second found means by intelligence had with sir William de Eland constable of the castell of Notingham to take the said earle of March with his sonne the lord Roger or Geffrey Mortimer and sir Simon Bereford with other Sir Hugh Trumpington or Turrington as line 10 some copies haue that was one of his chéefest fréends with certeine other were slaine as they were about to resist against the lord Montacute and his companie in taking of the said earle The manner of his taking I passe ouer bicause of the diuersitie in report thereof by sundrie writers From Notingham he was sent vp to London with his sonne the lord Roger or Geffrey de Mortimer sir Simon Bereford and the other prisoners where they were committed to prison in the tower Shortlie after was a parlement line 20 called at Westminster chéefelie as was thought for reformation of things disordered through the misgouernance of the earle of March But whosoeuer was glad or sorie for the trouble of the said earle suerlie the queene mother tooke it most heauilie aboue all other as she that loued him more as the fame went than stood well with hir honour For as some write she was found to be with child by him They kept as it were house togither for the earle to haue his prouision the better cheape laid his penie line 30 with hirs so that hir takers serued him as well as they did hir both of vittels cariages Of which mis-vsage all regard to honour and estimation neglected euerie subiect spake shame For their manner of dealing tending to such euill purposes as they continuallie thought vpon could not be secret from the eies of the people And their offense héerein was so much the more heinous bicause they were persons of an extraordinarie degree and were the more narrowlie marked of the multitude or common people line 40 nam lux altissima fati Occultum nil esse sinit latebrásque per omnes Intrat obtrusos explorat fama recessus But now in this parlement holden at Westminster he was attainted of high treason expressed in fiue articles as in effect followeth 1 First he was charged that he had procured Edward of Carnaruan the kings father to be murthered in most heinous and tyrannous maner within the castell of Berklie 2 Secondlie that the Scots at Stanop parke line 50 through his means escaped 3 Thirdlie that he receiued at the hands of the lord Iames Dowglas at that time generall of the Scots great summes of monie to execute that treason and further to conclude the peace vpon such dishonorable couenants as was accorded with the Scots at the parlement of Northampton 4 Fourthlie that he had got into his hands a great part of the kings treasure and had wasted and line 60 consumed it 5 Fiftlie that he had impropried vnto him diuers wards that belonged vnto the king and had béene more priuie with queene Isabell the kings mother than stood either with Gods law or the kings pleasure These articles with other being prooued against him he was adiudged by authoritie of the parlement to suffer death and according therevnto vpon saint Andrewes eeuen next insuing he was at London drawne and hanged at the common place of execution called in those daies The elmes now Tiborne as in some bookes we find His bodie remained two daies and two nights on the gallowes and after taken downe was deliuered to the friers minors who buried him in their church the morrow after he was deliuered to them with great pompe and funerall exequies although afterwards he was taken vp and carried vnto Wigmore whereof he was lord He came not to his answer in iudgement no more than any other of the nobilitie had doone since the death of Thomas earle of Lancaster Sir Simon de Bereford knight that had béene one of the kings iustices was drawne also and hanged at London vpon S. Lucies daie In this parlement holden at Westminster the king tooke into his hand by aduise of the states there assembled all the possessions lands and reuenues that belonged to the quéene his mother she hauing assigned to hir a thousand pounds by yeare for the maintenance of hir estate being appointed to remaine in a certeine place and not to go elsewhere abroad yet the king to comfort hir would lightlie euerie yeare once come to visit hir ¶ After that the erle of March was executed as yée haue heard diuerse noble men that were departed the realme bicause they could not abide the pride and presumption of the said earle now returned as the sonne and heire of the earle of Arundell the lord Thomas Wake the L. Henrie Beaumont sir Thomas de Rosselin sir Foulke fitz Warren sir Griffin de la Poole and diuerse other In the fift yeare of K. Edwards reigne Edward Balioll came foorth of France into England and obteined such fauour through the assistance of the lord Henrie Beaumont the lord Dauid of Strabogie earle of Athole the lord Geffrey de Mowbraie the lord Walter Cumin and others that king Edward granted him licence to make his prouision in England to passe into Scotland with an armie of men to attempt the recouerie of his right to the crowne of Scotland with condition that if he recouered it he should acknowledge to hold it of the king of England as superiour lord of Scotland The comming awaie of Edward Balioll out of France is diuerslie reported by writers some saie that he was aided by the French king whose sister he had married and other saie that he being in prison in France for the escape of an Englishman one Iohn Barnabie esquier which had slaine a Frenchman by chance of quarelling in the towne of Dampierre where the same Barnabie dwelled with the said Edward Balioll so it came to passe that the lord Henrie Beaumont hauing occasion of businesse with the French king that fauoured him well came ouer to France and there vnderstanding of Baliols imprisonment procured his deliuerance and brought him ouer into England and caused him to remaine in secret wise at the manor of Sandhall vpon Ouse in Yorkeshire with the ladie Uesci◠till he had purchased the kings grant for him to make his prouision of men of war and ships within the English dominions In the sixt yeare of king Edwards reigne Reignold earle of Gelderland married the ladie Elianor sister to this king Edward the third who gaue vnto the said earle with hir for hir portion fifteene thousand pounds sterling ¶ Isabell the kings daughter was borne also this yeare at Woodstoke ¶ After that Edward Balioll had prepared and made readie his purueiances for his iournie and that his men of warre were assembled and come togither being in all not past fiue hundred men of armes and about two thousand archers and other footmen he tooke the sea at Rauenspurgh in Yorkeshire and from thence directing his course northward he
dearth increased still almost by the space of 40 yeares till the death of Edward the second in so much that sometime a bushell of wheat London measure was sold at ten shillings The king after he had remained and continued three yeares two moneths and fiftéene daies in Gascoine and in other parts there beyond the sea he returned into England on the fourth day of August and vpon the euen of the Assumption of our ladie he came to London where he was most ioifullie receiued so â—ame to Westminster where shortlie after were presented vnto him manie gréeuous complaints and informations against diuerse of his iustices as sir Thomas Weiland Adam Stretton and others the which were had in examination and thervpon found giltie of manie trespasses and transgressions in so much that it was giuen him to vnderstand that there were among them that had giuen consent to the committing of murthers and robberies and wittinglie had receiued the offendors Wherevpon the king caused streight inquirie to be made by an inquest of 12 substantiall personages who found by verdict that Thomas Weiland lord chéefe iustice of the kings bench had caused a murther to be doone by his seruants and after succoured and mainteined them hervpon he was by the kings officers arrested but escaping their hands he tooke sanctuarie in the church of the friers minors at saint Edmundesburie and was admitted into their habit but within fourtie daies after order was giuen by the king that no kind of vittels should be suffered to be conueied to that house so that all the friers came foorth except three or foure and at length he was constreined to take vpon him a laie mans apparell and comming foorth was deliuered to the hands of Robert Malet knight who had before the custodie of him and now hauing him againe brought him to the towre of London At length he was put to his choise of thrée waies which soeuer of them he would take that is whether to be tried by his péeres or to remaine in perpetuall prison or to abiure the realme he chose the last and so bare-footed and bare-headed bearing a crosse in his hand he was conueied from the towre to Douer where taking the sea he was transported to the further side of the sea his goods mooueable and vnmooueable being confisâ—atâ— to the kings coffers William Brampton Roger Leicester Iohn Luneth associats of the said Thomas and iustices of the kings bench also Robert Lithburie chapleine and maister of the rolles being accused of wrongfull iudgements and other trespasses were committed to prison within the tower and at length with much adoo escaped with paieng their fines so that he which paied least gaue a thousand marks Moreouer Salomon of Rochester Thomas de Sudington Richard de Boiland and Walter de Hopton iustices itinerants were likewise punished and for the semblable offenses put to their fines Sir Rafe de Hingham line 10 a iustice also to whome in the kings absence the ordering of the realme chéefelie apperteined being accused of diuerse transgressions and committed to the tower redeemed his offense for an infinit summe of monie Adam de Stratton lord chéefe baron of the excheker being conuicted of manie hainous crimes a man plentifullie prouided both of temporall possessions and ecclesiasticall reuenues lost all his temporall liuings and foure and thirtie thousand marks in readie coine beside other mooueables in cattell line 20 iewels and furniture of houshold which were all confiscated and forfeited wholie and it was thought he was gentlie dealt with that he escaped with life and such spirituall liuings as to him remained Henrie Braie escheator and the iudges ouer the Iewes were reported to haue committed manie greeuous offenses but for monie they bought their peace To conclude there was not found any amongst all the iustices and officers cleere and void of vniust dealing except Iohn de Metingham and Elias de Bekingham line 30 who onelie among the rest had behaued themselues vprightlie When therfore such gréeuous complaints were exhibited to the king he appointed the earle of Lincolne the bishop of Elie and others to heare euerie mans complaint and vpon due examination triall to sée them answered accordinglie as right and equitie should require In which administration of iustice against euill iusticiaries the king performed the charge imposed and laid vpon all such as are in gouernement and magistracie namelie line 40 Nunc igitur reges resipiscite quaerite rectum Quorum iudicijs terra regenda data est In the eighteenth yeare of his reigne the king married two of his daughters that is to saie Ioane de Acres vnto Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester and the ladie Margaret vnto the lord Iohn sonne to the duke of Brabant ¶ The king ordeined that all the wooll which should be sold vnto strangers should be brought vnto Sandwich where the staple thereof was kept long time after In the same yeare was a line 50 parlement holden at Westminster wherein the statutes of Westminster the third were ordeined It was also decreed that all the Iewes should auoid out of the land in consideration whereof a fifteenth was granted to the king and so héervpon were the Iewes banished out of all the kings dominions and neuer since could they obteine any priuilege to returne hither againe All their goods not mooueable were confiscated with their taillies and obligations but all other their goods that were mooueable togither with line 60 their coine of gold and siluer the king licenced them to haue and conuey with them A sort of the richest of them being shipped with their treasure in a mightie â—all ship which they had hired when the fame was vnder saile and got downe the Thames towards the mouth of the riuer beyond Quinborowe the maister mariner be thought him of a wile and caused his men to cast anchor and so rode at the same till the ship by ebbing of the streame remained on the drie sands The maister herewith entised the Iewes to walke out with him on land for recreation And at length when he vnderstood the tide to be comming in he got him backe to the ship whither he was drawne vp by a cord The Iewes made not so much hast as he did bicause they were not ware of the danger But when they perceiued how the matter stood they cried to him for helpe howbeit he told them that they ought to crie rather vnto Moses by whose conduct their fathers passed through the red sea and therefore if they would call to him for helpe he was able inough to helpe them out of those raging flouds which now came in vpon them they cried indéed but no succour appeared and so they were swallowed vp in water The maister returned with the ship and told the king how he had vsed the matter and had both thanks and reward as some haue written But other affirme and more truelie as should seeme
prisonae nostrae liberandos saluò securè in eadem per vicecomitem comitatus praedicti custodiendos it a quòd ab eadem prisona nullo modo deliberentur sine mandato nostro speciali line 60 Et ideo vobis mandamus quòd ad certos diem locum quos ad hoc prouideritis inquisitiones illas faciatis Et assumpto vobiscum sufficienti passe comitatus praedicti si necesse fuerit dictos malefactores coram vobis sic indictatos arrestetis ipsos prisonae nostrae liberetis informa praedicta etiam omnia bona catalla ipsorum malefactorū qui se subtraxerint fugam fecerint postquam de felonijs aliquibus coram vobis solenniter indictati fuerint per vicecomitem comitatus praedicti in manum nostram capiatis ea ad opus nostrum saluò custodire faciatis donec aliud inde vobis praeceperimus Mandamus enim vicecomiti nostro comitatus praedicti quòd ad certos diem locum quos vos prouidere duxeritis venire faciat coram vobis tot tales tam milites quà m alios quos habere decreueritis de comitatu illo tam infra libertates quà m extra per quos ipsa veritas meliùs sciri poterit inquiri Et quod omnes illos quos per inquisitionem culpabiles inuenire contigerit quos vos sic liberaueritis à nobis recipiantur quorum nomina eis scire faciatis assumpto secum sufficienti posse comitatus praedicti sine dilatione arrestari in prisona nostra saluò securè custodire faciat in forma praedicta communitati dicti comitatus quod simul cum vicecomite praedicto vobis quotienscúnque opus fuerit in praemissis pareat assistat intendat prout eis iniungetis ex parte nostra In cuius reitestimonium c. ¶ Heerevnto were annexed certeine articles by way of instructions of what points they should inquire as partlie aboue is noted out of the addition to Matthew West but not so fullie as in the said chronicle of Abington is found expressed and heere for breefenesse omitted In the three and thirtith yeare of his reigne king Edward put his sonne prince Edward in prison bicause that he had riotouslie broken the parke of Walter Langton bishop of Chester and bicause the prince had doone this déed by the procurement of a lewd and wanton person one Péers Gauaston an esquire of Gascoine the king banished him the realme least the prince who delighted much in his companie might by his euill and wanton counsell fall to euill and naughtie rule Moreouer the same yeare William Waleis was taken and deliuered vnto king Edward who caused him to be brought to London where on S. Bartholmewes euen he was conueied through the streets vnto Westminster and there arreigned of hie treason and condemned and therevpon hanged drawne and quartered his head was set ouer London bridge his right side ouer the bridge at Newcastell vpon Tine his left side was sent to Berwike and there set vp his right leg was sent to S. Iohns towne and his left vnto Aberden in which places the same were set vp for an example of terror to others Also about the same time the king of France required the king of England by messengers and letters sent vnto him that he would banish all the Flemings out of his realme in like manner as at his instance he had latelie before banished all the Scotishmen out of France The king of England was contented so to doo and by that means were all the Flemings auoided out of this land at that season but shortlie after they returned againe King Edward accused Robert archbishop of Canturburie vnto the pope for that he should go about to trouble the quiet state of the realme and to defend and succour rebellious persons wherevpon the said archbishop being cited to the popes consistorie was suspended from executing his office till he should purge himselfe by order of law of such crimes as were laid and obiected against him The king also obteined an absolution of the pope of the oth which against his will he had taken for the obseruing of the liberties exacted by force of him by the earls and barons of his realme namelie touching disforrestings to be made This yeare Robert Bruce contriuing waies how to make himselfe king of Scotland the nine twentith day of Ianuarie slue the lord Iohn Comin at Dunfrice whilest the kings iustices were sitting in iudgement within the castell there and vpon the day of the Annunciation of our ladie caused himselfe to be crowned king of Scotland at Scone where the countesse of Boughan that was secretlie departed from hir husband the earle of Boughan and had taken with hir all his great horsses was readie to set the crowne vpon R. Bruces head in absence of hir brother the earle of Fife to whom being in England soiourning at his manor of Whitwike in Leicestershire that office of right apperteined This countesse being afterwards taken the same yeare by the Englishmen where other would haue had hir put to death line 10 the king would not grant thervnto but commanded that she should be put in a cage made of wood which was set vpon the walles of the castell of Berwike that all such as passed by might behold hir too slender a punishment for so great an offense But the king counted it no honour to be seuere against that sex whom nature tendereth though malefactors and therfore was content with a mild correction tending rather to some shame than smart to recompense hir offense line 20 whereby she procured against hir selfe no lesse reproch than she susteined agréeable to the old saieng Saepe suum proprium fecit puer ipse flagellum There were present at his coronation foure bishops fiue earles and a great multitude of people of the land Immediatlie vpon the newes brought to the king of Bruces coronation he sent foorth a power of men vnder the conduct of the earle of Penbroke and of the lord Henrie Percie the lord Robert Clifford and others to resist the attempts of the Scots now readie to worke some mischéefe through line 30 the incouragement of the new king Edward prince of Wales was made knight this yeare at London upon Witsundaie a great number of other yoong bachelers with him 297 as Abington writeth the which were sent streightwaies with the said prince towards Scotland to ioine with the earle of Penbroke to resist the attempts of the new king Robert le Bruce and his complices King Edward himselfe followed The generall assemblie of the armie was appointed at Carleill fiftéene daies after the Natiuitie line 40 of saint Iohn Baptist from thence to march foorth vnder the guiding of the prince into Scotland In the meane time Robert le Bruce went abroad in the countries of Scotland receiued the homages of manie Scotishmen and got togither an
His head was sent vnto London and there set vpon the bridge or rather vpon some turret of the tower So hard a matter it is for traitors to escape the hands of the executioner vnder whose hatchet they submit their heads to be hewen from their shoulders euen then when they haue conceiued their traitorous attempts in hart for God who hath placed princes in thrones of roialtie to this end hath vouchsafed them a superlatiue degrée of dignitie that they might be obeied neither will his iustice permit impunitie to the disloiall enterprises and complots of malefactors common peace-disturbers hautie-harted Nemrods ambitious Hamans or anie lewd malcontent for Acer Dei est oculus ad omnia videndum Eius poenas non effugit mortalis Viuere volens ergo ne faciat morte digna ¶ But there be that write otherwise as it may well be thus that this earle of Carleill perceiuing the miserie of his countrie without consent of the king of England made peace with the king of Scots vnder this forme as by Richard Southwell we find recorded First the earle promised faithfullie for him and his heires that they should with all their force and means possible séeke to mainteine the said king of Scots his heires and successors in the peaceable possession of the kingdome of Scotland and that to their powers they shuld fight against all those that would not agrée vnto that couenant as against them that should séeme to be enimies vnto the common-wealth of both the realmes of England and Scotland The king of Scots promised faithfullie for his part to defend the said earle his heires and adherents in the said couenant or paction and not onelie to keepe peace with England but also to build a monasterie within Scotland assigning reuenues thereto to the value of fiue hundred marks to celebrate diuine seruice and to pray continuallie for the soules of them that were dead by occasion of the passed warres betwixt England and Scotland and further that he should giue to the king of England within ten yeares fortie thousand pounds of siluer and that the king of England should haue the king of Scots eldest sonne to marrie him vnto some ladie of his bloud as he should thinke expedient To the performance of all which couenants well and truelie to be obserued Thomas Randulfe earle of Murrey sware on the behalfe of the king of Scots and the earle of Carleill sware for himselfe and héerewith certeine writings indented were drawne and ingrossed to the which interchangeablie they set their hands and seales After that the earle of Carleill was returned home he called to Carleill all the cheefe persons of the countrie as well spirituall as temporall and there rather through feare than otherwise constreined them to receiue an oth that they should aid assist him to their powers to see all the couenants abouesaid performed and kept After that these things were knowne to the king and the realme although some of the communaltie liked well inough of the matter bicause they hoped thereby to remaine in peace especiallie those of the north parts the king yet and his councell not without cause were sore offended for that he whom the king had so latelie aduanced should confederate himselfe with the Scots line 10 to the preiudice of the king and his crowne concluding any couenants of peace without his consent wherevpon reputing him for a ranke traitor the king sent vnto the lord Antonie Lucie to apprehend the said earle by some meanes if he might and for his paines he should not faile to be well rewarded The lord Lucie watching his time when the earles men were gone some whither abroad and but few left about him the morrow after the feast of saint Matthew the apostle he entred the castell of Carleill line 20 as it were to talke with the earle of some businesse as his manner was at other times to doo He had with him sir Hugh Lowther sir Richard Denton and sir Hugh Moricebie knights and foure esquiers beside other priuilie armed so that leauing some at euerie gate and doore as he entred he came into the hall and there finding the earle inditing letters arrested him Herewith when certeine of the earles seruants made a noise and cried Treason treason the porter of the inner gate would haue shut it vpon line 30 them that were thus entred but sir Richard Denton slue that porter with his owne hands and there was not one more slaine by them in the apprehension of the earle for all other his seruants yéelded themselues and the house vnto the said lord Lucie without more resistance Howbeit one of his seruants that saw these dooings got awaie and with all spéed ran to the péele of Heâ—head and shewed to the earles brother Michaell Herkeley what was chanced to the earle wherevpon line 40 the said Michaell foorthwith fled into Scotland and with him sir William Blunt knight a Scotishman and diuerse other that were of the earles priuie councell The lord Lucie streightwaies sent a messenger to the king vnto Yorke aduertising him how he had taken the earle and therefore required to vnderstand further of the kings pleasure The king foorthwith sent the lord Geffrey Scroobe iustice with a number of armed men vnto Carleill the which came thither on saint Chaddes daie and the morrow after being line 50 the third of March he sat in iudgement vpon the said earle in the castell of Carleill and there as out of the kings mouth he pronounced sentence against him in this wise first that he should be disgraded of his earledome by the taking awaie from him the sword which the king had gird him with and likewise of his knighthood by cutting off his spurs from his heeles and that after this he should be drawen from the castell through the citie vnto the place of execution where felons were accustomed to suffer and there line 60 to be hanged afterwards headed and then his head to be sent vnto London there to be set aloft vpon one of the turrets of the tower and his quarters to be diuided one to be set vp at Carleill an other at Newcastell vpon Tine the third at Bristow the fourth at Douer When he had heard this iudgement he said You haue diuided my bodie at your pleasure and I commit my soule vnto God and being according to the iudgement drawen to the place where he suffered he neuer shranke at the matter but boldlie behaued himselfe declaring at the verie houre of his death that his intention in concluding the agréement with the Scots was good and procéeding not of any euill meaning but tending onelie to the wealth and quietnes of the realme Neither could such friers as were permitted to come to him before his arreignement to heare his confession get any thing more of him but that his meaning was good and that which he had concluded with the king of Scots was not doone vpon any euill purpose
this rule he was to be punished as a traitor 7 Item it was asked whether the king when soeuer it pleased him might not dissolue the parlement and command the lords and commons to depart from thence line 30 or not Wherevnto it was answered that he might 8 Item it was inquired that for somuch as it was in the king to remooue such iustices and officers as offend and to punish them for their offenses whether the lords commons might without the kings will impeach the same officers and iustices vpon their offenses in parlement or not To line 40 this answer was made that they might not and he that attempted contrarie was to suffer as a traitor 9 Item it was inquired how he is to be punished that mooued in the parlement that the statute wherin Edward the sonne of king Edward great grandfather to the king that now is was indicted in parlement might be sent for by inspection of line 50 which statute the said new statute or ordinance and commission were conceiued and deuised in the parlement To which question with one accord as in all the residue they answered that as well he that so summoned as the other which by force of the same motion brought the said statute into the parlement house be as publike offendors and traitors to be line 60 punished 10 Item it was inquired of them whether the iudgement giuen in the parlement against Michaell de la Poole earle of Suffolke were erronious and reuocable or not To which question likewise with one assent they said that if the same iudgement were now to be giuen the iustices and sergeant aforesaid would not giue the same bicause it seemed to them that the said iudgement is reuocable and erronious in euerie part In witnesse of the premisses the iustices sergeant aforesaid to these presents haue set their seals these being witnesses Alexander archbishop of Yorke Robert archbishop of Dubline Iohn bishop of Durham Thomas bishop of Chester Iohn bishop of Bangor Robert duke of Ireland Michaell erle of Suffolke Iohn Ripon clearke and Iohn Blake Now beside these iustices and sergeant there were called at that present vnto Notingham all other iustices of the realme and the shiriffes Also diuerse of the citie of London which the king knew would incline to his will the rather for that some of them hauing aforetime confessed treason against the king by them imagined and obteining pardon for the same were readie at his commandement to recompense such fauour in the accomplishment of whatsoeuer they knew might stand with his pleasure Herevpon they being impanelled to inquire of certeine treasons that were supposed to be committed by the lords which in the last parlement had so caused things to passe contrarie to the kings pleasure indicted the same lords of manie crimes informed against them ¶ The Londoners indeed were euill reported of in those daies by some writers for their vnstablenesse one while holding on the kings part and with such as were chéefe in counsell about him and an other while on the lords side that were of a contrarie faction according as the streame of their affections draue them and as they were carried awaie perforce by the floud of their variable willes whereby they were diuided into differing passions as they were assaulted by sundrie and vncerteine desires which is the nature of the people as the poet noteth saieng Scinditur incertum studia in contraria vulgus But now as concerning the cause whie the shiriffes were called hither it was chéeflie to vnderstand what power of men they might assure the king of to serue him against the lords and barons whome he tooke to be his enimies and further that where he meant to call a parlement verie shortlie they should so vse the matter that no knight might be chosen but such as the king and his councell should name But answer was made herevnto by the shiriffes that the lords were so highlie beloued of the commons that it laie not in their powers to assemble any great forces against the lords and as for choosing the knights of the shires they said that the commons would vndoubtedlie vse their ancient liberties and priuileges in choosing such as they thought meetest But yet after that the indictments were found according to the desire of the king and his councellors and that those which had béene called about this matter were licenced to depart home the king and the duke of Ireland sent messengers into euerie part of the realme to reteine men of warre to assist them in the quarell against the lords if néed were Manie made answer that sith they knew the lords to be faithfull and loiall to the king euen from the bottome of their hearts and were readie to studie to deuise and to doo all things that might tend to his honor and wealth of the realme they might not by anie meanes beare armour against them But a great number of other that tooke it that they were reteined for a good and necessarie purpose promised to be readie whensoeuer it should please the king to send for them The lords being in this meane while aduertised of these dooings were striken with great heauinesse for that not knowing themselues as they tooke it giltie of anie offense the king should thus seeke their destruction Herewith the duke of Glocester meaning to mitigate the kings displeasure receiued a solemne oth before the bishop of London and diuerse other lords protesting by the same oth that he neuer imagined nor went about any thing to the kings hinderance but to his power had alwaies doone what he might to aduance the kings honor prosperous state and good liking except onelie that he had giuen no good countenance to the duke of Ireland whom the king so much loued And suerlie for that the said duke had dishonored his kinswoman and the kings line 10 also he was firmelie determined to reuenge that iniurie vpon him and herewith he besought the bishop of London to declare what his words were vnto the king The bishop comming to the king made report of the duke of Glocesters protestation confirmed with his oth in such wise as the king began somewhat to be persuaded that it was true But when the earle of Suffolke perceiued that fearing least the reconciliation of the king and the duke his vncle should turne line 20 to his undooing he began to speake against the duke till the bishop bad him hold his peace and told him that it nothing became him to speake at all And when the earle asked why so Bicause said the bishop thou wast in the last parlement condemned for an euill person and one not worthie to liue but onelie it pleaseth the king to shew thée fauour The king offended with the bishops presumptuous words commâ—nded him to depart get him home to his church who foorthwith departed and declared to the duke of line 30 Glocester what he had heard and séene Herevpon the
calling such images as the people had in most veneration as that at Walsingham and the rood of the north doore at Paules in London rotten stocks and worme eaten blocks through which the vnskilfull people being mocked and deceiued were compelled most manifestlie to commit idolatrie The bishops saith Thomas Walsingham hearing beholding and knowing these things with much more to line 60 be true did little or nothing to redresse the same saue onlie the bishop of Norwich who stirred coles swearing and staring that if anie of that sect presumed to preach anie peruerse doctrine within his diocesse he would cause them either to hop headlesse or to frie a fagot for it he was therefore not a little praised and extolled by the moonks and other religious men as should appeare for that his zeale In Nouember the duke of Lancaster came foorth of Gascoigne into England after he had remained first in Spaine and after in Gascoigne thrée yeares togither Of his successe in Spaine is spoken before likewise of the agréement betwixt the king of Castâ—le the said duke which was not in all points confirmed till a little before his returne now into England About the same time the king had called a councell of his nobilitie at Reading to the which the duke of Lancaster made the more hast to come bicause he knew that the king would shew no good countenance to some of the noblemen and therefore he doubted least malicious offenses might arise betwixt them which to appease he meant the best he could and his trauell came to good effect for he did so much that as well the king as the lords departed from the councell as freends the lords taking their leaues of him in louing maner and he courteouslie bidding them farewell and so each of them resorted vnto their homes well pleased for that present ¶ The king held his Christmasse this yéere at Woodstoke and the duke of Lancaster laie at his castell of Hertford At the same time the lord Iohn de Hastings earle of Penbroke as he was practising to learne to iust year 1390 through mishap was striken about the priuie parts by a knight called sir Iohn S. Iohn that ran against him so as his inner parts being perished death presentlie followed The losse of this earle was greatlie bemoned by men of all degrees for he was liberall gentle humble and courteous to each one aboue all the other yoong lords in the land of his time Of this earles ancestors this is reported for a thing strange and maruelous that from the daies of Aimer de Ualence earle of Penbroke that was one amongst other that sat in iudgement of Thomas earle of Lancaster there was not anie earle of Penbroke succéeding the same Aimer de Ualence vnto the daies of this yoong earle by misfortune thus slaine that euer saw his father nor yet anie of their fathers might reioise in the sight of anie of their sonnes being still called hence before the time came for them so to doo ¶ Now héere bicause this Iohn Hastings being the last of that surname and armes of the whole blood which of that line inioied anie title of honor I thinke it not vnfit for this place since other occasion will not be giuen therefore to talke of the Hastings somwhat higher than this man though not from the shell to perpetuate the memorie of them the which I haue now doone least otherwise by ingrate obliuion it might neuer hereafter come to light In which I will not begin from the first honourable Hastings whose bloud by manie descents continued is thought by most ancient monuments which I haue séene and read to haue béene a baron before the conquest in this land and to haue borne the same cote in the field which this now slaine earle of Penbroke did whereof hereafter in my descriptions and lines of the earles of Penbroke I will make more ample discourse in a new booke if God giue good successe therein onelie at this time making some small repetition from that Henrie Hastings from whome the Hastings in respect of the mariage of Alda daughter to Dauie earle of Huntington brother to William king of Scots did descend who amongst others in the reigne of Edward the first made title to the kingdome of Scotland The originall of which name in this treatise I will neither flatteringlie defend nor obstinatlie reiect to haue growne from Hastings the Dane who in the reigne of Alured long before the conquest about the yeare of our redemption 890 came with Rollo into England and for a certeine space infesâ—ed this nation departing aside to France And now to the purpose Henrie lord Hastings who bare for his armes gold a manche gules married Alda or Ada the fourth daughter of Dauid earle of Huntington she being one of the heires to Iohn Scot earle of Chester of Huntington which died without issue son of the said Dauid and brother to the said Ada. To this Henrie and Ada did Henrie the third king of England in the two twentith of his reigne in place of the portion of hir brothers lands which should haue descended to hir as parcell of the earledome of Chester for that the king would not haue the said earledome diuided amongst distaues giue in exchange certeine lands mentioned in this déed following The grant of Henrie the third to Henrie Hastings and Ada his wife for the exchange of lands for hir part of the line 10 earledome OMnibus ad quos c salutem Sciatis quòd concessimus pro nobis haeredibus nostris Henrico de Hastings Adae vxorieius pro rationabili parte sua qùae praedictam Adam contingent de haereditate Iohannis quondam comitis Cestriae fratris ipsius Adae in Cestershire facieÌ„do eis rationabile excambium ad valentiam praedictae partis ipsam line 20 Adam contingentis de praedicto com Cestershire Et ad maiorem securitatem coÌ„cessimus eidem Henrico Adae manerium nostrum de Bremesgraue cum pertinentibus in comitatu Wigorniae manerium nostrum de Bolisoure cum castris pertinentibus in com Derby manerium nostrum de Mountesfeld cum Soka cuÌ„ pertinentibus in comitatu Notingham manerium de Worsfeld cum pertinentibus in com Salop. manerium line 30 de Stratton cum pertinentibus in eodem com manerium de Wiggutton cum pertinent in com Stafford maneriuÌ„ de Woluerhamton cuÌ„pert in eodeÌ„ com in tenentiam Tenendum eisdem Henrico Adae haeredibus ipsius Adae quo vsque praedicta pars ipsam Adam contingens de praedicta haereditate extenta fuerit rationabile excambium in praedictis terris vel alias eis assignauerimus In cuius c. Teste rege apud Ditton 11. Innij anno line 40 regni nostri 22. The which manours the said Henrie and Ada did hold during the life of the said Ada in peaceable and quiet possession After hir death the said Henrie goeth into
