Selected quad for the lemma: justice_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
justice_n	according_a	law_n	power_n	2,633	5	4.9144	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A91237	The opening of the great seale of England. Containing certain brief historicall and legall observations, touching the originall, antiquity, progresse, vse, necessity of the great seal of the kings and kingdoms, of England, in respect of charters, patents, writs, commissions, and other processe. Together with the kings, kingdoms, Parliaments severall interests in, and power over the same, and over the Lord Chancellour, and the lords and keepers of it, both in regard of its new-making, custody, admi nistration [sic] for the better execution of publike justice, the republique necessary safety, and vtility. Occasioned by the over-rash censures of such who inveigh against the Parliament, for ordering a new great seale to be engraven, to supply the wilfull absence, defects, abuses of the old, unduely withdrawne and detained from them. / By William Prynne, Utter-Barrester of Lincolns Inne. ...	Prynne, William, 1600-1669.	1643 (1643)	Wing P4026; Thomason E251_2; ESTC R234376	44,104	39

here_o with_o trivial_a common_a thing_n concerning_o seal_n or_o seal_v but_o only_o with_o such_o antiquity_n and_o rarity_n as_o be_v not_o common_o know_v nor_o mention_v in_o our_o law_n book_n the_o king_n and_o parliament_n several_a and_o joint_a interest_n in_o and_o power_n over_o the_o new-making_n keep_v order_v of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n have_v thus_o trace_v out_o the_o original_n progress_n use_n and_o necessity_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n through_o the_o obscure_a path_n of_o abstruse_a antiquity_n with_o as_o much_o verity_n perspicuity_n brevity_n as_o possible_a i_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n summary_o examine_v what_o several_a or_o joint_a interest_n the_o king_n kingdom_n and_o parliament_n have_v in_o what_o power_n or_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o new-making_n keep_v or_o use_v thereof_o for_o the_o better_a assoyl_n of_o which_o grand_a question_n now_o in_o public_a agitation_n i_o shall_v premise_v these_o three_o proposition_n and_o distinction_n which_o will_v much_o conduce_v to_o the_o clear_n and_o resolution_n of_o this_o doubt_n first_o that_o our_o king_n great_a and_o petty_a seal_n when_o original_o invent_v and_o while_o the_o use_n of_o they_o be_v only_o private_a or_o mere_o arbitrary_a not_o simple_o necessary_a in_o point_n of_o law_n in_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n or_o transaction_n of_o the_o public_a affair_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v proper_a and_o peculiar_a to_o themselves_o alone_o and_o in_o their_o own_o dispose_n power_n only_o as_o every_o private_a man_n seal_n now_o be_v they_o use_v they_o only_o as_o private_a not_o as_o public_a person_n in_o their_o natural_a not_o politic_a capacity_n but_o after_o that_o these_o seal_n by_o use_n and_o custom_n become_v simple_o necessary_a for_o the_o public_a execution_n of_o justice_n and_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o our_o king_n make_v use_v of_o they_o in_o their_o politic_a capacity_n as_o head_n or_o supreme_a governor_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o public_a minister_n thereof_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o parliament_n by_o this_o occasion_n and_o upon_o this_o reason_n come_v to_o gain_v a_o public_a interest_n in_o and_o jurisdiction_n over_o these_o seal_n as_o well_o as_o our_o king_n even_o as_o in_o all_o other_o inferior_a corration_n the_o commonalty_n as_o well_o as_o the_o major_n in_o city_n and_o borough_n the_o chapter_n as_o well_o as_o the_o bishop_n or_o dean_n the_o covent_n as_o well_o as_o the_o abbot_n or_o prior_n the_o warden_n assistant_n and_o whole_a company_n as_o well_o as_o the_o master_n the_o fellow_n of_o college_n as_o well_o as_o the_o precedent_n have_v a_o public_a interest_n in_o and_o power_n over_o their_o several_a corporation-seal_n make_v only_o for_o their_o common_a good_a and_o affair_n as_o i_o shall_v manifest_v in_o the_o sequel_n and_o in_o this_o respect_n the_o great_a seal_n come_v to_o be_v common_o call_v *_o other_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o our_o act_n as_o in_o 14._o and_o 15._o hen_n 8._o c._n 4._o 34_o and_o 35_o hen_n 8._o c._n 26._o 1_o ed._n 6._o c._n 44._o 3_o and_o 4_o ed._n 6_o c._n 12._o 2_o and_o 3_o phil._n and_o mar._n cap._n 20._o 1_o eliz._n cap._n 1._o 5_o eliz._n cap._n 1._o 8_o eliz._n cap._n 1._o 13_o eliz_n cap._n 6_o 7_o 9_o 18_o eliz._n cap._n 2._o 23_o eliz._n cap._n 14._o 39_o eliz._n cap._n 6_o 43_o eliz._n cap._n 4._o 5_o eliz._n cap._n 18._o a_o act_n declare_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n frequent_o thus_o style_v in_o this_o act_n and_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n to_o be_v one_o 1_o jac._n c._n 28._o 1_o car._n c._n 2._o 16_o car._n c._n 1._o with_o sundry_a other_o act_n to_o omit_v law-book_n and_o historier_n and_o be_v thus_o become_v the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n the_o parliament_n the_o representative_a body_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n of_o england_n must_v necessary_o have_v a_o interest_n in_o and_o jurisdiction_n over_o it_o in_o all_o public_a respect_n even_o so_o far_o as_o to_o new_a make_v it_o when_o there_o be_v need_n and_o to_o dispose_v it_o for_o necessary_a affair_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o realm_n when_o the_o old_a seal_n the_o proper_a seal_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v purposely_o subtract_v yea_o deny_v they_o for_o necessary_a public_a use_n second_o that_o after_o the_o great_a seal_n become_v common_a and_o necessary_a to_o most_o public_a affair_n in_o which_o