they_o as_o the_o only_a remedy_n that_o they_o shall_v choose_v one_o or_o more_o to_o administer_v justice_n and_o to_o sit_v as_o sole_a arbitrator_n of_o all_o cause_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v unanimous_o agree_v to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o his_o or_o their_o judgement_n and_o determination_n in_o all_o their_o concern_v who_o be_v by_o mutual_a covenant_n to_o see_v justice_n impartial_o execute_v but_o because_o such_o judge_n or_o judge_n so_o constitute_v can_v execute_v their_o charge_n without_o a_o power_n able_a to_o force_v obedience_n in_o the_o disobedient_a and_o refractory_a it_o be_v also_o necessary_a that_o all_o agree_v to_o give_v to_o such_o judge_n or_o judge_n such_o power_n as_o be_v necessary_a to_o bring_v offender_n to_o just_a punishment_n and_o defend_v the_o commonwealth_n from_o violence_n and_o this_o power_n be_v thus_o transfer_v to_o the_o supreme_a authority_n choose_v viz._n by_o promise_n covenant_n or_o oath_n express_v or_o implicit_a to_o assist_v he_o or_o they_o with_o the_o hazard_n or_o life_n and_o estate_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o each_o man_n power_n in_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o execute_n justice_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o which_o necessity_n the_o supreme_a power_n to_o be_v judge_n and_o not_o the_o suject_n and_o this_o supreme_a power_n be_v not_o only_o to_o be_v judge_n of_o what_o be_v just_a betwixt_o one_o of_o his_o subject_n and_o another_o but_o also_o of_o what_o be_v just_a betwixt_o himself_o and_o any_o of_o they_o or_o all_o of_o they_o together_o yet_o be_v not_o all_o his_o action_n therefore_o just_a nor_o any_o of_o they_o just_a any_o further_a than_o they_o be_v conformable_a and_o consentaneous_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o reason_n whereby_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o assume_v to_o himself_o no_o great_a liberty_n of_o command_n over_o his_o subject_n person_n and_o estate_n then_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o accomplish_n those_o end_n for_o which_o he_o be_v constitute_v their_o prince_n viz._n execution_n of_o justice_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o if_o he_o assume_v any_o great_a he_o be_v absolute_o unjust_a unless_o that_o liberty_n be_v grant_v to_o he_o by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n for_o though_o the_o people_n transfer_v to_o their_o sovereign_n so_o much_o of_o their_o power_n and_o right_a as_o be_v necessary_a to_o execute_v justice_n yet_o this_o authorise_v he_o to_o be_v judge_n and_o oblige_v themselves_o to_o adhere_v to_o his_o decree_n do_v not_o make_v those_o decree_n of_o he_o to_o be_v all_o just_a for_o than_o be_v it_o impossible_a in_o this_o sense_n for_o any_o judge_n or_o arbitrator_n to_o do_v a_o act_n of_o injustice_n which_o be_v contrary_a to_o what_o have_v be_v already_o prove_v and_o therefore_o we_o conclude_v that_o when_o any_o prince_n or_o power_n in_o authority_n sovereign_a act_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n viz._n justice_n etc._n etc._n he_o do_v wicked_o and_o unreasonable_o in_o regard_n such_o action_n tend_v to_o the_o destruction_n both_o of_o himself_o and_o people_n though_o for_o any_o such_o act_n do_v he_o be_v not_o accountable_a to_o any_o earthly_a power_n for_o if_o you_o give_v his_o subject_n authority_n to_o call_v he_o to_o account_v for_o his_o action_n you_o must_v suppose_v the_o commonwealth_n dissolve_v in_o so_o do_v the_o minister_n of_o justice_n be_v disable_v to_o execute_v his_o duty_n because_o under_o check_n and_o restraint_n and_o in_o the_o power_n of_o other_o and_o thus_o far_o we_o have_v argue_v only_o upon_o those_o principle_n which_o mr._n hobbes_n make_v use_v of_o and_o which_o be_v before_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n both_o natura_fw-la and_o tempore_fw-la viz._n equality_n among_o man_n and_o self-preservation_n and_o this_o i_o have_v do_v and_o shall_v do_v not_o because_o it_o be_v my_o own_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o ground_n or_o foundation_n of_o good_a and_o evil_n but_o this_o principle_n of_o self-preservation_n and_o equality_n but_o to_o show_v out_o of_o these_o principle_n grant_v by_o mr._n hobbes_n that_o those_o eternal_a law_n of_o justice_n charity_n temperance_n reward_n virtue_n etc._n etc._n which_o he_o by_o the_o same_o principle_n seem_v to_o destroy_v or_o make_v the_o daughter_n only_o of_o civil_a government_n be_v the_o mother_n and_o the_o foundation_n of_o it_o and_o ground_v