these_o counsel_n or_o the_o king_n and_o his_o parliament_n be_v interrupt_v this_o be_v not_o do_v to_o make_v such_o a_o high_a crime_n of_o this_o i_o do_v not_o understand_v i_o will_v not_o be_v think_v to_o speak_v any_o thing_n to_o justify_v that_o which_o be_v real_o a_o crime_n but_o this_o be_v that_o i_o say_v it_o be_v not_o in_o law_n unlawful_a for_o we_o to_o petition_v the_o king_n or_o address_v to_o he_o but_o my_o lord_n to_o take_v off_o the_o edge_n of_o this_o business_n i_o shall_v beg_v leave_n to_o read_v to_o your_o lordship_n a_o speech_n of_o the_o king_n make_v the_o 6_o of_o march_n follow_v and_o therein_o there_o be_v these_o word_n the_o further_a prosecution_n of_o the_o plot._n my_o lord_n let_v any_o man_n read_v and_o spell_n and_o see_v how_o in_o substance_n the_o word_n in_o our_o petition_n differ_v from_o the_o word_n of_o the_o king_n make_v those_o law_n necessary_a for_o the_o security_n of_o himself_o and_o the_o kingdom_n and_o this_o 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put_v in_o that_o it_o be_v ea_fw-la intention_n there_o be_v the_o sting_n of_o the_o business_n to_o put_v in_o those_o word_n to_o make_v that_o which_o we_o may_v lawful_o speak_v of_o itself_o to_o be_v a_o offence_n but_o true_o that_o signify_v just_a nothing_o it_o can_v never_o hurt_v a_o thing_n that_o be_v true_a it_o have_v great_a authority_n in_o it_o if_o it_o be_v apply_v to_o a_o thing_n that_o be_v unlawful_a but_o if_o in_o substance_n it_o be_v true_a and_o the_o thing_n itself_o justifiable_a those_o word_n make_v nothing_o in_o the_o case_n and_o i_o think_v i_o need_v not_o argue_v that_o point_n but_o refer_v myself_o to_o the_o great_a case_n that_o be_v in_o westminster-hall_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reversal_n of_o the_o judgement_n give_v in_o this_o court_n against_o my_o lord_n hollis_n which_o be_v a_o reversal_n in_o parliament_n and_o be_v print_v and_o the_o last_o impression_n of_o mr._n justice_n coke_n report_n by_o order_n of_o parliament_n and_o 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be_v do_v seditious_o or_o not_o if_o not_o then_o there_o be_v no_o sufficient_a assignment_n of_o a_o cause_n of_o forfeiture_n if_o it_o be_v then_o it_o be_v a_o crime_n for_o which_o the_o offender_n be_v indictable_a and_o that_o i_o say_v be_v absolute_o impossible_a for_o a_o corporation_n to_o be_v guilty_a of_o and_o here_o i_o will_v throw_v in_o also_o that_o business_n of_o the_o toll_n and_o i_o will_v for_o argument_n sake_n admit_v the_o take_n of_o a_o wrongful_a toll_n to_o be_v robbery_n and_o then_o let_v the_o argument_n go_v on_o i_o have_v hear_v it_o say_v within_o the_o bar_n occasional_o that_o a_o corporation_n be_v entrust_v with_o the_o government_n and_o that_o they_o may_v commit_v treason_n and_o raise_v sedition_n as_o mr._n solicitor_n have_v say_v i_o suppose_v it_o must_v be_v under_o their_o great_a seal_n but_o i_o confess_v i_o believe_v it_o be_v rather_o speak_v to_o amuse_v than_o to_o satisfy_v but_o i_o real_o think_v it_o be_v no_o ill_a 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person_n do_v and_o then_o the_o mayor_n as_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n have_v another_o capacity_n to_o their_o common_a use_n and_o profit_n and_o that_o be_v but_o a_o name_n a_o ens_fw-la rationis_fw-la a_o thing_n that_o can_v be_v see_v and_o be_v no_o substance_n and_o for_o this_o name_n or_o corporation_n it_o be_v impossible_a they_o can_v do_v or_o suffer_v any_o wrong_n as_o to_o beat_v or_o be_v beat_v as_o such_o a_o body_n but_o the_o wrong_n be_v make_v to_o every_o member_n of_o the_o body_n as_o to_o his_o own_o proper_a person_n and_o not_o as_o to_o the_o name_n of_o corporation_n nor_o can_v the_o corporation_n do_v a_o personal_a wrong_n to_o another_o nor_o can_v they_o commit_v treason_n nor_o felony_n as_o to_o the_o corporation_n nor_o against_o any_o other_o person_n and_o if_o a_o writ_n of_o debt_n be_v bring_v against_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n or_o other_o such_o body_n upon_o a_o obligation_n and_o they_o plead_v it_o be_v not_o their_o deed_n 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other_o crime_n but_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v above_o any_o authority_n suppose_v that_o they_o under_o their_o common_a seal_n shall_v commit_v treason_n and_o you_o bring_v a_o indictment_n of_o treason_n against_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n what_o judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v against_o they_o in_o their_o corporate_a capacity_n what_o it_o shall_v be_v that_o suspendatur_fw-la per_fw-la collum_fw-la corpus_fw-la politicum_fw-la and_o then_o what_o execution_n shall_v be_v do_v upon_o that_o sentence_n what_o must_v they_o hang_v up_o the_o common_a seal_n nothing_o else_o you_o can_v do_v can_v affect_v they_o but_o in_o their_o private_a capacity_n there_o they_o may_v be_v punish_v as_o single_a person_n a_o penal_a statute_n say_v that_o he_o or_o she_o that_o offend_v against_o the_o law_n shall_v forfeit_v so_o much_o or_o incur_v such_o a_o penalty_n be_v a_o corporation_n male_a or_o female_a that_o it_o shall_v come_v under_o such_o a_o provision_n but_o the_o real_a reason_n of_o the_o law_n be_v this_o it_o be_v a_o civil_a be_v it_o be_v ens_fw-la civil_a it_o be_v corpus_fw-la politicum_fw-la it_o have_v civil_a quality_n but_o it_o have_v no_o moral_a quality_n and_o all_o offence_n consist_v in_o the_o immorality_n of_o they_o and_o there_o must_v be_v malice_n to_o make_v that_o immorality_n no_o word_n or_o act_n be_v treason_n or_o felony_n unless_o there_o be_v a_o traitorous_a mind_n or_o a_o felonious_a mind_n and_o therefore_o a_o madman_n can_v be_v guilty_a of_o treason_n or_o felony_n serjeant_n ______o bring_v a_o action_n for_o these_o word_n that_o he_o have_v speak_v treason_n it_o be_v move_v in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o this_o can_v be_v actionable_a for_o he_o may_v speak_v treason_n in_o put_v a_o case_n ay_o that_o be_v well_o say_v they_o if_o it_o can_v be_v understand_v so_o but_o we_o must_v intend_v it_o that_o he_o speak_v treason_n as_o his_o own_o word_n ex_fw-la cord_n svo_fw-la which_o make_v it_o treason_n for_o treason_n consist_v in_o the_o immorality_n of_o the_o mind_n another_o reason_n be_v what_o pigot_n say_v as_o i_o say_v before_o that_o a_o corporation_n be_v but_o a_o name_n a_o ens_fw-la rationis_fw-la a_o thing_n that_o can_v see_v or_o be_v see_v and_o indeed_o be_v no_o substance_n nor_o can_v do_v or_o suffer_v wrong_a nor_o any_o thing_n where_o a_o corporal_a appearance_n be_v requisite_a what_o my_o lord_n dyer_n say_v in_o moor_n 68_o that_o he_o never_o see_v be_v i_o believe_v true_a in_o general_n that_o no_o man_n ever_o do_v see_v that_o a_o corporation_n can_v be_v bind_v in_o a_o recognizance_n or_o statute_n merchant_n and_o why_o because_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v in_o person_n and_o so_o in_o this_o case_n the_o gild_n follow_v the_o person_n but_o can_v a_o mere_a capacity_n in_o all_o crime_n the_o offender_n must_v appear_v in_o person_n and_o plead_v in_o person_n and_o suffer_v in_o person_n but_o you_o can_v never_o bring_v the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n into_o goal_n to_o appear_v and_o plead_v to_o a_o indictment_n to_o receive_v a_o judgement_n or_o suffer_v execution_n can_v a_o body_n politic_n that_o be_v invisible_a appear_v in_o person_n obj._n but_o then_o there_o be_v this_o great_a objection_n by_o this_o mean_n they_o say_v if_o there_o be_v no_o punish_v of_o they_o there_o be_v no_o government_n and_o they_o may_v commit_v treason_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n they_o may_v raise_v army_n and_o instigate_v a_o rebellion_n and_o all_o with_o impunity_n sol._n my_o lord_n i_o say_v no_o and_o i_o give_v two_o answer_n to_o it_o that_o be_v not_o to_o be_v reply_v to_o and_o the_o first_o be_v this_o 1._o all_o these_o person_n that_o be_v meet_v together_o though_o they_o be_v meet_v corporaliter_fw-la in_o their_o corporate_a capacity_n â—â—r_a the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n at_o that_o time_n yet_o when_o they_o go_v out_o of_o their_o corporate_a business_n and_o commit_v treason_n or_o felony_n the_o crime_n do_v not_o egredi_fw-la personas_fw-la every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v a_o traitor_n or_o a_o felon_n and_o notwithstanding_o they_o appear_v there_o under_o the_o pretence_n of_o a_o corporation_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o liable_a in_o their_o private_a several_a capacity_n every_o one_o of_o they_o must_v be_v indict_v personal_o and_o suffer_v personal_o for_o when_o they_o go_v about_o to_o do_v such_o a_o thing_n it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o business_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o they_o must_v answer_v for_o their_o own_o particular_a offence_n but_o 2._o i_o have_v another_o answer_n to_o give_v to_o it_o this_o objection_n be_v to_o be_v retort_v on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o if_o a_o
defendant_n or_o plaintiff_n in_o any_o court_n my_o lord_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o all_o the_o other_o act_n that_o have_v go_v in_o confirmation_n of_o it_o show_v the_o great_a care_n of_o the_o government_n in_o all_o age_n to_o preserve_v the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o i_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o so_o many_o declaration_n of_o the_o immortality_n of_o it_o and_o all_o other_o corporation_n i_o shall_v use_v a_o strange_a argument_n perhaps_o at_o first_o hear_v but_o it_o be_v to_o i_o a_o great_a evidence_n for_o we_o that_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la do_v not_o confirm_v our_o be_v but_o our_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n it_o say_v that_o the_o city_n of_o london_n shall_v have_v all_o its_o liberty_n it_o confirm_v its_o léet_n its_o market_n and_o all_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v it_o confirm_v all_o that_o it_o have_v it_o have_v not_o save_v indeed_o if_o a_o corporation_n indeed_o be_v build_v upon_o a_o corporation_n but_o that_o particular_a liberty_n may_v be_v destroy_v as_o that_o of_o bridewell_n and_o the_o like_a but_o it_o do_v more_o than_o confirm_v its_o be_v for_o it_o do_v implicit_o declare_v that_o that_o be_v impossible_a to_o be_v forfeit_v they_o confirm_v what_o need_v confirmation_n but_o for_o their_o be_v there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o that_o it_o only_o confirm_v the_o supervenient_a liberty_n with_o out_o which_o it_o may_v be_v a_o corporation_n but_o as_o to_o its_o be_v it_o meddle_v not_o with_o that_o and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o it_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a thing_n that_o we_o shall_v have_v so_o many_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o give_v such_o particular_a power_n to_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n of_o london_n and_o scarce_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o relate_v to_o the_o public_a but_o london_n be_v mention_v and_o take_v care_n of_o in_o it_o be_v not_o all_o these_o declaration_n that_o london_n shall_v stand_v for_o ever_o will_v not_o any_o one_o have_v say_v else_o pray_v what_o do_v you_o 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vast_a inheritance_n depend_v upon_o they_o and_o i_o think_v the_o king_n and_o the_o government_n or_o those_o you_o call_v so_o be_v more_o concern_v to_o preserve_v london_n than_o all_o the_o person_n that_o be_v in_o it_o i_o will_v not_o speak_v it_o in_o this_o place_n by_o way_n of_o argument_n for_o my_o client_n but_o i_o think_v i_o can_v maintain_v it_o in_o all_o place_n only_o i_o hope_v and_o believe_v i_o shall_v have_v no_o need_n for_o it_o my_o lord_n all_o innovation_n as_o this_o must_v certain_o be_v a_o very_a great_a one_o be_v dangerous_a this_o frame_n of_o government_n have_v last_v and_o be_v preserve_v for_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n and_o i_o hope_v will_v do_v so_o as_o long_o as_o the_o world_n last_v my_o lord_n i_o need_v your_o patience_n but_o i_o have_v just_o do_v here_o be_v a_o charge_n that_o be_v very_o little_a indeed_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o but_o the_o great_a consequence_n be_v fit_a to_o be_v meditate_a on_o then_o speak_v of_o and_o therefore_o for_o these_o reason_n i_o do_v pray_v that_o these_o liberty_n may_v be_v adjudge_v to_o we_o and_o we_o may_v be_v dismiss_v out_o of_o this_o court_n termino_fw-la paschae_fw-la next_o ensue_v mr._n justice_n dolben_n be_v discharge_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o term_n and_o sir_n francis_n withens_n in_o his_o place_n sir_n robert_n sawyer_n attorney_n general_n for_o the_o king_n i._o this_o information_n be_v not_o bring_v for_o the_o take_v away_o or_o destroy_v the_o corporation_n for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o there_o be_v in_o it_o the_o word_n et_fw-la penitus_fw-la excludatur_fw-la yet_o that_o be_v but_o form_n the_o intention_n be_v only_o to_o prune_v and_o take_v away_o the_o excess_n and_o abuse_n and_o therefore_o no_o danger_n of_o fall_v into_o such_o inconvenience_n as_o suggest_v on_o the_o other_o side_n in_o roll_n abr._n tit._n prerog_n 204._o it_o appear_v by_o petition_n in_o parliament_n that_o london_n and_o norwich_n and_o other_o city_n have_v have_v their_o liberty_n seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n for_o some_o abuse_n and_o miscarriage_n in_o the_o city_n and_o sometime_o restitution_n grant_v other_o time_n refuse_v and_o answer_v that_o they_o be_v in_o good_a condition_n these_o petition_n be_v 13._o &_o 18._o e._n 1._o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n be_v not_o intend_v to_o be_v destroy_v but_o preserve_v and_o maintain_v and_o this_o suit_n design_v to_o that_o end_n ii_o that_o this_o information_n bring_v against_o the_o corporation_n by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n be_v good_a and_o well_o bring_v what_o be_v allege_v against_o it_o out_o of_o my_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hales_n his_o book_n be_v not_o any_o opinion_n but_o a_o nota_fw-la upon_o the_o case_n of_o cusack_n and_o in_o the_o case_n of_o cusack_n the_o judgement_n be_v against_o the_o particular_a person_n name_v &_o alios_fw-la cives_fw-la although_o not_o name_v but_o further_a it_o be_v not_o necessary_o intend_v that_o though_o they_o be_v sue_v by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n that_o they_o be_v sue_v as_o a_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_n for_o by_o those_o word_n the_o citizen_n and_o inhabitant_n be_v comprehend_v and_o express_v and_o a_o information_n lie_v well_o against_o inhabitant_n or_o citizen_n without_o name_v any_o person_n by_o particular_a name_n and_o there_o be_v divers_a precedent_n of_o quo_n warranto_n so_o bring_v mich._n 27._o eliz._n c._n entry_n 537._o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la contra_fw-la inhabitant_n burgi_n de_fw-fr denbeigh_n quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v a_o court_n of_o record_n and_o other_o privilege_n mich._n 15._o car._n i._o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o corporation_n of_o chard_n by_o 2_o car._n i._o the_o like_a name_n of_o the_o corporation_n against_o canterbury_n but_o it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o these_o case_n be_v no_o proceed_n to_o judgement_n but_o trin._n 6._o jac._n quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o corporation_n of_o new_a malton_n and_o thereupon_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o the_o corporation_n iii_o next_o that_o the_o replication_n allege_v forfeiture_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o information_n for_o though_o the_o forfeiture_n shall_v determine_v the_o franchise_n yet_o it_o remain_v not_o vest_v in_o the_o king_n until_o the_o forfeiture_n appear_v upon_o record_n by_o office_n or_o inquisition_n find_v it_o or_o by_o judgement_n upon_o information_n and_o therefore_o this_o information_n well_o bring_v against_o the_o corporation_n iv_o that_o a_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a may_v be_v forfeit_v be_v beyond_o all_o doubt_n a_o corporation_n be_v a_o visible_a body_n of_o man_n and_o every_o of_o the_o member_n thereof_o have_v a_o fréehold_n in_o it_o sir_n james_n baggs_n case_n co._n rep._n 11._o co._n rep._n 10._o 14._o that_o all_o their_o act_n be_v perform_v by_o natural_a person_n that_o all_o corporation_n derive_v their_o commencement_n from_o the_o king_n grant_n 49_o e._n 3._o 3_o br._n corporation_n 34._o and_o be_v erect_v for_o better_a government_n either_o of_o person_n inhabit_v within_o such_o a_o township_n or_o place_n or_o that_o be_v of_o such_o a_o trade_n or_o mystery_n 1_o inst_z and_o the_o book_n cite_v to_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v a_o capacity_n do_v not_o prove_v it_o not_o to_o be_v a_o franchise_n or_o liberty_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a all_o book_n that_o speak_v of_o it_o agree_v it_o to_o be_v a_o franchise_n privilege_n and_o liberty_n which_o the_o person_n incorporate_v have_v by_o the_o name_n of_o their_o corporation_n if_o then_o a_o franchise_n or_o liberty_n than_o nothing_o more_o common_a and_o certain_a that_o franchise_n or_o liberty_n abuse_v be_v thereby_o forfeit_v 1_o inst_z
