exclude_v the_o consideration_n of_o thing_n at_o a_o distance_n yet_o we_o have_v so_o great_a a_o abhorrence_n of_o pain_n that_o a_o little_a of_o it_o extinguish_v all_o our_o pleasure_n a_o little_a bitter_a mingle_v in_o our_o cup_n leave_v no_o relish_n of_o the_o sweet_a and_o hence_o it_o come_v that_o at_o any_o rate_n we_o desire_v to_o be_v rid_v of_o the_o present_a evil_n which_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o think_v nothing_o absent_a can_v equal_v since_o while_o the_o pain_n remain_v we_o find_v not_o ourselves_o capable_a of_o any_o the_o least_o degree_n of_o happiness_n hence_o we_o see_v the_o present_a pain_n any_o one_o suffer_v be_v always_o the_o worst_a and_o it_o be_v with_o anguish_n they_o cry_v out_o any_o other_o rather_o than_o this_o nothing_o can_v be_v so_o intolerable_a as_o what_o i_o now_o suffer_v and_o therefore_o our_o whole_a endeavour_n and_o thought_n be_v intent_n to_o get_v rid_v of_o the_o present_a evil_n before_o all_o thing_n as_o the_o first_o necessary_a step_n towards_o happiness_n let_v what_o will_v follow_v nothing_o as_o we_o passionate_o think_v can_v exceed_v or_o almost_o equal_a the_o pain_n we_o feel_v and_o because_o the_o abstinence_n from_o a_o present_a pleasure_n that_o offer_v itself_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o pain_n nay_o oftentimes_o a_o very_a great_a one_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o that_o operate_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n pain_n do_v and_o lessen_v in_o our_o thought_n what_o be_v future_a and_o so_o force_v we_o as_o it_o be_v blindfold_z into_o its_o embrace_n thus_o much_o of_o the_o wrong_a judgement_n we_o make_v of_o present_a and_o future_a pleasure_n and_o pain_n when_o they_o be_v compare_v together_o and_o so_o the_o absent_a consider_v as_o future_a §_o 43._o ii_o as_o to_o thing_n good_a or_o bad_a in_o their_o consequence_n and_o by_o the_o aptness_n be_v in_o they_o to_o procure_v we_o good_a or_o evil_n in_o the_o future_a we_o judge_v amiss_o several_a way_n 1._o when_o we_o judge_v that_o so_o much_o evil_n do_v not_o real_o depend_v on_o they_o as_o in_o truth_n there_o do_v 2._o when_o we_o judge_v that_o though_o the_o consequence_n be_v of_o that_o moment_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o of_o that_o certainty_n but_o that_o it_o may_v otherwise_o fall_v out_o or_o else_o by_o some_o mean_n be_v avoid_v as_o by_o industry_n address_n change_n repentance_n etc._n etc._n but_o that_o these_o be_v wrong_a way_n of_o judge_v be_v easy_a to_o show_v in_o every_o particular_a if_o i_o will_v examine_v they_o at_o large_a single_o but_o i_o shall_v only_o mention_v this_o in_o general_a viz._n that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a wrong_n and_o irrational_a way_n of_o proceed_v to_o venture_v a_o great_a good_a and_o evil_a for_o a_o less_o upon_o uncertain_a guess_n and_o before_o due_a and_o through_o examination_n as_o far_o as_o a_o man_n knowledge_n can_v by_o any_o endeavour_n or_o assistance_n attain_v this_o i_o think_v every_o one_o must_v confess_v especial_o if_o he_o consider_v the_o usual_a cause_n of_o this_o wrong_a judgement_n whereof_o these_o follow_a be_v some_o §_o 44._o i._o ignorance_n he_o that_o judge_n without_o inform_v himself_o to_o the_o utmost_a that_o he_o be_v capable_a can_v acquit_v himself_o of_o judge_v amiss_o ii_o inadvertency_n when_o a_o man_n overlook_v even_o that_o which_o he_o do_v know_v this_o be_v a_o affect_a and_o present_a ignorance_n which_o mislead_v our_o judgement_n as_o much_o as_o the_o other_o judge_v be_v as_o it_o be_v balance_v a_o account_n and_o determine_v on_o which_o side_n the_o odds_o lie_v if_o therefore_o either_o side_n be_v huddle_v up_o in_o haste_n and_o several_a of_o the_o sum_n that_o shall_v have_v go_v into_o the_o reckon_n be_v overlook_v and_o leave_v out_o this_o precipitancy_n cause_v as_o wrong_v a_o judgement_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o perfect_a ignorance_n that_o which_o most_o common_o cause_v this_o be_v the_o prevalency_n of_o some_o present_a pleasure_n heighten_v by_o our_o feeble_a passionate_a nature_n most_o strong_o wrought_v on_o by_o what_o be_v present_a to_o check_v this_o precipitancy_n our_o understanding_n and_o reason_n be_v give_v we_o if_o we_o will_v make_v a_o right_a use_n of_o it_o to_o search_v and_o see_v and_o then_o judge_v thereupon_o how_o much_o sloth_n and_o negligence_n heat_n and_o passion_n the_o prevalency_n of_o fashion_n or_o acquire_v indisposition_n do_v several_o contribute_v on_o occasion_n to_o these_o wrong_a judgement_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o far_o inquire_v §_o 45._o this_o i_o think_v be_v certain_a that_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o will_n be_v everywhere_o determine_v by_o the_o great_a apparent_a good_n however_o it_o may_v be_v wrong_o represent_v by_o the_o understanding_n and_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a man_n shall_v pursue_v so_o different_a course_n as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o world_n have_v they_o not_o different_a measure_n of_o good_a and_o evil._n but_o yet_o morality_n establish_v upon_o its_o true_a foundation_n can_v but_o determine_v the_o choice_n in_o any_o one_o that_o will_v but_o consider_v and_o he_o that_o will_v not_o be_v so_o far_o a_o rational_a creature_n as_o to_o reflect_v serious_o upon_o infinite_a happiness_n and_o misery_n must_v needs_o condemn_v himself_o as_o not_o make_v that_o use_n of_o his_o understanding_n he_o shall_v the_o reward_n and_o punishment_n of_o another_o life_n which_o the_o almighty_a have_v establish_v as_o the_o enforcement_n of_o his_o law_n be_v of_o weight_n enough_o to_o determine_v the_o choice_n against_o whatever_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n this_o life_n can_v show_v when_o the_o eternal_a state_n be_v consider_v in_o its_o bare_a possibility_n which_o no_o body_n can_v deny_v he_o that_o will_v allow_v exquisite_a and_o endless_a happiness_n to_o be_v but_o the_o possible_a consequence_n of_o a_o good_a life_n here_o or_o the_o contrary_a state_n the_o possible_a reward_n of_o a_o bad_a one_o must_v own_v himself_o to_o judge_v very_o much_o amiss_o if_o he_o do_v not_o conclude_v that_o a_o virtuous_a life_n with_o the_o certain_a expectation_n of_o everlasting_a bliss_n which_o may_v come_v be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o a_o vicious_a one_o with_o the_o fear_n of_o that_o dreadful_a state_n of_o misery_n which_o it_o be_v very_o possible_a may_v overtake_v the_o guilty_a or_o at_o best_a the_o terrible_a uncertain_a hope_n of_o annihilation_n this_o be_v evident_o so_o though_o the_o virtuous_a life_n here_o have_v nothing_o but_o pain_n and_o the_o vicious_a continual_a pleasure_n which_o yet_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n quite_o otherwise_o and_o wicked_a man_n have_v not_o much_o the_o odds_o to_o brag_v of_o even_o in_o their_o present_a possession_n nay_o all_o thing_n right_o consider_v have_v i_o think_v even_o the_o worse_a part_n here_o but_o when_o infinite_a happiness_n be_v put_v in_o one_o scale_n against_o infinite_a misery_n in_o the_o other_o if_o the_o worst_a that_o come_v to_o the_o pious_a man_n if_o he_o mistake_v be_v the_o best_a that_o the_o wicked_a can_v attain_v to_o if_o he_o be_v in_o the_o right_n who_o can_v without_o madness_n run_v the_o venture_n who_o in_o his_o wit_n will_v choose_v to_o come_v within_o a_o possibility_n of_o infinite_a misery_n which_o if_o he_o miss_v there_o be_v yet_o nothing_o to_o be_v get_v by_o that_o hazard_n whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o sober_a man_n venture_v nothing_o against_o infinite_a happiness_n to_o be_v get_v if_o his_o expectation_n come_v to_o pass_v if_o the_o good_a man_n be_v in_o the_o right_n he_o be_v eternal_o happy_a if_o he_o mistake_v he_o be_v not_o miserable_a he_o feel_v nothing_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o wicked_a be_v in_o the_o right_n he_o be_v not_o happy_a if_o he_o mistake_v he_o be_v infinite_o miserable_a must_v it_o not_o be_v a_o most_o manifest_a wrong_n judgement_n that_o do_v not_o present_o see_v to_o which_o side_n in_o this_o case_n the_o preference_n be_v to_o be_v give_v i_o have_v forbear_v to_o mention_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o certainty_n or_o probability_n of_o a_o â—uture_a state_n design_v here_o to_o show_v the_o wrong_a judgement_n that_o any_o one_o must_v allow_v he_o make_v upon_o his_o own_o principle_n lay_v how_o he_o please_v who_o prefer_v the_o short_a pleasure_n of_o a_o vicious_a life_n upon_o any_o consideration_n whilst_o he_o know_v and_o can_v but_o be_v certain_a that_o a_o future_a life_n be_v at_o least_o possible_a §_o 46._o under_o this_o simple_a idea_n of_o power_n i_o have_v take_v occasion_n to_o explain_v our_o idea_n of_o will_n volition_n liberty_n and_o necessity_n which_o have_v a_o great_a mixture_n in_o they_o than_o belong_v bare_o to_o simple_a modes_n may_v perhaps_o be_v better_o place_v among_o the_o more_o complex_fw-la for_o will_n for_o example_n contain_v in_o it_o
be_v represent_v to_o our_o view_n §_o 38._o so_o that_o that_o which_o determine_v the_o choice_n of_o the_o will_n and_o obtain_v the_o preference_n be_v still_o good_a the_o great_a good_a but_o it_o be_v also_o only_o good_a that_o appear_v that_o which_o carry_v with_o it_o the_o expectation_n of_o addition_n to_o our_o happiness_n by_o the_o increase_n of_o our_o pleasure_n either_o in_o degree_n sort_n or_o duration_n or_o by_o the_o prevent_n lessen_v or_o shorten_v of_o pain_n thus_o the_o temptation_n of_o a_o pleasant_a taste_n bring_v a_o surfeit_n a_o disease_n and_o perhaps_o death_n too_o on_o one_o who_o look_v no_o far_o than_o that_o apparent_a good_a than_o the_o present_a pleasure_n who_o see_v not_o the_o remote_a and_o conceal_a evil_n and_o the_o hope_n of_o ease_v or_o prevent_v some_o great_a pain_n sweeten_v another_o man_n draught_n and_o make_v that_o willing_o be_v swallow_v which_o in_o itself_o be_v nauseous_a and_o unpleasant_a both_o these_o man_n be_v move_v to_o what_o they_o do_v by_o the_o appearance_n of_o good_a though_o the_o one_o find_v ease_n and_o health_n and_o the_o other_o a_o disease_n and_o destruction_n and_o therefore_o to_o he_o that_o look_v beyond_o this_o world_n and_o be_v full_o persuade_v that_o god_n the_o righteous_a judge_n will_v render_v to_o every_o man_n according_a to_o his_o deed_n to_o they_o who_o by_o patient_a continuance_n in_o well_o do_v seek_v for_o glory_n and_o honour_n and_o immortality_n eternal_a life_n but_o unto_o every_o soul_n that_o do_v evil_a indignation_n and_o wrath_n tribulation_n and_o anguish_n to_o he_o i_o say_v who_o have_v a_o prospect_n of_o the_o different_a state_n of_o perfect_a happiness_n or_o misery_n that_o attend_v all_o man_n after_o this_o life_n depend_v on_o their_o behaviour_n here_o the_o measure_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a that_o govern_v his_o choice_n be_v mighty_o change_v for_o since_o nothing_o of_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n in_o this_o life_n can_v bear_v any_o proportion_n to_o endless_a happiness_n or_o exquisite_a misery_n of_o a_o immortal_a soul_n hereafter_o action_n in_o his_o power_n will_v have_v their_o preference_n not_o according_a to_o the_o transient_a pleasure_n or_o pain_n that_o accompany_v or_o follow_v they_o here_o but_o as_o they_o serve_v to_o secure_v that_o perfect_a durable_a happiness_n hereafter_o §_o 36._o he_o than_o that_o will_v account_v for_o the_o misery_n that_o man_n often_o bring_v on_o themselves_o notwithstanding_o that_o they_o do_v all_o in_o earnest_n pursue_v happiness_n and_o always_o prefer_v the_o great_a apparent_a good_n must_v consider_v how_o thing_n come_v to_o be_v represent_v to_o our_o choice_n under_o deceitful_a appearance_n and_o that_o be_v by_o the_o judgement_n pronounce_v wrong_o concern_v they_o to_o see_v how_o far_o this_o reach_n and_o what_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o wrong_a judgement_n we_o must_v remember_v that_o thing_n be_v judge_v good_a or_o bad_a in_o a_o double_a sense_n first_o that_o which_o be_v proper_o good_a or_o bad_a be_v nothing_o but_o bare_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n