in_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o man_n so_o as_o to_o oblige_v he_o to_o act_v according_a to_o they_o though_o there_o be_v no_o civil_a magistrate_n in_o the_o world_n or_o though_o the_o magistrate_n positive_o command_v the_o contrary_n now_o reason_n will_v dictate_v to_o we_o another_o principle_n from_o whence_o and_o the_o same_o rule_n of_o equality_n and_o self-preservation_n already_o lay_v down_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v deduce_v and_o confirm_v more_o strong_o and_o effectual_o viz._n that_o justice_n and_o injustice_n right_o and_o wrong_n good_a and_o evil_a be_v not_o consequent_n only_o of_o a_o civil_a government_n so_o as_o to_o leave_v no_o place_n for_o any_o evasion_n to_o any_o man_n that_o will_v acknowledge_v that_o he_o ought_v to_o govern_v himself_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o reason_n and_o this_o principle_n be_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n which_o may_v be_v prove_v and_o be_v evident_a 1._o from_o the_o order_n of_o cause_n in_o the_o world_n it_o be_v to_o every_o man_n indifferent_a judgement_n that_o have_v any_o apparent_a and_o clear_a that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o first_o cause_n 2._o from_o the_o order_n and_o method_n of_o the_o universe_n itself_o and_o the_o admirable_a frame_n of_o it_o and_o the_o creature_n therein_o which_o show_v that_o they_o be_v not_o the_o effect_n of_o chance_n but_o of_o some_o wise_a and_o skilful_a architect_n 3._o from_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o man_n in_o all_o nation_n and_o of_o the_o wise_a man_n and_o great_a master_n of_o reason_n that_o have_v be_v in_o the_o world_n and_o that_o which_o the_o most_o part_n of_o all_o and_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o wise_a agree_v to_o at_o least_o be_v most_o probable_o true_a if_o therefore_o reason_n tell_v we_o we_o ought_v to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n the_o first_o cause_n creator_n and_o architect_n of_o the_o universe_n the_o same_o reason_n will_v also_o tell_v we_o that_o whatsoever_o perfection_n we_o perceive_v in_o ourselves_o or_o in_o the_o universe_n beside_o we_o must_v conclude_v to_o be_v in_o the_o creator_n and_o giver_n in_o a_o far_o high_a degree_n then_o in_o ourselves_o or_o the_o creature_n for_o nothing_o can_v give_v to_o another_o what_o it_o have_v not_o in_o itself_o let_v we_o therefore_o consider_v what_o thing_n we_o esteem_v the_o great_a perfection_n and_o excellency_n now_o above_o all_o other_o we_o set_v the_o high_a value_n upon_o power_n therefore_o in_o the_o first_o place_n we_o call_v god_n omnipotent_a and_o attribute_v to_o he_o all_o power_n and_o because_o power_n without_o goodness_n may_v be_v idle_a or_o hurtful_a as_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n in_o the_o second_o place_n we_o denominate_v he_o good_a which_o we_o see_v verify_v in_o that_o he_o have_v make_v use_n of_o his_o power_n in_o create_v we_o and_o give_v we_o whatsoever_o we_o have_v that_o we_o can_v call_v good_a and_o also_o because_o power_n without_o knowledge_n or_o wisdom_n may_v err_v in_o its_o operation_n therefore_o in_o the_o three_o place_n we_o denominate_v god_n wise_a or_o omniscient_a and_o in_o these_o three_o attribute_n or_o perfection_n be_v contain_v all_o other_o for_o he_o that_o have_v power_n and_o be_v thereby_o able_a to_o do_v all_o thing_n and_o wisdom_n and_o thereby_o know_v what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v and_o how_o best_o to_o do_v it_o be_v also_o good_a we_o be_v not_o to_o doubt_v but_o that_o we_o be_v to_o expect_v from_o he_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v the_o result_v of_o power_n wisdom_n and_o goodness_n cooperate_a hence_o therefore_o you_o may_v conclude_v that_o he_o be_v eternal_a true_a and_o just_a the_o opposite_n of_o which_o viz._n finite_a false_a and_o unjust_a be_v all_o contrary_a to_o the_o attribute_n of_o omnipotent_a good_a and_o omniscient_a it_o be_v thus_o demonstrate_v that_o every_o man_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o right_a reason_n must_v acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n and_o that_o this_o be_v suppose_v we_o must_v necessary_o believe_v that_o he_o be_v owner_n of_o all_o perfection_n and_o that_o those_o attribute_n aforementioned_a viz._n omnipotency_n omnisciency_n and_o goodness_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o great_a perfection_n and_o therefore_o he_o and_o we_o be_v all_o by_o the_o right_n of_o creation_n and_o dominion_n his_o subject_n we_o ought_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o reason_n to_o