that_o opinion_n in_o law_n so_o the_o mischief_n will_v be_v great_a if_o the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o for_o first_o that_o no_o corporation_n have_v any_o other_o creation_n than_o other_o franchise_n have_v it_o be_v undoubted_o true_a that_o the_o king_n be_v the_o original_a and_o commencement_n of_o all_o franchise_n they_o have_v their_o beginning_n from_o he_o the_o book_n be_v clear_a and_o full_a in_o it_o i_o need_v not_o quote_v they_o though_o there_o be_v many_o kelway_n 138._o 17_o ed._n 2._o 530._o in_o the_o report_n of_o those_o time_n set_v forth_o by_o mr._n serjeant_n maynard_n now_o my_o lord_n there_o can_v be_v no_o corporation_n but_o by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n for_o even_o the_o prescription_n do_v suppose_v there_o be_v the_o king_n patent_n to_o create_v it_o at_o first_o and_o therefore_o the_o proper_a inquiry_n will_v be_v about_o the_o second_o thing_n ii_o how_o far_o the_o breach_n of_o trust_n that_o be_v annex_v to_o a_o franchise_n be_v a_o 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misuse_v it_o so_o the_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n case_n 8_o hen._n 4.18_o the_o king_n seize_v the_o franchise_n into_o his_o hand_n because_o the_o abbot_n who_o have_v the_o goal_n will_v not_o give_v pledge_n to_o make_v deliverance_n and_o for_o detain_v his_o prisoner_n a_o long_a time_n without_o make_v a_o lawful_a deliverance_n and_o so_o 20_o ed._n 4._o 6._o the_o abbot_n of_o crowland_n case_n for_o detain_v prisoner_n acquit_v after_o fee_n pay_v the_o king_n seize_v the_o goal_n for_o ever_o these_o two_o be_v cite_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n 2_o inst_z 43._o and_o in_o sir_n george_n reynel_n case_n 9_o report_n fitzherberts_n abridgement_n titl_n '_o coron_n '_o placit_fw-la '_o 233._o a_o layman_n be_v take_v in_o a_o robbery_n the_o ordinary_a challenge_n he_o as_o a_o clerk_n whereas_o he_o be_v a_o layman_n it_o be_v rule_v that_o for_o his_o false_a challenge_n the_o ordinary_n shall_v lose_v his_o temporality_n to_o the_o king_n and_o lose_v his_o franchise_n to_o challenge_v clerk_n for_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n for_o ever_o thus_o far_o be_v plain_a that_o franchise_n if_o misuse_v be_v forfeit_v and_o that_o though_o enjoy_v by_o person_n in_o a_o corporate_a capacity_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o case_n put_v and_o then_o as_o a_o corporation_n may_v forfeit_v any_o franchise_n they_o be_v seize_v of_o in_o right_a of_o the_o corporation_n so_o may_v a_o corporation_n forfeit_v the_o franchise_n of_o the_o corporation_n itself_o upon_o the_o same_o ground_n and_o reason_n in_o law_n unless_o any_o one_o will_v say_v the_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o corporation_n can_v be_v misuse_v and_o that_o will_v be_v a_o very_a strange_a matter_n to_o assert_v every_o corporation_n be_v entrust_v with_o a_o franchise_n to_o make_v law_n for_o govern_v the_o subject_a within_o its_o jurisdiction_n if_o that_o power_n be_v exercise_v to_o the_o subject_n prejudice_n as_o it_o may_v be_v it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n if_o there_o be_v no_o law_n to_o redress_v that_o grievance_n suppose_v a_o corporation_n under_o their_o common_a seal_n shall_v authorise_v a_o rebellion_n will_v any_o man_n say_v that_o be_v no_o forfeiture_n it_o be_v say_v indeed_o by_o pigott_n 21_o ed._n 4._o f._n 13._o arguendo_fw-la upon_o a_o case_n where_o the_o question_n be_v whether_o a_o corporation_n shall_v avoid_v a_o bond_n enter_v into_o by_o the_o mayor_n by_o duress_n that_o a_o corporation_n can_v neither_o commit_v treason_n or_o felony_n but_o upon_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o he_o urge_v that_o a_o corporation_n can_v act_v at_o all_o that_o be_v abstract_o from_o all_o the_o member_n of_o it_o for_o so_o this_o notion_n be_v that_o a_o corporation_n be_v a_o body_n in_o consideration_n of_o law_n only_o and_o not_o reality_n and_o therefore_o the_o particular_a act_n even_o of_o the_o head_n of_o that_o body_n shall_v affect_v he_o personal_o only_o but_o this_o be_v only_o a_o notion_n of_o his_o argue_v but_o it_o be_v the_o best_a opinion_n of_o that_o book_n that_o duress_n to_o the_o member_n do_v so_o affect_v the_o corporation_n that_o it_o shall_v avoid_v the_o bond._n now_o my_o lord_n a_o corporation_n may_v be_v surrender_v and_o sure_o that_o that_o may_v be_v surrender_v may_v be_v forfeit_v and_o i_o shall_v offer_v you_o some_o authority_n in_o this_o case_n 12_o e._n 3._o rot_n clau_n memb_v 36._o a_o writ_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o constable_n of_o dover_n recite_v that_o the_o cinque-port_n have_v seize_v divers_a good_n of_o several_a merchant_n stranger_n portuguese_n and_o other_o and_o the_o writ_n command_v that_o right_o shall_v be_v do_v or_o else_o the_o franchise_n shall_v be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n 6_o ed._n 2._o rot_n clau_n no._n 5._o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n of_o bristol_n be_v seize_v and_o the_o custody_n of_o it_o grant_v to_o ______o for_o divers_a contempt_n and_o injury_n do_v per_fw-la majorem_fw-la ballivos_fw-la &_o communitat_fw-la '_o to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o the_o close_a roll_n of_o r._n 2._o m._n 6._o there_o be_v another_o case_n that_o come_v further_a pasch_fw-mi 9_o ed._n 1._o majus_n rot_v 25._o i_o find_v it_o likewise_o among_o my_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hales_n collection_n that_o he_o have_v give_v to_o lincolns-inn_n library_n i_o take_v it_o out_o of_o that_o book_n it_o be_v in_o the_o collection_n of_o the_o adjudicata_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 1._o fol._n 28._o a._n thus_o it_o be_v there_o be_v the_o abbot_n of_o st._n austin_n in_o canterbury_n have_v make_v a_o agreement_n with_o the_o man_n of_o sandwick_n about_o pay_v ten_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n yearly_a to_o the_o abbot_n and_o there_o be_v due_a to_o the_o abbot_n some_o thirty_o mark_n and_o he_o have_v judgement_n and_o execution_n go_v out_o and_o thus_o it_o be_v in_o the_o book_n vic._n de_fw-mi mandatur_fw-la quod_fw-la levari_fw-la fac_fw-la '_o 30_o marcas_fw-la de_fw-la bonis_fw-la ipsius_fw-la ad_fw-la opus_fw-la abbatis_fw-la pro_fw-la pretio_fw-la 10_o doleorum_fw-la vini_n annuatim_fw-la solvend_fw-mi '_o and_o they_o make_v rescue_v when_o the_o sheriff_n come_v to_o execute_v the_o writ_n and_o they_o be_v sue_v for_o that_o and_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n which_o be_v by_o parliament_n for_o it_o be_v adjourn_v into_o parliament_n be_v quod_fw-la libertas_n de_fw-fr sandwick_n sorisfact_n '_o sit_v and_o there_o be_v this_o observation_n though_o it_o be_v write_v with_o the_o same_o hand_n which_o be_v not_o he_o but_o the_o clerk_n that_o transcribe_v it_o judicium_fw-la illud_fw-la extendit_fw-la contra_fw-la barones_n 5_o portuum_fw-la &_o eorum_fw-la libertates_fw-la ut_fw-la mihi_fw-la videtur_fw-la these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o that_o book_n and_o this_o will_v go_v a_o great_a way_n with_o the_o city_n of_o london_n as_o to_o their_o confirmation_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la for_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n be_v confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o well_o as_o they_o but_o my_o lord_n there_o be_v many_o case_n of_o like_a nature_n and_o that_o even_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n too_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o by_o and_o by_o now_o though_o these_o be_v not_o judgement_n in_o quo_n warranto_n to_o out_o a_o corporation_n of_o a_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o corporation_n yet_o it_o show_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v forfeiture_n of_o all_o the_o franchise_n of_o a_o corporation_n for_o a_o seizure_n be_v never_o but_o where_o there_o be_v matter_n of_o forfeiture_n find_v upon_o record_n as_o in_o sir_n george_n reynel_n case_n or_o to_o ground_v a_o forfeiture_n upon_o which_o to_o bring_v a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la as_o in_o our_o case_n but_o in_o the_o case_n of_o 9_o ed._n 1._o there_o it_o do_v appear_v judgement_n be_v give_v by_o the_o parliament_n that_o the_o liberty_n
shall_v be_v forfeit_v not_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n only_o now_o my_o lord_n where_o all_o the_o franchise_n of_o a_o corporation_n be_v forfeit_v what_o be_v the_o corporation_n true_o it_o be_v nothing_o it_o be_v but_o a_o name_n a_o corporation_n without_o a_o power_n to_o act_v be_v nothing_o at_o all_o indeed_o i_o do_v not_o find_v any_o judgement_n in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la of_o a_o corporation_n be_v forfeit_v yet_o my_o lord_n it_o do_v not_o follow_v from_o thence_o that_o this_o can_v be_v by_o law_n for_o many_o quo_fw-la warranto_n have_v be_v bring_v against_o london_n and_o other_o place_n too_o to_o out_o corporation_n of_o their_o franchise_n but_o it_o have_v always_o end_v in_o submission_n to_o the_o king_n and_o so_o they_o have_v be_v at_o quiet_a all_o the_o quo_n warranto_n in_o mr._n attorney_n palmer_n time_n after_o the_o king_n restauration_n against_o the_o several_a corporation_n they_o all_o submit_v and_o yet_o that_o be_v to_o question_v the_o very_a be_v of_o their_o corporation_n now_o my_o lord_n pray_v consider_v a_o little_a upon_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n it_o shall_v seem_v very_o strange_a if_o a_o corporation_n shall_v neglect_v to_o come_v into_o eyre_n or_o into_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o same_o term_n that_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v against_o they_o they_o must_v be_v out_v of_o their_o franchise_n for_o ever_o as_o it_o be_v say_v 15_o ed._n 4._o 6_o &_o 7._o and_o yet_o when_o all_o the_o contempt_n and_o opposition_n imaginable_a be_v find_v upon_o record_n that_o this_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n that_o seem_v absurd_a that_o a_o neglect_v in_o eyre_n shall_v do_v it_o but_o all_o the_o oppression_n and_o offence_n in_o the_o world_n when_o find_v upon_o record_n shall_v not_o do_v it_o but_o my_o lord_n the_o mischief_n that_o will_v follow_v from_o hence_o be_v very_o great_a how_o many_o oppression_n and_o offence_n will_v be_v daily_o commit_v if_o every_o corporation_n be_v a_o franchise_n and_o jurisdiction_n independent_a upon_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o punishment_n true_o of_o some_o particular_a man_n for_o those_o offence_n will_v not_o be_v adequate_a where_o the_o power_n of_o offend_v and_o misgovern_v shall_v still_o remain_v sure_o that_o be_v no_o adequate_a redress_n of_o such_o a_o inconvenience_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n my_o lord_n i_o shall_v humble_o offer_v a_o case_n and_o it_o be_v that_o great_a case_n between_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o hereford_n hill_n '_o 20._o ed._n 1._o in_o b._n r._n rot_v wallie_n 14._o it_o be_v likewise_o in_o riley_n placita_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la 83_o 86._o the_o case_n be_v this_o in_o short_a they_o both_o claim_v the_o liberty_n of_o returna_fw-la brevium_fw-la and_o they_o have_v incur_v great_a contempt_n in_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o king_n writ_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v against_o they_o that_o the_o liberty_n shall_v be_v seize_v for_o this_o reason_n which_o i_o think_v will_v go_v a_o great_a way_n in_o this_o case_n and_o for_o which_o i_o offer_v it_o quia_fw-la puniendus_fw-la est_fw-la dominus_fw-la libertatis_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la quo_fw-la deliquit_fw-la i_o think_v my_o lord_n as_o i_o say_v that_o will_v go_v a_o great_a way_n in_o this_o case_n to_o show_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n my_o lord_n if_o the_o grant_n of_o too_o many_o and_o too_o large_a franchise_n be_v a_o mischief_n as_o certain_o it_o be_v by_o law_n and_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o commons_o petition_n 21_o ed._n 3._o rot_n parl._n no._n 17._o where_o they_o pray_v that_o new_a and_o large_a franchise_n may_v not_o be_v grant_v because_o it_o tend_v to_o the_o overthrow_v the_o common_a law_n and_o great_a oppression_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o king_n answer_n be_v that_o care_n shall_v be_v take_v for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v i_o say_v then_o if_o this_o be_v such_o a_o mischief_n that_o there_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v grant_v new_a and_o large_a franchise_n much_o more_o will_v it_o be_v a_o mischief_n if_o these_o franchise_n shall_v not_o be_v under_o the_o control_n of_o the_o law_n when_o they_o exercise_v such_o oppression_n and_o so_o my_o lord_n i_o shall_v leave_v that_o point_n for_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v pretty_a clear_a that_o a_o corporation_n may_v forfeit_v their_o be_v of_o a_o corporation_n 2._o i_o shall_v