regard_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o parliament_n come_v to_o have_v a_o right_a in_o and_o power_n over_o it_o so_o in_o other_o respect_n the_o king_n still_o retain_v a_o peculiar_a interest_n and_o prerogative_n in_o it_o in_o all_o arbitrary_a matter_n of_o royal_a grace_n and_o favour_n to_o which_o he_o be_v no_o way_n oblige_v in_o point_n of_o law_n in_o which_o respect_n it_o be_v call_v the_o king_n great_a seal_n as_o first_o in_o case_n of_o general_a or_o particular_a charter_n of_o pardon_n second_o of_o indenization_n or_o enfranchisment_n three_o of_o erect_v new_a corporation_n or_o confirm_v old_a four_o of_o dispense_v with_o some_o kind_n of_o law_n penalty_n and_o forfeiture_n five_o of_o confer_v some_o kind_n of_o less_o public_a office_n and_o annuity_n for_o service_n perform_v or_o to_o be_v execute_v six_o of_o grant_v new_a liberty_n or_o franchise_n of_o grace_n to_o corporation_n or_o private_a subject_n seven_o of_o create_v or_o confer_v new_a honour_n on_o deserve_a man_n eight_o of_o licence_n for_o mortmain_n impropriation_n alienation_n consecration_n of_o new_a church_n or_o chapel_n etc._n etc._n nine_o of_o public_a collection_n for_o person_n or_o town_n distress_v through_o fire_n shipwreck_n or_o other_o casualty_n ten_o of_o private_a negotiation_n with_o foreign_a prince_n state_n or_o subject_n and_o some_o kind_n of_o protection_n commission_n of_o grace_n rather_o than_o right_a or_o justice_n in_o all_o these_o and_o such_o like_a particular_n of_o mere_a grace_n or_o less_o public_a concernment_n the_o kingdom_n and_o parliament_n neither_o proper_o have_v nor_o pretend_v to_o have_v any_o public_a right_n or_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o great_a or_o petty_a seal_n but_o leave_v they_o absolute_o free_a to_o the_o king_n as_o if_o they_o be_v his_o own_o private_a seal_n alone_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o his_o charter_n pardon_n grant_n license_n dispensation_n protection_n commission_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v consonant_a to_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o not_o repugnant_a to_o they_o three_o the_o parliament_n and_o whole_a kingdom_n as_o to_o all_o public_a affair_n of_o state_n and_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n to_o all_o the_o subject_n have_v commit_v the_o make_v lawful_a use_n power_n and_o disposal_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o trust_n to_o the_o king_n as_o to_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n and_o justitiar_n over_o which_o they_o never_o claim_v a_o constitute_n or_o dispose_v jurisdiction_n while_o it_o be_v right_o manage_v according_a to_o law_n but_o if_o this_o seal_n be_v either_o wilful_o abuse_v or_o subtract_v contrary_a to_o law_n or_o trust_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o obstruction_n of_o public_a justice_n or_o violation_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o not_o redress_v after_o several_a complaint_n and_o petition_n of_o the_o house_n to_o the_o king_n for_o reformation_n of_o this_o grievance_n whether_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n or_o parliament_n in_o such_o a_o case_n as_o this_o who_o have_v authority_n to_o remedy_v the_o grievance_n the_o abuse_n or_o wilful_a absence_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n have_v not_o likewise_o a_o lawful_a sovereign_a power_n to_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n and_o appoint_v a_o keeper_n of_o it_o for_o supply_v the_o absence_n regulate_v the_o abuse_n of_o the_o old_a remove_v obstruction_n of_o public_a justice_n fill_v up_o the_o commons_o house_n by_o issue_v writ_n to_o elect_a knight_n and_o burgess_n in_o the_o place_n of_o such_o as_o be_v dead_a or_o just_o expel_v now_o deny_v seal_v of_o writ_n of_o error_n in_o parliament_n and_o other_o such_o public_a parliamentary_a affair_n necessary_o require_v the_o presence_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n the_o proper_a seal_n of_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n which_o have_v no_o other_o seal_n but_o it_o and_o lord_n chancellor_n the_o ordinary_a speaker_n of_o the_o lord_n house_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o very_a office_n in_o all_o age_n and_o so_o his_o and_o the_o great_a seal_n presence_n absolute_o necessary_a unless_o dispense_v with_o by_o the_o house_n upon_o inevitable_a occasion_n of_o absence_n be_v the_o sole_a question_n now_o in_o debate_n and_o under_o correction_n in_o this_o case_n and_o for_o these_o

all_o and_o in_o their_o default_n or_o neglect_v the_o freeholder_n and_o citizen_n of_o each_o county_n city_n and_o borough_n be_v enable_v to_o elect_a knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n without_o any_o writ_n at_o all_o and_o the_o election_n and_o parliament_n to_o be_v as_o effectual_a as_o if_o summon_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n if_o then_o a_o parliament_n may_v be_v thus_o summon_v by_o the_o lord_n keeper_n himself_o by_o a_o writ_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n without_o the_o king_n privity_n or_o contrary_a to_o his_o command_n or_o by_o a_o writ_n under_o the_o lord_n seal_n only_o or_o without_o any_o writ_n at_o all_o in_o some_o case_n and_o that_o by_o express_a provision_n of_o a_o act_n make_v this_o parliament_n why_o this_o parliament_n may_v not_o by_o as_o good_a or_o like_o reason_n now_o it_o be_v assemble_v and_o perpetuate_v by_o another_o act_n make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n to_o seal_v writ_n of_o election_n or_o grant_v out_o their_o writ_n without_o the_o great_a seal_n by_o a_o ordinance_n of_o parliament_n only_o to_o complete_v the_o house_n now_o the_o great_a seal_n have_v be_v so_o long_o absent_a and_o such_o writ_n refuse_v to_o be_v issue_v under_o it_o though_o oft_o desire_v