the delivery of the Deed before Livery be made If the Mannor of D. be given by Deed with all the Woods and within the Deed there is a Letter of Atturny to make Livery if Livery be not made yet his Executors shall have the Wood. But if Livery be made then the Wood shall go along with the Land If A. requires another or gives him authority without Deed to write seal and deliver a Grant of a Rent Charge out of the Land of the Grantor in the name of the Grantor which is done the Grant is good for if I make a Grant and command one to deliver it it will be good without Deed. So if I by Paroll deliver it him as an Escrowle to be delivered as my Deed upon Condition to be performed that is good But an Authority to make Livery must be by Deed. Neither shall a Woman aver the Assent of the Father for Dower Ex Assensu patris without Deed. Neither can the Lessor Authorize the Lessee to commit Wast without Deed. If an Infant delivers a Deed which bares date two years after and at the end of the two years he is of full age he shall not be Estopped to shew the delivery before the date no more than a Fem covert otherwise every Infant may be deluded Debt LEssee for forty years makes a Lease for ten years rendring a Rent the first Lessee surrenders the Lessor brings Debt against the second Lessee Quaere A man shall not have Debt for Releif or Escuage granted unto him for it is mixt in the Realty but his Executors shall but he must distrein So the Lord shall not have an Action of Debt for Ayd pur file marier or pur fair fits Chivalier But if he dies before it be levied the Tenant shall be discharged of it An Action of Debt shall not be brought against the Heir and his Brother in Borough English where the Eldest hath nothing by descent as it shall be against the Heirs in Gavel kind for there he may have a joint judgement against all and not against the Eldest in the other case for he hath nothing upon which it may be levied Quod nota An Action of Debt brought by Executors shall be in the Detinet only although it be for Arrears of Rent incurred after the death of the Testator So it shall be against a man acccomptable to the Testator A Seignory is granted for years the Rent is Arrear and the Tenant dies the years expire if the Grantee shall have an an Action of Debt against the Heir because it was due in the time of his Father and also some was due in his own time or if he shall have an Action of Debt against the Executors for that which was due in the Testators life time or is without Remedy Some say that the Heir shall not be charged in Debt if the Father die not oblige himself and his Heirs expressely and the Executors shall not be charged for they were not chargeable by the death of the Testator for at that time the Grantee could not have an Action of Debt but his remedy was by distresse for then the years were not expired and so no remedy 9 H. 7. 17. a. Co. 4. 49. An Annuity is granted for the life of A. the Grantee releases all Actions of Annuity he shall not have an Action of Debt for the Arrerages although that A. dies afterwards Devastavit vide Executor Devise A Woman hath Issue a Son and by another Husband hath Issue another Son the second Husband devises Land to the Wife for life the Remainder to the next of the blood of the Wife The youngest Son shall take in Remainder although it be true that one is not nearer of blood to the Mother than the other and the Eldest is of the most worthy blood yet he is not neerest and so it is uncertain who should take according to the letter of the Wlll yet the Intent which is always to be considered in Wills shall be construed in Favour of the youngest because he was Issue of the Devisor Pasc 5. Eliz. A great Case was argued in the Exchequer There were three Brothers the second brother purchased Land and devised it to his Son in tail and if he died without Issue that then it should remain to the next of the Kindred of the Lineage of the Father the Eldest Son was then dead having a Son it was adjudged that the Son of the Eldest should have the Land for he is next of the Lineage For Lineage shall be taken in a Lineall descent which is the most worthy Line Dy. 333. pl. 29. A Devise to the next of Blood the Son of the Eldest Brother shall have it before the younger Brother If Land be devised upon Condition or rendring a Rent that is void for it cannot be good in either case except the Reservor might take advantage of it and the Heir cannot have that which his Ancestor could not And if a man devise Land with Warranty that is void because the Father was not bound But to some there seems a Diversity for in the last case there is a Charge to the Heir and in the first it is for his advantage If the Lord devises Land to his Villein this is an Infranchisment against the Heir