next_o than_o consider_v whether_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v in_o any_o other_o plight_n than_o any_o other_o corporation_n i_o think_v true_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n at_o all_o now_o this_o question_n do_v depend_v upon_o what_o they_o have_v set_v forth_o by_o their_o plea_n and_o that_o be_v the_o confirmation_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 9_o civitas_n london_n habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la svas_fw-la antiquas_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la and_o then_o their_o act_n of_o 1_o e._n 3._o upon_o which_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o his_o 4_o inst_z 253._o say_v that_o the_o franchise_n of_o this_o city_n shall_v not_o for_o any_o cause_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o then_o they_o of_o 7_o r._n 2._o which_o say_v that_o the_o city_n shall_v enjoy_v its_o whole_a liberty_n licet_fw-la usi_fw-la vel_fw-la abusi_fw-la this_o be_v their_o foundation_n upon_o which_o they_o will_v distinguish_v this_o city_n from_o all_o other_o corporation_n now_o as_o to_o these_o thing_n i_o give_v these_o answer_n first_o for_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la that_o plain_o be_v no_o more_o a_o confirmation_n to_o they_o than_o it_o be_v to_o other_o city_n and_o corporation_n for_o not_o only_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v name_v to_o have_v its_o ancient_a liberty_n and_o custom_n preserve_v but_o it_o be_v likewise_o omnes_fw-la aliae_fw-la civitat_fw-la '_o etc._n etc._n and_o all_o city_n burrough_n and_o town_n and_o the_o baron_n of_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o all_o other_o port_n shall_v have_v all_o their_o liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n so_o my_o lord_n coke_n agree_v it_o in_o his_o comment_n and_o in_o what_o he_o cite_v out_o of_o the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n and_o other_o ancient_a author_n of_o our_o law_n they_o shall_v enjoy_v their_o franchise_n which_o they_o have_v right_a to_o by_o lawful_a title_n of_o the_o gift_n and_o confirmation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o which_o they_o have_v not_o forfeit_v by_o any_o abuse_n so_o that_o the_o act_n which_o confirm_v they_o do_v not_o purge_v former_a forfeiture_n much_o less_o do_v it_o license_v other_o abuse_n then_o for_o their_o act_n of_o 1_o e._n 3._o and_o 7_o r._n 2._o i_o shall_v humble_o offer_v this_o that_o as_o they_o be_v in_o truth_n no_o act_n of_o parliament_n at_o all_o so_o they_o will_v not_o concern_v this_o question_n whatsoever_o my_o lord_n coke_n say_v concern_v they_o but_o i_o shall_v give_v some_o instance_n before_o these_o act_n to_o show_v that_o they_o never_o have_v such_o a_o unquestionable_a power_n as_o they_o now_o dream_v of_o and_o then_o some_o instance_n in_o after_o time_n that_o there_o either_o be_v no_o such_o act_n or_o no_o such_o sense_n at_o least_o be_v to_o be_v put_v upon_o they_o as_o they_o have_v strain_v to_o make_v first_o it_o appear_v 15_o e._n 1._o that_o the_o franchise_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o johannes_n de_fw-fr britton_n be_v make_v custos_fw-la civitatis_fw-la london_n who_o be_v no_o freeman_n and_o this_o imply_v that_o the_o franchise_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n for_o they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o choose_v de_fw-fr seipsis_fw-la by_o charter_n from_o king_n john_n a_o citizen_n to_o be_v a_o mayor_n or_o chief_a governor_n but_o here_o be_v another_o governor_n appoint_v they_o then_o rot_v '_o pat_n '_o 26_o e._n 1._o rex_fw-la pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi servicio_fw-la civit_n '_o london_n '_o reddit_fw-la eye_v civit_n '_o svam_fw-la london_n habend_v '_o dict'_v civibus_fw-la ad_fw-la volunt_fw-la '_o regis_fw-la testae_fw-la rege_fw-la so_o that_o both_o the_o city_n and_o all_o its_o franchise_n be_v seize_v at_o that_o time_n for_o he_o restore_v the_o very_a city_n of_o london_n to_o the_o citizen_n habend_v '_o during_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n thus_o my_o lord_n it_o stand_v in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 1._o then_o in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 2._o seize_v again_o 14_o e._n 2._o memb_v 21._o of_o the_o pat_n '_o roll_v in_o 21_o rex_fw-la dimisit_fw-la civibus_fw-la london_n '_o officium_fw-la major_n '_o civitat_fw-la '_o london_z '_o 15_o e._n 2._o rex_fw-la dedit_fw-la licentiam_fw-la eligendi_fw-la major_n '_o london_z '_o and_o in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o pat_n '_o roll_v 15_o e._n 2._o m._n 5._o the_o king_n recite_v that_o whereas_o in_o the_o fourtéenth_fw-mi year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o have_v
replevy_v to_o they_o the_o office_n of_o mayor_n usque_fw-la quindenam_fw-la sancti_fw-la martini_n and_o also_o recite_v which_o office_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n by_o the_o justice_n of_o eyre_n in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n and_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o continue_v it_o long_o to_o they_o ex_fw-la gratia_fw-la speciali_fw-la he_o do_v grant_v they_o the_o say_a office_n quamdiu_fw-la etc._n etc._n then_o the_o second_o part_n of_o pat_n '_o roll_v in_o 20_o e._n 2._o it_o be_v recite_v that_o the_o king_n have_v seize_v the_o office_n of_o the_o mayoralty_n and_o have_v replevied_a it_o from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o that_o one_o hamond_n de_fw-fr chigwell_n be_v make_v mayor_n the_o king_n have_v except_v of_o he_o for_o mayor_n et_fw-la rex_fw-la volens_fw-la eye_n gratiam_fw-la uberiorem_fw-la facere_fw-la grant_v he_o the_o office_n of_o mayor_n now_o my_o lord_n these_o seizure_n show_v plain_o that_o the_o franchise_n of_o the_o city_n be_v forfeitable_a for_o either_o they_o be_v seize_v upon_o matter_n of_o record_n find_v for_o a_o forfeiture_n or_o else_o upon_o some_o matter_n which_o be_v to_o be_v a_o ground_n of_o a_o forfeiture_n so_o then_o they_o be_v absolute_o go_v and_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o these_o be_v ever_o take_v out_o of_o the_o king_n hand_n by_o process_n of_o law_n but_o be_v restore_v by_o grace_n and_o favour_n for_o till_o the_o 20_o e._n 2._o it_o appear_v that_o they_o so_o long_o continue_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o he_o absolute_o dispose_v of_o they_o here_o be_v now_o a_o favour_n to_o they_o and_o a_o plenary_a restitution_n thus_o it_o stand_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o e._n 1._o and_o e._n 2._o now_o the_o next_o thing_n will_v be_v for_o their_o act_n of_o 1_o e._n 3._o which_o they_o back_o with_o my_o lord_n coke_n observation_n upon_o it_o that_o it_o be_v authoritate_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la now_o true_o my_o lord_n there_o be_v no_o such_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o be_v any_o where_o extant_a for_o it_o be_v not_o in_o print_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o parliament_n roll_v of_o e._n 3_n time_n till_o 4_o e._n 3._o and_o he_o that_o cite_v it_o my_o lord_n coke_n himself_o cite_v no_o roll_n at_o all_o for_o it_o so_o that_o where_o we_o shall_v find_v this_o act_n of_o parliament_n true_o i_o do_v not_o know_v but_o this_o act_n at_o best_a amount_n to_o no_o more_o than_o that_o for_o any_o personal_a trespass_n of_o officer_n the_o liberty_n of_o the_o city_n shall_v not_o be_v seize_v but_o that_o signify_v nothing_o for_o that_o be_v not_o our_o case_n there_o be_v act_n of_o the_o corporation_n not_o of_o particular_a officer_n though_o i_o can_v but_o observe_v how_o the_o law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v at_o that_o time_n before_o this_o their_o pretend_a act_n even_o for_o the_o offence_n of_o private_a officer_n and_o that_o appear_v to_o be_v the_o law_n too_o in_o the_o case_n of_o 9_o e._n 1._o which_o i_o cite_v before_o which_o be_v only_o the_o offence_n of_o the_o mayor_n of_o sandwich_n who_o refuse_v to_o answer_v for_o a_o trespass_n and_o a_o rescue_n be_v commit_v and_o the_o whole_a liberty_n seize_v now_o this_o act_n of_o 1_o e._n 3._o be_v it_o what_o it_o will_v though_o they_o will_v take_v it_o in_o that_o sense_n that_o no_o forfeiture_n shall_v be_v incur_v for_o the_o trespass_n of_o a_o officer_n yet_o i_o find_v quite_o the_o contrary_a thereunto_o and_o that_o it_o have_v not_o prevail_v even_o in_o that_o sense_n for_o 5_o e._n 3._o rot_n clau_n 14._o there_o the_o king_n do_v discharge_v one_o from_o the_o office_n of_o mayor_n and_o command_v the_o alderman_n and_o commonalty_n to_o choose_v another_o now_o this_o my_o lord_n i_o take_v to_o be_v not_o so_o much_o a_o punish_n of_o the_o officer_n as_o a_o break_n in_o upon_o the_o franchise_n itself_o but_o i_o shall_v show_v more_o full_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o r._n 2._o that_o this_o be_v do_v yet_o i_o will_v first_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o r._n 2._o which_o be_v the_o next_o thing_n that_o they_o rely_v upon_o and_o this_o with_o submission_n be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n neither_o for_o though_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o his_o four_o inst_z 205._o say_v this_o be_v the_o statute_n mention_v in_o our_o book_n which_o support_v the_o custom_n in_o london_n to_o devise_v in_o mortmain_n and_o other_o custom_n against_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o cite_v authority_n in_o the_o margin_n yet_o my_o lord_n i_o have_v look_v and_o can_v find_v none_o of_o they_o to_o speak_v to_o the_o purpose_n for_o which_o they_o be_v cite_v but_o the_o book_n of_o 7_o h._n 6._o fol._n 1._o where_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n to_o devise_v in_o mortmain_n be_v in_o question_n and_o there_o it_o be_v rule_v a_o good_a custom_n because_o of_o the_o statute_n that_o confirm_v it_o after_o the_o statute_n of_o mortmain_n but_o say_v that_o book_n quere_z the_o statute_n to_o that_o they_o be_v not_o well_o apprize_v of_o the_o statute_n in_o those_o day_n though_o this_o be_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o the_o resolution_n of_o that_o kind_n it_o appear_v by_o the_o roll_n that_o it_o be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o for_o its_o 7_o r._n 2._o n._n 37._o it_o be_v a_o prayer_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o patent_n grant_v to_o the_o city_n confirm_v their_o liberty_n licet_fw-la usi_fw-la vel_fw-la abusi_fw-la fuerint_fw-la and_o the_o answer_n be_v le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr veult_n but_o this_o be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o letter_n paâ—ents_n which_o have_v be_v primo_fw-la r._n 2._o beside_o further_o there_o never_o be_v any_o patent_n grant_v in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o act_n and_o yet_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o if_o it_o have_v be_v to_o it_o will_v only_o have_v extend_v to_o forfeiture_n that_o be_v pass_v but_o can_v never_o amount_v to_o a_o dispensation_n or_o licence_n for_o the_o future_a and_o my_o lord_n this_o appear_v by_o these_o authority_n and_o record_n that_o i_o shall_v now_o cite_v the_o 1_o part_n of_o pat._n roll_n 16_o r._n 2._o membrano_n 36_o 37._o whereby_o it_o full_o appear_v that_o notwithstanding_o these_o pretend_a statute_n there_o be_v no_o such_o privilege_n in_o the_o city_n but_o that_o for_o the_o offence_n of_o their_o officer_n or_o themselves_o the_o franchise_n shall_v be_v seize_v but_o my_o lord_n i_o must_v a_o little_a observe_v that_o true_o the_o city_n have_v attempt_v to_o raise_v themselves_o above_o the_o fear_n of_o any_o judgement_n in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n court_n for_o in_o primo_fw-la r._n 2._o parl._n roll_n 126._o there_o they_o petition_v for_o a_o confirmation_n of_o their_o charter_n with_o a_o clause_n of_o licet_fw-la non_fw-la usi_fw-la vel_fw-la abusi_fw-la which_o be_v that_o they_o then_o will_v have_v to_o be_v do_v in_o parliament_n for_o they_o but_o they_o do_v likewise_o desire_v in_o their_o petition_n that_o notwithstanding_o any_o statute_n privilege_n charter_n judgement_n make_v or_o to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o contrary_a their_o liberty_n may_v be_v confirm_v of_o this_o it_o be_v say_v the_o king_n will_v advise_v there_o be_v in_o 1_o r._n 2._o parliament_n roll_v 121._o as_o pleasant_a a_o petition_n as_o the_o other_o they_o there_o do_v desire_n that_o the_o interpretation_n of_o their_o charter_n may_v be_v leave_v to_o themselves_o and_o where_o it_o be_v doubt_v such_o meaning_n as_o they_o shall_v put_v upon_o it_o shall_v be_v allowable_a but_o to_o that_o the_o king_n answer_n be_v that_o he_o will_v make_v the_o interpretation_n of_o his_o own_o charter_n according_a as_o his_o counsel_n shall_v advise_v so_o that_o i_o observe_v they_o will_v feign_v have_v be_v absolute_a but_o they_o can_v never_o do_v it_o it_o have_v always_o be_v deny_v they_o so_o that_o from_o what_o be_v do_v at_o this_o time_n and_o after_o 7_o r._n 2._o it_o do_v appear_v plain_o that_o there_o be_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o any_o other_o corporation_n only_o this_o be_v real_o the_o great_a but_o as_o all_o greatness_n be_v the_o king_n favour_n so_o when_o man_n forget_v their_o duty_n in_o abuse_v the_o king_n favour_n this_o great_a court_n be_v the_o place_n to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o it_o i_o come_v then_o to_o the_o three_o question_n iii_o whether_o the_o act_n of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o commonalty_n in_o common_a council_n assemble_v be_v a_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n so_o as_o to_o make_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o whole_a and_o with_o submission_n my_o lord_n that_o will_v be_v pretty_a clear_a too_o upon_o these_o reason_n 1._o first_o