without_o any_o danger_n of_o treason_n or_o derogation_n to_o the_o king_n prerogative_n i_o can_v yet_o dicerne_v it_o be_v far_o less_o for_o a_o sit_a parliament_n in_o this_o case_n to_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n or_o issue_n out_o writ_n of_o election_n without_o the_o king_n privity_n now_o in_o arm_n against_o it_o to_o recruit_v it_o be_v own_o member_n then_o for_o the_o chancellor_n keeper_n lord_n or_o commons_o themselves_o out_o of_o parliament_n thus_o either_o with_o or_o without_o writ_n to_o summon_v and_o hold_v a_o parliament_n without_o yea_o against_o the_o king_n assent_n his_o proclamation_n or_o inhibition_n to_o the_o contrary_a and_o those_o fundamental_a principle_n of_o law_n state-policy_n with_o that_o sovereign_a power_n of_o the_o parliament_n and_o kingdom_n above_o our_o king_n which_o induce_v both_o house_n thus_o to_o make_v and_o his_o majesty_n ready_o to_o assent_v to_o this_o late_a act_n for_o the_o common_a benefit_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o case_n of_o his_o own_o or_o the_o lord_n keeper_n wilful_a neglect_n or_o refusal_n to_o do_v their_o duty_n will_v doubtless_o enable_v the_o house_n now_o sit_v to_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n or_o issue_n out_o writ_n of_o election_n error_n and_o the_o like_a either_o under_o it_o or_o without_o it_o during_o the_o voluntary_a absence_n of_o the_o king_n lord_n keeper_n and_o great_a seal_n from_o the_o parliament_n contrary_a to_o law_n custom_n duty_n oath_n of_o purpose_n to_o complete_a the_o house_n and_o expedite_v public_a justice_n obstruct_v by_o their_o absence_n and_o the_o rather_o may_v the_o parliament_n do_v it_o in_o case_n of_o writ_n of_o election_n because_o such_o writ_n with_o the_o election_n make_v by_o virtue_n of_o they_o have_v usual_o be_v order_v form_v issue_v our_o determine_v judge_v only_o by_o the_o parliament_n and_o writ_n for_o new_a election_n by_o reason_n of_o death_n or_o removal_n have_v constant_o issue_v out_o of_o course_n by_o order_n or_o warrant_n from_o the_o speaker_n or_o commons_o house_n only_o without_o special_a warrant_n from_o the_o king_n himself_o without_o refusal_n or_o denial_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o rich._n 2._o cap._n 4._o 7_o hen._n 4._o cap._n 15._o 11_o hen._n 4._o cap._n 1._o 8_o hen._n 5._o cap._n 1._o 6_o hen._n 6._o cap._n 4._o 8_o hen._n 6._o cap._n 7._o 10_o hen._n 6._o cap._n 2._o 23_o hen._n 6._o cap._n 11._o 32_o hen._n 6._o cap._n 15._o 8_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 16._o 35_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 11._o br._n parliament_n 7._o dyer_n f._n 60._o crompton_n jurisdiction_n of_o court_n f._n 3_o 4_o 16._o neither_o can_v they_o be_v deny_v o●_z the_o house_n keep_v incomplete_a against_o their_o will_n by_o his_o refusal_n without_o apparent_a breach_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n yea_o of_o magna_n charta_n itself_o as_o the_o lord_n resolve_v an._n 1256._o in_o henry_n the_o three_o his_o reign_n and_o the_o whole_a parliament_n since_o 1_o hen._n 4._o rot._n parl._n num_fw-la 21_o 22._o as_o i_o have_v *_o 42._o elsewhere_o prove_v from_o all_o which_o authority_n i_o humble_o conceive_v the_o parliament_n may_v lawful_o in_o the_o case_n fore-stated_a both_o make_v a_o new_a broad_a seal_n and_o keeper_n of_o it_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o house_n and_o redress_v the_o obstruction_n of_o justice_n of_o parliamentary_a proceed_n occasion_v by_o the_o great_a seal_n absence_n to_o these_o authority_n i_o shall_v annex_v the_o ensue_a reason_n both_o of_o law_n and_o state_n first_o the_o parliament_n the_o supreme_a power_n and_o judicature_n in_o england_n have_v the_o chief_a interest_n and_o propriety_n in_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n in_o respect_n of_o ●●s_n public_a use_n may_v lawful_o new_a make_v and_o use_v that_o seal_n which_o be_v it_o own_o in_o respect_n of_o property_n and_o use_n and_o the_o king_n only_o as_o their_o public_a minister_n second_o that_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o chief_a state-physician_n of_o the_o realm_n may_v and_o aught_o by_o law_n to_o redress_v all_o public_a grievance_n therefore_o the_o grievance_n and_o obstruction_n of_o justice_n occasion_v by_o the_o old_a great_a seal_n and_o lord_n keeper_n absence_n or_o abuse_n by_o make_v new_a three_o the_o parliament_n may_v and_o aught_o to_o supply_v all_o defect_n default_n of_o state_n officer_n law_n affair_n prejudicial_a to_o the_o realm_n hence_o it_o always_o have_v supply_v the_o minority_n detage_n or_o absence_n of_o our_o king_n by_o constitute_v a_o viceroy_n of_o their_o own_o election_n to_o exercise_v all_o royal_a authority_n the_o absence_n of_o the_o lord_n keeper_n or_o speaker_n of_o the_o low_a house_n when_o sick_a by_o substitute_v other_o to_o supply_v their_o place_n the_o defect_n of_o the_o common_a law_n by_o new_a statute-law_n and_o provide_v new_a law_n court_n seal_n against_o new_a mischief_n not_o remediable_a by_o old_a acts._n this_o appear_v most_o lively_a by_o the_o act_n for_o triennial_a parliament_n forecited_a wherein_o the_o wilfulness_n and_o negligence_n of_o the_o king_n be_v order_v to_o be_v supply_v by_o the_o lord_n keeper_n the_o lord_n keeper_n by_o the_o lord_n the_o lord_n by_o the_o sheriff_n of_o county_n major_n and_o bailiff_n and_o they_o by_o the_o freeholder_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n the_o council_n of_o basil_n and_o other_o *_o 13._o forecited_a be_v to_o like_o purpose_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o hen._n 8._o c._n 21._o which_o law_n abolish_n the_o pope_n authority_n enable_v the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n to_o grant_v all_o ecclesiastical_a licence_n and_o dispensation_n here_o which_o the_o pope_n alone_o