brought before king Henrie as prisoners ¶ Thus did almightie God grant vnto the king a notable victorie without bloodshed for he lost not a man as for his aduersaries there died in the field not past three score persons This séemeth also to agrée with that which Wil. Malmesburie writeth for he saith that king Henrie with small adoo brought into his hands duke Robert who with a great troope of men came against him then lodging néere the said castell of Tenerchbray The earle of Mortaigne was also taken but the erle of Shrewsburie escaped by flight notwithstanding he was apprehended as he went about to practise some priuie conspiracie against the king ¶ This battell was fought as the same Wil. Malme affirmeth vpon a saturdaie being the daie of S. Michaell In gloria and as may be thought by the prouident iudgment of God to the end that Normandie should be subdued vnto England on that daie in the which 40. yeares passed king William the Conquerour first set foot on land at Hastings when he came out of Normandie to subdue England Neither dooth Simon Dunelmensis varie in any thing from Gemeticensis touching the conclusion of this businesse and the taking of duke Robert These wars being thus finished and the countrie set in quiet which through the méere folie of duke Robert was woonderfullie impouerished the king receiued the keies of all the townes and castels that belonged either to the duke or the earle of Mortaigne and furnished the same with garisons to be kept for his behoofe Hauing thus pacified the countrie of Normandie he came to Bec or Bechellouâ—n where archbishop Anselme then remained year 1107 whome by mediation of freends he receiued to fauour againe and sending him ouer into England immediatlie after followed himselfe Duke Robert being also spoiled of his dominions lands and liberties was shortlie committed to prison within the castell of Cardiff in Wales where he remained about the space of 26. yeares and then died He gouerned the duchie of Normandie 19. yeares he was a perfect and expert warrior comparable with the best capiteines that then liued had he béene somwhat more warie and circumspect in his affaires and therewithall constant in his opinion His woorthie acts valiantlie and fortunatlie atchiued against the infidels are notified to the world by manie and sundrie writers to his high commendation and long lasting praise It is said also that he was after his taking once set at libertie by king Henrie and bound to forsweare the realme of England and Normandie being appointed to auoid within the space of 40. daies and twelue houres But bicause he was perceiued to practise somewhat against the king he was eftsoones taken againe and hauing his eies put out committed to prison where finallie worne through age and gréefe of mind he ended his miserable life ¶ The forme of banishing men out of the realme was ordeined by Edward the Confessor and remained as a law in vse till these our daies for the benefit of them which fled to any church or other priuiledged place thereby to escape the punishment of death due for their offenses By a latter custome it was also deuised that they should beare a crosse in their hand as a signe that they were pardoned of life for the holie place sake where they sought for succour But duke Robert as it should appeere by that which others write found no such fauour saue onlie libertie to walke abroad in the kings forrests parks and chases néere the place where he was appointed to remaine so that vpon a daie as he was walking abroad he got a horsse and with all post hast rode his waiâ— in hope to haue escaped howbeit his kéepers being aduised thereof followed him with hue and crie and at length ouertooke him in a medow where he had laid his horsse vp to the bellie in a quauemire Then being brought backe his kéepers kept him in close prison aduertising the king of his demeanour wherevpon he commanded that the sight of his eies should be put out but so as the balles of them should remaine vnbroken for the auoiding of a noisome deformitie that otherwise would ensue if the glassie tunicles should take hurt In his returne out of the holie land he maried one Sibell the earle of Conuersans sister in Puglia hir father hight Roger or Geffrey as some bookes haue and was nephue to Robert Guyshard duke of Puglia and by hir had issue one sonne named William afterward earle of Flanders whereof God willing line 10 more shall be said hereafter Here must I leaue duke Robert and speake somwhat of Anselme the archbishop who shortlie after his returne into England receiued letters from pope Paschall wherein Anselme was authorised to dispose and order things as should séeme to him most expedient Now whereas the greater and better part of the English clergie consisted of préests sonnes he committed to his discretion the order to dispense line 20 with them namelie that such as were of commendable life and sufficient learning might be admitted to the ministerie as the necessitie of time and state of the church should require The pope also by the same letters gaue Anselme authoritie to absolue Richard the prior of Elie vpon his satisfaction pretermitted and to restore him to the gouernement of the priorie of Elie if the king thought it conuenient About the calends of August in this yeare 1107. the king held a councell of bishops year 1107 abbats and other line 30 lords of his realme in his pallace at London where in the absence of Anselme the matter touching the inuestitures of churches was argued vpon for the space of thrée daies togither and in the end bicause the pope had granted the homages of bishops and other prelats to the king which his predecessor Urban had forbidden togither with the inuestitures the king was contented to consent to the popes will in forbearing the same So that when Anselme was come the king in presence of him and a line 40 great multitude of his people granted and ordeined that from thenceforth no bishop nor abbat should be inuested within the realme of England by the hand either of the king or any laie man on the other side it was granted againe by Anselme that no person elected into the prelacie should be depriued of his consecration for dooing his homage to the king These things thus ordred the churches which through England had bin long vacant were prouided of gouernors which were placed without any inuestiture line 50 of staffe or ring About this time Anselme consecrated fiue bishops at Canturburie in one day archbishop William to the sée of Winchester Roger that was the kings chancellor to Salisburie William Warlewast to Excester Remaline the quéenes chancâ—llor to Hereford and one Urban to Glamorgan in Wales About this season a great part of Flanders being drowned by an exundation or breaking in of the sea
he line 10 was condemned in that debt forsomuch as he could not prooue the title of the gift On the morrow after the archbishop with his felow bishops being set in councell by commandement of the king the doores fast locked that they should not get out this was proponed against the archbishop that whereas he held certeine bishops sées as then vacant with abbeies and other reuenues of his souereigne lord the king in his hands and had made none account to him for the same of long line 20 time the king required now to be answered at his hands and that with all spéed for he would haue no delaie The summe amounted to thirtie thousand markes When the archbishop had heard the variable sentences of the bishops in this case he answered after this manner I would said he speake with two earles which are about the king and named them Who being called and the doores set open he said vnto them line 30 We haue not héere at this present to shew whereby the thing may be more manifest therefore we aske respit for answer till to morrow The councell therefore brake vp and the multitude of people which came with the archbishop thither being afraid of the kings displeasure fell from him Wherefore he caused his seruants to fetch a great number of poore and impotent people to his lodging saieng that by the seruice of such men of warre a more speedie victorie in short space might be gotten than by them which in time of temptation shamefullie drew backe Herevpon his line 40 house was filled full and the tables set with such as his seruants had brought in out of the lanes and streats abroad Upon the tuesdaie the bishops all amazed and full of care came vnto him and bicause of the displeasure which the king had conceiued against him counselled him to submit himselfe to the kings will or else in fine they told him plainelie that he would be iudged a periured person bicause he had sworne vnto the king as to his earthlie souereigne touching all line 50 temporall honor in life lim and member and namelie to obserue all his roiall lawes and customes which of late he had established Wherevnto he answered My brethren ye see how the world roreth against me and the enimie riseth vp but I more lament that the sonnes of my mother fight against me If I should hold my peace yet would the world come to declare how ye leaue me alone in the battell and haue iudged against me line 60 now these two daies past I being your father though neuer so much a sinner But I command you by vertue of your obedience and vpon perill of your order that you be not present in any place of iudgement where my person may fortune to be adiudged in testimonie whereof I appeale to our mother the church of Rome Furthermore if it chance that temporall men laie their hands vpon me I charge you likewise by vertue of your obedience that ye exercise the censures of the church in the behalfe of your father the archbishop as it becommeth you This one thing know ye well that the world roreth the flesh trembleth and is weake but I by Gods grace will not shrinke nor leaue the flocke committed vnto me After this he entred into the church and celebrated the masse of saint Stephan otherwise than he was accustomed to doo with his pall which being ended he put on his sacrificing vestures with a cope vpon them all and so went to the court Furthermore bicause he was afraid he receiued the sacrament secretlie with him and bearing the crosse in his right hand and the reine of his bridell in his left he came in that order to the court where he alighted and entred the place still bearing the crosse himselfe till he came to the kings chamber doore the other bishops following him with great feare and trembling Now being come thither the bishop of Hereford would gladlie haue taken the crosse and haue borne it before him but he would not suffer him saieng It is most reason that I should beare it my selfe vnder the defense whereof I may remaine in safetie and beholding this ensigne I néed not doubt vnder what prince I serue At length when the king had exhibited great complaints vnto them all generallie against him they cried that he was a traitor sith he had receiued so manie benefits at the kings hands and now refused to doo him all earthlie honor as he had sworne to doo To be short when the bishops came to sit vpon the matter in councell they appealed to the sée of Rome against the archbishop accusing him of periurie and in the word of truth bound themselues by promise to doo what they might to depose him if the king would pardon them of that iudgement which now hanged ouer the archbishops head Then comming to the archbishop they said Thou wast sometime our archbishop and we were bound to obeie thée but sith thou hast sworne fealtie to the king that is life member and earthlie honour to obserue his lawes and customes and now goest about to destroie the same we say that thou art guiltie of periurie and we will not from hencefoorth obey a periured archbishop Therefore we cite thée by appellation to appeare before the pope there to answer thine accusors Then they appointed him a day in which they ment to prosecute their appeale I heare you well said the archbishop The princes and péeres of the realme did also iudge him a periured person and a traitour Among whome manie then being present the earle of Leicester accompanied with Reignald earle of Cornewall came vnto him and said The king commanded thée to come and render an accompt of that which is obiected against thée or else heare thy iudgement Iudgement said the archbishop and therewith rising vp said Naie sonne earle first heare thou It is not vnknowne to thée how faithfull I haue béene to the king in consideration whereof he aduanced me to the archbishops see against my will as God can be my iudge for I knew mine owne infirmitie and I was contented to take it vpon me rather for his pleasure than for Gods cause and therfore dooth God both withdraw himselfe and the king from me In the time of mine election he made me frée and discharged me of all courtlie bondage Wherefore as touching those things from which I am frée and deliuered I am not bound to answer neither will I. So much as the soule is more worth than the bodie so much the more art thou bound to obeie God and me rather than any earthlie creature Neither will law nor reason permit that the sonnes should iudge or condemne the father and therefore I refuse to stand to the iudgement either of the king or of any other and appeale to the pope by whome vnder God I ought to be iudged referring all that I haue vnto Gods protection and his
court for the French king as one that had béene better instructed in the matter repented himselfe that he had iudged euill of his answers at the last meeting and herevpon receiued him againe into his fauour and rested not to trauell so much in his cause that at length another méeting was assigned at a certeine place neere the confines of Normandie whither king Henrie came and there found king Lewes the archbishop of Rouen and diuerse other bishops together with the foresaid archbishop who after they had reasoned of the matter throughlie as they saw cause king Henrie receiued the archbishop into his fauour againe and promised to redresse all that had béene doone amisse and pardon all those that had followed him out of the realme Wherevpon the king and the archbishop being reconciled the archbishop the same day came before the king and talked with him Now among other things he required of the K. that it might be lawfull for him without offending of his maiestie to punish according to the censures of the church the iniurie doone vnto him by the archbishop of Yorke and other bishops in the coronation of his sonne The king granted this and shewed himselfe so courteous at that time that as it is said he held his stirrâ—p whiles he mâ—unted on horssebacke ¶ Notwithstanding which obsequiousnes of the king it is to be presumed that all inward repâ—â—iâ—g 〈◊〉 not be so abolished as that no fragments remained but that the archbishop for his part for the maintenance of his great title the K. for the sâ—ppoâ—â—ation of his souereigntie when opportunitie sâ—rued â—ought to get aduantage one of another acqâ—it their harts with a new reuenge of an old grâ—dgâ— for Immortalâ— odium nunquâ—m sâ—nabile vulum But whereas twise within a few daies after the king and the said archbishop met at masse the king refused to kisse the pax with him This was marked as a signe of a fained reconciliation though in déed he afterwards interteined him verie courteouslie and at his departure ouer into England tooke leaue of him in fréendlie manner and directed letters vnder his seale to his sonne the new king in forme as followeth A letter of the king touching line 10 the pacification betweene him and Thomas Becket KNow ye that Thomas the archbishop of Canturburie hath made his peace with me at my will and pleasure and therefore I command you that both he and his may remaine line 20 in peace and that he and al those which for his cause departed out of the realme may haue all their goods restored and in such quiet estate be now possessed of them as at any time within three moneths before their departure from thence And further cause to come before vs of the best and most ancient knights of the honor of Saltwood that vpon their oths they may find what fee the archbishop ought to haue within that honor that which shall line 30 appeare to apperteine vnto him as in fee let him inioy the same And thus farewell The archbishop before he tooke his iournie into England went to visit the French king and to giue him thanks for his great paines and trauell susteined in his cause who aduised him in no wise as yet to commit himselfe to present danger amongst his new reconciled enimies but rather to staie till their malice were somewhat asswaged For he perceiued line 40 by king Henries words countenance such a deepe rooted displeasure in his hart that he agréed to receiue him into fauour rather by compulsion and against his will than otherwise But when the archbishop would needs depart go ouer into England the French K. suffered him so to doo dooing him all the honor he could at his leaue taking Then the archbishop departing out of France came into England and landed at Sandwich about the first of December in the seuenth yeare after his line 50 first departure out of the realme Shortlie after his arriuall Roger the archbishop of Yorke Gilbert bishop of London and Iocelin bishop of Salisburie with diuerse other came vnto him as to the popes legat and required that it might please him to restore them to the ministration of their offices againe whose request he granted but yet vpon condition that they should vndertake to stand to his iudgement and order in all things which by the counsell line 60 of the archbishop of Yorke they vtterlie refused ¶ Here authors agrée not as Polydor trulie saith for some write that archbishop Thomas immediatlie vpon his returne into England denounced the archbishop of Yorke with the bishops of Salisburie and London accurssed whereas before they were depriued of the vse and administration of the sacraments Soâ—e â—â—hers write that now at his comming ouer into England from his â—â—ile he depriued them onlie of the ministration of the sacraments togither with the bishops of Eâ—â—ester Chester Rochester S. Asaph Landaâ—â— which had â—â—â—sonallie béene present at the coronation of king Henrie the sonne to the derogation of the dignitie of their primat the archbishop of Canturburie as before you haue heard It shuld seeme yet by Gâ—r Doroâ—â—eâ— that the archbishop of Yorke and the bishop of Durham were suspended and the bishops of London Salisburie and diuerse other excommunicated But how soeuer he vsed them the archbishop of Yorke the two bishops London and Salisburie being offended with his dooings sailed ouer into Normandie and there complained to king Henrie of iniuries doone to them by archbishop Thomas gréeuouslie accusing him that he went about to take awaie their libertie of priesthood to destroie corrupt and finallie to abolish both the lawes of God and man togither with the ancient decrées and statutes of their elders in somuch that he tooke vpon him to exclude bishops at his pleasure from the companie of christian men and so being excluded to banish them for euer to derogat things meerelie preiudiciall to the kings roiall prerogatiue and finallie to take awaie from all men the equitie of lawes and ciuill orders The king giuing eare to their complaint was so displeased in his mind against archbishop Thomas that in open audience of his lords knights and gentlemen he said these or the like words In what miserable state am I that can not be in rest within mine owne realme by reason of one onelie préest Neither is there any of my folkes that will helpe to deliuer me out of such troubles There were some that stood about the king which gessed by these words that his mind was to signifie how he would haue some man to dispatch the archbishop out of the waie The kings displeasure against the archbishop was knowne well inough which caused men to haue him in no reuerence at all so that as it was said it chanced on a time that he came to Strowd in Kent where the inhabitants meaning to doo somewhat to his infamie being thus out of the kings
Roderike king of Ulnestre being sore offended raised a mightie line 30 host and comming into the field fought with the lord cheefe iustice and in the end receiued tooke the ouerthrow at his hands although the lord cheefe iustice at that encounter lost no small number of his men Amongst prisoners that were taken the bishop of Dun was one whom yet the lord cheefe iustice released and set at libertie in respect of a request and suit made to him by a cardinall the popes legat that was there in Ireland at that time line 40 This cardinals name was Uiuiano intituled the cardinall of S. Stephan in Mount Celio he was sent from the pope the yeare before and comming into England though without licence was pardoned vpon knowledging his fault for his entring without the kings leaue first obteined and so permitted to go into Scotland whither as also into other the northwest regions he was sent as legat authorised from the pope Now when he had ended his businesse in Scotland he passed ouer into Man and there held line 50 his Christmasse with Euthred king of Man and after the feast of the Epiphanie sailed from thence into Ireland and chanced the same time that the Englishmen inuaded that countrie to be in the citie of Dun where he was receiued of the king bishops of that land with great reuerence The inuasion then of the Englishmen being signified to them of the countrie aforehand they asked counsell of the legat what he thought best to be doone in that matter who streightwaies told them that line 60 they ought to fight in defense of their countrie and at their setting forward he gaue them his benediction in waie of their good speed But they comming as ye haue heard to encounter with the Englishmen were put to flight and beaten backe into the citie which was herewith also woone by the Englishmen so that the Romane legat was glad to get him into the church for his more safegard and like a wise fellow had prouided afore hand for such haps if they chanced hauing there with him the king of Englands letters directed to the capteins in Ireland in the legats fauour so that by the assistance and authoritie of the same he went to Dublin and there in the name of the pope and the king of England held a councell But when he began to practise after the manner of legats in those daies somewhat largelie for his owne aduantage in the churches of that simple rude countrie the English capteins commanded him either to depart or else to go foorth to the wars with them whervpon he returned into Scotland hauing his bags well stuffed with Irish gold for the which it seemed he greatlie thirsted ¶ Where we haue to note the drift of the pope and all popelings to be far otherwise than they pretend For who vnlesse he will be wilfullie ignorant knoweth not that he and his neuer attempt any thing but the same beareth the hew and colour of holinesse and honestie Hereto tend the sendings out of his legats and cardinals to make pacifications to redresse disorders to appease tumults I wot not what infinit enormities for he must haue his ore in euerie mans bote his spoone in euerie mans dish and his fingers in euerie mans pursse but the end and scope of all his dooings consisteth in this namelie to set himselfe aboue all souereigntie to purchase and assure to himselfe an absolute and supereminent iurisdiction to rob christian kingdomes to impouerish churches chapels and religious places Our chronicles are full of these his pranks and here we haue one practised by a lim of his who as you sée verie impudentlie and licentiouslie preied vpon the church-goods and conuerted the same to his owne profit and commoditie which he had if not trembled yet blushed to doo considering that the goods of the church are the treasurie of Christ or at leastwise ought to be and that none ought to alienate or change the propertie of such goods as the canon law hath prouided Besides the wretch ought to haue remembred that which euen the verie pagans did not forget namelie Haud vllas portabis opes Acherontis ad vndâ—s Nudus ad infernas stulte vehere rates But now to the dooings of Iohn de Curcie and of those Englishmen that were with him who did not onelie defend such places as they had woone out of the Irishmens hands against those kings and their powers but also inlarged dailie more and more their frontiers and wan the towne of Armach wherein is the metropolitane see of all that land with the whole prouince thereto belonging About the same time came ambassadours vnto king Henrie from Alfonse king of Castile and Garsias king of Nauarre to aduertise him that in a controuersie risen betwiâ—t the said two kings touching the possession of certeine grounds néere vnto the confines of their realms they had chosen him for iudge by compromise promising vpon their oths to stand vnto abide his order and decrée therein Therfore they required him to end the matter by his authoritie sith they had wholie put it to his iudgement Furthermore either king had sent a most able and valiant knight furnished with horsse and armour readie in their princes cause to fight the combat if king Henrie should happilie commit the triall of their quarrell vnto the iudgement of battell King Henrie gladlie accepted their request so that thervpon calling his councellors togither he consulted with them of the thing and hearing euerie mans opinion at length he gaue iudgement so with the one that the other was contented to be agreeable therevnto Within a while after Philip earle of Flanders came ouer into England to doo his deuotions at the toome of Thomas archbishop of Canturburie of whome the most part of men then had conceiued an opinion of such holinesse that they reputed him for a saint The king met him there and verie fréendlie enterteined him and bicause he was appointed shortlie after to go ouer into the holie land to war against Gods enimies the king gaue him fiue hundred marks in reward and licenced William Mandeuile earle of Essex to go in that iourneie with other lords knights and men of warre of sundrie nations that were of his dominions The king then returning vnto London tooke order for the establishing of things touching the suertie of the realme and his owne estate And first he appointed the custodie of such castels as were of most importance by their situation vnto the keeping of certeine worthie capteins To sir William de Stuteuille line 10 he assigned the custodie of Rockesburgh castell to sir Roger de Stuteuille the castell of Edenburgh to sir William Neuille the castell of Norham to sir Geffrie Neuille the castell of Berwike and to the archbishop of Yorke he deliuered the castell of Scarborough and sir Roger Coniers he made capteine of the tower of Durham which he
demanded also to haue the castell of Lincolne deliuered into his hands which Gerard refused to deliuer and perceiuing that the chancellor would practise to haue it by force he fled vnto earle Iohn requiring him of competent aid and succour The chancellor on the other part perceiuing what hatred diuerse of the Nobles bare him thought good to prouide for his owne suertie the best that he could and therefore sent for a power of men from beyond the sea but bicause he thought it too long to staie till they arriued he came to Lincolne with such power as he could make and besieged the castell Erle Iohn the kings brother aduertised hereof raised such numbers of men as he might make of his freends seruants and tenants and with small a doo wan the castels of Notingham and Tickhill within two daies space This doone he sent to the lord chancellour commanding him either to breake vp his siege or else to prepare for battell The chancellour considering with himselfe that there was small trust to be put in diuerse of those lords that were with him bearing good will to earle Iohn and but hollow harts towards him raised his siege and departed with dishonour Not long after one of his hornes was broken off by the death of pope Clement whereby his power legantine ceased wherewith being somewhat abashed he came to a communication with earle Iohn and vpon certeine conditions made peace with him Shortlie after the souldiers which he had sent for arriued in England and then he began to go from the agréement made with earle Iohn affirming that he would either driue the same earle out of England or else should earle Iohn doo the like to him for it was not of sufficient largenesse to hold them both Howbeit shortlie after a peace was eftsoones concluded betwixt them with condition that if it chanced king Richard to depart this life before his returne into England not leauing any issue of his bodie begotten that then the chancellour renouncing the ordinance made by king Richard who had instituted his nephue Arthur duke of Britaine to be his heire and successour should consent to admit earle Iohn for king of England contrarie to the said ordinance But in the meane time it was agréed that earle Iohn should deliuer vp the castels of Notingham and Tickhill Notingham to the hands of William Marshall and Tickhill to the hands of William Wendenall they to kéepe the fame vnto the vse and behoofe of king Richard that vpon his returne he might doâ— with them as should please him prouided that if it so chanced that he should die before he â—oâ—ld returne from his voiage or that the chancellour went from the agréement now taken then immediatlie should the foresaâ—d castels of Notingham and line 10 Tickhill be restored vnto earle Iohn Moreouer â—he other castels of such honours as were assigned to each Iohn by the king his brother were committed vnto the custodie of certeine persons of great trust and loialtie as the castell of Wallingford to the archbishop of Rouen the castell of Bristow to the bishop of Lincâ—lne the castell of the Peake to the bishop of Couentrie the castell of Bolesofres vnto Richard de Peake or if he refused then should the bishop of Couentrie haue it in keeping line 20 the castell of Eie was committed to Walter Fitz Robert the castell of Herford to Roger Bigot and to Richard Reuell the castell of Excester and Launston These persons to whom these castels were thus committed to be kept receiued also an oth that they should faithfullie kéepe them to the kings behoofe and if he chanced to die before he should returne then the same should be deliuered vnto earle Iohns hands Also there were three castels that perteined to the crowne deliuered likewise in trust as line 30 the castell of Windsor vnto the earle of Arundell the castell of Winchester vnto Gilbert de Lacie and the castell of Northampton vnto Simon de Pateshull It was also agréed that bishops abbats earles and barons valuasors and freeholders should not be disseized of their lands goods or cattels otherwise than by order of the iustices or officers of the king so that they should be iudged in the kings courts according to the lawfull customes and ordinances of the line 40 realme and likewise that earle Iohn should cause the same orders to be obserued through all his lands Prouided that if any man attempted to doo otherwise vpon support or maintenance of earle Iohn he should stand to be reformed by the archbishop of Rouen if he chanced then to be in England and by the kings iustices and by those that had sworne to obserue this peace and also earle Iohn himselfe at their request should see such reformation to be had Moreouer it was agréed that all those castels that line 50 had bin built or begun to be builded since the kings passage ouer towards his iournie should be razed and no new made or fortified till his returne except in manours perteining to the kings demaine if need required or by his speciall commandement either by letters or sufficient messengerrs That the shiriffewike of Lincolne which the lord chancellour had assigned vnto William de Stuteuille should be restored to Gerard de Camuille who had a daie appointed him to appéere in the kings court to heare line 60 what might be laid against him and if such matter could be prooued for the which he ought to loose the said shiriffewike and the castell of Lincolne then he should depart from them by the iudgement of the court or else not Neither should earle Iohn mainteine him against the iudgement of that court nor should receiue any outlawes or such as were notoriouslie knowen for enimies to the king and so named nor should suffer them to be receiued within the precinct of his liberties To hold mainteine and obserue this peace the said earle and chancellour sware in the hand of the archbishop of Rouen with seuen barons on either part On the part of earle Iohn these were the 〈…〉 Notingham and Tickhill be restored vnto earle Iohn notwithstanding what soeuer the king should command touching the same Thus was the peace concluded eftsoones betwixt earle Iohn and the chancellour In this meane while Geâ—â—rey the elect archbishop of Yorke after long suit and manie delaies contriued speciallie by the chancellour obteined his pall being consecrated by the archbishop of Towrs by vertue of his buls obteined from pope Celestine The chancellour aduertised herof and vnderstanding that he meant to come shortlie into England to be installed was in a great chafe bicause that during the time of the vacation he had vsed the reuenues of that see at his pleasure and therefore now to forgo them he was nothing contented Herevpon he wrote his letters vnto Matthew de Clere shiriffe of Kent in this forme The lord chancellours letters to the shiriffe of Kent PRaecipimus tibi quòd si Ebâ—racen electus
letters from the bishops vnto the apostolike see to be absolued c. Herevpon also the bishop of Elie himselfe wrote vnto the bishop of Lincolne and other touching this matter but the bishops did neither any thing in accomplishment of the effect of the popes letters nor at his owne supplication And therefore perceiuing small helpe to come that waie he sought to obteine the fauour and fréendship of earle Iohn and of his mother quéene Elianor In the meane time the lords barons and prelates of the realme after they had depriued him of all authoritie and banished him out of the land ordeined the archbishop of Rouen in fauour of the kings commission to haue the chéefe rule and administration of things touching all the affaires of the common-wealth but yet so as earle Iohn had the dooings in manie points so that he might séeme in manner an associat with him wherof sprang much inconuenience For this Iohn being a man as he is noted by some writers of an ambitious nature was suspected to aspire vnto the kingdome in somuch that he had ioined with the French king after the same king was returned foorth of the holie land against his brother king Richard if his mother quéene Elianor had not persuaded him to the contrarie Whilest these things were a dooing on the twelfth daie of Iulie the citie of Acres was surrendred into the christian mens hands for the Soldan Saladine being approched néere to the siege of the christians with a puissant armie in hope to haue raised their siege when he perceiued it laie not in his power to worke any feat to the succour of his people within the citie and that they were so constreined that they must néeds yéeld he holpe to make their composition and promised to performe certeine couenants on their behalfe Herevpon the Saracens within Acres couenanted not onelie to deliuer the citie vnto the christians with fiue hundred prisoners of christians which they had within the same but also to procure that the holie crosse should be to them deliuered with a thousand other christian prisoners such as the christian princes should appoint out of those numbers which Saladine had in his custodie and further to giue them two hundred thousand Besans And till these couenants were performed it was agréed that the Saracens which were at that present left within the citie should remaine as pledges vnder condition that if the same couenants were not performed within fortie daies then should they stand at the mercie of the christian princes as touching life and lim These things thus concluded and the citie yéelded vp into the christian mens hands the French king vpon enuie and malice conceiued against king Richard although he pretended sicknesse for excuse departed homewards setting from Acres the last day of Iulie Now then after the departure of king Philip when the day approched in the which the Saracens should performe the couenants or else stand to the iudgement of life and death at the pleasure of the christian princes it was perceiued that the couenants would not be fullfilled according to the agréement For Saladine as it well appeared ment not to performe that which for the safegard of his men he line 10 had vndertaken and did but dallie with the christians to prolong the time wherevpon sentence was giuen foorth that for default in such behalfe the Saracens remaining as pledges should loose their heads Saladine hauing knowledge thereof sent word to king Richard and to the whole christian armie that if his people that were in the christian mens hands lost their heads he would not faile but cause the heads of all those christians which he had in captiuitie line 20 to be cut off also Notwithstanding which answer on the fourteenth day of August king Richard issued foorth of the citie passing the vttermost ditches and incamped himselfe neere the armie of Saladine who the same daie sent rich presents vnto king Richard requiring of him a longer day for performance of the couenants but that would not be granted Wherefore vpon the said deniall Saladine caused all those christian prisoners which he had in his hands to be beheaded on the eightéenth day of August line 30 on which day king Richard aduanced foorth towards the lodgings of the Saracens and skirmished with them verie hotlie so that manie were wounded and slaine on both parts and amongst other one of king Richards companions at all exercises named Peter Mignot lost his life there Furthermore although king Richard knew that Saladine had put the christian prisoners to death in such wise as you haue heard yet would not he preuent his terme appointed for the execution of the Saraceâ—s that were line 40 in his custodie but abiding vnto the twentith day of August he then caused those Saracens which fell to his lot at the time of the surrender of Acres being in number about 2600. to be brought foorth of the citie and néere to the walles in the sight of Saladine and all his host they had their heads chopped off The duke of Burgoigne caused execution to be doone within the citie vpon those which fell to the French kings share the number of the which rose to two line 50 thousand and foure hundred or thereabouts for the whole number was reckoned to be about fiue thousand that thus lost their liues through the inconstancie of their prince yet diuerse of the principall had their liues saued The Saracens themselues also spake much euill of Saladine for this matter bicause that refusing to performe the articles of couenants he had occasioned the enimie to slea those that had so valiantlie serued in defense of the citie to the vttermost ieopardie of their liues And herâ—e is verified line 60 that knowne verse Quicquid delirant reges plectuâ—tur Achiuâ— But now to leaue forren matters and to returne home into England we find that on the second of December the monks of Canturburie chose to their archbishop Reignold bishop of Bath who within fifteene daies after his election departed this life and lieth buried at Bath Also this yeare or as Ger. Dor. saith in the yeare following the bishop of Durham sought meanes to withdraw his subiection from the archbishop of Yorke for which attempt the archbishop of Yorke vpon trust of the popes grant did not excommunicate the said bishop notwithstanding that he appealed to the popes consistorie three seuerall times putting his owne matter and his churches to be examined and tried by the pope wherevpon he obeied not the excommunication and signifieng the cause vnto Rome obteined such fauour that the pope and his cardinals reuersed the sentence and iudged the excommunication to be of none effect And further they decreed that if the archbishop of Yorke had broken the altars and chalices as information was giuen in which the bishop of Durham had celebrated after his appeale made to the court of Rome that then should the said bishop of Durham
to the like sight againe And now the same daie and selfe houre that the king arriued at Sandwich being the second houre of that daie whilest the sunne shone verie bright and cleare there appeared a most brightsome and vnaccustomed clearnesse not farre distant from the sunne as it were to the length and breadth of a mans personage hauing a red shining brightnesse line 30 withall like to the rainbow which strange sight when manie beheld there were that prognosticated the king alreadie to be arriued In this meane while the bishop of Durham with a great armie besieged the castell of Tickhill and earle Dauid brother to the king of Scots with Ranulfe earle of Chester and earle Ferrers besieged the castell of Notingham whilest at the same present the archbishop of Canturburie with a great power besieged Marleburgh castell the which within a few line 40 daies was rendred into his hands the liues and lims of them within saued Also the castell of Lancaster was deliuered to him the which the same archbishops brother had in kéeping vnder earle Iohn and likewise the abbeie of S. Michaels mount in Cornwall the which abbeie Henrie de la Pomerey chasing out the moonks had fortified against the king and hearing newes of the kings returne home died as it was thought for méere gréefe and feare These three places were surrendered to the archbishop before the line 50 kings returne but Tickhill Notingham held out King Richard being returned into England and vnderstanding both how the French king made warre against him in Normandie and that the state of England was not a little disquieted by the practise of his brother earle Iohn and his complices speciallie by reason that diuerse castels were defended by such as he had placed in them he thought good with all speed to cut off such occasions as might bréed a further mischéefe Wherevpon he first went to Notingham line 60 and within thrée daies after his comming thither which was on the daie of the Annunciation of our ladie he constreined them that kept the castell there in his brothers name to yeeld themselues simplie vnto his mercie after they had abidden diuerse assaults by the which euen the first daie the vtter gates were burnt and certeine defenses destroied which they had made before the same The cheefe of them that were within this castell to defend it were these William de Uendeuall conestable there Roger de Mountbegun Rafe Murdac Philip de Worceter and Ranulfe de Worceter brethren The morow after the surrender was made the king went to Clipstone and rode into the forrest of Shirewood where he had neuer béene before the view whereof pleased him greatlie The castell of Tickhill was likewise at the same time yéelded vnto the bishop of Durham who receiued it to the kings vse and them that kept it as prisoners without anie composition but standing simplie to the K. mercie For although those that had these castels in keeping were sufficientlie prouided of all necessarie things for defense yet the sudden comming of the king whom they thought verelie would neuer haue returned put them in such feare that they wist not what to make of the matter and so as men amazed they yéelded without anie further exception The bishop of Durham bringing those prisoners with him which had yéelded vp this castell of Tickhill came to the king the 27 daie of March the verie daie before that Notingham castell was giuen ouer Moreouer this is to be remembred that during the siege of Notingham contention arose betwixt the two archbishops of Canturburie and Yorke about the carriage of their crosses For Hubert archshop of Canturburie comming thither had his crosse borne before him the archbishop of Yorke hauing no crosse there at all was verie sore offended that anie other should go with crosse borne before him in his diocesse and therfore complained hereof to the king But the archbishop of Canturburie mainteined that he had not doone anie thing but that which was lawfull for him to doo and therevpon made his appeale to Rome that the pope might haue the hearing and iudging of that controuersie betwixt them In the meane time after the king had got the castels of Notingham and Tickhill into his hands as ye haue heard he called a parlement at Notingham where the quéene mother sat on the right hand of him and the archbishops of Canturburie Yorke on the left with other bishops earles and barons according to their places On the first daie of their session was Gerard de Camuille discharged of the office which he had borne of shiriffe of Lincolne and dispossessed both of the castell countie And so likewise was Hugh Bardolfe of the castell and countie of Yorke and of the castell of Scarbourgh and of the custodie and kéeping of the countrie of Westmerland the which offices being now in the kings hands he set them on sale to him that would giue most Hereof it came to passe that where the lord chancellour offered to giue fiftéene hundred markes before hand for the counties of Yorke Lincolne and Northampton and an hundred markes of increase of rent for euerie of the same counties Geffrey archbishop of Yorke offered to the king thrée thousand markes aforehand onelie for the countie of Yorke and an hundred markes yearelie of increase and so had the same committed to his regiment Moreouer in this parlement the king demanded iudgement against his brother Iohn and Hugh Nouant the bishop of Couentrie and Chester for such traitorous and most disloiall attempts as they had made against him and his countries and iudgement was giuen that both the said earle and bishop should haue summons giuen them peremptorilie to appeare and if within fortie daies after they came not to answer such plaints as might be laid against them then should earle Iohn forfeit all that he had within the realme and the bishop should stand to the iudgement of the bishops in that he was a bishop and to the temporall lords in that he had béene the kings shiriffe In this parlement also in the kalends of Aprill the king procured a subsidie to be granted to him to wit two shillings of euerie plough land through England which maner of subsidie by an old name is called Teemen toll or Theyme toll He also commanded that euerie man should make for him the third part of knights seruice accordinglie as euerie sée might beare to furnish him foorth into Normandie He demanded of the moonks Cisteaux all their woolles for the same yeare But bicause that seemed an ouer greeuous burthen vnto them they fined with him as after shall appeare The fourth day of this parlement by the kings permission manie greeuous complaints were exhibited against the archbishop of Yorke for extortion and other vniust vexations line 10 which he had practised but he passed so little thereof that he made no answer vnto their billes