second_o but_o because_o not_o only_o present_a pleasure_n and_o pain_n but_o that_o also_o which_o be_v apt_a by_o its_o efficacy_n or_o consequence_n to_o bring_v it_o upon_o we_o at_o a_o distance_n can_v but_o move_v the_o will_n and_o determine_v the_o choice_n of_o a_o creature_n that_o have_v soresight_n therefore_o thing_n also_o that_o draw_v after_o they_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n be_v consider_v as_o good_a and_o evil._n §_o 40._o the_o wrong_a judgement_n that_o mislead_v we_o and_o make_v the_o will_n often_o fasten_v on_o the_o worse_a side_n lie_v in_o misreport_v upon_o the_o various_a comparison_n of_o these_o the_o wrong_a judgement_n i_o be_o here_o speak_v of_o be_v not_o what_o one_o man_n may_v think_v of_o the_o determination_n of_o another_o but_o what_o every_o man_n himself_o must_v confess_v to_o be_v wrong_n for_o since_o i_o lay_v it_o for_o a_o certain_a ground_n that_o every_o intelligent_a be_v real_o seek_v happiness_n and_o will_v enjoy_v all_o the_o pleasure_n he_o can_v and_o suffer_v no_o pain_n it_o be_v impossible_a any_o one_o shall_v willing_o put_v into_o his_o own_o draught_n any_o bitter_a ingredient_n or_o leave_v out_o any_o thing_n in_o his_o power_n that_o can_v add_v to_o its_o sweetness_n but_o only_o by_o a_o wrong_a judgement_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o speak_v of_o that_o mistake_n which_o be_v the_o consequence_n of_o invincible_a error_n which_o scarce_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o wrong_a judgement_n but_o of_o that_o wrong_a judgement_n which_o every_o man_n himself_o must_v confess_v to_o be_v so_o §_o 41._o i._n therefore_o as_o to_o present_a pleasure_n and_o pain_n the_o mind_n as_o have_v be_v say_v never_o mistake_v that_o which_o be_v real_o good_a or_o evil_n that_o which_o be_v the_o great_a pleasure_n or_o the_o great_a pain_n be_v real_o just_a as_o it_o appear_v but_o though_o present_a pleasure_n and_o pain_n show_v their_o difference_n and_o degree_n so_o plain_o as_o not_o to_o leave_v room_n for_o mistake_v yet_o when_o we_o compare_v present_a pleasure_n or_o pain_n with_o future_a we_o often_o make_v wrong_a judgement_n of_o they_o take_v our_o measure_n of_o they_o in_o different_a position_n of_o distance_n object_n near_o our_o view_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v think_v great_a than_o those_o of_o a_o large_a size_n that_o be_v more_o remote_a and_o so_o it_o be_v with_o pleasure_n and_o pain_n the_o present_a be_v apt_a to_o carry_v it_o and_o those_o at_o a_o distance_n have_v the_o disadvantage_n in_o the_o comparison_n thus_o most_o man_n like_o spendthrift_n heir_n be_v apt_a to_o judge_v a_o little_a in_o hand_n better_o than_o a_o great_a deal_n to_o come_v and_o so_o for_o small_a matter_n in_o possession_n part_n with_o great_a one_o in_o reversion_n but_o that_o this_o be_v a_o wrong_a judgement_n every_o one_o must_v allow_v let_v his_o pleasure_n consist_v in_o whatever_o it_o will_v since_o that_o which_o be_v future_a will_v certain_o come_v to_o be_v present_a and_o then_o have_v the_o same_o advantage_n of_o nearness_n will_v show_v its_o self_n in_o its_o full_a dimension_n and_o discover_v his_o wilful_a mistake_n who_o judge_v of_o it_o by_o unequal_a measure_n be_v the_o pleasure_n of_o drink_v accompany_v the_o very_a moment_n a_o man_n take_v off_o his_o glass_n with_o that_o sick_a stomach_n and_o ake_v head_n which_o in_o some_o man_n be_v sure_a to_o follow_v not_o many_o hour_n after_o i_o think_v no_o body_n whatever_o pleasure_n he_o have_v in_o his_o cup_n will_v on_o these_o condition_n ever_o let_v wine_n touch_v his_o lip_n which_o yet_o he_o gay_o swallow_v and_o the_o evil_a side_n come_v to_o be_v choose_v only_o by_o the_o fallacy_n of_o a_o little_a difference_n in_o time_n but_o if_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n can_v be_v so_o lessen_v only_o by_o a_o few_o hour_n removal_n how_o much_o more_o will_v it_o be_v so_o by_o a_o far_a distance_n to_o a_o man_n that_o will_v not_o by_o a_o due_a consideration_n do_v what_o time_n will_v i._n e._n bring_v it_o home_o upon_o himself_o consider_v it_o as_o present_v and_o there_o take_v its_o true_a dimension_n this_o be_v the_o way_n we_o usual_o impose_v on_o ourselves_o in_o respect_n of_o bare_a pleasure_n and_o pain_n or_o the_o true_a degree_n of_o happiness_n or_o misery_n the_o future_a lose_v its_o just_a proportion_n and_o what_o be_v present_a obtain_v the_o preference_n as_o the_o great_a i_o mention_v not_o here_o the_o wrong_a judgement_n whereby_o the_o absent_a be_v not_o only_o lessen_v but_o reduce_v to_o perfect_v nothing_o when_o man_n enjoy_v what_o they_o can_v in_o present_a and_o make_v sure_a of_o that_o conclude_v amiss_o that_o no_o evil_a will_v thence_o follow_v for_o that_o lie_v not_o in_o compare_v the_o greatness_n of_o future_a good_a and_o evil_a which_o be_v that_o we_o be_v here_o speak_v of_o but_o in_o another_o sort_n of_o wrong_a judgement_n which_o be_v concern_v good_a or_o evil_a as_o it_o be_v consider_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n and_o procurement_n of_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n that_o will_v follow_v from_o it_o §_o 42._o the_o cause_n of_o our_o judge_v amiss_o when_o we_o compare_v our_o present_a pleasure_n or_o pain_n with_o future_a seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v the_o weak_a and_o narrow_a constitution_n of_o our_o mind_n we_o can_v well_o enjoy_v two_o pleasure_n at_o once_o much_o less_o any_o pleasure_n almost_o whilst_o pain_n possess_v we_o the_o present_a pleasure_n if_o it_o be_v not_o very_o languid_a and_o almost_o none_o at_o all_o fill_v our_o narrow_a soul_n and_o so_o take_v up_o all_o our_o mind_n that_o it_o scarce_o leave_v any_o thought_n of_o thing_n absent_a or_o if_o many_o of_o our_o pleasure_n be_v not_o strong_a enough_o to_o
from_o another_o where_o there_o be_v but_o the_o least_o difference_n consist_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n the_o exactness_n of_o judgement_n and_o clearness_n of_o reason_n which_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o one_o man_n above_o another_o and_o hence_o perhaps_o may_v be_v give_v some_o reason_n of_o that_o common_a observation_n that_o man_n who_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o wit_n and_o prompt_a memory_n have_v not_o always_o the_o clear_a judgement_n or_o deep_a reason_n for_o wit_n lie_v most_o in_o the_o assemblage_n of_o idea_n and_o put_v those_o together_o with_o quickness_n and_o variety_n wherein_o can_v be_v find_v any_o resemblance_n or_o congruity_n thereby_o to_o make_v up_o pleasant_a picture_n and_o agreeable_a vision_n in_o the_o fancy_n judgement_n on_o the_o contrary_a lie_v quite_o on_o the_o other_o side_n in_o separate_v careful_o idea_n one_o from_o another_o wherein_o can_v be_v find_v the_o least_o difference_n thereby_o to_o avoid_v be_v mislead_v by_o 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the_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o one_o body_n to_o those_o of_o another_o which_o the_o cartesian_o give_v we_o prove_v a_o much_o better_a definition_n of_o motion_n when_o well_o examine_v §_o 10._o the_o act_n of_o perspicuous_a as_o far_o forth_o as_o perspicuous_a be_v another_o peripatetic_a definition_n of_o a_o simple_a idea_n which_o though_o not_o more_o absurd_a than_o the_o former_a of_o motion_n yet_o betray_v its_o uselessness_n and_o insignificancy_n more_o plain_o because_o experience_n will_v easy_o convince_v any_o one_o that_o it_o can_v make_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n light_n which_o it_o pretend_v to_o define_v at_o all_o understand_v by_o a_o blind_a man_n but_o the_o definition_n of_o motion_n appear_v not_o at_o first_o sight_n so_o useless_a because_o it_o escape_v this_o way_n of_o trial._n for_o this_o simple_a idea_n enter_v by_o the_o touch_n as_o well_o as_o sight_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o show_v a_o example_n of_o any_o one_o who_o 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their_o name_n be_v understand_v in_o such_o collection_n of_o idea_n pass_v under_o one_o name_n definition_n or_o the_o teach_n the_o signification_n of_o one_o word_n by_o several_a other_o have_v place_n and_o may_v make_v we_o understand_v the_o name_n of_o thing_n which_o never_o come_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o our_o sense_n and_o frame_v idea_n suitable_a to_o those_o in_o other_o man_n mind_n when_o they_o use_v those_o name_n provide_v that_o none_o of_o the_o term_n of_o the_o definition_n stand_v for_o any_o such_o simple_a idea_n which_o he_o to_o who_o the_o explication_n be_v make_v have_v never_o yet_o have_v in_o his_o thought_n thus_o the_o word_n statue_n may_v be_v explain_v to_o a_o blind_a man_n by_o other_o word_n when_o picture_n can_v his_o sense_n have_v give_v he_o the_o idea_n of_o figure_n but_o not_o of_o colour_n which_o therefore_o word_n can_v excite_v in_o he_o this_o gain_v the_o prize_n to_o the_o painter_n against_o the_o statuary_n each_o of_o which_o contend_v for_o the_o excellency_n of_o his_o art_n and_o the_o statuary_n brag_v that_o his_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v because_o it_o reach_v far_o and_o even_o those_o who_o have_v lose_v their_o eye_n can_v yet_o perceive_v the_o excellency_n of_o it_o the_o painter_n agree_v to_o refer_v himself_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o a_o blind_a man_n who_o be_v bring_v where_o there_o be_v a_o statue_n make_v by_o the_o one_o and_o a_o picture_n draw_v by_o the_o other_o he_o be_v first_o lead_v to_o the_o statue_n in_o which_o he_o trace_v with_o his_o hand_n all_o the_o lineament_n of_o the_o face_n and_o body_n and_o with_o great_a admiration_n applaud_v the_o skill_n of_o the_o workman_n but_o be_v lead_v to_o the_o picture_n and_o have_v his_o
right_a construction_n of_o grammatical_a rule_n or_o the_o harmony_n of_o well_o turn_v period_n do_v yet_o amount_v to_o nothing_o but_o bare_a sound_n and_o nothing_o else_o §_o 27._o second_o he_o that_o have_v complex_fw-la ideas_n without_o particular_a name_n for_o they_o will_v be_v in_o no_o better_a a_o case_n than_o a_o bookseller_n who_o have_v in_o his_o warehouse_n volume_n that_o lay_v there_o unbound_v and_o without_o title_n which_o he_o can_v therefore_o make_v know_v to_o other_o only_o by_o show_v the_o loose_a sheet_n and_o communicate_v they_o only_o by_o tale._n this_o man_n be_v hinder_v in_o his_o discourse_n for_o want_v of_o word_n to_o communicate_v his_o complex_fw-la idea_n which_o he_o be_v therefore_o force_v to_o make_v know_v by_o a_o enumeration_n of_o the_o simple_a one_o that_o compose_v they_o and_o so_o be_v say_v often_o to_o use_v twenty_o word_n to_o express_v what_o another_o man_n signify_v in_o one_o §_o 28._o three_o he_o that_o use_v not_o constant_o the_o same_o sign_n for_o the_o same_o idea_n but_o use_v the_o same_o word_n sometime_o in_o one_o and_o sometime_o in_o another_o signification_n aught_o to_o pass_v in_o the_o school_n and_o conversation_n for_o as_o fair_a a_o man_n as_o he_o do_v in_o the_o market_n and_o exchange_n who_o sell_v several_a thing_n under_o the_o same_o name_n §_o 29._o four_o he_o that_o apply_v the_o word_n of_o any_o language_n to_o idea_n different_a from_o those_o to_o which_o the_o common_a use_n of_o that_o country_n apply_v they_o however_o his_o own_o understanding_n may_v be_v fill_v with_o truth_n and_o light_n will_v not_o by_o such_o word_n be_v able_a to_o convey_v one_o jot_n of_o it_o to_o other_o without_o define_v for_o however_o the_o sound_n be_v such_o as_o be_v familiar_o know_v and_o easy_o enter_v the_o ear_n of_o those_o who_o be_v accustom_v to_o they_o yet_o stand_v for_o other_o idea_n than_o they_o usual_o make_v they_o the_o sign_n of_o they_o can_v make_v know_v his_o thought_n who_o use_v they_o §_o 30._o five_o he_o that_o have_v idea_n of_o substance_n which_o never_o exist_v nor_o have_v any_o correspondence_n with_o the_o real_a nature_n of_o thing_n to_o which_o he_o give_v settle_v and_o define_v name_n may_v fill_v his_o discourse_n and_o perhaps_o another_o man_n head_n with_o the_o fantastical_a imagination_n of_o his_o own_o brain_n but_o will_v be_v very_o far_o from_o advance_v