former_o grant_v at_o rome_n and_o then_o provide_v that_o in_o case_n the_o archbishop_n shall_v wilful_o and_o obstinate_o refuse_v to_o grant_v such_o licence_n and_o dispensation_n to_o those_o who_o demand_v they_o without_o a_o just_a and_o reasonable_a cause_n that_o then_o a_o injunction_n shall_v issue_v out_o of_o the_o chancery_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o he_o command_v he_o to_o grant_v they_o and_o if_o he_o then_o wilful_o refuse_v to_o do_v it_o that_o then_o the_o king_n upon_o every_o such_o default_n and_o wilfulness_n shall_v grant_v a_o commission_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o any_o two_o prelate_n or_o spiritual_a person_n that_o will_v grant_v they_o by_o a_o instrument_n in_o write_v under_o their_o seal_n the_o parliament_n therefore_o now_o summon_v and_o sit_v by_o like_o reason_n lawful_o may_v and_o be_v bind_v in_o duty_n to_o supply_v the_o present_a wilful_a absence_n of_o the_o lord_n keeper_n and_o great_a seal_n treacherous_o carry_v from_o it_o beyond_o expectation_n contrary_a to_o promise_v and_o so_o long_o detain_v thence_o by_o constitute_v new_a one_o in_o their_o place_n it_o be_v one_o principal_a article_n prefer_v by_o *_o 1191_o the_o parliament_n against_o cardinal_n wolsie_n that_o when_o he_o be_v send_v ambassador_n into_o flanders_n to_o the_o emperor_n he_o carry_v the_o great_a seal_n with_o he_o without_o the_o king_n consent_n for_o which_o he_o be_v displace_v and_o fine_v much_o more_o than_o may_v the_o parliament_n displace_v the_o lord_n keeper_n for_o carry_v away_o the_o great_a seal_n the_o only_a seal_n of_o this_o high_a court_n in_o a_o surreptitious_a manner_n from_o they_o contrary_a to_o his_o duty_n without_o and_o against_o their_o consent_n and_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n and_o keeper_n in_o lieu_n of_o the_o old_a four_o the_o parliament_n be_v bind_v to_o take_v care_n that_o public_a justice_n according_a to_o *_o

declaration_n declare_v charter_n or_o writ_n not_o seal_v with_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o be_v void_a in_o law_n for_o aught_o i_o find_v before_o this_o project_n unless_o that_o forementioned_a touch_v the_o conqueror_n pass_v for_o a_o law_n and_o judgement_n in_o this_o particular_a four_o that_o the_o chancellor_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n the_o indiscreet_a use_n and_o abuse_v whereof_o be_v good_a ground_n in_o law_n to_o deprive_v he_o of_o its_o custody_n what_o the_o office_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o chancellor_n real_o be_v in_o that_o age_n appear_v by_o this_o description_n of_o it_o write_v in_o or_o near_o that_o time_n o_o 128._o cancellarii_fw-la dignitas_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la secundus_fw-la a_fw-la rege_fw-la in_fw-la regno_fw-la habeatur_fw-la ut_fw-la altera_fw-la parte_fw-la sigilli_fw-la regii_fw-la quod_fw-la et_fw-la ad_fw-la eius_fw-la pertinet_fw-la custodiam_fw-la propria_fw-la signet_fw-la mandata_fw-la vt_fw-la capella_fw-la regius_fw-la in_fw-la illius_fw-la fit_fw-la dispositione_fw-la et_fw-la cura_fw-la vt_fw-la vacantes_fw-la archiepiscopatus_fw-la episcopatus_fw-la abbatias_fw-la et_fw-la baronias_fw-la cadentes_fw-la in_fw-la manum_fw-la regis_fw-la ipse_fw-la suscipiat_fw-la et_fw-la conservet_fw-la vt_fw-la omnibus_fw-la regiis_fw-la assit_fw-la consilis_fw-la etiam_fw-la non_fw-la vocatus_fw-la accedat_fw-la vt_fw-la omnia_fw-la sigilliferi_fw-la clerici_fw-la regii_fw-la sua_fw-la manu_fw-la signentur_fw-la item_n ut_fw-la suffragantibus_fw-la ex_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la vitae_fw-la meritis_fw-la non_fw-la moriatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la archiepiscopus_fw-la vel_fw-la episcepus_fw-la si_fw-la voluerit_fw-la and_o by_o the_o black_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n attribute_v to_o gervasius_n talburiensis_n par_fw-fr 1._o c._n 5._o cancellarius_fw-la ficut_fw-la in_fw-la curia_fw-la sic_fw-la ad_fw-la scaccarium_fw-la magnus_fw-la est_fw-la adeo_fw-la ut_fw-la 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office_n and_o honour_n king_n john_n succeed_v his_o brother_n richard_n by_o the_o noble_n and_o people_n election_n rather_o than_o by_o descent_n as_o p_o 190._o matthew_n paris_n with_o other_o observe_v have_v both_o a_o great_a seal_n and_o q_o then_o chancellor_n who_o keep_v it_o with_o which_o he_o seal_v divers_a charter_n among_o other_o one_o letter_n parent_n sigillo_fw-la nosro_fw-la munitas_fw-la to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n monk_n and_o other_o prelate_n persecute_v by_o he_o r_o other_o restore_v they_o to_o their_o liberty_n and_o possession_n which_o be_v date_v the_o 13._o day_n of_o may_n in_o the_o 14._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n another_o date_v 〈◊〉_d 15._o of_o the_o same_o month_n at_o the_o house_n of_o the_o templar_n near_o dover_n chartam_fw-la sigillo_fw-la nostro_fw-la munitam_fw-la of_o his_o most_o detestable_a resignation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o crown_n of_o england_n to_o the_o pope_n deliver_v to_o pandulph_n the_o pope_n legate_n to_o who_o he_o do_v homage_n for_o england_n and_o ireland_n after_o this_o surrender_n which_o charter_n first_o seal_v with_o wax_n and_o after_o deliver_v to_o pandulph_n be_v the_o same_o year_n afterwards_o in_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o saint_n paul_n before_o the_o high_a altar_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o people_n auro_fw-la bullata_fw-la est_fw-la seal_v with_o gold_n and_o deliver_v to_o nicholas_n bishop_n of_o tusculan_a the_o pope_n legate_n to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o church_n of_o rome_n to_o who_o he_o then_o do_v homage_n to_o his_o eternal_a infamy_n which_o so_o much_o discontent_v his_o noble_n prelate_n and_o people_n