discharged by Iohn Mansell one of the kings iustices afore whom and other the kings councell the inquisition was taken and then was the custodie of the citie assigned vnto the constable of the tower and in place of the shiriffes were appointed Michaell Tonie and Iohn Audrian At length the maior shiriffes and Aldermen that were accused perceiuing the kings displeasure towards them submitted themselues wholie to his mercie sauing to them and to all other the citizens their liberties franchises and so in the excheker chamber at Westminster afore the king there sitting in iudgement vpon the matter they were condemned to paie their fines for their offenses committed and further euerie of them discharged of his ward and office Shortlie after was William Fitz Richard by the kings commandement made maior and Thomas Fitz Thomas and William Grapisgate shiriffes The archbishop of Yorke was accurssed by the popes commandement through all England with booke bell and candle that by such terror his constancie might he weakened But the archbishop saith Matthew Paris informed by the example of Thomas Becket and by the example and doctrine of saint Edmund sometime his instructor and also taught by the faithfulnesse of blessed Robert late bishop of Lincolne despaired not of comfort from heauen in bearing patientlie the popes tyrannie neither would he bestow the wealthie reuenues of his church vpon Italians being vnworthie persons and strangers neither would he obeie and incline to the popes will like a faint-harted person by leaning and setting apart the rigor of the law least therby he might séeme to result from his pastorlike office and animate the woolfe of Rome to breake into the shéepfold of the church whose purpose was to sucke the verie bloud quite and cleane out of euerie veine yea to bite out bowels and all Which qualitie to rest in him wofull experience hath taught and the testimonie of written verities hath shewed among which this one for the truth thereof is worthie to be reported euen to the praise of the deuiser for his prettie deuise therein comprised and here set downe as fit for the purpose Non pontifex sed potifex Non potifex sed panifex Non panifex sed carnifex Est papa pater pontifex About â—he beginning of the two and fortith yeare of king Henries reigne the lord Iames Audelie that had béene ouer with the king of Almaine and was latelie returned home in companie of the lord Henrie sonne to the said king who came backe from his father about the feast of saint Michaell last past vnderstanding how the Welshmen in his absence had burnt wasted and destroied his lands possessions and castels which belonged vnto him in the confines of Wales he meant to be reuenged of those iniuries and inuading them he slue a great number of them so reuenging the death of those his freends seruants and tenants whome they before had murthered The Welshmen were not so discouraged herewith but that they brake vpon him out of their starting-holes and places of refuge through the marishes and slaieng their enimies horsses put them backe to their power ceassed not to doo what mischeefe they could line 10 by spoiling killing and burning houses and castels where they might come vnto them and so the realme of England was dailie put to losses hinderances For out of Wales England was accustomed to be furnished with horsses cattell and other things to the great profit of both the countries About the same time there was an ambassage sent from the king of England to the French king by the bishop of Worcester the elect of Winchester the abbat of Westminster the earle of Leicester Hugh Bigod earle line 20 Marshall with Peter de Sauoy and Robert Walcron The effect of their message was to require restitution of those countries lands cities and townes which had bene euicted out of the hands of king Iohn and others apperteining by right of inheritance to the king of England These lords did their message but as was thought they had no towardlie answer but rather were put off with trifling words scornefull â—awnts so that they returned shortlie againe all of them the abbat of Westminster onelie excepted line 30 who remained there behind for a fuller answer not â—nelie to those requests exhibited on the part of the king of England but also on the behalfe of the king of Almaine The marshes towards Wales in this season were brought almost desert by reason of the continuall wars with the Welshmen for what with fire sword neither building nor liuing creature nor any other thing was spared that fire sword might bring to ruine line 40 In this yeare was an exceeding great dearth in so much that a quarter of wheat was sold at London for foure and twentie shillings whereas within two or thrée yeares before a quarter was sold at two shillings It had beene more déerer if great store had not come out of Almaine for in France and in Normandie it likewise failed year 1258 But there came fiftie great ships fraught with wheat and barlie with meale and bread out of Dutchland by the procurement of Richard king of Almaine which greatlie releeued the poore for proclamation was made and order line 50 taken by the king that none of the citizens of London should buy any of that graine to laie it vp in store whereby it might be sold at an higher price vnto the needie But though this prouision did much ease yet the want was great ouer all the realme For it was certeinelie affirmed that in three shires within the realme there was not found so much graine of that yeares growth as came ouer in those fiftie ships The proclamation was set foorth to restreine the Londoners from ingrossing vp that graine and not without cause for the wealthie citizens were euill spoken of in that season bicause in time of scarsitie they would either staie such ships as fraught with vittels were comming towards the citie and send them some other way foorth or else buy the whole that they might sell it by retaile at their plesure to the needie By means of this great dearth and scarsitie the common people were constreined to liue vpon hearbs roots and a great number of the poore people died through famine which is the most miserable calamitie that can betide mortall men and was well marked euen of the heathen but notablie by Ouid who making a description of famine setteth hir foorth in most ouglie and irkesome sort intending therby the dreadfulnes of that heauie plague saieng Quaesitámque famem lapidoso vidit in antro Vnguibus raris vellentem dentibus herbas Hirtus erat crinis caua lumina pallor in ore Labra incana situ scabrirubigine dentes Dura cutis per quam spectari viscera possent Ossa sub incuruis extabant arida lumbis Ventris erat pro ventre locus pendêre putares Pectus à spinae tantummodo
French king whom they chose as arbitrator betwixt them Herevpon on the thirtéenth of September both the king and quéene with their sonnes and diuerse other of the nobles of this land tooke shipping and sailed ouer to Bullongne where the French king as then was at a parlement with a great number of the nobles and péeres of France The earle of Leicester also with diuerse of his complices went thither and there the matter was opened argued and debated before the French king who in the end vpon due examination and orderlie hearing of the whole processe of all their controuersies gaue expresse sentence that all and euerie of the said statutes and ordinances deuised at Oxford should be from thencefoorth vtterlie void and all bonds and promises made by king Henrie or anie other for performance of them should likewise be adnihilated fordoone and clearelie cancelled The barons highlie displeased herewith refused to stand to the French kings award herein bicause he had iudged altogither on the kings side Wherevpon after they were returned into the realme either partie prepared for warre but yet about the feast of S. Edward the king and the barons eftsoones met at London holding a new parlement at Westminster but no good could be doone Then when the king of Almaine and prince Edward with others of the kings councell saw that by rapine oppression and extortion practised by the barons against the kings subiects as well spirituall as temporall the state of the realme and the kings honour was much decaied and brought in manner vnto vtter ruine they procured the king to withdraw secretlie from Westminster vnto Windsore castell of which his sonne prince line 10 Edward had gotten the possession by a traine From Windsore he went to Reading and from thence to Wallingford and so to Oxford hauing a great power with him At his being at Oxford there came vnto him the lord Henrie son to the king of Almaine Iohn earle Warren Roger Clifford Roger Leiborne Haimond le Strange and Iohn de Uaux which had reeuolted from the barons to the kings side Iohn Gifford also did the like but he shortlie after returned to line 20 the barons part againe The kings sonne the lord Edward had procured them thus to reuolt promising to euerie of them in reward by his charter of grant fiftie pounds lands to aid the king his father and him against the barons After this the king went to Winchester and from thence came backe vnto Reading and then he marched foorth with his armie vnto Douer where he could not be suffered to come into the castell being kept line 30 out by the lord Richard Gray that was capteine there Herevpon he returned to London where the barons againe were entred through fauour of the commoners against the will of the chéefe citizens and here they fell eftsoones to treat of agréement but their talke profited nothing And so in the Christmasse wéeke the king year 1264 with his sonne prince Edward and diuerse other of the councell sailed ouer againe into France and went to Amiens where they found the French king and a great number of his Nobles Also for the barons Peter de Montford and other were line 40 sent thither as commissioners and as some write at that present to wit on the 24 daie of Ianuarie the French king sitting in iudgement pronounced his definitiue sentence on the bahalfe of king Henrie against the barons but whether he gaue that sentence now or the yeare before the barons iudged him verie parciall and therefore meant not to stand vnto his arbitrement therein The king hauing ended his businesse with the French king returned into England and came to line 50 London the morrow after S. Ualentines day And about seuen or eight daies after the lord Edward his eldest sonne returned also and hearing that the barons were gone to the marshes of Wales where ioining with the Welshmen they had begun to make warre against the kings freends and namelie against his lieutenant Roger lord Mortimer whome they had besieged in the castell of Wigmore the lord Edward therevpon with such power as he could get line 60 togither marched thitherwards to raise their siege but the lord Mortimer perceiuing himselfe in danger fled priuilie out of the castell and got to Hereford whither the prince was come The barons inforced their strength in such wise that they wan the castell Prince Edward on the other side tooke the castels of Haie and Huntington that belonged vnto the earle of Hereford yoong Henrie de Boun. The castell of Brecknoc was also deliuered into his hands which he béetooke to the kéeping of the lord Roger de Mortimer with all the territorie thereto belonging Robert earle of Darbie that tooke part with the barons besieged the citie of Worcester and tooke it by the old castell sacked the citizens goods and constreined the Iewes to be baptised The citie of Glocester also was taken by the barons but prince Edward following them and reparing the bridge ouer Seuerne which the barons had broken downe after they were come ouer he entred the castell of Glocester with his people The next day by procurement of Walter bishop of Worcester a truce was taken betwixt prince Edward and the barons that had taken the towne during the which truce the barons left the towne and the burgesses submitted themselues vnto prince Edward and so he hauing the castell and towne in his hands imprisoned manie of the burgesses fined the towne at the summe of a thousand pounds Then he drew towards his father lieng at Oxford or at Woodstoke gathering people togither on ech hand In the meane time the lords drew towards London and the new assurance by writing indented was made betweene the communaltie of the citie and the barons without consent of any of the rulers of the citie The commoners herewith appointed of themselues two capteins which they named constables of the citie that is to saie Thomas Piwelsoon Stephan Bukerell by whose commandement and â—olling of the great bell of Paules all the citie was warned to be readie in harnesse to attend vpon the said two capteins About the beginning of Lent the constable of the towre sir Hugh Spenser with the said two capteins and a great multitude of the citizens and others went to Thistleworâ—â— and there spoiled the manour place of the king of Almaine and then set it on fire and destroied the water milles and other commodities which he there had This déed was the cause as some haue iudged of the warre that after insued For where before this time the said king of Almaine had beéne by reason of the alliance betwixt him and the earle of Glocester continuallie an intreater for peace he was now euer after this time an vtter enimie vnto the barons and vnto their side so farre as laie in his power The king hearing of this riotâ—â—us act and being informed
Englishmen as they came vp towards them The English archers which were mingled amongst the horssemen paid them home againe with their shot so that finallie the English horssemen winning the top of the hill slue manie of them standing stoutlie at defense and put the residue to flight Stephan Sward that had slaine Leolin after the victorie was atchiued rode to the dead bodie which he had slaine in the beginning of the battell and vpon â—ew taken of him perceiued who he was of which good hap the Englishmen were verie ioifull His head was herewith cut off which the lord Edmund Mortimer tooke with him vnto Rutland where the king as then was lodged vnto whome he presented it and the king sent 〈◊〉 vnto London appointing that there should be an yuie crowne set vpon it in token that he was a prince and so being adorned a horsseman carried it vpon the end of his staffe through Cheapside holding it as he rode on heigth that all men might sée it till he came to the tower there it was pight vp aloft vpon one of the highest turrets remaining there a long time after Thus was the prophesie fulfilled which was told is shewed in the third yeare of king Henrie was in this yeare fullie finished The nineteenth of March died Alexander king of Scotland by a fall which he caught as he ran a stirring horsse he left no issue behind him nor any certeine knowne heire to succéed him by reason wherof insued great harme to that relme as in the Scotish historie may more at large appeare The manner of whose death as in Richard Southwell I find it reported I haue thought good breeflie to touch for that in line 10 recitall thereof he somewhat disagreeth from the Scotish historie There went saith he a common speach through Scotland all this yeare before the kings death that on the same ninetéenth of March the daie of iudgement should be wherevpon as the said king sat at dinner in the castell of Edenburgh hauing a dish of excellent good lampries before him he sent part therof to one of the lords that sat at some other table not far from him and willed him by the gentleman that bare it to be merrie and haue in line 20 minâ— that this was the day of doome The lord sent him thanks againe and praied the messenger to tell the king merilie 〈◊〉 if this were the daie of doome they should rise to iudgement spéedilie with their bellies filled with good meats and drinks After they had dined and the night began to draw on he tooke his horsse and onlie accompanied with thrée gentlemen would needs ride to Kingorne where the queene his new wife then laie and before he could get vnto Innerkenin it was darke night so that he tooke there line 30 two guides to lead him the waie but they had not ridden past two miles but that the guides had quite lost the waie so that they were driuen to giue their horsses libertie to beat it out themselues Herewithall the king being seuered from his companie how he ruled his horsse it is hard to saie but downe he was throwne and immediatlie died with the vehement fall which he thus caught either headlong downe one of the cliffes or otherwise and thus he came to his end on a mondaie being saint Cuthberts euen the nineteenth of March as before is noted line 40 after he had reigned six thirtie yeares and nine moneths as the same Southwell saieth who also contrarie to that which Hector Boetius writeth affirmeth that the same daie was so tempestuous with wind snow haile and raine that he and manie other that then liued and felt it durst not vncouer their faces in going abroad against the bitter northerne wind that droue the snow and sleet most vehementlie vpon them And although that such fowle weather line 50 might haue staied him from taking his iournie in that sort yet he made no accompt thereof as he that was accustomed to ride as well in fowle weather as faire and spared neither for tempest waters nor craggie rocks thicke nor thin for all was one to him oftentimes taking his iournie in disguised apparell accompanied onlie with one seruant But to returne vnto the dooings in England In this yeare the king tooke escuage fortie shillings of euerie knights fee towards the charges of his line 60 last wars in Wales ¶ A parlement was holden at Westminster at the which were made the statutes called Additamenta Glocestriae or rather the statutes of Westminster the second In the fouretéenth yeare of king Edward a citizen of London named Thomas Piwilesdon who in time of the barons warres had béene a great dooer to stir the people against king Henrie was now accused that he with other should go about to make new disturbance within the citie whereof inquirie being made and had before sir Rafe Standish then custos or gardian of the citie the said Piwilesdon and other to the number of fiftie were banished the citie for euer ¶ Also whereas of old time before this season the merchant strangers were vsed to be lodged within the dwelling houses of the citizens of London and sold all their merchandize by procuration of their hosts for the which their said hosts had a certeine allowance after the rate of euerie pound now it was ordeined that the said merchant strangers might take houses to hire for to inhabit therein for stowage of their wares no citizen to intermeddle with them or their wares by reason whereof they vsed manie deceits both in vttering counterfeit wares and also vniust weights Moreouer much of those wares which they should haue waied at the K. beame they weighed at home within their houses to the hinderance of the kings custome Where vpon search being made vpon a sudden and their weights found and prooued false twentie of the said strangers were arrested and sent to the towre and their weights burnt destroied and broken to péeces in Westcheape on thursdaie before the feast of Simon and Iude. Finallie the said merchants were deliuered being put to a fine of a thousand pounds after sore and hard imprisonment The Iewes in one night were generallie apprehended year 1286 and put in prison through all the parts of England and so kept in durance till they had fined at the kings pleasure ¶ It is reported that the commons of England granted to the king the fift part of their mooueables to haue the Iewes banished out of the land but the Iewes to put the Englishmen froÌ„ their purpose gaue to the king great summes of monie whereby they tarried yet a while longer King Edward went ouer into France vpon the fiue and twentith of Maie passing through Picardie vnto Amiens and there the French king to doo him honor was readie to receiue him Here king Edward did homage vnto the French king for the lands which he ought to hold of him in France And
pace forum fit felix cultus agrorum Pax pietas mentis pax est pincerna salutis The French councell weied nothing at all these offers and would not so much as once vouchsafe to giue an answer to the English ambassadors earnestlie requiring the same Finallie the French K. sent vnto the citie of Anion which is knowne to belong vnto the dutchie of Guien where he there caused the king of England to be cited to make his appeerance at Paris at a certeine daie to answer to the iniuries and rebellions by him doone in the countrie of Gascoigne at the which daie when he appéered not the French king sitting in the seat of iudgement in his owne proper person gaue sentence there against the king of England for making default and withall commanded the high conestable of France to seize into his hands all the duchie of Guien and either to take or to expell all the king of Englands officers souldiers and deputies which were by him placed within the said duchie The king a little before had sent thither a valiant knight named the lord Iohn saint Iohn which had furnished all the cities townes castels and places with men munition and vittels for defense of the same In the meane time the king of England desirous to be at quiet with the Frenchmen appointed his brother Edmund earle of Lancaster as then soiourning in France to go vnto the French kings councell to procure some agréement which both might be allowed of the French king and not be dishonorable vnto him But when the earle could not preuaile in his sute he tooke his iournie towards England vtterlie despairing to procure any peace But yer he came to the sea side year 1294 he was sent for backe againe by the two quéenes of France Ione wife to king Philip and Marie his mother in law which promised to frame some accord betweene the two kings and so therevpon after diuerse communications by them had in the matter with the said earle of Lancaster at length it was accorded that for the sauing of the French kings honour which séemed to be touched by things doone by the king of Englands ministers in Gascoigne six castels should remaine at the said kings pleasure as Sanctes Talemond Turnim Pomeroll Penne and mount Flaunton Also there should be set a seruant or sergeant in the French kings name in euerie citie and castell within all the whole duchie of Guien except Burdeaux Baion and the Rioll And further hostages should be deliuered at the French kings pleasure of all ministers to be placed by the king of England in Gascoigne and other places through all the country These things doone the French king should reuoke the summons published and pronounced in the court of Paris against the king of England Also he shuld restore all the castels his seruants being remooued which he had placed in the same togither with the pledges incontinentlie at the request of the same queenes or of either of them The king of England hauing a safe conduct should come to Amiens that there méeting with the French king peace and amitie might be confirmed betwixt them Then were there writings made and ingrossed touching the forsaid articles of agréement one part deliuered to the earle sealed with the seales of the quéenes and other remained with the foresaid quéenes sealed with the seale of the earle The king of England certified hereof sent his letters patents directed vnto all his officers and ministers in Gascoigne commanding them to obeie in all things the French kings pleasure These letters patents were first sent vnto the earle of Lancaster that he might cause them to be conueied into Gascoigne when he should sée time The earle hauing receiued those letters doubting whether the French K. line 10 would obserue the agreement which the queenes had made and concluded or not required of them that he might heare the French king speake the word that he would stand vnto that which they had concluded Wherevpon in the presence of the said earle and his wife Blanch queene of Nauar mother to the French queene also of the duke of Burgoigne Hugh Ueere sonne to the earle of Oxenford and of a chapline called sir Iohn Lacie the French king promised by the faith of a prince that he would fulfill the line 20 promises of the said quéenes and the couenants by them accorded Herevpon a knight of the earles of Lancaster called sir Geffrey de Langley was spéedilie sent into Gascoigne with letters from the French king directed to the conestable to call him backe againe from his appointed enterprise And the foresaid chapleine sir Iohn Lacie was sent also thither with the letters patents of the king of England directed vnto his officers there in forme as is aboue mentioned line 30 whervpon the lord Iohn saint Iohn the king of Englands lieutenant in Gascoigne vnderstanding the conclusions of the agreement sold all such prouisions as he had made and brought into the cities townes and fortresses for the defense of the same and departing out of Gascoigne came towards Paris to returne that waie into England But behold what followed suddenlie by the enimie of peace was the French kings mind quite changed And where the king of England was come line 40 vnto Canturburie and kept his Easter there that immediatlie vpon the receipt of the safe conduct he might transport ouer the seas and so come to Amiens according to the appointment made by the agreement now not onelie the safe conduct was denied but also the first letters reuocatorie sent vnto the conestable to call him backe by other letters sent after were also made void and he by the latter letters appointed to kéepe vpon his iournie so that the conestable entring into Gascoigne with a power found no line 50 resistance the capteins and officers submitting them selues with the townes and fortresses at his pleasure according to the tenor of the letters patents latelie to them deliuered All the officers and capteins of the fortresses were brought to Paris as captiues and pledges Within a few daies after the earle of Lancaster required the quéenes that they would call vpon the king to grant his safe conduct for the king of England to reuoke the citation or summons to restore line 60 the lands taken from him and to deliuer the pledges but the French king by the mouths of certeine knights sent vnto the earle renounced all such couenants as before had béene concluded The earle of Lancaster then perceiuing that both he and his brother king Edward were mocked thus at the French kings hands returned into England and informed the king his councell from point to point of all the matter Herevpon a parlement being called at Westminster at the which the king of Scotland was present it was decréed by the states that those lands which were craftilie taken so from the K. should be recouered againe by the sword And the king herewith
men to his peace that would come and submit themselues those excepted which had beene at the siege of Tikehill castell or at the taking of the citie of Glocester or at the inuasion made vpon his men at Bridgenorth At his comming to a little village called Caldwell he sent afore him certeine bands to Burton vpon on Trent where he ment to haue lodged but the earles of Lancaster and Hereford the lords Roger Damorie Hugh Audelie the yonger Iohn de Mowbraie Bartholomew de Badelismere Roger de Clifford Iohn Gifford de Bremâ—sfield Henrie Tieis and many other being gotten thither before kept the bridge and affailing the kings people which he had thus sent before some of them they slue and some they wounded so defending the bridge that none could passe and by reason that the waters and speciallie line 10 the riuer of Trent through abundance of raine that was latelie fallen were raised there was no meane to passe by the foords wherevpon the king was constreined to staie the space of thrée daies in which meane time the earles and their complices fortified the bridge at Burton with barriers and such like defenses after the maner of warre but the king at length vpon deliberate aduise taken how to passe the riuer ordeined that the earle of Surrie with certeine armed men should go ouer by a bridge that line 20 was thrée miles distant from Burton that he might come vpon the backes of the enimies as they were fighting with those that should assaile them afront The earles of Richmond and Penbroke were appointed to passe by a foord which they had got knowledge of with thrée hundred horssemen in complet armour and the king with his brother the earle of Kent should follow them with the residue of the armie sauing that Robert Aquarie or Waters with certeine bands of footmen was commanded to assaile line 30 the bridge which he did verie manfullie causing the archers crossebowes to annoie them that kept it so as he might draw the whole power of the enimies that waie till the king and the earles were passed by the foord But after that the earles of Lancaster and Hereford with their complices heard that the king was passed with his armie they came foorth with their people into the fields and put them in order of battell but perceiuing the great puissance which the king had there readie to encounter them line 40 without more adoo they fled setting fire on the towne and leauing all their vittels and other things behind them The kings people comming spéedilie forward and entring the towne quenched the fire and fell to the spoile of such things as the enimies for hast had left behind them The king kept nothing to himselfe but onelie a faire cup that belonged to the earle of Lancaster a péece esteemed to be of some great value On the same night being wednesdaie the king line 50 came to Tutburie and lodged in the castell sending foorth the next day with all spéed letters to the shiriffe of Derbishire and Notinghamshire aduertising him both of the successe he had against his enimies and withall pronouncing them and all their adherents rebels and traitors to him and his realme and that for such they should be reputed taken and vsed Wherefore he commanded in the same letters or writs vpon forfeiture of all that the said shiriffe might forfeit he should pursue the said rebels that is the earles of line 60 Lancaster and Hereford the lords Roger Damorie Hugh Andelie the yoonger Iohn de Mowbraie Bartholomew de Badelismere Roger de Clifford Iohn Gifford de Brimesfield Henrie Tieis and all and euerie other person or persons that were of their confederacie or in their companies causing hue and crie to be raised vpon them in what part soeuer they might be heard of and in all places where the said shiriffe should thinke it expedient and to inioine and streightlie command all and singular persons the said rebels and enimies to pursue take and arrest and them to deliuer vnto the said shiriffe and that such as were not able to pursue them yet with hand or horne they should leuie hue and crie against them in paine that being found negligent herein to be accompted for fauourers and adherents to the said rebels and traitors and that the said shiriffe should thervpon apprehend them and put them in prison The writ was dated at Tutburie the eleuenth of March and the like writs were directed and sent foorth to all other shiriffes through the realme and likewise to the bishop of Durham and to the iustice of Chester Beside this he directed also other writs to the said shiriffes and others that although he had béene constreined to passe in forceable wise through diuerse parts of his realme and the marches of Wales to suppresse the malicious rebellion of diuerse his subiects and that as yet he was constreined to continue his iournie in such forceable wise neuertheles his pleasure was that the peace should be mainteined and kept throughout his realme with the statutes lawes and customes inuiolated and therfore he commanded the said shiriffes that they should cause the same to be proclaimed in places where was thought most expedient as well within liberties as without inhibiting that any maner of person of what state or condition soeuer he was vpon paine that might fall thereon to attempt any thing to the breach of peace but that euerie man should séeke to mainteine and preserue the peace and tranquillitie of the people with the statutes lawes and good customes of the land to the vttermost of his power this alwaies obserued that the rebels wheresoeuer they might be found should be arrested and committed to safe custodie The daie of this writ was at Tutburie aforesaid on the twelfth of March. The lord Roger Damorie laie sicke in his bed at the same time in the priorie of Tutburie who after he had heard what iudgement the king had pronounced against him departed this life within two daies after But the earles of Lancaster and Hereford with other in their companie that fled from the discomfiture at Burton lost manie men and horsses in their flieng away by reason of such pursuit as was made after them Diuerse of them that had taken part with the lords against the king came now and submitted themselues vnto him amongst the which were sir Gilbert de Ellesfield and sir Robert Helland knights The king yet had the said Holland in some suspicion bicause he had promised to haue come to him before The earle of Lancaster had sent him at this time to raise his tenants in Lancashire and to bring them vnto him but he deceiued him and came not to him at all wherevpon the earles of Lancaster and Hereford with the other barons being come vnto Pomâ—ret fell to councell in the Friers there and finallie after much debating of the matter and considering how by the vntrue dealing
their lords and not to come to any court except it were to the great léet twise in the yeare When the king heard such presumptuous requests he was in a great chafe dispatched the messengers awaie with a sore threatning answer saieng that bondmen they were and bondmen they should be and that in more vile manner than before to the terrible example of all other that should attempt any the like disorders and foorthwith the earle of Buckingham and the lord Thomas Percie brother to the earle of Northumberland were sent with an armie to represse those rebels whome they found fortified within woods hedges and ditches verie stronglie but with small adoo they were put to flight about fiue hundred of them slaine the residue saued themselues as well as they might by succour of the woods There were eight hundred horsses also taken which those rebels had there with them to draw and carrie their baggage Those of the rebels that escaped were not yet so tamed by that ouerthrow but that assembling themselues togither in a rowt they made towards Colchester and comming thither would haue persuaded the townesmen to haue ioined with them in a new rebellion But when they could not bring their purpose to passe they marched towards Sudburie The lord Fitz Walter and sir Iohn Harleston vnderstanding which waie they tooke followed them with a companie of armed men and suddenlie setting vpon them as they were making their proclamations slue of them so manie as it liked them and the other they saued and suffered to depart or else committed them to prison After this the king came to Hauering at the bowre and from thence to Chelmisford where he appointed sir Robert Trisilian to sit in iudgement of the offendors and rebels of that countrie wherevpon an inquest being chosen a great number were indited arreigned found giltie so that vpon some one gallowes there were nine or ten hanged togither In euerie countrie were like inquiries made and the chéefe offendors apprehended and put to death in euerie lordship through the realme where anie of them were detected by ten twelue twentie thirtie yea and in some places by fortie at once so that the whole number grew to fifteene hundred and aboue At the first when the kings iustices began to sit in Essex Kent and at London by reason of the multitude that were to be executed they onelie chopped off their heads but afterwards when that kind of death seemed too close and secret for so open offenses they proceeded according to the accustomed law of the realme by condemning them to be drawne and hanged and according thervnto they were executed In the meane time the king by the aduise of his councell directed his letters reuocatorie into euerie countie there to be proclamed in euerie citie borrow towne and place as well within the liberties as without by the which letters he reuoked made void line 10 and frustrate his former letters of infranchising the bondmen of his realme and commanded that such as had the same letters should without delaie bring them in and restore them to him and his councell to be cancelled as they would answer vpon their faith and allegiance which they owght to him and vpon paine of forfeiting all that they had The date of which letters reuocatorie was at Chelmesford the second daie of Iulie in the fift yeare of his reigne When the king had quieted the countie of Essex line 20 and punished such as were the chéefe sturrers of that wicked commotion in those parts he went to saint Albons to sée iustice doone vpon such as had demeaned themselues most presumptuouslie against the kings peace in that towne namelie against the abbat and his house who sought to defend themselues vnder a colour of fréendship that they trusted to find in some persons about the king But that trust deceiued them and procured the more displeasure against them for that they would not sue for fauour line 30 at the abbats hands in time by submitting themselues vnto his will and pleasure To be breefe the king came thither with a great number of armed men and archers and caused his iustice sir Robert Trisilian to sit in iudgement vpon the malefactors that were brought thither from Hertford gaile Thither was brought also to the king from Couentrie Iohn Ball preest whome the citizens of Couentrie had taken and now here at saint Albons they presented him to the kings presence wherevpon he line 40 was arreigned and condemned to be drawne hanged and headed for such notable treasons as he was there conuicted of He receiued iudgement vpon the saturdaie the first daie that the said sir Robert Trisilian sat in iudgement but he was not executed till the mondaie following This man had beene a preacher the space of twentie yeares and bicause his doctrine was not according to the religion then by the bishops mainteined he was first prohibited to preach in anie church or chappell and when he ceassed not for line 50 all that but set foorth his doctrine in the streets fields where he might haue audience at length he was committed to prison out of the which he prophesied that he should be deliuered with the force of twentie thousand men and euen so it came to passe in time of the rebellion of the commons When all the prisons were broken vp and the prisoners set at libertie he being therefore so deliuered followed them at Blackeheath when the greatest multitude was there got togither as some write line 60 he made a sermon taking his saieng or common prouerbe for his theame wherevpon to intreat When Adam delu'd and Eue span Who was then a gentleman and so continuing his sermon went about to prooue by the words of that prouerbe that from the beginning all men by nature were created alike and that bondage or seruitude came in by iniust oppression of naughtie men For if God would haue had anie bondmen from the beginning he would haue appointed who should be bond who free And therefore he exhorted them to consider that now the time was come appointed to them by God in which they might if they would cast off the yoke of bondage recouer libertie He counselled them therefore to remember themselues and to take good hearts vnto them that after the manner of a good husband that tilleth his ground and riddeth out thereof such euill wéeds as choke and destroie the good corne they might destroie first the great lords of the realme and after the iudges and lawiers questmoongers and all other whom they vndertooke to be against the commons for so might they procure peace and suertie to themselues in time to come if dispatching out of the waie the great men there should be an equalitie in libertie no difference in degrées of nobilitie but a like dignitie and equall authoritie in all things brought in among them When he had preached and set foorth such kind of
