reus_fw-la est_fw-la in_o eadem_fw-la conditione_n sed_fw-la qui_fw-la perduellionis_fw-la reus_fw-la est_fw-la hostili_fw-la animo_fw-la adversus_fw-la rem_fw-la publicam_fw-la vel_fw-la principem_fw-la animatus_fw-la so_o that_o the_o infallible_a mark_n of_o perduellion_n be_v hostilis_fw-la animus_n a_o design_n of_o raise_v arms._n and_o therefore_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o not_o only_o statutory_a treason_n be_v extinguish_v by_o death_n but_o that_o even_o simple_a conceal_n and_o not_o reveal_v or_o a_o malicious_a design_n to_o poison_v the_o king_n and_o such_o other_o treason_n as_o show_v not_o a_o desire_n of_o rise_v in_o arm_n be_v likewise_o extinguish_v by_o death_n and_o yet_o the_o basil._n l._n 12._o h._n t._n say_v that_o all_o the_o head_n of_o treason_n be_v extinguish_v by_o death_n excepto_fw-la capite_fw-la proditionis_fw-la &_o insidiarum_fw-la contra_fw-la principem_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d albeit_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o defunct_a traitor_n be_v ordinary_o take_v up_o and_o bring_v to_o the_o panel_n in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o nature_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o forefaultur_n of_o the_o laird_n of_o restalrig_n yet_o this_o be_v not_o necessary_a but_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o pursuit_n of_o this_o nature_n that_o the_o defunct_n near_o of_o kin_n be_v call_v as_o defender_n for_o their_o interest_n both_o because_o their_o estate_n be_v to_o be_v take_v from_o they_o by_o their_o forefaultur_n and_o to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v defend_v the_o defunct_a and_o object_n both_o against_o the_o relevancy_n of_o the_o libel_n and_o the_o hability_n of_o the_o witness_n and_o therefore_o the_o basilick_n add_v very_o well_o that_o haereditas_fw-la publicatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la crimen_fw-la ab_fw-la haeredibus_fw-la purgetur_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o since_o the_o forefault_a after_o death_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o that_o the_o former_a act_n bear_v express_o that_o these_o pursuit_n may_v be_v intend_v conform_v to_o the_o common_a law_n if_o these_o pursuit_n shall_v not_o prescrive_v with_o we_o in_o five_o year_n as_o they_o do_v by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o it_o will_v appear_v they_o shall_v since_o these_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a conform_v to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o quem_fw-la sequitur_fw-la commodum_fw-la eum_fw-la dâ—bet_fw-la sequi_fw-la incommodum_fw-la the_o six_o privilege_n of_o treason_n be_v that_o the_o king_n advocate_n be_v to_o be_v the_o last_o speaker_n to_o the_o assize_n in_o perduellion_n though_o in_o other_o case_n the_o pannel_n advocat_n be_v to_o be_v last_o speaker_n and_o the_o last_o speaker_n have_v much_o advantage_n for_o he_o may_v answer_v all_o be_v allege_v by_o the_o opponent_n art_n 11._o regulation_n 1670._o xxiii_o the_o last_o privilege_n of_o treason_n be_v that_o albeit_o of_o old_a no_o person_n can_v be_v condemn_v in_o absence_n by_o the_o justice_n yet_o the_o parliament_n still_o can_v have_v proceed_v against_o traitor_n in_o absence_n and_o now_o by_o a_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v find_v that_o in_o the_o case_n of_o perduellion_n and_o of_o treasonable_a rise_n in_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n authority_n the_o justice_n may_v proceed_v to_o the_o receive_n of_o probation_n and_o pronounce_v of_o sentence_n even_o in_o absence_n of_o the_o party_n which_o be_v first_o propound_v as_o a_o querie_n to_o the_o council_n they_o remit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o session_n to_o who_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n give_v in_o the_o follow_a reason_n and_o query_n upon_o the_o 15._o august_n 1667._o whether_o or_o not_o a_o person_n guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n may_v be_v pursue_v before_o the_o justice_n albeit_o they_o be_v absent_a and_o contumacious_a so_o that_o the_o justice_n upon_o citation_n and_o sufficient_a probation_n and_o evidence_n may_v pronounce_v sentence_n and_o doom_n of_o forefaultur_n if_o the_o ditty_n be_v prove_v the_o reason_n of_o scruple_n be_v that_o process_n of_o forefaultur_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a and_o that_o in_o other_o ordinary_a crime_n the_o defender_n if_o they_o do_v not_o appear_v be_v declare_v fugitive_n and_o that_o the_o follow_a reason_n appear_v to_o be_v strong_a and_o relevant_a for_o the_o affirmative_a 1._o by_o the_o common_a law_n albeit_o a_o party_n absent_a can_v be_v condemn_v for_o a_o crime_n yet_o in_o treason_n which_o be_v crimen_fw-la exceptum_fw-la this_o be_v a_o speciality_n that_o absent_v may_v be_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_v 2._o by_o the_o first_o act_n of_o king_n james_n the_o 5_o his_o 6._o parliament_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o king_n have_v good_a cause_n and_o action_n to_o pursue_v all_o summons_n of_o treason_n commit_v against_o his_o person_n and_o commonwealth_n conform_v to_o the_o common_a law_n and_o good_a equity_n and_o reason_n notwithstanding_o there_o be_v no_o special_a law_n act_n or_o provision_n make_v thereupon_o and_o therefore_o see_v by_o the_o common_a law_n person_n guilty_a of_o laese_n majesty_n may_v be_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_v though_o they_o be_v absent_a it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n why_o the_o justice_n shall_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_n person_n guilty_a of_o treason_n though_o absent_a and_o that_o he_o be_v sufficient_o warrant_v by_o the_o say_a act_n so_o to_o do_v 3._o it_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o law_n equity_n and_o reason_n that_o a_o person_n guilty_a of_o treason_n shall_v be_v in_o a_o better_a case_n and_o his_o majesty_n in_o a_o worse_o by_o the_o contumacy_n of_o a_o traitor_n the_o same_o be_v a_o addition_n if_o any_o can_v be_v add_v to_o so_o high_a a_o crime_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v impunity_n and_o his_o majesty_n prejudge_v of_o the_o casuality_n arise_v to_o he_o by_o his_o forefaultur_n 4._o the_o parliament_n be_v in_o use_n to_o proceed_v and_o pronounce_v doom_n of_o forefaultur_n though_o the_o party_n be_v absent_a and_o in_o so_o do_v they_o do_v not_o proceed_v in_o and_o by_o a_o legislative_a power_n but_o as_o the_o supreme_a judge_n and_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o fountain_n of_o justice_n what_o be_v just_a before_o they_o be_v just_a and_o warrantable_a before_o other_o judicatories_n in_o the_o like_a case_n 5._o by_o the_o abovementioned_a act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v statute_n that_o summon_v and_o process_n of_o treason_n may_v be_v intent_a and_o pursue_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o delinquent_n either_o his_o memory_n or_o estate_n delate_v the_o one_o and_o forefault_v the_o other_o whereupon_o sentence_n may_v follow_v to_o the_o effect_n foresay_a and_o therefore_o see_v sentence_n may_v follow_v when_o the_o delinquent_n can_v be_v present_a and_o be_v not_o in_o be_v it_o be_v against_o all_o reason_n that_o when_o they_o be_v wilful_o and_o contumacious_o absent_a they_o shall_v not_o be_v proceed_v against_o and_o sentence_v if_o they_o be_v guilty_a and_o it_o be_v unjust_a that_o his_o majesty_n shall_v call_v a_o parliament_n for_o punish_v and_o forefault_v of_o person_n be_v absent_a or_o that_o he_o shall_v wait_v till_o they_o die_v especial_o see_v in_o the_o interim_n the_o probation_n may_v perish_v by_o decease_n of_o the_o witness_n follow_v the_o lord_n of_o session_n their_o opinion_n edinburgh_n the_o 26._o of_o february_n 1667._o the_o lord_n of_o council_n and_o session_n have_v consider_v the_o query_n above-written_a present_v to_o they_o by_o the_o lord_n bellenden_n his_o majesty_n thesaurer_n depute_v it_o be_v their_o opinion_n that_o upon_o the_o justice_n citation_n and_o sufficient_a probation_n take_v before_o they_o the_o judge_n and_o assize_n may_v proceed_v and_o pronounce_v sentence_n thereintil_o and_o forefaulter_v against_o the_o person_n guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n though_o they_o be_v absent_a and_o contumacious_a sic_fw-la subscribitur_fw-la io._n gilmore_n i._n p._n d._n upon_o this_o the_o parliament_n ratify_v the_o process_n lead_v against_o these_o person_n and_o by_o the_o 11._o act_n parl._n 2._o ch._n 2._o ses._n 1._o it_o be_v statute_v that_o rise_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o king_n authority_n may_v be_v pursue_v before_o and_o judge_v by_o the_o justice_n but_o the_o parliament_n retain_v still_o a_o power_n cumulative_a with_o the_o justice_n and_o when_o process_n of_o treason_n be_v intent_a before_o they_o they_o may_v proceed_v as_o former_o and_o think_v this_o last_o act_n a_o great_a innovation_n of_o all_o our_o law_n nor_o be_v it_o imaginable_a but_o that_o if_o it_o have_v be_v safe_a that_o that_o privilege_n will_v have_v be_v grant_v to_o his_o majesty_n former_o and_o that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v clear_a per_fw-la l._n 1._o &_o l._n penult_n ff_n de_fw-fr requirendis_fw-la eris_fw-la nam_fw-la annotabantur_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o si_fw-la reus_fw-la post_fw-la anum_fw-la non_fw-la comparuerit_fw-la &_o satis_fw-la dederit_fw-la de_fw-la stando_fw-la non_fw-la recuperabit_fw-la
or_o otherwise_o the_o pain_n be_v arbitrary_a and_o there_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi can_v by_o his_o petition_n determine_v the_o same_o but_o must_v leave_v it_o to_o the_o judge_n l._n 1._o §_o quorum_fw-la ff_n ad_fw-la s._n c._n turpil_n l._n ff_o de_fw-fr private_a delicti_fw-la l._n ordine_fw-la ff_n ad_fw-la unicipalem_fw-la and_o in_o the_o form_n set_v down_o l._n 3._o ff_n de_fw-fr accusatio_fw-la by_o paulus_n there_o be_v no_o conclusion_n express_v but_o yet_o with_o we_o there_o be_v always_o a_o conclusion_n in_o every_o libel_n though_o it_o be_v general_a and_o i_o perceive_v that_o most_o of_o the_o practitioner_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o at_o least_o a_o general_a conclusion_n shall_v be_v add_v iii_o whether_o a_o libel_n be_v libel_v qualificate_n the_o pursuer_fw-mi may_v pass_v from_o the_o quality_n have_v be_v thus_o determine_v by_o lawyer_n that_o if_o the_o quality_n amount_v to_o another_o different_a crime_n it_o can_v be_v pass_v from_o but_o if_o the_o 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libel_v he_o need_v not_o prepare_v other_o defence_n or_o raise_v exculpation_n for_o that_o effect_n but_o these_o quality_n which_o amount_v only_o to_o aggravation_n may_v be_v pass_v from_o as_o be_v decide_v 11._o november_n 1672._o for_o aikmaâ—_n have_v pursue_v carnegy_n of_o newgate_n for_o oppression_n conform_v to_o the_o 25._o act_n 4._o parl._n k._n i_o 5._o because_o he_o have_v beat_v he_o who_o be_v a_o magistrate_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o his_o office_n the_o justice_n have_v find_v that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi can_v not_o in_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n be_v repute_v a_o magistrate_n because_o he_o have_v not_o take_v the_o declaration_n it_o be_v thereafter_o allege_v that_o the_o libel_n be_v only_o found_v upon_o the_o foresay_a statute_n conceive_v in_o favour_n of_o magistrate_n and_o the_o conclusion_n be_v against_o oppression_n and_o not_o against_o beat_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi can_v no_o more_o insist_v upon_o that_o libel_n which_o be_v repel_v for_o the_o justice_n find_v that_o the_o beat_v any_o man_n be_v a_o crime_n and_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi might_n insist_v against_o the_o defender_n for_o beat_v he_o since_o his_o be_v a_o magistrate_n be_v only_o a_o aggrage_a circumstance_n yet_o this_o seem_v a_o hard_a decision_n since_o the_o proposition_n of_o the_o libel_n do_v not_o bear_v that_o beat_v be_v punishable_a nor_o do_v the_o conclusion_n bear_v that_o at_o least_o the_o panel_n be_v punishable_a for_o beat_v a_o free_a liege_n &_o if_o this_o be_v universal_o allow_v alternative_a libel_n be_v unnecessary_a and_o this_o will_v occasion_v much_o looseness_n in_o criminal_a libel_n whereas_o lawyer_n treat_v of_o criminal_a libel_n have_v lay_v it_o down_o as_o a_o principle_n that_o in_o criminalibus_fw-la non_fw-la licet_fw-la vagare_fw-la and_o the_o crime_n of_o oppression_n and_o beat_v be_v different_a nor_o can_v it_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o a_o private_a person_n differ_v from_o a_o magistrate_n so_o that_o this_o quality_n make_v the_o person_n the_o crime_n and_o the_o medium_n concludendi_fw-la to_o differ_v iv._o for_o the_o better_a clear_n of_o our_o custom_n in_o these_o case_n i_o have_v set_v down_o the_o form_n both_o of_o the_o criminal_a letter_n and_o criminal_a indictment_n now_o in_o use_n with_o we_o a_o criminal_a summons_n charles_n etc._n etc._n humble_o mean_v and_o complain_v to_o we_o by_o our_o lovit_n a._n the_o relict_n b._n sister_n daughter_n and_o near_a kinswoman_n c._n as_o mr._n with_o the_o remanent_fw-la kin_n of_o umquhile_n main_n servant_n to_o the_o say_v c._n and_o our_o right_a trusty_a and_o well_o belove_a councillor_n our_o advocate_n for_o our_o interest_n in_o the_o matter_n underwrite_v upon_o listoun_n without_o any_o just_a cause_n offence_n or_o injury_n do_v to_o he_o by_o the_o say_a umquhile_n man_n have_v conceive_v a_o deadly_a hatred_n and_o evil_a will_n against_o he_o with_o a_o settle_a purpose_n and_o resolution_n to_o bereave_v he_o of_o his_o life_n one_o way_n or_o another_o late_o upon_o the_o last_o day_n of_o 〈…〉_z where_o the_o say_a main_n be_v in_o quiet_a and_o sober_a manner_n for_o the_o time_n expect_v no_o harm_n injury_n nor_o pursuit_n of_o any_o person_n but_o to_o have_v live_v under_o god_n peace_n and_o we_o and_o the_o say_v listoun_n being_n bodden_fw-mi with_o a_o great_a batton_n or_o ring_v in_o his_o hand_n and_o with_o knife_n and_o other_o invasive_a weapon_n first_o upbraid_v the_o say_a main_n with_o word_n allege_v that_o he_o be_v a_o common_a thief_n and_o have_v steal_v etc._n etc._n and_o thereafter_o because_o the_o say_a main_n have_v purge_v himself_o of_o that_o calumny_n and_o say_v he_o be_v as_o honest_a a_o man_n as_o himself_o he_o thereupon_o run_v and_o rush_v the_o say_a main_n be_v a_o age_a man_n of_o 74._o year_n of_o age_n to_o the_o ground_n under_o his_o foot_n strike_v he_o in_o the_o head_n craig_n shoulder_n and_o side_n with_o the_o say_v batton_n lap_n upon_o 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purpose_n and_o provision_n and_o forethought_a felony_n in_o high_a and_o manifest_a contempt_n of_o our_o authority_n and_o law_n in_o evil_a example_n of_o other_o to_o commit_v the_o like_a if_o swa_o be_v our_o will_n be_v herefore_o etc._n etc._n and_o in_o our_o name_n and_o authority_n command_n and_o charge_n the_o say_a listoun_n committer_n of_o the_o say_v barbarous_a murder_n in_o manner_n foresay_a to_o come_v and_o find_v sufficient_a caution_n surety_n to_o our_o justice_n clerk_n and_o his_o depute_n act_v in_o our_o book_n of_o adjournal_n that_o he_o shall_v compear_v before_o the_o justice_n or_o his_o depute_n to_o underlye_v the_o law_n for_o the_o samen_n in_o our_o tolbuith_n in_o edinburgh_n on_o the_o day_n 〈…〉_z of_o 〈…〉_z in_o the_o hour_n of_o cause_n under_o the_o pain_n contain_v in_o our_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o that_o you_o charge_v he_o personal_o if_o that_o he_o can_v be_v apprehend_v and_o failze_v thereof_o at_o his_o dwell_a house_n and_o by_o open_a proclamation_n at_o the_o mercat_n cross_n of_o the_o head_n burgh_n of_o the_o shire_n stewatry_n or_o regality_n where_o he_o dwell_v to_o come_v and_o find_v the_o say_a soverty_n act_v in_o manner_n foresay_a with_o in_o six_o day_n next_o after_o he_o bee_n charge_v be_v you_o thereto_o under_o the_o pain_n of_o rebellion_n and_o put_v of_o he_o to_o the_o horn_n the_o whilk_fw-mi six_o day_n be_v by_o past_a and_o the_o surety_n not_o be_v find_v that_o you_o immediate_o thereafter_o denounce_v he_o rebel_n and_o put_v he_o to_o our_o horn_n and_o escheat_n and_o in_o bring_v all_o his_o movable_a good_n to_o our_o use_n for_o his_o contemption_n and_o cause_n registrat_n their_o our_o letter_n with_o the_o execution_n thereof_o in_o the_o book_n of_o adjournal_n within_o fifteen_o day_n thereafter_o conform_v to_o our_o act_n of_o parliament_n
that_o these_o who_o blaspheme_n in_o jest_n be_v to_o be_v less_o severe_o punish_v and_o that_o rusticity_n mitigat_n the_o ordinary_a punishment_n in_o this_o case_n but_o gothofredus_n be_v as_o to_o the_o last_o of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n because_o rusticity_n excuse_v not_o from_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n much_o less_o of_o god_n but_o they_o may_v be_v reconcile_v thus_o that_o open_a gross_a blasphemy_n be_v equal_o punishable_a in_o both_o but_o not_o consequential_a and_o indirect_a blasphemy_n as_o if_o a_o countryman_n shall_v err_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o trinity_n which_o some_o remote_a high-lander_n be_v so_o ignorant_a of_o as_o not_o to_o know_v those_o shall_v rather_o be_v pity_v then_o punish_v except_o they_o add_v obstinacy_n to_o blasphemy_n vid._n cabal_n case_z 296._o iv._o the_o punishment_n of_o blasphemy_n be_v death_n by_o the_o law_n nou._n 77._o by_o the_o canon_n law_n public_a repentance_n for_o the_o first_o fault_n and_o the_o stand_n at_o the_o church_n door_n with_o a_o infamous_a mitre_n or_o paper_n hat_n for_o a_o relapse_n v._o by_o our_o act_n 21._o sess._n 1._o par._n 1._o c._n 2._o blasphemy_n railer_n against_o god_n or_o any_o of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o bless_a trinity_n shall_v be_v likewise_o punishable_a by_o death_n if_o they_o obstinate_o continue_v therein_o from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o this_o crime_n can_v only_o be_v try_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o therefore_o not_o before_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o regality_n though_o they_o have_v equal_a power_n as_o have_v be_v former_o observe_v 2._o distraction_n be_v only_o except_v here_o so_o ignorance_n passion_n rusticity_n or_o raillery_n excuse_v not_o nam_fw-la exceptio_fw-la firmat_n regulam_fw-la in_o non_fw-la exceptis_fw-la and_o yet_o these_o may_v excuse_v from_o the_o ordinar_n punishment_n in_o some_o circumstance_n but_o be_v never_o defence_n against_o the_o relevancy_n 3._o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v why_o the_o deny_v god_n or_o any_o of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o holy_a trinity_n be_v only_o punishable_a by_o death_n if_o they_o continue_v obstinate_a therein_o and_o yet_o the_o rail_n upon_o or_o curse_v god_n or_o the_o trinity_n be_v simple_o punishable_a without_o obstinacy_n and_o the_o difference_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o curse_v or_o rail_v against_o god_n can_v proceed_v from_o ignorance_n but_o argue_v malice_n whereas_o the_o deny_v god_n attribute_n or_o the_o trinity_n may_v proceed_v from_o ignorance_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o with_o we_o a_o person_n who_o shall_v call_v himself_o the_o son_n of_o god_n or_o the_o messiah_n can_v be_v punish_v as_o a_o blasphemer_n and_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n think_v he_o can_v not_o and_o therefore_o james_n nailor_n be_v only_o scourge_v for_o this_o crime_n yet_o i_o think_v he_o can_v be_v reach_v by_o our_o foresay_a act_n as_o a_o person_n who_o rail_v upon_o god_n and_o the_o trinity_n for_o to_o make_v ourselves_o equal_a with_o they_o be_v to_o rail_v against_o and_o vilify_v they_o vi_o curse_v of_o parent_n viz._n father_n or_o mother_n but_z no_z other_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n if_o they_o be_v pass_v sixteen_o or_o arbitrar_o if_o they_o be_v below_o sixteen_o and_o above_o punishable_a with_o tit_n parricid_n act_n 20._o par._n 1._o sess._n 1._o ch._n 2._o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v by_o the_o 38._o act_n 1._o par._n ch._n 2._o to_o punish_v such_o as_o curse_v and_o swear_v profane_o and_o exact_v from_o a_o noble_a man_n twenty_o mark_n a_o baron_n twenty_o mark_n a_o gentle_a man_n heretor_fw-la or_o burges_n ten_o mark_n a_o yeoman_n forty_o shilling_n a_o servant_n twenty_o shilling_n a_o minister_n the_o five_o part_n of_o his_o steipend_n and_o the_o husband_n must_v pay_v his_o wife_n fine_a ergo_fw-la regulariter_fw-la the_o husband_n be_v not_o liable_a for_o the_o wife_n fine_a if_o there_o be_v no_o warrant_n therefore_o by_o statute_n by_o the_o 16._o act_n 5._o par._n q._n m._n the_o swear_v abominable_a oath_n be_v to_o be_v fine_v but_o that_o act_n be_v only_o temporary_a by_o the_o 103._o act_n par._n 7._o i._o swearer_n and_o blasphemer_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o magistrate_n and_o if_o they_o fail_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n notà _fw-la by_o this_o act_n that_o woman_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v in_o penal_a statute_n conform_v to_o their_o blood_n and_o their_o husband_n quality_n that_o be_v to_o say_v conform_v to_o their_o blood_n if_o unmarried_a or_o to_o their_o husband_n quality_n if_o marry_v and_o therefore_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o these_o woman_n who_o have_v precedency_n according_a to_o their_o birth_n though_o marry_v as_o a_o earl_n daughter_n when_o marry_v to_o a_o gentle_a man_n or_o those_o who_o have_v precedency_n by_o a_o patent_n above_o their_o husband_n quality_n shall_v not_o be_v punish_v according_a to_o their_o precedency_n though_o marry_v the_o justice_n do_v in_o may_n 1671._o fine_a a_o woman_n in_o dumfreis_n in_o 500_o mark_n for_o drink_v the_o devil_n health_n but_o do_v not_o find_v it_o blasphemy_n title_n iv._o haeresy_n 1_o the_o definition_n of_o heresy_n 2_o whether_o invocation_n of_o spirit_n be_v heresy_n 3_o the_o punishment_n of_o heresy_n 4_o jesuit_n and_o traffic_a priest_n how_o punish_v 5_o the_o specialty_n ontroduce_v in_o punish_v this_o crime_n heresy_n be_v commit_v when_o a_o christian_a own_v pertinatious_o error_n condemn_v by_o the_o church_n i_o say_v when_o a_o christian_n own_a they_o because_o pagan_n and_o mahumetan_n be_v not_o punish_v as_o heretic_n simancas_n de_fw-fr haereti_fw-la cap._n 31._o num_fw-la 3._o for_o these_o be_v enemy_n to_o our_o faith_n in_o general_n and_o err_v not_o in_o particular_a point_n of_o it_o i_o say_v who_o err_v pertinatious_o because_o such_o as_o err_v ignorant_o or_o as_o have_v err_v perverse_o do_v not_o pertinatious_o adhere_v to_o their_o error_n be_v not_o to_o be_v esteem_v heretic_n and_o this_o repentance_n be_v to_o be_v receive_v any_o time_n even_o after_o sentence_n to_o stop_v the_o execution_n carer_n fol._n 642._o except_o they_o have_v relapse_v in_o their_o heresy_n for_o their_o second_o fall_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v off_o by_o repentance_n but_o though_o their_o repentance_n secure_v they_o against_o death_n in_o the_o first_o fall_n yet_o the_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o perpetual_a imprisonment_n igneus_fw-la in_o l._n ff_o ad_fw-la sillan_n cook_n hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi ii_o though_o some_o make_v the_o adoration_n and_o invocation_n of_o spirit_n to_o be_v heresy_n yet_o other_o do_v more_o judicious_o determine_v that_o if_o these_o devil_n be_v invock_v to_o reveal_v thing_n to_o come_v than_o that_o invocation_n be_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o heresy_n for_o that_o be_v to_o attribute_v omniscience_n to_o the_o devil_n which_o be_v one_o of_o god_n attribute_n but_o if_o the_o devil_n be_v invock_v for_o a_o particular_a end_n or_o interest_n such_o as_o that_o he_o may_v learn_v the_o invocker_n how_o to_o prevail_v with_o a_o mistress_n or_o how_o to_o gain_v a_o prince_n favour_n in_o these_o case_n the_o invocker_n be_v not_o to_o be_v call_v a_o heretic_n clarus_n §_o haeresis_fw-la num_fw-la 25._o but_o neither_o do_v that_o distinction_n please_v i_o for_o such_o as_o invock_n the_o devil_n be_v not_o proper_o heretic_n especial_o if_o they_o have_v renounce_v their_o baptism_n for_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o call_v they_o heretic_n who_o not_o only_o err_v in_o the_o faith_n but_o have_v renounce_v the_o faith_n entire_o and_o as_o pagan_n be_v not_o heretic_n because_o they_o worship_v false_a god_n so_o neither_o shall_v they_o who_o worship_v the_o devil_n and_o these_o who_o have_v renounce_v their_o baptism_n for_o they_o be_v in_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o these_o who_o be_v never_o baptize_v iii_o the_o punishment_n of_o heresy_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n be_v to_o be_v burn_v and_o confiscation_n of_o the_o delinquent_n movable_n clar._n num_fw-la 13._o but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n heretic_n be_v only_o to_o be_v burn_v if_o they_o will_v not_o abjure_v by_o our_o law_n heresy_n be_v in_o the_o first_o instance_n try_v by_o the_o church_n and_o the_o secular_a power_n do_v not_o meddle_v to_o condemn_v heretic_n till_o they_o be_v first_o condemn_v by_o the_o church_n ja._n 1._o par._n 2._o act._n 28._o in_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o bishop_n shall_v inquire_v into_o heresy_n and_o if_o they_o be_v find_v that_o they_o be_v punish_v as_o the_o law_n of_o the_o holy_a kirk_n require_v and_o if_o it_o master_n that_o secular_a power_n be_v call_v in_o support_n and_o help_v of_o holy_a kirk_n from_o which_o act_n it_o be_v observable_a first_o that_o the_o kirk_n be_v judge_n to_o heresy_n in_o