of_o all_o the_o whole_a corporation_n be_v full_o represent_v by_o they_o notwithstanding_o the_o disparity_n of_o number_n set_v forth_o in_o their_o rejoynder_n 2._o again_o all_o by-law_n and_o ordinance_n make_v for_o the_o good_a government_n and_o order_n of_o the_o city_n be_v certain_o the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n but_o the_o sole_a power_n of_o make_v those_o law_n be_v in_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o common_a council_n and_o therefore_o sure_a the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o corporation_n be_v in_o the_o common_a council_n 3._o they_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n of_o the_o corporation-seal_n they_o can_v bind_v all_o the_o whole_a corporation_n by_o any_o alienation_n to_o or_o charge_n upon_o their_o inheritance_n and_o by_o consequence_n they_o may_v surrender_v all_o or_o any_o of_o their_o franchise_n and_o then_o as_o i_o say_v they_o may_v forfeit_v they_o 4._o they_o have_v plead_v that_o there_o have_v be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n a_o common_a council_n consist_v of_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o citizen_n who_o be_v call_v the_o commons_o of_o the_o city_n so_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v intend_v now_o that_o as_o they_o have_v prescribe_v for_o it_o as_o incident_a to_o their_o corporation_n it_o be_v part_n of_o their_o original_a constitution_n to_o be_v thus_o represent_v by_o they_o and_o rule_v and_o govern_v by_o their_o law_n but_o there_o be_v another_o reason_n for_o it_o and_o that_o be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o inseparable_a incident_a to_o a_o corporation_n employ_v in_o law_n without_o grant_n that_o they_o have_v a_o power_n to_o make_v by-law_n to_o bind_v the_o corporation_n without_o which_o there_o be_v no_o government_n in_o a_o corporation_n and_o therefore_o a_o mis-use_a of_o that_o power_n must_v be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o corporation_n because_o it_o be_v a_o breach_n of_o their_o original_a trust_n 22_o assis_n pl._n 34._o there_o be_v this_o rule_n give_v and_o a_o true_a one_o it_o be_v where_o there_o be_v many_o franchise_n grant_v which_o do_v not_o depend_v one_o upon_o another_o there_o the_o mis-use_a of_o one_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o that_o one_o which_o be_v misuse_v but_o where_o there_o be_v several_a part_n of_o a_o franchise_n depend_v all_o upon_o the_o say_a franchise_n if_o any_o part_n be_v misuse_v the_o entire_a franchise_n shall_v be_v forfeit_v as_o for_o instance_n if_o a_o man_n have_v a_o fair_a a_o court_n of_o pypowder_n be_v incident_a to_o it_o the_o misuser_n of_o that_o court_n of_o cypowder_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o whole_a fair_a itself_o for_o where_o any_o part_n be_v abuse_v that_o be_v incident_a to_o a_o entire_a franchise_n that_o abuse_n forfeit_v the_o whole_a and_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o palmer_n report_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o corporation_n of_o maidenhead_n where_o it_o be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o market_n be_v forfeit_v for_o take_v too_o much_o toll_n because_o the_o toll_n be_v not_o inseparable_o incident_a to_o the_o market_n and_o so_o be_v not_o dependent_a upon_o the_o entire_a franchise_n and_o there_o the_o rule_n be_v take_v as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o that_o the_o mis-use_a of_o a_o part_n of_o a_o entire_a franchise_n or_o a_o power_n that_o be_v incident_a to_o it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o franchise_n then_o my_o lord_n if_o they_o can_v forfeit_v here_o the_o whole_a power_n of_o the_o trust_n of_o the_o corporation_n be_v repose_v in_o they_o and_o may_v be_v misuse_v by_o they_o to_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o there_o be_v no_o remedy_n if_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v punish_v at_o all_o for_o it_o be_v much_o hard_a to_o say_v that_o several_a act_n of_o all_o the_o particular_a person_n shall_v forfeit_v the_o corporation_n than_o that_o their_o joint_n act_n shall_v do_v it_o but_o this_o my_o lord_n be_v a_o act_n contrary_a to_o the_o trust_n upon_o create_v the_o corporation_n and_o may_v be_v a_o mis-use_a to_o the_o prejudice_n and_o oppression_n of_o all_o people_n and_o if_o this_o shall_v not_o forfeit_v the_o corporation_n there_o be_v no_o remedy_n at_o all_o but_o the_o power_n remain_v of_o oppress_v as_o it_o do_v before_o now_o my_o lord_n i_o think_v with_o submission_n i_o have_v make_v it_o pretty_a plain_n and_o as_o they_o be_v not_o distinguish_v from_o other_o corporation_n in_o point_n of_o privilege_n as_o to_o forfeiture_n so_o this_o be_v their_o act_n and_o shall_v bind_v they_o be_v do_v by_o their_o representative_n iv_o then_o the_o four_o point_n will_v be_v whether_o these_o offence_n set_v forth_o in_o the_o replication_n be_v forfeiture_n 1._o the_o first_o be_v the_o make_n of_o that_o law_n in_o the_o common_a council_n for_o the_o levy_n of_o sum_n of_o money_n upon_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o the_o actual_a levy_n of_o those_o sum_n according_o and_o this_o they_o justify_v under_o their_o prescription_n to_o have_v reasonable_a toll_n as_o they_o set_v forth_o in_o their_o plead_n from_o all_o person_n that_o come_v to_o their_o market_n to_o sell_v provision_n there_o and_o power_n to_o reduce_v their_o toll_n to_o a_o certainty_n by_o a_o act_n of_o common_a council_n this_o be_v their_o justification_n so_o that_o my_o lord_n the_o first_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v i._n what_o right_a they_o have_v to_o these_o toll_n or_o sum_n of_o money_n assess_v by_o the_o by-law_n and_o then_o ii_o whether_o if_o they_o have_v no_o right_n their_o take_n upon_o they_o to_o make_v a_o law_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n for_o their_o right_n that_o depend_v upon_o a_o prescription_n to_o have_v reasonable_a toll_n as_o they_o set_v it_o forth_o and_o this_o as_o they_o have_v plead_v it_o appear_v to_o be_v no_o right_n at_o all_o for_o a_o prescription_n to_o have_v toll_n and_o tollage_n not_o show_v how_o much_o in_o certain_a be_v void_a for_o reasonable_a toll_n be_v not_o incident_a to_o a_o market_n but_o the_o party_n have_v it_o by_o the_o king_n grant_v and_o so_o it_o be_v adjudge_v in_o this_o court_n mich._n 39_o &_o 40._o eliz._n cite_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o his_o second_o inst_z 220._o so_o if_o the_o king_n grant_v a_o toll_n if_o he_o do_v not_o in_o his_o grant_n ascertain_v how_o much_o shall_v be_v take_v for_o toll_n that_o grant_v be_v void_a and_o so_o be_v the_o prescription_n too_o as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o corporation_n of_o maidenhead_n in_o palmer_n report_n foe_n 79._o ground_v upon_o 9_o h._n 6.45_o &_o 11._o h._n 6._o 19_o and_o so_o he_o cite_v the_o opinion_n of_o popham_n in_o the_o case_n of_o heedy_a and_o weeldhouse_n for_o no_o subject_n can_v prescribe_v to_o have_v toll_n but_o by_o the_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n but_o my_o lord_n this_o be_v not_o proper_o a_o toll_n neither_o nor_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o toll_n for_o that_o be_v always_o pay_v by_o the_o buyer_n and_o never_o pay_v before_o a_o sale_n but_o here_o all_o that_o come_v to_o the_o market_n whether_o they_o buy_v or_o not_o buy_v sell_v or_o not_o sell_v they_o must_v pay_v by_o this_o law_n my_o lord_n i_o confess_v there_o may_v be_v a_o custom_n for_o person_n to_o pay_v for_o stand_n in_o a_o fair_a or_o market_n as_o that_o case_n be_v 9_o h._n 6._o 45._o but_o yet_o that_o must_v be_v prescribe_v for_o in_o a_o certain_a sum_n which_o be_v not_o do_v here_o and_o this_o customary_a payment_n be_v in_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o a_o toll_n traverse_v or_o a_o toll_n through_o which_o can_v be_v in_o a_o uncertain_a sum_n for_o they_o be_v all_o by_o prescription_n and_o a_o grant_v of_o they_o now_o uncertain_a will_v not_o be_v good_a but_o my_o lord_n however_o judgement_n upon_o these_o plead_n must_v be_v give_v against_o the_o city_n for_o either_o the_o prescription_n as_o they_o have_v set_v it_o forth_o be_v good_a or_o it_o be_v not_o good_a if_o it_o be_v good_a than_o the_o traverse_v that_o be_v take_v be_v well_o take_v to_o wit_n that_o they_o have_v no_o such_o custom_n and_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v take_v issue_n upon_o that_o which_o they_o have_v not_o do_v for_o my_o lord_n they_o have_v take_v issue_n thus_o that_o time_n out_o of_o mind_n they_o have_v have_v reasonable_a toll_n of_o all_o person_n come_v to_o the_o market_n to_o sell_v their_o provision_n without_o tie_v of_o it_o to_o the_o reasonable_a toll_n assess_v and_o reduce_v to_o certainty_n by_o the_o law_n and_o this_o be_v naught_o for_o though_o they_o have_v a_o reasonable_a toll_n in_o general_n take_v the_o prescription_n to_o be_v good_a yet_o if_o either_o that_o reasonable_a toll_n in_o the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v not_o take_v in_o that_o manner_n or_o to_o that_o value_n that_o they_o
charter_n therefore_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n i_o do_v humble_o pray_v your_o judgement_n for_o the_o king_n that_o they_o may_v be_v out_v of_o their_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o corporation_n sir_n george_n treby_n recorder_n for_o the_o city_n the_o first_o thing_n that_o i_o shall_v i_o hope_v maintain_v be_v i._o that_o a_o corporation_n or_o the_o be_v of_o a_o body_n politic_n it_o not_o forfeitable_a the_o nature_n of_o a_o corporation_n in_o its_o existence_n power_n and_o action_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v a_o body_n politic_a or_o corporation_n be_v create_v by_o the_o policy_n of_o man_n 1_o inst_z 2._o the_o person_n incorporate_v be_v create_v a_o body_n and_o be_v of_o capacity_n to_o take_v or_o grant_v do_v or_o act_n according_a to_o the_o power_n and_o authority_n in_o their_o creation_n give_v they_o and_o to_o no_o other_o purpose_n only_o a_o capacity_n and_o not_o proper_o a_o franchise_n 1_o inst_z 250._o brook_z therefore_o in_o his_o title_n of_o corporation_n make_v his_o title_n corporation_n or_o capacity_n 2_o bulstrode_n 233._o the_o body_n be_v invisible_a therefore_o can_v appear_v in_o person_n dissolution_n of_o a_o corporation_n there_o may_v be_v as_o where_o the_o person_n incorporate_v all_o dye_n corporation_n of_o necessity_n be_v thereby_o dissolve_v 1_o inst_z 13._o b._n roll_n ab._n 1._o 514._o but_o no_o book_n or_o case_n mention_n dissolution_n by_o forfeiture_n in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 8._o when_o the_o corporation_n of_o monk_n nun_n and_o other_o religious_a house_n be_v dissolve_v have_v it_o not_o be_v a_o very_a easy_a way_n if_o this_o doctrine_n of_o dissolve_v by_o forfeiture_n will_v have_v do_v it_o thereby_o to_o have_v effect_v the_o king_n purpose_n it_o be_v but_o to_o have_v issue_v out_o a_o commission_n and_o thereby_o find_v but_o one_o illegal_a act_n or_o miscarriage_n do_v by_o the_o corporation_n and_o thereby_o the_o corporation_n dissolve_v but_o in_o henry_n the_o eighth_n time_n or_o afterward_o the_o surrender_n make_v by_o corporation_n be_v of_o their_o land_n not_o of_o their_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a as_o appear_v 2_o anderson_n 120._o dean_n and_o chapter_n the_o norwich_n case_n 3_o rep._n 74._o for_o though_o they_o surrender_v their_o church_n and_o all_o their_o possession_n and_o franchise_n yet_o the_o corporation_n remain_v not_o thereby_o dissolve_v fullcher_n and_o heyward_n jones_n 198._o palm_n 491._o davyes_n rep._n 1._o b._n and_o encounter_v le_fw-fr opin_n dy._n 273._o 282._o and_o therefore_o to_o this_o time_n viz._n 3_o car._n i._o when_o these_o case_n be_v adjudge_v and_o argue_v the_o law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v that_o a_o corporation_n can_v not_o be_v dissolve_v by_o surrender_n and_o the_o statute_n 27_o h._n 8._o 31_o h._n 8._o 34_o h._n 8._o for_o dissolve_v the_o monastery_n none_o of_o they_o mention_n surrender_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o the_o the_o word_n forfeiture_n be_v in_o those_o statute_n thereby_o be_v not_o mean_v forfeiture_n of_o corporation_n but_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o abbot_n by_o attainder_n viz._n abbot_n of_o glassenbury_n colchester_n and_o other_o attabit_v upon_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o king_n supremacy_n and_o so_o it_o appear_v roll_v 2_o rep._n 101._o but_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v admit_v that_o a_o corporation_n may_v be_v surrender_v and_o thereby_o extinct_a and_o destroy_v it_o be_v no_o consequence_n that_o they_o may_v be_v forfeit_v for_o there_o be_v many_o thing_n surrenderable_a that_o be_v not_o forfeitable_a as_o annuity_n grant_v pro_fw-la concilio_n impenso_fw-la &_o impendendo_fw-la which_o be_v persnal_a interest_n and_o so_o fix_v to_o the_o person_n as_o not_o transferrable_a by_o grant_n forfeiture_n or_o otherwise_o much_o more_o than_o of_o a_o corporation_n which_o be_v far_o from_o be_v grantable_a or_o forfeitable_a it_o be_v the_o very_a capacity_n or_o existence_n and_o inseparable_a in_o its_o nature_n from_o the_o person_n incorporate_v worsel_n maning_n case_n lane_n 58._o roll_n abr._n 1._o 195._o alien_n obtain_v letter_n patent_n of_o grant_n of_o denization_n proviso_n that_o the_o grantée_n do_v his_o legal_a homage_n and_o be_v obedient_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o never_o do_v his_o homage_n nor_o be_v obedient_a he_o shall_v not_o hereby_o forfeit_a or_o lose_v his_o denization_n or_o capacity_n that_o he_o have_v grant_v he_o by_o his_o patent_n ii_o that_o this_o information_n now_o bring_v be_v insufficient_a and_o no_o judgement_n against_o the_o corporation_n can_v be_v give_v upon_o it_o it_o can_v be_v maintain_v against_o the_o corporation_n as_o now_o bring_v but_o shall_v have_v be_v against_o the_o particular_a person_n rex_fw-la vers_fw-la cusack_n roll_n 2_o rep._n 113._o 125._o palm_n 1._o in_o a_o case_n of_o great_a authority_n and_o upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n out_o of_o ireland_n upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o corporation_n of_o dublin_n a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v against_o cusack_n and_o other_o aldermen_z of_o dublin_n who_o pretend_v to_o have_v privilege_n and_o a_o guild_n and_o to_o be_v a_o corporation_n and_o this_o i_o presume_v be_v for_o their_o be_v a_o corporation_n for_o there_o be_v a_o cur_n '_o advisare_fw-la vult_fw-la upon_o that_o and_o so_o it_o be_v not_o put_v in_o the_o case_n but_o it_o be_v also_o bring_v for_o several_a liberty_n that_o they_o do_v pretend_v to_o claim_v that_o they_o only_o and_o no_o other_o shall_v sell_v and_o buy_v all_o merchandize_v there_o and_o no_o body_n shall_v buy_v of_o another_o or_o sell_v to_o another_o but_o to_o they_o that_o all_o merchandise_n shall_v be_v bring_v to_o their_o common_a hall_n there_o etc._n etc._n now_o as_o to_o those_o liberty_n they_o be_v forejudge_v that_o the_o liberty_n shall_v be_v seize_v and_o they_o out_v as_o to_o their_o claim_v the_o corporation_n there_o be_v a_o cur_n '_o advisare_fw-la vult_fw-la so_o the_o case_n be_v in_o palmer_n but_o in_o the_o other_o book_n roll_v 115._o there_o it_o be_v agree_v if_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v to_o dissolve_v a_o corporation_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v bring_v against_o particular_a person_n for_o the_o writ_n suppose_v that_o they_o be_v not_o a_o corporation_n and_o it_o be_v to_o falsify_v the_o supposal_n of_o the_o writ_n to_o name_v they_o as_o a_o corporation_n now_o here_o this_o writ_n suppose_v they_o to_o be_v a_o corporation_n or_o else_o they_o can_v not_o be_v defendant_n and_o then_o it_o come_v and_o falsify_v that_o supposal_n by_o assign_v that_o they_o be_v no_o corporation_n nor_o ever_o be_v or_o if_o they_o have_v they_o have_v forfeit_v it_o and_o so_o all_o the_o foundation_n that_o this_o writ_n stand_v upon_o be_v destroy_v my_o lord_n in_o this_o case_n of_o cusack_n i_o be_o assist_v further_o with_o a_o report_n of_o it_o in_o my_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hale_n book_n a_o report_n of_o very_o great_a authority_n with_o all_o man_n of_o our_o profession_n and_o there_o he_o say_v express_o if_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v for_o the_o usurp_a of_o a_o corporation_n it_o must_v be_v bring_v against_o particular_a person_n because_o it_o go_v in_o disaffirmance_n of_o the_o corporation_n and_o judgement_n shall_v be_v give_v that_o they_o be_v out_v of_o the_o corporation_n but_o if_o it_o be_v for_o liberty_n that_o be_v claim_v by_o a_o corporation_n it_o must_v be_v bring_v against_o they_o as_o a_o corporation_n it_o be_v in_o my_o lord_n hale_v common_a place_n book_n which_o be_v in_o lincolns-inn_n library_n foe_n 168._o placito_fw-la 7._o my_o lord_n this_o be_v our_o very_a case_n if_o you_o go_v about_o to_o say_v our_o corporation_n be_v forfeit_v or_o must_v be_v dissolve_v nay_o more_o you_o say_v it_o have_v either_o never_o be_v or_o by_o forfeiture_n it_o be_v lose_v so_o long_o ago_o then_o here_o be_v nothing_o can_v come_v before_o the_o court_n this_o information_n be_v bring_v in_o dis-affirmance_a of_o the_o be_v of_o the_o corporation_n and_o therefore_o there_o must_v be_v set_v up_o some_o body_n capable_a of_o be_v a_o defendant_n in_o such_o a_o suit_n and_o that_o be_v particular_a person_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v name_v as_o be_v in_o that_o case_n of_o cusack_n for_o as_o the_o judgement_n of_o ouster_n of_o particular_a liberty_n give_v against_o particular_a person_n will_v not_o bind_v the_o body_n of_o the_o corporation_n so_o the_o judgement_n of_o not_o be_v a_o corporation_n will_v not_o be_v good_a to_o charge_n or_o oblige_v particular_a person_n unless_o it_o be_v give_v against_o particular_a person_n that_o usurp_v the_o corporation_n the_o individual_a fréeman_n of_o london_n can_v possible_o be_v bind_v by_o this_o judgement_n for_o they_o be_v not_o here_o before_o you_o nor_o be_v they_o