in the beginning of this parlement were openlie called Robert Uéer duke of Ireland Alexander Neuill archbishop of Yorke Michaell de la Poole earle of Suffolke sir Robert Trisilian lord cheefe iustice of England to answer Thomas of Woodstoke duke of Glocester Richard earle of Arundell Henrie earle of Derbie and Thomas earle of Notingham vpon certeine articles of high treason which these lords did charge them with And forsomuch as none of these appeared it was ordeined by the whole assent of the parlement that they should be banished for euer and their lands and goods mooueable and vnmooueable to be forfeit and seized into the kings hands their lands intailed onelie excepted Shortlie after was the lord chéefe iustice Robert Trisilian found in an apothecaries house at Westminster lurking there to vnderstand by spies dailie what was doone in the parlement he was descried by one of his owne men and so taken and brought to the duke of Glocester who caused him forthwith the same daie to be had to the tower and from thence drawne to Tiburne and there hanged On the morrow after sir Nicholas Brambre that sometime had beene maior of London was brought foorth to iudgement and condemned although he had manie fréends that made sute to saue his life This man had doone manie oppressions within the citie of London as was reported In his maioraltie he caused great monstruous stocks to be made to imprison men therein and also a common axe to strike off the heads of them which should resist his will and pleasure for he was so highlie in the kings fauour that he might doo what he would And the report went that he had caused eight thousand or more to be indicted which before had taken part with the lords intending to haue put them all to death if God had not shortened his daies Manie other euill fauoured reports went abroad of him as that he meant to haue changed the name of London and to haue named it little Troie of which citie baptised with that new name he purposed to be intituled duke But these were forged rumors deuised and spred abroad in those daies as manie other were partlie by the vaine imagination of the people and partlie of purpose to bring those whome the king fauoured further out of the peoples liking But now touching sir Nicholas Brambre in the end being thus called to answer his transgressions he was found giltie and had iudgement neither to be hanged nor drawne but to be beheaded with his owne are which before he had deuised seruing him heerein as Phalaris the tyrant sometime serued Perillus the inuentor of that exquisite line 10 torment of the brasen bull wherein the offendor being put and the counterfet beast by force of fier made glowing hot hauing his toong first cut out through extreamitie of paine made a bellowing alwaies as he cried as if it had béene the verie noise of a naturall bull Of which strange torment Perillus himselfe first tasted suffering death by an engine of his owne deuising which he thought should haue purchased him a good liuing whereof the poet saith Vâ— Phalaris tauro violentus membra Perilli line 20 Torruit infelix imbuit autor opus After this sir Iohn Salisburie sir Iames Berneis both knights and lustie yoong men were by iudgement of parlement drawne and hanged Then folowed Iohn Beauchampe of the Holt lord steward of the kings house that had serued king Edward the third and his sonne Lionell duke of Clarence who likewise by decrée of this parlement was drawne and hanged Also Iohn Blake esquier who in an infortunate houre stood against the lords in the councell line 30 at Notingham was now drawne and hanged and so was one Thomas Uske Last of all or as some hold first of all was sir Simon Burlie beheaded although the earle of Derbie did what he could to saue his life by reason whereof great dissention rose betwixt the said earle and the duke of Glocester for the duke being a sore and a right seuere man might not by any meanes be remooued from his opinion and purpose if he once resolued vpon any matter Some spite he bare as was thought towards the line 40 said sir Simon Burlie both as well for the faithfull fréendship which was growne betwixt the duke of Ireland and the said sir Simon as also for that he looked to haue had such offices and roomes which sir Simon inioied by the kings gratious fauour and grants thereof to him made as the Wardenship of the cinque ports and constableship of the castell of Douer and the office of high chamberleine ¶ But now bicause of all these which were condemned and executed at this parlement in our common chronicles there is least written and in Froissard and line 50 diuerse priuate pamphlets I haue read most of this sir Simon I haue thought good to set downe some part of his life so largelie as this volume may well beare although a great deale more briefe than where I found it This sir Simon was the son of sir Iohn Burlie knight of the garter and brought vp in his youth vnder his kinsman doctor Walter Burlie who as in the latter end of king Edward the third you haue heard was one of the chiefe that had charge in line 60 the bringing vp of the Blacke prince eldest sonne to the said king Edward By this occasion he grew into such fauour with the prince that afterwards the said prince committed vnto him the gouernance of his sonne Richard of Burdeaux who as he was of a genâ—le and courteous nature began then to conceiue so great loue and liking towards him that when he came to the crowne and was king he aduanced him highlie to great honours and promotions in somuch that at one time other he was made knight of the gartâ—r constable of Douer lord Waâ—den of the cinque ports lord chamberleine earle of Huntington and also one of the priuie councell to the king Neither was there any thing doone concerning the affaires apperteining vnto the state without his counsell appointment and direction wherein he so much fauoured and leaned to the partie of the duke of Ireland that he was sore enuied and greatlie hated of diuerse of the rest of the nobilitie speciallie of the kings vncle the duke of Glocester who vpon malice that he bare to the man not so much for his owne demeanour as for his alies and peraduenture for desire of his roomes more than of his life caused him to be accused of diuerse offenses against the crowne realme and church namelie for that he had as they surmized against him spoiled and wasted the kings treasure and withholden the paie of the souldiers and men of warre wherevpon he was arrested called to account hauing no clerke allowed him to make vp the same was found in arrerages 250000 franks And although for one part thereof he demanded allowance of monie which be had
Gascoigne where he remained steward vntill the comming of Henrie the third at what time the said Henrie surrendered his office but the king importunate with him still to reteine the same he flatlie denied it and would no longer remaine there suddenlie returning into England without licence line 50 or knowledge of the king for which contempt the king greeuouslie incensed in reuenge and for satisfaction of the same made the same lands to be extended by Thomas Paslew and others who by the kings processe extended part thereof to a â—reble value after which extent returned into the chancerie the king seized the manour of Bremesgraue Bolesoure Strattondale in Norton left in his hands the manours of Lierton Oswardbecke Cundoner Wourfeld and Wigutton whereof the said Henrie line 60 died seized Two yeares before which grant of the lands before said to this Henrie to wit in the twentith yeare of Henrie the third the said Henrie Hastings made his petition to serue in the pantrée as he was bound by tenure at the coronation of euerie prince the record whereof in the ancient written booke of the earls of Huntington is in these words following The record by which Henrie Hastings executed the office of the panteller VIcesimo Henr. tertij quo coronata fuit regina Elionara filia Hugonis comitis Prouinciae apud Westm. factae sunt contentiones magnae de seruitijs ministralibus de iuribus pertinentibus ad eorum ministeria sed respectuatur iuribus singulis saluis vt tumultus requiesceret vsque ad quindena Paschae sequeÌ„tis c. Et Henricus de Hastinges cuius officium seruiendi de mappis à veteri vendicauit officiuÌ„ illud habuit Nam quamuis Thurstanus vendicauit officium illud asserens suum esse debere à veteri tamen rex repulsat admisit Henricum de Hastinges ea die assignans eisdem diem de contentione finienda ad praedictum terminum Extractas verò post prandium mappas tanquam suas ad officium pertinentes recepit This Henrie had by Ada his wife his sonne heire Henrie Hastings from whome Buchanan dooth saie that Henrie Hastings now earle of Penbroke is descended whereof I will not now heere dispute Henrie Hastings knight sonne of Henrie after the death of his father finding himselfe greeued that the inheritance which should haue descended vnto him from his mother was so withholden from him for the offense of his father contrarie to law and iustice and without iudgement but by the kings power pursued a bill against the king therby to haue remedie and restitution for the supposed false returne of the extent which was made against his father and vpon the same bill this Henrie Hastings obteined a new writ to make a fresh extent directed to maister Thomas of Wimundham Robert de la Laie Robert de Solham Hugh Peeche Thomas de Braie to vnderstand if the remnant of the lands to him descended beside that by the king extended would counteruaile the value of such lands as he should haue by descent from and of the earle and earledome of Chester which maâ—ter neuer being ended in his time was afterward prosecuted of the Hastings from parlement to parlement vntill the thirtie fourth yeare of Edward the first as more plainelie shall after appeare Of this Henrie Hollingshed intreateth much in the reigne of Henrie the third this man being he that in the time of Edward the first made title to the crowne of Scotland maried Ione one of the daughters of William Cantulpe lord of Aburgauenie in the right of Eua one of the daughters and heires of William Bewsa or Brewcusa for I find both written of which Ione this Henrie had issue Iohn Hastings his sonne and heire Edmund which maried Isabell had great possessions in Wales Ada first maried to Robert de Champane Lora maried to sir Thomas the sonne of sir Iohn de Latimer and Ione which was a nun at Notingham Iohn Hastings knight sonne of the last Henrie was borne at Asleghe in the yéere of our Lord 1262 and in the six fortith yeare of the reigne of Henrie the third This man after his fathers death did in the yeare of our Lord 1274 and the second yeare of the reigne of Edward the first being the kings ward demand the execution of his office of the pantrie at the coronation of queene Elianor wife to Edward the first but could not execute the same by reason of his nonage and also for that he was in ward to the said king After when he was growne to full yeares there arose in the yeare of our Lord 1305 and in the thirtie third yeare of the reigne of Edward the first great contention betweene Antonie Beake bishop of Durham this Iohn Hastings Iohn Balioll and Robert Bruse for the manors of Penrith Castlesoure Salgkill regis Lange Worthbie Carlaton and of Werkine Tinehale whereof Henrie king of Scots kinsman of the said Robert Bruse Iohn Balioll and Iohn Hastings whose heire they were died seized in his demesne of fee. In which sutes after manie delaies made and manie summons against the said bishop the plée went without daie bicause the bishop must go to Rome But after his returne the sute being reuiued and continued it went once more without daie bicause the king seized the same into his hands and held it all the time of his reigne These things thus doone and Edward the first departed this Iohn Hastings as yet not hastie to renew his sute of the land but rather to execute his right of the pantrie did in the first yeare of Edward the second demand the executing of that office line 10 at the coronation of the said Edward the second and Isabell his wife at Westminster which he obteined and laid the clothes and napkins in the great hall by him and other his knights one the tables whereat the king the quéene and other great states should dine which according as I haue seene noted was in this sort The order and number of clothes laied line 20 at the kings table and how Iohn Hastings had them for his fee. AD altam sedem ipsius regis tres mappas super alias mensas in eadem aula 28 mappas vnde quaelibet pecia continebat 4 in parua aula coram regina alibi in illa parua aula 14 quaruÌ„ quaelibet pecia continebat 3. Et dum fueruÌ„t ad comestum mappas per se suos custodiebat line 30 post comestum illas trahebat deferre faciebat seruientes ad seruiendum istas cum suis loquelis â—abebat sine voluntate vel cum voluntate eas deâ—inebat per totum festum coronationis licèt petitae erant deliberatione primò à senescallo regis postea ab ipso rege per quod idem rex praecepit domino Willielmo Martin alijs senescallis suis quòd plenam celerem iusticiam ei facerent deliberationem de mappis praedictis
disobeieng the arrest he should be dispatched out of life And in this maner ye imagined his death To the which I answered that it were conuenient the king should send for his councell and if they agréed herevnto I would not be against it and so I departed To this Bagot made no answer line 50 After this the king commanded that the lords Berkleie and Louell and sir knights of the lower house should go after dinner to examine the said Hall This was on a thursdaie being the fiftéenth of October On the saturdaie next insuing sir William Bagot and the said Iohn Hall were brought both to the barre and Bagot was examined of certeine points and sent againe to prison The lord Fitzwater herewith rose vp and said to the king that where the duke of Aumarle excuseth himselfe of the duke line 60 of Glocesters death I say quoth he that he was the verie cause of his death and so he appealed him of treason offering by throwing downe his hood as a gage to proue it with his bodie There were twentie other lords also that threw downe their hoods as pledges to proue the like matter against the duke of Aumarle The duke of Aumarle threw downe his hood to trie it against the lord Fitzwater as against him that lied falselie in that he had charged him with by that his appeale These gages were deliuered to the constable and marshall of England and the parties put vnder arrest The duke of Surrie stood vp also against the lord Fitzwater auouching that where he had said that the appellants were causers of the duke of Glocesters death it was false for they were constrained to sue the same appeale in like manner as the said lord Fitzwater was compelled to giue iudgement against the duke of Glocester and the earle of Arundell so that the suing of the appeale was doone by constraint and if he said contrarie he lied and therewith he threw downe his hood The lord Fitzwater answered herevnto that he was not present in the parlement house when iudgement was giuen against them and all the lords bare witnesse thereof Moreouer where it was alledged that the duke of Aumarle should send two of his seruants to Calis to murther the duke of Glocester the said duke of Aumarle said that if the duke of Norfolke affirme it he lied falselie and that he would proue with his bodie throwing downe an other hood which he had borowed The same was likewise deliuered to the constable and marshall of England and the king licenced the duke of Norfolke to returne that he might arraigne his appeale After this was Iohn Hall condemned of treason by authoritie of the parlement for that he had confessed himselfe to be one of them that put the duke of Glocester to death at Calis and so on the mondaie following he was drawne from the Tower to Tiburne and there hanged bowelled headed and quartered his head being sent to Calis there to be set vp where the duke was murthered On wednesdaie following request was made by the commons that sith king Richard had resigned and was lawfullie deposed from his roiall dignitie he might haue iudgement decréed against him so as the realme were not troubled by him and that the causes of his deposing might be published through the realme for satisfieng of the people which demand was granted Wherevpon the bishop of Carleill a man both learned wise and stout of stomach boldlie shewed foorth his opinion concerning that demand affirming that there was none amongst them woorthie or meet to giue iudgement vpon so noble a prince as king Richard was whom they had taken for their souereigne and liege lord by the space of two twentie yeares and more And I assure you said he there is not so ranke a traitor nor so errant a théef nor yet so cruell a murtherer apprehended or deteined in prison for his offense but he shall be brought before the iustice to heare his iudgement and will ye procéed to the iudgement of an anointed king hearing neither his answer nor excuse I say that the duke of Lancaster whom ye call king hath more trespassed to K. Richard his realme than king Richard hath doone either to him or vs for it is manifest well knowne that the duke was banished the realme by K. Richard and his councell and by the iudgement of his owne father for the space of ten yeares for what cause ye know and yet without licence of king Richard he is returned againe into the realine and that is woorse hath taken vpon him the name title preheminence of king And therfore I say that you haue doone manifest wrong to procéed in anie thing against king Richard without calling him openlie to his answer and defense ¶ As soone as the bishop had ended this tale he was attached by the earle marshall and committed to ward in the abbeie of faint Albons Moreouer where the king had granted to the earle of Westmerland the countie of Richmond the duke of Britaine pretending a right thereto by an old title had sent his letters ouer vnto the estates assembled in this parlement offering to abide such order as the law would appoint in the like case to anie of the kings subiects Wherevpon the commons for the more suertie of the intercourse of merchants besought the king that the matter might be committed to the ordering of the councell of either of the parties and of his counsell so as an end might be had therein which request was likewise granted After this the records of the last parlement were shewed with the appeales the commission made to twelue persons to determine things that were motioned in the same last parlement Héerevpon the commons praied that they might haue iustice Markham and maister Gascoigne a sergeant at the law ioined with them for counsell touching the perusing of the records which was granted them and day giuen ouer line 10 till the next morrow in the White-hall where they sat about these matters thrée daies togither On the morrow following being the éeuen of Simon and Iude the apostles the commons required to heare the iudgement of king Richard Wherevpon the archbishop of Canturburie appointed to speake declared how that the king that now is had granted king Richard his life but in such wise as he should remaine in perpetuall prison so safelie kept that neither the king nor realme should be troubled with line 20 him It was also concluded that if anie man went about to deliuer him that then he should be the first that should die for it After this the commons praied that the lords and other that were of king Richards counsell might be put to their answers for their sundrie misdemeanors which was granted On Wednesday following being the morrow after the feast of Simon and Iude all the processe of the parlement holden the 21 yéere of king Richards reigne was read openlie in which
it was found how the earle of Warwike had confessed himselfe guiltie of treason line 30 and asked pardon and mercie for his offense but the earle denied that euer he acknowledged anie such thing by woord of mouth and that he would prooue in what manner soeuer should be to him appointed Therein was also the appeale found of the dukes of Aumarle Surrie and Excester the marquesse Dorset the earles of Salisburie and Glocester vnto the which ech of them answered by himselfe that they neuer assented to that appeale of their owne frée wils line 40 but were compelled thereto by the king and this they affirmed by their othes and offered to prooue it by what manner they should be appointed Sir Walter Clopton said then to the commons If ye will take aduantage of the processe of the last parlement take it and ye shall be receiued therevnto Then rose vp the lord Morlie and said to the earle of Salisburie that he was chiefe of counsell with the duke of Glocester and likewise with king Richard so discouered the dukes counsell to the king line 50 as a traitor to his maister and that he said he would with his bodie prooue against him throwing downe his hood as a pledge The earle of Salisburie sore mooued héerewith told the lord Morlie that he falslie béelied him for he was neuer traitor nor false to his maister all his life time and therewith threw downe his gloue to wage battell against the lord Morlie Their gages were taken vp and deliuered to the constable and marshall of England and the parties were arrested and day to them giuen till another time line 60 On mondaie following being the morrow after All soules day the commons made request that they might not be entred in the parlement rols as parties to the iudgement giuen in this parlement but there as in verie truth they were priuie to the same for the iudgement otherwise belonged to the king except where anie iudgment is giuen by statute enacted for the profit of the common-wealth which request was granted Diuers other petitions were presented on the behalfe of the commons part whereof were granted and to some there was none answere made at that time Finallie to auoid further inconuenience and to qualifie the minds of the enuious it was finallie enacted that such as were appellants in the last parlement against the duke of Glocester and other should in this wise following be ordred The dukes of Aumarle Surrie and Excester there present were iudged to loose their names of dukes togither with the honors titles and dignities therevnto belonging The marquesse Dorset being likewise there present was adiudged to lose his title and dignitie of marquesse and the earle of Glocester being also present was in semblable maner iudged to lose his name title and dignitie of earle Moreouer it was further decréed against them that they and euerie of them should lose and forfeit all those castels lordships manors lands possessions rents seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer had beene giuen to them at or since the last parlement belonging aforetime to any of those persons whom they had appealed and all other their castels manors lordships lands possessions rents seruices liberties and reuenues whatsoeuer which they held of the late kings gift the daie of the arrest of the said duke of Glocester or at any time after should also remaine in the kings disposition from thencefoorth and all letters patents and charters which they or any of them had of the same names castels manors lordships lands possessions and liberties should be surrendred vp into the chancerie there to be cancelled Diuerse other things were enacted in this parlement to the preiudice of those high estates to satisfie mens minds that were sore displeased with their dooings in the late kings daies as now it manifestlie appéered For after it was vnderstood that they should be no further punished than as before is mentioned great murmuring rose among the people against the king the archbishop of Canturburie the earle of Northumberland and other of the councell for sauing the liues of men whom the commons reputed most wicked and not worthie in anie wise to liue But the king thought it best rather with courtesie to reconcile them than by cutting them off by death to procure the hatred of their freends and alies which were manie and of no small power After that the foresaid iudgement was declared with protestation by sir William Thirning iustice the earle of Salisburie came and made request that he might haue his protestation entered against the lord Morlie which lord Morlie rising vp from his seat said that so he might not haue bicause in his first answer he made no protestation and therefore he was past it now The earle praied day of aduisement but the lord Morlie praied that he might lose his aduantage sith he had not entered sufficient plee against him Then sir Matthew Gournie sitting vnderneath the king said to the earle of Salisburie that Forsomuch as at the first day in your answers ye made no protestation at all none is entered of record and so you are past that aduantage and therefore asked him if he would saie any other thing Then the earle desired that he might put in mainprise which was granted and so the earle of Kent sir Rafe Ferrers sir Iohn Roch sir Iohn Draiton knights mainprised the said earle bodie for bodie For the lord Morlie all the lords and barons offred to vndertake and to be suerties for him but yet foure of them had their names entered that is to saie the lords Willoughbie Beauchampe Scales and Berkelie they had day till the fridaie after to make their libell After this came the lord Fitzwater and praied to haue day and place to arreigne his appeale against the earle of Rutland The king said he would send for the duke of Norffolke to returne home and then vpon his returne he said he would proceed in that matter Manie statutes were established in this parlement as well concerning the whole bodie of the common-wealth as by the booke thereof imprinted may appeare as also concerning diuerse priuate persons then presentlie liuing which partlie we haue touched and partlie for doubt to be ouer-tedious we doo omit But this among other is not to be forgotten that the archbishop of Canturburie was not onelie restored to his former dignitie being remooued from it by king Richard who had procured one Roger Walden to be placed therein as before ye haue heard but also the said Walden was established bishop line 10 of London wherewith he séemed well content Moreouer the kings eldest sonne Henrie alreadie created as heire to his father and to the crowne prince of Wales duke of Cornewall and earle of Chester was also intituled duke of Aquitaine and to auoid all titles claimes and ambiguities there was an act made for the vniting of the crowne vnto king
father for the honour of God to ease your heart of all such suspicion as you haue of me and to dispatch me héere before your knees with this same dagger and withall he deliuered vnto the king his dagger in all humble reuerence adding further that his life was not so deare to him that he wished to liue one daie with his displeasure and therefore in thus ridding me out of life and your selfe from all suspicion here in presence of these lords and before God at the daie of the generall iudgement I faithfullie protest clearlie to forgiue you The king mooued herewith cast from him the dagger and imbracing the prince kissed him and with shedding teares confessed that in déed he had him partlie in suspicion though now as he perceiued not with iust cause and therefore from thencefoorth no misreport should cause him to haue him in mistrust and this he promised of his honour So by his great wisedome was the wrongfull suspicion which his father had conceiued against him remooued and he restored to his fauour And further where he could not but gréeuouslie complaine of them that had slandered him so greatlie to the defacing not onelie of his honor but also putting him in danger of his life he humblie besought the king that they might answer their vniust accusation and in case they were found to haue forged such matters vpon a malicious purpose that then they might suffer some punishment for their faults though not to the full of that they had deserued The king séeming to grant his rosonable desire yet told him that he must tarrie a parlement that such offendors might be punished by iudgement of their péeres and so for that time he was dismissed with great loue and signes of fatherlie affection ¶ Thus were the father and the sonne reconciled betwixt whom the said pickthanks had sowne diuision insomuch that the sonne vpon a vehement conceit of vnkindnesse sproong in the father was in the waie to be worne out of fauour Which was the more likelie to come to passe by their informations that priuilie charged him with riot and other vnciuill demeanor vnséemelie for a prince Indeed he was youthfullie giuen growne to audacitie and had chosen him companions agréeable to his age with whome he spent the time in such recreations exercises and delights as he fansied But yet it should séeme by the report of some writers that his behauiour was not offensiue or at least tending to the damage of anie bodie sith he had a care to auoid dooing of wrong and to tedder his affections within the tract of vertue whereby he opened vnto himselfe a redie passage of good liking among the prudent sort and was beloued of such as could discerne his disposition which was in no degrée so excessiue as that he deserued in such vehement maner to be suspected In whose dispraise I find little but to his praise verie much parcell whereof I will deliuer by the waie as a metyard whereby the residue may be measured The late poet that versified the warres of the valorous Englishmen speaking of the issue of Henrie the fourth saith of this prince among other things as followeth procero qui natu maximus haeres Corpore progressus cùm pubertatis ad annos Esset res gessit multas iuueniliter audax Asciscens comites quos par sibi iunxerat aetas Nil tamen iniustè commisit nil tamen vnquam Extra virtutis normam sapientibus aequè Ac alijs charus About the same time Iohn Prendergest knight being restored to the kings fauour with thirtie ships scowred the seas tooke good prises of wine and vitels which reléeued the commons greatlie Amongst other enterprises he landed vpon the sudden at Craal on the faire day tooke the towne and robbed the faire so as they that were come thither to sell their wares had quicke vtterance and slow paiment King Henrie vnderstanding that the French king by setting on of the duke of Burgognie in pursuing the contrarie faction had besieged the citie of Burges as before yée haue heard determined with all spéed to aid the duke of Orleance so about the feast of the Assumption of our ladie he sent ouer an armie of eight hundred men of armes and nine thousand archers vnder the leading of his second sonne the duke of Clarence accompanied with Edward duke of Yorke Thomas earle of Dorset and diuerse other noble men and worthie capteins They landed in the Baie de la Hogue saint Wast in the countrie of Constantine The Englishmen swarmed like bées round about the countrie robbing and spoiling the same Shortlie after their departure from the place where line 10 they landed there came to them six hundred armed men of Gascoignes that were inrolled at Burdeaux When newes thereof came to the French court being then at Auxerre incontinentlie the earles of Alanson and Richmond were dispatched to go vnto the English campe bicause they had euer béene partakers with the duke of Orleance to giue them thanks for their paines and to aduertise them of the peace that had beene latelie concluded betwixt the parties and therefore to take order with them that line 20 they might be satisfied so as they should not spoile waste the countrie as they had begun But whereas the Englishmen were gréedie to haue and the duke of Orleance was not rich to paie they marched on towards Guien in good order and what by sacking of townes and ransoming of rich prisoners they got great treasure and manie good preies and booties Being passed the riuer of Loire they spoiled the towne of Beaulieu and with fire and sword wasted line 30 the countries of Touraine and Maine The lord de Rambures appointed to resist such violence was easilie vanquished Moreouer to the aid of the duke of Orleance the king of England sent ouer to Calis the earls of Kent and Warwike with two thousand fighting men which spoiled and wasted the countrie of Bullennois burnt the towne of Samer de Bois and tooke with assault the fortresse of Russalt and diuerse other This yeare the king abased the coines of his gold and siluer causing the same to be currant in line 40 this realme at such value as the other was valued before where indéed the noble was woorsse by foure pence than the former and so likewise of the siluer the coines whereof he appointed to be currant after the same rate ¶ In this yeare and vpon the twelfth day of October were three flouds in the Thames the one following vpon the other no ebbing betweene which thing no man then liuing could remember the like to be seene ¶ In this kings time and in the eighth yeare of his line 50 reigne as Richard Grafton hath recorded a worthie citizen of London named Richard Whitington mercer and alderman was elected maior of the said citie and bare that office three times This man
kings absence appeased diuerse riots and punished the offendors the king with a great power tooke shipping at Douer on saint Georges euen within night and landed at Calis on the morrow being saint Georges daie and sundaie by seuen of the clocke in the morning He remained in Calis a good space and from thence he remoued to Rone being there receiued with all triumph He taried in that citie a long time his nobles dailie consulting on their great businesse weightie affaires ¶ In this kings time somewhat about this yeare a certeine Breton whome a good honest widow had receiued into hir house and conceiued well of him in opinion was by hir mainteined of hir owne pursse as Polychronicon saith she found him of almes and for Gods sake This charitable deed of hirs deserued a deuout mind to God ward and a thankfull hart to hir But good soule how was she recompensed Euen murthered in hir bed by the hands of that villaine whome so bountifullie she succoured and motherlike tendered Unto which bloudie fact which was a preparatiue to a further mischeefe bred in his vnnaturall hart he added another offense for when he had dispatched the woman vsing the riddance of hir to his aduantage and as he had obteined oportunitie to his thinking he conueied all that she had awaie with him for his owne releefe Then being persecuted with guiltinesse of conscience which troubleth offendors with ceaslesse vexations and forceth them from place to place to séeke corners of euasion and shift he tooke priuilege of holie church at saint Georges in Southwarke where laieng hands on the crosse as a shield of sufficient safegard he abiured this land and by that meanes thought himselfe frée from afterclaps Neuerthelesse God whose mercifull nature abhorreth the effusion of mans bloud prepared a punishment for the malefactor who passing through the suburbs of London without Algate the place where he had committed the murther the women of the same parish and stréet as it were inraged came out with stones staues kenell doong and other things wherewith they so bethwackt him on all parts of his bodie that they laid him a stretching and rid him quite of life In the wreking of this their teene they were so fell and fierce that the constables with their assistants which were no small number dooing what they could by their authoritie and maine strength were not able to rescue him out of the womens hands who had sworne in their hearts as it séemed by the maner of their reuenge which was void of all mercie to sée the end of such a villaine as most vnnaturallie had slaine a woman a neighbour a widow a pitifull woman a good neighbour an honest widow the wretch himselfe being a fugitiue a stranger borne a begger and he to whome she shewed hir selfe the staffe of his support O singular ingratitude which nature abhorreth law dissalloweth heauen disclaimeth line 10 God detesteth humanitie condemneth and euerie good bodie to the verie death defieth as the old distichon excellentlie and with good sense noteth Lex natura coelum Deus omnia iura Damnant ingratum moerent illum quoque natum But to returne to the affaires of king Henrie who in the moneth of Nouember remooued from Rone to Pontoise and so to saint Denis to the intent to make his entrie into Paris and there to be sacred king of France There were in his companie of his line 20 owne nation his vncle the cardinall of Winchester the cardinall and archbishop of Yorke the dukes of Bedford Yorke and Norffolke the earles of Warwike Salisburie Oxenford Huntington Ormond Mortaigne and Suffolke Of Gascoigns there were the earles of Longuille and Marche besides manie other noble men of England Guien and Normandie And the chéefe of the French nation were the dukes of Burgognie and Lewes of Lutzenburgh cardinall and chancellor of France for king Henrie line 30 the bishops of Beauuois and Noion both péeres of France beside the bishop of Paris and diuerse other bishops the earle of Uaudemount and other noble men whose names were superfluous to rehearse And he had in a gard about his person three thousand price archers some on horssebacke and part on foot To speake with what honour he was receiued into the citie of Paris what pageants were prepared and how richlie the gates streets and bridges on euerie line 40 side were hanged with costlie clothes of arras tapestrie it would be too long a processe and therefore I doo héere passe it ouer with silence On the seauentéenth daie of December he was crowned king of France in our ladie church of Paris by the cardinall of Winchester the bishop of Paris not being contented that the cardinall should doo such an high ceremonie in his church and iurisdiction After all the ceremonies were finished the king returned toward the palace hauing one crowne on his head and another line 50 borne before him and one scepter in his hand and the second borne before him As touching other the roiall seruices and princelie appointments they are verie diligentlie at large set out in the French chronicle of that time This coronation of the king Anglorum praelia as manie other good and memorable matters so this also he hath noted saieng thereof in comelie breuitie and truth as after followeth Aeternae famae paulo post rege sepulto Parisijs diadema vias compita circum line 60 Iunior Henricus portat lepidissimus infans This high and ioious feast passed not without some spot of displeasure among the English nobilitie for the cardinall of Winchester which at this time would haue no man be equall with him commanded the duke of Bedford to leaue off the name of regent during the time that the king was in France affirming the cheefe ruler being in presence the authoritie of the substitute to be cleerelie derogate according to the common saieng In the presence of the higher power the smaller giueth place The duke of Bedford tooke such a secret displeasure with this dooing that he neuer after fauoured the cardinall but stood against him in all things that he would haue forward This was the root as some haue thought of that diuision amongst the English nobilitie where through their glorie within the realme of France began first to decline The next daie after the solemne feast of the kings coronation were kept triumphant iusts and torneis in the which the earle of Arundell and the bastard of S. Paule by the iudgement of the ladies woone the price The king kept open hall the space of fiue daies to all commers and after bicause the aire of Paris séemed contrarie to his pure complexion by the aduise of his councell he remooued to Rone where he kept his Christmasse But before his departure from Paris the noble men as well of France and Normandie did to him homage and the common people sware to him fealtie In this meane time