concurrer_n kill_v any_o of_o the_o robber_n they_o be_v declare_v free_a upon_o which_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o such_o as_o kill_v robber_n without_o acquaint_v the_o sheriff_n or_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v punishable_a and_o it_o seem_v they_o be_v see_v this_o act_n explain_v the_o other_o and_o modify_v somewhat_o the_o indefinite_a power_n give_v to_o private_a person_n who_o upon_o pretence_n of_o such_o invasion_n which_o may_v prove_v very_o dangerous_a and_o therefore_o the_o last_o do_v wise_o require_v the_o concourse_n of_o the_o magistrate_n and_o upon_o this_o consideration_n i_o know_v that_o it_o be_v consult_v that_o notwithstanding_o of_o this_o such_o as_o have_v not_o acquaint_v the_o sheriff_n or_o justice_n can_v not_o be_v exculpat_o and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o this_o act_n narrate_v not_o the_o other_o nor_o bear_v express_o a_o rectification_n of_o it_o but_o without_o lessen_v the_o privilege_n therein_o grant_v add_v a_o new_a one_o and_o so_o be_v introduce_v in_o favour_n of_o possessor_n shall_v not_o be_v interpret_v to_o their_o disadvantage_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n licebat_fw-la nocturnum_fw-la furum_fw-la occidere_fw-la and_o by_o the_o 227._o act_n 14._o par._n ja._n 6._o it_o be_v declare_v lawful_a for_o the_o liege_n to_o conveen_n and_o execute_v thief_n and_o they_o be_v all_o make_v justice_n for_o that_o effect_n upon_o which_o act_n a_o defence_n be_v propon_v for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o kintail_n who_o take_v a_o robber_n and_o execute_v he_o by_o their_o own_o authority_n in_o a_o formal_a court_n but_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o doctor_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a furem_fw-la vel_fw-la predatorem_fw-la diurnum_fw-la occidere_fw-la except_o the_o thing_n steal_v be_v of_o great_a value_n and_o can_v not_o be_v otherways_o recover_v or_o that_o he_o defend_v himself_o and_o resist_v his_o be_v apprehend_v all_o which_o defence_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o assertion_n of_o the_o killer_n farin_n 125._o part_n 4._o and_o if_o any_o other_o probation_n be_v requisite_a the_o benefit_n of_o these_o act_n be_v a_o snare_n rather_o than_o a_o advantage_n and_o necessity_n legittimat_n many_o thing_n which_o be_v otherways_o hard_o fourteen_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o father_n to_o kill_v his_o own_o daughter_n if_o he_o find_v her_o commit_a adultery_n and_o to_o kill_v also_o her_o adulterer_n l._n part_n 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr adult_n which_o be_v allow_v rather_o in_o hatred_n to_o adultery_n then_o because_o the_o law_n consider_v it_o be_v too_o hard_o for_o a_o father_n to_o restrain_v his_o passion_n in_o that_o case_n for_o if_o it_o have_v be_v allow_v to_o the_o father_n only_o upon_o this_o last_o account_n it_o have_v be_v allow_v much_o more_o to_o the_o husband_n to_o kill_v his_o wife_n if_o he_o find_v her_o commit_a adultery_n for_o his_o relation_n be_v near_o and_o his_o honour_n more_o concern_v than_o the_o father_n his_o passion_n behove_v to_o be_v also_o more_o violent_a and_o yet_o the_o law_n be_v jealous_a of_o the_o husband_n violence_n do_v only_o allow_v the_o husband_n to_o kill_v the_o adulterer_n if_o he_o be_v a_o mean_a person_n but_o if_o the_o adulterer_n be_v a_o person_n of_o quality_n or_o if_o the_o adulterer_n be_v find_v elsewhere_o then_o in_o the_o husband_n own_o house_n it_o it_o not_o lawful_a to_o kill_v they_o for_o the_o injury_n be_v heighten_v by_o pollute_v the_o husband_n own_o house_n and_o become_v a_o kind_n of_o adulterous_a hamsuckin_n and_o yet_o if_o the_o husband_n kill_v in_o either_o of_o these_o case_n that_o law_n ordain_v the_o husband_n only_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o some_o arbitrary_a punishment_n but_o not_o by_o death_n l._n marito_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr adulter_fw-la but_o this_o last_o determination_n do_v not_o satisfy_v justice_n for_o it_o seem_v reasonable_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v rather_o lawful_a to_o kill_v a_o person_n of_o quality_n commit_v adultery_n than_o a_o mean_a person_n both_o because_o adultery_n be_v more_o ordinar_n among_o they_o as_o have_v more_o ease_n and_o be_v more_o luxorious_o feed_v and_o because_o the_o husband_n can_v be_v so_o easy_o presume_v to_o have_v have_v former_a quarrel_n with_o a_o person_n above_o his_o rank_n and_o so_o shall_v be_v believe_v to_o have_v kill_v he_o mere_o to_o satisfy_v his_o just_a revenge_n as_o also_o since_o they_o can_v soon_o prevail_v they_o ought_v to_o be_v more_o rigid_o punish_v the_o law_n have_v deny_v this_o privilege_n to_o woman_n who_o may_v not_o kill_v their_o daughter_n or_o husband_n the_o reason_n whereof_o i_o conceive_v to_o have_v be_v that_o the_o law_n consider_v that_o husband_n be_v more_o prejudge_v than_o the_o wife_n by_o adultery_n since_o thereby_o not_o only_o be_v their_o bed_n defile_v but_o their_o estate_n carry_v away_o to_o another_o man_n child_n or_o else_o it_o think_v woman_n too_o passionate_a to_o be_v entrust_v with_o such_o a_o licence_n or_o that_o it_o be_v undecent_a to_o allow_v woman_n the_o use_n of_o arm_n and_o yet_o i_o believe_v their_o just_a grief_n will_v secure_v they_o against_o the_o ordinar_n punishment_n and_o though_o some_o prerogative_n be_v due_a to_o the_o man_n over_o his_o wife_n but_o not_o è_fw-la contra_fw-la yet_o woman_n may_v complain_v that_o man_n be_v the_o only_a legislator_n have_v take_v too_o great_a a_o measure_n of_o favour_n to_o themselves_o in_o this_o law_n i_o have_v not_o observe_v any_o decision_n of_o this_o in_o our_o law_n and_o since_o our_o statute_n have_v secute_v murderer_n in_o other_o case_n as_o in_o self-defence_n kill_v of_o thief_n etc._n etc._n and_o yet_o have_v not_o privilege_v this_o case_n it_o may_v seem_v that_o the_o husband_n nor_o rather_o can_v kill_v by_o our_o law_n and_o the_o most_o that_o they_o can_v expect_v be_v that_o after_o they_o be_v find_v guilty_a by_o the_o law_n the_o council_n may_v either_o change_v the_o doom_n of_o death_n into_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n or_o may_v recomend_v the_o party_n to_o his_o majesty_n clemency_n for_o a_o remission_n but_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o punish_v with_o death_n among_o we_o what_o almost_o all_o nation_n allow_v as_o lawful_a and_o what_o may_v be_v yet_o a_o further_a check_n to_o that_o grow_a vice_n and_o this_o seem_v just_a than_o to_o allow_v with_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o the_o husband_n or_o father_n who_o be_v person_n interest_v shall_v be_v judge_n in_o their_o own_o concern_n and_o shall_v be_v judge_n when_o they_o be_v in_o passion_n and_o because_o they_o be_v in_o passion_n nor_o can_v i_o see_v why_o the_o law_n shall_v punish_v even_o he_o who_o possess_v by_o his_o own_o authority_n what_o be_v true_o his_o own_o and_o yet_o shall_v allow_v here_o the_o party_n interest_v to_o punish_v with_o death_n by_o their_o own_o authority_n or_o that_o passion_n which_o only_o infer_v mitigation_n of_o the_o pain_n elsewhere_o shall_v here_o infer_v absolute_a impunity_n for_o this_o be_v to_o make_v one_o irregular_a act_n legittimat_fw-la another_o since_o passion_n be_v a_o transgression_n against_o reason_n as_o adultery_n be_v against_o law_n but_o since_o this_o indulgence_n be_v personal_a and_o only_o grant_v to_o the_o father_n and_o husband_n because_o of_o their_o just_a passion_n and_o near_a relation_n it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v extend_v to_o such_o as_o kâ—ll_v by_o the_o father_n or_o husband_n command_v which_o command_v none_o ought_v to_o obey_v be_v contrair_a to_o law_n nor_o ought_v this_o indulgence_n to_o extend_v to_o the_o father_n or_o husband_n when_o they_o kill_v ex_fw-la intervallo_fw-la and_o not_o when_o they_o find_v the_o committer_n in_o the_o very_a transgression_n for_o the_o law_n allow_v no_o passion_n to_o continue_v &_o therefore_o what_o ever_o revenge_n be_v allow_v to_o it_o be_v only_o allow_v if_o it_o be_v execute_v immediate_o &_o ex_fw-la in_o continenti_fw-la and_o though_o in_o civil_a case_n that_o be_v say_v to_o be_v do_v ex_fw-la in_o continenti_fw-la or_o immediate_o which_o be_v do_v before_o the_o doer_n go_v about_o any_o thing_n else_o yet_o i_o conceive_v that_o interpretation_n will_v be_v too_o lax_n in_o this_o case_n and_o that_o the_o killer_n can_v not_o plead_v this_o privilege_n except_o he_o kill_v they_o in_o the_o very_a act_n or_o rise_v from_o it_o homicidium_fw-la deliberatum_fw-la or_o upon_o forethought_a felony_n be_v still_o punishable_a by_o death_n and_o confiscation_n of_o the_o movable_n of_o the_o defunct_a for_o his_o majesty_n use_n stat._n rob._n 3._o cap._n 43._o and_o albeit_o lawyer_n say_v that_o it_o be_v still_o rather_o presumable_a to_o be_v casual_a then_o deliberate_a and_o that_o by_o our_o law_n and_o custom_n design_n be_v still_o libel_v yet_o because_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o
law_n for_o try_v the_o innocency_n of_o such_o as_o want_v other_o legal_a probation_n the_o longabard_n first_o do_v allow_v this_o way_n of_o duel_v by_o pulick_a authority_n who_o do_v regulat_fw-la it_o by_o twenty_o several_a determination_n and_o thereafter_o it_o be_v renew_v by_o philip_n the_o fair_a king_n of_o france_n anno._n 1360._o but_o be_v bound_v with_o these_o four_o condition_n 1._o that_o it_o shall_v only_o be_v allow_v in_o criminal_a and_o capital_a case_n 2._o that_o it_o shall_v only_o be_v allow_v in_o crime_n treacherous_o commit_v where_o the_o truth_n can_v not_o be_v otherways_o find_v out_o 3._o where_o there_o do_v lie_v strong_a presumption_n against_o the_o person_n provoke_v 4._o where_o it_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v such_o a_o crime_n commit_v against_o the_o provocker_n ii_o with_o we_o in_o scotland_n duel_n be_v allow_v not_o only_o for_o clear_v of_o innocence_n as_o to_o crime_n but_o likewise_o in_o civil_a case_n as_o when_o a_o heir_n deny_v that_o his_o predecessor_n grant_v a_o conjunctfie_n r.m._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 16._o v._n 47._o and_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v deny_v to_o be_v lawful_o buy_v by_o the_o owner_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 13._o v._n 4._o but_o thereafter_o i_o find_v that_o by_o the_o 16._o cap._n stat._n rob._n 3._o all_o duel_n be_v discharge_v except_o in_o the_o four_o former_a case_n allow_v by_o philip_n the_o fair_a the_o solemnity_n of_o cartel_n use_v in_o such_o case_n be_v the_o cast_n of_o glove_n to_o one_o another_o as_o be_v clear_a by_o skeen_n ad_fw-la cap._n 24._o v._n 9_o r._n m._n duelliones_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la regno_fw-la hinc_fw-la inde_fw-la chiro_fw-la thecas_fw-la offerunt_fw-la which_o custom_n have_v its_o origine_fw-la from_o the_o longohard_n law_n above_o cite_v as_o be_v clear_a by_o long._n the_o duel_n and_o dumhaud_n do_fw-mi cod_n the_o place_n appoint_v by_o our_o law_n for_o such_o duel_n be_v the_o bridge_n of_o stirling_n cap._n 28._o stat._n david_n 2._o and_o if_o the_o appealer_n in_o ordinar_n crime_n be_v foil_v and_o worsted_n his_o pledge_n pay_v the_o king_n nine_o cow_n and_o a_o colpindach_n and_o satisfy_v for_o the_o calumny_n stat._n alex._n cap._n 11._o but_o in_o treason_n the_o appealer_n worsted_n become_v in_o the_o king_n will_v and_o the_o party_n appease_v be_v worsted_n be_v disherish_v r._n m._n l._n 4._o c._n 1._o but_o these_o duel_n be_v discharge_v by_o the_o canon_n law_n cap._n monomachia_fw-la 2._o quest_n 4._o &_o cap._n ultim_fw-la exeunt_n de_fw-fr purge_v vulg_n though_o with_o we_o such_o judicial_a combat_n by_o authority_n be_v not_o absolute_o discharge_v for_o by_o the_o 12._o cap._n 16._o parl._n i._n 6._o wherein_o singular_a combat_n be_v discharge_v there_o be_v a_o exception_n make_v of_o such_o as_o be_v fight_v with_o his_o highness_n licence_n iii_o duel_n undertake_v without_o public_a authority_n be_v think_v by_o many_o lawyer_n to_o be_v lawful_a when_o undertake_v by_o a_o person_n who_o be_v injure_v in_o his_o honour_n if_o the_o party_n injure_v can_v be_v otherways_o repair_v either_o because_o there_o be_v not_o a_o judge_n in_o the_o place_n or_o else_o the_o injurer_n will_v not_o appear_v before_o he_o or_o though_o he_o compear_v the_o judge_n refuse_v to_o do_v justice_n ubi_fw-la enim_fw-la deficit_fw-la jus_o ibi_fw-la suplet_n ensis_fw-la &_o propria_fw-la ultio_fw-la bart._n in_o l._n host_n numb_a 9_o ff_n de_fw-fr cap_n &_o postlin_a rever_n and_o many_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o these_o private_a combat_n be_v lawful_a for_o defence_n of_o our_o honour_n and_o as_o we_o may_v defend_v our_o life_n by_o take_v that_o of_o our_o neighbour_n so_o we_o may_v defend_v our_o honour_n by_o the_o hazard_n of_o his_o life_n but_o that_o duel_n be_v in_o themselves_o unlawful_a by_o all_o law_n appear_v very_o clear_o from_o these_o reason_n 1._o that_o the_o law_n have_v just_o think_v fit_a that_o the_o magistrate_n only_o shall_v do_v justice_n to_o all_o and_o that_o no_o private_a man_n shall_v revenge_v himself_o for_o in_o so_o far_o he_o commit_v treason_n in_o assume_v the_o power_n of_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n 2._o the_o power_n of_o take_v and_o use_v arm_n belong_v only_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o consequent_o no_o private_a man_n shall_v run_v to_o arm_n upon_o a_o imagination_n that_o he_o be_v wrong_v in_o his_o honour_n 3._o there_o be_v no_o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o injury_n and_o reparation_n in_o such_o case_n a_o verbal_a injury_n be_v too_o severe_o punish_v when_o punish_v by_o death_n there_o be_v no_o proportion_n betwixt_o what_o may_v be_v help_v and_o what_o may_v not_o 4._o revenge_n belong_v to_o god_n it_o be_v a_o usurp_a of_o his_o power_n it_o be_v the_o destroy_v that_o body_n which_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o god_n the_o deface_a of_o his_o image_n whereas_o to_o deface_v even_o a_o prince_n image_n design_o be_v treason_n and_o it_o be_v a_o spill_n of_o that_o blood_n for_o which_o christ_n shed_v his_o 5._o it_o be_v a_o crime_n against_o a_o man_n self_n and_o be_v in_o effect_n self-murder_n nor_o need_v those_o who_o resolve_v to_o kill_v themselves_o take_v a_o base_a way_n since_o this_o honourable_a way_n be_v easy_a and_o patent_n for_o he_o may_v soon_o make_v quarrel_n and_o so_o kill_v constant_o till_o he_o be_v kill_v it_o be_v a_o crime_n against_o the_o common_a wealth_n because_o it_o destroy_v its_o subject_n and_o make_v the_o hateful_a sin_n of_o murder_n a_o desirable_a effect_n of_o glory_n it_o be_v likewise_o a_o great_a offence_n against_o our_o friend_n since_o it_o draw_v they_o though_o innocent_a into_o the_o same_o snare_n as_o second_o assister_n and_o revenger_n and_o it_o be_v dishonourable_a because_o it_o wrong_v a_o man_n wife_n by_o make_v her_o miserable_a and_o notwithstanding_o of_o his_o many_o obligation_n to_o she_o 6._o it_o be_v a_o unjust_a decision_n of_o controversy_n since_o strength_n skill_n or_o accident_n prevail_v oftentimes_o against_o honour_n and_o innocence_n so_o that_o this_o trial_n shall_v neither_o be_v allow_v by_o justice_n nor_o honour_n and_o therefore_o augustus_n be_v provoke_v by_o anthony_n do_v noble_o answer_v that_o if_o anthony_n be_v weary_a of_o his_o life_n he_o may_v take_v any_o other_o way_n to_o dispatch_v himself_o and_o sertorius_n be_v provoke_v by_o metellus_n answer_v it_o be_v below_o a_o general_n to_o die_v like_o a_o common_a soldier_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v to_o the_o contrary_a argument_n that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v presume_v the_o magistrate_n will_v do_v justice_n in_o repair_v the_o fame_n of_o he_o who_o be_v wrong_v nor_o can_v a_o duel_n restore_v the_o fame_n that_o be_v lose_v for_o a_o duel_n show_v only_o a_o man_n to_o be_v resolute_a or_o desperate_a without_o be_v innocent_a or_o generous_a and_o it_o be_v more_o presumable_a that_o the_o provocke_n be_v just_o defame_v and_o find_v himself_o unable_a to_o survive_v the_o shame_n resolve_v to_o dispatch_v himself_o by_o this_o plausible_a way_n of_o self-murder_n nor_o can_v a_o man_n take_v a_o more_o easy_a way_n of_o publish_v that_o wherein_o he_o be_v defame_v then_o by_o kill_v the_o defamer_n whereby_o he_o will_v both_o bring_v himself_o and_o the_o occasion_n of_o that_o accident_n into_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o world_n though_o that_o act_n discharge_v only_o singular_a combat_n and_o that_o the_o word_n singular_a combat_n be_v proper_o only_o applicable_a to_o the_o fight_v of_o two_o single_a person_n which_o be_v only_o proper_o call_v singular_a certamen_fw-la yet_o this_o singular_a certamen_fw-la or_o singular_a combat_n be_v proper_o enough_o extend_v where_o more_o fight_n on_o a_o side_n cagnol_n in_o l._n favorabiliores_fw-la 86._o ff_n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la jur_fw-fr v._o since_o fight_v of_o singular_a combat_n be_v only_o declare_v punishable_a therefore_o the_o give_v or_o receive_v challenge_n be_v not_o punishable_a by_o death_n though_o even_o that_o be_v likewise_o punishable_a by_o the_o council_n arbitrarie_a as_o end_v to_o disturb_v the_o peace_n but_o since_o the_o very_a fight_n be_v declare_v punishable_a by_o death_n it_o follow_v necessary_o that_o such_o as_o fight_v combat_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n though_o neither_o party_n be_v kill_v and_o if_o only_o kill_v have_v be_v punishable_a by_o death_n this_o act_n have_v be_v unnecessary_a since_o that_o be_v punishable_a as_o murder_n before_o this_o act_n vi_o if_o any_o person_n be_v kill_v the_o libel_n be_v found_v both_o upon_o the_o act_n against_o murder_n and_o this_o act_n against_o duel_n but_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o way_n of_o libel_v be_v this_o that_o if_o the_o libel_n be_v only_o found_v upon_o the_o act_n against_o murder_n than_o self-defence_n be_v receiveable_a by_o way_n of_o exculpation_n to_o eleid_v this_o
its_o own_o nature_n punishable_a by_o death_n 3._o by_o the_o 82._o act_n i._o 6._o p._n 11._o stealer_n of_o pleugh_n graith_n or_o breaker_n of_o miâ—nes_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v therefore_o to_o the_o death_n as_o thief_n but_o because_o our_o practic_n be_v in_o this_o a_o little_a arbitrary_a and_o uncertain_a it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o know_v that_o theft_n in_o scotland_n be_v either_o pursue_v by_o accusation_n which_o be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o private_a accuser_n or_o by_o way_n of_o indictment_n which_o be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a if_o the_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a by_o way_n of_o accusation_n it_o may_v be_v judge_v by_o baron_n have_v power_n of_o pitt_n and_o gallow_n or_o as_o our_o charter_n call_v foffa_o &_o furca_fw-la or_o by_o sheriff_n but_o if_o it_o be_v pursue_v by_o way_n of_o indictment_n the_o cognition_n thereof_o belong_v to_o the_o justice_n reg._n maj._n cap._n 1._o num._n 7._o but_o this_o distinction_n be_v not_o well_o observe_v for_o the_o sheriff_n do_v proceed_v to_o judge_v theft_n even_o by_o citation_n &_o though_o the_o thief_n be_v not_o take_v with_o with_o the_o fang_n which_o be_v certain_o a_o error_n for_o all_o process_n upon_o citation_n against_o a_o thief_n shall_v belong_v to_o the_o justice_n viii_o in_o the_o procedor_fw-la before_o these_o inferior_a court_n they_o do_v not_o condemn_v to_o death_n except_o upon_o three_o theft_n or_o that_o the_o person_n be_v take_v with_o fang_n and_o he_o be_v likewise_o famosus_fw-la fur_n as_o to_o the_o three_o theft_n i_o find_v no_o express_a law_n for_o it_o only_o stat_fw-la da._n 2._o cap._n 17._o where_o it_o be_v say_v if_o a_o thief_n be_v defame_v at_o three_o baron_n court_n and_o want_v a_o pledge_n or_o cautioner_n than_o he_o may_v be_v hang_v or_o if_o he_o be_v defame_v and_o cite_v in_o two_o court_n or_o in_o one_o and_o be_v of_o ill_a fame_n likewise_o or_o as_o we_o say_v there_o be_v public_a bruit_n and_o open_a fame_n that_o he_o be_v a_o thief_n than_o he_o may_v be_v hang_v but_o simple_a fame_n be_v say_v there_o not_o to_o be_v sufficient_a to_o infer_v death_n except_o that_o ill_a fame_n be_v find_v by_o a_o assize_n upon_o oath_n yet_o this_o be_v now_o absolet_n for_o fame_n be_v in_o no_o case_n sufficient_a to_o infer_v death_n as_o to_o the_o three_o theft_n i_o find_v the_o civilian_n relate_v that_o the_o three_o theâ—t_n by_o the_o statutory_a law_n of_o most_o place_n be_v capital_a and_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v ground_v upon_o very_o good_a reason_n for_o he_o who_o be_v oft_o find_v commit_v the_o same_o crime_n be_v presume_v by_o the_o law_n to_o design_n to_o make_v it_o a_o trade_n ang._n ad_fw-la l._n 8._o devi_fw-la publica_fw-la where_o the_o commit_n of_o theft_n twice_o infer_v this_o presumption_n the_o law_n of_o holland_n provide_v that_o a_o thief_n shall_v be_v hang_v for_o the_o three_o theft_n except_o it_o seem_v otherways_o just_a to_o the_o judge_n because_o of_o his_o age_n or_o any_o other_o pregnant_a reason_n and_o ordinary_o three_o small_a theft_n be_v by_o matheus_n say_v not_o to_o be_v construe_v such_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o holland_n as_o deserve_v death_n the_o civilian_n do_v upon_o supposition_n that_o the_o three_o theft_n be_v capital_a conclude_v that_o these_o three_o theft_n shall_v be_v distinct_a even_o as_o to_o to_o the_o time_n and_o that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n for_o the_o three_o theft_n though_o he_o have_v be_v former_o punish_v for_o both_o the_o other_o two_o or_o though_o the_o former_a two_o have_v be_v remit_v to_o he_o by_o the_o prince_n and_o albeit_o they_o use_v many_o distinction_n for_o clear_v whether_o a_o thief_n shall_v be_v hang_v for_o the_o three_o theft_n where_o the_o first_o two_o be_v not_o commit_v within_o his_o territory_n or_o jurisdiction_n and_o so_o can_v not_o be_v punish_v by_o he_o yet_o since_o capital_a punishment_n be_v not_o infer_v by_o a_o statute_n against_o the_o three_o theft_n but_o that_o the_o three_o theft_n be_v only_o punishable_a with_o death_n because_o the_o committer_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v irreclaimable_a therefore_o i_o think_v that_o where_o ever_o the_o theft_n be_v commit_v yet_o for_o the_o three_o theft_n the_o thief_n shall_v be_v hang_v for_o albeit_o there_o be_v no_o express_a statute_n for_o that_o with_o we_o yet_o see_v gomesius_n chasaneus_n and_o other_o famous_a lawyer_n attest_v this_o to_o be_v the_o general_a custom_n of_o the_o world_n i_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v follow_v by_o our_o sheriff_n and_o inferior_a judge_n who_o be_v determine_v by_o that_o number_n have_v some_o certain_a rule_n whereby_o they_o may_v be_v both_o limit_v and_o warrand_v which_o be_v much_o safe_a than_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v allow_v scop_n to_o break_v out_o into_o the_o extreme_n of_o either_o cruelty_n or_o cowardliness_n the_o law_n of_o england_n divide_v theft_n or_o larcenry_n into_o petty_a larcenry_n when_o the_o thing_n steal_v exceed_v not_o twelve_o penny_n and_o its_o punishment_n extend_v not_o to_o death_n and_o grand_a larcenry_n when_o it_o exceed_v twelve_o penny_n wherein_o the_o thief_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n except_o he_o be_v save_v by_o the_o book_n and_o if_o one_o steal_v to_o the_o value_n of_o six_o penny_n at_o one_o time_n and_o six_o penny_n at_o another_o time_n than_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o death_n but_o if_o two_o steal_v to_o the_o value_n of_o eighten_v penny_n joint_o each_o be_v guilty_a common_a bruit_n and_o open_a fame_n of_o be_v a_o ordinary_a thief_n be_v likewise_o a_o good_a ground_n of_o make_v theft_n puishable_a by_o death_n the_o thief_n be_v take_v with_o the_o fang_n &_o high_a fures_fw-la famosi_fw-la sive_fw-la infamati_fw-la de_fw-la pluribus_fw-la furtis_fw-la be_v ordinary_o hang_v likewise_o as_o be_v clear_a by_o clarus_n num._n 8._o hoc_fw-la tit_n menoch_n arbitrariis_fw-la casu_fw-la 295._o and_o it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o witness_n depon_n of_o their_o credulity_n and_o that_o they_o be_v inform_v by_o other_o our_o law_n call_v such_o de_fw-fr famiati_fw-la de_fw-fr latrocinio_fw-la and_o if_o he_o can_v find_v caution_n the_o old_a law_n appoint_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v proceed_v against_o as_o if_o he_o be_v a_o prove_v thief_n for_o latro_fw-la defamatus_fw-la &_o latro_fw-la probatus_fw-la be_v still_o aequipollent_a in_o our_o law_n but_o i_o think_v these_o law_n too_o severe_a and_o they_o be_v not_o in_o use_n ix_o as_o to_o the_o procedor_fw-la of_o the_o justice_n it_o be_v because_o their_o power_n be_v more_o eminent_a that_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v more_o arbitrary_a but_o i_o think_v the_o distinction_n allow_v by_o civilian_n will_v be_v very_o reasonable_a which_o be_v that_o in_o furto_fw-la simplici_fw-la in_o simple_a theft_n the_o pain_n of_o death_n shall_v never_o be_v impose_v but_o in_o qualify_a theft_n if_o the_o quality_n be_v such_o as_o agredge_v the_o crime_n very_o much_o which_o aggravation_n be_v either_o take_v from_o the_o thing_n itself_o that_o be_v steal_v as_o in_o our_o statute_n the_o stealer_n of_o pleugh-graith_a cutter_n and_o destroyer_n of_o pleugh_n and_o pleugh-graith_a in_o the_o time_n of_o tell_v and_o cutter_n and_o destroyer_n of_o grow_a tree_n or_o breaker_n of_o milnes_n or_o of_o lead_v coâ—ns_n or_o fuel_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v to_o the_o death_n as_o thief_n 82._o act._n 11._o p._n i._n 6_o and_o hocheâ—s_n and_o killer_n of_o ox_n horse_n and_o other_o cattle_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n and_o confiscation_n of_o moveable_n as_o well_o committer_n as_o recepter_n act._n 110._o p._n ja._n 6._o and_o upon_o this_o act_n be_v hang_v for_o kill_v drumlanerk_n sheep_n 20._o feb._n 1666._o albeit_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o that_o act_n be_v only_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o labour_a cattle_n nota_fw-la this_o be_v a_o case_n wherein_o theft_n may_v be_v commit_v without_o carry_v any_o thing_n away_o for_o the_o do_v of_o these_o wrong_n without_o carry_v away_o the_o thing_n wrong_v be_v constant_o declare_v to_o be_v theft_n &_o per_fw-la constitutionem_fw-la frederici_fw-la secundi_fw-la de_fw-la stat_fw-la §_o agricultores_fw-la the_o steal_a pleugh_n graith_o be_v punish_v as_o a_o particular_a crime_n x._o herdship_n likewise_o which_o be_v the_o driving_z away_o a_o great_a many_o cattle_n call_v by_o the_o civilian_n crimen_fw-la abigeatus_fw-la be_v likewise_o by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n and_o particular_o by_o we_o punish_v with_o death_n but_o though_o lex_fw-la prima_fw-la dig_v de_fw-fr abigeat_fw-la say_v that_o abigei_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la dentur_fw-la yet_o matheus_n do_v interpret_v that_o not_o to_o be_v mean_v de_fw-fr ultimo_fw-la supplicio_fw-la but_o only_o de_fw-fr ludo_fw-la gladiatorio_n and_o with_o this_o agree_v l