mistake_v if_o any_o man_n will_v deliberate_o propose_v this_o end_n of_o government_n adjudge_v mr._n hobbes_n his_o monarchical_a tyranny_n to_o be_v such_o that_o be_v for_o all_o man_n to_o submit_v their_o life_n estate_n and_o all_o their_o concern_v only_o to_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o one_o man_n and_o he_o to_o be_v sole_a proprietor_n and_o lawful_a disposer_n of_o they_o all_o without_o do_v wrong_a or_o prejudice_n to_o any_o nay_o as_o it_o seem_v by_o his_o principle_n without_o possibility_n of_o do_v any_o injustice_n injury_n or_o evil_n such_o a_o absolute_a power_n in_o any_o one_o man_n hand_n be_v too_o great_a and_o unsafe_a unless_o we_o can_v suppose_v he_o always_o the_o best_a of_o man_n or_o little_o less_o than_o some_o divinity_n but_o suppose_v he_o be_v or_o become_v fool_n or_o madman_n or_o get_v some_o distemper_n in_o his_o brain_n either_o by_o sickness_n or_o any_o other_o accident_n how_o shall_v such_o a_o one_o manage_v the_o sword_n of_o justice_n with_o a_o equal_a hand_n his_o will_v and_o desire_n may_v be_v the_o same_o with_o caligula_n that_o all_o the_o people_n of_o his_o jurisdiction_n have_v but_o one_o head_n that_o he_o may_v cut_v they_o all_o off_o at_o one_o blow_n or_o the_o like_a fume_n of_o madness_n melancholy_a or_o extravagancy_n and_o certain_o no_o man_n have_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n whilst_o he_o see_v and_o know_v himself_o and_o all_o his_o concern_v in_o this_o life_n subject_n to_o the_o will_n humour_n and_o extravagancy_n of_o such_o a_o one_o can_v think_v he_o live_v happy_o or_o comfortable_o though_o he_o yet_o see_v the_o threaten_a dark_a storm_n fall_v beside_o himself_o if_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o if_o we_o do_v make_v a_o king_n it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o make_v he_o with_o a_o limit_a power_n because_o if_o there_o be_v any_o other_o power_n in_o be_v that_o can_v check_v and_o control_v he_o that_o power_n be_v saperiour_a to_o he_o and_o therefore_o he_o but_o a_o subject_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o he_o may_v have_v a_o power_n limit_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o natural_a justice_n and_o fquity_n which_o oblige_v all_o man_n king_n and_o other_o not_o to_o do_v wrong_n and_o limit_v also_o by_o positive_a and_o national_a law_n or_o express_v covenant_n to_o which_o he_o may_v be_v oblige_v by_o oath_n promise_v or_o covenant_n and_o such_o a_o limitation_n i_o only_o mean_v which_o be_v a_o sufficient_a obligation_n and_o restraint_n to_o a_o good_a and_o just_a or_o any_o reasonable_a and_o wise_a prince_n in_o a_o aristocratical_a government_n though_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o danger_n that_o all_o the_o ruler_n may_v agree_v together_o to_o destroy_v or_o abuse_v their_o subject_n yet_o do_v self-end_n and_o interest_n carry_v they_o very_o often_o upon_o project_n and_o private_a design_n and_o beget_v faction_n dangerous_a and_o of_o fatal_a consequence_n to_o the_o public_a a_o democratical_a government_n be_v most_o difficult_a to_o be_v continue_v some_z not_o withstand_v all_o caution_n and_o care_n of_o prevention_n grow_v more_o eminent_a and_o powerful_a than_o the_o rest_n and_o spur_v by_o ambition_n attempt_v the_o subversion_n or_o disturbance_n of_o the_o government_n and_o often_o at_o last_o grow_v too_o powerful_a for_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o change_v the_o face_n of_o the_o democratical_a into_o a_o monarchical_a government_n as_o in_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n do_v caesar_n etc._n etc._n to_o avoid_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o each_o several_a species_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o well_o compound_a government_n as_o that_o of_o england_n be_v the_o best_a under_o which_o it_o be_v most_o manifest_a that_o the_o people_n live_v the_o most_o happy_o i_o mean_v all_o sort_n and_o degree_n the_o commons_o as_o well_o as_o the_o lord_n of_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n where_o though_o there_o be_v one_o monarch_n and_o the_o government_n resemble_v that_o applaud_v by_o mr._n hobbes_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o pretend_v to_o that_o absolute_a arbitrary_a and_o unlimited_a power_n mr._n hobbes_n will_v give_v his_o prince_n the_o law_n and_o legislative_a power_n be_v not_o sole_o posit_v in_o he_o without_o the_o concurrence_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n by_o their_o representative_n