thereby_o one_o jot_n in_o real_a and_o true_a knowledge_n §_o 31._o he_o that_o have_v name_n without_o idea_n want_v meaning_n in_o his_o word_n and_o speak_v only_o empty_a sound_n he_o that_o have_v complex_fw-la ideas_n without_o name_n for_o they_o want_v liberty_n and_o dispatch_v in_o his_o expression_n and_o be_v necessitate_v to_o use_v periphrasis_n he_o that_o use_v his_o word_n loose_o and_o unsteady_o will_v either_o be_v not_o mind_v or_o not_o understand_v he_o that_o apply_v his_o name_n to_o idea_n different_a from_o their_o common_a use_n want_v propriety_n in_o his_o language_n and_o speak_v gibberish_n and_o he_o that_o have_v idea_n of_o substance_n disagree_v with_o the_o real_a existence_n of_o thing_n so_o far_o want_v the_o material_n of_o true_a knowledge_n in_o his_o understanding_n and_o have_v instead_o thereof_o chimera_n §_o 32._o in_o our_o notion_n concern_v substance_n we_o be_v liable_a to_o all_o the_o former_a inconvenience_n v_o g._n 1._o he_o that_o use_v the_o word_n tarantula_n without_o have_v any_o imagination_n or_o idea_n of_o what_o it_o stand_v for_o pronounce_v a_o good_a word_n but_o so_o long_o mean_v nothing_o at_o all_o by_o it_o 2._o he_o that_o in_o a_o new-discovered_n country_n shall_v see_v several_a sort_n of_o animal_n and_o vegetable_n unknown_a to_o he_o before_o may_v have_v as_o true_a idea_n of_o they_o as_o of_o a_o horse_n or_o a_o stag_n but_o can_v speak_v of_o they_o only_o by_o a_o description_n till_o he_o shall_v either_o take_v the_o name_n the_o native_n call_v they_o by_o or_o give_v they_o one_o himself_o 3._o he_o that_o use_v the_o word_n body_n sometime_o for_o pure_a extension_n and_o sometime_o for_o extension_n and_o solidity_n together_o will_v talk_v very_o fallacious_o 4._o he_o that_o give_v the_o name_n horse_n to_o that_o idea_n which_o common_a usage_n call_v mule_n talk_v improper_o and_o will_v not_o be_v understand_v 5._o he_o that_o think_v the_o name_n centaur_n stand_v for_o some_o real_a be_v impose_v on_o himself_o and_o mistake_v word_n for_o thing_n §_o 33._o in_o modes_n and_o relation_n general_o we_o be_v liable_a only_o to_o the_o four_o first_o of_o these_o inconvenience_n viz._n 1._o i_o may_v have_v in_o my_o memory_n the_o name_n of_o modes_n as_o gratitude_n or_o charity_n and_o yet_o not_o have_v any_o precise_a idea_n annex_v in_o my_o thought_n to_o those_o name_n 2._o i_o may_v have_v idea_n and_o not_o know_v the_o name_n that_o belong_v to_o they_o v_o g._n i_o may_v have_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o man_n drink_v till_o his_o colour_n and_o humour_n be_v alter_v till_o his_o tongue_n trip_v and_o his_o eye_n look_v red_a and_o his_o foot_n fail_v he_o and_o yet_o not_o know_v that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v call_v drunkenness_n 3._o i_o may_v have_v the_o idea_n of_o virtue_n or_o vice_n and_o name_n also_o but_o apply_v they_o amiss_o v_o g._n when_o i_o apply_v the_o name_n frugality_n to_o that_o idea_n which_o other_o call_v and_o signify_v by_o this_o sound_n covetousness_n 4._o i_o may_v use_v any_o of_o those_o name_n with_o inconstancy_n 5._o but_o in_o modes_n and_o relation_n i_o can_v have_v idea_n disagree_v to_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n for_o modes_n be_v complex_fw-la ideas_n make_v by_o the_o mind_n at_o pleasure_n and_o relation_n be_v but_o my_o way_n of_o consider_v or_o compare_v two_o thing_n together_o and_o so_o also_o a_o idea_n oâ—_n my_o own_o make_n these_o idea_n can_v scarce_o be_v sound_a to_o disagree_v with_o any_o thing_n exist_v since_o they_o be_v not_o in_o the_o mind_n as_o the_o copy_n of_o thing_n regular_o make_v by_o nature_n nor_o as_o property_n inseparable_o slow_v from_o the_o internal_a constitution_n or_o essence_n of_o any_o substance_n but_o as_o it_o be_v pattern_n lodge_v in_o my_o memory_n with_o name_n annex_v to_o they_o to_o denominate_v action_n and_o relation_n by_o as_o they_o come_v to_o exist_v but_o the_o mistake_n be_v common_o in_o my_o give_v a_o wrong_a name_n to_o my_o conception_n and_o so_o use_v word_n in_o a_o different_a sense_n from_o other_o people_n i_o be_o not_o understand_v but_o be_o think_v to_o have_v wrong_a idea_n of_o they_o when_o i_o give_v wrong_a name_n to_o they_o only_o if_o i_o put_v in_o my_o idea_n of_o mix_a modes_n or_o relation_n any_o inconsistent_a idea_n together_o i_o fill_v my_o head_n also_o with_o chimera_n since_o such_o idea_n if_o well_o examine_v can_v so_o much_o as_o exist_v in_o the_o mind_n much_o less_o any_o real_a be_v be_v ever_o denominate_v from_o they_o §_o 34._o since_o wit_n and_o fancy_n find_v easy_a entertainment_n in_o the_o world_n than_o dry_a truth_n and_o real_a knowledge_n figurative_a speech_n and_o allusion_n in_o language_n will_v hardly_o be_v admit_v as_o a_o imperfection_n or_o abuse_n of_o it_o i_o confess_v in_o discourse_n where_o we_o seek_v rather_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n than_o information_n and_o improvement_n such_o ornament_n as_o be_v borrow_v from_o they_o can_v scarce_o pass_v for_o fault_n but_o yet_o if_o we_o will_v speak_v of_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v we_o must_v allow_v that_o all_o the_o art_n of_o rhetoric_n beside_o order_n and_o clearness_n all_o the_o artificial_a and_o figurative_a application_n of_o word_n eloquence_n have_v invent_v be_v for_o nothing_o else_o but_o to_o insinuate_v wrong_a idea_n move_v the_o passion_n and_o thereby_o mislead_v the_o judgement_n and_o so_o indeed_o be_v perfect_a cheat_n and_o therefore_o however_o laudable_a or_o allowable_a oratory_n may_v render_v they_o in_o harangue_n and_o popular_a address_n they_o be_v certain_o in_o all_o discourse_n that_o pretend_v to_o inform_v and_o instruct_v whole_o to_o be_v avoid_v and_o where_o truth_n and_o knowledge_n be_v concern_v can_v but_o be_v think_v a_o great_a fault_n either_o of_o the_o language_n or_o person_n that_o make_v use_v of_o they_o what_o and_o how_o various_a they_o be_v i_o shall_v not_o trouble_v myself_o to_o take_v notice_n the_o book_n of_o rhetoric_n which_o abound_v in_o the_o world_n will_v inform_v those_o who_o want_v to_o be_v inform_v only_o i_o can_v but_o observe_v how_o little_a the_o preservation_n and_o improvement_n of_o truth_n and_o knowledge_n be_v the_o care_n and_o concern_v of_o mankind_n since_o the_o art_n of_o fallacy_n be_v endow_v and_o prefer_v and_o it_o
be_v plain_a how_o much_o man_n love_v to_o deceive_v and_o be_v deceive_v since_o the_o great_a art_n of_o deceit_n and_o error_n rhetoric_n i_o mean_v have_v its_o establish_a professor_n be_v public_o teach_v and_o have_v always_o be_v have_v in_o great_a reputation_n and_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v be_v think_v great_a boldness_n if_o not_o brutality_n in_o i_o to_o have_v say_v thus_o much_o against_o it_o eloquence_n like_o the_o fair_a sex_n have_v too_o prevail_a beauty_n in_o it_o to_o suffer_v itself_o ever_o to_o be_v speak_v against_o and_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o find_v fault_n with_o those_o art_n of_o deceive_v wherein_o man_n find_v pleasure_n to_o be_v deceive_v chap._n xi_o of_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o forego_n imperfection_n and_o abuse_n §_o 1._o the_o natural_a and_o improve_v imperfection_n of_o language_n we_o have_v see_v above_o at_o large_a and_o speech_n be_v the_o great_a bond_n that_o hold_v society_n together_o and_o the_o common_a conduit_n whereby_o the_o improvement_n of_o knowledge_n be_v convey_v from_o one_o man_n and_o one_o generation_n to_o another_o it_o will_v well_o deserve_v our_o most_o serious_a thought_n to_o consider_v what_o remedy_n be_v to_o be_v find_v for_o these_o inconvenience_n abovementioned_a §_o 2._o i_o be_o not_o so_o vain_a to_o think_v that_o any_o one_o can_v pretend_v to_o attempt_v the_o perfect_a reform_v the_o language_n of_o the_o world_n no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o that_o of_o his_o own_o country_n without_o render_v himself_o ridiculous_a to_o require_v that_o man_n shall_v use_v their_o word_n all_o in_o the_o same_o sense_n and_o for_o clear_a distinct_a and_o uniform_a idea_n will_v be_v to_o think_v that_o all_o man_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o notion_n and_o shall_v talk_v of_o nothing_o but_o what_o they_o have_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v by_o any_o one_o who_o have_v not_o vanity_n enough_o to_o imagine_v he_o can_v prevail_v with_o man_n to_o be_v very_o know_v or_o very_o silent_a and_o he_o must_v be_v little_a skill_a in_o the_o world_n who_o think_v that_o a_o voluble_a tongue_n shall_v accompany_v only_o a_o good_a understanding_n or_o that_o man_n talk_v much_o or_o little_a shall_v hold_v proportion_n only_o to_o their_o knowledge_n §_o 3._o but_o though_o the_o market_n and_o exchange_n must_v be_v lest_o to_o their_o own_o way_n of_o talk_v and_o gossip_n not_o rob_v of_o their_o ancient_a privilege_n though_o the_o school_n and_o man_n of_o argument_n will_v perhaps_o take_v it_o amiss_o to_o have_v any_o thing_n offer_v to_o abate_v the_o length_n or_o lessen_v the_o number_n of_o their_o dispute_n yet_o methinks_v those_o who_o pretend_v serious_o to_o search_v after_o or_o maintain_v truth_n shall_v think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o study_v how_o they_o may_v deliver_v themselves_o without_o obscurity_n doubtfulness_n or_o equivocation_n to_o which_o man_n word_n be_v natural_o liable_a if_o care_n be_v not_o take_v §_o 4._o for_o he_o that_o shall_v well_o consider_v the_o error_n and_o obscurity_n the_o mistake_v and_o confusion_n that_o be_v spread_v in_o the_o world_n by_o a_o ill_a use_n of_o word_n will_v find_v some_o reason_n to_o doubt_n whether_o language_n as_o it_o have_v be_v employ_v have_v contribute_v more_o to_o the_o improvement_n or_o hindrance_n of_o knowledge_n among_o mankind_n how_o many_o be_v there_o that_o when_o they_o will_v think_v on_o thing_n fix_v their_o thought_n only_o on_o word_n especial_o when_o they_o will_v apply_v their_o mind_n to_o moral_a matter_n and_o who_o then_o can_v wonder_v if_o the_o result_n of_o such_o contemplation_n and_o reason_n about_o little_a more_o than_o sound_v whilst_o the_o idea_n they_o annex_v to_o they_o be_v very_o confuse_v or_o very_o unsteady_a or_o perhaps_o none_o at_o all_o who_o can_v wonder_v i_o say_v that_o such_o thought_n and_o reason_n end_n in_o nothing_o but_o obscurity_n and_o mistake_v without_o any_o clear_a judgement_n or_o knowledge_n §_o 5._o this_o inconvenience_n in_o a_o ill_a use_n of_o word_n man_n suffer_v in_o their_o own_o private_a meditation_n but_o much_o more_o manifest_a be_v the_o disorder_n which_o follow_v from_o it_o in_o conversation_n discourse_n and_o arguing_n with_o other_o for_o language_n be_v the_o great_a conduit_n whereby_o man_n convey_v their_o discovery_n reason_n and_o knowledge_n from_o one_o to_o another_o he_o that_o make_v a_o ill_a use_n of_o it_o though_o he_o do_v not_o corrupt_v the_o fountain_n of_o knowledge_n which_o be_v in_o thing_n themselves_o yet_o he_o do_v as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v break_v or_o stop_v the_o pipe_n whereby_o it_o be_v distribute_v to_o the_o public_a use_n and_o advantage_n of_o mankind_n he_o that_o use_v word_n without_o any_o clear_a and_o steady_a meaning_n what_o do_v he_o but_o lead_v himself_o and_o other_o into_o error_n and_o he_o that_o design_o do_v it_o aught_o to_o be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o enemy_n to_o truth_n and_o knowledge_n and_o yet_o who_o can_v wonder_v that_o all_o the_o science_n and_o part_n of_o knowledge_n have_v be_v so_o overcharge_v with_o obscure_a and_o equivocal_a term_n and_o insignificant_a and_o doubtful_a expression_n capable_a to_o make_v the_o most_o attentive_a or_o quick-sighted_a very_o little_a or_o not_o at_o all_o the_o more_o know_v or_o orthodox_n since_o subtlety_n in_o those_o who_o make_v profession_n to_o teâ—ch_v or_o defend_v truth_n have_v pass_v so_o much_o for_o a_o virtue_n a_o virtue_n indeed_o which_o consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o nothing_o but_o the_o fallacious_a and_o illusory_a use_n of_o obscure_a or_o deceitful_a term_n be_v only_o fit_a to_o make_v man_n more_o conceit_v in_o their_o ignorance_n and_o obstinate_a in_o