it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o word_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v conceive_v disjunctive_o likeas_n it_o seem_v that_o if_o the_o parliament_n have_v design_v to_o add_v the_o word_n common_a to_o receipt_n and_o stouthreif_n they_o will_v have_v add_v the_o same_o to_o prevent_v this_o objection_n and_o it_o seem_v indeed_o that_o stouthreif_n which_o be_v that_o species_n of_o theft_n that_o we_o call_v robery_n deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v as_o treason_n in_o land_a man_n though_o they_o do_v not_o common_o commit_v the_o same_o because_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o land_v man_n to_o commit_v robbery_n and_o it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o they_o will_v rob_v than_o steal_v this_o crime_n ought_v to_o be_v as_o severe_o punish_v in_o they_o as_o common_a theft_n and_o according_o the_o foresay_a alledgiance_n be_v propon_v for_o james_n wood_n the_o 21._o may_v 1601._o it_o be_v repel_v iii_o in_o this_o process_n likewise_o the_o say_a james_n have_v be_v pursue_v for_o rob_v the_o writ_n and_o evident_n belong_v to_o bonitown_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi oughts_z to_o condescend_v upon_o the_o land_n to_o which_o these_o evident_n belong_v because_o if_o that_o be_v condescend_v on_o the_o panel_n will_v prove_v that_o the_o say_v land_n and_o consequent_o the_o evident_n do_v belong_v to_o himself_o which_o alledgiance_n be_v likewise_o repel_v nor_o be_v it_o find_v necessary_a that_o a_o civil_a precognition_n shall_v proceed_v in_o this_o case_n and_o in_o june_n 1668._o it_o be_v find_v that_o a_o libel_n be_v relevant_a bear_v in_o general_n that_o jewel_n or_o pearl_n be_v steal_v without_o condescend_v upon_o the_o particular_a number_n of_o they_o and_o it_o be_v allege_v for_o the_o macgibbons_n decemb._n 8._o 1676._o that_o the_o libel_n be_v not_o relevant_a not_o condescend_v upon_o the_o person_n from_o who_o the_o good_n be_v rob_v nor_o what_o good_n be_v rob_v but_o only_o in_o the_o general_n that_o the_o panel_n do_v frequent_o rob_v the_o house_n of_o garntilly_n and_o strathurd_n tenant_n to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o though_o where_o private_a party_n pursue_v ad_fw-la interest_n privatum_fw-la such_o a_o condescendance_n be_v nessary_a because_o the_o informer_n may_v know_v nor_o can_v the_o private_a damnage_n be_v repair_v except_o his_o loss_n be_v liquid_o prove_v yet_o when_o the_o pursuit_n be_v at_o his_o majesty_n instance_n and_o that_o a_o habitual_a and_o constant_a trade_n of_o rob_v and_o sorning_n be_v libel_v it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o libel_v in_o general_n and_o if_o the_o speciality_n be_v not_o prove_v the_o panel_n have_v no_o prejudice_n for_o they_o will_v not_o be_v find_v guilty_a nor_o will_v the_o probation_n be_v conclude_v but_o it_o be_v all_o one_o to_o his_o majesty_n which_o of_o his_o subject_n be_v rob_v or_o what_o be_v take_v away_o it_o be_v his_o majesty_n interest_n that_o no_o constant_a and_o habitual_a robbery_n be_v commit_v in_o his_o kingdom_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n more_o ordinary_a then_o to_o sustain_v libel_n against_o such_o as_o be_v guilty_a of_o open_a rebellion_n without_o condescend_v upon_o the_o particular_a person_n who_o be_v kill_v or_o rob_v in_o that_o rebellion_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v urge_v that_o if_o the_o particular_a good_n allege_v to_o be_v rob_v be_v condescend_v on_o the_o libel_n may_v be_v elide_v by_o this_o suitable_a defence_n viz._n that_o they_o have_v a_o right_a to_o the_o good_n or_o have_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n it_o may_v have_v be_v answer_v that_o they_o be_v not_o preclude_v from_o such_o defence_n by_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o libel_n for_o the_o panel_n may_v allege_v that_o the_o take_v away_o of_o such_o and_o such_o good_n can_v not_o infer_v robbery_n because_o they_o have_v a_o right_a to_o these_o good_n or_o be_v warrant_v to_o take_v they_o away_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n the_o justice_n sustain_v this_o libel_n notwithstanding_o of_o the_o generality_n aforesaid_a alexander_n steil_n be_v pursue_v in_o august_n 1669._o for_o steal_v and_o rob_v evident_n writ_n and_o clothes_n out_o of_o captain_n barclay_v house_n who_o be_v his_o master_n at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi behove_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o say_n evident_n be_v take_v away_o by_o force_n or_o break_v up_o of_o door_n and_o that_o the_o servant_n have_v of_o they_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o infer_v theft_n though_o he_o have_v deliver_v they_o to_o a_o three_o party_n and_o albeit_o this_o shall_v be_v prove_v yet_o the_o justice_n find_v this_o alledgeance_n relevant_a viz._n that_o this_o deposition_n allege_v to_o be_v steal_v be_v give_v to_o the_o panel_n that_o he_o may_v counterfeit_v the_o subscription_n and_o he_o have_v no_o freedom_n to_o comply_v therewith_o he_o do_v run_v away_o to_o the_o lord_n fyvie_n and_o deliver_v up_o the_o same_o to_o he_o without_o any_o reward_n which_o alledgeance_n be_v find_v relevant_a as_o say_v be_v though_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o libel_n and_o as_o to_o the_o wear_n clothes_n the_o libel_n be_v not_o find_v relevant_a except_o it_o have_v be_v prove_v that_o they_o belong_v to_o captain_n barclay_n and_o be_v under_o his_o lock_n at_o the_o time_n since_o it_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o servant_n have_v wear_v these_o clothes_n public_o in_o his_o master_n service_n which_o purge_v the_o presumption_n of_o theft_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v what_o a_o poor_a servant_n can_v do_v if_o he_o have_v break_v up_o the_o door_n real_o at_o his_o master_n desire_n who_o have_v send_v he_o home_o to_o bring_v paper_n though_o he_o can_v not_o prove_v the_o command_n otherways_o then_o by_o his_o master_n oath_n for_o his_o master_n may_v always_o easy_o prove_v the_o break_n up_o of_o the_o door_n iv._o so_o odious_a be_v this_o crime_n and_o so_o frequent_a be_v it_o that_o by_o the_o 21._o act_n parl._n 1_o ja._n 6._o all_o such_o as_o recept_n fortify_v maintain_v or_o give_v meat_n harbour_n or_o assistance_n to_o any_o such_o robber_n be_v declare_v art_n and_o part_n but_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o this_o act_n strike_v only_o where_o there_o be_v letter_n of_o intercommune_v and_o that_o because_o the_o act_n itself_o bear_v to_o the_o effect_n it_o shall_v be_v know_v to_o what_o purpose_n they_o intercommune_v and_o because_o it_o be_v too_o severe_a to_o punish_v man_n as_o thief_n except_o they_o be_v put_v in_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la so_o to_o do_v by_o public_a proclamation_n or_o letter_n of_o intercommuning_n v._o by_o the_o 227._o act_n parl._n 14._o i._o 6._o it_o be_v declare_v for_o the_o same_o hatred_n against_o robber_n lawful_a to_o all_o his_o majesty_n liege_n to_o concur_v and_o join_v against_o clann_n and_o border_n thief_n and_o to_o take_v and_o execute_v they_o all_o magistrate_n and_o freeholders_n be_v make_v justice_n for_o that_o effect_n by_o the_o say_v act._n but_o this_o part_n of_o the_o act_n be_v now_o in_o desuetude_n and_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v but_o temporary_a quo_fw-la ad_fw-la the_o power_n of_o execute_v but_o robber_n may_v be_v lawful_o seize_v on_o without_o authority_n vi_o oppression_n be_v ordinary_o but_o a_o quality_n of_o other_o crime_n but_o yet_o there_o be_v sometime_o special_a dittaye_v found_v thereupon_o per_fw-la se_fw-la and_o there_o be_v some_o particular_a act_n declare_v several_a species_n of_o it_o to_o be_v punishable_a as_o reif_a or_o by_o other_o specific_a punishment_n mention_v in_o the_o said_n act_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v oppression_n to_o compel_v the_o king_n proper_a tenant_n to_o ride_v or_o do_v service_n of_o avarage_n carriage_n shear_v lead_v etc._n etc._n and_o shall_v be_v punish_v according_o act_n 21._o p._n 2._o i._o 4._o it_o be_v oppression_n to_o take_v caup_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o duty_n for_o protection_n to_o be_v give_v by_o private_a man_n to_o such_o as_o thief_n and_o other_o great_a man_n act_n 18._o and_o 19_o parl._n 2._o ja._n 4._o vid._n de_fw-fr verb._n signif_n it_o be_v oppression_n for_o a_o crafts-man_n to_o take_v custom_n or_o any_o other_o taxation_n from_o another_o of_o that_o same_o craft_n or_o for_o they_o to_o make_v private_a act_n among_o themselves_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o people_n acts._n 42._o and_o 43._o parl._n 4._o james._n 4._o act._n 111._o parl._n 7._o i._o 5._o and_o act._n 4._o par._n 19_o ja._n 6._o it_o be_v oppression_n for_o customer_n to_o exact_v more_o than_o their_o due_n act._n 46._o p._n 4._o i._o 4._o it_o be_v oppression_n to_o molest_v magistrate_n of_o burgh_n and_o other_o merchand_n to_o use_v their_o privilege_n and_o liberty_n act._n 26._o parl._n 4._o ja._n 5._o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o
punish_v with_o the_o same_o pain_n 3._o by_o constant_a custom_n in_o all_o criminal_a court_n be_v and_o part_n be_v punish_v as_o the_o principal_a crime_n notwithstanding_o of_o all_o which_o i_o think_v the_o foresay_a conclusion_n very_o rigorous_a for_o paena_fw-la est_fw-la commensuranda_fw-la de_fw-fr licto_fw-la and_o to_o punish_v the_o more_o and_o the_o less_o guilty_a equal_o seem_v against_o nature_n and_o justice_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o doctor_n accession_n be_v punishable_a according_a to_o their_o proportional_a degree_n of_o guilt_n and_o albeit_o the_o act_n above_o cite_v sustain_v the_o libel_n yet_o it_o ordain_v not_o the_o punishment_n of_o art_n and_o part_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o principal_a offender_n but_o though_o the_o act_n do_v bear_v the_o same_o express_o yet_o by_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o doctor_n a_o statute_n bear_v that_o such_o as_o be_v accessary_a shall_v be_v punish_v as_o the_o principal_a malefactor_n be_v to_o be_v restrict_v ad_fw-la opem_fw-la quae_fw-la dedit_fw-la causam_fw-la maleficio_fw-la &_o non_fw-fr de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la modo_fw-la auxiliandi_fw-la annot_n ad_fw-la clar._n quest_n 90._o num_fw-la 28._o it_o will_v therefore_o seem_v just_a that_o not_o only_o the_o justice_n or_o party_n shall_v make_v application_n to_o the_o council_n and_o interpose_v that_o the_o punishment_n shall_v be_v mitigat_fw-la according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o guilt_n as_o the_o custom_n now_o be_v but_o that_o the_o justice_n shall_v have_v a_o innate_a power_n to_o proportion_v the_o punishment_n to_o the_o guilt_n prove_v for_o none_o can_v understand_v so_o well_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o guilt_n as_o the_o justice_n who_o hear_v the_o probation_n and_o it_o be_v hard_a that_o the_o poor_a panel_n shall_v lie_v under_o so_o great_a hazard_n as_o to_o be_v expose_v to_o a_o capital_a sentence_n whereas_o it_o may_v be_v the_o council_n will_v not_o sit_v so_o soon_o as_o that_o he_o may_v interpose_v with_o they_o some_o crime_n punish_v among_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v not_o direct_o in_o use_n with_o we_o have_v finish_v in_o the_o last_o title_n what_o belong_v to_o those_o crime_n which_o our_o law_n punâ—shes_v direct_o i_o resolve_v here_o to_o touch_v overly_o even_o those_o crime_n which_o be_v little_o consider_v among_o we_o not_o only_o that_o we_o may_v thereby_o know_v the_o genius_n of_o that_o wise_a nation_n but_o that_o we_o may_v consider_v how_o far_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o renew_v among_o we_o these_o excellent_a law_n the_o roman_n consider_v how_o destructive_a those_o be_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n who_o endeavour_v by_o all_o indirect_a mean_n to_o screw_v themselves_o into_o public_a employment_n do_v therefore_o make_v this_o indirect_a deal_n to_o be_v a_o crime_n and_o call_v it_o ambitus_fw-la which_o punish_v lege_fw-la julia_fw-la those_o who_o give_v money_n for_o make_v themselves_o magistrate_n or_o that_o they_o may_v attain_v to_o honour_n it_o be_v common_o think_v that_o how_o soon_o the_o power_n be_v transfer_v from_o the_o people_n to_o the_o senate_n and_o from_o the_o senate_n to_o the_o prince_n this_o crime_n cease_v because_o the_o prince_n have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o bestow_v magistracy_n and_o honour_n be_v still_o presume_v in_o law_n to_o bestow_v they_o upon_o those_o deserve_v best_a who_o groneveg_v the_o leg_n abrogat_fw-la ad_fw-la h._n t._n but_o yet_o i_o see_v not_o why_o the_o prince_n may_v not_o just_o cause_n punish_v such_o who_o have_v wrong_v both_o the_o public_a interest_n and_o his_o favour_n in_o prostitute_v both_o to_o so_o unworthy_a a_o sale_n and_o since_o commissioner_n for_o parliament_n and_o magistrate_n of_o town_n be_v still_o elect_v by_o plurality_n of_o suffrage_n i_o see_v not_o why_o such_o as_o bribe_v the_o elector_n may_v not_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o accusation_n the_o punishment_n of_o this_o crime_n be_v deportation_n which_o be_v much_o like_o our_o banishment_n and_o in_o the_o less_o town_n it_o be_v punish_v by_o a_o fine_n of_o a_o hundred_o crown_n and_o infamy_n and_o since_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o bribe_v i_o think_v it_o shall_v be_v punish_v with_o we_o as_o such_o residuorum_fw-la crimen_fw-la be_v commit_v by_o he_o who_o convert_v the_o public_a money_n with_o which_o he_o be_v entrust_v to_o his_o own_o private_a use_n and_o be_v punish_v by_o fyne_a he_o who_o be_v guilty_a in_o a_o three_o more_o than_o he_o owe_v this_o crime_n be_v punish_v by_o no_o express_a law_n with_o we_o but_o that_o this_o be_v a_o crime_n with_o we_o appear_v clear_o from_o its_o be_v except_v from_o the_o late_a act_n of_o indemnity_n among_o the_o other_o crime_n the_o word_n whereof_o be_v except_v all_o private_a murder_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o account_n of_o all_o such_o person_n as_o have_v intromet_v with_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n revenue_n public_a imposition_n excise_n fines_n forfeiture_n sequestration_n and_o all_o other_o public_a money_n for_o which_o they_o have_v not_o order_n warrant_v or_o assignment_n for_o their_o own_o private_a use_n or_o for_o which_o they_o have_v not_o due_o count_v and_o receive_v discharge_v thereof_o from_o such_o as_o pretend_v to_o have_v authority_n for_o the_o time_n to_o do_v the_o same_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o the_o exchequer_n may_v be_v judge_n competent_a to_o this_o crime_n if_o commit_v by_o their_o own_o member_n and_o the_o council_n if_o do_v by_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n servant_n since_o there_o can_v be_v no_o great_a injury_n do_v to_o his_o majesty_n government_n then_o to_o abstract_n or_o invert_v his_o money_n which_o be_v the_o nerve_n not_o only_o of_o war_n but_o of_o all_o power_n peculatus_fw-la be_v a_o steal_n of_o the_o public_a money_n as_o the_o other_o be_v a_o conceal_n of_o it_o and_o this_o be_v punish_v in_o public_a minister_n capital_o l._n un_fw-fr c._n h._n t._n though_o other_o theft_n be_v not_o capital_o punish_v among_o the_o roman_n so_o attrocious_a a_o crime_n do_v they_o judge_v the_o breach_n of_o trust_n and_o so_o easy_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v for_o public_a minister_n to_o steal_v public_a money_n if_o they_o please_v this_o crime_n be_v certain_o punishable_a with_o we_o by_o death_n since_o all_o theft_n be_v so_o punishable_a plagium_n be_v the_o steal_n of_o man_n and_o be_v punishable_a by_o death_n l._n 7._o &_o ult_n c._n h._n t._n which_o agree_v with_o the_o law_n of_o god_n exod._n 21.16_o deut._n 24.7_o and_o with_o we_o egyptian_n and_o other_o steal_v child_n have_v be_v likewise_o punish_v by_o death_n and_o such_o as_o force_v away_o man_n to_o be_v soldier_n shall_v be_v liable_a to_o the_o same_o punishment_n though_o the_o council_n use_v to_o punish_v they_o only_o by_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n and_o such_o as_o take_v away_o man_n childeren_n upon_o pretext_n to_o marry_v they_o before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o year_n wherein_o they_o may_v give_v a_o legal_a consent_n which_o be_v 12._o in_o woman_n and_o 14._o in_o man_n ought_v in_o my_o judgement_n to_o be_v so_o punish_v i_o have_v treat_v crimen_fw-la repetundarum_fw-la in_o the_o title_n brybe_a &_o crimen_fw-la annonae_fw-la in_o the_o title_n forestallers_a i_o shall_v end_v this_o first_o part_n relate_v to_o crime_n with_o theophils_n apology_n subjoin_v to_o his_o title_n of_o crime_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d finis_fw-la part_n ii_o title_n i._o of_o jurisdiction_n in_o general_n 1._o jurisdiction_n define_v and_o divide_v in_o imperium_fw-la merum_fw-la mixtum_fw-la &_o jurisdictionem_fw-la simplicem_fw-la 2._o jurisdiction_n be_v either_o ordinary_a or_o delegat_v 3._o it_o be_v either_o cumulative_a or_o privative_a 4._o how_o a_o jurisdiction_n may_v be_v prorogat_n the_o civilian_n do_v treat_v of_o jurisdiction_n very_o learned_o and_o profuse_o but_o since_o most_o of_o their_o dictate_v be_v very_o remote_a from_o our_o practice_n in_o scotland_n i_o resolve_v to_o clear_v only_o such_o general_a term_n as_o be_v borrow_v by_o our_o law_n from_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n i._o jurisdiction_n may_v be_v define_v to_o be_v a_o public_a power_n grant_v to_o a_o magistrate_n to_o cognosc_fw-la upon_o and_o determine_v cause_n and_o to_o put_v sentence_n follow_v thereupon_o in_o execution_n in_o such_o way_n and_o manner_n as_o either_o his_o commission_n law_n or_o practic_a do_v allow_v jurisdiction_n be_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n divide_v in_o merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la mixtum_fw-la imperium_fw-la &_o jurisdictionem_fw-la simplicem_fw-la merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la est_fw-la abere_fw-la potestatem_fw-la gladii_fw-la ad_fw-la animadvertendum_fw-la in_o facinerofos_fw-la &_o potestatas_fw-la etiam_fw-la appellatur_fw-la mixtum_fw-la imperium_fw-la est_fw-la potestas_fw-la qua_fw-la jure_fw-la proprio_fw-la magistratui_fw-la competit_fw-la cui_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la inhaeret_fw-la &_o inest_fw-la &_o dicitur_fw-la
mixtum_fw-la quia_fw-la cum_fw-la jurisdictione_n est_fw-la conjunctum_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la simplex_fw-la differt_fw-la secundum_fw-la bartolum_n a_o mixto_fw-la imperio_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la quod_fw-la imperium_fw-la mixtum_fw-la expediatur_fw-la judicis_fw-la nobili_fw-la officio_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la judicis_fw-la ordinario_fw-la with_o we_o the_o justice_n have_v only_o a_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n the_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o commissar_n a_o mere_o civil_a jurisdiction_n lord_n of_o regality_n and_o sheriff_n a_o mix_a jurisdiction_n partly_o civil_a partly_o criminal_a but_o in_o all_o jurisdiction_n though_o mere_o civil_a there_o be_v still_o a_o innat_fw-la power_n to_o punish_v even_o criminal_o such_o as_o offend_v and_o disturb_v even_o the_o civil_a jurisdiction_n thus_o the_o lord_n may_v ordain_v such_o as_o strike_v any_o in_o the_o parliament_n house_n whilst_o they_o sit_v or_o falsify_v paper_n produce_v before_o they_o or_o abuse_v any_o of_o their_o own_o number_n to_o be_v degrade_v or_o banish_v or_o to_o pay_v a_o fine_n or_o to_o have_v their_o tongue_n bore_v etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o merit_n of_o the_o offence_n for_o in_o law_n when_o any_o power_n be_v grant_v every_o thing_n be_v also_o grant_v which_o be_v necessary_a for_o explicate_v or_o execute_v that_o power_n ii_o jurisdiction_n be_v divide_v likewise_o in_o ordinariam_fw-la &_o delegatam_fw-la and_o here_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o power_n of_o judge_a crime_n which_o be_v merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la can_v be_v delegat_n according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n it_o can_v not_o l._n 1._o &_o l._n 70._o ff_n de_fw-fr regulis_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o see_v crime_n be_v of_o so_o great_a concernment_n that_o industria_fw-la personae_fw-la in_o electiono_fw-la judicis_fw-la respicitur_fw-la there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o they_o shall_v be_v cognosce_v by_o depute_n ordinary_a commission_n with_o we_o also_o bear_v a_o power_n of_o delegation_n which_o be_v unnecessary_a if_o the_o power_n of_o delegation_n be_v inhaerent_a natural_o in_o jurisdiction_n and_o albeit_o i_o have_v see_v justice_n deputes_o delegat_v other_o to_o represent_v they_o in_o the_o justice_n court_n yet_o this_o practice_n seem_v to_o want_v both_o warrant_n and_o reason_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o craig_n pag._n 192._o that_o potestatem_fw-la gladij_fw-la qui_fw-la ab_fw-la alio_fw-la quam_fw-la a_o principe_fw-la habet_fw-la nemo_fw-la potest_fw-la delegare_fw-la and_o by_o balfour_n cap._n 63._o that_o a_o baron_n can_v delegat_n any_o person_n to_o judge_v in_o the_o matter_n of_o blood_n except_o the_o say_a power_n be_v special_o allow_v he_o but_o the_o law_n allow_v even_o to_o depute_n though_o they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o delegat_v other_o a_o power_n to_o appoint_v another_o to_o judge_v for_o they_o in_o case_n of_o necessary_a absence_n l._n 1._o ff_n de_fw-mi off_o ejus_fw-la cui_fw-la man_v which_o lawyer_n do_v also_o allow_v ex_fw-la paritate_fw-la rationis_fw-la to_o such_o as_o be_v sick_a bart._n ibid._n and_o the_o reason_n of_o both_o be_v lest_o the_o commonwealth_n suffer_v by_o their_o absence_n or_o sickness_n for_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o crime_n be_v present_o try_v iii_o jurisdiction_n be_v divide_v by_o our_o law_n in_o cumulativam_fw-la for_o so_o we_o call_v that_o jurisdiction_n which_o be_v competent_a to_o several_a judge_n and_o whereby_o they_o may_v preveen_v one_o another_o and_o thus_o sheriff_n and_o baron_n have_v a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n in_o blood_n weit_n &_o privatam_fw-la for_o so_o we_o call_v that_o jurisdiction_n which_o be_v competent_a peculiarly_a to_o any_o one_o judge_n this_o distinction_n be_v use_v very_o much_o in_o our_o law_n and_o especial_o by_o craig_n pag_n 192._o who_o lay_v it_o down_o as_o rule_v that_o omnis_fw-la curia_fw-la delegatur_fw-la