that_o they_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o he_o and_o enforce_v he_o in_o a_o assembly_n and_o treaty_n at_o running-mead_n to_o grant_v they_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o their_o liberty_n and_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n ratify_v with_o his_o seal_n oath_n witness_n subscription_n the_o bishop_n excommunication_n and_o pope_n bull_n and_o then_o send_v his_o letter_n patent_n to_o all_o the_o county_n of_o england_n command_v the_o sheriff_n to_o swear_v all_o the_o man_n within_o their_o bailywick_n to_o observe_v the_o say_a law_n and_o liberty_n thus_o grant_v and_o ratify_v in_o the_o 17._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n in_o brief_a the_o charter_n of_o the_o truce_n between_o king_n john_n and_o king_n philip_n of_o france_n register_v in_o ſ_o 815._o hoveden_n be_v seal_v with_o his_o seal_n conclude_v thus_o qua_fw-la ut_fw-la perpetuum_fw-la robur_fw-la obtineant_fw-la prae_fw-la sentem_fw-la chartam_fw-la authoritate_fw-la sigilli_fw-la nostri_fw-la corrobora●●●_z anno_fw-la 1200._o mense_fw-la maii._n in_o this_o king_n reign_n the_o chancellor_n place_n through_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o seal_n become_v so_o gainful_a t_o chancellor_n that_o walter_n de_fw-fr gray_n afterward_o archbishop_n of_o york_n proffer_v the_o king_n 5000_o mark_n pro_fw-la habenda_fw-la cancellaria_fw-la which_o be_v then_o no_o court_n but_o the_o office_n of_o make_v and_o seal_v royal_a writ_n and_o charter_n domini_fw-la regis_fw-la tota_fw-la vita_fw-la sua_fw-la and_o pro_fw-la habenda_fw-la inde_fw-la charta_fw-la dom._n regis_fw-la which_o great_a place_n he_o then_o obtain_v or_o rather_o purchase_v by_o his_o money_n not_o merit_n king_n henry_n the_o three_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o u_o 591._o election_n rather_o than_o by_o descent_n when_o he_o be_v but_o nine_o year_n and_o some_o odd_a month_n old_a in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n ratify_v x_o itself_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n in_o parliament_n under_o his_o hand_n and_o seal_n with_o witness_n thereunto_o subscribe_v and_o command_v as_o many_o charter_n to_o be_v engross_v as_o there_o be_v county_n in_o england_n et_fw-la regio_fw-la sigillo_fw-la munitis_fw-la and_o ratify_v with_o the_o royal_a seal_n he_o send_v one_o of_o the_o great_a charter_n into_o every_o shire_n and_o one_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n into_o every_o county_n where_o there_o be_v forest_n to_o be_v there_o reserve_v but_o this_o unconstant_a king_n come_v to_o age_n within_o two_o year_n after_o y_o grafton_n in_o a_o parliament_n at_o oxford_n a_o fatal_a place_n for_o ill_a advice_n to_o our_o king_n through_o ill_a council_n to_o the_o great_a discontent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o commons_o annul_v the_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n declare_v it_o void_a as_o grant_v in_o his_o nonage_n when_o he_o have_v no_o power_n of_o himself_o nor_o of_o his_o seal_n and_o so_o of_o no_o validity_n and_o cause_v proclamation_n to_o be_v make_v that_o have_v the_o clergy_n and_o all_o other_o if_o they_o will_v enjoy_v those_o liberty_n shall_v renew_v their_o charter_n and_o have_v they_o confirm_v under_o his_o new_a seal_n which_o he_o have_v then_o cause_v to_o be_v make_v only_o by_o way_n of_o project_n to_o raise_v money_n as_o richard_n the_o first_o have_v do_v for_o which_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o pay_v not_o according_a to_o their_o ability_n but_o the_o will_n of_o the_o chief_a justice_n hugh_n de_fw-fr burgh_n to_o who_o be_v lay_v the_o charge_n of_o this_o mischief_n which_o procure_v he_o the_o general_a hate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o beget_v a_o new_a insurrection_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o who_o take_v up_o arm_n hereupon_o enforce_v the_o king_n to_o call_v a_o parliament_n and_o therein_o to_o new_a ratify_v those_o charter_n at_o his_o full_a age_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n all_o patent_n if_o not_o writ_n and_o commission_n too_o usual_o issue_v under_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a seal_n of_o which_o there_o be_v divers_a precedent_n extant_a in_o matthew_n paris_n and_o in_o the_o clause_n and_o patent_n roll_v of_o this_o king_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v refer_v you_o and_o such_o notice_n be_v then_o take_v of_o the_o dignity_n and_o necessity_n of_o the_o king_n seal_n to_o charter_n and_o writ_n that_o henry_n de_fw-fr bracton_n a_o famous_a lawyer_n in_o those_o day_n write_v express_o that_o it_o be_v no_o less_o than_o treason_n to_o counterfeit_v the_o king_n scale_n z_o 2._o est_fw-la et_fw-la aliud_fw-la genus_fw-la criminis_fw-la lesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la quod_fw-la inter_fw-la graviora_fw-la numeratur_fw-la quia_fw-la ultimum_fw-la inducit_fw-la supplicium_fw-la et_fw-la mortis_fw-la occasionem_fw-la scil_n