their_o error_n §_o 6._o let_v we_o look_v into_o the_o book_n of_o controversy_n of_o any_o kind_n there_o we_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o effect_n of_o obscure_a unsteady_a or_o equivocal_a term_n be_v nothing_o but_o noise_n and_o wrangle_n about_o sound_n without_o convince_a or_o better_v a_o man_n understanding_n for_o if_o the_o idea_n be_v not_o agree_v on_o betwixt_o the_o speaker_n and_o hearer_n for_o which_o the_o word_n stand_v the_o argument_n be_v not_o about_o thing_n but_o name_n as_o often_o as_o such_o a_o word_n who_o signification_n be_v not_o ascertain_v betwixt_o they_o come_v in_o use_n their_o understanding_n have_v no_o other_o object_n wherein_o they_o agree_v but_o bare_o the_o sound_n the_o thing_n that_o they_o think_v on_o at_o that_o time_n as_o express_v by_o that_o word_n be_v quite_o different_a §_o 7._o whether_o a_o bat_n be_v a_o bird_n or_o no_o be_v not_o a_o question_n whether_o a_o bat_n be_v another_o thing_n than_o indeed_o it_o be_v or_o have_v other_o quality_n than_o indeed_o it_o have_v for_o that_o will_v be_v extreme_o absurd_a to_o doubt_v of_o but_o the_o question_n be_v 1._o either_o between_o those_o that_o acknowledge_v themselves_o to_o have_v but_o imperfect_a idea_n of_o one_o or_o both_o of_o those_o sort_n of_o thing_n for_o which_o these_o name_n be_v suppose_v to_o stand_v and_o than_o it_o be_v a_o real_a enquiry_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o bird_n or_o a_o bat_n to_o make_v their_o yet_o imperfect_a idea_n of_o it_o more_o complete_a by_o examine_v whether_o all_o the_o simple_a idea_n to_o which_o combine_v together_o they_o both_o give_v the_o name_n bird_n be_v all_o to_o be_v find_v in_o a_o bat_n but_o this_o be_v a_o question_n only_o of_o enquirer_n not_o disputer_n who_o neither_o affirm_v nor_o deny_v but_o examine_v or_o 2._o it_o be_v a_o question_n between_o disputant_n whereof_o the_o one_o affirm_v and_o the_o other_o deny_v that_o a_o bat_n be_v a_o bird_n and_o then_o the_o question_n be_v bare_o about_o the_o signification_n of_o one_o or_o both_o these_o word_n in_o that_o they_o not_o have_v both_o the_o same_o complex_fw-la idea_n to_o which_o they_o 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be_v a_o amble_a horse_n or_o a_o neigh_a amble_a animal_n both_o be_v only_o about_o the_o signification_n of_o word_n and_o make_v i_o know_v but_o this_o that_o body_n sense_n and_o motion_n or_o power_n of_o sensation_n and_o move_a be_v three_o of_o those_o simple_a idea_n that_o i_o always_o comprehend_v and_o signify_v by_o the_o word_n man_n and_o where_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v together_o the_o name_n man_n belong_v not_o to_o that_o thing_n and_o so_o of_o the_o other_o that_o body_n sense_n and_o motion_n and_o a_o certain_a way_n of_o go_v with_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o voice_n be_v some_o of_o those_o simple_a idea_n which_o i_o always_o comprehend_v and_o signify_v by_o the_o word_n palfry_n and_o when_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v together_o the_o name_n palfry_n belong_v not_o to_o that_o thing_n it_o be_v just_a the_o same_o and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n when_o any_o term_n stand_v for_o any_o one_o or_o more_o of_o the_o simple_a idea_n that_o 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of_o the_o word_n palfry_n but_o do_v thereby_o teach_v no_o more_o but_o that_o the_o word_n palfry_n in_o his_o or_o romance-language_n stand_v for_o all_o these_o and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v apply_v to_o any_o thing_n where_o any_o of_o theâ—e_n be_v want_v but_o he_o that_o shall_v tell_v i_o that_o in_o whatever_o thing_n sense_n motion_n reason_n and_o laughter_n be_v unite_v that_o thing_n have_v actual_o a_o notion_n of_o god_n or_o will_v be_v cast_v into_o a_o sleep_n by_o opium_n make_v indeed_o a_o instructive_a proposition_n because_o neither_o have_v the_o notion_n of_o god_n nor_o be_v cast_v into_o sleep_n by_o opium_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o idea_n signify_v by_o the_o word_n man_n we_o be_v by_o such_o proposition_n teach_v something_o more_o than_o bare_o what_o the_o word_n man_n stand_v for_o and_o therefore_o the_o knowledge_n contain_v in_o it_o be_v more_o than_o verbal_a §_o 7._o before_o a_o man_n make_v any_o proposition_n he_o be_v suppose_v to_o understand_v the_o term_n he_o use_v in_o it_o or_o else_o he_o talk_v like_o a_o parrot_n only_o make_v a_o noise_n by_o imitation_n and_o frame_v certain_a sound_v he_o have_v learn_v of_o other_o but_o not_o as_o a_o rational_a creature_n use_v they_o for_o sign_n of_o idea_n he_o have_v in_o his_o mind_n the_o hearer_n also_o be_v suppose_v to_o understand_v the_o term_n as_o the_o speaker_n use_v they_o or_o else_o he_o talk_v jargon_v and_o make_v a_o untelligible_a noise_n and_o therefore_o he_o triâ—les_v with_o word_n who_o make_v such_o a_o proposition_n which_o when_o it_o be_v make_v contain_v no_o more_o than_o one_o of_o the_o term_n do_v and_o which_o a_o man_n be_v suppose_v to_o know_v before_o v_o g._n a_o triangle_n have_v three_o side_n or_o saffron_n be_v yellow_a and_o this_o be_v no_o far_o tolerable_a than_o where_o a_o man_n go_v to_o explain_v his_o term_n to_o one_o who_o be_v suppose_v or_o declare_v himself_o not_o to_o understand_v he_o and_o then_o it_o teach_v only_o the_o signification_n of_o that_o word_n and_o the_o use_n of_o that_o sign_n §_o 8._o we_o can_v know_v then_o the_o truth_n of_o two_o sort_n of_o proposition_n with_o perfect_a certainty_n the_o one_o be_v of_o those_o trifle_a proposition_n which_o have_v a_o certainty_n in_o they_o but_o it_o be_v but_o a_o verbal_a certainty_n but_o not_o instructive_a and_o second_o we_o can_v know_v the_o truth_n and_o so_o may_v be_v certain_a in_o proposition_n which_o affirm_v something_o of_o another_o which_o be_v a_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o its_o precise_a complex_fw-la idea_n but_o not_o contain_v in_o it_o as_o that_o the_o external_a angle_n of_o all_o triangle_n be_v big_a than_o either_o of_o the_o opposite_a internal_a angle_n which_o relation_n of_o the_o cutward_a angle_n to_o either_o of_o the_o opposite_a internal_a angle_n make_v no_o part_n of_o the_o complex_fw-la idea_n signify_v by_o the_o name_n triangle_n this_o be_v a_o real_a truth_n and_o convey_v with_o it_o instructive_a real_a knowledge_n §_o 9_o we_o have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o what_o combination_n there_o be_v of_o simple_a idea_n exist_v together_o in_o substance_n but_o by_o our_o sense_n we_o can_v make_v any_o universal_a certain_a proposition_n concern_v they_o any_o far_a than_o our_o nominal_a essence_n lead_v we_o which_o be_v to_o a_o very_a few_o and_o inconsiderable_a truth_n in_o respect_n of_o those_o which_o depend_v on_o their_o real_a constitution_n the_o general_a proposition_n that_o be_v make_v about_o substance_n if_o they_o be_v certain_a be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n but_o trifle_v and_o if_o they_o be_v instructive_a be_v uncertain_a and_o such_o as_o we_o can_v have_v no_o knowledge_n of_o their_o real_a truth_n how_o much_o soever_o constant_a observation_n and_o analogy_n may_v assist_v our_o judgement_n in_o guess_v hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o one_o may_v often_o meet_v with_o very_o clear_a and_o coherent_a discourse_n that_o 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whole_o voluntary_a if_o our_o knowledge_n be_v altogether_o necessary_a all_o man_n knowledge_n will_v not_o only_o be_v alike_o but_o every_o man_n will_v know_v all_o that_o be_v knowable_a and_o if_o it_o be_v whole_o voluntary_a some_o man_n so_o little_a regard_n or_o value_v it_o that_o they_o will_v have_v extreme_a little_a or_o none_o at_o all_o man_n that_o have_v sense_n can_v choose_v but_o receive_v some_o idea_n by_o they_o and_o if_o they_o have_v memory_n they_o can_v but_o retain_v some_o of_o they_o and_o if_o they_o have_v any_o distinguish_a faculty_n can_v but_o perceive_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o some_o of_o they_o one_o with_o another_o as_o he_o that_o have_v eye_n if_o he_o will_v open_v they_o by_o day_n can_v but_o see_v some_o object_n and_o perceive_v a_o difference_n in_o they_o but_o though_o a_o man_n with_o his_o eye_n open_a in_o the_o light_n can_v but_o see_v yet_o there_o be_v certain_a object_n which_o he_o may_v choose_v whether_o he_o will_v turn_v his_o eye_n to_o there_o may_v be_v in_o his_o reach_n a_o book_n contain_v picture_n and_o discourse_n capable_a to_o delight_v or_o instruct_v he_o which_o yet_o he_o may_v never_o have_v the_o will_v to_o open_v never_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o look_v into_o §_o 2._o there_o be_v also_o another_o thing_n in_o a_o man_n power_n and_o that_o be_v though_o he_o turn_v his_o eye_n sometime_o towards_o a_o object_n yet_o he_o may_v choose_v whether_o he_o will_v intent_o survey_v it_o and_o with_o a_o accurate_a search_n endeavour_v to_o observe_v all_o that_o be_v visible_a in_o it_o but_o yet_o what_o he_o do_v see_v he_o can_v see_v otherwise_o than_o he_o do_v it_o depend_v not_o on_o his_o will_n to_o see_v that_o black_a which_o appear_v yellow_a nor_o to_o persuade_v himself_o that_o what_o actual_o scald_v he_o feel_v cold_a the_o earth_n will_v not_o appear_v paint_v with_o flower_n nor_o the_o field_n cover_v with_o verdure_n whenever_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o it_o in_o the_o cold_a winter_n he_o can_v help_v see_v it_o white_a and_o hoary_a if_o he_o will_v look_v abroad_o just_o thus_o be_v it_o with_o our_o understanding_n all_o that_o be_v voluntary_a in_o our_o knowledge_n be_v the_o employ_v or_o withhold_a any_o of_o our_o faculty_n from_o this_o or_o that_o sort_n of_o object_n and_o a_o more_o or_o less_o accurate_a survey_n of_o they_o but_o they_o be_v employ_v our_o will_n have_v no_o power_n to_o determine_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o mind_n one_o way_n or_o other_o that_o be_v do_v only_o by_o the_o object_n themselves_o as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v clear_o discover_v and_o therefore_o as_o far_o as_o man_n sense_n be_v conversant_a about_o external_a object_n the_o mind_n can_v but_o receive_v those_o idea_n which_o be_v present_v by_o they_o and_o be_v inform_v of_o the_o existence_n of_o thing_n without_o and_o so_o far_o as_o man_n thought_n converse_v with_o their_o own_o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n they_o can_v but_z in_o some_o measure_n observe_v the_o agreement_n and_o disagreement_n that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v among_o some_o of_o they_o which_o be_v so_o far_o knowledge_n and_o if_o they_o have_v name_n for_o those_o idea_n they_o have_v thus_o consider_v they_o must_v needs_o be_v assure_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o those_o proposition_n which_o express_v that_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n they_o perceive_v in_o they_o and_o be_v undoubted_o convince_v of_o those_o truth_n for_o what_o a_o man_n see_v he_o can_v but_o see_v and_o what_o he_o perceive_v he_o can_v but_o know_v that_o he_o perceive_v §_o 3._o thus_o he_o that_o have_v get_v the_o idea_n of_o number_n and_o have_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o compare_v one_o two_o and_o three_o to_o six_o can_v choose_v but_o know_v that_o they_o be_v equal_a he_o that_o have_v get_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o triangle_n and_o find_v the_o way_n to_o measure_v its_o angle_n and_o their_o magnitude_n be_v as_o certain_a that_o its_o three_o angle_n be_v equal_a to_o two_o right_a one_o as_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o same_o to_o be_v and_o not_o to_o be_v he_o also_o that_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o a_o intelligent_a but_o frail_a and_o weak_a be_v make_v by_o and_o depend_v on_o another_o who_o be_v eternal_a omnipotent_a perfect_o wise_a and_o good_a will_v as_o certain_o know_v that_o man_n be_v to_o honour_n fear_v and_o obey_v god_n as_o that_o the_o sun_n shine_v when_o he_o see_v it_o for_o if_o he_o have_v but_o the_o idea_n of_o two_o such_o being_n in_o his_o mind_n and_o will_v turn_v his_o thought_n that_o