tantum_fw-la cumulative_a sed_fw-la nunquam_fw-la privative_a non_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la quasi_fw-la translatio_fw-la juris_fw-la ex_fw-la una_fw-la persona_fw-la in_o alium_fw-la sed_fw-la tantum_fw-la mandata_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la obstante_fw-la jurisdictione_n sive_fw-la mandato_fw-la ad_fw-la huc_fw-la remanet_fw-la in_o delegante_fw-la nec_fw-la minus_fw-la dominus_fw-la post_fw-la juvestituram_fw-la vassallo_fw-la factam_fw-la retinet_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la &_o curiam_fw-la quam_fw-la antea_fw-la and_o thus_o albeit_o his_o majesty_n grant_v commission_n to_o a_o sheriff_n yet_o he_o ofttimes_o appoint_v other_o depute_n as_o mr._n william_n wallace_n in_o edinburgh_n sir_n gilbert_n stewart_n in_o the_o sherifdom_n of_o perth_n and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o though_o a_o prelate_n have_v appoint_v a_o heritable_a bailiff_n yet_o he_o be_v not_o thereby_o exclude_v from_o sit_v himself_o although_o he_o be_v thereby_o exclude_v from_o appoint_v any_o other_o heritable_a bailiff_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o have_v 1._o february_n 1610._o iv._o jurisdiction_n be_v say_v to_o be_v prorogat_n when_o a_o defender_n do_v willing_o submit_v to_o the_o judicatur_fw-la before_o which_o he_o be_v cite_v though_o otherways_o not_o altogether_o competent_a &_o affirmare_fw-la judicium_fw-la be_v to_o submit_v to_o a_o judicatory_a altogether_o incompetent_a it_o be_v a_o receive_a conclusion_n among_o lawyer_n that_o a_o delinquent_n may_v prorogat_v his_o jurisdiction_n who_o have_v a_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n but_o that_o by_o a_o act_n of_o he_o as_o by_o compearance_n and_o answer_v before_o a_o incompetent_a judge_n the_o delinquent_n can_v prorogat_n that_o judge_n jurisdiction_n who_o have_v no_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n at_o all_o clar._n quest_n 42._o and_o thus_o if_o a_o man_n be_v pursue_v for_o theft_n before_o the_o commissar_n their_o decreet_a will_v be_v null_a though_o the_o delinquent_n decline_v not_o the_o court_n but_o if_o before_o a_o sheriff_n the_o sentence_n will_v be_v valid_a though_o the_o delinquent_n be_v not_o of_o his_o territory_n and_o though_o he_o be_v pursue_v for_o a_o crime_n to_o which_o the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o otherwise_o judge_v competent_a but_o a_o private_a delinquent_n by_o prorogate_a the_o â—udges_n jurisdiction_n as_o say_v be_v can_v only_o prejudge_v himself_o by_o his_o own_o compliance_n but_o can_v prejudge_v any_o other_o judge_n of_o his_o casuality_n title_n ii_o of_o the_o judge_n competent_a de_fw-fr foro_fw-la competenti_fw-la 1._o in_o what_o place_n may_v a_o delinquent_n be_v try_v 2._o who_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o crime_n commit_v by_o stranger_n 3._o where_o be_v vagabond_n to_o be_v pursue_v 4._o who_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o ecclesiastic_a person_n 5._o prevention_n among_o judge_n competent_a explain_v and_o clear_v i._o for_o understanding_n who_o be_v judge_n competent_a in_o general_n to_o punish_v crime_n and_o what_o find_v his_o competency_n or_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o doctor_n speak_v quod_fw-la est_fw-la forum_n competens_fw-la it_o be_v fit_a to_o know_v that_o he_o who_o commit_v a_o crime_n may_v be_v judge_v either_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v which_o they_o call_v forum_n delicti_fw-la commissi_fw-la or_o in_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v which_o be_v call_v forum_n originis_fw-la or_o in_o the_o pâ—ace_n where_o he_o dwell_v which_o â—s_v forum_n domicilii_fw-la the_o place_n where_o the_o fault_n be_v commit_v be_v of_o all_o the_o three_o the_o most_o competent_a for_o it_o be_v most_o just_a and_o fit_a that_o crime_n shall_v be_v punish_v where_o they_o be_v commit_v that_o other_o who_o have_v see_v the_o crime_n may_v by_o that_o punishment_n be_v deter_v from_o commit_v the_o like_a and_o that_o the_o party_n injure_v may_v be_v somewhat_o repair_v by_o see_v the_o law_n just_o revenge_v their_o wrong_n and_o in_o the_o place_n where_o the_o crime_n be_v commit_v accuser_n can_v most_o easy_o attend_v and_o probation_n can_v be_v soon_o and_o best_a hear_v act_n 6._o p._n 6._o i._o 1._o not_o only_a where_o the_o crime_n itself_o be_v full_o commit_v may_v it_o be_v try_v but_o where_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v commit_v and_o therefore_o a_o thief_n may_v be_v judge_v not_o only_a where_o he_o first_o break_v the_o house_n but_o by_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o place_n where_o he_o be_v take_v with_o the_o thing_n steal_v carleval_fw-fr de_fw-fr judiciis_fw-la pag._n 156._o but_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v take_v can_v only_o proceed_v against_o the_o thief_n in_o that_o case_n if_o he_o be_v present_a but_o can_v cite_v he_o if_o he_o be_v absent_a whereas_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o house_n be_v break_v may_v cite_v he_o though_o he_o be_v absent_a and_o if_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o house_n be_v break_v or_o the_o thing_n be_v first_o steal_v please_v he_o may_v require_v the_o other_o to_o remit_v he_o or_o send_v he_o back_o to_o he_o to_o be_v judge_v but_o this_o last_o will_v not_o hold_v in_o our_o practice_n for_o with_o we_o wherever_o a_o thief_n be_v take_v with_o a_o fang_n he_o may_v be_v hang_v nor_o be_v
cause_n in_o the_o first_o instance_n and_o of_o old_a if_o a_o person_n accuse_v for_o treason_n do_v absent_v himself_o the_o criminal_a court_n not_o no_o other_o inferior_a court_n can_v proceed_v to_o take_v trial_n by_o probation_n against_o he_o and_o so_o all_o they_o can_v do_v be_v only_o to_o denounce_v he_o fugitive_n for_o his_o absence_n upon_o which_o denounciation_n his_o escheat_n do_v only_o fall_v but_o he_o can_v not_o be_v forefeit_v and_o therefore_o since_o it_o be_v unjust_a that_o he_o shall_v by_o his_o own_o absence_n procure_v to_o himself_o a_o impunity_n and_o exemption_n from_o forfeiture_n the_o parliament_n do_v by_o their_o supreme_a power_n cite_v the_o person_n guilty_a to_o appear_v before_o they_o and_o do_v lead_v probation_n in_o absence_n against_o he_o and_o forfeit_v he_o in_o absence_n though_o guilty_a but_o it_o be_v find_v inconvenient_a that_o parliament_n behoove_v either_o to_o be_v call_v or_o such_o delinquent_n pass_v unpunished_a therefore_o by_o the_o 11._o act_n 2._o parl._n ch._n 1._o it_o be_v statute_v that_o the_o justice_n may_v proceed_v to_o try_v crime_n by_o probation_n even_o when_o the_o person_n cite_v be_v absent_a in_o case_n of_o treasonable_a rise_n in_o arm_n and_o open_a and_o manifest_a rebellion_n against_o his_o majesty_n or_o his_o successor_n and_o their_o authority_n so_o that_o the_o parliament_n be_v yet_o only_a judge_n to_o the_o trial_n of_o all_o crime_n by_o probation_n against_o absent_v except_o only_a perduellion_n oâ—_n open_a and_o manifest_a treason_n and_o albeit_o it_o may_v seem_v strange_a that_o the_o justice_n shall_v have_v be_v allow_v to_o lead_v probation_n against_o absent_v in_o this_o which_o be_v the_o great_a of_o crime_n and_o not_o in_o crime_n of_o lesser_a importance_n yet_o this_o proceed_v from_o the_o just_a detestation_n which_o the_o parliament_n have_v of_o this_o crime_n and_o that_o the_o punishment_n thereof_o may_v not_o be_v delay_v where_o the_o delay_n may_v prove_v so_o dangerous_a ii_o if_o the_o parliament_n forfeit_v any_o person_n after_o cognition_n of_o the_o cause_n their_o sentence_n can_v be_v quarrel_v by_o any_o inferior_a judge_n act_n 39_o parl._n 11._o k._n i._n 6._o and_o though_o it_o be_v add_v to_o that_o act_n that_o no_o forfeiture_n lawful_o and_o orderly_o lead_v in_o parliament_n shall_v be_v quarrel_v by_o any_o inferior_a judicatory_a for_o these_o word_n lawful_o and_o orderly_o lead_v seem_v unnecessary_a since_o after_o cognition_n of_o the_o cause_n by_o the_o parliament_n no_o inferior_a judicatory_a can_v quarrel_v a_o decreet_a of_o parliament_n even_o though_o it_o be_v pretend_v that_o the_o say_v decreet_a be_v not_o lawful_a and_o orderly_a yet_o if_o a_o person_n be_v only_o denounce_v fugitive_n by_o the_o parliament_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n may_v suspend_v in_o that_o case_n if_o the_o process_n be_v not_o orderly_o lead_v but_o whether_o they_o can_v reduce_v even_o in_o that_o case_n est_fw-la altioris_fw-la indaginis_fw-la and_o some_o think_v that_o though_o it_o be_v very_o inconvenient_a that_o such_o a_o decreet_a shall_v receive_v present_a execution_n where_o possible_o the_o party_n be_v not_o lawful_o cite_v yet_o that_o such_o respect_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o parliament_n as_o that_o the_o illegality_n of_o that_o procedure_n before_o they_o though_o not_o object_v before_o sentence_n shall_v remain_v undecided_a till_o the_o next_o session_n of_o parliament_n iii_o if_o the_o parliament_n shall_v remit_v any_o such_o process_n for_o crime_n to_o any_o of_o their_o own_o number_n to_o be_v decide_v final_o before_o they_o it_o have_v be_v doubt_v whether_o their_o decision_n can_v be_v reduce_v by_o the_o session_n and_o this_o act_n of_o parliament_n reach_v only_o to_o decision_n in_o parliament_n but_o yet_o since_o decreet_n pronounce_v by_o commissioner_n of_o parliament_n be_v repute_v with_o we_o decreet_n of_o parliament_n and_o since_o decreet_v pronounce_v by_o commissioner_n for_o valuation_n of_o teind_n be_v not_o reduceable_a because_o these_o decreet_n be_v repute_v decreet_n of_o parliament_n as_o be_v pronounce_v by_o such_o commissioner_n of_o parliament_n it_o seem_v that_o decreet_v pronounce_v by_o such_o commissioner_n in_o crime_n after_o probation_n can_v not_o be_v quarrel_v and_o reduce_v by_o the_o session_n or_o other_o inferior_a judicatories_n title_n iu._n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o high-constable_n in_o crminals_n 1._o the_o original_a of_o the_o word_n constable_n and_o his_o power_n 2._o the_o office_n of_o petty_a constable_n 3._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o those_o who_o be_v constable_n of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n i._o some_o describe_v the_o word_n constable_n from_o the_o word_n coning_n which_o signify_v a_o king_n and_o staple_n which_o signify_v a_o stay_n or_o hold_v in_o the_o saxon_a language_n because_o constabulary_n be_v only_o erect_v in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o king_n keep_v house_n and_o thus_o the_o constable_n be_v judge_v of_o old_a to_o all_o crime_n commit_v within_o twelve_o league_n of_o the_o king_n house_n and_o habitation_n l._n malcol_n c._n 6._o though_o skeen_n there_o observe_v that_o the_o best_a manuscript_n bear_v only_o two_o league_n or_o four_o scot_n miles_n our_o craig_n and_o other_o author_n derive_v the_o word_n constable_n from_o the_o comes_fw-la stabuli_fw-la under_o the_o roman_a empire_n nam_fw-la constabularius_fw-la say_v he_o nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la nisi_fw-la praefectus_fw-la aequitum_fw-la since_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n robert_n the_o bruce_n this_o office_n of_o high-constable_n stand_v heretable_o in_o the_o noble_a family_n of_o errol_n and_o their_o be_v some_o debate_n concern_v his_o jurisdiction_n francis_n earl_n of_o errol_n obtain_v commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n date_v the_o 23._o of_o jun_n 1630._o seal_v penult_n march_v 1631._o to_o the_o person_n therein_o specify_v or_o any_o nine_o of_o they_o impower_v they_o to_o search_v the_o act_n of_o parliament_n consuetude_n monument_n and_o register_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o all_o evident_n that_o the_o earl_n of_o errol_n or_o the_o lord_n hay_o his_o son_n shall_v produce_v concern_v their_o honour_n hostilogy_n privilege_n and_o immmunity_n belong_v or_o which_o have_v belong_v to_o the_o office_n of_o constabulary_a from_o the_o first_o institution_n thereof_o this_o commission_n i_o have_v see_v with_o the_o report_n thereof_o date_v the_o 27_o of_o july_n 1631._o bearing_n the_o commissioner_n to_o have_v meet_v with_o the_o earl_n of_o errol_n and_o his_o say_a son_n and_o to_o have_v consider_v their_o instruction_n warrant_n and_o custom_n of_o other_o country_n anent_o the_o constable_n privilege_n and_o in_o the_o three_o article_n of_o the_o report_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n only_o here_o treat_v of_o they_o set_v down_o these_o word_n the_o constable_n be_v supreme_a in_o all_o matter_n of_o riot_n disorder_n blood_n and_o slaughter_v commit_v within_o four_o mile_n of_o the_o king_n person_n or_o of_o the_o parliament_n or_o council_n represent_v the_o royal_a authority_n in_o his_o absence_n and_o that_o alse_a well_o within_o the_o court_n as_o outwith_o the_o same_o and_o the_o trial_n and_o punishment_n of_o such_o crime_n and_o offence_n be_v proper_a and_o due_a to_o the_o constable_n and_o his_o depute_n and_o the_o provost_n and_o baily_n of_o that_o centre_n or_o burgh_n and_o all_o other_o judge_n within_o the_o bound_n where_o the_o say_v fact_n be_v commit_v be_v obliedge_v to_o ride_v concur_v fortify_v and_o assist_v the_o constable_n and_o his_o depute_n in_o take_v the_o say_n malefactor_n and_o to_o make_v their_o tolbooth_n patent_n for_o receive_v they_o therein_o as_o be_v clear_o evident_a by_o production_n of_o warrant_n grant_v by_o his_o majesty_n predecessor_n to_o that_o effect_n and_o which_o likewise_o appear_v by_o the_o exhibition_n of_o certain_a bond_n make_v by_o the_o town_n of_o edinburgh_n to_o the_o constable_n for_o the_o time_n concern_v that_o purpose_n the_o king_n have_v see_v this_o report_n do_v approve_v it_o in_o a_o letter_n direct_v to_o his_o secret_a council_n of_o this_o kingdom_n from_o the_o court_n at_o theobal_n the_o 11._o of_o may_v 1633._o registrat_n in_o the_o book_n of_o secret_a council_n the_o 15._o day_n of_o that_o month_n and_o in_o the_o commission_n report_n and_o letter_n foresay_a the_o constable_n be_v design_v high-constable_n and_o his_o office_n the_o high-office_n of_o constabulary_a the_o constable_n be_v still_o in_o use_n since_o that_o time_n to_o judge_v riot_n within_o the_o bound_n foresaid_n and_o to_o interrupt_v the_o town_n of_o edinburgh_n when_o he_o know_v of_o their_o meddle_v provide_v the_o riot_n be_v commit_v in_o time_n of_o parliament_n and_o i_o be_v tell_v that_o in_o time_n of_o parliament_n hold_v at_o edinburgh_n anno_fw-la 1640._o and_o 1641._o the_o earl_n of_o errol_n be_v find_v
by_o the_o lord_n of_o secret_a council_n to_o have_v the_o sole_a criminal_a jurisdiction_n and_o do_v repledge_v servant_n to_o sir_n thomas_n nâ—colson_n the_o king_n advocate_n arraign_v before_o the_o magistrate_n of_o edinburgh_n for_o a_o slaughter_n and_o assoilzy_v he_o upon_o production_n of_o a_o remission_n and_o upon_o the_o 5._o of_o september_n 1672._o gilbert_n earl_n of_o errol_n do_v repledge_a james_n johnstoun_n violer_fw-la arraign_v before_o the_o magistrate_n of_o edinburgh_n as_o sheriff_n within_o themselves_o for_o stab_v of_o his_o wife_n the_o day_n before_o easter_n the_o magistrate_n have_v take_v his_o judicial_a confession_n and_o summond_v the_o assize_n there_o be_v no_o formal_a repledgiation_n because_o the_o magistrate_n pass_v from_o he_o upon_o the_o constable_n application_n and_o upon_o the_o 6._o of_o that_o month_n of_o september_n the_o constable_n depute_v sentence_v he_o to_o be_v hang_v and_o to_o have_v his_o right_a hand_n which_o give_v the_o stroke_n cut_v off_o and_o affix_v upon_o lie_v wind_n port_n and_o ordain_v the_o magistrate_n of_o edinburgh_n to_o cause_n put_v the_o sentence_n to_o execution_n upon_o the_o 9_o of_o that_o month_n likeas_n the_o coachman_n of_o a_o nobleman_n have_v about_o the_o same_o time_n wound_v a_o child_n the_o constable_n command_v the_o town_n guard_n to_o apprehend_v the_o delinquent_n which_o they_o according_o do_v till_o he_o be_v free_v by_o a_o remission_n ii_o out_o of_o this_o high_a magistracy_n of_o constable_n say_v lambert_n a_o english_a lawyer_n be_v draw_v those_o inferior_a constable_n of_o hundred_o which_o office_n we_o borrow_v from_o they_o and_o they_o be_v with_o we_o subservient_fw-fr to_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o be_v to_o be_v choose_v by_o they_o two_o out_o of_o every_o paroch_n and_o as_o many_o in_o town_n as_o may_v be_v proportional_a to_o the_o greatness_n thereof_o and_o they_o have_v power_n to_o apprehend_v all_o suspicious_a idle_a or_o guilty_a person_n and_o may_v require_v the_o neighbour_n to_o assist_v they_o and_o if_o the_o guilty_a person_n flee_v they_o may_v require_v the_o master_n of_o the_o house_n to_o make_v open_a door_n all_o which_o with_o many_o other_o particular_n be_v entrust_v to_o they_o by_o the_o 38._o act._n 1._o par._n ch._n the_o 2._o iii_o his_o majesty_n predecessor_n use_v of_o old_a to_o build_v castle_n in_o the_o considerable_a town_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o for_o preserve_v the_o peace_n both_o in_o that_o town_n and_o in_o the_o adjacent_a country_n and_o the_o governor_n of_o those_o castle_n be_v call_v constable_n though_o they_o be_v more_o proper_o castellain_n or_o chastellain_n as_o the_o english_a lawyer_n observe_v these_o have_v the_o power_n of_o ride_v the_o fair_n and_o have_v have_v the_o key_n of_o the_o tolbooth_n deliver_v to_o they_o they_o exercise_v a_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n during_o those_o fair_n but_o it_o be_v find_v that_o this_o jurisdiction_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o fair_n that_o be_v grant_v posterior_n to_o the_o office_n of_o constabulary_a nor_o to_o the_o custom_n thereof_o as_o be_v find_v the_o 18._o of_o july_n 1676._o betwixt_o the_o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n and_o the_o town_n of_o forfar_n but_o these_o office_n depend_v absolute_o upon_o prescription_n use_n or_o custom_n which_o either_o extinguish_v or_o limit_n they_o most_o various_o but_o because_o those_o constable_n use_n to_o extort_v custom_n at_o those_o fair_n it_o be_v therefore_o appoint_v by_o the_o 60._o and_o 61._o act_n 13._o parl._n ja._n 2._o that_o the_o constable_n shall_v not_o exact_v any_o such_o custom_n except_o his_o festment_n bear_v he_o thereto_o and_o that_o old_a use_n and_o custom_n shall_v not_o be_v sufficient_a which_o act_n be_v ratify_v by_o the_o 33_o act_n 5._o parl._n ja._n 3._o but_o if_o the_o infestment_n in_o the_o general_a bear_n cum_fw-la feudis_fw-la &_o devoriis_fw-la etc._n etc._n possession_n by_o virtue_n of_o that_o general_a right_n will_v be_v find_v sufficient_a though_o the_o particular_a casualty_n be_v not_o express_v in_o the_o infestment_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o former_a case_n betwixt_o the_o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n and_o the_o town_n of_o forfar_n this_o officer_n be_v among_o the_o athenian_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d title_n v._o the_o jurisdiction_n competent_a to_o the_o high_a chamberlain_n and_o magistrate_n of_o burgh_n royal._n the_o chamberlain_n be_v a_o office_n to_o who_o belong_v the_o judge_n of_o all_o crime_n commit_v within_o burgh_n and_o he_o be_v in_o effect_n justice-general_a over_o the_o burrows_n and_o be_v to_o hold_v chamberlain-aus_a every_o year_n for_o that_o effect_n the_o form_n whereof_o be_v set_v down_o in_o reg._n maj._n in_o a_o book_n entitle_v the_o chamberlain-air_n iter_fw-la camerarii_fw-la he_o be_v a_o supreme_a judge_n nor_o can_v his_o decreet_n be_v question_v by_o any_o inferior_a judicatory_a iter._n cam._n cap._n 35._o and_o his_o sentence_n be_v to_o be_v put_v to_o execution_n by_o bailiff_n of_o burgh_n ibid._n cap._n 37._o he_o make_v the_o price_n of_o all_o victual_n within_o burgh_n cap._n 33._o and_o of_o these_o who_o wrought_v in_o the_o mint-house_n statute_n da._n 2._o cap._n 38._o he_o be_v call_v camerarius_fw-la à _fw-la camera_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la testudine_fw-la sive_fw-la fornice_n quia_fw-la custodit_fw-la pecunias_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o camer_n be_v praecipue_fw-la reservantur_fw-la this_o office_n belong_v heretable_o to_o the_o duke_n of_o lennox_n but_o its_o privilege_n be_v by_o his_o absence_n run_v in_o desuetude_n magistrate_n of_o burgh_n as_o such_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n but_o what_o be_v competent_a by_o their_o charter_n of_o erection_n wherein_o ordinary_o they_o have_v power_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n but_o sometime_o they_o be_v justice_n within_o themselves_o as_o edinburgh_n who_o have_v right_a also_o to_o all_o escheat_n of_o their_o own_o burgess_n or_o other_o criminal_n judge_v by_o they_o for_o crime_n commit_v within_o their_o own_o burgh_n sometime_o they_o be_v sheriff_n within_o themselves_o and_o ordinary_o they_o be_v justice_n of_o peace_n within_o their_o own_o jurisdiction_n the_o king_n may_v erect_v a_o burgh_n royal_a within_o the_o bound_n of_o another_o jurisdiction_n as_o of_o a_o regality_n but_o in_o that_o case_n though_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n consent_n to_o the_o erection_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o prejudge_v the_o bailie_n of_o regality_n who_o right_a of_o bailiery_a be_v constitute_v prior_n to_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o casualty_n that_o be_v former_o due_a to_o he_o albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n may_v dissolve_v and_o dismember_v that_o part_n from_o the_o regality_n without_o the_o baily_n consent_n and_o so_o it_o not_o be_v in_o the_o regality_n it_o can_v not_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o bailiery_a the_o 27._o of_o february_n 1666._o lord_n colvil_n contra_fw-la the_o town_n of_o culross_n title_n vi_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o majesty_n privy_a council_n in_o criminal_n 1._o in_o what_o consist_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o council_n their_o precedent_n and_o number_n 2._o their_o procedur_n in_o punish_v riot_n 3._o whether_o a_o power_n to_o eject_v be_v a_o sufficient_a defence_n against_o a_o riot_n 4._o the_o punishment_n of_o riot_n 5._o precognition_n full_o consider_v 6._o the_o council_n name_n assessor_n to_o the_o justice_n and_o sometime_o review_v their_o sentence_n 7._o they_o grant_v letter_n of_o intercommune_v and_o commission_n for_o fire_n and_o sword_n 8._o they_o sometime_o ordain_v house_n to_o be_v deliver_v under_o pain_n of_o treason_n i._o the_o affair_n of_o this_o as_o of_o all_o other_o nation_n be_v either_o such_o as_o concern_v the_o policy_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o general_n or_o such_o as_o respect_v the_o distribute_v of_o justice_n betwixt_o private_a party_n the_o policy_n or_o government_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v regulate_v by_o his_o majesty_n privy_a council_n in_o which_o the_o chancellor_n be_v precedent_n if_o he_o be_v present_a but_o in_o his_o absence_n the_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n precede_v this_o office_n of_o precedent_n of_o the_o council_n be_v a_o distinct_a employment_n and_o it_o give_v he_o the_o precedency_n from_o all_o the_o nobility_n the_o number_n of_o this_o judicator_n be_v not_o definit_a depend_v upon_o his_o majesty_n commission_n but_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o state_n be_v member_n of_o it_o ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la it_o have_v its_o own_o signet_n and_o its_o letter_n pass_v by_o a_o bill_n subscribe_v by_o any_o one_o of_o the_o council_n upon_o which_o warrant_n the_o letter_n be_v in_o their_o several_a form_n extend_v and_o subscribe_v by_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o council_n and_o they_o bear_v also_o to_o be_v ex_fw-la deliberatione_n dominorum_fw-la secreti_fw-la consilii_fw-la they_o must_v be_v execute_v at_o least_o upon_o six_o free_a day_n and_o a_o