and yet he was the Villein of the Heir when the Devise took Effect A man having three Daughters devises to them a hundred pound a piece for their marriage Portions and if any of them die before their Marriage then the other should have her Portion by Survivor one dies in the life of the Father the other shall have three hundred pound after the death of the Father and yet nothing survived for she had nothing in possession yet they shall take it by the intent of the Devisor for when he says that if any of them die before their Marriage that the other shall have her Portion this makes it in nature of a Remainder and then though the first Devisee does die in the life of the Testator yet he in Remainder shall take the Estate per Manwood Dy. 127. p. 59. As a Devise to a Monk the Remainder to another the Remainder is good A. Devises Land upon Condition and if the Condition be broke that his Executors shall sell the Land the Devise as to the Executors is void for the Heir must enter for the Condition broken and then he shall hold it discharged of all Conditions A. Devises twenty pound to B. when he arrives at the age of six and twenty years and if he dies before he Devises it to C. B. releases to the Executors of A. before he attains his age of six and twenty years if it shall be a Bar Quaere If A. Devises twenty pound yearly for twenty years the Devisee hath no Remedy for his not Issuing out of any Land for he cannot take it as a Legacy and an Annuity does not lie against Executors for the Testator was never charged A Jointure
in a Formedon and dies the son born cannot enter or have Execution But if the Issue in tail recovers against the Discontinuee and after is attainted of Felony his Issue shall enter or sue Execution for he is privy in Estate Tenant in tail recovers in value by Voucher of the donor and is attainted of Felony his Issue shall not have Execution If the Son hath the Land of the Father and of another in Execution upon a Statute and the Land descend from the Father to the Son the whole Execution is discharged In Judgement for debt the party shall not have Execution but of that Land only which he had at the time of the Judgement and not at the time of the purchase of the Writ But in debt against the Heir if he aliens hanging the Writ it shall be liable to the Execution although the alienation was before the Judgement for the Action was conceived against him in consideration of the land but in the first case it was in respect of the person The Conisor of a Statute is in Execution and his Land also the Conisee releases to him all debts the Execution is discharged by this Release for the debt was in being until it was levied of the profits but though the Execution be discharged by the party yet until it be discharged in fact if the Goaler had suffered him to go at large he could not have said but that he was in Execution Executors IF a Lease for years be made reserving a Rent upon Condition of Re-entry for not payment If the Executor breaks the Condition so that the Lessor re-enters it is a Devastavit in them otherwise if the Condition were performable on the part of the Lessor Br. Extinguishment 54. for every voluntary act of the Executor by which the Goods of the Testator are consumed without any benefit to the Testator is a Devastavit But if an Executor having such a term as Executor purchaseth the Reversion that is not a Devastavit for the Term as to Assetts is in being still If a man Mortgages his Term and dies and his Executors do not redeem it some think it is a Devastavit If they have Assetts in their hands wherewith to redeem it and the Term be better than the price of the Redemption so if an Executor sells a term under the value by which the Creditors lose their Debts this some think is a Devastavit But if a man be possest of a term and devises it to his Executors to be sold Meliori modo quo possunt for payment of his Debts they sell it under the value that is no Devastavit for it may be it was the best price they could get If Husband and Wife make a Lease of the Wives Land reserving a Rent the Husband distreins and avows and has a Return and dies the Cattle are discharged for the Executors cannot have them for they are but as a Pledge and being the Executors cannot pretend any Right to the duty they cannot detain the Pledge for the Wife is to have the Duty Vide 33 H. 6. 