ever_o sue_v for_o it_o be_v the_o corporation_n that_o be_v here_o make_v defendant_n and_o i_o do_v not_o consider_v the_o number_n that_o make_v up_o that_o body_n that_o london_n be_v populous_a alter_v the_o case_n for_o the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o if_o it_o be_v the_o corporation_n of_o quinborough_n or_o any_o other_o petit_fw-fr corporation_n suppose_v 20_o man_n be_v a_o corporation_n or_o pretend_v to_o be_v a_o corporation_n and_o you_o come_v to_o inquire_v by_o what_o particular_a mean_v these_o man_n pretend_v to_o be_v a_o corporation_n or_o as_o the_o word_n of_o this_o quo_fw-la wartanto_n be_v usurp_v to_o be_v a_o corporation_n you_o must_v not_o say_v that_o they_o be_v one_o and_o then_o say_v they_o usurp_v it_o for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o corporation_n that_o usurp_v to_o be_v a_o corporation_n that_o be_v impossible_a but_o it_o be_v the_o particular_a person_n that_o usurp_v to_o be_v the_o corporation_n when_o indeed_o they_o be_v none_o a_o corporation_n 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be_v a_o corporation_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o burgess_n of_o helmesly_a how_o do_v the_o attorney_n general_n there_o bring_v his_o writ_n he_o bring_v it_o against_o particular_a person_n my_o lord_n hobart_n who_o be_v then_o attorney_n general_n never_o think_v he_o can_v have_v maintain_v his_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la or_o expect_a judgement_n against_o they_o if_o he_o have_v bring_v it_o against_o the_o burgess_n of_o helmesly_n general_o and_o then_o have_v say_v that_o they_o be_v no_o corporation_n but_o he_o bring_v it_o against_o those_o particular_a person_n and_o thereupon_o they_o come_v in_o and_o disclaim_v their_o be_v such_o a_o corporation_n and_o the_o have_v the_o other_o liberty_n and_o the_o judgement_n be_v that_o of_o those_o liberty_n those_o particular_a people_n shall_v be_v oust_v and_o shall_v not_o intermeddle_v with_o they_o now_o my_o lord_n what_o judgement_n can_v be_v give_v in_o this_o case_n that_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n shall_v not_o intermeddle_v with_o the_o be_v of_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n it_o be_v a_o very_a reasonable_a judgement_n that_o helden_n and_o those_o particular_a person_n shall_v not_o intermeddle_v with_o such_o a_o liberty_n or_o be_v in_o such_o a_o corporation_n but_o if_o such_o a_o judgement_n he_o give_v against_o the_o city_n here_o that_o will_v be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v that_o you_o have_v never_o be_v what_o you_o be_v or_o you_o shall_v never_o be_v what_o you_o be_v that_o be_v the_o english_a of_o it_o and_o my_o lord_n i_o be_o sure_a as_o there_o never_o be_v but_o one_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la that_o we_o can_v find_v any_o print_a precedent_n of_o against_o the_o be_v of_o a_o corporation_n so_o that_o very_a precedent_n be_v not_o against_o those_o that_o real_o be_v so_o but_o particular_a person_n that_o usurp_v to_o be_v so_o and_o if_o you_o search_v all_o the_o record_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o all_o the_o book_n in_o all_o the_o office_n you_o will_v never_o find_v any_o that_o be_v bring_v against_o a_o corporation_n for_o be_v a_o corporation_n upon_o pretence_n that_o they_o may_v be_v make_v none_o by_o a_o forfeiture_n and_o no_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n shall_v extend_v to_o excuse_v this_o but_o his_o action_n shall_v abate_v if_o it_o be_v not_o right_o bring_v as_o well_o as_o the_o subject_n and_o so_o be_v plow_v com._n fol._n 85._o further_o my_o lord_n i_o have_v another_o authority_n in_o this_o point_n and_o that_o be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o corporation_n of_o maidenhead_n which_o have_v be_v so_o often_o cite_v by_o mr._n solicitor_n and_o it_o be_v in_o palmer_n 80_o 81._o where_n it_o be_v say_v when_o the_o attorney_n general_n have_v suppose_v they_o to_o be_v a_o corporation_n it_o be_v not_o usual_a to_o plead_v they_o to_o be_v a_o corporation_n otherwise_o if_o he_o have_v question_v they_o as_o inhabitant_n of_o such_o a_o town_n than_o they_o ought_v to_o enable_v themselves_o those_o be_v the_o word_n of_o that_o book_n and_o what_o can_v be_v more_o plain_a here_o the_o attorney_n general_n suppose_v we_o to_o he_o a_o corporation_n his_o replication_n fly_v in_o his_o own_o face_n and_o he_o have_v suppose_v it_o at_o first_o he_o be_v bind_v not_o to_o question_v we_o for_o our_o be_v a_o corporation_n at_o any_o time_n after_o as_o to_o the_o business_n of_o forisfecerunt_fw-la it_o be_v a_o strange_a and_o a_o new_a word_n that_o never_o come_v into_o any_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la before_o that_o i_o know_v of_o but_o we_o will_v accept_v the_o new_a word_n but_o not_o the_o thing_n and_o that_o they_o have_v forfeit_v by_o such_o and_o such_o act_n this_o sure_a will_v be_v very_o hard_a upon_o we_o for_o if_o it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n it_o must_v relate_v to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o thing_n do_v to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o make_v the_o act_n of_o the_o common_a council_n to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o toll_n levy_v or_o to_o the_o time_n of_o the_o petition_n and_o if_o it_o do_v so_o it_o must_v relate_v like_o a_o forfeiture_n for_o treason_n it_o must_v reach_v all_o mean_a act_n all_o the_o lease_n that_o we_o have_v make_v since_o be_v go_v all_o the_o judgement_n that_o we_o have_v give_v in_o any_o cause_n be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la and_o void_a all_o the_o act_n of_o the_o corporation_n be_v overturn_v by_o this_o forfeiture_n and_o we_o have_v be_v under_o a_o vast_a mistake_v all_o this_o while_n we_o have_v have_v no_o mayor_n nor_o sheriff_n no_o kind_n of_o officer_n no_o manner_n of_o regular_a and_o legal_a proceed_n but_o we_o have_v be_v under_o a_o great_a mistake_n ever_o since_o this_o money_n be_v ordain_v or_o levy_v we_o have_v forfeit_v all_o and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o be_v plain_a because_o in_o all_o quo_fw-la warranto_n wherein_o person_n be_v convict_v for_o usurp_a of_o liberty_n there_o be_v a_o fine_a set_v upon_o they_o for_o continue_v that_o usurpation_n and_o reason_n good_a then_o if_o it_o be_v a_o offence_n for_o continue_v the_o liberty_n we_o must_v be_v fine_v for_o do_v it_o ever_o since_o the_o forfeiture_n when_o if_o mr._n attorney_n general_n be_v rule_v be_v right_a there_o have_v be_v no_o such_o corporation_n but_o we_o ought_v to_o have_v discontinue_v all_o our_o act_n as_o a_o corporation_n and_o lay_v it_o down_o and_o so_o every_o step_n that_o we_o have_v take_v since_o have_v be_v irregular_a and_o every_o act_n void_a if_o so_o be_v a_o action_n be_v bring_v against_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr and_o the_o plaintiff_n shall_v in_o his_o replication_n say_v they_o be_v divorce_v several_a year_n before_o have_v he_o not_o undo_v all_o his_o plead_n here_o then_o be_v our_o case_n mr._n attorney_n general_n admit_v we_o to_o be_v sueable_a and_o yet_o charge_v we_o to_o have_v no_o capacity_n to_o be_v sue_v i_o do_v implead_v you_o but_o you_o have_v no_o right_a to_o be_v implead_v here_o he_o bring_v we_o into_o court_n and_o when_o he_o have_v bring_v we_o here_o he_o quarrel_v with_o we_o for_o be_v here_o he_o make_v we_o defendant_n and_o then_o question_n whether_o we_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o and_o so_o his_o great_a charge_n against_o we_o be_v that_o we_o be_v what_o he_o will_v have_v we_o to_o be_v and_o what_o he_o have_v make_v we_o to_o be_v for_o if_o a_o month_n before_o the_o information_n the_o corporation_n be_v not_o but_o the_o very_o be_v of_o the_o corporation_n be_v usurp_v how_o come_v we_o at_o the_o month_n end_n to_o be_v defendant_n here_o come_v a_o new_a creation_n interpose_v in_o that_o time_n and_o make_v we_o party_n sueable_a in_o the_o court_n when_o by_o the_o charge_n in_o the_o information_n we_o be_v not_o so_o a_o month_n before_o
and_o then_o my_o lord_n the_o information_n be_v not_o quite_o so_o have_v but_o the_o replication_n be_v worse_o first_o he_o take_v issue_n that_o we_o never_o be_v a_o corporation_n at_o all_o and_o the_o next_o thing_n be_v if_o ever_o you_o be_v a_o corporation_n you_o have_v cease_v so_o to_o be_v because_o you_o have_v forfeit_v it_o so_o and_o so_o several_a year_n ago_o this_o be_v just_a then_o to_o put_v a_o common_a case_n and_o i_o confess_v a_o very_a familiar_a one_o it_o be_v if_o i_o shall_v be_v a_o action_n against_o a_o man_n and_o when_o he_o have_v plead_v i_o shall_v by_o way_n of_o replication_n set_v forth_o there_o never_o be_v any_o such_o man_n as_o the_o defendant_n and_o take_v issue_n upon_o it_o or_o if_o there_o be_v that_o he_o be_v dead_a ten_o year_n ago_o and_o yet_o this_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o mr._n attorney_n issue_n and_o his_o replication_n my_o lord_n the_o authority_n before_o cite_v in_o palmer_n coke_n entry_n roll_n and_o my_o lord_n hale_v common-place-book_n be_v not_o all_o for_o i_o have_v some_o other_o that_o never_o see_v the_o light_n in_o print_n yet_o and_o that_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o king_n against_o bradwell_n and_o other_o trin._n 18._o of_o this_o king_n a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v against_o they_o for_o usurp_v to_o be_v a_o corporation_n or_o company_n of_o musician_n it_o have_v be_v a_o strange_a thing_n if_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la have_v be_v bring_v against_o that_o corporation_n and_o then_o the_o attorney_n general_n have_v say_v they_o be_v no_o corporation_n nor_o never_o be_v there_o they_o do_v think_v best_o and_o fit_a to_o go_v against_o bradwell_n and_o the_o rest_n and_o that_o by_o name_n and_o only_o so_o not_o against_o the_o body_n corporate_a so_o in_o that_o case_n of_o the_o corporation_n of_o worcester_n which_o be_v late_o try_v before_o your_o lordship_n in_o this_o court_n when_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v against_o such_o man_n for_o usurp_a to_o be_v all_o alderman_n and_o common_a council-man_n if_o the_o attorney_n general_n have_v once_o call_v they_o common_a council-man_n it_o have_v be_v a_o great_a repugnancy_n for_o he_o afterward_o to_o say_v that_o they_o be_v none_o or_o if_o they_o be_v that_o that_o privilege_n of_o they_o be_v lose_v so_o long_o ago_o so_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o bermuda_n company_n it_o be_v against_o a_o corporation_n and_o against_o particular_a person_n by_o name_n both_o these_o thing_n have_v be_v consider_v and_o doubtless_o they_o have_v go_v on_o in_o a_o ordinary_a way_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o be_v not_o privy_a to_o that_o particular_a case_n but_o by_o the_o report_n of_o that_o case_n which_o i_o have_v see_v i_o have_v be_v inform_v that_o the_o corporation_n never_o appear_v for_o they_o say_v it_o be_v not_o sense_n for_o we_o to_o appear_v for_o it_o be_v a_o question_n by_o what_o warrant_n we_o be_v a_o corporation_n it_o be_v not_o the_o suppose_v we_o a_o corporation_n that_o do_v usurp_v but_o the_o particular_a person_n that_o do_v usurp_v if_o it_o be_v at_o all_o usurp_a now_o my_o lord_n if_o that_o have_v be_v a_o regular_a suit_n no_o doubt_n but_o there_o will_v have_v be_v judgement_n against_o the_o corporation_n which_o there_o be_v not_o and_o certain_o the_o replication_n of_o forfeiture_n be_v not_o good_a against_o the_o corporation_n but_o against_o the_o particular_a person_n only_o all_o mr._n solicitor_n authority_n for_o seize_v holâ—â—â—ue_a if_o the_o corporation_n will_v never_o appear_v and_o what_o be_v the_o reason_n it_o shall_v be_v bring_v against_o j._n s._n and_o j._n n._n but_o because_o corporation_n do_v never_o appear_v in_o such_o a_o case_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v not_o congruous_a they_o shall_v appear_v for_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la must_v intend_v it_o so_o that_o they_o be_v not_o a_o corporation_n in_o be_v by_o imply_v a_o 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continue_a charge_n i_o will_v name_v he_o some_o thing_n that_o he_o must_v agree_v and_o i_o know_v he_o will_v grant_v be_v uncertain_a as_o pickage_n and_o stallage_n which_o be_v duty_n for_o pick_v in_o my_o earth_n to_o dig_v hole_n for_o the_o post_n of_o stall_n to_o be_v fix_v in_o now_o there_o can_v never_o be_v nor_o ever_o be_v any_o circumscribe_v in_o those_o matter_n for_o circumstance_n in_o every_o of_o those_o case_n must_v govern_v it_o if_o i_o have_v occasion_n for_o my_o stall_n to_o use_v a_o foot_n of_o ground_n one_o sort_n of_o sum_n be_v necessary_a if_o ten_o foot_n another_o sum_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v equal_a indeed_o but_o it_o can_v never_o be_v good_a if_o it_o be_v limit_v to_o a_o