way_n and_o consider_v they_o he_o will_v as_o certain_o find_v that_o the_o inferior_a finite_a and_o dependent_a be_v under_o a_o obligation_n to_o obey_v the_o supreme_a and_o infinite_a as_o he_o be_v certain_a to_o find_v that_o three_o five_o and_o seven_o be_v less_o than_o fifteen_o if_o he_o will_v consider_v and_o compute_v those_o number_n nor_o can_v he_o be_v sure_a in_o a_o clear_a morning_n that_o the_o sun_n be_v rise_v if_o he_o will_v but_o open_v his_o eye_n and_o turn_v they_o that_o way_n but_o yet_o these_o truth_n be_v never_o so_o certain_a never_o so_o clear_a he_o may_v be_v ignorant_a of_o either_o or_o all_o of_o they_o who_o will_v never_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o employ_v his_o faculty_n as_o he_o shall_v to_o inform_v himself_o about_o they_o chap._n fourteen_o of_o judgement_n §_o 1._o the_o understanding_n faculty_n be_v give_v to_o man_n not_o bare_o for_o speculation_n but_o also_o for_o the_o conduct_n of_o his_o life_n man_n will_v be_v at_o a_o great_a loss_n if_o he_o have_v nothing_o to_o direct_v he_o but_o what_o have_v the_o certainty_n of_o true_a knowledge_n for_o that_o be_v very_o short_a and_o scanty_a as_o we_o have_v see_v he_o will_v be_v often_o utter_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o in_o most_o of_o the_o action_n of_o his_o life_n perfect_o at_o a_o stand_n have_v he_o nothing_o to_o guide_v he_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o clear_a and_o certain_a knowledge_n for_o he_o that_o will_v not_o eat_v till_o he_o have_v demonstration_n that_o it_o will_v nourish_v he_o he_o that_o will_v not_o stir_v till_o he_o infallible_o know_v the_o business_n he_o go_v about_o will_v succeed_v will_v have_v little_a else_o to_o do_v but_o sit_v still_o and_o perish_v §_o 2._o therefore_o as_o god_n have_v set_v some_o thing_n in_o broad_a daylight_n as_o he_o have_v give_v we_o some_o certain_a knowledge_n though_o limit_v to_o a_o few_o thing_n in_o comparison_n probable_o as_o a_o taste_n of_o what_o intellectual_a creature_n be_v capable_a of_o to_o excite_v in_o we_o a_o desire_n and_o endeavour_v after_o a_o better_a state_n so_o in_o the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o concernment_n he_o have_v afford_v we_o only_o the_o twilight_n as_o i_o may_v so_o say_v of_o probability_n suitable_a i_o presume_v to_o that_o state_n of_o mediocrity_n and_o probationership_n he_o have_v be_v please_v to_o place_n in_o we_o 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mind_n take_v its_o idea_n to_o agree_v or_o disagree_v or_o which_o be_v the_o same_o any_o proposition_n to_o be_v true_a or_o false_a without_o perceive_v a_o demonstrative_a evidence_n in_o the_o proof_n the_o mind_n sometime_o exercise_v this_o judgement_n out_o of_o necessity_n where_o demonstrative_a proof_n and_o certain_a knowledge_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v and_o sometime_o out_o of_o laziness_n unskilfulness_n or_o haste_v even_o where_o demonstrative_a and_o certain_a proof_n be_v to_o be_v have_v man_n often_o stay_v not_o wary_o to_o examine_v the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o two_o idea_n which_o they_o be_v desirous_a or_o concern_v to_o know_v but_o either_o incapable_a of_o such_o attention_n as_o be_v requisite_a in_o a_o long_a train_n
see_v nor_o hear_v of_o any_o such_o thing_n before_o there_o the_o whole_a probability_n rely_v on_o testimony_n and_o as_o the_o relator_n be_v more_o in_o number_n and_o of_o more_o credit_n and_o have_v no_o interest_n to_o speak_v contrary_a to_o the_o truth_n so_o that_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v like_a to_o find_v more_o or_o less_o belief_n though_o to_o a_o man_n who_o experience_n have_v be_v always_o quite_o contrary_a and_o have_v never_o hear_v of_o any_o thing_n like_o it_o the_o most_o untainted_a credit_n of_o a_o witness_n will_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o find_v belief_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o a_o dutch_a ambassador_n who_o entertain_v the_o king_n of_o siam_n with_o the_o particularity_n of_o holland_n which_o he_o be_v inquisitive_a after_o among_o other_o thing_n tell_v he_o that_o the_o water_n in_o his_o country_n will_v sometime_o in_o cold_a weather_n be_v so_o hard_a that_o man_n walk_v upon_o it_o and_o that_o it_o will_v bear_v a_o elephant_n if_o he_o be_v there_o to_o which_o the_o king_n reply_v hitherto_o i_o have_v believe_v the_o strange_a thing_n you_o have_v tell_v i_o because_o i_o look_v upon_o you_o as_o a_o sober_a fair_a man_n but_o now_o i_o be_o sure_a you_o lie_v §_o 6._o upon_o these_o ground_n depend_v the_o probability_n of_o any_o proposition_n and_o as_o the_o conformity_n of_o our_o knowledge_n as_o the_o certainty_n of_o observation_n as_o the_o frequency_n and_o constancy_n of_o experience_n and_o the_o number_n and_o credibility_n of_o testimony_n do_v more_o or_o less_o agree_v or_o disagree_v with_o it_o so_o be_v any_o proposition_n in_o itself_o more_o or_o less_o probable_a there_o be_v another_o i_o confess_v which_o though_o by_o itself_o it_o be_v no_o true_a ground_n of_o probability_n yet_o be_v often_o make_v use_n of_o for_o one_o by_o which_o man_n most_o common_o regulate_v their_o assent_n and_o upon_o which_o they_o pin_n their_o faith_n more_o than_o any_o thing_n else_o any_o that_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o other_o though_o there_o can_v be_v a_o more_o dangerous_a thing_n to_o rely_v on_o nor_o more_o likely_a to_o mislead_v one_o since_o there_o be_v much_o more_o falsehood_n and_o error_n among_o man_n than_o truth_n and_o knowledge_n and_o if_o the_o opinion_n and_o persuasion_n of_o other_o who_o we_o know_v and_o think_v well_o of_o be_v a_o ground_n of_o assent_n man_n have_v reason_n to_o be_v heathen_n in_o japan_n mahumetan_n in_o turkey_n papist_n in_o spain_n protestant_n in_o england_n and_o lutheran_n in_o sueden_n but_o of_o this_o wrong_a ground_n of_o assent_n i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a in_o another_o place_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o assent_n §_o 1._o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n we_o have_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n as_o they_o be_v the_o foundation_n on_o which_o our_o assent_n be_v build_v so_o be_v they_o also_o the_o measure_n whereby_o its_o several_a degree_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v regulate_v only_o we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o whatever_o ground_n of_o probability_n there_o may_v be_v they_o yet_o operate_v no_o far_o on_o the_o mind_n which_o search_v after_o truth_n and_o endeavour_n to_o judge_v right_a than_o they_o appear_v at_o least_o in_o the_o first_o judgement_n or_o search_v that_o the_o mind_n make_v i_o confess_v in_o the_o opinion_n man_n have_v and_o firm_o stick_v to_o in_o the_o world_n their_o assent_n be_v not_o always_o from_o a_o actual_a view_n of_o the_o reason_n that_o at_o first_o prevail_v with_o they_o it_o be_v in_o many_o case_n almost_o impossible_a and_o in_o most_o very_a hard_a even_o for_o those_o who_o have_v very_o admirable_a memory_n to_o retain_v all_o the_o proof_n which_o upon_o a_o due_a examination_n make_v they_o embrace_v that_o side_n of_o the_o question_n it_o suffice_v that_o they_o have_v once_o with_o care_n and_o fairness_n examine_v the_o matter_n as_o far_o as_o they_o can_v and_o that_o they_o have_v search_v into_o all_o the_o particular_n that_o they_o can_v imagine_v to_o give_v any_o light_n to_o the_o question_n and_o with_o the_o best_a of_o their_o skill_n cast_v up_o the_o account_n upon_o the_o whole_a evidence_n and_o thus_o have_v once_o find_v on_o which_o side_n the_o probability_n appear_v to_o they_o after_o as_o full_a and_o exact_a a_o enquiry_n as_o they_o can_v make_v they_o lay_v up_o the_o conclusion_n in_o their_o memory_n as_o a_o truth_n they_o have_v discover_v and_o for_o the_o future_a they_o remain_v satisfy_v with_o the_o testimony_n of_o their_o memory_n that_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n that_o by_o the_o proof_n they_o have_v once_o see_v of_o it_o deserve_v such_o a_o degree_n of_o their_o assent_n as_o they_o afford_v it_o §_o 2._o this_o be_v all_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o do_v in_o regulate_v their_o opinion_n and_o judgement_n unless_o a_o man_n will_v exact_v of_o they_o either_o to_o retain_v distinct_o in_o their_o memory_n all_o the_o proof_n concern_v any_o probable_a truth_n and_o that_o too_o in_o the_o same_o order_n and_o regular_a deduction_n of_o consequence_n in_o which_o they_o have_v former_o place_v or_o see_v they_o which_o sometime_o be_v enough_o to_o fill_v a_o large_a volume_n upon_o one_o single_a question_n or_o else_o they_o must_v require_v a_o man_n for_o every_o opinion_n that_o he_o embrace_v every_o day_n to_o examine_v the_o proof_n both_o which_o be_v impossible_a it_o be_v unavoidable_a therefore_o that_o the_o memory_n be_v rely_v on_o in_o the_o case_n and_o that_o man_n be_v persuade_v of_o several_a opinion_n whereof_o the_o proof_n be_v not_o actual_o in_o their_o thought_n nay_o which_o perhaps_o they_o be_v not_o able_a actual_o to_o recall_n without_o this_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n must_v be_v either_o very_a sceptic_n or_o change_v every_o moment_n and_o yield_v themselves_o up_o to_o whoever_o have_v late_o study_v the_o question_n offer_v they_o argument_n which_o for_o want_v of_o memory_n they_o be_v not_o able_a present_o to_o answer_v §_o 3._o i_o can_v but_o own_o that_o man_n stick_v to_o their_o past_a judgement_n and_o adhere_v firm_o to_o conclusion_n former_o make_v be_v often_o the_o cause_n of_o great_a obstinacy_n in_o error_n and_o mistake_n but_o the_o fault_n be_v not_o that_o they_o rely_v on_o their_o memory_n for_o what_o they_o have_v before_o well_o judge_v but_o because_o they_o judge_v before_o they_o have_v well_o examine_v may_v we_o not_o find_v a_o great_a number_n not_o to_o say_v the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n that_o think_v they_o have_v form_v right_a judgement_n of_o several_a matter_n and_o that_o for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o they_o never_o think_v otherwise_o that_o imagine_v themselves_o to_o have_v judge_v right_a only_o because_o they_o never_o question_v never_o examine_v their_o own_o opinion_n which_o be_v indeed_o to_o think_v they_o judge_v right_a because_o they_o never_o judge_v at_o all_o and_o yet_o these_o of_o all_o man_n hold_v their_o opinion_n with_o the_o great_a stiffness_n those_o be_v general_o the_o most_o fierce_a and_o firm_a in_o their_o tenet_n who_o have_v least_o examine_v they_o what_o we_o once_o know_v we_o be_v certain_a be_v so_o and_o we_o may_v be_v secure_a that_o there_o be_v no_o latent_fw-la proof_n undiscovered_a which_o may_v overturn_v our_o knowledge_n or_o bring_v it_o in_o doubt_n but_o in_o matter_n of_o probability_n it_o be_v not_o in_o every_o case_n that_o we_o can_v be_v sure_a that_o we_o have_v all_o the_o particular_n before_o we_o that_o any_o way_n concern_v the_o question_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o evidence_n behind_o and_o yet_o unseen_a which_o may_v cast_v the_o probability_n on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o outweigh_v all_o that_o at_o present_a seem_v to_o preponderate_v with_o we_o who_o almost_o be_v there_o that_o have_v the_o leisure_n patience_n and_o mean_n to_o collect_v together_o all_o the_o proof_n concern_v most_o of_o the_o opinion_n he_o have_v so_o as_o safe_o to_o conclude_v that_o he_o have_v a_o clear_a and_o full_a view_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o more_o to_o be_v allege_v for_o his_o better_a information_n and_o yet_o we_o be_v force_v to_o determine_v ourselves_o on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o other_o the_o conduct_n of_o our_o life_n and_o the_o management_n of_o our_o great_a concern_v will_v not_o bear_v delay_n for_o those_o depend_v for_o the_o most_o part_n on_o the_o determination_n of_o our_o judgement_n in_o point_n wherein_o we_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o certain_a and_o demonstrative_a knowledge_n and_o wherein_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o we_o to_o embrace_v the_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o §_o 4._o since_o therefore_o it_o be_v unavoidable_a to_o the_o great_a