though_o the_o execution_n of_o they_o only_o be_v in_o the_o king_n with_o other_o royalty_n and_o prerogative_n whereby_o he_o be_v sufficient_o enable_v to_o do_v justice_n among_o his_o subject_n and_o defend_v they_o against_o the_o strong_a of_o his_o and_o their_o enemy_n and_o though_o if_o you_o respect_v absolute_a power_n abstract_n from_o justice_n it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n to_o pervert_v these_o law_n establish_v at_o least_o as_o to_o the_o execution_n of_o they_o yet_o with_o justice_n he_o can_v do_v it_o nor_o without_o imminent_a danger_n to_o himself_o and_o his_o people_n for_o though_o subject_n ought_v not_o to_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o oppose_v and_o resist_v their_o prince_n action_n whether_o just_a or_o injust_a as_o have_v beer_n say_v otherwise_o then_o by_o petition_n or_o refuse_v to_o be_v the_o minister_n of_o these_o injust_a command_n and_o such_o doctrine_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v well_o instruct_v in_o with_o the_o reason_n thereof_o yet_o be_v it_o very_o difficult_a to_o impose_v this_o belief_n upon_o man_n for_o each_o man_n natural_o think_v himself_o concern_v as_o a_o subject_a to_o a_o high_a prince_n than_o any_o upon_o earth_n viz._n the_o god_n and_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n to_o maintain_v and_o uphold_v the_o eternal_a law_n of_o that_o king_n of_o king_n so_o that_o where_o a_o prince_n the_o great_a in_o the_o world_n do_v a_o act_n of_o apparent_a wrong_n and_o injustice_n or_o which_o be_v so_o construe_v and_o apprehend_v all_o party_n so_o understand_v and_o apprehend_v it_o do_v thereby_o conceive_v the_o majesty_n of_o that_o great_a king_n offend_v and_o consequent_o consider_v also_o the_o case_n to_o be_v of_o a_o general_a concernment_n and_o may_v be_v their_o own_o they_o desire_v and_o wish_v to_o see_v such_o irregularity_n as_o they_o conceive_v they_o reform_v and_o thereupon_o often_o engage_v in_o the_o quarrel_n unadvised_o and_o precipitately_a as_o be_v both_o god_n and_o their_o own_o private_a and_o that_o of_o all_o the_o world_n beside_o wherein_o to_o die_v a_o martyr_n must_v meed_n be_v meritorious_a not_o consider_v that_o the_o thing_n which_o they_o conceive_v to_o be_v unjust_a may_v not_o withstand_v be_v most_o just_a and_o reasonable_a and_o the_o error_n not_o in_o their_o prince_n but_o in_o their_o own_o private_a opinion_n and_o judgement_n and_o not_o consider_v that_o if_o the_o prince_n do_v pervert_v justice_n etc._n etc._n yet_o those_o particular_a act_n wherein_o he_o do_v so_o will_v not_o be_v of_o so_o bad_a a_o consequence_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o the_o remedy_n they_o do_v attempt_v viz._n a_o civil_a war_n which_o if_o so_o then_o be_v they_o themselves_o guilty_a of_o a_o great_a injustice_n in_o bring_v great_a calamity_n upon_o a_o nation_n to_o avoid_v the_o lesser_a and_o what_o great_a calamity_n can_v be_v then_o such_o a_o war_n now_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n be_v such_o that_o beside_o the_o old_a law_n approve_v by_o many_o age_n of_o experience_n no_o new_a law_n bind_v the_o people_n which_o be_v not_o or_o have_v not_o be_v ratify_v by_o their_o own_o consent_n the_o king_n therefore_o that_o be_v to_o rule_v according_a to_o those_o law_n wiâ—â—_n certain_o be_v more_o cautious_a in_o observe_v that_o they_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n then_o â—_o he_o be_v leave_v at_o liberty_n and_o unconfinedâ—_n and_o his_o own_o imperial_a command_n or_o eâ—dicts_n be_v only_o and_o single_o to_o be_v account_v law_n the_o diversity_n betwixt_o such_o a_o government_n as_o this_o of_o we_o and_o such_o a_o tyrannical_a government_n aâ—_n mr._n hobbes_n speak_v of_o be_v this_o iâ—_n we_o the_o people_n can_v say_v we_o have_v agree_v and_o submit_v to_o such_o and_o such_o law_n and_o no_o other_o and_o by_o these_o we_o desire_v to_o be_v rule_v and_o if_o you_o govern_v or_o handlâ—_n we_o otherwise_o you_o do_v we_o apparent_a wrong_n and_o let_v god_n and_o your_o own_o conscience_n judge_v betwixt_o we_o and_o youâ—_n whether_o you_o observe_v as_o you_o be_v oblige_v by_o the_o mutual_a covenant_n and_o engagement_n betwixt_o we_o and_o you_o but_o in_o these_o absolute_a monarchical_a tyranny_n there_o be_v no_o such_o mutual_a compact_n or_o agreement_n betwixt_o the_o sovereign_n and_o the_o people_n no_o positive_a law_n but_o the_o prince_n command_n or_o edict_n and_o the_o people_n agree_v or_o have_v agree_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o government_n have_v no_o other_o will_v then_o that_o â—f_n their_o