48. If a Rent Charge be granted in Fee the Grantee dies without Heir the Executors shall not have an Action of Debt for the Arrerages But if the Grantee had brought a writ of Annuity and Recovered then the Executors should have an Action of Debt for the arrerages for if the Inheritance of a Rent determins the Arrerages are extinct otherwise of an Annuity If a Grant be made of a Robe or twenty shillings and the Grantee dies before Election his Executors cannot demand the Arrears The Executors of a Grantee for years of a Rent Charge shall have Election either to have an Action of Debt or Annuity If a man be bound in twenty pound and his Executors have but ten pound an Action of Debt lies against the Heir for all for if he chooseth the Executor he cannot sue the Heir for the Remnant If an Obligor in twenty pound hath Goods to the value of ten pounds only and makes the Obligee his Executor he shall retain that as parcell of the Duty and for the rest bring his Action against the Heir for it is by the act of the Law that the duty is apporcioned If A. by Deed gives the Mannor of D. with all the Woods to B. if Livery be not made the Executors shall have the Woods If there be two Wills and the Executor of the last refuseth before the Ordinary yet the first is revoked by the intent of the Testator If the Executor Releases a duty of the Testator this is so much an Administration so that he cannot after refuse but yet if he doth after avoid the Release he may refuse A Lease for life is made rendring a Rent at Mich and the Annunc the Land is sowen at Mich and the Lessee dies if the Executors shall have the Land untill the Corn be ripe if they ought to pay the Rent Some think the Lessor may have an Action upon the case for the Executors have the profits of the Land c. and no fault in the Lessor As if a gift in tail be made Reserving thirty Shillings and the Donee dies without Issue and the Wife is endowed she shall pay ten shilshillings and yet the Estate is determined but she claims under the Estate of the Husband A man makes a Lease for life reserving a Rent upon Condition that if the Rent be behind that the Lessor shall enter and retain untill he be satisfied of the Arrears he enters and dies his Executors shall not retain for the Arrears were not Chattles at the beginning and therefore they shall not retain the Land as a Gage as they shall do for the double value for that was a Chattle at the beginning But in the first case the Arrears are given to the Executors by the Statute of 32 H. 8. Yet being the Arrears were no Chattles at the first and so not due to them by their own nature therefore they shall not retain As in 15 E. 4. 10. In Rescous there it is said if the Defendant in a Replevin avows for a Rent due to him and his Wife and upon that he hath a Return and dies the Tenant shall have his Cattle back again without any Agreement because the Executors could not have the distresse being they could not have the Rent but the Wife was to have it If an Executor delivers a Legacy upon Condition it is no good delivery The Debtee and another are Executors to the Debtor the Debtee recovers against the other and after Administers with the other and then sues Execution by Scire facias If the other shall have an Audita Querela and in whose name it shall be sued or if the property shall be altered in the Recoveror or if Execution be discharged but some think that Execution cannot be stopt but the Recoveror shall have it to the use of the Testator Vide Condition Debt Extinguishment THe Tenant holds ten Acres by ten
two the other Moity to the other two the first two are Jointenants with themselves and Tenants in common with the last two and so è converso they are Jointenants of a Moity and Tenants in common of the whole and two Praecipes shall be sued against the four and by the four but for the two joint Praecipes for and against them Jointenants TWo Jointenants in Fee one a Minor makes a Lease for life he of full age dies the other recovers a Moity in a Dum fuit infra c. Tenant for life dies the Heir of the other Jointenant enters the Infant outs him he brings an Assize some think it is maintainable For when he brought a Dum fuit infra c. and recovered a Moity now he defeats the Lease for his moity and makes it as if the other had made the Lease for life only which makes a severance of the Jointure Two Jointenants by twelve pence one grants all that belongs to him upon Condition the Lord grants the Seignory of one with Atturnment the Feoffor Enters for breach of the Condition he shall hold by twelve pence and the other by twelve pence also for there is no Apporcionment Though one Jointenant cannot infeoffe his Companion yet his Companion and another he may and the Livery made to the other shall vest the Estate in both If a Reversion be granted to Tenant for life and a stranger the Jointure of the Fee is severed for Tenant for life hath a Fee in the moity Executed If the Reversion be granted to Tenant in tail and a Stranger the Fee remaines in Jointure And if the Husband be Tenant for life and the Reversion is granted to him and his Wife the Jointure remains for there is no Moities between them If