-Cantons North vpon Constance Friburg and some parts of the House of Austria and South vpon the Countrey of Bergamo and State of Millan The hither part is Mountainous and therefore not so well able to sustaine the Inhabitants yet are there many fruitfull Valleys which besides their frugall and parsimonious maner of liuing supply that want Among these is Valtelina on the Italian side for this is so plentifull of Corne Cattle Wines other fruits as any part of Europe The chiefe Townes of this fruitfull Valley are Bormio Sondrio Tirano Posclauio Morbegno Traona and Telo whereof the Valley takes the name wherein are aboue 100000. soules The part on this side hath many Castles and Townes whereof Coira is the chiefe It standeth vpon the Riuer Lasgar it embraced the Christian faith the yeere 448. and in 744. had many priuiledges granted by Charlemain and the Bishop thereof made Rector of Rhetia Among other Liberties it hath the coyning of Money which passeth currant through the whole Country The nature and manners of this people may bee read by the Character of the Swisses For lying in the same Latitude and inhabiting the like Mountaines herein also they are like vnto them A people giuen to Tillage and Planting their grounds feeding vpon Butter Cheese Fish Bread Rootes Wine and but small store of Flesh vsing little Merchandize but much manifacture borne to Armes and brought vp to labour much addicted to exercise especially the Harquebuse hauing in diuers Townes and Villages Prizes for them which doe best They are also much delighted with hunting in the Mountaines of wilde Goates Bucks Beares Wolues and wilde Boares holding it a great honour to take of these Beasts and for a Trophey to naile their heads on their gates for which also sometime the State rewards them They are onely on this side the Countrey subiect to the Swisse and Dutch fault of excessiue drinking Their Countrey is diuided into three Cantons or Confederations The first is called The Confederation of Cadè or Ca-di-Dio that is Gods House the second is Lega Grisa and the third Lega delle Dritture or Iurisdictions Cadi Dio containes the City Territory of Coira the Valley of vpper and lower Agnadina with Bregaglia Lega Grisa contains the Valley of Mesolce and Calanca with the Lands of Rogoret Musocco with other Valleys besides on this side the Ridge of the Mountaines the Dritture containe the rest of the Countrey The first comprehendeth 21. Comminalties or Corporations the second 19. the third 10. These three Cantons make the Confederation Generall for though each of them haue their peculiar Magistrates Lawes Customes and Iustice ciuill and criminall yet the highest power and last Appeale is to the Senate or Assembly of the Three Cantons together called by them the Pibach Whereunto the first Confederation sends 23. Deputies or Commissioners the second 28. and the third 14. Where they propound consult and determine onely that for which they haue direction and command from their seuerall Cantons To this Senate likewise belongeth to treat and conclude Peace or Warre to make or reuoke Alliances and Leagues to establish or abrogate Statutes and Lawes to determine any difference betweene either of the Cantons or resolue any businesse concerning the generall good of the whole Countrey The places of Assembly are these Coira in the first Confederation Illiantum in the second and Dauosium in the last But if the Three Confederations are to treat a Businesse which they would haue kept secret there are onely admitted into Councell the Consull of Coira the Prouinciall Iudge of the Lega Grisa and the Amano or chiefe Iustice of the Dritture yet the voice to confirme all is that of the People if there be any Appeale For controuersies among themselues thus If a difference arise betweene the Three Confederations three or foure persons out of each are deputed with discharge of their Oath to their owne Confederation to arbitrate and compound the businesse If two be at difference the third determines it If between any of the Comminalties the Senate of all Three Confederations ioyntly depute Iudges of the businesse If betweene a priuate man the Confederations two or three Iudges are appointed out of euery seuerall Confederation If two Confederations haue a difference with the third
Planta of Zernes dwelling at Paschale in Donlesch who long before the Sētence was fled his Country for that it clearely appeared by his owne hand-writings by Letters of his Brother Rodulphus and diuers witnesses that the said Pompeius had vsurped vpon the libertie of his Country like a false Traitour had had secret practice with forraine Princes by which the Commonwealth was brought into eminent losse imminent precipitation Moreouer that hee had vsurped the supreme Magistracie in his owne Lieutenancy of Forstenau which hee procured of the Bishop of Coira for terme of thirtie yeeres contrarie to the Law and custome of the Countrey taking bonds of other Officers preferred by him to like places of Magistracie not to vndertake or conclude any businesse of importance without his knowledge or of his Brother Hee hath vvith the money of forraine Princes placed all such in the supreme gouernments of their common Countrey as stood affected and addicted to them and of vvhom they might serue themselues in all occurrences at their owne will pleasure as appeares among others in Lucio da Monte to vvhom he gaue at one time two thousand Florens of forraine Princes money and helped him to distribute them that by this meanes hee might the more easily obtaine the office of supreme Iudge Prouinciall of the Grison Confederation without disbursing one pennie of his owne as by his Letter to the said Pompeius appeareth wherby he was forced to execute his office at the beck and command of Pompeius that euery businesse might vvholly depend vpon him might passe after his humour and bee done out of his head and not according to the ancient Liberty of our Countrey He hath boldly coozened and abused such Princes and forraine States as gaue him any trust For once he was