moor_n it_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o bellman_n of_o litchfield_n a_o prescription_n be_v make_v that_o the_o corporation_n of_o litchfield_n have_v a_o market_n and_o they_o ought_v to_o repair_v the_o way_n to_o it_o and_o to_o appoint_v a_o bellman_n that_o shall_v sweep_v the_o marketplace_n and_o that_o for_o this_o the_o say_a bellman_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v take_v of_o those_o that_o bring_v corn_n to_o the_o say_a market_n and_o open_v their_o sack_n to_o sell_v a_o pint_n of_o corn_n if_o but_o a_o bushel_n or_o under_o if_o more_o a_o quart_n so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v open_v and_o not_o sell_v yet_o he_o be_v to_o have_v that_o duty_n and_o that_o prescription_n be_v adjudge_v to_o they_o by_o all_o the_o judge_n and_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v there_o whether_o the_o repair_n that_o way_n cost_v they_o 5_o s._n or_o 5000_o l._n and_o yet_o by_o intendment_n they_o will_v not_o account_v it_o unreasonable_a though_o it_o may_v have_v be_v urge_v it_o be_v 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and_o so_o great_a alteration_n and_o confusion_n there_o be_v great_a cause_n that_o the_o city_n that_o lay_v out_o great_a sum_n and_o must_v be_v at_o such_o a_o public_a charge_n shall_v not_o be_v loser_n by_o it_o and_o we_o do_v set_v forth_o more_o than_o they_o do_v in_o the_o case_n of_o litchfield_n that_o we_o provide_v the_o market-place_n at_o our_o own_o charge_n and_o if_o they_o will_v use_v they_o they_o must_v expect_v to_o pay_v some_o compensation_n for_o it_o that_o we_o do_v keep_v officer_n and_o pay_v they_o for_o cleanse_v and_o keep_v order_n in_o the_o market_n and_o above_o all_o that_o we_o provide_v stand_n and_o stall_n and_o such_o accommodation_n and_o that_o i_o be_o sure_a be_v a_o provision_n no_o lord_n of_o a_o market_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v unless_o he_o will_v and_o therefore_o the_o market-people_n that_o be_v accommodate_v by_o it_o have_v great_a reason_n to_o pay_v for_o it_o and_o we_o pay_v all_o the_o tax_n for_o the_o market-place_n 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by_o two_o horse_n which_o now_o be_v but_o 4_o d._n and_o if_o we_o have_v increase_v the_o toll_n which_o i_o doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v so_o or_o no_o it_o be_v only_o in_o a_o very_a trifle_n now_o my_o lord_n this_o case_n i_o think_v be_v a_o strong_a case_n than_o that_o in_o 5_o rep._n the_o chamberlain_n of_o london_n case_n there_o be_v no_o consideration_n of_o stall_n or_o cleanse_v the_o place_n but_o only_o they_o have_v a_o officer_n to_o search_v and_o view_v and_o that_o be_v a_o new_a appointment_n of_o their_o own_o they_o can_v not_o prescribe_v for_o it_o but_o it_o be_v think_v a_o penny_n be_v a_o reasonable_a recompense_n and_o the_o subject_n have_v a_o benefit_n by_o it_o and_o if_o he_o will_v bring_v his_o cloth_n to_o london_n to_o be_v sell_v he_o shall_v come_v thither_o to_o have_v it_o view_v and_o give_v a_o recompense_n for_o it_o now_o london_n be_v all_o market_n indeed_o every_o shop_n be_v a_o market_n and_o it_o have_v be_v well_o say_v of_o the_o judge_n several_a time_n in_o westminster-hall_n that_o london_n be_v the_o market_n of_o all_o england_n and_o there_o be_v never_o a_o acre_n in_o england_n but_o be_v the_o better_a for_o that_o as_o to_o the_o imposition_n upon_o coal_n that_o be_v but_o a_o inducement_n and_o a_o inducement_n be_v never_o to_o be_v rely_v upon_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v stand_v upon_o and_o mr._n solicitor_n do_v very_o honourable_o decline_v it_o and_o do_v not_o make_v any_o thing_n of_o it_o nor_o trouble_v the_o case_n with_o it_o when_o the_o city_n do_v make_v this_o act_n of_o common_a council_n they_o do_v consult_v with_o their_o counsel_n for_o matter_n of_o law_n and_o with_o their_o officer_n and_o fellow-citizen_n for_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o do_v adjust_a these_o rate_n and_o enact_v they_o to_o be_v pay_v they_o be_v reasonable_a one_o and_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a usage_n but_o if_o they_o be_v mistake_v it_o will_v be_v no_o cause_n for_o you_o to_o give_v judgement_n against_o they_o for_o many_o other_o reason_n as_o first_o you_o can_v judge_v this_o to_o be_v unreasonable_a i_o have_v not_o hear_v one_o word_n say_v that_o this_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a oppressive_a toll_n here_o be_v money_n levy_v what_o then_o if_o it_o be_v a_o reasonable_a sum_n it_o be_v not_o so_o great_a it_o do_v not_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o oppression_n i_o say_v it_o be_v not_o so_o great_a a_o oppression_n if_o they_o shall_v have_v be_v mistake_v in_o the_o form_n of_o institute_v the_o levy_n of_o it_o if_o they_o may_v have_v do_v it_o under_o their_o common_a seal_n and_o now_o they_o have_v do_v it_o without_o that_o by_o act_n of_o common_a council_n nay_o it_o do_v not_o deserve_v that_o you_o shall_v judge_v it_o unreasonable_a you_o can_v do_v it_o here_o for_o the_o consideration_n be_v meritorious_a and_o equivalent_a to_o it_o the_o great_a charge_n they_o be_v at_o in_o building_n and_o they_o still_o daily_o be_v at_o in_o cleanse_v and_o repair_v and_o provide_v stall_n but_o however_o the_o case_n be_v not_o so_o disclose_v here_o that_o you_o can_v judicial_o determine_v this_o to_o be_v a_o unreasonable_a toll_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n in_o coke_n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 222._o the_o toll_n of_o a_o market_n need_v not_o be_v certain_a only_o it_o must_v be_v reasonable_a and_o what_o shall_v be_v deem_v reasonable_a the_o judge_n must_v determine_v if_o it_o come_v judicial_o before_o they_o so_o shall_v reasonable_a custom_n and_o reasonable_a fine_n and_o reasonable_a service_n and_o reasonable_a time_n to_o remove_v good_n and_o the_o like_a they_o must_v
i_o understand_v not_o for_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o flat_a and_o plain_a against_o he_o if_o so_o be_v we_o shall_v forfeit_v our_o toll_n or_o our_o market_n be_v it_o so_o nay_o if_o we_o shall_v forfeit_v our_o liberty_n of_o have_v a_o common_a council_n what_o then_o how_o be_v it_o possible_a to_o bring_v it_o up_o to_o a_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o corporation_n you_o shall_v forfeit_v a_o court_n of_o pypowder_n if_o you_o forfeit_v your_o market_n because_o it_o be_v incident_a to_o it_o and_o dependent_a upon_o it_o and_o subject_n to_o what_o danger_n the_o market_n itself_o be_v subject_a to_o but_o the_o be_v of_o a_o corporation_n nothing_o can_v transcend_v that_o to_o be_v sure_a what_o be_v incident_a to_o it_o can_v transcend_v it_o it_o be_v but_o a_o subject_a to_o that_o which_o be_v be_v superior_a for_o example_n sake_n my_o lord_n i_o will_v cite_v you_o a_o case_n which_o be_v the_o case_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n too_o about_o the_o measurage_n of_o coal_n it_o be_v sir_n julius_n caesar_n case_n 1_o leon_n '_o 106._o and_o i_o choose_v to_o cite_v that_o book_n for_o though_o it_o do_v not_o come_v out_o with_o your_o lordship_n authority_n yet_o my_o late_a lord_n chancellor_n give_v this_o just_a account_n of_o it_o that_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a of_o our_o late_a report_n sir_n julius_n caesar_n libel_v in_o the_o admiralty_n against_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o city_n for_o measure_v coal_n upon_o the_o thames_n fleetwood_n come_v to_o the_o bar_n and_o pray_v a_o prohibition_n and_o edgerton_n the_o solicitor_n on_o the_o other_o side_n complain_v that_o the_o mayor_n of_o london_n do_v take_v a_o fine_a for_o this_o measurage_n and_o make_v a_o office_n of_o it_o and_o this_o he_o conceive_v be_v extortion_n which_o be_v the_o thing_n complain_v of_o here_o in_o so_o many_o word_n and_o be_v upon_o the_o thames_n shall_v be_v punish_v in_o the_o admiralty_n as_o to_o that_o the_o judge_n reply_v by_o no_o mean_n and_o wrey_a &_o gawdey_n say_v if_o it_o be_v extortion_n in_o the_o mayor_n there_o be_v no_o remedy_n for_o it_o in_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n but_o in_o the_o king_n court_n and_o it_o shall_v be_v redress_v here_o in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la say_v gawdy_a it_o be_v true_a a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la may_v well_o have_v be_v bring_v for_o redress_v that_o extortion_n but_o it_o can_v not_o mean_v thereby_o that_o the_o corporation_n shall_v be_v dissolve_v and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o understand_v be_v most_o plain_a for_o according_o a_o quo_n warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v you_o have_v it_o in_o coke_n entry_n fol._n 535._o and_o 536._o placit_fw-la '_o 4._o and_o the_o city_n of_o london_n appear_v and_o plead_v and_o prescribe_v to_o it_o and_o thereupon_o the_o attorney_n general_n that_o then_o be_v my_o lord_n coke_n himself_o be_v satisfy_v and_o confess_v their_o title_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o they_o and_o since_o it_o have_v be_v hold_v good_a and_o they_o have_v enjoy_v it_o in_o peace_n and_o this_o i_o hope_n be_v a_o good_a example_n for_o mr._n attorney_n to_o follow_v in_o this_o case_n my_o lord_n i_o come_v now_o to_o that_o part_n which_o i_o come_v least_o willing_o to_o i_o mean_v that_o of_o the_o petition_n and_o that_o which_o i_o have_v to_o say_v in_o it_o be_v this_o my_o lord_n first_o i_o say_v that_o this_o petition_n be_v justify_v in_o the_o plead_v and_o i_o hope_v it_o be_v very_o justifiable_a if_o it_o be_v but_o excusable_a it_o be_v enough_o that_o it_o be_v justifiable_a to_o petition_v the_o king_n in_o our_o necessity_n and_o extremity_n be_v plain_a from_o what_o my_o lord_n hobart_n say_v fol._n 220._o he_o say_v it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o court_n in_o renham_n case_n that_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o subject_a to_o petition_v to_o the_o king_n for_o a_o redress_n in_o a_o humble_a and_o modest_a manner_n for_o as_o it_o be_v there_o say_v access_n to_o the_o sovereign_n must_v not_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o case_n of_o the_o subject_n distress_n now_o the_o common_a council_n be_v not_o less_o privilege_v than_o any_o other_o sure_a but_o rather_o more_o in_o this_o kind_n of_o addressing_z and_o petition_v i_o can_v tell_v what_o crime_n to_o make_v of_o this_o there_o be_v so_o much_o allege_v against_o we_o i_o do_v very_o well_o observe_v true_o and_o will_v always_o observe_v and_o remember_v in_o all_o such_o case_n what_o my_o lord-kéeper_n here_o say_v to_o your_o lordship_n that_o council_n shall_v not_o so_o much_o speak_v as_o if_o they_o will_v abett_v the_o gild_n of_o their_o client_n rather_o than_o advocate_n for_o their_o innocency_n my_o lord_n if_o the_o word_n themselves_o that_o be_v allege_v be_v not_o word_n that_o be_v unlawful_a to_o be_v deliver_v or_o speak_v than_o all_o this_o that_o they_o be_v dress_v up_o with_o of_o the_o intention_n to_o censure_v the_o king_n and_o to_o bring_v he_o into_o dislike_n with_o his_o people_n all_o that_o must_v go_v for_o nothing_o and_o be_v not_o to_o weigh_v in_o the_o case_n now_o the_o word_n be_v these_o that_o there_o be_v a_o prorogation_n and_o by_o mean_n of_o this_o there_o be_v depend_v so_o many_o impeachment_n of_o lord_n and_o other_o and_o bill_n in_o the_o parliament_n in_o both_o house_n which_o can_v not_o be_v perfect_v any_o where_o but_o there_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o public_a justice_n and_o the_o make_v provision_n necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o protestant_a subject_n receive_v a_o interruption_n now_o my_o lord_n i_o conceive_v these_o word_n be_v not_o word_n that_o in_o themselves_o be_v unlawful_a and_o for_o that_o your_o lordship_n will_v be_v please_v to_o consider_v our_o plea_n i_o need_v not_o repeat_v it_o you_o have_v it_o before_o you_o if_o they_o be_v in_o sense_n and_o substance_n the_o same_o word_n that_o have_v be_v speak_v by_o the_o king_n and_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n he_o that_o will_v not_o be_v satisfy_v with_o that_o authority_n will_v not_o be_v satisfy_v with_o any_o then_o what_o do_v we_o say_v we_o say_v that_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o public_a justice_n receive_v a_o interruption_n do_v not_o the_o king_n say_v so_o and_o more_o in_o his_o speech_n we_o have_v set_v forth_o wherein_o he_o recommend_v it_o to_o both_o house_n that_o justice_n may_v be_v do_v what_o be_v the_o meaning_n then_o but_o this_o if_o the_o further_a prosecution_n of_o the_o offender_n go_v not_o on_o justice_n be_v not_o do_v and_o so_o we_o speak_v but_o the_o king_n word_n we_o say_v they_o be_v not_o try_v or_o they_o be_v not_o try_v they_o themselves_o complain_v of_o it_o to_o this_o day_n and_o therefore_o justice_n do_v receive_v a_o interruption_n i_o be_o confident_a without_o reflection_n that_o honourable_a person_n my_o lord_n danby_n in_o this_o point_n have_v say_v word_n much_o more_o liable_a to_o exception_n though_o true_o word_n that_o i_o believe_v deserve_v no_o rebuke_n he_o have_v complain_v that_o justice_n be_v not_o do_v in_o his_o case_n because_o he_o be_v not_o try_v and_o that_o when_o he_o desire_v to_o be_v try_v too_o but_o his_o liberty_n take_v away_o and_o he_o forfeit_v that_o which_o be_v dear_a to_o he_o than_o land_n or_o honour_n his_o health_n whereby_o he_o endanger_v his_o life_n and_o lose_v all_o the_o comfort_n of_o life_n if_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o he_o to_o say_v as_o certain_o it_o be_v that_o justice_n be_v not_o do_v in_o his_o case_n why_o may_v not_o the_o city_n say_v so_o either_o these_o lord_n ought_v to_o be_v condemn_v or_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v acquit_v it_o be_v hard_a to_o say_v justice_n be_v do_v when_o they_o lie_v so_o long_o in_o prison_n and_o be_v not_o either_o acquit_v or_o condemn_v then_o we_o say_v this_o that_o the_o make_v provision_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n person_n and_o of_o his_o protestant_a subject_n receive_v a_o interruption_n to_o this_o part_n we_o give_v this_o answer_n we_o set_v forth_o that_o there_o be_v bill_n depend_v in_o the_o parliament_n for_o this_o purpose_n and_o that_o be_v agree_v to_o we_o by_o the_o demurrer_n and_o that_o these_o bill_n can_v not_o pass_v into_o law_n any_o more_o than_o the_o lord_n can_v be_v try_v but_o in_o parliament_n why_o then_o if_o so_o be_v it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o matter_n can_v be_v do_v nor_o provision_n make_v but_o as_o that_o proclamation_n that_o issue_v for_o the_o fast_o say_v and_o as_o the_o address_n of_o both_o house_n for_o the_o fast_o do_v say_v by_o the_o blessing_n of_o god_n upon_o the_o counsel_n of_o king_n and_o parliament_n if_o