crimen_fw-la falsi_fw-la quod_fw-la in_fw-la quadam_fw-la sui_fw-la specie_fw-la tangit_fw-la coronam_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la vt_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la accusatus_fw-la fucrit_fw-la vel_fw-la convictus_fw-la falsificationis_fw-la sigilli_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la consignando_fw-la inde_fw-la chartas_n vel_fw-la brevia_fw-la writ_n than_o be_v seal_v with_o the_o king_n seal_n as_o well_o as_o patent_n and_o apponendo_fw-la signa_fw-la adulterina_fw-la quo_fw-la casu_fw-la si_fw-la inveniatur_fw-la inde_fw-la culpabilis_fw-la vel_fw-la seisitus_fw-la si_fw-la warrantum_fw-la non_fw-la habuerit_fw-la pro_fw-la voluntate_fw-la regis_fw-la judicium_fw-la sustinebit_fw-la how_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n be_v elect_v and_o the_o great_a seal_n dispose_v of_o by_o parliament_n in_o this_o king_n reign_n i_o have_v a_o 93._o elsewhere_o relate_v and_o shall_v touch_v again_o anon_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o proclaim_v king_n during_o his_o absence_n in_o the_o holy_a land_n his_o b_o 1._o lord_n and_o state_n without_o his_o privity_n make_v both_o a_o new_a great_a seal_n and_o chancellor_n to_o keep_v it_o 48._o with_o which_o in_o the_o 25_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o confirm_v the_o great_a charter_n and_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n in_o parliament_n and_o in_o another_o parliament_n in_o the_o 28_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o england_n and_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o every_o sheriff_n of_o england_n under_o the_o king_n great_a seal_n act_n to_o be_v read_v four_o several_a time_n in_o the_o year_n before_o the_o people_n in_o the_o full_a county_n and_o for_o these_o two_o charter_n to_o be_v firm_o observe_v in_o every_o point_n and_o article_n wherein_o no_o remedy_n be_v before_o at_o the_o common_a law_n there_o shall_v be_v choose_v in_o every_o shire_n court_n by_o the_o *_o parliament_n commonalty_n of_o the_o say_a shire_n three_o substantial_a knight_n or_o other_o lawful_a wise_a and_o well_o dispose_a person_n to_o be_v justice_n which_o shall_v be_v assign_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v without_o any_o other_o write_v but_o only_o their_o commission_n such_o plaint_n as_o shall_v be_v make_v against_o all_o those_o as_o commit_v or_o offend_v against_o any_o point_n contain_v in_o the_o foresay_a article_n in_o the_o shire_n where_o they_o be_v assign_v as_o well_o within_o franchise_n as_o without_o etc._n etc._n also_o e_o 2._o that_o all_o the_o king_n taker_n purveyor_n or_o rator_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v have_v their_o warrant_n with_o they_o under_o the_o king_n great_a or_o petty_a seal_n declare_v their_o authority_n and_o the_o thing_n whereof_o they_o have_v power_n to_o make_v price_n or_o purveyance_n the_o which_o warrant_v they_o shall_v show_v to_o they_o who_o good_n they_o take_v before_o that_o they_o take_v any_o thing_n and_o chap._n 6_o there_o shall_v no_o writ_n from_o henceforth_o that_o touch_v the_o common_a law_n go_v forth_o under_o any_o of_o the_o petty_a seal_n these_o be_v the_o first_o statute_n law_n extant_a prescribe_v that_o the_o king_n charter_n patent_n commission_n warrant_n writ_n shall_v issue_v forth_o under_o the_o great_a or_o petty_a seal_n though_o they_o do_v so_o usual_o before_o his_o reign_n rather_o through_o custom_n which_o creep_v in_o by_o little_a and_o little_a by_o degree_n from_o edward_n the_o confessor_n day_n unto_o this_o very_a parliament_n as_o the_o premise_n evidence_n till_o it_o get_v the_o reputation_n of_o a_o receive_v common_a law_n and_o usage_n and_o at_o last_o be_v thus_o establish_v as_o simple_o necessary_a by_o these_o present_a act_n which_o se●led_v the_o law_n in_o point_n of_o necessity_n of_o seal_v all_o writ_n charter_n patent_n with_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o add_v such_o majesty_n to_o the_o seal_n itself_o that_o britton_n a_o eminent_a judge_n and_o lawyer_n flourish_v in_o this_o king_n reign_n write_v his_o book_n as_o in_o this_o king_n name_n reso_fw-la ve_z express_o c._n 3._o f._n 10._o etc._n etc._n 8._o f._n 16._o that_o the_o *_o 15._o counterfeit_n of_o the_o king_n seal_n be_v high_a treason_n and_o that_o the_o justice_n ought_v to_o inquire_v concerning_o the_o falsifier_n of_o the_o seal_n not_o only_o whether_o any_o have_v actual_o connterfeit_v it_o but_o also_o whether_o any_o have_v hang_v any_o seal_n by_o a_o engyn_n to_o any_o charter_n without_o licence_n or_o have_v steal_v or_o take_v away_o any_o seal_n or_o otherwise_o find_v it_o have_v seal_a writ_n without_o other_o authority_n and_o chap._n 48._o exception_n aur_fw-it brefe_n f._n 122._o he_o write_v it_o be_v a_o good_a exception_n to_o abato_n a_o writ_n s●ule_fw-fr brete_n ne_fw-la fuit_fw-la unque_n enseale_v de_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr seal_n ou_fw-fr si_fw-fr le_fw-fr ordinance_n et_fw-fr le_fw-fr seal_n de_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr chancery_n we_o s●it_a point_n contenu_fw-fr and_o andrew_n horn_n another_o great_a lawyer_n live_v in_o or_o near_o this_o time_n in_o his_o my●rour_n of_o justice_n cap._n 3._o sect._n 6._o p._n 191._o among_o exception_n to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o judge_n enumerate_v this_o for_o one_o if_o the_o commission_n be_v not_o seal_v with_o the_o king_n great_a seal_n of_o the_o chancery_n car_n all_o privy_a seal_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr ou_fw-fr all_o sealed_n sealed_n l'_fw-fr exchequer_n ou_fw-fr autre_fw-fr seal_n forsque_fw-la solement_n all_o seal_n que_fw-fr est_fw-fr assign_v dée_fw-mi conud_a conud_a le_fw-fr cominalty_n del_fw-it peopl_fw-fr and_o nosmement_n en_fw-fr jurisdiction_n and_o bre_n original_n ne_fw-fr estoit_fw-fr a_fw-fr nul_fw-fr obeyer_n des_fw-fr letes_z and_o usage_n ●el_v royalme_a st_z non_fw-la solement_n pur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr du_fw-mi elle_fw-fr puira_fw-la ée_fw-fr viciouse_a pur_fw-mi le_fw-fr seal_n counterfoit_fw-fr ou_fw-fr anterment_n faux_fw-fr this_o falsify_n of_o the_o king_n seal_n to_o writ_n cap._n 1_o sect._n 6._o de_fw-la fansonners_n pag._n 28_o 29._o he_o make_v a_o crime_n next_o to_o high_a treason_n which_o forge_v he_o say_v may_v be_v indivers_a manner_n as_o where_o a_o writ_n be_v seal_v whereof_o the_o gross_a and_o matter_n or_o the_o form_n be_v not_o avowable_a by_o the_o king_n nor_o by_o the_o law_n nor_o by_o the_o right_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n if_o a_o man_n seal_n after_o that_o the_o chancellor_n or_o other_o