mark_n though_o she_o be_v find_v guilty_a of_o nottour_n adultery_n which_o be_v death_n by_o our_o law_n sometime_o they_o ordain_v no_o sentence_n to_o follow_v upon_o the_o verdict_n of_o a_o inquest_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o purdy_n who_o be_v condemn_v for_o usury_n in_o so_o far_o as_o he_o have_v take_v anualrent_a a_o month_n before_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n upon_o his_o debtor_n voluntar_n offer_v and_o sometime_o they_o ordain_v some_o of_o their_o own_o number_n to_o revise_v the_o process_n and_o verdict_n which_o assessor_n do_v ranverse_v the_o whole_a process_n and_o ordain_v it_o to_o be_v tear_v out_o of_o the_o criminal_a register_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o george_n grahame_n who_o be_v pursue_v for_o theft_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o assize_n have_v find_v he_o guilty_a of_o recept_n and_o so_o the_o verdict_n be_v find_v disconform_a to_o the_o libel_n and_o consequent_o the_o whole_a process_n be_v null_a yet_o when_o mr._n william_n somervel_n be_v find_v guilty_a of_o murder_n upon_o the_o deposition_n of_o one_o witness_n the_o council_n refuse_v to_o review_v the_o verdict_n as_o unwarrantable_a for_o they_o find_v that_o they_o can_v not_o quarrel_v a_o assize_n which_o condemn_v see_v assizer_n can_v only_o be_v quarrel_v for_o error_n when_o they_o assoilzie_a and_o when_o his_o advocate_n cite_v to_o they_o the_o 47._o act._n par._n 6._o k._n ja._n the_o 3._o whereby_o it_o be_v order_v that_o where_o a_o party_n find_v himself_o grieve_v by_o a_o assize_n by_o partial_a malice_n or_o ignorance_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o he_o to_o cite_v they_o before_o the_o council_n and_o if_o the_o error_n be_v prove_v the_o party_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o condition_n he_o be_v in_o before_o the_o sentence_n to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o this_o act_n speak_v only_o of_o civil_a case_n and_o that_o by_o the_o council_n here_o be_v mean_v the_o session_n to_o which_o it_o be_v reply_v the_o rubric_n and_o act_n be_v general_a and_o treat_v of_o all_o person_n wrong_v &_o qui_fw-la totum_fw-la dicit_fw-la nihil_fw-la excipit_fw-la and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n be_v comprehensive_a of_o both_o from_o all_o this_o some_o do_v conclude_v that_o if_o the_o justice_n err_v in_o judge_v the_o relevancy_n or_o if_o the_o assize_n find_v that_o prove_v which_o be_v not_o remit_v to_o they_o that_o in_o either_o of_o these_o case_n the_o council_n may_v review_v the_o sentence_n but_o that_o they_o can_v quarrel_v the_o sentence_n upon_o the_o account_n that_o the_o verdict_n be_v not_o sufficient_o warrant_v by_o the_o probation_n sometime_o also_o the_o justice_n be_v conclude_v by_o the_o decreet_a of_o the_o secret_a council_n which_o be_v repeat_v to_o the_o assize_n as_o full_a probation_n so_o that_o the_o justice_n have_v only_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o sentence_n remit_v to_o they_o thus_o fleeming_n be_v convict_v before_o the_o council_n of_o have_v utter_v most_o disdainful_a speech_n against_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o be_v remit_v to_o the_o justice_n to_o be_v examplar_o punish_v and_o upon_o production_n of_o their_o decreet_a which_o decreet_a be_v still_o express_v in_o the_o dittay_n he_o be_v hang_v 17._o may_v 1615._o vii_o if_o the_o law_n can_v receive_v full_a execution_n and_o obedience_n via_fw-la ordinaria_fw-la by_o the_o criminal_a sentence_n than_o the_o council_n upon_o production_n of_o letter_n of_o horning_n follow_v upon_o any_o criminal_a sentence_n and_o due_o execute_v and_o registrat_n use_v to_o grant_v letter_n of_o intercomune_v whereby_o all_o his_o majesty_n liedge_n be_v prohibit_v to_o intercomune_v with_o any_o of_o the_o rebel_n so_o denounce_v which_o letter_n must_v be_v publish_v at_o all_o the_o mercat-cross_n of_o the_o shyr_n and_o jurisdiction_n within_o which_o such_o person_n reside_v who_o intercomune_v be_v suspect_v and_o registrat_n there_o and_o if_o need_v be_v the_o council_n will_v likewise_o grant_v a_o commission_n for_o fire_n and_o sword_n to_o such_o person_n as_o they_o will_v name_v against_o the_o person_n who_o be_v disobedient_a in_o the_o criminal_a letter_n as_o say_v be_v and_o ordinary_o this_o commission_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n be_v give_v to_o the_o person_n interest_v which_o occasion_n many_o great_a abuse_n and_o these_o commission_n be_v sometime_o grant_v against_o party_n who_o be_v never_o cite_v but_o upon_o a_o naked_a complaint_n exhibit_v to_o the_o council_n which_o be_v most_o irregular_a the_o council_n do_v sometime_o grant_v commission_n to_o bring_v in_o party_n dead_a or_o alive_a and_o that_o upon_o naked_a petition_n without_o any_o previous_a trial_n as_o they_o do_v against_o the_o laird_n of_o dinbaith_n upon_o a_o petition_n wherein_o it_o be_v represent_v that_o he_o have_v run_v away_o with_o the_o public_a money_n deliver_v to_o he_o by_o the_o shire_n for_o pay_v their_o cease_v and_o excise_n but_o this_o seem_v hard_a and_o it_o be_v to_o execute_v a_o free_a subject_a before_o he_o be_v hear_v or_o sentence_n pronounce_v against_o he_o for_o these_o private_a petition_n may_v be_v most_o unwarrantable_o found_v viii_o if_o any_o person_n keep_v out_o his_o house_n in_o garrison_n against_o his_o majesty_n the_o council_n first_o use_v to_o issue_n out_o letter_n against_o he_o to_o deliver_v up_o his_o house_n under_o pain_n of_o treason_n and_o they_o ordain_v a_o herald_n to_o go_v and_o summon_v he_o for_o that_o effect_n and_o if_o he_o refuse_v they_o ordain_v he_o to_o be_v process_v before_o the_o justice-general_a and_o do_v immediate_o before_o any_o criminal_a sentence_n grant_v a_o commission_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n against_o he_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o burgie_n june_n 1668._o they_o use_v likewise_o of_o old_a to_o ordain_v nobleman_n and_o other_o who_o can_v not_o be_v apprehend_v by_o caption_n for_o civil_a debt_n to_o deliver_v up_o their_o person_n in_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n castle_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o treason_n which_o though_o it_o be_v now_o indesuetude_n yet_o it_o be_v most_o reasonable_a and_o of_o excellent_a use_n see_v it_o be_v most_o absurd_a that_o any_o of_o his_o majesty_n liedge_n shall_v contemn_v his_o law_n and_o that_o such_o poor_a person_n as_o pay_v his_o majesty_n tax_n and_o imposition_n and_o who_o be_v obliedge_v to_o venture_v their_o life_n for_o he_o shall_v not_o likewise_o have_v the_o assistance_n as_o well_o as_o the_o protection_n of_o his_o law_n so_o that_o when_o the_o ordinary_a remedy_n of_o caption_n comprise_v and_o other_o fail_v these_o and_o other_o extraordinary_a remedy_n shall_v be_v allow_v until_o his_o majesty_n law_n be_v obey_v and_o the_o party_n so_o injure_v be_v full_o and_o final_o repair_v title_n vii_o of_o the_o exchequer_n jurisdiction_n in_o criminal_n the_o exchequer_n be_v only_o his_o majesty_n chamberlain_n and_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n in_o criminal_o and_o yet_o they_o fine_a and_o confiscate_v such_o as_o transgress_v pecunial_a statute_n or_o wrong_v his_o majesty_n rent_n quo_fw-la casu_fw-la they_o do_v in_o effect_n judge_v crime_n for_o it_o be_v a_o crime_n to_o abstract_n custom_n or_o cheat_v the_o public_a and_o without_o this_o jurisdiction_n they_o can_v not_o manage_v his_o majesty_n rent_n so_o that_o this_o be_v jurisdictio_fw-la emanate_n found_v upon_o that_o rule_n quando_fw-la aliquid_fw-la conceditur_fw-la omne_fw-la concessa_fw-la videntur_fw-la sine_fw-la quibus_fw-la hoc_fw-la explicari_fw-la nequit_fw-la but_o be_v seem_v de_fw-fr jure_fw-la they_o shall_v not_o even_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la cognosce_fw-la for_o by_o the_o 89._o act_n 1._o parl._n ja._n 6._o it_o be_v statute_n that_o such_o as_o commit_v fraud_n in_o transport_v forbid_a good_n shall_v be_v punish_v at_o justice_n air_n at_o least_o the_o justice_n also_o have_v power_n i_o remember_v that_o in_o july_n 1668._o the_o exchequre_n do_v fine_a a_o very_a intilligent_a person_n for_o fill_v up_o a_o blank_a signature_n subscribe_v by_o the_o king_n and_o ordain_v to_o be_v fill_v up_o by_o the_o exchequer_n which_o some_o think_v irregular_a for_o either_o he_o have_v commit_v a_o crime_n &_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la he_o shall_v have_v be_v remit_v to_o the_o justice_n or_o if_o he_o have_v commit_v none_o he_o can_v not_o have_v be_v fine_v and_o albeit_o the_o exchequer_n or_o any_o other_o court_n may_v fine_a or_o imprison_v such_o as_o injure_v their_o jurisdiction_n or_o may_v ordain_v damage_n and_o interest_n to_o be_v repay_v to_o the_o party_n injure_v in_o any_o thing_n before_o their_o court_n yet_o no_o person_n have_v here_o be_v prejudge_v and_o the_o injury_n have_v go_v no_o far_o then_o à _fw-la simplex_fw-la conatus_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o damnage_n and_o interest_n incur_v but_o it_o seem_v the_o exchequer_n be_v still_o judge_n in_o criminibus_fw-la repetundarum_fw-la &_o de_fw-la residuis_fw-la the_o
and_o thus_o a_o assithment_n modify_v by_o the_o justice_n be_v exorbitant_a the_o lord_n by_o way_n of_o suspension_n do_v lessen_v the_o sum_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o decision_n be_v because_o they_o find_v this_o case_n to_o be_v but_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o damnage_n and_o interest_n and_o not_o to_o concern_v corporal_a punishment_n the_o 16._o of_o december_n 1664._o inn_n contra_fw-la forbes_n vii_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1555._o such_o as_o kill_v or_o wound_n to_o the_o effusion_n of_o blood_n or_o any_o other_o way_n one_o another_o during_o the_o dependence_n of_o a_o criminal_a process_n which_o dependence_n be_v declare_v to_o continue_v from_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o summons_n till_o the_o complete_a execution_n of_o the_o decreet_a that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi commit_v the_o say_a crime_n shall_v for_o ever_o loss_n the_o cause_n and_o the_o defender_n be_v guilty_a be_v to_o be_v condemn_v in_o the_o plea._n the_o pursuer_fw-mi or_o defender_n be_v convict_v before_o any_o competent_a judge_n in_o criminal_o without_o any_o probation_n except_o summar_v cognition_n to_o be_v take_v by_o conviction_n or_o put_v the_o committer_n to_o the_o horn_n and_o denounce_v he_o fugitive_n by_o this_o act_n the_o committer_n loss_n his_o life-rent_a escheat_n immediate_o after_o denounciation_n without_o be_v year_n and_o day_n at_o the_o horn_n and_o give_v of_o counsel_n be_v art_n and_o part_n in_o this_o crime_n this_o act_n be_v to_o continue_v only_o for_o three_o year_n and_o be_v prorogat_n for_o seven_o year_n by_o the_o 138._o act_n parl._n 8._o ja._n 6._o and_o be_v thereafter_o make_v perpertual_a by_o the_o 219._o act_n 14._o parl._n ja._n 6._o i_o have_v oft_o see_v process_n intent_a upon_o this_o act_n before_o the_o lord_n but_o it_o be_v necessary_a albeit_o not_o observe_v that_o cognition_n be_v first_o take_v by_o the_o justice_n or_o other_o criminal_a and_o competent_a judge_n yet_o without_o this_o process_n be_v sustain_v by_o the_o lord_n in_o prima_fw-la instantià _fw-la but_o this_o defence_n be_v not_o there_o allege_v and_o process_n be_v sustain_v albeit_o no_o effusion_n of_o blood_n follow_v the_o 29._o of_o july_n 1662._o harper_n against_o hamiltoun_n where_o it_o be_v debate_v whether_o the_o lord_n may_v summary_o receive_v probation_n of_o it_o themselves_o or_o remit_v the_o trial_n to_o the_o justice_n for_o which_o doubt_n i_o think_v there_o be_v no_o great_a ground_n because_o by_o the_o act_n foresay_a the_o justice_n be_v only_a judge_n in_o prima_fw-la instantia_fw-la and_o yet_o in_o sleiche_n case_n 1673._o it_o be_v find_v that_o no_o previous_a trial_n before_o the_o justice_n be_v necessary_a the_o earl_n of_o niddisdale_n pursue_v the_o tenant_n of_o duncow_n february_n 1672._o they_o allege_v absolvitur_fw-la because_o the_o earl_n have_v beat_v some_o of_o they_o who_o be_v send_v to_o execute_v a_o summons_n at_o their_o instance_n against_o he_o at_o least_o he_o have_v give_v order_n to_o beat_v they_o or_o ratihabit_v the_o beat_n of_o they_o to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o 1._o the_o beat_v some_o of_o they_o can_v only_o find_v a_o exception_n to_o such_o as_o be_v beat_v and_o this_o the_o lord_n find_v relevant_a though_o the_o summons_n execute_v be_v for_o a_o common_a cause_n and_o so_o in_o effect_n those_o who_o be_v beat_v represent_v all_o the_o pursuer_n 2._o it_o be_v allege_v that_o order_n to_o beat_v they_o be_v only_o probable_a scripto_fw-la vel_fw-la juramento_fw-la for_o though_o a_o crime_n ordinary_o in_o a_o criminal_a court_n be_v probable_a pro_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la yet_o here_o quo_fw-la ad_fw-la civilem_fw-la effectum_fw-la it_o can_v not_o be_v so_o prove_v for_o else_o a_o nobleman_n whole_a and_o ancient_a heritage_n may_v ofttimes_o be_v take_v away_o by_o witness_n since_o process_n depend_v may_v extend_v to_o a_o nobleman_n whole_a estate_n 3._o it_o be_v allege_v that_o ratihabition_n or_o any_o deed_n ex_fw-la post_fw-la facto_fw-la do_v not_o infer_v the_o contravention_n of_o this_o act_n which_o require_v explicit_a deed_n as_o beat_v bleed_a etc._n etc._n the_o lord_n before_o answer_v to_o these_o two_o last_o alledgiance_n ordain_v witness_n to_o be_v lead_v before_o answer_v for_o clear_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o act_n and_o violence_n commit_v against_o they_o but_o in_o this_o case_n as_o in_o all_o other_o if_o the_o one_o party_n beat_v the_o other_o be_v force_v thereto_o by_o self-defence_n the_o striker_n will_v not_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la fall_v under_o the_o certification_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o be_v find_v the_o last_o of_o january_n 1673._o john_n sliech_n against_o swintoun_n in_o which_o case_n the_o lord_n also_o find_v that_o the_o certification_n of_o this_o act_n do_v reach_v such_o as_o wound_v one_o another_o during_o the_o dependence_n of_o a_o pursuit_n before_o a_o inferior_a court_n though_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o this_o respect_n be_v only_o due_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n and_o that_o the_o act_n shall_v only_o reach_v such_o as_o pursue_v action_n before_o they_o for_o to_o lose_v the_o whole_a pley_n be_v too_o great_a a_o punishment_n for_o a_o incident_a riot_n before_o a_o inferior_a court_n i_o find_v likewise_o that_o one_o weir_n have_v be_v pursue_v for_o slaughter_n the_o 15._o of_o june_n 1591._o he_o allege_v he_o be_v absolve_v by_o a_o rolment_n of_o court_n at_o aberdene_n to_o which_o it_o be_v reply_v that_o the_o king_n have_v give_v a_o warrant_n for_o a_o further_a trial_n which_o reply_n found_v upon_o his_o majesty_n warrant_n be_v repel_v as_o contrary_a to_o law_n and_o because_o it_o be_v but_o a_o private_a rescript_n not_o subscribe_v by_o the_o chancellor_n nor_o past_a council_n and_o in_o respect_n the_o lord_n of_o session_n have_v give_v a_o warrant_n to_o proceed_v notwithstanding_o of_o the_o king_n private_a warrant_n it_o be_v also_o observable_a though_o i_o think_v it_o irregular_a that_o ludwharn_n have_v raise_v in_o anno_fw-la 1596._o a_o pursuit_n against_o momat_n and_o other_o for_o take_v he_o out_o of_o his_o house_n without_o a_o lawful_a warrant_n give_v in_o a_o bill_n to_o the_o lord_n complain_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o lennox_n as_o leiutennent_n of_o the_o north_n intend_v to_o repledge_a whereas_o that_o jurisdiction_n be_v only_o cumulative_a with_o the_o power_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o that_o he_o have_v a_o letter_n from_o his_o majesty_n ordain_v the_o justice_n to_o proceed_v wherefore_o he_o crave_v that_o the_o justice_n may_v be_v command_v to_o proceed_v which_o petition_n be_v grant_v viii_o albeit_o regulariter_fw-la the_o parliament_n or_o council_n grant_v warrant_n to_o advocat_n to_o appear_v for_o such_o as_o be_v panel_v before_o the_o justice_n yet_o i_o find_v that_o the_o lord_n grant_v a_o warrant_n in_o balmerinochs_n case_n to_o advocat_n to_o compear_v for_o he_o and_o see_v advocat_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o lord_n it_o be_v most_o reasonable_a that_o the_o application_n be_v make_v to_o they_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n likewise_o i_o find_v that_o when_o any_o of_o the_o lord_n be_v appoint_v assessor_n in_o criminal_a case_n by_o the_o council_n that_o they_o must_v have_v a_o warrant_v also_o from_o the_o lord_n for_o sit_v there_o as_o in_o tosh_n case_n 1637._o title_n ix_o the_o admiral_n jurisdiction_n in_o criminal_n 1._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n extend_v to_o all_o crime_n commit_v within_o flood-mark_a 2._o our_o admiral_n have_v execute_v pirate_n 3._o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o such_o as_o apprehend_v pirate_n to_o execute_v they_o by_o their_o own_o authority_n in_o the_o ocean_n or_o when_o judge_n refuse_v 4._o any_o nation_n may_v judge_v pirate_n 5._o whether_o the_o justice_n have_v a_o cumulative_a jurisdiction_n with_o the_o admiral_n 1._o the_o lord_n high_a aâ—miral_n and_o his_o depute_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n judge_n competent_a to_o the_o trial_n of_o all_o crime_n commit_v at_o sea_n and_o by_o a_o unprint_v statute_n with_o we_o the_o admiral_n be_v competent_a in_o all_o controversy_n action_n and_o quarrel_n concern_v crime_n fault_n and_o trespass_n upon_o sea_n or_o so_o far_o as_o the_o same_o flow_v or_o ebb_n vid._n ship-law_n correct_v by_o balfour_n do_fw-mi admiral_n etc._n etc._n cap._n 2._o our_o learned_a countryman_n king_n in_o his_o treatise_n which_o i_o have_v say_v admirans_fw-la habet_fw-la merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la mixium_fw-la &_o jurisdictionem_fw-la simplicem_fw-la potest_fw-la enim_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la jus_o dicere_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la jurisdictionis_fw-la simplicis_fw-la exequi_fw-la imperare_fw-la judices_fw-la dane_n coercere_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la meri_fw-la imperii_fw-la sed_fw-la est_fw-la in_o facineroso_n animadvertere_fw-la quod_fw-la est_fw-la meri_fw-la imperii_fw-la de_fw-la omnibus_fw-la igitur_fw-la contraversiis_fw-la marinis_fw-la cognoscere_fw-la
inflict_v of_o such_o punishment_n be_v only_o proper_a to_o kirk_n session_n the_o 15._o of_o february_n 1669._o but_o though_o they_o be_v the_o only_a judge_n competent_a to_o verbal_a injury_n where_o they_o be_v scandal_n yet_o in_o verbal_a injury_n do_v to_o person_n of_o quality_n which_o be_v call_v in_o law_n scandala_fw-la magnatum_fw-la the_o council_n sustain_v itself_o judge_v competent_a the_o king_n be_v as_o the_o author_n so_o the_o protector_n of_o all_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o peerage_n and_o in_o verbal_a injury_n likewise_o do_v to_o magistrate_n the_o council_n be_v also_o judge_n magistrate_n represent_v the_o king_n and_o be_v his_o instrument_n in_o the_o government_n when_o verbal_a injury_n be_v do_v by_o member_n of_o a_o court_n to_o one_o another_o that_o court_n be_v likewise_o judge_v competent_a all_o court_n how_o inferior_a soever_o have_v a_o innat_fw-la power_n to_o chastise_v its_o own_o member_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o esteem_n due_a to_o itself_o and_o therefore_o if_o any_o stranger_n who_o have_v a_o process_n depend_v before_o any_o other_o court_n as_o the_o session_n sheriff_n etc._n etc._n do_v abuse_v contumelious_o any_o three_o party_n though_o no_o member_n yet_o these_o respective_a court_n may_v punish_v the_o same_o if_o the_o injury_n be_v do_v in_o face_n of_o judgement_n and_o if_o it_o be_v do_v to_o any_o inferior_a judge_n extrajudicial_o that_o judge_n if_o he_o be_v in_o the_o actual_a exercise_n of_o his_o office_n he_o may_v likewise_o punish_v the_o same_o except_o the_o offender_n be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o judge_n extrajudicial_o injure_v must_v complain_v to_o the_o lord_n but_o can_v imprison_v they_o summary_o because_o if_o this_o be_v allow_v these_o member_n may_v be_v abstract_v from_o serve_v the_o liedge_n as_o a_o advocate_n when_o he_o be_v to_o plead_v a_o cause_n or_o a_o clerk_n when_o he_o be_v to_o give_v out_o a_o decreet_a and_o this_o last_o have_v be_v frequent_o so_o decide_v though_o verbal_a injury_n amount_v to_o scandal_n be_v only_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o commissar_n yet_o where_o they_o have_v nothing_o in_o they_o of_o scandal_n but_o be_v rather_o reflection_n upon_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o party_n injure_v as_o to_o call_v a_o gentleman_n a_o puppy_n or_o a_o ass_n it_o may_v be_v the_o privy_a council_n and_o not_o the_o commissar_n be_v judge_n competent_a the_o commissar_n be_v also_o judge_n competent_a to_o adultery_n in_o so_o far_o as_o concern_v divorce_n vid._n tit_n adulterii_fw-la iii_o how_o far_o the_o commissar_n and_o inferior_a judge_n be_v judge_n competent_a to_o the_o improve_n of_o writ_n and_o declare_v they_o false_a have_v be_v various_o decide_v but_o they_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o conclusion_n 1._o no_o inferior_a judge_n be_v competent_a to_o try_v the_o falsehood_n of_o writ_n by_o the_o indirect_a manner_n of_o improbation_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o presumption_n for_o that_o way_n of_o trial_n be_v in_o effect_n nobilis_fw-la officii_fw-la be_v only_o competent_a to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n 2._o commissar_n and_o other_o inferior_a judge_n be_v only_o competent_a to_o improbation_n even_o where_o the_o direct_a manner_n be_v extant_a if_o improbation_n be_v propon_v by_o way_n of_o exception_n or_o reply_n for_o then_o the_o trial_n of_o falsehood_n fall_v in_o necessary_o as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o process_n and_o without_o this_o be_v allow_v to_o these_o inferior_a judge_n they_o can_v proceed_v in_o no_o case_n for_o if_o a_o pursuit_n be_v intent_a before_o they_o upon_o a_o bond_n they_o behove_v to_o sist_z if_o the_o bond_n be_v allege_v to_o be_v false_a or_o to_o stop_v if_o the_o defender_n shall_v offer_v to_o improve_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o summons_n but_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o competent_a by_o way_n of_o action_n even_o where_o the_o direct_a manner_n be_v extant_a as_o be_v decide_v the_o last_o of_o november_n 1630._o williamson_n contra_fw-la cushney_n 3._o if_o the_o commissar_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n pronounce_v once_o a_o decreet_a he_o can_v thereafter_o reduce_v his_o own_o decreet_a as_o have_v proceed_v upon_o false_a execution_n though_o the_o execution_n be_v give_v by_o his_o own_o officer_n since_o they_o be_v only_a judge_n competent_a to_o such_o forgery_n incidenter_n but_o after_o sentence_n they_o be_v functi_fw-la as_o be_v find_v the_o 29._o of_o january_n 1677._o cowan_n contra_fw-la the_o commissar_n of_o glasgows_n phiscal_n and_o according_a to_o these_o conclusion_n the_o late_a instruction_n give_v to_o the_o commissar_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v title_n xi_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o regality_n in_o criminal_n 1._o the_o origine_fw-la of_o regality_n 2._o they_o be_v account_v inferior_a judicatur_n 3._o why_o the_o heritor_n of_o a_o regality_n be_v call_v a_o lord_n of_o regality_n 4._o whether_o his_o majesty_n may_v erect_v regality_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o heritable_a jurisdiction_n 5._o they_o can_v repledge_v in_o case_n of_o treason_n nor_o from_o justice_n air_n 6._o the_o difference_n betwixt_o ecclesiastic_a and_o laic_a regality_n and_o from_o who_o they_o may_v repledge_a 7._o the_o form_n of_o a_o repledgiation_n 8._o regalities_n must_v have_v a_o burgh_n of_o regality_n and_o to_o what_o that_o burgh_n be_v tie_v 9_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o lord_n of_o regalities_n power_n i._o by_o the_o feudal_n law_n to_o which_o regality_n owe_v their_o origine_fw-la alia_fw-la erant_fw-la regalia_z alia_fw-la erant_fw-la feuda_fw-la regalem_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la habentia_fw-la which_o be_v the_o same_o difference_n in_o our_o law_n betwixt_o regalia_z and_o regality_n regalia_z be_v such_o privilege_n as_o immediate_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o do_v not_o original_o belong_v to_o nor_o can_v be_v communicate_v by_o any_o else_o such_o as_o to_o coin_v money_n to_o open_a mine_n of_o silver_n gold_n etc._n etc._n but_o regality_n be_v fews_n which_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o king_n to_o a_o subject_a they_o have_v as_o large_a a_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o sheriff_n have_v in_o civil_n or_o the_o justice_n in_o criminal_o the_o habilis_fw-la modus_fw-la of_o grant_v which_o right_n be_v by_o signator_n whereupon_o a_o charter_n follow_v which_o pass_v the_o great_a seal_n ii_o regality_n be_v account_v inferior_a judicatur_n cap_n 76._o quon_n attach_v by_o which_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o no_o inferior_a judge_n shall_v judge_v the_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o regality_n be_v express_o number_v among_o inferior_a court_n act_n 173._o parl._n 13._o k._n ja._n 6._o by_o which_o it_o be_v likewise_o statute_n that_o he_o who_o strike_v any_o person_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n shall_v incur_v the_o pain_n of_o death_n but_o he_o who_o strike_v any_o before_o the_o sheriff_n lord_n of_o regality_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n shall_v only_o pay_v a_o hundred_o pound_n but_o though_o they_o be_v account_v inferior_a judge_n when_o compare_v with_o the_o justice_n or_o commissioner_n of_o justiciary_a yet_o they_o have_v great_a power_n in_o the_o way_n of_o their_o procedor_fw-la and_o in_o the_o proportion_v of_o their_o fine_n than_o sheriff_n or_o other_o inferior_a judge_n have_v for_o they_o may_v fine_v in_o a_o hundred_o pound_n though_o sheriff_n and_o other_o can_v as_o be_v find_v the_o 30_o of_o january_n 1663._o stewart_n against_o bogle_n and_o general_o they_o have_v the_o same_o power_n and_o the_o same_o allowance_n with_o the_o justice_n except_o when_o a_o express_a law_n make_v a_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o the_o 43._o act_n 11._o parl._n k._n ja._n 2._o appoint_v that_o no_o regality_n shall_v be_v grant_v without_o deliverance_n of_o parliament_n which_o nullity_n of_o old_a can_v not_o have_v be_v receive_v ope_v exceptionis_fw-la if_o it_o be_v clad_v with_o possession_n have_v 1610._o and_o they_o be_v still_o subject_a to_o revocation_n by_o the_o king_n if_o they_o be_v otherwise_o grant_v as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o revocation_n 1633._o and_o all_o precede_a iii_o he_o in_o who_o favour_n the_o regality_n be_v grant_v be_v still_o call_v the_o lord_n of_o regality_n though_o he_o be_v otherwise_o but_o a_o baron_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v because_o by_o the_o feudal_n law_n tria_fw-la erant_fw-la tantum_fw-la feuda_fw-la regalem_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la habentia_fw-la &_o quibus_fw-la inerat_fw-la jurisdictio_fw-la regalis_fw-la viz_o ducatus_fw-la marchionatus_fw-la &_o comitatus_fw-la and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n it_o be_v that_o no_o land_n can_v be_v comprehend_v under_o this_o jurisdiction_n by_o our_o law_n but_o such_o as_o belong_v to_o he_o in_o who_o favour_n that_o jurisdiction_n be_v grant_v either_o in_o property_n or_o superiority_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v find_v that_o his_o majesty_n palace_n though_o situate_v in_o burgh_n of_o