Broker for Monsieur Pasquale the French Embassadour to receiue distribute six thousand Crownes to be employed that the League wee had contracted vvith Venice might bee renounced by vs before the full date were expired In consideration whereof hee receiued a great present to his owne proper vse and behoofe besides three hundred Crownes in Donatiue and two hundred Frankes of annuall pension vvhich he thought too little as appeares by a Letter of one of his Adherents bearing date 12 Iuly 1612. Yet contrarily hee vvrites to his Brother Rodulphus and giues him Counsell to promise the State of Venice that if they vvould grant him a Collonels place vvith 500. Crownes of yeerely pension both in time of Warre and Peace vvith some honourable presents besides that then hee vvould secretly further their demaunds and toward France Millan and Austria he vvould seele vp one of his eyes such are the very expresse words of his Letter vvherein he further signifies that in case his brother vvere not satisfied with the command of a French company and that their falshood and double dealing were discouered that then hee vvould fall from France vnder colour of more vrgent reasons the better to palliate his falshood and excuse himselfe to neighbour Princes In which Letter also we find these very words Monsieur Gueffier the French Embassadour here resident would willingly there were a diuision and sedition among vs and that wee should earnestly labour Maximilian Mora the Millanese Secretarie that they would refuse vs intercourse and commerce with them of that State but I thinke he doth it to spare his Crownes that we might be wholly at his deuotion bound to no body else as though that passage were only in the power of the French In another of his to his Brother bearing date the 15. of April 1616. hee writes thus That cōcerning the Leauy of Souldiers here by the Venetians he meant to giue his cōsent and assistance but with condition that Signor Padauino should performe what hee had promised that is large Donatiues and though his Brother held still his French Cōpany yet he would doe his vttermost for the Venetians without any danger writing also in these vvords They cannot so easily fall vpon vs we haue God be praised more Souldiours strangers then they as for the French I esteeme them lesse and also worse for they cannot so easily piece their businesse with the Venetians and these men euer grow vpon vs. Lord God! who knowes what will become of the businesse We must put it to the venture and yet for conclusion I am fully resolued in spite of the French to act somewhat for mine owne best aduantage Moreouer in the said Letter wee finde these words I haue been ill at ease these two daies else had I aduised the French-man vpon whom I will haue an eye that hee shall not betray vs we shall not need many words but doe that which is requisite And yet the better to hide his secret practices he hath written to the neighbor Princes suggesting vnto them the meanes as appeares by his Letter how they might hinder the League the Venetians demanded of vs in time of their Warres that it might take no effect and albeit hee hath euer made faire shewe to the Venetian Commonwealth yet hee hath wrought our people with mony and other meanes to stop their passage through our Country to ioyne in League with the Millanese and to make him absolute Master of all our passages according to the intolerable Articles of the League propounded to vs by Millan Hee bound himselfe by strict Oath to the Arch-Dukes Highnesse of Inspruch vpon receiuing a great Lordship to be held in Fee of him as appeares by that Princes Letters of the 29. of Nouember 1613. the 26. of Ianuary 1615. and the 15. of October 1615. to be alwaies faithfull to his Highnesse as his Councellor and Vassall and to supply him with Souldiours at his demaund against all his enemies wheresoeuer howsoeuer and whensoeuer he should haue occasion And yet on the other side hee greatly mis-prized and vilified the authoritie of that Prince in a Letter of his to his Brother Rodulphus bearing date the 15. of April 1616. and counsailed him against Iustice and the Prerogatiue of that Prince in Agnadina but withall that the businesse might be cautelously and cunningly carried Afterwards hee solemnely protested by Oath in the publike Assēbly at Tauas 1617. that he was not effectiuely bound to any forraine Prince or State and yet without regard of his Oath wherby as a person now placed in Authoritie he stood bound nor hauing respect to his own Honour or reputation of our common Countrey he discouered to his Highnesse whatsoeuer was concluded in our Councell suggesting to that Prince that he should terrifie vs with threats in case wee vndertooke the Treatie of a League with Venice and protesting that if we receiued any hurt thereby the blame should lye vpon none but ourselues as appeares by the Contents of his Letter dated the 10. of May 1615. and of his answer from Inspruch the 25. of the same moneth He perswaded also his Highnesse that he would earnestly sollicite the Three Confederations Generall
both by Letter and other meanes that the Inhabitants of Tauas who haue many priuiledges might become his Subiects as appeares by his Letter of they of August 1614. Hee braggeth in another of his to his Brother that hee had intercepted some Letters of forrain Princes addressed to the Confederations Generall and because his practices succeeded oft-times to his wish his Brother and he vainely thought themselues so powerfull as they might doe what they list in their Countrey the reason was for that in all occasions of conuenting the Three Confederations Generall together they stil ouerswayed the Councels Iudgements vvith their pluralitie of voices great Clientele and Adherence c. But as the children of darknesse are wise in their generation so these Brothers had prouidently complotted that in case their perfidious treacheries were discouered they would then retyre themselues into Valtelina where their chiefest friends and dependants were or else some other-where to