which_o another_o may_v not_o pretend_v as_o well_o as_o he_o see_v chartes_n in_o the_o beginning_n de_fw-fr methodo_fw-la to_o this_o purpose_n as_o to_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n which_o only_o make_v the_o man_n see_v therefore_o that_o all_o man_n be_v by_o nature_n equal_a in_o power_n and_o that_o measure_v the_o power_n of_o each_o man_n we_o shall_v measure_v his_o right_n and_o title_n to_o what_o he_o lay_v claim_v to_o as_o he_o be_v in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v adequate_a and_o proportionate_a to_o his_o power_n according_a to_o mr._n hobbes_n his_o principle_n the_o power_n of_o all_o man_n be_v equal_a by_o nature_n their_o right_a and_o title_n to_o all_o thing_n they_o lay_v claim_v to_o must_v be_v also_o equal_a and_o if_o their_o right_a and_o title_n be_v equal_a then_o ought_v their_o share_n and_o part_n to_o be_v equal_a in_o the_o say_a thing_n nature_n in_o give_v they_o equal_a power_n declare_v that_o they_o have_v equal_a right_n and_o aught_o to_o have_v equal_a portion_n thereof_o therefore_o though_o we_o agree_v with_o mr._n hobbes_n that_o every_o man_n in_o the_o stat_fw-la of_o nature_n have_v right_a to_o every_o thing_n yet_o do_v we_o not_o agree_v that_o this_o right_n extend_v to_o the_o whole_a thing_n if_o there_o be_v competitor_n but_o to_o a_o just_a and_o equal_a portion_n of_o it_o and_o from_o this_o fundamental_a thesis_n of_o equality_n in_o power_n among_o man_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n before_o the_o constitution_n of_o any_o commonwealth_n the_o rule_n man_n be_v to_o live_v by_o in_o this_o state_n of_o nature_n may_v rational_o be_v deduce_v as_o for_o example_n in_o those_o rule_n which_o be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o moral_a virtue_n which_o respect_v our_o neighbour_n i._o see_v man_n be_v equal_a by_o nature_n one_o man_n ought_v not_o to_o take_v to_o himself_o a_o great_a liberty_n in_o his_o action_n which_o respect_n or_o concern_v another_o man_n than_o he_o be_v willing_a another_o man_n shall_v in_o his_o action_n which_o respect_n or_o concern_v he_o for_o this_o will_v be_v a_o impugn_v the_o natural_a equality_n betwixt_o they_o in_o abridge_n the_o power_n of_o his_o fellow_n and_o enlarge_n his_o own_o and_o consequent_o the_o other_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o reason_n may_v and_o therefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v expect_v he_o will_v by_o force_n maintain_v and_o defend_v his_o own_o just_a right_n hence_o the_o rule_n of_o justice_n and_o equity_n do_v not_o to_o other_o what_o you_o will_v not_o they_o shall_v do_v to_o you_o from_o which_o it_o be_v evident_a 1._o that_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o take_v that_o liberty_n over_o the_o person_n of_o another_o as_o to_o affront_v abuse_n imprison_v hurt_n or_o kill_v he_o because_o he_o be_v not_o will_v another_o shall_v take_v the_o same_o liberty_n over_o he_o and_o this_o branch_n of_o justice_n concern_v the_o person_n and_o personal_a injury_n 2._o one_o man_n ought_v not_o to_o endeavour_v to_o abridge_v another_o of_o that_o right_n he_o have_v to_o all_o thing_n equal_o with_o himself_o because_o he_o be_v not_o will_v he_o himself_o shall_v be_v abridge_v in_o the_o same_o by_o another_o and_o this_o be_v the_o second_o branch_n of_o justice_n which_o concern_v the_o right_a and_o enjoyment_n of_o thing_n appertain_v to_o the_o person_n of_o each_o man_n ii_o see_v man_n be_v equal_a by_o nature_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n one_o man_n ought_v not_o to_o expect_v any_o great_a service_n as_o due_a to_o himself_o from_o another_o than_o he_o think_v due_a from_o himself_o to_o another_o for_o that_o be_v to_o abridge_v another_o man_n liberty_n in_o make_v he_o more_o a_o servant_n than_o his_o fellow_n contrary_a to_o the_o equality_n betwixt_o they_o and_o therefore_o according_a to_o reason_n he_o ought_v to_o expect_v that_o the_o other_o will_v maintain_v and_o defend_v his_o just_a right_n by_o force_n therefore_o see_v it_o be_v evident_a other_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o do_v more_o for_o you_o than_o you_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v for_o other_o do_v unto_o other_o as_o you_o will_v they_o shall_v do_v unto_o you_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o we_o ought_v to_o think_v ourselves_o oblige_v to_o do_v all_o good_a office_n for_o other_o upon_o every_o just_a occasion_n because_o we_o desire_v and_o think_v the_o same_o due_a to_o ourselves_o from_o other_o and_o this_o