this_o case_n our_o assent_n have_v a_o sufficient_a foundation_n to_o raise_v itself_o to_o a_o degree_n which_o we_o may_v call_v confidence_n §_o 8._o three_o in_o matter_n that_o happen_v indifferent_o as_o that_o a_o bird_n shall_v fly_v this_o or_o that_o way_n that_o it_o shall_v thunder_v on_o a_o man_n right_a or_o left_a hand_n etc._n etc._n when_o any_o particular_a matter_n of_o fact_n come_v attest_v by_o the_o concurrent_a testimony_n of_o unsuspected_a witness_n there_o our_o assent_n be_v also_o unavoidable_a thus_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o city_n in_o italy_n as_o rome_n that_o about_o 1700_o year_n ago_o there_o live_v in_o it_o a_o man_n call_v julius_n caesar_n that_o he_o be_v a_o general_n and_o that_o he_o win_v a_o battle_n again_o another_o call_v pompey_n this_o though_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n there_o be_v nothing_o for_o nor_o against_o it_o yet_o be_v relate_v by_o historian_n of_o credit_n and_o contradict_v by_o no_o one_o writer_n a_o man_n can_v avoid_v believe_v it_o and_o can_v as_o little_a doubt_n of_o it_o as_o he_o do_v of_o the_o be_v and_o action_n of_o his_o own_o acquaintance_n whereof_o he_o himself_o be_v a_o witness_n §_o 9_o thus_o far_o the_o matter_n go_v easy_a enough_o probability_n upon_o such_o ground_n carry_v so_o much_o evidence_n with_o it_o that_o it_o natural_o determine_v the_o judgement_n and_o leave_v we_o as_o little_a at_o liberty_n to_o believe_v or_o disbelieve_v as_o a_o demonstration_n do_v whether_o we_o will_v know_v or_o be_v ignorant_a the_o difficulty_n be_v when_o testimony_n contradict_v common_a experience_n and_o the_o report_n of_o history_n and_o witness_n clash_n with_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n or_o with_o one_o another_o there_o it_o be_v where_o diligence_n attention_n and_o exactness_n be_v require_v to_o form_v a_o right_a judgement_n and_o to_o proportion_v the_o assent_n to_o the_o different_a evidence_n and_o probability_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o rise_v and_o fall_v according_a as_o those_o two_o foundation_n of_o credibility_n viz._n common_a observation_n in_o like_a case_n and_o particular_a testimony_n in_o that_o particular_a instance_n favour_n or_o contradict_v it_o these_o be_v liable_a to_o so_o great_a variety_n of_o contrary_a observation_n circumstance_n report_n different_a qualification_n temper_n design_n oversight_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o reporter_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o reduce_v to_o precise_a rule_n the_o various_a degree_n wherein_o man_n give_v their_o assent_n this_o only_o may_v be_v say_v in_o general_a that_o as_o the_o argument_n and_o proof_n pro_fw-la and_o con_v upon_o due_a examination_n nice_o weigh_v every_o particular_a circumstance_n shall_v to_o any_o one_o appear_v upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n in_o a_o great_a or_o less_o degree_n to_o preponderate_v on_o either_o side_n so_o they_o be_v fit_v to_o produce_v in_o the_o mind_n such_o different_a entertainment_n as_o we_o call_v belief_n conjecture_n guess_v doubt_v waver_a distrust_n disbelief_n etc._n etc._n §_o 10._o this_o be_v what_o concern_v assent_n in_o matter_n wherein_o testimony_n be_v make_v use_n of_o concern_v which_o i_o think_v it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o rule_n observe_v in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n which_o be_v that_o though_o the_o attest_v copy_n of_o a_o record_n be_v good_a proof_n yet_o the_o copy_n of_o a_o copy_n never_o so_o well_o attest_v and_o by_o never_o so_o credible_a witness_n will_v not_o be_v admit_v as_o a_o proof_n in_o judicature_n this_o be_v so_o general_o approve_v as_o reasonable_a and_o suit_v to_o the_o wisdom_n and_o caution_n to_o be_v use_v in_o our_o enquiry_n after_o material_a truth_n that_o i_o never_o yet_o hear_v of_o any_o one_o that_o blame_v it_o this_o practice_n if_o it_o be_v allowable_a in_o the_o decision_n of_o right_n and_o wrong_n carry_v this_o observation_n along_o with_o it_o viz._n that_o any_o testimony_n the_o far_a off_o it_o be_v from_o the_o original_a truth_n the_o less_o force_n and_o proof_n it_o have_v the_o be_v and_o existence_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o be_v what_o i_o call_v the_o original_a truth_n a_o credible_a man_n vouch_v his_o knowledge_n of_o it_o be_v a_o good_a proof_n but_o if_o another_o equal_o credible_a do_v witness_v it_o from_o his_o report_n the_o testimony_n be_v weak_a and_o a_o three_o that_o atte_v the_o hearsay_n of_o a_o hearsay_n be_v yet_o less_o considerable_a so_o that_o in_o traditional_a truth_n each_o remove_n weaken_v the_o force_n of_o the_o proof_n and_o the_o more_o hand_n the_o tradition_n have_v successive_o pass_v through_o the_o less_o strength_n and_o evidence_n do_v it_o receive_v from_o they_o this_o i_o think_v necessary_a to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o because_o i_o find_v among_o some_o man_n the_o quite_o contrary_a common_o practise_v who_o look_v on_o opinion_n to_o gain_v force_n by_o grow_v old_a and_o what_o a_o thousand_o year_n since_o will_v not_o to_o a_o rational_a man_n contemporary_a with_o the_o first_o voucher_n have_v appear_v at_o all_o probable_a be_v now_o urge_v as_o certain_a beyond_o all_o question_n only_o because_o several_a have_v since_o from_o he_o say_v it_o one_o after_o another_o upon_o this_o ground_n proposition_n evident_o false_a or_o doubtful_a enough_o in_o their_o first_o beginning_n come_v by_o a_o invert_v rule_n of_o probability_n to_o pass_v for_o authentic_a truth_n and_o those_o which_o find_v or_o deserve_v little_a credit_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o their_o first_o author_n be_v think_v to_o grow_v venerable_a by_o age_n and_o be_v urge_v as_o undeniable_a §_o 11._o i_o will_v not_o be_v think_v here_o to_o lessen_v the_o credit_n and_o use_v of_o history_n it_o be_v all_o the_o light_n we_o have_v in_o many_o case_n and_o we_o receive_v from_o it_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o useful_a truth_n we_o have_v with_o a_o convince_a evidence_n i_o think_v nothing_o more_o valuable_a than_o the_o record_n of_o antiquity_n i_o wish_v we_o have_v more_o of_o they_o and_o more_o uncorrupted_a but_o this_o truth_n itself_o force_v i_o to_o say_v that_o no_o probability_n can_v arise_v high_a than_o its_o first_o original_a what_o have_v no_o other_o evidence_n than_o the_o single_a testimony_n of_o one_o only_a witness_n must_v stand_v or_o fall_v by_o his_o only_a testimony_n whether_o good_a bad_a or_o indifferent_a and_o though_o cite_v afterward_o by_o hundred_o of_o other_o one_o after_o another_o be_v so_o far_o from_o receive_v any_o strength_n thereby_o that_o it_o be_v only_o the_o weak_a passion_n interest_n inadvertency_n mistake_v of_o his_o mean_v and_o a_o thousand_o odd_a reason_n or_o capriccio_n man_n mind_n be_v act_v by_o impossible_a to_o be_v discover_v may_v make_v one_o man_n quote_v another_o man_n word_n or_o mean_v wrong_n he_o that_o have_v but_o ever_o so_o little_o examine_v the_o citation_n of_o writer_n can_v doubt_v how_o little_a credit_n the_o quotation_n deserve_v where_o the_o original_n be_v want_v and_o consequent_o how_o much_o less_o quotation_n of_o quotation_n can_v be_v rely_v on_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o what_o in_o one_o age_n be_v affirm_v upon_o slight_a ground_n can_v never_o after_o come_v to_o be_v more_o valid_a in_o future_a age_n by_o be_v often_o repeat_v but_o the_o far_o still_o it_o be_v from_o the_o original_a the_o less_o valid_a it_o be_v and_o have_v always_o less_o force_n in_o the_o mouth_n or_o write_v of_o he_o that_o last_o make_v use_v of_o it_o than_o in_o his_o from_o who_o he_o receive_v it_o §_o 12._o the_o probability_n we_o have_v hitherto_o mention_v be_v only_o such_o as_o concern_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v capable_a of_o observation_n and_o testimony_n there_o remain_v that_o other_o sort_n concern_v which_o man_n entertain_v opinion_n with_o variety_n of_o assent_n though_o the_o thing_n be_v such_o that_o fall_v not_o under_o the_o reach_n of_o our_o sense_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o testimony_n and_o such_o be_v 1._o the_o existence_n nature_n and_o operation_n of_o finite_a immaterial_a being_n without_o we_o as_o spirit_n angel_n devil_n etc._n etc._n or_o the_o existence_n of_o material_a being_n which_o either_o for_o their_o smallness_n in_o themselves_o or_o remoteness_n from_o we_o our_o sense_n can_v take_v notice_n of_o as_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o plant_n animal_n and_o intelligent_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o planet_n and_o other_o mansion_n of_o the_o vast_a universe_n 2._o concern_v the_o manner_n of_o operation_n in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n wherein_o though_o we_o see_v the_o sensible_a effect_n yet_o their_o cause_n be_v unknown_a and_o we_o perceive_v not_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n how_o they_o be_v produce_v we_o see_v animal_n be_v generate_v nourish_v and_o move_v the_o
reason_n in_o that_o part_n which_o if_o not_o its_o high_a perfection_n be_v yet_o certain_o its_o hard_a task_n and_o that_o which_o we_o most_o need_v its_o help_n in_o and_o that_o be_v the_o find_v out_o of_o proof_n and_o make_v new_a discovery_n the_o rule_n of_o syllogism_n serve_v not_o to_o furnish_v the_o mind_n with_o those_o intermediate_v idea_n that_o may_v show_v the_o connexion_n of_o remote_a one_o this_o way_n of_o reason_v discover_v no_o new_a proof_n but_o be_v the_o art_n of_o marshal_v and_o range_v the_o old_a one_o we_o have_v already_o the_o 47th_o proposition_n of_o the_o first_o book_n of_o euclid_n be_v very_o true_a but_o the_o discovery_n of_o it_o i_o think_v not_o owe_v to_o any_o rule_n of_o common_a logic_n a_o man_n know_v first_o and_o then_o he_o be_v able_a to_o prove_v syllogistical_o so_o that_o syllogism_n come_v after_o knowledge_n and_o then_o a_o man_n have_v little_a or_o no_o need_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v chief_o by_o the_o find_v out_o those_o idea_n that_o show_v the_o connexion_n of_o distant_a one_o that_o our_o stock_n of_o knowledge_n be_v increase_v and_o that_o useful_a art_n and_o science_n be_v advance_v syllogism_n at_o best_a be_v but_o the_o art_n of_o fence_v with_o the_o little_a knowledge_n we_o have_v without_o make_v any_o addition_n to_o it_o and_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v employ_v his_o reason_n all_o this_o way_n he_o will_v not_o do_v much_o otherwise_o than_o he_o who_o have_v get_v some_o iron_n out_o of_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v have_v it_o beat_v up_o all_o into_o sword_n and_o put_v it_o into_o his_o servant_n hand_n to_o fence_v with_o and_o bang_n one_o another_o have_v the_o king_n of_o spain_n employ_v the_o hand_n of_o his_o people_n and_o his_o spanish_a iron_n so_o he_o have_v bring_v to_o light_v but_o little_a of_o that_o treasure_n that_o lie_v so_o long_o hide_v in_o the_o dark_a entrail_n of_o america_n and_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o he_o who_o shall_v employ_v all_o the_o force_n of_o his_o reason_n only_o in_o brandish_v of_o syllogism_n will_v discover_v very_o little_a of_o that_o mass_n of_o knowledge_n which_o lie_v yet_o conceal_v in_o the_o secret_a recess_n of_o nature_n and_o which_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v native_a rustic_a reason_n as_o it_o former_o have_v do_v be_v likely_a to_o open_v a_o way_n to_o and_o add_v to_o the_o common_a stock_n of_o mankind_n rather_o than_o any_o scholastic_a proceed_v by_o the_o strict_a rule_n of_o mode_n and_o figure_n §_o 7._o i_o doubt_v not_o nevertheless_o but_o there_o be_v way_n to_o be_v find_v to_o assist_v our_o reason_n in_o this_o most_o useful_a part_n and_o this_o the_o judicious_a hooker_n encourage_v i_o to_o say_v who_o in_o his_o eccl._n pol._n l._n 1._o §_o 6._o speak_v thus_o if_o there_o may_v be_v add_v the_o right_a help_n of_o true_a art_n and_o learning_n which_o help_v i_o must_v plain_o confess_v this_o age_n of_o the_o world_n