or_o scandal_n the_o king_n or_o his_o government_n and_o for_o these_o great_a crime_n commit_v by_o the_o city_n i_o pray_v judgement_n against_o they_o mr._n pollexfen_n upon_o another_o day_n for_o the_o city_n his_o argument_n in_o this_o case_n when_o i_o consider_v the_o greatness_n and_o consequence_n of_o it_o that_o it_o affect_v the_o king_n the_o parliament_n the_o law_n the_o very_a government_n under_o which_o we_o have_v live_v this_o great_a city_n of_o london_n and_o all_o other_o corporation_n and_o people_n of_o england_n and_o their_o posterity_n for_o ever_o i_o can_v but_o be_v trouble_v that_o i_o shall_v be_v the_o man_n to_o who_o lot_n it_o shall_v fall_v to_o argue_v it_o but_o that_o which_o comfort_v i_o be_v that_o your_o lordship_n and_o the_o court_n upon_o who_o the_o judgement_n of_o this_o great_a case_n depend_v will_v help_v out_o my_o defect_n and_o according_a to_o what_o be_v require_v in_o the_o great_a place_n you_o bear_v take_v care_n and_o provide_v that_o by_o your_o judgement_n the_o ancient_a government_n and_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n receive_v no_o damage_n or_o alteration_n the_o king_n counsel_n have_v on_o their_o side_n only_o some_o general_a word_n out_o of_o old_a record_n of_o forfeiture_n and_o seizure_n of_o liberty_n which_o be_v of_o uncertain_a and_o doubtful_a sense_n but_o there_o be_v not_o on_o their_o side_n produce_v any_o one_o precedent_n judgement_n or_o opinion_n to_o maintain_v the_o point_n in_o question_n viz._n that_o a_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a ever_o be_v determine_v or_o dissolve_v or_o take_v away_o for_o a_o forfeiture_n no_o not_o in_o the_o mad_a of_o time_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o and_z richard_z the_o second_o when_o the_o tumult_n and_o disorder_n be_v so_o great_a that_o they_o not_o only_o seize_v and_o take_v away_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n but_o the_o life_n of_o prince_n noble_n judge_n lawyer_n and_o all_o that_o stand_v in_o their_o way_n in_o those_o time_n though_o they_o have_v hunt_v and_o search_v with_o all_o diligence_n not_o one_o instance_n of_o a_o corporation_n take_v away_o or_o dissolve_v by_o a_o forfeiture_n be_v cite_v so_o that_o from_o hence_o i_o hope_v i_o may_v safe_o conclude_v that_o i_o argue_v in_o this_o case_n for_o the_o old_a and_o know_v law_n as_o they_o have_v be_v ever_o practise_v through_o all_o age_n and_o against_o that_o which_o never_o have_v be_v practise_v or_o know_v which_o be_v a_o great_a encouragement_n to_o i_o the_o plead_n being_n very_o long_o i_o shall_v only_o repeat_v so_o much_o of_o they_o as_o i_o use_v when_o i_o come_v in_o order_n to_o speak_v of_o they_o i._o the_o first_o thing_n proper_a to_o be_v speak_v to_o be_v the_o information_n itself_o and_o therein_o i_o make_v this_o question_n whether_o as_o to_o that_o part_n thereof_o that_o charge_v the_o corporation_n with_o usurp_a upon_o themselves_o the_o be_v of_o a_o corporation_n whether_o that_o be_v proper_o bring_v against_o the_o body_n politic_a as_o this_o be_v or_o aught_o to_o have_v be_v bring_v against_o the_o particular_a person_n i_o do_v agree_v that_o as_o to_o the_o other_o thing_n mention_v in_o the_o information_n the_o have_v sheriff_n justice_n etc._n etc._n the_o information_n be_v proper_o bring_v against_o the_o corporation_n and_o i_o do_v also_o agree_v that_o it_o may_v be_v good_a as_o to_o those_o thing_n though_o bad_a and_o insufficient_a as_o to_o the_o charge_v the_o corporation_n with_o usurpation_n of_o their_o be_v without_o lawful_a warrant_n or_o authority_n and_o that_o i_o may_v come_v single_o to_o this_o question_n i_o do_v put_v out_o all_o the_o other_o franchise_n in_o the_o information_n and_o take_v only_o what_o concern_v this_o point_n and_o then_o the_o information_n as_o to_o this_o point_n charge_v that_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n by_o the_o space_n of_o a_o month_n last_o pass_v before_o the_o information_n do_v use_v and_o claim_v to_o have_v and_o use_v without_o any_o warrant_n or_o regal_a concession_n within_o the_o city_n of_o london_n the_o liberty_n and_o franchise_n follow_v viz._n to_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a re_n facto_fw-la &_o nomine_fw-la by_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n and_o by_o that_o name_n to_o plead_v and_o be_v implead_v which_o liberty_n privilege_n and_o franchise_n the_o same_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n upon_o the_o king_n by_o the_o time_n aforesaid_a have_v and_o yet_o do_v usurp_v this_o be_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o information_n as_o to_o this_o point_n and_o whether_o this_o information_n thus_o bring_v as_o to_o this_o matter_n be_v sufficient_a in_o the_o law_n upon_o which_o a_o judgement_n can_v be_v give_v or_o aught_o to_o have_v be_v bring_v against_o particular_a person_n be_v the_o question_n i_o conceive_v it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v bring_v against_o particular_a person_n and_o be_v insufficient_a as_o it_o be_v and_o that_o no_o judgement_n can_v be_v give_v upon_o it_o suppose_v the_o defendant_n have_v demur_v or_o plead_v nothing_o to_o it_o to_o make_v out_o the_o insufficiency_n i_o desire_v to_o consider_v what_o it_o import_v 1._o the_o very_a bring_v the_o writ_n and_o exhibit_v the_o information_n against_o the_o corporation_n import_v and_o admit_v the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n to_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a capable_a to_o be_v sue_v and_o implead_v respondere_fw-la &_o responderi_fw-la otherwise_o there_o be_v no_o defendant_n no_o person_n in_o court_n against_o who_o the_o suit_n be_v bring_v it_o be_v not_o enough_o that_o the_o person_n sue_v be_v a_o person_n by_o supposition_n or_o a_o pretend_a person_n but_o none_o in_o reality_n if_o a_o writ_n or_o information_n be_v bring_v against_o a_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr this_o must_v admit_v that_o they_o be_v baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr real_o and_o true_o and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n after_o in_o the_o writ_n or_o information_n that_o show_v that_o they_o be_v not_o true_o and_o real_o baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr but_o that_o they_o do_v wrongful_o and_o undue_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o be_v baron_n and_o feme_fw-fr when_o in_o truth_n they_o be_v not_o this_o will_v be_v contrariant_n and_o repugnant_a and_o abate_v the_o writ_n or_o information_n the_o like_a be_v suppose_v by_o the_o bring_v the_o writ_n or_o information_n against_o the_o body_n politic_a it_o suppose_v and_o affirm_v they_o real_o and_o true_o to_o be_v such_o and_o the_o subsequent_a affirmation_n that_o they_o usurp_v so_o to_o be_v and_o be_v not_o so_o real_o be_v contrariant_n and_o repugnant_a 2._o when_o in_o the_o information_n it_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o ayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n the_o liberty_n privilege_n and_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a re_n facto_fw-la &_o nomine_fw-la and_o to_o be_v sue_v and_o implead_v upon_o the_o king_n have_v and_o yet_o do_v usurp_v to_o usurp_v or_o do_v any_o act_n of_o necessity_n import_v and_o admit_v a_o precedent_a existence_n of_o the_o person_n that_o do_v usurp_v or_o do_v the_o act_n to_o the_o act_n do_v particular_a person_n may_v usurp_v and_o take_v upon_o themselves_o that_o which_o they_o have_v no_o right_n unto_o the_o person_n that_o do_v the_o act_n do_v before_o exist_v and_o have_v a_o be_v and_o when_o a_o corporation_n be_v say_v to_o usurp_v it_o of_o necessity_n must_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v a_o precedent_n be_v the_o sense_n of_o usurpation_n in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v the_o subject_n take_v upon_o he_o franchise_n without_o warrant_n my_o lord_n coke_n say_v b._n inst_z 1.277_o b._n that_o usurpation_n in_o the_o common_a law_n have_v two_o signification_n 1._o the_o one_o when_o a_o stranger_n present_v to_o a_o benefice_n and_o his_o clerk_n institute_v and_o induct_v he_o gain_v the_o advowson_n by_o usurpation_n 2._o the_o other_o when_o any_o subject_a without_o lawful_a warrant_n do_v use_v any_o royal_a franchise_n he_o be_v say_v then_o to_o usurp_v upon_o the_o king_n so_o that_o a_o usurpation_n suppose_v of_o necessity_n a_o subject_a or_o a_o person_n precedent_o in_o esso_fw-la that_o use_v the_o franchise_n or_o that_o do_v usurp_v that_o which_o be_v not_o in_o esse_fw-la that_o have_v no_o existence_n can_v use_v any_o franchise_n can_v usurp_v the_o very_a allege_v that_o they_o usurp_v do_v admit_v of_o necessity_n a_o existence_n precedent_n in_o the_o corporation_n such_o as_o can_v usurp_v or_o act_n and_o therefore_o this_o information_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o itself_o 3._o but_o another_o reason_n to_o prove_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v against_o particular_a person_n and_o can_v be_v against_o the_o body_n politic_a be_v draw_v from_o the_o judgement_n that_o must_v be_v give_v upon_o this_o information_n if_o
svo_fw-la pro_fw-la usurpatione_fw-la libertat_fw-la &_o french_a predict_v '_o that_o this_o be_v the_o form_n c._n en._n 559._o a_o 537._o 527._o b_o 3_o that_o this_o judgement_n of_o new_a malton_n pass_v sub_fw-la silentio_fw-la for_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o it_o in_o any_o book_n nor_o do_v it_o appear_v that_o ever_o the_o question_n be_v move_v or_o debate_v and_o for_o precedent_n in_o matter_n of_o practice_n and_o process_n they_o be_v of_o authority_n but_o in_o point_n of_o law_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v upon_o debate_n be_v of_o little_a authority_n to_o prove_v what_o the_o law_n be_v rep._n 4._o 94._o slade_n case_n l._n 5._o e._n 4._o 110._o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a all_o the_o precedent_n that_o be_v in_o any_o print_a book_n of_o information_n where_o bring_v to_o question_n whether_o body_n politic_a or_o not_o be_v against_o particular_a person_n by_o name_n against_o christopher_n helden_n and_o other_o 455._o c._n en._n 527._o pal._n 9_o foe_n rol._n 2._o r._n 113_o 115._o rol._n 2._o 455._o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o cusack_n and_o other_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o virginia_n company_n be_v bring_v against_o nic_n '_o farder_n and_o other_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o be_v a_o corporation_n some_o of_o they_o plead_v insufficient_o upon_o which_o there_o be_v a_o demur_n and_o a_o question_n how_o the_o judgement_n shall_v be_v enter_v for_o that_o the_o master_n and_o chief_a of_o the_o company_n be_v leave_v out_o of_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v bring_v against_o the_o master_n and_o particular_a member_n by_o name_n next_o for_o the_o express_a authority_n in_o this_o case_n to_o prove_v it_o can_v be_v against_o the_o corporation_n rol._n rep._n 2._o 15._o be_v express_v that_o if_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la be_v bring_v to_o dissolve_v a_o corporation_n the_o writ_n ought_v to_o be_v bring_v against_o the_o 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positive_a this_o if_o it_o be_v only_o my_o lord_n hales_n judgement_n be_v of_o no_o little_a authority_n but_o i_o think_v it_o be_v a_o report_n take_v upon_o the_o case_n of_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o cusack_n and_o other_o but_o mr._n attorney_n find_v as_o i_o believe_v that_o all_o the_o precedent_n to_o be_v against_o he_o for_o in_o they_o all_o there_o be_v either_o non_fw-fr pross_n or_o no_o proceed_n to_o judgement_n the_o cause_n whereof_o or_o at_o least_o some_o of_o they_o probable_o may_v be_v the_o insufficiency_n of_o these_o information_n and_o find_v also_o the_o authority_n in_o print_n which_o have_v be_v cite_v to_o be_v all_o against_o he_o and_o none_o for_o he_o endeavour_v to_o maintain_v the_o information_n as_o bring_v not_o against_o the_o corporation_n but_o against_o the_o citizen_n or_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n in_o their_o natural_a capacity_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n cite_v the_o case_n c._n en._n 537._o of_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o village_n quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la they_o claim_v to_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a and_o argue_v that_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la lie_v against_o the_o cives_fw-la of_o such_o a_o city_n or_o burgenses_n or_o tenant_n this_o seem_v to_o be_v rather_o a_o sudden_a conceit_n and_o altogether_o undigested_a and_o not_o well_o consider_v but_o in_o answer_n thereunto_o and_o to_o prove_v that_o this_o writ_n be_v bring_v against_o the_o defendant_n as_o a_o corporation_n and_o can_v legal_o be_v take_v in_o any_o other_o case_n if_o a_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n plead_v that_o they_o be_v seize_v in_o fee_n 153._o leo._n 1._o 153._o they_o need_v not_o say_v in_o right_o of_o their_o corporation_n the_o name_n show_v they_o to_o be_v a_o corporation_n it_o need_v not_o be_v allege_v a_o action_n there_o bring_v by_o the_o guardian_n and_o fellowship_n of_o weaver_n the_o book_n say_v 211._o hob._n 211._o that_o they_o need_v not_o set_v themselves_o out_o to_o be_v incorporate_a the_o name_n show_v it_o so_o of_o city_n say_v the_o book_n so_o then_o when_o the_o writ_n be_v bring_v against_o a_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n or_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n the_o law_n take_v notice_n of_o they_o to_o be_v a_o corporation_n and_o the_o writ_n against_o they_o as_o such_o the_o name_n show_v it_o but_o against_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o village_n a_o writ_n bring_v by_o the_o name_n that_o can_v be_v take_v to_o be_v other_o than_o inhabitant_n the_o name_n so_o show_v it_o and_o in_o such_o case_n some_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n by_o name_n viz._n a._n and_o b._n appear_v in_o person_n in_o their_o own_o and_o name_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o plead_v and_o be_v defendant_n co._n en._n 537._o so_o do_v they_o as_o appear_v in_o that_o precedent_n no_o appearance_n ever_o be_v of_o inhabitant_n in_o other_o manner_n but_o in_o this_o case_n here_o be_v no_o person_n that_o do_v appear_v 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the_o information_n be_v ill_o bring_v they_o can_v have_v no_o judgement_n against_o we_o 2._o but_o admit_v that_o the_o information_n as_o to_o this_o point_n be_v sufficient_a then_o i_o procee_v to_o consider_v the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o case_n the_o plea_n that_o contain_v the_o defendant_n title_n viz._n that_o she_o be_v a_o corporation_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o many_o confirmation_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o charter_n it_o be_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o the_o title_n make_v by_o the_o plea_n be_v good_a but_o next_o the_o replication_n that_o contain_v 1._o a_o issue_n upon_o the_o prescription_n viz._n that_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n have_v not_o be_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n a_o corporation_n by_o name_n of_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o citizen_n etc._n etc._n 2._o a_o plead_v over_o that_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n and_o citizen_n take_v upon_o they_o assumente_n super_fw-la se_fw-la to_o be_v a_o body-politick_a and_o to_o have_v power_n 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day_n