be_v call_v charity_n and_o these_o two_o virtue_n of_o justice_n and_o charity_n be_v the_o ground_n and_o the_o foundation_n and_o the_o very_a ligament_n of_o all_o humane_a society_n and_o all_o covenant_n or_o pact_n express_v or_o implicit_a whereby_o commonwealth_n be_v constitute_v or_o one_o man_n oblige_v himself_o to_o another_o be_v bind_v as_o act_n of_o natural_a justice_n which_o one_o man_n ought_v to_o observe_v towards_o another_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o reason_n ground_v upon_o equality_n and_o self-preservation_n it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o justice_n for_o a_o man_n to_o infringe_v his_o faith_n and_o promise_v give_v to_o another_o whereas_o he_o himself_o will_v not_o another_o shall_v do_v so_o to_o he_o and_o upon_o these_o two_o law_n of_o justice_n and_o charity_n all_o other_o moral_a virtue_n which_o respect_n our_o neighbour_n be_v ground_v and_o action_n be_v esteem_v virtuous_a or_o vicious_a good_a or_o evil_n as_o they_o be_v conformable_a or_o repugnant_a to_o these_o two_o law_n as_o for_o example_n to_o enumerate_v some_o particular_n gratitude_n be_v a_o point_n of_o justice_n in_o return_v kindness_n receive_v for_o as_o you_o will_v expect_v that_o other_o shall_v pay_v obligation_n of_o gratitude_n to_o you_o upon_o occasion_n so_o ought_v you_o to_o do_v to_o other_o so_o sincerity_n in_o all_o your_o deal_n and_o transaction_n with_o other_o be_v a_o point_n of_o justice_n because_o you_o desire_v other_o shall_v deal_v sincere_o with_o you_o so_o to_o keep_v promise_n or_o covenant_n so_o of_o mercy_n where_o you_o have_v have_v just_a provocation_n and_o suffer_v injury_n charity_n bid_v you_o pardon_n because_o you_o desire_v to_o be_v pardon_v all_o other_o virtue_n respect_v our_o neighbour_n be_v easy_o reducible_a to_o the_o same_o head_n contrary_n to_o these_o law_n and_o injurious_a to_o our_o neighbour_n be_v pride_n to_o arrogate_v to_o himself_o more_o than_o be_v due_a and_o to_o put_v too_o high_a a_o value_n upon_o himself_o and_o too_o low_a upon_o another_o this_o be_v injustice_n so_o of_o all_o kind_n of_o wrong_n as_o theft_n murder_n reproach_n affront_v backbiting_a slander_v lie_v malice_n envy_n hatred_n cheat_v dissemble_a etc._n etc._n no_o man_n be_v willing_a to_o suffer_v these_o thing_n from_o another_o therefore_o in_o natural_a justice_n he_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v they_o to_o another_o now_o there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o virtue_n and_o vice_n which_o have_v no_o respect_n to_o our_o neighbour_n or_o not_o so_o much_o to_o they_o as_o to_o ourselves_o and_o the_o measure_n of_o these_o with_o their_o reason_n and_o ground_n may_v be_v deduce_v only_o from_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n such_o be_v temperance_n in_o all_o thing_n that_o concern_v ourselves_o as_o in_o eat_v drink_v recreation_n study_n exercise_n either_o of_o the_o mind_n or_o body_n etc._n etc._n which_o action_n be_v so_o far_o allowable_a as_o they_o be_v consistent_a with_o self-preservation_n that_o be_v the_o health_n of_o our_o body_n and_o mind_n and_o if_o we_o exceed_v in_o they_o so_o far_o as_o to_o prejudice_v our_o health_n we_o destroy_v ourselves_o and_o sin_n against_o nature_n or_o the_o law_n of_o self-preservation_n and_o as_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v that_o justice_n charity_n and_o temperance_n with_o all_o their_o subordinate_a species_n do_v natural_o result_v from_o the_o consideration_n of_o these_o two_o maxim_n of_o equality_n and_o self-preservation_n without_o any_o reference_n or_o dependency_n upon_o a_o civil_a power_n of_o commonwealth_n so_o also_o do_v it_o appear_v of_o the_o notion_n of_o good_a and_o evil_n which_o in_o a_o moral_a sense_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o virtue_n and_o vice_n so_o that_o so_o long_o as_o man_n be_v man_n viz._n rational_a being_n and_o be_v act_v and_o govern_v by_o reason_n they_o must_v all_o necessary_o agree_v in_o these_o notion_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a every_o virtuous_a action_n be_v denominate_v good_a every_o vicious_a action_n evil_a and_o hereby_o it_o appear_v that_o these_o be_v not_o thing_n mere_o arbitrary_a or_o dependent_a upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o civil_a government_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o civil_a power_n shall_v make_v those_o action_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v good_a that_o be_v conduce_v to_o the_o general_a happiness_n of_o mankind_n