carry_v the_o name_n of_o a_o learned_a age_n do_v neither_o much_o know_v nor_o general_o regard_v there_o will_v undoubted_o be_v almost_o as_o much_o difference_n in_o maturity_n of_o judgement_n between_o man_n therewith_o enure_v and_o that_o which_o now_o man_n be_v as_o between_z man_n that_o be_v now_o and_o innocent_n i_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o have_v find_v or_o discover_v here_o any_o of_o those_o right_a help_n of_o art_n this_o great_a man_n of_o deep_a thought_n mention_n but_o this_o be_v plain_a that_o syllogism_n and_o the_o logic_n now_o in_o use_n which_o be_v as_o well_o know_v in_o his_o day_n can_v be_v none_o of_o those_o he_o mean_v it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o i_o if_o by_o a_o discourse_n perhaps_o something_o out_o of_o the_o way_n i_o be_o sure_a as_o to_o i_o whole_o new_a and_o unborrowed_a i_o shall_v have_v give_v occasion_n to_o other_o to_o cast_v about_o for_o new_a discovery_n and_o to_o seek_v in_o their_o own_o thought_n for_o those_o right_a help_n of_o art_n which_o will_v scarce_o be_v find_v i_o fear_v by_o those_o who_o servile_o confine_v themselves_o to_o the_o rule_n and_o dictate_v of_o other_o for_o beat_a tract_n lead_v these_o sort_n of_o cattle_n as_o a_o observe_a roman_n call_v they_o who_o thought_n reach_v only_o to_o imitation_n non_fw-la quo_fw-la eundum_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la quo_fw-la itur_fw-la but_o i_o can_v be_v bold_a to_o say_v that_o this_o age_n be_v adorn_v with_o some_o man_n of_o that_o strength_n of_o judgement_n and_o largeness_n of_o comprehension_n that_o if_o they_o will_v employ_v their_o thought_n on_o this_o subject_a can_v open_v new_a and_o undiscovered_a way_n to_o the_o advancement_n of_o knowledge_n §_o 8._o have_v here_o have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v of_o syllogism_n in_o general_n and_o the_o use_v of_o it_o in_o reason_v and_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n it_o be_v fit_a before_o i_o leave_v this_o subject_a to_o take_v notice_n of_o one_o manifest_a mistake_n in_o the_o rule_n of_o syllogism_n viz._n that_o no_o syllogistical_a reason_v can_v be_v right_a and_o conclusive_a but_o what_o have_v at_o least_o one_o general_a proposition_n in_o it_o as_o if_o we_o can_v not_o reason_n and_o have_v knowledge_n about_o particular_n whereas_o in_o truth_n the_o matter_n right_o consider_v the_o immediate_a object_n of_o all_o our_o reason_v and_o knowledge_n be_v nothing_o but_o particular_n every_o man_n be_v reason_v and_o knowledge_n be_v only_o about_o the_o idea_n exist_v in_o his_o own_o mind_n which_o be_v true_o every_o one_o of_o they_o particular_a existence_n and_o our_o knowledge_n and_o reason_v about_o other_o thing_n be_v only_o as_o they_o correspond_v with_o those_o our_o particular_a idea_n so_o that_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o our_o particular_a idea_n be_v the_o whole_a and_o utmost_a of_o all_o our_o knowledge_n universality_n be_v but_o accidental_a to_o it_o and_o consist_v only_o in_o this_o that_o the_o particular_a idea_n about_o which_o it_o be_v be_v such_o as_o more_o than_o one_o particular_a thing_n can_v correspond_v with_o and_o be_v represent_v by_o but_o the_o perception_n of_o the_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o two_o idea_n and_o consequent_o our_o knowledge_n be_v equal_o clear_a and_o certain_a whether_o either_o or_o both_o or_o neither_o of_o those_o idea_n be_v capable_a of_o represent_v more_o real_a being_n than_o one_o or_o no._n §_o 9_o reason_n though_o it_o penetrate_v into_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o earth_n elevate_v our_o thought_n as_o high_a as_o the_o star_n and_o lead_v we_o through_o the_o vast_a space_n and_o large_a room_n of_o this_o mighty_a fabric_n yet_o it_o come_v far_o short_a of_o the_o real_a extent_n of_o even_o corporeal_a be_v and_o there_o be_v many_o instance_n wherein_o it_o fail_v we_o as_o first_o it_o perfect_o fail_v we_o where_o our_o idea_n fail_v it_o neither_o do_v nor_o can_v extend_v itself_o far_o than_o they_o do_v and_o therefore_o wherever_o we_o have_v no_o idea_n our_o reason_v stop_v and_o we_o be_v at_o a_o end_n of_o our_o reckon_a and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n we_o reason_n about_o word_n which_o do_v not_o stand_v for_o any_o idea_n it_o be_v only_o about_o those_o sound_n and_o nothing_o else_o §_o 10._o second_o our_o reason_n be_v often_o puzzle_v and_o at_o a_o loss_n because_o of_o the_o scurity_n confusion_n or_o imperfection_n of_o the_o idea_n it_o be_v employ_v about_o and_o there_o we_o be_v involve_v in_o difficulty_n and_o contradiction_n thus_o not_o have_v any_o perfect_a idea_n of_o the_o least_o extension_n of_o matter_n nor_o of_o infinity_o we_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n about_o the_o divisibility_n of_o matter_n but_o have_v perfect_a clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n of_o number_n our_o reason_n meet_v with_o none_o of_o those_o inextricable_a difficulty_n in_o number_n nor_o find_v itself_o involve_v in_o any_o contradiction_n about_o they_o thus_o we_o have_v but_o imperfect_a idea_n of_o the_o operation_n of_o our_o mind_n upon_o our_o body_n or_o thought_n and_o of_o the_o beginning_n of_o either_o motion_n or_o thought_n in_o we_o and_o much_o imperfect_a yet_o of_o the_o operation_n of_o god_n run_v into_o great_a difficulty_n about_o free_a create_a agent_n which_o reason_n can_v well_o extricate_v itself_o out_o of_o §_o 11._o three_o our_o reason_n be_v often_o at_o a_o stand_n because_o it_o perceive_v not_o those_o idea_n which_o can_v serve_v to_o show_v the_o certain_a or_o probable_a agreement_n or_o disagreement_n of_o any_o two_o other_o idea_n and_o in_o this_o some_o man_n faculty_n far_o out-go_v other_o till_o algebra_n that_o great_a instrument_n and_o instance_n of_o (null)_o sagacity_n be_v discover_v man_n with_o amazement_n
the_o sense_n 5._o because_o a_o idea_n from_o actual_a sensation_n and_o another_o from_o memory_n be_v very_o distinct_a perception_n 6._o three_o pleasure_n or_o pain_n which_o accompany_v actual_a sensation_n accompany_v not_o the_o return_v of_o those_o idea_n without_o the_o external_a object_n 7._o four_o our_o sense_n assist_v one_o another_o testimony_n of_o the_o existence_n of_o outward_a thing_n 8._o this_o certainty_n be_v as_o great_a as_o our_o condition_n needs_o 9_o but_o reach_v no_o far_a than_o actual_a sensation_n 10._o folly_n to_o expect_v demonstration_n in_o every_o thing_n 11._o past_a existence_n be_v know_v by_o memory_n 12._o the_o existence_n of_o spirit_n not_o knowable_a 13._o particular_a proposition_n concern_v existence_n be_v knowable_a 14._o and_o general_a proposition_n concern_v abstract_a idea_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n sect_n 1._o knowledge_n be_v not_o from_o maxim_n 2._o the_o occasion_n of_o that_o opinion_n 3._o but_o from_o the_o compare_v clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n 4._o dangerous_a to_o build_v upon_o precarious_a principle_n 5._o this_o no_o certain_a way_n to_o truth_n 6._o but_o to_o compare_v clear_a complete_a idea_n under_o steady_a name_n 7._o the_o true_a method_n of_o advance_v knowledge_n be_v by_o consider_v our_o abstract_n idea_n 8._o by_o which_o morality_n also_o may_v be_v make_v clear_a 9_o but_o knowledge_n of_o body_n be_v to_o be_v improve_v only_o by_o experience_n 10._o this_o may_v procure_v we_o convenience_n not_o science_n 11._o we_o be_v fit_v for_o moral_a knowledge_n and_o natural_a improvement_n 12._o but_o must_v beware_v of_o hypothesis_n and_o wrong_a principle_n 13._o the_o true_a use_n of_o hypothesis_n 14._o clear_a and_o distinct_a idea_n with_o settle_a name_n and_o the_o find_n of_o those_o which_o show_v their_o agreement_n or_o disagreement_n be_v the_o way_n to_o enlarge_v our_o knowledge_n 15._o mathematics_n a_o instance_n of_o it_o chap._n xiii_o some_o other_o consideration_n concern_v our_o knowledge_n sect_n 1._o our_o knowledge_n partly_o necessary_a partly_o voluntary_a 2._o the_o application_n voluntary_a but_o we_o know_v as_o thing_n be_v not_o as_o we_o please_v 3._o instance_n in_o number_n chap._n fourteen_o of_o judgement_n sect_n 1._o our_o knowledge_n be_v short_a we_o want_v something_o else_o 2._o what_o use_v to_o be_v make_v of_o this_o twilight_n estate_n 3._o judgement_n supply_v the_o want_n of_o knowledge_n 4._o judgement_n be_v the_o presume_a thing_n to_o be_v so_o without_o perceive_v it_o chap._n xv._n of_o probability_n sect_n 1._o probability_n be_v the_o appearance_n of_o agreement_n upon_o fallible_a proof_n 2._o it_o be_v to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o knowledge_n 3._o be_v that_o which_o make_v we_o presume_v thing_n to_o be_v true_a before_o we_o know_v they_o to_o be_v so_o 4._o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n be_v two_o conformity_n with_o our_o own_o experience_n or_o the_o testimony_n of_o other_o experience_n 5._o in_o this_o all_o the_o agreement_n pro_fw-la and_o con_v aught_o to_o be_v examine_v before_o we_o come_v to_o a_o judgement_n 6._o they_o be_v capable_a of_o great_a variey_n chap._n xvi_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o assent_n sect_n 1._o our_o assent_n ought_v to_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o ground_n of_o probability_n 2._o these_o can_v always_o be_v all_o actual_o in_o view_n and_o then_o we_o must_v content_v ourselves_o with_o the_o remembrance_n that_o we_o once_o see_v ground_n for_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o assent_n 3._o the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o this_o if_o our_o former_a judgement_n be_v not_o right_o make_v 4._o the_o right_a use_n of_o it_o be_v mutual_a charity_n and_o forbearance_n 5._o probability_n be_v either_o of_o matter_n of_o fact_n or_o speculation_n 6._o the_o concurrent_a experience_n of_o all_o other_o man_n with_o we_o produce_v assurance_n approach_v to_o knowledge_n 7._o unquestionable_a testimony_n and_o experience_n for_o the_o most_o part_n produce_v confidence_n 8._o fair_a testimony_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n indifferent_a produce_v also_o confident_a belief_n 9_o experience_n and_o testimony_n clash_v infinite_o vary_v the_o degree_n of_o probability_n 10._o traditional_a testimony_n the_o more_o more_o their_o removed_z the_o less_o their_o proof_n 11._o yet_o history_n be_v of_o great_a use_n 12._o in_o thing_n which_o sense_n can_v discover_v analogy_n be_v the_o great_a rule_n of_o probability_n 13._o one_o case_n where_o contrary_a experience_n lessen_v not_o the_o testimony_n 14._o the_o bare_a testimony_n of_o revelation_n be_v the_o high_a certainty_n chap._n xvii_o of_o reason_n sect_n 1._o various_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n reason_n 2._o wherein_o reason_v consist_v 3._o it_o be_v four_o part_n 4._o syllogism_n not_o the_o great_a instrument_n of_o reason_n 5._o help_v little_a in_o demonstration_n less_o in_o probability_n 6._o serve_v not_o to_o increase_v our_o knowledge_n but_o fence_n with_o it_o 7._o other_o help_n shall_v be_v seek_v 8._o we_o reason_v about_o particular_n 9_o first_o reason_n fail_v we_o for_o want_v of_o idea_n 10._o second_o because_o of_o obscure_a and_o imperfect_a idea_n 11._o three_o for_o want_v of_o intermediate_v idea_n 12._o four_o because_o of_o wrong_a principle_n 13._o five_o because_o of_o doubtful_a term_n 14._o our_o high_a degree_n of_o knowledge_n be_v intuitive_a without_o reason_v 15._o the_o next_o be_v demonstration_n by_o reason_v 16._o to_o supply_v the_o narrowness_n of_o this_o we_o have_v nothing_o but_o judgement_n upon_o probable_a reason_n 17._o intuition_n demonstration_n judgement_n 18._o consequence_n of_o word_n and_o consequence_n of_o idea_n 19_o four_o sort_n of_o argument_n first_o ad_fw-la verecundiam_fw-la 20._o second_o ad_fw-la ignorantiam_fw-la 21._o three_o ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la 22._o four_o ad_fw-la judicium_fw-la 23._o above_o contrary_a and_o according_a to_o reason_n 24._o reason_n and_o faith_n not_o opposite_a chap._n xviii_o of_o faith_n and_o reason_n and_o their_o distinct_a province_n sect_n 1._o necessary_a to_o know_v their_o boundary_n 2._o faith_n and_o reason_n what_o as_o contradistinguish_v 