his businesse about the kéeping of the crowne on his head tooke no better successe except peraduenture ye will saie that it gréeued him for that such slaughters and mischéeues as had chanced within this land came to passe onelie through his follie and default in gouernment or that more is for his fathers his grandfathers and his owne vniust vsurping and deteining line 40 of the crowne But howsoeuer it was for these before remembred and other the like properties of reputed holinesse which was said to rest in him it pleased God to worke miracles for him in his life time as men haue listed to report By reason whereof king Henrie the seauenth sued to Pope Iulio the second to haue him canonized a saint But for that the canonizing of a king séemed to be more costlie than for a bishop the said king left off his sute in that behalfe thinking better to saue his monie than to purchase a new holie daie of line 50 saint Henrie with so great a price remitting to God the iudgement of his will and intent ¶ But bicause princes princelie qualified can not be too highlie praised I will here record a collection of his commendable conditions dooings and saiengs as I find them set downe to my hand to his perpetuall renowme and right worthie of imitation not onelie of such as are singled out from among infinite thousands to be magnified with roialtie but also of priuat line 60 and meane men that conuerse and liue one with an other in the world This king hauing inioied as great prosperitie as fauourable fortune could afoord as great troubles on the other side as she frowning could powre out yet in both the states he was patient and vertuous that he maie be a patterne of most perfect vertue as he was a worthie example of fortunes inconstancie He was plaine vpright farre from fraud wholie giuen to praier reading of scriptures and almes-deeds of such integritie of life that the bishop which had béene his confessour ten yeares auouched that he had not all that time committed anie mortall crime so continent as suspicion of vnchast life neuer touched him and hauing in Christmasse a shew of yoong women with their bare breasts laid out presented before him he immediatlie departed with these words Fie fie for shame forsooth you be too blame Before his marriage he liked not that women should enter his chamber and for this respect he committed his two brethren by the moothers side Iasper and Edmund to most honest vertuous prelats to be brought vp So farre he was from couetousnesse that when the executors of his vncle the bishop of Winchester surnamed the rich cardinall would haue giuen him two thousand pounds he plainelie refused it willing them to discharge the will of the departed and would scarselie condescend at length to accept the same summe of monie toward the indowing of his colleges in Cambridge Eaton He was religiouslie affected as the time then was that at principall holidaies he would weare sackecloth next his skin Oth he vsed none but in most earnest matters these words Forsooth and forsooth He was so pitifull that when he saw the quarter of a traitor against his crowne ouer Criplegate he willed it to be taken awaie with these words I will not haue anie christian so cruellie handled for my sake Manie great offenses he willinglie pardoned and receiuing at a time a great blow by a wicked man which compassed his death he onelie said Forsooth forsooth yée doo fowlie to smite a king annointed so An other also which thrust him into the side with a sword when he was prisoner in the Tower was by him pardoned when he was restored to his state and kingdome Not long before his death being demanded whie he had so long held the crowne of England vniustlie he replied My father was king of England quietlie inioieng the crowne all his reigne and his father my grandsire was also king of England and I euen a child in my cradell was proclamed and crowned king without anie interruption and so held it fortie yeares well-neere all the states dooing homage vnto me as to my antecessors wherefore I maie saie with king Dauid The lot is fallen vnto me in a faire ground yea I haue a goodlie heritage my helpe is from the Lord which saueth the vpright in heart This good king being of himselfe alwaies naturallie inclined to doo good and fearing least he might séeme vnthankefull to almightie God for his great benefits bestowed vpon him since the time he first tooke vpon him the regiment of his realme determined about the six and twentith yeare of his reigne for his primer notable worke as by the words of his will I find expressed to erect and found two famous colledges in the honor and worship of his holy name and for the increase of vertue the dilatation of cunning and establishment of christian faith whereof the one in Cambridge to be called his colledge roiall of our ladie and saint Nicholas and the other at Gaton beside Windsore to be called his colledge of our blessed ladie And for the performance of this his deuout purpose he infeoffed certeine bishops with other noble and worshipfull personages by his letters patents with lands and possessions parcell of his inheritance of the duchie of Lancaster to the cleare value of well néere foure thirtie hundred pounds by yéere Which letters patents he after confirmed by his act of parlement declaring also by his will vnto his said feoffées his intent and meaning how the same shuld be imploied vpon the edifications of his said two colledges Whereof in my iudgement the deuise is so excellent and the buildings so princelie and apt for that purpose as I cannot omit to set foorth vnto you the verie plot of the whole colledge in Cambridge euen as I find mentioned almost verbatim in his will supposing that if the rest of the house had procéeded according to the chappell alreadie finished as his full intent and meaning was the like colledge could scant haue béene found againe in anie christian land The words of the will are thus As touching the dimensions of the church of my said colledge of our ladie and S. Nicholas of Cambridge I haue deuised and appointed that the same church shall conteine in length 288 foot of assise without line 10 anie Iles and all of the widenesse of fortie foot And the length of the same church from the west end vnto the altars at the quiere doore shall conteine an hundred and twentie foot And from the prouosts stall vnto the gréece called Gradus chori ninetie foot for thirtie six stalles on either side of the same quiere answering to threescore and ten fellowes and ten priests conducts which must be De prima forma And from the said stalles vnto the east end of the said church threescore two foot of assise Also a reredosse bearing the line 20 roodloft departing the quiere
méet for such a dalieng pastime When this communication was merilie ended the French king intending to shew himselfe like a maister amongst his seruants made all his companie to draw backe from him meaning to commune with the king of England secretlie The Englishmen withdrew them without any commandement Then the two kings communed alone secretlie I thinke not to the profit of the constable of France The French king demanded of king Edward whether the duke of Burgognie would accept the truce King Edward answered that he would once againe make an offer and then vpon the refusall he would referre and report the truth to them both Then king Lewes began to speake of the duke of Britaine whome he would faine haue excepted out of the league To whom the king of England answered Brother I require you to mooue no warre to the duke of Britaine for on my fidelitie in the time of my néed and aduersitie I neuer found a more friendlie sure and stedfast louer than he Then king Lewes called his companie againe and with most lowlie and amiable commendations tooke his leaue of the king of England speaking certeine friendlie words to euerie Englishman king Edward dooing likewise to the Frenchmen Then both at one time departed from the barriers mounted on horssebacke and departed the French king to Amiens and king Edward to his armie To whom was sent out of the French kings house all things necessarie for a prince insomuch that neither torches nor torchets lacked vnsent When the French king was departed from Picquenie he called to him the lord of Argenton saieng By the peace of God the king of England is an amorous and a faire prince he at the first becke would gladlie see Paris where he might fortune to find such pleasant and talkatiue dames which with faire words pleasant pastimes might so allure him to their fantasies that it might breed occasion in him to come ouer the sea againe which I would not gladlie see For his progenitors haue beene too long and too often both in Paris and Normandie On this side the sea I loue neither his sight nor his companie but when he is at home I loue him as my brother and take him as my friend The French king after this departing sore desired to make warre on the duke of Britaine which he could not doo except he were left out of the treatie Wherefore he sent the lord of Bouchage and the lord of saint Pierre to the king of England intreating him by all waies and motions possible to leaue the duke of Britaine for his alie and not to haue him comprehended in the league The king of England hearing them so seriouslie and so feruentlie speake against the duke of Britaine with an earnest countenance answered saieng My lords I assure you if I were peaceablie at home in my realme yet for the defense of the duke of Britaine and his countrie I would passe the seas againe against all them that line 10 either would doo him iniurie or make warre vpon him The French lords nothing further saieng much maruelled why the king of England so suerlie claue to the duke of Britains partie but they knew not or else at the least remembred not that Henrie earle of Richmond was within the power and dominion of the duke of Britaine whome king Edwards phantasie euer gaue him would make once a title to the crowne of England as next heire to the house of line 20 Lancaster For he knew well that if the duke of Britaine would transport him into England where hée had both kinsfolks and friends with neuer so small an aid yea though it were but the shadow of an armie then were he inforced newlie to begin againe a conquest as though he had neuer woone the crowne nor obteined the possession of the realme which was the verie cause why he stucke so fore to the duke of Britains part The same night the lords returned to Amiens and line 30 reported to their maister king Edwards answer who therewith was not the best pleased But pleasure or displeasure there was no remedie but to dissemble the matter This same night also there came the lord Howard and two other of the king of Englands councell who had béene coadiutors toward the peace to the French king to supper The lord Howard said to the French king secretlie in his eare that if it stood with his pleasure he could persuade the king of England to come to Amiens yea peraduenture as farre as Paris familiarlie and line 40 friendlie to solace himselfe with him as his trustie friend and faithfull brother The French king to whom this motion was nothing pleasant calling for water washed and rose without anie answer making but he said to one of his councell that he imagined in his owne conceipt that this request would be made The Englishmen began againe to commune of that matter the Frenchmen politikelie brake their communication saieng that the king line 50 with all celeritie must march forward against the duke of Burgognie Although this motion séemed onelie to increase loue and continuall amitie betwéene the princes yet the Frenchmen hauing in their perfect remembrance the innumerable damages and hurts which they of late daies had susteined by the English nation whereby continuall hatred increased against them in France thought by policie and wisedome with faire words and friendlie countenance to put line 60 by this request and to motion them rather to depart homeward than to pricke them forward to Paris where peraduenture they might be so interteined at this time that they would at another come thither both vndesired and vnwelcomed This peace was said to be made onelie by the Holie-ghost bicause that on the daie of méeting a white dooue sat on the top of the king of Englands tent whether she sate there to drie hir or came thither as a â—oken giuen by God I referre it to your iudgment At this treatie and méeting was not the duke of Glocester nor other lords which were not content with this truce but the duke came afterwards to Amiens with diuerse other lords of England to the French king which both highlie feasted them and also presented them with plate and horsses well garnished King Lewes considering what gaine the Englishmen had gotten by making warre in France and what miserie what calamitie and what pouertie the French nation had suffered and manie yeares susteined by reason of the said warres determined clearelie rather to pacifie and interteine the English nation by faire words and great rewards although it were to his great charge than by too much hardinesse to put himselfe his nobilitie realme in hazard by giuing them battell as his predecessors had vnwiselie doone at Poitiers and at Agincourt Wherefore to buie peace he granted king Edward for a yearelie tribute fiftie thousand crownes to be paied at London which accounting a crowne at foure shillings amounteth to ten thousand pounds And to haue the fauour
a little groue adioining to the mansion of Humfreie Banaster and in great hast and euill speed conueied him apparelled in a pilled blacke cloake to the towne of Shrewesburie where king Richard then kept his houshold Whether this Banaster bewraied line 60 the duke more for feare than couetous manie men doo doubt but sure it is that shortlie after he had betraied the duke his master his sonne and heire waxed mad so died in a bores stie his eldest daughter of excellent beautie was suddenlie striken with a foule leprosie his second sonne maruellouslie deformed of his lims and made lame his yoonger sonne in a small puddle was strangled and drowned and he being of extreame age arreigned and found guiltie of a murther and by his cleargie saued And as for his thousand pounds K. Richard gaue him not one farthing saieng that he which would be vntrue to so good a maister would be false to all other howbeit some saie that he had a small office or a farme to stop his mouth withall The duke being by certeine of the kings councell diligentlie vpon interrogatories examined what things he knew preiudiciall vnto the kings person opened and declared franklie and fréelie all the coniuration without dissembling or glosing trusting bicause he had trulie and plainelie reuealed and confessed all things that were of him required that he should haue licence to speake to the king which whether it were to sue for pardon and grace or whether he being brought to his presence would haue sticked him with a dagger as men then iudged he sore desired and required But when he had confessed the whole fact conspiracie vpon All soules daie without arreigment or iudgement he was at Salisburie in the open market place on a new scaffold beheaded and put to death This death as a reward the duke of Buckingham receiued at the hands of king Richard whom he before in his affaires purposes and enterprises had holpen susteined and set forward aboue all Gods forbode By this all men may easilie perceiue that he not onelie loseth both his labour trauell and industrie and further staineth and spotteth his line with a perpetuall ignominie and reproch which in euill and mischiefe assisteth and aideth an euill disposed person considering for the most part that he for his freendlie fauour should receiue some great displeasure or importunate chance Beside that God of his iustice in conclusion appointed to him a condigne paine and affliction for his merits and deserts Auailable therefore and for his best aduantage had it béene to haue followed the wise counsell of him that willed him and such as he to kéepe them from the man that hath power to slaie so shalt thou doubt saith he the feare of death And if thou come vnto him make no fault least he take awaie thy life remember that thou goest in the middest of snares that thou walkest vpon the towers of the citie Which aduise a learned man in good place and necessarie seruice about the prince neatlie comprised in these few veries Vtere principibus modicé nimis esse propinquus Si cupis in vitae multa pericla rues Situa te fortuna facit seruire potenti Dispice ne titubes atque repentè cadas Sollicicè vigiles laquei sunt vndiquefusi Turribus in summis es situs ergo caue While these things were thus handled and ordered in England Henrie earle of Richmond prepared an armie of fiue thousand manlie Britons and fortie well furnished ships When all things were prepared in a readinesse and the daie of departing and setting forward was appointed which was the twelfe daie of the moneth of October the whole armie went on shipbord and halsed vp their sailes and with a prosperous wind tooke the sea But toward night the wind changed and the weather turned and so huge and terrible a tempest so suddenlie arose that with the verie power and strength of the storme the ships were disparkled seuered separated asunder some by force were driuen into Normandie some were compelled to returne againe into Britaine The ship wherein the earle of Richmond was associat onelie with one other barke was all night tossed and turmoiled In the morning after when the rage of the furious tempest was asswaged and the ire of blustering wind was some deale appeased about the houre of noone the same daie the earle approched to the south part of the realme of England euen at the mouth of the hauen of Pole in the countie of Dorset where he might plainelie perceiue all the sea bankes shores garnished and furnished with men of warre and souldiers appointed and deputed there to defend his arriuall and landing as before is mentioned Wherefore he gaue streict charge and sore commandement that no person should once presume to take land and go to shore vntill such time as the whole nauie were assembled and come togither And while he taried and lingered he sent out a shipboate toward the land side to know whether they which stood there in such a number and so well furnished in apparell defensiue were his foes and enimies or else his fréends and comfortors They that were sent to inquire were instantlie desired of the men of warre keeping the coast which line 10 thereof were before instructed admonished to descend and take land affirming that they were appointed by the duke of Buckingham there to await and tarie for the arriuall and landing of the earle of Richmond and to conduct him safelie into the campe where the duke not far of laie incamped with a mightie armie and an host of great strength and power to the intent that the duke and the earle ioining in puissances and forces togither might prosecute and chase king Richard being destitute of men and in maner line 20 desperate and so by that meanes and their owne labours to obteine the end of their enterprise which they had before begun The earle of Richmond suspecting their flattering request to be but a fraud as it was in déed after he perceiued none of his ships to appeare in sight he weied vp his anchors halsed vp his sailes hauing a prosperous and streinable wind and a fresh gale sent euen by God to deliuer him from that perill and ieopardie arriued safe and in all securitie in the duchie line 30 of Normandie where he to refresh and solace his soldiers and people tooke his recreation by the space of thrée daies and cléerelie determined with part of his companie to passe all by land againe into Britaine And in the meane season he sent ambassadors to the French king called Charles the eight which newlie succéeded his father king Lewes the eleuenth not long before departed to God requiring of him a safe conduct and licence to passe thorough his countrie of Normandie into Britaine line 40 This yoong king hauing compassion of the misfortune of the earle of Richmond not onelie gentlie granted and assigned
The fiue and twentith daie of Aprill was proclamed that the kings grace ratified all the pardons granted by his father and also pardoned all such persons as were then in sute for anie offense whatsoeuer it was treason murther and fellonie onelie excepted And now whereas the performance of the deceassed kings will was thought right expedient with all spéed to be performed a proclamation was also set foorth and published thorough the realme that if anie man could prooue himselfe to be hurt and depriued of his goods wrongfullie by the commissioners of the forfeitures he should come and present his plaâ—nt to the king being readie to satisfie euerie one of all iniuries susteined After this proclamation was notified abroad all such as had béene constreined either by right or by wrong as Polydor saith to paie anie thing for anie forfeitures of lawes and customes by them transgressed came flocking to the court there declared their gréefs in what sort they had wrongfullie béene compelled as they surmised to paie this or that summe The councell heard euerie mans complaint and such as were found to haue paid anie thing without plaine proofe of iust cause they tooke such order for them that they had their monie againe Which being once knowne it was a strange thing to sée how thicke other came in yea euen those that had béene worthilie fined punished for their disorderlie transgressions making earnest sute for restitution feining and forging manie things to make their cause séeme good and to stand with equitie And the better to be heard in their sute they made friends as well with bribes and large gifts as otherwise leauing no waies vnassaied to compasse their desires Which gréedines in such multitude of suters brought the commissioners and others that had delt in the forfeitures into danger and did themselues no good for the councell perceiuing that it was not possible to satisfie them all refused to heare anie further complaints or sutes for restitution but thought it best to commit those to prison by whom the complainants pretended themselues to haue beene wronged And herevpon was sir Richard Empson knight and Edmund Dudleie esquier great councellors to the late king attached and brought to the Tower thereby to quiet mens minds that made such importunate sute to haue their monie againe restored which in the late kings daies they had béene compelled to disburse thorough the rigorous procéedings as they alleged of the said two councellors and others Trulie great exclamation was made against them as often happeneth that where anie thing is doone contrarie to the liking of the people those that be dealers vnder the prince and by his commandement procéed in the execution thereof run in hatred of the multitude But how so euer it was their apprehension and committing to prison was thought by the wise to be procured by the malice of them that line 10 in the late kings daies were offended with their authoritie Shortlie after as Edward Hall saith were apprehended diuerse other persons that were called promoters as Canbie Page Smith Derbie Wright Simson and Stocton of which the more part ware papers and stood on the pillorie And as an other saith who termeth them ringleaders of false quests in London they rode about the citie with their faces to the horsses tailes and papers on their heads and after they had beene set on the pillorie in Cornehill line 20 they were brought againe to Newgate where they died all within seauen daies after for verie shame When all things were prepared readie for the funerall of the late king his corps with all sumptuous pompe and solemne ceremonies was conueied from Richmond to saint Georges field where the clergie of the citie met it and at the bridge the maior and his brethren with manie commoners all clothed in blacke likewise met it and gaue their attendance on line 30 the same thorough the citie to the cathedrall church of saint Paule where was soong a solemne dirige and masse and a sermon made by the bishop of Rochester Iohn Fisher. The next daie the corps was had to Westminster and there the daie following put into the earth with all due solemnities as apperteined Notwithstanding this breefe remembrance of king Henries solemne funerall might seeme sufficient in the iudgement of some without further amplification yet bicause it is good in others opinion and line 40 those not of meanest wit to set downe things of state at large if conuenient helps thereto maie be had therefore you shall haue the whole solemnitie of the said roiall funerall as it is found recorded by Edward Hall After that all things saith he necessarie for the interrement and funerall pompe of the late king were sumptuouslie prepared and doone the corps of the said deceassed king was brought out of his priuie chamber into the great chamber where he rested line 50 thrée daies and euerie daie had there dirige and masse soong by a prelat mitred From thense he was conueied into the hall where he was also three daies and had like seruice there and so thrée daies in the chappell And in euerie of these thrée places was a hearse of wax garnished with baners and nine mourners giuing their attendance all the seruice time and euerie daie they offered and euerie place hanged with blacke cloth Upon Wednesdaie the ninth daie of Maie the corps was put into a charriot couered line 60 with blacke cloth of gold drawne with fiue great coursers all couered with blacke veluet garnished with cushins of fine gold and ouer the corps was an image or representation of the late king laied on cushins of gold and the said image was apparelled in the kings rich robes of estate with a crowne on the head with ball and scepter in the hands the charriot was garnished with baners and pencels of the armes of his dominions titles and genealogies When the charriot was thus ordered the kings chappell and a great number of prelats set forward praieng Then followed all the kings seruants in blacke then followed the charriot and after the charriot nine mourners and on euerie side were caried long torches short to the number of six hundred in this order they came to saint Georges field from Richmond There met with them all the préests and clerks and religious men within the citie without which went formost before the K. chappell The maior and his brethren with manie commoners all clothed in blacke met with the corps at London bridge and so gaue their attendance on the same through the citie And in good order the companies passed thorough the citie whereof the stréets on euerie side were set with long torches and on the stals stood yoong children holding tapers so with great reuerence the charriot was brought to the cathedrall church of S. Paule where the bodie was taken out and caried into the quire and set vnder a goodlie hearse of war garnished with baners
and thrée hundred thousand to bée defalked of the portion and to paie thrée hundred thousand more in the space of twelue yeares The French king also was bound that if the peace and the parentage folowed not to render vp againe into the hands of the English the towne of Tornaie Manie ambassadours were sent from both the realmes to negociat this league and to receiue the ratifications and othes by whome in the courts of both the kings the acts of the accord were dispatched with great solemnitie and ceremonie with a resolution of an interuiew of both the kings betwéene Calis and Bullongne immediatlie after the restitution of Tornaie About the same time the daughter of the French king appointed to be married to the king of Spaine being dead the former peace and capitulation was eftsoones reconfirmed betwéene them wherein was promised the marriage of the second daughter of France Both the kings celebrated this coniunction with most great demonstrations of perfect amitie for the king of Spaine hauing paied in at Lions an hundred thousand duckets ware publikelie the order of saint Michaell vpon the day of the celebration of the same and in recompense of that honour the French king vpon the daie dedicated to saint Andrew was honorablie attired in the robes and colour of the golden fléece About this time Iohn Ia. Triuulce whome neither old age reduced almost to the last time nor his vertue so oftentimes expressed in the seruice of the truce of France could anie waie aid or comfort being both ambicious and impatient and therefore enuied following the French court fell sicke at Charters where he gaue vp to the king his innocencie and complaints and made to God the last reckoning of his aged daies He was a man in the iudgement of manie and confirmed by sundrie experiences of singular valour in the discipline of warre and ran a race alwaies opposed to the inconstancie of fortune who according to hir mutabilitie made him feele the operation of both hir humors sometimes reioising in hir fauour and erst againe finding hir sowre and of a bitter tast By his commandement were written vpon his toome these words not disagreeable to the variable condition and course of his naturall life I find the rest within my graue Which in my life I could not haue In this yeare the twelfe of Februarie died the emperour Maximilian for whome the king caused a solemne obsequie to be kept in Poules church ¶ Hée died at Luiz a towne vpon the marches of Austrich where he remained for his delight and plesure in hunting the wild bore and other chases of the field He liued alwaies vnder one condition of fortune who manie times fauoured him in offering him manie faire occasions as often wrought against him in not suffering him to take the fruit and effect of line 10 them He was by nature inconstant and remooueable and had conceipts and impressions verie ill disposed and different from the iudgement of other men ioined to an excessiue prodigalitie and dissipation of monie Matters which cut off from him the effects and successe of all occasions being otherwise a prince most perfect and instructed in the ordering of warre secret to laie and dispose a plot diligent to follow it of bodie able and suffering of mind affable and easie line 20 and replenished with manie other excellent gifts and ornaments Unto some of these properties the good seruice which he did the king of England at Terwin giueth proofe at what time both he and his people marched vnder the English ensigne and receiued paie as stipendarie souldiors whose wages the king had a care to paie as maie appeare by his coining of siluer monie whereof was scarsitie in his campe in respect of gold wherewith the souldiors were well stored as one dooth verie well make report saieng line 30 Pro mercede nihil nisifuluum soluitur aurum Auri militibus radiantis copia totis Tanta fuit castris vt rex cudisse coactus Nummum exargento fuerit Assoone as the emperour was dead the French king and the king of Spaine began manifestlie to aspire to the empire the purchase whereof albeit was a matter of right great importance and no lesse the emulation running betwéene two so mightie princes yet they ordered their ambition with great modestie line 40 neither vsing words of iniurie nor threats of armes but either one labouring by his authoritie by his meanes to draw on his side the electors The French king sundrie times reasoned touching the election with great comelinesse with the Spanish ambassadours to whom he said it was a matter both agréeable and conuenient that either of them seuerallie should séeke by honest meanes to increase the honour of his house by so great a dignitie which for that in times before had bene transferred into the families of their predecessours there was now the lesse line 50 occasion to bréed betwéene them two matter of iniurie nor diminution of their amitie and good will But rather he wished that in the action of the empire they might follow the example and order of two yoong louers who albeit they follow the quest of one ladie and either one laboureth by his industrie to carie hir yet they forbere to come to contention The king of Spaine alluded with good right that the empire apperteined to him as hauing continued by a long succession of time in the house of Austrich and line 60 that it had not béene the custome of the electors to depriue the issue of the emperour without manifest cause of their disabilitie neither was there anie in Germanie of that puissance and authoritie to make him equall to stand competitor with him in that election And least of all did he hold it iust or likelie that the electors would transport to a forreine or strange prince so great a dignitie continued by so manie ages in the nation of Germanie And albeit some particular amongst them either through the insinuation of monie or other propertie of corruption might be allured to another intention yet he hoped to stop him with force prepared in time conuenient not doubting also but the other electors also would oppose against him and the princes and frée townes of Germanie would not indure so vniuersall an infamie speciallie to suffer it to be laid vpon the person of the French king which would be no other thing than to make great the puissance of a king enimie vnto their nation and from whome there was no suertie that the imperiall dignitie would euer returne into Germanie he thought it would be an action easie to obteine and reduce to perfection that which had bin solicited by his grandfather who had alreadie compounded for recompenses and donations and other diuidents for euerie of the electors On the other side the desire of the French king was as great and no lesse were his hopes which tooke their principall foundation vpon an opinion he had to corrupt
can find in England they are not for my profit What thinke you my lords will anie Englishman counsell me or be fréend to me against the K. pleasure that is his subiect Naie forsooth And as for my counsell in whom I will put my trust they be not here they be in Spaine in my owne countrie And my lords I am a poore woman lacking wit to answer to anie such noble persons of wisedome as you be in so weightie a matter therefore I praie you be good to me poore woman destitute of fréends here in a forren region and your counsell also I will be glad to heare And therewith she tooke the cardinall by the hand and led him into hir priuie chamber with the other cardinall where they tarried a season talking with the quéene Which communication ended they departed to the king making to him relation of hir talke Thus this case went forward from court to court till it came to iudgement so that euerie man expected that iudgment would be giuen the next day At which daie the king came thither and set him downe in a chaire within a doore in the end of the gallerie which opened directlie against the iudgement seat to heare the iudgement giuen at which time all their proceedings were red in Latine That doone the kings councell at the barre called for iudgement With that quoth cardinall Campeius I will not giue iudgement till I haue made relation to the pope of all our procéedings whose counsell and commandement in this case I will obserue the case is verie doubtfull and also the partie defendant will make no answer here but dooth rather appeale from vs supposing that we be not indifferent Wherfore I will adiourne this court for this time according to the order of the court of Rome And with that the court was dissolued and no more doone This protracting of the conclusion of the matter king Henrie tooke verie displeasantlie Then cardinall Campeius tooke his leaue of the king and nobilitie and returned towards Rome Whilest these things were thus in hand the cardinall of Yorke was aduised that the king had set his affection vpon a yoong gentlewoman named Anne the daughter of sir Thomas Bullen vicount Rochford which did wait vpon the quéene This was a great griefe vnto the cardinall as he that perceiued aforehand that the king would marie the said gentlewoman if the diuorse tooke place Wherfore he began with all diligence to disappoint that match which by reason of the misliking that he had to the woman he iudged ought to be auoided more than present death While the matter stood in this state and that the cause of the quéene was to be heard and iudged at Rome by reason of the appeale which by hir was put in the cardinall required the pope by line 10 letters and secret messengers that in anie wise he should defer the iudgement of the diuorse till he might frame the kings mind to his purpose Howbeit he went about nothing so secretlie but that the same came to the kings knowledge who tooke so high displeasure with such his cloked dissimulation that he determined to abase his degrée sith as an vnthankefull person he forgot himselfe and his dutie towards him that had so highlie aduanced him to all honor and dignitie When the nobles of the line 20 realme perceiued the cardinall to be in displeasure they began to accuse him of such offenses as they knew might be proued against him and thereof they made a booke conteining certeine articles to which diuerse of the kings councell set their hands The king vnderstanding more plainlie by those articles the great pride presumption and couetousnesse of the cardinall was sore mooued against him but yet kept his purpose secret for a while Shortlie after a parlement was called to begin at Westminster the line 30 third of Nouember next insuing In the meane time the king being informed that all those things that the cardinall had doone by his power legantine within this realme were in the case of the premunire and prouision caused his atturneie Christopher Hales to sue out a writ of premunire against him in the which he licenced him to make his atturneie ¶ And further the seuentéenth of Nouember the king sent the two dukes of Norffolke and Suffolke to the cardinals place at Westminster line 40 who went as they were commanded and finding the cardinall there they declared that the kings pleasure was that he should surrender vp the great seale into their hands and to depart simplie vnto Asher which was an house situat nigh vnto Hampton court belonging to the bishoprike of Winchester The cardinall demanded of them their commission that gaue them such authoritie who answered againe that they were sufficient commissioners and had authoritie to doo no lesse by the kings line 50 mouth Notwithstanding he would in no wise agrée in that behalfe without further knowledge of their authoritie saieng that the great seale was deliuered him by the kings person to inioy the ministration thereof with the roome of the chancellor for the terme of his life whereof for his suertie he had the kings letters patents This matter was greatlie debated betwéene them with manie great words in so much that the dukes were faine to depart againe without their purpose and rode to Windsore to the king and made report line 60 accordinglie but the next daie they returned againe bringing with them the kings letters Then the cardinall deliuered vnto them the great seale and was content to depart simplie taking with him nothing but onelie certeine prouision for his house and after long talke betwéene him and the dukes they departed with the great seale of England and brought the same to the king Then the cardinall called all his officers before him and tooke accompt of them for all such stuffe whereof they had charge And in his gallerie were set diuerse tables wherevpon laie a great number of goodlie rich stuffe as whole péeces of silke of all colours veluet sattin damaske taffata grograine and other things Also there laie a thousand peeces of fine Holland cloth There was laid on euerie table bookes reporting the contents of the same and so was there inuentaries of all things in order against the kings comming He caused to be hanged the walles of the gallerie on the one side with cloth of gold cloth of tissue cloth of siluer and rich cloth of bodken of diuerse colours On the other side were hanged the richest sute of coapes of his owne prouision made for his colleges of Oxford and Ipswich that euer were séene in England Then had he two chambers adioining to the gallerie the one most commonlie called the gilt chamber and the other the councell chamber wherein were set vp two broad and long tables vpon trestles whervpon was set such a number of plate of all sorts as was almost incredible In the gilt chamber were set out