as_o justice_n charity_n and_o temperance_n to_o be_v evil_a or_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v evil_a as_o injustice_n uncharitableness_n intemperance_n to_o be_v good_a because_o always_o destructive_a to_o that_o happiness_n therefore_o these_o be_v not_o thing_n dependent_a upon_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n but_o the_o constitution_n of_o all_o civil_a government_n and_o commonwealth_n be_v depend_v upon_o they_o and_o if_o not_o frame_v according_a to_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v ruinous_a and_o pernicious_a to_o as_o many_o as_o live_v under_o such_o government_n or_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o for_o without_o natural_a justice_n charity_n and_o temperance_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o think_v any_o civil_a government_n can_v subsist_v the_o design_n of_o all_o civil_a government_n be_v the_o execution_n of_o these_o law_n in_o order_n to_o self-preservation_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o civil_a magistrate_n if_o these_o law_n can_v be_v make_v to_o be_v observe_v without_o their_o help_n nor_o do_v any_o benefit_n accrue_v to_o any_o people_n from_o their_o magistrate_n and_o government_n where_o these_o law_n and_o rule_n be_v not_o observe_v and_o to_o exempt_v the_o prince_n from_o the_o observation_n of_o they_o be_v to_o exempt_v the_o people_n who_o be_v to_o obey_v he_o and_o to_o reduce_v all_o thing_n into_o a_o chaos_n for_o these_o be_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n and_o self-preservation_n the_o nonobservance_n of_o they_o be_v to_o act_v contrary_a to_o both_o and_o the_o consequence_n destruction_n and_o that_o these_o law_n even_o in_o statuâ—_n naturae_fw-la do_v oblige_v in_o foro_fw-la conscientiae_fw-la viz._n to_o a_o desire_n that_o they_o shall_v take_v effect_n mr._n hobbes_n accord_v if_o then_o theâ—_n oblige_v to_o a_o desire_n wheresoever_o the_o enâ—_n self-preservation_n and_o the_o actual_a exerting_fw-mi of_o that_o desire_n may_v consist_v together_o they_o certain_o oblige_v to_o actual_a performance_n for_o whosoever_o be_v oblige_v to_o a_o desire_n that_o he_o may_v do_v a_o thing_n be_v certain_o oblige_v to_o do_v it_o where_o he_o may_v do_v it_o with_o safety_n especial_o where_o with_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n to_o himself_o and_o other_o now_o that_o the_o actual_a performance_n of_o these_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v always_o consistent_a with_o self-preservation_n be_v evident_a from_o what_o i_o have_v before_o show_v viz._n that_o they_o oblige_v only_o to_o do_v that_o which_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o right_a reason_n be_v most_o conduce_v to_o that_o end_n the_o actual_a performance_n whereof_o must_v needs_o be_v always_o requisite_a and_o therefore_o to_o say_v they_o oblige_v only_o in_o foro_fw-la interno_fw-la or_o to_o a_o desire_n be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v a_o man_n be_v oblige_v always_o to_o desire_v self-preservation_n but_o must_v not_o use_v the_o mean_n to_o secure_v it_o and_o as_o for_o that_o objection_n that_o the_o practice_n of_o justice_n and_o charity_n in_o a_o state_n of_o nature_n be_v not_o the_o mean_n to_o preserve_v ourselves_o because_o it_o will_v expose_v good_a man_n as_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o danger_n lust_n and_o passion_n of_o evil_a man_n who_o will_v observe_v no_o such_o law_n in_o their_o deal_n towards_o we_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v neither_o against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n nor_o reason_n or_o every_o man_n to_o stand_v upon_o his_o guard_n â—o_o be_v as_o cautious_a as_o he_o can_v and_o as_o jealous_a as_o he_o please_v or_o see_v cause_n of_o those_o with_o who_o the_o have_v to_o deal_v unless_o he_o 〈◊〉_d well_o acquaint_v with_o their_o disposition_n and_o temper_n and_o it_o be_v very_o lawful_a for_o he_o to_o put_v himself_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o deâ—â—nd_v and_o preserve_v his_o own_o right_a but_o in_o â—o_o do_v he_o must_v not_o prejudice_v another_o for_o that_o be_v to_o provoke_v and_o pull_v â—ose_a danger_n upon_o himself_o against_o which_o he_o desire_v to_o secure_v himself_o for_o â—he_n rule_n of_o justice_n do_v not_o to_o other_o what_o â—â—u_n will_v not_o other_o shall_v do_v to_o you_o â—lls_v every_o man_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n as_o have_v be_v show_v that_o he_o be_v not_o to_o inure_v another_o and_o the_o same_o rule_n tell_v â—s_a that_o whosoever_o do_v to_o we_o a_o injury_n â—â—at_a person_n