regality_n be_v in_o law_n no_o part_n of_o the_o regality_n but_o off_o the_o royalty_n and_o that_o such_o as_o live_v in_o these_o palace_n can_v not_o be_v cite_v at_o the_o head_n burgh_n of_o the_o regality_n but_o at_o the_o head_n burgh_n of_o the_o shire_n the_o 11._o of_o january_n 1662._o l._n carnegie_n against_o the_o lord_n cranburn_n iv._o whether_o his_o majesty_n may_v erect_v regality_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o heritable_a sheriff-ship_n be_v controvert_v with_o we_o and_o if_o he_o may_v certain_o he_o may_v thereby_o evacuat_v the_o office_n of_o sheriff-ship_n though_o buy_v with_o real_a money_n which_o be_v hard_a and_o yet_o the_o exchequer_n past_o a_o signator_n of_o drumlanrig_n albeit_o niddisdale_n within_o the_o bound_n of_o which_o sheriff-ship_n it_o be_v erect_v be_v a_o heritable_a sheriff-ship_n and_o the_o like_a decision_n be_v relate_v by_o hop_v m._n h._n t._n and_o the_o reason_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o his_o majesty_n by_o grant_v a_o heritable_a sheriff-ship_n alter_v not_o its_o nature_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o sheriff-ship_n be_v that_o his_o majesty_n be_v not_o thereby_o divest_v of_o jurisdiction_n and_o the_o sheriff_n appoint_v be_v but_o his_o majesty_n deput_n his_o creation_n can_v hinder_v his_o majesty_n to_o erect_v a_o new_a jurisdiction_n within_o its_o bound_n as_o he_o may_v erect_v a_o burgh-royal_a therein_o or_o a_o justiciary_a etc._n etc._n when_o land_n be_v dispon_v in_o conjunctsee_n the_o heritor_n retain_v still_o the_o office_n of_o regality_n hop_v hoc_fw-la do_fw-mi v._o albeit_o it_o be_v regular_o true_a that_o lord_n of_o regality_n have_v the_o same_o jurisdiction_n with_o his_o majesty_n justice_n yet_o this_o rule_n suffer_v two_o exception_n 1._o in_o the_o case_n of_o treason_n to_o which_o the_o justice_n be_v only_a judge_n competent_a and_o that_o not_o only_a where_o the_o treason_n libel_v amount_v to_o the_o crime_n of_o perduellion_n but_o even_o in_o statutory_a treason_n such_o as_o fire_n of_o coal-heughs_a theft_n in_o land_a man_n etc._n etc._n and_o some_o lawyer_n be_v likewise_o of_o opinion_n that_o these_o crime_n which_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v the_o four_o point_n of_o the_o crown_n viz._n robbery_n murder_n fire-raising_a and_o ravish_v of_o woman_n shall_v not_o be_v liable_a to_o their_o jurisdiction_n which_o opinion_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o 2._o cap._n leg_n malcolm_n 2._o by_o which_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o all_o robber_n force_n of_o woman_n murderers_z of_o man_n and_o burner_n of_o house_n shall_v answer_v before_o the_o king_n justiciar_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v pley_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o by_o the_o 14._o cap._n stat._n alex._n 2._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o in_o all_o the_o court_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o the_o lord_n whatsoever_o these_o four_o pley_n shall_v be_v reserve_v from_o their_o court_n to_o the_o king_n own_o court_n because_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o 76._o cap._n quon_n attach_v likeas_n skeen_n de_fw-fr verb._n signif_n upon_o the_o word_n placitum_fw-la be_v clear_a that_o these_o four_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n belong_v only_o to_o the_o crown_n jurisdiction_n or_o justice-general_a in_o the_o same_o manner_n with_o treason_n he_o there_o likewise_o observe_v that_o they_o be_v call_v placita_fw-la from_o the_o french_a word_n placitare_fw-la which_o signify_v litigare_fw-la as_o mollineus_fw-la observe_v sup._n cur_n parl._n parti_fw-la primo_fw-la cap._n sexto_fw-la and_o yet_o de_fw-la facto_fw-la lord_n of_o regality_n do_v ordinary_o judge_v upon_o these_o crime_n without_o any_o commission_n and_o i_o find_v that_o the_o 22._o of_o july_n brown_n be_v assoilzy_v from_o a_o pursuit_n of_o fire-raising_a because_o he_o have_v be_v former_o pursue_v before_o the_o marquis_n of_o hamiltoun_n and_o assoilzy_v action_n of_o deforcement_n also_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v intent_a before_o the_o justice_n can_v be_v repledged_a for_o the_o king_n messenger_n be_v then_o deforce_v it_o be_v not_o fit_a that_o his_o majesty_n shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o seek_v justice_n from_o inferior_a judge_n where_o his_o officer_n of_o state_n can_v attend_v to_o pursue_v and_o cap._n 27._o l._n 4._o reg._n maj._n it_o be_v say_v that_o ad_fw-la solam_fw-la curiam_fw-la regis_fw-la pertinet_fw-la placitum_fw-la de_fw-la namo_fw-la vetito_fw-la and_o this_o the_o justice_n sustain_v the_o 23._o of_o november_n 1675._o in_o the_o case_n of_o william_n crighton_n though_o the_o debate_n be_v not_o allow_v to_o be_v book_v the_o 2._o exception_n be_v that_o no_o bailie_n of_o regality_n can_v repledge_v from_o justice_n air_n act_n 29._o parl._n 11._o ja._n 6._o which_o be_v likewise_o statute_n former_o by_o the_o 26._o act_n ja._n 2._o parl._n 6._o but_o in_o this_o case_n the_o bailie_n of_o regality_n may_v sit_v with_o the_o justice-general_a yet_o see_v the_o foresaid_a act_n of_o the_o 11._o parl._n king_n ja._n 6_o allow_v only_a no_o repledgiation_n to_o be_v from_o justice_n air_n hold_v by_o the_o justice-general_a it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o when_o justice_n air_n be_v hold_v by_o the_o justice_n depute_v or_o other_o by_o virtue_n of_o particular_a commission_n there_o may_v not_o be_v repledgiation_n allow_v in_o that_o case_n but_o i_o think_v there_o can_v see_v the_o act_n of_o parl._n ja._n 2._o be_v general_a and_o skeen_n remark_n this_o as_o a_o privilege_n of_o the_o justice_n air_n qua_fw-la talis_fw-la vi_o regality_n be_v divide_v with_o we_o in_o ecclesiastic_a and_o laic_a ecclesiastic_a regality_n be_v such_o as_o be_v erect_v in_o favour_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n etc._n etc._n and_o there_o be_v but_o very_o few_o abbacy_n in_o scotland_n which_o be_v not_o erect_v in_o regality_n and_o when_o these_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o foresay_a 29._o act_n parl._n 11._o k._n ja._n 6._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o bailie_n or_o stewart_n of_o the_o regality_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o power_n he_o have_v before_o to_o repledge_a from_o the_o sheriff_n or_o justice-general_a in_o case_n he_o have_v prevent_v the_o justice-general_a by_o apprehend_v or_o cite_v the_o person_n before_o he_o be_v apprehend_v or_o cite_v by_o the_o justice_n but_o if_o the_o justice_n have_v prevent_v as_o say_v be_v than_o the_o bailie_n or_o stewart_n of_o the_o regality_n shall_v not_o have_v power_n to_o repledge_a but_o he_o may_v sit_v with_o the_o justice-general_a if_o he_o please_v so_o that_o in_o effect_n by_o this_o act_n there_o be_v difference_n betwixt_o ecclesiastic_a and_o laic_a regality_n that_o in_o laic_a regality_n there_o be_v a_o right_n of_o repledge_v still_o as_o say_v be_v whereas_o ecclesiastic_a regality_n have_v not_o this_o privilege_n except_o they_o preveen_v the_o justice_n but_o otherwise_o the_o bailie_n of_o regality_n may_v only_o sit_v with_o they_o which_o difference_n seem_v to_o â—e_v acknowledge_v in_o the_o debate_n at_o his_o majesty_n advocat_n instance_n against_o several_a forestallers_a upon_o the_o 26._o of_o june_n 1596._o and_o thus_o mr._n john_n prestoun_n then_o depute_v to_o the_o regality_n of_o musselburgh_n be_v not_o allow_v to_o repledge_a but_o to_o sit_v with_o the_o justice_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o some_o witch_n upon_o the_o 29._o of_o july_n 1661._o the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n be_v that_o the_o regality_n have_v be_v only_o grant_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o religious_a house_n which_o be_v suppress_v the_o regality_n become_v extinguish_v with_o they_o and_o his_o majesty_n have_v ex_fw-la gratia_fw-la only_o renew_v their_o office_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o erection_n he_o think_v that_o they_o be_v abundant_o gratify_v by_o this_o new_a concession_n without_o allow_v they_o the_o power_n to_o exclude_v his_o own_o justice_n in_o case_n of_o prevention_n and_o this_o be_v also_o a_o favour_n to_o the_o liedge_n in_o not_o trouble_v they_o with_o two_o court_n nor_o be_v the_o lord_n of_o regality_n much_o prejudge_v for_o by_o this_o same_o act_n they_o retain_v the_o whole_a right_n to_o the_o escheat_n and_o fine_n even_o of_o these_o who_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o therefore_o the_o lord_n find_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n have_v right_a to_o the_o escheat_n of_o such_o as_o be_v condemn_v by_o the_o justice_n or_o justice_n of_o peace_n the_o 22._o of_o july_n 1664._o elizabeth_n sutherland_n contra_fw-la conradge_n so_o that_o this_o hold_v not_o only_a where_o the_o justice_n sit_v with_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n but_o likewise_o where_o the_o justice_n condemn_v without_o the_o other_o concourse_n and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o since_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n serve_v not_o in_o that_o case_n he_o ought_v not_o to_o get_v these_o casualty_n which_o be_v the_o reward_n due_a to_o these_o who_o do_v justice_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o regality_n have_v himself_o only_o to_o
therefore_o act_n 89._o par._n 6._o ja._n 1._o ratify_v act_n 28.3_o par._n k._n ja._n 4._o with_o this_o addition_n that_o if_o any_o heritable_a sheriff_n omit_v his_o duty_n in_o prosecute_n of_o this_o crime_n after_o this_o manner_n he_o shall_v lose_v his_o heritable_a office_n for_o three_o year_n but_o if_o he_o have_v only_o that_o office_n for_o the_o time_n he_o shall_v lose_v it_o during_o all_o that_o time_n from_o which_o act_n it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o only_o judge_v competent_a to_o slaughter_n but_o to_o murder_v and_o both_o to_o the_o one_o and_o to_o the_o other_o at_o any_o time_n if_o he_o have_v either_o apprehend_v the_o person_n or_o have_v ex_fw-la in_o continenti_fw-la do_v diligence_n for_o apprehend_v he_o but_o the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o judge_n competent_a to_o murder_v though_o commit_v within_o his_o jurisdiction_n except_o in_o either_o of_o these_o case_n iv._o the_o way_n of_o procedure_v before_o the_o sheriff_n be_v by_o a_o assize_n and_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v pursuer_fw-mi in_o place_n of_o his_o majesty_n advocate_n yet_o sometime_o the_o sheriff_n or_o baron_n may_v condemn_v upon_o the_o panel_n confession_n without_o a_o assize_n as_o dur._n observe_v penult_n january_n 1622._o but_o if_o the_o party_n be_v present_a the_o sheriff_n can_v condemn_v he_o as_o hold_v pro_fw-la confesso_fw-la though_o he_o refuse_v to_o depon_n but_o co_fw-la casu_fw-la he_o must_v put_v he_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o assize_n as_o be_v find_v 24._o july_n 1633._o dickson_n contra_fw-la halyday_n and_o albeit_o a_o blood_n prove_v by_o confession_n may_v be_v punish_v by_o a_o unlaw_n of_o fifty_o pound_n yet_o when_o blood_n be_v punish_v upon_o contumacious_a refusal_n to_o swear_v the_o unlaw_n can_v exceed_v ten_o pound_n 17._o february_n 1624._o v._o the_o sheriff_n may_v pursue_v when_o any_o person_n compear_v and_o insist_o with_o he_o in_o the_o pursuit_n but_o if_o the_o crime_n be_v pursue_v by_o way_n of_o indictment_n without_o the_o concurrence_n of_o any_o party_n the_o justice_n general_n be_v only_a judge_n competent_a thereto_o skeen_n verbo_fw-la sheriff_n but_o that_o rule_n be_v too_o general_a and_o may_v admit_v of_o this_o distinction_n viz._n that_o either_o the_o thief_n be_v take_v with_o fang_n and_o then_o the_o sheriff_n may_v proceed_v to_o judge_v he_o though_o no_o private_a pursuer_fw-mi insist_v against_o he_o nor_o need_v there_o three_o fang_n for_o justify_v that_o pursuit_n albeit_o sheriff_n now_o never_o proceed_v but_o where_o three_o fang_n be_v prove_v or_o else_o no_o fang_n be_v find_v &_o eo_fw-la casu_fw-la the_o sheriff_n can_v judge_v the_o thief_n except_o there_o be_v a_o pursuit_n intend_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o private_a party_n vi_o the_o sheriff_n shall_v assist_v in_o all_o justice_n air_n hold_v by_o the_o justice_n general_n or_o the_o chamberlain_n and_o shall_v produce_v the_o verification_n of_o all_o the_o summons_n which_o be_v make_v to_o the_o justice_n air_n and_o shall_v make_v provision_n at_o the_o justice_n air_n and_o his_o clerk_n which_o shall_v be_v allow_v in_o the_o first_o end_n of_o his_o account_n to_o the_o exchequer_n and_o he_o shall_v arrest_v such_o person_n as_o the_o crowner_n can_v arrest_v and_o shall_v those_o a_o assize_n upon_o the_o last_o day_n of_o the_o justice_n air_n anent_o the_o execution_n of_o his_o office_n ja._n 3._o parl._n 14._o cap._n 102._o and_o if_o he_o be_v find_v culpable_a the_o justice_n general_n may_v remove_v he_o from_o his_o office_n till_o the_o next_o parliament_n and_o put_v another_o in_o his_o place_n to_o officiat_fw-la in_o the_o interim_n st._n rob._n bruce_n ex_fw-la lib._n sconen_n relate_v by_o skeen_n ibid._n but_o much_o of_o this_o be_v antiquate_v by_o custom_n for_o the_o thesaurer_n send_v along_o with_o the_o justice_n air_n a_o person_n special_o commissionated_a by_o they_o who_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o justice_n clerk_n vii_o if_o the_o sheriff_n fail_v in_o his_o duty_n he_o be_v punish_v of_o old_a by_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o office_n during_o his_o life_n and_o imprisonment_n during_o his_o majesty_n pleasure_n st._n david_n cap._n 13._o &_o 69._o but_o now_o for_o negligence_n in_o his_o office_n he_o tine_v the_o same_o for_o year_n and_o day_n and_o be_v punishable_a in_o his_o person_n and_o good_n at_o his_o majesty_n pleasure_n ja._n 2._o par._n 14._o cap._n 37._o and_o yet_o the_o lord_n yester_n have_v suffer_v two_o thief_n negligent_o to_o escape_v and_o his_o heritable_a office_n of_o sheriffship_n be_v upon_o that_o account_n take_v from_o he_o by_o king_n james_n the_o five_o that_o decreet_a be_v reduce_v for_o it_o be_v find_v too_o small_a to_o infer_v the_o loss_n of_o a_o heritable_a office_n stat._n sessionis_fw-la pag._n 34._o which_o be_v observe_v by_o hop_v likewise_o in_o his_o large_a practic_n if_o the_o sheriff_n absolute_o refuse_v to_o do_v justice_n he_o lose_v likewise_o his_o office_n and_o be_v punishable_a at_o his_o majesty_n pleasure_n but_o if_o he_o do_v injustice_n he_o lose_v his_o office_n if_o it_o be_v heritable_a for_o three_o year_n but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o heritable_a he_o lose_v it_o during_o the_o time_n he_o be_v to_o enjoy_v it_o former_o and_o in_o both_o case_n he_o be_v punishable_a arbitrary_a in_o his_o person_n and_o be_v obliedge_v to_o refound_v the_o damnage_n and_o interest_n sustain_v by_o the_o party_n laese_v k._n i._n 3._o p._n 5._o cap._n 26._o but_o if_o he_o bribe_v or_o give_v partial_a counsel_n he_o forefault_n his_o fame_n honour_n and_o dignity_n and_o be_v likewise_o punishable_a in_o his_o person_n and_o good_n k._n i._n 5._o par._n 7._o cap._n 104._o if_o the_o case_n be_v difficult_a the_o lord_n of_o session_n will_v sometimes_o advocate_n the_o cause_n from_o the_o sheriff_n to_o the_o justice_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o theft-boot_n pursue_v by_o connadge_n the_o sheriff_n deput_fw-la of_o invernesse_n against_o makintosh_n and_o sometime_o the_o council_n will_v discharge_v the_o sheriff_n to_o proceed_v without_o advocate_a the_o cause_n if_o they_o find_v either_o the_o case_n to_o be_v difficult_a or_o the_o sheriff_n and_o his_o depute_n to_o be_v suspect_v title_n xiii_o the_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n of_o baron_n 1._o in_o what_o case_n baron_n may_v judge_v 2._o the_o clerk_n of_o that_o court_n need_v not_o be_v a_o nottar_n 3._o whether_o he_o may_v punish_v theft_n or_o fire-raising_a i._o a_o baron_n in_o our_o law_n be_v general_o understand_v to_o be_v one_o who_o be_v infest_v in_o any_o land_n though_o not_o erect_v in_o a_o barony_n in_o which_o sense_n he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n but_o only_o that_o he_o can_v unlaw_n his_o own_o tennent_n for_o blood_n commit_v upon_o his_o own_o ground_n as_o be_v find_v the_o penult_n of_o january_n 1622._o johnstoun_n against_o the_o laird_n of_o west-nisbit_a but_o a_o baron_n proper_o be_v he_o who_o be_v infest_v with_o power_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n fossa_fw-la &_o furca_fw-la a_o barron_n judge_n crime_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o sheriff_n and_o may_v like_v he_o proceed_v in_o time_n of_o vacance_n to_o judge_v these_o crime_n to_o which_o he_o be_v otherwise_o competent_a but_o it_o have_v be_v controvert_v whether_o baron_n have_v be_v judge_n competent_a to_o process_n for_o penal_a statute_n since_o the_o penalty_n there_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o king_n fisk_n and_o so_o shall_v be_v judge_v in_o his_o own_o court_n but_o the_o lord_n find_v the_o 3._o of_o february_n 1674._o that_o they_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o penal_a statute_n by_o the_o constant_a custom_n of_o this_o nation_n albeit_o in_o civil_a case_n baron_n may_v appoint_v baily_n yet_o balfour_n cap._n 63._o observe_n that_o in_o criminalibus_fw-la no_o person_n below_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o baron_n may_v sit_v upon_o blood_n nam_fw-la potestas_fw-la gladii_fw-la est_fw-la meri_fw-la imperii_fw-la quae_fw-la nullo_n modo_fw-la delegari_fw-la potest_fw-la except_o there_o be_v a_o express_a power_n give_v by_o the_o sovereign_n for_o that_o effect_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o justice_n and_o sheriff_n who_o have_v power_n to_o deput_n and_o that_o power_n of_o deputation_n be_v unnecessar_n if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o competent_a ii_o the_o clerk_n of_o all_o other_o court_n must_v be_v notar_n but_o the_o clerk_n of_o a_o baron_n court_n need_v not_o be_v a_o nottar_n and_o yet_o the_o decreet_a of_o a_o baron_n for_o a_o unlaw_n will_v be_v sustain_v found_v upon_o a_o confession_n though_o the_o confession_n be_v not_o subscribe_v as_o be_v observe_v by_o durie_n the_o penult_n of_o january_n 1622._o but_o by_o a_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la it_o be_v ordain_v that_o no_o sentence_n of_o any_o inferior_a court_n
for_o above_o a_o hundred_o pound_n shall_v be_v sustain_v except_o it_o be_v otherwise_o warrant_v then_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o clerk_n albeit_o by_o the_o 75._o act_n parl._n 6._o k._n ja._n 5._o the_o baron_n precept_n for_o summons_n in_o that_o court_n be_v so_o call_v shall_v be_v execute_v as_o summons_n before_o the_o lord_n and_o copy_n shall_v be_v leave_v and_o they_o endorse_v upon_o yet_o the_o 11._o of_o july_n 1634._o hay_o against_o airth_n it_o be_v find_v that_o execution_n by_o a_o baron_n officer_n be_v valid_a though_o not_o give_v in_o writ_n and_o that_o the_o same_o be_v probable_a by_o witness_n iii_o a_o baron_n have_v power_n may_v judge_v of_o theft_n if_o the_o thief_n be_v take_v in_o the_o fang_n quon_n attach_v cap._n 100_o where_o it_o be_v statute_v that_o baro_fw-la qui_fw-la libertatem_fw-la habet_fw-la de_fw-la sock_n &_o sack_n towle_z &_o theme_n possunt_fw-la judicare_fw-la furem_fw-la sasitum_fw-la de_fw-la aliquo_fw-la furto_fw-la manifesto_fw-la sicut_fw-la haud_fw-la haebband_n &_o back_o beirand_a de_fw-fr praxi_fw-la baron_n do_v not_o punish_v slaughter_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v that_o they_o have_v power_n to_o do_v so_o because_o 1._o the_o power_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n will_v import_v the_o power_n of_o judge_a life_n and_o death_n 2._o by_o the_o 77._o cap._n quon_n attach_v omnes_fw-la barrones_n qui_fw-la habent_fw-la furcam_fw-la &_o fossam_fw-la de_fw-la latrocinio_fw-la de_fw-la hominis_fw-la occissione_n habeant_fw-la furcam_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la curiam_fw-la as_o the_o marginal_a note_n bear_v and_o by_o the_o 13._o cap._n leg._n mal._n 2._o it_o be_v statute_n that_o malefactor_n who_o hold_v of_o baron_n may_v be_v condemn_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o other_o malefactor_n be_v except_o in_o the_o four_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n in_o which_o baron_n have_v no_o power_n from_o which_o it_o may_v be_v very_o clear_o infer_v that_o quo_fw-la ad_fw-la other_o crime_n they_o have_v nam_fw-la exceptio_fw-la firmat_n regulam_fw-la in_o non_fw-la exceptis_fw-la 3._o by_o the_o 91._o act_n parl._n 1_o i._o 2._o it_o be_v statute_n if_o a_o man_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o barony_n if_o the_o baron_n be_v infest_v with_o such_o freedom_n he_o may_v proceed_v as_o the_o sheriff_n do_v and_o albeit_o hope_v in_o his_o large_a practic_n observe_n that_o these_o word_n of_o the_o act_n if_o he_o be_v infest_v with_o such_o freedom_n may_v receive_v various_a interpretation_n yet_o i_o see_v no_o interpretation_n they_o can_v proper_o receive_v except_o this_o that_o these_o word_n be_v mean_v if_o he_o have_v the_o jurisdiction_n proper_a and_o competent_a to_o a_o baron_n which_o be_v pit_n and_o gallow_n nam_fw-la verba_fw-la generabia_fw-la interpretanda_fw-la sunt_fw-la secundum_fw-la subjectam_fw-la materiam_fw-la albeit_o wilful_a fire-raising_a be_v one_o of_o the_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n yet_o a_o baron_n may_v cognosce_fw-la upon_o and_o punish_v the_o raiser_n of_o fire_n rash_o within_o husband_n town_n in_o the_o barony_n i._o 1._o parl._n 4._o cap._n 75._o the_o word_n of_o which_o statute_n be_v if_o fire_n happen_v within_o husband_n town_n of_o barony_n we_o leave_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o their_o lord_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o bailiff_n in_o town_n do_v within_o burgh_n in_o which_o act_n by_o the_o word_n lord_n be_v mean_v baron_n for_o they_o be_v in_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n call_v lord_n of_o their_o own_o land_n or_o barony_n a_o baron_n may_v unlaw_n for_o absence_n for_o ten_o pound_n but_o not_o above_o and_o for_o blood_n he_o may_v unlaw_n for_o fifty_o pound_n but_o not_o above_o vitle_n fourteen_o of_o justice_n of_o peace_n our_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v call_v irenarchae_fw-la which_o signify_v in_o the_o greek_a the_o keeper_n of_o the_o peace_n irenarchae_fw-la erant_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la provinciarum_fw-la tutelam_fw-la quietis_fw-la ac_fw-la pacis_fw-la per_fw-la singula_fw-la territoria_fw-la faciunt_fw-la stare_v concordiam_fw-la dicebantur_fw-la etiam_fw-la latrunculatores_fw-la sen_fw-la latronum_fw-la expulsores_fw-la their_o office_n be_v to_o apprehend_v rebel_n and_o thief_n who_o they_o can_v only_o examine_v and_o send_v to_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o province_n but_o can_v not_o judge_v they_o themselves_o their_o office_n be_v more_o full_o describe_v lib._n 10._o c._n tit_n 75._o but_o to_o speak_v proper_o latrunculatores_fw-la be_v our_o constable_n call_v by_o the_o greek_a lawyer_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d justice_n of_o peace_n and_o constable_n be_v once_o full_o settle_v among_o we_o by_o k._n i._n 6._o but_o their_o office_n have_v fall_v in_o desuetude_n it_o be_v revive_v by_o 38._o act_n 1._o parl._n 1_o sess._n k._n ch._n the_o 2._o by_o this_o act_n they_o be_v allow_v to_o meet_v four_o time_n in_o the_o year_n and_o to_o adjudge_v of_o servant_n fee_n and_o of_o mend_v the_o high_a way_n they_o have_v power_n to_o punish_v the_o cutter_n and_o destroyer_n of_o plant_v green_a wood_n slayer_n of_o red_a and_o black_a fish_n maker_n of_o moorburn_a keeper_n of_o crooves_n wilful_a beggar_n egyptian_n and_o their_o receptor_n drunkard_n prophaner_n