chappell as he crossed ouer the stréet from his house to the church was suddenlie murthered with a gun the cracke whereof was heard of the line 30 neighbors and of a great number of laborers that stood at Soper lane end and saw the said Packington go foorth of his house but there was such a thicke mist that morning as the like had not béene séene by couert whereof the murtherer found shift the more easilie to escape Manie were suspected but none found in fault albeit forsomuch as he was one that would speake his mind freelie and was at the same time one of the burgesses of the parlement for the citie of London line 40 and had talked somewhat against the couetousnesse and crueltie practised by the cleargie it was mistrusted least by some of them he came thus to his end At length the murtherer in déed was condemned at Banburie in Oxfordshire to die for a fellonie which he afterwards committed and when he came to the gallowes on which he suffered he confessed that he did this murther and till that time he was neuer had in anie suspicion thereof ¶ The nine and twentith of March were twelue of the Lincolneshire rebels line 50 drawne to Tiburne and there hanged and quartered fiue of them were priests the residue laie men One of the priests was doctor Makarell and an other was the vicar of Louth About this season the maner of casting pipes of lead for the conueiance of water vnder the ground without occupieng of soulder to the same was inuented by Robert Brocke clearke then one of the kings chapleins an inuention right necessarie for the sauing of expenses for two men and a boie will line 60 doo that in one daie which before could not be doone by manie men in manie daies Robert Cooper goldsmith was the first that made the instruments and put this inuention in practise ¶ In the verie beginning of this yeare certeine commissioners being sent into Summersetshire to take vp corne the people began to make an insurrection but by the wisedome and diligence of yoong master Paulet others the same was suppressed and the beginners thereof to the number of thréescore were apprehended condemned and fourtéene of them were hanged and quartered one of the number being a woman the residue were saued by the kings mercifull pardon In Iune the lord Darcie the lord Huseie were arreigned at Westminster before the marquesse of Excester then high steward where they were found guiltie and had iudgement as in cases of high treason Shortlie after also were arreigned sir Robert Constable sir Thomas Persie sir Francis Bigod sir Stephan Hamilton sir Iohn Bulmer and his wife or rather as some report his paramour also William Lomleie Nicholas Tempest William Thurst abbat of Founteins Adam Subburie abbat of Ierueux William Wold prior of Birlington also the abbat of Riuers and Robert Aske They were all found guiltie of high treason and all put to death Sir Robert Constable was hanged in chains ouer Beuerleie gate at Hull and Robert Aske was also hanged in chains on a tower at Yorke and Margaret Cheineie sir Iohn Bulmers paramour burnt in Smithfield in London The other suffered at Tiburne In the latter end of Iune was the lord Darcie beheaded at the Tower hill and shortlie after the lord Huseie was likewise beheaded at Lincolne This yeare at saint Georges feast was the lord Cromwell made knight of the garter In October on saint Edwards euen which falleth on the twelft of that moneth at Hampton court the quéene was deliuered of hir sonne named Edward for whose birth great ioie was made thorough the realme with thanksgiuing to almightie God who had sent such a yoong prince to succéed his father in the crowne of this realme as afterwards he did by the name of king Edward the sixt His godfathers at the fontstone were the archbishop of Canturburie the duke of Norffolke the ladie Marie was his godmoother and at the bishopping the duke of Suffolke was his godfather On the eightéenth of October he was made prince of Wales duke of Cornewall and erle of Chester But as ioie is often mixed with sorrow so at that time it came to passe by the death of his moother that noble and vertuous ladie queene Iane which departed out of this life the fourteenth daie of this moneth of October to the great griefe of the whole realme but namelie the king hir husband tooke it most grieuouslie of all other who remoouing to Westminster there kept himselfe close a great while after The eight of Nouember the corps of the quéene was caried to Windsor with great solemnitie and there buried in the midst of the quire in the castell church There was also a solemne hearse made for hir in Paules church and funerall exequies celebrated as well as in all other churches within the citie of London Thus was the king left againe a widower and so continued the space of two yeares togither Upon the death of which quéene Iane and the birth of prince Edward hir son this distichon following was made Phoenix Iana iacet nato Phoenice dolendum Saecula Phoenices nulla tulisse duas The king held his Christmas at Gréenewich and as well he as all the court ware mourning apparell till the morrow after Candlemas daie then he and all other changed year 1538 This yeare Edward Seimer vicount Beauchampe the quéenes brother was created earle of Hertford sir William Fitzwilliams lord high admerall was created earle of Southhampton ¶ and master Paulet was made vicetreasuror sir Iohn Russell comptrollor of the kings house master Henedge master Long master Kneuet of the kings priuie chamber knights master Coffin master Liftar master Seimer the quéenes brother knights On Allhallowes euen the lord Thomas Howard brother to the duke of Norffolke died prisoner in the Tower of London and was buried at Thetford and then the ladie Margaret Dowglas was pardoned and released out of the Tower The foure and twentith of Februarie being sundaie the rood of Boxleie in Kent called the rood of grace made with diuerse vices to mooue the eies and lips was shewed at Paules crosse by the preacher which was the bishop of Rochester and there it was broken and plucked in peeces The fiue and twentith of Februarie sir Ihon Allen priest and also an Irish gentleman of the Garets were hanged quartered at Tiburne The second of March the image of the rood called saint Sauior line 10 at Bermonseie abbeie in Southworke was taken downe by the kings commandement The one and twentith of March Henrie Harsam customer of Plimmouth and Thomas Ewell were hanged and quartered at Tiburne In Maie a frier obseruant called frier Forrest was apprehended for that he was knowne in secret confessions to haue declared to manie of the kings liege people that the king was not supreame head of the church
thousand tall yeomen and seruing men well horssed which on their knees made their submission by the mouth of sir Robert Bowes and gaue to the king nine hundred pounds On Barnesdale the archbishop of Yorke with thrée hundred priests and more met the king and making a like submission gaue to him six hundred pounds The like submission was made by the maiors of Yorke Newcastell and Hull and ech of them gaue to the king an hundred pounds After he had béene at Yorke twelue daies he came to Hull where he deuised certeine fortifications This doone he passed ouer the water of Humber and so through Lincolneshire returned toward the south parts and at Alhallowen tide came to Hampton court About the same time the king had knowledge that the quéene liued dissolutelie in vsing the vnlawfull companie of one Francis Diram with whome she had beene too familiar before hir maraiage with the king not meaning to forgo his companie now in time of hir marriage without regard had either to the feare of God or the king hir husband the last summer being in progresse with the king at Pomfret the seuen and twentith of August she reteined the said Francis Diram in hir seruice to the intent she might vse his companie in such vnlawfull sort the more freelie and not satisfied with him she also vsed the vnlawfull companie of Thomas Culpeper esquire one of the gentlemen of the kings priuie chamber as well at Pomfret aforesaid on the nine and twentith and last of August aforesaid and on the first of September as at diuerse other times and places before and after Wherevpon the thirtéenth of Nouember sir Thomas Wriothesleie knight the kings secretarie came to Hampton court vnto the said quéene and called all hir ladies gentlewomen and seruants into hir great chamber there openlie in presence of them all declared hir offenses committed in abusing of hir bodie before hir mariage therwith he discharged hir houshold The morrow after she was conueied to Sion the ladie Bainton and certeine gentlewomen and some of hir seruants being appointed to wait vpon hir there till the kings pleasure might be further knowen Culpeper Diram and others were had to the tower Diram in his examination being charged with the familiaritie which had béene betwixt them before she was married to the king confessed that he and she said quéene had made a precontract togither and that he concealed it for hir preferment in marriage to the king after he vnderstood the king began to cast a liking towards hir The first of December Culpeper and Diram were arreigned at the Guildhall in London before the lord maior sitting there in iudgement as chéefe iudge hauing the lord chancellor vpon his right hand and the duke of Norffolke vpon his left hand the duke of Suffolke the lord priuie seale the earles of Sussex and Hereford with diuerse other of the councell sitting there as iudges in commission that daie the prisoners in the end confessed the indictement and had iudgement to die as in cases of treason The tenth of December the said Culpeper and Diram were drawen from the tower vnto Tiburne and there Culpeper had his head striken off and Diram was hanged dismembred and headed Culpepers bodie was buried in S. Sepulchers church but both their heads were set on London bridge The two and twentith of December were arreigned in line 10 the Kings bench at Westminster the ladie Margaret Howard wife to the lord William Howard Katharine Tilneie Alice Restwold gentlewomen Ioane Bulmer wife to Anthonie Bulmer gentleman Anne Howard wife to Henrie Howard esquier and brother to the late queene Malein Tilneie widow Margaret Benet wife to Iohn Benet gentleman Edward Walgraue gentleman William Ashbie gentleman all these were condemned of misprision of treason for concealing the queenes misdemeanour line 20 And the same daie in the afternoone the lord William Howard and Damport a gentleman were likewise arreigned and condemned of the same offense and as well these as the other were adiudged to lose their goods the profits of their lands during life and to remaine in perpetuall prison The sixtéenth of Ianuarie the parlement began at Westminster in the which the lords and commons exhibited certeine petitions to the king year 1542 First that he would not vex himselfe with the quéenes offense line 30 and that she and the ladie Rochford might be attainted by parlement and to auoid protracting of time they besought him to giue his roiall assent thereto vnder his great seale without staieng for the end of the parlement Also that Diram and Culpeper before attainted by the common law might also be attainted by parlement that Agnes duches of Norffolke and Katharine countesse of Bridgewater hir daughter which for concealing the said offense were committed to the towre and indicted of misprision line 40 the lord William Howard arreigned of the same might likewise be attainted Also that who soeuer had spoken or doone anie thing in detestation of hir naughtie life should be pardoned To these petitions the king granted thanking the commons for that it appéered they tooke his griefe to be theirs wherevpon the quéene and the ladie Rochford were attainted by both the houses On the tenth of Februarie the quéene was conueied from Sion to the towre by water the duke of Suffolke the lord line 50 priuie seale and the lord great chamberleine hauing the conduction of hir The next daie after being saturdaie and the eleuenth of Februarie the king did send his roiall assent by his great seale and then all the lords were in their robes and the common house called vp there the act was read and his assent declared And so on the thirtéenth daie those two ladies were beheaded on the greene within the towre with an ax where they confessed their offenses and died repentant line 60 Before this on the thrée and twentith daie of Ianuarie was the king proclamed king of Ireland as it was enacted both by authoritie of the parlement here and also of an other parlement holden at Dublin in Ireland there begun the thirteenth of Iune last past before sir Anthonie Saintleger knight and the kings deputie there where as till that time the kings of England were onlie intituled lords of Ireland In the beginning of March died sir Arthur Plantagenet vicount Lisle bastard sonne to Edward the fourth in the towre of London vnattainted when he should haue béene deliuered and set at libertie The occasion of his trouble for the which he was committed to the towre rose vpon suspicion that he should be priuie to a practise which some of his men as Philpot and Brindholme executed the last yeare as before ye haue heard had consented vnto for the betraieng of Calis to the French whilest he was the kings lieutenant there But after that by due triall it was knowne that he was nothing
the prisoner The iurie did as they were inioined How saie you is maister Throckmorton knight there prisoner at the bar giltie of the treasons wherof he hath bene indicted and arreigned in maner and forme yea or no No. How saie you did he flie vpon them No we find no such thing I had forgotten to answer that question before but you haue found according to truth and for the better warrantie of your dooings vnderstand that I came to London and so to the quéenes councell vnbrought when I vnderstood they demanded for me yet I was almost an hundred miles hence where if I had not presumed vpon my truth I could haue withdrawne my selfe from catching How saie you the rest of you is Whetstons verdict all your verdicts The whole inquest answered Yea. Remember your selues better haue you considered substantially the whole euidence in sort as it was declared recited the matter dooth touch the quéenes highnesse and your selues also take good héed what you doo My lord we haue throughlie considered the euidence laid against the prisoner and his answers to all these matters and accordinglie we haue found him not giltie agréeable to all our consciences If you haue doone well it is the better for you It is better to be tried than to liue suspected Blessed be the Lord God of Israell for he hath visited and redéemed his people and hath raised vp a mightie saluation for vs in the house of his seruant Dauid And it may please you my lord cheefe iustice forsomuch as I haue bene indicted and arreigned of sundrie treasons and haue according to the law put my triall to God and my countrie that is to saie to these honest men which haue found me not giltie I humblie beseech you to giue me such benefit acquitall and iudgement as the law in this case dooth appoint ¶ When the prisoner had said these words the commissioners consulted togither Maie it please you my lord chéefe iustice to pronounce sentence for my discharge Whereas you doo aske the benefit that the law in such case dooth appoint I will giue it you to wit that where you haue béene indicted of sundrie high treasons haue béene héere this daie before the queenes commissioners and iustices arreigned of the said treasons where vnto you haue pleaded not giltie and haue for triall therein put your selfe on God your countrie and they haue found you not giltie the court dooth award that you be cléerlie discharged paieng your fees Notwithstanding master lieutenant take him with you againe for there are other matters to charge him withall It maie please you my lords masters of the Q. highnesse priuie councell to be on my behalfe humble sutors to hir maiestie that like as the law this daie God be praised hath purged me of the treasons wherewith I was most dangerouslie charged so it might please hir excellent maiestie to purge me in hir priuat iudgement and both forgiue forget my ouerrash line 10 boldnesse that I vsed in talke of hir highnes marriage with the prince of Spaine matters too far aboue my capacitie and I verie vnable to consider the grauitie thereof a matter impertinent for me a priuat person to talke of which did apperteine to hir highnesse priuie councell to haue in deliberation And if it shall please hir highnesse of hir bountifull liberalitie to remit my former ouersights I shall thinke my selfe happie for triall of the danger that I haue this daie escaped and maie thereby admonish line 20 me to eschue things aboue my reach and also to instruct me to deale with matters agréeable to my vocation And God saue the quéens maiestie and grant the same long to reigne ouer vs. And the same Lord be praised for you the magistrats before whome I haue had my triall this daie indifferentlie by the law and you haue procéeded with me accordinglie the grace of God be amongst you now and euer ¶ There was no answer made by anie of the bench to the prisoners sute but the atturnie did speake these line 30 words And it please you my lords forsomuch as it séemeth these men of the iurie which haue strangelie acquited the prisoner of his tresons wherof he was indicted will foorthwith depart the court I praie you for the quéene that they and euerie of them maie bée bound in a recognisance of fiue hundred pounds a péece to answer to such matters as they shall bée charged with in the quéenes behalfe whensoeuer they shall be charged or called line 40 I praie you my lords be good to vs and let vs not be molested for discharging our consciences trulie We be poore merchantmen and haue great charge vpon our hands our liuings doo depend vpon our trauels therefore it maie please you to appoint vs a certeine day for our appearance for perhaps some of vs maie be in forren parties about our businesse ¶ Thus much for sir Nicholas Throckmortons arreignement wherein is to be considered that the repealing of certeine statutes in the last parlement line 50 was the chiefe matter he had to alledge for his aduantage whereas the repealing of the same statutes was meant notwithstanding for an other purpose as before you haue partlie heard which statutes or the effect of the chiefe branches of them haue béene since that time againe reuiued as by the bookes of the statutes it maie better appeare to the which I referre the reader The eight and twentith of Aprill the lord Thomas Greie brother to the duke of Suffolke was beheaded at the tower hill a proper gentleman and one that had serued right valiantlie both in line 60 France and Scotland in the daies of the late kings Henrie and Edward Upon saturdaie the eight and twentith of Aprill sir Iames Crofts and maister William Winter were brought from the tower to the Guildhall in London where sir Iames Crofts was arreigned but bicause the daie was farre spent maister Winter was not arreigned but caried backe againe to the tower with the said sir Iames Crofts William Thomas of whome mention is made before in the historie of sir Thomas Wiat with certeine other were arreigned and condemned for the conspiring of the murther and killing of the quéene vpon the sudden and for that offense the said William Thomas was the eightéenth daie of Maie drawne hanged and quartered at Tiburne The ninetéenth daie of Maie next following the ladie Elisabeth sister to quéene Marie was deliuered out of the tower and committed to the custodie of sir Iohn Williams knight afterward lord Williams of Tame by whome hir grace was more courteouslie intreated than some would haue wished Wherefore shortlie after she was committed to the manour of Woodstocke vnder the custodie of sir Henrie Beningfield of Oxenborough in the countie of Norffolke knight at whose hands she found not the like
fact they had doone therein Not long after this a merrie fellow came into Paules and spied the rood with Marie and Iohn new set vp wherto among a great sort of people he made low curtsie said Sir your maistership is welcome to towne I had thought to haue talked further with your maistership but that ye be héere clothed in the quéenes colours I hope ye be but a summers bird for that ye be dressed in white gréene c. The prince thus being in the church of Paules after doctor Harpesfield had finished his oration in Latine set forward through Fléetstreet so came to White hall where he with the quéene remained foure daies after and from thence remooued vnto Richmond After this all the lords had leaue to depart into their countries with strict commandement to bring all their harnesse and artillerie into the tower of London with all spéed Now remained there no English lord at the court but the bishop of Winchester From Richmond they remooued to Hampton court where the hall doore within the court was continuallie shut so that no man might enter vnlesse his errand were first knowne which séemed strange to Englishmen that had not béene vsed thereto The seuentéenth daie of September was a proclamation in London that all vagabonds and maisterlesse men as well strangers as Englishmen should depart the citie within fiue daies and strictlie charging all inholders vittelers tauerners and ale house kéepers with all other that sold vittels that they after the said fiue daies should not sell anie meat drinke or anie kind of vittels or reléefe to anie seruingman whatsoeuer vnlesse he brought a testimoniall from his maister to declare whose seruant he was were in continuall houshold with his said maister vpon paine to runne in danger of the law if they offend herein In September the duke of Norffolke departed this life at Fremingham castell in Norffolke and there was honorablie buried among his ancestors ¶ The 26 of October a Spaniard was hangd at Charingcrosse for killing an Englishman there was offered for his life by other strangers 500 crownes but all that would not staie iustice On fridaie the same 26 of October those honest men that had béene of Throckmortons quest being in number eight for the other foure were deliuered out of prison for that they submitted themselues and said they had offended like weakelings not considering truth to be truth but of force for feare said so these eight men I saie whereof maister Emanuell Lucar and maister Whetston were chéefe were called before the councell in the Starrechamber where they affirmed that they had doone all things in that matter according to their knowledge and with good consciences euen as they should answer before GOD at the daie of iudgement Where maister Lucar said openlie before all the lords that they had doone in the matter like honest men and true and faithfull subiects and therefore they humblie be sought my lord chancellor and the other lords to be meanes to the king and quéenes maiesties that they might be discharged and set at libertie and said that they were all contented to submit themselues to their maiesties sauing and reseruing their truth consciences and honesties The lords taking their words in maruellous euill part iudged them worthie to paie excessiue fines Some said they were worthie to paie 1000 pounds a péece Other said that Lucar and Whetston were worthie to paie a thousand marks a péece and the rest fiue hundred pounds a peece In conclusion sentence was giuen by the lord chancellor that they should paie a thousand marks a peece he that paid least and that they should go to prison againe and there remain till further order were taken for their punishment The thirtith of October being tuesdaie the lord Iohn Greie was deliuered out of the tower and set at libertie Upon saturdaie the tenth of Nouember the shiriffes of London had commandement to take an inuentarie of each one of their goods which were of maister Throckmortons quest to seale vp their doores which was doone the same daie Maister Whetston and maister Lucar and maister Kightlie were adiudged to paie two thousand pounds a péece and the rest a thousand marks a péece to be paid within one fortnight after From this paiment were exempted those foure which confessed a fault therevpon had submitted themselues whose names are these maister Loe maister Pointer maister Beswicke and maister Cater The 12 of Nouember being mondaie the parlement began line 10 at Westminster to the beginning whereof both the king and quéene rode in their parlement robes hauing two swords borne before them The earle of Penbroke bare his sword and the earle of Westmerland bare the quéenes They had two caps of maintenance likewise borne before them whereof the earle of Arundell bare the one and the earle of Shrewesburie the other During this parlement cardinall Poole landed at Douer vpon wednesdaie being the 21 of Nouember who being receiued with line 20 much honor in all other countries through which hee had passed was receiued here at the first with no great shew for the causes aboue mentioned The same daie on the which he arriued an act passed in the parlement house for his restitution in bloud vtterlie repealing as false and most slanderous that act made against him in K. Henrie the eights time And on the next daie being thursdaie and the 22 of Nouember the king and queene both came to the parlement house to giue their roiall assent and to establish line 30 this act against his comming On saturdaie the foure and twentith of Nouember he came to the court and after went to Lambeth where his lodging was prepared On wednesdaie following in the after noone he came into the parlement house being at that present kept in the great chamber of the court of the White hall for that the quéene by reason of sicknesse was not able to go abrode where the king and quéene sitting vnder the cloth of estate and the cardinall sitting line 40 on the right hand with all the other estates of the realme being present and the knights and burgesses of the common house being also called thither the bishop of Winchester being lord chancellor spake in this maner My lords of the vpper house and you my maisters of the nether house here is present the right reuerend father in God my lord cardinall Poole legat A Latere come from the apostolike sée of Rome as ambassador to the king and quéenes maiesties line 50 vpon one of the weightiest causes that euer happened in this realme and which apperteineth to the glorie of God and your vniuersall benefit the which ambassage their maiesties pleasure is to bee signified vnto you all by his owne mouth trusting that you will receiue and accept it in as beneuolent and thankefull wise as their highnesse haue doone and that you will giue attentiue and
horae Euolat in tenues laetus citò spiritus auras This skirmish was stoutlie mainteined and continued for the space of thrée long houres Their great artillerie was shot off freshlie from the wals and bulworks At length when the night drew on the retire was sounded and the Englishmen came their line 10 waie backe to Newhauen with honor hauing lost not past eight of their souldiors that were slaine and six other hurt whereas there was one of the enimies capteins slain in sight with twentie souldiors and another of their capteins with diuerse others of their numbers gréeuouslie wounded Monsieur Beauuois shewed himselfe that daie verie forward and valiant so likewise did the Scotishmen The thirteenth of Nouember a pinnesse of the Frenchmen that belonged to Newhauen being gone foorth line 20 the night before brought into the hauen a ship laden with Rochell wines fiue and twentie tuns that was bound to passe vp to the enimies and so esteemed a good prise On the fourtéenth of Nouember another ship fraught with twentie tuns of Gascoigne wines was brought in as a prise likewise taken by a barke of Newhauen that belonged to a Frenchman called Iehan de Bois an earnest aduersarie to the papists The seuenth of Nouember a proclamation was line 30 made by Blewmantell concerning orders taken and passed by the lord lieutenant that no Englishman nor Frenchman should shoot off anie harquebuse within the towne nor that anie Frenchman except monsieur Beauuois or monsieur Bricquemault or their companies should be out of their lodgings after nine of the clocke at night till the next morning on paine of death except in cases of alarums The twelfe of Nouember about six of the clocke at night one of the mils without the gate line 40 was set on fire by some of the papists as was thought whereof rose a great alarum The thirtéenth of Nouember the Reingraue was seene on the north hils of the towne with foure score horssemen wherevpon the Scotish horssemen and thrée bands of footmen issued out marching vp towards the same hils in hope to méet with their enimies but they were retired towards Mondeuille and so nothing was doone It was reported for a certeine truth that the duke Daumale was there at that present line 50 with the Reingraue On wednesdaie the fiue and twentith of Nouember one of capteine Cocksons souldiors was hanged in the market place and an other that was brought thither likewise to be executed had his pardon at the sute of certeine French gentlemen And herewith was proclamation made that where it had béene proclamed afore that none should take anie thing forceablie from the French on paine of death for breach whereof such execution was presentlie line 60 doone the lord lieutenant did by this proclamation eftsoons charge and command that none vpon like paine should breake or spoile anie house or ship or take anie timber wood or anie other thing from the French without their good will consent and agreement The same afternoone came into the hauen hoies and botes laden with wine cider perrie wheate béefe bisquet meale and other prouision of vittels Two French shallops of Newhauen had taken them besides Hunflue and beaten backe a shallop of the enimies slaieng ten or twelue Frenchmen that came foorth of Hunflue to haue succored the hoies The fiue and twentith of Nouember there landed at Newhauen six hundred souldiors Essex-men vnder the leading of Auerie Darsie Reginald Higate and William Twedie each of them hauing his appointed number of two hundred to his ensigne Moreouer where as well diuerse prentises as other Englishmen were come ouer since the placing of the garrison in that towne of Newhauen not offering their seruice anie waie other than by stragling abroad to séeke pillage whereby they fell oftentimes into the hands of the enimies both to the dishonor of their countrie losse of their owne liues For reformation hereof proclamation was made the last of Nouember that all Englishmen within the said towne aboue the age of sixteene yeares and vnder thrée score being not reteined in the queens maiesties paie should at one of the clocke that present daie repaire to the bulworke called the bulworke of saint Addresses there to present his name person to the â—omptrollor that order might be taken how to emploie them in some certeintie of seruice vpon paine to euerie one failing hereof to suffer ten daies imprisonment also to be banished the towne The same daie the quéenes ship called the Hare comming from Portsmouth arriued at Newhauen and in hir came sir Iohn Portinarie whose ripe skill déepe iudgement and great experience in matters of fortification had bred in him such knowledge as he may worthilie be called a maister in that science They were by the waie assailed by a French ship of foure score and ten tuns and better but they that were aboord in the Hare so manfullie acquited themselues that they vanquished the enimies tooke the same ship brought hir with them being laden with wines which they meant to haue conueied to the aduersaries in some garrison The same daie sir Iohn More landed at Newhauen bringing ouer with him fiue hundred soldiors out of Denshire for a supplie of the garrison there He himselfe returned backe into England but the soldiors were appointed to the leading of other capteins so that Francis Summerset brother to the earle of Worcester had three hundred of them Oliuer Manners an hundred and Edward Ormsbie the other hundred On tuesdaie the eight of December monsieur de Beauuois capteine Francis Summerset and capteine Edward Horseie with diuerse other capteins officers and gentlemen rode to the Reingraue lieng at a faire house not farre from Mondeuille where they dined with him had great and hartie chéere and after returned againe to Newhauen The same daie the Reingraue sent for a present vnto my lord of Warwike a great horse verie faire with saddle and bridle estéemed to be well worth an hundred pounds Moreouer the same daie at night the Double Rose with certeine other botes and French shallops passed foorth of the hauen Edward Dudleie and capteine Iohn Ward being aboord in the said Double Rose with diuerse other Englishmen Frenchmen to the number of a hundred good soldiors who sailing downe the riuer landed beside Tankeruille and laie close all that night in the wood And in the morning about nine of the clocke monsieur Bimar ensignebearer to the counte Montgomerie with six or seauen Frenchmen vnarmed went to the castell gate and there fell in talke with monsieur Dimenée who was capteine of that fortresse hauing with him about ten soldiors that were appointed to remaine with him vpon the gard of the same castell Whilest they were thus in talke the Englishmen and other Frenchmen comming foorth of the wood that was there at hand reared vp their ladders which they had brought
great galleasses The Turks had their gallies galliots and foists to the number of two hundred and fiftie as appeareth by the account afore made of those that were taken line 40 abandoned and escaped There were deliuered and set at libertie about twelue thousand some say fourteene thousand christian captiues whome the Turks kept for slaues and had them chained there aboord with them in their gallies But this victorie was not got without great losse of the christians for beside Augustine Barbarigo the principall proueditore of the Uenetians there died seuentéene other gentlemen of Uenice being men of good estimation Iohn Cardone Barnardine Cardone Spaniards line 50 Uirginio and Horatio Ursini Romans Troilo Sabello Marco Molino besides diuerse other nobles and gentlemen of name as well Italians as Spaniards and Almans In all there died of the christians to the number of seauen thousand six hundred fiftie and six beside those that were hurt being in like number to them that were slaine among whom was don Iohn de Austria generall of all the christian armie there Sebastian Ueniero the Uenetians generall the counte de Santa Fiore with diuerse others Moreouer line 60 there were christian gallies bouged thrée of the Uenetians one of the popes one belonging to the duke of Sauoie and another to the knights of Malta There was one also taken led awaie by Ochialie and his companie Such was the successe of this battell which continued for the space of six houres in the end whereof the victorie remaining with the christians caused no small reioising through all parties of christendome For if this victorie had béene followed with his gratious helpe and assistance that was the giuer thereof the proud and loftie horne of the Ismaelite had béene so brused as peraduenture his courage would haue quailed to put foorth the same so spéedilie as he did But such is the malice of the time that the christians haue more pleasure to draw their weapons one against another than against that common enimie of vs all who regardeth neither protestant nor catholike they may be sure those of the Gréekish church nor others as if the mercifull prouidence of the Lord of hosts doo not in time disappoint his proceedings it will be too soone perceiued though happilie too late to stop the breach when the floud hath got head and once woone passage through the banke It were therfore to be wished of all those that tender the suertie of the christian commonwealth that princes would permit their subiects to liue in libertie of conscience concerning matters of faith and that subiects againe would be readie in dutifull wise to obeie their princes in matters of ciuill gouernment so that compounding their controuersies among themselues with tollerable conditions they might emploie their forces against the common enimie to the benefit of the whole christian world which the more is the pitie they haue so long exercised one against another to each others destruction And as for matters in variance about religion rather to decide the same with the word than with the sword an instrument full vnfit for that purpose and not lightlie vsed nor allowed of by the ancient fathers in time of the primitiue church But fith this is rather to be wished than hoped for by anie apparant likelihood considering the strange contrarietie of humors now reigning among men in sundrie parts of christendome let vs leaue the successe of our wish to the plesure of God the author of all good haps who ruleth the harts of princes as the poet saith verie trulie eius In manibus sunt regum animi quotúnque volunta◠Fert sua vertit eos and frameth the peoples minds as séemeth best to his diuine prouidence And withall let vs also humblie offer to him our praiers instantlie beseeching him to spare vs in mercie and not to reward vs after our iniquities but rather by his onmipotent power to turne from vs the violence of our enimies in abridging their forces as it may séeme good to his mercifull fauour and great clemencie The thirtith of December Reinold Greie was by the quéenes maiestie restored earle of Kent ¶ The thirtéenth of Ianuarie deceassed sir William Peter knight who for his iudgement and pregnant wit had béene secretarie and of the priuie councell to foure kings and quéenes of this realme and seauen times ambassador abroad in forren lands he augmented Exceter college in Oxford with lands to the value of an hundred pounds by yeare and also builded ten almes houses in the parish of Ingerstone for twentie poore people ten within the house and ten without the house hauing euerie one two pence the daie a winter gowne and two load of wood and among them féeding for six kine winter and summer and a chapleine to saie them seruice dailie The sixteenth of Ianuarie the lord Thomas Howard duke of Norffolke was arreigned at Westminster hall before George lord Talbot earle of Shrewesburie high steward of England for that daie and there by his péeres found giltie of high treason and had iudgement accordinglie The eleuenth of Februarie Kenelme Barneie and Edmund Mather were drawen from the tower of London and Henrie Rolfe from the Marshalsea in Southworke all thrée to Tiburne and there hanged bowelled and quartered for treason Barneie and Mather for conspiracie and Rolfe for counterfeiting of the quéens maiesties hand ¶ The queenes maiestie hearing crediblie by report that certeine lewd persons vnder pretense of executing commissions for inquiries to be made for lands concealed contrarie to hir maiesties meaning chalenging lands stocks of monie plate c letting not also to make pretense to the bels led and other such things belonging vnto parish churches or chappels Hir maiestie meaning spéedilie to withstand such manner of vnlawfull practises commanded that all commissions then extant and not determined for inquisition of anie manner of concealements should be by Supersedias out of hir excheker reuoked line 10 And also appointed speedie remedie to be had against such extorcioners as more at large appeareth by proclamation concluding thus Finallie hir maiestie would hir iustices of assise to haue some speciall care not onelie to the premisses but also to the reforming of certeine couetous iniurious attempts of diuerse that of late time by other colour than for hir maiesties vse had taken awaie the led of churches and chappels yea and bels also out of steeples and other common goods belonging to parishes an line 20 example not to be suffered vnpunished nor vnreformed And so hir maiestie eftsoones chargeth hir iustices of hir assise to prouide seuere remedie both for punishment and reformation thereof Dated at Westminster the thirtéenth daie of Februarie the fourtéenth yeare of hir reigne The tenth of March deceased sir William Paulet knight lord saint Iohn earle of Wilshire marquesse of Winchester knight of the honorable order of the garter one of the quéenes maiesties
15 William Warlewast a Norman borne and line 60 chapleine both to the Conqueror and his two sons William and Henrie he was a graue and a wise man and for the same was preferred by Henrie the king to this bishoprike in the yere one thousand one hundred and seuen and was consecrated by Anselmus archbishop of Canturburie in the moneth of August the same yeare He first began to inlarge his church which at that time was no bigger than that which is now called the ladie chappell He founded and builded the monasterie of Plimpton and placed therein regular canons in his latter daies he waxed and became blind And yet notwithstanding for his wisdome the king sent him in ambassage vnto pope Paschalis the second wherein he so wiselie dealed and so discréetlie behaued himselfe in his message that he made a reconciliation betweene the pope and the king and returned with great praise and commendation Not long after his returne and hauing small ioie of the world he gaue ouer his bishoprike and became one of the religious canons in his owne house of Plimpton where he died and was buried he was bishop about twentie yeares 16 Robert Chichester deane of Sarisburie was consecrated bishop vnder Anselmus archbishop of Canturburie Anno 1128 and the eight and twentith yeare of king Henrie the first He was a gentleman borne and therefore estéemed for his zeale in religion wherein he was deuout according to those daies and thinking his labours to be best imploied that waie did eftsoons go in pilgrimage sometime to Rome sometime to one place sometime to another and euer he would bring with him some one relike or other He was a liberall contributor to the buildings of his church In his time was founded and builded the monasterie of S. Stephans in Lanceston and furthered by Reinold erle of Cornewall but vnto it this bishop was an aduersarie not for misliking the worke but for feare of an intrusion vpon his liberties Likewise at this time was builded the priorie of saint Nicholas in Excester by the abbat of Battell vnto which abbeie this priorie was a cell In this mans time also king Henrie made William Rideuers a Norman and his kinsman earle of Deuon and therewith the lordshop of Twifordton and the honor of Plimpton togither with the third pennie of his reuenues in Deuon which in the whole was then thirtie marks whereof this earle had ten Also in this mans time king Henrie died and king Stephan entred and tooke vpon him the crowne whereof insued great warres This bishop after that he had occupied the place two and twentie yeares died and was buried in his owne church But the moonke of Westminster writeth that he should be bishop seuen and twentie yeares and died in the yeere one thousand one hundred fiftie and fiue but he neuer saw the records of this church which are to the contrarie 17 Robert Warlewast nephue to William the bishop of this church deane of Sarisburie was consecrated bishop by Theobaldus archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare one thousand one hundred and fiftie he nothing degenerated from the steps of his predecessors but was altogither of the same bent and disposition In his time king Stephan died and Henrie the second was crowned king This Robert after that he had occupied this sée nine yéers or thereabout died was buried at Plimpton by his vncle 18 Bartholomeus Iscanus otherwise Bartholomew of Excester was consecrated bishop of Excester vnder Theobald archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare a thousand one hundred fiftie nine he was called Iscanus of Isca which is one of the ancientest names of this citie He was a meane citizens son but being verie apt vnto learning his parents and friends kept him to schoole and he so well profited therein that he came and prooued to be a verie well learned man and being bishop he wrote sundrie bookes as of predestination fréewill penance and others Of all men he could not brooke nor fauor Thomas Becket archbishop of Canturburie for his contempt and disobedience against the king for the which he sharplie improoued rebuked and inueighed against him openlie in the parlement house holden at Northampton and with such effectuall reasons and pithie arguments he did so temper the same that the whole parlement relied vnto his iudgement and opinion herein against Thomas Becket And after his death such was the gravitie modestie and wisedome of the man that he was speciallie chosen to be ambassador for the king vnto pope Alexander the third and so wiselie and with such discretion vsed the same that notwithstanding his cause and message had manie aduersaries yet he reconciled the pope and the king obteined the goodwill and fauour of the pope and brought his message to good effect This bishop was in great familiaritie and acquaintance with Baldwin of Excester his countriman line 10 now archbishop of Canturburie who was a poore mans sonne in this citie but for his learning aduanced to this estate In this bishops time about the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred thrée score and eight William Fitzralfe a citizen of this citie founded a cell for moonks within this citie and dedicated the same to saint Alexius which not long after was united to saint Iohns within the east gate of the same citie In his time also Reinold of Courtneie a nobleman of Normandie the son of Elorus line 20 the son of Lewes named Lewes le Grosse king of France came into this land and married Hawise daughter and heire to Mawd the daughter and heire to Adelis sister and heire to Richard de Briono the first vicount of Deuon and in hir right was vicount of Deuon This Bartholomew after he had béene bishop about fouretéene yeares in the yere one thousand one hundred eightie and foure died but where he died and where he was buried it dooth not appeere In this bishops time about the yeare one thousand line 30 one hundred and seuentie one Iohannes Coriniensis a Cornish man borne was a famous learned diuine he was a student at Rome and other places in Italie and by that meanes grew into great acquaintance with pope Alexander the third he wrote diuerse bookes and namelie one De incarnatione Christi against Peter Lombard who affirmed Quòd Christus secundum quod homo est aliquid non est and this he dedicated to pope Alexander 19 Iohn the chanter of the cathedrall church of line 40 this citie was consecrated and installed bishop of this church in the yeare one thousand one hundred eightie and foure he was well reported of for his liberalitie in continuing the buildings of this church wherein he was nothing inferior to his predecessors In his time king Henrie Fitzempresse died and he himselfe hauing beene bishop about six yeares died in the yeare of our Lord one thousand one hundred ninetie and one 20 Henrie Marshall archdeacon of Stafford the line 50 brother to Walter earle