thereby_o declare_v that_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o enemy_n and_o must_v in_o reason_n and_o justice_n expect_v a_o like_a return_n of_o hostility_n for_o he_o who_o do_v injury_n aught_o in_o justice_n and_o equity_n to_o expect_v the_o same_o and_o can_v complain_v of_o injustice_n if_o the_o party_n injure_v take_v from_o he_o the_o power_n of_o do_v he_o any_o further_a injury_n even_o by_o take_v away_o his_o life_n if_o in_o reason_n it_o appear_v he_o can_v otherwise_o secure_v his_o own_o but_o where_o more_o gentle_a proceed_n be_v likely_a to_o take_v place_n there_o the_o rigorous_a be_v always_o to_o be_v avoid_v because_o more_o dangerous_a to_o ourselves_o and_o destructive_a to_o other_o so_o that_o though_o by_o the_o rigour_n of_o justice_n you_o may_v requite_v one_o injury_n with_o another_o yet_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o charity_n you_o be_v to_o suffer_v injury_n and_o do_v good_a for_o evil_n and_o forgive_v your_o enemy_n because_o you_o desire_v when_o you_o offend_v other_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n to_o be_v favourable_o deal_v with_o and_o forgive_v yourself_o beside_o it_o be_v more_o safe_a to_o spare_v a_o enemy_n then_o prosecute_v he_o with_o the_o utmost_a rigour_n lest_o either_o he_o himself_o shall_v in_o a_o desperate_a condition_n make_v as_o desperate_a a_o resistance_n or_o some_o other_o see_v your_o cruelty_n towards_o he_o shall_v serve_v you_o the_o same_o sauce_n as_o with_o reason_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v you_o see_v therefore_o these_o law_n of_o nature_n justice_n and_o charity_n do_v not_o bind_v up_o our_o hand_n and_o expose_v we_o to_o the_o abuse_n and_o injury_n of_o other_o but_o give_v we_o liberty_n to_o use_v the_o mean_n according_a to_o right_a reason_n most_o likely_a to_o secure_v we_o but_o if_o we_o will_v foolish_o conceit_n we_o can_v be_v safe_a unless_o we_o subdue_v all_o we_o see_v and_o make_v they_o our_o vassal_n or_o will_v upon_o every_o slight_a injury_n or_o weak_a surmise_n of_o a_o intend_a injury_n do_v a_o real_a one_o this_o be_v not_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o right_a reason_n most_o conduce_v to_o our_o preservation_n but_o will_v certain_o and_o sudden_o at_o some_o time_n or_o other_o be_v our_o destruction_n much_o less_o â—an_v it_o be_v just_a and_o reasonable_a where_o there_o â—s_v no_o cause_n of_o fear_n nor_o danger_n from_o a_o man_n to_o abuse_v rob_v spoil_n wound_n hurt_v or_o kill_v he_o now_o though_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o if_o man_n will_v live_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n i_o do_v not_o mean_v that_o nature_n which_o be_v common_a to_o man_n with_o bruit_n but_o that_o which_o specifical_o constitute_v man_n nature_n and_o distinguish_v he_o from_o other_o inferior_a creature_n viz._n right_a reason_n for_o every_o one_o have_v but_o so_o much_o of_o man_n in_o he_o as_o he_o have_v of_o reason_n they_o may_v live_v happy_o and_o secure_o as_o in_o the_o golden_a age_n celebrate_v in_o the_o fiction_n of_o the_o poet_n of_o old_a yet_o because_o man_n be_v act_v very_o much_o by_o the_o inferior_a principle_n of_o appetite_n and_o passion_n common_a also_o to_o the_o beast_n which_o be_v always_o strong_a and_o vigorous_a in_o they_o and_o because_o no_o man_n be_v absolute_a master_n of_o right_a reason_n nor_o be_v all_o man_n in_o equal_a degree_n master_n thereof_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o general_o they_o be_v sway_v by_o passion_n blind_v by_o ignorance_n bias_v by_o self-love_n pride_n and_o conceit_n or_o interest_n which_o imperfection_n each_o man_n easy_o perceive_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o in_o other_o but_o seldom_o can_v or_o will_v see_v or_o acknowledge_v in_o himself_o so_o that_o though_o every_o man_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n shall_v agree_v for_o quietness_n and_o security_n sake_n that_o each_o shall_v have_v a_o equal_a share_n or_o proportion_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o equal_a service_n do_v as_o require_v of_o he_o yet_o when_o these_o agreement_n come_v to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n they_o will_v not_o agree_v in_o their_o account_n and_o calculation_n of_o the_o individual_a and_o just_a measure_n to_o be_v assign_v to_o each_o in_o particular_a whence_o contention_n strife_n and_o war_n arise_v to_o avoid_v those_o mischief_n and_o that_o each_o may_v enjoy_v what_o in_o justice_n and_o equity_n belong_v to_o he_o without_o strife_n or_o danger_n reason_n advise_v