3._o no_o new_a simple_a idea_n can_v be_v convey_v by_o traditional_a revelation_n 4._o traditional_a revelation_n may_v make_v we_o know_v proposition_n knowable_a also_o by_o reason_n but_o not_o with_o the_o same_o certainty_n that_o reason_n do_v 5._o revelation_n can_v be_v admit_v against_o the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o reason_n 6._o traditional_a revelation_n much_o less_o 7._o thing_n above_o reason_n 8._o or_o not_o contrary_a to_o reason_n if_o reveal_v be_v matter_n of_o faith_n 9_o revelation_n in_o matter_n where_o reason_n can_v judge_v or_o but_o probable_o aught_o to_o be_v hearken_v to_o 10._o in_o matter_n where_o reason_n can_v afford_v certain_a knowledge_n that_o be_v to_o be_v hearken_v to_o 11._o if_o the_o boundary_n be_v not_o set_v between_o faith_n and_o reason_n no_o enthusiasm_n or_o extravagancy_n in_o religion_n can_v be_v contradict_v chap._n xix_o of_o wrong_a assent_n or_o error_n sect_n 1._o cause_n of_o error_n 2._o first_o want_v of_o proof_n 3._o obj._n what_o shall_v become_v of_o those_o who_o want_v they_o answer_v 4._o people_n hinder_v from_o enquiry_n 5._o second_o want_v of_o skill_n to_o use_v they_o 6._o three_o want_v of_o will_n to_o use_v they_o 7._o four_o wrong_v measure_n of_o probability_n whereof_o 8_o 10._o first_o doubtful_a proposition_n take_v for_o principle_n 11._o second_o receive_v hypothesis_n 12._o three_o predominant_a passion_n 13._o the_o mean_n of_o evade_n probability_n one_a suppose_a fallacy_n 14._o two_o suppose_a argument_n for_o the_o contrary_n 15._o what_o probability_n determine_v the_o assent_n 16._o where_o it_o be_v in_o our_o power_n to_o suspend_v it_o 17._o four_o authority_n 18._o man_n not_o in_o so_o many_o error_n as_o be_v imagine_v chap._n xx._n division_n of_o the_o science_n sect_n 1._o three_o sort_n 2._o first_o physica_n 3._o second_o practica_fw-la 4._o three_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 5._o this_o be_v the_o first_o division_n of_o the_o object_n of_o knowledge_n finis_fw-la finis_fw-la gruber_n apud_fw-la thevenot_n part_v 4._o p._n 23._o 23._o lambert_n apud_fw-la there-not_a p._n 38._o 38._o vossius_fw-la de_fw-la nili_n origine_fw-la c._n 18.19_o 18.19_o p._n mart._n dec._n 1._o have_v des_fw-fr incas_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 12._o 12._o lery_z c._n 16._o 16._o rhoe_n apud_fw-la thevenot_n p_o 2._o 2._o jo._n de_fw-fr lery_z c._n 16._o 16._o a_o gry_a be_v 1_o â—â—_o of_o a_o line_n a_o line_n 1_o 10_o of_o a_o inch_n a_o inch_n 1_o 1â—_n of_o a_o philosophical_a foot_n a_o philosophical_a foot_n 1_o â—_o of_o a_o pendulum_fw-la who_o diadromsâ—_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 45_o degree_n be_v each_o equal_a to_o one_o second_o of_o time_n or_o 1_o 6â—_n of_o a_o minute_n i_o have_v affect_o make_v use_v of_o this_o measure_n here_o and_o the_o part_n of_o it_o under_o a_o decimal_n division_n with_o name_n to_o theâ—â—_n because_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v of_o general_a convenience_n that_o this_o shall_v be_v the_o common_a measure_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o letter_n
since_o we_o oftentimes_o find_v a_o disease_n quite_o strip_v the_o mind_n of_o all_o its_o idea_n and_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o fever_n in_o a_o few_o day_n calcines_fw-la all_o those_o image_n to_o dust_n and_o confusion_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v as_o last_v as_o if_o carve_v in_o marble_n §_o 6._o but_o concern_v the_o idea_n themselves_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o remark_n that_o those_o that_o be_v often_o refresh_v among_o which_o be_v those_o that_o be_v convey_v into_o the_o mind_n by_o more_o way_n than_o one_o by_o a_o frequent_a return_n of_o the_o object_n or_o action_n that_o produce_v they_o fix_v themselves_o best_o in_o the_o memory_n and_o remain_v clear_a and_o long_a there_o and_o therefore_o those_o which_o be_v of_o the_o original_a quality_n of_o body_n viz._n solidity_n extension_n figure_n motion_n and_o rest_v and_o those_o that_o almost_o constant_o affect_v our_o body_n as_o heat_n and_o cold_a and_o those_o which_o be_v the_o affection_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o being_n as_o existence_n duration_n and_o number_n which_o almost_o every_o object_n that_o affect_v our_o sense_n every_o thought_n which_o employ_v our_o mind_n bring_v along_o with_o they_o these_o i_o say_v and_o the_o like_a idea_n be_v seldom_o quite_o lose_v whilst_o the_o mind_n retain_v any_o idea_n at_o all_o §_o 7._o in_o this_o secundary_a perception_n as_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o or_o view_v again_o the_o idea_n that_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o memory_n the_o mind_n be_v oftentimes_o more_o than_o bare_o passive_a the_o appearance_n of_o those_o dormant_a picture_n depend_v sometime_o on_o the_o will._n the_o mind_n very_o often_o set_v itself_o on_o work_n in_o search_n of_o some_o hide_a idea_n and_o turn_n as_o it_o be_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o soul_n upon_o it_o though_o sometime_o too_o they_o start_v up_o in_o our_o mind_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n and_o offer_v themselves_o to_o the_o understanding_n and_o very_o often_o be_v rouse_v and_o tumble_v out_o of_o their_o dark_a cell_n into_o open_a daylight_n by_o some_o turbulent_a and_o tempestuous_a passion_n our_o affection_n bring_v idea_n to_o our_o memory_n which_o have_v otherwise_o lie_v quiet_a and_o unregarded_a §_o 8._o memory_n in_o a_o intellectual_a creature_n be_v necessary_a in_o the_o next_o degree_n to_o perception_n it_o be_v of_o so_o great_a moment_n that_o where_o it_o be_v want_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o faculty_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n useless_a and_o we_o in_o our_o thought_n reason_n and_o knowledge_n can_v not_o proceed_v beyond_o present_a object_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o assistance_n of_o our_o memory_n wherein_o there_o may_v be_v two_o defect_n first_o that_o it_o lose_v the_o idea_n quite_o and_o so_o far_o it_o produce_v perfect_a ignorance_n for_o since_o we_o can_v know_v nothing_o far_o than_o we_o have_v the_o idea_n of_o it_o when_o they_o be_v go_v we_o be_v in_o perfect_a ignorance_n second_o that_o it_o move_v slow_o and_o retrieves_z not_o the_o idea_n that_o it_o have_v and_o be_v lay_v up_o in_o store_n quick_a enough_o to_o serve_v the_o mind_n upon_o occasion_n this_o if_o it_o be_v to_o a_o great_a degree_n be_v stupidity_n and_o he_o who_o through_o this_o default_n in_o his_o memory_n have_v not_o the_o idea_n that_o be_v real_o preserve_v there_o ready_a at_o hand_n when_o need_n and_o occasion_n call_v for_o they_o be_v almost_o as_o good_a be_v without_o they_o quite_o since_o they_o serve_v he_o to_o little_a purpose_n the_o dull_a man_n who_o lose_v the_o opportunity_n whilst_o he_o be_v seek_v in_o his_o mind_n for_o those_o idea_n that_o shall_v serve_v his_o turn_n be_v not_o much_o more_o happy_a in_o his_o knowledge_n than_o one_o that_o be_v perfect_o ignorant_a it_o be_v the_o business_n therefore_o of_o the_o memory_n to_o furnish_v to_o the_o mind_n those_o dormant_a idea_n which_o it_o have_v present_a occasion_n for_o and_o in_o the_o have_v they_o ready_a at_o hand_n on_o all_o occasion_n consist_v that_o which_o we_o call_v invention_n fancy_n and_o quickness_n of_o part_n §_o 9_o this_o faculty_n of_o lay_v up_o and_o retain_v the_o idea_n that_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o mind_n several_a other_o animal_n seem_v to_o have_v to_o a_o great_a degree_n as_o well_o as_o man._n for_o to_o pass_v by_o other_o instance_n bird_n learn_v of_o tune_n and_o the_o endeavour_v one_o may_v observe_v in_o they_o to_o hit_v the_o note_n right_a put_v it_o past_a doubt_n with_o i_o that_o they_o have_v perception_n and_o retain_v idea_n in_o their_o memory_n and_o use_v they_o for_o pattern_n for_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o impossible_a that_o they_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o conform_v their_o voice_n to_o note_n as_o it_o be_v plain_a they_o do_v of_o which_o they_o have_v no_o idea_n for_o though_o i_o shall_v grant_v sound_n may_v mechanical_o cause_v a_o certain_a motion_n of_o the_o animal_n spirit_n in_o the_o brain_n of_o those_o bird_n whilst_o the_o tune_n be_v actual_o play_v and_o that_o motion_n may_v be_v continue_v on_o to_o the_o muscle_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o so_o the_o bird_n mechanical_o be_v drive_v away_o by_o certain_a noise_n because_o this_o may_v tend_v to_o the_o bird_n preservation_n yet_o that_o can_v never_o be_v suppose_v a_o reason_n why_o it_o shall_v cause_v mechanical_o either_o whilst_o the_o tune_n be_v play_v much_o less_o after_o it_o have_v cease_v such_o a_o motion_n in_o the_o organ_n of_o the_o bird_n voice_n as_o shall_v conform_v it_o to_o the_o note_n of_o a_o foreign_a sound_n which_o imitation_n can_v be_v of_o no_o use_n to_o the_o bird_n preservation_n but_o which_o be_v more_o it_o can_v with_o any_o appearance_n of_o reason_n be_v suppose_v much_o less_o prove_v that_o bird_n without_o sense_n and_o memory_n can_v approach_v their_o note_n near_o and_o near_o by_o degree_n to_o a_o tune_n play_v yesterday_o which_o if_o they_o have_v no_o idea_n of_o in_o their_o memory_n be_v now_o nowhere_o nor_o can_v be_v a_o pattern_n for_o they_o to_o imitate_v or_o which_o any_o repeat_v essay_n can_v bring_v they_o near_o to_o snce_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o pipe_n shall_v leave_v trace_n in_o their_o brain_n which_o not_o at_o first_o but_o by_o their_o after-endeavour_n shall_v produce_v the_o like_a sound_n and_o why_o the_o sound_v they_o make_v themselves_o shall_v not_o make_v trace_n which_o they_o shall_v follow_v as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o pipe_n be_v impossible_a to_o conceive_v chap._n xi_o of_o discern_v and_o other_o operation_n of_o the_o mind_n §_o 1._o another_o faculty_n we_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o our_o mind_n be_v that_o of_o discern_v and_o distinguish_v between_o the_o several_a idea_n it_o have_v it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o have_v a_o confuse_a perception_n of_o something_o in_o general_n unless_o the_o mind_n have_v a_o distinct_a perception_n of_o different_a object_n and_o their_o quality_n it_o will_v be_v capable_a of_o very_o little_a knowledge_n though_o the_o body_n that_o affect_v we_o be_v as_o busy_a about_o we_o as_o they_o be_v now_o and_o the_o mind_n be_v continual_o employ_v in_o think_v on_o this_o faculty_n of_o distinguish_v one_o thing_n from_o another_o depend_v the_o evidence_n and_o certainty_n of_o several_a even_o very_o general_a proposition_n which_o have_v pass_v for_o innate_a truth_n because_o man_n overlook_a the_o true_a cause_n why_o those_o proposition_n find_v universal_a assent_n impute_v it_o whole_o to_o native_a uniform_a impression_n whereas_o it_o in_o truth_n depend_v upon_o this_o clear_a discern_a faculty_n of_o the_o mind_n whereby_o it_o perceive_v two_o idea_n to_o be_v the_o same_o or_o different_a but_o of_o this_o more_o hereafter_o §_o 2._o how_o much_o the_o imperfection_n of_o accurate_o discriminate_v idea_n one_o from_o another_o lie_v either_o in_o the_o dulness_n or_o fault_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o sense_n or_o want_v of_o accuteness_n exercise_n or_o attention_n in_o the_o understanding_n or_o hastiness_n and_o precipitancy_n natural_a to_o some_o temper_n i_o will_v not_o here_o examine_v it_o suffice_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o operation_n that_o the_o mind_n may_v reflect_v on_o and_o observe_v in_o itself_o it_o be_v of_o that_o consequence_n to_o its_o other_o knowledge_n that_o so_o far_o as_o this_o faculty_n be_v in_o itself_o dull_a or_o not_o right_o make_v use_n of_o for_o the_o distinguish_a one_o thing_n from_o another_o so_o far_o our_o notion_n be_v confuse_v and_o our_o reason_n and_o judgement_n disturb_v or_o mislead_v if_o in_o have_v our_o idea_n in_o the_o memory_n ready_a at_o hand_n consist_v quickness_n of_o part_n in_o this_o of_o have_v they_o unconfused_a and_o be_v able_a nice_o to_o distinguish_v one_o thing_n