marshall of England was consecrated bishop by Hubert archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare one thousand one hundred ninetie and one he finished the building of his church according to the plot and foundation which his predecessors had laid and that doone he purchased the patronage and lordship of Woodburie of one Albemarlie which he gaue and impropriated vnto the vicars chorall of his church In this mans time in the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred and one one line 60 Simon Thurnaius a Cornish man borne brought vp in learning did by diligence and studie so prosper therein that he became excellent in all the liberall sciences and in his daies none thought to be like him He left Oxenford where he had béene a student and went to Paris and there became a priest and studied diuinitie and therein became so excellent and of so deepe a iudgement that he was made chéefe of the Sorbonists at length he became so proud of his learning and did glorie so much therein that he would be singular thought himselfe to be another Aristotle and so much he was therein blinded and waxed so farre in loue with Aristotle that he preferred him before Moses and Christ. But behold Gods iust iudgement For suddenlie his memorie failed him and he waxed so forgetfull that he could neither call to remembrance anie thing that he had doone neither could he discerne read or know a letter of the booke This Henrie after that he had spent and liued twelue yeares in his bishoprike he died and lieth buried in the north side of the chancell of his church in a verie faire toome of marble in the yeare one thousand two hundred and six 21 Simon de Apulia in the yeare one thousand two hundred and six was installed bishop of this sée of him there remaineth no memoriall at all In his time were famous Ioseph Iscanius and Alexander Neckam the one was verie well learned in the Latine and Gréeke toong and in the liberall sciences the other was prior of saint Nicholas and was an vniuersall man being a profound philosopher an eloquent orator a pleasant poet and a déepe diuine In this bishops time the doctrine of eleuation adoration reseruation and praieng for the dead being established by pope Honorius the third the parish churches within this citie were limited in the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred twentie two In this mans time in the yeare one thousand two hundred and twelue one Iohannes Deuonius so surnamed because he was borne in Deuon being well bent to good studies was much commended for his learning and modestie He was familiar and of great acquaintance with Baldwin archbishop of Canturburie and being made abbat of Ford was in such fauor with king Iohn that he chose him to be his confessor and chapleine he was a writer and compiled diuerse bookes which were then accounted of Being dead he was buried in his abbeie the people much lamenting the want of so good a man This bishop hauing spent eightéene yeares died in the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred twentie and foure was buried in his owne church 22 William Brewer verie shortlie after the death of the foresaid Simon was elected bishop and consecrated by Stephan Langton archbishop of Canturburie in the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred twentie and foure He was borne and descended of a noble house and parentage being brother to sir William Brewer knight the husband of the eldest daughter one of the heirs to William de Uerona erle of Deuon and who also was founder of the abbeies of Tor of Hartland and other monasteries This bishop so wiselie and discréetlie behaued himselfe that he was had in great reputation among all men and in speciall fauour with the king For king Henrie hauing giuen his sister ladie Isabell to wife vnto Frederike the emperor did commend and betake hir to this bishop to be conueied and conducted to the emperor And such was the fame and good report spred of him that as he passed through the countries they were from place to place receiued with great honor and being come to the citie of Coleine the archbishop there did not onelie verie honorablie receiue them but also accompanied them vnto the citie of Wormes where the mariage was solemnized When this bishop had séene the marriage and all things performed he tooke his leaue and was dismissed with great presents and honorablie accompanied homewards by the archbishop and others At his returne he was ioifullie receiued of all the noble men about the king and most thankfullie by the king himselfe and whome the king vsed as his speciall and most trustie councellor in all his weightie causes This bishop being come home to his owne house andminding as his predecessors had doone to leaue some good memoriall behind him he made a deane and constituted twentie foure prebendaries within his church To the one he impropriated Brampton and Coliton Rawleie for the others he purchased so much land as out whereof he assigned to euerie prebendarie foure pounds by the yeare and of these he ordeined his chapter Also in this mans time in the yeare one thousand two hundred and fortie Gilbert Long and Robert his brother citizens of this citie builded and founded the hospitall of saint Iohns within the east gate of this citie for the sustenance of certeine poore folks called afterwards the poore children of saint Iohns gaue all their lands and tenements to the same which was line 10 sufficient The yeare following the cell of Alexius was remooued and adioined to saint Iohns and then the founders being dead the charge and gouernement of that house was by those founders commended to the maior of this citie they thenseforth were founders and patrons thereof In the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred fortie and foure there grew a contention concerning the poore lazer sicke people of the Magdalen without the south gate of this citie whose maner and vsage was then with line 20 a clapdish vpon euerie market daie to resort and come to the markets and there to beg euerie mans deuotion but by reason of their sicknesse which was lothsome and abhorred the peoples deuotion waxed short and scant against them as also euerie man murmured against their going begging at large Where vpon the matter being brought into question betwéene the bishop and this citie it was concluded that a perimutation should be made and that therefore the bishops should be patrones and haue the line 30 gouernement of saint Iohns and the maior and his successors to be gardians and founders of the hospitall of the Magdalen with a prouiso that the proctor of the hospitall of the Magdalen should on one daie in euerie moneth come with his box to saint Peters church at the time of seruice and there receiue and gather the deuotion of the canons which is vsed at these presents This poore house remaineth
armour bearing witnesse of his ancestrie for he beareth azure a crosse forme fiche or within an vrle of stars or the second argent a fesse indented sable charged with foure leuses heads â—irant rased or the third as the second and fourth as the first quarterlie Also he beareth to his crest on a tosse or and azure a cocks head argent couped membred geules supporting a crosse forme fiche or betwéene two wings sable and mantled geules doubled argent In further memorie of whome so long as the line 10 church wherin he lieth buried dooth stand and the monuments therein blessed from sacrilegious hands there remaineth fixed in the wall ouer his graue a copper plate wherein his said cote armour is workemanlie grauen with the armes of the physicians college so vnder it as they are knit vnto it On either side of this latter scutchion are set certeine binding bands and other instruments of surgerie in their right formes with their proper vse also to be practised vpon ech member be the same head leg arme line 20 hand or foot all workemanlie wrought vnder the same a memoriall grauen for wished perpetuitie Caldwallus iacet hîc patriae studiosus alumnus Chirurgis Chiron Hippocrates Medicis Heracles laqueis dum fascia membra reuincit Galenus priscae laudis artis amans Chirurgis stabilem lecturam condidit illi Praefecit Medicos quos ea turba colat Plintheus hinc astat laqueus Carchesius inde Fascia quae studij sunt monumenta sui line 30 Felix Chirurgus patronum qui tibi talem Nactus es felix qui dolet aeger erit Laquei Plintheus 1 Laquei Charchesius 2 Fascia Totum caput cingens 3 Fascia Rhombus 4 Machinamenta Scamnum Hippocratis 5 Machinamenta Glossocomium 6 Quem tibi vinxisti charum dum vita manebat line 40 Te cum Melpomene post tua fata canet Ric. Forsterus In this yeare of Lord 1584 on the one and twentith daie of Maie Francis Throckemorton esquier was arreigned in the Guildhall of the citie of London where being found guiltie of high treason he was condemned and had iudgement accordinglie to be drawne hanged boweled and quartered A discouerie of whose treasons practised and attempted against the quéens maiestie and the realme line 50 were afterward to wit in the moneth of Iune published as followeth A true and perfect declaration of the treasons practised and attempted by Francis Throckemorton late of London against the queenes maiestie and the realme WHereas there haue béene verie lewd and slanderous brutes and reports giuen out line 60 of the due and orderlie procéedings held with Francis Throckemorton latelie arreigned condemned of high treason at the Guild-hall in London the one and twentith daie of Maie last whereby such as are euill affected toward hir maiestie and the present gouernement haue indeuoured falselie and iniuriouslie to charge hir maiestie and hir faithfull ministers with crueltie and iniustice vsed against the said Throckemorton by extorting from him by torture such confessions as he hath made against himselfe by inforsing the same to make them lawfull euidence to conuict him of the treasons therein specified albeit hir maiesties subiects in generall calling to mind the mild and temperate course she hath held all the time of hir most happie reigne might rather impute hir clemencie and lenitie vsed towards all sorts of offendors to a kind of fault than tax hir with the contrarie yet such as allow of practises and treasons against hir maiestie doo alwaies interpret both of the one and of the other according to the particular affections that doo possesse them that is to the worst And forsomuch as the case of Throckemorton at this time hath béene subiect to their sinister constructions and considering that lies and false brutes cast abroad are most commonlie beleeued vntill they be controlled by the truth it hath béene thought expedient in this short discourse to deliuer vnto your view and consideration a true and perfect declaration of the treasons practised and attempted by the said Throckemorton against hir maiestie and the realme by him confessed before his arreignement whereby hir maiestie was iustlie and in reason persuaded to put him to his triall You shall likewise perceiue what course hath béene held with him by hir commissioners to bring him to confesse the truth with what impudencie and how falselie he hath denied his saiengs and confessions and lastlie how by a new submission and confession of his said treasons since his condemnation he endeuoureth to satisfie hir maiestie and to shew the reasons that mooued him to denie the first which he affirmeth and confirmeth by the last which may in reason satisfie though not all yet such as are not forestalled or rather forepoisoned and infected with the lies and vntruths alreadie spred and deliuered in fauour of the traitor his treasons You shall therefore vnderstand that the cause of his apprehension grew first vpon secret intelligence giuen to the queenes maiestie that he was a priuie conueier and receiuer of letters to and from the Scotish quéene vpon which information neuerthelesse diuerse moneths were suffered to passe on before he was called to answer the matter to the end there might some proofe more apparant be had to charge him therewith directlie which shortlie after fell out and therevpon there were sent vnto his houses in London and at Leusham in Kent to search and apprehend him certeine gentlemen of no meane credit and reputation of whome two were sent to his house by Paules wharfe where he was apprehended so by one of them conueied presentlie awaie the other remaining in the chamber to make search for papers writings c which might giue proofe of his suspected practises In that search there were found the two papers conteining the names of certeine catholike noblemen and gentlemen expressing the hauens for landing of forren forces with other particularities in the said papers mentioned the one written in the secretarie hand which he at the barre confessed to be his owne handwriting and the other in the Roman hand which he denied to be his and would not shew how the same came vnto his hands howbeit in his examinations he hath confessed them both to be his owne handwriting and so they are in truth There were also found among other of his papers twelue petidegrées of the descent of the crowne of England printed and published by the bishop of Rosse in the defense of the pretended title of the Scotish quéene his mistresse with certeine infamous libels against hir maiestie printed and published beyond the seas which being found in the hands of a man so euill affected comparing the same with his dooings and practises against hir maiestie you will iudge the purpose wherefore he kept them Shortlie after his apprehension he was examined by some of hir maiesties priuie councell how he came by the said two papers of the hauens and hâ— most impudentlie
deliuered in the Star-chamber and after published in a booke intituled A true and summarie report of the declaration of some part of the earle of Northumberlands treasons deliuered publikelie in the court at the Starchamber by the lord Chancellor and others of hir maiesties most honorable priuie councell councell learned by hir maiesties speciall commandement togither with the examinations depositions of sundrie persons touching the maner of his most wicked and violent murther committed vpon himselfe with his owne hand in the Tower of London the 20 daie of Iune 1585. MAlice among other essentiall properties perteining to hir ouglie nature hath this one not inferior to the rest and the woorst incredulitie wherewith the commonlie possesseth the minds and affections of all those that are infected with hir so blinding the eies iudgement of the best and clearest sighted that they cannot see or perceiue the bright beames of the truth although the same be deliuered with neuer so great puritie proofe circumstance and probabilitie It is said that no truth passeth abroad vnaccompanied with hir contrarie and as they go truth is euer constreined to yeeld the precedence and preheminence to hir yokefellow falshood whose lodging is alwaies first made and prepared without a harbenger in the corrupt nature of mankind by whome she is first receiued interteined and harbored at all times wherof in our dailie experience there happen manie and dangerous demonstrations especiallie in matters of the highest moment tending to excuse or accuse the actions of the greatest personages There was of late deliuered in publike by persons of honour credit and reputation a large declaration of certeine treasons practised by the late earle of Northumberland of the maner of his vntimelie death being with his owne hand murthered in the Tower and of the causes that wrought him therevnto The particularities whereof are such and so manie as for the helpe of my memorie comming then to the Starchamber by occasion and not looking for anie such presence of the nobilitie and priuie councell as I found there at that time and not looking for anie such cause of that nature to haue béene handled there that daie I tooke notes of the seuerall matters declared by the lord chancellor maister attourneie and solicitor generall the lord chiefe baron and maister vicechamberlaine for as I remember they spake in order as they are here marshalled and therefore I place them in this sort and not according to their precedence in dignitie Upon the hearing of the treasons with their proofs and circumstances and the desperat maner of the earles destruction deliuered in that place and by persons of that qualitie I supposed no man to line 10 haue beene so void of iudgement or the vse of common reason that would haue doubted of anie one point or particle thereof vntill it was my chance falling in companie with diuerse persons at sundrie times as well about the citie of London as abroad to heare manie men report variablie and corruptlie of the maner and matter of this publike declaration possessing the minds and opinions of the people with manifest vntruths as that the earle had béene vniustlie deteined in prison without proofe or line 20 iust cause of suspicion of treason and that he had beene murthered by deuise and practise of some great enimies and not destroied by himselfe These slanderous reports haue ministred vnto me this occasion to set forth vnto thy view and consideration gentle reader this short collection of the said treasons and murther as neere vnto the truth as my notes taken may lead and permit me with the view of some of the examinations them selues concerning this cause for my better satisfaction since obteined Which I line 30 haue vndertaken for two respects the one to conuince the false and malicious impressions and constructions receiued and made of these actions by such as are in heart enimies to the happie estate of hir maiesties present gouernement the other because it may be thought necessarie for the preuenting of a further contagion like to grow by this créeping infection in the minds of such as are apt though otherwise indifferent in these and the like rumors to receiue the bad as the good and they the most in number Wherein if I haue séemed more bold than line 40 wise or intermedled my selfe in matters aboue my reach and not apperteining vnto me I craue pardon where it is to be asked and commit my selfe to thy friendlie interpretation to be made of my simple trauell and dutifull meaning herein Upon the three and twentith daie of Iune last assembled in the court of Starchamber sir Thomas Bromleie knight lord chancellor of England William lord Burleigh lord treasuror of England line 50 George earle of Shrewsburie lord marshall of England Henrie earle of Derbie Robert earle of Leicester Charles lord Howard of Effingham lord chamberlaine Henrie lord Hunsdon lord gouernor of Berwike sir Francis Knollis knight treasuror sir Iames Croft knight comptrollor of hir maiesties houshold sir Christopher Hatton knight vice-chamberlaine to the quéenes maiestie the lord chiefe iustice of hir maiesties bench the maister of the rolles and the lord chiefe baron of the excheker line 60 and others The audience verie great of knights esquiers and men of other qualitie the lord chancellor began briefelie and summarilie to declare that whereas Henrie late earle of Northumberland for diuerse notable treasons and practises by him taken in hand to the danger not onelie of hir maiesties roiall person but to the perill of the whole realme had béene long deteined in prison and looking into the guilt of his owne conscience and perceiuing by such meanes of intelligence as he by corrupting of his keepers and other like deuises had obteined that his treasons were by sundrie examinations and confessions discouered grew thereby into such a desperat estate as that therevpon he had most wickedlie destroied murthered himselfe Which being made knowen to the lords of hir maiestees priuie councell order was therevpon taken and direction giuen to the lord chiefe iustice of England the maister of the rolles and the lord chiefe baron of the eâ—cheker to examine the maner and circumstances of his death which they with all good indeuor and diligence had accordinglie performed And least through the sinister meanes of such persons as be euill affected to the present estate of hir maiesties gouernement some bad and vntrue conceipts might be had as well of the cause of the earles deteinement as of the maner of his death it was therefore thought necessarie to haue the truth thereof made knowen in that presence and then he required hir maiesties learned councell there present to deliuer at large the particularities both of the treasons and in what sort the earle had murthered himselfe Then began Iohn Popham esquier hir maiesties attourneie generall as followeth The earle of Northumberland about the time of the last rebellion in the north in
the bodie of the townes and communalties of the aforesaid countries haue a firme hope that your maiestie will not sée them perish according to the desire of their enimies which make this long and cruell warre all which outrages the states of the said low countries following the diligence and band which they owe to their burgesses and citizens are to susteine repell and to turne from them by reason of the manifest tyrannie seruitude which the Spaniards attempt to bring in to laie vpon the poore people thereby to preserue their liberties rights priuileges and franchises with the exercise of the true christian religion whereof your maiestie by good right carrieth the title of protectrice and defendresse against which the said enimies and their associats alreadie haue and still doo make manie leagues deuise manie subtilties treasons and ambushes not ceasing dailie to practise and imagine them against the person of your maiestie and to the preiudice of the rest of your realme and states whome the good God hath preserued vntill this present for the wealth of the christians and sustentation of their churches Wherefore Madam it is so that for these causes reasons other considerations the said states haue assembled and concluded vpon a good and firme resolution to haue recourse vnto your maiestie sith it is an ordinarie matter amongst all people and oppressed nations in their calamities and oppressions to craue support and fauour against their enimies of kings and princes neere vnto them but especiallie of those who be indued with magnanimitie pietie iustice and other princelie vertues to which effect the states haue appointed vs to come vnto your maiestie to present vnto the same the principalitie souereigntie and iust gouernment of the said prouinces vnder certeine good and equall conditions chieflie concerning the preseruation of the exercise of the reformed religion and of the ancient priuileges liberties franchises and customs and next of the administration of the affaires policie and iustice of the warres in the said countrie And although that these countries haue susteined much hurt by these long and continuall warres and that the enimie hath taken diuers strong places and forts in the same countries yet there is besides the same in the countries of Brabant Gelderland Flanders Malmes Ouerset manie good townes and places which defend themselues against the force of the enimie and the countries of Holland Zeland Utricht and Frise be yet thanks be to God entire and whole in which there be manie great and strong townes and places faire riuers and déepe ports and hauens of the sea out of which your maiestie and your successors may receiue diuerse good seruices fruits and commodities whereof it is néedlesse here to make anie long recitall Onelie this amongst other matters deserueth good and especiall consideration that the vniting of those countries of Holland Zeland Frise and the townes of Sluze and Ostend in Flanders vnto the realmes of your maiestie importeth so much as the absolute gouernement of the great ocean sea and by consequence an assurance and perpetuall felicitie for the subiects of your woorthie maiestie Which we most humblie beséech that it will please the same to condescend vnto vs in the said points and conditions line 10 and in that which followeth which is that you will for you and your lawfull successors in the crowne of England be protectors of the reformed religion as the principall iusticer and souereigne gouernor of the said countries and consequentlie to receiue the people of the same as your most humble and most obedient subiects vnder the protection and continuall safegard of your maiestie they being a people assuredlie so faithfull and louing to their princes and lords be it spoken without vaunting as anie other line 20 nation is throughout christendome In dooing whereof Madam you shall preserue manie goodlie churches which it hath pleased God to assemble in these latter times in the same countries at this present in manie places greeuouslie afflicted and you shall deliuer the same countrie and people of late before the vniust deeds of the house of Spaine verie rich and florishing through the great commoditie of the sea ports hauens riuers traffike and merchandize whereof they be naturallie indued line 30 You shall I saie Madam deliuer them from ruine and perpetuall bondage of bodie and soule being a worke right roiall and most magnificent acceptable to God profitable to all christianitie woorthie immortall commendation answerable to the magnanimitie and heroicall vertues of your maiestie and ioined with the assurance and prosperitie of your dominions and subiects Wherevpon we present vnto your maiestie the said articles and conditions reuerentlie praieng the King of kings line 40 to preserue your maiestie from your enimies to increase your glorie and felicitie and for euer to keepe you in his holie protection ¶ This oration ended and the summe thereof considered it pleased the quéenes maiestie by direction of hir wise and politike councell to incline hir hart alwaies pitifull and replenished with commiseration to the ease and reléefe of the said oppressed people And bicause hir owne subiects should not be vtterlie line 50 vnacquainted with hir highnesse dooings in that case there was published by authoritie a booke thereof as in due place hereafter followeth On sundaie the fourth of Iulie Charles lord Howard late lord chamberleine was made lord admerall and Henrie lord Hunsdon was made lord chamberleine of houshold On the fift daie of Iulie Thomas Awfeld a seminarie priest and Thomas Weblie diar were arreigned at the sessions hall in the Old bailie found guiltie condemned and had line 60 iudgement as fellons to be hanged for publishing of bookes conteining false seditious and slanderous matter to the defamation of our souereigne ladie the quéene and to the excitation of insurrection and rebellion as more at large appeareth in their indictments These were on the next morrow to wit the sixt of Iulie executed at Tiborne accordinglie On thursdaie the sixteenth of Iulie by the sudden fall of a bricke wall in Thames stréet of London neere vnto Downegate fiue persons were ouerwhelmed and slaine to wit a man his wife the wife being great with child and two children the one their own the other a nurse child and a poore man that liued by charitie hauing no knowne dwelling place On the same sixteenth of Iulie was sir Francis Russell knight lord Russell third sonne to Francis Russell earle of Bedford slaine with a dag in the borders of Scotland beside Berwike by a Scot borne in those parts as they met vpon a true daie as more at large appeareth in the historie of Scotland On the next morrow to wit the seuentéenth of Iulie Francis Russell earle of Bedford knight of the garter and one of hir maiesties priuie councell father to the late named sir Francis lord Russell slaine on the borders of Scotland deceassed and was honorablie buried at Cheinies in
bring two of the wicked persons to iustice Now knowing how men are maliciouslie bent in this declining age of the world both to iudge speake and write maliciouslie falslie and vnreuerentlie of princes and holding nothing so déere vnto vs as the conseruation of our reputation and honor to be blamelesse we found it verie expedient not to suffer two such horrible imputations to passe vnder silence lest for lacke of answer line 60 it might argue a kind of guiltinesse and did therefore thinke that what might be alledged by vs for our iustification in that behalfe might most aptlie be ioined vnto this former declaration now to be published to laie open before the world the maner and ground of our procéeding in the causes of the low countries And for answer of the first point wherewith we are charged touching our ingratitude towards the king of Spaine as we doo most willinglie acknowledge that we were beholding vnto him in the time of our late sister which we then did acknowledge verie thankâ—fullie and haue sought manie waies since in like sort to requite as in our former declaration by our actions maie appeare so doo we vtterlie denie as a most manifest vntruth that euer he was the cause of the sauing of our life as a person by course of iustice sentenced vnto death whoeuer carried our selfe towards our said sister in dutifull sort as our loialtie was neuer called in question much lesse anie sentence of death pronounced against vs a matter such as in respect of the ordinarie course of proceeding as by processe in law by place of triall by the iudge that should pronounce such sentence and other necessarie circumstances in like cases vsuall especiallie against one of our qualitie as it could not but haue beene publikelie knowne if anie such thing had beene put in execution This then being true we leaue to the world to iudge how maliciouslie and iniuriouslie the author of the said pamphlet dealeth with vs in charging vs by so notable an vntruth with a vice that of all other we doo most hate and abhorre And therefore by the manifest vntruth of this imputation men not transported with passion maie easilie discerne what vntruth is conteined in the second by the which we are charged to haue béene acquainted with an intended attempt against the life of the said prince a matter if anie such thing should haue béene by vs intended must haue procéeded either of a misliking we had of his person or that the prosecution of the warres in the low countries was so committed vnto him as no other might prosecute the same but he And first for his person we could neuer learne that he hath at anie time by act or speach doone anie thing that might iustlie bréed a mislike in vs towards him much lesse a hatred against his person in so high a degree as to be either priuie or assenting to the taking awaie of his life Besides he is one of whom we haue euer had an honorable conceit in respect of those singular rare parts we alwaies haue noted in him which hath woone vnto him as great reputation as anie man this daie liuing carrieth of his degree and qualitie and so haue we alwaies deliuered out by speach vnto the world when anie occasion hath béene offered to make mention of him Now touching the prosecution committed vnto him of the warres in the low countries as all men of iudgement know that the taking awaie of his life carrieth no likelihood that the same shall woorke anie end of the said prosecution so is it manifestlie knowne that no man hath dealt more honorablie than the said prince either in dulie obseruing of his promise or extending grace and mercie where merit and desert hath craued the same and therefore no greater impietie by anie could be wrought nor nothing more preiudiciall to our selfe so long as the king shall continue the prosecution of the cause in that forcible sort he now dooth than to be an instrument to take him awaie from thense by such violent meanes that hath dealt in a more honorable and gratious sort in the charge committed vnto him than anie other that hath euer gone before him or is likelie to succéed after him Now therefore how vnlikelie it is that we hauing neither cause to mislike of his person nor that the prosecution of the warres should cease by losse of him should be either author or anie waie assenting to so horrible a fact we referre to the iudgement of such as looke into causes not with the eies of their affection but doo measure and weigh things according to honor and reason Besides it is likelie if it had béene true that we had bin anie waie chargeable as the author reporteth the confessions of the parties executed importing such matter as by him is alledged would haue béene both produced and published for malice leaueth nothing vnsearched that maie nourish the venome of that humor The best course therefore that both we and all other princes can hold in this vnfortunat age that ouerfloweth with numbers of malignant spirits is through the grace and goodnesse of almightie God to direct our course in such sort as they maie rather shew their wils through malice than with iust cause by desert to saie ill or deface princes either by spéech or writing assuring our selues that besides the punishment that such wicked and infamous libellors line 10 shall receiue at the hands of the almightie for deprauing of princes and lawfull magistrats who are Gods ministers they both are and alwaies shall be thought by all good men vnwoorthie to liue vpon the face of the earth Giuen at Richmount the first of October 1585 and the 27 yeare of the reigne of our souereigne ladie the queene to be published In the moneths of Nouember and December line 20 manie horsses and men were shipped at the Tower wharffe to be transported ouer into the low countries And on the sixt of December the right honorable lord Robert Dudleie earle of Leicester lord lieutenant generall after he had taken his leaue of hir maiestie and the court with his traine entred the towne of Colchester in Essex where the maior his brethren all in scarlet gownes with multitudes of people met him and so with great solemnitie entred line 30 the towne where he lodged that night and on the next morrow set forward to Harwich into the which towne he was accordinglie receiued and interteined On the eight of December accompanied with diuers lords and knights he arriued at Flushing where he was interteined by sir Philip Sidneie gouernour the Graue Morris the states of the towne and others passing honorablie The next day he sailed to Middleborough where his receiuing was answerable to his person and after certeine daies there spent as occasions then moued he came to Williamstat line 40 then to Rotherodam then to Delph where he lodged euen in the house where the prince
subiects of that citie did reioise at the apprehension of certeine diuelish and wicked minded subiects of ours that through the great and singular goodnesse of God haue beene detected to haue most wickedlie and vnnaturallie conspired not onelie the taking awaie of our owne life but also to haue stirred vp as much as in them laie a generall rebellion throughout our whole realme we could not but by our owne letters witnesse vnto you the great and singular contentment we receiued vpon the knowledge thereof assuring you that we did not so much reioise at the escape of the intended attempt against our owne person as to see the great ioie our most louing subiects tooke at the apprehension of the contriuers thereof which to make their loue more apparant they haue as we are to our great comfort informed omitted no outward shew that by anie externall act might witnesse to the world the inward loue and dutifull affection they beare towards vs. And as we haue as great cause with all thankfulnesse to acknowledge Gods great goodnesse toward vs through the infinit blessings he laieth vpon vs as manie as euer prince had yea rather as euer creature had yet doo we not for anie worldlie blessing receiued from his diuine maiestie so greatlie acknowledge the same as in that it hath pleased him to incline the hearts of our subiects euen from the first beginning of our reigne to carie as great loue toward vs as euer subiects carried toward prince which ought to moue vs as it dooth in verie déed to séeke with all care by all good means that apperteine to a christian prince the conseruation of so louing and dutifull affected subiects assuring you that we desire no longer to liue than while we maie in the whole course of our gouernment carie our selues in such sort as may not onelie nourish and continue their loue and good will toward vs but also increase the same We thinke méet that these our letters should be communicated in some generall assemblie to our most louing subiects the commoners of that citie Giuen vnder our signet at our castell of Windsor the eightéenth daie of August one thousand fiue hundred foure score and six in the eight and twentith yeere of our reigne But leauing this princelie president of thankefulnes to perpetuall record we will touch the next occurrence as course of time ministreth occasion About this time of the yéere returned into England sir Francis Drake knight a man of rare knowlege in nauigation and verie fortunat in the euent of his enterprises after manie feats of good seruice accomplished in forren countries as at Baion Hispaniola S. Dominico Carthagena c to the admiration of all people amongst whom he came and contrarie to the expectation of the Spaniards who vpon supposall of places impregnable grew so confident that they séemed lightlie to estéeme anie purposed force of the enimie and therefore doubted no kind of annoiance Howbeit they were as safe as he that hangeth by the leaues of a trée in the end of autumne when as the leaues begin to fall For they were so terrified at the sight of sacke and spoile as also doubting a totall wast by fire and swoord that they were glad to yeeld to composition And heere because mention is made of Hispaniola note ye that it is supposed that Salomon king of Ierusalem had his great riches of gold from hense and that his ships sailed to Ophir the old name as some affirme of Hispaniola by the gulfe of Persia called Sinus Persicus As for Sancto Dominico it is the cheefe citie in Hispaniola reported in historie as touching the building that there is no citie in Spaine Tanto line 10 pro tantâ— no not Barsalona that is to be preferred before it generallie For the houses are for the most part of stone as are they of Barsalona or of so strong and well wâ—ought earth that it maketh a singular and strong binding But leauing description of places it shall not be amisse hauing now touched though not with conuenient dignitie the last voiage of this singular gentleman to annex in this place a memoriall of a former voiage by him attempted namelie on the thirtéenth line 20 daie of December in the yere of Christ one thousand fiue hundred seuentie seuen at what time accompanied with fiue tall ships well manned appointed he sailed into the wost Indies by the same aduenture most luckilie accomplished eternised his name At what time the king of Moluccaes admiring his order astonied at the hearing of the peales of English ordinance roring like thunder which he there at his arriuall valiantlie liberallie discharged receiued him right honorablie causing foure galliasses line 30 to conduct and bring his ship into the surest harborough and him selfe with his companie to his presence In this voiage he discouered a countrie erst vnknowne which he named Noua Albion where by his courteous dealing he so allured and woone the hearts of the inhabitants that twise they crowned him king Beyond the large countrie of Chilie where it hath beene heeretofore thought that nothing had beene but continent and firme land he found sundrie Ilands the furthest wherof lieng most south line 40 he called by hir maiesties name Elisabetha Now after manie a singular note of his incomparable valorousnesse exhibited in places where he came and purposing to make his aduenture profitable he neglected no meanes that might stand with his honestie and honor returning home into England with great riches the six and twentith of September in the yéere of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred and eightie with one ship onelie For of the fiue wherewith at his first setting foorth he was furnished he line 50 was forced to set two on fire the third perished the fourth came backe and went not forwards at the first A voiage of great aduenture and prosperous successe contrarie to the ackward and frowning hap of sundrie woorthie gentlemen whose attempts albeit honorable and commendable yet matched with misfortune or at least defectiue in deserued and hoped issue a sore dicouragement to gentlemen of trauell and not a little impeaching the art of nauigation line 60 And now to resume our former remembrance of the conspirators you shall vnderstand that after due examination had no rigor vsed either by torture or torment the wicked wretches guiltie consciences driuing them to voluntarie confession on the seuenth daie of September certeine of them were led from the Tower of London to Westminster by water where they were indicted first for intending treason against the queens owne person secondlie for stirring ciuill wars within the realme and thirdlie for practising to bring in forren power to inuade the land Seuen of them appeared at Westminster on the thirtéenth daie of September who all pleaded giltie and therefore had no iurie but were condemned and had iudgement on the next morrow On the fiftéenth daie of September other seuen