fortifie and arme themselues and so make a Ciuill warre vpon their natiue Countrey as Pompeius had formerly threatened who beeing aduertised that the Clergy would oppose his desseignes and especially the Spanish League he intended he audaciously answered amongst other his insolent speeches Let them looke to themselues lest they runne the like fortune that Zuinglius did in the warre of Zurich Hee therefore hauing committed these and many other heinous crimes and hauing brought his Countrey into great troubles in it selfe and great dis-reputation and disgrace with other Princes through his temerarious perfidie after many Citations by forme of Iustice and Law hee was vpon his contumacie banished for life froÌ„ the Three Confederations Generall with a Fine and Donatiue of a thousand Crownes to him that should bring him aliue into the hands of Iustice and fiue hundred Crownes out of the publike Treasurie to him that should bring in his head And in case he were taken in any of our Countreys or Iurisdictions that without further Processe hee should be executed by the common Hangman his quarters to be set vp vpon the high vvayes his house to be razed and two Pillars of infamy set vp in the place his goods confiscate to the Exchequer of the Three Confederations Generall and no man vpon paine of death euer to speake or treat for his Pardon whosoeuer should lodge him to forfeit a thousand Crownes and to be banished as he is for life and if any of our Comminalties should harbour him to bee excluded as perfidious out of the Letters Patents of the Confederation Vpon the 26. of August another Processe was framed against Rodâ—lphus Planta of Zernes Captaine of the Prouince of Valâ—eliâ—… and criminall Iudge in Zernes aforesaid and the neighbour Comminalties Captaine likewise of a Band of the Confederates for the French Kings seruice Against this man it was prooued by seuerall Processes Confessions Testimonies Writings and memorials of his own and his Brothers as also by Letters of other his Adherents that hee had by many and strange practices brought the whole power of the Supreme Magistrate of the Three Confederations into his owne hands vsing it with much tyrannie against both publique and priuate persons and falsely practising as well against our own Countreymen as against Princes and forraine States He hath treacherously betrayed his Countrey through his perfidious auarice as also all others that trusted him bringing vs all into discredit and displeasure with other States and thereby hath beene the cause of many Deliberations most preiudiciall and pernicious vnto vs. He hath intruded into the Magistrats place and power after this manner His Highnes of Inspruch hath some priuiledge in choosing the criminall Iudge of the lower Agnadina euery St. Georges day with the will and consent of the common people By this meanes and that Princes fauour Plâ—… hath beene chosen Iudge diuers yeeres together which time being expired hee hath sought no renewing or confirmation by the whole Bench of Iustice but hath boldly vsurped the power as if it had beene his owne by inheritance or purchase Moreouer of his own meeâ—e Authoritie hee hath arrogated the decision of ciuill or criminall causes by choosing those for Iudges that were for his purpose and he that would not be pliable to his will and submit himselfe to â—… Tyrannie was instantly cassed and another more obedient to his pleasure chosen whereby hee hath brought the Supreme power of the Magistrate to be at his deuotion and disposition without any contradiction in all places as farre as their whole Iurisdiction extendeth He hath also preferred others to places of gouernment especially such as could aduance any Creature and Adherent of his to the Supreme Magistracie bâ—… yet with condition that neither he nor they should conclude any thing of importance without his aduice and counsaile but should carry the businesse by his direction onely against the libertie of our common Country According to which complot he hath taken into his protection in his Castle of Coira Iohn Bishop of that place before he had obtained his Libertie or Pardon a man who for his treacherie to his Countrey and other offences had been banished from the Three Confederations Generall by a lawfull and vnpassionate iudgement of both the Religions which the said Planta hath done to haue the Bishop euer ready at his will and command for the appointing of any Officers chiefly within the precincts of Cadè In consideration whereof the said Bishop granted to Pompeius Planta the Lieutenancy of Forstenau for thirtie yeeres where as chiefe in the Bishops name hee hath power to appoint three Burgomasters and so hath he dealt with the yong Lord of Rasiuz and many other He hath also obtained of diuers great Families that when they shall haue any suites in Law depending in their Comminalties hee onely may haue the decision of their controuersies gaining power by that means to establish in the Office that man whom he shall preferre and these few yeeres last past some Gentlemen of good qualitie in the vpper Agnadina desirous to enioy their Liberties and custome of free Election he vvith his false and wicked practices so handled the matter as none but his owne Dependents were chosen to any Offices and seeking in the disposition of other Charges also to infringe the strength of pluralitie of voices he hath beene the cause of sixe mens death besides the endangering of many Iudges liues by force of Armes And knowing that Monsieur Pasquale was at that time in great credit and power with vs he secretly contracted with him as appeares by a Letter of his Brother and another of one of his Adherents bearing date the 22. of February 1611. and the 11. of Ianuary 1612. and by a Letter of Monsiour Pasquales owne hand vvhich Letter stood Planta in good steade and serued fitly his purpose for hauing got strict Intelligence vvith the Embassadour euery one that desired a Pension vvas forced to receiue it through Planta's hands by vvhich meanes he got of the Embassadour large summes of