keeper_n know_v that_o he_o have_v lose_v his_o warrant_n by_o death_n or_o any_o other_o manner_n when_o a_o writ_n or_o letter_n pass_v the_o seal_n against_o the_o king_n defence_n when_o man_n seal_v with_o counterfeit_a seal_n or_o seal_v by_o ill_a art_n or_o warrant_v not_o avowable_a and_o so_o it_o be_v falsehood_n in_o those_o who_o seal_n and_o have_v no_o authority_n and_o chap._n 4._o sect._n 2._o p._n 233._o thus_o *_o day_n our_o ancient_n ordain_v a_o seal_n and_o a_o chancellor_n for_o to_o keep_v it_o and_o to_o give_v remeliable_a writ_n to_o all_o person_n without_o delay_n then_o describe_v what_o manner_n of_o writ_n must_v issue_v he_o conclude_v thus_o and_o now_o may_v justice_n sheriff_n and_o their_o clark_n withdraw_v race_n amend_v and_o impair_v they_o without_o discern_v or_o pain_n for_o the_o writ_n that_o be_v make_v close_o to_o the_o abuse_n of_o right_a wherefore_o the_o seal_n only_a be_v the_o jurisdiction_n assignable_a to_o all_o plaintiff_n without_o difficulty_n and_o to_o do_v this_o the_o chancellor_n be_v chargeable_a by_o oath_n in_o allegiance_n of_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o king_n that_o he_o shall_v *_o 29._o neither_o deny_v nor_o delay_n to_o render_v right_a or_o a_o writ_n remediable_a to_o any_o one_o thus_o have_v i_o give_v you_o a_o brief_a historical_a and_o legal_a narration_n of_o the_o original_a growth_n progress_n use_v and_o necessity_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o make_v subscribe_v and_o seal_v charter_n patent_n writ_n with_o other_o instrument_n in_o our_o realm_n from_o king_n aethelbert_n first_o charter_n anno_fw-la 605._o till_o the_o end_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o reign_n when_o seal_n and_o *_o 6._o seal_v grow_v more_o common_a and_o our_o ordinary_a law-book_n which_o recite_v few_o or_o none_o of_o the_o premise_n begin_v to_o make_v mention_n of_o seal_n and_o seal_v of_o who_o autiquity_n kind_n and_o present_a use_n in_o point_n of_o law_n if_o any_o desire_v further_a satisfaction_n let_v they_o consult_v with_o polydor_n virgil_n de_fw-la inventoribus_fw-la rerum_fw-la lib._n 8._o cap._n 2._o henrici_fw-la spelmani_fw-la glossarium_fw-la title_n bulla_fw-la rastal_n exposition_n of_o the_o term_n of_o the_o law_n title_n faits_fw-fr sir_n edward_n cork_n institute_n on_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la pag._n 554_o 555_o 556._o his_o 11_o report_n f._n 92._o and_o ash_n table_n title_n seales_n it_o be_v not_o my_o intention_n to_o trouble_v the_o reader_n

8._o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o other_o act_n be_v not_o delay_v nor_o deny_v to_o any_o subject_n that_o desire_v or_o need_v it_o be_v the_o supreme_a court_n of_o justice_n to_o punish_v all_o offence_n neglect_n supply_v all_o defect_n in_o the_o high_a officer_n of_o justice_n therefore_o to_o provide_v a_o new_a broad_a seal_n and_o keeper_n of_o it_o since_o public_a justice_n be_v deny_v to_o most_o obstruct_v delay_v to_o all_o by_o the_o unlegall_a wilful_a absence_n of_o the_o old_a great_a seal_n and_o lord_n keeper_n from_o the_o parliament_n and_o court_n at_o westminster_n five_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n in_o point_n of_o honour_n trust_v duty_n more_o especial_o since_o their_o late_a protestation_n and_o covenant_n be_v bind_v universal_o to_o preserve_v their_o own_o just_a privilege_n right_n and_o liberty_n whereof_o these_o be_v indubitable_a one_o that_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n and_o keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n together_o with_o the_o seal_n itself_o remain_v in_o his_o custody_n ought_v always_o constant_o to_o attend_v the_o parliament_n and_o be_v present_a with_o it_o first_o x_o roll_v because_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n be_v always_o a_o necessary_a member_n of_o the_o vppor-house_n and_o the_o speaker_n of_o it_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o very_a office_n second_o because_o not_o only_o constant_a custom_n but_o y_o 10._o sundry_a act_n of_o parliament_n require_v the_o chancellor_n and_o keeper_n special_a presence_n in_o parliament_n in_o direct_a term_n three_o because_o the_o chancellor_n and_o great_a seal_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v necessary_o present_a in_o parliament_n be_v the_o only_a proper_a seal_n of_o this_o high_a court_n for_o divers_a public_a end_n 1._o to_o issue_v out_o writ_n z_o a._n of_o summons_n and_o new_a election_n for_o summon_v the_o member_n of_o both_o house_n as_o oft_o as_o there_o be_v need_n to_o keep_v the_o house_n complete_a 2._o to_o seal_v writ_n of_o a_o 65._o error_n bring_v in_o parliament_n 3._o to_o seal_v b_o 23._o writ_n of_o privilege_n for_o member_n of_o parliament_n or_o their_o menial_a servant_n when_o there_o be_v cause_n 4._o to_o issue_v and_o seal_v such_o c_o 271._o new_a writ_n as_o shall_v be_v devise_v in_o parliament_n upon_o new_a occasion_n 5._o to_o issue_v out_o and_o seal_v such_o d_o subsidy_n commission_n as_o shall_v be_v necessary_a upon_o public_a employment_n trial_n criminal_a or_o judicial_a tax_n or_o subsidy_n appoint_v in_o and_o by_o parliament_n 6._o to_o seal_v such_o e_o 3._o patent_n and_o charter_n of_o honour_n land_n privilege_n office_n and_o the_o like_a which_o shall_v be_v think_v meet_a to_o be_v grant_v in_o parliament_n as_o most_o old_a charter_n be_v 7._o to_o seal_v parliament_n pardon_n and_o all_o proclamation_n exemplification_n of_o private_a act_n of_o parliament_n and_o such_o act_n as_o be_v to_o be_v proclaim_v to_o such_o who_o require_v they_o 2_o h._n 5._o c._n 4._o 1_o r._n 2._o c._n 6._o 1_o h._n 7._o f._n 23._o 25._o coronc_fw-fr 49._o 33_o h._n 6._o 17._o parl._n 1._o 21_o e._n 4._o 56._o dyer_n 135._o cook_n l._n 8._o f._n 7._o 8._o 28._o 43_o e._n 3._o c._n 5._o 2_o h._n 5._o c._n 46._o 1_o h._n 6._o c._n 