of them were likewise arreigned at Westminster who pleading not giltie were tried by a iurie found giltie and had iudgement accordinglie The effect of whose treasons shortlie to touch them were these Iohn Sauage remaining long in France at Rheims was persuaded by doctor Gilbert Gifford that great honor should redound to him if he would take in hand to change religion to inuade the realme by forren power to dispossesse the quéene of England and to proclame the Scotish queene and set hir in hir place All which Sauage promised to doo or else to lose his life and therevpon returned into England where he imparted his purpose to Anthonie Babington requiring his aid therein Then Iohn Ballard préest also persuaded the said Babington to the purpose before expressed promising him aid of threescore thousand men that secretlie should be landed and told him both how when as he thought Wherevpon Babington promised and concluded to make a slaughter vpon the councell of hir maiestie in the Starchamber then to haue sacked London to haue burned the nauie and chéefest ships to kill or displace the lords knights and magistrats that remained true subiects to our right lawfull quéene and realme and also to haue cloied and poisoned the greatest ordinance c. These were their purposes Now touching the names of the traitors their behauiours and speaches with the maner of their executions you shall vnderstand that vpon the twentith daie of September being tuesdaie Iohn Ballard a preest and first persuader of Babington to these odious treasons was laid alone vpon an hurdell and six others two and two in like sort all drawne from Tower hill through the citie of London vnto a field at the vpper end of Holborne hard by the high waie side to saint Giles in the field where was erected a scaffold for their execution a paire of gallows of extraordinarie hight as was that wherevpon haughtie Haman was hanged for his ambition c the place likewise so railed to kéepe off horssemen as the people might plainelie see the execution On the first daie the traitors were placed vpon the scaffold that the one might behold the reward of his fellowes treason Ballard the preest who was the first brocher of this treason was the first that was hanged who being cut downe according to iudgement was dismembred his bellie ript vp his bowels and traitorous heart taken out throwne into the fire his head also seuered from his shoulders was set on a short stake vpon the top of the gallows and the trunke of his bodie quartered and imbrued in his owne bloud wherewith the executioners hands were bathed and some of the standers by but to their great loathing as not able for their liues to auoid it such was the throng beesprinkled This Ballard at the verie time of his death not denieng his treason died an obstinate papist and in his protestation doubtfullie said that If he had offended the queens maiestie or anie man else he was sorie and so conditionallie desired forgiuenesse The malicious affection of his heart towards hir highnesse appeared in the trembling passage of death that whereas his treasons were impious odious and damnable as the most wicked to wit his confederats for the most part confessed as the common fame goeth that they excéeded the greatnesse of hir maiesties mercie which maie not be measured where there is anie measure in offending And yet in his desire of remission at hir highnesse hands he added this condition If as one that doubted if he had offended hir person Next vnto this préest Anthonie Babington was made readie to the gallowes who in euerie point was handled like vnto Ballard in whome a signe of his former pride was to be obserued For whereas the rest through the cogitation of death were exercised in praier vpon their knées and bare-headed he whose turne was next stood on his féet line 10 with his hat on his head as if he had béene but a beholder of the execution Concerning his religion he died a papist His treasons were so odious as the sting of conscience compelled him to acknowledge himselfe a most gréeuous trespasser against the diuine maiestie and the quéens highnesse Next vnto Babington Sauage was likewise prepared for the execution This notable traitor as the fame goeth was the man that conferred with doctor Gifford at Paris and by the confirmations of the line 20 English fugitiues at Rhemes was resolued and resolutelie determined to kill the quéene It is likewise said that vpon the apprehension of Ballard the préest Babington accellerated and hastened this Sauage to dispatch his resolution and that he onelie deferred the matter for the making of a court-like sute of apparell When Sauage was executed Barnewell was made readie to die an obstinat papist who for his treason made conscience his best excuse howbeit a line 30 rotten conscience which was infected with the murther of a vertuous quéene which sith it was so bad few there were that heard him but forbad their conscience to pitie him otherwise than charitablie to be sorowfull for his offense deseruing so shamefull a fall and damnable before God and man After this Barnewell Tichborns turne was serued a proper yoong gentleman whose humilitie and mone moued much compassion Tilneie one of the queens maiesties pensioners next vnto Tichborne made worke for the hangman a wretch well worthie of line 40 death who went about to take awaie hir highnesse life The last of these seuen that suffered was Edward Abington whose father was an officer of good credit in hir highnesse house and for manie aduancements was bound to saie God saue good Q. Elisabeth But his sonne was a notable papist an archtraitor who at his death did all that in him laie to fix a feare in the hearts of the ignorant multitude with this speech that there could not choose but be great effusion of bloud in England verie shortlie But line 50 Gods prouidence maketh it apparant that the prophesies of traitors prooue not euermore scripture For Throgmorton the traitor said that before one yeare was expired the prosperitie peace of England should be turned into generall calamitie Howbeit the date of that diuination is out they both as maie béetide the rest of that rebellious rout in their appointed time by Gods grace partakers of semblable destinie This Abington was the last of the first seuen that were executed and thus ended line 60 that daies worke to the comfort of Israell for that the execrable thing which troubled the whole land and highlie offended the diuine maiestie was taken awaie On the daie following according to generall expectation being the one and twentith daie of September Salisburie was laid alone vpon an hurdell and other six two and two in like maner all drawne from Tower hill through the citie of London vnto the former place of execution Salisburie was the first
commons latelie assembled in parlement and hir maiesties answeres therevnto by hir selfe deliuered though not expressed by the reporter with such grace and life as the same were vttered by hir maiestie To the right honorable the earle of Leicester c. ALbeit with earnest desire of my heart right honorable my verie good lord I haue alwaies indeuored to doo your lordship some acceptable seruice for the honour you first vouchsafed me from beyond my cradle and after confirmed with the fauorable opinion line 40 wherewith you haue alwaies countenanced me euer since euen thus far onward on my daies which also togither with my yeares hath increased faster than mine abilitie to performe being crossed in nothing more deepelie than when I was letted by the ouermuch tendering of me by my parents to attend your lordship in your late voiage and honorable expedition into the low countries yet haue I béene euer since most studious to obserue and apprehend some good occasion or fit opportunitie to testifie line 50 the dutifull reuerence I beare to your lordship wherein if hitherto I haue béene slacke in performance during your absence it hath procéeded of the care I had not to interteine your lordship with matter either friuolous or vulgar though things of that nature might best become my condition and well agrée with my vnderstanding In which cogitation it came to my mind that the report of the spéeches deliuered by the queens most excellent maiestie in a late and weightie cause line 60 dealt in this parlement in answer to the petitions presented to hir maiestie the twelfe and foure and twentith daie of Nouember at Richmond by the lord chancellor and speaker respectiuelie in the name and behalfe of both estates accompanied with diuerse of either sort would doubtlesse be a thing to your lordship most gratefull as one euer pleased iustlie to admire the rare perfections of hir mind and approoued iudgement wherewith according to your estate and place deseruedlie your lordship hath béene vsuallie acquainted as also worthie of eternall monument and euerlasting memorie for as much as on the sudden they were deliuered by hir selfe for answer of a matter propounded debated resolued and digested with great labor and premeditation of the greatest grauest wisest and most choise persons of the whole realme whereof although I haue but slenderlie purtraied the lineaments without expressing to life the externall ornaments of hir roiall speach accompanied with all princelie and gracefull accomplements yet doubt I not but your lordship will easilie find hir inward vertues whereof it is impossible for me to make the least adumbration And because in the dailie expectation of your lordships returne I rested vncerteine how these might come safelie to your lordships hands I did therefore aduise to haue this my letter with the included copies to be readie to attend your first arriuall in gratulation of the safetie thereof which hath beene long desired Wherein as I striue to performe a particular dutie to your lordship so trust I you will haue that honorable consideration that in the communication thereof with others there grow not anie preiudice to me for my presumption in aduenturing to be a reporter of that which in the deliuerie wrought so great astonishment to all the hearers as it exceeded the fulnesse of euerie mans expectation and therefore without some fauorable construction of mine attempt I might incurre great blame by my slender maner of report so to haue blemished the excellencie of hir maiesties spéeches whereof I humblie beséech your lordship to haue fauorable regard Thus referring them to your lordships disposition and my selfe to your fauorable protection I humblie take my leaue 25. Nouember 1586. Your lordships most humblie in all dutie to command R. C. The briefe of the lord chancellors first speach at the time when he deliuered hir most excellent maiestie a petition in writing for and in the name of the lords and commons which speaches were of more length than here are by me collected but sure I am the substance thereof is here trulie expressed THat the lords and commons hauing of long time to their intolerable greefe found by how manie practises the Scotish quéene had compassed the destruction of hir highnesse most roiall person in whose safetie next vnder God they acknowledged their chiefe felicitie to consist thereby not onelie to bereaue them of the sincere and true religion in this realme professed and established but to bring backe againe this noble realme into the thraldome of Romish tyrannie and to ouerthrow the happie estate thereof wherein although hir highnesse of hir abundant gratious naturall clemencie and princelie magnanimitie hath either lightlie passed them ouer or with no small indulgence tolerated notwithstanding the often and earnest instances of hir nobilitie and commons in sundrie parlements heretofore and further hath protected hir from the violent pursute of hir owne people she yet as a person obdurat in malice as it appeareth continued hir former practises as had béene latelie manifested by certeine wicked conspiracies plotted by one Anthonie Babington and diuerse desperat persons that had combined and confederated themselues by vow and oth in a most horrible enterprise by murther to take awaie the life of hir maiestie wherein the Scotish quéene did not onelie aduise them but also direct comfort and abbet them with persuasion counsell promise of reward and earnest obtestation Wherevpon hir maiestie at the earnest request of such as tendered the safetie of hir roiall person and the quiet of the realme did direct commission vnder the great seale to sundrie lords and others of hir maiesties priuie councell a great number of lords of parlement of the greatest and most ancient degrée assisted with some of the principall iudges of the realme to heare examine and determine the same according to a statute in that behalfe made in the seuen and twentith yeare of hir reigne Who to the number of thirtie and six hauing attended line 10 the execution of the said commission and diuerse daies and times heard the allegations against the said Scotish quéene in hir owne presence and hearing she being permitted to saie what she would in hir owne excuse did with one assent find hir calpable both in priuitie consent to the said crimes obiected and also in compassing the quéens maiesties death Which sentence by hir owne directions vpon the hearing of the proofes and processe in parlement line 20 was iudged to haue béene most honorable and iust And therevpon they all beséech hir maiestie that forasmuch as the said quéene of Scots was the verie ground and onelie subiect wherevpon such dangerous practises and complots had béene founded against hir maiesties most roiall person and the estate of this realme for these manie yeares to the ouerthrow of sundrie of the nobilitie of the land and danger of christian religion and that they could sée line 30 no hope of hir desisting and hir adherents but that still hir maiesties safetie must be
afterwards the more part of the said councellors lords and iudges in our said commission named that is to saie the number of six and thirtie did in the presence and hearing of the said quéene of Scots where she remained at our castell of Foderinghaie at diuerse daies and times in publike place verie exactlie vprightlie and with great deliberation examine all the matters offenses whereof she was charged and accused tending vnto the dangers afore rehearsed and mentioned in our said line 20 commission and all the circumstances thereof and heard also at large in all fauorable maner what the same quéene did or could saie for hir excuse and defense in that behalfe Wherevpon afterwards on the fiue and twentith daie of October now last past all the said councell lords and iudges that had heard and examined the same cause in the said queenes presence as afore is mentioned with one assent and consent after good deliberation did giue line 30 their sentence and iudgement in this sort following That after the first daie of Iune in the seuen and twentith yeare of our reigne and before the date of our said commission diuerse things were compassed and imagined within this realme of England by Anthonie Babington and others with the priuitie of the said Marie pretending title to the crowne of this realme of England tending to the hurt death and destruction of our roiall person line 40 And likewise that after the same first daie of Iune and before the date of our said commission the said Marie pretending title to the same crowne had compassed imagined within the same realme diuers things tending to the hurt death and destruction of our roiall person contrarie to the forme of the said statute which sentence and iudgement the same lords and commissioners haue with one full consent caused to be put in writing and dulie ingrossed with the whole processe of their procéedings therevnto belonging and haue subscribed line 50 the same with their hands as by a record thereof shewed to vs more fullie and largelie dooth appeare And whereas also sithence the same sentence and iudgement so giuen and recorded the lords and commons in this present parlement assembled haue also at sundrie times in open parlement heard and considered the principall euidences proofes and circumstances wherevpon the same sentence and iudgement was grounded and haue by their publike assent in parlement affirmed the same to be a line 60 iust lawfull and true sentence and so haue allowed and approoued the same in writing presented vnto vs and haue also notified to vs how déepelie they did foresée the great and manie imminent dangers which otherwise might and would grow to our person and to the whole realme if this sentence were not fullie executed and consequentlie therefore they did by their most humble and earnest petitions in that behalfe of one accord hauing accesse vnto vs vpon their sundrie requests most instantlie vpon their knées praie beséech and with manie reasons of great force and importance mooue and presse vs that the said sentence and iudgement so iustlie dulie giuen and by them approoued as is aforesaid might according to the expresse tenor of the said act of parlement by our proclamation vnder our great seale be declared and published and the same also finallie executed But after such most earnest request so made to vs from all the said lords and commons in parlement they perceiuing by our owne speeches and answers how déepelie we are greeued to heare of these horrible and vnnaturall attempts and actions of that quéene whose manie former offenses manifestlie and dangerouslie committed against vs our crowne and realme we had ouerpassed with our ouer great clemencie contrarie to the manie aduises and requests of our subiects aswell in parlement as otherwise and therefore they also vnderstanding from our selfe how desirous we were to haue some other meanes deuised by them in their seuerall places of parlement to withstand these mischiefes intended both against our selfe and the publike quiet state of our realme and suertie of our good subiects than by execution of the foresaid sentence as was required they did after their sundrie consultations apart and conferences iointlie with one accord in the names of all the lords of parlement euen by the particular votes of them all assembled and also of the commons with one vniuersall assent representing the state of all our realme at their seuerall times of accesse vnto vs alledge declare and protest that vpon their long manie aduised consultations and conferences by our commandement and for our satisfaction in that behalfe had they could not by anie meanes find or deuise how the suertie of our roiall person and the preseruation of themselues and their posteritie with the good state of the realme might be prouided for and continued without the publication and due execution of the said sentence Wherevpon being not onelie mooued to our gréefe but also ouercome with the earnest requests declarations and important reasons of all our said subiects the nobles and commons of our realme whose iudgement knowledge and naturall care of vs and the whole realme we know dooth farre surmount all others being not so interessed therin and so iustlie to be esteemed and perceiuing also the said sentence to haue béene honourablie lawfullie and iustlie giuen agréeable to iustice and to the lawes of our realme we did yéeld and doo according to this said statute by this our proclamation vnder our great seale of England declare notifie and publish to all our louing subiects and other persons whatsoeuer that the said sentence and iudgement is giuen in maner aforesaid to the intent that they and euerie of them by this our proclamation may haue full vnderstanding and knowledge thereof We doo also will you that you returne this our proclamation into to our court of Chancerie as spéedilie as you maie conuenientlie with the place and time of the proclaming thereof therevpon indorsed whereof faile you not In witnesse whereof we haue caused this our proclamation to be made patent and sealed with the great seale of England At our manor of Richmont the fourth daie of December the nine and twentith yeare of our reigne and in the yeare of our Lord God one thousand fiue hundred fourescore and six Now to conclude with a remembrance of perpetuitie concerning the queens maiestie of whose louing care and tender affection towards all hir faithfull subiects as we haue manifold testimonies in the historie of hir highnesse time whereby their hearts are linked vnto hir maiestie with an indissoluble knot of deserued loue and loialtie so we maie not omit in anie case the publike witnesse of hir highnesse naturall care and mercifull prouidence ouer hir liege people euen those of the poorer sort vnto whome the comfortable streames of hir rare regard for their benefit and welfare in a hard time of scarsitie doo most plentifullie flow But because our barren and saplesse stile is insufficient with conuenient dignitie
a 50. Excommunicated but to no purpose 219. b 10. Accused committed to prison 244. a 60 Usurpation note the whole storie of Richard the third and Edward the fift hath no good end ¶ See Bruse 314 315 316. Commeth to an euill end 323. a 60. W. WAinfleet ¶ See Paten Wales inuaded by king William Rufus and wasted 22. b 10. Subdued by duke William 12. a 20. Diuided into shires 282. a 40. The marches thereof sore impouerished 257 a 40 Walden his variable fortune note 532. a 10 Walon lord came to serue Henrie the eight 818. b 60 Wallop knight his martiall acts in Normandie 831. b 40 Walkhelme bishop of Winchester 9. a 20 Walkeher bishop of Durham had the whole rule of Northumberland 13. a 40. A furtherer of monasteries to be erected 11. a 20. Slaine by the Northumbers whie note 12. b 20 Walteof sonne of Siward 5. a 10 Ualiant reconciled into the kings fauor 7. a 50. Earle of Northumberland Northhampton and Huntington 11 b 20. Maried duke Williams neece and his issue 11. b 10. He and Gospatrike depriued 10 b 50. Beheaded as a rebell though he disclosed the same note 11. a 60. Described and where he was buried 11. b 10 Walter bishop of Hereford submitteth himselfe to duke William 1 a 50. Walter knight ¶ See Mildmaie and Raliegh Warre betweene two brethren kings sonnes 106 a 50. In Normandie betwixt king Rufus and his brother Robert 21 a 50.60 Of barons against king Iohn note 18â— b 10. c. Proclamed against England by the king of Scots 5â—8 b 10. Prepared against France â—12 a â—0 Betwixt England and France 290. a 60. b 20. Proclamed betwixt England and France 353. a 10. Prosecuted with egernesse 354 355 Upon a light occasion 39. b 20. Renewed 219. a 20. Betweene diuerse nations in one yeare ended 1192. b 60. Ciuill and the miserie of England then 60. b 60. Maketh no difference of time note 1188. b 30. c. Certâ—ine ordinances deuised for that time 125. a 40 The frutes thereof 610. b 10. Forren better than sedition at home 1054. b 50. Open not so ill as ciuill the occasion of manie great inconueniences 729. a 10. 20. Cannot be mainteined without monie ¶ See Armie Battell Beneuolence Frenchmen France Monie Munition Scots Subsidie Warbecke ¶ See Perkin Warbecke Ward Richard ¶ See Iusts Triumphant Wards ¶ See London Warham doctor of lawes the sum of his speach to the archduke of Burgognie 777. b 10 Warke castell burned by the Scots 444. b 60 Warlwast William taketh from Anselme all that he had note 26. a 10 Warning of amendment of life 44. b 10. Reiected both by woonders and dreames and lested at 26. b 10.20 Neglected cause of inconuenience note 83. a 10.20.30.40 Of a French preest giuen to Richard the first note 156. b 10 ¶ See Uisions Warren ¶ See Erle Warwike castell taken and rased 267 a 50.60 Waste ¶ See Northcountrie Wat Tiler ¶ See Tiler Watch appointed to be kept by night in cities and burrowes 248. a 10 It and ward from foure till six and from six till foure 327. b 10. The mischiefe that groweth by the negligence of them 597. b 60. In sleepe what aduantage to the enimie 380. a 60. Found sleeping iustlie serued 819 b 20. At Midsummer discontinued 1062. b 10. ¶ See Midsummer Water conueied from out the Thames by pipes into seuerall houses 1348. b 50. ¶ See Tides and Thames Waters executed for Treason 313. b 40. ¶ See Traitors Waterquake 440. b 50.1311 a 50.439 b 40 Wednesdaie 818. b 20. ¶ See Drie Weights and measures 152 b 10 Reformed after one standard 209 b 60 Weiland lord cheefe iustice of the kings bench his storie 284. b 40 Well ¶ See Founteine Welshmen vnder their kings waste Herâ—ford 5. a 20. Cruellie handled in their ouerthrow 23. a â—0 Inuaded by William Rufus flie into the woods 23. a 10. Uanquished at Brooknocke by William Rufus 20. b 40. Inuade England 21 b 20. They dare not fight in open field but worke all vpon aduantage 22. a 20. Preuaile greatlie against the Engâ—ish 2 17. Besieged the castell of Montgomerie 210. a 60. They are discomfites b 10. c. Put to flight 214 a 10. Sent ouer to the aid of the earle of Britaine 219 a 10 Warre against the lord Mortimers tenants 263. b 50. Subiect to the English laws 244. a 50. Take castels 329.10 Wastfull without remorse 351. b 20. Appointed to Iaques Arteueid for a gard against Gerard Denise 368. a 20. Molest the English subiects 524. a 20. Rebell by the setting on of Owen Glendouer 518. a 60. Waste Cheshire â—6 b 40. Up in armes they sue for peace to Henrie the first 42. a 20.30 Fickle and by what meanes allured to Henrie the firsts side 30. a 60. Moue rebellion discomfited and punished 176. a 30. Not well delt withall 95. b 30. Their good seruice against the French 113. a 10. Slaie the shiriffe of Glocestershire 106. a 20 Their good seruice 93. b 20. Make war on the English marches seuerelie punished 73. b 10. Uanquished and slaine 154. b 20. Win Cardigan 73. b 40. Rebell inuaded subdued 66. b 60 c Their valiancie against the French 874. b 20. Make a riot at Calis 879. b 10. Discomfited by the Northerne men 672. b 20. Inuade the English marches 37. b 60. Slaine and discomfited by Henrie the first on all hands note 3â—â— a 10. Subdued 203. a 60. Flie 270 a 60. Submit themselues 67. a 30. Slaine 673. b 10. Drowned within an ambush note â—36 a 60. Welshwomens villanie against the English dead corpses 520 a 60. Their beastlie and barbarous crueltie vpon the dead carcases of the English 528. a 30. See Fraie and Lewin Wentworth lord deputie of Calis sendeth to the French to demand parlee 1135. b 50. Taken prisoner 1136. a 50. Arreigned and acquited 1184. a 50 Westminster spoiled by soldiors 273. b 20. The palace of the king burned 815. b 60. The new church there begun 202. b 10. Inlarged and repared 237 a 40. Of a cruell murther there committed 420. b 10.60 The sanctuarie confirmed by parlement 421 b 60 The hall founded note 23. a 60. b 10. Ouerflowne with waters note 1129. b 50. Full of water and not to be gotten into but on horssebacke 231 a 10. Where botes might haue beene rowed vp and downe 220. a 40. The new worke there begun 282 b 60. A new house made within the palace for the arreignment of the lords 490. b 20 Wesell in Cleueland a free towne note 1144 a 40 Weston doctor the duke of Suffolks ghostlie father 1100 b 50. Against the ladie Elisabeth the lord maiors iudgement of him 1101 b 40.50 resigneth the deanrie of Westminster by compulsion and is recompensed 1134 b 40 Wether intemperat by coniuring as was thought 520. b 20. ¶ See Tempest Wharton lord Thomas deceaseth 1238. a 50 Wheat and other corne scarse with politike orders to
insufficiencie of learning 12 a 10. His miracle whereby he kept his bishoprike 12 a 10. Submitteth himselfe to duke William 1 a 50. Dieth 27 b 60. Woluerhampton and how to be rightlie called note 796 a 40 Womans request preuaileth in a great matter with a great personage 32 a 50. Pitifull note 378 a 20. Their dissimulation 336 b 30. Hanâ—ed drawne and quartered 944 a 60. Ones request denied occasion of much broile 327 b 40 328 a 10. One treateth for peace preuaileth betwéene two kings note 360 a 30 One brought to bed of a monster note 1314 a 40. One of fourscoure yeres old brought a bed of a monster 1313 b 60 1314 a 10. One brought to bed of foure children at one burthen 1261 b 60 Women will hardlie be of one mind 158 a 60. Their boldnes in ecclesiasticall matters note 484 a 50 60. That to be seuere against them is dishonorable note 314 a 10. Causers of mischéefe note 562 a 20. Counterfeiting themselues one our Ladie the other Marie Magdalen 203 b 50. Their 〈◊〉 what mischéefe it bréeâ—e â— note 626 b 6â— 627 a all Reuenge a murther doone vpon one 605 b 60. Hard to be reconciled 378 a 60. Their peace 115â— a 60 Wonders 37 a 40 38 a 40. â—â—â— b 10 44 b 40.82 a 60 b 10 10â— a 30.102 b 30.166 a 60.204 b 60 c. 210 b 50 216 b 10 20 30 225 b 60.226 a 10 239 b 20 245 b 30.252 a 50 c. 277 b 40 395 a 40 439 b 40 484 b 10 c 493 b 60.645 b 10.793 b 10 c 40. Of a Dutchman standing on Pauls wethercocke note 1091 a 60 b 10. Of peâ—son without tilth growing vpon hard stone pible 1129. a 60 b 10. Of a man preserued from drowning 1223 b 10 Of a lad drowned in a kennell 1259 b 60 1260 a 10. Of a child speaking strange spéeches 1315 a 10 c. Of mice deuouring grasse 1315 a 60. Of the ground swallowed vp 1413 b 20 30. Strange estéemed to be warnings note 26 b 10. Strange in heauen and earth 21 a 30. In the aire or element 142 a 10. Great and whereof they were tokens 204 b 50. What they betoken 156 b 60.157 a 10 b 10 Of baie trées 496 b 60. Of a fish like a man note 168 a 10. Of fighting fishes 115 a 10. Of Rosamunds coter 115 b 60. In the sunne moone and the earth 102 b 40 50 60. Of a dead carcase 1066 a 30. To be noted in a dead corps that laie long in the ground 779 a 40. ¶ Sée Fish Mirâ—cle and Monsters Worcester assalted 58 b 20. By the Normans 17 a 60. With the valiantnâ—sse of the people b 10. Besieged and taken 266 a 60. The citie burnt by casualtie 37 b 50 Words malicious and foolish of a French lord note 771 a 20 Of Henrie the second that cest Becket his lâ—fe 78 b 30 Of displeasure vttered by the father to his sonne 114 a 40 Stout of a prelat to a peere 458 a 20. Of a graue gentleman spoken on his death bed doo good 197 b 40. Whet Henrie the third vnto warre 209 a 10. Faire ouercome 32 a 50. Make fooles faine 191 b 60. 144 a 20. Preuaile not 112 a 20. With fraud note 111 a 30 Smooth how mightilie they preuaile euen in the enimie 673 a 60 b 10. Faire with ill meaning note 136 a 10. Procure wounds and death 954 a 20. Procure wounds and bloudshed 447 a 40. Wounds and slaughter note 13 b 40. Shamefull slanderous against Edward the fourth 698 b 30. Obscure and doubtfull to be opened 480 b 40. Unaduisedlie spoken against the prince the price of life note 703 a 10. Undecent to the lord chancellor punished in the speaker 1081 a a 50. Gentle appeased strife 880 b 50. That kindled heat and indignation to reuenge 172 b 10. Of wrath kindle displeasure and warre 3â— b 10 Faire and gentle wich like behauiour how forceable 518 a 10. Purchase displeasure though trâ—â—lie spoâ—en 513 b 40 50 60. Miscontruâ—d by the Scots note 423 a 20. Multiplied kindle displeasure 487 b 50 60. Roiall and well bâ—séeming a king to rebellious lords note 400 a 10 Wische vttered appease the wrath of a king 458 a 10 c 50. Opprobrious procure ill will note 421 a 20. Of reproch how mischéefous in issue note 412 a 20. Great with litle manhood 23 b 60 24 a 10. Of desdaine bréeding mischéefe note 645 a 30. Punished with standing on the pillorie and losse of both the cares 1084 a 20. Mixed with breadfull allegation preuaile much note 143 b 60. ¶ Sée Gifts Oth and Promises Works good of duke William before his death 14 b 50 Of king Henrie the first to win the peoples fauour 28 b 20 Workemanship verie cunning of comprising much matter in a little roome 1262 b 10. Of a locke and a keie weighing but one wheatcorne 1299 b 50 60 Worship to creatures not permitted to be doone without the bishops authoritie 31 a Wotton embassador into Scotland of an ancient familie note 1402 b 30 c. 1403 c. Wrecks by sea pardoned by K. Richard the first through all his dominions 126 a 60 Wrestling at the hospitall of S. Iames betwixt the Londoners and all commers 204 a 10 20 c. At Clerkenwell a great fraie there 641 a 60 Wrâ—othesleiâ— lord ¶ See Erle of South hampton Writing of much matter within a penie compasse 1262 b 10 Y. YArd ¶ Sée Mesure Yeoman of the gard his shift to saue himselfe from hanging 844. One hanged 812 b 10. Two hanged for robbing 953 a 60 b 10. Their institution or first bringing in 763 b 50. Defend the preacher at Pauls crosse 1089 b 30 1090 a 20 Yeare of Iubile 788 a 60. Of woonders 1588 note 1356 b 60. More talked of than feared 1357 a 10 20 Yorke besieged by duke William 7 a 60. Burned by the Normans and whie 6 b 60 7 a 10 The shire subdued to Lewis the French kings son 193 a 10. The people in a perplexitie by the means of two aduerse parties 6 b 60. The castell 6 a 40 Yorke place inâ—coffed to Henrie the eight 923 a 10 Yorkeshire ¶ Sée Commotion Ypres William warlike 43 b 30 52 a 10. A Fleming earle of Kent 54 a 30. Departeth the realme 65 b 20 Ypresse besieged 443 b 20. The siege broken vp 444 a 10 These faults to be amended For sir Iohn Perot read Pollard pag. 1551 b 20. For sealed seldome 1555 b 50 For Henrie the first read the second 1548 b 50 The rest good reader as iudgement shall lead thee reforme FINIS propositi laus Christo nescia FINIS Finished in Ianuarie 1587 and the 29 of the Queenes Maiesties reigne with the full continuation of the former yeares at the expenses of Iohn Harison George Bishop Rafe Newberie Henrie Denham and Thomas Woodcocke AT LONDON Printed in Aldersgate street at the signe of the Starre
of king Edward Sir Iohn Fox 〈◊〉 the Acts Monuments â—nder the title of Edward the sixt The noble memorie of â—ing Edward and his rare wâ—t I. Stow. 1â—â—8 K. Edwards death opened Ladie Iane proclamed quéene I. Stow. 1059. Gilbert Pot punished in Cheape Men drowned at London bridge The ladie Maries challenge to the crowne by right of succession She certifieth the lords that she knoweth what is intended against hir She chargeth the lords vpon their loialties to cause hir right to the regiment to be proclamed The lords aduertise the ladie Marie that the ladie Iane is queene A subtill shift to prooue the ladie Marie illegitimate Ladie Marie remooueth froÌ„ Keningall to Fremingham castell Abr. Fl. ex I. S. 1059. The councell persuade the duke to vndertake this enterprise Câ—rts laden 〈◊〉 munitioÌ„ The dukes 〈◊〉 to the 〈◊〉 of the councell 〈◊〉 meaneth 〈◊〉 new quéen 〈◊〉 depriued 〈◊〉 executed The conclusiâ—â— of the 〈◊〉 talke 〈◊〉 the lords The earle of Arundell professeth himselfe sorie that he goeth not with the duke of Northumberland Much a do on all sides during this stir broched betwéene the duke and the ladie Marie The old prouerbe verâ—fied Delaie bréedeth danger Suffolke men the first that resorted to the ladie Marie Assistants to the ladie Marie Abr. Fl. ex I. S pag. 1062. Aid by wind and wether for quéene Marie that was bent against hir The duke of Northumberland writeth for more succours Doctor Ridleie persuadeth the people in the title of queene Iane c. The lords of the councell suspecting that all would go against them proclamed the ladie Marie quéen Learned 〈◊〉 that wrote 〈◊〉 the reigne of king Edward Carmen 〈…〉 in obitum regiâ— Edâ—ardi â—uéene Marie proclamed Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 1064. The duke submitteth â—â—â—selfe and â—s arrested by the earle of Arundell The lord Hastings discharged out of the tower Duke of Suffolke committed to the tower Quéene Marie commeth to London Prisoners discharged Stephan Gardiner made lord chancellor Edward Courtneie created earle of Deuonshire Bishops restored and others depriued Why Ridleie was more rigorouslie handled than the rest Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 1067. The buriall of king Edward Doctor Boorne a chapleine of bishop Bonner A dagger throwne at the preacher The preacher at Paules crosse defended by the gard The duke of NorthumberlaÌ„d arreigned The dukes request to vnderstand the opinion of the court in two points Abr. Fl. ex 〈◊〉 1069. The duke of Northumberlands foure requests after 〈◊〉 iudgment Preacher at Pâ—ules crosse â—â—ded Sir Iohn Gates and sir Thomas Palmer beâ—ded New lord chancellor Latine seruice Great Harrie a ship burnt Prest to the quéene New coineâ— Subsidie pardoned The archbishop of Canturburie committed to the tower * Sée before pag. 1030 1031 Abr. Fl. ex I. Stow 1067. Coronation of quéene Marie hir pompe and traine Who rode before and after hir The ladie Elizabeth and the ladie Anne of Cleue A pageant made by strangers The conduit in Cornewall ran wine The recorder of London maketh a short spéech to the quéene passing by A Dutchman on the Weathercocke of Paules A pageant wherein the queeristers of Paules 〈◊〉 on vials Quéene Marie crowned quéene by Stephan Gardiner A pardon with exceptions Commissioners A parlement Treason Felonie Premunire The parlement proroged Abr Fl. ex I. S. pag 1075. Charitable deeds of sir Thomas White A president of monie well emploied after death Prouision of corne for the poore A perpetuall order of an hundred and foure pounds â—ent yearelie by course Sir Iames Hales in trouble for religion Sée before pag. 1083. Sore temptations in afflictions against which we are to praie for patience He drowneth himselfe A publike disputation about the reall presence in the sacrament Iohn Fox Cardinall Poole sent for home The councell diuided about the receiuing of the cardinall Cranmer archbishop of Canturburie arreigned of treason Ambassadors from the emperour Ab. Fl. ex I. S. pag. 1077. Stephan Gardiner maketh an oration to the lords of the councell c. touching the quéenes marriage Gardiner coÌ„mendeth the king of Spaine Wiat pubâ—â—sheth a proclamation at Maidstone He commeth to Rochester Sir George Harper Christopher Roper taken Maister Dorrell maister Tucke taken Sir Thomas â—iat writeth 〈◊〉 sir Robert Southwell The shiriffe of kent and the 〈◊〉 of Aburgauennie assemble a power against 〈◊〉 In herald sent â—rothaÌ„ Wiat. The lord â—arden is 〈◊〉 to Wiat. â—eldishmen 〈◊〉 is such 〈◊〉 dwel in the 〈◊〉 of Kent 〈◊〉 heath Barrow greéne Wrotham hill Yallam Blacke soll field The skirmish The duke of Norffolke arriueth at Stroud The reuolting of the Londoners The duke with the capteine of the gard c put to their shifts The shiriffe of Kent rideth to the councell The duke of Suffolke goeth downe into Leicestershire The citie of Couentrie The duke of Suffolke kept out of Couentrie The duke of Suffolke apprehended The lord Iohn Greie taken The lord Thomas Greie taken Cowling castell The lord Cobham 〈◊〉 requests Proclamation that the duke of Suffolke and others were fled The emperors ambassaâ—ors flée from Wiat. Quéene Maries oration to the Lâ—ndoners Demands are pretended to be sent from M. Wiat and his companie to quéene Marie How he pretended the spoile of their goods it appeareth in that he comming to Southworke did hurt neither man woman nor child neither in bodie nor in a pennie of their goods Quéene Marie excuseth hir mariage The promise of quéene Marie touching hir mariage Wiat marched to Detford strand Wiat suffereth his prisoners to go abrode vpon their word Wiat coÌ„meth into Southworke Sir Thomas Wiats desperat attempt Wiat and his complices 〈◊〉 into consultation The lord Warden of the cinque ports verie willing to followe after Wiat. Wiat at his wits end 〈◊〉 marcheth to kingstone â—â—at repareth the bridge 〈◊〉 kingstone 〈◊〉 Grafton The earle of Penbroke 〈◊〉 the arâ—â—â— in order 〈◊〉 comâ—â—th to the parke corner 〈◊〉 A skirmish at 〈◊〉 betwéen 〈…〉 and the 〈…〉 Wiat marcheth alongst the wall of saint Iames towards London An herald sent to Wiat willing him to desist from his enterprise Sir Thomas Wiat submitteth himselfe to the quéene The stout courage of quéene Marie Proclamation that none should kéepe in his house anie of Wiats faction Abr. Fl. ex I.S. pag. 1087 1088 1089. Wiat sent to the tower Sir Thomas Bridges lieutenant of the tower The zeale of the lieutenant sheweth it self by his hot language The duke of Suffolke and the lord Greie brought to the tower Sir Henrie Isleie The lord Gilford Dudleie executed on the tower The 〈◊〉 of the ladie Iane lead to execution The executioner asked the ladie Iane forgiuenesse I. Stow. Iohn Fox Iudge Morgan fell mad Abr. Fl. ex I. F. 〈◊〉 The duke of Suffolke Iohn Fox The duke of Suffolke beheaded Doctor Weston The duke of Suffolke described Great pitie that so manie good gifts concurring should suffer disgrace * The number of them that thus had their pardon were