a Lease be made to two Habendum one Moity to one the other to the other for life and after a Confirmation is made to them and their Heirs the Joynture of the Fee is severed for the Confirmation inures according to the Nature of the Estate But if the Reversion had been granted to them in Fee they had been Joyntenants for the particular Estate had been drowned If there be two Tenants in Common for life and the Reversion is granted to two Jointly and one Purchaseth the Estate of one Tenant for life and the other of the other The Joynture is severed For the Purchase being at severall times presently upon each purchase the fee was executed If a Seignory be granted in fee to two one takes an Estate of the Tenancy pur auter vye cesty que vye dies The Jointure remains because they were Jointenants at the beginning Two Jointenants for life and one is bound in a Statute and then grants his Estate yet it is liable to execution during his life but 't is otherwise of an Estate for years for in the one the Land is bound by the Statute in the other not If a Recovery be had against one Jointenant his Companion shall not avoid it for the Right was bound but it is otherwise of Charges for the possession is only chargeable If one Jointenant in Fee takes a Lease by Indenture of his Moity from a stranger the Survivor shall avoid it Land is given to two and the Heirs of their bodies the remainder to their right Heirs they are not Jointenants of the Fee If one Jointenant makes a Lease for five years on Condition that the Lessee doth such an Act by a day he shall have for twenty years and he dies before the day the Condition is void as to the Survivor If there be two Jointenants for life one makes a Lease for years and dies the Survivor shall not avoid it for the same Estate which he had continues now and there is no difference if they had a Feesimple some think the contrary for the Survivor hath not the Freehold of his Companion as he hath the Fee where they are Jointenants in Feesimple for his Estate determins by his death But all agree that if A. and B. be Jointenants for the life of C. and A. makes a Lease for life and dies B. shall not avoid it for the Estate which he had continues Two Jointenants in Fee are disseised by the Father of one who dies and the son enters he is remitted to all the land his Companion shall enter with him And it is not like the case where two are disseised and a Dissent cast during the Nonage of one and he enters and is remitted for a Moity his Companion shall not enter because that this priviledge is given him in respect of his person more than in respect of the Land Neither is it like the case where Tenant in tail enfeoffs one Daughter and she dies she being within age she is remitted and yet her Companion shall not have Advantage of it because the Right was not in them before If a Fem Jointenant for years takes Husband and she dies the Survivor shall have all Two Jointenants of two Acres the Land is confirmed to them in Fee of one Acre to the use of one and of the other to the use of the other they are severall Tenants of the Freehold of the Acres for the Freehold is drownd to the Confirmation to the use Tenant for life makes a Lease for life the remainder to his Lessor and a Stranger they are not Jointenants but the Stranger shall take all for he could not give a Fee to him that had it before As if Tenant in tail infeoffs the Donor or if one Jointenant his Companion and a Stranger the Stranger takes all If two Jointenants makes a Lease for life and one grants his part of the Reversion during the life of the Lessee some think this is a severance of the Jointure If one Jointenant makes a Lease for years the Remainder to the right Heirs of A. if the Lessor dies in the life of A. the Survivor shall have the Reversion for the Lease for yeares was no severance of the Jointure neither could it support the contingent remainder Judgement IN Debt upon a Recovery in trespass the plaintiff recovers there where the action was brought a Writ of Error depending in B. R. upon trespass and after the Judgement given in debt the Judgement in trespass is reversed Quaere what remedy he shall have for the debt recovered for it is a Recovery in the C. B. which he cannot reverse in another Court and though he might yet the Execution of the debt being past he cannot be restored to that by the Reversall in the first Writ of Error in the trespass Lease IF a Lease be made for years and after the Lessor makes another Lease for life to commence after the end of the term the second Lease is void although there be Atturnment for a Freehold cannot passe out of any person that hath a greater Estate reserving an Estate until the Freehold commences but if the Lease had been but for years it had been otherwise