that_o this_o be_v such_o i_o hope_v most_o plain_o to_o show_v in_o the_o distinguish_a the_o different_a nature_n of_o franchise_n which_o i_o shall_v do_v present_o only_o take_v in_o my_o way_n their_o next_o reason_n that_o they_o offer_v and_o answer_n both_o together_o which_o be_v obj._n 3_o that_o a_o corporation_n be_v a_o franchise_n that_o it_o commence_v by_o grant_n and_o therefore_o forfeitable_a and_o surrenderable_a as_o other_o franchise_n be_v and_o if_o they_o be_v surrenderable_a then_o also_o be_v they_o forfeitable_a resp_n i_o do_v agree_v that_o franchise_n be_v a_o large_a word_n it_o be_v of_o the_o like_a sense_n of_o liberty_n or_o privilege_n therefore_o in_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la franchise_n liberty_n and_o privilege_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o sense_n to_o be_v a_o subject_a bear_v and_o to_o have_v liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o a_o freeman_n and_o no_o villian_n be_v a_o great_a franchise_n and_o therefore_o in_o law_n when_o a_o 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true_a position_n that_o whatsoever_o be_v grantable_a be_v surrenderable_a and_o if_o surrenderable_a forfeitable_a which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o reason_n give_v by_o the_o king_n counsel_n why_o a_o corporation_n be_v forfeitable_a for_o these_o franchise_n or_o privilege_n be_v by_o grant_n and_o yet_o not_o surrenderable_a or_o forfeitable_a and_o this_o also_o show_v that_o argument_n general_a and_o from_o general_a rule_n be_v most_o fallible_a and_o fit_a only_a to_o take_v weak_a apprehension_n but_o next_o consider_v what_o it_o be_v to_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a or_o corporation_n a_o body_n politic_a be_v frame_v and_o constitute_v in_o similitude_n or_o likeness_n of_o a_o natural_a body_n with_o capacity_n to_o take_v hold_n and_o enjoy_v and_o act_n as_o a_o natural_a body_n and_o can_v no_o more_o surrender_v or_o forfeit_v his_o be_v while_o the_o member_n of_o that_o body_n be_v subsist_v than_o a_o natural_a body_n can_v while_n alive_a it_o be_v only_o a_o capacity_n frame_v and_o create_v in_o a_o multitude_n to_o be_v and_o act_v as_o one_o person_n they_o be_v incorporate_a and_o make_v one_o body_n politic_a that_o have_v power_n and_o capacity_n or_o franchise_n of_o act_v take_v holding_z and_o grant_v this_o be_v their_o franchise_n admit_v it_o so_o but_o differ_v from_o other_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n of_o all_o other_o nature_n be_v estate_n and_o inheritance_n grantable_a and_o conveyable_a from_o one_o to_o another_o as_o other_o estate_n be_v this_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n grantable_a or_o transferrable_a other_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n affect_v the_o king_n subject_n and_o be_v privilege_n claim_v wherein_o the_o king_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o subject_n not_o claim_v the_o franchise_n be_v more_o concern_v than_o in_o this_o of_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a for_o other_o franchise_n either_o convey_v some_o profit_n from_o the_o king_n as_o felon_n good_n waif_n estray_v wreck_n or_o the_o like_a or_o affect_v his_o subject_n as_o court_n gaol_n return_v of_o writ_n fair_n market_n and_o the_o like_a but_o this_o of_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a be_v only_o a_o capacity_n to_o be_v a_o person_n capable_a of_o have_v and_o hold_v what_o may_v be_v grant_v unto_o it_o and_o of_o grant_v and_o act_v as_o a_o natural_a body_n and_o affect_v the_o king_n or_o other_o his_o subject_n no_o otherwise_o than_o give_v capacity_n to_o take_v hold_v and_o enjoy_v what_o they_o can_v get_v as_o other_o person_n capacitate_v may_v other_o franchise_n liberty_n and_o privilege_n be_v distinct_a and_o separate_a estate_n and_o if_o any_o one_o be_v forfeit_a as_o it_o may_v for_o misuser_n the_o rest_n be_v not_o except_o incident_n and_o appurtenance_n but_o if_o the_o be_v of_o a_o corporation_n be_v forfeit_v all_o their_o estate_n land_n good_n and_o chattel_n be_v go_v at_o once_o so_o that_o though_o you_o admit_v and_o call_v this_o a_o liberty_n or_o franchise_n it_o be_v nothing_o like_o in_o its_o nature_n to_o those_o thing_n general_o know_v and_o understand_v by_o the_o name_n of_o franchise_n or_o liberty_n and_o general_a say_n be_v general_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v general_o so_o take_v and_o call_v if_o then_o there_o be_v such_o great_a and_o apparent_a difference_n betwixt_o this_o of_o the_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a suppose_v it_o be_v in_o a_o general_n and_o large_a sense_n a_o franchise_n liberty_n or_o privilege_n and_o other_o particular_a franchise_n admit_v that_o which_o be_v say_v that_o the_o misuser_n of_o a_o franchise_n be_v a_o forfeiture_n hold_v general_o true_a yet_o it_o be_v not_o in_o every_o particular_a true_a where_o there_o be_v such_o apparent_a difference_n and_o reason_n to_o distinguish_v as_o betwixt_o the_o be_v of_o a_o corporation_n or_o a_o body_n politic_a which_o be_v only_o a_o capacity_n and_o other_o particular_a franchise_n which_o be_v estate_n there_o be_v also_o apparent_a reason_n to_o distinguish_v betwixt_o one_o and_o the_o other_o they_o be_v so_o much_o differ_v one_o from_o the_o other_o in_o nature_n and_o reality_n but_o next_o that_o this_o be_v never_o take_v in_o law_n to_o be_v such_o a_o franchise_n liberty_n or_o privilege_n as_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a meaning_n of_o franchise_n or_o liberty_n by_o sta._n of_o glost_n '_o writ_n be_v to_o go_v to_o all_o sheriff_n forty_o day_n before_o the_o eire_n of_o general_a summons_n 278._o 6_o e._n 1._o inst_z 2._o 278._o for_o all_o to_o come_v in_o at_o the_o eire_n to_o claim_v their_o privilege_n and_o the_o second_o day_n of_o the_o sit_v of_o the_o justice_n in_o eire_n a_o proclamation_n make_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n in_o the_o comment_n upon_o that_o statute_n it_o appear_v 282._o inst_z 2._o 281._o 282._o that_o if_o the_o party_n do_v not_o appear_v his_o franchise_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n nomine_fw-la districtionis_fw-la and_o if_o not_o replevied_a sit_v the_o eire_n they_o be_v forfeit_a or_o lose_v for_o ever_o if_o the_o party_n do_v appear_v and_o do_v not_o claim_v than_o they_o be_v lose_v for_o ever_o in_o all_o the_o proceed_n in_o eire_n there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n can_v be_v find_v that_o the_o corporation_n do_v come_v in_o and_o make_v claim_n to_o their_o be_v corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a or_o that_o ever_o any_o be_v seize_v if_o it_o be_v seisable_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n or_o be_v forfeit_a for_o not_o claim_v fulher_n and_o heyward_n c._n palm_n 491._o it_o appear_v that_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n there_o surrender_v their_o charter_n and_o all_o their_o manor_n land_n possession_n privilege_n franchise_n and_o hereditament_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o this_o with_o intent_n to_o surrender_v that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o new_a corporation_n erect_v as_o be_v recite_v in_o the_o letter_n patent_n of_o new_a erection_n in_o this_o case_n rep._n 3._o 75._o and._n 2._o 120._o jones_n 168._o resolve_v that_o by_o this_o surrender_n the_o old_a corporation_n be_v not_o surrender_v this_o judgement_n do_v conclude_v and_o must_v be_v give_v either_o because_o by_o the_o word_n franchise_n and_o the_o other_o general_a word_n the_o franchise_n of_o be_v a_o corporation_n be_v not_o comprehend_v or_o if_o the_o word_n be_v sufficient_a and_o do_v comprise_v it_o that_o it_o can_v not_o by_o law_n be_v surrendered_n this_o i_o think_v sufficient_o show_v that_o corporation_n be_v in_o law_n as_o person_n natural_a be_v and_o in_o like_a manner_n claim_v and_o that_o the_o be_v a_o body_n politic_a or_o corporation_n be_v not_o to_o be_v claim_v comprise_v or_o mean_v within_o the_o general_a word_n franchise_n no_o more_o than_o the_o liberty_n or_o franchise_n of_o denizen_n or_o manumission_n next_o no_o instance_n can_v be_v give_v of_o any_o seizure_n of_o any_o corporation_n or_o body_n politic_a for_o
say_v that_o that_o surrender_n be_v not_o think_v good_a till_o confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o as_o for_o the_o other_o case_n dyer_n 282._o of_o the_o surrender_n of_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o st._n patrick_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n there_o give_v be_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n 3_o car._n 1._o in_o the_o case_n of_o heyward_n and_o fulcher_n in_o jones_n 168._o deny_v to_o be_v law_n and_o say_v to_o be_v a_o private_a resolution_n so_o that_o these_o two_o case_n in_o dyer_n have_v be_v by_o those_o late_a authority_n deny_v remain_v no_o authority_n and_o as_o for_o the_o other_o authority_n viz._n the_o opinion_n of_o justice_n jones_n 168._o that_o a_o corporation_n may_v be_v dissolve_v by_o a_o proper_a act_n viz._n by_o resignation_n that_o be_v true_a take_v in_o the_o sense_n he_o speak_v it_o it_o be_v speak_v of_o a_o dean_n and_o chapter_n resign_v to_o the_o ordinary_a viz._n the_o dean_n resign_v his_o place_n of_o dean_n and_o the_o prebendary_n of_o the_o chapter_n resign_v their_o prebend_n to_o the_o ordinary_a whereby_o their_o church_n and_o prebend_n become_v void_a and_o to_o be_v supply_v by_o the_o respective_a patron_n collate_v or_o present_v as_o in_o case_n of_o resignation_n by_o any_o parson_n or_o vicar_n to_o his_o ordinary_n but_o this_o be_v nothing_o of_o a_o surrender_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a to_o the_o king_n and_o thereby_o dissolve_v the_o corporation_n and_o destroy_v all_o supply_n by_o new_a presentment_n or_o collation_n and_o this_o appear_v by_o the_o very_a word_n of_o justice_n jones_n there_o for_o when_o he_o say_v they_o may_v be_v dissolve_v by_o a_o proper_a act_n viz._n by_o resignation_n the_o next_o word_n be_v or_o by_o death_n of_o the_o whole_a corporation_n and_o the_o king_n be_v patron_n it_o be_v in_o his_o election_n whether_o he_o will_v collate_v de_fw-fr novo_fw-la or_o not_o and_o till_o he_o collate_n the_o corporation_n be_v in_o suspense_n but_o if_o the_o bishop_n be_v patron_n than_o the_o bishop_n upon_o the_o resignation_n have_v power_n to_o collate_n and_o thereby_o to_o continue_v the_o corporation_n so_o that_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o the_o resignation_n he_o speak_v of_o be_v not_o mean_v for_o any_o surrender_n to_o the_o king_n or_o any_o thing_n that_o determine_v the_o corporation_n except_o the_o patron_n will_v not_o collate_v and_o thereby_o suffer_v the_o corporation_n to_o cease_v but_o of_o the_o contrary_a that_o a_o corporation_n can_v be_v dissolve_v by_o any_o surrender_n the_o suppression_n and_o dissolution_n of_o the_o abbey_n priory_n and_o monastery_n by_o h._n 8._o be_v not_o dissolution_n of_o their_o body_n politic_a br._n extinguishment_n 75._o br._n corporation_n 78._o davies_n rep._n 1._o moor_n be_v rep._n 282._o though_o their_o house_n and_o all_o their_o possession_n be_v go_v and_o the_o person_n either_o discharge_v of_o their_o order_n or_o send_v into_o other_o house_n yet_o resolve_v that_o the_o corporation_n remain_v and_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v imagine_v but_o in_o some_o of_o those_o case_n it_o will_v have_v be_v practise_v or_o at_o lest_o something_o say_v about_o surrender_v their_o body_n politic_a if_o it_o have_v be_v then_o think_v surrenderable_a but_o the_o case_n of_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o norwich_n rep._n 3._o 41_o eliz._n before_o cite_v and_o the_o case_n of_o heyward_n and_o fulcher_n before_o mention_v in_o 3_o car._n 1._o jones_n 168._o palm_n rep._n 500_o 501._o anders_n 2._o 120._o have_v be_v cite_v as_o judgement_n against_o surrender_n by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n be_v bench._n the_o case_n be_v that_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n of_o norwich_n 3_o junii_fw-la 1_o e._n 6._o surrender_v to_o the_o king_n their_o cathedral_n church_n &_o all_o their_o manor_n land_n tenement_n hereditament_n franchise_n and_o liberty_n spiritual_n and_o temporal_a by_o whatsoever_o name_n they_o be_v know_v or_o which_o they_o have_v or_o aught_o to_o have_v in_o the_o right_n of_o their_o church_n and_o by_o the_o case_n 41_o eliz._n co._n rep._n 3._o 74._o and_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n be_v bench._n 3_o car._n 1._o adjudge_v that_o this_o be_v no_o surrender_n of_o the_o corporation_n obj._n that_o the_o word_n of_o the_o surrender_n do_v not_o show_v any_o intent_n to_o surrender_v the_o corporation_n but_o only_o the_o possession_n resp_n the_o be_v of_o a_o corporation_n be_v a_o franchise_n or_o liberty_n and_o there_o be_v a_o express_a surrender_n of_o all_o franchise_n and_o liberty_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a by_o what_o name_n soever_o know_v which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o right_n of_o their_o church_n and_o this_o be_v a_o spiritual_a franchise_n which_o they_o have_v in_o right_a of_o their_o church_n next_o this_o surrender_n be_v make_v with_o intent_n to_o dissolve_v the_o corporation_n and_o to_o have_v a_o new_a one_o erect_v this_o appear_v by_o the_o new_a charter_n of_o erection_n make_v in_o november_n follow_v which_o recite_v the_o surrender_n make_v to_o that_o intent_n it_o be_v not_o any_o where_n in_o the_o many_o argument_n of_o that_o case_n allege_v that_o there_o want_v word_n in_o the_o surrender_n to_o do_v it_o which_o will_v have_v be_v if_o that_o have_v be_v the_o ground_n of_o their_o judgement_n in_o the_o case_n cite_v out_o of_o dyer_n 282._o there_o the_o word_n of_o the_o surrender_n be_v that_o they_o surrender_v their_o church_n house_n land_n and_o possession_n which_o be_v not_o half_a so_o large_a and_o ample_a word_n as_o in_o this_o surrender_n be_v contain_v and_o the_o other_o side_n cite_v that_o as_o a_o authority_n to_o prove_v a_o corporation_n surrender_v and_o admit_v the_o word_n there_o sufficient_a and_o deny_v they_o to_o be_v sufficient_a here_o though_o much_o more_o large_a express_a and_o general_a the_o argue_v there_o in_o palmer_n 501._o that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o nature_n and_o constitution_n of_o corporation_n that_o by_o the_o word_n put_v in_o their_o charter_n by_o their_o very_a constitution_n be_v to_o have_v perpetual_a succession_n perpetuis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la duratur_fw-la and_o which_o by_o their_o oath_n they_o be_v swear_v to_o preserve_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v felo_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la and_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o judge_n report_v in_o these_o book_n show_v their_o opinion_n that_o the_o corporation_n can_v not_o be_v surrender_v jones_n 168._o dodderidge_n justice_n there_o say_v that_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n can_v surrender_v their_o corporation_n palm_n 501._o whitlock_n inst_z there_o say_v for_o that_o that_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n be_v counsel_n to_o the_o bishop_n institute_v to_o that_o purpose_n they_o can_v dissolve_v themselves_o for_o the_o politic_a corporation_n be_v the_o soul_n to_o the_o body_n that_o can_v be_v grant_v or_o sever_v though_o the_o king_n can_v create_v a_o corporation_n he_o can_v dissolve_v it_o and_o jones_n inst_z there_o 502._o say_v that_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n be_v counsel_n to_o the_o bishop_n and_o can_v destroy_v themselves_o if_o they_o can_v great_a inconvenience_n thereby_o will_v ensue_v to_o the_o church_n finis_fw-la