2._o 26_o e._n 3._o c._n 16._o ash_n table_n proclamation_n 39_o in_o all_o these_o respect_n with_o other_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n keeper_n and_o great_a seal_n presence_n be_v simple_o necessary_a in_o parliament_n where_o by_o law_n and_o custom_n they_o ever_o have_v be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v till_o this_o late_a precedent_n the_o house_n lawful_o may_v and_o in_o point_n both_o of_o honour_n and_o justice_n ought_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o their_o own_o undoubted_a privilege_n to_o constitute_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n and_o keeper_n of_o it_o if_o the_o old_a be_v not_o return_v to_o they_o speedy_o have_v be_v wilful_o above_o twelve_o month_n space_n withdraw_v detain_v from_o they_o on_o purpose_n to_o dissolve_v the_o parliament_n retard_v or_o frustrate_v all_o its_o proceed_n and_o stop_v the_o common_a course_n of_o justice_n contrary_a to_o all_o law_n and_o justice_n in_o few_o word_n this_o parliament_n without_o any_o exception_n of_o king_n courtier_n malignant_n or_o any_o other_o i_o have_v yet_o hear_v of_o have_v make_v a_o new_a master_n of_o the_o mint_n at_o least_o restore_v a_o old_a one_o to_o his_o place_n who_o be_v dispossess_v coin_a money_n and_o make_v new_a stamp_n for_o that_o purpose_n where_o the_o old_a be_v break_v or_o wear_v out_o without_o the_o king_n consent_n or_o any_o tax_n of_o treason_n or_o disloyalty_n therefore_o by_o the_o selfsame_a law_n and_o reason_n they_o may_v lawful_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n and_o lord_n keeper_n of_o it_o for_o the_o end_n aforesaid_a to_o supply_v the_o absence_n defect_n and_o prevent_v the_o gross_a abuse_n of_o the_o old_a without_o any_o treason_n or_o disloyalty_n the_o vote_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o together_o with_o their_o reason_n for_o the_o make_n of_o a_o new_a great_a seal_n of_o england_n present_v by_o they_o to_o the_o lord_n at_o a_o conference_n july_n 4._o and_o 5._o anno_fw-la 1643._o resolve_a upon_o the_o question_n june_n 14._o and_o 26._o 1._o that_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n ought_v to_o attend_v the_o parliament_n 2._o that_o the_o absence_n of_o it_o have_v be_v a_o cause_n of_o great_a mischief_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n 3._o that_o a_o remedy_n ought_v to_o be_v provide_v for_o these_o mischief_n 4._o that_o the_o proper_a remedy_n be_v by_o make_v a_o new_a great_a seal_n the_o mischief_n occasion_v by_o convey_v away_o the_o great_a seal_n from_o the_o parliament_n represent_v to_o the_o lord_n at_o a_o conference_n july_n 5._o 1643._o be_v these_o 1._o it_o be_v secret_o and_o unlawful_o carry_v away_o by_o the_o lord_n keeper_n contrary_a to_o the_o duty_n of_o his_o place_n who_o ought_v himself_o to_o have_v attend_v the_o parliament_n and_o not_o to_o have_v depart_v without_o leave_n nor_o shall_v have_v be_v suffer_v to_o convey_v away_o the_o great_a seal_n if_o his_o intention_n have_v be_v discover_v 2._o it_o have_v be_v since_o take_v away_o from_o he_o and_o put_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o other_o dangerous_a and_o ill_o affect_v person_n so_o as_o the_o lord_n keeper_n be_v send_v unto_o by_o the_o parliament_n for_o the_o seal_n of_o some_o writ_n return_v answer_v that_o he_o can_v not_o seal_v the_o same_o because_o he_o have_v not_o the_o seal_n in_o his_o keep_n 3._o those_o who_o have_v have_v the_o manage_n thereof_o have_v employ_v it_o to_o the_o hurt_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o kingdom_n sundry_a way_n by_o make_v new_a sheriff_n in_o a_o unusual_a and_o unlawful_a manner_n to_o be_v as_o so_o many_o general_n or_o commander_n of_o force_n raise_v against_o the_o parliament_n by_o issue_v out_o illegal_a commission_n of_o array_n with_o other_o unlawful_a commission_n for_o the_o same_o purpose_n by_o send_v forth_o proclamation_n against_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n and_o several_a member_n thereof_o proclaim_v they_o traitor_n against_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o law_n of_o the_o land_n by_o seal_v commission_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n to_o proceed_v against_o they_o and_o other_o of_o his_o majesty_n good_a subject_n adhere_v to_o the_o parliament_n as_o traitor_n by_o send_v commission_n into_o ireland_n to_o treat_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o rebel_n there_o contrary_a to_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v this_o session_n beside_o divers_a other_o dangerous_a and_o illegal_a act_n have_v be_v pass_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n since_o it_o be_v secret_o convey_v away_o from_o the_o parliament_n whereby_o great_a calamity_n and_o mischief_n have_v ensue_v to_o the_o kingdom_n prejudice_n the_o mischief_n proceed_v through_o want_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n 1._o the_o term_n have_v be_v adjourn_v the_o course_n of_o justice_n obstruct_v 2._o no_o original_a writ_n can_v be_v sue_v forth_o without_o go_v to_o oxford_n which_o none_o who_o hold_v with_o the_o parliament_n can_v do_v without_o peril_n of_o his_o life_n or_o liberty_n 3._o proclamation_n in_o parliament_n can_v issue_v out_o for_o bring_v in_o delinquent_n impeach_v of_o high-treason_n or_o other_o crime_n under_o pain_n of_o forfeit_v their_o estate_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a course_n 4._o no_o writ_n of_o error_n can_v be_v bring_v in_o parliament_n to_o reverse_v erroneous_a judgement_n nor_o writ_n or_o election_n sue_v out_o for_o choose_v new_a member_n upon_o death_n or_o removal_n of_o any_o whereby_o the_o number_n of_o the_o member_n be_v much_o lessen_v and_o the_o house_n in_o time_n like_a to_o be_v dissolve_v if_o speedy_a supply_n be_v not_o have_v contrary_a to_o the_o very_a