of_o the_o sabbath_n as_o to_o all_o which_o his_o majesty_n promise_v to_o give_v they_o ample_a commission_n and_o to_o the_o end_n their_o power_n may_v not_o prejudge_v any_o other_o court_n former_o erect_v it_o be_v appoint_v by_o that_o act_n that_o fifteen_o day_n shall_v expire_v after_o the_o commit_n of_o the_o fact_n for_o which_o the_o committer_n be_v to_o be_v convene_v which_o interval_n be_v give_v to_o the_o judge_n competent_a to_o do_v diligence_n and_o if_o he_o omit_v the_o same_o during_o that_o time_n than_o the_o justice_n may_v judge_v the_o same_o and_o one_o justice_n have_v power_n to_o bind_v the_o party_n complain_v upon_o to_o the_o peace_n under_o such_o pecunial_a sum_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a and_o that_o either_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o complainer_n who_o shall_v give_v his_o oath_n that_o he_o dread_v harm_n or_o the_o justice_n himself_o may_v exact_v the_o sum_n though_o none_o complain_v and_o if_o any_o person_n be_v charge_v to_o make_v his_o appearance_n before_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n shall_v refuse_v it_o he_o be_v a_o land_a man_n who_o rent_n exceed_v a_o thousand_o mark_n or_o ten_o chalder_n of_o victual_n than_o he_o shall_v inform_v any_o of_o his_o majesty_n privy_a council_n or_o if_o he_o be_v a_o mean_a person_n he_o may_v cause_n bring_v he_o by_o force_n before_o himself_o if_o the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n condemn_v any_o person_n in_o blood-weit_a or_o any_o other_o pain_n but_o not_o proportional_o to_o the_o offence_n then_o the_o justice_n shall_v inform_v the_o privy_a council_n that_o they_o may_v take_v order_n therewith_o but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o satisfaction_n make_v by_o the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n to_o the_o party_n the_o justice_n may_v modify_v a_o reasonable_a satisfaction_n if_o the_o sheriff_n or_o bailiff_n do_v by_o collusion_n clear_v the_o delinquent_n of_o a_o assize_n the_o party_n once_o clear_v be_v not_o to_o be_v further_o question_v but_o the_o judge_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v declare_v judge_n competent_a to_o all_o riot_n and_o break_v of_o peace_n if_o the_o committeeâ—s_v be_v under_o the_o degree_n of_o nobleman_n prelate_n counsellor_n and_o senator_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n who_o may_v refer_v the_o summons_n to_o the_o party_n oath_n if_o he_o be_v personal_o summon_v and_o thereupon_o hold_v he_o as_o confess_v but_o if_o the_o summons_n be_v not_o personal_o execute_v than_o the_o defender_n be_v to_o be_v summon_v of_o new_a at_o his_o dwell_a house_n and_o these_o two_o citation_n at_o his_o dwell_a house_n shall_v be_v equivalent_a to_o one_o that_o be_v personal_a if_o the_o committer_n be_v above_o the_o foresay_a quality_n than_o the_o justice_n though_o they_o can_v judge_v they_o may_v for_o prevent_v of_o riot_n command_v they_o to_o find_v caution_n for_o keep_v of_o the_o peace_n and_o to_o compear_v before_o the_o privy_a council_n and_o though_o they_o compear_v not_o yet_o whatever_o breach_n they_o commit_v in_o the_o interim_n shall_v be_v repute_n as_o great_a a_o contravention_n as_o if_o they_o have_v find_v caution_n at_o the_o end_n of_o every_o quarter_n session_n the_o justice_n of_o peace_n be_v to_o send_v to_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o council_n a_o catalogue_n of_o all_o such_o person_n as_o they_o either_o have_v commit_v or_o have_v under_o surety_n with_o a_o short_a abreviat_fw-la of_o the_o cause_n thereof_o which_o be_v that_o which_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o former_a title_n call_v transmittere_fw-la cum_fw-la elogio_fw-la to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o council_n may_v determine_v betwixt_o and_o the_o quarter_n session_n what_o shall_v be_v do_v with_o they_o
title_n xv._n the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o of_o the_o several_a employment_n of_o the_o officer_n of_o that_o court._n 1._o who_o be_v judge_n to_o crime_n in_o greece_n and_o at_o rome_n 2._o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n with_o we_o 3._o the_o power_n of_o the_o justice-general_a and_o justice-deputs_a 4._o the_o office_n of_o justice-clerk_n 5._o what_o action_n be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o justice-court_n 6._o the_o macer_n and_o crowner_n of_o the_o justice-court_n i._o all_z nation_n have_v commit_v the_o cognition_n of_o crime_n to_o the_o wise_a of_o their_o judge_n because_o our_o life_n be_v our_o great_a concern_n and_o if_o the_o judge_n err_v there_o his_o error_n can_v seldom_o be_v repair_v the_o athenian_n have_v the_o areopage_n for_o their_o criminal_a court_n which_o be_v the_o most_o famous_a court_n then_o in_o the_o world_n of_o who_o the_o grecian_n use_v to_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o they_o judge_v homicide_n in_o a_o particular_a place_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o be_v very_o numerous_a and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d institute_v by_o solon_n for_o judge_a crime_n be_v likewise_o 50._o at_o rome_n praefectus_fw-la vrbis_fw-la judge_v all_o the_o crime_n that_o be_v commit_v within_o the_o town_n &_o intra_fw-la centesimum_fw-la lapidem_fw-la and_o the_o proconsul_n and_o precedent_n judge_v crime_n in_o the_o country_n but_o the_o praefectus_fw-la praetorio_fw-la praefectus_fw-la augustalis_fw-la comes_fw-la orientis_fw-la &_o vicarius_fw-la praefecti_fw-la praetorio_fw-la have_v also_o a_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n the_o justice_n court_n with_o we_o have_v for_o its_o member_n the_o justice-general_n the_o justice-clerk_n the_o justice-deputs_a the_o clerk-depute_a the_o dempster_n the_o officer_n and_o the_o macer_n ii_o the_o justice-general_n be_v constitute_v by_o a_o gift_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n either_o ad_fw-la vitam_fw-la or_o by_o a_o temporary_a commission_n but_o still_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n his_o salary_n of_o old_a be_v five_o pound_n for_o every_o day_n of_o the_o justice_n air_n leg_n malcol_n cap._n 2._o num_fw-la 3.1_o but_o now_o it_o be_v arbitrary_a and_o the_o ordinary_a salary_n by_o his_o gift_n be_v two_o hundred_o pound_n sterling_n to_o be_v uplift_v by_o himself_o out_o of_o the_o fine_n of_o court_n and_o if_o he_o can_v attain_v to_o payment_n that_o way_n out_o of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o justice-court_n of_o old_a be_v the_o only_a sovereign_a court_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o have_v then_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o jurisdiction_n which_o the_o session_n have_v now_o for_o they_o be_v judge_n to_o recognition_n brieve_v of_o mortancestrie_n dissasine_n purpresture_n and_o distriction_n for_o debt_n reg._n maj._n lib._n 1._o cap_n 5._o num_fw-la 2._o &_o lib._n 2._o cap._n 74._o quon_n att_o cap._n 52._o &_o 53._o lib._n 3._o cap._n 28._o and_o after_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o session_n they_o remain_v still_o judge_n to_o perambulation_n and_o brieve_v be_v direct_v in_o latin_a for_o trial_n thereof_o and_o the_o reason_n hereof_o seem_v to_o be_v because_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n observe_v ad_fw-la armacurritur_fw-la in_o sinibus_fw-la regundis_fw-la and_o the_o fit_a person_n for_o compese_v such_o tumult_n be_v the_o justice-general_a but_o now_o the_o sheriff_n and_o lord_n of_o session_n cognosce_fw-la such_o case_n and_o i_o have_v cause_v raise_v a_o advocation_n from_o the_o sheriff_n of_o tividale_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o some_o jedburgh_n man_n to_o the_o justice-general_a ex_fw-la hoc_fw-la capite_fw-la the_o lord_n will_v not_o sustain_v the_o advocation_n but_o remit_v the_o case_n back_o to_o the_o sheriff_n who_o they_o find_v also_o competent_a so_o that_o such_o brieu_v may_v yet_o be_v direct_v to_o the_o justice_n general_n though_o he_o have_v not_o a_o privative_a jurisdiction_n therein_o iii_o i_o find_v the_o justice-general_a call_v the_o chief_a justice_n in_o all_o the_o register_n annis_n 1637._o and_o 1638._o and_o the_o principal_a justiciar_n anno_fw-la 1503._o the_o justice-deputs_a be_v not_o limit_v to_o any_o definit_a number_n but_o usual_o they_o be_v two_o and_o have_v each_o a_o pension_n from_o his_o majesty_n when_o they_o be_v constitute_v by_o a_o gift_n from_o he_o which_o pass_v the_o privy_a seal_n only_o and_o these_o be_v still_o call_v his_o majesty_n justice-deputs_a and_o be_v not_o deputes_o to_o the_o justice-general_a for_o else_o they_o can_v not_o sit_v in_o judgement_n with_o he_o as_o they_o do_v and_o in_o effect_n they_o have_v a_o equal_a power_n and_o voice_n with_o he_o but_o when_o he_o make_v a_o deput_n he_o shall_v not_o sit_v with_o he_o nam_fw-la delegatus_fw-la non_fw-la simul_fw-la concurrit_fw-la and_o i_o find_v mr._n alexander_n colvil_n call_v in_o his_o gift_n general-justice-deput_a which_o be_v do_v to_o denotat_fw-la the_o universality_n of_o the_o jurisdiction_n and_o to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o justice_n in_o that_o part_n such_o as_o be_v these_o nobleman_n and_o other_o who_o have_v the_o power_n of_o justiciary_a over_o their_o own_o land_n and_o in_o binny_v case_n the_o lord_n have_v remit_v he_o to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o justice-general_a and_o his_o depute_n the_o justice-deputs_a declare_v that_o they_o accept_v only_o of_o the_o remit_v as_o meaning_n they_o be_v his_o majesty_n justice-deputs_a and_o when_o his_o majesty_n direct_v any_o letter_n to_o they_o he_o direct_v it_o to_o our_o trusty_a and_o well_o belove_a cousin_n and_o counsellor_n to_o our_o trusty_a and_o well_o belove_v our_o justice-general_a and_o justice-deputs_a of_o old_a i_o find_v there_o be_v eight_o justice-deputs_a the_o justice-deputs_a have_v former_o the_o privilege_n of_o be_v present_a at_o the_o council_n which_o be_v very_o fit_a because_o many_o criminal_a case_n come_v in_o before_o they_o and_o they_o retain_v still_o the_o privilege_n of_o be_v present_a at_o parliament_n they_o be_v call_v attornati_fw-la justiciarii_fw-la quon_n attach_v c._n 61._o &_o assis_fw-la r._n david_n c._n nullus_fw-la by_o the_o 1._o article_n of_o the_o regulation_n 3._o session_n 2._o par._n ch._n 2._o the_o office_n of_o justice-deputs_a be_v suppress_v and_o five_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v adjoin_v to_o the_o justice-general_a and_o justice-clerk_n four_o of_o the_o number_n be_v a_o quorum_fw-la except_o at_o justice_n court_n because_o then_o the_o justice_n be_v divide_v and_o two_o may_v be_v a_o quorum_fw-la their_o present_a habit_n be_v scarlet_a adorn_v with_o white_a and_o this_o i_o find_v the_o king_n of_o old_a have_v vestem_fw-la purpuream_fw-la sed_fw-la albi_fw-la habens_fw-la non_fw-la nihil_fw-la admixtam_fw-la perion_n de_fw-fr magistr_n rom._n pag._n 574._o iv._o the_o justice-clerk_n have_v his_o place_n from_o his_o majesty_n by_o a_o gift_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n with_o power_n to_o appoint_v depute_n for_o who_o he_o shall_v be_v answerable_a and_o be_v call_v in_o his_o gift_n clericus_fw-la nostrae_fw-la justiciariae_fw-la but_o whether_o the_o justice-clerk_n be_v a_o judge_n or_o a_o clerk_n only_o have_v be_v doubt_v and_o that_o he_o be_v a_o judge_n appear_v not_o only_o from_o our_o inviolable_a present_a custom_n wherein_o he_o sit_v and_o preside_v when_o the_o justice-general_a be_v not_o present_a and_o takes_z precedency_n from_o the_o other_o justice-deputs_a but_o likewise_o by_o the_o 87._o act_n 11._o parl._n i._n 6._o expense_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v modify_v to_o the_o party_n cleanse_v by_o the_o â—ustice_n justice-clerk_n and_o their_o depute_n sed_fw-la ita_fw-la est_fw-la that_o modification_n of_o expense_n be_v a_o judicial_a sentence_n at_o least_o be_v actus_fw-la jurisdictionis_fw-la &_o jurisdictio_fw-la tantum_fw-la explicaâ—i_fw-la potest_fw-la per_fw-la judicem_fw-la &_o non_fw-la peractuarium_fw-la vel_fw-la referendarium_fw-la as_o to_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o name_n of_o justice-clerk_n it_o be_v receive_v by_o tradition_n that_o because_o clerici_fw-la or_o churchman_n of_o old_a can_v not_o sit_v in_o criminal_a court_n see_v the_o law_n give_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o bloodless_a jurisdiction_n therefore_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o nominat_fw-la a_o clerk_n who_o may_v represent_v they_o who_o be_v therefore_o call_v non_fw-la clericus_fw-la justiciarii_fw-la the_o clerk_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n but_o justiciarius_fw-la clericus_fw-la yet_o this_o seem_v a_o groundless_a conjecture_n for_o in_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v churchman_n sit_v upon_o blood_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o deput_n &_o qui_fw-la facit_fw-la per_fw-la alium_fw-la facit_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la and_o what_o necessity_n be_v there_o for_o their_o have_v a_o interest_n in_o the_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n and_o to_o evidence_n that_o he_o be_v clerk_n of_o the_o court_n the_o clerk_n who_o officiat_n have_v his_o place_n by_o deputation_n from_o he_o and_o be_v call_v deput_n to_o my_o lord_n justice-clerk_n nor_o can_v he_o deput_fw-la clerk_n except_o he_o be_v principal_a clerk_n
but_o i_o believe_v this_o invasion_n have_v be_v make_v by_o the_o justice-clerk_n upon_o that_o court_n after_o he_o be_v create_v a_o officer_n of_o state_n but_o to_o solve_v this_o doubt_n my_o lord_n rentoun_n at_o his_o admission_n be_v find_v by_o act_n of_o the_o secret_a council_n to_o be_v a_o member_n and_o one_o of_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o justice_n court_n and_o to_o have_v a_o vote_n there_o the_o 10._o of_o december_n 1663._o and_o now_o he_o sit_v in_o the_o justice-general_n chair_n when_o he_o be_v absent_a the_o justice_n court_n have_v a_o seal_n which_o they_o append_v to_o public_a act_n and_o be_v keep_v by_o the_o justice-cleâ—k-deput_a this_o deput_n be_v admit_v by_o the_o justice_n clerk_n by_o way_n of_o commission_n give_v he_o power_n to_o be_v clerk_n to_o all_o couâ—ts_n hold_v by_o his_o majesty_n justice-general_a or_o deput_n or_o any_o have_v particular_a commission_n either_o at_o edinburgh_n or_o else_o where_o and_o therefore_o no_o justice_n court_n either_o in_o the_o border_n or_o elsewhere_o be_v lawful_a except_o it_o be_v serve_v either_o by_o the_o justice-clerk-deput_a or_o any_o have_a commission_n from_o he_o it_o seem_v that_o of_o old_a the_o writer_n to_o the_o signet_n do_v use_v to_o write_v criminal_a letter_n without_o receive_v caution_n but_o that_o be_v discharge_v by_o the_o 34._o act_n 4._o par._n ja._n 5._o and_o now_o though_o writer_n to_o the_o signet_n may_v subscribe_v the_o letter_n yet_o the_o justice-clerk-deput_a can_v only_o write_v the_o deliverance_n upon_o the_o bill_n and_o receive_v caution_n and_o therefore_o he_o write_v upon_o the_o bill_n soverty_n be_v find_v and_o subscribe_v the_o famine_n hâ—s_n receive_v caution_n be_v likewise_o warrant_v by_o the_o 78._o act_n 6._o parl._n ja._n 4._o v._o the_o justice_n be_v only_a judge_n competent_a to_o these_o crime_n which_o be_v call_v placita_fw-la coronae_fw-la the_o pley_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o be_v four_o with_o we_o wilful_a fire_n raise_v ravish_v of_o woman_n murder_n and_o robbery_n or_o reif_n l._n malcol_n 2._o cap._n 13._o and_o the_o cognition_n of_o these_o belong_v not_o to_o burgh_n leg_n burg_n c._n 6._o nor_o to_o no_o other_o inferior_a court_n quon_n attach_v c._n 76._o leguntur_fw-la st._n alex._n c._n 14._o faemina_fw-la efforciata_fw-la arsione_n rapina_fw-la &_o murdrum_fw-la molineus_n in_o stil._n cur_n paris_n part_n 1._o c._n 13._o observe_n that_o in_o france_n three_o crime_n belong_v to_o the_o cognition_n of_o the_o high_a justice_n wilful_a fire_n ravish_v of_o woman_n and_o murder_n nor_o can_v any_o other_o judge_n proceed_v to_o judge_v these_o crime_n except_o they_o be_v particular_o warrant_v by_o a_o gift_n from_o his_o majesty_n to_o that_o effect_n skeen_n verb._n murder_n vi_o the_o justice_n court_n have_v its_o macer_n in_o which_o they_o be_v not_o stent_v to_o a_o particular_a number_n and_o though_o of_o old_a among_o the_o roman_n a_o pursuer_fw-mi might_n be_v his_o private_a authority_n and_o force_n draw_v the_o defender_n before_o the_o judge_n in_o jus_o rapere_fw-la in_o jus_o trahi_fw-la which_o they_o borrow_v from_o the_o grecian_n as_o they_o do_v most_o of_o their_o law_n for_o demosthenes_n their_o great_a lawyer_n tell_v we_o in_o orat_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n yet_o ordinary_o even_o the_o grecian_n have_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o apparitor_n as_o the_o roman_n call_v they_o who_o be_v the_o same_o with_o our_o macer_n qui_fw-la volentes_fw-la vocabant_fw-la recusantes_fw-la urgebant_fw-la the_o mace_n use_v by_o these_o with_o we_o in_o the_o justice_n court_n be_v a_o iron_n rod_n which_o be_v the_o symbol_n of_o power_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o verse_n 2._o ps._n the_o coroner_n be_v a_o officer_n who_o take_v inquisition_n of_o murder_n in_o corona_fw-la populi_fw-la the_o laird_n of_o ednam_n be_v the_o heritable_a coroner_n in_o scotland_n but_o this_o office_n be_v absolet_n now_o except_o at_o justice_n air_n where_o the_o coroner_n yet_o present_v all_o malefactor_n and_o take_v they_o to_o and_o from_o prison_n title_n xvi_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o justice_n over_o soldier_n and_o of_o militiary_a crime_n 1._o when_o be_v the_o justices-iudge_n to_o soldier_n 2._o a_o debate_n concern_v free_a quarter_n 3._o haddo_n case_n 4._o sometime_o commission_n be_v grant_v for_o try_v soldier_n 5._o how_o deserter_n be_v punish_v 6._o who_o be_v judge_n competent_a to_o soldier_n among_o the_o roman_n i._o albeit_o soldier_n shall_v be_v try_v by_o a_o court_n martial_a for_o crime_n commit_v by_o they_o in_o a_o military_a capacity_n as_o desert_v their_o colour_n resi_v their_o officer_n etc._n etc._n yet_o when_o they_o commâ—t_v other_o crime_n they_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o trial_n before_o the_o criminal_a court._n for_o as_o voet._n observe_v delicta_fw-la militum_fw-la sunt_fw-la vel_fw-la communia_fw-la vel_fw-la propria_fw-la lib._n 2._o de_fw-la remilit_fw-la and_o thus_o french_a and_o two_o other_o soulâ—iers_n under_o morgan_n in_o the_o english_a garrison_n of_o leith_n be_v put_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n for_o kill_v a_o burgess_n of_o edinburgh_n albeit_o morgan_n offer_v to_o repledge_v they_o january_n 1662._o and_o yet_o in_o anno_fw-la 1666._o the_o justice_n will_v not_o proceed_v against_o some_o gentleman_n for_o the_o slaughter_n because_o they_o be_v both_o soldier_n but_o it_o seem_v the_o crime_n shall_v have_v be_v try_v before_o the_o justice_n see_v the_o crime_n and_o not_o the_o person_n determine_v the_o jurisdiction_n and_o their_o crime_n be_v only_o a_o combat_n which_o be_v no_o specific_a crime_n to_o soldier_n and_o this_o be_v conform_v to_o a_o decision_n novemb_n 1627._o where_o captain_n bruce_n have_v be_v pursue_v for_o kill_a captain_n hamiltoun_n do_v petition_v the_o council_n show_v they_o that_o this_o crime_n be_v commit_v in_o flanders_n and_o that_o he_o be_v assoâ—lzied_v therefra_fw-la by_o a_o council_n of_o war_n upon_o which_o probation_n the_o council_n command_v the_o justice_n to_o desist_v but_o sir_n william_n bellenden_n be_v challenge_v before_o the_o council_n for_o many_o riot_n and_o crime_n commit_v when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o west_n they_o will_v not_o remit_v he_o to_o a_o council_n of_o war_n albeit_o that_o declinator_fw-la be_v propon_v august_n 1667._o and_o militia_n soldier_n be_v judge_v by_o the_o justice_n for_o murder_n commit_v by_o they_o in_o the_o execution_n of_o other_o officer_n command_n the_o 3._o of_o february_n 1674._o ii_o the_o most_o considerable_a military_a question_n which_o i_o remember_v in_o all_o the_o adjournal_n book_n be_v first_o that_o which_o be_v debate_v 5._o decemb._n 1666._o the_o case_n whereof_o be_v some_o west_n country_n man_n have_v form_v themselves_o in_o a_o army_n and_o be_v declare_v traitor_n by_o the_o council_n and_o be_v thereafter_o beat_v at_o pentland_n hill_n captain_n arnot_n major_a mackulloch_n and_o other_o be_v take_v by_o some_o of_o his_o majesty_n inferior_a officer_n upon_o quarter_n but_o be_v pannel_v before_o the_o justice_n as_o traitor_n it_o be_v allege_v for_o they_o that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v put_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n before_o the_o justice_n because_o they_o have_v be_v model_v in_o a_o army_n and_o take_v in_o the_o field_n fight_v as_o soldier_n they_o behove_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o military_a law_n and_o by_o that_o law_n such_o as_o get_v quarter_n in_o the_o field_n be_v by_o that_o quarter_n secure_v therein_o for_o their_o life_n and_o can_v be_v hereafter_o quarrel_v to_o which_o it_o be_v reply_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o quarter_n but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o bellum_fw-la justum_fw-la and_o it_o be_v not_o the_o number_n nor_o form_n of_o the_o army_n but_o the_o cause_n that_o make_v bellum_fw-la justum_fw-la and_o public_a insurrection_n of_o subject_n against_o their_o prince_n be_v rather_o sedition_n then_o bellum_fw-la and_o these_o insurrection_n be_v treason_n none_o can_v remit_v treason_n but_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o quarter_n can_v not_o be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o remission_n but_o all_o the_o effect_n of_o quarter_n in_o this_o case_n be_v to_o secure_v these_o who_o get_v the_o same_o from_o present_a death_n to_o which_o it_o be_v duply_v that_o all_o who_o get_v quarter_n from_o any_o who_o be_v authorize_v to_o be_v soldier_n be_v by_o that_o quarter_n against_o that_o authority_n from_o who_o these_o soldier_n derive_v their_o power_n and_o these_o who_o get_v the_o quarter_n be_v not_o to_o dispute_v whether_o these_o soldier_n have_v a_o sufficient_a power_n to_o give_v quarter_n or_o whether_o bellum_fw-la be_v justum_fw-la or_o injustum_fw-la for_o that_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o destroy_v quarter_n in_o all_o case_n and_o to_o make_v all_o such_o as_o take_v up_o arm_n to_o be_v desperate_a and_o irreclaimable_a
albeit_o those_o course_n and_o repledgiation_n be_v equivalent_a to_o advocation_n iii_o advocation_n may_v be_v raise_v from_o inferior_a criminal_a judge_n by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o theft-boot_n before_o the_o sheriff_n of_o inverness_n and_o advocate_n by_o the_o lord_n because_o of_o the_o intricacy_n of_o the_o case_n albeit_o it_o be_v allege_v there_o that_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o judge_n competent_a in_o such_o advocation_n because_o they_o can_v not_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o crime_n pursue_v to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o though_o they_o can_v not_o be_v judge_n themselves_o yet_o they_o may_v remit_v the_o pursuit_n to_o these_o who_o be_v competent_a even_o as_o brieve_v raise_v for_o serve_v a_o person_n air_n may_v be_v advocate_n to_o the_o lord_n who_o may_v remit_v the_o case_n to_o another_o inquest_n but_o durhie_n observe_v the_o 9_o of_o january_n 1629._o that_o kincaid_n of_o waristoun_n crave_v that_o the_o process_n against_o he_o for_o slaughter_n may_v be_v advocate_n by_o the_o lord_n to_o the_o justice_n because_o of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o baron_n bailie_n or_o else_o that_o they_o will_v grant_v assessor_n the_o lord_n continue_v the_o diet_n till_o application_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o the_o council_n but_o if_o the_o council_n will_v not_o interpose_v than_o they_o shall_v do_v justice_n therein_o by_o remit_v the_o same_o to_o the_o justice_n or_o otherwise_o but_o advocation_n in_o criminal_a case_n be_v ordinary_o raise_v by_o the_o privy_a council_n who_o have_v the_o most_o natural_a power_n in_o such_o case_n advocation_n be_v raise_v upon_o bill_n and_o the_o letter_n pass_v the_o signet_n of_o the_o session_n if_o the_o bill_n be_v past_a by_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n or_o of_o the_o council_n if_o the_o bill_n be_v pass_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o council_n this_o advocation_n must_v be_v execute_v by_o a_o messenger_n and_o a_o full_a copy_n must_v be_v give_v of_o the_o letter_n as_o in_o other_o summons_n for_o in_o effect_n a_o advocation_n be_v a_o summons_n and_o the_o diet_n in_o advocation_n be_v peremptor_n as_o in_o all_o other_o criminal_a pursuit_n neither_o be_v the_o advocation_n give_v up_o to_o see_v as_o in_o other_o criminal_a pursuit_n at_o the_o day_n of_o compearance_n and_o therefore_o a_o full_a copy_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o end_n the_o defender_n may_v be_v ready_a to_o answer_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi of_o the_o action_n must_v be_v cite_v and_o the_o judge_n from_o who_o the_o action_n be_v to_o be_v advocate_n must_v be_v also_o cite_v to_o the_o effect_n he_o may_v defend_v his_o own_o jurisdiction_n and_o if_o both_o these_o be_v not_o cite_v the_o advocation_n will_v not_o be_v sustain_v when_o the_o day_n of_o compearance_n come_v if_o the_o advocation_n be_v raise_v before_o the_o session_n it_o be_v call_v before_o the_o session_n and_o if_o the_o reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v find_v relevant_a the_o cause_n be_v remit_v to_o the_o justice_n but_o if_o that_o advocation_n be_v raise_v before_o the_o council_n it_o be_v call_v before_o the_o justice_n and_o they_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o relevancy_n of_o the_o reason_n and_o both_o pursuer_fw-mi and_o defender_n must_v prove_v all_o that_o they_o allege_v instant_o the_o advocation_n of_o a_o criminal_a pursuit_n do_v contain_v the_o reason_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v found_v as_o in_o civil_a advocation_n but_o though_o in_o civilibus_fw-la the_o raiser_n of_o the_o advocation_n will_v be_v allow_v to_o add_v a_o reason_n though_o it_o be_v not_o libel_v which_o be_v call_v a_o eiked_a reason_n yet_o that_o be_v not_o allow_v in_o criminalibus_fw-la because_o all_o must_v be_v prove_v instanter_fw-la and_o the_o defender_n be_v not_o able_a to_o prove_v his_o answer_n instant_o if_o he_o know_v not_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n which_o he_o must_v answer_v whereas_o in_o civilibus_fw-la he_o will_v get_v a_o term_n to_o prove_v his_o answer_n to_o the_o eiked_a reason_n iv._o the_o ordinary_a reason_n of_o advocation_n be_v 1._o consanguinity_n or_o affinity_n within_o degree_n defendant_n viz._n cousin_n german_a or_o near_o for_o whatever_o be_v a_o sufficient_a reason_n to_o cast_v a_o witness_n shall_v in_o my_o opinion_n much_o more_o be_v sufficient_a to_o decline_v a_o judge_n since_o there_o may_v be_v penury_n of_o witness_n so_o that_o the_o witness_v challenge_v may_v be_v necessary_a whereas_o if_o a_o judge_n be_v suspect_v he_o may_v be_v supply_v by_o another_o deput_n or_o a_o superior_a judge_n and_o a_o judge_n may_v by_o himself_o ruin_n a_o cause_n which_o one_o witness_n can_v do_v and_o though_o we_o have_v no_o express_a law_n for_o this_o yet_o the_o lord_n incline_v ordinary_o to_o sustain_v this_o and_o particular_o in_o the_o month_n of_o decem._n 1676._o ross_z contra_fw-la collodine_n where_o a_o decreet_a be_v turn_v in_o a_o libel_n because_o pronounce_v by_o a_o nephew_n albeit_o it_o be_v there_o allege_v that_o by_o the_o 212._o act_n 14._o parl._n i._n 6._o a_o brother_n father_n and_o son_n be_v only_o to_o be_v decline_v as_o judge_n for_o that_o statute_n relate_v only_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o because_o of_o their_o great_a eminency_n and_o trust_v be_v not_o to_o be_v as_o easy_o suspect_v as_o inferior_a judge_n it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o justice_n or_o any_o of_o they_o may_v be_v decline_v as_o within_o degree_n defendant_n for_o though_o they_o must_v now_o be_v senator_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n yet_o they_o sit_v not_o there_o as_o such_o nor_o be_v the_o justice-general_a or_o justice-clerk_n always_o of_o that_o number_n but_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o since_o the_o justice_n court_n be_v a_o supreme_a judicatory_a in_o its_o own_o kind_n and_o that_o this_o respect_n that_o be_v put_v upon_o they_o be_v because_o of_o their_o eminency_n and_o presume_v integrity_n that_o therefore_o they_o be_v the_o same_o person_n aught_o to_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n and_o the_o justice-general_a and_o justice-clerk_n be_v superior_a in_o order_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o be_v justiciar_n aught_o at_o least_o to_o have_v as_o great_a trust_n but_o though_o the_o admiral_n be_v a_o supreme_a judge_n also_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v if_o this_o statute_n shall_v be_v extend_v to_o he_o because_o man_n of_o mean_a part_n may_v officiat_fw-la there_o it_o may_v be_v also_o doubt_v whether_o this_o declinator_fw-la against_o father_n brother_n and_o son_n shall_v extend_v to_o the_o degree_n of_o affinity_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o consanguinity_n so_o that_o a_o father_n or_o brother_n in_o law_n may_v be_v decline_v and_o though_o the_o lord_n late_o will_v not_o decline_v one_o of_o their_o number_n though_o brother_n in_o law_n to_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi yet_o it_o may_v be_v argue_v that_o albeit_o act_v of_o parliament_n must_v be_v strict_o interpret_v yet_o where_o there_o be_v a_o parity_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o word_n may_v in_o propriety_n admit_v of_o the_o extension_n there_o the_o extension_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o here_o a_o brother_n in_o law_n be_v to_o be_v suspect_v and_o a_o brother_n in_o law_n be_v in_o propriety_n of_o speech_n a_o brother_n likeas_n since_o witness_n may_v be_v cast_v upon_o the_o suspicion_n of_o affinity_n why_o may_v not_o judge_n especial_o see_v in_o the_o statute_n 1621._o against_o disposition_n make_v by_o bankrupt_n and_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o lawyer_n degree_n of_o affinity_n and_o consanguinity_n be_v still_o equiparat_fw-la and_o so_o wise_a be_v we_o in_o this_o point_n that_o a_o pursuit_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o a_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v advocate_n upon_o this_o statute_n because_o the_o procurator-fiskal_a be_v brother_n to_o the_o judge_n though_o he_o be_v only_o pursue_v ratione_fw-la officii_fw-la and_o have_v no_o interest_n himself_o and_o express_o renounce_v all_o interest_n in_o the_o pursuit_n 28._o january_n 1629._o whether_o this_o statute_n be_v to_o be_v extend_v to_o unlawful_a relation_n so_o that_o a_o bastard_n brother_n etc._n etc._n may_v be_v decline_v vide_fw-la my_o observation_n upon_o the_o statute_n 1621._o another_o reason_n of_o advocation_n like_a to_o this_o be_v that_o one_o of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o court_n be_v pursuer_fw-mi as_o for_o instance_n the_o pursuit_n be_v at_o the_o instance_n of_o one_o of_o two_o sheriff_n depute_v before_o his_o own_o colleague_n habet_fw-la quip_n societas_fw-la jus_o quoddam_fw-la fraternitatis_fw-la in_o se_fw-la l._n verum_fw-la ff_n praesocio_fw-la vid._n c._n insinuante_fw-la de_fw-fr offic_n deleg_a &_o cap._n postr_n de_fw-fr appel_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v judge_v where_o the_o colleague_n pursue_v but_o that_o the_o pursuit_n shall_v be_v carry_v away_o to_o another_o judicature_n be_v appoint_v by_o a_o
be_v only_a judge_n to_o the_o relevancy_n and_o assizer_n to_o the_o probation_n yet_o to_o distinguish_v the_o limit_n of_o their_o different_a cognition_n become_v very_o oft_o difficult_a upon_o these_o two_o account_n 1._o by_o express_v act_n of_o parliament_n ja._n 6._o par._n 12._o cap._n 151._o it_o be_v statute_n that_o because_o party_n be_v ofttimes_o frustrate_a of_o justice_n by_o allege_v irrelevancy_n against_o criminal_a libel_n therefore_o when_o the_o person_n complain_v upon_o be_v libel_v to_o be_v art_n and_o part_n no_o exception_n or_o objection_n shall_v take_v away_o that_o part_n of_o the_o libel_n in_o time_n come_v so_o that_o albeit_o the_o great_a debate_n concern_v relevancy_n among_o lawyer_n in_o criminal_a case_n do_v arise_v upon_o these_o common_a place_n cujus_fw-la open_a auxilio_fw-la assistentia_fw-la mandato_fw-la etc._n etc._n ea_fw-la crimina_fw-la erant_fw-la commissa_fw-la and_o from_o what_o circumstance_n these_o can_v be_v infer_v yet_o now_o the_o debate_n upon_o all_o this_o fall_v not_o by_o that_o act_n under_o the_o cognition_n of_o the_o assize_n all_o these_o be_v branch_n and_o qualification_n of_o art_n and_o part_n 2._o the_o probation_n require_v ofttimes_o in_o it_o somewhat_o of_o relevancy_n to_o be_v previous_o debate_v as_o for_o instance_n whether_o a_o extrajudicial_a confession_n be_v bind_v or_o what_o witness_n in_o law_n be_v receiveable_a or_o not_o all_o which_o case_n do_v ofttimes_o confound_v the_o cognition_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o assiser_n but_o for_o clear_v of_o these_o limit_n their_o follow_a conclusion_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o in_o dubio_fw-la all_o that_o concern_v law_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o the_o justice_n and_o what_o concern_v fact_n by_o the_o assize_n 2._o regulariter_fw-la all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o libel_n fall_v under_o the_o cognition_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v recommend_v it_o as_o a_o caution_n to_o advocat_n that_o when_o they_o be_v jealous_a of_o the_o ignorance_n of_o assiser_n and_o find_v the_o case_n intricat_fw-la that_o they_o do_v not_o simple_o libel_v that_o such_o person_n be_v art_n and_o part_n but_o that_o they_o libel_v they_o to_o be_v art_n and_o part_n in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o rescue_v the_o malefactor_n etc._n etc._n for_o when_o the_o qualification_n from_o which_o art_n and_o part_n be_v infer_v be_v express_o libel_v the_o justice_n be_v judge_n to_o the_o relevancy_n of_o the_o inference_n but_o if_o these_o condescend_v not_o that_o they_o be_v art_n and_o part_n in_o so_o far_o as_o etc._n etc._n than_o the_o assizer_n be_v only_a judge_n competent_a thereto_o though_o the_o same_o be_v in_o apicibus_fw-la juris_fw-la because_o of_o the_o former_a act_n as_o be_v find_v in_o captain_n barclay_v case_n november_n 1668._o where_o they_o refuse_v to_o force_v the_o pursuer_fw-mi to_o condescend_v quo_fw-la modo_fw-la art_n and_o part_n albeit_o this_o be_v very_o dangerous_a see_v assizer_n be_v ofttimes_o ignorant_a person_n and_o yet_o they_o force_v the_o panel_n to_o condescend_v upon_o the_o particular_a qualification_n of_o self-defence_n and_o will_v not_o refer_v to_o the_o assize_n to_o consider_v the_o quality_n of_o self-defence_n which_o will_v arise_v from_o the_o probation_n as_o to_o which_o i_o can_v never_o find_v any_o reason_n of_o disparity_n but_o that_o by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o one_o case_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v decide_v by_o assiser_n whereas_o there_o be_v no_o statute_n as_o to_o the_o other_o but_o to_o speak_v ingenious_o i_o find_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n more_o unreasonable_a than_o this_o for_o the_o statutory_a part_n of_o that_o act_n commit_v the_o trial_n of_o art_n and_o part_n to_o assiser_n seem_v most_o unjust_a see_v as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o in_o commit_v the_o great_a question_n of_o the_o law_n to_o the_o most_o ignorant_a of_o the_o subject_n be_v to_o put_v a_o sharp_a sword_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o blind_a man_n and_o the_o reason_n conductive_a of_o this_o act_n specify_v in_o the_o narrative_a be_v likewise_o most_o inept_v and_o no_o way_n illative_a of_o what_o be_v thereby_o statute_v since_o debate_n upon_o the_o relevancy_n can_v very_o little_o have_v hinder_v and_o never_o have_v hinder_v justice_n for_o the_o relevancy_n be_v debate_v now_o as_o copious_o as_o before_o that_o act_n with_o this_o only_a difierence_n that_o it_o be_v then_o debate_v before_o judge_n who_o can_v have_v keep_v advocat_n at_o the_o point_n whereas_o now_o it_o be_v debate_v before_o assiser_n who_o know_v not_o how_o to_o bound_v or_o how_o to_o stop_v they_o but_o a_o better_a reason_n for_o this_o law_n have_v be_v this_o viz._n that_o the_o pursuer_fw-mi be_v not_o allow_v to_o examine_v the_o witness_n and_o so_o be_v not_o presume_v to_o know_v what_o they_o can_v say_v and_o therefore_o he_o can_v exact_o know_v all_o the_o circumstance_n which_o be_v necessary_a for_o sound_v a_o clear_a condescendency_n in_o art_n and_o part_n until_o he_o hear_v the_o witness_n depon_n and_o see_v the_o assizer_n be_v only_a judge_n to_o the_o deposition_n of_o the_o witness_n therefore_o they_o ought_v likewise_o to_o be_v judge_n to_o the_o qualification_n of_o art_n and_o part_n but_o i_o think_v that_o after_o the_o witness_n have_v depone_v the_o justice_n shall_v still_o determine_v what_o be_v art_n and_o part_n and_o shall_v not_o leave_v the_o same_o to_o the_o assizer_n and_o as_o they_o be_v found_v quo_fw-la ad_fw-la this_o upon_o the_o former_a principle_n that_o they_o be_v only_a judge_n to_o the_o matter_n of_o relevancy_n so_o they_o be_v not_o exclude_v therefrae_fw-la by_o the_o foresay_a act_n of_o parliament_n for_o it_o only_o ordain_v that_o art_n and_o part_n be_v libel_v no_o objection_n shall_v take_v away_o that_o part_n thereof_o and_o thus_o if_o a_o man_n be_v pursue_v as_o art_n and_o part_n of_o murder_n the_o libel_n shall_v doubtless_o go_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n but_o when_o the_o probation_n be_v lead_v the_o judge_n when_o he_o hear_v the_o probation_n to_o run_v upon_o rescue_n mandat_fw-la or_o ratihabition_n shall_v tell_v the_o inquest_n what_o act_v in_o law_n do_v infer_v either_o of_o these_o and_o then_o to_o leave_v it_o to_o they_o to_o judge_v if_o these_o act_n which_o he_o declare_v to_o be_v relevant_a be_v prove_v and_o it_o be_v much_o fit_a then_o to_o leave_v poor_a ignorant_a assizer_n to_o the_o impression_n of_o advocat_n who_o may_v bias_n they_o by_o their_o repute_n authority_n or_o confidence_n 3._o albeit_o the_o assize_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o probation_n yet_o what_o manner_n of_o probation_n be_v requisite_a belong_v to_o the_o cognition_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o thus_o the_o justice_n determine_v in_o balcanquels_fw-fr case_n in_o anno_fw-la 1665._o that_o witness_n can_v not_o be_v prove_v to_o have_v perjure_v themselves_o by_o the_o deposition_n of_o other_o witness_n but_o only_o by_o writ_n or_o reexamination_n and_o in_o the_o action_n of_o usury_n pursue_v against_o witherspoon_n march_v 1666._o they_o find_v that_o usurary_n paction_n be_v extrinsic_a to_o the_o writ_n can_v be_v prove_v by_o other_o witness_n than_o the_o witness_n insert_v and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o wilson_n november_n 1667._o they_o find_v that_o the_o receive_v more_o than_o the_o ordinary_a rent_n be_v not_o probable_a by_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o payer_n and_o yet_o if_o any_o of_o the_o assizer_n please_v he_o may_v desire_v ad_fw-la informandam_fw-la conscientiam_fw-la judicis_fw-la any_o probation_n whatsoever_o to_o be_v take_v and_o thus_o often_o time_n in_o the_o criminal_a register_n assizer_n have_v cause_v read_v testificat_o from_o chirurgeon_n and_o other_o licet_fw-la regulariter_fw-la testibus_fw-la non_fw-la testimoniis_fw-la est_fw-la credendum_fw-la the_o last_o rule_n be_v that_o before_o the_o assize_n be_v swear_v all_o the_o cognition_n belong_v to_o the_o justice_n but_o after_o they_o be_v swear_v the_o justice_n functi_fw-la sunt_fw-la officio_fw-la and_o all_o thereafter_o fall_v under_o the_o cognition_n of_o the_o assizer_n as_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o justice_n interlocutor_fw-la which_o run_v thus_o the_o justice_n find_v the_o libel_n relevant_a notwithstanding_o of_o the_o defence_n and_o ordain_v the_o panel_n to_o pass_v thereupon_o to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o a_o inquest_n but_o to_o prevent_v all_o their_o difficulty_n i_o wish_v that_o the_o justice_n be_v judge_n both_o to_o relevancy_n and_o probation_n which_o overture_n seem_v most_o fit_a and_o advantageous_a for_o these_o subsequent_a reason_n 1._o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o contingency_n betwixt_o relevancy_n and_o probation_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v disjoin_v and_o sure_o they_o must_v best_o understand_v what_o probation_n be_v requisite_a who_o have_v consider_v the_o relevancy_n upon_o which_o it_o depend_v and_o for_o
without_o insert_v any_o part_n of_o the_o process_n in_o the_o journal_n book_n wherein_o also_o i_o find_v that_o malefactor_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v execute_v very_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n for_o bestiality_n which_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o confession_n of_o one_o who_o assert_v that_o the_o reason_n of_o his_o commit_v that_o crime_n be_v a_o curiosity_n he_o contract_v at_o his_o see_v one_o execute_v for_o it_o and_o in_o such_o crime_n no_o man_n needs_o to_o be_v deter_v nor_o wâ—ll_n terror_n restrain_v he_o who_o nature_n can_v since_o than_o execution_n for_o some_o crime_n incite_v some_o to_o curiosity_n and_o vex_v other_o with_o horror_n and_o be_v necessary_a to_o none_o some_o may_v be_v more_o proper_o punish_v private_o then_o public_o and_o thus_o such_o person_n as_o be_v popular_a and_o be_v execute_v only_o for_o crime_n for_o which_o the_o people_n have_v a_o kindness_n will_v be_v more_o happy_o execute_v private_o then_o public_o because_o the_o person_n execute_v be_v by_o public_a execution_n obleidge_v to_o die_v rebellious_o and_o the_o people_n be_v confirm_v in_o their_o good_a opinion_n of_o they_o by_o their_o courage_n at_o death_n ii_o constantine_n do_v forbid_v that_o any_o malefactor_n shall_v be_v crucify_v and_o this_o he_o do_v because_o of_o his_o respect_n to_o the_o cross_n he_o likewise_o do_v forbid_v to_o stigmatize_v the_o face_n l._n 17._o c._n de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la because_o the_o face_n be_v god_n image_n martyrus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o banishment_n be_v not_o lawful_a lest_o the_o person_n so_o punish_v shall_v be_v force_v to_o live_v among_o turk_n and_o other_o by_o who_o he_o may_v become_v more_o flagitious_a then_o former_o and_o i_o have_v oft_o think_v it_o inhuman_a to_o send_v our_o malefactor_n to_o our_o neighbour_n and_o imprudent_a because_o it_o will_v occasion_v the_o send_n of_o they_o from_o home_n whereby_o we_o may_v be_v likewise_o trouble_v with_o such_o as_o they_o have_v banish_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o correction-house_n will_v be_v both_o safe_a and_o more_o advantageous_a for_o in_o these_o they_o may_v serve_v the_o public_a who_o they_o have_v offend_v but_o with_o we_o no_o judge_n can_v confine_v a_o man_n who_o he_o banish_v to_o any_o place_n without_o his_o jurisdiction_n because_o he_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n over_o other_o country_n and_o so_o can_v make_v any_o act_n nor_o pronounce_v any_o sentence_n relative_a to_o they_o torture_v punishment_n at_o death_n be_v also_o very_o inexcusable_a for_o they_o ofttimes_o occasion_v blasphemy_n in_o the_o die_a malefactor_n and_o so_o damn_v both_o soul_n and_o body_n whereas_o the_o soul_n shall_v be_v allow_v to_o leave_v quiet_o this_o earth_n and_o go_v in_o peace_n to_o the_o region_n of_o peace_n nor_o do_v these_o terrify_v other_o from_o the_o like_a offence_n for_o these_o who_o fear_v not_o death_n will_v fear_v nothing_o iii_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n among_o the_o civilian_n that_o no_o man_n can_v obliedge_v himself_o to_o any_o thing_n under_o a_o corporal_a pain_n quia_fw-la nemo_fw-la est_fw-la dominus_fw-la suorum_fw-la membrorum_fw-la but_o with_o we_o it_o be_v most_o ordinary_a for_o a_o man_n who_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o crime_n to_o obliedge_v himself_o never_o to_o return_v to_o scotland_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o death_n thus_o hamiltoun_n be_v hang_v anno_fw-la 1649._o for_o return_v to_o scotland_n after_o she_o haâ—_n enact_v herself_o never_o to_o return_v under_o pain_n of_o death_n and_o her_o dittay_n be_v only_o found_v upon_o that_o contravention_n and_o certain_o contempt_n be_v add_v to_o the_o former_a guilt_n may_v make_v a_o crime_n that_o be_v not_o capital_a become_v so_o and_o this_o contravention_n imply_v in_o effect_n paenam_fw-la effracti_fw-la carceris_fw-la which_o be_v ofttimes_o capital_a so_o that_o though_o a_o person_n can_v bind_v himself_o when_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o no_o crime_n to_o perform_v any_o thing_n under_o pain_n of_o life_n or_o limb_n yet_o if_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o crime_n he_o may_v consent_v and_o enact_v himself_o as_o say_v be_v iv._o whether_o when_o law_n allow_v a_o judge_n a_o arbitrary_a power_n in_o punish_v that_o judge_n may_v inflict_v death_n in_o that_o case_n be_v much_o controvert_v chassan_n and_o socin_n think_v that_o he_o can_v and_o this_o seem_v clear_a 1.4_o qui_fw-la vexant_fw-la annonam_fw-la debent_fw-la puniri_fw-la extra_fw-la ordinem_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la animae_fw-la amissione_n inst._n the_o publ_n ind_z and_o pappon_o relate_v a_o decision_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n find_v that_o it_o can_v not_o 2._o this_o will_v make_v judge_n very_o arbitrary_a and_o render_v the_o life_n and_o fortoun_n of_o the_o liege_n very_o unsecure_a 3._o see_v lawyer_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o no_o man_n life_n can_v be_v take_v away_o without_o a_o express_a law_n it_o seem_v very_o consequential_a to_o this_o that_o no_o man_n life_n can_v be_v take_v away_o upon_o so_o general_a a_o law_n 4._o by_o the_o 20._o act_n parl._n 1_o sess._n 1._o ch._n 2._o death_n and_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v oppose_v for_o these_o who_o have_v pass_v sixteen_o year_n of_o age_n beat_v or_o curse_v parent_n be_v ordain_v to_o die_v but_o if_o they_o be_v within_o sixteen_o and_o past_a pupilarity_n they_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v arbitrar_o punish_v whereas_o if_o arbitrary_a punishment_n may_v be_v extend_v to_o death_n this_o difference_n will_v be_v ineffectual_a and_o the_o law_n thereby_o evacuat_a and_o by_o the_o 5._o act_n 1._o parl._n ja._n 6._o the_o punishment_n of_o say_v and_o hear_v mess_n be_v escheat_v of_o their_o good_n and_o a_o arbitrary_a punishment_n of_o their_o person_n for_o the_o first_o fault_n banishment_n for_o the_o second_o and_o death_n for_o the_o three_o so_o that_o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o less_o than_o death_n else_o the_o first_o fault_n shall_v be_v as_o seveer_o punish_v as_o the_o three_o against_o both_o the_o principal_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o design_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n 5._o arbitrary_a punishment_n be_v appoint_v ordinary_o for_o so_o mean_a and_o inconsiderable_a fault_n that_o it_o be_v inhuman_a to_o think_v that_o these_o can_v be_v extend_v to_o death_n skeen_n also_o de_fw-fr verb._n sig_n verb._n iter_fw-la say_v that_o if_o the_o panel_n come_v in_o will_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o justice_n to_o fine_v he_o according_a to_o his_o offence_n but_o he_o speak_v not_o there_o of_o his_o power_n to_o inflâ—ct_v death_n eo_fw-la casu_fw-la and_o yet_o skeen_n ad_fw-la cap._n 6._o l._n malcolimbi_fw-la vers_fw-la 2._o wherein_o it_o be_v statute_n that_o the_o marischal_n and_o constable_n shall_v punish_v offender_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o offence_n observe_v that_o paena_fw-la extraordinaria_fw-la may_v be_v sometime_o extend_v to_o death_n because_o of_o the_o aggradge_v circumstance_n and_o cite_v for_o this_o l._n ult_n ff_n de_fw-fr priv_n delict_n &_o 16._o de_fw-fr paenis_fw-la but_o these_o law_n be_v ill_o cite_v as_o will_v appear_v by_o read_v they_o when_o the_o pain_n be_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n arbitrary_a and_o the_o defender_n come_v in_o will_n he_o must_v present_o find_v caution_n to_o satisfy_v the_o king_n will_v betwixt_o and_o such_o a_o day_n this_o be_v the_o constant_a custom_n and_o be_v practise_v the_o 22._o of_o november_n 1600._o advocatus_fw-la contra_fw-la patrick_n mc._n creif_n and_o other_o but_o where_o the_o crime_n be_v punishable_a by_o a_o express_a and_o determinat_fw-la punishment_n there_o though_o a_o defender_n come_v in_o will_n it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v receive_v and_o thus_o the_o marquis_n of_o argile_n be_v pursue_v before_o the_o parliament_n for_o treason_n offer_v to_o come_v in_o will_n but_o his_o submission_n be_v not_o accept_v v._o it_o be_v uncontravert_v with_o we_o if_o when_o any_o crime_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n the_o movable_n fall_v to_o the_o king_n though_o the_o act_n bear_v not_o that_o the_o crime_n shall_v be_v punishable_a by_o death_n and_o confiscation_n of_o movable_n and_o according_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n proscriptus_fw-la eratis_fw-la cujus_fw-la bona_fw-la expressim_fw-la confiscabantur_fw-la damnatus_fw-la vero_fw-la cujus_fw-la bona_fw-la tacit_a publicatio_fw-la enim_fw-la bonorum_fw-la sequebatur_fw-la tacit_a paenam_fw-la capitalem_fw-la matheus_n cap._n 2._o de_fw-la sicartis_fw-la num_fw-la 2._o and_o albeit_o the_o judge_n shall_v omit_v in_o his_o sentence_n the_o punishment_n due_a by_o law_n yet_o ipso_fw-la jure_fw-la there_o be_v by_o the_o damnation_n jus_o quaesitum_fw-la fisco_fw-la as_o be_v find_v after_o a_o large_a debate_n in_o the_o case_n of_o wauch_n who_o be_v a_o land_a man_n find_v guilty_a of_o theft_n though_o he_o be_v only_o fine_v by_o the_o sheriff_n in_o a_o thousand_o pound_n yet_o the_o donator_n to_o the_o escheat_n be_v find_v to_o have_v